POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF VARIOUS TYPES OF TOURISM IN LY SON ISLAND DISTRICT, QUANG NGAI PROVINCE TIỀM NĂNG PHÁT TRIỂN CÁC LOẠI HÌNH DU LỊCH Ở HUYỆN ĐẢO LÝ SƠN, TỈNH QUẢNG NGÃI ThS.Nguyễn Thanh Tưởng Giảng viên Khoa Địa Lý, Trường Đại học Sư phạm, Đại học Đà Nẵng, Điện thoại: 012.88.55.77.33 Email: [email protected]; [email protected]

Tóm tắt Dải ven biển miền Trung là một trong những khu vực tập trung nhiều dạng tài nguyên thiên nhiên có giá trị để phát triển nhiều ngành kinh tế khác nhau như giao thông, cảng biển, đánh bắt và nuôi trồng thủy hải sản, du lịch. Đặc biệt, là những cảnh quan đặc sắc, các bãi cát và các giá trị sinh thái biển đảo hết sức to lớn như ở huyện đảo Lý Sơn, tỉnh Quảng Ngãi.Tuy nhiên, việc khai thác phát triển các loại hình du lịch huyện đảo Lý Sơn vẫn chưa được khai thác phát triển tương xứng với vị trí và tiềm năng sẵn có. Vì vậy, việc nghiên cứu tiềm năng và đề xuất phát triển các loại hình du lịch huyện đảo Lý Sơn có ý nghĩa quan trọng về khoa học và thực tiễn. Từ khóa: Lý Sơn; giá trị sinh thái biển đảo; loại hình du lịch; phát triển du lịch. ABSTRACT Central coastal strip is one of the areas with various natural resources which is valuable to develop many economic sectors such as transport, port, fishing, marine aquaculture and tourism. In particular, the unique landscapes, sandy beaches and the marine ecological values on Ly Son island in Quang Ngai province. However, tourism on Ly Son island has still been untapped compared with available potential and location. Therefore, study in potential and proposal for the way to develop tourism on Ly Son island has important implications for science and practice. Keywords: Ly Son; marine ecological value; types of tourism; tourism development. 1. Introduction Ly Son is to have many potentials and conditions for the development of the national tourist destination and this has been confirmed in the development of the industry at regional 1

and national level as well as the planning of tourism development in Quang Ngai. However, in recent years, tourism activity in Ly Son also in the form of spontaneous, tourists to Ly Son is small, not infrastructure investment and tourism potential has not been exploited properly to serve the island tourism development, especially tourism products is poor, this kind of tourism is not diversity. The prospective study and the proposed development of tourism types Ly Son island district based on the exploitation of tourism resources is mission critical and urgent to build Ly Son into the national tourist destination, creating the basis for the management and attract investment, effectively exploit the potential of tourism and contribute to economic - social and sustainable development for Ly Son Quang Ngai province in particular and in general. 2. Contents Research Issues 2.1. The potential development of tourism types Ly Son island district 2.1.1. Natural tourism potential - Sea and sea creatures: + Sea creatures: The number of marine flora and fauna of the island of Ly Son is diverse in species composition and abundance in number, that contribute to the richness of seafood specialties and a variety of national wealth brackish and sea water, increasing the value and quality of the local specialties as well as landscape water environment. According to research results Ly Son has over 700 species of animals and plants, but due to massive extraction should not contain provisions on the island now only remains some species including 137 species of seaweed, 157 coral species ( 90% coverage), 7 kinds of seaweed, 40 kinds of echinoderms, 200 reef fish, 96 crustaceans. Also, Ly Son also has black corals, sea cucumbers, lobsters now been eradicated. Sea creatures Ly Son Island is considered as rich, diverse and high economic value, especially valuable for developing tourism forms coral diving, ecotourism island ... + The beaches: Beach north of An Vinh, An Hai has shallow, coarse sand, with many coral, large waves, not conducive to swimming. But the landscape is quite beautiful on the coast (Mount Gieng Tien, Hon Soi) suitable for building and service resorts on the coast. South Beach in An Vinh, An Hai with soft waves, beautiful scenery along the coast, under the sea with coral reef suitable for developing tourism, swimming, scuba diving and 2

snorkeling other services on the coast. Hang Bai (North Island Small) with sand better than the Big Island, beautiful beaches, suitable for the development of tourism, swimming, scuba diving and snorkeling and other services on the coast. - The natural attractions: Ly Son island district has 05 mountain: Thoi Loi, Hon Tai, Hon Soi, Gieng Tien and Hon Vung. While 2 mountain (mountains Thoi Loi and mountains Gieng Tien) have the ability to develop tourism. Thoi Loi Mountain is the highest mountain in the volcano turned off were formed from volcanic lava thousands of years ago. Above the sunken mountain, looks like a basin, where a dam was built to keep the service fresh water for agriculture. Money Well there are many mountain red earth, like basalt Highlands. Together with sand taken from the sea around the island, mountain red soil are people mountains Gieng Tien Ly Son widely taken up on the field, the manure layer garlic. According to the concept of the people here, this is sacred ground, purest land so people take on reinforcing the team's wind graves Beihai cum Managing sacrificed when protecting Paracel from Minh Mang . + Thach Dong cave: Thach Dong cave is located in the East Village, An Hai. Thach Dong cave has a spectacular natural setting between the sea and mountain side. Thach Dong cave wind and waves abrasion, "carved" into the mountains and were formed thousands of years ago from the lava. The scenery there is still wild, but with a very poetic beauty. Here the air is fresh, the wind blowing and the wind blew inshore cage patted rapids year round - is made up of lava hundreds of meters high, poetic and majestic look. Thach Dong cave next to the mountain landscape with the size of the waves and wind rock jutting out toward the sea eroded as the reef flat, green moss covered diurnal waves lapping against white foam. The sea water here is clear to strangers, standing on the cliff side of the edge can look each delegation sea fish swimming underwater ripples to several meters depth, and this is also where bathing very interesting. + Stone archway: Pictures dome, the locals also called portal, trace millions of years of volcanic activity on the island of Ly Son, creating favorable conditions for development of tourism geological . + Mu Cu area: Mu Cu is a complex island scenes include Mu Cu, Mu Cu port puddle, puddle along the northeast Mu Cu dam was built, connecting the major islands and island Mu 3

Cu. To the north and a southern section built dam forming an arc-shaped path is ideal for sightseeing. 2.1.2. Tourism potential humanities - The cultural relics archeology: + Monuments Gieng Tien: In early 2006, some archaeologists have accidentally discovered on the steps of the ancient crater in the northern mountains Gieng Tien Ly Son Island Palaeolithic tools. The collection includes flaking stone, rock throwing, table sharpener, ring jewelry, especially with lots of bits stripped separated during tool making. Initially, the archaeologists have identified here are relics of residence and also the icemaking workshops of the early inhabitants of the old stone age, approximately 30 thousand years ago. Monuments Gieng Tien equivalent comparable with old stone ruins in Nui Do (Thanh Hoa). This is the old stone ruins were first discovered in Quang Ngai province as well as in Central Vietnam. + Monuments Xom Oc: Monuments Xom Oc is located beside a stream, near the southern coast of the island. Doan Ngoc Khoi Monuments by excavation discovered in 1996, the Institute of Archaeology in collaboration with Quang Ngai Province in 1997 unearthed. Monuments Xom Oc is the residence of Sa Huynh Culture inhabitants, while in the cultural layer with mixed burials. Floor culture of ancient people residing on 1,50m thick, with sandy texture dense basalt shell of krill. Through the cultural layer excavated Xom Oc shows ancient people residing here long-term stability. Habitat of Sa Huynh Culture resident in the island should Xom Oc source their food is mostly exploited aquatic species. + Monuments Suoi Chinh: Monuments major springs located on the dunes by the sea, east of the island of Ly Son. Monuments Suoi Chinh derived from late-stage development of Xom Oc, the residence of Sa Huynh cultural inhabitants, while in the cultural layer with mixed burials. - The cultural and historical monuments: In Ly Son island district has 50 monuments, including 10 monuments have been recognized with 4 national monuments and 6 provinciallevel relics; 23 religious relics and some other monuments. Many types of intangible cultural spirit, folk activities, beliefs, unique festivals.

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+ Hang Pagoda Monument (Monument National): Chua Hang aka Thien Khong Thach Tu is located in the eastern North Island, foothills Thoi Loi. Hang Pagoda is a monument landscape natural and man-made, temple valuable in many respects, is concrete evidence of the mining and construction of island residents Dai Viet, was created ago 400 years, the temple has many interesting nooks (sugar skyward, road to hell). Besides so located, Thoi Loi foothills and sea gives the edge where poetic landscapes and majestic, so Hang Pagoda is a place for travelers to rest, interesting entertainment. + An Hai village ruins (Monument National): Family Village was built in natural Minh Mang year (1820). This village is the art architectural style Nguyen Dynasty, is reflected in the art of wood carving is unique in the altar, the surface of the rafters, poles, top door ...; There is also the technical strike relief, statuary very sophisticated, lively through the neck frill decorated umbrella roof suspension, roof shore frontage. An Hai village also associated with minority populations of An Vinh Furniture church, temple Bui Ta Han, Hoang Thanh temple, temple Thuy Long, and capitalism. Inside An Hai village worship Thien YA Na remaining (Po Inu Nagar), Lord Ngung Man Nuong and forefathers, post-beat, gold, current post. Churches such scheme is the reconciling of the culture debris on lap Cultural Care Pathways to Vietnam to form the unique cultural identity of the village in Ly Son. Every year at the holidays, especially during Tet, An Hai village were big festival. In addition there are sacrifices boat racing, team assembly, wrestling games and the shows other folk. + An Vinh village ruins (Monument National): An Vinh village ruins was built in the 18th century is one of the house dating to build a long and early in Quang Ngai province. This is also a valuable monument of great historical, demonstrate sovereignty of Vietnam for 2 Paracels and Spratlys An Vinh village is also home to 13 families on Ly Son island district Ceremony Hoang Sa soldier's desire to curb 19/3 lunar day. This festival is very important in the spiritual life of the inhabitants of coastal areas and islands from centuries, to pay tribute to the soldiers in the war hero Hoang Sa years old have the obedience court Islands Hoang Sa and Truong Sa demarcation, up beer affirm Vietnam's sovereignty over the South Vietnam Sea. This is also a place of worship ancestors, become a unique cultural feature of Ly Son from hundreds of years ago.

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+ Am Linh Tu and Hoang Sa soldiers and graves (Monument National): Am Linh Tu is a place of worship war hero Paracel team, was built in the mid-seventeenth century, the historical importance of the problem demonstrate and reflect honestly Vietnam's sovereignty over the islands Hoang Sa and Truong Sa. From arduous voyage elected by means of rudimentary boats made so many soldiers lost their lives at sea Paracels. Tribute to their people on the island of Ly Son building Am Linh Tu temple to worship. From that showed under the Nguyen Dynasty and Nguyen Dynasty, Hoang Sa archipelago are integral parts of the mainland and the court has assigned to the exploitation and protection of Hoang Sa team in Ly Son. + Pham Quang Anh Cathedral (Monuments provincial): This is where Pham Quang Anh worship Hoang Sa captain sacrifice while on duty protecting Vietnam's sovereignty over Hoang Sa and Truong Sa Islands. Built in the mid-seventeenth century. Layout coordinated with their line ancestor worship. These are relics of tremendous educational value for the generations of today and tomorrow about patriotism, love the motherland, nation and sovereignty of the country glorious Vietnam in the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa Islands. + Vo Van Khiet Cathedral (Monuments Provincial): A place of worship Hoang Sa captain Vo Van Khiet sacrifice while on duty protecting Vietnam's sovereignty over Hoang Sa and Truong Islands Sa. Mr. Vo Van Khiet Father Vo Van Tham which is reasonable Amphitrite headman had asked the court to establish the temple Vo Van Khiet, Vinh Thanh Vinh village neighborhood Ly Son district. The temple is situated in the area of family Vo, folk known as Mr. Tham Temple. According to the clan elders in the temple Martial built Gia Long dynasty end. + Temple Lang Chanh fish (Monuments provincial): Located in the East Village, An Vinh Ly Son district, near the coast. Monuments were built during the Ming Mang, this is an important religious relic of floating Ly Son. Vietnamese people have legends whale watching is the reincarnation of Buddha piece of her robe Quan. Guanyin robe ripped into pieces and drop into the sea all of his license to fish, take the skeleton to give whale Elephants have big body, to impart true collector road quickly swim to rescue the fishermen and forestry victims. Currently mausoleum where many fish and he on Ly Son Island retains many huge whale skeleton. 6

+ Monuments palace Thien YA-Na (Monuments Provincial): A type of religious architecture religious art. Located in the western village of An Hai Ly Son district has an area of approximately 150m. South facing and has triangle shaped architecture, divided into three buildings: forecourt, the front and the harem, where the array is preserved wood carvings so beautiful and delicate, lively. In interior and exterior relics preserved these scrolls, couplets, wooden statues, stone - are works of high artistic value. Her relics Thien YA-Na residence as evidence of cultural tolerance Vietnamese - Cham. Therefore, where there is value in scientific research and tourist attractions. + Tam Toa palace Monuments (Monument Provincial): A type of religious architecture religious art. Located in the western village of An Hai Ly Son district. Monuments built under Gia Long, beautiful landscape, inside the Church of the goddess Shui Long (legend is the Dragon King) along with Bach Thai director churches and faith you sleep. This is also an important religious relic of people on Ly Son Island. + Exhibitors souvenir management team Bac Hai Hoang Sa cum: The memorial exhibit management team Bac Hai Hoang Sa cum aims to conserve, preserve and promote the work of the cultural heritage related to the operation of the team Hoang Sa in the traditional education drinking water source memory, remembering the merits of the ancestors of the people, with water but also contribute to raise awareness and responsibility of officials and people especially generation children today and tomorrow in the continuation of his father maritime sovereignty. Exhibitors with 3 rooms, with a total area of 180m2. Furniture showrooms covering nearly 200 sources, more than 100 exhibits of scientific value also contributes to demonstrate a historical truth as the Hoang Sa, Truong Sa capital has long been an inseparable part leave the territory of Vietnam. + Monuments Mausoleum whale (East Sea) (Monuments provincial): In addition to the special relics that Ly Son also has dozens of homes neck rường earthworks, with unique architecture, carved wood engraving area keeps Natural. House covered with fireproof effects house, insulated (cool in summer, warm in winter). Route to: Nhan - Nghia - Le -Tri- Tin Phuoc - Loc - Tho.

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+ Duc Temple: Situated halfway up the mountainside Gieng Tien. Located in the lobby of the Duc Pagoda Scenic Area is the statue of The Am high 27 meters, leading to the ancient shrine, moss is located deep inside the mountain. Duc Pagoda Temple, also known as monk not, the Legend of Buddhists, Quan The Am ever choose dwell here, defending peace Islanders avoid a disaster. - Traditional festival: + Sacred animals boat racing festival: st place from 4-8 annual Lunar New Year, sacred animals boat racing festival is not only a fun and entertainment, but also a tribute to the early ancestors declared island born and pray for a peaceful country, security people, who police luckily. There are 8 boat races, boat about 12 meters long, 4 animals called sacred animals: Long, Ly (Lan), Quy, Phung is decorated, carved very carefully, there are two levels, the boat racing village and district. + Ceremony of Hoang Sa soldiers longing that margin (Cultural Heritage Intangible Country): Every year on the occasion of the margin offerings ie the period from February 10 to 20 lunar ceremony Ly Son people's desire to curb soldiers Hoang Sa, Tu Linh in Am on March 16 (lunar) aims to pray for the souls Hoang Sa is transcendence to a tribute to the unsung heroes have sacrificed for their country on the sea islands. + Festival Team: Along with the first festival activities, traditional boat race, wrestling, team with ceremonial assembly held that this is an activity very unique festivals and cultural reflection traditional. All festival in Ly Son creating favorable conditions for development of cultural tourism, tourism linked to national sovereignty ... - Food culture: Specialty onions: Onions, Garlic Ly Son have delicious flavor than onions, garlic and other regions. Brand Onions, Garlic Ly Son are sonorous on domestic and foreign markets. Also on the island there is precious seafood such as single dot, robe, sea breast, green sea turtle, squamous (tortoise) and a variety of shrimp, crabs, snails, squid tasty incalculable. Shells and coral from the people processing hundreds lively crafts and fun. Besides, there are some other specialties such as hemp leaves little cake; Salad with garlic, fried garlic; Orphans wine garlic (garlic one); Ly Son sea snails; Tea seaweed ... facilitate development of culinary tourism. 2.2. The status of development of the type of tourism in Ly Son island district 8

Currently, on Ly Son island district the majority of tourism resources are in the form of potential, not to exploit, revenue from operations is not high tourist visit, tourism products and travel services too poor. Most places are tourist attractions spirituality, heavily local communities, not planning to serve tourism. Ly Son island district focuses the development of tourism as: - Sightseeing Tours, learn cultural activities visit local monuments such as the Temple Cave, Am Linh Tu, Hoang Sa gallery cum Managing visit Bac Hai and ecological landscapes such as Thach Dong cave, stone archway, the volcano went off. In particular, people all regions yearly look on Ly Son to attend the Hoang Sa soldiers longing that margin - Sea travel: Mostly beach activities. However, the beach in Ly Son are not conducive to swimming because of shallow water, the sand is not beautiful, many corals. 2.3. Proposed development of the type of tourism in Ly Son island district

Currently the tourism types Ly Son island district are poor, mainly sightseeing. The investment in infrastructure is just beginning, largely exploited naturally, not create this kind of unique island tourism, tourist attraction. Review the capabilities and advantages in Ly Son island district shows can thrive the following types of tourism: - Development of specific types of tourism: including travel associated with national sovereignty, coral tourism, geological tourism and "tourism Garlic": + Tourism in association with "sovereign" countries: Potential and Development facility: Ly Son has many relics associated with Hoang Sa archipelago sovereignty, Truong Sa of Vietnam; khao ceremony Hoang Sa soldiers margins that cultural heritage is intangible Country, annually attracting a lot of tourists to Ly Son; Sea Island and Sea Island sovereignty is a matter of interest not only locally but also worldwide. Content mining: Focus exploitation ceremony Hoang Sa soldiers longing that margin, development of tourism products include: Learn about national sovereignty through maritime ceremony Hoang Sa soldiers longing that margin and relics associated Hoang Sa flotilla with; Learn the ritual sacrifices that soldiers Hoang Sa khao margins; Join the festivities and cultural activities such as Requiem, the Lantern Festival, opera, lion dance, the procession and festival traditional sailing sacred animals; Join in the game other local folk; Visiting the monuments associated with Hoang Sa 9

flotilla in Ly Son: Am Linh Tu and Hoang Sa soldiers and tombs, galleries Hoang Sa Bac Hai cum governance. + Tourism coral: Potential and Development facility: Sea Ly Son is one of the beaches have many precious corals, especially black coral beach which is not always have been; Tourism coral diving is a type of tourism is quite new in Vietnam have not been known. In the future if development in Ly Son will attract more tourists to Ly Son. Content extraction: Exploiting the potential of coral coast Ly Son develop forms such as fishing and snorkelling coral, coral glass bottom boat. + Geological Tourism: Potential and Development facility: Ly Son island of volcanic formation, the island still many traces of volcanic eruptions, this is a type of tourism is quite unique for a district Sea travel. Content extraction: Learn the history of the development of the island of Ly Son; Discover, scientific research on the geology of the island of Ly Son; Visit the remnants of the volcanic eruption on the island of Ly Son, explore the beach at the foot of the volcano, the geological layers in Ly Son coast, the rocks formed from volcanic eruptions, the lava layer formed by lava, officials freshwater lake hanging atop the volcano, the surrounding reefs and islands; The souvenirs from volcanic rock, lava. + Tourism "Garlic": Potential and Development facility: Ly Son is like "Kingdom of garlic" in Ly Son garlic is well known; The development of tourism garlic will attract tourists to Ly Son, and to promote the production and trading of residential trafficking. Content extraction: Join the activities like planting garlic experience, harvested garlic; Resort linked to farm garlic; The beauty spa from garlic; Products souvenir from garlic; Garlic Festival Organization: Research institutions garlic festival in one or a few days in the year periodic harvests garlic. Activities at the garlic festival like: Execution beautiful garlic; Thi braided garlic; Organize contests in garlic; Organize games from garlic ... Recommend and sell garlic to tourists.

- Development of the main types of tourism: including marine tourism, homestay tourism, cultural tourism, ecotourism: + Sea travel: Exploiting the potential of marine tourism, development of products and services include: Convalesce modeled resort: This is a common type of tourism in the marine 10

areas and islands in the world like Vietnam today and in the next phase. Its target mainly high-end tourists at home and abroad. The activities diving, swimming, fishing; The type of marine sports such as diving, surfing, yachting ...; The weekend served tourists in the province; The honeymoon vacation ... + Tourism Homestay: Was identified as the main type of tourism in Ly Son. This is the appropriate type of tourism development in Ly Son and do not require too much investment funding. Tourists will "same food, same houses, tourist" with indigenous peoples, farmers experience the harvest and planting of garlic, the island fishermen boat fishing basket and bring homemade , cooking ... as the real fishing village. The people's "tour guide" for tourist sights, learn the culture, visit local monuments. Objects serve mainly tourists Range, affordable and foreign tourists. + Cultural tourism: Visit the historic culture, learn about the island Fatherland, the typical relics: relics preserved imprint of Hoang Sa soldiers hero team hold water since ancient times, Hang Pagoda, di Am Linh Tu area, exhibitors Paracel cum Managing Bac Hai. Tourism Festival: Exploring the traditional festivals such as the local flower, opera, lion dance, the procession and sacred animals boat racing festival tradition. Research cultural life of the people and tour the ancient house in Ly Son. + Ecotourism: Ecotourism association with the sea: including sightseeing activities marine ecosystems, explore the beach at the foot of the volcano (corals, sea landscapes ...). Agricultural Ecotourism Visiting garlic fields. Tourist visiting the natural landscape: stone archway, caves, traces of volcanic eruption on the island of Ly Son, the rocks formed from volcanic eruptions create spectacular scenery , the lava layers fancy shapes, traces formed by the face, freshwater lake atop hanging officials volcano, the reefs surround the island are favorable conditions for aquatic species living ... - Developing tourism types supported: including tourist shopping, entertainment and culinary tour: + Tourism Shopping, entertainment: Shopping for local produce such as garlic, handicraft items made from seashells, coral black; Entertainment in the model of theme parks in the destination; service facilities and entertainment at the service center. + Culinary tourism: study and enjoy the culinary specialties of Ly Son. 11

- Developing new types of tourism: diversification, creation of new forms of tourism, appealing features, has been identified with the type of tourism, nature conservation and cultural historical monuments tourism entertainment such as snorkeling, yachting, windsurfing. 3. Conclude Ly Son island district currently possesses the potential of natural resources has great prospects to develop tourism into a key economic sector for the island. Prospects, opportunities open up associated with challenges can not be underestimated. The development of tourism types Ly Son island district ultimately must serve life for the people of Ly Son getting better and keep long-term sustainability for generations of tourists in future be sold enjoy the quintessential value of Ly Son. The research results can make reference to sectors and at all levels in the formulation and implementation of economic development plans - economic development of the sector, local sustainable way. REFERENCES [1] Tuong Nguyen Thanh (2013), "Evaluation SWOT to develop tourism in the islands from Quang Tri to Quang Ngai", Journal of Science - University of Quang Nam, No. 03, pp 109-119. [2] People's Committee of Ly Son (2014), Statistical Yearbook of the year, Ly Son. [3] People's Committee of Quang Ngai province (2012), the overall planning of economic development - Ly Son district society economically strong, solid on defense and security until 2020, Quang Ngai. [4] Quang Ngai Provincial People's Committee (2014), Master plan for tourism development in Quang Ngai province until 2020 and orientations to 2025, Quang Nga [5] Quang Ngai Provincial People's Committee (2014), land use planning up to 2020, the land use plan 5 years early (2011-2015) Ly Son district, Quang Ngai.

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