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Tribhuvan university Faculty of management 2016 BBA/First Semester /IT 201: Computer System & IT Application Group “A”

1. Brief Answer Questions: i. "Computer is a versatile machine", Justify this statement. Answer: Computer is versatile in nature. It can perform different types of tasks with the same ease. At one moment you can use the computer to prepare a letter document and in the next moment you may play music or print a document. ii. Define an operating system. Give any two examples of it. Answer: An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. Microsoft Windows and Linux are examples of OS. iii. What is artificial intelligence? Answer: Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes the creation of intelligent machines that work and react like humans. Some of the activities computers with artificial intelligence are designed for include: • Speech recognition • Learning • Planning • Problem solving iv. What is cache memory? Answer: In computer engineering, a cache is a component that transparently stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster. The data that is stored within a cache might be values that have been computed earlier or duplicates of original values that are stored elsewhere. v.

Define Network Topology. Answer: Network topology is the layout pattern of interconnections of the various elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a computer network. Network topologies may be physical or logical. Physical topology refers to the physical design of a network including the devices, location and cable installation. Logical topology refers to how data is actually transferred in a network as opposed to its physical design.

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What is computer? Answer: A computer is a programmable machine designed to sequentially and automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations. Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as input from the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use. What is Antivirus? Answer: Anti-virus software that can detect and eliminate known Computer viruses. Anti-virus software is a program or set of programs that are designed to prevent, search for, detect, and remove software viruses, and other malicious software like worms, trojans, adware, and more. List any four features of Photoshop. Answer:

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Four features of Photoshop are: • Cropping image • Printing Image • Lighting Effects • Painting Mention any two advantages of using LCD/LED monitors over CRT monitors. Answer: LCD/LED monitors are much thinner than CRT monitors, being only a few inches in thickness. They can fit into smaller, tighter spaces, whereas a CRT monitor can't in most cases. What is mail merge? Answer: Mail merge is a word processing feature that allows users to personalize letters with names and addresses from a database. Short Answer Questions:

11. What is Computer Network? How Computer network can be used to reduce cost of operation in organization? Answer: A computer network is a set of computers or devices that are connected with each other to carry on data and share information. In computing, it is called a network as a way to interconnect two or more devices to each other using cables, signals, waves or other methods with the ultimate goal of transmitting data, share information, resources and services. Computer network can reduce cost of operation in organization. Most of the benefits of networking can be divided into two generic categories: connectivity and sharing. Networks allow computers, and hence their users, to be connected together. They also allow for the easy sharing of information and resources, and cooperation between the devices in other ways. Organization can benefits through Data Sharing, Hardware Sharing, Internet Access sharing, Data Security and Management etc. 12. What is computer memory? Differentiate between portable and non portable memory devices. Answer: In computing, memory refers to the physical devices used to store programs (sequences of instructions) or data on a temporary or permanent basis for use in a computer. The term primary memory is used for the information in physical systems which are fast (i.e. RAM), as a distinction from secondary memory, which are physical devices for program and data storage which are slow to access but offer higher memory capacity. There are two types memory in computer: • Primary memory • Secondary memory Primary memory is the only one directly accessible to the CPU. The CPU continuously reads instructions stored there and executes them as required. it may volatile or non volatile manner. RAM is a volatile and ROM is non volatile type. Secondary memory is not directly accessible by the CPU. The computer usually uses its input/output channels to access secondary storage and transfers the desired data using intermediate area in primary storage. Secondary storage does not lose the data when the device is powered down—it is non-volatile. Portable and non portable memory: A portable memory is any memory that can easily be carried or transfer data from one computer to another computer. It is a small form factor of a computing device that is designed to be held and used in the hands, example Flash drive, SD card etc. Non portable memory which is cannot carry or transfer data from one place to another place because it is attached or mount inside the computer, example RAM, Hard Disk Drive etc. 13. Write the steps to print 3 copies of an EXCEL sheet.

Answer: Step 1: Press CTRL + P or click on office button and click Print->Print Step 2: In print dialog box, there is "Number of copies" box. Just type 3 or move up spin button. Step 3: Click the "OK" button. 14. Write the steps to save MS-Word document with password. Answer: Step 1: Click Office button and click save menu or press CTRL + S shortcut key. "Save As dialog box" will appear. Step 2: In bottom of "Save As dialog box", there is "Tools" list box, click on "tools" and select "General Options". It will display the "General Option" Window. Step 3: In "General Option" Window. There are two encryption methods - "Password for open" and "Password for modify". Step 4: Provide the password in both section and click "OK" button. Confirm the password and click on "OK". Step 5: Click on "Save" button. 15. What is system software? How system software differs from application software? Answer: System software is software on a computer that is designed to control and work with computer hardware and to provide a platform for running application software. The two main types of system software are the operating system and the software installed with the operating system, often called utility software. System software differs from application software System software differs from application software. Systems software consists of low-level programs that interact with the computer at a very basic level. This includes operating systems compilers, and utilities for managing computer resources. In contrast, applications software (also called end-user programs) includes enterprise software, accounting software, office suites, graphics software and media players. Many application programs deal principally with documents. Application software is computer software designed to help the user to perform specific tasks. Figuratively speaking, applications software sits on top of systems software because it is unable to run without the operating system and system utilities. 16. What is CPU? Explain the components of CPU. Answer: A central processing unit (CPU) is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions. The fundamental operation of most CPUs, regardless of the physical form they take, is to execute a sequence of stored instructions that is called a program. The instructions to be executed are kept in computer memory. Nearly all CPUs follow the fetch, decode and execute steps in their operation, which are collectively known as the instruction cycle. Components of CPU • Control unit • Arithmetic logical unit • Memory unit Control Unit (CU): This unit controls the operations of all parts of computer but does not carry out any actual data processing operations. Functions of this unit are:  It is responsible for controlling the transfer of data and instructions among other units of a computer.  It manages and coordinates all the units of the computer. Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU) Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU): Function of arithmetic section is to perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. All complex operations are done by making repetitive use of above operations.

Logic Section: Function of logic section is to perform logic operations such as comparing, selecting, matching and merging of data. Memory unit (MU): Functions of memory unit are:  It stores all the data and the instructions required for processing.  It stores intermediate results of processing.  It stores final results of processing before these results are released to an output device.  All inputs and outputs are transmitted through main memory. 17. What is FIS? Describe the features of FIS. If you have Rs. 10,000 today, what will be its future value after 5 years at the interest rate 9%? Answer: Financial Information Systems accumulate and analyze financial data in order to make good financial management decisions in running the business. This is type of business software used to input, accumulate and analyze financial and accounting data. It produces reports such as accounting reports, cash flow statements and financial statement. The output produced helps in making good financial management decisions thus helping the managers run the business effectively. The financial management system is a process and procedures that is used by an organization's management to exercise financial control and accountability. The features of FIS: • Keeping all payments and receivables transparent. • Amortizing prepaid expenses. • Depreciating assets according to accepted schedules. • Keeping track of liabilities. • Coordinating income statements, expense statements, and balance sheets. • Balancing multiple bank accounts. • Ensuring data integrity and security. • Keeping all records up to date. • Maintaining a complete and accurate audit trail. • Minimizing overall paperwork. Rs. 10,000 will be its future value after 5 years at the interest rate 9% is FV=PV*(1+r)n FV=10000 * 1.538 FV= 15386.239 After 5 years: 15386.239 18. What is data sorting? Write the steps required to sort data in ascending order in MS-Excel. Answer: Sorting data is useful for organizing long or short lists of data in ascending or descending order, from largest to smallest, smallest to largest, making use of custom options, or by column, row, or any combination of these factors. Steps to sort data in ascending order in MS-Excel:

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Select the cell range you want to sort. Select the Data tab on the Ribbon, and then click the Sort command. The Sort dialog box will appear. Select the ascending order. Click OK. The cell range will be sorted by the selected column. *Thank you*

Compiled by: Biran Limbu, Mahendra Multiple Campus, Dharan, Nepal