izkn'kZ iz'u i= 2011 fo"k; & okf.kT; lewg d{kk & ckjgoha O;kolkf;d v/;;u Business Studies

le;& 3 ?kaVs Time- 3 Hours

iw.kkZad& 100 Maximum Mark – 100

funsZ'k& i. lHkh iz'u vfuok;Z gSA ii. iz'u i= esa fn;s x;s funsZ'k lko/kkuh iwoZd i<+dj mRrj fyf[k,A iii. [k.M v esa fn;s x;s iz'u 1 ls 5 rd oLrqfu"B iz'u gS ftuds vUrxZr fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ] lR;@vlR;] lgh tksM+h cukuk] ,d okD; esa mRrj rFkk lgh fodYi dk p;u djuk gSA izR;sd iz'u 5 vad dk gSA 1x5= 5x5 = 25 vad iv. [k.M c esa iz'u Øekad 6 ls 20 rd esa vkUrfjd fodYi fn;s x;s gSA v. iz'u Øekad 6 ls 10 rd izR;sd iz'u ds fy, 4 vad ,oa iz'uksa ds mRrj yxHkx 75 'kCnksa esa fy[kuk gSA vi. iz'u Øekad 11 ls 15 rd izR;sd iz'u ds fy, 5 vad ,oa iz'uksa ds mRrj yxHkx 120 'kCnksa esa fy[kuk gSA vii. iz'u Øekad 16 ls 20 rd esa izR;sd iz'u ij 6 vad ,oa iz'uksa ds mRrj yxHkx 150 'kCnksa esa fy[kuk gSA Instructions – i. All question are compulsory. ii. Please the instructions carefully before writing the answer. iii. In section A Q. No. 1 to 5 are objective type which contain fill up the Blank, True/False, match the column, one sentence answer and choose the correct answers. Each question is allotted 5 marks. 1x1 = 5x5 =25 Marks. iv. Internal options are given in Q. No. 6 to 20 in section B. v. Q. No. 6 to 10 carry 4 marks each and answer should be given in about 75 words. vi. Q. No. 11 to 15 carry 5 marks each and answer should be given in about 120 words. Q. No. 16 to 20 carry 6 marks each and answer should be given in about 150 words. 1

iz'u 1-

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,A ¼i½

izca/k dk izFke dk;Z-----------------gSA

¼ii½

oS’ohdj.k dk vFkZ -------------------gSA

¼iii½

laLFkkuksa esa HkrhZ ds-------------------L=ksr gksrs gSA

¼iv½

nh?kZ dkyhu iwath dh ek=k dk fu/kkZj.k---------------dgykrk gSA

¼v½

,u-bZ-,l-bZ- ,d----------------------Lrj dk cktkj gSA

Fill in the blanks.

iz'u 2-

(i)

The first function of management is……………

(ii)

Globalization signifies …………

(iii)

There are...............sources of recruitment in an enterprises.

(iv)

Quantity of long term capital is represented by............

(v)

NESE is..........stage market stage.

,d 'kCn esa mRrj fyf[k,A 1- O;olk; dh uhfr;ksa dk fu/kkZj.k fdlds }kjk fd;k tkrk gS\ 2- Vsyj ds v/;;u dk dsUnz fcUnq FkkA 3- p;u izfØ;k dk vfUre pj.k D;k gS\ 4- =qfV;ksa rFkk detksfj;ksa dk irk fdl izfØ;k }kjk yxk;k tkrk gS\ 5- Øsrk dh vkfFkZd n’kk tkuus ds fy;s foØsrk }kjk dkSu lk i= fy[kk tkrk gS\ Write the Answer in one word/one sentence each. 1.

Who determines and makes the policies of business?

2.

Taylor's center of study was?

3.

What is the last stage of selection?

4.

Which process helps to point out weaknesses and errors?

5.

To know the financial position of Purchaser a letter is written called?

2

iz'u 3-

fuEufyf[kr dk lR; ,oa vlR; esa mRrj nhft, & ¼i½

mnkjhdj.k o Hkwe.Myh; ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr 1991 dh nsu gSA

¼ii½

'kS{kf.kd laLFkkvksa ds fy;s fu;kstu egRoiw.kZ ugha gSA

¼iii½

fu;a=.k ,d lq/kkjkRed izfØ;k gSA

¼iv½

fu[kZ i= dks Hkkoksa dh iwNrkN ds i= ds igys fy[kk tkrk gSA

¼v½

vf/kdkjksa dk gLrkarj.k dsUnzh;dj.k dgykrk gSA

Answer the following in true or false. (i)

Globalization and Liberalization came in to existence due to new Economics policy 1991.

iz'u 4-

(ii)

Planning is not important for Educational institutions.

(iii)

Control is a corrective action.

(iv)

Quotation letter is written before letter of enquiry.

(v)

Delegation of Authority is called centralization.

fuEufyf[kr ds lgh tksfM+;ka cukb;s& v

&

c

¼v½

lsoh dk dk;Z

&

dk;Z’khy iwath

¼c½

LFkkbZ iwath dk feJ.k

&

okf.kT;d fcy

¼l½

iwath lajpuk esa fdls 'kkfey ugha djrs& Vsyj

¼n½

eqnzk cktkj dh izfrHkwfr

&

fodklkRed dk;Z

¼b½

oSKkfud izca/k ds tud

&

iwath lajpuk

Match the correct pairs. A

-B

(a)

SEBI's function

- Working Capital

(b)

Mixtrue of fixed Capital

- Commercial Bill

(c)

What not the included in Capital Structure

- Tyler

(d)

Securities of money market

- Developmental Function

(e)

Father of Scientific management

- Capital structure. 3

iz'u 5-

fuEufyf[kr esa ls lgh fodYi pqfu;s & ¼v½

¼c½

¼l½

¼n½

¼b½

fu;kstu fdl izdkj dh izfØ;k gS & ¼i½ 'kkjhfjd

¼ii½ vk/;kfRed

¼iii½ /kkfeZd

¼iv½ ckSf)d

jkstxkj dk;kZy; fdl izdkj dh HkrhZ dk L=ksr gS & ¼i½ vkarfjd

¼ii½ ckg~;

¼iii½ vkarfjd o ckg~;

¼iv½ buesa ls dksbZ ughaA

fu;a=.k laacaf/kr gS & ¼i½ ifj.kke ls

¼ii½ dk;Z ls

¼iii½ iz;kl ls

¼iv½ mi;qZDr lHkhA

,d vPNs O;kikfjd i= dks xq.k ugha gksrk gS & ¼i½ Li"Vrk

¼ii½ uezrk

¼iii½ o.kZukRedrk

¼iv½ ;FkkFkZrk

^fu;kstu Hkfo"; ds fy;s cuk;k x;k fiatjk gS* fdlus dgk gS & ¼i½ Vsyj us

¼ii½ Qs;ksy us

¼iii½ tktZ Vsjh

¼iv½ ,syu us

Choose the correct alternative. (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Planning is which type of activity (i) Physical

(ii) Social

(iii) Religious

(iv) Intellectual

Employment exchange is which type of source of recruitment (i) Internal

(ii) External

(iii) Internal & External

(iv) None of the above.

Control is related with (i) Result

(ii) Work

(iii) Effects

(iv) All the above.

It is not the characteristics of good commercial letter (i) Clearness

(ii) Courtesy 4

(iii) Descriptiveness (e)

iz'u 6-

(iv) Correctness

Who said "Planning is a case kept to get future (i) Tylor

(ii) Fayol

(iii) George terry

(iv) Allen

laxBu izfØ;k dks le>kb;s\ Explain the process of organization?

vFkok Or

laxBu ds mn~ns’; fyf[k,\ ¼dksbZ pkj½ Write the objectives of organization? (Any four).

iz'u 7-

vkSipkfjd laxBu ds xq.k fyf[k,\ Discuss the merits of formal organization?

vFkok Or

vkn'kZ laxBu dh vko’;drkvksa dks le>kb;sA Discuss the need of a Ideal organization.

iz'u 8-

funsZ’ku ds fl)karksa dk o.kZu dhft,\ Describe the principals of the Directions?

vFkok Or

izHkkoh usrk ds pkj xq.kksa dk o.kZu dhft,\ Discuss any four qualities of a good leader?

iz'u 9-

ekSfnzd izsj.kkvksa ds pkj izdkj fyf[k,\ Write four types of monetary incentives?

5

vFkok Or

ekSf[kd lEizs"k.k ,oa fyf[kr lEizs"k.k esa vUrj fyf[k,\ Write the difference between verbal and written communication?

iz'u 10-

vfriwathdj.k ls vki D;k le>rs gS\ What is over capitalization?

vFkok Or

LFkkbZ iwath dh ek=k dks fu/kkZfjr djus okys rRoksa dk mYys[k dhft,A State the determination factors of fixed Capital.

iz'u 11-

fu;kstu dh lhekvksa dk o.kZu dhft,\ Describe the Limitation of Planning.

vFkok Or

fu;kstu dh izfØ;k ds fofHkUu pj.kksa dks le>kb;s\ Describe the Steps of Planning.

iz'u 12-

p;u ds ikap fl)karksa dks crkb;s\ Explain any five principles of Selection.

vFkok Or

HkrhZ ,oa p;u esa varj crkb;s\ Difference between the selection and recruitment.

iz'u 13-

Js"B fu;a=.k O;oLFkk dh dksbZ ikap fo’ks"krkvksa dk mYys[k dhft,A Discuss any five characteristics of Best controller system.

6

vFkok Or

fu;kstu rFkk fu;a=.k esas laca/k crkb;s\ Explain the relationship between planning and control.

iz'u 14-

eqnzk cktkj ,oa iwath cktkj esa varj fyf[k,\ Difference between money market and capital market.

vFkok Or

LdU/k foif.k ds dk;Z fyf[k,\ Write the functions of stock exchange.

iz'u 15-

O;kikfjd i=ksa ds izeq[k dk;ksZa dk o.kZu dhft,\ Describe the function of business letter.

vFkok Or

rxkns dk vfUre i= fyf[k,A ftlesa lDlsuk cqd fMiks] Xokfy;j dh vksj ls ';ke cznlZ eqjSuk dks 7000 :i;s cdk;k dss fy;s rxknk fd;k x;k gksA Write a last dunning letter to Shyam Brothers Morena for payment of 7000 Rs. on behalf of Saxena Book Depat. Gwalior.

iz'u 16-

izca/k ,oa iz’kklu esa dksbZ N% varj fyf[k,\ Write any six differentiate between Management and Administration?

vFkok Or

izca/k dyk ,oa foKku nksuksa gSA Li"V dhft,\ Explain ''Management is both Science and Art.''

7

iz'u 17-

gsujh Qs;ksy }kjk izfrikfnr izca/k ds fl)karksa dks le>kb;sA Explain six principles of management by Fayol.

vFkok Or

oSKkfud izca/k dk Jfedksa }kjk fojks/k D;ksa fd;k tkrk gS dksbZ N% dkj.k fyf[k,\ Why is the principles of Scientific Management opposed by labouress? Give any six reasons.

iz'u 18-

oS’ohdj.k dk O;olk; rFkk m|ksx ij D;k izHkko iM+rk gS\ ¼dksbZ rhu½ State the effect of Globalization on Business and Industry. (Any three).

vFkok Or

O;kolkf;d okrkoj.k ds egRo dks le>kb;s\ Describe the Importance of Business Environment.

iz'u 19-

foKkiu ek/;e dk pquko djrs le; fdu&fdu ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg,\ Describe the factors to be considered while selecting a medium of advertisement.

vFkok Or

,d vPNs iSdsftax ds mn~ns’; fyf[k,A Write the objectives of good packaging?

iz'u 20-

miHkksDrk laj{k.k ds egRo dks le>kb;s\ Explain the Importance of Consumer Protection.

8

vFkok Or

miHkksDrk ds vf/kdkjksa dks Li"V dhft,A Explain the Right of Consumer.

&&&&&&

9

vkn'kZ mRrj

fo"k; & okf.kT; lewg d{kk & ckjgoha O;kolkf;d v/;;u Business Studies

oLrqfu"B iz'uksa ds mRrj & mRrj 1-

fjDr LFkku & ¼i½

fu;kstuA

¼ii½

fo’o dh fofHkUu vFkZO;oLFkk dk ,dhdj.kA

¼iii½

2

¼iv½

iwathdj.k

¼v½

lqlaxfBr

¼izR;sd lgh ij 1 vad dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 2-

,d 'kCn esa mRrj & 1- O;olk; dh uhfr;ksa dk fu/kkZj.k iz’kklu }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA 2- Vsyj ds v/;;u dk dsUnz fcUnq Jfed FkkA 3- p;u izfØ;k dk vfUre pj.k fu;qfDr gSA 4- =qfV;ksa rFkk detksfj;ksa dk irk fu;a=.k izfØ;k }kjk yxk;k tkrk gSA 5- Øsrk dh vkfFkZd n’kk tkuus ds fy;s foØsrk }kjk lanHkZ i= fy[kk tkrk gSA ¼izR;sd lgh ij 1 vad dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½

mRrj 3-

lR;@vlR; & ¼i½

lR; 10

¼ii½

vlR;

¼iii½

lR;

¼iv½

vlR;

¼v½

vlR;

¼izR;sd lgh ij 1 vad dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 4-

lgh tksfM;ka & v

&

c

¼v½

lsoh dk dk;Z

&

fodklkRed dk;Z

¼c½

LFkkbZ iwath dk feJ.k

&

iwath lajpuk

¼l½

iwath lajpuk esa fdls 'kkfey ugha djrs& dk;Z’khy iwath

¼n½

eqnzk cktkj dh izfrHkwfr

&

okf.kT;d fcy

¼b½

oSKkfud izca/k ds tud

&

Vsyj

¼izR;sd lgh ij 1 vad dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 5-

lgh mRrj & ¼v½

¼iv½ ckSf)dA

¼c½

¼ii½ ckg~;A

¼l½

¼iv½ mi;qZDr lHkh lsA

¼n½

¼iii½ o.kkZRedrkA

¼b½

¼iv½ ,syu us

¼izR;sd lgh ij 1 va vad dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 6-

laxBu izfØ;k & 1- mn~ns’;ksa dh LFkkiukA 2- dk;ksZa dk fu/kkZj.k ,d foHkktuA 11

3- fØ;kvksa dk oxhZdj.kA 4- dk;Z foHkktuA 5- vf/kdkjksa dks lkSaiukA 6- leUo; larqyuA ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkIr gksaxs½ vFkok laxBu ds mn~ns’; %& 1- U;wure ykxr ij vf/kdre mRiknuA 2- Je rFkk le; esa ferO;f;rkA 3- Je ,oa iwath esa e/kqj laca/kA 4- Lksok HkkoukA ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 7-

vkSipkfjd laxBu ds xq.k %& 1- vf/kdkj drZO; ,oa nkf;Ro Li"V gksukA 2- mn~ns’; dh izkfIr esa ljyrkA 3- fu"i{krkA 4- VkyeVksy dh Hkkouk dh lekfIrA 5- dk;Z dk nksgjkc ughaA ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkIr gksaxs½ vFkok vkn’kZ laxBu dh fo’ks"krk,a %& 1- Li"V vf/kdkj gksukA 2- mRrjnkf;Ro Li"VA 12

3- dk;Z dk lewghdj.kA 4- mn~ns’;ksa ds izfr ltxrkA ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dq dqy 4 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 8-

funsZ’ku ds fl)kar %& 1- vf/kdre ;ksxnku dk fl)karA 2- vkns’k dh ,drk dk fl)karA 3- lEizs"k.k dh Li"Vrk dk fl)karA 4- usRr`Ro dk fl)karA ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkIr gksaxs½ vFkok izHkkoh usrk ds xq.k %& 1- fu.kZ; ysus esa lqn`<+rkA 2- ekufld {kerkA 3- xq.k xzkg;rkA 4- mRre LokLF;A ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkIr gksaxs½

mRrj 9-

ekSfnzd izsj.kk ds pkj izdkj %& 1- osru ,oa etnwjhA 2- egaxkbZ HkRrk dk HkqxrkuA 3- cksulA 4- vfrfjDr le; dk osruA ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkIr gksaxs½ 13

vFkok ekSf[kd lEizs"k.k ,oa fyf[kr lEizs"k.k esa vUrj & Ø-

varj dk vk/kkj

ekSf[kd lEizs"k.k

fyf[kr lEizs"k.k

1

O;Dr

'kCnksa }kjk cksydj O;DrA

fyf[kr :i esa O;DrA

2

xksiuh;rk

blesa lans’kksa dks xqIr j[kk bUgsa xqIr ugha j[kk tk tk ldrk gSA

3

Hkkoh lanHkZ

Hkko lanHkZ ds fy, dksbZ blesa fyf[kr izHkko ughaA

4

i{kdkjksa

ldrk gSA fyf[kr

izHkko

j[kk tkrk gSA

dh blesa i{kdkjksa dk vkeus blesa ,d i{kdkj dh

mifLFkfr

lkeus gksuk vko’;d gSA

mifLFkfr

gksuk

vko’;d gSA ¼mijksDrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 10-

vfr iwathdj.k ls rkRi;Z daiuh dh vtZu {kerk bruh i;kZIr gksuk gS fd og viuh izfrHkwfr;ksa dks le ewY; ij csp ldsaA blesa tks va’k fuxZfer fd;s x;s gS] mudh jkf’k okLrfod vko’;drk ;k ykHk dekus dh {kerk ls vf/kd gksrh gSA QyLo:i mu ij fn;k tkus okyk ykHkka’k bruk de gksrk gS fd cktkj esa mudk ewY; le ewY; ls Hkh uhps fxj tkrk gSA ¼mijksDrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkIr gksaxs½ vFkok LFkk;h iwath dks izHkkfor djus okys rRo %& 1- O;olk; dh izd`frA 2- O;olk; dk vkdkjA 3- mRiknu fof/kA 14

4- LFkkiuk ,d izkjfEHkd O;;A ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 4 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 11-

fu;kstu dh lhek,a %& 1- Hkkoh ?kVukvksa dh vfuf’prrkA 2- le; o lk/kuksa dk viO;;A 3- loksZRre fodYi ds p;u esa dfBukbZ;kaA 4- okafNr yksp dk vHkkoA 5- euksoSKkfud ck/kk,aA ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½ vFkok fu;kstu izfØ;k ds pj.k %& 1- y{; ;k mn~ns’; dk fu/kkZj.kA 2- iqokZuqeku yxkukA 3- oSdfYid dk;Z fof/k;ksa dh leqfpr leh{kkA 4- dk;Z fof/k;ksa dk ewY;kaduA 5- mi ;kstukvksa dk fuekZ.kA blds vfrfjDr vU; lgh pj.k okys fcUnq Hkh fn;s tk ldsaxsA ¼foLrkj ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½

mRrj 12-

pj.k ds fl)kar %& 1- l{ke O;fDr;kas }kjk p;u fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 2- p;u fu/kkZfjr izekiksa ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 3- p;u ds fy, mi;qZDr L=ksrksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 4- p;u lnSo in ,oa dk;Z ds vuq:i fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 15

5- p;u esa iw.kZ fu"i{krk dk ikyu fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½ vFkok HkrhZ ,oa p;u esa vUrj %& Ø1

vk/kkj vk/kkj

HkrhZ

HkrhZ] laxBu ds vUnj vkSj izkIr vkosnu i=ksa ds vk/kkj ckgj ls dh tkrh gSA

2

L=ksr

Pk;u ij p;u fd;k tkrk gSA

Jkstxkj dk;kZy; HkrhZ dk p;u dk dk;Z laLFkk ds izeq[k L=ksr gSA

vf/kdkjh

,oa

deZpkfj;ksa

}kjk fd;k tkrk gSA 3

lk{kkRdkj

blesa lk{kkRdkj vko’;d blesa lk{kkRdkj vko’;d ugha gSA

4

foKkiu

gSA

foKkiu }kjk izR;kf’k;ksa ds p;u ds fy, O;fDr dks vkosnu i= eaxk;s tkrs gSA

O;fDrxr lwpuk nh tkrh gSA

5

inksUufr@ inksaUufr ds bPNqd O;fDr;ksa p;u dsoy fu;qfDr ds fu;qfDr

dks inksUufr nsdj HkrhZ dh fy, gh fd;k tkrk gSA tkrh gSA

¼mijksDrkuqlkj fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 13-

Js"B fu;a=.k dh fo’ks"krk,a %& 1- fu;a=.k O;oLFkk dk;Z dh izd`fr rFkk vko’;drkvksa ds vuq:i gksuh pkfg,A 2- fu;a=.k O;oLFkk esa i;kZIr yksp gksuh pkfg,A 16

3- fu;a=.k O;oLFkk laxBu
eqnzk cktkj ,oa iwath cktkj esa vUrj %& Ø- vk/kkj 1

vFkZ

iwath cktkj

eqnzk cktkj

nh?kZdkyhu ,oa e/;dkyhu foRr vYidkyhu dks"k ls lacaf/kr ls lacaf/kr cktkj dks iwath cktkj dks eqnzk cktkj dgrs cktkj dgrs gSA

2

ek=k

dks"k dk cM+h ek=k esa ysunsu dks"k dk NksVh ek=k esa gksukA

3

gSA ysunsu gksukA

C;kt

lkekU;r% C;kt dh nj uhph izk;% C;kt dh nj Åaph

dh

jgrh gSA

jgrh gSA 17

nj 4

izys[k va'k] _.k i=] ck.M blds ekax] eqnzk] okf.kT; fcy ,oa izys[k gSA

5

{ks=

VStjh blds izys[k gSA

bldk {ks= ladqfpr ,oa lhfer bldk {ks= cM+k ,oa foLr`r gSA

gSA

¼mijksDrkuqlkj foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½ vFkok LdU/k foif.k ds dk;Z %& 1- izfrHkwfr;ksa dk cktkj iznku djuk gSA 2- izfrHkwfr;ksa dk fu/kkZj.kA 3- fofu;ksDrkvksa dks lqj{kkA 4- iwath ds fuekZ.k esa ennA 5- vkfFkZd fodkl ,oa fofu;ksx dk c<+kokA ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 15-

O;kikfjd i= ds dk;Z %& 1- O;kikj dk fyf[kr C;kSjkA 2- LFkk;h izHkko MkyukA 3- O;kikj dh lk[k esa o`f)A 4- oLrq dh ekax ,oa O;kikj esa o`f)A 5- erHksnksa ,oa f’kdk;rksa dk fujkdj.kA ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½

18

vFkok rdkns dk vafre i= %& lDlsuk cqd fMiks ¼iqLrdksa ds Fkksd ,oa [kjhn foØsrk½ VsyhQksu------------------------Vsyhxzke--------------------------

jke eafnj Xokfy;j

Ik= Øekad----------------------

fnukad------------------------

esllZ] ';ke cznlZ f'kokthxat] eqjSuk fo"k; %& cdk;k jkf’k gsrq vfUre rdknk i=A fiz; egksn;] vR;ar [ksn ds lkFk vkidks lwfpr djuk iM+ jgk gS fd vkius gekjs iwoZ rdknk i= fnukad----------------------,oa fnukad--------------------dh vksj fcYdqy /;ku ugha fn;k gSA vHkh rd vki ij 'ks"k jkf’k :- 7000@& dk Hkqxrku dkQh yEcs le; ls yfEcr gSA dkQh le; O;rhr gks tkus ds dkj.k vc ge izrh{kk djus dh fLFkfr eas ugha gSA ;fn vkius vfoyEc 15 fnol ds vUnj 'ks"k jkf’k dk Hkqxrku ugha fd;k rks ges etcwju U;kf;d izfØ;k gsrq vius vfHkHkk"kd ls laidZ lk/kuk iM+sxkA ftldk laiw.kZ nkf;Ro vkidk gksxkA Hkonh; ';ke iqLrd lnu ds fy, ';kelqUnj xzqi lapkyd 19

mRrj 16-

izcU/k ,oa iz’kklu esa vUrj %& Ø1

vk/kkj {ks=

izca/k izca/k

dk

{ks=

iz'kklu uhfr;ksa

fØ;kfUor ls lacaf/kr gSA 2 3

ds iz'kklu dk {ks= uhfr;ksa ds fuekZ.k ls gSA

izHkkfor izca/k ekuo’kfDr }kjk izHkkfor iz'kklu ckg~; ?kVdksa }kjk Hkwfedk

gksrh gSA

izHkkfor gksrk gSA

;g laLFkk dh vkRek gksrh gSA

;g laLFkk dk efLr"d gksrk gSA

4

nkf;Ro

;g laLFkk ;k O;olk; ds izca/k ;g O;olk; dks iwath iznku dk laiw.kZ nkf;Ro fuHkkrk gSA

djus dk nkf;Ro fuHkkrk gSA

5

vf/kdkj ;g vf/kdkjksa dks ykxw djrk ;g vf/kdkjksa dk fu/kkZj.k gSA

6

Lrj

djrk gSA

;g e/; Lrj dk;Z dk izHkkjh ;g mPp Lrj dk;Z dk gSA

izHkkjh gSA

¼mijksDrkuqlkj varj fy[kus ij dqy 5 vad izkIr gksaxs½ vFkok izcU/k dyk gS %& izca/k dks lkeU;r% dyk ekuk tkrk gS] D;ksafd dyk dk vFkZ gksrk gS fd fdlh dk;Z dks djus ;k fdlh mn~ns’; dks izkIr djus ds fy, dq’kyrk ,oa Kku dk mi;ksx fd;k tkukA izca/k esa bldk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA izcU/k foKku gS %& O;ofLFkr Kku tks fdlh fl)karksa ij vk/kkfjr gksrk gSA foKku dgykrk gSA izca/k ds vius dqN fuf’pr fl)kar gksrs gSA le;≤ ij fo}kuksa us fl)karksa dks izfrikfnr fd;k gS] blfy, ;g foKku gSA 20

izcU/k foKku ,oa dyk nksuksa gS %& izca/k ds vius izfrikfnr fl)kar gS] ftuds vk/kkj ij bldk Øexr v/;;u dj Kku vftZr fd;k tkrk gSA izca/k esa dk;Z dks djus ds fy, vFkok fdlh mn~ns’; dks izkIr djus ds fy, Kku ,oa dq’kyrk dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA blfy, izca/k dyk ,oa foKku nksuks gh gSA ¼mijksDrkuqlkj foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 17-

gsujh Qs;ksy }kjk izfrikfnr izca/k ds fl)kar %& 1- Je foHkktu %& ;g fl)kar Je foHkktu ;k fof’k"Vhdj.k vf/kdre mRikndrk ,oa {kerk dks laHko cukrk gSA 2- vf/kdkj ,oa nkf;Ro %& Qs;ksy ds vuqlkj vkns’k nsus dk vf/kdkj rFkk fu/kkZfjr y{;ksa dks izkIr djus dk nkf;Ro nksuksa lgxkeh gSA 3- vuq’kklu %& laxBu ds izR;sd O;fDr dks mlds mn~ns’;ksa] fu;eksa] uhfr;ksa rFkk fØ;kfof/k;ksa dk lEeku djuk pkfg,A 4- vkns’k dh ,drk %& izR;sd deZpkjh dks ,d gh O;fDr }kjk vkns’k fn;k tkuk pkfg,A 5- funsZ’k dh ,drk %& bl fl)kar ds vuqlkj leku mn~ns’; j[kus okys dk;ksZa ds lewg dk ,d gh mPpkf/kdkjh gksuk pkfg, tks fd mlds laca) esa funsZ’k nsA 6- dsUnzh;dj.k ;dj.k %& vf/kdkj ,oa 'kfDr ds dsUnzh;dj.k ,oa fodsUnzh;dj.k ds e/; vPNk larqyu gksuk vko’;d gSA ¼mijksDrkuqlkj foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkIr gksaxs½ vFkok Jfedksa }kjk oSKkfud izca/k ds fl)kar ds fojks/k ds dkj.k %& 1- oSKkfud izca/k viukus ij Jfedksa ls vf/kd ifjJe djk;k tkrk gSA 21

2- oSKkfud izca/k esa Jfed dks dBksj fu;a=.k esa dk;Z djuk iM+rk gSA 3- izekihdj.k ,oa fof’k"Vhdj.k ds dkj.k Jfed fdlh dk;Z fo’ks"k dh dk;Z {kerk esa n{krk izkIr dj ikrk gS] vU; dk;Z dk Kku ugha gksrk gSA 4- mRiknu o`f) ds vuqikr dh rqyuk esa de osru o`f) nh tkrh gSA 5- bl fl)kar esa Jfed dh Lora=rk dk guu gksrk gSA 6- Lora=rk guu ds dkj.k dk;Z ds izfr :fp dk vHkko ik;k tkrk gSA ¼mijksDrkuqlkj foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 18-

fo’ohdj.k dk O;olk; rFkk m|ksxksa ij izHkko %& 1- O;olk; dk fo’ohdj.k %& vk;kr&fu;kZr dh mnkjuhfr ds dkj.k O;olk; dk fo’ohdj.k gqvkA 2- fuos'k dk fo’ohdj.k %& uohu vkfFkZd uhfr ds rgr fons’kh fuos’k ij yxk izfrca/k gVkus ls fuos’k dk fo’ohdj.k leku gqvkA 3- iwath dk fo’ohdj.k %& ns’k esa rhoz xfr ls iwath dk fo’ohdj.k gqvkA ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkIr gksaxs½ vFkok O;kolkf;d okrkoj.k dk egRo %& 1- vfuf’prrkvksa] tksf[keksa ,oa [krjksa dh tkudkjh nsus esa lgk;dA 2- O;olk; dk dkektZu] mRrjthfork rFkk fodkl dh dk;Z fn’kk dk fu/kkZj.kA 3- lqn`<+rk ,oa detksfj;ksa dh tkudkjh nsus esa lgk;dA 4- okrkoj.k }kjk mRiUu voljksa dk lnqi;ksxA 5- Hkkoh ekspkZ cUnh djus esa lgk;dA 6- O;olkf;d bdkbZ dh Nfo fu/kkZj.k esa lgk;dA ¼foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkIr gksaxs½ 22

mRrj 19-

foKkiu ek/;e pquko ds ?kVd %& 1- cktkj ds izdkj dk {ks= o foLrkj] xzkgdksa dh la[;k rFkk mudh Ø; 'kfDr foKkiu ds ek/;e ls pquko ij egRiw.kZ izHkko iM+rk gSA 2- ek/;e dk izpyu yksdfiz; ,oa izpfyr ek/;e }kjk vf/kd xzkgdksa ds lkFk laidZ LFkkfir djuk budk pquko xzkgdksa dh f’k{kk] vk;q] vk; vkfn ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 3- foKkiu dk vkdkj ,oa thou & Vhoh vkfn ij foKkiu egaxk gksrk gSA blds fy, lekpkj i=] foKkiu iVy ,oa fo’ks"k dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fd;s tk ldrs gSA 4- Jksrkvksa dk izdkj & f’k{k.k rFkk O;Lr Jksrkvksa dss fy;s if=dk,a] lekpkj i=] Vsyhfotu mi;ksxh gSA 5- izfrLi/kkZ dk lkeuk djus ds fy, mfpr gS fd izfr;ksfx;ksa }kjk iz;ksx fd;s x;s ek/;e dks Hkh /;ku esa j[kk tkuk gSA 6- le;kuqdqyrk esa lkef;d ?kVukvksa dk iz;ksx djus ds fy;s lekpkj i=ksa o Mkd }kjk foKkiu esa dkQh laHkkouk,a ik;h tkrh gSA tcfd vU; ek/;eksa esa le;kuqdqyrk dk vHkko jgrk gSA ¼mijksDrkuqlkj foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkIr gksaxs½ vFkok iSdsftax ds mn~ns’; %& 1- miHkksDrk dh t:jrksa dks iwjk djuk & olrq laj{k.k ,oa mi;ksx lqfo/kk dh t:jrksa dh iwfrZ gksrh gSA 2- miHkksDrk ekax esa o`f) & iSdsftax dk mn~ns’; oLrq dh ekax dks o`f) djuk gSA 3- fo|eku miHkksDrk dh ekax ds vuqdqy iqufoZrj.k djukA 23

4- oLrq dk laj{k.k& iSdsftax dk mn~ns’; oLrq dks lqjf{kr cukuk gSA 5- ifjogu ykxr esa deh %& OkLrq ds ifjogu esa iw.kZ lqj{kk ,oa de LFkku ds dkj.k ifjogu ykxr esa deh vkrh gSA 6- i`Fkd igpku %& iSdsftax dk mn~ns’; oLrq dh fof’k"V igpku iznku djrk gSA ¼mijksDrkuqlkj foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkIr gksaxs½ mRrj 20-

miHkksDrk laj{k.k dk egRo fuEu ckrksa ls Li"V gksrk gS %& 1- O;olk; ekuo dY;k.k dk lk/ku gSA lkFk gh miHkksx O;olkf;d fØ;kvksa dk vkfn vkSj vUr gSA O;olk; dk eq[; mn~ns’; xzkgdksa dh lsok gksrk gS vkSj mudh larqf"V dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg,A 2- lkekftd U;k; ds lkFk fodkl gekjs vFkZn’kZu dk vk/kkjHkwr rRo gSA miHkksDrk oxZ dk 'kks"k.k gekjs lafo/kku ds funsZ’kd rRoksa ds fo:) gSA 3- O;kid n`f"Vdks.k ls O;kolk; dk ,d ek= ykHkktZu djuk gh ugha gS cfYd xzkgd dY;k.k] lekt dY;k.k] LokLF; fodkl] VsDuksykWth dh mUufr vkfn Hkh eq[; mn~ns’; gksrk gSA 4- miHkksDrk O;olk; dh vkRek gksrk gS tcfd O;olk; dks 'kjhj ekuk tk ldrk gSA xzkgdksa dk fuekZ.k djuk ,oa mUgsa cuk;s j[kuk O;olk; dk iz/kku y{; gksuk pkfg,A 5- uSfrd nkf;Roksa dk O;olk; dks nh?kZdkfyd vfLrRo ,oa fodkl ds fy, fuokZg djuk pkfg,A uSfrd ewY;ksa ds vHkko esa O;olk; dh xfrfof/k;ka vijk/k dh Js.kh esa vkrh gSA 6- lkewfgd fgr & O;olk; dh lQyrk dk Js; Lokeh ds vykok] miHkksDrk] deZpkjh] ljdkj rFkk tu lkekU; ds iz;kl vko’;d gksrs gSA O;olk; dks buds fgrksa dk /;ku j[kuk cgqr gh vko’;d gSA ¼mijksDrkuqlkj foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkIr gksaxs½ 24

vFkok miHkksDrk ds vf/kdkj %& miHkksDrk laj{k.k vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr lHkh dks leku vf/kdkj fn;s x;s gSA 1- tkudkjh izkIr djus dk vf/kdkj %& tks eky ;k lsok miHkksDrk [kjhnrk gS mldh leLr tkudkjh ikus dk vf/kdkj miHkksDrk ds foØsrk ls izkIr djus dk vf/kdkj gSA ftlesa oLrq o lsok dh xq.koRrk] lkeF;Z] 'kq)rk] ekud ek= ewY; vkfnA 2- gkfudkjd oLrqvksa dh fcØh :dokus dk vf/kdkj %& fdlh eky ds miHkksx ls miHkksDrk ds thou ;k laifRr dks uqdlku igqapkus dh vk’kadk gks rks ,sls eky dh fcØh miHkksDrk :dok ldrk gSA 3- viuk i{k j[kus dk vf/kdkj %& ftyk Qksje ds le{k miHkksDrk dks eky ;k lsok laca/kh fookn dk fujkdj.k ds nkSjku viuh ckr dgus dk iwjk&iwjk vf/kdkj gSA 4- f’kdk;r izLrqr djus dk vf/kdkj %& ;fn dksbZ foØsrk fdlh eky ;k lsok iznku djus esa miHkksDrk dk 'kks"k.k djrk gS rks f’kdk;r djus dk iwjk vf/kdkj gksrk gSA 5- LokLF; i;kZoj.k laca/kh vf/kdkj %& foØsrk ls eky ;k lsok izkIr djrs le; miHkksDrk dks ;g vf/kdkj gS fd mls LoLFk i;kZoj.k izkIr gksA 6- 'krZ ,oa vk’oklu laca/kh vf/kdkj %& ;fn miHkksDrk dks gkfu gksrh gS rks og 'krZ vkSj vk’oklu ds vuqlkj gtkZuk vkfn ikus ds fy;s nkok dj ldrk gSA ¼mijksDrkuqlkj foLrkj ls fy[kus ij dqy 6 vad izkIr gksaxs½

-----

25