nts

Conte

To the student

7

How Visual Grammar works

8

I can …

1

describe things

Present Simple be It’s + adjective

It’s big. It’s long.

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2

talk about the weather and time

It’s windy. It’s two o’clock.

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3

introduce myself and other people

Present Simple be It’s + weather It’s + time Present Simple be

I’m Irish. She’s my boss.

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4

say how people feel

Present Simple be + feeling adjectives

I’m hungry. They’re happy.

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5

say where things are (1)

Present Simple be + prepositions It’s on the shelf. of place (in, on, at) My parents are at work.

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say what is not true

Present Simple be – negatives

I’m not ready. Mark isn’t a doctor.

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7

ask about people’s lives (1)

Present Simple be – yes/no questions

Are you a nurse? Is he busy?

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8

give short answers

Present Simple be – short yes/no Yes, he is. answers No, they aren’t.

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ask about people’s lives (2)

Present Simple be – Wh- questions

What’s your name? Who’s your tutor?

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10

say what is in a place

there is / there are

There’s a beautiful mountain. There aren’t any clouds in the sky!

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talk about friends and relations

possessive adjectives

my father her best friend

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12

talk about things I have

have got / have + noun

I have two sisters. I’ve got a cat.

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talk about my health

have got / have + illness

I have a terrible backache. She’s got a cold.

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ask if people have things

Have you got …? and Do you have … ? questions

Have you got your books? Do you have a sweater?

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15

give short answers about things I have

Short answers: Yes, I have / No, I Yes, I have / No, I haven’t. Yes, I do / No, I don’t. haven’t / Yes, I do / No, I don’t.

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16

talk about things I haven’t got Negatives: haven’t got and

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use this, that, these, those

this, that, these, those

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say what I can do

can for ability and possibility

I can play the guitar. I can’t hear you!

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19

ask people to help me

Questions with Can you and Could you

Can you tell me the time? Could you pass me the salt?

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20

ask for permission

Questions with Can I and Could I Can I come in?

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talk about habits, routines and repeated actions

Present Simple statements

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say how often things happen

Present Simple + adverbs of frequency

don’t have

I don’t have any soap or shampoo. I haven’t got any conference information. This is my cat. These are my books.

Could I use this dictionary? I go to the gym every day. He gives us a grammar test every month. We never talk! I always go there on Tuesdays.

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Contents Present Simple + time preposition on

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talk about days when I do things

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talk about times when things Present Simple + time happen prepositions in and at

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talk about things that are generally true

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say what isn’t true

27

ask about habits and routines Present Simple – yes/no

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ask for more information about habits and routines

Do you send tweets regularly? No, I don’t. Does your mother use the internet at home? Yes, she does. Present Simple – Wh- questions Where does she go to school? What do they want to eat?

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say where things are (2)

Prepositions of place

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talk about what is happening now

Present Progressive statements I’m waiting.

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make -ing endings correctly

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on Tuesday on 5th July

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at the weekend in the evening

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Present Simple statements

I wear glasses. We live in Geneva.

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Present Simple negatives

I don’t like spicy food. She doesn’t play football.

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questions and short answers

next to the tree opposite the park

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It’s snowing.

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Present participles

walking baking

40

avoid unnecessary repetition

Present Progressive – omission of repeated verbs

She’s sitting in the lounge, eating chocolate cake and watching TV.

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send messages about what I’m doing now

Present Progressive statements I’m working at home.

34

write an email about my life now

Present Progressive – meaning: I’m working in Madrid this month. temporary, around now She’s going to Thai lessons every week.

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35

talk about planned future events

Present Progressive – future meaning

I’m meeting her on Tuesday. We’re travelling next week.

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36

make an excuse about why I can’t do something

Present Progressive – excuses

Sorry. I can’t come to the meal. I’m meeting an important customer then.

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37

make Present Progressive negatives and questions

Present Progressive – negatives We aren’t going to Melbourne. and questions Why are you waiting?

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remember which verbs aren’t usually used in the Present Progressive decide whether to use Present Simple or Present Progressive talk about the past with was and were

Active and stative verbs

They know the answers. I believe in UFOs.

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Present Simple compared with Present Progressive

He plays piano. He’s playing piano.

47

was and were

41

talk about things that happened in the past (1)

Past Simple – regular verbs

Were you at school yesterday afternoon? No, I was at the dentist. looked, wanted, walked, played

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talk about things that happened in the past (2)

Past Simple – irregular verbs

grew, ran, wore, made

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ask about the past

Past Simple – yes/no questions

Did James buy some new books?

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ask Wh- questions about the past

Past Simple – Wh- questions

Where did you go?

45

give short answers about the Past Simple – short answers past

Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.

46

say what didn’t happen in the Past Simple – negatives past

We didn’t go to the supermarket last night.

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say what order things happened in

Past Simple + when/then/after/ before

I phoned her before she came home. When you went out, I made supper.

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48

say when things happened

Past Simple – time expressions

yesterday last night last summer

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39 40

I’m walking on the beach.

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Contents 49

say how long before now something was

Past Simple + ago

50

describe a journey

Past Simple + prepositions of movement

51

make longer sentences

and/but

52

talk about reasons and results

Past Simple + so/because

53

tell a story about the past

Past Simple narrative

54

use the Past Simple

Past Simple review

Where did you go at the weekend? He didn’t like it very much.

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55

ask about people’s life experiences

Present Perfect questions

Have you ever seen the pyramids? Has she ever been to Africa?

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56

make past participles

Past participles

walked, drunk, eaten, done

57

talk about experiences I have Present Perfect + never never had

58

talk about experiences and events ‘before now’

59

I bought my first guitar a long time ago. We started our band ThunderMusic four years ago. across a field over the bridge She ran past the window and I waved at her. I went to the theatre last night, but I left after 30 minutes. Vicki went to the doctor because she felt ill. Vicki felt ill so she went to the doctor. Every night we put up tents and slept in them.

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64

I’ve never seen Star Wars. She’s never eaten a tomato.

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Present Perfect up to now

You’ve written three books. I’ve lived here for ages.

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talk about work I have finished

Present Perfect for completed actions

I’ve cleaned the bathroom. She’s made supper.

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60

talk about past actions that have a result now

Present Perfect for past actions The guests have arrived. with a connection to now I’ve broken my arm.

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say that something happened Present Perfect + just only a short time before now

62

choose gone or been

63

70

She’s just heard the news. I’ve just spoken to him.

71

Past participles of go

Mike has gone to Moscow. Mike has been to Moscow.

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say that something has not happened

Present Perfect negatives + yet

I haven’t finished it yet. She hasn’t bought a present yet.

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64

talk about actions that happened before I expected

Present Perfect + already

I’ve already seen the film. The ferry has already left!

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talk about how long things lasted

Present Perfect + for and since

for four months since January

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66

choose whether to use Past Simple or Present Perfect

comparison of Past Simple and Present Perfect

She won first prize! She’s won first prize!

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67

talk about what people were doing at a time in the past

Past Progressive

What were you doing at 5? I was playing Crime City.

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68

Interrupted Past Progressive

I was playing Wizard World when my computer exploded!

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69

talk about what people were doing when something else happened use verb lists

70

tell people about my plans

be going to

71

ask and answer about what’s be going to – questions and short Are you going to dig up the trees? going to happen answers Yes, we are.

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be going to

It’s going to be a great party!

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predict what is going to happen (because I have evidence) say who things happened to

Subject and object pronouns Verb +preposition

She told me. We laughed at it.

74

say who things belong to

Apostrophe ‘s Possessive pronouns

Whose is this? It’s mine.

Review of verb forms

80 I’m going to visit my grandma. She’s going to think about it.

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Contents 75

make plurals

Singular and plural

cars, loaves, children

76

use a and an

Indefinite articles

a mouse, an elephant

77

decide whether to use a, an or the

Indefinite and definite articles

a book, the book

78

decide when the is not needed

Omission of articles

I love rice. We never buy potatoes.

79

say why things happened

so that / infinitive of purpose

80

tell people what to do

Imperatives/Let’s …

81

use countable and uncountable nouns

Countable and uncountable nouns

I saved my money to buy a motorbike. Oliver got a new passport so that he could go to Africa. Go home! Have a great day! Let’s dance! five fingers some milk

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ask people what they would like (food, drink, etc.)

a/an/some

83

talk about quantities of uncountable things

Containers, quantities, divisions two bottles of milk

84

ask if people have things

85

Would you like an egg? Would you like some cake?

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a bar of chocolate

100

some/any

Have you got any water? Have you got some cash?

101

ask and answer about quantities

much/many/a lot of/lots of

86

say how we do things

Adverbs of manner

How many coins? How much money? Lots of money I ran quickly. I crossed the bridge carefully.

87

say what was in a place in the past

There was / There were

There was a table there before! Were there red curtains before?

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88

say what I decided to do

will (for decisions)

I’ll clean the floor. I’ll feed the fish.

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89

say what I think will happen

will (for future) Other functions of will

When will the film start? I’ll get your bag for you.

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90

talk about things I have, make have, make, do or do

91

choose the right auxiliary verb

Auxiliary verbs

92

talk about things I like and dislike doing

93

talk about things I was able do in the past

love, like, enjoy, hate, etc. + infinitive / -ing would like + to + infinitive could

94

say that something is really important to do

95

listen to other people’s advice should/must

96

say how people and things are different

-er comparatives

97

compare books, films and other things

Comparatives with more and less This perfume is more expensive than

98

say which things are the ‘most’

Superlatives

99

tell a joke

Present Simple jokes

Irregular verbs Answer key

must

Have you done any exercise today? The factory makes tablet computers. Let’s have a break! I don’t want any ice cream. She wasn’t looking. I love going on rollercoasters. I’d like to go to a theme park. I watched an English film last night and I could understand it! We couldn’t swim last month because I hurt my leg. I must lose weight this year. I really must stop smoking.

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You should go to university. You must study harder.

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The elf is older than the thief. The thief is healthier than the wizard.

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that one. James is less friendly than Mark. The Metropole has the most stars. The Chaika’s the least expensive. A man walks into a pet shop ...

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