OPERATIOS OF HEAT TRASFER CODE CP301 CH 301
L 2
T P -- 2
RATIOALE This subject is very important for chemical engineering students because every chemical industry use heat transfer equipment like heat exchanger, condenser evaporators etc., so knowledge of this subject helps them a lot. COTETS 1.
Radiation: 1.1 Absorption, Reflection and Transmission 1.2 Radiant energy distribution curve 1.3 Emissive power 1.4 Black body & White body 1.5 Grey body 1.6 Kirchoff's law 1.7 Planck's law 1.8 Stefan-Boltzmann law 1.9 Wein’s displacement law 1.8 Radiosity
2.
Extended Surface Equipment: 2.1 Types 2.2 Uses 2.3 Fin efficiency 2.4 Calculation for extended surface exchangers
3.
Condensation: 3.1 Drop wise and film type condensation 3.2 Coefficient for film type condensation on vertical and horizontal surfaces 3.3 Condensation of superheated vapours 3.4 Effect of non-condensable gases on rate of condensation 3.5 Simple numerical problems
4.
Condensers: 4.1 Classification 4.2 Constructional details and working of 4.2.1 Shell and tube condenser, 4.2.2 Contact condenser 4.2.2.1 Spray condenses 4.2.2.2 Jet condenser 4.2.2.3 Barometric condenser, 4.3 Enthalpy balances in condenser.
5.
Evaporation and evaporators: 5.1 Single and multiple effect evaporation 5.2 Capacity and economy 5.3 Boiling point elevation
5.4
5.5 5.6 5.7 6.
Constructional details and working of 5.4.1 Agitated film evaporators 5.4.2 Long tube evaporators 5.4.3 Short tube evaporators 5.4.4 Forced circulation evaporators 5.4.5 Upward flow evaporators 5.4.6 Downward flow evaporators Enthalpy balance for single and multiple effect evaporators. Feeding arrangements in multiple effect evaporators Evaporator accessories
Boiling : 6.1 The boiling phenomena 6.2 Hysteresis in the boiling curve 6.3 Nucleate boiling 6.3.1 Homogeneous nucleation 6.3.2 Heterogeneous nucleation 6.4 Forced convection boiling in a vertical tube
PRACTICALS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
To study heat transfer through pin-fin apparatus To study Stefan-Boltzmann law To study emissivity experiment To study single effect evaporation To study double effect evaporation To study triple effect evaporation To study open pan evaporator To study condensation in vertical condenser
REFERECE BOOKS : 1. Heat Transfer 2. Unit Operation in Chemical Engg. 3. Introduction to Chemical Engg.
D.Q. Kern. Mc Cabe & Smith. Badger & Banchoro *****
OPERATIOS OF MASS TRASFER CODE CP 302 CH302
L 2
T --
P 2
RATIOALE It is major unit operations of chemical engineering and covers many operations like absorption, drying, crystallization etc. COTETS 1.
Diffusion : 1.1 Fick's law 1.2 Diffusion of A through non-diffusing B 1.3 Equimolecuar counter diffusion
2.
Absorption : 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Importance 2.3 Chemical and physical absorption 2.4 Mechanism of absorption-two film theory 2.5 Diffusion of gases through a stagnant gas 2.6 Diffusion in the liquid phase 2.7 Rate of absorption 2.8 Relation between film and overall coefficient 2.9 Factors influencing the transfer coefficient 2.10 Gas absorption equipments 2.10.1 Plate and packed column 2.10.2 Spray towers 2.11 Choice of solvent for absorption 2.12 Height of transfer unit (HTU), Number of transfer units (NTU), meaning and their relationship. (Simple numerical problems)
3.
Extraction : 3.1 Introduction and importance 3.2 Single stage extraction 3.3 Agitated vessel and emulsion settlers 3.4 Use of triangular diagram, tie line, plait point 3.5 Determination of number of stages
4.
Drying : 4.1 General principles of drying operations 4.2 Mechanism of drying 4.3 Rate of drying 4.3.1 Constant rate period 4.3.2 Falling rate period 4.3.3 Second falling rate period 4.4 Time for drying 4.5 Constructional details and working of various types of dryers 4.5.1 Tray dryers 4.5.2 Drum dryers
4.5.3 4.5.4 4.5.5 4.5.6
Rotary dryers Spray dryers fluid bed dryer thin film dryer
5.
Crystallisation : 5.1 Growth and properties of crystals 5.2 Super saturation 5.3 Crystallisation rate 5.4 Effect of impurities on crystal formation 5.5 Effect of temperature on solubility 5.6 Batch crystalliser - Tank 5.7 Continuous crystallisation 5.7.1 Swenson walker 5.7.2 Oslo type
6.
Ion Exchange: 6.1 Principles of ion exchange 6.2 Techniques and application 6.3 Rate of ion exchange PRACTICALS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Study of absorption in packed column. To study loading and flooding in packed column. Study of rotary dryers. To draw instrumentation scheme of dryer Operation of spray dryer Batch drying of solid materials in tray dryer. To crystallise a given hot saturated solution in a batch crystalliser
REFERECE BOOKS : 1. 2. 3. 4.
Mass Transfer Operation Chemical Engineering Vol. II Unit Operation of Chemical Engg. Introduction to Chemical Engg.
Trybel. Richardson & Coluson. Mc Cabe & Smith. Badger & Bancher *****
CHEMICAL EGIEERIG THERMODYAMICS CODE CP 303 CH 303
L 2
T P 2 --
RATIOALE This subject is very useful for solving energy-related problems with the help of thermodynamics law. COTETS 1.
Introduction: 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
2.
First Law of Thermodynamics: 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8
3.
Ideal gas equation Isothermal, Isometric, Isobaric, Adiabatic and polytropic processes Calculation of work, heat and change in Internal energy for these processes.
P.V.T. Relations: 4.1 4.2 4.3
5.
Statement of First Law First law for steady - state flow process Internal energy, enthalpy and entropy of system Specific heat at constant pressure and volume Equations for E, S and H in terms of P,V and T Reversible processes Definition of work and heat Simple numerical problems
Ideal Gas: 3.1 3.2 3.3
4.
Definition Scope and limitations of thermodynamics Thermodynamic functions and properties Thermodynamic system and equilibrium Zeroth law of thermodynamics
Equation of state for gases Compression factor Calculation of molar volume of mixture of gases by following methods 4.3.1 Ideal gas equation 4.3.2 Dalton's law 4.3.3 Amagat's law 4.3.4 Pseudocirtical method 4.3.5 Vander waal's equation
Heat Effects: 5.1 5.2 5.3
Effect of temperature on heat capacities of liquid and gases Standard heat of Reaction Standard heat of formations
5.4 5.5 5.6 6.
Second Law of Thermodynamics: 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5
7.
Statement The heat Engine and heat Pump Carnot cycle Concept of increase of Entropy Relationship among thermodynamic properties for single phase and two-phase regions
Third Law of Thermodynamics: 7.1 7.2
8.
Standard heat of combustion Simple numerical problems Hess Law
Statement Applications
Free Energy Function : 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4
Purpose of new function Properties of Helmholtz free energy Properties of gibbs free energy Temperature dependency of free energy
REFERECE BOOKS : 1. Chemical Engg. Thermodynamics 2. Chemical Engg. Thermodynamics 3. Chemical Engg. Thermodynamics
Pandey & Choudhry Vanness & Smith Mishra & Rastogi. *****
PETROLEUM REFIIG - II CODE CP 304
L 2
T 1
P --
RATIOALE
This subject is very relevant to the title of the course. The object of this paper is to expose the students to the intricate operational and engineering aspects of petroleum refining in detail. Student I shall deal with topic like origin, reserves, exploration, composition, classification and blending of raw stock; characterization and evaluation of crude end products with "introduction to processing", "classification of refineries", "refining operations", "conversion process" and "corrosion control". CONTENTS 1.
Thermal and Catalytical Processes : 1.1 Cracking 1.2 Catalytic cracking 1.3 Catalytic reforming 1.4 Naptha cracking 1.5 Coking 1.6 Hydrogen processes 1.7 Alkylation process 1.8 Isomerization process 1.9 Polymer Gasline
2.
Asphalt Technology : 2.1 Source of Asphalt 2.2 Air Blowing of Bitumen 2.3 Upgration of heavy crude
3.
Blending and Compounding : 3.1 Gasoline blending 3.2 Methods and equipments 3.3 Compounding of lube oils 3.4 Containers
REFERECE BOOKS : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Petroleum Refinery Engg. Chemical Technology of Petroleum Petroleum Processing Chemical from Petroleum Americal Petroleum Refining
Nelson W.L. Gruee & Stevens Henstebeck, R.J. Waddams, A.I. H.S. Bell *****
IDUSTRIAL SAFETY AD EVIROMETAL EGIEERIG CODE CP 305 CH 305
L 2
T 1
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RATIOALE A technician must have the knowledge of different types of pollution caused due to industrialsation so that he may help in balancing the eco-system and control the pollution by means of control devices. The technician must know various types of accidents, which occur in process Industries and know to safe guard them to avoid injury to men and material. The content of the subject has been developed to meet the above needs. COTETS 1. Introduction : 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
2.
Air Pollution : 2.1 2.2 2.3
3.
Types of air pollution their sources and their harmful effect. Green house effect Air pollution control equipment 2.3.1 Settling chambers 2.3.2 Cyclones 2.3.3 Scrubbers (dry and wet) 2.3.4 Multiclones 2.3.5 Electro Static Precipitation (ESP) 2.3.6 Bag filters 2.3.7 Control of oxides and nitrogen and sulfur gases 2.3.8 Ambient air quality measurement 2.3.8.1 Sampling and their standards
Water Pollution : 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5
4.
Environment Pollution Ecology Pollution and its effect on Ecological balance Classification of pollution (Land, Water, Air, Noise, Radioactive) Character and origin of various process industries waste like fertilizer, Cement, Chlor-Alkali, paper, leather, Glass, Petroleum refinery etc.
Water pollution Standards for drinking water Waste water (domestic and industrial) Methods of measurement of various parameter like BOD, SS, pH, COD, TDS etc. Methods of treatment of industrial waste water 3.5.1 Chemical treatment 3.5.2 Physico chemical treatment 3.5.3 Bio-chemical treatment 3.5.4 Any other advance treatment
oise Pollution : 4.1 General 4.2 The concept of sound
4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 5.
Radio Active Pollution : 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5
6.
Introduction Sources of nuclear waste Types of nuclear waste Effect of Radiation Abatement procedures and controlling measures
Solid Waste Management : 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4
7.
Measurement of sound Acoustic Environment Effects of noise Noise control
solid waste characterization and classification, reductions reuse and recycling physical and chemical treatment methods
Safety Practices : 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5
General safety rules and regulation Safety during manufacturing processes like welding, grinding, handling of chemicals etc. Fire extinguishers Safety symbols and colours codes Safety of electrical installation and general electrical safety practices.
REFERECE BOOKS : 1. 2. 3.
Waste Supply, Waste Disposal & Environments Engg Environmental Pollution Control Environmental Engg.
A. K. Chatterjee, Khanna Pub. S. Lal, Nav Bharat Prakashan Pub. Peavy H S & others *****
PETROLEUM EXPLORATIO EGIEERIG CODE CP 306
L 2
T 1
P --
RATIOALE The purpose of this subject is to summarize and to correlate all the activities involved in petroleum exploration. COTETS 1.
Introduction : 1.1 1.2
2.
Drilling : 2.1 2.2 2.3
3.
Classification of wells Drilling objectives Risks of failure in drilling
Petroleum Reservoir and Potential Resources : 3.1 3.2 3.3
4.
Purpose of exploration Obligation of exploration
Surface petroleum indications Metals associated with petroleum and petroliferous sediment Deposition environment
Planning Exploration Project : 4.1 4.2
Steps for planning exploration project Research work for exploration project
REFERECE BOOKS : 1. Petroleum Exploration HandbookGraham 2. A Geology for Engineering 3. Petroleum Handbook
B. Moody, Editor F.G.H. Blyth, Edward Arnold, Pub. Ltd. Lundon Davidson *****
PROCESS EQUIPMET DESIG AD PLAT UTILITIES CODE CP 307 CH 307
L 2
T 2
P --
RATIOALE A chemical engineer is one who creates new utility, new products at a cheaper rate. Economics plays very important role in engg. by knowledge of process equipments products of marketable quantity and quality economically. COTETS 1.
Drawing of the following : 1.1 Chemical equipments 1.2 Process Instrument symbols 1.3 Colour codes
2.
Design and Drawing of the following: 2.1 Distillation tower- Plate type only (no. of plates, Diameter, Height, Steam and Water requirements) 2.2 Heat exchanger (Double pipe and Shell and tube type, no. of tubes, no. of passes and length of 1-1 and 1-2 pass). 2.3 Evaporator 2.3.1 Single, double and triple effect with forward and backward feeding. 2.4 Design of packed absorption column - height and diameter calculation.
3.
Process Design Development: 3.1 Types of design 3.2 Feasibility survey 3.3 Factors for detailed estimate design 3.4 Flow diagram
4.
Optimization : 4.1 Cost estimation 4.2 Factors affecting profitability of investment 4.3 Optimum design
5.
Water : 5.1 Row water storage and treatment , 5.2 Treatment of water,soft water and DMwater, 5.3 Cooling water system, 5.4 Fire water system REFERECE BOOKS : 1. Unit Operations of Chemical Engg. 2. Fundamentals of Heat Transfer & Mass Transfer 3. Chemical Engg. Vol. I, II, IV & V 4. Process Heat Transfer 5. Wangham D.A., Theory and practice of Heat engine, University Press, 1970. 6. Lyle O. Efficient Use of Steam, 1963
Mc Cabe & Smith G.K. Roy Richardson & Coulson D.Q. Karn ELBS Cambridge
7.
Thermal Environmental Engineering, Prentice Hall, 1970. *****
Thiked J.K.
ISTRUMETATIO AD PROCESS COTROL CODE CP 308 CH 308
L T P 2 -- 2 RATIOALE
Instrumentation is the heart of chemical industries to check parameters like pressure, temperature, flow level, composition etc. without using instrument we cannot talk about the quality of the products. Instrumentation not only covers monitoring but also controls the process parameters with increased automation in order to utilise optimum resources. COTETS 1.
Introduction : 1.1 1.2 1.3
2.
Temperature : 2.1
2.2 3.
Instrumentation and its importance to chemical industries Important process parameters required to be measured in chemical industry. Importance of process control.
Different scales and conversions, brief construction and measurement of temperature by 2.1.1 Thermocouples 2.1.2 Resistance thermometers 2.1.3 Pyrometers 2.1.4 Bimetallic thermometers 2.1.5 Liquid in glass thermometer Criteria of selection of thermometer for a particular measurement
Pressure : 3.1 3.2
Definition of absolute pressure, gauge pressure and differential pressure Pressure measurement by – 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3
4.
Flow Measurement : 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
5.
Manometers Elastic deformation element Strain gauge
Orifice meter Venturimeter Pitot tubes Rotameter
Level Measurement : 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5
Float gauges Mercury manometers Bubbler system Diaphragm method Differential pressure manometer
6.
Chemical Composition Measurement: 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4
7.
Indicating and Recording Instrument in General: 7.1 7.2
8.
Constructional detail and working of circular chart and strip chart recorders Different types of panels and their relative merits and demerits
Transmission: 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4
9.
pH meter Mass spectroscopy Gas analysis by thermal conductivities Measurement of moisture
Pneumatic transmission Electrical transmission Hydraulic transmission Fields of applications of above transmission
Process Control: 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5
Closed & Open loop system Factors affecting control system Different types of control actions - their merits and demerits Process dynamic response of system Function of an automatic controller PRACTICALS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10 11.
Study of resistance thermometer and measurement of temperature with it. Study of thermistor and measurement of temperature with it. Study of constructional details of a pressure gauge with Bourden's tube. Measurement of pressure by manometer Study of constructional details of circular chart recorder. Study of constructional details of strip chart recorder. Study of on - off controller for temperature control. Study of working of different types of control valves. Realization of P control in a control system. Realization of P+I control in a control system Realization of P+I+D control in a control system.
REFERECE BOOKS : 1. Industrial Instrumentation 2. Instrumentation 3. Instrumentation 4. Instrumentation and Process Control
Denold Eckman R.K. Jain E.B. John. Coughnowr & Koppel
*****
PROCESS TESTIG AD MATERIAL SCIECE CODE CP309 CH309
L 2
T --
P 2
RATIOALE This subject is useful to work in quality control department of an industry by testing various materials with the help of different types of instruments covered in this syllabus. COTETS 1. Definition and Significance: 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 2.
Principles, Construction and Methods of Measurement: 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12
3.
Refractrometer Polarimeter pH meter Abel's apparatus P.Martins apparatus Softening point apparatus Penetrometer Turbidity meter Bomb calorimeter Redwood viscometer Orsat apparatus Pour point apparatus
Analysis of Fuel : 3.1 3.2
4.
Refractive Index Angle of polarisation pH value Calorific value Flash point Fire point Viscosity Softening point Turbidity Equilibrium moisture Bound and free moisture Cloud and pour point Saponification number Volatility
Proximate and ultimate analysis of coal Composition of gaseous fuels
Water Treatment : 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8
Source of water Impurities of water Hardness of water Disadvantages of hard water in various fields Scale and sludge formation in boilers and their prevention Zeolite process BOD - its definitions and its significance COD - its definitions and its significance
5.
Engineering Materials: 5.1 5.2 5.3
6.
Properties of Engineering Materials: 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4
7.
Mechanical properties Thermal properties Chemical properties Physical properties
Heat Treatment Processes: 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4
8.
Material classification Engineering requirements of materials Selection of materials for engineering design
Definition Classification of heat treatment processes Purpose of heat treatment Principles of heat treatment
Corrosion: 8.1 introductions 8.2 factors affecting corrosion 8.3 types PRACTICALS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
To determine the refractive index of given sample by Abbe Refractometer To determine the angle of polarisation of a given sample by polarimeter and calculation of specific rotation To determine the pH value of water by pH meter To determine the calorific value of gas fuel by Junker's gas calorimeter To determine the flash point of given sample by Abbel's apparatus To determine the flash point and fire point of given sample by P. Martens apparatus To determine the viscosity of given sample by Red wood viscometer No. 1 and No.2. To determine the softening point of given sample by softening point apparatus. To measure the temperature of radiating hot source by optical pyrometer To measure the turbidity of water by Jackson turbidity meter To measure the turbidity of water by Digital electronic turbidity meter To determine the moisture content of a given sample by universal moisture meter. To measure moisture content of a given sample by Infrared moisture balance. To determine the penetration in a given sample by Penetrometer To determine the calorific value of a given solid sample by Bomb calorimeter To determine the pH of a given water sample with the help of Digital electronic pH meter. To measure dissolved oxygen in given water sample with the help of water testing field kit. To determine BOD and COD in a given sample of water
REFERECE BOOKS : 1. Chemistry of Engineering Materials 2. Handbook of Technical Analysis
C.V. Aggarwal. S.K. Benerjee & Rastogi. *****
MAAGEMET & ETREPREEURSHIP CODE CH 310 Common to all branches except CC/CE/CS/EE/
IT/MA/MR
L 2
T 1
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RATIOALE
To achieve the target and goals in an organisation it is essential to co-ordinate the entire system. For this purpose the knowledge of principles of management, human resources development, material management and financial management is required. Entrepreneurship will introduce the students about how to set up a small-scale industry. The subject includes the procedure for how to select, proceed and start the SSI, which also involves a concrete market survey report and project formulation. COTETS 1.
Principles of Management : 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7
2.
Human Resources Development : 2.1 2.2
3.
Introduction, object and functions of human resource development department Recruitment, sources and methods of selection, need for effective training, method of training, duties of supervisor / Formen, Role of HRD in industries.
Wages and Incentives : 3.1 3.2
4.
Management, administration and organisation, difference between them. Scientific management : Meaning, characteristics, object and advantage : Taylor's scientific management – Fayol’s principles of management, functions of management Types of ownership, sole trading, partnership, joint stock, co-operative and public enterprise Types of organisation, different types and their charts. Importance of human relation professional ethics Need for leadership, leadership qualities Motivation
Definition and requirements of a good wage system methods of wage payment Wage incentives - type of incentive, difference in wage incentive and bonus. incentive to supervisor.
Material Management : 4.1
4.2
4.3
Purchasing Functions and duties of purchase department organisation of purchase department, methods of purchasing, purchase order contracts, legality of contracts types of contracts i.e. piece work contract, lumpsum contract, item rate contract, percentage contract, merits and limitation of each contract system, departmental execution of works, rate contract - D.G.S & D and C.S.P.O. tender, necessity, types of tenders, tendering procedure, earnest money and security money Store and store keeping : Functions and duties of store department, location and layout of store, bin cards, store ledger, receipt and issue procedure of materials, physical verification of stores, disposal method of unserviceable articles and protection of stores. Sales : function and duties of sales department sales promotion advertisement service after sales.
5.
Financial Management : 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4
6.
Marketing Management : 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4
7.
Concept of Marketing Problems of Marketing Pricing policy Distribution channels and methods of marketing
Entrepreneurship : 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6
8.
Function and duties of finance department Brief idea of journal, ledger, trial balance, trading account, profit and loss account, balance sheet. Cheques (crossed and bearer ), draft, promissory note, letter of credit, brief idea of cost accounting. Numerical problems.
Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneur Need of Employment and Opportunities. Essential Characteristics of a good Entrepreneur Industrial Policy. Classification of industries- Tiny, small scale , Medium scale, Large scale, Handicraft, Ancillary Type of industries- Production, Job based & Service
Entrepreneurial Development : 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5
Product identification/ selection Site selection Plant layout Institutional support needed Pre-market survey
9.
Entrepreneurship Support System: 9.1 Role of District Industries Centre in setting up industry 9.2 Function of NSIC, SISI, NISIET, NRDC, SSIC, SIDO, NMTC, KVIC, RSMML. 9.3 Role of state finance corporation, state electricity corporations, pollution control board, BIS, I.S.O. etc.
10.
Setting up SSI : 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6
Registration of SSI Allotment of land by RIICO Preparation of project report Structure of organisation Building construction Establishment of machines
11.
Tax System and Insurance : 11.1 11.2
12.
Financial Sources for SSI : 12.1 12.2 12.3
13.
Industrial acts : factory act 1948 Workmen's compensation act 1923 Apprentices act 1961 Water pollution contract act 1974 and 1981 Air pollution contract act 1981 Environmental protection act 1986 Forest (animal conservation act 1972) Pollution control provisions in motor vehicle act.
Project Report : 14.1 14.2 14.3
15.
Various institutions providing loans for industries Various types of loans Subsidies
Labour Legislation and Pollution Control Acts : 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8
14.
Idea of income tax, sales tax, excise duty and custom duty Industrial and fire insurance, procedure for industrial insurance.
Procedure of preparing a project report Format of project report Preparation of project report for some SSI items
ISO : 9000 Series of Quality System : 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5
Definition of few important terms related to ISO quality system Various models for quality assurance in ISO : 9000 series Various elements of ISO : 9001 model (20 points) Benefits by becoming an ISO : 9000 company Introduction to total quality management (TQM)
REFERECE BOOKS : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Industrial Management Industrial Engg. & Management Industrial Engg. & Management Hand Book of Small Scale Industry Hand Book on Entrepreneurship Development Entrepreneurial Development Statistical Quality Control ISO : 9000 Quality System *****
V.K. Sharma & O.P. Harkut O.P. Khanana T.R. Banga P.M. Bhandari O.P. Harkut S.S. Khanka Mahohar Mahajan S. Dalela
