2015 3D Modeling Introduction Notes

WVOC CAD Design Technician 1/1/2015

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3D Modeling Introduction Notes

Table of Contents Part 1: Modeling ........................................................................................................................................... 2 Workspace & Commands.......................................................................................................................... 2 2D Geometry ............................................................................................................................................. 2 Regions ...................................................................................................................................................... 2 Solids Editing ............................................................................................................................................. 2 Modeling ................................................................................................................................................... 3 System Variables ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Part 2: Presentation of 3D Models................................................................................................................ 4 View Layouts ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Target Layout ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Temporary Viewport ............................................................................................................................. 4 Projecting Orthographic Views of the Model ........................................................................................... 4 SOLVIEW................................................................................................................................................ 4 Project Top, Right, and Left Views ........................................................................................................ 4 Project Front View ................................................................................................................................ 5 Layer Colors........................................................................................................................................... 5 Layer Filters: .......................................................................................................................................... 5 Rendering Drawing Views ......................................................................................................................... 5 SOLDRAW .............................................................................................................................................. 5 View Alignment ..................................................................................................................................... 5 Viewport Properties .............................................................................................................................. 6 Layer Control ......................................................................................................................................... 6 VPORTS layer ......................................................................................................................................... 6 Page Setup ................................................................................................................................................ 6

1 WVOC CAD Design Technician | Drawing Layout & Presentation

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3D Modeling Introduction Notes

Part 1: Modeling 3D Modeling with AutoCAD can be done by working with closed profiles or regions. Solids are developed by extruding, revolving, lofting, or sweeping profiles or regions. Complex solids can also be developed through the use of multiple working planes or model faces. Review these commands to get a better idea of how they work. Revolving for example, will require a closed profile as well as a reference line around which the profile will be revolved.

Workspace & Commands Start by selecting the 3D Modeling Workspace form the Workspace setting menu in the status bar. Locate the Modeling panel which contains the Solid commands for Extrude, Revolve, and others. Locate the Solids Editing panel which contains the commands for Subtract, Union, and Intersect. Use these commands to develop complex geometry- solids based on adding regions or solids together, for example. Locate the Draw Panel which contains all the basic 2D draw tools to create profiles and to create regions based on the profiles.

2D Geometry Depending on the solid you are trying to develop, consider the overall shape, the features, and the orientation. For the six simple parts, we are only considering a flat overall shape with minor thickness and holes. Layout the drawing geometry, making sure all profiles are completely closed. Once all the drawing geometry is complete, isolate only the model profiles.

Regions In Preparation make the 3D layer current, freeze all other layers except for the Object lines. Turn off the Grid. Locate the Draw panel; locate the Region or Boundary command. I like to use the Boundary command as this behaves similar to the hatching command. Switch layers to the 3D layer to create the regions. Activate the Boundary command, and choose Region as the object type to create and then use pick point to click anywhere inside the drawing geometry. Hit Enter to create the regions. You'll be able to see what was converted because the 3D layer objects should show up as Grey (the color of the 3D layer). Once all the regions have been created you are now ready to freeze the object layer and proceed with the Solids editing.

Solids Editing Depending on the part you are trying to model, you will be able to make use of the Union, Subtract, and Intersect commands to develop your complex region or solid. Where there are holes use the Subtract command to first select the larger region you are subtracting from, and then use Enter to then select the regions you are subtracting, then hit Enter to complete the operation. The result will be a complex region showing the holes.

2 WVOC CAD Design Technician | Drawing Layout & Presentation

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3D Modeling Introduction Notes

Hint: split the Model space drawing area into two Vertical viewports side by side. Use the View menu bar command and select Viewports: 2: vertical. Activate one of the viewports and change the view display to Conceptual to see the Region as a mass object with shading. Use an isometric view. You should see the holes if the operation was successful.

Modeling Start by working with simple part models extruded in one direction only (see DC-2 or DC-3 for more challenging geometry). To make your complex region into a solid, simply use the Extrude command from the Modeling panel and select the complex region, then hit Enter. Input the total extrude thickness, then hit Enter again. You should now see the model with thickness.

System Variables Isolines: Improves object visibility in wireframe view. The Isolines command specifies the number of contour lines per surface on objects. Valid settings are integers from 0 to 2047. Facetres: Improves object visibility in shaded views. The facetres command adjusts the smoothness of shaded objects and objects with hidden lines removed. Valid values are from 0.01 to 10.0.

3 WVOC CAD Design Technician | Drawing Layout & Presentation

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3D Modeling Introduction Notes

Part 2: Presentation of 3D Models View Layouts Prepare the Drawing Layout in which the Orthographic views will be displayed. In the next few steps you will generate all the orthographic views, beginning with a temporary viewport. Target Layout If using the template, select the B size layout. This is your target layout. Later, develop the page setup when you are ready to print. Temporary Viewport Size & Location: While working in the layout paper, turn on the Viewport layer in the layer manager. You should see the red rectangular area of the viewport. Adjust the size and location of the viewport within the layout. Position the temporary viewport in the location of what will be the Front view. Scale, Annotation Scale: Select the viewport and set the annotation and viewport scale simultaneously. Adjust the size and position of the viewport to show the entire object; leave room for annotations that you will add later. Use this temporary viewport to project the Orthographic Solid Views.

Projecting Orthographic Views of the Model SOLVIEW Switch to the 3D Modeling workspace, if you haven't already done so. Locate the Solview command in the Modeling panel. Upon activating the command you must follow the command sequence exactly or risk having to redo each of the following views you are about to create. The Solview command sequence is as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Select the type of Solid View; Type "O" for Orthographic, then ENTER Pick the side of the Viewport to project; Select a side (start with Top) Pick the location of the view; Pick another point to place the view center, then ENTER Name the View; Name the view according to the view being projected (start with Top View), then ENTER 5. Enter again to complete the command or simply repeat these steps to project the remaining views.

Project Top, Right, and Left Views Use the SOLVIEW command to develop all the required Orthographic views based on the temporary front view: Top, Right, and Left. Follow the steps above in a similar fashion to produce the remaining views.

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3D Modeling Introduction Notes

Project Front View Remove the temporary viewport once all other views have been created. Enter the Solview command once again, and use the Top viewport to project the Front View. Do not worry about aligning the view at this time. You will be able to align the view and adjust the viewport size later. Layer Colors Upon completing the creation of all of the Orthographic views, AutoCAD will have created a number of additional layers to support the display of your solid views. In order for the print to display with the correct colors and lineweights, you will have to adjust layer colors. Layer Filters: I recommend you create layer filters to quickly isolate the layer categories that were automatically created by AutoCAD. Create a separate layer filter for each category. For example, create a filter for all the Dimension layers of each of the solid views. Layer Filter Name: All dimension layers Example: *-DIM When this filter is used, it will isolate all the layers that represent the dimensions for each of the solid views generated. This will help to gather layers so that you can select all at once and apply changes. Be sure to return the Layer Filter to Show All when done making changes to Layer properties. Create Layer filters for the following: • • •

Dimensions: *-DIM, make layers blue (color 5) Hidden Lines: *-HID, make layers blue (color 5) Visible Lines: *-VIS, make layers cyan (color 4)

Rendering Drawing Views In this step you will generate the 2D linework to describe each of the orthographic views. Using SOLDRAW, you will "render" each viewport by selecting each viewport created with the SOLVIEW command. AutoCAD will then generate all the 2D geometry for each view automatically! SOLDRAW Locate the SOLDRAW command within the Modeling panel. Select each of the solid view viewports, then hit ENTER. Watch as AutoCAD quickly generates all the 2D linework for each of the viewports. View Alignment Once the views have been generated, confirm that your views are aligned. If, for example, the Front view is not aligned with the side views or top views, then use XLINES in layout paper space to establish the reference lines from the side and top views. Use the move command to move the Front viewport, using a reference point on an edge of the Front view. Align with the XLINES.

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3D Modeling Introduction Notes

Viewport Properties Be sure to set the viewport properties for scale, annotation scale, and then lock the viewports to prevent changes to any views. Always set the display of viewports to WIREFRAME in order to see the linetypes rendered properly. Layer Control Now all that remains is to utilize the layer controls to apply and organize annotations. Adding Information • Dimensions: For each view, switch the current layer to the Dim layer for the respective view. For example, if you are adding dimensions to the Front view, switch the layer to Front-DIM, and activate the Front view port. Then add the dimensions. Do this for each view.

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Center lines: Place the center lines right on top of the viewports in layout paper space. The reason for this is that you have only one center layer, but multiple views in different planes. By placing the center lines right on top, you don't need to be concerned with center lines appearing throughout the viewports.

VPORTS layer Freeze the VPORT and Viewport layers. The drawing view should remain visible, but the rectangular boundary will be hidden.

Page Setup PDF- Preview and Plot Adjust the page setup for the target layout, using the DWG to PDF printer and making the necessary selections. Preview, then Print and let instructor know for review.

6 WVOC CAD Design Technician | Drawing Layout & Presentation