,e;jpa tuyhW 10>12- Mk; tFg;G ,e;jpa tpLjiy Nghuhl;lk; Ke;jpa epiy

fhe;jpa rfhg;jk;

(1885 – 1919)

(1920 – 47)

kpjthjpfs;

jPtputhjpfs;

(1885 – 1905)

(1905 – 1919)

1885 - ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu];

1905 – tq;f gphptpid (RNjrp) (fHrd;)

A.O. `pA+k; - Kk;ig

1906 – K];yPk; yPf; (Dec 30) (ryp Ky;yfhd;) jdpj; njhFjp

W.C. ghdH[p jiyik

1907 - #uj; gpsT

72 gpujpepjpfs; jhjh gha; nesNuh[p - ,.KJik kdpjH RNue;jpu ehj; ghdH[p – (gHf;) – Park

NfhfNy

jpyfH

kjd; Nkhfd; khstpah – murpay; gpr;ir M.G. uhdNl (ePjpgjp)

1909 – kpz;Nlh – khHyp (K];yPk; jdp njhFjp)

Nfh.fp.NfhfNy

1916 – jd;dhl;rp ,af;fk;

ngNuh\h Nkj;jh G. Rg;ukzpa ma;ah; – 1885- Kk;ig 1886 – fy;fj;jh 1887 – nrd;id Nehf;fk;

(RNjr kpj;ud; The Hindu)

jpyfH

md;dpngrd;l;

(Nfrhp)

(maHyhe;J)

(G+dh)

epA+ ,e;jpah nrd;id

1916 – yf;Ndh xg;ge;jk; (K];yPk; yPf; + jPtputhjk;)

gpujpepjpj;Jtk;

(fhq;fpu]; + K];yPk; yPf;)

fy;tp

([.NeU + fhe;jp) re;jpg;G

gj;jphpf;if Rje;jpuk;

1919 – khz;NlF-nrk;];NghHL (,ul;il Ml;rp)

NjHT

(Mq;fpNyh - ,e;jpah> rPdh> fpNuf;fk; jdpnjhFjp)

caH gjtp thp> ,uhZt nryT Fiwg;G

1919 – khHr; - nusyl; rl;lk; (laH) 1919 – Vg;uy; - [hypad; thyhghf; gLnfhiy

fhe;jpa rfhg;jk; (1920 – 1947) (1920 – 47) (Oct 19 – fpyhgj; jpdk;) 1920 – fpyhgj; ,af;fk; myp rNfhjuHfs; (Kjy; cyfg; Nghhpy; JUf;fp Njhy;tp> fypgh mtkhdk;) fhe;jp MjuT (Nov 23) 1920 – xj;Jioahik ,af;fk; (Dec) Jwg;G

milg;G

vjpHg;G

(gl;lk;)

(fil)

(thp)

1922 – nrshp nrsuh (2.kP) (Feb 11)

(Nfhuf;G+H)

1923 – Rauh[;a fl;rp (cj;jpu gpuNjrk;) (Jan 1) (C.R. jh];> Nkhjpyhy; NeU) 1927 – irkd; FO (7 NgH) 1928 – (Oct 30) yhyh y[gjp uha; (Kk;ig) 1929 – yh$H khehL (NeU) G+uz Rje;jpuk; 1930 - brk;gH 31> te;Nj khjuk; 1930 – [dthp 26> nfhb (3) 1930 – cg;G rj;jpahfpufk; Jan 26

- 78 NgH – rNuh[pdp

March 12 - 400 fp.kP – jz;b (200 iky;) April 16 -

- Vg;uy; 6 – uh[h[p 1930 – Kjy; tl;l Nkir khehL 1931 - ,uz;lhk; tl;l Nkir khehL (fhe;jp-,Htpd; xg;ge;jk;) 1932 - %d;whk; tl;l Nkir khehL (G+dh xg;ge;fk;)

1935 - ,e;jpa muR rl;lk; -

,ul;il Ml;rp xopg;G khfhzk; - jd;dhl;rp kj;jpapy; $l;lhl;rp kj;jpapy; + khfhzk; - ePjpkd;wk; hprHt; tq;fp

fhgpdl; J}J FO (fphpg;]; mnyf;rhe;jH yhud;]; - 4 ,e;jpaH) fhq;fpu]; - 214 – 205> K];yPk; – 78 – 73 ntw;wp 1946 - ,ilf;fhy muR ([tH`yhy; NeU – Sep 2) 1947 – nksTz;l; Ngl;ld; jpl;lk; (,e;jpah – ghfp];jhd;) (June 3) - ,e;jpa tpLjiy rl;lk; (July 18) - Aug 15 – tpLjiy nksTz;l; Ngl;ld; - Rje;jpu ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; jiyik MSeH [tH`yhy; NeU

- Kjy; gpujkH

,uh[h[p

- ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; ,e;jpa jiyik MSeH

vy;iy

- uhl; fpspg; (,e;jpah – ghfp];jhd;)

1948 – fhe;jp Rlg;gl;lhH (Jan 30 )nly;yp 1919 – [hypad; thyhghf; gQ;rhg; - mkpHjru]; - G+q;fh (April – 13) General laH (Tyre) Dr.rj;jpaghy;> Dr. rha;GjPd; fpr;Y – ifJ ,utPe;jHehj; jh$H – iel;Tl; gl;lk; Jwg;G fhe;jp – nfa;rH - `pe;j; gl;lk; Jwg;G Round – 10 -15, Rw;Wfs; 379 – Died , ,wg;G 1137 – wounded, gLfhak;

1954 - gpnuQ;R gFjp ghz;br;Nrhp> fhiuf;fhy;> kh`p> Vdhk;> re;jpu eh$H 1961 – NghHr;RfPrpaH gFjp Nfhth> ilA+> lhkd; 1940 – jdpehL Nfhhpf;if (KfkJ myp [pd;dh) Mf];L ed;nfhil (ypd;ypj;Nfh gpuG) 1942 – fphpg;]; J}J FO (July) nlhkpdpad; me;j];J> fhe;jp – fhNrhiy nts;isaNd ntspNaW - 1942 nra; - nrj;J kb (fhe;jp Kof;fk;) INA - ,e;jpa Njrpa uhZtk; Rgh\; re;jpu Ngh]; 1938 – fhq;fpu]; jiytH 1939 – Kw;Nghf;F fl;rp 1942 – gHkh nrd;whh; 1943 – rpq;fg;G+H July 2 - ,uh\;gpfhhp Ngh]; ,e;jpa tpLjiy fofk; Nejh[p – jiytH (nghUs;) Kof;fk; - n[a;`pe;j; 1945 - Aug 18 – Delhi salo nly;yp Nehf;fp nry; Aug 8 – rpiw (fhe;jp – G+dh) (NeU> m.f. Mrhj; - mfkJ efH) 1944 – tpLjiy (538 Jg;ghf;fp #L> 60>299-rpiw)

gl;Nly; - rHjhH ty;ygha; gl;Nly; ,Uk;G kdpjH 565 – RNjrp ehLfs;

3

+ 562

fh\;kPH> [Pdhfj;> i`juhghj; (1948) ,e;jpahtpd; gp];khHf;

Dr.mk;Ngj;fhH (tiuT FO jiytH) 1950 – Jan 26 FbauR murpay; mikg;G Dr.,uhN[e;jpu gpurhj; (eph;za rig jiytH)

fhrd; gpuG (1899 – 1905) 1902 – gy;fiyf;fof FO 1904 – gy;fy;fiyf; rl;lk; 1902 – fhtyH gapw;rp gs;sp (,uhZtk;) khfhz fhty; gzp Jiw 1899 – fy;fj;jh khefuhl;rp 1904 – njhy;nghUs; rpd;dk; rl;lk;

1905 – tq;f gphptpid (July 4) fpof;F – m];]hk;> lhf;fh jiyefh; Nkw;F – nfhy;fj;jh jiyefh;

gphpl;b\; ehlhSkd;w nghJ kf;fs; mitapy; Kjy; ,e;jpah – DBN jhjh gha; nesNuh[p

fhe;jp FU – NfhghyfpU\;z NfhfNy 1908 - ,e;jpa gzpahsH fofk; (1985-1905) – fhq;fpu]; jiytH jPtputhj jiytH jpyfH – Nyhf; khd;a – kuhl;lh-Nfrhp – 1908 – khz;l;Ny rpiw yhy; - gQ;rhg; rpq;fk; (1928 – irkd; FO) – 1916 – Home Rule Movement ghy; - kpkpd; re;jpu ghy; - te;Nj khjuk; mutpe;j Nfh\; - RNjrp – Md;kPfk; - ghz;br;Nrhp – mutpe;jH Mrpukk; tq;fhsk; - MDrpyhd; rkpjp> [Pfe;jH kfhuh\;buh – rthHf;fH – mkpdt ghuj; rq;fk; nrd;id – ePyfz;l gpuk;kr;rhhp – ghuj khjh gQ;rhg; - m[Pj;rpq; - ufrpa mikg;G yz;ld; - \pahk;[p fpU\;z tHkh kjd;yhy; jp];uh rthHf;fH V.V.S. ma;aH T.S.S uh[d;

mnkhpf;fh – yhyh `H jahs; (fhjH fl;rp) 1906 – nfhy;fj;jh khehL RNjrp (D.B.N) 1917 – khz;NlF mwpf;if (jd;dhl;rp) 1921 – Nty;]; gpuG ,e;jpah tUif 1922 – March 10 fhe;jp ifJ 1923 – Nov. rl;lkd;w NjHjy; 1925 – C.R. jh]; kiwT (June) 1930 – irkd; FO mwpf;if ntspapl;L khepy Ra Ml;rp ghpe;Jiu

(1935 rl;lk;-Kd;Ndhb) 1928 – NeU mwpf;if (Feb) gpHfd; n`l; - rthy; [pd;dh 14 mk;r Nfhl;ghLfs; 1932 – uhk;Nr nkf;nlhdhy;l; tFg;G thj gpujpepjpj;Jtk; jdp egH rj;jpahfpufk;> jdp njhFjp.

tpLjiy ,af;fj;jpy; jkpofk; NtY}H fyfk;

RNjrp ,af;fk;

1806 July 9

v.o.c – J}j;Jf;Fb fg;gy; 1906 - 40 Mz;L nrf;F

jpg;G kfs; jpUkzk;

R.rpth – 1908. jp.Ntyp fyfk; (njhO) (6 Mz;L)

II- kfd; gNjf; i`jH

R.ghujp - ,e;jpah – ghy ghujk;

jsgjp mf;dpA+

1911 – thQ;rp ehjd; - M\; nfhiy

(Gjpa jiyg;ghif)

1915 – epA+ ,e;jpah – md;dpngrz;l;

kzpnahr;rp June 17

xj;Jioahik

nts;isaNd ntspNaW

nghpahH – itf;fk; tPuH (1924)

1935 rl;lk;

irkd; FO – 1929

1937 NjHjy; fhq;fpu]; ntw;wp

rj;jpa %Hj;jp jiyik

1939 fhq;fpu]pypUe;J gjtp tpyfy; (II world war)

1930 – Ntjhuz;ak; (,uh[h[p) Trichy – Tanjore April 15 – 28 jpUg;G+H – nfhb fhj;j Fkud; ehkf;fy; - uhkypq;fk; gps;is ‘fj;jpapd;wp uj;jk;…’

ePjp fl;rp (1916 – 1937) njd;dpe;jpa ey chpikf; fofk; T.M.ehaH + jpahfuha nrl;bah Tamil - jpuhtpld; Telugu - Me;jpu gpufhrpfh English – Justice (Party) 1920>23> 26> 30> 32> 34 – Ml;rp 1925 – Me;jpuh gy;fiyf; fofk; 1929 – mz;zhkiy gy;fiyf; fofk; 1921 – ngz;fSf;F thf;Fhpik> Njtjhrp xopg;G

nrd;id kfh[d rig (1884) 1852 - `hHyp> yl;Rkp euR nrl;b nrd;id RNjrp rq;fk; 1884 – S. uhkrhkp KjypahH B. mde;jh rhUY ,uq;ifah ehAL 1896 – fhe;jp ciu 1894 - nghd;tpoh – NeU ciu 1920 – fhq;fpu]; ,izg;G 1930 – cg;G rj;jpahfpufj;jpy; gq;Nfw;G

v];.rj;jpa %Hj;jp FU – fhkuhrH (rPlh;) 1930 – jkpo;ehL fhq;fpu]; jiytH 1939 – nrd;id NkaH (G+z;b ePH Njf;fk;)> rj;jpa %Hj;jp rhfH> rj;jpa %Hj;jp gtd;

uh[h[p (rhzf;fpaH) (Young India) 1937 – nrd;id kfhz Kjyikr;rH ,e;jp nkhop MjuT 1939 – gjtp uh[pdhkh 1952 – FU Fy fy;tp 1906 – fy;fj;jh khehL jiyik 1907 - #uj; khehl;by; gq;Nfw;G 1930 – Ntjhuz;ak; (cg;G rj;jpahfpufk;)

fhkuhrH muriu cUthf;FgtH fhkuhrH jpl;lk; - K Plan 1929 – fhq;fpu]; cWg;gpdH (1930> 40> 42> 47) - 9 Mz;Lfs; Kjyikr;rh;

nghpahH 1944 – ePjpf;fl;rp KbT 1925 – Ra khpahij ,af;fk; 1944 – jpuhtplH fofk; njhlf;fk; ,e;J tpjitfs; kWkz rl;lk;

t.c.rp.gps;is gpwg;G - xl;lgplhuk; njhopy; - tof;FiuQH tpahghu rq;fk;> njhopyhsH mikg;G RNjrp jHk rq;f nerthspfs; rq;fk;> RNjrp $l;LwT mq;fhb RNjrp fg;gy; epWtdk;> J}j;Jf;Fb – nfhOk;G fg;gy; Nghf;Ftuj;J