A Computer Controlled Filament Winding Technique for Manufacturing Cement Based Composite Laminates B. Mobasher, A. P. Pivacek, G. J. Haupt Dept. of Civil and Env. Engineering Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona Sponsor: National Science Foundation, Grant #MSM9211063 ASCE, Materials Engineering Conference, Nov. 1996, Washington, D.C.
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Cement Based Angle-Ply Laminate Composites B. Mobasher, A. P. Pivacek, G. J. Haupt Dept. of Civil and Env. Engineering Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona MRS, Materials Research Society, Dec. 1996 Boston, MA. Sponsor: National Science Foundation, Grant #MSM9211063
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Scope of Presentation
Reinforcing Mechanisms New Processing Developments – Filament Winding Experimental Program Composite Laminates Results and Discussions Conclusions
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Reinforcement Due to Short Fibers
Toughening Fiber debonding and frictional pullout Bridging, closing pressure Crack face stiffness Stress intensity reduction Fiber
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Toughening Due to Long Fibers
True composite effect of fibers Fibers carry majority of the force BMC- Distributed cracking Limited debonding due to low shear stresses. debonding leads to crack deflection. Design of the material based on the applied loading.
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Fiber
New Manufacturing Techniques for FRC Materials
Pultrusion – continuous fiber composites, cross sections, 1-D
Filament Winding – Various shapes and orientations
Computer controlled system
– Versatile Manufacturing System Cross ply and angle ply laminates Pipes
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Filament Winding Setup
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Mold for a Cross ply laminate
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Mandrel for pipes
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Computer controlled Pultrusion/filament winding set up
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Software
Object oriented software Easily changed for various configurations. Control 4 motors in a closed loop mode by specifying displacement, velocity, acceleration, and force per channel
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Fiber Properties
Fiber
Lf mm
Glass (AR) PP
cont. 12.0
df micron 12 35x250
Ultimate Strength (MPa) 500 340-500
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Elastic Modulus (GPa) 70
Density (g/cm 3 )
8.5-12.5
0.91
2.0
Matrix Formulation
Type I Portland Cement Silica fume 10% by weight of cement w/c = 0.35 Mixing in a high energy of the paste in an omni mixer. 28 days curing at 70F 90% RH Superplasticizer (as specified).
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Unidirectional Lamina 0 degree - 3 plies 50 40 Stress, MPa
30
Continuous aligned fibers, V= 4.8% f
20 10
GFRC, V = 5% f
0 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 Strain, mm/mm You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
Flexural Response 40
Equivalent Flexural 30 Stress, MPa
Unidirectional
20
0-90-0
10 Paste
4.8% Continuous AR Glass Fibers
0 0
4
8 12 Deflection, mm
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16
20
Cross ply Laminates 0-90-0 30 0-90-0 20 Stress, MPa
10
0 0.000
0.004 0.008 0.012 Strain, mm/mm
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0.016
Cross ply Laminates 90-0-90 40 90-0-90 30
Pressed
Stress, MPa 20 Not Pressed 10
0 0.000
0.004
0.008
0.012
Strain, mm/mm You created this PDF from an application that is not licensed to print to novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
0.016
0.020
Unidirectional PP based laminates 20
PP #5
Stress (MPa)
16 12 8 4 0 0.00
0.02
0.04 0.06 0.08 Strain (mm/mm)
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0.10
Unidirectional PP based laminates 16
S tress (M Pa)
12
8
4
0 0.00
PP, Volume fraction=7%
0.01 0.02 Strain (mm/mm)
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0.03
Glass Fiber Reinforced Pipe
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Microcraking in a 0-90-0 laminate
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Summary of Tension Results lay up
0
0/90/0
0/90/90/0
90/0/90
# E, G Pa repl.
9
4
5
4
stress at BO P, MPa
strain at BO P
Ultimate strength MPa
21.22
13.72
1.09E-03
44.6
1.27E-02
(5.54)
(9.81)
(1.39E-03)
(6.1)
(1.77E-02)
10.2
5.17
6.43E-04
23.1
1.44E-02
(0.85)
(0.98)
(2.30E-04)
(4.5)
(3.07E-03)
21.6
9.86
6.08E-04
41.1
2.29E-02
(4.96)
(1.10)
(5.05E-04)
(6.2)
(8.24E-03)
8.54
13.20
1.51E-02
31.5
1.44E-02
(4.5)
(4.81)
(2.40E-02)
(7.0)
(6.90E-02)
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Ultimate Strain, mm/m m
Conclusions
Development of cement based composite lamina and laminates. Tensile strengths of the order of 50 MPa and strain capacity on excess of 1% Polymeric and synthetic fibers alter the properties of the composites significantly. High energy mixing can incorporate high volume of fibers. Uniform fiber distribution at various size scales. Alumina fibers stabilize the microcracks and increase the strength. Polypropylene fibers and hybrid composites increase the toughness.
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