Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
Non-Profit Org.
U. S. POSTAGE
PAID 2020 S. E. SALMON STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON 97214
Portl1nd, Or99on Permit No. 999
St . 1t,, ,..,L· ').l c!:;on Dept. or' Geology & Mineral .Tudust, 1069 C."tnte Office Bldg. Cit y 97201
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY 1967 ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE COMKITTEE PRESIDENT Mr. Ralph S. Mason
3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace
Portland, 97221
244-2106
VICE PRESIDENT Mr. Donald D. Barr
12438SWOrchardHUl Rd.
LakeOswego, 97034
246-2785
SEcRETARY Mrs. Robert Waiste
133 S. E. 27th Ave.
Portland, 97214
235-4320
TREASURER Mr. George R. Dahlin
Rt. 1, Box 150
Orchards, Wn. 98662 892-3427
DIRECTORS Mr. C. Truman L. Murphy
Mr. George W. Walters
P ASr PRESIDENTS Mr. Fred E . Miller
Mr. Lloyd A. Wlloox
Mr. Mark Perrault
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER EDITOR Mrs. Clair F. Stahl
3235 N. E. 61st Ave.
Portland, 97213
281-2220
BUSINESS MANAGER Mr. Robert F. Wilbur
2020 S. E. Salmon St.
Portland, 97214
235-7284
3235 N. E. 61at Ave.
Portland, 97213
281-2220
Kr. Paul E. Dwm
6124 N. E. Mallory Ave.
Portland, 97211
285-5008
LIB1lAJUAN Ilia• Clara L. Bartholomay
1620 N. E. 24thAve., Apt306
Portland, 97232
284-8986
LIBRARY NIGHT Dr. Francia G. Gilchrist
0&'4 S. W. Palatine Bill Rd.
Portland, 1'1219
636-6942
LUNCHEONS Mr. Leo F. Simon
7006 S. E. 21st Ave.
Portland, 1'1202
236-050
MEMBERSHIP Mn. Richard A. Cook Mrs. Ernest A. Hanson
2006 S. W. Sunset Blvd. 4438 N. E. Royal Court
Portland, 97201 Portland, 97213
2"-5026 234-6994
PUBLICATIONS Mias Shirley M. 0 'Dell
4710 S. E . Stark St. Apt 7
Portland, 1'1215
234-2318
PUBLICITY Mrs. Laurette Kenney
4125 S. E. Gladstone St.
Portland, 97202
775-5697
TELEPHONE Miss Hazel F. Zimmer Mias Ruby M. Zimmer
805 S. E . 60th Ave. 805 S. E. 60th Ave.
Portland, 97215 Portland, 97215
236-8319 236-8319
ADVDDRY COMMITTEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS Dr. Arthur C. Jones 3300 S. W. Heather Lane
Portland, 97201
222-3100
HJSTORIAN Mias Rowena Hoven
1007 S. E. 21st Ave.
Portland, 97214
234-9005
ACTIVrdES CBAJBllEN
FIELD TRIPS Kr. Clair F. Stabl PROGRAMS
HOSPITALITY Krs. N. Brice Washburn OMSI EXHIBIT Mr. C. Truman L. Murphy
2905 S. W. 209th Ave.
Aloha, 97006
&'4-7609
2027 N. E. Wasco St.
Portland, 97232
282-2027
OMSI FACILITIES Mr. Ralph S. Mason
3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Portland, 97214
235-4320
PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Mr. Robert Waiste 133 S. E . 27th Ave.
JANUARY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Vol. 34, No . 1
97
G. S. 0 . C. CALENDAR FOR JANUARY 1968 Every Thursday
LUNCHEON - Y. M. C.
A.. , 831 S. W, pth Avenue ,
Po~tland , Oregon
12:00 M. - Now is the tillle to start the year right and plan to a ttend som e of the Thursday luncheons. Select your food (as little as coffee or ice ' cream if you so desire) at the cafeteria on the main floor , then turn r ight and go straight back to the Mountain Room. This is an informal ge ttogether, and you can listen to some one else, or you can tell about your trip, or show geological specimens. Everybody may participate . Give it a try. Further information may be obtained from Mr. Leo F. Simon, Luncheons Chairman. Telephone: 236-0549.
January 12
LECTURE - Public Library, 801SW10th Avenue, Portland, Oregon
7: 30 P . M. - An illustrated armchair tour of the northwest entitled, "The Landscape of the Oregon Country", showing the range of mood and variety of form , with comments on the geomorphology will be given by our well known GSOC member, Mr . Hugh Owen. January 16
LIBRARY NIGHT - Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon 7:30 P . M. - The first hour is reserved for browsing and reading. Libraria n Clara Bartholomay is on hand to check out books to be taken home. Some excellent new material is on the shelves . Library is located on the upper floor of Peebles Hall . 8: 30 P . M. - Clair Stahl will present a study of invertebrate fossils of the Messozoic and later eras with e mphasis on gastropods (snails) and pelecypods (clams) that are found in Oregon as fossils and as living examples. Me mbers are invited to bring applicable spe cimens (identified or not). Coffee hour will follow. · For further information telephone Dr. Francis G. Gilchrist, Library Night Chairman at 656-5942.
January 26
LECTURE - Public Library , 801SW10th Avenue_,. Portland, Oregon 7:30 P . M. - "New Power for Oregon" . Mr. Don Broehl of Portland Gene r al Electric Company will-talk ab~ut P.GE 's new power plant and will show a movie on atomic power generation.
January 28
FIELD TRIP - Portland Area. Trip leader Dr. Francis Gilchrist. 10: 00 A. M. (Rain or shine) Assemble in the Carnival Drive-In parking lot at 2805 SW Sam Jackson Park Road-just west of Terwilliger Blvd. Don't plan on having breakfast there, they 'll be closed. Dr. Gilchrist wi ll point out and discuss some of Portland's geologic fea:tur·e s. Bring your lunch ,. "G" pick, and rain gear if indicated. Suggested reading is (1) Ore Bin 1 Vol. 26, No. 12. December 1964 . (2) Geology of Portland Oregon a nd Adjacent Areas . U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin No . 1119, by D. E. T rimble .
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
Vol. 34, No . 1
NEWS OF MEMBERS By Lillian ?yiiller . EMILY MOLTZNER has a new address . She is now at the Gladstone Nursing Home , 1315 Webster Road , Gladstone , Oregon 97027 . She is feeling better and would like company . FRANK and JULIA NICHOLS send Greetings : 0 A M:n:'cy' Christmas and a Happy New Year to all our good friends of last summer's campout. We will long remember the wonderful time we had at Tilly Jane. Best wishes to all of the GSOC 'S. " Recently MAY DUNN returned from a most thrilling and rewarding two-week trip. She spent seven days in Yucatan, Mexico, visiting the pyramids and te mples of the Mayan civilization. She flew to Merida, the capital of Yucatan; took a limousine to Chichen-Itza to see the Sacrificial Well , and stopped next at Uxmal. The s econd week found her in Mexico City . She liked the climate at 7400 feet . The high point here was her visit to the Anthropological and Archaeological Museum, a very new and very modern building. Artificats from the ruins are on display here, and MAY spent hours viewing the exhibits.
*********** MEMBERSHIP ROSTER name
street address
ALLISON , Mr. & Mrs . Andrew M.
3512 "F" Street
/
:.: cjty
state
telephone
;v:ancouv~r ,
Wash. 98663
11595 S. W. Greenburg Rd.Tigard,
.Ore . .. 97225
BEEMAN, Joyce
.11595 S. W. Greenburg Rd Tigard,
Ore.
FARRENS, Mr. & Mrs. William C.
BARNUM,
Sara Jane
97225
639-3353
1932 S. W. Edgewood Rd.
Portland, Ore. 91201
223-7471
MILLER, Mr. & Mrs . Grover L.
307 S. W. Hamilton St.
Portland, Ore. 97201
228 -3581
PIGG, Mr. & Mrs. J. Doyle
8150 S.W. Birchwood .Rd l>ortland, Ore. 97225
292-1183
PUZISS, Dr . Abe
ll03 Oregon National Bldg Portland, Ore. 97205
227-4134
RAMSDELL, Mr. & Mrs . V ittz .James
3011 S. E . BybreBlvd.
RANSMEIER , Dr: & Mrs . (Jr. ) Robert E .
975S. W. EnglewoodDr. ·LakeOswego , Ore . 97034 246-5787
KREMERS, Jessie
Portland, Ore. 97202 775-6544
TWEEDLE, Mr. T . W. JOHNSON, Mr. & Mrs. Lawrence T .
16485 SW Royalty Parkway Tigard, Ore.
97223
639- 4993
ADDRESS CHANGES YANTIS, Mr. & Mrs . Luthe r
13505 S. E . Rive r Road
Milwaukie,
97222
654 - 3171
FESSENDEN, Miss Marjorie 686 - Third St. , Apt. 3 Lake Oswego , 97034
63 6- 8369
JANUARY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34, No 1
99 -
A PARA DE 0 F INVERTEBRATE LIFE The animal kingdom is divided up into large groups called phyla. In this article , each phylum will be discussed separately, starting with the most primitive animals and ending with the most advanced. Only the Vertebrates, which includes all animals with a back bone, will be omitted.
PROTOZOA {ONE Ce/..LIE.D Af'/IJ.1A L.5) ~/\/l.A'ITG-t:=.IJ X- 100
fi'Al>I DI-ARIA
FoRAMINIF6RA
PHYLUM PROTOZOA. These~ are one-celled animals varying in size from less than O. 001 of an inch to slightly more than an inch. They are aquatic and mostly microscopic. They consist of a tiny blob of protoplasm containing a nucleus and surrounded by an envelope of organic material. Many of them have one or more flagella (hair-like processes). They obtain nourishment by enveloping and digesting tiny solid particles or by absorption of liquid nourishment thru the cell waU. Reproduction is by simple division or budding, or by union of gametes released by the adults . Most protozoa form shells called tests which may be made of chiton, a substance similar to finger nails, or of grains of sand cemented together, or of calcium carbonate, -or silica.
Fossil protozoa are divided into two principal orders: The Radiolaria which secrete siliceous tests with a radial symmetry, and the Foraminifera, which includes the extinct Fusulinids, and which secrete Cu'f"-AWAY VIEW oF FusUJ.lf'llD calcareous tests. Fossil protozoa are· important guide fossils and have received intensive study by petroleum paleontologists. Fossil Radiolaria are quite common in Pre-Cambrian quartzites of northwestern France. Geololtfc range: Pre-Cambrian to Recent.
100
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
POR/FeRA
Vol34 , No.1
PHYLUM PORIFERA. This phylum includes the spongta a nd sponge-like animals which, next to the protozoa, are the simplest form of animal life. The simple sponge is a vase shaped animal with a doublewall, pierced by hundreds of tiny openings called canals. The inner wall o r endoderm is composed of colla r cells which, with their flagella, cause the water to circulate thru the canals, where food particles are trapped to nourish t he animal. The outside wall or ectoderm is made of a different kind of cells which serve mainly as a protective cover. However, some of these cells are specialized to secrete spicules and some are reproductive cells . Between the walls is a gelatinous material in which the spicules are embedded. These spicules are tiny rods made of spongin, or calcium carbonate, or silica. They serve as a skeleton and may be woven into a frame work or may be separate.
Reproduction is by the union of eggs and sperm, after which the ASTYLOSPON
JANUARY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34, No. 1
COELENTERATA ( CoYa /.s, e.tc )
101
PHYLUM COELENTERATA. Coelenterates are the simplest kind of animals having well developed body tissues. They have no respiratory or excretory organs, no central nervous system or circulatory system. They do have a mouth thru which food is taken in and waste products are expelled. The mouth is surrounded by tentacles which are equipped with stinging cells. These are used to paralyze and capture small animals for food.
Chief groups are the sea anemones, jelly fish, the hydroids, and the corals . Only the corals CQ R /.\L, H YDROID will be discussed here, since they are the most important to the fossil collector. The coral animal is known as a polyp and lives in an exoskeleton called a corallite. This is a calcareous, cupshaped structure which is attached to the sea bottom or other solid anchorage. Many of the great reefs in the world's oceans have been built by these ;..!ORN CORAL (OlON!Al CORAL little animals which, in most cases, are no more than an inch across. Corals are also responsible for much of the limestone in the earth's crust. The coral polyp shows a preference for warm, clear seas and all of our living corals are found in tropic or sub-tropic seas. One of the distinguishing features of most fossil corals is the presence of septa or partitions in the coralite. These septa are built from the perifery in toward the center. Most of them don't quite reach the center. In many species there are a great many of these septa and the area where the lower part of the animal lives is divided into many small wedge aliapeti·· shaped spaces. Some corals are important guide fossils. Geologic range: Ordovici'an to Recent.
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
102
BRYOZA II
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PHYLUM BRY'OZOA. The Bryozoa are considerably more advanced than the coelenterates, which they resemble in some respects. They are tiny animals, averaging less than 1 mm. or 1/25 iJrch long. They are exclusively colonial and, like the corals, they buildtheir exo-skeleton of calcium carbonate. However, the individual living compartment is much superior to those of the corals. It is large enough so that the animal can pull himself all the way inside and close the door. Then, when he's hungry, he can open the door and stick his neck out so that his mouth and tentacles are in a position to collect food from the open sea. The animal is equipped witha mouth, ~soph~s.. stomach. a.naa U shaped intestine which terminates in an anus. There is a nerve ganglion near the mouth and, altho there is neither heart nor vascular system, there are white corpuscles circulating in the body cavity. There are several sets of muscles, the largest of which are used for propulsion and retraction of the animal
U and from the living compartment.
Most bryozoa are bisexual - they produce both eggs and sperm. Fertilized eggs are lodged on the inner wall of the .CK>mpartment until they develop into free-swimming larva, when they are released into the open sea where they swim around for a while an~ then sink to the bottom and start another colony. All other members of the colony are the result of budding. The skeletons of bryozoa take many different shapes. Some are bra.i:lching, bushy, · or fanshaped. Others are encrusting. Geologic range: Cambrian to Recent.
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34, No. 1
JANUARY 1968
BRACHIOPODA
PEDICLt. VALVE
CROSS ..Sl:-CTJON
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103
PHYLUM BRACHIOPODA. Next on our list of inverte,.. brates are the bra chiopods. Perhaps I should explain about these names ending in POD which is Greek for foot. These names, like many others in zoology and paleontology are meant to be descriptive. We have Brachiopod - armfoot; Gastropod - stomach foot; Scaphopod - comb foot; Pelecypod - hatchet foot; and Arthropod - joint foot. Some of these names are a bit farf etched but I guess we're stuck with them, and they could be a whole lot worse. Brachiopods are divided into two principal classes, the Inarticulate and the Articulate. These terms refer to the way in which the two halves of the shell are held together; the inarticulate just by muscles and the articulate with teeth and sockets as well as muscles . These two halves of the shell are known as valves. The shells of brachiopods vary a great deal in size and shape. The little inarticulate, Micromitra, is barely an eighth of an inch across, while some of the
articulates are from three to four inches imdiameter . Now, let's examine the soft parts of the animal. These consist of the body covering or mantle, the mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, genital gland, and intestine. Then there are the Brachia, from which the animal gets its name. They consist of two long tongue-like organs which start from the vicinity of the mouth and extend into the mantle cavity, wher e they are coiled or folded. They are the only part of the animal which can be extended outside the shell and they serve to gather food and carry it into the mouth. The pedicle is a muscular stalk by which the shell is attached to the ocean floor. Brachiopoda are very valuable guide fossils, particularly in the Mesozoic and Paleozoic. Geologic range: Pre-Cambrain to Recent.
104
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
MOLLUSCA
G-4s7Rt>Poo ~11~il)
PELEC YPOD (G ia m)
A 11 PHI l\/E URA ( Cl11fo17)
CupHALOPoD
(Am111011;11z - Nq11ft/o/d) ~
PHYLUM MOLLUSCA. The mollusks constitute one of the most important groups of invertebrates, especially from the standpoint of the paleontologist. They are represented by a large number of diverse and s e emingly unrelated forms, but as we shall see, they are all very closely related. The phylum is divided into five classes, three of which are valuable to the geologist. Before we take up each of these classes, let's examine the animal that builds so many different kinds of shells. I don't mean to imply that the animal that builds the little "tusk shell" also builds the giant clam shell, but they do have a great deal in common. Here, then·, is a list of the body parts common to all mollusks: the mantle, the muscular foot, head, tentacles, eyes, gills, nerve ganglia, heart, liver, kidneys, reproductive organs, mouth, digestive tract, and radula, which is a rasp-like tongue. You will note from this list that the mollusks are much more advanced than any of the animals we have discussed so far.
Now for the five classes. First, the Amphineura or Chiton. He doesn't have much of a shell just a little armor for his back, but he manages to get quite a bit of mileage out of it because it's articulated and he can roll up in it. Not very important as a fossil. Then there's the Scaphopod or "tusk shell" who goes thru life with his head buried in the mud. He makes a nice specimen but is not very important to the paleontologist. Next we come to the Gastropods, who build all of those beautUul conch shells we see in the shell shows. Known to the layman as snails, they have a record extending back to the Cambrian. The number of sizes and shapes of gastropod shells must be astronomical. They live in fresh water as well as marine, 'and even on dry land. Weaver lists 40 pages of gastropods from the marine Tertiary of Oregon and Washington alone. Very imporant as fossils. The Pelecypods are the only class of mollusks whose shell is made in two halves and so are lmown as bi-valves. They include the clams, oysters, scallops, and mussels. The lives of the pelecypods are as varied as the size and shape of their shells. Some, like the oysters, are attached to the botto·m, while others move about boring holes in wood or rock or just burrowing in the sand. Some species are important stratigraphic guides.
JANUARY 1968
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GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34, Na 1
105
Now we come to a class of mollusks which don't act like any of the rest. Instead of slowmoving bottom dwellers, the Cephalopods are fast swimmers. In fact, they are jet-propelled. Unlike other mollusks, they have a small tube mounted on the front of the body and connected to the mantle cavity, thru which they can force a stream of water and thus propel themselves at high speed. The shells are of various shapes, the commonest being the flat spiral like a watch spring. The pearly nautilus is the only living member of the class which builds a shell. The squid and the octopus have left no fossil record but the ammonites, the belemnites, and the nautiloids are very valuable guide fossils . The geologic range of the mollusks: Cambrian to Recent.
ANNE LI DA PHYLUM ANNELIDA. The annelid worm may seem out of place in a discussion of this kind, but he is, after all, an invertebrate and, what is even more important, he is thought to be the ancestor of the mollusks, the anthropods, and the echinoderms. The annelid is equipped with all of the body parts credited to the mollusks, and in addition, a pair of legs for each segment of his body, with some exceptions. Not important as fossils. Geologic range: Pre-Cambrian to Recent .
• SE.crMENT£.D
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flt~ ;//m a/,,/ WtJ Y /11 s q ra.. -dor rd 6u anc o~l.s, a no/ -th(/_ Ecl1111oda. Y l?t s.
108
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
PHYLUM ANTHROPODA.
ARTHROPODA
INSECT
About three fourths of all known kinds of animals , or more than 700, 000 species belong to this phylum. They are divided into five main classes as follows: Trilobites, Insects, Chelicerata, which includes the spiders, scorpions, ticks and mites, Myriapoda - centipedes and millepedes, and Crustacea lobsters, crabs, shrimps, osctrcods and barnacles.
Probably the most important members of this phylum, from the geologist's point of view, are the trilobites and the ostracods ; the trilobites from the lower Cambrian to the end of the Permian and the ostracods from the Ordovician to Recent. The trilobites were a very comT I?!L 0/3 /re plex organism, even at the base of the Cambrian, which would indicate that they must have been evolving for many milJ=.utrYPllD1.'ID lions of years before that. They were not a very large animal, averaging 1-1/2 to 2 inches, but some giants attained a length of 29 inches and some were less than 1/4 inch long.
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JANUARY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34, Na 1
£CH INDDE1fl1ATA
•
A STf{fOID [s-ta'r' Fi.sh)
CR!/l/OID (Seq lily)
/3LAST01D
CY5TO!D £Cl-l/NCJID
•
107
PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA. We always wondered why the Echinoderms were placed ahead of the Arthropods. The sea urchins and star fish surely don't look more advancedthan the ant or the honey bee. However, when you come to examine the animal behind the shell, you find that the echinoderm's nearest relatives are the Hemichordates, which are just one step below the vertebrates, including man. So, don't snear at a Brittle star. He might snear right back at you. You see, he can shuck his legs and grow a new set. Don't you wish you could?
This is not a large phylum. It consists of seven principal
classes and five small and relatively unimportant classes, all of which are extinct. All of the members of this phylum have skeletons made up of calcite plates held together by organic binders . When the animal dies, the plates tend to fall apart and are often scattered. That is why good fossil crinoids are so ~ficult ·to find and command such high prices .
Geologically, the crinoids are probably the most important members of this phylum, because of the great deposits of crinoidal limestone made up of their skeletons. Most crinoids were attached to the sea bottom by a long stem and looked more like a plant than an animal; hence the common name, Sea Lily. They had a small body and long waving arms with which they gathered food from the open sea. Both the crinoids and the sea urchins are important fossils to the stratigrapher. The other classes are relatively unimportant geologically. They are the Star Fish, Brittle Stars, Sea Cucumbers, Blastoids and Cystoids. Geologic range~ Cambrian to Recent.
108
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
HEt1/C HO .RDATA
PHYLUM PROTOCHORDATA SUBPHYLUM HEMICHORDATA Ct!iAPtOJ..ITE..S I ETC The Graptolites are now quite universally conceded to belong to the Himichordates, that little group of animals half way between the invertebrates and the vertebrates. They were a microscopic colonial animal with a chitonous exoskeleton and had world-wide distribution during theOrdovician and Silurian periods . They are usually found as flattened carbon films in black shale. A few of the undistorted skeletons have been etched out of limestone, so that we know pretty well what they looked like. Now, of course, no one ever saw a live graptolite, since they became extinct in Mississippian time, so how do we know what kind of an animal they were? Well, about thirty ye.a rs ago, Mo!VtJORAPTVS DID Yl'1t>Cili'A p TUS scientists studying these skele.:. tons discovered that they were strikingly similar to a littleknown modern animal, the pterobranch, and so, were able to classify the graptolites. It is thought that they either had floats of their own or attached themselves to sea weed and so were carried throughout the world by winds and waves and ocean currents. Because o1 their rapid evolutionary changes and their world-wide distribution, graptolites a re very valuable guide, or index, fossils. I
And that, Fellow Members , is a very much condensed and sketchy description of the ten great phyla of invertebrate animals. It has been gleaned from many volumes on paleontology. We hope that it may be of some small benefit to some of the members in their study of geology.
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JANUARY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Vol. 3•1, No. 1
109
NOMINATIONS FOR 1968 The Nominating Committee, consisting of Mr . Albert J . Keen, Chairman, Dr . Francis Gilchrist, Miss Rowena Hoven, Mr. Leo Simon and Miss Margaret Steere, prese11ts the following slate of nominees for the elective offices of the Society for the year 1968-69: President . . . . Vice President . Secretary . . . . . .. . Treasurer . . . . . . . . . . . Director (3-year term) . . . . Editor of the Newsletter . . . .
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Mr . Donald D. Barr Dr. M. P . Chapman Mrs. Robert Waiste Mr. George R. Dahlin' Miss Clara L . Bartholomay Mrs . Clair F . Stahl
All candidates have agreed to serve the Society in the capacities if_elected. Other nominations may be made by members of the Society by filing with the Secretary, on or before the 25th day of January 1968 , a list of such nominations, which shall be signed by at least ten members of the Society. Mrs. Robert Waiste, Secretary
***** ****** *** 1968 DUES NOW PAYABLE Membership dues in the Society for the year March 1, 1968 - February 2-8, 1969 are now payable and will be received at meetings at the Central Library or checks made out to Geological Society of the Otegon Country may be mailed to the Treasurer, Mr. George R . Dahlin Route 1 , Box 150 Vancouver , Washington 98662 Dues are $10. 00 for those living in Multnomah and adjacent counties , $7 . 00 for all others , and $5. 00 for juniors.
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33RD ANNUAL BANQUET THE SOCIETY URGENTLY NEEDS TWO WILLING PEOPLE to be co-chairmen for the annual banquet. Arrangements for the place have already been made , President Mason has invited a speaker and is awaiting his reply, and our very capable chairmen of last year have graciously offered their advice and assistance if it is needed. The banquet chairmen will make arrangements with a caterer to serve the dinner , choose committees to handle printing of program, set up tables , decorate, etc . , etc . If you are willing, please call Mr. Ralph Mason, 244-2106 , or the Secretary, Mrs . Robert Waiste, 235-4320. Date:
March 8 , 1968
Place: Mayflower Dairy Auditorium, SE 6th & Woodward St.
* * * * * * *** FOUND If the person who left his woolen cap (size 7 -5/ 8) at the banquet last year wishes to retrieve it, he may call the Secretary, Mrs. Waiste, 235-4320.
************
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
•It
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To provide facilities for members of the Society to study· geology, particularly the · geology of the Oregon Country*; the establishment· and maintenance of a library and museum of geological works, maps, and specimens; the encouragement of geological: study among amateurs ; the support and promotion of geologic investigation in the Oregon Country; the designation, preservation, and interpretation of important geological features of the Oregon Country; the development of the mental capacities of its members in the study of geology; and the promotion of better acquaintance and closer association among those engaged in the above activities . · · * The "Oregon Country" is a loose term generally considered, as in the early days, to embrace the states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, western Montana, and southwestern Wyoming.
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MEMBERSHIP QUALIFICATIONS .
.
A member shall be a person at least twenty-one years of age who is interested in and supports the aims and objectives of the Society and who has been r ecommended by the membership committee. A regular membership comprises: (a) a single· person, or (b) a husband and wife with children under eighteen years of age.
A junior member shall be a person at least eighteen, .but not over twenty-one years of age with like qualifications and recommendation. The age limitation may be waived when the person is a regularly enrolled full-"time student of a college or university .who is ·carrying on studies towards a degree. Waiver of-age classification shall not exceed four years. Each paid membership receives one subscription to the Geological News Letter, official publication of the Society. Persons desiring to become members should contact the membership chairman or any officer of the Socie~y. DUES SCHEDULE Annual dues for regular memberships are $10. 00 for residents of Multnomah and adjacent counties (Clackamas, Columbia, Hood River, and Washington Counties of Oregon; Clark and Skamania Counties of Washington). For residents outsid,e of the above .counties, dues are $7. 00. Annual dues for junior members are $5. 00. Payments should be made out to the Geological Society of ·the.Oregon Country. ACTIVITIES · LUNCHEONS
Every Thursday noon.
FIELD TRIPS
Usually one field trip per month via private car caravan or chartered bus. Occasional two-day trips with overnight camping.
LECTURES
Illustrated talks on geology or related subjects. Two lecture meetings each month, the second and fourth Fridays.
LIBRARY NIGHT
The third Tuesday evening of each month.
PUBLICATION
The Geological News Letter, published once each month, is the official publication of the Society.
•
Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
Non-Profit Org.
U. S. POSTAGE
PAID 2020 S. E. SALMON STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON 97214
Portl1nd, Ore9on Permit No. 99~
DEipt;. u: ".;-" J..c:•,3y & Mineral Incus tri
1069 State Off'ice Bldg. City
97201
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY 1967 ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PRESIDENT Mr. Ralph S. Mason
3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace
Portland, 97221
244-2106 .
VICE PRESIDENT Mr. Donald D. Barr
12438 SW Orchard Bill Rd.
LakeOswego, 97034
246-2785
SEcRETARY Mrs. Robert Waiste
133 S. E. 27th Ave.
Portland, 97214
235-4320
TREASURER Mr. George R. Dahlin
Rt. 1, Box 150
Orchards, Wn. 98662 892-3427
DmECTORS Mr. C. Truman L. :Murphy
Mr. George W. Walters
PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Fred E. Miller
Mr. Lloyd A. Wiloox
Mr. Mark Perrault
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER EDITOR Mrs. Clair F. Stahl
3235 N. E. 61st Ave.
Portland, 97213
281-2220
BUSINESS MANAGER Mr. Robert F. Wilbur
2020 S. E. Salmon St.
Portland, 97214
235-7284
3235 N. E. 61st Ave.
Portland, 97213
281-2220
Mr. Paul E. Dwm.
6124 N. E. Mallory Ave.
Portland, 97211
285-5008
L1BllABIAN Iii.ls Clara L. Bartholomay
1620 N. E. 24th Ave., Apt 306
Portland, 97232
284-8986
LIBRARY NIGHT Dr. Francia G. GUchrist
06'4 S. W. Palatine Bill Rd.
Portland, 97219
636-69'2
LUNCHEONS Mr. Leo F. Simon
7006 S. E. 21st Ave.
Portland, 97202
236-0549
Mrs. Richard A. Cook Mrs. Ernest A. Hanson
2006 S. W. Sunset Blvd. 4438 N. E. Royal Court
Portland, 97201 Portland. 97213
2«-6026 23-4-699'
PUBLICATIONS Miss Shirley M. 0 'Dell
4710 S. E. stark St. Apt 7
Portland. 97215
234-2318
PUBLICITY Mrs. Laurette Kenney
4125
Portland, 97202
775-5697
TELEPHONE Miss Hazel F . z·i m.mer Miss Ruby M. Zimmer
805 S. E. 60th Ave. 805 S. E. 60th Ave.
Portland, 97216 Portland, 97216
236-8319 236-8319
ADV!fl)RY COMMITTEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS Dr. Arthur C. Jones 3300 S. W. Heather Lane
Portland, 97201
222-3100
HJSTORIAN Miss Rowena Hoven
1007 S. E. 21st Ave.
Portland, 97214
234-9006
2905 S. W. 209th Ave.
Aloha, 97006
644-7609
2027 N. E. Wasco St.
Portland, 97232
282-2027
3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Portland, 97214
235-4320
ACTIVrrIES CBAIRllEN FIELD TRIPS Mr. Clair F. 8tabl
PROGRAMS
~EKBERSllIP
HOSPITALITY Mrs. N. Brice Washburn OMsI EXHIBIT :Mr. C. Truman L. Murphy OMSI F ACll.ITIES Mr. Ralph S. Mason
s. E.
Gladstone st.
PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Mr. Robert Waiste 133 S. E. 27th Ave.
FEBRUARY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER . Volune 34, Number 2
111
GSOC CALENDAR FOR FEBRUARY 1968 Ever y Thursday
LUNCHEON - Y. M. C. ,A ., 831 .. SW 6th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 12: 00 M. - The Mountain Room off the main cafeteria is the setting for the OSOC weekly luncheon. The spontaneous program may pertain to anything of geologic interest. Mr, Leo Si·mon presides ove-v the luncheons , and remember , Leo ts always in business as far as the Banquet tickets are concerned. Guests and visitors ate always welcome. For further informatio~ call Mr. Leo F . Simon, Luncheons Chairman. Telephone: 236-0549.
February 9 Friday
February 18 Sunday
February 20 Tuesday
LECTURE - Publip Library, 801 SW _10th Aven,u e, Portland, Oregon 7:30 P. M. ... "Geology is for Everybody" . State Geologist and Director of the Oregon Department of .Geology and Mineral Industries, Mr. Hollis M. Dole will give an illustrated discussion of the activities of his depa rtment. FIELD TRIP - Trip leader, Dr.
. . Chapman
10:00 A. M. - Meet at Sherwood High School (not the grade school) . To get to Sherwood from Portland take highway 99W towards Newberg to Six Corners , (about 15 miles) then go south 6/ lOths mile. There is parking in the high school parking lot. Dr . Chapman will show us an area scoured by Pleistocene flood waters from L~k,e Missoula. Suggested reading , U. S. G. S. Bulletin #1119 - Trimble 1 s Geology of Portland and Adjacent Areas. LIBRARY NIGHT - Lewis and Clark College, Portland, Oregon 7:30 p. M. - An hour for browsing and checking out books. " · ClaJ,"a· Bartholomay. ·
Librarian -
8:30 - A workshop on the geology of the Oregon coastline. Bring slides and specimens for study and discussion. 11Headland$, bays, sandspits and dunes , sea .stacks and . terraces - is our coastline sinking or rising?" . ' February 23 Friday
LECTURE - Public Library, 901 SW 10th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 7;30P . 11.J. - Mr. Garth A. Duell, who holds the position of Chief Geologist with ·P acific Power and Light Company, will speak on ·"The Geology of the Centralia Coal Fields in Western Washington". ADVANCE CALENDAR
March 8 Friday
33RD ANNUAL BANQUET - For details see page 116 of this issue.
*********
NEWS OF MEMBERS By Lillian Miller PAUL DUNN recently had surgery.· We are happy to ·report tha t he is home and recuperating nicely . · MEREDITHE. THOMS was named Federal Woman of the Year in P ortland for 1967 by the Portland F e deral Council at a recent luncheon. H e r work in hydrologic investigations has provide d basic .d ata· used· in evaluating present and future hydroelectric power resources in the Columbia Rive r Basin . He r studies hav e a lso 'formed the basis for development of the Columbia River Basin flood control oper~ting plan. ISABELLE D. ALLISON received the same title in 1964 . DR and MRS. VICTOR GREGORY' left Po"rtland in ·1 962 for Washington , D .·c . While there DOLORES, former ·secretary and program chairman of the Geological Society, returned to school and received her M. D. at George Washington Unive rsity School of Medic ine in 1966. The Gregory family has now returne d to Port-land a nd Dolores is ·interning at Pro vidence Hospital.
* ** * * * * MEMBEltSHIP ROSTER Address
Telephone ·.'
NEW MEMBER CHARKOFF, Mr. Arthur
. . 2026 N. E . Clacka ma s St . ., P ortland, 97232
281-1416
ADDRESS CHANGES ':
MERRYMAN, Mr. Frank J .
9318 S. W. 2nd Avenue
P ortland, 97219
246-4494
MORRISON, Mr. and Mrs . William W. "
R oute #2, Box 572
E_sta.cacta·, · 97023
631-2149
* * * * * * OREGON ACADEMY OF SCIENCE TO MEET AT CORVALLIS The Oregon Aca demy of Science w ill hold its annual m eeting on Saturday, F ebruary 24th , at th e Oregon State University at Corvallis. The m eeting will start at 9: 30 a . m. and will continue throughout t he day. P apers will be given on Geology and other branches of sci en ce . The meeting will be open to the public.
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FEBRUARY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , Number 2
113
LAKE OSWEGO AREA FIELD TRIP By Ralph H. Nafziger A crisp and c~ear Sunday, November 19, 1967 , greeted approximately 40 GSOC members for a field trip led by Dr. James C. Stauffer .. Professor of biology at Lewis and Clark College. The group visited the Prosser limonite beds and the Oregon Iron Co . furnace , 'as well as the area south and west of Lake Oswego to study some of tI:ie effects of the Missoula Flood.
First stop was the site of the old Prosser mine. This ·can be seen by driving southwest on Boones Ferry Road, turning left at Twin Fir Road , left again at Wembley Park Road , and then right on Gleneagles Road .· A gate will be visible to the right about .1 /4 mile from the last turn and the outcrop begins a short distance beyond this gate. The beds can be seen on the hill to the north (Iron Mountain) from Iron Mountain Blvd. , and the western portion is visible directly behind the Lake Oswego city water tank. Allen (1941) has attempted to locate the mine and observed three hollows which suggested caved tunnel entrances . Diller (1896) r eported that the mine consisted of "three slightly conve.rging inclines, running down the slope of the bed for nearly a thousand feet .. . " As our group observed, the iron ore is present as a bog deposit of limonite (FeO. OH) , and rests irregularly on top of Columbia River basalt. Above the iron ore is the .Boring Lav.a , and a baked contact zone separates the latter two horizons. According to Diller (1896) , the bed!:; dip northwest 200-30° diminishing downslope to 8°-10°, and strike about E 15° N. Tl~e dip suggests a slight local uplift , according to Dr. Stauffer. Along the outcrop, the iron deposit appears 2-8 feet in thickness , and extends along the strike about one mile and probably 1/ 2 mile northwestward into the hill. The composition of the Prosser ore as reported by Diller (18 96) follows: · Metallic iron (Fe) Silica (Si02) Magnesia (MgO) Manganese (MnO) Lime (CaO) Phosphorus (P) Sulfur (S)
30-45% 7 -15% 2-3% 4-8% 2-4% 0. 37-0. 67% 0. 3-1 %
These limonite ores originated by intense .chemical"weathering, producing decomposition of the basalts during periods of interruption of the extrusions. The original basalts have a high iron content which is released· during the weathering process and usually is converted_· to soluble or colloidal ferrous salts by carbon dioxide in the air, decomposing organisms ,. or organic acids derived from the decomposition of vegetable matter. Insoluble iron precipitates can also be formed simultaneously . . The salts and insoluble precipitates were then transported by streams and/o r moving ground· water· toward a topography of low r elief with · sluggish or stagnant water ,· characteristic of a swamp. Due to environmental changes , the ferrous salts are prec.i pitated,. and the insoluble iron deposited in this setting. Both are subsequently oxidized to limonite. Fine silt and clay sediments were often simultaneously streamdeposited with the ore. This , together with local movement and reworking of the limonite after deposition resulted in an impure bog ore. Molds of plants, leaves , stems , and tree wood, previously growing at the swarnp borders, are also present near the top of the ore deposits in a sandy rock matrix~ Renewed lava' outpourings and volcanic ash emanations provided the bog iron ore deposits with an impervious cover , eliminating the water in which the ore was depositing and extinguishing the life, ·The ore itself varies from soft and friable to hard and flinty and its color ranges from black to red , but is usually brown. Our second stop was in George Rodg.e rs Me morial Park on the banks of the Willamette River in Lake Oswego. · It ·was here that the Oregon I:ron Co . began operations in 1867 and became Oregon's first iron smelter . " This company was incorporated ·in 1865 by H. D. Green , W. S. Ladd, and John Gree n , and tpe n~ces$ary construction was subsequently initiated. Bas alt quarried nearby was us ~d in the construction' of the .furna ce. Water, which was transported by a flume from Lake Oswego , turned a double -turbine water wheel which drove the
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF .THE OREGON COUNTRY
114
Lake Oswego Field Trip - cont'd.
I•
air pumps and associated machinery in the b·lasthouse. At first, the ore was brought from the Prosser mine and other nearby iron mines by oxen, but later, a narrow gauge railroad was constructed for this purpose. Charcoal for use as the reducing agent and fuel was obtained from Oregon Douglas fir trees and was made either by burning in a pit or through the use of masonry kilns . Limestone from Puyallup County in Washington served as the source for the necessary lime. · A typical charge contained 26 bqshels of charcoal and 800 pounds of broken ore with about 20% crushed limestone {Libbey, 1940). The charcoal , limonite, and limestone were placed in the furnace ill alternate layers. The air above the burning charge was heated by a blast of hot air, introduced at the top of the stack from a long pipe which came from the blasthouse . ·Typical chemical reactions which occur in a furnace such as this include: . C 1' 02 = C02 ,.. heat (charcoal) {from air)
(1)
C02 .t- C = (derivedfrom {charcoal) equation (1) )
(2)
2CO
2Fe0. OH J. co _.'- H20+02 .f C02 {limonite) {derived from equation (2) ) . {ste~m)
1t 2Fe
~·
\ (3)
(pig iron)
and/or 2Fe0 . OH + c H20+.. 1/202 ~ C02~ 2 Fe (4) {limonite) (charcoal) (steam) {pig iron) The limestone served as a flux and is thus useful in 'removing a portion of the impurities from the ore such as Si02 (present especially in the silt and sand), and the clay material according to the following typical reactions: CaC03 + Si0 2 (limestone)
*
7CaC03 2 KA1Si3 03 (limestone) (clay material)
= CaSi0 3
~
(slag component)
c~ 2
= 6 CaSi03+ Ca{Al0 2)2 + K2C03 (slag)
(5)
-+ 6 C02
(6)
~(slag)
The resulting slag was constantly drawn off from the furnace at the hearth and thrown away when cooled. The hearth itself was tapped and the molten iron flowed south in a hot steam under the present grounds , down a channel to a pit where it first fell into a gutter, and from this into smaller and shorter side gutters. Slag which floated on the molten iron was diverted to the river bank. The group observed a wide variety of this slag in piles on the river bank. Some of the slag resembles»obsidian, other. portions have a lighter color and contain numerous gas vesicles , and still ·other parts exhibit a ropy texture. The first successful casting was accomplished -0n August 24, 1867 and ·represents the first pig iron produced west of the Rockies. All that remains of this operation is the 32- · foot high basalt furnace stack which is 34 feet square at the base and tapers to 26 feet square at the top . After several interruptions, mainly due to legal difficulties, this first operation finally closed in 1885 , after having produced 40, 625 tons of pig iron. Lunchtime was spent in the park after which Dr. Stauffer gave us an orientation on the afternoon's activities involving the study of the effects of the Missoula Flood in the area , using his six-quadrangle map of th·e Portland area and. Leo Simon~s handy cane . It is generally accepted that a large flood with t~emendous volu'm e. 'a nd eneJ:'.gy occurred perhaps 10, 000 or 15 , ooo·years ago . during the late. Wiscons.in.period of glaciation. This
FEBRUARY 1968
... GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volum e 34 , Number 2
11 5
Lake Oswego Field Trip - cont 'd. flood was the result of a weakened i ce dam , brought about by melting conditions. The da m was previously formed by an advancing ice sheet which blocked the water s of the C!ark Fork of the Columbia Riv er, forming glacial Lake Mis soula . Qnce the dam ruptur ed, thewaters of Lake Missoula flooded the channe l scabland area of ea s tern Was hington, ri sing to 210 0 feet in elevation , and then converged at the Wallula gateway , moving down the Columbia River gorge with an ave rage elevation of 1600 feet . Lowry and Baldwin (1 952) describe its effect as it progressed westward toward the s ea . A portion of the wate r spread across the P ortla nd a r ea and parts of this continu ed through the Lake Oswego channel. Effe cts of this great flood in the fi eld trip a r ea are much in evidence , a s for example the numerous s cabbed a r eas around the lake (Stauffer , 1956). The lake itself is consider ed to be in a scabland channel ~Allis on , 1932). The Oswego Lake Country Club contains severa l long, narrow de pressions trending northeast to southwest which lead to Twin Point and Diamond Head on the north side of the lake. The third stop of the day was made to view the plunge pool almost entirely enclos ed by the two above -mentioned promontories . This pool can be s een on the south side of Iron Mountain Blvd. . approximately 3/8 mile west of the inters ection with No rth Shor e Road . Originally the pool was a swampy depression before the lake level r os e a s a r esult of damming. The floodwaters which cut the depressions a cros s the golf cour s e plunge d down into th e lake channel at this point. The group continued west on Iron Mountain Road, Upper Drive , and thence southwest on Boones Ferry Road to a point just west of the freeway. A grav el r oad heading west took us to the Tiga rd Sand and Gravel Co . pit of broken r ock and s emigravel deposits which is lo cated on the south side of th e r oad near Durha m. Her e , at s top four , Dr . Stauffer showed how visua l obse r vations can provide geologic evidence of the origin of s uch ro ck types. The distance ove r which the rock fragm ents wer e transported wa s not great sin ce these boulders whi ch ar e mostly Columbia Riv er ba s a lt and Boring Lava fragments , are still gener a lly angula r . Ve r y little topsoil, a loose matrix, and a s m all amounf of weath ering attes ts to this deposit be ing geologica lly young, and the evident layering shows that water was th e trans port medium . The pres ence of huge basa lt and breccia boulde rs offer s proof of the energy of the flood. Size sorting of the pebbles , cobbles , and boulders is nonexistent and the angularity present means that the r ock was brought in rapidly , perhaps within a period of weeks . The deposition wa s so rapid in places that finer particles a re completely miss ing in the s paces between the pebble s and boulders. Obvious on one of the wa lls of the pit was thewest and southwest dip of the bedding planes . This , togethe r with the occurrence of limonite fragments , pieces of opal, and qua rtzite pebbles indicate that the dire ction of the flood wa s from the east through the Lake Oswego. channel. The limonite is presumably from the Pross er mine , opa l is found in place at Diamond Head, and the quartzite was probably derive d fro m the Troutdale formation which lie s e ast of the lake . Graniti c r ock is ·also pre s ent near th e top of the pit s e ction. This position is evidently due to the s e erratics being r afted in on float ing icebe rgs . Local reversal of the bedding dips indicates the flood currents were often of a s wirling type . An older pit north of the road rontains fine sands . La st stop of the day was in Tualatin Park. Walking north along the r a ilroad tra cks towa rd Durham. the group could s ee the western border of the coarse grave l deposits , represented by the bluff on the east s ide of the Tualatin River. Evidently , the strong flood current s ubsided her e and deposited fine -grained gravel and sand to the west. ·The r apid mo'vement of the floodwaters is indicated by a series of giant ripple marks which extend west a cross the T ualatin Country Club golf cours e to highway 99W. Fu ·r ther nor th on the r a ilroad bridge , the above-m ention ed bluff is mor e easily visible . At this point, the Tua latin River veers sha rply to the south , apparently blocked by the limit of the· coarse .gravel deposits According to Dr. Stauffer , it is difficult to obtain proof that the Tualatin River h er e has changed its cour se. He suggests the following (Stauffer, 1956) : Preceding the flood , the r iv er flowed through the Lake Oswego channel a s suggested by the greater thickness of flood depos its south ward in the Durha m pits . This presumably r epre s ents the old r iver bed. These deposits fo r m the pres ent high e mbankment on the r iver mmtione d previously. This obstacle blocked th e course of the rive r and forced the abrupt change southward through a partially eros ional , syn clinal va lley. E r ickson (1952) believes that the Tualatin Rive r eroded its pr es ent valley. was diverted to cut the Lake Oswego gap, and then forced back into its original channel . In
116
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
Lake Oswego Field Trip - cont'd. any case, there can be no doul:t that the Missoula Flood left its mark in this area. We thank both Clair Stahl and Dr. Stauffer for making the necessary arrangements and leading this very successful field trip. BIBLIOGRAPHY Allen , J . E ., 1941 , Where is Oswego Iron Mine? GSOC Newsletter,
J.. ,
183-4.
Allison , I. S., 1932 , Spokane Flood South of P9rtlan'd, Oregon, Geol. Soc. America ~ulle.tin , 43, 133-4 (abstract). Baldwin, E . M . , 1964 , Geology of Oregon, Second Edition ,. Edwards Bros. , Inc. , Ann Arbor , Mich. Diller, J . S. , 1896, A geological Reconnaisance in Northwestern Oregon, U.S. Geological Survey, pth Annual RE:port , Part 1, 441-520. Erickson , R ., 1952 , Tualatin, a Fickle ·Jade , GSOC Newsletter , 18, 50-1. Hergert , H. L. , 1948 , Early Iron' Industry in Oregon •. Reed College Bulletin, 26, 1-40. Hotz , P. E . , 1953 , Limonite Deposits near Scappoose, Columbia County, Oregon, U. S. Geo lo~ical Survey Bulletin 982-C , 75-93. Libbey , F . W. , 1940 , Oswego Iron , GSOC Newsletter , ~. 195-7 . . . Lowry , W. D. , and E . M. Baldwin, 1952, Late Cenozoic Geology of the lower Columbia RiverValley, Oregon and Washington, Geol. Soc. America Bulletin, 63, 1-24. Stauffer , J . C ., 1956 , Late Pleistocene Flood Deposits in the Portland area, GSOCNewsletter, . 22, 20-31. Trimble , D. E , 1963 , Geology of Portland, Or~gon and Adjacent areas, U. S. Gec>logical Survey Bulletin 1119, 119 pages . · Williams , I. A. , and H. M. Parker , 1923 , The Limonite Iron Ores of Columbia County, Oregon, Oregon Bureau of Mines and Geology , The Mineral.Resources of Ore. , .;!, 44 pages. 33RD ANNUAL BANQUET The Annual Banquet and Installation of Officers will be held on March 8th at the Mayflower Auditorium , with Mr. Lloyd Wilcox as Master of Ceremonies. Guest speaker will be Dr. Leonard A. Palmer, his subject "A Geologist's Guide Through the Hazards of Nature." Dr. Palmer is an Assistant Professor of Geology at Portland State College. Since September he has been the director of"Project AUGER" , Dr. JohnAllen'sprogram to coordinate geologic knowledge with urban engineering problems . At the banquet, as usual , an interesting array of exhibits will' be displayed by members. PERTINENT DATE PERTAINING TO THE BANQUET PLACE - Mayflower Auditorium , 2720 SE 6th Ave . , (SE 6th at Woodward, one block north of Powell Blvd. ) Parking available at la rge parking lot across from entrance to Auditorium on 6th. DATE - March 8, 1968 TIME 6:30 p . m . Doors will be open at 5:30 to permit viewing of exhibits. TICKETS - Mr. Leo Simon is in charge of ticket sales. Banquet tickets will sell for $3 . 00 each, and may be ordered by mail from Mr . Leo Simon, 7006 SE 21st Ave ., Portland, Ore. 97202. Please state your preference for swiss steak or baked· salmon. If no choice is indicated, meat will be served. Make checks payable to the Geological Society of the Oregon Country. Tickets may also be purchased at the -regular meetings at the Public Library on Feb. 9, and Feb. 23 , or at the Thursday lunch-eons at the YMCA. Get your reservations in early.I!
************
FEBRUARY 1968
..... GEOLOGICAL NEWS Ll'.,~l'TE R · 117 . Volume ar;-Number 2-----~~-----
ANNUAL BANQUET EXHIBITS Year ... in, year-out GSOC l;>anquet-goers have come to expect, · and anticipate, as a delightful side Q.P der; a membersqip-collected
•
Also , ·we need table lamps", the gooseneck, student desk type. We shouldn 't let our "experts" back away from an 1,1.nidentified specimen because "the lighting is insuffi cient'' . Don't forget your own eyeJ:>all magnifier. . · · For further information call George A. Mmiro , 281-7389 or Dr. M . P . Chapman. 625-6628. G. A.M.
*************************** APOLOGIES TO GEORGE WALTERS We- inadvertently did not give him oredit for that wonderful article "A Parade of Invertebrate Life" pr"tnted in last month's ~ews Letter. So if you've been wondering 'who done \t', George Walters did , that's who! Sorry about that , George.
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ANY OLD FOSSILS T.O SELL? Most Gesoc~ers who collect fossils soon end up· with bags and boxes of material they don.' t know what to cto with. Usually the stuff is too poor to put in a display case and yet it's too good to thrc;>w away. Now her.e«:)omes som,ebody who.wants it and, moreover , will buy it. for a small sum of money, The p1,1rchaser is a scientific supply company that prepares sets of fossils and. other items for educational purposes . Acceptabl_e specimens can include both animal al\d plant remains. They nee d qot be perfect complete , but they should be clearly representative, and there is a size limit of 2 inches in. greate,st dimension. Large chunks are ok, however, if they can be broken down into 2-inch fossils. No identification or other information ·is needed. The price paid ca11 range .from 10¢ per pound to 10¢ or more per specimen depending on the quality of the fossils .
or
So if you have fossq material of this sort to dispose of call: ~r .
Allen Keeney , :Powell Laboratories , Carolina Biological Supply Co., Gladstone, Oregon,. T~lephone;
656.~1641.
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118
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Of l'HE .OREGON COUNTRY .
LIBRARY NIGHT ..
l
•.
J
•••
••
The January 16th library night saw Clair Stahl as instructor in the third and final lesson on invertebrate paleontology. Identifying ·his Tertiary fossil molluscs and gast:Fopod·s , he located many of his specimens in local formations such.as the Keasey, the Umpqua; and the Astoria. These specimens .included Nemocardium Wea"\Teri , Nemocardium probatum ,· Cardita affinis , Anadara devincta, and Acila G~ttysburgensi. · The·eminent Weaver lists as many as 800 varieties of Tertiary marine fossils in Washington and Oregon. . While the student ·may look upon his specimen. shells as supe·rb examples of beauty · and summetry , Clair explained 'that some of .the beauties, were carnivorous and made their living by drilling holes into the shells of their compatriots and sucking out the flesh ·of their prey.· Aside from furnishing handsome collec~ors items , these fossils earned ~heir keep in the early days of paleontology by furnishing U:te criteria for the ~epar.ation of the Tertiary a nd Cenozoic epochs by the percentage of their survival into the realm of stillliving animals . Many of the little ·cowery shells Clair collected hinise'l f from the ree"fs of Okinawa. The scientific plan of classification of life examples follows , with the accompanying identification of two types , snails and dogs: (SYSTEMA NATURAE)
(SNAILS)
(:OQGS)
KINGDOM
Animalia
Animalia
PHYLUM
Mollusca
Chordata
CLASS
Gastrop0da
Mammalia
ORDER
Pectinibranchiata
Carnivora
FAMILY
NatiCidae
Canida.e
GENUS
Polinicies
Canis
Lewis ii
Familiaris
SPECIES
';
..
Library night continues under the aegis of Dr. Francis Gilchrist with the February 20th program devoted to the geology of the Oregon coastline. Members are invited to bring slides or pictures . Librarian Clara Bartholomay will check out .books . ·Mrs.: Gilchrist's coffee hour will continue to delight the participants.
...
* * * * *1· * *. * *· *·
'NOTitE OF ANN'UAL MEETING . . Pursuant to the provisions of the By"::-Laws of the. Soci.ety_, 'the Aimual Me~t'fo.g of. the Geological Society of the .Oregoq Country will pe held at the ' Cen~ral Library, . 891 S. w. 10th.Ave. , Portland, Oregon, on the evening of Friday, February 2'$ , 1968. . At this meeting , results of the election of offrcers fot the ;ensuing year wil~ be· a~nounced , reports of committees will be·rea'd, and any othe.r busines~ applicable .to tJ;ie proper function!:-1 ing of the Society will be conducted. · · · · · · ·
* * .* "* * * * * * .* ..* .* .* * . .. l
\
.;
1968-69 DUES · Membership dues may be mailed to the Treasurer, Mr.' deo~ge. I{ bahli~ , Route 1, Box 150, Vancouver , Washington 98662 ,. or may be. paid at the meetings at the Library. Checks should be made out to Geological 'society of the Oregon Country. Ten dollars for those living in Multnomah and adjacent counties , $7 . 00 for all others , and $5 . 00 for juniors. The Secretary appreciates receiving letters or telephone calls from those who intend to resign from the Society.
*********** ·**
'
Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
Non-Profit Org.
U. S. POSTAGE
PAID 2020 S. E. SALMON STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON 97214
Portland, Or.gon Permit No.
999
State of Oregon Dept. of Geology & Mineral .Indust.
1069 State Off ice Bldg. City 97201
Address Correction Requested
'
·~
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY AThiS AND OBJECT IVES To provide facilities for members of the Society to study geology, particula r ly the geology of the Oregon Country*; the establishment and maint enance of a librar y and museum of geological works, maps, and specimens; the encourage me nt of geologica l st udy a mong amateurs ; the support and promotion of geologic investiga tion in the Oregon Countr y; the designation, preservation, and interpretation of important geological features of the Or egon Country; the development of the mental capacities of its member s in the study of geology; and the promotion of better acquaintance and closer association a mong those engaged in the above activities . *The "Oregon Country" is a loose term generally conside red, as in the early days, to embrace the states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, western Montana, and southwestern Wyoming. MEMBERSHIP QUALIFICATIONS A member shall be a person at least twenty-one years of a ge who is interested in and supports the aims and objectives of the Society and who has been recommended by the membership committee. A regular membership comprises: (a) a single person, or (b) a husband and wife with children under eighteen years of age. A junior member shall be a person at least eighteen, but not over twenty -one y ears of age with like qualifications and recommendation. The age limitation may b e waived when the person is a regularly enrolled full-time student of a college or univers ity who is carrying on studies towards a degree. Waiver of age classification shall not exceed four years . Each paid membership receives one subscription to the Geological News Letter, official publication of the Society. Persons desiring to become members should contact the membership chairman or any officer of the Society. DUES SCHEDULE Annual dues for regular memberships are $10. 00 for residents of Multnomah and adjacent counties (Clackamas, Columbia, Hood River, and Wa shington Counties of Oregon; Clark and Skamania Counties of Washington). For residents outside of the above counties , dues are $7. 00. Annual dues for junior members are $5. 00. Payments should be made out to the Geological Society of the Oregon Country. ACTIVITIES LUNCHEONS
Every Thursday noon.
FIELD TRIPS
Usually one field trip per month via private car caravan or chartered bus. Occasional two-day trips with overnight camping.
LECTURES
filustrated talks on geology or related subjects. Two lecture meetings each month, the second and fourth Fridays.
LIBRARY NIGHT
The third Tuesday evening of each month.
PUBLICATION
The Geological News Letter, published once each month, is the official publication of the Society.
MARCH 1968
- -
GBOtOGICAL NEWS LE TTER -----Volu:n e 34 , Number 3
119
G. S. 0 . C. CALENDAR FOR MARCH 1968 Every Thursday
LUNCHEON - Y. M. C. A., 831 S W. 6th Avenue , P or tland , Or egon 12: 00 M. - Once each week , duri ng the mid-day hour , GSOC'e rs , .guests , a nd v isitors ha ve the opportunity to munch lun ch , see s pecimens ,. pe rus e. pubp cations , or hear "five-minute" (some times longer) talks on to pics of geologic interest. Thes e lively luncheons a r c presided over by Mr . Leo F . Simon, Chairman , in the Mounta in Room (up th e t r ail fr om th e Foothills Room). adjace nt t J the Main Cafeteria. For additional informa tion contact Mr. Simon (telepho ne 34 6- 0549) .
March 8 Friday
ANNUAL BANQUET - Mayflov.e r Da iry F a rms Aud ito rium 2720 SE 6th A venue (Nor th of P owell Boule vard) 5: 00 P . M. - Doors open at this hour to pe rm it the viewin5 of display s . 6:30 P . M. - Thirty - third Annual Ba nquet. Mr. Lloyd Wilcox will be Maste r of Ce r emonie s . Gues t Speaker , Dr. Leonard A. P alm er, has chos en a s h is. subj ect 11 A Geol ogist 's Guide through the Hazards of Nature . " Additional infor ma tion will be found on page 121 of this issue .
March 19 Tuesday
LIBRARY NIGHT - Lewis a nd Clark College in s outhwes t P o rtland , Oreg_on 7:30 P . M. - The first hour of the evening is r es erved for browsing and r eading. During this time some ot' the books may be ch ecked out of the GSOC · Library. 8:30 P . M. - Dr. Francis G. Gilchrist, Librar y Night Chair man , will. conduct a " workshop" on the geology of the Wallova Mountains . GSOC 'ers are urged to bring slides and specimens of geologic inte r e s t. R efreshments will be s erved following the program . Fo r mor e information and/or directions te lephone Dr . Gilchrist a t 636-5942. · · ..
March 22 Friday
March 24 Sunday
LECTURE - Central L ibra r y , 801 S. W. 10th Avenue ,, P ortla nd,' Oregon 7:30 P . M. - Mr. As choff , Graduate Enginee r with the Wah Chang Albany Corporation, will SJB ak to the group about the production of this corpor ation. Fortunate me mbers who ha d the opportunity to tour this pla nt as pa rt of a fi eld trip a couple of years ago found it fascina ting . FIELD TRIP - Fossil hunting in the Vernonia area. Trip leader will be Dr. Paul How ell. Fossils a r e guaranteed. There will be two stops . One in the Pittsburg Bluff Formation , and one ·in the Keasey. Guidance for the inexperienced will be available. MEET - 9:00 A. M. - in Scappoose at the school on Highway 30 as you ev.ter the town going from Portland. EQUIPMEI'fT - Rock ha mme r , chisels , bags and paper. Bring your lunch . Wear clothing suitable to the weathe r , and be prepa r e d for the go ing to be somewhat muddy . For additional information phone Fi eld rrip Cha irma n Clair Sta hl at 281-2220 .
EDITORS NOTE Due to a series of .unforseen ev ents the News Letter goes to press this month somewhat on the skimpy side. If you will excus e us we pr~mis e to mor e than make up the missing pages in forthcoming issues. P. S. (Ed. )
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
120
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ANNUAL MEETING OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY February 23, 1968 The meeting was called to order at 7:45 p . m . by Prei:?ident Ralph S. Mason in the auditorium of the Multnomah.' Country Library. Requirements of by-laws for a quorum were met in that there were more than 20 members in attendance. The Secretary announced that 82 marked ballots had been returned and that the following have been elected: President, Mr. Donald D. Barr; Vice president, Dr. M. P. Chapman; Secretary, Mrs. Robert Waiste; Treasurer, Mr. George R . Dahlin; Director (3 years) Miss Clara Bartholomay; Editor of the Newsletter, Mrs. Clair F . ' Stahl. The Secretary also reported that there has been a net gain of 19 memberships in the past year for a total of 288, with 456 members. A limited number of copies of this report are available for distribution. ' Treasurer's report as of this date shows $2, 212. 24 in savings and $1 , 895.46 in the checking account, which includes GSOC School funds . Books will be audited after the end of the year (February 29). Clair F. Stahl, Field Trips Chairman, reported that of the ten trips last year, the longest was to Aldrich Mt. in July (4 days); the .shortest and coldest, the one led by Dr. Gilchrist around Portland in January 1968; the most confused, to Ft. Rock; the most work, the bus trip down· the Columbia led by Dr . Howell. Programs Chairman Paul E. Dunn mentioned some of the programs presented during the past year, thanked members for their assistance, and introduced the speaker of the evening, Mr. Garth A. Duell, Chief Geologist with Pacific Power and Light Company. Meeting r~sumed after the program. In her report as Librarian, Clara Bartholomay reported that $4. 00 had been collected in fines , of which $1. 75 was spent for binding. She also mentioned some of the periodicals which are sent to our library in exchange for the Newsletter. Dr. Francis Gilc~rist, Chairman, reported on Library Night meetings; Mr. Leo Simon, on luncheons (average attendance is lower than normal); Mrs. Richard A. Cook and Mrs. Ernest Hanson, on Membership -- 1610 Newsletter. calendars mailed to prospective members, libraries, for publicity, etc. , 240 guests signed cards at meetings, of which 21 have joined the Society . Publications and publicity , no reports. Mr. Mason read the report of Mrs. Brice Washburn on Hospitality: Refreshments were served at eight meetings, average donation $5. 15 per meeting , balance on hand $2 . 47 plus tonight's collection. The coffee hour is supported entirely by the "kitty" . Mr. Truman Murphy reported on the exhibit the Society has had at OMSI the past year. Another will now be prepared. Mr. George Walters announced that banquet tickets are still available. Mr. Mark Perrault commented ~n the GSOC School. Society gained about 20 new members as a result: 48 took the claJ%Pyear and the sarre number this year; about 50% of the first class enrolled for the second; committee is planning ahead for at least two years; school'is really a community effort in that plans are closely connected with OMSI, which benefits along with GSOC. Mr. Mason expressed appreciation to the Editor, ·Mrs . Clair Stahl, for her work with the Newsletter; commented on the use of OMS! facilities by GSOC, any move would probably be on a piece-meal basis; mentioned that the topic "A Geologist's Guide Through the Hazards of Nature:"or "Why did you build your . house where you did?", by Dr. Leonard A Palmer at the forthcqming banquet should prove of great interest to everyone. Meeting was
~journed
at 9: 30 p. m. ~ Dorothy
R . Waiste, Secretary
MARCH 1968
GEOLOGJCA1., NEWS LETTER
121
Volume 34, Number 3 LAST CALL
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * LAST CALL
lt 1 s now or never if you
expect to attend the annual GSOC Banquet! ! ! Call Leo Simon for your reservations - 236-0549. DO IT Nowrr r ! r This is the culmination of the year's activities of your organization. Meet all your old friends and get acquainted with the new members . Enjoy a good meal and hear a talk on geology which applies to all of us in our daily lives . You won't need to be a geologist to understand this talk. The Banquet will be held this coming Friday evening, March 8th, in Mayflower · Auditorium at 6: 30 P . M . The hall will be open at 5:00 for those who want to come early and see the exhibits, or just to visit. Let 1s make this a gala occasion to thank our retiring officers and to give a vote of confidence to our newly elected officers. Note: The hall will be open all afternoon to m em hers who have displays to put in.
MEMBERSHIP ROSTER NEW MEMBERS
Address
~e_!~_ll~~e_
BATEMAN, Mr. and Mrs. J . Harold 14725 S. E. Rhine Street Portland, 97236
761-8490
BROWN, Mr . C. D.
6830 N. E . Broadway
Portland, 97213
252-07 53
BURNHAM; Mr. and Mrs . Harry R .
2510 N. E . Thompson St. Portland, 97212
288-3346
GRAY , Mr. Allan W. Portland, 97219 5417 S. W. Vermont St. 244-4383 JOHNSON , Mr . andMrs. LawrenceT . 16485 SWRoyaltyParkway Tigard, 97223 639-4993 King City KREMERS, Miss Jessie 2443 N. W. Quimby St Portland, 97210 223-3951 LEYLAND, Mr. Alwyn C. 603 West 35th St. Vancouver, Wn 98660 693-7912 97os:w:. Main.St. OBERLANDER, Miss Patricia J . Beaverton, 97005 644-7529 2301 N. E . 130th Ave. REAMS, Mr. andMrs . Delbert L . Portland, 97230 255-0789 REICHLE, Dr . and Mrs. Ray 6407 N. E . 25th Ave. Portland, 97211 281 -2362 SHERBURNE, Mr. Harry W. 12475 S. W. Edgewood St Portland, 97225 244 - 7646 ~TMM()Ni;:
lVl"r
llnr'I l\J1",.o
f"!on'Y"rt'o
~
122
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY 01" THE OREGON COUNTRY NEWS OF MEMBERS By Lillian Miller
MR. and MRS. LAWREN CE BARBER recently returned home after a wonderful threeweek trip. Their first stop was Miami Beach, Florida where they attended a meeting observing the fifty-fourth anniversar y of the United States P ower Squadron. LARRY, a charter member of the Portland Power Squadron, received his twenty -five- year pin, is now a life time member. He is the first from Portland to receive such a pin. They visited Big Pine Key, Key West, and F ort Lauderdale; then flew to Mexico City for a stay of four days . Guadalajara was their home for three days, and three more days were spent in Pue rto Vallarta. Their next stop was Los Angeles, and eventually, home. It 's good to hea r from our out-of-state members . MR. and MRS. FRANK W. NICHOLS of Wellsbora, Penna. , have renewed their membership and hope to attend another campout in the near future . Congratulations to RUfH GREY GOOCH , one of Portland's Ten Women of Accomplishment for 1967. It was for her devoted inter est in r ecognizing an alcoholic as an individual and in her wo rk with the Alcoholic Rehabilitation Association that she was selected for the award. The Society extends deepest sympathy to HERBERT and BERTHA LAURENCE on the recent passing of Bertha's mother. The F ebruary 23rd issue of the Oregon Journal carried an extremely good picture of RUTH and AL KEEN. This was accompanied by an article concerning Ruth 's interests and experiences. LIBRARY NIGHT Library night, F ebruary 20th, saw an enthusiastic assembly of exhibitors and viewers. The subject was the Oregon seashore and slides included scenes of surf, sea stacks, beaches, terraces, dunes , landslides, lighthouse s , promontories, bays, spouting horns, seal rocks, fr esh water lakes, tidal inlets, river mouths, sand-spits, mountains, bridges and the wreck of the Peter Iredale . It was pointed out .t hat the shore undergoes continual abrasion, wearing away in places and building up in others. Murray Miller 1s outstanding dunes pictures showed the sand encroaching on the forest inland and at the same time uncovering old snags that had succumbed to the devastation perhaps hundreds of years before. It was felt by the members that Oregon has, in its pristine beaches, a priceless heritage of geological splendor, as yet scarcely contaminated by the population explosion, and that at all costs it should be preserved for the enjoyment of all mankind. Librarian Clara Bartholomay issued books and .Mrs . Gilchrist presided at the coffee urn. Who cared that in the zeal of her office she blew a fuse and served her customers in twilight. The next Library Night session will discuss the Wallowa Mountains and members are requested to bring slides. C. T . L . M.
* * * * * * * ** * * NEW MEMBERS - cont'd. TaWEEDLEL Mr. T . w. A !dress Change~ JANSEN, Mr. and Mrs .
110 SylvanBldg. , 2035 SW 58th 1525 F ern St
P ortland, 97221 Walla Walla Wn.
99362
Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
Non-Profit Org.
U. S. POSTAGE
PAID 2020 S. E. SALMON STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON 97214
Portland, Oregon Permit No.
999
State of Oregon Dept. of Geology & Mineral IDdust. lo69 state Of tice Bldg. City 97201
Address Correction Requeste
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY 1968 ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PRESIDENT Mr. Donald D. Barr VICE PRESIDENT Dr. M . P. Chapman SECRETARY Mrs . Robert Waiste TREASURER Mr. George R . Dahlin DIRECTORS Mr. George W. Walters PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER EDITOR Mrs. Peigi Stahl BUSINESS MANAGER Mr. Robert Waiste
12438S. W. OrchardHillRd. Lake Oswego, 97034
246-2785
P.O. Box 297
Sherwood, 97140
625-6628
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Route 1, Box 150
Vancouver, Wn. 98662
892-3427
Mr. Mark Perrault
Miss Clara Bartholomay
Mr. Ralph S. Mason
3235 N. E. 61st Avenue
Portland, 97213
281-2220
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Lake Grove, 97034 Albany, 97321
636-6594 926-4556
OregonCity, 97045
656-7165
Portland, 97 213
284-6700
Portland, 97219
636-5942
Portland, 97202
236-0549
Sherwood, 97140
625-7192
Portland, 97215
234-2318
Portland, 97202
775- 5697
Portland, 97215 Portland, 97215
236-8319 236-8319
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Portland, 97214
234-9005
Portland, 97230
253-7446
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Port land, 97214
235-4320
ACTIVITIES CHAIRMEN FIELD TRIPS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox 16650 SW Lake Forest Blvd. Mr. Ralph P. Nafziger 908 S. Ferry St. Apt 7 PROGRAMS Mrs. Irma Sullivan 524 Warner Parrott Road LIBRARIAN Mr. Wallace R. McClung 1300 N. E. 49th Avenue LIBRARY NIGHT Dr. Francis G. Gilchrist 0644 S. W. Palatine Hill Rd. LUNCHEONS Mr. Leo F. Simon 7006 S. E . 21st Avenue MEMBERSHIP Mrs. Ruth P. Rawls Route 3, Box 296 PUBLICATIONS Miss Shirley M. 0 'Dell 4710 S. E . Stark St. Apt 7 PUBLICITY Mrs. Laurette Kenney 4125 S. E. Gladstone St. TELEPHONE Miss Hazel F. Zimmer 805 S. E. 60th Avenue Miss Ruby M. Zimmer 805 S. E. 60th Avenue ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace HISTORIAN Miss Rowena Hoven 1007 S. E. 21st Avenue HOSPITALITY Mrs. Merle C. Helfrich 251 N. E . 133rd Avenue OMSI FACILITIES Mr . Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Mr. Robert Waiste 133 S. E. 27th Avenue
• APRIL 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , Number 4
~~~~~~~~-~~~~---~~~~
123
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Q. S. 0 . y. CALENDAR FOR APRIL 1968 Every Thurs.d ay
APRIL 12 Friday
APRIL 16 Tuesday
LUNCHEON - Y. M. C, A. , 831 S. W. 6th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 12:00 P . M. - These weekly luncheons are attended by both every Thursday regulars and the now~and-then dropper-in-ers . Plan to attend when you can. Food is available at the main cafeteria. Turn right after you have passed the cashier's stand and go straight back to the Mountain Room. Informal discussions are the rule , and you may bring geological specimens to show or to ask questions about . LOCTURE - Central Library, 801 SW 10th Avenue, Portland, Oregon ( :30 P . M. - Members of this years Geology Class will present " Historical Geology of the Oregon Country. " Also , plans for 1969 Geology School will be presented. LIBRARY NIGHT - Lewis and Clark College, Southwest Portland, Oregon 7:30 P . M. - Meet on the upper floor of the Biology Building. First hour is reserved for browsing and reading. Wally McClung, Librarian. 8:30 P . M. - A workshop on Mt. Rainier. If you have pertinent slides , geological specimens , and/ or information, you are invited to bring it to be included in the wo rkshop. For further information call Dr. Francis Gilchrist, Library Night Chairman at 636-5942 .
APRIL 20& 21
FIELD TRIP - Beverly Beach - Fossil Hunting and beachcombing. Beverly Beach State Park is on Highway 101 , south of Depot Bay and north of Newport. The park has overnight camping facilities .
Saturday
1: 00 P . M. - Assemble in picnic area parking lot.
Sunday
9: 00 A. M. - Again assemble in picnic area parking lot. At going-to-press time we were still a little short on details . For further information phone Clair Stahl, Field Trips Chairman, 281-2220 .
APRIL 26 Friday
LECTURE - Central Library, 801 S. W. 10th Avenue, Portland, Oregon. 7:30 P . M. - Mr. Robert Van Atta, Assistant Professor of Geology at Pork land State College will address the Society. · He has chosen as his topic "Clues to Ancient Geography of Northwest Oregon. rr ADVANCE CALENDAR
MAY 18& 19 Saturday & Sunday
CAMP HANCOCK - The GSOC is going to have a work party at Camp Hancock. We have helped out before, including last year . OMSI needs help again. If you can go , contact Don Barr, 246-2785, for further information.
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124
GEOLOGICAL SOCIE'IY
01'~
THE OREGON COUNTRY
A GOOD TIME WAS HAD BY ALL Including P eigi Stahl The 33rd Annual Banquet, held Friday , March 8th, could be reporte d. in brief by saying A good time was had by all 11 • Indeed it was . Enjoyment ~adiated visibly through the hall from greetings exchanged between the fi rst e~Lrly-co mers to the tired farewell handwaves of the clean-up crew. The possible exception be ing the loud groans that followed a couple of Master of Cermonies Lloyd Wilcox's typical Lloyd Wilcox jokes . 11
Doors wer e officially opened at 5: 00 P . M. to reveal an inviting, well decorated banquet setting. The wealth of exhibits attracted much attention and demonstrated visibly . the vast im.agi,Jiation to be found among GSOCers . Dinner , served at 6: 30, was excellent . Dale 's Catering Service did an outstanding job. The food was well prepared , well served, hot, and plentiful. The tea, howev er , must hav e been potent. Shortly after consuming his , our esteemed Master of Ceremonies counted noses and came up with an unofficial (very unofficial) count of four hundred and sixty-eight people attending, eleven of whom were named Leo Simon. · In the true tradition of his profession, railroader Wilcox kept the banquet train rolling down the track right on schedule. Consequently the installation of officers went along at a rapid pace. Outgoing (the passing-out) President Ralph Mason looked happier than he has since last year's banquet. Incoming President Don Barr outlined an ambitious course for the organization, and school teacher that he is , he can be expected to hold us to it. In fact , there was a maition of a leather strap in his address , so it just might behoove us all to do our homework this year .
A good measure of credit for the succe ss of the banquet must be given to Dr. Leonard A. Palmer. It takes a bit of doing to present an address that will hold the attention of the professional geologist and the high-grade amateur types , and yet get through to a bottom-of-the-barrel amateur like myself (the kind that has to say come - Cambrian, over - Ordovician, Sylvia - Silurian, to remember the divisions of the Paleozoic) . The stillness of his audience while he was speaking, and their sigh of regret that he had finished told Dr. Palmer even more eloquently than their applause how well his talk had been received. His me ssage can pretty well be summed up thus Build on a hillside if you must But in "good luck" puttlittle trust . If you '11 build with prudence and with care You can put your house 'most anywhere. To illustrate this Dr. Palmer showed slides of hazardous terrain and the sometimes tragic consequences of building thereon. At the same time on another screen were projected cross section diagrams of the area indicating the normal erosion that had taken place and how building and property improvement could either aid and abet the forces of destruction or be done safely and satisfactorily provided the necessary information was made available to the builder and was used by him . Most of us left the auditorium that evening trying to mentally nail down our newly acquired wisdom. The banquet closed on a musical note with Dr. Jones conducting a short singing session of songs peculiar to the Geological Society of the Oregon Country. Oh yes , a good time was had by all .
Very!
DR. AND MRS. FRANCIS GILCHRIST NEW LIFE MEMBERS The Honorary Life Members h tp aw~rcfed*to*P earl a'h.d~~Francis Gilchrist at the banquet was indeed earned. It is the Gilchrists and people like them who in the past and at present make the Geological Society the wonderful organization that it is .
*************** *
TOP
LEFT - INCOMING PRESIDENT DONALD BARR CENTER - SPEAKER DR. LEONARD A. Pill1ER RIGHT - OUTGOING PRESIDENT RALPH MASON RIGHT THE GILCHRISTS RECEIVE HONORARY LIFE MEMBERSHIP AWARDS BELOW PAST PRESIDENTS
,
Photos by Fred Miller
HEAD TABLE
LEFT - "PASSING-OUT"' PRESIDENT
BELOtf - CHARTER MEMBEF.S
.. A HUNDRED MILLION Tune: "Clementine" 1.
In a cavern, in a cavern,
Back a hundred million years , Brontosaur and Stegosaurus Gnashed their teeth and shed their tears . CHORUS:
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY Thirty-Third Annual Banquet March 8, 1968
Hundred million, hundred million, / hundred million years ago largest repti les show their spring styles . / Here's their bones, it must be so.
Mayflower Dairy Auditorium 2.
'
laid their eggs an desert sand, Thought their race would never cease. Ancient yeggs sold breakfast eggs for Just about two-bi ts apiece.
3.
In the lees of ancient seas The Trilobite was in the pink, Picked a fight with Ammanite, No mare salt water does he drink.
4.
Into innards of a Rhino Up a roe ky canyon wal I , Climbed a score of dusty rack-hounds. Now we hove no doubt at all.
5.
Dr. Beck told us to peck In the shale for Ginkgo leaves. Offered us four bits reword, But he wa s laughing up his s leeve.
LAND OF THE FOSSIL HUNTERS Tune: " Land of the Empire Builders" 1.
land of the ancient fossils Land of forgotten seas Covered by old vo lcanoes Remnants of tropic trees. Home of the three-toed horses Comel and Oreodon. Hail to thee, land of Condon Our Oregon!
4.
3.
land of the fossi I hunters Land of the John Doy beds Loden with ancient camel s Turtles and rhino heads. Eocene horses buried Under a setting sun. Hail to thee, land of fossils Our Oregon!
land of the fossi I hunters land of volcanoes old Building a book of wonders Which ta our eyes unfold. Marve ls of al I creation Process that's never done. Hail to thee, land of fossils Our Oregon!
The program cover depicts an idea deve loped by the Society which could have a tremendous impact on the appreciation and enjoyment of our geological resources by the public . The sign is proposed as a marker to announce that a geologic point of interest or an area that is of dominantly geologic importance lies just ahead. The map printed on the center spread s uggests some of the many places which ought to be marked. To Grant County goes the distinction of b eing the first county in the state to actively promote its geological recreation. The Society, in proposing the roadside sign, believes that r ec reational geology should be pointed out in all parts of the state and that a uniform symbol be established to indicate them. The same symbol could also be printed on road maps. Since viewpoints and pull-outs are expensive to build and maintain the Society suggests that brochures , printed by the state or by oil companies, be made available which g ive brief de sc riptions of the features. Major features and overlooks could of course be more fully deve loped. Today the r e is not one sign which tells the public about the geology of the Columbia River Gorge, Mt. Hood, or Wallowa Lake. It might be argued that signs clutter the view but if one understands what the view is a small sign wil l not bothe r h im. When we travel we a r e surrounded by geology. The uninformed merely travels from point to point, while the geologically knowledgeable traveler moves through a succession of exciting and interest ing scenes which have a richness of meaning that only the long mill enniums of geologic history can produce.
ANNUAL Genera ...
BANQUlT
•
COMMITIEES George Walters Truman Murphy
~o - Chairmen
Master of Ce r emonies
Lloyd Wilcox
Decorations
Mildred Washburn Peigi Stahl Jennie Walters
ACTIVITIES CHAIRMAN
George Munro Dr. M.P. Chapman
FIELD TRIPS Clair F. Stahl
Clair F. Stahl
Music: Everybody Sing
Dr. Arthur Jones
PROGRAMS Paul Dunn
Miss Irma Sullivan
Pianist
Berrie Hancock
Hospitality
Lauret t e Kenney
LIBRARIAN Miss Clara Bartholomay
Wallace R. McClung
Hostesses
Clara Bartholomay Lillian Miller Myrtle Hanson Rowena Hoven Gwen Helm Frances Cook
LIBRARY NIGHT Dr . Francis Gilchrist
Dr . Francis Gilchris t
LUNCHEONS Leo Simon
Leo Simon
Exhibits
Photography
Fred Mille r
Table Set-Up
Robert Waiste
Place Cards
Lloyd Wilcox Ralph Mason
Program Cover Design
Ralph Mason
Publicity
Laurette Kenney
Ticket Sales
Leo Simon
Gifts
Irving G. Ewen PAS T
P R E S I DE NT S
1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 194 6 1947 1948 1949 1950
HODGE, Dr . Edwin T. PHILLIPS, Mr. Clarence D. VANCE, Mr . Albert D. TREASHER, Mr. Ray PIPER, Mr. Arthur STEVENS, Dr. J. C. PHILLIPS, Mr. Kenneth N. SCHMINKY, Mr. H. Bruce RUFF, Mr. Lloyd L. BATES, Mr. Erasmus N. HANCOCK, Mr. Alonzo W. ALLEN, Dr. J ohn Eliot JONES, Dr. Arthur C. LIBBEY, Mr. Fay Wilmot SIMON, Mr. Leo F. HODGE, Dr. Edwin T.
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STONE, Mr. Norris B. BALDWIN, Mr. Raymond L. KEEN, Mr. Albert J. CLARK, Mr. William F. GILCHRIST, Dr. Francis G. PALMER, Mr. Leroy Atwood STAUFFER, Dr. James HOWELL, Dr. Paul W. BROWN, Mr . Franklin M. WILBUR, Mr. Robert F. 1961 HAMMOND, Dr. John 1962 DELANO, Mr. Leonard H. 1963 KENNEY, Mr. Albe rt Richard 1964 EWEN, Mr. Irving Gilbert 1965 MILLER, Mr. Fred E. 1966 WILCOX, Mr. Lloyd A. 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960
101.7
MA
ll<1lnh S
Geological Society of the Oregon Country
1967
1968
-
MEMBERSHIP Mrs. Frances Cook PUBLICATIONS Miss Shirley O'Dell PUBLICITY Mrs. Laurette Kenney TELEPHONE Miss Hazel Zimmer Miss Ruby Zilllner
Miss Haze l Zimmer Miss Ruby Zimmer
ADVISORY COMMITIEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS Dr. Arthur Jones
Dr. Arthur Jones
HISTORIAN Miss Rowena Hoven
Miss Rowena Hoven
HOSPITALITY Mrs. Mildred Washburn
Mrs. Merle C. Helfrich
OMS I EXHIBIT Truman Murphy
Truman Murphy
OMS I FACILITIES Ralph Mason
Ralph Mason
PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Robert Waiste
Robert Waiste
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S 0 C I E T Y EXECUTIVE
A D MI N I S T R A T I 0 N WELCOME
C~MM ITTEE
1967
PRESIDENT Ralph S. Mason
..
PROGRAM
1968
DINNER
Donald D. Barr
VICE PRESIDENT Donald D. Barr
Dr. M. P. Chapman
SECRETARY Mrs. Rober t Waiste
Mrs. Robert Waiste
TREASURER George R. Dahlin
George R. Dahlin
DIRECTOR, ONE YEAR C. Truman L. Murphy
George
DIRECTOR, TWO YEARS George W. Walters
Mark Perrault
w.
Introduction of Master of Ceremonies
Ralph Mason
Introduction of Guests
Lloyd Wilcox
Installation of Officers
Lloyd Wilcox
Farewell Address
Ralph Mason
Ina ugural Addres s
Donald Barr
Honors and Awards
Lloyd Wilcox INTERMISSION Viewing of exhibits
Walters
Introduction of Speaker
Lloyd Wilcox PRINCIPAL ADDRESS
DIRECTOR, THREE YEARS Mark Perrault
Miss Clara Bartholomay
PAST PRESIDENT, ONE YEAR Fred E. Miller
Lloyd A. Wilcox
PAST PRESIDENT, TWO YEARS Lloyd A. Wilcox
LLOYD WILCOX
"A Geol ogist's Guide Through the Hazards of Nature" Dr . Leonard A. Palmer Assistant professor of Geology, Portland State College
Ralph S. Mason
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER
ENTERTAINMENT Everybody Sing
EDITOR Mrs. Clair F. Stahl
Mrs. Clair F. Stahl
BUSINESS MANAGER Robert F. Wilbur
Robert F. Wilbur
Pianist
Dr . Arthur Jones Berrie Hancock
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Some Geologic Areas and Points of Interest
~-($) 3
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7
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Geologic Points of Interest
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Vista HOUH: ov.-look Columbia River Bo1e1lt Explosion tvffs Columbi a River Gorge Mount Hood Bellevue erratic 9. Oregon City Falls I 0. Mount Hood
<9 22
($)
II . Wallowa Lake 12. Mount Hood
13 . Cla-no Polisodes
($) 23 25
14. I S. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.
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24
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35. Abert Rim 36. Lakeview geys8"
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Black sands
25. lovo Butte
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Three Sisters SmHh Rock Stein's Piller Thunderegg country Sheep Rock ov•look Canyon ty
29. Grave Creek 30. Needle Rock 31 . Summ• Loko 32. Waldo placen 33. Joc:ksonville 34. Klamolh Falls faults
4
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26. Crater lake pumice 27. Hole-in-Ile-Ground
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Ned\konie Mt. Tualatin Vo ll ey
37. Crump geyser Geologic Areca A. B. C. D. F. G. H.
Crater Lake Notional Pak Oregon Coves Notional ;V;onument lava River Cov~ State Perk Saddle Mt. State Pork Steen's Mt. Cove Polisodes State P«k Pointed Hills Stote P«k
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Newberry Crater
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Shor• Acres State Perk
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. -' GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER
APRIL 1968
127
Volume 34 , Number 4
..
PLEASE TAKE T!ME TO REAP THIS .. IT .IS IMPORTANT TO
T~E ~RG;ANIZATION.
This year we want to get ~;me backgr9und iilfo~mation .o~ all of the members or' the Geology Society. We would like to know more about you. What are your interests?' What are your· hobbies? Wha:t would you Iike·'the organi:l'ation to do for you? What wo'uld you like to do to help the organization? Are you willing to help in some capacity~? It is felt that the group would fon6tion better as an educational organization if the interests of the members were known . It would be appreciated if you ·would take time to 'fill out the questionnaire below. You may send it to Donald :D. Barr · 12438 S. W. Orchard Hill Rd. ·· · · · Lake Oswego, Oregon 97034 or hand it to me at .the next regular m~eting on April 12. I
,
NAME: Occupation .. Hobbies: Other interests Would you be willing to serve on any of.the committees during
th~
year? ,•
Annµal picnic· during August ;
'
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,
President's camp.out during August Help scout field trips with others ·
•
Conduct ~ field frip some time th.i s year
What month?
Conduct a prog:rarn on lib.r ary night
·what month?
Conduct a program: at a Friday night meeting·
· What month?
· Write up the Friday night. program for the N~wsletter Write
~p
When?
one of the .fie~d trips for the newsletter
I\
Prepare an artide o.n some aspect of geology for the newsletter .' ~ick your· tim~ · · Anything you might think of that would help that hasn't been mentioned????????
HAVE YOU PAID YOUR DUES? It soon will be time to b.egin preparing the new membership roster . If you have not yet paid your ,4ue~ for 1968-69, please inform the secretary of your intentions so that y~ur. name can be included. Cail 'or write Mrs. Robert Waiste, P3 S, E . 27th Avenue, Port13:nd, Oregon ,97214 t .T elephone: 235-432Q. ·
* "* *· * *·* * * * * * * * * * *
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~
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIE1Y OF THE OREGON COUNTRY LIBRARY NIGHT
Library night c.o~tinues to present ·one· of the outstanding programs of the society. The instruction and workshop features attract the member who is desirous of adding to his knowledge· of 't he science as above any mere interest for entertainment or diversion values. · The March ·19th ses.sion was particularly favored in the person Of Dr. James Sta~fer and in his subject, th~ Wallowa mountains. With excellent slide coverage he was able to project the salient f ea tu res of the region. From leading many student expeditions into the rocky fastness and from m~ny weeks of restdence in the field Dr. Stauffer presented his discoveries with singular competence and enthusiasm. From his geologic time chart of the make-up of the ba,.tholith he led his listeners through the history and the grow.th and disposition of the great uplift.· Lowest member of the geologic exposure is the Clover Creek greenstone of metamorphic and sediments of near-shore deposition. This is of Permian age , Earliest Triassic rocks are seen in the Lower Sedimentary Series . Fossils are of sponges and corals. Some of the limestone has been metamorphosed into marble. This is overlain by the prominent Martin Bridge formation which shows up in many sites in the Wallowas. Notable in the Martin Bridge is the black marble which is harvested for ornate building stone, for lime and for the pleasure of the collector. The Hurwal formation which overlays it is full of metamorphic rocks as a result of extensive folding of the batholith. These features are eminently displayed in the slides . l~yas
)
Jurassic and Cretaceous ages saw the mountain intensively invaded by plutonic granodiorite. This resulted in mineralization of the contact zones and the region is dotteq by early mine tunnels , most of which are now abandoned. However, · in former times of better economic conditions for mining millions of dollars in gold were removed from these mines . These rocks were later faulted, folded and further contorted. Aplite dikes c·: r:iss-crossed the granite and even fractured older dikes . Xenolith inclusions showed the ability of the plastic mass to capture fragments of a previous cooling. The Oligocene was represented by stream gravels and by erosion. The Miocene saw the great invasion by the Columbia River basalt and many feeder dikes showed up in the pictures. The Pliocene saw the massive uplift of the batholith car·r ying up the stratigraphy for easy identification. Notable was the basalt cap often visible on the crests of peaks and divides where it had not succumbed Jo, erosion. Extensive glaciation of the Pleistocene sculpted the valleys , strung chains of glacial lakes and left text-book examples of moraines , avalanches , hanging valleys and outwash fans . Today the Wallowas constitute one of Oregon's greatest geologic attractions and its vertical real estate and breath-taking trails make this mountain area one of superior c;ihallenge to the explorer. Dr. Frances Gilchrist, director of the Library Night program, has accepted appointment to the post for another year , a welcome bit of news . However , the office of librarian jn charge of the stacks has changed hands . Clara Bartholomay has been elected to a directorate on the executive .committee and her successor is Wally McClung, and enthusiastic supporter -o f Library Night. , ••
1
Mrs . Gilchrist's coffee hour was well patronized. C. T . L . ?yi.
*********** PECULIARITIES OF THE SLIME MOLD • l • The very simple life form , the slime mold, repeatedly goes through a strange metamorph::>sis in which it takes on characteristics of both the plant and animal kingdoms . First, large numbers of amoebalike creatures band together to form a new organism which behaves 1ike a worm crawling on its belly. Then, for some reason it halts and starts growing like a plant , raising its spore mass on a thin stalk. Just as strangely , the stalk bends and the spore ball bursts and releases the amoebas which start banding together again: •
•
APRIJ~
1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER ------ - - - - - - VO-li1ine 34 , Number 4
129
I
MARCH FIELD TRIP The overwhelming turnout at the GSOC field trip of 24 March attests to the fact that people are attracted to the sea shore---evcn an ancient one. One look at the crowd that confronted the m on a sunny Sunday morning in Scappoose convinced our leaders (Clair Stahl and Paul Howell) that they had indeed chosen well in electing to have a fossil dig at only two sites , both of which were luckily provided with ample parking. The 36 cars that formed the caravan made good use of it. Sprinkled among one of the largest groups of GSOCers lately assembled were a group of 3·6 . parents and young me mbers of the Beaumont School 4H Geology Club. They were led by Bob Smith and Pat Winchester both of whom are members of the Society. The Oregon Shell Club was represented by three families , not including the Stahls . Irma Sullivan brought along six 5th and 6th grade students from the O. C. Barkley School of Oregon City although one of them does not count as a guest. Young Tim Sommers is a junior member of the Society and often accompanies Irma on our caravans. Altogether well over one hundred people participated in this trip Although the fossil digging was a smashing success for everyone who took part in it, identification of the fossil finds was another matter. Much of the recovered fossil material was from the weathered rock zone where all that remained was the cast or the mold of the shell. The shell material had completely dissolved away . Of the fossil shells dug from the fresh rock below, only a few were sufficiently complete to permit good identification. At the Pittsburg Bluff Formation dig , good specimens of Telling and Solen (pelecypods) and of Turicula, Bruclarkia , and Polinices (gastropods) were found. At the Keasey Formation dig (Empire Lite-Rock Quarry) the most abundant fossil was a small , delicat e , pearly pelecypod known as the "Paper" Pecten. Next most common was a little gastropod named Natica. Less common but more spectacular was the famous Dentalium or "tusk" gastropod~ Several fine specimens of these were taken. Only one Turritela was brought up for identification, and not one specimen of venericardia. These apparently come from a higher level than the quarry , for we used to get many of them from the highway cut and above the nearby tunnel portal. About twenty cannon ball concretions were split open, but only two produced any crab fossils worth retaining. Altogether it was a great fossil hunting day and no one went home empty handed. Of great help to the trip leaders and fossil diggers was a set of Weaver's Tertiary fossil books thoughtfully brought along by Leo Simon The weatherman had prognosticated a wet week and so it must have been due entirely to the influence of Clair that the rain ceased at 10:30 P . M. on Saturday night and did not commence again until late Sunday afternoon , long after the last car was on its way home from the Empire Lite-Rock Quarry dig·gings . How many of you caught the bit of by play there? High on t he quarry wall stood Paul Dunn shouting into the pit , rroh May , are you all done? " Downin the pit a hundred feet below dressed all in white and still imrr.aculate after a day in the mud, May kept replying, "Certainly Paul, of course I 'm all Dunn! rr Such are the ingredients of a successful day in the field. Mark up another one , Clair. Respectfully submitted, Lloy d Wilcox P aul Howell
*************** AN EIGHT YEAR OLD 'S DEFINITION OF A COUPLE OF PRE-FOSSIL TYPES , Quote: A Grandmother is a lady who has no children of her own so she likes other people's little girls and boys. A Grandfather is a man Grandmother.
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- 130
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY NEWS OF THE MEMBERS By Lillian Miller
BOB WILBUR is feeling better and may have visitors . He is in the Park View Nursing Home at 2425 S. W. 6th Avenue . Deepe st sympathy is extended to Mrs. Frederick H. Strong on the recent passing of her husband. MRS. STRONG (Lillian Neff) is a charte r member of the Society . MR. and MRS. JOHN MIHELCIC are adventuring - - 23, 000 miles of it . Included in their itinerary are the South Sea Islands , New Zealand, Australia , Singapore , Bangkok, Taiwan, Japan, and Honolulu. What a trip! At the recent Sweet Home Rock and Mineral Show JENNIE and GEORGE WALTERS received a spe cial award ribbon for their non-competitive display of fossils . ERNEST BLAKESLEE and SHIRLEY BISHOP received a second place red ribbon for their entry in the open lapidary cla ss. Congratula tions to all of you . At the Sweet Home Show it was discovered that Col. Quimby Howell of Boise, Idaho, and the 1968 Chairman of the Uniform Rules Committee of the Northwest Federation of Mineralogical Societies is the brothe r of our DR. PAUL HOWELL. Seen at the Sweet Home banquet: AL and RUTH KEEN, GEORGE and JENNIE WALTERS, MILDRED and BRICE WASHBURN, ROWENA HOVEN, SHffiLEY O 'DELL, MARGARET STEERE, GWEN HELM (she received a lovely pendant of Chandler Mountain carnelian as a door prize -- lucky gal!) • and FRED and LILLIAN MILLER.
* * * * * * * * * MEMBERSHIP ROSTER -ADDRESS CORRECTIONS TWEEDLE, Mr. T . W.
6960 SW Canyon Drive Portland, 97225 (Drop 110 Sylva n Bldg. , 2038 SW 58th)
SULLIVAN, Mrs . Irma
524 Warne r Parrott Road (Drop Rt. J, Box 32 9)
Oregon City , 97 04 5 656-7165
COX, Miss Beryl C.
1300 NE 16th Avenue (Drop 12630 SE Main St. )
Portland, 97232
ROSA , lMiss !L . Kate
1300 NE 16th ,A venue
Portland, 97232
********** **
"
292-3777
288-6671
Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
Non-Profit Org.
U. S. POSTAGE PAID 133 S. E. 27th Avenue , Portland, Oregon 97214
Portland, Oregon Permit No. 999
state
1069 state Off ice Bldg. City
Address Correction Requested
97201
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE' OREGON COUNTRY 1968 ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PRESIDENT Mr. Donald D. Barr VICE PRESIDENT Dr. M. P. Chapman SECRETARY Mrs. Robert Waiste TREASURER Mr. George R. Dahlin DIRECTORS Mr. George W. Walters PAST PRESIDENTS Mr . Lloyd A. Wilcox GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER EDITOR Mrs . Peigi Stahl BUSINESS MANAGER Mr. Robert Waiste
12438S. W. OrchardHillRd. Lake Oswego, 97034
246-2785
P . O. Box 297
Sherwood, 97140
625-6628
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Route 1, Box 150
Vancouver, Wn. 98662
892-3427
Mr. Mark Perrault
Miss Clara Bartholomay
Mr. Ralph S. Mason
3235 N. E. 61st Avenue
Portland, 97213
281-2220
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Lake Grove, 97034 Albany, 97321
636-6594 926-4556
OregonCity, 97045
656-7165
Portland, 97 213
284-6700
Portland, 97219
636-5942
Portland, 97202
236-0549
Sherwood, 97140
625-7192
Portland, 97215
234-2318
Portland, 97202
775-5697
Portland, 97215 Portland, 97215
236-8319 236-8319
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Portland, 97214
234-9005
Portland, 97230
253-7446
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Port land, 97214
235-4320
ACTIVITIES CHAIRMEN FIELD TRIPS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox 16650 SW Lake Forest Blvd. Mr . Ralph P . Nafziger 908 S. Ferry St. Apt 7 PROGRAMS Mrs. Irma Sullivan 524 Warner Parrott Road LmRARIAN Mr. Wallace R. McClung 1300 N. E . 49th Avenue LIBRARY NIGHT Dr. Francis G. Gilchrist 0644 S. W. Palatine Hill Rd. LUNCHEONS Mr . Leo F. Simon 7006 S. E. 21st Avenue MEMBERSHIP Mrs. Ruth P . Rawls Route3, Box 296 PUBLICATIONS Miss Shirley M. 0 'Dell 4710 S. E. StarkSt. Apt7 PUBLICITY Mrs . Laurette Kenney 4125 S. E . Gladstone St. TELEPHONE Miss Hazel F. Zimmer 805 S. E. 60th Avenue Miss Ruby M. Zimmer 805 S. E. 60th Avenue ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace HISTORIAN Miss Rowena Hoven 1007 S. E . 21st Avenue HOSPITALITY Mrs . Merle C. Helfrich 251 N. E. 133rd Avenue OMSI FACILITIES Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Mr . Robert Waiste 133 S. E . 27th Avenue
MAY 1968
. GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34, No. .5
~~~~~~~~~~~~---'-~~~--~~~~~~~~- -~~~~~~~~
131
GSOC CALENDAR FOR MAY 1968 Every Thursday
May 10 Friday
)fay 18 - l.9
Saturday Sunday
May 21 Tuesday
LUNCHEON - Y. M. C. A. , 831 S. W. 6th Avenue , Portland, Oregon 12: 00 M. - Mr. Leo F . Simon presides each week at an informal lunchtime get-together in the Mountain Room off the main cafeteria. Plan to attend. LECTURE - Central Library, 801 SW l.Oth Avenue, Portland, Oregon 7:30 P . M. - Speaker will be Mr. James H. Karle, Assistant Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Lewis and Clark College. His topic: "Man's Exploration of the Moon". WORK PARTY AT CAMP HANCOCK The Camp is being rebuilt this year and the Museum needs help in getting the job done. Many· organizations assist in repairs and clean-up at Camp Hancock. The Geological Society has helped out on occasion in the past, including a work party last year. For further information see page 136 of this is~me . POT-LUCK SUPPER - Lewis and Clark College , 0615 SW Palatine Hill Road, Portland The May session of Library Night will be the occasion of the annual pot-luck supper of this program , held as usual beside the swimming pool adjacent to Peebles Hall on the campus of Lewis and Clark College . (If the weather should be cold or wet supper will be served in Peebles Hall), 6:30 P . M , - Chow time. Bring a main dish , a salad, or a dessert as a contllibution toward dinner, and dishes and silver for your party . Coffee and tea will be provided. It is also suggested that you bring field glasses and cameras . Leo Simon will conduct a nature walk, a tour of the gardens of the vast former estate, for those interested. Dr.. James Stauffer will be in charge for the evening. For further information call Mrs. Dorothy Barr, 246-2785
May 24 Friday May 26 Sunday
LECTURE - Central Library , 801 SW 19th Avenue, P J rtland, Oregon. 7:30 P . M. - Dr. John Armentrout, Director of Outdoor Education at OMSI, will -speak to the Society on "The Geology of the Coos Bay Area". FIELD TRIP - Lower Deschutes Canyon ·- Maupin , Oregon. 9: 30 A. M. Meet at the Riverside Hotel in Maupin. Drive through town and across the Deschutes River .bridge to the meeting place at the Riverside Hotel. The Hotel serves excellent breakfasts. Allow a minimum of 2-1 / 2 hour111 travel time. It is 100 miles to Maqpin. Bring lunch, roc\t hammer, camera, lunch, field glasses, fishing tackle, wind breaker, drinking water, and lunch. For further information phone Lloyd Wilcox, 636-6594 . ADVANCE CALENDAR
August 17 - 24
PRES~DENT 'S
CAMPOUT.
See page 136 of this issue for details.
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132 GEOLOGICAL SOCTF.TY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY ----------- - - - - - - -·-· --·· N.EWS OF MEM~8E RS By Lillian Miller
Charter Member MRS. ·W. CLAUDE ADAMS is home after a long stay in the hospital. is still quite weak , but is improving.
She
April 11 , 1968 was a special day for those who attended the weekly luncheon at the YMCA. JESS RENTSCH and others conceived the idea of having a birthday party for BOB WILBUR. MARGARET STEERE furnished one cake. and LAURETTE KENNEY brought another one with a birthday card for all to sign.· Altho tl:ie guest of honor was unable to attend. the celebration went ahead as scheduled, and the group enjoyed a cake decorated with lighted candles. Later , TRUMAN MURPHY, JENNIE AND GEORGE WALTERS took the second cake, the card, and a beautiful camellia from HAZEL AND RUBY ZIMMER to BOB at the Park View Nursing Home: Bob served this cake to the people on his floor the next day . Congratulation? , BOB, and many happy retuz:ns . The Society extends its sympathy to the family of MRS. PAUL VREELAND who passed away recently. · Mr. Mark Harbert , son of MR. AND MRS. MELVIN HARBERT , was recent_ly married to Miss Sally Jo Mallicoat. The young couple will live in Mississippi. REBA WILCOX , who had surgery April fourth , is now home . She can be u·p a few hours each day and would enjoy telephone calls from her friends. DOROTHY WAISTE AND MILDRED WASHBURN are once again on what appears to be their annual trip to San Francisco. After a three-week stay in the Oregon City Hospital for surgery , EMILY M.OLTZNER has returned to the Gladstone Nursing Home. She is doing quite well and would like company. · Mrs. Elva F . Wilbur . mother of BOB WILBUR , passed away April 17th in Hebe r Springs , Arkansas . DR. FRANCES GILCHRIST 's new college text "Embryology" , publi~hed by McGraw-Hill , is just off the press in time for use by fall classes in biology. : The Society wishes Dr. Gilchrist the highest success in this publication venture. The GILCHRISTS are off on their annual spring invasion of California car.rying their trailer home with them. They. expect to cross the Trinity Alps to the.Humboldt coast , stop for a visit in San Francisco with their musician son and hit the Mojave desert in the season of spring flowers . A six-weeks vacation is planned.
* * * * * * MEMBERSHIP ROSTER NEW MEMBER DAWSON, Miss Sylvia E . ADDRESS CHANGE ·WILBUR, Mr . Robert F . MILLER, Dr. & Mrs. Wilmer J .
1717 S. W. Park Avenue
Portland, 97201
2425 S. W. Sixth Avenue 218 Parkridge Circle
Portland, 97201 Ames , Iowa , 50010
223 -7761
MAY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volum3 34 , No. 5
133
THE GREAT GLACIAL FLOODS OF THE COLUMBIKRIVER By Dr . Paul Howell The article below was written to be 'published as a handout folder for the dedication of the glacial erratic at Roosevelt , Washington, and is slanted toward the tourist as well as geologist. The dedication • will take place as soon as the park at Roosevelt is eompleted, This is the erratic that Lloyd Wilcox found . A field trip is scheduled at a future date . Omak the hunter stared in awe and terror at the sight below him. Mighty surges and swirls of water rushed along the great valley where his camp had been. Water there now was deeper than a hundred men standing on each others' shoulders , and still it kept rising . . As he locked, great sections of the valley slopes crumbled anq were swept away in an eye flick . The earth trembled beneath his feet and the air was filled with an oppressing roar of sound. Blasts of wind tore at him , buffeting him so· that he had to hold onto the rocky outcrop beside him , and the wind was cold, very cold. When the great flood had begun, he had seen it coming from afar and s'aw its terrible front frothing and boiling as it swallowed all in its path. · Spume and spray had shot hundreds of feet. in the air . His camp, his woman , his young, his kinfolk , and all his possessions , except those in his hands , had been swept away in one breathing space of time. He did not know whether others of his tribe had escaped or not. He could feel through the ground the huge rocks bouncing on the scoured bedrock as the flood rushed along. Now came floating by great chunks of ice as large as many shelters tied together, and even in this ice there were large rocks being carried along like gravel embedded in driftwood. He knew that the ice chunks came from the great ice land far to the north. Twice he had made the trek there with hunting parties , the last time only five summe rs ago when the valley had first begun to get warmer and the river had begun to get bigger. What terrible punishment was this that the Great Spirit had measured out to his tribe? What had they done to offend him? This was not the first time such a great flood had swept along this valley . There were legends among his people of older great floods . Each time those few who had escaped madesacrifices of appeasement to the Great Spirit and moved back into the valley. All would go well for a few generations , then would come another great flood . Perhaps his people should abandon this cursed valley and move southward to the great interior lakes where birds and game were plentiful. But game and fish were plentiful here, and this was a main route of travel and trade. He turned his back on the fearsome flood and walked away trembling to look for others who may have escaped. Such were the remarkable events that took place about 15, 000 years ago in this valley where you now stand. We do not know for certain if there was a primitive hunter who lived here at that time and escaped, but we do know that there were great floods such as the one described, and even how and why they occurred. Evidence supporting the concept of these great glacial floods (at first thought to be only one great flood) was collected and presented to the world largely through the efforts of one geologist , Dr. J . Harlen Bretz, now Professor Emeritus of Geology at the University of Chicago . He developed the concept in 1923 during work on the channelled scablands of the Columbia Plateau in central Washington, and defended the con7ept singlehandedly and steadfastly for six years before any other geologist was able to see '}\'hat he perceived and came to his support. After 1929 there was a gradual giving way of'resistance to the concept, and $ince 1956 it has been accepted as valid by most geologists. Had our imaginary primitive man been able to follow the events of this great flood, he would have seen its portent in northern Montana and Idaho where the melting of the Purcell and Rathdrum lobes of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet was building up 500 cubic miles of water in ancient Glacial Lake Missoula (see illustration on page 3) . He would have seen its beginning when the accumulating meltwaters burst the ice dam at the north end of the Bitte rroot Range and began their race to the sea. Great icebergs were broken off and carried along,
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L...:.:J ~
~
Edge of Jee Field Scale
MAP OF GLA CIAL LAKE MISSOULA C CAL CF CN Ca CR DC FH FHL
-
Cheney Coeur d · Alene Lake Clark Fork Chandler Narrows Connell Columbia River Drumheller Channels Frenchman Hills Flathead Lake
GC - Grand -Coulee LCC - Lower Crab Creek Le - Lewiston Li - Lind M - Missoula MC - Mose.s Coulee ML - Moses Lake OC - Othello Channels OR -·Okanogan River
1" = 45mi.
AND CHANNELED Po PC Po POL PR
R RP
s
SL
-
Posco Pine Creek Polson Pend Oreille Lake Palouse Rive r Roosev elt Ringold Plai.n Spoko ne Soop Lake ·
SCABLANDS SM
- Saddle Min.
SpR SR UB WC
-
WG
-
Wi C WW YR -
Spokane Rive r Snoke River Umoti I lo Basin Washtucna Co ulee Wal l ula Gap Wi Ison Creek Walla Wallo Yakima R iv er
Modified from Bretz, etal, 1956
r-
~~\..~ :..--
~
LEGEND
'
~
Temporory Flood lmpondments
~
Main Poth of Flood
Scale
A - Albany E - Eugene CR - Columbia River Cl R - Clackamas River NFLR- N. Fk. Lewis River NSR - N. Santiam River OG - Oswego Gap P - Portland
S SH SSR TR V WG WR YR
-
1" = 45 mi.
Solem St. Helens S. Son ti om Ri ver Tualatin Ri ver Vancouver Wi Ila me He Gorge Willamette River Yamhill River
MAP OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY FLOOD IMPONDMENT
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY Great Glacial Floods - cont'd. many with gravel and large chunks of bedrock still embedded within them . From the Bitterroot breach the berg-laden waters raced down the Coeur d' Alene Valley , turned westward across the site of Spokane, and slammed into the Okanogan Lobe of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet. About half the flow caromed off this ice dam and rushed over and down the sluiceway of Grand Coulee. The remainder backed up and overflowed the rim of the sloping plateau all the way back to the site of Spokane. Building up head and volume as Glacial Lake Missoula emptied behind them the flood waters slashed southwestward down across the Columbia Plateau r.ipping away the deep Palouse Soil and bedrock as they went. In their wake they left channels and potholes hundreds of feet deep, and great bars of huge boulders as much as 100 feet high . Part of the flood waters went south to the Snake River , part west and westsouthwest to· the Columbia River, and part southwest toward the future site of Pasco. When the flood water reached the great river valleys , some of it went upstream temporarily, oil the Snake River as far as Lewiston, Idaho , but eventually it all converged on Wallula Gap, the only low passageway through the Horseheaven Hills . This gap , a mile and a half wide and 800 feet deep , could not accommodate all the water converging on it. Much of it overflowed and swept across the adjacent hills , for a short time forming a flow seven miles wide . Af$ the flood built up to its maximum height , waters near the bottom of the Wallula Gap hit an estimated speed of 120 n).iles per hour as they jetted out into the widening valley beyond. The average speed for the flood period was perhaps 50 miles per hour, and at this rate the gap was passing 13 cubic miles of water per hour. An additional cubic mile or two per hour was passing over the adjacent summits. From Wallula Gap the waters rushed westward down into the broad Umatilla Basin. As the slack water built up, huge eddies formed and heaped up great deposits of sand and gravel. But the waters did little more than slacken here. The main current never paused, but tore on down the narrow Columbia Valley beyond. Soon after the flood point has passed, overflow waters from Umatilla Basin were sluicing back into the valley downstream, adding their volume to the torrent. Approximately one hour after leaving and 60 miles downstream from Wallula Gap the flood reached the spot where we stand.· A boiling, frothing front , cascading down on the jet-like pressure t·ongue beneath swept over this point at possibly 50 miles per hour, in a matter of seconds burying the area under an icy, debris-laden torrent hundreds of feet deep . All loose material in the direct path of the slashing currents was picked up and swept along. The topography of the slopes was vastly resculptored, into forms to be recognized as distinctly abnormal by geologists 15 , 000 years later. From this point the flood swept on to The Dalles basin. Just below The Dalles lies Rowena Gap , the cut through Ortley Anticline , and here the great flood hit the second narrow constriction along its route to the sea. Water may have built up here to heights as great as 1200 feet . The bare stripped walls from Ortley Anticline westward to the mouth of Hood River and the great pluck scarps opposite Mosier attest to the high floodpeak velocities through this section of the Columbia Gorge. Approximately four hours after leaving Wallula Gap and three hours after passing our point the flood reached the mouth of the Columbia Gorge at Troutdale, Oregon. A wall of water 500 feet high burst out of the gorge and into the Willamette Valley basin, racing out north and south to fill the void awaiting it there. A great deal of the debris picked up all along the p~th of the flood was dropped here . Repeating floods eventually formed a huge triangular delta 17 miles long, 18 miles wide, and an average 250 feet thick. Much of the flood water easily escaped from the Willamette Valley basin area down the much wider lower gorge to the sea, but outgoing discharge was enough slower that the flood waters, with a 500 foot head pushing on them , rushed southwestward through Lake Oswego gap and southward through the Willamette River gorge into the upper Willamette Valley. In a matter of perhaps 40 hours the valley was filled with iceberg laden waters up to approximate elevation 450 . Calculations based on a lake surface at this elevation (see illustration on page 4) indicate that the valley at maximum impondment held approximately 125 cubic miles of water, or one fourth of Glacial Lake Missoula's output. Evidence for the extent of Willamette Valley flooding comes from the high elevation of several of the hundreds of glacial erratics scattered about the valley. Floating debris , swirling' around in the broad, icy eddies formed during impondment, is thought to have included the carcasses of many mammoths , thus accounting for the local concentrations of their bones and tusks .
MAY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER VoJume 34 , No . 5
~~~~~~~~ ·~~~~~~---,=-~~-=-=~""'""="=,-----'=~~~~~~~~~~~
137
Great Glacial Floods - cont'd.
,,
The flood described here would have to have been one of the largest of the seven glacial floods now believed to have occurred (Bretz, et al , GSA Bull. , Vol. 67 , 1956, p. 990) . In their immensity and destructive power they were entirely unique , especially the largest ones, and are without close parallel as geologic events at any time or place in the known geologic history of the earth. In front of you today stands one of the erratics (ice rafted rocks) left behind by the floods. It has been moved from the reservoir ands et up here in recognition and memory of those . floods . We do this that man in his pride in his accomplishments may not forget the works of nature which provide him with his physical environment on this earth and with suitable places to construct beneficial works such as the dam that created this reservoir.
*'* * * * * * * * * * * I
• I
., .,
WORK PARTY AT CAMP HANCOCK May 18th and 19th Once again the Society is lending a helping hand at Camp Hancock. The Museum is constructing some wooden buildings in place of the tents . The lumber is cut, the buildings properly designed, the concrete poured, and the carpentry started. Now they need people like us to help complete the job. Bring hammers , saws , and the usual food and camping equipment, also be prepared for a little fossil hunting in the nut beds . The camp will be open on Friday evening for those who would like to get an early start. To get to Camp Hancoc~ go from Portland to Maupin to Shaniko to Antelope to Clarno. Cross the bridge at Clarno and go up the hill and down the other side. Thenyou will be on hard top road. Continue for a mile or two , keeping an eye open for an opening in 'the fence to the left - ther~ will be a GSOC sign there - go through the gate and follow the road and power line into camp. (For further information phone Don Barr, 246~2785 . )
* ****** * ****
PRESIDENT'S ANNUAL CAMPOUT INFORMATION Date; August 17 - 24 . Place: OMSI's camp at Coos Bay Cost: Yep!!! Sorry, but there are no State Parks that will take of a group as large as ours, and no 'Fore st Service Camps near by. There will be a charge of 7 5~ 'per person per day . This will include the use of shower and toilet facilities. You may bring tents, trailers , campers , or what have you. Suggested reading: Topog maps of the area, which are the Bandon, Empire, and Coos Bay quadrangles . "Geology and Coal Resources of the Coos Bay Quadrangie" (copies are still available through the PSC bookstore. ) The following Ore Bins , which are available from the Dept. of Geology and Mineral Industries.;. June , 1955 (reprint) - FossU Localities in the Coos Bay Area November , 1966 - Some Revisions in the Geology of the Coos Bay Area April , 1967 - Geology of State Parks near Cape Argo September , 1967 - Palynology and its Paleocological Application in the Coos Bay Area. ( For further information, plione Don Barr, 246-27 85. )
* * * ** * ** ****** *** ***** THANK YOU, ROBERT
1 !
The Geological Society wishes to eipress its gratitude to Bob Wilbur for presenting to the Society his typewri.t er , typing table , and line-a-time. Bob is still making the Park View Nursing Home his headquarters and would be happy to be visited by friends .
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l:t8. OF THE OREGON --'-------- -GEOLOGICAL ----- --SOCIETY ------------
COUNTRY
THE GEOLOGIC STORY OF OREGON A new concept in scientific displays will be begun by your society this summer . A collection of Oregon rock~ minerals and fossils will be made under the direction of GSOC School. Samples of rocks , mine rals and fossils will eventually be completed to .a point that they may be displayed together with maps , thin sections , photographs and other data sufficient to tell the Geologic Story of Oregon. OMS! has made space available , and the display cases have been arranged for initial use this fall . · Any .µiember of the Society may ·collect samples using the form provided (note the copy ..on·: page 139 in this bulletin: ) A special field trip will be arranged early in June for thOSe who wish instruction. However , the samples may be made at any time and at the members' convenience. They m,ay be turned in to any GSOC Scho.o l Faculty member. Samples accepted must be accompanied with the SAMPLE DATA SHEET completed. Uncompleted sheets are valueless for display work. They must also be accompanied with a standard planameteric .m ap showing the location sampled. Complete the "Field Description of Sample" as far as possible. Final data can be worked out in the course of the display work. This is a long term project: First collect the samples , maps must be drawn, tesearch performed, photos , thin sections , chemical analysis and the final writing and display made .. There.is a spot for any· m ember who likes geology in this project. The Executive Board and GSOC School welcomes any member who has ideas to off er and would like t.o join in this activity. Sample data sheets are availabie from the Field Trip Chairman, at the regular meetings and from GSOC School. ·
* * * * *
* * *
LIBRARY NIGHT The spring season of workshop programs on Library Night came to a close with the April 16th session. Mt. Rainier was chosen for the study subject and some pertinent geologic facts were presented and discussed. Dr. Gilchrist had prepared s.everal charts showing the terrain through the several periods before the great volcano made its appearance . Eocene landscape presented a low , flat surface , most of which is hidden by later deposition in the region of the mountain but which is exposed in the Olympics as the Solodent series . This was covered later by the Melchosen formation comparable to Oregon's Siletz volcanics. This was in turn overlain by sedimentary rocks and patches of coal. Oligocene time brought the Keechelus volcanics , - The Eagle . C_reek Formation is well exposed in the Columbia Gorge. This ser1es became the platform for the erection of the present volcano. Miocene time was highlighted by basaltic flows and then the area was then deformed by folded ridges and erosion of the landscape. Pliocene ages saw the;irltrilsionQf the!SnoqU.almie.diorite about.the same time as the Silver Star granodiorite. (Trimble assigns the Silver Star to possibly late Oligo.c ene. ) Plio-Pleistocene period saw the erection of the present Cascade volcanos on the old platform and then the glaciers of the ice age took over transformation of the mountain slopes . Colored slides from contributing members showed much of the geology of the mountain but particularly the outstanding benefits of the waterfalls, forests , canyons., mirror lakes and the lush flora of the region. The workshop program has beena memorable and highly educational feature of the society. It will be continued next fall.
The May session will be the annual picnic on May ?1st and this closes the spring program. See details of the picnic on the calendar page. c . T . L . M.
MAY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34, No. 5
139
SAMPLE DATA SHEET Specimen #_ _ Rock_ _ Mineral_ _ Fossil Collector's Name Near est Town
Date _ _ _ _1/ 4 , Sec. _ _T _ _R _ _ w. M.
Map~~~~~~~~~~~~-
x mark spot sample taken. Snap Shot (If possible) . # same as sample. Permanent Field Marker. (Bridge, Tower, etc. ) Use direction and distance to location of sample.
,
Location 111ust be specific so that sample location can readily be found in the field and on the map. · Field Description of Sample. Structure Color Texture Mineral content Field name Phenocrysts , Lt. & Dk. Weathering Formation Other Sketch map of Field Location--
Show sample locality
•
Sketch map of Vertical Features of Locality-- Show sample locality.
Field Note s - - Use back of page to outline geologic features of locality.
140
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY RECEI PTS AND DISBURSEMENTS For year endin~ February 29 , l 9 G8
PORTLAND FEDERAL SAVINGS Balance on deposit February 28 , 1967 Interest earned for year ending Decembe r 31 , 1967
$ 2 , 105. 01 107 . 21
Balance on deposit F ebruar y 29 , 1968
$ 2,,2 12 . 24
UNITED STATES NATIONAL BANK $ 1 , 011 . 02
Balance on deposit February 28 , 1967 Receipts: Membership dues (1967-$597 . 00) (1968-$1 , 274 . 00) $1, 871. 00 Banquet (1967-$310. 65) (1968-$204 . 00) 514. 65 Subscriptions and publications sold 6. 00 Field trip reservations 12 9. 50 Tuition fees 1968 GSOC school 855. 00 Total Receipts
3 ,37 6. 15
$ 4 , 387 . 17 Disbursements: Newsl etter-publishing and mailing Me mbership promotion & ot her publicity Honorariums Materials for OMSI exhibit Supplies for annual picnic Banquet (1 967 - $75 . 15) (1968- $40 . 60) Library auditorium rental Office supplies and postage GSOC school (1967 - $409. 10) (1968-$409 . 95) Bus charter for field trip Books purchased for GSOC library Miscellaneous expenditures Total Disbur sements
$
855. 65 $ 53. 91 65.75 31. 35 17 . 56 115. 75 45. 00 45.16 819. 05 111. 54 49. 25 29. 30
•
2 , 239. 27
Balan ce on deposit F ebruary 29, 1968
$
2, 147 . 90
Total all funds on deposit February 29, 1968
$
4,360 . 14
HO W ABOUT YOU ? The organization needs a Chairman for the Annual GSOC Picnic held in Mt. Tabor Park. It will be August 9th this year . It isn 1t difficult and iast year's Chairman has the de tails down in black and white ready to be passed along for guidance. The chair may be filled by a man, a woman, or a couple. Volunteers should phone Don Barr at 246-27 85.
•
Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
Non-Profit Org.
U. S. POSTAGE PAID
133 S. E. 27th Avenue , P ortland, Or egon 97214
Portland, Oregon Permit No. 999
Stat.. ... . .
t!" c.:~o n
Dept. o,_' i;oology & Mineral Indust .
10£9 6"'tate Off ice Bldg. City
Addre ss Correct ion Requested
97201
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY ,l 968 ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PRESIDENT Mr. Donald D. Barr VICE PRESIDENT Dr. M. P. Chapman SECRETARY Mrs. Robert Waiste TREASURER Mr. George R . Dahlin DIRECTORS Mr. George W. Walters PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER EDITOR Mrs. Peigi Stahl BUSINESS MANAGER Mr. Robert Waiste
12438S. W. OrchardHillRd. Lake Oswego, 97034
246-2785
P.O. Box 297
Sherwood, 97140
625-6628
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Route 1, Box 150
Vancouver, Wn. 98662
892-3427
Mr. Mark Perrault
Miss Clara Bartholomay
Mr. Ralph S. Mason
3235 N. E . 61st Avenue
Portland, 97213
281-2220
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Lake Grove, 97034 Albany, 97321
636-6594 926-4556
OregonCity, 97045
656-7165
Portland, 97 213
284-6700
Portland, 97219
636-5942
Portland, 97202
236-0549
Sherwood, 97140
625-7192
Portland, 97215
234-2318
Portland, 97202
775-5697
Portland, 97215 Portland, 97215
236-8319 236-8319
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Portland, 97214
234-9005
Portland, 97230
253-7446
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Port land, 97214
235-4320
ACTIVITIES CHAIRMEN FIELD TRIPS Mr. Lloyd A . Wilcox 16650 SW Lake Forest Blvd. 908 S. Ferry St. Apt 7 Mr. Ralph P. Nafziger PROGRAMS Mrs. Irma Sullivan 524 Warner Parrott Road LIBRARIAN Mr. Wallace R. Mcclung 1300 N. E. 49th Avenue LIBRARY NIGHT Dr . Francis G. Gilchrist 0644 S. W. Palatine Hill Rd. LUNCHEONS Mr. Leo F. Simon 7006 S. E. 21st Avenue MEMBERSHIP Mrs. Ruth P. Rawls Route3, Box 296 PUBLICATIONS 4710 S. E. StarkSt. Apt7 Miss Shirley M. 0 'Dell PUBLJCITY Mrs . Laurette Kenney 4125 S. E. Gladstone St. TELEPHONE Miss Hazel F. Zimmer 805 S . E. 60th Avenue Miss Ruby M. Zimmer 805 S. E . 60th Avenue ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS Mr . Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace HISTORIAN Miss Rowena Hoven 1007 S. E . 21st Avenue HOSPITALITY Mrs. Merle C. Helfrich 251 N. E . 133rd Avenue OMSI FACILITIES 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace Mr . Ralph S. Mason PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Mr. Robert Waiste 133 S. E. 27th Avenue
JUNE 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , No . 6
141
G. S. 0 . C. CALENDAR FOR JUNE 1968 Every Thursday
June 14 Friday June 15 Saturday
LUNCHEON - Y. M. C. A. , 831 SW 6th Avenue , Portland, Oregon 12: 00 M. - Every Thursday noon GSOCers and guests assemble in the Mountain Room (off the Main Cafeteria) for an informal luncheon meeting. Plan to attend as often as you can. Luncheons Chairman is Leo Simon. LECTURE - Central Library, 801 SW 10th Avenue , Portland, Oregon 7:30 P . M. - Dr. Erwin Lang , Professor at Portland State College, will give an illustrated talk on meteorites titled "Rocks from the Sky" . FIELD TRIP' - To Mount Hood area. GSOC School will conduct a field trip from Portland to Mt. Hood to prepare a selection of rocks for the "St ory of Oregon in Rocks" di splay at OMSI. This trip is to acquaint GSOC members with the technique of sampling for the permanent display at OMSI. . '
8:00 A. M. - Meet at Fred Meyer parking lot at 189th and E . Burnside Bring lunch and rock equipment. For further information phone Mark Perrault at 292-4841. June 18 Tuesday
No LIBRARY NIGHT during summer months . Will resume in September.
June 22 Saturday
FIELD TRIP - Saddle Mountain. Clara Bartholomay Trip Leader . . 9:30 A. M. - Meet at Saddle Mountain State Park. To get there take highway 26 for 66 _m iles west of Portland to Park Junction,_ turn right and go about 6 miles north to the camp grounds. This will be a hiking trip to the top of Saddle Mountain. Bring lunch, rock hammer , flower identification book, rain gear, etc.
/
For further information phone Clara at 284-6986, or field trip co-chairman Lloyd Wilcox at 636-6594. June 28 Friday
LECTURE - ·Central Library, 801 SW 10th Avenue , Portland, Oregon. 7:30 P . M. - "Crisis in Oregon Estuaries" will be the topic of Mr William Wick, Marine Advisory Program Leader, 0 . S. U. Marine Scie nce Center, Newport. This will be illustrated. ·
ADVANCE CALENDAR August 17 - 2-:l-
PRESIDENT'S CAMPOUT. . For any information required at this time phone President Don Barr, at 246-2785.
************
l ' .•
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY ~~E"\1lS
OF 11~~"1DEil.S By· Lill'i.an !v!lll·~ r
DR. FREEDA HARTZFELD JONES will retire in June after serving Lewis and Clark· College twenty-five years. She was dean of women for eighteen years, and has been assistant to the president of the college for seven years. The Society extends its sympathy to the family of MRS. HUGH MILLER who passed away recently after a lingering illness. LEO SIMON has just completed forty-one years of service on the board of the Oregon Audubon Society. · Members were glad to see BOB WILBUR at the library night. pot luck. DR. TED G. LATHROP is the author of an interesting and informative article entitled "Hypothermia, Kill er of the Unprepared" in the Mazama Yearbook for 1967. It pertains to death by "exposure" and the hazards of cold which must be met by mountaineers and outdoorsmen. Look for it soon in our library. MR. and MRS. THEODORE JOHNSTON of Moro attended the lecture on May 10. On May 17 she wrote, "We do plan to go. (on the Deschutes trip) . Theodore is busy cutting some California black (banded) onyx for bookends and pen sets . I saw Helen Bruckert yesterday at a meeting. They are both 0 . K. " · From a note by HELEN and ROBERT LEONARD -- ..t 1In the fifties and early sixties the GSOC meetings and trips were one of our deep satisfactions ----nicest people, as a group, we ever met. rr From WILSON and DOROTHY APPELGREN, Hood River: "For two or three years we so enjoyed the field trips on Memorial Day, but our business is such that we are not always free to get away and do not always know too far in advance. Our thoughts are often with you. " · From DR. and MRS. WILMER MILLER (LOTUS SIMON): 11 • • • • • I'm beginning to be able to take part in the local Rock and Mine.r al Club and we collected plant fossils, red pyrite and pineapple calcite on a stormy field trip at the Knoxville strip mines in March. Since I grew up in the Society, I like to keep track of old friends and especially my parents , who do not write often. When I show kodachromes of Oregon, I like to be able to check in the bulletin articles on recent geological interpretation. " FLORENCE 0 , VANCE , Charter Member and Honorary Life Member , passed away April 26, 1968 in California. Mrs. Vance's fifteen years of News Letters are available to some member who is interested. JOHANNA SIMON and JEAN GRIFFITHS celebrated birthdays in May. Many happy returns!! Recently, MRS.· LOIS I. BAKER, retiring University of Oregon faculty member, was honored for her work at the University at an invitational dinner . Mrs . Baker was a professor of library administration and law librarian.
APPELGREN, Mr. and Mrs . Wilson CAMERON, Florence HAHN, Mr. and Mrs . Henry D. O'BRIEN , Mr. William C. THOMS, Miss Meredifu WERTH . Mr. and Mrs . John H.
MEMBERSHIP ROSTER Address Changes P . 0 . Box 150 336 S. W. 3rd Avenue P . 0 . Box 863 4 655 SE Thiessen Rd. 2545 SW Terwilliger Blvd. Terwilliger Plaza #635 16685 SW Royalty Parkway
Hood River , 97031 Portland, 97204 Redmond, 97756 Milwaukie , 97222 Portland, 97201 Tigard, 97223
JUNE 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34, No. 6
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-
143
OUR UNKNOWN EARTH "Our Unknown Earth", a book by French author Francois Derrey, was recently translated into English and published here by Stein and Day. A copy· of this fascinating book is on display at the main branch of the Public Library and will soon be in circulation. The following passa~es were taken verbatum from the text. · (From the jacket) "Our Unknown Earth" describes all the seemingly crazy - a nd seemingly serious - theories held now and through history of the origin of the earth and the sola r system it moves in. It explores the relation of myth to reality. Was there a flood? Did the Red Sea part? Was there an Atlanti s ? Is the nuclear world, s weather really changing ? ANCIENT MAPS (from chapter three) In 1929 an ancient map of America was discovered at Istanbul. An inscription in the margin explained that the document was the work of Piri Reis , a grand admiral of the Turkish fleet, and that he had made it in 1513. • The author went on to explain that he had used information furnished by one of Co lumbus ,s sailors, who had been taken prisoner in a battle, as well as by maps going back 'to Alexander the Great. · The scholars were astonished by the outline of the Brazilian and Argentjnian coasts which Columbus had not explored. The map also depicted lands to the extreme south for which they could find no corresponding geographical location. In the course of the years 1949 - 52, an international scientific expedition undertook to carry out a vast campaign of seismic research in the Antarctic. This operation aimed at determining the thickness of the ice cap and, by deduction, at establishing the configuration . of the subjacent continental base. It was thus possible to establish a map of the Antarctic such as it would appear if the ice cap were to melt.
During this time, an American explorer, Mallery, had, with the help of the Hydrographic Service of the United States Navy, redrawn Piri Reis's map using Mercator's proj ection. When they could finally compare the reconstructed map and the new map of the Antarctic the evidence confronted then.: the admiral of the Turkish fleet had 'd rawn with precision one part of th e coast of the Antarctic (the Queen Maude area in particular) . Even better: since certain discrepancies between the two documents were visible, n ew seismic soundings were made. They proved that the ancient map was correct. The Antarctic was , in fact , being explored with ancient maps. The discovery of Piri Reis ,s map was accompanied by great publicity . Atatu.rk wanted to examine the document personally. If there was an falsification it must have taken place b,e fore 1929, and no one at that time could have drawn the Queen Maude area, which by then was covered by two thousand meters of ice. The authenticity of the document cannot be doubted. It has been recognized by the American Geographical Soc'iety and the Royal Geographical Society. The incident of the Piri Reis map is not an isolated one. In fact, ancient Nordic maps, which show Greenland divided into three islands , have been found in an Icelandic cathedral. The seismic study of Greenland was undertaken by the French polar expedition of Paul-Emile Victor. It confirmed that under the glacial cap Greenland was in reality composed· of three separate islands whose outlines corre·s ponded well with the drawings on ancient documents . What conclusions can be drawn from these facts? It is certain that some peoples with a high degree of civilization traveled around the globe before the existing polar caps were completely formed. This brings us at least five thousal).d years back, ·and probably even further. It also proves that we are far from havin5 examined all the knowledge of the past. THE EARTH IS HOLLOW (from chapter fiy e) It was not an enlightened "wizard" who came up with the 11 scientific" theory of an ea rth which is hollow and inhabited inside. The man who did this was in fact one of the greatest
144
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-
COU~RY
OUR UNKNOWN EARTH - cont'd. astronomers of all time , the first to set up a catalogue of the southern stars who demonstrated the correct movement of the stars , who observed a nd announced for the first time the return of a comet , and who was the author of the first studies of the variations of the earth's magnetic field. His name is Edmund Halley. He imagined an earth which looked somewhat like those Russian wooden dolls that fit inside one another. If the whole thing were taken apart , it would reveal in the center a solid ball about the size of Mercury. This ball was fixed in a kind of shell. There was a second sphere covering this , and finally there was the third , which is the one we live on. Between these spheres was an atmosphere making life possible on each one of them. Halley figured that the absence of a sun could be compensated for by either each atmosphere's particular luminescence, or by the bright light of the concave inner walls which could be covered with incandescent material , like the sun itself. Due to this system, Halley offered in 1776 an explanation for the phenomenon of the aurora borealis. The flattening of the globe at the poles proved . according to him, that the earth's crust was thinner at these points, thus becoming transparent so that the light from the interior world could pass through it. Indeed, thought Halley, it would have been a great waste on the part of the Creator to have such a wealth of material serve only as a support for our world. The arrangement that he had in mind corresponded quite simply, he said, to a rational use of space , similar to that which prompts men to build houses several stories high. One might justifiably ask how it was possible for such a great scholar to become involved in such a theory . Most surprising of all is that he was led to it by the most serious kind of scientific thinking. He had noticed that the earth's magnetic field was in ceaseless motion. He thought that this stemmed from the fact that th8 different terrestrial spheres did not turn at exactly the same speed. THE SNOWBALL PRINCIPAL (from chapter six) A snowball which rolls over a field of snow gets bigger until it become s hard to move; all children have tried the experiment at some time or other. Could not their game reproduce also the formation of the earth? We have tried up to now to explain the earth's birth by the cooling of incandescent stellar matter; may we not suppose , on the contrary , that it was formed by the slow accretion of cosmic dust?
The hypothesis is not new since it was advanced - in a differ ent form , it is true by the philosopher Kant. The principle itself is simple: in a cloud of cosmic dust the particles gathered around some nuclei. The process begins cold. But little by little, gravity and radioactivity raise the temperature of the planet as it is forming . Opinions differ among cosmologists as to the origin of this planetar y "primary substance" . To some the sun captured a cloud of cosmic dust . The accretion theories rest above all on the discovery of clouds of cosmic dust and on the abundance of the "rain" of micro-meteorites constantly fallong on our earth. Some cosmic clouds can reach several light years in diameter. Their contraction sometimes gives birth to two or three stars . The residual matter can form planetary systems. Scientific estimates of the quantity of cosmic dust received by the earth keeps growing in staggering proportions . The last count advanced is suitably shocking: two and a half billion tons per year . This figure was established in 1963 by a young French researcher, Tovy Grjebine, by observations of the sun, crosschecking .the observations made by artificial satellites , notably the Explorer, which had given ten million tons a day. The consequences of this discovery are limitless. Each year the earth receives from the cosmos a mass of iron equa l to half the world's metallurgic production. But there is something more important, if the fall of cosmic dust has remained constant since the formation of the earth's crust , we can estimate that it has deposited on our globe
JUNE 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER -------
145
Volume 34 , No . 6
OUR UNKNOWN EARTH - cont 1d. a layer from twenty to twenty-five feet thick accordir.g to the age of the crust . Certainly it is possible that we passed through galactic regions very rich in cosmic substances . At any rate the abundance of cosmic matter is generally considered a strong presumption in favor of accretion. Some believe the sun itself was formed in the cloud. In the later case the planets would have formed before the sun, the thermonuclear reaction taking a very long time to release itself in the central nucleus of the primitive cloud.
************ LOWER DESCHUTES CANYON FIELD TRIP For GSOC members a successful field trip consists of interesting additions to our knowledge of Geology led by an articulate and well informed leader who is occasionally chall enged by someone who feels himself as capable , thus giving the rest of us needed brain stretching Mixed with the serious education, we enjoy the pleasure of the company of old friends and the acquaintance of new folks whose interests are parallel. On May twenty-sixth Lloyd Wilcox led eighteen cars of us on a most successful one of these trips along the Deschutes R iver from Maupin to Macks Canyon Camp Ground. Our gathering point was the Riverside Hotel at Maupin at 9:30 A. M. The Peyrees of Salem arrived on Saturday night in time for dinner in order not to be late , and several more of us enjoyed our breakfast there on Sunday morning and were waiting to greet the Theodore Johnstons of Moro , the Walter Bruckerts of wa's co , Wes Olson of Portland and his host Dr. Chapman, Mr. & Mrs . Ly le Gabel and two sons of Wapinitia (she was a former student of our Dr . Ruth Hopson Keen} , four members of the Maupin school faculty - Mr. Don Heldt , Mrs . Cherie Heldt, Mr. Gary Oppligen, and Mr . :Gary Sather·, · and the several other cars of friends from Portland who arrived just in time for the beginning of the tour . ·Lloyd Wilcox led us for the opening view of the trip to the hilltop on the slope of the Klondike anticline about six miles beyond the hotel. From there we were supposed to see Tygh Ridge , the Des chutes formation (according to Russel) or the Madras Formation (according to Hodge) and later determined as part of the Dalles formation and under that name is now most generally accepted. In any case the only point of conjunction and relation of these formations at this time were rendered mostly invisible by fog . Lloyd faithfully pointed them out and we all strained to observe them with varying success (probably depending on which us had been there before). Returning to the hotel we stopped to pick up the late comers and found a young man on the porch displaying a rather beautiful large rock he had thought to be a bone but which Leo assured him was only a rock often mistaken for petrified bone , but we all admired its beauty . Again getting under way the caravan started downstream along the Deschutes River opposite the side carrying the railroad tracks . Alonghere the Dalles formation , of Pliocene lavas forms the capping material and is all level and sometimes interfingered with the sand and gravel which separates this lava from the Coriba material below. From these gravel beds springs may be seen emerging at the top of the Coriba. Here let it be explained that partly in the Pliocene and partly in the Pleistocene periods volcanic action blocked the drainage and there occured a period of ponding which Hodge called "Lake Condon". The streams entering the lake lost their carying power and left their load of gravels there at the shore line and are now found at the 1900 foot elevation. The finer silts carried on into the lake and these surfaces are at llOO and 1300 foot elevations. In Pleistocene times the Columbia and Snake rivers found their way into the lake , raising its level to the point of spilling over at the lowest westerly point and starting the cutting of the Columbia Gorge , 'eventually emptying the lake to the point that the present streams-the Des chutes , John Day , Umatilla , etc. that are flowing north to the Columbia, were meander streams that have gradually cut their way through the softer materials to their present beds and formed the present canyons . Today we enjoyedfollowingthemeandersof theDeschutesandthe observation of the Tygh Ridge Fault that tends to control the course of the river here. Interesting too were the occasional breaks or cuts through the canyon forming transverse faults bisecting both the river and sometimes even the big fault ridge . Our second stop was at an area called Blue Hole where many people
_14_6_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ G_E_O_L_O_G_I_CA_L_S_O_C_I_E'I'._Y__Q_~>"HE OREGON COUNTRY
were fishin5 for s teelhead. Here the Western Rod and Rer'" l Club of Portland have in:.;'.i:alleci ramps for the convenience oi handicapped fishermen , a nd these were in use. A group of young Indian children were enjoying a lunch around the back of a station wagon near the _road. At this point the Coriba reaches the top of .the bench but bends low down again at Oak Springs, producing the question of whether this is c~used by faulting or erosion. Across the river at Oak Springs is the fish hatchery of that name. The last building upstream was once the power house for the town of Maupin. The old pen stock pipe is also visible as is the one below the hatchery that used to supply the water in the earlier days for the steam lo comotives. A little further along is the mouth of the White River , a railroad trestle and the end of the Dalles formation . Here a freight train obligingly corssed for the benefit of the photographers in the group. A mile further along the road the brick bat lavas are appearing at water level and the river has narrowed considerably and has become deeper. Again , of more interest to photographers than to geologists , appear the fishing grounds at Sherar's Bridge , much in use this lovely sunny Sunday. Here we cross the Buck Hollow Creek bridge ~nd follow the Bureau of Land Management 1 s road down river . Now begin many large canyons, dry for the most part, but drainingto and across the river. This raises the geological question of whether they are faults or erosional features , and gives grounds for rousing arguments . Also , unfortunately , just here appeared the passenger train making its scenic once-or-twice a year Gorge trip to Madras and back to Portland which this year was carrying Fred and Lillian Miller and which we picture-shooters had hoped to get coming through the tunnel that is still a couple of miles ahead. It was a long train but we did the best we could at shooting it in sections . Then quickly we turnedour cameras . on a herd of black cattle being driven up the road by car. Passing the railroad bridge and winding up the hill we stopped above the tunnel crossing an ancient meander of the river. At the top of the tunnel is a turnout from which by crossing the railroad bridge one can reach old Indian graves on the other side. The Indians take a dim v{ew of sucl:i activities since the railroad workmen many years ago plundered the graves even of skulls and bones . Why?? However, there are caves there containing pictographs which , with Indian permission and perhaps guidance, may be entered for photography and st~dy . One of the local teachers said he.had enjoyed the privilege but much walking is required. At the 12 mile point there is a light bank of rock composed of sand and pebbles visible across the river that denotes fast moving drainage sometime back in the Miocene period . As time was getting short we made no stop at Oakbrook view or Oak Creek Canyon, Jones Canyon or Gert Canyon; only noting their features by following our excellent trip guides . (These are only a quarter and Lloyd might JUST have one more. ) We spent a very pleasant hour at Beavertail Campground eating lunch , taking pictures and visiting. One group had a table under a hackberry tree and enjoyed Leo Simon's story about it, its habits of growth, etc. After lunch we stopped opposite the Great Blue Heron rookery on a small island in the river . Here everyone's fieldglasses came into useand much argument ensued allalongthe bankas to whether the visible nests belonged to the heron or just to crows , whether what one person saw was a birdor a rock, or what another saw was a feeding animal or a floating log , etc. , etc. A few saw a tanager -or was it an oricle? ·The discuss"ions raged and a good time was had by all. Two or three more stops were made to point out interesting canyons , exposed faults, odd columnar jointing exposed in a railroad cut, and peculiar· layering in thin "stacked paper" appearance across the river . A_small syncline cliff across the river forms a trough cut by spring water. Here are the remains of an old flume . Was it for water or for gold washing? A stop by some old abandoned f¢ight cars was opposite a sudden dip of strata across the river bringing up the question of whether it was the plunging nose of flow lobe or the face of the Tygh Ridge .fault. Box Elder Canyon cut in at the next bend, showing a grassy h ill face quite different from the forms of the other canyon sides in this area. The old Ferry Canyon and the ferry docks and buildings marked another record of human settlement and development. Just ahead of this was the little siding of Sinamox at which point could be seen the fault ex.tending across the river and behind us as a trough up the hill with a notch at the top. Another transverse fault cutting of the Tygh Ridge Fault. We ended our trip 'a t the Macks Qanyori campground where there is an interesting Federal Archeological dig of ancient Indian pit hous~s under strong fence . And who minds mixing the study of sciences a bit? Here we g.id each other good-bye and the fishermen in the
JUNE 1968
. GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , No . 6
147
Lower Deschutes Canyon Field Trip - cont'd. party stayed to try their· luck in the Deschutes. The end of a delightful day marred only by the absence of friends who didn't brave P ortland's rainy morning to join us - Effie Hall
•
•
(Rumor has it that the original plans of the Bureau of Land Management included a footbridge across the water to Cedar Isla nd, making a picnic area of the island This would definitely have spelled the end of the Blue Heron rookery on the is land Our own Ruth Keen got wind of this and was instrumental in negotiating with the Bureau to phase out this project. editor's note) ;y
*******
CAMP HA.NCOCK WORK TRIP Rowena Hoven Eleven carpenter-types and one dog made up the GSOC members of the work party at Camp Hancock on the weekend of May 19th. There were supposed to be two additional me mbers but they were unable to find the camp, despite the pounding of hammers and the buzzing of saws that echoed through the Clarno hills. The Distinguished Service Cross , composed of two bent nails on a field of blood. goes to Lloyd Wilcox who "volunteered" to drive the OMSI truck loaded with lumber from Portland to the camp. He started Friday evening but soon made a forced stop at Bridal Veil to repair a flat tire. Unfortunately this also involved unloading the lumber , improvising a jack . and then · reloading. He arrived about .6: 00 a . m. on Saturday and then proceeded to work all day. Concerned friends helped him into bed early Satu rday ev ening. Many changes are taking place at Camp Hancock and A-frames are replacing the tents . The men put the rough lumber on two of the buildings and the women were assigned the job of removing the nails from the secondhand wood being utilized for this purpose . After five minutes of working and unladylike muttering, they were christened the "Hitty Missys" During dinner a problem arose because there were two Ralphs gathered around the tables . one of them being the Barr dog. To end the confusion, he was designated as Ralph-IV {as in IV legs) , while the two-legged Ralph was called Ralph-II. Soon after dinner the crickets were in full voice and reached a crescendo about 10 hours later. The evening was spent walking to the nut beds and rendering first aid to bruised thumbs and splintered hands . The next morning most of the camp was up at a reasonable hour and the hammering resumed, with the supervisors outnumbering the slaves. While the stragglers were enjoying a late breakfast , Mr. and Mrs. Phil Brogan delighted us by stopping by to visit and to take pictures . Later most of the group managed to roam the hills again. Dorothy Barr worked diligently in the nut beds and was rewarded with some nice specimens . The boys went snake hunting; others visited the mammal beds and enjoyed the geology and beauty of the area It was 5: 00 p. m . before Clara (preserving her record of always being the last one to leave camp) closed the gate and tucked the GSOC sign in the mailbox. The epilogue of this weekend is that Wally graciously invited Lloyd to ride home with him as someone else was driving the jinxed truck. They had an enjoyable journey but they had to make one stop -- to change a flat tire of course. It was satisfying and inspiring weekend (Lloyd spells it h-e-c-t-i-c). John Ruskin once wrote, "These.stones are sacred because we handled them. 11 Well, thereare two A-frames in the Clarno hills with rough boards and bent nails that are sacred to the following: The Don Barr Family, Lloyd Wilcox , George and Jennie Walters , Wally McClung, Ralph Nafsinger , Margaret Steere , Clara Bartholomay and Rowena Hoven.
GEOLOGIC TIME CHART AGE DIVISIONS
DURATION
ERA
I AN IMAi
I
-0 z
w TERTIARY
I
I
-----·------------- --·MI OCENE ........... -------------· - ---OLIGOCENE ......... -------- - -- -- -- ---EOCENE
----·-··--··--·-** PALEOCENE
(.)
0 N 0
MAMMALS·-·
~
FLOWERING BO NY FISH ••• TREES BIROS ANO SHELL FISH-·· ·- SHRUBS ARTHROPODS
-0
N
0
w
_J <(
CL
-
CD ~
<( (.) I
w a:: CL
-
REPTILES
CONI FERS CYCADS
-
-
FER NS
-
MISSISSIPPIAN
z0 :::::> Cl)
co~ -
er:
I.LI
(...)_
AM PHIBIANS
-
IN SECTS
-
I"
-
SILURIAN **
SHARKS
-
GRENVILLE OROGENY ** OLDEST KNOWN ROCKS IN NORTH AMERICA** OLDEST KNOWN ROCKS (MURMANSK AREA)** PROBABLE AGE OF THE EARTH
-
LUN GFISH
COROAITES TREE FE RN S
-
11 36 -------- ---......... -- ----- ....... 22 58 ------- .. -----·----·----5 63
72
135
46
181
49
230
50
280
40
320
25
345
0 I'-
r<>
60
405
20
425
75
500 .
-
CORALS BRACHIOPOOS
TRILOBITES
62
13
----·-------.... ...... 12 25 ------- ----- . .... --- -- ---
-
PRIM ITIVE SCALE TREES ANO TR EE FERNS
-
- ECHINODERMS
0.011
-
PS ILOPHYTES
-
ORDOVICIAN**
-
SCALE TREES
CALAMIT ES
-
DEVONIAN
-
12
·-·----
r<>
TRIASSIC -
*
EPOCH
0.011
----· -·---
GINKGOS
-
CAMBRIAN**
z <( -a::
----
----
PERMIAN
(.)
.........
--·
CRETACEOUS
PENNSYLVANIAN
AGO
r--
---- -0
·-·
MILLIONS OF YEARS
I.Oi i -------· --------------I I
---·· -
- -
---·--
JURASSIC
--
MAN •••
(/)
w
ERA
EPOCH
PLIO CENE
0
I
!LANT
PERIOD
RECENT QUATER- ---------------------NARY PLEISTOCENE
N
u
BEGINNING
IN MILLIONS OF YEARS
PERIOD
(.)
TIME
DOMINANT LIFE
FUNGI ALGAE
100
.
BEG INNING OF PRIMITIVE PLANT AND AN I MAL LIFE
*ADAPTED FROM KULP, 1961 **ROCKS OF THIS AGE NOT KNOWN TO EXIST IN OREGON
600 1000 3200
0 0 0
3400
'¢
4600 STATE OF OREGON DEPART M.ENT OF GEOLOGY AND M INERA L INDUSTRI ES
I
Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
Non-Profit Org.
U.S. POSTAGE
PAID
133 S. E. 27th Avenue , Portla nd, Or egon 97214
Portland, Oregon Permit No. 999
PROPBRTY OP LIBRARY ORSQON DP PT. OBOL. & Ml'1ERA L INDUil. STATI! OFF!CB fl L0'1., POH'1'LA. ll>, OREO.
State of Oregon
MiDeral. mdust. lo69 state Office B148. Dept. Of Geology &
City
Address Corre ction Request ed
97201
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY ,1968 ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PRESIDENT Mr. Donald D . Barr VICE PRESIDENT Dr. M. P. Chapman SECRETARY Mrs. Robert Waiste TREASURER Mr. Georg~ R . Dahlin DIRECTORS Mr. George W. Walters PAST PRESIDENTS Mr . Lloyd A. Wilcox
12438 S. W. Orchard Hill Rd. Lake Oswego, 97034
246-2785
P.O. Box 297
Sherwood, 97140
625-6628
133 S. E . 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Route 1, Box 150
Vancouver, Wn. 98662
892-3427
Mr. Mark Perrault
Mi ss Clara Bartholomay
Mr. Ralph S. Mason
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER EDITOR Mrs. Peigi Stahl BUSINESS MANAGER Mr. Robert Waiste
3235 N. E. 61st Avenue
Portland, 97213
281-2220
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
ACTIVITIES CHAIRMEN FIELD TRIPS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox Mr. Ralph P. Nafziger PROGRAMS Mrs. Irma Sullivan
16650 SW Lake Forest Blvd. Lake Grove, 97034 908 S. Ferry St. Apt 7 Albany, 97321
636-6594 926-4556
524 Warner Parrott Road
656-7165
OregonCity, 97045
LIBRARIAN Mr . Wallace R. McClung 1300 N. E. 49th Avenue Portland, 97213 LIBRARY NIGHT Dr. Francis G. Gilchrist 0644 S. W. Palatine Hill Rd. Portland, 97219 LUNCHEONS Mr . Leo F. Simon 7006 S. E. 21st Avenue Portland, 97202 MEMBERSHIP Mrs. Ruth P. Rawls Route 3, Box 296 Sherwood, 97140 PUBLICATIONS Miss Shirley M. 0 'Dell 4710 S. E. StarkSt. Apt7 Portland, 97215 PUBLICITY Mrs. Laurette Kenney 4125 S. E. Gladstone St. Portland, 97202 TELEPHONE Miss Hazel F. Zimmer 805 S. E. 60th Avenue Portland, 97215 Miss Ruby M. Zimmer 805 S. E . 60th Avenue Portland, 97215 ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace Portland, 97221 HISTORIAN Miss Rowena Hoven 1007 S. E . 21st Avenue Portland, 97214 HOSPITALITY Mrs. Merle C. Helfrich 251 N.E. 133rdAvenue Portland, 97230 OMS! FACILITIES Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace Portland, 97221 PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Mr. Robert Waiste 133 S. E . 27th Avenue Port land, 97214
284-6700 636-5942 236-0549 625-7192 234-2318 775-5697 236-8319 236-8319 244-2106 234-9005 253-7446 244-2106 235-4320
JULY 1968
GEOLOGICA1, NEWS LETTEil Volume 34, No. 7 G. S. 0. C.
Every Thursday
149
~~~~~~~~~--~~-
CA-~ENDAR
FOR JULY 1968
LUNCHEON - Y. M. C. A. , 831 S. W. 6th Avenue, Portland Oregon .
.
12:00 M. - Lunch with Leo and his friends in the Mountain Room. Make your food selections (it can be as little as a cup of coffee) in the main cafeteria, turn right after you have passed the cashier's stand and go straight back. Visitors are always welcome, ap.d may bring geological specimens or ask questions as do Society members. July 12 Friday
LECTURE - Central Library, 801 S. W. 10th Avenue , Portland, Oregon, 7:30 P. M. Mr. Fr~ncis Murphy, TV Editor. for The Oregonian will speak on recent archeological finds in the Quintana Ro'O province of Mexico .
July 16 Tuesday
No LIBRARY NIGHT during the summer months . These meetings will resume in September.
July 20-21 Sat. & Sun.
FIELD TRIP - Mt. Rainier. Mr. · Leo Simon trip leader. Full details of this trip will be found on page 152 of this issue.
July 26 Friday
LECTURE - Central Library, 801 SW 10th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 7:30 P. M. - "The Nature of Oregon" by Mr. Jim Anderson, Farmer-Naturalist, formerly with The Portland Zoo and OMSI.
ADVANCE CALENDAR FOR AUGUST August 9 Friday
ANNUAL PICNIC - Mt. Tabor Park 6:30 P . M. - Pot-luck supper. Ruth Rawls, Picnic Chairman.
August 17 - 25
PRESIDENT'S ANNUAL CAMPOUT. Coos Bay Area. See page 156 of this issue for details .
******* ** *** ***
* *** *** ***** * *
150
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY 01:< ..'.fBE OREGON CO"UNTRY
~-'--~~~~~~~~~~--~~~~~~~~--~'--...--~~~~~--~~~~~~
.. .
NEWS 0 F MEMBERS ·By Lillian Miller PHIL F . BROGAN, cooperative weather observer in B end for the past 45 years , · \~as rect:lntly honored with the presentation of a fede ral s ervice pin at a civic luncheon. Mr. Brogan l eads all Oregon observers in length of serv ice. He took his first observation in Bend in June 1923 , ·has- taken more than 15 , 000 observations, and has never missed a reading'. MR. and MRS. BROGAN were airway observers in Bend h efore and after World War II. Several years ago MR. BROGAN received national recognition for his work when he was awarded the Thomas Jefferson Award "for valuable assistance given .the weath~r bureau. rr. . .. . . . . ;, '
...
.The Society extends its sympathy t<:> the family of MISS ELIZA STEVENS who passed away . She had been a memb er for more than .t wenty -five years ... TRUMAN .MURPHY and PAUL HOWELL are working with the ;Gig :lfarlD.r , Washington; . '. Junior High Students Mobile Education Project. Paul had the June .20. tour , , and- Truman · will be with the group on the July trip . The leader m eets the bus a t Bingen and gives the students a geological tour down the Columbia Gorg~ to Vani::ouv.er . The gr oup 'S tops at Camas, and all are guests. of Crown .Z~llerbach Pape r Mill for lunch and a trip through ;·· the plant. .
.
.
}
:
DR. PAUL HOWELL is on the go again - this time as a ground wate r geologist in Korea.. He will spend one month at Camp Zama, Japan, then .wi.ll go to Seoul, Korea, for two months . He hopes to visit Hong Kong , Hawaii , and other plapes ·if ti:ine allows . Right now he's being "shot'' for just about everything--ouch! His camera and notebook are going , too , so perhaps the Society can share his adventures later. As if h e isn't busy enough already making plans to leave the country , P aul's scheduled to be the geology leader on a scenic bus trip to the John Day country the last weekend in June. . ., . Happy adventuring, Paul.
~
*********** MEMBERSHIP ROSTER NEW MEMBERS GAMER, Mr . and Mrs. Robert L .
1425 Aerial Way , S. E .
Salem, 97 302
CLARK, Miss Megan J . (Junior)
5904 S. E . Holgate Blvd.
Portland, 97206 77 6-3670
* * * * **** *** * * * SUPLEE FOSSILS DESCRIBED IN PROFESSIONAL PAPER Margaret L . Steere GSOCers who went on the Delintment Lake Campout in 1965 will be interested to know that some of those Suplee MENNONITES have had their pictures taken and are now in print. The mennonites (those coiled things the paleontologists call AMMONITES) are des cribed and illustrated by Dr. Ralph Imlay in U. S. Geological Survey P:rofetrnional Paper 593-C, in a paper entitled "Lower Jurassic Ammonites from Eastern Oregon and California". The 51page book, plus 9 plates of photographs , iii for so.le by the Supe rintendent of Documents , U . S. Government Printing Office, Washington , I) . c .- 204:02°1 for only 65 cents and worth lots more. The fossils described in the report are from the Nicely , Suplee, and Snowshoe Formations. They were collected from outcrops of thes e beds in various places from the vicinity of Robertson Ranch (where the GSOC investors went daily to phone their brokers) to the v icinity of Senaca 30 miles east. Dr. Imlay reveals that the succession of faunas from older to vol.lnirer beds in th_e S_yplee region i~ duplicated in Lower Jurassicsjrata 9f Oalifornia , Canada, and Alaska, and m Europe , showmg that they· really got around 75 million years ago .
JULY 1968
..GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , No . 7
151
A TRIP TO FOSSIL LAKE Margaret L . Steere Ninety years ago a traveller who wanted to go to Fossil Lake was lucky if he could find it, but when he got there he could collect a ton of fossil bones. Nowadays he can drive to within a few miles of Fossil Lake on paved highways , but when he gets there he is lucky to find a few scraps of bone. Over the decades the easy pickings have been scopped up by collectors and placed in museums in Oregon, California, and the Ea st. One of the first persons to gather bones at Fossil Lake was Charles Sternberg, a professional collector for Dr. E . D. Cope, noted ve rtebrate paleontologist in Ph.iladelphia. In 1877 Cope heard about the "bone yard" frqm Professor Thomas Condon , then at the University of Oregon, and he lost no time in dispatching Sternberg to the site .. Sternberg alway s wrote about his trips with informality and humor. A number of his early articles were published in the Kansas City Review Of Science and Industry . The following excerpts from "The Fossil Fields of Southern Oregon", published in the above jour nal, vol. 7, pages 596599, 1884, tell of his experiences in trying to · locate Fossil Lake and of the wealth of material he found when he finally got there: "In August, 1877 , while working in the Loup Fork Group of northwestern Kansas I received orders from Prof. E . D. Cope to go at once to Oregon, to a new fossil deposit; I was to keep the locality a secret from all . . .. "At Klamath (Fort Klamath) I hired an assistant and bought my riding and pack animals. The Government supplied me with saddles , tent, etc. I could get no guide , so trusting to a Government map, we started for Silver Lake. My map traced Sprague River that emptied into Lake Klamath , near the post, to its head in Silver Lake. My plan, therefore, was to follow up the river. As I was crossing a large Government bridge on \\Uliamson River a number of Indians came up to me and O.emanded $2. 00 toll , this I refused to pay. I learned afterward that these Indians make a living by collecting toll from people crossing this bridge. After following Sprague River for about fifty miles I found it rose in a small range of hills and I was at my wits end as to what to do; my only guide had proved false. At last, I resolved to go north. I was in country only occupied by Indians and wild animals . I came to a place where the trail I was following forked , one going directly north and was but little traveled , the other, a well beaten trail, led a little west of north. While debating as to the best course to pursue , an Indian boy came along driving two pack ponies , or cayuses , as they call them. He took the large trail. I asked him where he was going and he told me to Sican Valley to a sheep ranch . I had been told that I would go through this valley and by a sheep ranch on my way to Silver Lake; I therefore followed the Indian. "After going about five miles the trail came to an end in a thick forest , at an Indian encampment; a number of braves in war paint came out and told me I was lost, and that they would show me the road for $2. 00. I was so indignant at having been cheated so, that I refused to pay them anything, and started east. Fortuniitely, just as the sun went down we found the trail we had left. Here we ate the last of our provisions , as the night before an Indian had stolen our bacon that we ·had packed under a lot of tinware in the bottom of a box near the head of our bed, and the bread had fallen off our pack and was lost. Next morning, bright and early, we started without breakfast in hopes of reaching the sheep ranch, which we luckily did just before dark, very hungry and tired; here a good cup of coffee , some hot bread anq mutton-:-chops soon made us forget our past hunger and dangers , and we were glad to learn that another day's journey would bring us to Silver Lake, which we reached next day. Here we heard all about the wonderful boneyard that had been discovered by a stockman in a desert twenty-eight miles from here. "Next day, accompanied by the postmaster as guide , we. started for the fossil fields and reached a house eight miles from the locality that day, where we camped for the night. It took all next day to reach our destination , as we had to find our. way through a sage brush desert. We had a wagon along ~nd it was slow. work. The fossils we were
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
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Fossil Lake - cont ' d. in search of were of quite recent species , some in fact, were of quite recent species, some in fact , were of existing ones. The bones. lay scattered around a small alkaline lake and wer.e all exposed, resting on ;:t bed of clay. They had been covered with loos e volcanic sand and ashes which the wind had drifted away and piled in great heaps sixty feet or more in height. These sand drifts were covered with wind-marks and looked like newly harrowed fields . There were numerous hillocks, from a few feet to eighteen or twenty feet higq., the summits of which had been protected by a patch of sage brush and the sides la id bare and rounded by the wind. We pitched our tent a_nd hitching our pony to. a sage brush hauled it into camp, and so repeated this till a large pile was· gathered. Early next morning we were busy gathering together the loose bones and placing them in piles; we put them on our pack-horses and carried them to camp. They were well preserved; but unfortunately none of the skulls were preserved; they had been br oken beneath the feet of countless deer and antelopes that had come to the lake for water. We got a gr eat many teeth and bones . They were all scattered. One party under Prof.· Condon, of the State University , h~d been at the locality before us. The mammalian bones were three species of Horse; three of the L'iama; one new species of a sloth, Mylodon; the elephant; a beaver-like animal; and some carnivores . We got great quantities of fishes that varied in size from a trout to a salmon or larger; also a great many bones of birds in size from a sand piper to a stork. Among them was the Canadian goose. There were piles of land-shells that looked like snow-drifts. The bones were little petrified and were of the pliocene age. The animals had all doubtless perished under a storm of volcanic ashes and sand from an active volcano near by. .
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"We found numbers of arrowheads , polished and made from volcanic glass or obsidian. We had thought at first that they might' be contemporaneous with the bones , but I found near the deposit, between some huge sand banks , in the remains of an old Indian village , near which one arrow-maker had his abode, great quantities of chips of obsidian,. perfect arrowheads' a nd those partly finished, with drills , knives , pestles and mortars, a nd a pile of whitened rabbit and other bones . We found part of an Indian skull also . One peculiarity I noticed in the desert was that all the springs were on the tops .of rounded knolls, which led me to think that perhaps water would come to the surface from artesian wells. If that. be the case, this country will one day become a fertil e la nd. We got over a thousand . pounds of fossil bones from this locality, all of which have been described by Prof. E. n : Cope in the Bulletins of the U. S. Geological Survey. " (The bulletins referred to by Sternberg are the Hayden R eports for the U. S. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories) .
* ** * * * * * * ** * * * * MT. RAINIER FIELD TRIP
- · JULY 20TH - 21ST
Mt. Rainier , elevation 14, 410 ft . , is the highest mountain in the Northwest. It has 26 active glaciers that cover ab·>ut forty square miles. Emmons Glacier is the largest in the United States. We will learn something of the geology of Mt. Rainier on this trip. To get to Mt. Rainier frorri 'Portland take Interstate 5 north .for about 78 miles to the Mossyrock exit, then east on state 14 and northeast on hw~ 141 to Morton . From Morton go north on hwy. 7 to Elbe, then east on hwy. 706 through Ashford a nd into the. park. Ent .'.. ranee fee to Mt. Rainier National Park is $1. 00. There are modern cabins between Ashford and the park entrance and campsites and.hotels inside the park. It is 6 miles from the park entrance to Longmir e Information Center and Park Headquarters . Longmire is about 141 miles from Portland. , Saturday - 1: 30 P . M. Assemble at Longmire Information Center. The afternoon will include a walk in Paradise Park to see the wild flowers·and the scenery, and a. stop at the unique new .T ourist Center. · · ·· · Saturday - Evening - Park Rangers will have a slide show about Mt. Rainier at Longmire. Sunday - 9: 30 A. M . Assemble at Longmire Information Center. See Reflection Lake,· etc . Trip Leader - Leo Simon, 223 - 0300 for cabin re~ervations, etc. or call Lloyd Wilcox , 636- 6594.
JULY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , No . 7
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SADDLE MOUNTAIN FIELD TRIP June 22 , 1968 By Ralph H. Nafziger It was a foggy, s oggy morning When approximately 15 faithful GSOC members gathered in the parking lot at Saddle Mountain State Park to await field trip leader Clara Bartholomay , who found it necessary to coax her six-cylinder car a long the seven-mile winding, climbing road from Sunset highway to the parking lot. Clara wa s convinced no one would be present to be led but such was obviously not the case . Also present were s eve ral guests including Bonnie and Fred Wooley, and Janet Ada ms who lives nea r Perth, Australia, and who is the daughter of a pen pal of GSOC member Mrs. Frank Higdon. After locating a suitable area which afforded s ome protection from the elements of the day, Clara's informative geologic map of the area was hung on a hemlo ck tree with two safety pins (scotch tape and damp bark are ·in compatible it might be noted). Interrupted occasionally by a few drips and barks , Clara then oriented the group geologically to the area. Saddle Mountain is a part of the Coast Range province. The Coast Range consists of gently folded anticlinal Tertiary sediments cut by igneous intrusions , and with numerous normal faults. Eocene sediments are the oldest in the a r ea and .these a re overlain by Oligocene and Miocene strata, a portion of which is the Astoria fo rmation. This is a series of dark blue-black micaceous clay shales which often weather to a yellowish-brown color indicative of the presence of iron oxide, and which is visible along the highway into the park. Sandstones are present in the upper layers which are separated from the lower clays by thin cherty layers (Layfield, 1936) . The conformable sandy layers interfinger and interlens , and become coarse toward the top. At some stage during Miocene time , igneous activity ensued in the area and a la rge amount of basaltic breccia was laid down. The breccia is compo_s ed of half-inch to fiveinch angular basalt fragments cemented by a glassy reddish-brown to black palagonitic matrix. There is considerable variation in the breccia, ranging from a highly glassy variety which irrlicates sudden chilling, to fine-grained types. Others are vesicular with calcite which v.as weathered from the calcitic feldspars of the basalt,. fill ing some of the vesicles. There is some evidence for aqueous chilling and possibly underwater deposition (perhaps in small pools or unconsolidated muds) inasmuch as ellipsoids of basalt with good radial columnar jointing are present. Occa sional pillows are also evident , which indicates proximity to the s ea. The presence of palagonite also attests to aqueous chilling. P alagonite is a colloidal hydrated variety of sideromelane, a transparent glassy variety of basaltic glass. Sideromelane is a variety of tachylite which was chilled svddenly such that the iron oxides wete r etained in solution. Thes e iron oxides permit ready weathering by a h)drothermal process to a yellowish-red earthy pallagonite visible in place s along the mountain trail. Layfield (1936) believes that many of the glass y fragments of breccia are probably sideromelane. At some time after the basaltic breccia was laid down , numerous nearly vertical thin dikes cut the sedimentary and igneous strata. These dikes a re prominent on the present Saddle Mountain as resistant walls nearly 50 feet high and characterized by unusually regular columnar jointing normal to the walls . A fine-grained dark gray basalt forms the dike rock . Lay-field (1936) gives a thin-section description of the dike rock as follows : Estimated % (Subhedral 20 Augite 45 Highly fractured , small , Feldspars (labradorite) lath shaped (Anhedral Magnetite (crystals) 10 15 (dusty) Glass 5 With small inclusions of 5 Brown Glass? " crystals that cooled too .. - - rapidly to materialize .
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
Saddle Mountain - cont'd. The dusty magnetite and glass , as well as the subhedral and shattered crystals provide evidence of rapid cooling under high pressures. Th e dikes strike NE , a direction normal to the NW -SE trend of Saddle Mountain ridge, and disappear three-fourths of the way down the mountain. Almost all of the dikes extend down the west side of the mountain. The widen ing of the dikes at the ridge suggested to Layfie ld (1936) that the center of eruption was in the vicinity of the ridge. He proposed that Saddle Mountain formed from the extrusion of the breccia along a NW-SE fissure a nd that the major jointing occurred normal to the fissure while the large igneous mass was cooling . The dikes wer e intruded later along this jointing. . Subsequent stream erosion due in part to post Columbia River basalt deformation and uplift , has cut down th rough the b r eccias to the clays causing an undercutting of the breccia and slumpage of blocks , thus widening the valleys and leaving such erosional remnants of the volcanic basaltic breccia as Onion P eak to t he southwest, \\ikiup Mountain to the north, Humbug Mountain to the south, a nd Saddle Mountain itself. This stream incision pattern paid little heed to the volcanic vent configuration. At the present time , Saddle Mountain control s the headwaters of Young's and Lewis and Clark rivers . · Saddle Mountain is part of a remnant of the upturned limb of a broad syncline . Accordiilg to Baldwin (1952) , the base of the 1300-foot thick breccia on Saddle Mountain lies at approximately 2000 feet e levation. The breccia dips north to northwest approximately 10 degre es and is believed to be coextensive with middle Miocene Columbia River basalt. Present-day Saddle Mountain has an elevation of 3283 feet and is the highest peak in northwestern Oregon. Saddle Mountain Park was presented to t he state by the Crown Willamette Paper Company (now Crown Zellerbach). Sa ddle Mountain itself occupies approximately two-thirds of the four square mile area of the park. · · On a clear day , one can view ma ny of the previously described geologic features from the pa rking lot, but, a ll that could be seen on this day was fog . In order to examine thes e features more clos ely, therefore , it was necessary to hike the four-mile trail to the top of Saddle Mountain. -On the trail, C.lara uttered the punchline of her presentatio'n, "Shall we 'saddle' up?" , and the group first observed several blocks of basalt breccia that had been displaced from above . Lush growth characterized the first portion of the trip, but as the group climbed highe r , numerous flowers were in bloom. We were fortunate to have Dorothy Barr in t he group who was able to identify a great por tion of the 260 flowers r eputed to be present on the mountain. At a higher a ltitude , the dike rocks were in evidence and the group noted the change in flora. Lun ch was featur ed a t the summit, whose volcanic basaltic breccia and the fog were 'the only visible features . The fog parte d a nd the clouds dis sipated slightly on the way down, particularly wh en the group was in the saddle and on the high meadow slopes where the flowers became more favorable for photography. Since the fqg had essentially dissipated, the group could see far to the south and east, past ·Humbug Mountain. Later , in the parking lot', several members observed a lone deer feeding on the si.de of the mountain , and ~ttempted to locate the old military trail {"Tote" road) in the lovely a nd expansive picnic area. Many thanks go to trip leader Clara Bartholomay, and to Lloyd Wilcox for diligently re ·· typing Baldwin 's 1952 article and "running" it off silently for distribution to field trip par-ticipants . · BIBLIOGRAPHY Baldwin , E . M. , 1952. The Geology of Saddle Mounta in , Clatsop County , Or egon , GSOC Newsletter, 18, no. 4, pp. 29-30. Layfield, R . A. , 1936. Geology of Saddle Mountain State P a rk and Vicinity , GSOC Newsletter , _g_.!. no . 24 , pp. 4-9. Layfield, R . A. , 1937 , unpublished r eport submitted to the National P ark Service (a portion of which is available in the GSOC library) .
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JULY 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volun::e 34, No : 7 - - - - - - - --
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155
THE SOCIETY MOVES TO OMSI After nearly three years of deliberations and m eetings , .the GSOC Board voted to hold the twice-monthly Friday night meetings and the Librar y night get·-together al OMSI. Th e OMSI library room will hous e the Society book collection and serve as a "home" for the Society records and supplies. The move to OMSI will give the Society for the fir s t time since it was organized, a mailing address . Arrangements are also being made to have a phone listed in the Societys name . Since announcements for the July meetings have a lready be en published, and the r e will, as usual , be no August programs, the first Friday night pro5ram at OMS! will be on September 13th. Adequate, close-to-the-door parking , a complete kitchen for after meeting refreshments, and no clos ing hour to worry about should make the change a ttractive to everyone. Completion in the near future of the Vista Ridge tunnel and connections with the Stadium Freeway will bring OMSI minutes close r to eastsiders who won't meet one traffic light or stop sign after they get on the wide track concrete carpet: Another builtin advantage at OMSI is the automatic progra m back-up service. If for some reason or another the speaker doesn't arrive, the group can take in the Planetarium show at group rates . When the lights go out and the stars come on it's topless entertainment. ·
*** * ********** HOLOCENE REPLACES RECENT Margaret L . Steere Your Geologic Time Chart is going to need a slight revision if you want it to be up-todate. The term RECENT as an epoch in the Quaternary Period is being replaced by the word HOLOCENE ; meaning "wholly recent". · George V. Cohee, Chairman of the Geologi c Name s Committee , U. S. Geological Survey , reports that the Committee adopted the term Holo cen~ in place of Recent at its January 1968 m eeting . This new designation will be appearing in future U. S. Geological Survey publications and is already in us e by various other geological agencies. Wrde use of Holocene in Europe and the ambiguity of the w9rd "recent" caused the American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature to endorse Holo cene at its annual meeting last November. Cohee's r eport , published in the May 1968 issue of the American Association of P etr oleum Geologists Bulletin (vol. 52, no. 5, page 852) , explains. how the two words came into use and the r easons for the change. The text of his report is quoted as follows: "The Geobgic Names Committee met on January 23, 1968 to consider various matters regarding Quaterna ry nomenclature. Holocene, which has been widely used in Europe in preference to Recent , was one of the matters for consideration. Holocene , meaning "wholly recent," referring to the percentage of living organisms , originally was proposed as a "stage" following the Pleistocene "stage" by the Portuguese committee to the Third Inte r national Congress of 1885 (Morrison et al. , 1957). "Recent wa.s first us ed by Lyell in 1833 , and included the Pleistocene Epoch, but the Pleistocene as now used was removed from the Recent by Forbes in 1846 and Lyell in 1873. The definition of Recent as an epoch in geologic time has been a long-established custom in the United States and Europe. "Many American geologists have found the formal term ''Recent" ambiguous in referring to sedimentary depos its, fossil s ,. present-day s hells, a nd many other facets of geology involving Recent or recent time. At the annual meeting of the Ame rican Commission on Strati graphic Nomenclature, November 22, 1967, the Commi s sion endorsed the use of Holocene instead of Recent and expressed the hope that the term ·Holocen e would be a dopted officially by various geologic organizations. . . . . Consequently , the •need for stage s and substages may be forthcoming as the know le dge of paleontology and archaeology in the Holocene improves."
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GEOLOGICAL'SOCIETY OF TlJE OREGON COUNTRY PRESID ENT'S CAMP OUT
Where?
Coos Bay - OMSI Camp
When? ·
August 17 - August 25
Facilities -
There will be places to cam.p on the grounds of the camp area ·cost 7 5~ per person pe r nigh_t.
.. This will
There are 4 cabins available: 2 - 1-room with 3 bunks a nd 'one double bed 1 - 2-room - 6 people can sleep here : · 1 .- 1- room - smqll - 2 - 3 people. The cost for sleeping in th~ cabins is $1 7 5 . .per person ,per night. There is a dorm . To s leep here costs $1. 50 per person per night. '. Cooking will be done outside on a ·table. There are latrines a nd showe rs . The r e is enough room_outs ide for all tents a nd campe ~s , ··a l~O' trailers . We hope to have a fairly compl et~ schedule by the day in the .A ugust News Lette r . These are the nam es of the peaplewho are helping for trips , so far: Mr. Dr. Dr. Dr.
Ralph Mason Paul Howell E . Baldwin Donald Gorman
,,,
- Dept. of Geol ogy , State of Oregon - . Corps, of Engineers University of Oregon - Bradley University
For further information call Don Barr at 246-2785.
* * * * * * * * * * *" * * * . OLD _NEWS
LETTE:I~S
There has been a request from Washington State University for some of the early volunies of the News Letter, and from time to time there are similar requests from Similar· sources Dorothy Waiste is trying to compile a backlog of past News Letters , especially the older ones . If you have old issues you are willing to part with for such purposes , or if you want further information call Mrs . Waiste at 235-4320 . · ·
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GOING ON VACATION?. If you file a temporary change of address with the post office, your Newsletter will be returned. If your address Ghange is not permanent, notify the Secretary and she will hold your Newsletters until your return.
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NEW BOOK A new book , "A CLIMBERS GUIDE TO OREGON.'.' by Ni c;holas A. Dodge, is now available ·
It is a comprehensive mountai~eering guide which describes all of Oregon's cliip.bing regi-0ns
including route descriptions , t.h eir difficulty 1 general 'historical and geological notes . as .. well as the record of first ascents . Jt is illustrated with 60 drawings .and an 8:-pa·g e photo section. Price is $3. 95 post paid, and is available from : Mazamas: Climbers .Guide 909 N.•W.... 19th Avenue Portland, Oregon 97209
*****
Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
Non-Profit Org.
U. S. POSTAGE PAID
133 S. E . 27th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97214
Portland, Oregon Permit No. 999
PROPERTY OF LIBRARY ORWJON DEPT. GEOL. 4: MINERAL INrmsT.
ST AT~ oi-:Pl..:E nLOO.. POlffLA ND.
J>ept.. at Goo lof,y
& ~til:lcral
1069 State Off ice Bldg. CitJ 97201
Address Correction Requested
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O~ECJ.
:.l'.• .'.ustrie
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY 1966 ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PRESIDENT Mr. Donald D. Barr VICE PRESIDENT Dr. M. P. Chapman SECRETARY Mrs. Robert Waiste TREASURER Mr. George R . Dahlin DIRECTORS Mr. George W. Walters PAST PRESIDENTS Mr . Lloyd A . Wilcox GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER EDITOR Mrs. Peigi Stahl BUSINESS MANAGER Mr. Robert Waiste
124388. W. OrchardHillRd. Lake Oswego, 97034
246-2785
P . O. Box 297
Sherwood, 97140
625-6628
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97 214
235-4320
Route 1, Box 150
Vancouver, Wn. 98662
892-3427
Mr. Mark Perrault
Miss Clara Bartholomay
Mr. Ralph S. Mason
3235 N. E . 61st Avenue
Portland, 97213
281-2220
133 S. E . 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Lake Grove, 97034 Albany, 97321
636-6594 926-4556
Oregon City, 97045
656-7165
Portland, 97213
284-6700
Portland, 97219
636-5942
Portland, 97202
236-0549
Sherwood, 97140
625-7192
Portland, 97215
234-2318
Portland, 97202
775-5697
Portland, 97215 Portland, 97215
236-8319 236-8319
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Portland, 97214
234-9005
Portland, 97230
253-7446
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Port land, 97214
235-4320
ACTIVITIES CHAIRMEN FIELD TRIPS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox 16650 SW Lake Forest Blvd. Mr. Ralph P . Nafziger 908$. Ferry St. Apt 7 PROGRAMS Mrs. Irma Sullivan 524 Warner Parrott Road LIBRARIAN Mr. Wallace R. Mcclung 1300 N. E. 49th Avenue LIBRARY NIGHT Dr. Francis G. Gilchrist 0644 S. W. Palatine Hill Rd. LUNCHEONS Mr. Leo F. Simon 7006 S. E . 21st Avenue MEMBERSHIP Mrs. Ruth P. Rawls Route3, Box 296 PUBLICATIONS Miss Shirley M. O'Dell 4710 S. E. Stark St. Apt 7 PUBLICITY Mrs. Laurette Kenney 4125 S. E. Gladstone St. TELEPHONE Miss Hazel F. Zimmer 805 S. E . 60th Avenue Miss Ruby M. Zimmer 805 S. E. 60th Avenue ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace HISTORIAN Miss Rowena Hoven 1007 S. E. 21st Avenue HOSPITALITY Mrs. Merle C. Helfrich 251 N. E. 133rd Avenue OMSI F AGILITIES Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Mr. Robert Waiste 133 S. E. 27th Avenue
_A_U_G_U_S_T-'1-~_6_8_ __ ____;__;__G ___, E(> LOGICAL
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G. S. 0 . C. CALENDAR FOR AU GUST 1968 Every Thursday
Aug. 9 Friday
Aug. 17 Saturday to Aug. 25 Sunday
LUNCHEON - Y. M. C. A. , 831 S. W. 6th Avenue , Portland, Oregon ' . 12:00 M. - Don 't forget the Thursday Noon Luncheons . Leo Simon presides at this informal meeting. Thegame is "Show, T ell , or Ask~ ' and pertains to ap.ything with a geological bent. Go along and play th e game a t the Mountain Room just off the ma in cafetcda at the Y. M. C. A. ANNUAL POT-UUeK PiCNIC-At the throat of th e cinder cone in Mt. Tabo r Park 6: 30 P . M. - Tim e to e at! As your contribution to the pot-luck, bring a meat dish, a salad, or a desse rt. Also bring dishes and table silver for your group~ Rolls, butter and beverages furnished. A program is planned. Dr. Ted Lathrop will be Master of Ceremonies. Anyone who has their Cole man lante rn all shined up and ready to go to , the Campout is reque sted to bring it along to the picnic to help light up the later part of the program. For.further information·call Ruth Ra wls , Picnic Chairman, at 625-7192. SIXTH ANNUAL PRESIDENT !S CAMPOUT - Coo s Bay area. Cam pout Schedule-An impressive array of frip leaders (has?) have been lined up for this outing, and President Barr has promised that there would be plenty of time for fossil hunting (it is said that they are plentiful in this area) . No trip has been planned for Saturday the 17th, but if yQu get. your camp set up early you will be given directions for a little jaunt on your owh. Campsite-Camp Arago. This is a private campgrounds and'wewill have to pay for the privilege of using it. The camp fs equipped w / latrines . showers, and about 8 camp tables . For further information call° Don Barr, at 246-27 85. · Facilities and charges per person per night _ 4 cabins - · $1. 75 Dormitory - $1. 50 (cooking must be done outside} Tent or trailer space ~ 7 5~ , with family rate of $3 . 00 maximum. There will be no charge for preschoolers. To get to Camp Arago go throughReedsport , North Bend, and Empire and continue toward Charleston. As you approach Charleston turn left on the road to the Qualman Oyster Rl:rmand continue according to map below. (* You might like to bring along a ta?le cloth to the picnic, since it is
not certain that tables will be covered this year. )
EMPlRf
Quoll'f!1fn1 Oy>fe1t 6!1rfl?
Camp
CllAffL 5 TON
Af'lf D
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
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NEWS OF MEMBERS By Lillian Miller JOHN and KATHERINE WERTH are recuperating from a recent auto accident in which they were severely bruised and cut. Congratulations to CLAm and PEIGI STAHL who received a Blue R ibbon for their display in the Fossil Division of the recent Oregon Shell Club Show held at the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry. DR. FRANCIS GILCHRIST is recuperating from. minor surgery. DON andDOROTHYBARRspent afew days on atrial run at the site of the Annua l Campout. GERRY FLEAGLE and a friend , vacationing in central Oregon, discovered PHIL BROGAN in a Forest Service uniform dispensing information at the Information Center at the top of Lava Butte . Phil said he would be on the job there through the month of September. LUCILLE CHAPMAN, wife of G. S. 0 . C. Vice-President Dr M. P . Chapman, passed away in her sleep early Sunday morning , July 21st Funeral services took place at Fredonia, Kansas . The Society extel.!_d~_i!_s_g_e~2~s_!_~y~£~~!_d_Q~_Ql_!_a_p!_!l~!!· EMILY ROBOVSKY MOLTZNER, IN MEMORIAM A few close friends said farewell to Emily Moltzner 01 July 15 at the Little Chap~! of the Chimes ; she had passed away at the Oregon City Hospital on the 11th of July , after almo~-.t thr ee years of illness spent in nursing homes . Born in Portland ,M arch 13 , 1890 , daughter of Vaclav and Beatrice Tychon Robovsky - both nativ es of Bohemia . Educated in Eug ene , finishing at Eugene Business College , she r eturned to Portland and married J~y Moltzner with whom she was associated in the Occidental Warehouse & Transfer Co. until its sale in 1918 to Oregon Transfer Co. For 29 years she was in public secretarial service in Portland , during 7 of these with Mrs . Rudolph Erickson of Glenmorrie, Lake Oswego. While secretary of the Woodstock Community Club, 1926-27 , Emily was instrumental in prpmoting the building of the S. E . 55th Avenue and 67th S.treet Sewer System. As chairman of the Workers for Dog Control she worked zealously in securing the leash law for Portland in May , 1960. In 1966 Emily was made a n Honorary Life Member of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country. She was also a m e mber of the Mazamas , Oregon Chapter of Nature Conservancy, Realtyettes , American Assn . of Retired Persons, Rose City Chapter Eastern Star, First Unitarian Church and the Oregon Memorial Assn. She is survived by a brother , Milvoy Robovsky of Tilla mook and several nieces andnephews. To the Geological Society she was familiarly known as "Aunt Emily ". She had charge of publicity for the banquet at the time of its l argest attendance , kept a file on prospective members and special individuals to receive news letters . The social hour after the m eetings at the Library was started by Emily a nd is still continued, giving members and guests a chance to mingle, to discuss the meeting, and visit. ... . Emily had belonged to the Mazamas for over forty years , and, according to her niece , she wouldhavereceived a 50-year pin from the Eastern Star had she lived past September. Her philosophy of life m ay be understood by the last paragraph of her verses , " King Tut's Mummy Soliloquizes':', which were printed on the Oregonian 's editorial page in 1924 over the name of Margare t Rychon , her mother's name. "Therefore, love and work and play Whilst thou has thy little day . Empty thou the cup of life , Drink its draught of joy and strife. A life replete , thy motto be, Until death shall make thee free; Then , pass on to that strange shore -Lost to Earth forevermore."
AUGUST 1968
GEOLOGIC AL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , No . 8
159
SOME REVISIONS 0 F THE GEOLOGY OF THE COOS BAY AREA, OREGON By Ewart M. Baldwin Dept. of Geology , University of Oregon (Editor's Note: This article has been reprinted from the ORE BIN, Volume 28 , No. 11 , November , 1966. The information and diagrams are pertinent to the President's Campout which takes place this month. ) Introduction This paper is a progress report on geologic mapping in part of the Coos Bay area (see Plate 1) . The writer's interest in this area started in 1943 in connection with the State of Oregon-Coos County coal project (Allen and Baldwin , 1944 1 and has continued to the present. He is currently working toward a revision of the Coos Bay area , the area encompassed by the Coos Bay 30' quadrangle, as well as the Eocene stratigraphy of southwestern Oregon. The geology is complex and the area is thickly covered by alluvium , terrace deposits , and brush. Thus progress is slow and it may be some time until a more detailed revised map and report are published. The writer has been supported in this study by the Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries , U. S. Geological Survey, and University of Oregon Faculty Research grants , and aided by graduate students at the University of Oregon who have mapped areas near Coos Bay . Pioneer mapping by Diller (1901) and a later work by Turner (1938) added much to the knowledge of the Coos Bay area. More detailed bibliographic references as well as a revised geologic sketch map is given by Baldwin (1964) . A recent paper by Dott (1966) describes the interesting internal structures in the Coaledo Formation and gives petrographic data. Regional mapping by Allen and Baldwin was done prior to detailed microfaunal studies , and such data came later (Detling, 1946; Cushman, Stewart, and Stewart, 1947 ; and Stewart, 1957) . Unpublished data from R . E. Stewart and W, W. Rau have been helpful in dating formations . Stratigraph y Pre-Tertiary rocks Jurrasic and Cretaceous strata are present at the southern and southwestern margins of the Tertiary depositional basin. Formations are poorly defined and previous designations may be more confusing than helpful. Many of the strata containing greenstone, chert, and graywacke have been assigned to the Dothan Formation. However, a revised interpretation of coastal geology near Port Orford by Koch (1966) indicates that these beds are likely a northern extension of the Otter Point Formation of late Jurassic age. Koch also describes the lower Cretaceous Humbug Mountain Conglomerate and Rocky Point Formation, neither of which is known to be present in the Coos Bay area. Rhythmically bedded turbidites of probable late Cretaceous age crop out at Fivemile Point north of Bandon and at the mouth of Crooked Creek south of Bandon. These strata are similar to beds north of Cape Blanco referred to by Dott (1962) in which he found belemnoids, a form that occurs mostly in Mesozoic rocks . Small spherical clay balls encompassed in the sandstone at both Fivemile Point and beds at the mouth of Crooked Creek weather light gray. They were noted in beds along upper Twomile Creek in secs. 33 and 34, T . 29 S., R. 14W. mapped as lower Umpqua. Late Cretaceous strata such as those at Cape Sebastian (Howard and Dott, 1961) resemble Umpqua strata and are similarly deformed and would be difficult to separate in the field . There was apparently no significant break in deposition at the end of the Cretaceous , and the youngest Cretaceous strata are included in the lowest part of the Umpqua by Baldwin (1965) . Umpgua Formation The oldest Cenozoic formation is the Umpqua , which has been divided into three mappable formations (Baldwin, 1965) . These are to be named and described in a later publication (manuscript in preparation) . The oldest of the Umpq_ua units apparently includes latest Cretaceous beds , Paleocene and early Eocene volcanic flows . and early Eocene eugeosynclinal
GEOLOGIC MAP of the
COOS BAY AREA
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~ Tyn londotant
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AFTER ALLEN a BALDW IN ANO BALDWIN 1964
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PLATE 1. GENERALIZED GEOLOGIC MAP OF PART OF THE COOS BAY AREA, OREGON.
,.
•
AUGUST 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , No . 8 Revisions of Geology of Coos Bay Area - cont'd.
. 161
sedimentary rocks . Although complete sections are not known, at least 10 , 000 feet is believed to be present where it crops out along Oregon Highway 42 between Coquille and Myrtle Point. A minimum of 8, 000 feet of sedimentary rock is present in this section, and the volcanic and prevolcanic rocks probably exceed 2 , 000 feet. Small isolated patches of Umpqua basalt and tuffaceous sedimentary rocks of the lower unit crop out at the Forks of Coos River and along Willanch and Kentuck Creeks (Pl 1) The middle Umpqua unit occurs only along Bear Creek drainage southeast of Bandon and along Catching Creek west of Myrtle Point. It is ma de up of 5, 000 feet of thin , rhythmically bedded graywacke and siltstone, including a variabl e thickness of basal conglomerate and pebbly sandstone . The basal beds seldom exceed 100 feet in thickness along Bear Creek but total mere than 400 feet along Catching Creek It rests unconformably upon the lower Umpqua at both places . The upper Umpqua unit is present east of Remote along the Middle Fork of the Coquille River and east of the.axis of the Coast Range , but is absent in the Coos Bay area. Tyee Formation The TyooFormation, made up of massively bedded micaceous sandstone, crops out in the central part of the Coast Range and forms the hills in the eastern part of the Coos Bay area along the Coos and Millicoma Rivers. It grades upward into the Elkton Siltstone Member near Elkton no.d heast of the map area. Massive Tyee was mapped along the western edge of the Coos Bay coal field in Bear Creek drainage southeast of Bandon by Baldwin (manuscript in press) . Along tributaries of Bear Creek the beds are overlain unconformably by the lower Coaledo and no siltstone is present. However , micaceous siltstone and thin-bedded sandstone crop out at Sacchi Beach 8 miles north of the nearest known Tyee exposure along the Coquille River. The massive phase of the Tyee does not crop out along the coast but is presumably downdropped against older strata a short distance north of Fivemile Point. The beds at Sacchi Beach were called the Sacchi Beach Member of the Tyee Formation by Baldwin (1964) and apparently bear the same relationship to the more massive Tyee that the Elkton and Lorane Siltstone Members do at Elkton and west of Eugene. In both instances the massive Tyee sandstone grades upward into the siltstone members. Pre-Coaledo - Post-Tyee beds Allen and Baldwin (1944) and others have suggested that the sea withdrew and regional erosion occurred prior to the return of the Coaledo seas , and others have postulated a break at the base of Spencer and Cowlitz Formations to the north. Dott (1966) questions this and postulates little if any break at the base of the Coaledo. Yet one need not leave the Coos Bay area to prove the unconformable relationship , because the Coaledo Formation rests on eroded TJe e and in proximity with lower Umpqua basalt at the forks of Coos River and on a much thicker section of Tyee a few miles to the south or north. No trace of the Sacchi Beach or Elkton Siltstone Members is present at the base of the Coaledo other than at Sacchi Beach. At the south end of the basin along the tributaries of Bear Creek the basal Coaledo conglomeratic and pebbly sandstone beds rest in turn from south to north on.'..lower Umpqua, middle Umpqua, massive Tyee, and then , with a terrace covered gap of 7 to 8 miles, on the Sacchi Beach Member. It is reasonable to carry the unconformity northward to Sacchi Beach, where the break would be of lesser duration. Baldwin (1961) mapped beds in the center of the Coast Range south of Elkton as Coaledo ( ?) . These beds cap Old Blue, Rainy Peak, and Soup Mountain in the Elkton and Scottsburg quadrangles . Similar strata were found at Bateman Lookout and southward in the Tyee and Ivers Pea.k quadrangles. Although in many places they are parallel, on the regional basis the beds show some overlapping from the underlying Elkton Siltstone Mem ber toward the more massive Tyee and thus may be slightly disconformable. Work in the Tyee and Ivers Peak quadrangles has led the writer to consider these beds pre-Coaledo and post-Tyee. The beds , although ·micaceous , lack the rhythmic bedding of
162
• GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
Revisions of Geology of Coos Bay Area - cont'd. the Tyee and instead include some coal beds They were evidently laid in deltaic conditions where marine and nonmarine strata interfingered--conditions similar to those of the Coaledo Formation The sandstone was probably laid down during a n offlap of the Tyee seas . Fossils are not abundant but Venericardia califia was collected from these beds in the ,~enter of sec 13 T . 25 S. , R 9W at the head of the North Fork of Bottom Creek. This distinct ive fossil is abundant ·in the Tyee but has not been reported from the Coaledo The beds mapped as Coal edo ( ? J in the Elkton and Scottsburg quadrangles are to be described and named as a new formation. These beds are not recogni zed in the Sacchi Beach area where that part of the section is likely m issing . R . E . Stewart and W W. Rau. considered the Sacchi Beach fauna to be late middle or early upper Eocene, a part of the B-lA stages of Laiming · Coaledo Formation The Coaledo Formation is made up of appr oximately 6, 000 feet of coal-bearing beds of late Eocene age that was first divided into lower , middle , and upper members by Turner (1938) . These subdivisions were mapped regionally by Allen and Baldwhl (1 944), the latest regional mapping of the Coos Bay field. Coal is pres.e nt in both the l ower and upper members , but the middle member is more argillaceous and not coal bearing. Later work in the Coos Bay area has not changed this concept appreciably. It is possible that the base of the upper Coaledo in the coastal area should be drawn somewhat lower at the expense of the middle Coaledo and this is done on Fig. 1 The units are transitiona and there is a zone about 400 feet thick in which about equal amounts of sandstone and siltstone are present If encountered inland, the contact would probably be placed at the base of the sandstone. Thus some of the differences in thickness cited regionally may be due to
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AUGUST 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34, No. 8
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Revisions of Geology of Coos Bay Area - cont'd. interfingering of sandstone and siltstone along strike. An adjusted thickness for the upper Coaledo in the coastal section is 1~715 feet and for the middle Coaledo 2, 525 feet . . The middle Coaledo appears to thin at the southern and eastern margins of the basin, as would be expected during an onlap followed by an offlap of s eas to the west. The middle Coaledo likely graded laterally into sandstone along the margin of the basin, beds of which are now removed by eros ion. The tip of Cape Arago is labeled as upper Coaledo on the map (A llen and Baldwin, 1944), but this was a mechanical error, for it was considered to be lower Coaledo even at the time of mapping (see page 23) . Turner (1938) considered the channeling in North Cove to represent the basal unconformity of the Coaledo Formation. Further study of the Cape Arago area (Fig. 2 - P . 1621 as well as the Coaledo Formation indicates that the formati on was laid down as deltaic shallow-water sediments with swampy margins and interfingering continental beds in which primary sedimentary features such as cross-bedding, scour and fill channeling, and slump structures occurred. Channeling such as that seen in North Cove is now considered by the writer to be intra Coaledo and does not represent the bottom. Beds in the fault zone at Cape Arago , formerly mapped as Umpqua by Allen and Baldwin (1944), a r e now considered by the writer to be Coaledo , and their greater steepness is attributed to disturbance along the fault or faults . Lithologically they are more similar to the thin-bedded micaceous and carbonaceous sandstone in the Coaledo than to beds in the Sacchi Beach Member of the Tyee. Bastendorff Formation* The Bastendorff Formation is conformable upon the Coaledo F ormation . It consists of 2, 900 feet of shale which crops out at Bastendorff Beach. Stewart (1957) shows that the formation is both upper Eocene and lower Oligocene. The upper 700 feet of the section is comparable to the Refugian stage of California, according to Stewart. Tunnel Point Formation The Tunnel Point Formation crops out between the Bastendorff Formation and the Empire Formation southwest of the Coos Bay Jetty near the east end of Bastendorff Beach . The upper part of the section is not exposed, but it may grade upward into siltier beds much as the Yaquina Formation of comparable age apparently interfingers and grades upward to the Nye Mudstone at Yaquina Bay (Snavely, Rau , and Wagner , 1964). The cross section of the South Slough syncline (Fig. 3 - P . 164) shows that there may be room for the Nye Mudstone to be present and still leave space for an appreciable thickness ofboth the Tunnel Point and Miocene beds. The Tunnel Point Formation on the geological map (Allen and Baldwin, 1944) was shown extending northward under the broad beach to the jetty . Actually, it should not extendnorth of the cliff line. The eastern margin as shown on the 1944 map is too close to the south end of the jetty , which is against beds of the Empire Formation (see Plate 1 of the current report). Miocene beds Miocene beds were discovered during dredging of Coos Bay by the U. S. Corps of Engineers. The dredgings contained abundant fossils which were described by Moore {1963) . She concluded that the fossils are lower to middle Miocene and in beds gener ally equiva lent to the Temblor of California but not closely resembling Oregon Miocene faunas . The fauna in the dredgings contained numerous specimens of the genus Dosinia. None of this genus has appeared in the younger Empire Formation at Fossil P oint where fossils in blocks are obviously r eworked. It seems evident that the r eworking is within the Empire Formation and did not affect older Miocene beds . A proj ection of older formations in the South Slough syncline indicates that there is room for a considerable thickness of Miocene strata in the center. John Armentrout (oral communication, September 1966) has found * The correct spelling of Bastendorff, according to the U. S. Board of Geographic Names.
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Figure 3. Schematic cross section through a part of the South Slough syncline from vicinity of Cape Arago to a point near Empire, _showing progressive deformation along axis of syncline. Late Oligocene to early Miocene deformation invo.t ving .Tunnel Point and older Eocene beds. 2. Implied deformation during late Miocene invoiving Mioc:ene beds. 3 • . Post Empire Formation deformation during middle and late Pliocene. 4. · Deformation of older terraces with dip toward a xis (may be in port steplike withdrawal of sea). 5. · Inclination of Whiskey Run terrace toward axis during late Pleistocene. 6. Post terrace (late Pleistocene) fault at Mussel Reef indicati ng continued compression.
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As show n, there· is ample room in center of syncline for beds equivalent tq the Nye Mudstone which may interfinger with the upper part of the T~nnel Point Sandstone arid for ·a thickened section of Miocene beds which ore not exposed at the western edge of the basin but which have been found in restrict~d ·area by Armentrout at eost"ern margin.
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Figure 4. Small fault at Mussel Reef offsetting the late Pleistocene terrace. Continued compression is implied. Relation to South Slough syncline is shown in inset.
AUGUST 1968
GEOLOGICAL ~EWS LETTER Volume~ 34 , No . 8
165
Revisions of Geology of Coos Bay Area - cont'd.
~thin · section of the Miocene beds cropping out along the northeastern margin of the basin. The beds are only a few feet thick where exposed and dip gently at about the same angle as the overlying Empire beds. Empire Formation The Empire Formation occupies the center of the South Slough syncline , and is made up of as much as 3, 000 feet of massive sandstone. It contains the well-known Fossil Point locality. The Empire Formation was dated as lowe r and middle Pliocene with a possibility of uppermost Miocene (Weaver, 1942, 1945). Ar mentrout is currently r estudying the Empire fauna. Loose fossils similar to those in the Empire Formation are relatively common along the beach at the mouth of the Coquille River. One of the few outcrops of the Empire Formation between Coos Bay and Cape Blanco occurs at the mouth of China Creek 3 miles south of Bandon. Poorly exposed beds at the Fish Hatchery on Ferry Creek a mile east of Bandon are tentatively considered to be Empire by the writer. Coquille Formation The Coquille Formation of late Pleistocene age was named and described by Baldwin (1945, . 1964) . It is best exposed north of the present mouth of the Coquille River between the mouths of Whiskey Run and Cut Creeks and it represents the position of the river mouth at the time of deposition. The formation contains semiconsolidated conglomerate, sandstone , and mudstone with numerous stumps and logs, all of which were deposited in a bay during a stage of alluviation similar to that taking place today . Pleistocene terraces Pleistocene events were confined largely to terrace formation. A series of terraces reaching as high as Blue Ridge at 1, 500 feet has been described by Griggs (1945) . In the South Slough area higher terraces are almost 600 feet high south of Cape Arago but dip noticeably toward the axis of the syncline, painting to definite tilting eastward. The latest terrace, the Whiskey Run terrace of Griggs (1945) , has been warped (Baldwin, 1945). It is 125 feet at Cape Arago, lower at Shore Acres and Sunset Bay, and approximately 25 to 30 feet at Fossil Point (Fig. 3) . Structural
Geolog y
Faulting Several prominent faults have been discovered since 1944. Baldwin (1964) has shown a fault contact between the lower Coaledo and the Umpqua along Hall Creek west of Myrtle Point and another northeast-trending fault paralleling the north· side of the Umpqua basalt east of Coquille, where the Coaledo is faulted against the basalt. He would now add a prominent parallel fault along the northwest side of Blue Ridge and continue it northeast to Coos River about a mile east of the margin of the Coos Bay 15' quadrangle (R . 1). Geophysical work by H. R. Blank (U . S. Geological Survey open-file report, 1965) indicates that a northwesterly trending fault is buried beneath the Coquille River sediments. The basalt mass south of Coquille drops abruptly to the southwest. This fault is parallel to smaller faults in the Beaver Hill area and along the coast at the south end of Sacchi· Beach and with the larger one a short distance north of Fivemile Point. A prominent fault through Cape Arago with a branch in Middle Cove was mapped by Allen and Baldwin (1944) . The block between Middle and South Coves has many subsidiary fractures with small displacement. In the cape there is little evidence for other than simple dip slip. However, where the fault zone cuts· diagonally northwest across Simpson reef, at the north tip of the cape, considerable brecciation and drag on beds suggest that there may be some strike slip (Fig. 2). Nearly all small coves are located where erosion has been aided by existing faults , many of them with only a few feet of displacement. T~e entrance to Sunset Bay represents erosion along an intersection of several parallel and intersecting faults (Fig. 1). On an •
<
166
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
Revisions of Geology of Coos Bay Area - cont'd. areal photograph the va rious resistant beds may be.traced across the entrance to the bay even though offs et by fa ulting . Vertical movement on dipping beds can gi .ve an appar ent horizontal offset, but this is often moreapparent than real, anp that is P.~rhaps the case at Sunset Bay where smalLhorizontal sepa r ation may be seen. Ter races in the Cape Arago area are particular ly well displayed , fo r many of the bays give a three-dimens ional view of both the terrace surface and the wave-cut platform upon which the t erraces lie. Several post-terrace faults have been obser ved. The most distfoctive is at the coal bed along the west s ide of Musse!' Reef (Yokam P oint). At this place the strike of the fault is parallel t c;:i the beds ~!though the dip may be som ewhat s teeper. ·It appears to be a steep reverse fault roughly parallel to th~ beds (Fig. 4 ,-: P . 164). · Fol ding and warping The principal structure in the Coos Bay area is the north-plunging coal basin that extends. from Grigsby Rock west of Myrtle Point to the Coos Bay area. Within it are subsi diary folds ofwhichtheSouthSlough sync line is one of the best known (Pl. l and F ig. 3). CapeArago is ·on the western limb in an area of the best exposures. Folding followed the build-up of more than 10 , 000 feet of late Eocene to m iddle Oligocene strata. The Coaledo Formation commonly dips 60° to 70° , much steeper than the older Tyee Formation a short di stance to the east in the Coast Range. The Bastendorff and T unnel Point Formations share this steep di p. An unconformity between the Tunnel Point and the Miocene beds is implied and still another is indicated beneath the Empire For mation , for it laps onto the Tunnel Point , Bastendorff , & Coaledo Formations (Pl 1 & Fig 3) . The evidence suggests that there has been intermittent folding a_long the South Slough synclinal axis ever s ince deposition of thethi ck section of Eo·c ene and Oligocene be ds . Recurrent folding is shown by progressive deformation of eachsuccee dingformation , by tilting of the t~rraces ', and by the small dip-slip fault offsetting theyoungest terrace . Folding is attributed to continued, although intermittent, compression Bibliography _ , Allen , J . E ., & Baldwin, E . M .. 1944, Geology and coal resourc_es Of the Coos Bay quadrangle: Or egon Dept. Geology & Mineral Industries Bull. 27 , 153 .p. Baldwin, E . M., 1945, Some revi sions of the Late Cenozoic stratigra phy of the southern Oregon Coast: Jour. Geology , vol. 52 , p. 35-46. , 1964 , Geology of Oregon, 2nd ed. : Eugene, ·o regon, 165 p. ---' 1961, Geologi cmapofth e lowe rUmpquaRive rarea , Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey -Oil --& Gas Inv. Map OM -204. 1964 , Geology of Oregon , 2nd ed.: Eugene, Oregon, 165 p . - - - -,' 1965 of the south end of the Oregon Coast Range Tertiary Basin: - Northwest - - - Sci., ,Geology vol. 39, p 93 - 103 . Cushman, J , A., Stewart. R E , & Stewart, K. C., 1947 1 5 papers onforaminiferafrom the Tertiary of western_Ore.: Ore De pt. Geology & Min .. Industries Bull 36, Pts III & Iv , p . 57-93 . Detling, M. R ., 1946, F oraminifera of the Coos Bay, lower T.ertiary, Coos County , Oregon; Jour . Paleont. , vol. 20 , p. 348-361. . · . . Diller, J . S.; 19oi Descript ionofCoosBayquadrangle: US Geo . Surv. Geo!. Atlas , CoosBayfolio#73. Dott 1 R . H . , Jr. , 1962, GeoL of Cape Blanco a,rea , southwest Ore. : Ore. Dept. Geology & Min_, erallnd. The ORE BIN, Vol , 24 , p. 121-133. , 1966, EocenedeltaicsedimentationatCoosBay , Ore.: Jour. Geol. vol. 74 , #4 , P . 373-420 . Griggs , A: B ., 1945 , Chromite-bearing sands of southern part of coast of Or e . US Geo . Surv. Bull. 945-E , 150 p. . Howard, J . K. , & Dott, R. H , Jr. , 1961, Geol. of Cape Sebastian State Park & its regional relationship: The ORE BIN, vol. 23 , p. 74-81. . . . Koch , J , G. , 1966, Late Mesozoi c stratigraphy& tectoni c history , P ortOrford-GoldBeacharea , southwestern Ore. coast: Am . Assoc. Petroleum Geoldgists Bull. , vol. 50 , p. 25-71. Moore , E .J ., 1963, Miocen e marine mollusks from Astoria Rtr.m:a tion in Ore. : US GeoL. Surv. ·Prof Paper 419, 100 p. · · · · Snavely , P.n , Jr., Rau , W.W. , &Wagner, H.C. , 1964, Miocene stratigraphy of YaquinaBayarea , Newport, Oregon: The ORE B IN, Vol. 26, no . 8, p . 133-151. Stewart , R . E . , 1957 , Stratigraphic implications of some Cenozoic foraminiferafrom western Oregon; The ORE BIN, VoL 19, p. 11-15. Turner , F . E . 1 1938, Stratigraphy & molluscaof EoceneofwesteI'n Ore: Geo . so·c . America Spec. Paper 10, 130 p. · . · · Weaver, C.E., 1942 , Pal eontology of marineTertiaryformationsofOre. &Wash. : Univ . Washington Pub. in Geol t_1 v.ol. 51!. P ts.... f· II, IIL 790 o . f •. ·,... f h. ,... 1 ~4!)_ ~ r::ltiP'r::inn v RiP n Aon . of"'T'P.rtrnl"v orm::ihonf:l::lt\ ,OORRav _ TTo W1>11 m\TP.O 1. Von 1 " . ff"u.2 . 1
1
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Name
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Ot' THE OREGON COUNTRY ANNUAL MEMBERSHIP ROSTER Compiled by th~ Secretary August 1968 City, State, zipcode (Oregon, unless stated) Address
Abramovic , Mr . and Mrs. Emil 3212 S. E . Risley Ave. 2614 NE Bryce St. # Adams , Mrs . W. Claude 11 Allen , Dr. and Mrs . J ohn Eliot Ione Plaza, Apt. 610 . 1717 S. W. Park Avenue 636 S. E. Andover Place Allen , Mrs . Ruth M. · Allison , Mr . andMrs. AndrewM. 3512 "F" Street . Allison, Mrs . Isabelle D. Route 3, Box 905 Anderson, Mr . Robert Boyd 303 Wilcox Building Appelgren, Mr . andMrs . Wilson P . 0. Box 150 7122 S. E. 36th Avenue Ayres, Dr. and Mrs. Fred D.
11
Te'l e.phor.
Milwaukie , 97222 Portland, 97212 Portland, 97201
G54-093 8 281-8747 223-4260
P ortland , 97202 Vancouver , Wn. 98663 Gresham, 97030 Portland, 97204 Hood River, 97031 P ortland , 97202
234-8080 694-8182 658-2<)98 222-7095 386-3224 771-9384 279-3781 345-9755 639-3353 246-2785 223-9837 284-6986 761-8490 236-922 5 771-2988 654-6439 639-3353 232-4984 775 -6521 77 5-2163 654-1586 775 -2163 292-4577 289-8597 382-4469
Baker , Mrs. Thora Martin Baldwin, Dr. and Mrs . Ewart M. Barnum, Miss Sara Jane Barr, Mr. and Mrs . Donald D. Ba rry, Mr . andMrs. L ewis A. Bartholomay, Miss Clar? L. Bateman , Mr . & Mrs. J as . Harold Beauchamp, Mr. & Mrs. Everett A. Becker, Mr. & Mrs. Henry G. Becker, Mr. & Mrs. Ralph A. Beeman , Miss Joyce Benson, Mr . and Mrs . Lennart A. Birdsall, Mr. & Mrs. Lewis C . Bishop, Mrs. Shirley Bixby, Mr . and Mrs . DeForest Blakeslee, Mr. Ernest L. Blore, Mr . & Mrs . Stephen·w . Bonebrake, Mr . & Mrs . JohnH . Boyd, Mr. and Mrs. C . A . Bramble, Mr . Ronald E. Bl'ogan, Mr. & Mrs . Phil F . Brown, Mr . C. D . Bruckert, Mr . & Mrs. WalterE . Bryan, Mrs . Gladys L . Burke, Mr. & Mrs. Melvin H. Burnham, Mr. andMrs. HarryR.
Box 207 2058 Harris Street 11595 S. W. Greenburg Rd. 12438 S. W. Orchard Hill Rd. 1722 SW Vista. Ave. 1620 N. E. 24th Ave. Apt 306 14725 S. E . Rhine St. 3131 S. E. Schiller St. 7612 S. E. 32nd Ave. 1306 - 42nd St. 11595 S. W. Greenburg Rd. 6906 S. E. 17th Avenue 6815 S. E . 36th Ave. 4810 S. E. 35th Ave . 6424 S. E . Monroe St. 4810 S. E. 35th Avenue 5520 S. W. Downs View Ct. 4109 N. Winchell St. 434 Riverside Blvd. 3900 Coburg Rd., Space 66 1426 Harmon Blvd. 6830 N. E. Broadway Box 292 . · 6309 S. W. 32nd Avenue 2980 S. Glenmorrie Dr. 2510 N. E. Thompsol) St.
Estacada, 97023 Eugene, 97405 Tigard, 97223 LakeOswego, 97034 Portland, 97201 Portland, 97232 Portland, 97236 Portland, 97 202 Portland, 97202 Milwaukie, 97222 Tigard, 97223 Portland, 97202 Portland, 97202 Portland, 97202 Milwaukie, 97222 Portland, 97 202 Portland, 97221 Portland, 97 203 Bend, 97701 Eugene, 97401 Bend, 97701 Portland, 97213 Wasco, 97065 Portland, 97201 La keOswego, 97034 I;>ortland, 97212
Cameron, Miss Florence Campbell, Mr. Donald R. Carmody, Mr. & Mrs . DennisM. Chapman, Dr. M. P. Charkoff, Mr . Arthur Clark, Mrs . William F . Cook, Mr. & Mrs. Richard A. Cox, Miss Beryl C.
336 S. W. 3rd Ave. 2505 N. Emerson St. 6234 S. E . Carlton St. P. 0. Box 297 2026 N. E. Clackamas St. 3375 S. E . 8th Ave. 2006 S. W. Sunset· Blvd. " 1300 N. E . 16th Ave.
Portland, Portland, Portland, Sherwood, Portland, Portland, Portland, Portland,
Dahlin, Mr. George R . Darling, Mr . &' Mrs. Gary H. Dawson , Miss Sylvia E . ')eesen , Mr.. and Mrs . Ralph F . Delano, Mr. andMrs . LeonardH. Deyoe , Mr. Harold L . Dodson, Mr. & Mrs . Guy R . Dunn, Mr. & Mrs . Paul E.
Route 1 , Box 150 17725 N. E. Multno.m ah .Dr. 6534 S. W. View Point Terrace 200 N. W. 86th Ave. 1536 S. E. 11th Ave. City Center Trailer Court 1400 NW Electri.c Ave . , Sp l3E 6124 N. E . Mallory Ave.
Vancouver, Nn. 98662 Portland, 97230 P ortland, 97201 Portland, 97 22 9 Portland, 97214 Port Angeles, Wn. 98362 Beaverton, 97005 Po rtland, 97211
97204 97217 97206 97140 97232 97202 97201 97 232
382-0G60 252-0753 443-3219 246-66-0-7 636-8519 288- 334ti 289-3728 771-4904 625-6628 281-1416 234-7096 244-5026 288-6671 892-3427 246-1624 292-6528 236-2139 644-1609 285-.5008
GS 0 C Membership Roste r- August 1 968 Na m e . Eid, Mr &Mrs . Clarence H Mrs·.·· Rudol ph1 · E·rrett , Mr\ & Mrs . Sanford Eudaly , Mr. & Mrs . Dona ld 1 Ewen', Mr. Irving Gilbert
o Erickson ,
Farrens , Mr. & Mrs . William C. Fessenden,Miss Marjorie A. ·F ink, Mr. & Mrs . V. Carl Fite , Mr . & Mrs . Geo rge · F !eagle , Mrs . Geraldine L Fowler , Myrtice E . Freed, Miss Hilda W. Freer, Mr . William M.
City , State, zipcod e (Oregon, unl ess stated)
'.
" Address
5615 N. Willamette Blvd . 249 S. W. Glenmorrie Dr. 2707 N. Halleck St. · 5204 N. E. 28th Av e. 1 ... 4128 N. E . 76th Ave.
Po r tland, 97203 Lake Oswego , 97 034 Portland, 97217 Portland , 97211 P ortland, 97218
289-6662 636-181 289-604':1: 288-3654 281-7098
1932 SW Edgewood Rd. · 686 Third St. Apt . ·3 · 7025 N. Oatman Ave. ' 1689 National Ave. ,.. Sp. 21 355 9 N. E . Tillamook St: 611 6 N. E . Cleveland 'Ave. 1127 American Bank Bldg. 131 S. E . 2'4th Ave. ·
P ortland, 97201 Lake Oswego, 97 034 P ortland, 97217 Chuh Vista ,Cal. 97011 Portland , 9721'2 . P ortland, 9721i ·• P ortland, 97205 P ortland, 97214
223 - 7471 636-8369 289- 0188
Game r , Mr. &Mrs. Robert· L . 1425Aeria1Way, S. E . George , Mr . & Mrs . Carl L . . 1924 S. E . 24th Ave . Gerber ~ Mr. & Mrs .· Joseph A. 2445 N. W. -Northrup St. 11 Gilchrist , Dr . & Mrs . Francis G. 0644 S·. W. Palatine
Route 1, Box 561· ·
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281-5268 285-5143 222-1658 234 -5997
- Salem , 97302 P ortland ; 97214 Portlan9, 97210 Portland, 97219 Portland, 97210 Seattle ~ Wn. 98199 Portland, 97216 Portland, 97219 Portland, 97219 Gresham, 9703.0 · Portland, 97217. Tigard , 97223
232-6610 227-2881 636-5942 223-0280 284-7935 253-6897 244-4383 246-6019 665-2351 289-8509 246-5004
P ortland, 9720.5 Redm ond,.. 977 56 Portland, 97219 Portland, 97219 Troutdale, 97060 . Portland, 97213. Milwaukie , 97222 P ortland , 97266 , P ortland, 97213 , P ortland, 97206 .· . Portland, 97225 Portland, 97230 . Portland, 97 236 Portland, 97214 Portland, 9720'll Portland, Portland, Portland, Portland, .. Portland, ·Portland, Portland, P ortland, P ortland,
223.-302 246-2446 . ' 665-4473 253-7749 654-5570 771-5285 234-6994 771·-1740 292-2560 253-7446 761-1384 236-6887 2'28-2871
97220 97216 9721·9 97210 97225 97210 97,214 97223 97213
Ros eburg, 97470'·
Jeffcott , Dr . & Mrs . George ;6328 S. W. Brugger St1 · . , . . •Jennison, Mr. & Mrs . H. L : 1561 S. E . :Linn 1 Johnson, Mr . &Mrs . E . Cl evelahd 15914 N.E . Fre mont St.··' · i. Johnson, Mr . & Mrs . He rbert · 2004 N. E . 17th Ave. · Johnson , Mr . & Mrs . LawrenceT 16485 S. W. Royalty P arkway •
P. 2 Teleplion.e ·,
Portland , 97219 P ortland , 97202 Portland, 97213 Portland, 97212 Tigard, 97223
254-6614 254-8255 244-5626 ' 228-2248 644-7270
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_...:,.
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234-9005 244-5728 254-7226 "
672-388( 244-2839 2,3 4- 47,01 2'8 1-6767 281-0341 639-4993
GSOC Membership Roster - August 1968 Name
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3
Telephon
Joh.n ston , Mr . & Mrs Emory E . Johnston , Mr . & Mrs . Theodore ._fo_n es , Dr . & Mrs. Arthur C.
2030 N. E. 57th Ave . Rte1~ J,, Box 1 3300 S. W. Heathar Lane
Portland, 97213 Moro , 97039 Portland, 97201
281-3041 562-3586 222-3100
Keen , Mr & Mrs. Albert J . Kelley , Mr . & Mrs . J . Larry Kellmer, Mr. & Mrs . Earl B . Kenney , Mr. Albert R .' Kenney , Mrs. Laurette Kern , Mr . & Mrs. Emery R . .Keyser , Mr. Charles P ,
4138 S. W. 4th Ave. 2590 S. E. Briar Cliff Circle 6105 N. E . Rodrtey Ave . 3920 S. W. Condor Ave . 4125 s. E. Gladstone St . 152 s. E . Kelley St. c/o University Club 1225 S. W. Sixth Ave. Route 1 , Box 94AA 2433 N. W. Quimby St.
Portland, 97201 Beaverton, 97 005 Portland, 97211 Portland, 97201 Portland, 97202 Gresham , 97030
222-1430 644-3692 284-1 093 223-8316 775-5697 665-4628
Portland, 97204 Clackamas , 97 015 Portland , 97210
223-6237 656-7013 223-3951
2921 S. W. BP-rtha· Blvd. 810 Jefferson St. 409 Prospect St. 1808 S. E . 35th Place 2312 Ostman Drive 3723 S. E . Rothe Road 603 West 35th St. Biltmore Apts . , #208 2014 N. w. Glisan St. 1424 N. E . 21st Ave . 01139 S . W. Palatine Hill 'Rd. 600 E. Fairfield St. 1300 N. E. 49th Ave . 2632 S. E. Ash _St1 , _ '- _, 9360 S. W. Panorama Place 120 S. W. Taylor St.
Portland, 97201 Oregon City , 97045 New Haven , Ct. 06511 Portland 97214 West Linn, 97068 Portland, 97222 Vancouver , Wn . 98660 Portland, 97209
246-4504 656-3289 232-5294 656-2189 654-4707 693-7912 227-2145
Portland, 97232 Portland, 97219 Gladstone , 97027 Portland, 97213 Portland, 97214 Portla.nd , 97225 Portland, 97204
284 - 6020 636-4493 656-1035 284-6700 232.-2441 292-37::>8 227-9993
1400 N. E. 2nd Ave . 3932 S. w. Idaho TeJ;'race 4014 N. E . Flanders St. 9318 S. W. 2nd Ave . 13029 S. E. Ash St. 1252 S. E . Alder St. 11061 S. E. Wood Ave. 3122 S. E . 73rd Ave" 307 S. W. Hamilton St. 2165 S. W. Summit' Drive P . O. Box 465 1018 Promontory Ave. Alsea Route, Box 60 Rt. 2, Box 572 2944 N. E. 26th Ave . 2027 N. E . Wasco St.
Portland, 97232 Portland, 97221 Portland, 97232 Portland, 97219 Portland, 97233 Hillsboro, 97123 Portland, 97222 Portland, 97206 Portland, 97201 Lake Oswego , 97034
234-8Z71 244-2106 236-6759 246-4494 252-7572 64 8-7396 654-5550 771-6154 228-3581 636-2245
Oregon City, 97045 Waldport , 97394 Estacada, 97023 Portland, 97212 Portland, 97232
656-6724 563-4900 631-2149 28i-7389 282-2027
Albany, 97321 Portland, 97219 Milwaukie, 97222 Wellsboro , Pa. 16901
926-4556 636-4062 654-8125
Beaverton, 97005 Portland, 97212 Portland, 97210 Portland, 97215 Portland, 97232 Salem, 97301 Portland, 97232 Portland, 97209
644-7529 282-3685 223-8705 234-2318 236-7473 581-2700 234 -2650 227- 5847
"Koenig, Mr. & Mrs . Donald E . Kremers , Miss Jessie
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Address
p
Cit y , State , zipcode (Oregon , unless stated)
Lappala 1 Mr. Ernest Lathr'o p, Dr. & Mrs. Ted G. . Latourette , Dr. Kenneth Scott Laurence, Mr. & Mrs . T Herbert Leonard , Mr. & Mrs . Robert W. Lewis , Jr. , Mr. & Mrs. George Leyland , Mr. Alwyn C. Li~bey , Mr. Fay W. Lilly , Mrs . Elwin R . Lloyd, Mr. & Mrs . L . G. Lbng, Mr . & Mrs. Edward J . Mcclung, Mr . Wallace R . M9COl-!rtney , Mr. ~'.l·R ~ , .dcGrath , Mrs . Edwar.d S. ·McKeraghan , Mr. Dale S.
Marshall , Miss Emily L . " Mason, Mr. & Mrs . Ralph S. Matthews , Mr . & Mrs. Thomas C. Merryman , Mr. FrankJ. M'i helcic, Mr. & Mrs . John Miles , Mr . & Mrs . N. Bruce Miller , Mr. & Mrs . Arthur H. " Miller , Mr. & Mrs. Fred E . Miller, Mr. & Mrs . Grover ,L . .Miller , Mr . Hug_h 0 ~iller , Mr . & Mrs . Murray R . M~ffit ,
Mr . & Mrs . Donald C . .Morrison, Mr . & Mrs . W. W. Munr·o , Mr. & Mrs : George A. Murphy, Mr. & Mrs . C. T . L .
'Nafziger, Mr . Ralph H. 908 S. Ferry St., Apt. 7 Newcomb, Mr. & Mrs . Reuben C. 01631 S. W. Radcliffe Rd. 6304 S. E. Jack Road Nicho.Is , Mr. & Mrs. Alfred I. Ni-chols , Mr. & Mrs . Frank 44 Fischler St. 9berlander , Miss Patricia J . 1berson, Mr. & Mrs. Louis E . ,) 'Blisk, Mrs. Adelaide M. O'Dell, Miss Shirley M. .Oekerman, Mr. & Mrs . William Ohmart, Mr. Reynolds W. Orem , Mr. & Mrs . Hollis M. Owen, Mr. Hugh
970 S. W. Main St. . 3569 N. E . Stanton St. 112 N. W. Maywood Drive 4710 S. E. S..t: ark St. , Apt . 7 3927 N. E . Hoyt St. 1748 "B" St. , N. E . . 434 N. E . Mirimar Place 120 N. W. Tr!nity Pl. , Apt. 105
GSO C Membership Roster - August 1968 Name
City, State, zipcode (Oregon, unless stated)
Address
#Paterson, Mr . & Mrs . William F . P edersen, Miss Helen Perlot , Mr . & Mrs·. Leonard P errault, Mr . & Mrs , Ma rk Peyree, Mr . & Mrs . Bert W. "Fhillips , Mr. & Mrs ClarenceD. "Phillips , Mr: & Mrs Kenneth N Pigg , Mr . & Mrs . J . Doyl e ff P oppleton, Miss Gr ace M. Pratt, Mr . & Mrs . RaJ ph E Pri deaux , Elizabeth J Puziss , Dr. and Mrs Abe
2928 N. E . Broadway 1000 S. W. Vista Ave. · 1138 S. W. Cheltenham St . 9000 N. W. Cornell Rd. 220 Alice Ave . South 1485 S. W. Cardinell Dr. 4124 S. E . Woodward St. 8150 S. W. Birchwood Rel 12640 S. W. Riverside Dr . 7610 S. W. Miner Way 12640 S. W. Rive.rside Dr 6475 S. W. B~rlingha m P l.
Portland, 97232 Portland, 97205 Portland, 97201 P ortland, 97229 Salem, 97302 P ortland, 97291 P ortland, 97202 Portland, 97225 Portland, 97219 Portland, 97225 P ortland , 97219 Portland, 97201
Ramsdell, Mr . & Mrs . Vit t z- James 30ll S. E . ·Bybee Blvd Ransme ier , Jr., Dr . & Mrs . Robt E. 975 S W. Englewood Dr , . R awls , Mrs . Ruth P . Route 3 , Box· 296 . ..... Reams, Mr. & Mrs . Delbe rt L . 2301 N E . 130th Ave Reichle, Dr . and Mrs. Ray 6407 N. E . 25th. Ave . Rents ch, Mr . Jess R . Governor Hote], 611 SW l Ot.hAv.e . Ritland, Mr . & Mrs . R ichard M. Box 161 , Andrews Rural Sta.· Roberts , Mr . & Mrs . Walter E . 1055 - 16th St. , N. E . Rosa , Miss L . Kate · 1300 N. E . 16th Ave .. · · Rose , Mr . & Howard E . 10628 N. E . · Fargo . . . 'St.
Mrs.
Schmidt, Mr . & Mrs . Arthur W. 1/Schminky, Mr . & Mrs . H. Bruce Schramm, Mr . & Mrs . Kenneth R . Schreiber , Mr. J . E . Sherburne, Mr. Harry W. Simmons , Mr. & Mrs. George 14fsimon, Mr. & Mrs . Leo F . Sipple, Mr . & Mrs . Norman W.. Smith, Miss Almeda Smith, Mr. & Mrs . Charles Robert Soderberg, Mrs . Margaret Soots , Mr. & Mrs . Parks A. Stahl , Mr. & Mrs . Clair F . Ostanley, Mr . Orrin E . 'Stauffer, Dr. and Mrs . James Steere, Miss Margaret L . f Stevens , Dr. & Mrs . John C. Stewart, Miss Emma Jo Strong, Mr . & Mrs . Archie K. Strong, Mr. & Mrs . Emory ~ Strong, Mrs . F . H. (Lillian W.} Sullivan, Mrs. Irma
9945 N. E . Shave·r St. 1030 s: E . 54th ;Ave . 3407 S. E . V:ineyard Rd . Route 2, Box 275 12475 S. W. Edgewood St. 11965 S. W. · Fair.field 7006 S. E . 21st Ave. Route 3 , Box 114 1285 Newberg HigJlway 2535 N. E . 39th Ave. 2015 S. E . Harney St. 3915 S. E . 103rd Ave. 3235 N. E . 61st. Ave. .. 1616 N. E . 48th Ave . 717 - 8th Street 6929 S. W. 3~th Ave .. 13505 S. E . River Road '431 S. E . 33rd Ave . 6923 S. W. 2nd Aye. 2753 N. E. Wiberg Lane 2755 N. E . 51st Ave·. 524 Warner Parro~t Rd. ,
Taggart, Mr. & Mrs . 0 . Winston Thomas, Mr . & Mrs . Dent Thoms , Miss Meredith E . Townes , Mr. & Mrs. TheodoreM. Turner , Mr. & Mrs . Jay E . Tweedle, Mr . & Mrs . Thomas W.
5255 5004 2545 2150 5611 6960
/K.Jnderwood, Dr. Herbert L .
1 (
l.
P. 4 Telephone 281-2928 228-5735 244-526 292-4841 223-3312 235-1052 292-1183 636-4891 292-4238 636-4891 246-3564
Portland, 97202 775-6544 Lake Oswego, 97034 24$-5787 Sherwood, . 97140 625-7192 P ortland , 97,230 255-0789 Portland, 97211 281 --2362 Portland, 97205 223-4181 Berrien Springs , Mich 49104 473~942 Salem, 97301 363-4249 P ortland, 97232 288-6671 Portland, 97220 252-9654 P ortland, 97220 · Portland, 97215 Milwaukie , 97222 Oregon City, . 97045 Portland, 97225 Beaverton, 97005 Portland, 97202 Sherwood, 97140 Woodburn, 97071 Portlan~, 97212 Portland, 97202 P ortland, 91266. Portland, 97213 Portland, 97213 Lake Oswego, 97034 P ortland, 97219 Milwaukie, 97222 P ortland , 97214 P ortland, 97219 Portland, 97213 Portland, 97213 Oregon City , 97045
254-2797 236-3903 654-4278 631-2738 244-764r 644-488. 236-0549 538-5317 281-4428 235-3821 771-2085 281.:2220 636-3825 246-1670 654-3171 236-6903 244-9490 288-4605 2s1.:.s21s 656-7165
P ortland, 97201 Portland, 97 201 Portland, 97201 P ortland, 97 225 P ortland, 97215 P ortland, 97225
244-5540 228:-6961 227-6973
5226 S. W. Menefee Drive
Portland.,· 97201
246-3786
Vreeland, Mr . Paul R .
1677 5 S. E . River Road ·,
Milwau~ie ,
654-708\.
Wagner, Miss Marie K. Waiste, Mr . & Mrs . R obert Walters , Mr . & Mrs . George W.
1088 S. W. Gaines S~ . 133 S. E . 27th Ave. . 1345 N. E . 59th Ave .,
P ortland, 97201 Portland,. 97214 Portland, 97213
S. W. Dosch Rd. s .. W. View Pt. Terr. s. w. Terwilliger Blvd. s. W. Roxbury Ave. · · S. E . Madison St. '. .. S. W. Canyon Drive
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97222
644~6931
234-8730 292-3777
222-3493 235-4320 282-4272
• P. 5
GSOC Membership Roster - August.1.968 Name
City , State, zipcode (Oregon, unless stated)
Address
T elephon1
2149 N. W. Everett St. 2905 S. W. 209th Ave . .8005 S. E . Morrison St. 16685 S. W. Royalty Parkway 7114 S. W. Brier Place 9001 - 121st St. 2425 S. W. 6th Ave . Rm . 407 16650 .S. W. Lake Forest Blvd. Route 1, Box 505 303 May St.
Portland, 972iO Aloha , 97005 Portland, 97215 Tigard, 97223 Portland, 97219 Tacoma , Wn . 98498 Portland, 97201 Lake Grove . , 97034 Sherwood, 97140 Hood River . 97031
228-4232 644-7609 253 - 7340 639-1 063 244 ·-7125
Yode:r , Mr. & Mrs: Marvin
.6839 S. E. Pierce St.
Milwaukie , 97222
775-7952
Zimmer, Miss Ha_zel F . Zimmer,_Mis~ Ruby M.
805 S. E . 60th Ave . 805 S. E. 60th Ave .
Portland. 97 215 Portland. 97215
236-8319 236-8319
2570 S. W. Glen Eagles Pl. 5904 S. E . Holgate St. 631 S. E. Taylor St. 4655 S. E. Thiessen Rd. 214 High St. 2035 N. Saratoga St. ·
Lake Oswego , 97034 Portland, 97206 Portland, 97214 Milwaukie, 97222 Oregon City , 97045 Portland, 97 217
W anka . Miss .Hildegarde Nashburn·, Mr. & Mrs . N. Brice Weber , Dr. & Mrs . David E . · Werth ,. Mr. & Mrs . John H. .White, Miss Mella C. Whitmer , Dr. John H. "Wilbur , M'r. Robert F ; · "Wilcox, Mr. & Mrs .· Lloyd A. Wilhelm , Mr. & Mrs. Gene.L . Williams , · M~ . · &·Mrs . Philip M.:
228-6684 636- 6594 638 - 5387
JUNIOR AND STUDENT MEMBERS Bruinier, Mr . Terry Clark, Miss Megan J . Larson , Miss Carol J . O'Brien, Mr. William C. Sommer, Mr . Tim Townsend, Mr. Paul Graham Charter Member 0 Honorary Life Member rr Fellow
)
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636-2539 774-3670 234-9139 656-8027 656-2969 .289-5490
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Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
Non-Profit Org.
U. S. POSTAGE
PAID 133 S. E. 27th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97214
Portland, Oregon Permit No. 999
PROPERTY OP LIBIURY OREOON DEPT. QBOL. 4: MINERAL INDU81. STATl!! OPPICIE 81.JHJ •• POlffL.A~B• .-.O.
Dept. ot Geo l.oS7 & MiDaral Jndustrie
lo69 State ottice Bldg. Cit7 97201
Address Correction Requested
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY 1968 ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PRESIDENT Mr. Donald D. Barr VICE PRESIDENT Dr. M. P. Chapman SECRETARY Mrs. Robert Waiste TREASURER Mr. George R. Dahlin DIRECTORS Mr. George W. Walters PAST PRESIDENTS Mr . Lloyd A. Wilcox GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER EDITOR Mrs. Peigi Stahl BUSINESS MANAGER Mr. Robert Waiste
12438S. W. OrchardHillRd. Lake Oswego, 97034
246-2785
P . O. Box 297
Sherwood, 97140
625-6628
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Route 1, Box 150
Vancouver, Wn. 98662
892-3427
Mr. Mark Perrault
Miss Clara Bartholomay
Mr. Ralph S. Mason
3235 N. E. 6lst Avenue
Portland, 97213
281-2220
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97 214
235-4320
Lake Grove, 97034 Albany, 97321
636-6594 926-4556
OregonCity, 97045
656- 7165
Portland, 97213
284-6700
Portland, 97219
636-5942
Portland, 97202
236-0549
Sherwood, 97140
625-7192
Portland, 97215
234-2318
Portland, 97202
775-5697
Portland, 97215 Portland, 97215
236-8319 236-8319
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Portland, 97214
234-9005
Portland, 97230
253-7446
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Port land, 97214
235-4320
ACTIVITIES CHAIRMEN FIELD TRIPS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox 16650 SW Lake Forest Blvd. Mr. Ralph P. Nafziger 908 S. Ferry St. Apt 7 PROGRAMS Mrs. Irma Sullivan 524 Warner Parrott Road LIBRARIAN Mr. Wallace R. McClung 1300 N. E. 49th Avenue LIBRARY NIGHT Dr. Francis G. Gilchrist 0644S. W. PalatineHillRd. LUNCHEONS Mr. Leo F. Simon 7006 S. E. 21st Avenue MEMBERSHIP Mrs. Ruth P. Rawls Route 3, Box 296 PUBLICATIONS Miss Shirley M. O'Dell 4710 S. E. Stark St. Apt 7 PUBLICITY Mrs. Laurette Kenney 4125 S. E . Gladstone St. TELEPHONE Miss Hazel F . Zimmer 805 S. E. 60th Avenue Miss Ruby M. Zimmer 805 S. E. 60th Avenue ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace HISTORIAN Miss Rowena Hoven 1007 S. E. 21st Avenue HOSPITALITY Mrs. Merle C. Helfrich 251 N. E. 133rd Avenue OMSI FACILITIES Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Mr. Robert Waiste 133 S. E. 27th Avenue
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SEPTEMBER 1968
G. S. O. C.
.
.
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , Number 9
167
CALENDAR FOR SEPTEMBER 1968 NOTICE
Starting F:rid~y , S~P.tember 13th, all Lectures and Libra r y Night Meetings will 'be 'held at the Oregon Mus eum of Science and Industry, 4015 S. W. Canyon Roa d. Satisfactory arrangements will be made for members in need of transportation. Those needing transportation to OMSI should contact Don Ba rr at 246-2785.
.,
Every Thursday
LUNCHEON - Y. M. C. A. , 831 S. W. 6th Avenue , P ortland, Oregon. 12: 00 M. - Leo Simon is still shepherding the Thursday Luncheons in the Mountain Room. Now that vacation season is over let 's see if we can 1t provide Leo with a good sized "flock11 •
September 13 LECTURE - OMSI, 4015 S. W. Canyon Road, P ortland, Oregon Friday 7:30 P . M. - Dr. John Allen will talk on 11The Shadow of a Man - A case History in Public Relations 11 • This is the story of Dr . Thomas Condon and it promises to be a very outstanding lecture. An appropriate topic for th e first program of the fall season given by an outstanding lecturer . September 17 LIBRARY NIGHT - OMSI, 4015 S. W. Canyon Road, P ortland , Oregon. Tuesday 7: 30 P . M. - This is going to be 11 Get Acquainted With Your Library 11 night. Librarian Wally McClung will be in charge . A Social hour and r efreshments will follow the meeting. September 27 LECTURE - OMSI, 4015 SW Canyon Road , P ortland , Oregon. Friday 7:30 P . M. - Dr . Alexander McBirney, formerly the Director of the Center for Volcanology , just recently made head of the Department of Geology at the University of Oregon. Topic to be announced. September 28 FIELD TRIP - Santiam-McKenzie area of the High Cascades. Saturday Trip Leader will be Dr. Edward M. Taylor , associate Professor of Geology at Oregon State University. We will use the trip log printed in the State Department of Geology Bulletin No. 62. If you do not have a copy of this bulletin you are advised to get one. It will make your trip more enjoyable. 10:00 A. M. - Assemble at the junction of the North-and South Santiam highways . Allow yourself 3 hours driving time to get there. Bring your lunch , rock hammer , clothes to suit the weather, etc. Dr. Taylor is the author of the trip log we will be following, so again it is stressed - if you do not already have Bulletin No . 62 , buy, beg, or borrow one, but however you get it, be sure to bring it along. For further information call Field Trip Co-chairman Lloyd Wilcox , 636-6594 .
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168
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY NEWS OF MEMBERS By Lillian Miller
Some of our members surely travel. IRVING EWEN r ecently returned from a sixweek s elf-det e rmined circle of Europe. He visited Bratiss lava in Czechoslovakia, made a boat trip on the Danube Rive r from Vienna to Budapest and back, rode a train up a long the Rhine Rive r in Ge rma ny , and took lots of pictures. Ireland, Scotland, England , London , and Amsterdam were included in his itinerary. He encountered rain m ost of the tim e until he arrived in Italy . Venice , Florence , Rome , Milan and Madrid were points of inter est. Lisbon was the last stop. He fl ew home from that city. Welcome back, IRV. Mrs . Glenn Cheney , mothe r of MRS. R UTH McGRATH , MISS JEANETTE PEDERSEN, AND MISS HELEN PEDERSEN, passed away recently . The Soci ety expresses its regret. It is rumored that MR. a nd MRS
MARK PERRAULT are vacationing in Hawaii.
Such
fun! PAUL and SHARON HERNER climbed Mt St. Helens this summer. Congr atulations ! Their niece MARNEY SCHATTER has been visiting CLAIR and P EIGI STAHL and parti cipating in Society activities including the annual picnic a nd the camp out, he r second. Congratulations to LEO and JOHANNA SIMON who were honored on August 11 a t a reception given for them by their da ughte rs , Mrs . Mitzi Connelly a nd MRS. LOTUS MILLER on the occasion of their fiftieth a nniversary. Ma ny happy returns of the day!! Three la r ge luscious chocolate birthday cakes decorated with y ummy icing G-picks were served to m embers and guests at our annual picnic. The reason for all this goody? A birthday. Field Trip Co-Chairma n RALPH H. NAFZIGER was celebrating his natal cay . Congratulations! (Ed. note: See picture page) CLAIR and PEIGI STAHL obs erved their wedding a nnive rsary somewhat r ainily during tl.e cam pout. However, the rain didn't dampen the ardor of their well - wishe rs . Congratulations! TRUMAN MURPHY would like to share with fellow me mbers the card he r eceived from DR. HODGE -- "He r e I a m in this lovely city of Berlin wh ere the geology is in the kinds of stone used to pave the streets and build the buildings and to cover what once was a lake-ma rsh area . Edwin T . Hodge "
************** MEMBERSHIP ROSTER NEW MEMBERS and REINSTATEMENTS BENSON , Mr . & Mrs . Le nnart A. 6906 S. E . 17th Avenue BOXX, : Miss Eleanor M. 3054 N. E . Flanders St. KUHNS, Mr . a nd Mrs. J ohn C. 200 Burnha mRd. , #307 MANDEVILLE , Mr. John (Junior)
950 S. W. Oak Street
TITRUD , Dr. andMrs . Oliver
11 825 SE Stanley Ave .
ADDRESS CHANGES FARRENS, Mr . & Mrs. William C. WANKA, Miss Hildegarde DAWSQN, Miss Sylvia E . LILLY s Miss Elwin • • • -.......... ...-.T
,. Ir
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... If' - - -
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151 Ha milton Ave. 228 N. W. 22nd Ave. 6534 SW View P oint T err . • 1424·N. E . 21st Ave .
P or tland , 97202 P ortland , 97232 Lake Oswego, 97034 Lake Oswego, 97034 Milwauki e , 97222
636-1067
Watertown , Conn Portland, 97210 Portland, 97201 Portland, 97232
,06795 228-4232 246-1624 284 - 6020
232-4984 236-7628
659- 3418
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SEPTEMBER 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LE'T'TER
169
Volume 34 , Number 9 KOREAN CHRONICLES PART I - GENERAL GEOLOGIC PICTURE
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Dateline Munsan-ni. Munsan-ni is a small busy -South Korean town of about 3000 inhabitants, snuggled against the hills near the confluence of the Munsan Chon (Creek) and the much larger Imjin Gang (Rive r) . It is about 30 miles north of Seoul. The Imjin Gang heads up in North Korea, and, if the North Koreans could stop its flow at the border , I'm sure they would do so. The Imjin Gang is about the size of our Umpqua River and has a tidal flux of 27 feet at its mouth. The tidal effect ends a few miles above Munsan- n.i. Physiographically the area consists of a broad uplifte d a nd much dissected coastal plain which extends down a long the west side of Korea. The plain is in an advanced stage of erosion, and around Munsan-ni and Seoul the valley bottoin area equals or exceeds the ridge area. Small chains of uneven-topped hills thread the area and separate the shallow flat-bottomed valleys from each other. However, when one looks at a ny large section of the terrain , the local uneveness of the hills loses significance and one is struck by the remarkable concordance of ·summits . None of the hills rises more than a few hundred feet above the valley floors . The foreigner is startled also by the lush green vegetation of the hills , which is accentuated by the presence here and there .of the red scars of military acc.e ss roads and strong points. Some of the scars belong to battles of15 years or more ago andare almost healed, butothers are fresh and bright and remind one that this is a war area and it is armed to the teeth. Geologically the lush green vegetation and the bright r ed soil go together. The climate here is like that of the Appalachian Piedmont , consisting of hot muggy s ummers with torrential showers followed by harsh cold winters . Infiltration of rainwater is rapid (what doesn't run off) and leaching of the decomposing rock and hydration of its iron oxides are severe. There is one other important similarity to the Appalachian Piedmont. The r ocks here are all ancient granites, gneisses , schists , marbles, and quartzites, like those of the Piedmont. Just how old the rocks are is difficult to judge, for the re is little geologic literature or mape available in any form , much l ess translated into English. The Jap~nese did cons iderable geologic work and published many reports , but there has as yet been no urge to translate these into English. The one very general map and the some twenty pages of text r eviewed by your chronicler say that Korea is part of the ancient Asiatic Shield. It is at present very stable seismically, contrasting sharply with the very seismically active J apanese island arc a few hundred miles to the east. Ro cks younger than the ancient Precambrian shieid are present in southeastern Korea. They overlap the shield rocks along a line extending from the northeast corner of South Korea south southwestward to the seacoast south of Kunsan, The Paleozoic rocks and periods are spottily represented along this line and lap up onto the ancient shield. Southeast of the Paleozoic r ocks is a broad b elt of Mesozoic rocks , and southeastward beyond these, stretching down ove r the great coastal plain, are the young , poorly-consolidated Cenozoic sediments . The Pale9zoic and Mesozoic rocks are much folded and faulted and make up a large part of the midland mountainous area. Rising above the uplifted and dissected western coastal plain are monadnocks of ancient crystalline rock , thrusting their bare and massively slabbed summits to elevations of a thousand feet and more above the plain. The slabbiness is marked and is typical of exposed ancient crystalline rocks the world over. Such ancient rocks are formed at great depth under immense confining pressures. When they are later exposed at the surface by erosion they are relieved of the immense conffo.ing pressures and they expand. Expansion is faster and greater near the surface, and, as a r esult, -huge slabs break away from the main mass below. Geologists call the breakage separations "erosional relief joints ", an obviously appropriate term. Such is the general geologicpicture of South Korea. Your chronicler , Paul W. Howell
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
170
ANNUAL POT-LUCK PICNIC By Peigi Stahl One of the highlights of August is the Pot-Luck Picnic. That members of the Geological Society like to eat is proven by the fact that 11 eating 11 occasions are always well attended. The picnic was no exception. And we lucked-out on the weather! In an unusually wet month, and in spite of a forecast of rain, we were blessed with a balmy evening. Supper was the first order of business. The pleasant looks on faces in pictures No . 1, 2, and 3 (see opposite page) are an indication of good food and good company. The meal was concluded w~th chocolate cake, celebrating the birthday of this year's field trip co- . chairman Ralph Nafziger. Picture No . 4 shows him· cutting one of three large cakes which together read "Happy Birthday Ralph" . After supper things were cleared away Dr. Ted Lathrop (picture No . 6) proved hjmself a more than able Master-of-Ceremonies. As the program r olled along he kept the mood light and airy with his many stories involving members who were present. He also told of recent volcanic eruptions in Oregon, concluding with the statement that one could erupt at any time , at which point someone at the top of the bank turned loose a metal container full of empty cans and lifted everyone about a foot off the bench they were sitting on. Picture No. 5 shows Lloyd Wilcox thanking Picnic Chairman Ruth Rawls for· her efforts in connection with the picnic , and presenting her with a bouquet of gladioli which he grows and of which he is justly proud. About then we arrived at the musical portion of the program which sta rted with Truman Murphy accompanying Carmen Cooper as she sang several songs. Next Leo and Johanna Simon were persuaded to sing a few songs in German. This is always a crowd pleaser. A quartet made up of two members of the Perrault family and two of their friends (picture No . 8) sang a couple of songs. Equally as entertaining as the kids. was proud Papa Perrault trying to get just the right picture of the quartet in actibn. The Bazooka Band , part of which is shown in picture No. 9, struggled through their entire rep~rtoire of three numbers and then offered to fill requests from the audience. They got only one request - to please sit down, which they did. Once again flickering lanterns added "atmosphere" and lighted the song sheets while. Truman led the group singing. This is an ever popular portion of the program and is always terminated with reluctance. · Usually much in evidence , but missing from this year's picnic was Paul Howell. Readers have only to look elsewhere in this issue to find the whya and wheres of his absence. Picture page opposite Pictures No. No . No . No . No . No . No .
1, 4 5 6 7 8 9
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2, and 3 - Geesockers partaking of the pot-luok pi cnic supper. - Field Trip Co-chairman Ralph Nafziger cutting bis birthday cake. - Lloyd Wilcox presenting Picnic Chairman Ruth Rawls with a bouquet. - Master of Ceremonies Dr. Ted Lathrop doing his stuff. - Truman Murphy accompanying soloist Carmen Cooper . - Quartet composed of Perraults and friends . - Part of the Bazooka Band.
172
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GEOLOGIOAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY A WORD ABOUT FIELD TRIPS By Lloyd A. Wilcox
Early in August a small group of GSOC'rs under the leadership of Mark P errault made a reconnaissance trip into the Hay Creek uplift of Central Oregon. Their purpose was to develop plans for a field trip by the Society in October. The trip will be a two day affair and its focal point will be the critical examination of ancient shales exposed in the area . It is hoped that some lucky membe r of the Society will find a fossil from which the age of this formation can be determined. Only two previous findings are known and they were but pieces in such poor· condition that identification was impossible. · While the shales predominate, this formation also includes thin interbeds of fine to medium-grained graywacke, beds of chert-granule conglomerate, and metaandesite flows (GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLE'II N 1161-D). The chert conglomerate is remarkably similar to the one we saw in the Suplee area (President's Campout, 1965) that was attributed to the Triassic period. The shales underlie the Clarno and are cut by many Clarno feede r dikes . One dike that we examined could only, to the uneducated eye of this beholder, be a diorite or more basic porphyry although nothing I have read describes such a material there . The country is rough and rugged although an almost level camp site was located. It is also dry and the only water will be what we bring with us . Because of the dryness every precaution must be taken with fire of any kind. We will be camped by permission of the owners on private land and how we comport ourselves will be the determining factor should we care to return someday for further study: On the day of our reconnaissance we climbed a ridge developed from a Clarno dike and from our vantage point we had a breathtaking view of Oregon's geology from Recent to Mesozoic. From the skyline of the High Cascades on the west to the skyline of the Clarno hills on the east, each age of rock was laid bare for our examination. Most of them, at any given place, could be identified by their position and structure. (One of Dr. Hodge 1 s sketches from his ''Geology of North Central Oregon" is a great help in this identification) . In the canyon below us young Steve Perrault and his buddy, Mike Shefler, were squirting through the sage brush and the juniper, searching for snakes to avoid, and for lizards and bottles and old shoes and door hinges and other such things of importance to young men of that age . They later told us that they had their eyes peeled for fossils too but none were out that day. As we sat there gazing from our ridge, a thunder storm squeezed its way between Mt. Jefferson and Olallie Butte and we greatly enjoyed the splendor of its fire works as it inched its way down the foothills and out across the Warm Springs Reservation plains. When the space of time between a flash of lightning and its resultant thunder clap shortened to ten seconds , I timidly suggested that we return to the car. Not wishing to be accused of cowardice, I merely suggested that the curtain of rain accompanying the pyrotechnic display we were watching was very apt to dampen us . I was heartily reassured by Mark that we neednt worry, we couldn't get wet, no rain would reach this far. Some minutes later as I sloshed my way down the hill , sans hat, sans coat, with the Willamette River running down my back and the Santiam in flood pouring off my nose and chin, I could only reflect that the country really needed it and more the same might prevent our Octobe r visit from being a dry one. I really should have known----- Clara Lee brings the rains with heron every recon she makes . ·
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We have been able to fill the request from Washington State University for all volumes except No . 9 (1943) . Does anyone have a copy of that volume to donate to them? U so, notify the Secretary . We wish to express appreciation to Mrs . Claude Adams , Mr. DeForest Bixby, Mr. Leon Simon and Miss Margaret Steere for the Newslette rs they donated for this purpose.
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Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
Non-Profit Org.
U. S. POSTAGE
PAID Portland, Oregon Permit No. 999
Dept. of Geo logy & MJilleral lDdustrie lo69 State Off ice Bldg. City 97201
Address Correction Requested
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY 1968 ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PRESIDENT Mr. Donald D. Barr VICE PRESIDENT Dr. M. P . Chapman SECRETARY Mrs . Robert Waiste TREASURER Mr. George R. Dahlin DIRECTORS Mr. George W. Walters PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER EDITOR Mrs. Peigi Stahl BUSINESS MANAGER Mr. Robert Waiste
12438S. W. OrchardHillRd. Lake Oswego, 97034
246-2785
P.O. Box 297
Sherwood, 97140
625-6628
133 S. E . 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Route 1, Box 150
Vancouver, Wn. 98662
892-3427
Mr. Mark Perrault
Miss Clara Bartholomay
Mr. Ralph S. Mason
3235 N. E . 61st Avenue
Portland, 97213
281-2220
133 S. E . 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Lake Grove, 97034 Albany, 97321
636-6594 926-4556
Oregon City, 97045
656-7165
Portland, 97213
284-6700
Portland, 97219
636-5942
Portland, 97202
236-0549
Sherwood, 97140
625-7192
Portland, 97215
234-2318
Portland, 97202
775-5697
Portland, 97215 Portland, 97215
236-8319 236-8319
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Portland, 97214
234-9005
Portland, 97230
253-7446
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Port land, 97214
235-4320
ACTIVITIES CHAIRMEN FIELD TRIPS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox 16650 SW Lake Forest Blvd. 908 S. Ferry St. Apt 7 Mr. Ralph P . Nafziger PROGRAMS Mrs. Irma Sullivan 524 Warner Parrott Road LIBRARIAN Mr. Wallace R. Mcclung 1300 N. E. 49th Avenue LIBRARY NIGHT Dr. Francis G. Gilchrist 0644 S. W. Palatine Hill Rd. LUNCHEONS Mr. Leo F. Simon 7006 S. E. 21st Avenue MEMBERSHIP Mrs. Ruth P. Rawls Route3, Box 296 PUBLICATIONS Miss Shirley M. O'Dell 4710 S. E . Stark St. Apt 7 PUBLICITY Mrs. Laurette Kenney 4125 S. E. Gladstone St. TELEPHONE Miss Hazel F. Zimmer 805 S. E . 60th Avenue Miss Ruby M. Zimmer 805 S. E . 60th Avenue ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace HISTORJ4N Miss Rowena Hoven 1007 S. E. 21st Avenue HOSPITALITY Mrs. Merle C. Helfrich 251 N. E. 133rd Avenue OMSI FACILITIES Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Mr. Robert Waiste 133 S. E . 27th Avenue
OCTOBER 1968
GEOLOGICAL NE NS L ETTER -'V olume 33 , No . 10
173
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G. S. 0. C. CALENDAR FOR OCTOBER 1968 Lectures and Library Night Meetings are now being held at the Oregon Mus eum of Science and Industry ;· 4015 S. W. Canyon Road. The Board of Directors is working on a system of transportation for members who need it. In the meantime members who have no way to get to OMS! should contact Don Barr at 246-27 85. Every Thursday
LUNCHEON - Y. M. C': '.~ ., 831 S. W. 6th Avenue, P ortland, Oregon 12: OOM_:_ - To attend the luncheon s ele ct your food at the main floor cafeteria, turn right afte r you have pass ed the ca shier's stand and go straight back to the Mountain Room . The progrE1.ms are interesting, var ied and informal. Luncheons Chairman ~eo Simon presides .
October 11 Friday
LECTURE - OMS!, 4015 S. W. Canyon Road, P ortland , Oregon. 7:30 P . M. - Dr. Pzul Hammond, Assistant Professor of Geology at Port-
land State College will give an illustrated le cture titled "The History of the Columbia River" . Soc.ial hour follows . October 15 Tuesday
LIBRARY NIGHT - OMSI, 401 5 S. W. Canyon Road, Portland, Oregon 7: 3 o P .
M. _ This hour is reserved for library purposes. You may read, c hec~ out books , or simply investigate the book shelves .
8:30 P. M. - The program for this hour will be announced. Refreshments
will follow . October 19 - 20
Saturday
Sunday
FIELD TRIP - A sear~h Jor fossils in the Hay Creek Uplift. Field trip leader - Mark P errault. See September issue of the News Letter; page 172 . · 10 :30 A. M. - Meet at Madras City Park.
To locat e the pa rk , for those entering Madras fro m the north, turn left oh third street and proceed east for two blocks . The group will travel caravan style to the diggings. It will be approximately 12 miles on a grave l road.
Anyone wishing to join the group on Sunday should contact Ma rk Per;rault or Lloyd Wilcox fbr instructio.n s . Come equipped with hammers , chisels, etc . for digging in shale. Also bring cameras, bi noculars, grub ,- camping equipment and WATER. This will be a dry camp so you must bring your own water. (Refills will be available in Madras). Sanitary facilities will consist of juniper trees . There are several motels in Madras for those who prefer not to rough it. For further information call Trip Leade r Mark Perrault at 292-4851, or Field Trip Chairman Lloyd Wilcox at 636-6594 .
October 25 Friday
LECTURE - OMS!, 4015 S. W. Canyon Road, Portland, Oregon. "A Float Trip Down the Grand Canyon" . This is an illustrated study by Mr. William Oberteuffer. -Mr. Oberteuffer is· a science teacher with the Portland Public School System. Social hour at the end of the program.
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174
GEOLOGICAL SO CIETY OF THE OREGON COUXTRY
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NEWS OF MEMBERS By Lillian Mille r LA URETTE KENNEY is popping her buttons. He r first gr andchild , a girl , Melissa Marie Kenney was born Septe mber 12 to Mr. and Mrs. R obert R . Kenney. R UBY TURNER and her three daughters spent nine September days in Seattle visiting relatives . Me mber SHIRLEY O'DELL is changing he r name the la tte r part of October . She is moving to Chicago to become Mrs Mike Singer . Best wishes , Shirley. · GUY R DODSON long time member of the Geological So ciety, passed away Septem ber 28th at the age of 82 at the Park View Nursing Home. A r e tire d Des ign Engineer, he and Mrs. Dodson trav elled extensively to Hawaii and across the United States and a few years ago they gave an illustrated lecture to the Society on the Geolo.w of Hawaii. The Dodsons have been frequent attendants of the fi eld trips and the Thursday noon luncheons . The Society extends its sympathy to Mrs. Dodson. The Society " ill mis s the smile a nd enthu sias m of Dr. MERWYN CHAPMAN who is moving to Fredonia , Kansas in October. However , he has promised to keep in touch with his many friends · Another of our m embers has been abroad r ecently. MRS. HILDEGARDE WANKA visited Europe a nd enjoyed the Eurorailpass. Her ticke t was purchased in the United States and could be used on a ny European train . It was first class with no standing in line , ar:id no trips to ticket offi ces She visited Bavaria , Frankonia , the Rheinland, The North Sea, Sylt, . Westerla nd . and Creblingen which is noted for the famous wood-carved altar by R ieme nschneider . She took a short trip to Gravenstein , Denmark . When she was near Bonn , she cJimbed the Drachenfels What a wonderful trip! F ormer m ember MILVOY ROBOSKY , the late Emily Moltzne r's br other, pas s ed away in September. ISABELLE ALLISON suffered a stroke on he r way to Hoo d River with her granddaughters to go on a .c amping trip. After several days in the Hood Rive r and Woodland Park Hospitals , she is back at her home She is improving a nd hopes to ma ke the next GSOC meeting. Her telephone number is 658-3906 . · BRUCE SCHMINKY is in intens ive care a t Portland Sanitarium. He underwent surgery Tuesday, September 24 · MILDRED a nd BRICE WASHBURN took in the P endleton Roundup and then wen t on to Baker, John Day . and the vi cinity of Frenchglen, r ock hunting. After missing the Hampton diggings , they returned home, got better directions , returned to the Hampton area and had rather good success in their hunting . They plan to keep travelin5 until October 7 . Word has it that DR EDWIN HODGE had bullets whistling 'round his ears while in Prague. Look fo.r a report of his adventures from Dr. Hodge hims elf in a near future iss ue .
* * * * * * *** * * MEMBERSHIP ROSTER NEW MEMBERS MARCOTT, Mr Dennis
Box 286
Scappoose, 97056
ADDRESS CHANGES CHAPMAN. Dr M P 333 N. 12th Street Fredonia , Kansas 66736 FESSENDEN Mi ss Marj orie A 1.6.575~~.w Royalty P arkway King cuy Tigard, 97223 639-7049 ANDERSON. Mr Robert B 210 Times Build ing P or tland , 97 204 EUDALY Mr and Mrs . Donald 3300 N. E . 19th Avenue P ortland, 97212 288-3654 OWEN Mr . Hugh 2207 N. W. Flander £, 'P ortland, · 97210 227-5847 Apt. 207
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OCTOBER 1968
GSOI::.OGICAL NEWS :,ETTER - - --- -- ·- vo::.umc 34-,- - No. 10
175
CAMPOUT ADVENTURES Authored by Collabora tion Saturday, August 17th, found a group of ha rdy GSOCers converging on Camp Arago , near Coos Bay. Those who arrived early assured the-rest tha t the weather had been fair all afternoon , but by evening it was r ainihg steadily. Those who a rrived early needed the fair weather to stand and contemplate the 'His" a nd "Hers" sign3 printed in biological symbols on the bath house doors. By the time the rains came word had been quietly spread through camp so that it was possible to make a quick dash for the appropriate door without fear of embarrasment. Bill and Mickey A1bus , owners of the ·camp, braved the storm to welcome newcomers and direct them to the cabins , bunk house , camp ground and other facilities. After making camp w.e gathered in the building which houses the recreation room and labs , where, to his del~ght , Truman M;urphy found a n ancient piano , and played us a medley by way of welc9me. Others were equally enterta ined by a pingpong table , chess sets , and conversation until our president, Don Barr , called the meeting to order and outlined the program for the coming week. Hav ing been assured that the rain was an accident which would NOT be repeated , during the camp-out , we retired . Sunday , the 18th , dawned dark and forbo.ding. The program for the day consisted of a tour of the fossil localities of the Coos Bay area , led by Don himself. The caravan got under way at ten o'clock and the first stop wa.s Bastendorf Beach where a road cut through the Empire Formation revealed a bed of foraminifera . We then proceded to Tunnel Point where pelecypods and gastropods may be gathered at low tide. Here the photographers of the group were kept busy snapping the sharply tilted beds of the Basten dorf formation. Missing the road to the Cape Arago light house , we continued to Sunset Beach were we admired a fault in the lower member' of the Coaledo formation , but were prevented from searching for the fossil sharks ' teeth, crab claws and dentalium of the area by the tide. At this stop President Barr lost his car keys . Everyone joined in the search, and they were soon located. After lunch at Shore Acre8 , the beautiful garden of a private estate which has been turned into a park, we went on to Simpson Reef where those with fi eld glasses were able to enjoy the antics of the sea lions on the off-shore rocks . However , the bird-watchers seemed more interested in the cormorants which shared the rocks . Our last stop of the day was at Middle Cove, where we hiked down to the beach and found some fossils , mostly turritella , inthe lower Coaledo formation. By this time the wind was howling , and the mist that had be~n falling intermittently began to r esemble rain, so we made a quick return. A few of the less hardy souls chose to abandon their tents and cook dinner in the camp kitchen, to the joy of Maxine Roquefort , the cat , who was declared official food taster. The huge blaek gas stove was regarded with fear and trembling by all who used it, and soon earned the nickname "the volcano". ·
After dinner we dried out in the recreation room and joined Truman Murphy for a sing-along. On Monday we arose to find that the rain had stopped and a little blue sky was beginning to peak through. The bird watchers. were out early and Dr. Chapman enthusiastically reported sighting three blue herrons in the slough below camp . Ralph Mason was trip leader for a tour of the geologic features of the Coos Bay-Bandon area. We crossed the narrow channel , since silted-in, wher e sailing ships used to load coal for San Francisco during the later part· of the nineteenth century , and pro ceded to Isthmus Slough , the heart of the former coal min_ing in the area . Coal was mined here from the 1850s until the end of the second world war . .The mines are closed now , not because of a lack of coal , but because there is no longer a market for it. The first railroad in Oregon was built here , a narrow track running, from the Libby Mine to the harbor . "
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
Campout Adventur es - cont'd. We wer e somewhat nonplussed to learn that our Oregon coal is ONLY s ixty m illion years o! d . not to be compared with eastern coal , which is MUCH older . Continuing south along the axis of the downwarp we obs~rved a building where during the war years the black sands of the area were processed to obtain chromite , magnatite zircon, iEmonite rhutile , and silver. · Just past R iverton the syncline began to pinch out, dipping to the north , and here we were to dis cern elevated beach terraces at about the the one hundred, two hundred and three l: und:red foot levels . We also enjoyed the typical Mason stories. ab~ e
After l unch at Bullard State Park we journeyed on to Bandon, and a rock qua r ry containing a highly meta morphosed mica schist. The sun came out to .warm us , and the afternoon was agr eeably spent in the search for crystals of actinolite, pyrite and ga rnet. This schist is believed to be some of the oldest rock in Oregon, and we all agreed that it is among the most beautiful. Ir! the evening we toasted marshmallows around a campfire, and Murr ay Miller filled us in about the sand dunes we were to visit in th e morning. A tragedy almost occured when the Barr ' s dog , Ralph, made off with Ruth Rawls' funny hat. A firm grip on his tail pers uaded him to return it and the day , or at least the hat, was saved. ·
Tuesday the 20th, with Murray Miller in the lead, we journeyed north on highway 101 fo r twenty three miles to Eel Creek Forest Camp, where we parked the cars and hiked about a quarter mile to the dunes . Here we could see the dunes encroaching on the forest and camp ground , at a rate . Murray tells us , of four feet a year. He demonstrated to us his method of rre asur ing the forwa,rd movement of the sand by measuring its vertical r is e on the t runks of t rees and then using the tangent of the thirty degree angle of the precipitation s lope to a r r ive at an estimate. In the meanwhile the young folks (and at least one adult chiJ d-at hea:rt; us ed the thirty degree angle for a slide, whizzing down the tall dunes on their stomachs The dunes in this area have been deposited in three separate episodes , perhaps a thousand years apart . During the dormant periods between episodes vegetation grew on the existing dunes anchoring them permanently in place. R emnants of these appear as " islands" in the currently a ctive dunes . The dunes sand comes from the ocean floor . It is pushed up t
Above • Camp Arago Left • ~o ving sand a on the dune• Lower left • Moving kida on the dunes Below • Murray lililler explaining hie method of meaeuring the rate of movement of the dunea. Photos by Fr ed Mill er
Above - Ralph ~aeon d1eou1aee mioa eohiat at the B•ndon rook quarry Right - Dr. Baldw1n lead1ng the group on the Bandon beaoh Lower right - Waves breaking on tilted fonnation at Shore Ac res Below - Guy Rooth ehowa Gee1ookera Coaledo coal eeem Photoe by Fred Miller
OCTOBER 1968
NEWS LETTER Volume 34, No. 10
GEOLOGIC/~L
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Campout Adventures - cont'd. · After a short stop at the county road cut above Bastendorf Beach for fossil forams , we returned to camp. For our evening program Mr. Rooth returned to talk about foraminifera and he set up some mi croscopes with slides of s ome forams he had co llected in the area. He also explained his method of preparing th~m . There was no planned program for Thursday and Friday, s o ever yone had the opportunity to explore the areas wh ich they had found most inter esting, or to r ecuperate in camp from the rigors of the past few days . A few dyed-in-the-wool fossil hunters arose very . early both mornings and took a dvantage of the low tide to explore Fossil Point and the tide flats . They returne d in time for breakfast , soaking wet , but happy , with all the pectins they could carry. Almost everyone r eturned at some time to the sand dunes , either to hike, or to take a thrill ride on the dunes buggi es. Another favorite spot was South Cove, wh ere petrified Myrtle wood was found on the beach . Clara, Rowena Hoven and Dr. Chapman took a day-long trip to the southern beaches to pan for gold. They didn't strike it rich , but Cla r a fell in again , and this time r eceived more kidding than sympathy. Lloyd Wilcox was stung by a bee on one of his outings , and returned from another to find his tent had collapsed. With others who had had similar misfortunes, he and R eba retired to the cook house where our charming hosts, Bill and Mickey Arbus showed how to prepare mussels and barnicles and treated us to a feast. . The children spent the rainy afternoons playing ping pong until Ralph Barr ate the last of the ping pong balls . Thursday evening Bill Arbus fascinated us with a s lide show of the sea life of the tide pools in the area and we enj oyed Truman Murphy's sing-along . Frida.y night found Clara 's tent soaked through , so she and her tent mate , Rowena , spent the night in the cook house , where they s lept on the tab les , declaring that ther e were a couple of pretty good dishes ' on the table that night, by golly. For the last field. trip of the campout Dr. Ewart Ba ldwin of the University of Oregon was to conduct us on a tour of the ·Bandon area. Dr. Baldwin was awaiting us at the Ban don City Hall when we a rrived , some of the Geesockers happily licking ice cream cones at nine in the morning. Our first stop was the jetty, composed of schist from the qua rry we had visi ted earlie r in the week with Ralph Ma son. While we attempted to undermine the jetty in our s earch for pyrite and garnet Dr. Baldwin explained that this schist, which is consider ed to be part of the Otter Point formation, and of late Jurassic age , is something of an enigma in Oregon. · Its origin is unknown , and geologists find it difficult to explain the occurence of the small pockets of highly metamorphized material surrounded by sandstones which show no evidence of having been subjected to heat or pressure. The green mineral which composed most of the schist was identified as ~aucophane , the white veins as albite , and the visible crystals as ga rnet , pyrite and a ctinolite. We continued from the jetty to the beach , whe r e we examined the remains of basaltic pillow lavas of Jurassic age. Much admired by the rock hounds were the many large boulders of greenstone with white veins of albite running through the m . Dr. Baldwin explained that the greenstones we re metamorphosed volcanics , and among the ha rdest rocks in Oregon . Our next stop was Whiskey Run and the overturned beds of grey and tan sandstone of late Cretaceous er early T ertia r y age . Clambering about among the r ocks , we were able to examine sole markings , and .even rippl ~ marks on the under side of the beds . After lunch we visited an abandoned chromite mine where chromite sands had been mine d during the 1950s. Magnitite , zircon and rutile were by-products of this operation. The remains of older gold mining operations may a lso be seen in the area.
GEOLOGICAL SOCIBTY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
180
Campout Adventures - cont'd. Erosion of the unconsolidated sands at the mine revealed the deteriorating trunks and branches of trees so old that they cannot be carbon dated. We spent little time in digging for them, as the storm was becoming intense. With stops planned for Sacchi Beach and Agate Beach cancelled because of poor road conditions , we were delighted when Dr. Baldwin agreed to accompany us back to camp where we gathered in the cook house for conversation, hot tea, cookies , and Dorothy Barr 's delicious brownies Arriving late to tea were Doc Cha.pman and party, delayed by a flat tire. After much discussion and a majority decision that it was too late in the day to break camp almost every one quickly and quietly folded their soggy tents and stole away , · leaving only those two delectable dishes to spend one more night on the dining tables. Although the wettest August on record dampened clothing and camp gear it did not dampen the spirit of Pre sident Don Barr's Campout which must be acclaimed as a· great success. The locale was superb, the field trips had exceptional leadership, the evening programs were very enjoyable , and the Sing-alongs Truman Murphy conducted to round out each da'y' were hea rt warming and delightful. Proof lies in the reluctance to leave of those whd.'e conflicting interests took them away early. It also lies in the many plans already being formulated for a return trip to the Coos Bay area. GUY ROOTH 'S METHOD
FOR EXTRACTING FOSSIL FORAMS
Crush the material containing forams into pieces about the size of the end of your little finger , then place it in an aluminum pan in the oven at LOW heat (150 degrees ) until thoroughly dry . After cooling put it in a jar and add enough kerosene to cover. Let it sit for a day or two , then pour off the kerosene and put material in an enameled or glass (not aluminum) kettle full of boiling water. Boil until all odor of kerosene is gone. Carefully pour off the water , and repeat the whole process. If the material is not completely broken down after the second boiling add a little washing soda to the water and boil it some more. Now , CAREFULLY pour off the water and clay in solution, leaving the sand and forams in the bottom of the kettle , and dry it again. · Use prepared slides, or make your own by cutting a small hole in the center of a piece of cardboard, gluing it to a piece without a hole and ·painting the whole thing black. For permanent slides the forams inay be mounted with Elmer's glue, but if you want to be able to remove them for more thorough examination a water soluble preparation· such as guni traganth is recommended. Dampen the tip of the smallest paint brush you can find and use it for picking up the specimens and positioning them on the slides. When the glue has dried put a drop of oil of clove or oil of cinnamon on each one to prevent the growth of fungus. The Department of Mineral Industries Bulletin #36 in two parts is helpful in identifying foraminifera of the Coos Bay area. ·
* * * * * * * * * * ITEMS 0 F INTEREST FROM THE PRESIDENT The move to the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry appeared to be accepted by all those present for the first September m eeting. We. looked the new facilities ove·r, had an excellent talk by Dr. Allen , had coffee and cookies prepared by Mr. and Mrs. Helfrich, saw some more films and went home about eleven . The first Library Night was attended by 40 members and guests . The group spent the first hour looking over the new library and talking. The pictures of the 1968 campout were shown later in the evening . Naturally , true to the GSOC tradition--the troops filled up on goodies and coffee. The board will be meeting on the first Monday before the first Friday night' meeting each month . This will give the board more time to complete the variety of business that co mes before it. Your president will not be to the next three Friday-night m eetings, as he has to work.
OCTOBER 1968
. . ·GEOLOGICA:L NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , No . 10
181·
ORRIN E . STANLEY As a salute to our oldest member (Honorary) the following a rticle is reprinted as written 26 years ago by Mr. Stanley. Orrin , a veteran of '98 , has just passed his 96th birthday. As Editor of this publication during World War II he made copy when it was needed and so kept our News Letter afloat. Jess R entsch
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WAR, WEEDS AND THE WAIST LINE . by 0 . E . S. (Reprinted from the October 25 , 1942 issue of the GSOC News Letter) For thirty years I have watered and mowed the we~ds in my lawn and for thirty years I have threatened that "so me day". J. would have t.h e whole place spaded up and a new lawn started but circumstances have never seemed to be right for such a major operation. · · At first the weeds kept the children out of the mud as well as a fine sod would have done. Then the automobile tempted me away from home on week-ends and consumed so much of my income that there was nothing left to pay a man with a strong back to do the work for me. Then photo.graphy joi_n ed hand~ with the car, and the weeds continued to flourish. , My sons married and moved to homes of their. own. Their lawns were a delight to the eye. The boys dropped hints about weed eradication m~thods . One of them loaned me a "gets-.u m" gun which lay in the garage for months with no effect on the weeds. My trousers were tight at the waist-band and my vests developed horizontal wrinkles that were not "nice" to behold. Then the Japs cut loose; tires and gasoline became things to be hoarded, and having evenings and week-ends on my hands , I got better acquainted with the lawn. I went at the weeds with a sawed-off case· knife. The lawn looke d like a small pox victim, but a spring came into my walk and my belt could be buckled one' hole tighter. One weed at a time , where there a:r:e so very , very many to be eradicated , seemed an endles·s task, but l finally finished a small square directly in front of the house. The pock marks filled with grass and I tried to concentrate my mind on this squa r e, ignoring the rest of the yard. .It couldn't be done . · I mentioned the weed problem to my fri enc:i; C. F . Wiegand of the Park Bureau. He said: "Huh! That's easy! Just get some sulphate of ammonia and a sprinkling can. Dissolve a half pound ·of the stuff to a gallon of water and -sprinkle the ·yard. The weeds will die and the grass will be greener. " It sounded plausible and worth trying. The next dry Saturday I was at it:' filling the sprinkling can with the hose and wetting the weeds . My wife took occasion to remark to the neighbors that I wasn't really out of my mind , but had an idea that I could kill the weeds that way. The neighbors like her and generously refrained from making unkind remarks . · Well ; some of the weeds actually did die--at least they shrivell~d up and then came out nice and green again. Mr. Wiegand said: "Oh yes , they come back a tlme or two but finally they give up and you have a nice lawn. " So I sprinkled part of the yard again. And on another part I applied to each individual weed a small pinch of the sulphate of ammonia· crystals. The 'individual treatment appeared to produce better results, but some plants treated that way came to life ·again. I still had some "gets-um'' fluid ; tnough niy son had long since retrieved his "gun" . I applied the fluid with a small oil can; squatting until my legs ached, then working my slow way across the ya rd on my knees or on the seat of my trousers. . . Neighbors going past made facetious or encouraging remarks according to their temperaments. Long intervals of weed growing came between the short spas ms of weed killing , but some improvement ·could be noted , and encouraged by that , I r enewed my effo r ts and soon could pull my belt another hole shorter. A slight decrease in petrolatum consumption could also be noticed. Well-intentionedfriends remarked that my cheeks looked fuller , and once in.a while I was heard to whistle what was intended to be part' of a tune. There are still plenty of weeds on · the home grounds ; but when , as , and if they should ail dfo, iqs possible--althoughnot entirely probable--that for my health's sake I sha.11-,put up a sign reading: "Going out to weed extermina tion taken in here.·" But don 1t depend upori' thi's . · You 1ll get rid of the weeds sooner, and you'll feel better and live longer if you tackle them yourself. · ·
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
MESDAMES MEET MT. RAINIER (Field trip July 20-21 , 1968) by Laurette W. Kenney The morning was breaking as many had this summer. It was going to be a hot, dry day , another in the chain of similar day s that Oregon was experiencing this year. I thought as I stood on my porch, my luggage stacked waiting for the girls to come, "Would this heat pull in a cloud cap over the mountain I had so long wanted to see? 11 The car arrived. Chatter started as my luggage went into the trunk. But the chatter was sluggish--our morning coffee had not yet reached the capillaries , nor had our ambition, deadened by the heat of the day before, awakened. Conversation was spasmodic as we crossed onto the Washington side of the Columbia. We speculated on the trip , each secretly trying to drum up the enthusiasm our lips were uttering. It was agreed we should stop enroute lo see the new da m being built on.the Cowlitz River at Mossyrock. This dam is said to be the highest now under construction. I opened the car door to view this magnificent structure with a 170 feet wide spillway and the lake it was forming, Davisson. As I stepped from the can, sharp; i::rystal-clea.r air hit my nostrils. Everything came into sharp focus . The lines of the dam became more defined , the lake much bluer, the grass at my feet greener. I ran my hands over the large fossil stump on the grounds of the observatory , and felt the detail of the growth rings of a tree which grew millions of years ago . Upon re-entering the car, I pulled open the air vent because now we , the four occupants of the car, were hooked on this heady psychedelic potion. We were taking a trip. It was not long before our reservations were made and we were through tbe Nisqually portal 'o f Mt. Rainier National Park. The vegetation took on a denser and larger appearance. We were now seeing virgin timber. Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) , Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) , Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) Alaska Cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis) , Pacific (or western) Yew (Taxus brevifolia) , the Silver Fir (Abies aniabilis) , Western Hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) , and Western White pine (Pinus monticola) . Deciduous trees were also in profusion. Vine maple (Acer circinatum) , Red alder (Alnus rubra) , Redosier Dogwood (Cornus stolonifera) and the Black Cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa). . We were to meet Leo Simon, the leader of the trip, that Saturday morning at Longmire, named after James Longmire who crossed the Cascade Range through Naches Pass in 1883 , and attracted by the mineral springs settled there . He built a hotel to attract people to these mineral baths . As the cars arrived, we gathered to be briefed by Leo. He told us the first day was to be devoted to points of geological interest with the second day , Sll.nday, to be devoted to a nature walk in Paradise Park. The circle enlarged as interested outsiders sought our group. Leo in his recognizable garb of straw hat on the back of his head , blue. plaid Pendleton jacket, and cane, started his talk by holding up a map of Mt. Rainier on which he had blackened the areas of recession of the glacier ice since about 1961. This brought home with impact the realization of the increased warmth of the northwest area during the past several years. He told of the waterfalls and geological points of interest we were to visit. We were intently interested as Leo's story unfolded. Mt. Rainier covered approximately 378 square miles on the west slope of the Cascade Mountains. This glacier-clad extinct volcano was composed chiefly of flows of pyroxene andesite upon an earlier mountainous surface carved from altered volcanic and sedimentary rocks invaded by plutonic and hypabyssal igneous rocks of great complexity. He detailed the complex formation of the Eocene age, Ohanapecosh. It consists of volcanic debris which is more than 10, 000 feet thick . This formation was folded , regionally altered to minerals characteristic of the zeolite facies of metamorphism, uplifted and deeply eroded before the overlying Stevens Ridge Formation of Oligocene or early Miocene age was deposited upon it. The Stevens Ridge Rocks , which are about 3, 000 feet in thickness , are made up of massive ash flows . These flows have devitrified and altered , but originally consisted of rhyodacite pumice lapilli and glass shards which welded into massive units during cooling. There are water-laid elastic rocks on top of this formation . Leo urged us , after the caravan disbanded for the day , to observe the Kautz Mudflow upon our return trip. It graphically illustrated the forces of n~ture , by_a modern-day catastrophic flood which progress ii? a picture in miniature of the Missoula flood 15 , 000 years ago. This story took place on October 2, 1947 . Torrential rains of cloudburst proportions struck the southern slopes of the mountain. About 6 inches fell at J?.igher
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OCTOBE,ij. . 1'9'68 · GE•jLOGIC.AL~NEWS' LETTER . 183 ~~~~"'--~-,.-~.~~~-----~~~~v~o~ru~ in-e --1~~4 ~,--=-.. - N~o ~ . ~ i~ a,--~~~~~~~~~~M esdames Meet Mt. Rainier -cont'd.
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elevation. Kautz Creek was in Hood stage from earlier rains when this water hit it causing . it to gouge the glacier e·x posing the rock and debris underneath. This material was then scooped out and the holl.ow~filledwith water. Theremaining iceof the glacier began to collapse,. causing the water to surge dowmyard t
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FLOWERS of MT . RAINIER By Leo Simon This is list of some of the flowers s een on the July field trip to Mt. Rainier from Longmire to Paradise Inn and in Paradise .P ark. above the inn. Popular Name Color Scientifi c Na me Red Elderberry . S~mb\lcus 9allicarpa Lupin Blue, white ::· 'Lupirlus SP. ' Mountain Ash Cream Sorbus_ occidentalis :· Squaw.Grass (or Indian.Basket 'Xerophyllurri · ~ass) ·· Miners Lettuce · White & Pink . ' Mont'ia siberica White Lambs Tongue . White · Erythronium montanum . Yellow Lambs Tongue . Erythronium grandiflorum var . .: pallidum· Lavender Astor E rigeron salsuginosus Arni ca Yellow Arnica latifolia Red ~ · . Castillija miniata Indian Paint Brush Indian Paint Brush Magenta Castillija orepola E·riogo·n um bistortoitles Bistor (or White Buckwheat) ,. ErigE!ron alpigenus· · Dwarf Ast.er · Purple White.&. pink ·': · Sitka Valerian · .r ya.1er1ana sifohensis Cusic k's. Speedwell Blue Veronica cusickfi Cream Coiled Lousewart Pedicularis contorta Common Monkey Flower Yellow Mimulus guttatus Shooting Star Pink Dodecatheon jeffreyi Large Leaf Avens Yellow Geum macrophyllum
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.GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
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Flowers of Mt. Rainier - cont'd. .
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Popular Name
Color
Scientific Name
Red Mountain Heather Western Anemone Subalpine Spiraea Marsh Marigold
White Pink White
Phyllodoce empertriformis Anemone occidentalis Spiraea densiflora Caltha leptosepala·
LIBRARY NIGHT
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Library Night made its initial appearance of the fall season Tuesday night, September 17, in its new and perman·e nt quarters at OMSI. Here the Society is sole occupant of the room which is complete with book cases , tables and chairs and a. handsome fireplace. The key is available at all times to ·m embers and it may be secured from the OMSI desk. Of course, the regular Library Night of the third Tuesday of the month will find it most occupied. · ·
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Librarian, Wally McClung, had moved his charge and had it ready for the flrst meeting. Wally pr~sided . ·· · · Dr. Frances Gilchrist's new biology text-book, Embryology, just off the presses ·at · McGraw-Hill , was presented to the Society by the author 11with appreciation": This wa:s a warm gesture on the part of Dr. Gilchrist when , in truth, the Society has long been in debt to him for his many contributions to. its welfare. He will be on hand as usual with the program of next Library Night, October 15th. President Don Barr had a program of slides of the recent president's camp-out and · · ·· communicants had a second look at their damp but happy domicile during August's fluid presentation. But also sunny slides showed some fine days of rewarding field trips of the · · event. Dorothy Barr presided at the refreshment counter and her customers were observed sneaking back for 'seconds'. C. T. L. Murphy
MORE ITEMS OF INTEREST FROM. THE PRESIDENT -
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The nominating committ~e . has been appointed for the up coming election .. The selection of candidates for the 1969 year will be in able hands . Chairman: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mr. Fred Miller Members . . .... . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . .. ... .. Mrs . May Dunn Mr. Leo Simon Mr. Truman Murphy Mr. Jess R. Rentsch
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The preparations for the Annual Banquet are underway . The chairman is Mr . .al\d .Mrs . . Merle C. Helfrich . .Mrs. Helfrich would appreciate a lot of telephone calls iridicatil)g ... that you would be willing to help with the banquet. Her telephone number is 253,.-7446.. · · This is an opportunity for many of you to pitch in. ' ·~ .. ' ... ..
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Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
~l'l'? PROP!: lffY G ~ LIB~:A !<\· OIU300N DEPT. C ..?OL. «.MI NE P AL P«Du:.; l STAT& 9f'PJCJ! SLDO •• PORTLAND, OREO,
Non-Profit Org.
U. S. POSTAGE PAID 133 S. E. 27th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97214
Portland, Oregon Permit No. 999
state of Oregon Dept. of Geology & Mineral IDdust. lo69 state Off ice Bldg. City 97201 Address Correction Requested
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY l 968 ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PRESIDENT
Mr. Wallace R. Mcclung VICE PRESIDENT Dr. M. P . Chapman SECRETARY Mrs. Robert Waiste TREASURER Mr. George R. Dahlin DIRECTORS Mr. George W. Walters PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER EDITOR Mrs. Peigi Stahl BUSINESS MANAGER Mr. Robert Waiste ACTIVITIES CHAIRMEN FIELD TRIPS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox Mr. Ralph ij, Nafziger PROGRAMS Mrs. Irma Sullivan LIBRARIAN Mr. Wallace R . McClung LIBRARY NIGHT Dr. Francis G. Gilchrist LUNCHEONS Mr. Leo F. Simon MEMBERSHIP Mrs. Ruth P. Rawls PUBLICATIONS Mr. Fred E • Miller
1300 N.E. 49th Avenue
Portland,
P.O. Box 297
Sherwood, 97140
625-6628
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Route 1, Box 150
Vancouver, Wn. 98662
892-3427
Mr. Mark Perrault
97213
284-6700
Miss Clara Bartholomay
Mr. Ralph S. Mason
3235 N. E. 61st Avenue
Portland, 97213
281-2220
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
16650 SW Lake Forest Blvd. Lake Grove, 97034 9088. Ferry St. Apt7 Albany, 97321
636-6594 926-4556
524 Warner Parrott Road
Oregon.City, 97045
656-7165
1300 N. E. 49th Avenue
Portland, 97 213
284-6700
0644 S. W. Palatine Hill Rd.
Portland, 97219
636-5942
7006 S. E. 21st Avenue
Portland, 97202
236-0549
Route 3, Box 296
Sherwood, 97140
625-7192
3122 S.B. 73rd Avenue
Portland,
771-6154
PUBLICITY Mrs. Laurette Kenney 4125 S. E . Gladstone St. TELEPHONE Miss Hazel F. Zimmer 805 S. E. 60th Avenue Miss Ruby M. Zimmer 805 S. E. 60th Avenue ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace HISTORIAN Miss Rowena Hoven 1007 S. E. 21st Avenue HOSPITALITY Mrs. Merle C. Helfrich 251 N. E . 133rd Avenue OMSI FACILITIES Mr. Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Mr. Robert Waiste 133 S. E. 27th Avenue
97206
Portland, 97202
775-5697
Portland, 97215 Portland, 97215
236-8319 236-8319
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Portland, 97214
234-9005
Portland, 97230
253-7446
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Port land, 97214
235-4320
NOVEMBER 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , No . 111
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G. S. 0 . C. CALENDAR FOR NOVEMBER 1968
Lectures and library night meetings are now being held at the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry , 4015 S. W. Canyon Road. Hugh Owen has been appointed Transportation Coordinator. Members who need transportation to OMS! should phone Hugh at 227-5847 . He asks that anyone phoning please let the phone ring quite a number of times in order to give him a chance to reach it. Every Thursday
November 8 Friday
November 10 Sunday
LUNCHEON - Y. M. C. A. , 831 S. W. 6th Avenue , Portland, Oregon 12:00 M - Leo Simon and the Thursday noon luncheons await your attendance. If you picked up a fine geological specimen on your vacation this is the place to show it off, or to tell of a particularly interesting formation you may have visited. You are invited to participate in the program, or to come and listen to others participate. LECTURE - OMS!, , 4015 S. W. Canyon Road, Portland, Oregon 8:00 P . M. - (Note new time schedule) Dr . Ewart Baldw'in,, Professor of Geology at the University of Oregon will speak on the 11 Paleocene-Eocene Geology of the Southern Coast Range 11 • FIELD TRIP - Lloyd Center Tour. Trip leader - Ralph Mason. 10: 00 A. M. - Assemble near coffee shop at southwest corner of Lloyd Center Skating Rink. This will be a re-run of Ralph Mason's ever popular tour of the Lloyd Center. Rocks from all over the world were gathered here and used to enhance the beauty of the buildings , each individual thoughtfully designed to compliment the whole. New members will find this tour a delightful and informative interlude , as will indeed members of longer standing. There is an added bonus in the sparkling commentary of our leader. DO NOT bring lunches , rock hamme rs , etc. P ermission has not yet been obtained for taking samples. Direct any questions toward Lloyd Wilcox, 626-65 94.
November 19 Tuesday
LIBRARY NIGHT - OMS!, 4015 S. W. Canyon Road, Portland, Oregon. 7:30 P . M. - In the library - Read , browse, visit (quietly) , check books in or out. 8:30 P. M. - In the Auditorium - Group consideration of the Loess of the Northwest , led by Truman Murphy. This apparently wind blown silt covers the Portland Hills and much of southeastern Washington. What is it and where does it come from?
November 22 Friday
LECTURE - OMSI, 4015 SW Canyon Road, Portland, Oregon 8:00 P . M. (Note new time schedule) Dr. Edwin T . Hodge, Retired Professor of Geology has chosen as his topic 11The History of the Lower Columbia River 11 • This will be Dr. Hodge's rebuttal to the Waters-Bretz theory .
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY THEY SHARE THEffi LEGACY
The memorial days of remembering Berrie Pearl Hancock will stretch across the years, for all her days were linked with her husband's in service to others. Berrie and Lon belong together. Albert Schweitzer said, "No ray of sunlight is ever lost, but the green which it wakes into existence needs time to sprout, and it is not always given to the sower to live to see the harvest. All work that is worth anything is done in faith. 11 Berrie and Lon sowed together. Sometimes Berrie thought it was me~nt to be that they bore no children, for then they were joyous in helping to raise their own nieces and nephews. Berrie and Lon were Mother and Father. "Through Berrie I came to know what a great man Lon was. In my opinion, the wife a man chooses is a real measure of the man, and Berrie left no doubt that he was a fine person in every sense. " R. L. Worthington , M. D. (Camp doctor 1960-61) Berrie merited a woman's highest compliment as Lon's wife. There were more than usual science related o.r ganizations in which the Hanc9cks not only participated but gave years of service in many capacities . (See 1966-67 Who's Who of American Women) Berrie and Lon grew in knowledge , interests , and friendships together. They made the dream of an outdoor laboratory come true where boys could find: "It is better to be picking rocks to see what is inside them, than to be picking locks to see what is behind them . 11 Berrie and Lon worked together. "The espirit de corps which the two Hancocks symbolized through the years" made Camp Hancock a very special experience in the life of every camper. Berrie was mother confessor, encourager, and cook, while Lon was gentle friend, teacher and advisor. "Nothing beautiful is ever lost Nothing true is ever cast aside Frailest flowers bitten by the frost The humblest person - never really died. " by Ardis Jones Hitchcock and "Can such a living spirit be imprisoned by death? Or is he there among the soft clouds , upon the green slopes , By the quiet river forever to stay?" from "Ode to Lon" by Jack Hammond Berrie Hall and Lon's Lab are dedicated to these two living spirits. With the Reverend Byron Travis , we cannot separate and do believe Berrie Pearl and Alonzo Wesley Hancock went their way together, and they should be together now . . . BERRIE PEARL - Aug. 27 , 1894 - Oct. 6, 1968 ALONZO WESLEY HANCOCK - March 17 , 1884 - May 18, 1961 V. L. O.
NOVEMBER 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , No . 11
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ONE MAN 1S VISIT TO EUROPE OR I FLOATED - NOT LONELY AS A CLOUD UPON A SUMMER'S DAY, BUT THROUGH THE MOBS OF TOURISTS I SAVAGELY FOUGHT MY WAY . BY EDWIN T . HODGE On the afternoon of August 19, 1968 one section of the International Geological Congress filled a large auditorium in Prague , Czechoslovakia with a standing room crowd. The presiding chairman was the Chief Geologist of the U. S. S. R. He interested me as much as the distinguished scientist who had drawn this large audience for three reasons: first, he was so glorified in his position; second, he looked, I thought, like Nikita Krus chev; but mainly because he was the revived image of the Chief Geologist of the U. S. S. R . who attended the I. G. C. when it met in the United States long ago . That one attached himself to me like a cockle-burr on the three week field trip for the reason, as he said, "You are the only member of the party who enunciates English so that I can unders tand it. " (That was when I still had my own God-given teeth. ) The Hotel Europa was undoubtably the best hotel in Prague. It was located in the very center of the main street, but those of us who were assigned to it complained because it was so far away from the University where the meetings were held. Later it proved to be a most formidable prison when it became surrounded by two layers of la rge tanks which from time to time fired their guns . The hotel faces onto the street "Vaclavske Namesti" , which is not long , but is very wide, accommodating two sets of vehicular traffic, a tramway , and a central parkway, plus twenty foot wide sidewalks. I had a rear room on the fourth floor away from the street and hotel noises, provided with a very solic'itous room maid and a one-foot thick feather comforter. During U1e night I was awakened by the constant roar of airplanes, the roar of heavy ll;UnS, and the continuous shower of lighter guns. I wondered about it , concluded that the Czechoslovakians were having sqme sort 'of military exercises, and went back to sleep. In the morning I went down to the lobby and soon learned what had happened. I was finally able to crowd through the doorway to the street. There the tanks-were moving tail to snout up one side of the street and down the other. Surrounding them were crowds, mostly of younger people, wa"'.ing Czechoslovakian flags , singing songs , cursing, deriding. Also many people were weeping, especially when they came up to talk to us foreigners . The men in the tanks looked underfed, as from birth, in poor physical condition, and poorly clothed. They seemed dazed by their reception. Every now and then they sprayed the buildings on the other side of the street with machine gun fire from the bottom to the sixth floor, and on our side too, but never the hotels. They also fired the big guns lengthwise of the streets above the heads of the crowds. An ancient and magnifi cent museum building at the end of the street had its fine statues completely destroyed in this manner. Members of our party who had front rooms and who looked out of their windows found machine guns pointing at them . They hurriedly pushed their beds to the rear of the ir rooms and crawled under the beds. It was evident that the machine gunning was done to prevent sniping. As the day 'rore on, it became obvious that the Russians did not intend to kill anyone, _even though they were under constant insult , so we ventured out. I spent most of my time on the sidewalk in front of the Hotel.
It was imperative that we make some kind of a · move. Without supplies, the hotel was forced to close up section by section and food became limited. However, the Russians had closed au railroads and interior transportation lines . Three times that night showers of machine gun bullets hit the wall of my bedroom. Reasoning that with the guns on the nearest street one thousand feet away and bur stories below me the trajectory would be upward and the bullets would pass well over me , I crawled deeper into my bed.
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One Man's Visit to Europe - cont'd. We had learned that one railroad station three miles from our hotel , serving a rail line to Paris , had not been closed and that a train was leaving the next morning. Because of a recent knee injury I doubted that I could walk the three miles let alone carry my baggage. So early in the morning the young man with whom I was traveling went into the suburbs with a goodly supply of dollars and found a taxi ·man who would take the risk and knew the roads . Thus we got to the railroad station. We boarded with about a thousand others, mostly French and Italian, and the train crawled out at thirty miles an hour. When it reached Nuremberg , Germany we got off and became tourists again, with six extra days to spend. Now I suppose you are saying, "Well , what about some geology?" But not yet. Geography is next. I have always thought of Europe as being crowded with people and every acre occupied. Not sol The cities· are large, crowded, congested and sprawling, and in some areas smail towns are close together. But I was surprised that one could travel in a high-speed car for hours through forested lands , almost as in Oregon, or over uncultivated grasslands. There ar e large open spaces in Europe just like in much of the United States, even in Holland. On the wild moors of northern Scotland heather and broom that is five feet high and impenetrable extend as far as the eye can see over rolling hills. Now I know the meaning of "lost on the moors". Miles and miles of it with here and there a few islands . Scotland •s Glen More is one of the great grabens of the earth. It splits off the northern dreary Scotland from the southern industrial area. · From Dundee I took the night boat to Bergen, reaching the coast of Norway in the morning. I had expected to see a coastline like that of British Columbia, towering seaside mountains cut by great fiords . The fiords are there alright , but bordered by sloping mountains and the coast is one continuous series of drowned mountain tops now beveled into low islands. Bergen to Oslo was the first of many steep, thrilling mountain train trips . Then by air to Copenhagen and on to Amsterdam. Flying· over this area giv.e s an impressive view of.the way the wash from the highlands of Europe has been filling the lower Baltic and. the North Sea basins . From the air one sees extensive flat s~allows which you think may be dangerous to vessels of deep draught, other flats reclaimed or covered by marsh grass, and then the flat and cultivated land·:. Flat! And you say, "These people live all their lives and never .see a hill". They live on the youngest rocks on earth and fight to possess them. Their battle with the sea taught them Oceanography (long before it became stylish in the American Universities) and long ago this made them rich and gave them the East Indies and South Africa. Some of their land riches they have lost but they still have a large collection of guilders and the Dutch Shell 0il Company. Also under their own lands these sedimentary fillings of the North Sea and lower Baltic contain great supplies of energy in the form of industrial gas. In Holland an old engineering geologist just had to visit the great dike that shuts off the IJsselmeer from the North Sea, converting the former slowly into a fresh water lake. I also had to visit the wonderful locks of Amsterdam. Most of Europe was covered by low clouds and v'i sibility was poor. This did not interfere with the tour of the cit'ies but often it did spoU our &eenic views. I won't list the many cities visited in two months , but I did my duty as a tourist and feel I am now "cultured". I took a one•day boat trip down the Rhine from Mainz to Koblenz. Sitting at the pr.ow · ' of the boat, shielded from the wind and provided with food and drink I was favored by a lady from Austria who knew every foot of the river and who kept me informed· as to each castle anq every historic locality. Like the Columbia, this section of the Rhine is a superimposed meander into a series of basaltic rocks. That these two rivers have a similar history is now recognized in Europe, but it will take Northwest geologists two more gener ations to recognize so obvious. a fact. I w;:ts pleased to see Bip.gen am der Rhine up on a hill as is Bingen On the Columbia. The Lorelei was a disappointment. "Der gipfel die berge·l!tifunkelt I Im a.bent sonnen scheine" (The peak of the mountain sparkled I In the evening sunshine) had led me to expect a- high peak, but it is not a peal<:, just a flat spur and not high at all. Nor were the "rough waters" visible.
NOVEMBER 1968
GEOLOGICAL NF.WS LETTER Volume 34, No . 11
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One Man's Visit to Europe - cont'd. The basaltic slopes and cliffs of the Rhine are gentle compared to the .sheer walls of the Columbia Gorge. So much so that the sunny side is famous for its vineyards . The ancient castles keep one enraptured and the great barge trains astounded me. (Perhaps they are a predictiop of things to come on the Columbia. ) Above I mentioned some cities , but as an old college professor (1916 - 1952) I had to visit the ancient , venerable University of .Heidelberg. While there I fell from grace and drank beer in the cellar room of the equally famous Great Tun, the largest beer barrel in the world. When I was studying for my Ph. D. , professors with such degrees were few in number and .many of those Ph.D. 'shad been earned at the University of Friedberg in Germany , the oldest mining school in the world and the inventor of Ph. D. 's. And so I had to see this school that is mentioned in every book on the history of the science of geology and cited so often in textbooks of mineralogy. The ancient city of Friedberg is located on the east slopes of the Vosges Mountains and in the Black Forest, and in the early days many silver-lead-zinc mines were located in the area. The result was the development of the art of mining and of men interested in minerals , rocks and fossils . The Black Forest is small and compares not at all with any of our forests . It is just a few miles in cross section. So we hasten through an evening spent in a Beer Keller in Munich, then out of Germany into Austria and after a long and tortuous climb by car and a long elevator lift to the top of a mountain where we had a magnificent view from a building--The Berchtesgaden on Bischofshofen. It was here that Hitler spent so many days planning the perfect world. The panorama from here should inspire the artist , the poet and the priest and no doubt it had its influence on Hitler. It certainly .enthralled me and I have stood on the tops, of some high peaks in my time. From this loftiest castle in all Europe Hitler no doubt looked N. 45°\\t. over Munich .to Dachau (which I visited) and felt a deep satisfaction for the racial purification work in progress there.
I had only a short time for Vienna, the city of culture and beauty . I remember it best for one of the finest ·collections of minerals and meteorites that I have ever seen.
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The flight was by ·air to Prague because car-rentors would not allow their cars to go into Czecho.slovakia, and how right they were. After Prague and Nuremberg I went by air to Zurich in Switzerland, and traveled mainly by automobile thereafter. Outside of the cities every view in Switzerland is a pretty picture. Interestingly des igned buildings , even the storage sheds are all painted in pleasing colors. The fields and fences are well kept. The roads are excellent, the best in Europe, and all European roads are very good and kept in fine condition. In Switzerland we went through all of the famous tunnels except the Simplon and a hundred others . We took all-day tours on several of the lakes nestled in the high moun-: tains , and traveled over roads and grades in awe-inspiring surroundings that I never believed to be possible but which to the Swiss are a necessity. Also there were some trips on which we were defeated by road and had to go by a cog railroad . The cog railroads are extensive in Switzerland, and go almost everywhere that the roads go. Switzerland is a land of mountains and yet its many lakes are at low elevation. Lake Zurich, for example, is at about 1200 feet and rarely freezes over, except around the edges . Switzerland is somewhat like a round rug that has been shoved southward on a smoothfloor. First to the south are the Berness Alps , 10 , 000 t.o 14 , 000 feet high. Then a lowland in which is the Rhine Valley (NE) and then the Rhone Valley (SW). The next fold , SW , are the Pennine Alps and the much lower (NE) Lepontine Alps about 10 , 000 feet in elevation. Then the drop to the piedmont, or southern edge of the rug. The Pennine Alps rise straight in front of you like a skyscraper building. I had never seen anything like them though I have spent years in the mountains of the world. All around is summer shirt-sieeve weathP.r.; there right in front of you is snow and ice rising so that you have to bend backwards to see the top. They seem so close and indeed .they are . First by cog railroad and then by a series of connected tramways I went to Mt. Blanc, 15 , 787 feet , the highest mountain in Europe, which with Mt. Chamonix and Mt. Aiguile
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One Man 's Visit to Europe - cont'd. Argentiere make a vast, high-elevation ice and snow field , partly in France and part in Switzerland. After saturating my being with this sight, I went down by a tramway (about an hour's trip) into France. There I learned that the next bus back would not be until 7:00 PM so we had to shell out $50. 00 for a taxi which took us back through the tunnel, a very long one, I think the longest in the world. One more mountain in the bag. The next climb was at the eastern end of the Pennines. This was all by cog railroad, maybe the longest and the highest cog railroad in the world. · At the top one sees all of the Pennine; the famous Matterhorn--the perfect alpine peak, 14, 7 80 feet , and, just a little to the south, Monte Rosa, 15, 217 feet ~ Neither of them are very high, but both are spectacular. This done, I gave up mountaineering for this year. The lakes gouged out of the mountain valleys north of the Pennine Alps are .due to overdeepening of older valleys . Structural valleys gave origin to the Rhone, the Rhine ; and the Danube, each of which has been in an age-long struggle to capture territory from the other. Liechtenstein , the tiny principality which I visited twice as a conscientious tourist, is where the. Danube and the Rhine reach out for more territory. Next I moved to the lakes of the piedmont formed in large part by lateral and terminal moraines. In prehistoric times these southern l~kes were populated by people in communities living on platforms supported by piles driven down into the mud. Neuchatel had fifty such communities. Bone and wood were their main materials , though some bronze aridsotne iron had been found. The community near Murten was the site of a storybook that thrilled me as a child and I had to see that locality. I will resist the temptation to give a long explanation of why these people lived on the lakes , but will note that lakes Geneva , Maggiore, Garda, · and Como are surrounded by dense populations today . , · · I had always read and heard that the Italians of northern Italy were different from those I had known in southern Italy and intheUnited States , but in my brief visit I could see no difference. I finally reached Verona, Padova, Venice, and then the Venice on the swamp .. I tookno gondola ride, but toured by boat the surrounding islands. Saw a tall church steeple that was leaning as steeply as the tower of Pisa and no one was concerned. ' Pondered the history of Venicewiththat of Holland. Here in about500 A.D . a people forcedtoliveinthelagoonsand marshes built homes on piling and learned the ways of the sea. In time they became fishermen and ship builders and developed a big trade in salted fish . ' With -bigger ships they moved into the Mediterranean. The salt and salted fish trade expanded to · other merchandis e and by the . time of the Crusades the Venetians were the merchants of the Mediterranean, and the hankers. The city maintained its own navy and financed armies. In search of trade they sent agents 'to distant places. Marco Polo and his brothers. made several extensive business journeys. The city of Venice continued to prosper until it was conquered by Napoleon. · We hastened back to Zurich and then left Zurich by air at 8:30 AM and arrived in London . an hour and fifteen minutes later. Left London at 1:30 PM London time , arrived in Chicago at 6:30, left an hour later for Portland. In Portland a taxi delivered me to my home at 9:30 PM, my;{ime. I had covered a total distance of 131 degrees , roughly 7 / 9ths of halfway around the world in thirteen hours . Subtracting lay -over hours , the total flight time equals eight hours and forty-five minutes of racing with the sun. Of course· I won.
* * * * * * *' * * * * G. S. 0. C. SCHOOL , 1969 Dr f{Hl ph Chaney , Dr . Bates McKee, and Dr. Aron C. Waters wili each deliver a ,series of 3 11· . '1..:rcs concerning Northwest geology. The lectur es will be held .at OMSI ori t11ree consecuti v r~ evenings of each of the first three ,\Ye eks in January, GSOC me~bers may register with preference until Dec . 1st. Each series of tlir~e lectures will be $4 . 00, ·au. nine lectures (the full series ) will be $11 . 00. Tickets 'will be' transferable . · A compl ete brochure containing all dates, lectur e subjects , regtstration forms and other pertinent data will be mailed to all GSOC members as soon as possible. . Mar k p errau lt
NOVEMBER 1968
GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER Volume 34 , No . 11
191
LIBRARY NIGHT Library night held forth Tuesday, ' October 15th, in its handsome permanent quarters at OMSI. with Librarian Wally McClung officiating at the check-out stand and also as program moderator. Wally had .chosen as his subject .the Steens Mountain area, a field in which he is singularly equipped for it is in this region that he spends his vacations on the business end of a fishing rod , the .trigger of his camera and the adjustment dial of his binoculars. The Steens are a chailenge to all three.
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From .hi~ chart Wally showed the skeletal structure of the great fault block, -!he deep-lying Steens volcanics topped by 43 layers of the Steens basalt, the whole mass uplifted into the specta~ular range which is the show piece for Easte rn Oregon. Extending -north-and-south the great rift lifts a vertical mile above the Alvord desert , which with the normal altitude of the region, puts the crest" at 9600 feet above sea level. The slop~ to the west is a gentle 5 degrees and a servicable road from French Glen leads to the summit. · Conflicting dates of the deposition of the ~terial in this region vary fro~ early Miocene to early Pliocene. Faulting of the whole area has been continuous from Pliocene times through much of the Pleistocene. · Slides provided by the speaker and by Fred Miller and Ralph Mason gave excellent coverage to the beauty and geologic wonder of t~e Steens. From the vantage point of the peak the length of the range was observed. Glaciation of the Kiger, Blitzen and Indian Creek valleys provide textbook examples of circqs and U-shaped valleys. Photographic subjects included a borax operation of the late 1890's, the lonely but self-contained horse ra~ch at Alvord, the melancholy waste of the alkali desert, the cattle ranch of Peter French and the little hamlet that bears his name, the great Catlow Valley basin of a glacial lake and the sheer face of the fault block. It is -worthy of mention that this isolated region now has REA ele
******** The Nominating Committee, Fred Miller , Chairman, May Dunn, Truman Murphy, Jess Rentsch, Leo Simon, has selected the following nominees for officers for the year beginning March 1, 1969: . f Wallace R. McClung
President Vice-President
Louis E. Oberson
Secretary
Mrs . John H. Bonebrake
Treasurer
Mr. George R . Dahlin
Director (3 years)
Mrs. Irma Sullivan
Editor·
Mrs . Geraldine I. Fleagle
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE CR EGON COUNTRY · .
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OCTOBER FIELD TRIP . . The October field trip got started promptly at 10:00 a . m. at. the junction of the Santiam Highways . Dr. 'Edward M. Taylor introduced us to this area , describing at least three lava flows where the Clear Lake cut off and the South Santiani highways ni~et. These .came from volcanic cones 3, 800 years ago . The lavas l'ooked as if they were 'a flame with the mult'icolors of the vine-maple. It was nature at ifs best: · · . On the edge of Fish Lake we saw more lava flows which stop at the base of the Western , Cascades. The Eastern Cascades , co~prising all the high peaks, Mt. Hood, J efferson , Three Sisters , etc., are one million y,e ars old and the ' Western Casc~tles are older yet. •
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At Limber lost campground we stopped for lunch .. Several varieties of •mushr9oms were found there. Also spawning salmon were discovered ·in the creek, a tributary of the McKenzie River . Several fish hooks got wet but- with no success . . After lunch we had an au~ograpbparty ' · and Dr. Taylor autographed Bulletin 62 of tpe. Department qf Geology. This pubUcation has all of the technical information for this trip. Dr. Taylor's son Erik was tt1e official photqgrapher. · . ·· · · . · · . . ' . . . .. . . . . . . The McKenzie Highway comes up a glacial canyon and over a lava flow .from Collier Cone out onto a lava flow from Belnap. Crater. Here we stopped at Uie Dee Wright Observatory. This flow covers 85 sg. miles . The cones are mostly iq. a row o.r t.rend, which tell~ us there was some weakness in the t'err~in._ This was a basin .of lav;a fount~ins 4 , o~·o 'to ~ ; 500 years ago . :
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The Sisters are lacking in snow this summer. A dust storm•on Middle'Sister' could be .. seen. At Dee Wright there is a well marked trail to follow which identifies the 'kinds· of lava,. gutters, tubes, crevices , etc. Also a free folder "McKenzie Pass" may .be picked up ·a t the steps. :· Near Hoodoo bowl one can see Hayrick B~tte and Hog Rock ·wliich are ab9ut a mile apart. They contain the same platy-jointed basaltic andesite ·a nd both-rn.asi:ies have been completely ' over-ridden by glacial ice. Hayrick Butte protected Ho.odoo· Bufte ·from erosion by glacier. · On its top is pumice from Mt. Mazama under recent cinders . Hoodoo had. at least two eruptions . From here the 14 cars dispersed, some hearty humans stayed .in the area to camp. '
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NEWS OF MEMB.~RS ,, . By Lillian Miller . . . . . 1. , . , Congratulations to IRMA SULLIVAN who received her Masters Degree in Education' from Oregon State U~iversity last A,ugust. · · · · LAURETTE KENNEY has been _flying high . .ghe and her mother flew to Florida to visit . Laurette's sister in Stuart for a week. They charted the advance of the storm Gladys but, fortunately, missed the hurricane. The botannical life and marine zoology of that part of Florida were particularly interesting to our traveler. Welcome home, Laurette . • ...~
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NEW MEMBERS KINSMAN, Mr. and Mrs . Ray 2500 N. w,. 290th Avenue I;IUlsboro , 97123 648-3434 PETERSON, Mr. andMrs . PeterM. 8128 s. E . Cora Street ·Portland, 97206 775-7592 (Junior Member) ! . • .. . ADDRESS CHANGES ~
ERICKSON, Mrs. Rudolph SMITH, Miss Almeda MILLER, Mr. Hugh
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2535··S. GlenmorrieDr. 1sqo1,.$.,E . ~owell Blvd. Apt. 13 . 2575 ·:N·! W. 'Marshall St.
Lake Oswego, 97034 Portland, 97236 Portland, 97210
223-5001
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Official Publication of the Geological Society of the Oregon Country
Non-Profit Org.
U. S. POSTAGE
PAI 0 133 S. E. 27th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97214
Portland, Oregon Permit No.
De~t.
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Address Correction Requested
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97201
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY 1968 ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PRESIDENT Mr. Donald D. Barr VICE PRESIDENT Mr. Wallace R . McClung SECRETARY Mrs . Robert Waiste TREASURER Mr . George R. Dahlin DIRECTORS Mr . George W. Walters PAST PRESIDENTS Mr. Lloyd A. Wilcox GEOLOGICAL NEWS LETTER EDITOR Mrs. P eigi Stahl BUSINESS MANAGER Mr. Robert Waiste ACTIVITIES CHAIRMEN FIELD TRIPS Mr . Lloyd A. Wilcox Mr. Ralph H. Nafziger PROGRAMS Mrs. Irma Sullivan LIBRARIAN Mr . Wallace R . McClung LIBRARY NIGHT Dr . Francis G. Gilchrist LUNCHEONS Mr. Leo F . Simon MEMBERSHIP Mrs. Ruth P. Rawls PUBLICATIONS
Mr. Fred E. Miller
12438S. W. OrchardHillRd. Lake Oswego, 97034
246-2785
1300 N. E. 49th Avenue
Portland, 97213
284- 6700
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portland, 97214
235-4320
Route 1, Box 150
Vancouver, Wn. 98662
892-3427
Mr . Mark Perrault
Miss Clara Bartholomay
Mr. Ralph S. Ma son
3235 N. E . 61st Avenue
Portiand, 97213
281-2220
133 S. E. 27th Avenue
Portla nd, 97214
235- 4320
16650 SW Lake Forest Blvd. Lake Grove, 97034 Albany, 97321 908 S. F e rry St. Apt 7
636-6594 926-4556
524 Warner Parrott Road
OregonCity, 97045
656-7165
1300 N. E. 49th Avenue
Portland, 97 213
284-6700
0644 S. W. Palatine Hill Rd. Portland, 97219
636-5942
7006 S. E. 21st Avenue
Portland, 97202
236- 0549
Route3, Box 296
Sherwood, 97140
625-7192
3122 S.E. 73rd Avenue
Portland,
771-6154
PUBLICITY Mrs. Laurette Kenney 4125 S. E. Gladstone St. TELEPHONE Miss Hazel F. Zimmer 805 S. E . 60th Avenue Miss Ruby M. Zimmer 805 S. E . 60th Avenue ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF PAST PRESIDENTS 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace Mr. Ralph S. Mason HISTORIAN Miss Rowena Hoven 1007 S. E. 21st Avenue HOSPITAL:l.TY Mrs. Me rle C. Helfrich 251 N. E . 133rd Ave nue OMSI FACILITIES Mr . Ralph S. Mason 3932 S. W. Idaho T e rrace PROPERTIES ADMINISTRATION Mr . Robe rt Wa is te 133 S. E . 27th Avenue
97206
Portland, 97202
775-5697
Portland, 97215 Portland, 97215
236- 8319 236-8319
Portland, 97221
244-2106
Portland, 97214
234-9005
Portla nd, 97230
253-7446
Portla nd, 97221
244-2106
P ort land, 97214
235- 4320
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DECEMBER 1968
-- -- - - - - -· - - ------ - -GEULOGICAL' NEWS .LEJ''l'ER Volume 34 , No. 12
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G. S. 0 . C. CALEND.AR FOR DECEMBER lt)68 Members in need of transportation to OMSI should cdntact Hugh Owen , Transportation Coordinator, at 227-5847 . . ~ '·
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LUNCHEON - Y. M. C. A. , 831 SW 6th Avenue, •P ortlahd, Oregon ' '
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12:00M . - Luncheons go on as usual through the holiday snason. ·If you are shopping in town on Thursday , give yourself the treat of a Geesock luncheon . Select y()ur food at the main floor cafeteria , turn right after· you ·have passed the cashier's stand and go straight back to the Mountain :Room; ·The programs· are informal and interesting. For further information call Leo Simon, Luncheons Chairman at 236-0549. · ' •.
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LECTURE - OMS! , 4015 SW Canyon Road, Portland , Oregon 8: 00 P . M. - Mr. and Mrs .. John Mihelcic will present the program based on their recent trip. Their illustrated lecture, titled "Stones Around the Pacific, " will include volcanics, origin of gem and other stones , and some of the geology of the south sea islands and the Orient. .:.
LIBRARY NIGHT , the FIELD 'tRiP, an:d the. second LECTURE have been cancelled for December . '
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ADVANCE CALENDAR January 8 Wednesday
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a:·s.-o. C. school starts· on this date. · If you wa nt to. ~ttend ·but have neg- · lected to register, · this is your last·ch:ince. i:Registration is limited so se.n d in your registration form and check right away . ·. . . . ;
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February 28 ANNUAL BANQUET - Mayflower Auditorium. Opal ·and Merle Helfrich are ' Friday co-chairmen of the banquet this year . Banquet petail.s will be published in a later issue: · ·· · ··
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. WE .WISH ALL OF OUR .MEMBERS AND OUR FRIENDS A MERRY CHRISTMAS AND A HAPPY NEW YEAR
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NEWS OF MEMBERS By Lillian Miller Congratu.lations to TERRY BRUINIER who was elected president of the freshman class of the University of Oregon. He is studying economic geology and oceanography . MRS . W. CLAUDE ADAMS , a charter member, passed away in November. Before her death Mrs . Adams presented to :Pacific University a large fossil and rock collection assembled by her late husband and Dr. Thomas Condon. She also made a financial bequest to the Geology Department. RICK RAWLS, son of Rl,JTH RAWLS, celebrated election night in style--he slipped and broke his right leg. He hopes to be rid of that cast any day now. DR. THEODORE (TED) LATHROP co-discovered a small glacier on the northeast face of Mt. Thi els en last summer. It is the s outhernmost glacier in Oregon. Congratulations to a true adventurer!
* * * * * * * *. ADDRESS CHANGES DODSON, Miis . Guy R .
2M5 S. W. Terwilliger Blvd. Apt. 333
Portland,
97201
226-4911 Ext. 301
* * * * * * * * The report of the Nominating Committee was printed in the Newsletter for Octobe r and it will be repeated in the January issue. Other nominations may be made by members of the Society by filing with the Secretary, on or before the 25th day of January 1969, a list .of such nominations which shall be signed by at least ten members of the Soci ety . It is requested that if there are any such nominations they be submitted prior to January 25 , 1969, if possible, so that ballots can be mailed on January 26 and be returned before the annual meeting on February 14, 1969. Mr. Wallace R. Mcclung has been a ppointed vice-president to complete the term of Dr. M. P . Chapman, wQ.o has moverl to Kansas . A telephone has been installed in the GSOC library at OMSI and is listed under the Society's name in the new direotory - -228-1477; if no answer, 636-6594. GSOC members may use the GSOC lihrary at OMSI during times that OMSI is open by presenting, and leaving, their membership cards at the desk in exchange for the library key. They may claim their cards when the key is returned.
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ONE MAN '8 SHADOW (A case history in public relations) ' by John Eliot Allen P ortland State College Editor's Note: In April of this year this article was presented to the National Association cf Geology Teachers in Bozeman Montana, to a panel discussing the publi c image of geologists. Dr . Allen repeated it for the benefit of the Geological Society at our September 13th meeting, and he has been kind enough to make it available for publication in the News Letter. I have lived and worked in California, which produces one and a half billion dollars worth of mineral products a year; in Pennsylvania with nearly one billion; and in New Mexico with three quarters of a billion. Oregon mineral products last year totalled only 64 million dollars, mostly sand, gravel, and crushed rock. After fifteen years work, essentially as an economic geologist in these other states, I chose in 1956 , to move back to Oregon, -and my chief reason was the public interest in and acceptance· of geology in that state. The "geological climate" in Oregon was to me more salubrious, more temperate and auspicious; and for the last thirteen years , basking in this climate, I have never for a moment regretted my decision. Portland, for instance, has an amateur geological society of 250 , and an agate and mineral society of over 400 members, both highly active, with bi- weekly meetings and monthly field trips and newsletters. The staffs of all three universi~y geological departments are constantly beseiged by (and respond to) requests for public talks on geoiogical subj ects . There are now geologists on the staffs of most of the other six state colleges and the twelve community colleges in the state. Ea ch of us probably averages at least one talk every month 9r six weeks to service and luncheo~ clubs, high school or grade school classes, boy scout groups , retirement homes , or what have you. Last year I talked to audiences totalling over 800 persons, and I am only one of many in Oregoo who have done the same. Last year our seven man department t0ok our students and the public on 18 field trips which totalled 287 thousand person-miles traveled, and spent 71 faculty days in the field. In none of the other states where I have. lived, in spite of their great dependence upon mineral resources, is there equivalent interest in geology. Not even in New Mexico and Arizona , with their superb displays of outstanding geological phenomena, do es the local public exhibit much interest in the physical world around .them, except as it attracts tourist dollars.
Having gone to school at the University of Oregon, I originally accepted this favorable atmosphere as normal, and I suspect that unconsciously it was one of the reasons that I switched my major from journalism to geology after my sophomore year . Another reason, of course, was the enthusiasm generated by the superb teaching of a single professor, Warren DuPre Smith, in my nrequired science elective'. " · · When I left Oregon I was at first dismayed by the general apathy towards my own excitement with geology, and within, six months made up my mind that I would try to get back to the noi:thwest. It took me twelve years. I also began to wonder what had caused this difference in attitudes . It was surely not just Cregan 's marvelous outdoor laboratories of coastal cliffs , John Day fossil beds , complex structures , batholiths , high Cascade vol canoes, and Crater Lake, because many other states have almost as fascinating features . I finally realized that it was the ever-expanding influence of one great teacher who had preceeded Warren Smith. As I investigated this man , I discovered that he began his career as a missionary minister, who , when he took up scientific pursuits, brought to his teaching his missionary zeal. Thomas Condon is known throughout the northwest as the pioneer geologist of Oregon. One of the Cascade P eaks is named after him: A town in eastern Oregon (named after his
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ONE MAN'S SHADOW - cont'd. nephew actually} is generally believed to be named after him. Condon was appointed the first state geologist in 1872 , and later became the first professor of Natural Science at the University of Oregon when it was founded in 1876. He wrote in 1902 the first book on the geology of Oregon, now a collectors item - another wasn't written for 62 years! ! Most important of all , he established, in the faculty who followed him and in his students , the tradition and philosophy that geology was an integral and natural part of the public culture, to be appreciated artd understood .by all. Thomas Condon was born near Cork, Ireland, in 1822. His father was a stone cutter, who came to America when Thomas was 11 years old, ;:tnd settled in the wilderness of upper Manhattan Island, near the present site of the Museum of Natural History . rhomas received his education at a number of schools, and after several years of teaching, completed a co1;1rse at Auburn Theological Semina r y. Shortly after his marriage , he and his bride decided to go to the Oregon Country as missionaries . They left New York in 1852 , and after the long trip around Cape Horn , they settled in the tiny Indian village at St. Helens , on the Columbia River below Portland, where he taught and filled the pulpit of a small church for a year , before moving to Forest Grove where he taught in the Tualatin Academy. After three years he moved to Albany in the Willamette Valley where he served for five years as pastor of the Congregational Church . . In 1862 h,e moved to The Dalles , on the Columbia River just east of the Cascade Mountains , and it was during his eleven years there, as pastor of a united church, that he acquired his life-long interest in geological subjects. The Dalles at that time was the inland port for the gold fields of eastern Oregon, and the headquart ers for the army troops still involved in protecting the wagon trains and subduing the Indian tribes . The story is that Condon first became interested in fossils collected from the Pliocene gravels in a quarry near town; and later in 1864 , soldiers retu:r:ning from the John Day country brought fossils to him for identifi cation. In 1866 or '67 he wangled a trip with a scouting party, to collect fossils for himself. Recognizing his ow.n lack of training, he sent his specimens for iden~ification to_Newberry, Me~k and the Smiths~nian. In return, he aslre4:1 for publications which would give him the knowledge he needed to better identify them himself. · · ' · · · It was during this period that he entered into correspondence with 0. C. Marsh and E . D. Cope, who were anxious to add to their collections. He sent them hundreds of specimens for identification, most of which he never got back, but they P,id add materially to his growing library in r eturn. He met Clar.e nce King , who came through during h~s 49th parallel survey. He discovered and sent to Newbe rry a coll ~ction of the J ohn Day flora 'from Bridge Creek. He also corresponded with and met such early geologists as Joseph Leconte , Charles Schuchert, and later, J . C. Merriam, Waldemar Lindgren, J . S. Dille r , and F . M. Anderson, who encouraged him in his collecting and study . It was also during this period that he began to give popular iectures on his geological studies to local and state fai:i;-s , church benefits, YMCA meetings -:-- a service which became a life-long practice. He also began to w~ite popular articles for local newspapers and for national magazines . The Overland Monthly published in 1871 his study of the "Willamette Sound. " He was the first to recognize this Pleistocene flood with its ice-rafted e rratics which inundated the Willamette Valley to an elevation of 330 feet. .
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In 1872 he was appointed State Geologist at $2000 per year , bu·t the legislature a few qays later reduced this to $1000, and although he wrote a lengthy report on the geology of Oregon, there were insufficient funds to publish it, a,nd the job lapsed. The following year he accepted a teaching position at Forest Grove in the n ewly formed Pacific 'universi~y • .but .stayed only three years until the formation of the University of Oregon in 1876, when he was appointed to the chair of Natural Science (at $1500) and taught the first geology course in Oregon, under the title of "Physical F eatures of the Earth. " One of Condon's early publications was entitled "Reconciliation of the Theory of Evolution with Gospel.,, Although to him the spiritual was just as r eal and of far more vital importance than the mater ial s ide .of life , he had no difficulty in reconciling the theory of evolution with his religious training. It merely presented to the human mind a far wider
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ONE MAN'S SHADOW - cont'd. conception of God than the world had known before. It involved a "plan of unthinkable grandeur, beginning with the smallest , simplest things , gradually unfolding into more complex life, often interrupted by some great upturning of nature; but never losing the continuity of purpose, the steady progress toward the culminating glory of all-- the spiritual life of man. 11 · Thomas Condon stayed at· the University for 30 y ears , until his death at the age of 84 in 1906. During this time , he undoubtedly averaged at least one talk a week to the public. There are many records· of his trips to all parts of the state to give these public addresses , and in those days such weekend trips were not to be taken lightly , since before the days of the automobile they involved train and stagecoach, and there were no paved roa ds until many years later. Some of his adventures with runaway horses and failure of brakes on steep'hills are hair raising. The files of the 11 0regonian11 newspaper contain numerous popular articles on such subjects as the Tenino or Mirna Mounds . In 1902 he published "'fhe Two Islands'' , the first book on Oregon geology , which was generally acclaimed, evep by the professional geologists . When a full department of geology was established at the University after his death, this tradition was continued by a worthy inheritor, Dr. Warren DuPre Smith. In the early third of this century, his tiny three-man department inspired and graduated such men as Ian Campbell, president of the Geological Society of .America for 1968; Don Frasier , chief geologist for Bethlehem Steel for many years; (Brigadier General) Donald Zimmerman, first dean of the Air Force Academy ; Claire Holdrege , one-time regional geologist for the U. S. Army Engineers; Tom Thayer, senior geologist for the U. S. Geological Survey; Hugh &:hen ck, who was head of Nitural Resources for Japan under MacArthur , and later advisor in Taiwan. Oregon graduates during this period included numerous department heads and eminent professors such as Henry Howe of Loq.siana State; Don Wilkinson of Oregon State; Siemon Muller of Stanford; Harry Wheeler of Washington. Dr. Smith, besides inspiring his students , talked regularly to Chambers of Commerce, Rotary Clubs, women ' s organizations , served on numerous state committees involved in regional planning and conservation, and wrote nume rous articles in popular magazines and newspapers. One of his students ,· Phil Brogan, unlike myself, did not leave journalism, but became reporter and later editor of ,the Bend Bulle tin, a paper in central Oregon. Phil has contributed a regular weekly ·article to the Sunday Oregonian on a geological subject for the last forty years . He has also written a popuiar account of the geological features of central Oregon, and in 1965 was made Honorary member of the Oregon Academy of Science. The Geological Society of the ')regon Country was founded in 1933 by a member of Dr. Smith's original staff, Dr. E . T . Hodge , wl?.o in the days before freeways , drove .90 miles from Corvallis each week for a year , to teach a .night class in geology to Portland enthusiasts . Dr. Hodge is still active in the Society . When twas field geologist for the State Department of Geology, working out of Ba,ker in eastern Oregon, I several times taught extensio11 classes on a weekly circuit which covered several town 200 miles apart. Other members of the Oregon S.t ate Department have continued the teaching of night and extension classes throughout the state for the past thirty years. Th~ efforts of the Geological Society and the State Department has resulted in a number of road signs instructing the general public in items of geologic interest. In 1941 , Dr. J . C. Merriam retired from the Carnegie Institute of Washington and chose to come to Oregon as "Consultant and Lecturer on the Human Values of Science and Nature. " He recommended the establishment by the State Board of Higher Education of a Condon Lecture Series , to be given each year at the Oregon Universities by an outstanding scientist. For twenty-three years , two lectures have been given in Thomas Condon 's name by top men in science , including such illustrious names as Robert Oppenheimer, Sir Wilfred LeGros Clark, Otto Struve, Jacob J?ronowski , and Sir Bernard Lovell . In the earth sciences , former Condon lecturers include Howell Williams , Ralph Chaney , Perry Byerly , George Gaylord Simpson, Paul B. Sears , Robert Sharp, and Aaron Waters. These
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ONE MAN'S SHADOW - cont'd. talks stress the interpretation of science to the layman, a nd have been published in a series. So much for our "case history" . What does this mean to NAGT ; a n organization of geology teachers dedicated among other thi ngs , to the "dissemination of knowledge in this field to the general public" (Article II of our constitution)? I think that it means that if we are to live in a favorable geologic climate, if we are to attain a general public acceptance of our field , if our membership is to grow and increase, and if we are to attract growing numbers of young people to our own fascinating field, we must become missionaries ourselves . We must become dedicated to Condon 's principles of public dispersal of geological knowledge. What we need is committment, not committees. I have discussed elsewhere what would be the remarkable effect on the finances and influence of our organization if every member would agree to bring in one new member. Imagine now the effect on our "climate" if every member would pledge himself to give at least one public talk a month. . . or even half that many? If each member (2000) gave twelve talks a year to an average of fifty persons , we might convert 120 , 000 people a year! In ten years we · would reach over a million people! I would like to propose here ; that NAGT make some sort of similar pledge a requirement for membership. I don't think that we would lose many new members , since geology teachers are already a dedicated lot , and most of them can tall{ on geology at the drop of a hat. I think that the .results of such a change in membership requirements might well be astounding over the years . BIBLIOGRAPHY Condon, Thomas , (1902) The Two Islands , J . K. Gill Company, Portland. Mccornack, Ellen Condon, (1928) Thomas Condon, pioneer geologist of Oregon, University Press , Eugene.
******** LIBRARY GROUP STUDIES LOESS Those attending the Library Night meeting of the geological Society o~ November 19th undertook ~he study of the type . of soil known as "loess. " This is a wind-blown deposit.of silt whose grains are intermediate in size between sand and clay. Dr. Gilchrist, moderator of this feature of the Society program, opened the discussion and then presented Truman Murphy .• who had undertaken the study at his direction. It was then brought out that loess is found only in certain areas , namely those associated >.Vith the glaciers of the Ice Age and with the winds of the desert, particularly in northwestern China. In this Chinese location Dr. Richtofen, in 1877 , discovered great bluffs 500 feet high and .dotted with innumerable cave dwellings. While loess had long been recognized in Europe as of lacustrine origin it was Richtofen who advanced the theory of aeolian deposition (W&F) . No loess has been found older in the geologic column than Pleistocene age (Twenhofel). This is not to say that loess was never deposited prior to this , but to say that the very nature of the soil is such that older accumulations wouldhave been worked into existing or subsequent depositions.
But across Europe and North America the fine grained mass W&S discovered chiefly in the outwas h plains of the Pleistocene ice sheet or in bodies associated with this feature . In America this would include the Mississippi basin, the Paloose country of SE Washington and the silts of the Portland Hills where it is known as the Portland Hills Silts (Lowery and Baldwin) . Concentrated thickest along the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers , sometimes in bluffs 100-150 feet thick as at Council Bluffs , Iowa, the mass thins regularly with distance from the rivers , to 30 feet thick at Davenport, Iowa and to only 2 feet at Chicago. The plains of the middle west received the greatest coverage with 50, 000 cubic miles reported in Kansas alone (Ericson) . If this mantle had been a hostile drift imagine." the desolation of this vast area which is today the valuabl'e and fertile soil of the rich corn belt.
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Library Night Group Studies Loess - cont'd. Where did this distinctive soil originate? The advancing mass of the continental ice sheet, creeping relentlessly south from Hudson Bay , scoured the earth sometimes to its bedrock. Sometimes it over-rcxie its load. The native rocks were ground into fragments , sometimes into the finest rock flour . With th.e melting of the ice over long ages of summers and winters the water flushed this fluid substance into its outwash plain and into rivers that were swollen out of all resemblance to present day water courses . These became braided streams with innumerable islands , bars and channels . With the winter'S freezing the flow was interrupted, the bars dried into masses of sand and silt. Then came the wind. From observance of wind currents over the Greenland and Antarctic ice caps , it has been determined that the air moved down from its high pressure above the ice and swirled over the country below. This picked up the loose soil from the river bars and carried it aloft , perhaps for hundreds of miles. Dust in the air is never in sufficient volume as to be deposited in beds of thickness. Ordinarily a year's deposit is too thin to form a lamination and with frost , rain and organisms working, each year's deposit is worked into the accumulation of its predecessors . Therefore the mass stands as a homogenous entity. The individual rock grains were never long water borne where abrasion would round the edges and so were taken aloft in angular status where the grains would naturally pile up in a stack of some stability , like a stack of jackstones . Therefore the loess bluff stands today in a vertical pile , resistant to erosion. Such exposures are readily observable throughout the loessal districts , the road cuts across Iowa, the stream banks of Illinois , the basement pits anywhere. Two periods of deposition of the loess have been noted. The oldest during the closing days of the Illinois ice sheet and the following Sangamon Interglacial period. This has been identified as the Loveland loess from the type locality in southern Iowa. But the greater accumulation is identified with the early stages of the Wisconsin drift well exposed near Peoria, Illinois to a depth of 8 to 12 feet. But the Peoria loess is deepest over Iowa and Nebraska with bluffs 100-150 or more along the Missouri River from Sioux City south to the Missoui-Kansas border. Carbon 14 has dated this deposit to an age of 25, 000 years ago but foess was still being deposited as late as 14 , 000 years ago (White) . The cold weather inhibited the growth of vegetation but some life existed as evidenced in the great numbers of little land snails , 56 varieties (Flint) , and the bones of bison, musk oxen and mammoths . Discovered in the loess is the remains of a forest of deciduous and coniferous trees , a belt now limited to 4 degrees northward. The quality of the loess is structureless . Particles of mica are uniformly distributed without orientation as would be done if water-deposited. The mass cleaves vertically almost certainly due to its being permeated by carbonate of lime. This is best observed in the midwest loess where enough calcite is present in the dust to show marked effervescence in acid. Too, small concretions of caliche are found in the mass . Peoria loess shows as much as 30% of calcite inclusion depending on the material of the source. The same test applied to the Portland Hills silt showed a negative reaction which would indicate to this writer that the material had accumulated without exposure to any lime-rich rock. Other mineTals observed are quartz in abundance , with lesser amounts of magnesia, potash, soda, mica , phosphoric acid, feldspars, hornblende and tourmaline. Thepowdery clay is kaolinite or illite. Dr. Gilchrist's microscope showed the mineral make-up and the angular shape of the grains in both the Portland Silts specimen and that mailed to us from Council Bluffs. Slides and pictures att~sted the fertility of the soil as expressed in abundant crops of corn and wheat and in the affluence noted in farm buildings . National Geographic Magazine for June 1967 , pages 749-50 shows a rich Illinois farm located on a five-foot topping of loess. The P aloose loess caps an area of dome-shaped hills of SE Washington and reaching into Idaho. This is a region of wheat ranches of great production. Charles D. Campbell, dep3rrtment of geology, Washington State Univei;-sity (see Bibliography) identifies two strata of deposition of dust on hills that already existed. The upper, and of course younger, stratum contains m inerals similar to the volcanics of -the Cascades and notes that the loess hills are
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Library Group Studies Loess - cont'd. steepest (30-35 degrees) on their NE slopes . This would indicate that winds came from the west. But that the lower stratum which is deeper has none of these identifications and he presumes the wind came from a different direction. Campbell mentions the ice cap which came south as far as Spokane. Winds from this ice would blow southward. The meltwater would deposit an abundance of rock flour downstream to bars and islands and to land-bound lakes. When these were dried up the wind could make its choice. Since the scab lands of the Columbia drainage are relatively free from loess it is argued that some of it could have been blown away and some eroded by flood waters. Ekman (see bib. ) adds a rich loam to the above-mentioned strata. He believes the region gets more rainfall than surrounding country, a fact that would help explain the holding of the loess to the hills while new films added to the old. That even today dust storms from the neighborhood deposit 4 inches of dust every hundred years on the Paloose Hills. Farm improvements , buildings , riding horses , private airplanes , bespeak the affluence of this rich deposit . The silt that caps the Portland Hills and much of the adjacent country has long been recognized and has been the subject of descriptive papers by Diller , Darton, Libbey, Lowery and Baldwin , Lowery and Mason , Wilkerson , Williams, Treasher, Trimble and Howell. They have been identified as water-laid, wind-blown , residual from the earlier rocks and a CO!llbination of all three . To go into all the ramifications of this study would be beyond the limits of this report. In brief may it be said that Baldwin (Geo. of Oregon) proposed the name Portland Hills Silts , believed it was water-laid and of an age of mid-Pliocene or later and a stage of the Troutdale alluvium. That it could not have been aeolian , and had its source far up the Columbia Riv er. Howell (See bib. ) approves the wate r - lain theory but assigns the deposit to a much later date, possibly with the first glacial episodes of the Pleiocene. He also detects a distinctive bedding in a younger member which he locates at about 600 feet . elevation. He presupposed deep ponding of the Willamette basin. Trimble (see bib. ) maintains the deposits ".are completely aeolian , 55 feet thick at the deepest, found at an altitude as high as 1600 feet and as low as 300 on the noses of some spurs. Because it overlies the Columbia River basalt, mantles the Troutdale, the Boring lavas , the Springdale and Walters Hill formations , but underlies the Gresham formation, Trimble assigns a definite date as early-to-middle Pleistocene. He maintains the deposit is aeolian because (1) of the conformity of the silt mantle to pre-existing topography , (2) to lack of stratification in the deposit, (3) the distribution of the loess only south and west of Columbia River flood ptain..,., (4) the thinning of the silt away from the Columbia flood plain, and (5) the general lack of wide-spread water-deposited sediments at equivalent ·altitudes. He suggests the Columbia valley as the source of the material. The loess of the Portland Hills is 18-25% sand, 44-68% silt, and 13-31% clay size. The loess in this area develops only prismatic structure. The lack of lime in the silt may explain the want of columnar jointing in the mass. The clay has been utilized locally in the manufacture of brick. The properties of the Sylvan Brick Company were located in the present grounds of the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry . Geologists continue the study of the Portland Hills silts and new discoveries may be expected. C. T . L. M. Bibliography:
Petrology of Sedimentary R.ocks . Hat ch, Rastall, Black 1957 Thomas Murby Co. Larousse Encyclopedia of the Earth . Leon Bertin 1961 Prom etheus Press, N. Y. Earth Sciences . J . Harlan Bretz 1940 John Wiley & Sons Basic Geology for Science and Engineering. Dapples 1959 J ohn Wiley & Sons Geology of Oregon, Ewart M. Baldwin 1959 Available at Book stores thruout Oregon The Quarternary Ice Age W. B. Wright 1914 MacMillan The Quarternary of the United State s Wright and Frey 1967 Prinpr~'mi University Cont'd.
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Bibliography - cont'd. Scenic Geology of the Pacific Northwest , Leonard C. Ekman 1965 ' Bindsford and Mort Depositional Environment of the Portland Hills Silts Paul W. Howell Geological News Letter Vol 28 April 1962 New Data on the Portland Hills Silts Paul Howell 1960 . Geological News Letter Vol 26 June 1960 Geology of fortland Oregon and Adjacent Areas , Donald E . Trimble 1963 Geological Survey Bulletin 1119 Washington Geology and Resources Information Circular No 22R 1962 Charles D. Campbell. Dept of Conservation, Olympia, Wash.
'* * ********************* ** · • UNCLE GEORGE VISITS LLOYD CENTER
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If the window decorators should ever dis cover the truth about "Mr. Mason 's conducted Tour of Lloyd Center" you can expect to hear that pickets are out front at 3932 S. W. Idaho Terrace proclaiming that Mr. Mason is not the best thing that ever happened to Window Decorators Local #0060. And they might have a good point there. If there is such a thing as an Anit-Windowshoppers League this tour could readily serve their purpose , and they could sponsor it under some such title as "How to Tour Lloyd Center and never s ee a Window Display." Sixty Geesocers on the November 10 pilgrimage would readily concur in this statement. The secret of all this is to never let the pilgrims lose interest. Mr. M. accomplishes this by setting a brisk pace, possessing a great fund of knowledge , and discoursing freely about the seemingly endless variety of bricks, stones and tiles that make up the decorative features of the building exteriors . So nobody stops to see what is fashionable in red flannel unmentionables , and thus lose out on any part of Mr. M's monologue. There wer e even tips for do-it-yourselfers , especially those who dabble in the earth 's building minerals. If you happen to be an amateur brickmaker you would have learned - almost before we had shaken put the kinks in our legs just how to cook bricks. If you want red ones roast the m before an open fire, if you prefer gray ones, cook them ih the doubleboiler. Turn three corners and you find out that it isn't necessary to splash down the Colorado River Canyon just to see Arizona sandstone, for here it is all built up into a wall just like it was so many odd lengths of bricks. So right here you have escaped a risky boatride and saved a bundle of dough to boot. And that isn't all. Mr. M. takes this occasion to tell us that this stuff now comes a ll shaped and packaged, so all that is necessary is to make sure that the package is right side up when you open it, start in the proper corner and the stuff practically builds itself. So present day stonemasons are really just professional do-it-yourselfers, and the old order of S. M. 's is about to join the dodo birds. And if you will now kindly turn around you will be looking at some stuff that journeyed from close by Rome just to become a part of this storefront. This is Italian travertine, and a very special kind on account of it is full of holes. Without the holes it could just as well have stayed in Italy. A little more walking and you learn the trick of putting up walls of waterworn quartzite cobbles . Just turn around and Mr. M. explains what it is about brick walls that has fascinated mankind since the first kids made mudpies. Now we hike back to our original starting point, turn right and here you have a wall of black slabs that flashes .and glitters with every change in the lighting. At $10. 00 a square foot you see how expensive is this wall that nobody hardly looks at . It's Larvikite from Norway. Just notice whose store front this is and you will have an idea of just who is helping to pay for it, so remember to admire it every time you are in the neighborhood. You are entitled to your money's worth. Upstairs from the skating rink and across the corridor is a short column that looks badly damaged by rock termites. Mr. M. calls this Hawaiian T ravertine , which he says is very accurate except that it isn't travertine and didn't come from Hawaii. Warm Springs Rhyolite would be more appropriate , since that is what it is and where it came from. So that's the way it goes. You hike right along and learn as you go. If you are a lover of Italian cookery don't ever order Italian Terazzo, on account of it is made of marble chips and cement and is considered much better for-walking on than eating.
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE OREGON COUNTRY
Uncle George Visits Lloyd Center - cont'd. Overfired brick is to the building fraternity what in Kitcheneze is known as burnt toast . Brickmakers used to dump it where nobody could find it, not even themselves , and then some architect dreamed up that word "overfired" and since then a lot of old time brickmakers hav e considered hara-kiri because this stuff is now very posh, very expensive and you can't hardly find it no more. And did you know that about the only way you can be sure you have some genuine used brick is to knock down somebody's chimney and cart it home? "Genuine'' used brick is now mostly counterfeit and costs extra. Bet you never expected to hear of counterfeiters in the brick business. If you have ever built something of brick andit looks like it was notquitesurewhere it was suppos ed to be going , you are some kind of a genius , because there are a couple of storefronts built up thataway on purpose. The liquor commission believes in truth in advertising. Imbibe too freely of their merchandise and you will likely be just as stoned and just as green as their storefront. Crosswalks are built of quarry tile because asphalt is no match for spiked heels . So , those barefootgals are maybe not just faddists after all-just public spirited citizens. Anybody saving up glass marbles tO build their own marble palace? If so, you should have been along , beeause there is a neat trick you will have to learn, andhere was a chance to learn how it is done and to see what a wall would look like. There are walls of slate, and walls of andesite and of marble and tile , and big round cobbles . Everybody doesn't lil~e travertine with holes in it, so there are walls without the holes , and there is one nice little bit of gneiss . So finally we reach the finish line , and some thoughtful gentleman comes up to thank Mr. M. and to congratulate him on his skill in holding the interest of sixty weary walkers for so long a time. So maybe Mr. M. should be awarded some special title for his services. How about Ralph S. Mason, P . P . L . C. - The Pi ed Piper of Lloyd Center, that is . · Uncle George
* ***************** OCTOBER FIELD TRI~ A caravan of eleven vehicles left Madras Saturday morning, October 19th, to spenp the weekend on the Hay Creek Ranch due east of Madras. After about 18 miles of driving the group entered the ranch property and proceeded about three miles to a relatively level spot which had been the site of an old homestead. Prior to our entering the property Mark Perrault had obtained owner permission and had a key to a llow passing through locked gates. At the site of the encampment lay an exposed bed of uplifted blue marine shale, the age of which had only been approximately determined. The only portion of Oregon which had been inundated by the sea since the early tertiary times lay in the western part of the state so the shale must have been deposited earlier, placing it in . the Mesozoic era. No guide fossilshavebeenfoundintheformationto agedate itina more detailed manner, so the primary purpose of the trip was to see if any fossils could be uncovered. A good many "he" and "she" hours were invested in the search on Saturday afternoon including those of Mr. and Mrs . Phil Brogan. We got an E for effort but a zero for r esults. Dusk appeared, dinner was prepared and the group gathered around the campfire, spinning yarns and tuning in on a howling conversation between two bands of coyotes that were passing the time of night. The next morning was devoted to climbing the higher ridges to g~in a panoramic view of the area. Lloyd Wilcox had thoughtfully prepared copies of dimensional maps from Hodge naming landform features of the area. These provided an invaluable amount of help in identification. The dominant formation in the area is the Clarno. At one place, overlying the Clarno the basal red member of the John Day formation appeared. At our campsite , where the shale lay, a basaltic dike was also exposed which could have been a feeder dike for the CJarno for mation. Of course, the material that was ejected from the dike has since been eroded away. Across a small gully from the site lay a hill with the lower portion of the same blue shale grading into sandstone with graywacke comprising the upper portion. . It is interesting to note that in the area west of Mitchell a similar sequence appears . Spheroidal concretions containing ammonites have been found, howey er, and the Cretaceous period has been assigned to this area. Perhaps there is a relationship between the two and the discovery of fossils could establish proof! ·
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