PhytoChem & BioSub Journal Peer-reviewed research journal on Phytochemistry & Bioactives Substances ISSN 2170 - 1768

PCBS Journal Volume 9 N° 1, 2 & 3

2015

PhytoChem & BioSub Journal ISSN 2170-1768

ISSN 2170 – 1768

PhytoChem & BioSub Journal (PCBS Journal) is a peer-reviewed research journal published by Phytochemistry & Organic Synthesis Laboratory. The PCBS Journal publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and technical notes that contribute significantly to further the scientific knowledge related to the field of Phytochemistry & Bioactives Substances (Medicinal Plants, Ethnopharmacology, Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Natural products, Analytical Chemistry, Organic Synthesis, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Biochemistry, Computational Chemistry, Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Quality Assurance, Microbiology, Bioactivity and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest ) It is essential that manuscripts submitted to PCBS Journal are subject to rapid peer review and are not previously published or under consideration for publication in another journal. Contributions in all areas at the interface of Chemistry, Pharmacy, Medicine and Biology are welcomed. Editor in Chief Pr Abdelkrim CHERITI Phytochemistry & Organic Synthesis Laboratory 08000, Bechar, Algeria Editorial Board Afaxantidis J. (France), Akkal S. (Algeria), Al Hamel M. (Morocco), Allouch A. (Lebanon), Aouf N. (Algeria), Asakawa Y. (Japan), Atmani A. (Morocco) , Awad Allah A.( Palestine), Azarkovitch M. ( Russia), Baalioumer A. (Algeria), Badjah A.Y. ( KSA), Balansard G. (France), Barkani M. (Algeria), Belboukhari N. ( Algeria), Belkhiri A. (Algeria), Benachour D. (Algeria), Ben Ali Cherif N. (Algeria), Benayache F. (Algeria), Benayache S. (Algeria), Benharathe N. (Algeria), Benharref A. (Morocco), Bennaceur M. ( Algeria), Bensaid O. (Algeria), Berada M. ( Algeria), Bhalla A. ( India), Bnouham M. (Morocco), Bombarda E. (France), Bouchekara M. (Algeria), Boukebouz A. (Morocco), Boukir A. (Morocco), Bressy C. (France), Chehma A. (Algeria), Chul Kang S. (Korea), Dadamoussa B. (Algeria), Daiche A. (France), Daoud K. ( Algeria), De la Guardia M. ( Brazilia), Dendoughi H. (Algeria), Derdour A. (Algeria), Djafri A. (Algeria), Djebar S. (Algeria), Djebli N.(Algeria), Dupuy N. (France), El Abed D. (Algeria), EL Achouri M. (Morocco), El Hatab M. (Algeria), El Omar F. (Lebanon), Ermel G. ( France), Esnault M. A. ( France), Govender P. (South Africa), Jouba M. (Turkey), Hacini S. (Algeria), Hadj Mahamed M. (Algeria), Halilat M. T. (Algeria), Hamed El Yahia A. ( KSA), Hamrouni A. ( Tunisia), Hania M. ( Palestine), Heidari A. ( USA), Iqbal A. (Pakistan), Gaydou E. (France), Ghanmi M. (Morocco), Gharabli S. (Jordan), Gherraf N. ( Algeria), Ghezali S. (Algeria), Gouasmia A. (Algeria), Greche H. (Morocco), Kabouche Z. (Algeria), Kacimi S. (Algeria), Kajima J.M. (Algeria), Kaid-Harche M. (Algeria), Kessat A. (Morocco), Khelil-Oueld Hadj A. (Algeria), Lahreche M.B. (Algeria), Lanez T. (Algeria), Leghseir B. (Algeria), Mahiuo V. (France), Marongu B. ( Italia), Marouf A. (Algeria), Meddah B.( Morocco), Melhaoui A. ( Morocco), Merati N. (Algeria), Mesli A. ( Algeria), Mushfik M. ( India), Nefati M. (Tunisia), Ouahrani M. R. (Algeria), Oueld Hadj M.D. (Algeria), Pons J.M. ( France), Radi A. (Morocco), Rahmouni A. (Algeria), Reddy K.H. ( South Africa), Reza Moein M. (Iran), Rhouati S. (Algeria), Roussel C. (France), Saidi M. (Algeria), Salgueiro L.D (Portugal), Salvador J. A. (Spain), Seghni L. (Algeria), Sharma S. ( India), Sidiqi S. K. ( India), Souri E. ( Turkey), Tabcheh M. (Lebanon), Tabti B. (Algeria), Taleb S. (Algeria), Tazerouti F. (Algeria), Vantyune N. (France), Villemin D. (France), Yayli N. (Turkey), Youcefi M. (Algeria), Ziyyat A. (Morocco), Zouieche L. (Algeria), Zyoud A.H. (Palestine).

Guidelines for the publication of manuscripts in PhytoChem & BioSub Journal (ISSN 2170 – 1768) PhytoChem & BioSub Journal (PCBS Journal) is a periodical dedicated to the publication of original scientific work, reviews, and communications in the field of of Phytochemistry & Bioactives Substances. Contributions in all areas at the interface of Chemistry, Pharmacy, Medicine and Biology are welcomed. Submission of an article to the PCBS Journal implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors. The PCBS Journal reserves the right to submit all received manuscripts to ad hoc referees, whose names will be kept confidential, and will have the authority to decide on the pertinence for acceptance. Referees may send back manuscripts to Editor-in-Chief, for transmission to the author(s) with suggestions for necessary alterations, which are to be made in order to conform to the standards and editorial rules of the Journal. All manuscripts should be prepared in MS-Word format, and submitted online to [email protected]. Upon receipt of paper submission, the Editor sends an E-mail of confirmation to the corresponding author within 1-4 working days. The Editors reserve the right to edit or otherwise alter all contributions, but authors will receive proofs for approval before publication. If you have any questions, please contact with the editor of the journal at the same E mail The manuscript should be on A4 size paper, double spaced using Times New Roman size 12 font, fully justified, with margins of 2 cm and should be arranged in the following order: Title: Concise and informative, in accordance with the contents of the article. ( Times New Roman; Size: 14, Blod.) Author’s names and affiliations: Please indicate the given name and family name clearly (Times New Roman; Size-12; Italic). Present the authors' affiliation addresses below the names (Times New Roman; Size-11; Italic). Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name, and, if available, the e-mail address, and telephone number of each author. Abstract: A concise and factual abstract is required with 200 or less words highlighting the most important information, including the methodology, results, and conclusions that allows readers to evaluate their interest in the article and thus avoiding the reading of the full work (Times New Roman; Size-12; Italic). Keywords: Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 7 keywords, avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (Times New Roman; Size-12; Italic). Introduction: Should clearly establish the objectives of the work and its relationship with other works in the same field Material and Methods: Description of the Material and the Methods used should be brief, and clear enough to make possible the comprehension and the reproducibility of the work.

Results and Discussion: Should be presented with a personal discussion or interpretation, and whenever possible, be accompanied by adequate tables and figures and the discussion must be restricted to the significance of the data presented. Figures, Tables and Structural Formulas are included in the text. Acknowledgements: (optional item) References: Should be standardized to conform to the requirements of the journal. Preferentially use references that can be accessed by the readers worldwide.

PhytoChem & BioSub Journal Peer-reviewed research journal on Phytochemistry & Bioactives Substances

ISSN 2170 - 1768

PCBS Journal

Volume 9 N° 1 POSL

2015

Edition LPSO Phytochemistry & Organic Synthesis Laboratory http://www.pcbsj.webs.com https://sites.google.com/site/phytochembsj/ Email: [email protected]

PhytoChem & BioSub Journal Vol. 9(1) 2015 ISSN 2170-1768 CAS-CODEN:PBJHB3

PhytoChem & BioSub Journal

2015 Vol. 9 No. 1

ISSN 2170-1768

Antimicrobial Activity of Aerial Part Crude Extracts from the Saharan plant Anabasis aretioides 

3

Amina Amari 1, Abdelkrim Cheriti 1 , Nasser Belboukhari 2, Kandappa H. Reddy & Patrick

Govender 3 1

Phytochemistry& Organic Synthesis Laboratory Bioactive Molecules & Chiral Separation Laboratory University of Bechar, 08000Bechar, Algeria 3 Dept. of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences Westville, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa 2

Received: December 1, 2014; Accepted: February 25, 2015 Corresponding author Email [email protected]

Copyright © 2015‐POSL  DOI:10.163.pcbsj/2015.9.1.14 

Abstract. The antimicrobial activity of several crude extracts from the aerial parts of Anabasis aretioides was investigated by the disc diffusion method. The S. aureus, C. albicans and S. cereviceae Bacteria showed good efficiency in bacterial activity with most of the tested extract.

Key Words: Antimicrobial activity, Anabasis aretioides, Medecinal plants, Sahara

Introduction Anabasis aretioides a medicinal plant belongs to Chenopodiaceae family that comprises more than 400 species. The plant A. aretioides distributed over a vast area of the desert and especially in the south west Algeria [1-4]. Bedouins used as food for their livestock, especially when it is green. In Saharan ethnopharmacopae, the specie is used to treat a urinary tract infection, rheumatism, asthma and bronchitis [5, 6]. Due to the notable medicinal value of Anabasis aretioides, it was considered of interest to carry out a phytochemical and antimicrobial investigation of this specie, thus, the aerial parts of this plant were studied and the results leading to the antimicrobial screening are presented this communication. Materias and methods Plant materials and extraction. Anabasis aretioides was collected in march 2014 from Boukais a locality about 50 km from Bechar city ( Figure 1), specie is identified by Pr A. Maarouf ( Naama University). A

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PhytoChem & BioSub Journal Vol. 9(1) 2015 ISSN 2170-1768 CAS-CODEN:PBJHB3

voucher specimen is deposited in the herbarium of Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory (LPSO) of Bechar University under the number CA00/42.

Fig 1: The endemic Saharan medicinal plant: Anabasis aretioides The milled, dried aerial parts was extracted exhaustively by using a soxhlet apparatus with several solvent (Water, Methanol, Heptane, Acetone, Dichlorometane, Diethyl ether,Chloroform) for 6 h at reflux. The yields of extraction after evaporisation of solvents are indicated below: Water (10%), Methanol (.8.3%), Heptanes (7.2%), Acetone (4.5%), Dichloromethane (9%), Diethyl ether (5.4%), Chloroform ( 9.3%). Activity Evaluation. Used microorganisms. Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Enterococcus faecium (ATCC 6569), Bacillus subtilis ATCC 9372), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027), Escherichia coli (ATCC 4157), Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC 4352), Bordetella bronchiseptica (ATCC 4617), Candida albicans (ATCC 24433), Saccharomyces cereviceae (ATCC 2601) obtained from CRD – Saidal (El Harrach , Algeria) Antimicrobial sensitivity test. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar well diffusion method. Sterile 6.0 mm diameter blank disk were used to impregnate of several dilutions of the extracts. Extract impregnated discs were placed on agar and incubated either 37°C for 24 to 48h for bacteria or 25°C for 24h for fungus. Antibacterial activities were then measured indicated by the clear zones of inhibition. The results were compared with antibiotic drugs [6-9]. Results and discussion We notice that the antibacterial activity is good in the case of S. aureus Bacteria including most of the tested extracts compared to E.faecium Bacteria which has an accepted efficiency 15

PhytoChem & BioSub Journal Vol. 9(1) 2015 ISSN 2170-1768 CAS-CODEN:PBJHB3

in the case of water and methanol extracts. The rest extracts show no activity since they are non sensitive. For the B. subtilis Bacteria, it has no activity for all the tested extracts.

Table 1. Antimicrobial activity of extracts from aerial parts of Anabasis aretioides Diameter of Inhibition zone (mm) Microorganisms ATCC

S.a 6538

E.f B.s 6569 9372

P.a 9027

E.c 4157

K.p 4352

B.b 4617

C.a 24433

S. c 2601

Water 16 15 Methanol 15 15 Hepthane 19 10 20 12 Acetone 22 44 19 Dichloromethane 18 7 15 10 Diethyl Ether 15 5 34 24 Chloroform 17 18 S.a: Staphylococcus aureus, E.f: Enterococcus faecium, B.s: Bacillus subtilis, P.a : Pseudomonas aeruginos, E.c: Escherichia coli, K.p: Klebsiella pneumoniae, B.b: Bordetella bronchiseptica, C.a: Candida albicans , S.c: Saccharomyces cereviceae.

Concerning the tested Gram negative Bacteria such as P. aeruginosa, E.coli and B. bronchiseptica, it has no efficiency with all the tested extracts. But for the K .pneumoniae the antibacterial activity is weak with Dichloromethane, Diethyl Ether extracts but good with Hepthane, Chloroformtested extracts. In the case of C. albicans and S. cereviceae the antifungal activity is good with the tested extracts: Acetone, Diethyl Ether, Heptane and Dichloromethane. But with the tested extracts Water, Methanol and Chloroform the activity was not observed (Table 1). Conclusion. The extracts from the Saharan medicinal plant Anabasis aretioides showed good antimicrobial activities against S. aureus, C. albicans and S. cereviceae . However the rest of bacteria were non sensitive. Acknowledgments We are grateful to the responsible of microbiology laboratory, CRD – Saidal, El Harrache, Algiers.

References [1] Ozenda, P., 1991. "Flore and végétation of the Sahara". Paris :French National Center for scientific Research ;3rd ed. [2] Cheriti, A., N. Belboukhari and S. Hacini, 2004. "Ethnopharmacological Survey and Phytochemical Screening of Some Medicinal Plants of Algerian Sahara". Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 3: 51.

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PhytoChem & BioSub Journal Vol. 9(1) 2015 ISSN 2170-1768 CAS-CODEN:PBJHB3

[3] Cheriti, A. 2000, « Etude éthnopharmacologique sur les plantes médicinales de la région sud ouest Algérien », rapport CRSTRA, Alger. [4] Cheriti A., Talhi M. F., Belboukhari N., Taleb S., 2011 “Copper Ions Biosorption properties of Biomass derived from Algerian Sahara plants”, in Expanding issues in Desalination, Edited by Robert Y. Ning, InTech Publishers, ISBN 978-953-307-624-9. [5] Belboukhari, N. and A. Cheriti, 2013. "Phytochemical Investigation of Anabasis aretoids”, Ann Univ. Bechar, Vol 13, 142. [6] Boulenouar N., Marouf A., Cheriti A. and Belboukhari N; 2012 “Medicinal Plants Extracts as Source of Antifungal Agents against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis.” Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, ,14 (3): 659. [7] Belboukhari, N. and A. Cheriti, 2006. "Phytochemical Investigation of the Bioactive extract from Launeae arborescens". Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 9 (15): 2930-2932 [8] Berreghioua, A., A. Cheriti and N. Belboukhari, 2014. “Antibacterial activity of Zilla macroptera extracts from Algerian Sahara” Phytochem & Biosub Journal. vol.8 (2), 92-96. [9] Cheriti A., Belboukhari M., Belboukhari N. &Djeradi H.; 2012. “ Phytochemical and biological studies of Launaea Cass. Genus (Asteracea) from Algerian sahara”, Current Topics in Phytochemistry, Vol 11, 67.

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PhytoChem & BioSub Journal Peer-reviewed research journal on Phytochemistry & Bioactives Substances

ISSN 2170 - 1768

ISSN 2170-1768

POSL

Edition LPSO - Phytochemistry & Organic Synthesis Laboratoryhttp://www.pcbsj.webs.com https://sites.google.com/site/phytochembsj/ Email: [email protected]