4 ,su izSaQd

Mk;jh ds iUus

cq

èkokj] 8 tqykbZ] 1942

I;kjh fd^h] ,slk yx jgk gS ekuks jfookj osQ ckn ls cjlksa chr x, gksaA bruk oqQN gks x;k gS tSls iwjh nqfu;k gh myV&iqyV xbZ gSA ysfdu tSlk fd rqe ns[k ldrh gks] fd^h] eSa ¯”knk gw¡] ysfdu ;g er iwNks fd dgk¡ vkSj oSQlsA eSa tks oqQN Hkh dg jgh gw¡ mlesa 'kk;n gh dksbZ ckr rqEgkjs iYys iM+s] blfy, eSa rqEgsa 'kq: ls crkrh gw¡ fd jfookj dh nksigj dks D;k gqvk FkkA rhu cts FksA gSyks tk pqdk Fkk ysfdu og nksckjk fiQj ls vkus okyk Fkk] rHkh njok”ks dh ?kaVh cthA pw¡fd eSa ckYduh esa èkwi esa vylkbZ lh cSBh i<+ jgh Fkh blfy, eq>s ?kaVh dh vkok”k lqukbZ ugha nhA oqQN nsj ckn jlksbZ osQ njok”ks ij ekxksZV u”kj vkbZA og cgqr xqLls esa Fkhμikik dks ,-,l-,l- ls cqyk, tkus dk uksfVl feyk gS] og iqQliqQlkbZA ek¡ feLVj oku nku dks ns[kus xbZ gqbZ gSaA feLVj oku nku ikik osQ fctusl ikVZuj gSa vkSj muosQ vPNs nksLr gSaA eSa vkoko~Q jg xbZ FkhA cqykok\ gj dksbZ tkurk Fkk fd cqykos dk D;k eryc gksrk gSA ;kruk f'kfojksa osQ u”kkjs vkSj ogk¡ dh dksBfj;ksa osQ n`'; esjh vk¡[kksa osQ vkxs rSj x,A ge vius ikik dks bl rjg dh fu;fr osQ Hkjksls oSQls NksM+ ldrs FksA ge mUgsa gfxZ”k ugha tkus nsaxsA ekxksZV us ml oDr

forku

54

dgk Fkk tc og Mªkbax :e esa ek¡ dh jkg ns[k jgh FkhA ek¡ feLVj oku nku ls iwNus xbZ gSa fd ge dy gh Nqius dh txg ij tk ldrs gSaA oku nku ifjokj Hkh gekjs lkFk tk jgk gSA ge yksx oqQy feykdj lkr yksx gksaxsA ekSuA ge vkxs ckr gh ugha dj ik,A ;g [k;ky fd ikik ;gwnh vLirky esa fdlh dks ns[kus x, gq, gSa] ek¡ osQ fy, bar”kkj dh yach ?kfM+;k¡] xjeh] lLisal] bu lkjh ph”kksa us gekjs 'kCn gh gels Nhu fy, FksA rHkh njok”ks dh ?kaVh cth&;g gSyks gh gksxk] eSaus dgk FkkA njok”kk er [kksyks] ekxksZV us gSjku gksrs eq>s jksdk] ysfdu bldh ”k:jr ugha Fkh D;ksafd geus uhps ls ek¡ vkSj feLVj oku nku dks gSyks ls ckr djrs gq, lqu fy;k FkkA rc nksuksa gh Hkhrj vk, vkSj vius ihNs njok”kk can dj fn;kA tc Hkh njok”ks dh ?kaVh ctrh rks eq>s ;k ekxksZV dks mpddj uhps ns[kuk iM+rk fd D;k ikik vk x, gSaA geus fdlh vkSj dks Hkhrj ugha vkus fn;kA eq>s vkSj ekxksZV dks ckgj Hkst fn;k x;k Fkk D;ksafd oku nku ek¡ ls vosQys esa ckr djuk pkgrs FksA tc eSa vkSj ekxksZV csM:e esa cSBs ckr dj jgs Fks rks mlus eq>s crk;k fd ;g cqykok ikik osQ fy, ugha cfYd [kqn mlosQ fy, FkkA bl nwljs lnes ls eSa rks ph[kus yxhA ekxksZV lksyg cjl dh FkhA r; gS fd os yksx bl mez dh yM+fd;ksa dks muosQ [kqn osQ Hkjksls ;gk¡ ls Hkstuk pkgrs gSaA ysfdu Hkxoku dk 'kqØ gS] og ugha tk,xhA ek¡ us eq>ls ;gh dgk FkkA ikik tc eq>ls fNius dh txg ij tkus dh ckr dj jgs Fks rks mUgksaus Hkh 'kk;n ;gh dgk gksxkA vKkrokl---ge dgk¡ tkdj Nqixas \s 'kgj es\a fdlh ?kj es\a fdlh ijNÙkh ij\ dc--dgk¡---oSQls---;s ,sls loky Fks tks eSa iwN ugha ldrh Fkh ysfdu fiQj Hkh ;s loky esjs fnekx esa oqQycqyk jgs FksA ekxksZV vkSj eSaus viuh cgqr ”k:jh ph”ksa ,d FkSys esa Hkjuh 'kq: dhaA eSaus lcls igys vius FkSys essa ;g Mk;jh Bw¡lhA blosQ ckn eSaus dyZj] jQeky] LowQyh fdrkcsa] ,d oaQ?kh vkSj oqQN iqjkuh fpf_;k¡ FkSys esa MkyhaA eSa vKkrokl esa tkus osQ [k;ky ls bruh vfèkd vkrafdr Fkh fd eSaus FkSys esa vthcksxjhc ph”ksa Hkj Mkyha] fiQj Hkh eq>s vI+kQlksl ugha gSA Le`fr;k¡ esjs fy, iks'kkdksa dh rqyuk esa ”;knk ek;us j[krh gSaA rc geus feLVj fDyhesu dks I+kQksu fd;k fd D;k os 'kke dks gekjs ?kj vk ik,¡xsA feLVj oku nku pys x, rkfd fe,i dks fyok yk losaQA fe,i vkb± vkSj Okknk fd;k fd os jkr dks ,d ckj fiQj vk,¡xhA os vius lkFk twrksa] Mªslksa] tSosQVksa] vaMjfo;jksa rFkk LVkWfoaQXl ls Hkjk ,d FkSyk ysdj xb±A blosQ ckn gekjs Ý+ySV esa lUukVk Nk x;kA geesa ls fdlh dh Hkh [kkuk [kkus dh bPNk gh ugha gqbZA ekSle vHkh Hkh xje Fkk vkSj lkjh ph”ksa tSls gekjs fy, vtuch gksrh pyh tk jgh FkhaA

Mk;jh ds iUus

geus viuk Åij okyk ,d cM+k dejk rhlsd cjl osQ ,d foèkqj feLVj xksYMf'EM~V dks fdjk, ij ns j[kk FkkA r; Fkk fd mls ml 'kke dksbZ dke èkaèkk ugha Fkk] blosQ cko”kwnμgekjs dbZ b'kkjksa osQ ckotwn og jkr nl cts rd ogha ij e¡Mjkrk jgkA fe,i vkSj tkWu fx,t jkr X;kjg cts vk,A fe,i 1933 ls ikik dh oaQiuh esa dke dj jgh Fkha vkSj blfy, ikik osQ djhch nksLrksa esa FkhaA mlosQ ifr tkWu Hkh ikik osQ vPNs nksLr FksA ,d ckj fiQj twrs] LVkWfoaQXl] vaMjfo;j vkSj fdrkcsa fe,i osQ xgjs cSx vkSj tkWu dh tscksa esa xk;c gks jgh FkhaA lk<+s X;kjg cts os [kqn Hkh fonk ysdj pys x,A eSa cqjh rjg ls Fkd xbZ Fkh] fiQj Hkh ,d ckr eSa vPNh rjg tkurh Fkh fd ;g jkr esjs vius fcLrj esa esjh vkf[kjh jkr gSA eSa tSls ?kksM+s cspdj lksbZA esjh uhan vxyh lqcg lk<+s ik¡p cts ekxksZV osQ txkus ij gh [kqyhA fdLer ls ;g lqcg jfookj dh rjg xje ugha FkhA fnu Hkj xje cjlkr dh iqQgkjsa iM+rh jghaA ge pkjksa us vius cnu ij brus ”;knk diM+s ys fy, Fks ekuks ge jkr fÚt esa xq”kkjus tk jgs gksaA otg flI+kZQ bruh&lh Fkh fd ge vius lkFk ”;knk ls ”;knk diM+s ys tkuk pkgrs FksA ge ftl fLFkfr esa Fks mlesa dksbZ ;gwnh O;fDr diM+ksa ls Hkjk lwVosQl ys tkus osQ ckjs esa lksp Hkh ugha ldrk FkkA eSaus nks cfu;kusa] rhu iSaVsa] ,d Mªsl vkSj mlosQ Åij ,d LdVZ] ,d tSosQV] ,d cjlkrh] nks tksM+h LVkW¯oQXl] Hkkjh twrs] ,d osQi] ,d LdkI+kZQ] vkSj bu lcosQ vykok vkSj Hkh cgqr oqQN vks<+&igu j[kk FkkA ?kj ls fudyus ls igys gh esjk ne ?kqVus yxk Fkk ysfdu fdlh dks Hkh ijokg ugha Fkh fd eq>ls iwNsμ,su] oSQlk yx jgk gS rqEgsa\ ekxksZV us vius FkSys esa LowQy dh fdrkcsa B¡wl yh Fkha vkSj og viuh lkbfdy ysus pyh xbZ vkSj fiQj og fe,i dh fuxjkuh esa vKkr txg osQ fy, jokuk gks xbZA oqQN Hkh jgk gks] esjs fy, rks og vutku txg gh Fkh_ D;ksafd eq>s vHkh Hkh irk ugha Fkk fd ge dgk¡ tkus okys gSaA lk<+s lkr cts geus Hkh vius ihNs njok”kk can fd;kA ewRtsZ gh ,dek=k ,slh thfor izk.kh Fkh

55

forku

ftls eq>s xqMckbZ dguk FkkA geus xksYMf'EM~V osQ fy, tks uksV NksM+k mlosQ vuqlkj fcYyh dks iM+ksfl;ksa osQ ;gk¡ NksM+k tkuk FkkA os gh vc mldh ns[kHkky djus okys FksA [kkyh fcLrjs] es”k ij fc[kjk uk'rs dk lkeku] jlksbZ esa fcYyh osQ fy, lsj Hkj ehV] ;s lkjh ph”ksa ;gh n'kkZrh Fkha fd ge cgqr gh gM+cM+h esa NksM+&NkM+dj x, gSaA ysfdu baizS'ku NksM+dj tkus esa gekjh dksbZ fnypLIkh ugha FkhA ge rks fdlh Hkh rjg ogk¡ ls fudy tkuk pkgrs Fks vkSj dgha lqjf{kr LFkku ij igq¡p tkuk pkgrs FksA vkSj dksbZ ckr ek;us ugha j[krh FkhA ckdh dy] rqEgkjh ,su 56

xqjQokj] 9 tqykbZ] 1942 I;kjh fd^h] rks vkf[kj ge py iM+sA eEeh] ikik vkSj eSa rs”k cjlkr esa Hkhxrs gq, vk,A ge rhuksa osQ oaQèkksa ij cM+s&cMs+ FkSys vkSj 'kWfiax cSx Fks tks vYye&xYye ph”kksa ls Åij rd Bw¡l&Bw¡l dj Hkjs gq, FksA lqcg&lqcg dke ij tkus okys yksx gesa cM+h cspkjxh Hkjh fuxkgksa ls ns[k jgs FksA vki mUgsa ns[krs gh crk ldrs Fks fd os vkiosQ fy, vI+kQlksl dj jgs Fks fd os gesa fdlh rjg dk okgu miyCèk ugha djk ldrs FksA gekjs lhus ij pedrk ihyk flrkjk1 lkjh nkLrku [kqn gh dg nsrk FkkA tc ge xyh esa igq¡p x, rHkh ikik vkSj eEeh us èkhjs&èkhjs crkuk 'kq: fd;k fd mudh ;kstuk D;k FkhA fiNys dbZ eghuksa osQ nkSjku ge FkksM+k&FkksM+k djosQ ftruk Hkh gks ldk] iQuhZpj vkSj diM+s&yÙks Ý+ySV ls ckgj ys tkrs jgs FksA ;g r; dj fy;k x;k Fkk fd ge yksx 16 tqykbZ dks vKkrokl esa pys tk,¡xsA vpkud ekxksZV osQ fy, cqykok vk tkus osQ dkj.k ;kstuk dks nl fnu vkxs f[kldkuk iM+k FkkA bldk eryc ;gh Fkk fd vc gesa de rS;kj fd, x, dejksa esa gh xq”kkjk djuk gksxkA fNius dh txg ikik osQ vkWfI+kQl dh bekjr esa gh FkhA bls le> ikuk ckgj okyksa osQ fy, FkksM+k eqf'dy gksxk blfy, eSa FkksM+k cgqr le>k nsrh gw¡A ikik osQ vkWfI+kQl esa dke djus okys yksx cgqr ”;knk ugha FksA cl] feLVj oqQxyj] feLVj Dyhesu] fe,i vkSj rsbl cjl dh VkbfiLV ftldk uke csi oksLoqQby FkkA mu lcdks gekjs vkus osQ ckjs esa [kcj 1- fgVyj osQ 'kklu esa ;gwfn;ksa dks foo'k fd;k x;k Fkk fd os viuh igpku osQ fy, ihyk flrkjk igusa

Mk;jh ds iUus

dj nh xbZ FkhA feLVj oksLoqQby] csi osQ firk] nks vkSj lgk;dksa osQ lkFk xksnke esa dke djrs Fks] mUgsa oqQN Hkh ugha crk;k x;k FkkA bekjr osQ ckjs esa FkksM+k&lk crk nw¡A ry eaf”ky ij cuk cM+k&lk xksnke dke djus dh txg vkSj HkaMkj ?kj osQ :i esa bLrseky gksrk gSA blosQ vyx&vyx fgLls cus gq, gSaA ;s fgLls xksnke] filkbZ dk dejk oxSjg gSa tgk¡ byk;ph] ykSax vkSj dkyh fepZ oxSjg ihls tkrs gSaA

57

forku

58

xksnke osQ njok”ks ls gh lVk gqvk ,d ckgj dk njok”kk gS tks vkWfI+kQl dk izos'k}kj gSA vkWfI+kQl osQ njok”ks osQ ,dne vanj dh rjI+kQ ,d nwljk njok”kk gS vkSj mlosQ ihNs lhf<+;k¡ gSaA lhf<+;k¡ Åij p<+sa rks ,d vkSj njok”kk vkrk gS] ftl ij vkj&ikj fn[kkbZ u nsus okys dk¡p dh f[kM+dh yxh gSA bl ij dkys v{kjksa esa ^dk;kZy;* fy[kk gqvk gSA ;gh vkxs okyk cM+k ;kuh izaQV vkWfI+kQl gSμ;s cgqr cM+k goknkj vkSj [kwc jkS'uh okyk dejk gSA fnu osQ nkSjku ;gk¡ csi] fe,i vkSj feLVj Dyhesu dke djrs gSaA ,d NksVk&lk xfy;kjk gS ftlesa frtksjh] diM+ksa dh vyekjh vkSj LVs'kujh dh cM+h&lh vyekjh gSA bl xfy;kjs osQ ikj ,d NksVk&lk ne?kksaVw] v¡fèk;kjk dejk gSμ;g cSd vkWfI+kQl gS] blesa feLVj oqQxyj vkSj feLVj okunku cSBk djrs FksA vc blesa flI+kZQ feLVj oqQxyj cSBrs gSaA feLVj oqQxyj osQ vkWfI+kQl esa iSlst ls Hkh igq¡pk tk ldrk gS] ysfdu flI+kZQ dk¡p okys njok”ks osQ ”kfj;s ftls vanj ls rks vklkuh ls [kksyk tk ldrk gS] ysfdu ckgj ls bruh vklkuh ls ughaA feLVj oqQxyj osQ vkWfI+kQl ls fudyus osQ ckn rqe yacs] rax xfy;kjs ls dks;ys okys xksnke dh vksj c<+ksxh vkSj pkj lhf<+;k¡ p<+ksxh rks rqe vius vkidks izkbosV vkWfI+kQl esa ikvksxhA ;g iwjh bekjr dk 'kks ihl gSA 'kkunkj egksxuh I+kQuhZpj] fyuksfy;e dk I+kQ'kZ] ftl ij dkyhu fcNk gS] ,d jsfM;ks gS] vkd"kZd ySai gSaA lc oqQN mÙke njts dkA blosQ lkFk okyk dejk cgqr cM+k jlksbZ?kj gSA mlesa ikuh xje djus dk ghVj gS] xSl osQ nks pwYgs gSa] lkFk esa ik[kkuk gSA ;s igyh eaf”ky dk uD'kk gSA uhps dh lhf<+;ksa okys xfy;kjs ls ,d jkLrk nwljh eaf”ky dh rjI+kQ tkrk gSA lhf<+;k¡ [kRke gksrs gh FkksM+h [kqyh txg gS vkSj mlosQ nksuksa rjI+kQ njok”ks gSaA nkbZa rjI+kQ dk njok”kk elkys j[kus osQ LVksj] vVkjh vkSj ?kj osQ lkeus dh rjI+kQ okyh fe;kuh dh rjI+kQ tkrk gSA ?kj osQ lkeus dh rjI+kQ ls ,d ijaijkxr Mp fM”kkbu dh] lhèkh vkSj bruh ?kqekonkj lhf<+;k¡ gSa fd ,fM+;ksa esa eksp vk tk,A ;g jkLrk xyh dh rjI+kQ [kqyrk gSA lhf<+;ksa osQ Åij cuh txg ls nkb± rjI+kQ dk njok”kk ?kj osQ fiNokM+s dh rjI+kQ gekjh xqIr ,usDlh dh rjI+kQ tkrk gSA dksbZ dYiuk Hkh ugha dj ldrk Fkk fd bl likV eVeSys njok”ks osQ ihNs brus dejs Hkh gks ldrs gSaA njok”ks osQ vkxs lh<+h dk cl] ,d gh ik;nku gSA bls ikj djrs gh vki Hkhrj gksrs gSaA vkiosQ lkeus gh dbZ lhf<+;k¡ Åij dh rjI+kQ pyh tkrh gSaA ckb± rjI+kQ ,d rax&lk xfy;kjk gS tks ,d cM+s dejs esa tkdj [kqyrk gSA ;gh dejk izSaQd ifjokj osQ fy, Mªkbax:e vkSj csM:e dk dke djrk gSA vxyk njok”kk ,d NksVs dejs dk gSA ;g ifjokj dh nks toku yM+fd;ksa osQ cSM:e vkSj LVMh:e osQ dke vkrk gSA lhf<+;ksa dh nkb± rjI+kQ xqly[kkuk vkSj fcuk f[kM+fd;ksa okyk ,d dejk gS ftlesa ,d okW'k csflu yxk gqvk gSA fdukjs dh rjI+kQ okys njok”ks ls ik[kkus dh rjI+kQ vkSj nwljs

Mk;jh ds iUus

njok”ks ls esjs vkSj ekxksZV osQ dejs dh rjIk+ Q tk;k tk ldrk gSA ;fn vki vkSj lhf<+;k¡ p<+dj fcyoqQy Åij rd pys tk,¡ rks vki ugj osQ fdukjs cus bl iqjkus edku esa Åij ,d cgqr cM+k] [kqyk&[kqyk vkSj goknkj dejk ns[kdj gSjku jg tk,¡xsA blesa ,d xSl dk pwYgk gS vkSj ,d ¯ld gSA (Hkxoku dk 'kqØ gS fd ;g feLVj oqQyxj dh iz;ksx'kkyk osQ dke vkrk FkkA) ;g feLVj vkSj fels”k oku nku dk csM:e vkSj jlksbZ?kj gksxkA bls dkWeu dejs] Mkbfuax:e vkSj ge lcosQ fy, LVMh osQ fy, Hkh bLrseky fd;k tk losQxkA ,d NksVk&lk dejk ihVj oku nku osQ fy, csM:e dk dke djsxkA vkSj fiQj tSlh bekjr osQ lkeus dh rjI+kQ gS] oSlh gh vVkjh vkSj fe;kuh ;gk¡ Hkh gSa] rks ;s jgk gekjk u;k xjhc[kkukA yks] eSaus rqEgsa iwjh bekjr dh lSj djok nhA rqEgkjh] ,su 'kqØokj] 10 tqykbZ] 1942 esjh I;kjh fd^h] eSaus ?kj osQ yacs&pkSM+s c[kku osQ lkFk gks ldrk gS rqEgsa cksj dj fn;k gks ysfdu eSa vHkh Hkh ;gh lksprh gw¡ fd rqe tkuks] ge dgk¡ vk igq¡ps gSaA eSa ;gk¡ oSQls vk igq¡ph gw¡] blosQ ckjs esa rqEgsa esjs vkxs osQ i=kksa ls irk pysxkA ysfdu igys eSa viuk fdLlk tkjh j[kw¡xhA eSaus vHkh rd viuh ckr iwjh ugha dh gSA 263 fizalsuxzkLV esa gekjs igq¡pus ij fe,i rqjar gesa yacs xfy;kjs ls lhf<+;ksa ls Åij nwljh eaf”ky ij vkSj fiQj ,usDlh esa ys vkbZA mlus gesa vosQyk NksM+k vkSj gekjs ihNs njok”kk can dj fn;kA ekxksZV viuh lkbfdy ij igys gh vk pqdh Fkh vkSj gekjh jkg ns[k jgh FkhA gekjh cSBd vkSj nwljs dejs lkeku ls Bq¡ls iM+s FksA dgha fry èkjus dh txg ugha FkhA fiNys eghuksa esa tks dkMZ&cksMZ osQ cDls vkWfI+kQl esa Hksts x, Fks] pkjksa rjI+kQ I+kQ'kZ ij] fcLrjksa ij iSQys iM+s FksA NksVk dejk I+kQ'kZ ls Nr rd diM+ksa ls vVk iM+k FkkA ml jkr vxj ge
59

forku

60

rjrhc ls yxkus dh ”k:jr FkhA gesa lI+kQkbZ dk dke rqjar 'kq: dj nsuk FkkA ek¡ vkSj ekxksZV dh rks gkFk fgykus dh Hkh fgEer ugha FkhA os fcuk pknjksa okyh xfí;ksa ij gh ilj xb±A Fkdh] csgky vkSj iLrA ysfdu ikik vkSj eSaus lI+kQkbZ dk ekspkZ l¡Hkkyk vkSj rqjar tqV x,A ge lkjk fnu iSfoaQx [kksyrs jgs] vyekfj;k¡ Hkjrs jgs] dhysa Bksdrs jgs vkSj reke lkeku fBdkus ls yxkrs jgsA vkf[kj Fkd dj pwj gks x, vkSj lkiQ+ fcLrjksa ij s I+kqQlZr ugha FkhA eaxyokj dh lqcg geus fiNyh jkr osQ NksM+s gq, dke dks iwjk djuk 'kq: fd;kA csi vkSj fe,i gekjs jk'ku owQiuksa ls 'kkWfiax djus xbZa vkSj ikik us CySd vkmV okys ijns yxk,A eSaus jlksbZ dk I+kQ'kZ jxM+&jxM+ dj lkI+kQ fd;kA losjs ls jkr rd ge yxkrkj dke esa tqVs jgsA cqèkokj rd rks eq > s ;g lks p us dh iq+ QlZr gh ugha feyh fd esjh ¯”knxh esa fdruk cM+k ifjorZu vk pqdk gSA vc xqIr ,usDlh esa vkus osQ ckn igyh ckj eq>s FkksM+h I+kqQlZr feyh fd rqEgsa crkm¡Q fd esjh ftanxh esa D;k gks pqdk gS vkSj D;k gksus tk jgk gSA rqEgkjh] ,su

Mk;jh ds iUus

'kfuokj] 28 uoacj] 1942 esjh I;kjh fdêðh] ge bu fnuksa fctyh dk cgqr ”;knk bLrseky djrs jgs gaS vkSj vius jk'ku ls ”;knk [kpZ dj pqosQ gSaA urhtk ;g gksxk fd vkSj vfèkd fdI+kQk;r] vkSj gks ldrk gS] fctyh Hkh dV tk,A ,d i[kokM+s osQ fy, dksbZ fctyh ugha] fdruk e”ksnkj [k;ky gS] ugha D;k\ ysfdu dkSu tkurk gS] ;g vjlk blls de Hkh gks ldrk gSA cgqr v¡èksjk gks tkrk gS pkj] lk<+s pkj ctrs ghA ge rc i<+ ugha ldrsA blfy, og oDr ge Åy&tqyy w gjdrsa djosQ xq”kkjrs gSAa ge igsfy;k¡ cq>krs gS]a v¡èksjs esa O;k;ke djrs gS]a vaxs”z kh ;k izQas p cksyrs gSa vkSj fdrkcksa dh leh{kk djrs gSAa ge oqQN Hkh djs]a FkksMh+ nsj ckn cksj yxus yxrk gSA dy eSua s oDr xq”kkjus dk ,d u;k rjhdk [kkst fudkykA nwjchu yxkdj iM+kfs l;ksa osQ jks'kuh okys dejksa esa >k¡dukA fnu osQ oDr gekjs ijns gVk, ugha tk ldrs] ,d bap Hkj Hkh ugha] ysfdu tc v¡èksjk gks rks ijns gVkus eas dksbZ gtZ ugha gksrkA eq>s irk ugha Fkk fd gekjs iM+kl s esa brus fnypLi yksx jgrs gSAa [kSj] gekjs iM+kl s h gSAa eSua s tks iM+kl s h ns[ks— muesa ls ,d ifjokj fMuj dj jgk Fkk] ,d ifjokj fIk+ QYe cuk jgk Fkk rks lkeus okys ?kj esa ,d nar fpfdRld ,d Mjh gqbZ cqf<+;k ls tw> jgk FkkA feLVj Mlsy ftuosQ ckjs esa dgk x;k Fkk fd mudh cPpksa osQ lkFk cgqr iVrh gS vkSj os mUgsa [kwc I;kj djrs gS]a njvly ckck vkne osQ ”kekus osQ vuq'kklu ekLVj gSa vkSj yac&s yacs Hkk"k.k nsus yxrs gSa ftUgsa lqudj gh uhan vkus yxsA pwf¡ d eq> vosQyh dks gh ;g lq[k(\)feyk gqvk gS fd eSa muosQ lkFk] egkjkt Mlsy osQ lkFk ;g yacksrjk] l¡djk dejk 'ksvj djrh gw]¡ vkSj pwf¡ d eq>s gh] ge rhu cPpksa esa vkerkSj ij [kjfnekx vkSj rqudfe”kkt le>k tkrk gS] esjs ikl ;gh ,d mik; cprk gS fd mudh ogh iqjkuh Mk¡V&iQVdkj vkSj Hkk"k.kksa dh yach&yach mckÅ kÜ [a` kyk dh rjI+kQ dku u èk:¡A u lquus dk ukVd djrh jgwA¡ ;s ckr rks [kSj eSa fiQj Hkh lgu dj ysrh ysfdu feLVj Mlsy vPNs&[kkls pqxy[kksj gSAa

61

forku

62

os tkdj bu lkjh ckrksa dh fjiksVZ eEeh dks ns vkrs gSAa vxj feLVj Mlsy us eq>s dksbZ mins'k fiyk;k gksrk gS rks mls nksckjk ls eq>s eEeh ls lquuk iM+rk gS vkSj eEeh rks dksbZ fygk”k Hkh ugha djrh esjk] vkSj vxj esjh fdLer okdbZ vPNh gksrh gS rks fels”k oku eq>s ik¡p feuV ckn cqyok Hkstrh gSAa lpeqp] ehu&es[k fudkyus okys ifjokj esa vki osaQnz esa gksa vkSj lkjk fnu vkidks] gj rjI+kQ ls nqRdkjk iQVdkjk tk,μ;s lc >syuk vklku dke ugha gksrkA jkr dks tc eSa fcLrj ij gksrh gw¡ rks vius ikiksa vkSj c<+k&p<+kdj crkbZ xbZ viuh [kkfe;ksa osQ ckjs esa lksprh gw¡ rks os bruh ”;knk gksrh gSa fd vius ewM osQ fglkc ls ;k rks eSa mu ij g¡l ldrh gw¡ ;k jks gh ldrh gwA¡ rc eSa bl vthc ls [k;ky osQ lkFk lks tkrh gw¡ fd eSa tks oqQN gw]¡ mlls vyx gksuk pkgrh gw¡ ;k eSa mlls vyx rjhosQ ls O;ogkj djuk pkgrh gw¡ tks eSa gw¡ ;k tks eSa gksuk pkgrh gw¡A esjh I;kjh fd^h] vc eSa rqEgsa fdruk my>k jgh gwA¡ ysfdu eSa ph”ksa ,d ckj fy[kdj mUgsa ,su iSazQd dh Mk;jh dk ,d iUuk dkVuk ilan ugha djrh vkSj bl deh okys oDr esa dkx”k dks eksM+&rksM+ dj jíh dh Vksdjh esa Mky nsuk fcYkoqQy euk gSA blfy, eSa rqEgsa flI+kZQ ;gh lykg ns ldrh gw¡ fd rqe Åij okys fgLls dks fiQj ls i<+us dh dksf'k'k er djuk_ D;ksafd blesa rqEgsa ckr dk flj&iSj Hkh ugha feysxkA rqEgkjh] ,su 'kqØokj] 19 ekpZ] 1943 esjh I;kjh fd^h] vHkh ,d ?kaVk Hkh ugha chrk Fkk fd gekjh [kq'kh fujk'kk esa cny xbZA VdhZ vHkh ;q¼ esa 'kkfey ugha gqvk gSA gqvk ;g Fkk fd ,d osaQnzh; ea=kh us ;g dgk Fkk fd VdhZ

Mk;jh ds iUus

tYnh gh rVLFkrk NksM+ nsxkA MSe pkSd ij v[kckj cspus okyk fpYyk jgk Fkk_ ^VdhZ baXySaM osQ i{k esa*A v[kckj mlosQ gkFk ls >iVs tk jgs Fks] vkSj bl rjg ls geus og mRlkgoèkZd vI+kQokg lquh FkhA g”kkj fxYMj osQ uksV voSèk eqnzk ?kksf"kr fd, tk jgs gSaA ;g CySd ekosZQV dk èkaèkk djus okyksa vkSj mu tSls yksxksa osQ fy, cgqr cM+k >Vdk gksxk] ysfdu mlls cM+k ladV mu yksxksa dk gS tks ;k rks Hkwfexr gSa ;k tks vius èku dk fglkc&fdrkc ugha ns ldrsA g”kkj fxYMj dk uksV cnyokus osQ fy, vki bl fLFkfr esa gksa fd ;s uksV vkiosQ ikl vk;k oSQls vkSj mldk lqcrw Hkh nsuk gksxkA bUgsa dj vnk djus osQ fy, mi;ksx esa yk;k tk ldrk gS_ ysfdu vxys gÝ+rs rd ghA ik¡p lkS fxYMj osQ uksV Hkh rHkh csdkj gks tk,¡xAs fx,t ,aM oaQiuh osQ ikl vHkh g”kkj fxYMj osQ oqQN uksV ckdh Fks ftudk dksbZ fglkc&fdrkc ugha FkkA bUgsa oaQiuh us vkxkeh o"kksaZ osQ fy, vuqekfur dj vnk;xh esa fuiVk fn;k gSA blfy, fI+kQygky rks xnZu ikuh osQ Åij gh gSA feLVj Mlsy dks dgha ls ckck vkne osQ ”kekus dh iSjksa ls pyus okyh nk¡rksa dh fMªy e'khu fey xbZ gSA bldk eryc] laHkor% tYnh gh esjs nk¡rksa dk iwjk psd&vi gks ik,xkA tc ?kj osQ dk;ns&dkuwu ekuus dh ckr vkrh gS rks feLVj Mlsy Hk;adj :i ls vkyl fn[kkrs gSaA u osQoy os pkyksZV ls i=kkpkj dj jgs gSa] vkSj Hkh dbZ nwljs yksxksa osQ lkFk Hkh fp_h&i=kh cuk, gq, gSaA ekxksZV] tks fd mudh Mp vè;kfidk gSa] muosQ ;s i=k Bhd djrh gSaA ikik us mUgsa euk fd;k gS fd os ;s lc dkjksckj can djsa vkSj ekxksZV us muosQ i=k Bhd djus can dj fn, gSaA ysfdu eq>s yxrk gS] os viuh fp_h&i=kh fiQj ls 'kq: dj nsaxsA tukc fgVyj ?kk;y lSfudksa ls ckrphr dj jgs gSaA geus mUgsa jsfM;ks ij lqukA lpeqp ;g lc oqQN djQ.kktud FkkA lokyksa&tokcksa dk flyflyk bl rjg ls py jgk Fkk % ^esjk uke gSufjd 'kkisy gSA*

63

forku

64

^vki dgk¡ t[eh gq, Fks\* ^Lukfyuxzkn osQ iklA* ^fdl fdLe dk ?kko gS ;g\* ^nksuksa ik¡o cjI+kQ dh otg ls xy x, gSa vkSj ck,¡ ckT+kw esa gah VwV xbZ gSA* ;s ckrsa tl dh rl ns jgh gw¡ tks eSaus jsfM;ks ij dBiqrfy;ksa osQ [ksy dh rjg lquhaA ?kk;y lSfud tSls vius T+k[eksa dks fn[kkrs gq, xoZ eglwl dj jgs FksA ftrus ”;knk ?kko] mruk ”;knk xoZA muesa ls ,d rks fgVyj ls gkFk feykus osQ [k;ky ls gh bruk mRlkfgr gqvk tk jgk Fkk (esjs [k;ky ls rks vHkh Hkh og mlh mRlkg esa gksxk) fd og ,d 'kCn Hkh ugha cksy ik;kA eq>ls Mlsy lkgc dk lkcqu T+kehu ij fxj x;k FkkA esjh fdLer [kjkc Fkh fd esjk iSj ml ij iM+ x;kA vc iwjk lkcqu gh xk;c gSA eSaus ikik ls dgk gS fd feLVj Mlsy dks bldh HkjikbZ dj nsaA mudks gj eghus ;q¼ osQ le; osQ ?kfV;k lkcqu dh ,d gh c^h feyrh gSA rqEgkjh] ,su 'kqØokj] 23 tuojh] 1944 esjh I;kjh fd^h] bèkj osQ lIrkgksa esa eq>s ifjokj osQ oa'k o`{kksa vkSj jktlh ifjokjksa dh oa'kkoyh rkfydkvksa eas [kklh jQfp gks xbZ gSA eSa bl urhts ij igq¡ph gw¡ fd ,d ckj rqe [kkstuk 'kq: dj nks rks rqEgsa vrhr esa xgjs] vkSj xgjs mrjuk iM+sxkA bl [kkst ls rqEgkjs gkFk vkSj Hkh jkspd tkudkfj;k¡ yxsaxhA gkyk¡fd tc esjs LowQy osQ dke dh ckr vkrh gS rks eSa cgqr esgur djrh gw¡ vkSj jsfM;ks ij ch-ch-lh- dh gkse lfoZl dks le> ldrh gw¡] blosQ ckotwn eSa vius T+;knkrj jfookj vius fiz; fI+kQYeh dykdkjksa dh rLkohjsa vyx djus vkSj ns[kus esa xqT+kkjrh gw¡A ;g laxzg vPNk&[kklk gks pqdk gSA feLVj oqQxyj eq> ij gj lkseokj oqQN ”;knk gh esgjcku gksrs gSa vkSj esjs fy, flusek ,aM fFk;sVj if=kdk dh izfr ysrs vkrs gSaA bl ?kj&ifjokj osQ ,sls yksx Hkh] tks T+kjk Hkh nqfu;knkj ugha gSa] bls iSlksa dh cjcknh ekurs gSa ysfdu bl ckr ij gSjku Hkh gksrs gSa fd oSQls eSa ,d lky osQ ckn Hkh fdlh fI+kQYe osQ lHkh dykdkjksa osQ uke mQij ls uhps rd lgh&lgh crk ldrh gw¡A csi tks vdlj Nq^h osQ fnu vius ckW;izsaQM osQ lkFk fI+kQYe ns[kus tkrh gS] 'kfuokj dks gh eq>s crk nsrh gS fd os dkSu lh fI+kQYe ns[kus tk jgs gSa] rks eSa fI+kQYe osQ eq[; uk;dksa vkSj ukf;dkvksa osQ uke rFkk leh{kk,¡ I+kQjkZVs ls cksyuk 'kq: dj nsrh gw¡A gky gh esa eEeh us fI+kQdjk dlk fd eq>s ckn esa fI+kQYesa

Mk;jh ds iUus

ns[kus tkus dh ”k:jr gh ugha iM+sxh] D;ksafd eq>s lkjh fI+kQYeksa dh dgkfu;k¡] uk;dksa osQ uke rFkk leh{kk,¡ T+kckuh ;kn gSaA tc Hkh eSa u;h osQ'k lTtk cukdj ckgj vkrh gw¡] eSa lcosQ psgjksa ij mx vkbZ vlgefr lkI+kQ&lkI+kQ i<+ ldrh gw¡A vkSj ;g Hkh crk ldrh gw¡ fd dksbZ u dksbZ T+k:j Vksd nsxk fd eSa iQyk¡ fI+kQYe LVkj dh udy dj jgh gw¡A esjk ;g tokc fd ;s LVkby esjk [kqn dk vkfo"dkj gS] eT+kkd osQ :i esa fy;k tkrk gSA tgk¡ rd esjs gs;j LVkby dk loky gS] ;g vkèks ?kaVs ls T+;knk ugha fVdk jgrkA rc rd eSa mlls cksj gks pqdh gksrh gw¡ vkSj lcdh fVIif.k;k¡ lqurs&lqurs esjs dku idus yxrs gSaA eSa lhèks xqly[kkus dh rjI+kQ yidrh gw¡ vkSj esjs cky fiQj ls igys dh rjg my>s gq, ?kq¡?kjkys gks tkrs gSaA rqEgkjh] ,su cqèkokj] 28 tuojh] 1944 esjh I;kjh fd^h] vkt lqcg eSa lksp jgh Fkh fd D;k rqeus vius vkidks dHkh xk; le>k gS ftls gj fnu esjh cklh [kcjsa ckj&ckj pckuh iM+rh gSaA budh bruh vfèkd tqxkyh fd rqEgsa mcklh vk tk, vkSj rqe eu gh eu dkeuk djks fd ,su oqQN u, lekpkj nsA lkWjh] rqEgsa ;s ukyh osQ lM+rs ikuh dh rjg uhjl yxrk gksxkA ysfdu ”kjk esjh gkyr dh dYiuk djks ftls jks”k&jks”k ;gh lquuk iM+rk gSA vxj [kkus osQ oDr ckrphr jktuhfr ;k vPNs [kkus osQ ckjs esa ugha gks jgh gksrh rks eEeh ;k fels”k oku nku vius cpiu dh mu dgkfu;ksa dks ysdj cSB tkrh gSa tks ge g”kkj ckj lqu pqosQ gSa ;k fiQj Mlsy 'kq: gks tkrs gSa [kwclwjr jsl osQ ?kksM+s] mudh pkyksZV dk eg¡xk okWMZjksc] yhd djrh ukosa] pkj cjl dh mez esa rSj ldus okys cPps] nnZ djrh ek¡lisf'k;k¡ vkSj Mjs gq, ejh”k — ;s lc fdLlsA bu lkjh ckrksa dk fupksM+ ;s gS % tc Hkh ge vkBksa esa ls dksbZ Hkh viuk eq¡g [kksyrk gS] ckdh lkrksa mlosQ fy, dgkuh iwjh dj ldrs gSaA fdlh Hkh yrhI+ksQ dks lquus ls igys gh gesa mldh iap ykbu irk gksrh gSA urhtk ;g

65

forku

66

gksrk gS fd yrhI+kQk lqukus okys dks vosQys g¡luk iM+rk gSA vyx&vyx Xokys] jk'kuokys] dlkbZ tks ?kjksa dh bu nks HkwriwoZ ekyfduksa osQ laioZQ esa vk,] bruh ckj muosQ pfj=k&fp=k.k gks pqoQs gSa fd gekjh dYiuk 'kfDr esa muesa tksMu+ s osQ fy, oqQN Hkh ugha cpkA ,usDlh dh ;g gkyr gS fd ;gk¡ u;k ;k rk”kk lquus&lqukus dks oqQN Hkh ugha cpk gSA fiQj Hkh] bu lkjh ph”kksa esa rk”kk lquus&lqukus dks oqQN Hkh ugha cpk gSA yksxksa dks ued&fepZ yxkdj og lc oqQN nksgjkus dh vknr u gksrh tks feLVj Dyhesu] tkWu] fe,i igys gh crk pqosQ gksrs gSaA dbZ ckj eSa es”k osQ uhps vius vkidks [kqn fpdksVh dkV dj jksosQ jgrh gw¡ fd dgha fdlh dks Vksd u nw¡A NksVs cPps] [kkldj ,su dHkh Hkh fdlh cM+s dks Vksdus] lgh ykbu ij ykus dh fgekdr u djsaA Hkys gh mudh xkM+h iVjh ls mrjh tk jgh gks ;k mudh dYiuk'kfDr dk fnokyk fiV pqdk gksA tkWu vkSj feLVj Dyhesu dks vKkrokl esa Nqis ;k Hkwfexr gks x, yksxksa osQ ckjs esa ckr djuk vPNk yxrk gSA os tkurs gSa fd ge vius tSlh gkyr esa th jgs yksxksa dh ckrsa tkuus osQ bPNqd gSaA gesa mu lcdh rdyhI+kQksa ls gennhZ gS tks fxjÝ+rkj gks x, gSa vkSj mu yksxksa dh [kq'kh esa gekjh [kq'kh gS tks oSQn ls vk”kkn dj fn, x, gSAa Hkwfexr gksuk vkSj vKkrokl esa pys tkuk rks vc vke ckr gks xbZ gSA gk¡ dbZ izfrjksèkh ny Hkh gS]a tSls Úh uhnjySMa l ~ tks udyh igpkui=k cukrs gS]a vKkrokl esa Nqis yksxksa dks foÙkh; lgk;rk nsrs gS]a ;qok bZlkb;ksa osQ fy, dke ryk'krs gSAa fdruh gSjkuh dh ckr gS fd ;s yksx viuh tku tksf[ke esa Mkydj nwljksa dh enn osQ fy, fdruk dke dj jgs gSAa bldk lcls cf<+;k mnkgj.k gekjh enn djus okyksa dk gS] tks gekjh vkt rd enn djrs vk, gSa vkSj mEehn rks ;gh gS fd os gesa lqjf{kr fdukjs rd ys vk,¡xAs bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd vxj os ,slk ugha djrs rks mudh fdLer Hkh gekjh tSlh gks tk,xhA mUgksua s dHkh ugha dgk fd ge muosQ fy, eqlhcr gSAa os jks”kkuk Åij vkrs gS]a iqjQ"kksa ls dkjksckj vkSj jktuhfr dh ckr djrs gS]a efgykvksa ls [kkus vkSj ;q¼ osQ le; dh eqf'dyksa dh ckr djrs gS]a cPpksa ls fdrkcksa vkSj v[kckjksa dh ckr djrs gSAa os ges'kk [kq'kfny fn[kus dh dksf'k'k djrs gS]a tUefnuksa vkSj nwljs ekSdksa ij iwQy vkSj migkj ykrs gSAa ges'kk gj laHko enn djrs gSAa gesa ;s ckr dHkh Hkh ugha Hkwyuh pkfg,A ,sls esa tc nwljs yksx teZuksa osQ f[kykI+kQ ;q¼ esa cgknqjh fn[kk jgs gS]a gekjs ennxkj jks”kkuk viuh csgrjhu Hkkoukvksa vkSj I;kj ls gekjk fny thr jgs gSAa vthc&vthc dgkfu;k¡ py jgh gSaA muesa dkI+kQh lp Hkh gSaA vHkh feLVj Dyhesu xsYMjySaM esa Hkwfexr gks pqosQ vknfe;ksa vkSj iqfylokyksa osQ chp gq, I+kqQVcky eSp dk f”kØ dj jgs Fks] fgYojle esa u, jk'kudkMZ tkjh fd, x,A (,sls yksxksa dks] tks vKkrokl esa jg jgs gSa] jk'ku [kjhnus dh lqfoèkk gks losQ) vxj jk'kudkMZ u gks rks ,d dkMZ osQ

Mk;jh ds iUus

fy, 60 fxYMj nsus iM+rs gSaA f”kys esa vKkrokl esa jg jgs lHkh yksxksa ls jftLVªkj us vkxzg fd;k fd os I+kQyk¡ fnu ,d vyx esT+k ij vkdj vius dkMZ ys tk,¡A bl lcosQ lkFk ;s Hkh [k;ky j[kuk iM+rk gS fd bl rjg dh pkykfd;ksa dh teZuksa dks gok Hkh u yxsA rqEgkjh] ,su cqèkokj] 29 ekpZ] 1944 esjh I;kjh fd^h] oSQfcuV ea=kh feLVj cksYosQ LVhu us yanu ls Mp izlkj.k esa dgk fd ;q¼ osQ ckn ;q¼ dk o.kZu djus okyh Mk;fj;ksa vkSj i=kksa dk laxzg fd;k tk,xkA vkSj fiQj gj dksbZ esjh Mk;jh ij >iV iM+kA lkspks] ;s fdruk fnypLi gksxk tc eSa bl xqIr ,usDlh osQ ckjs esa Niokm¡QxhA mldk 'kh"kZd gh ,slk gksxk fd yksx bls ,d tklwlh dgkuh le>saxsA eSa lgh crk jgh gw¡] ;q¼ osQ nl lky ckn yksx blls fdruk pfdr gksaxs fd tc mUgsa irk pysxk fd ge yksx oSQls jgrs Fks] ge D;k [kkrs Fks vkSj ;gwfn;ksa osQ :i esa vKkrokl esa ge D;k&D;k ckrsa djrs FksA gkyk¡fd eSa rqEgsa bl thou osQ ckjs esa dkI+kQh&oqQN crk pqdh gw¡] fiQj Hkh rqe vHkh Hkh FkksM+k&lk gh tku ikbZ gksA gokbZ geys osQ nkSjku vkSjrsa oSQlh Mj tkrh gSa_ vc ns[kks uk] fiNys jfookj tc 350 fczfV'k ok;q;kuksa us bTeqbZMsu ij 550 Vu xksyk&ck:n cjlk;k rks gekjs ?kj ,sls dk¡i jgs Fks tSls gok esa ?kkl dh ifÙk;k¡A ;k gekjs bu ?kjksa esa oSQlh egkekfj;k¡ iSQyh gqbZ gSaA rqEgsa bl lcdh oqQN [kcj ugha gSA lc oqQN rqEgsa crkus esa iwjk fnu yx tk,xkA yksxksa dks lfC”k;ksa vkSj lHkh izdkj osQ lkekuksa osQ fy, ykbuksa esa [kM+s gksuk iM+rk gS_ MkWDVj vius ejh”kksa dks ugha ns[k ikrs] D;ksafd mUgksaus ihB eksM+h ugha fd mudh dkjsa vkSj eksVj lkbfdysa pqjk yh tkrh gSa] pksjh&pdkjh bruh c<+ xbZ gS fd Mp yksxksa eas v¡xwBh iguus dk fjok”k rd ugha jg x;k gSA

67

forku

68

NksV&s NksVs cPps vkB&vkB] nl&nl cjl osQ gksxa s ysfdu yksxksa osQ ?kjksa dh f[kM+fd;k¡ rksM+ dj ?kql tkrs gSa vkSj tks Hkh gkFk yxk] mBk ys tkrs gSAa yksx ik¡p feuV osQ fy, Hkh viuk ?kj NksMu+ s dh fgEer ugha dj ldrs gS]a D;ksfa d ykSVus ij mUgsa ?kj esa >kM+w fiQjh feysxhA pksjh x, VkbijkbVjks]a bZjkuh dkyhuks]a fctyh ls pyus okyh ?kfM+;ks]a diM+kas vkfn dks ykSVkus osQ fy, v[kckjksa esa buke osQ foKkiu vk, fnu i<+us dks feyrs gSAa xyh&xyh uqDdM+kas ij yxh fctyh ls pyus okyh ?kfM+;k¡ yksx mrkj ys x, vkSj lkoZtfud VsyhIk+ Qksuksa dk iq”kkZ&iq”kkZ xk;c gks pqdk gSA Mpksa dh uSfrdrk vPNh ugha gSA lc Hkw[ks gSa_ udyh dkWI+kQh dks NksM+ nks rks ,d gÝ+rs dk jk'ku nks fnu Hkh ugha py ikrkA vHkh vkSj D;k ns[kuk ckdh gS] iq#"kksa dks teZuh Hkstk tk jgk gS] cPps chekj gSa ;k fiQj Hkw[k ls csgky gSa_ lc yksx iQVs&iqjkus diM+s vkSj f?kls&fiVs twrs igudj dke pyk jgs gSaA CySd ekosZQV esa twrs dk u;k ryk 7-50 fxYMj dk feyrk gSA blosQ vykok cgqr de eksph ejEer dk dke dj jgs gSa] ;fn os djrs Hkh gSa rks pkj eghus bar”kkj djuk iM+sxk vkSj bl chp twrk xk;c gks pqdk gksxkA bldk ,d ykHk Hkh gqvk gS] [kkuk ftruk [kjkc gksrk tk jgk gS fcozQh mruh gh xaHkhj gks jgh gS_ ljdkjh yksxksa ij geys dh ?kVuk,¡ c<+rh tk jgh gSAa [kk| dk;kZy;] iqfyl] vfèkdkjh& lHkh ;k rks vius lkFkh ukxfjdksa dh enn dj jgs gSa ;k mu ij dksbZ vkjksi yxkdj tsy esa Hkst nsrs gSAa lkSHkkX; ls cgqr de MPk yksx xyr i{k esa gSAa rqEgkjh] ,su eaxyokj] 11 vizSy] 1944 esjh I;kjh fd^h] esjk flj ?kwe jgk gSA le> esa ugha vk jgk] dgk¡ ls 'kq: d:¡A xq#okj (tc eSaus rqEgsa fiNyh ckj fy[kk Fkk) lc oqQN Bhd&Bkd FkkA 'kqozQokj (xqM izQkbMs) ge eksukiksyh [ksy [ksyrs jgsA 'kfuokj Hkh ge ;gh [ksy [ksysA fnu irk gh ugha pyk] oSQls chr x,A 'kfuokj dksbZ nks cts dk oDr jgk gksxk] rsT+k xksykckjh 'kq: gks xbZA e'khuxusa py jgh FkhaA enZ yksxksa dk ;gh dguk FkkA ckdh yksxksa osQ fy, lc oqQN 'kkar FkkA jfookj nksigj osQ oDr esjs vkea=k.k ij ihVj lk<+s pkj cts eq>ls feyus osQ fy, vk;kA lok ik¡p cts ge mQij lkeus okyh vVkjh ij pys x,A ogk¡ ge N% cts rd jgsA N% cts ls lok lkr cts rd jsfM;ks ij cgqr gh [kwclwjr eksR”kkVZ laxhr ct jgk FkkA eq>s jkf=k jkx cgqr gh Hkys yxsA EkSa jlksbZ esa rks laxhr lqu gh ugha ikrh] D;ksafd fnO; laxhr esjh vkRek dh xgjkb;ksa esa mrjrk pyk tkrk gSA jfookj osQ fnu ihVj Luku ugha

Mk;jh ds iUus

dj ik;k FkkA ugkus dk Vc uhps vkWfI+kQl esa xans diM+ksa ls Hkjk gqvk j[kk FkkA ge nksuksa mQij vVkjh ij ,d lkFk x,A ge nksuksa vkjke ls cSB losaQ] blfy, eq>s tks Hkh oqQ'ku lkeus uT+kj vk;k] eSa mQij ysrh xbZA ge ,d isVh ij cSB x,A vc gqvk ;g fd ,d rks og isVh cgqr NksVh Fkh vkSj nwljs oqQ'ku Hkh NksVk&lk gh Fkk] ge nksuksa ,d&nwljs ls cgqr lV dj cSBs gq, FksA lgkjk ysus osQ fy, gekjs ihNs nks vkSj isfV;k¡ Fkha ghA eks'ph gesa oaQiuh nsus osQ fy, gekjs lkFk Fkh ghA vpkud ikSus ukS cts feLVj oku nku us lhVh ctkbZ vkSj iwNk fd dgha ge feLVj Mlsy dk oqQ'ku rks ugha ys vk, gSaA ge owQns vkSj oqQ'ku ysdj lhèks uhps vk x,A fcYyh vkSj feLVj oku nku gekjs lkFk FksA ;g oqQ'ku gh lkjs >xM+s dh tM+ FkkA Mlsy blfy, [kI+kQk Fks fd eSa oks rfd;k mBk ykbZ Fkh ftls os oqQ'ku dh rjg bLrseky djrs FksA mUgsa Mj Fkk fd muosQ rfd, ij fiLlq fpid tk,¡xAs mUgksua s lkjs ?kj dks flj ij mBk j[kk Fkk D;ksfa d ge mudk oqQ'ku mBk yk, FksA cnyk ysus dh uh;r ls ihVj vkSj eSua s muosQ fcLrj eas nks dM+s cz'q k ?kqlMs + fn, ysfdu tc feLVj Mlsy us r; fd;k fd tkdj vius dejs esa cSBxas s rks gesa ;s cz'q k fudky ysus iM+As bl NksVs ls izglu ij ge g¡lrs&g¡lrs yksV&iksV gks x,A ysfdu gekjk g¡lh&eT+kkd tYnh gh [kRe gks x;kA lk<+s&ukS cts ihVj us gkSys ls njokT+kk [kV[kVk;k vkSj ikik ls dgk fd os ”kjk mQij vk,¡] mls vaxzs”kh osQ ,d dfBu okD; esa fnDdr vk jgh gSA ^eq>s rks nky esa oqQN dkyk uT+kj vk jgk gSA* eSaus ekxksZV ls dgk] ^r; gS] ihVj us fdlh vkSj cgkus ls ;g ckr dgh gSA* ftl rjhosQ ls enZ yksx ckr dj jgs gSa] eSa 'krZ yxk dj dg ldrh gw¡ fd lasèkekjh gks jgh FkhA firk th] feLVj oku nku vkSj ihVj yid dj uhps ig¡qp x,A ekxksZV] ek¡] fels”k oku nku vkSj EkSa mQij bar”kkj djrs jgsA pkj Mjh&lgeh vkSjrsa ckrsa gh rks dj ldrh gSaA tc rd geus uhps T+kksj dk ,d èkekdk ugha lquk] ge ckrksa esa yxh jghaA mlosQ ckn dk ekeyk gSA esjk lkspuk lgh FkkA

69

forku

70

mlh oDr xksnke esa lc oqQN 'kkar gks x;kA ?kM+h us ikSus nl ctk,A gekjs psgjksa dk jax mM+ pqdk Fkk] blosQ ckotwn fd ge Mjs gq, Fks] ge 'kkar cus jgsA vkneh yksx dgk¡ Fks\ ;s èkekosQ dh vkok”k oSQlh Fkh\ D;k os yksx lsaèkekjkas osQ lkFk yM+ jgs Fks\ ge Mj osQ ekjs lksp Hkh ugha ik jgs FksA ge flI+kZQ barT+kkj gh dj ldrs FksA nl cts] lhf<+;ksa ij dneksa dh vkok”ksa vkb±A ikik dk psgjk ihyk iM+ pqdk Fkk] os uoZl FksA igys os Hkhrj vk,A muosQ ihNs feLVj oku nku] ^cfÙk;k¡ can dj nks] ncs ik¡o mQij okyh eaf”ky ij pys tkvks] iqfyl osQ vkus dh vk'kadk gSA* vc Mjus dk oDr Hkh ugha cpk FkkA cfÙk;k¡ cq>k nh xb± FkhaA eSaus iQVkiQV ,d tSosQV mBkbZ vkSj ge mQij tkdj cSB x,A gesa oqQN Hkh crkusokyk dksbZ Hkh ugha FkkA enZ yksx okil uhps tk pqosQ FksA os pkjksa nl ct dj nl feuV rd okfil gh ugha vk,A nks yksx ihVj dh [kqyh f[kM+dh esa ls fuxkg j[ks gq, FksA lhf<+;ksa osQ chp okys njok”ks ij rkyk tM+ fn;k x;k FkkA cqdosQl can dj fn;k x;k FkkA geus jkr dks tykbZ tkus okyh cÙkh ij ,d LosVj Mky fn;kA rc mUgksaus gesa lc oqQN crk;k fd D;k gqvk FkkA ihVj vHkh lhf<+;ksa ij gh Fkk tc mlus T+kksj osQ nks èkekosQ lqusA og uhps x;k rks ns[krk D;k gS fd xksnke osQ njokT+ks esa ls ckb± rjI+kQ dk vkèkk iQ^k xk;c gSA og yid dj mQij vk;k vkSj ^gkse xkM~Zl* dks pkSdUuk fd;kA os pkjksa yiosQ&yiosQ uhps x,A tc os xksnke esa ig¡qps rks lasèkekj vius èkaèks esa yxs gq, FksA fcuk lksps&le>s feLVj oku nku fpYyk,] ^iqfyl---* ckgj Hkkxus dh vkok”ksa vkb±A lsaèkekj Hkkx pqosQ FksA iQ^s dks nksckjk mldh txg ij yxk;k x;k rkfd iqfyl dks bl xSi dk irk u pysA ysfdu vHkh ,d iy Hkh ugha chrk Fkk fd iQ^k fiQj okil uhps fxjk fn;k x;kA iq#"k yksx---laès kekjksa dh f
Mk;jh ds iUus

eaxyokj] 13 twu] 1944 esjh I;kjh fd^h] esjk ,d vkSj tUefnu xq”kj x;k gSA bl fglkc ls eSa ianzg cjl dh gks xbZ gw¡A eq>s dkI+kQh lkjs migkj feys gSa— fLizaxj dh ik¡p [kaMksa okyh dykRed bfrgkl iqLrd] pfb;ksa dk ,d lsV] nks csYVs]a ,d :eky] ngh osQ nks dVksj]s tSe dh 'kh'kh] 'kgn okys nks NksVs fcfLdV] eEeh&ikik dh rjI+kQ ls ouLifr foKku dh ,d fdrkc] ekxksVZ dh rjI+kQ ls lksus dk ,d czl s ysV] oku nku ifjokj dh rjI+kQ ls fLVdj ,yce] Mlsy dh rjI+kQ ls ck;ksekYV vkSj ehBs eVj] fe,i dh rjIk+ Q ls feBkbZ] csi dh rjI+kQ ls feBkbZ vkSj fy[kus osQ fy, dkWfi;k¡ vkSj lcls cM+h ckr feLVj oqQxyj dh rjIk+ Q ls ekfj;k rsjl s k uke dh fdrkc rFkk Øhe ls Hkjs ph”k osQ rhu LykblA ihVj us ihvksuh iwQyksa dk [kwclwjr xqynLrk fn;kA cspkjs dks ;s migkj tqVkus esa gh vPNh [kklh esgur djuh iM+hA ysfdu og oqQN vkSj tqVk gh ugha ik;kA csgn [kjkc ekSleμyxkrkj ckfj'k] gok,¡] vkSj mI+kQku ij leqnz osQ ckotwn geys 'kkunkj rjhosQ ls tkjh gSaA dy pfPZky] LeV~l] vkbtugkoj] rFkk vkeksZYM mu izQkalhlh xk¡oksa esa x, ftu ij fczfV'k lSfudksa us igys dC”kk dj fy;k Fkk vkSj ckn esa eqDr dj fn;kA pfPZky ,d VkWjihMks uko esa FksA blls rVksa ij xksykckjh dh tkrh gSA cgqr ls yksxksa dh rjg pfPZky dks Hkh irk ugha gSμMj fdl fpfM+;k dk uke gSA tUetkr cgknqjA ;gk¡ gekjh ,usDlh dh fdyscanh ls Mp yksxksa osQ ewM dh Fkkg ikuk cgqr eqf'dy gSA bl ckr esa dksbZ 'kd ugha fd yksxckx cSBs Bkys Hkh [kq'k jg ysrs gSaA fczfV'k lSfudksa us vkf[kj viuh dej dl gh yh gS vkSj vius edln dks iwjk djus osQ fy, fudy iM+s gSaA tks yksx ;s nkos djrs fiQj jgs gSa fd os fczfV'k }kjk dC”kk fd, tkus osQ i{k esa ugha gSa] ugha tkurs fd os fdruh xyrh ij gSaA muosQ roZQ dk dkj.k bruk Hkj gSμfczfV'k dks yM+rs jguk pkfg,] la?k"kZ djuk pkfg,] vkSj gkWySaM

71

forku

72

dks vk”kkn djkus osQ fy, vius 'kwjohj lSfudksa dh 'kgknr osQ fy, vkxs vkuk pkfg,A gkWySaM osQ lkFk&lkFk dC”ks okys nwljs ns'kksa dks Hkh vk”kkn djkuk pkfg,] ysfdu mlosQ ckn fczfV'k dks gkWySaM esa jQduk ugha pkfg,A blosQ ctk; mUgsa pkfg, fd os lHkh dC”ks okys ns'kksa ls gkFk tksM+&tksM+dj ekI+kQh ek¡xsa] Mp bZLV baMh”k dks mlosQ lgh gdnkjksa osQ gkFkksa esa lkSais vkSj FkosQ] VwVs] gkjs vkSj yqVs&fiVs vius ns'k fczVsu esa ykSV tk,¡A ew[kks± dh dgha dksbZ deh ugha gSA blosQ ckotwn] tSlk fd eSaus dgk] oqQNsd le>nkj Mp yksxksa dh Hkh deh ugha gSA vxj fczfV'k us teZuh osQ lkFk 'kkafr laf/ ij gLrk{kj dj fy, gksrs rks gkWySaM vkSj mlosQ iM+kslh ns'kksa dk D;k gky gqvk gksrkA mlosQ ikl ,slk djus osQ cgqr ekSosQ ekStwn FksA gkWySaM teZuh cu pqdk gksrk vkSj rc---;g gksuk gh lekfIr dk laosQr gksrkA lc oqQN [kRe gks tkus dk laosQrA ,sls lHkh Mp yksx] tks vHkh Hkh fczfV'k dks fgdkjr ls ns[krs gSa] fczVsu dh f[kYyh mM+krs gS]a mlosQ cqs le>rs gSAa eSa fdlh vkSj dh rqyuk esa viuh dbZ de”kksfj;ksa vkSj [kkfe;ksa dks csgrj rjhosQ ls tkurh gwA¡ ysfdu ,d I+kQoZQ gSμeSa tkurh gw¡ fd eSa [kqn dks cnyuk pkgrh gw]¡ cnywx¡ h vkSj dkIk+ Qh gn rd cny pqdh gwA¡ rc ,slk D;ksa gS] eSa vius vki ls ;g loky iwNrh gw¡ fd yksx eq>s vHkh Hkh bruk ukd ?kqlsM+w vkSj vius vkidks rhlekj[kk¡ le>us okyh D;ksa ekurs gSa\ D;k eSa okdbZ vD[kM+ gw¡\ D;k eSa gh vosQyh vD[kM+ gw¡ ;k os lc gh gSa\ ;g lc okfg;kr yxrk gS] eq>s irk gSA ysfdu eSa mQij fy[kk ;s vkf[kjh okD; dkVus okyh ughaA ;s okD; bruk ew[kZrkiw.kZ ugha gS ftruk yxrk gSA eq> ij ges'kk vkjksiksa dh ckSNkj djrs jgus okys nks yksx gSa fels”k oku nku vkSj Mlsy] muosQ ckjs esa lcdks irk gS fd os fdrus tM+cqf¼ gSaA ew[kZ ftlosQ vkxs dksbZ fo'ks"k.k yxkus dh ”k:jr ughaA ew[kZ yksx vkerkSj ij bl ckr dks lgu ugha dj ikrs fd dksbZ muls csgrj dke djosQ fn[kk,A vkSj bldk lcls cf<+;k mnkgj.k ;s nks tM+efr] fels”k oku nku vkSj ew[kkZfèkjkt Mlsy gSaA fels”k oku nku eq>s blfy, ew[kZ le>rh gSa D;ksafd eSa muosQ ftruh chekfj;ksa dh f'kdkj ugha gw¡A os eq>s vD[kM+ le>rh gSa D;ksafd os eq>ls Hkh ”;knk vD[kM+ gSaA os le>rh gSa fd esjh iks'kkosaQ NksVh iM+ xbZ gSa] D;ksafd mudh iks'kkosaQ vkSj Hkh ”;knk NksVh iM+ xbZ gSaA vkSj os le>rh gSa fd eSa vius vkidks oqQN ”;knk gh rhlekj[kk¡ le>rh gw¡ D;ksafd os mu fo"k;ksa ij

Mk;jh ds iUus

eq>ls Hkh nks xquk ”;knk cksyrh gSa ftuosQ ckjs esa os [kkd Hkh ugha tkurhaA ;g ckr Mlsy ij Hkh fiQV gksrh gSA ysfdu esjh fiz; dgkor gSμ^tgk¡ vkx gksxh] /qvk¡ Hkh ogha gksxk*A vkSj eq>s ;g ekuus esa jÙkh&Hkj Hkh ladksp ugha gS fd eSa lc oqQN tkurh gw¡A esjs O;fDrRo osQ lkFk lcls eqf'dy ckr ;g gS fd eSa fdlh Hkh vkSj O;fDr dh rqyuk esa vius vkidks lcls f/Ddkjrh gw¡] ;fn ek¡ viuh lykgsa nsuk 'kq: dj nsrh gSa rks muosQ mins'kksa dh iksVyh bruh Hkkjh gks tkrh gS fd eq>s Mj yxus yxrk gSμ oSQls gksxh blls eqfDr! tc rd ,su dk ogh iqjkuk :i lkeus ugha vk tkrkμ ^eq>s dksbZ ugha le>rkA* ;g okD; esjk fgLlk gSA cs'kd yxs fd ,slk ugha gksxk] fiQj Hkh blesa FkksM+s ls lp dk va'k gSA dbZ ckj rks eSa vius vkidks izrkfM+r djrs gq, bruh xgjs mrj tkrh gw¡ fd lkaRouk osQ nks cksy lquus osQ fy, rjl tkrh gw¡ fd dksbZ vk, vkSj eq>s blls mckjsA dk'k] dksbZ rks gksrk tks esjh Hkkoukvksa dks xaHkhjrk ls le> ikrkA vI+kQlksl] ,slk O;fDr eq>s vc rd ugha feyk gS] blfy, ryk'k tkjh jgsxhA eq>s irk gS] rqe ihVj osQ ckjs esa lkspdj gSjku gks jgh gksA ugha D;k] fd^h\ eSa ekurh gw¡ fd ;g lp gS fd ihVj eq>s I;kj djrk gS] xyZisazQM dh rjg ugha cfYd ,d nksLr dh rjgA mldk Lusg fnu ij fnu c<+rk gh tk jgk gS_ ysfdu dbZ ckj dksbZ jgL;e;h rkdr ge nksuksa dks ihNs dh rjI+kQ [khaprh gSA eSa ugha tkurh fd oks dkSu&lh 'kfDr gSA dbZ ckj eSa lksprh gw¡ fd eSa mlosQ ihNs ftl rjg izsenhokuh cuh jgrh gw¡] mls c<+k&p<+kdj crk jgh gw¡] ysfdu ;g lp ugha gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd vxj eSa mlosQ dejs esa ,d&nks fnu osQ fy, u tk ikmQ¡ rks esjh cqjh gkyr gks tkrh gSA eSa mlosQ fy, rM+ius yxrh gw¡A ihVj vPNk vkSj Hkyk yM+dk gS_ ysfdu mlus eq>s dbZ rjg ls fujk'k fd;k gSA /eZ osQ izfr mldh uI+kQjr] [kkus osQ ckjs esa mldk ckrsa djuk vkSj bl rjg dh vkSj dbZ ckrsa eSa fcYkoqQy Hkh ilan ugha djrhA blosQ

73

forku

74

ckotwn eq>s iDdk ;dhu gS fd geus tks ok;nk fd;k gS fd dHkh >xM+saxs ugha] ge ml ij ges'kk fVosQ jgsaxsA ihVj 'kkafrfiz;] lgu'khy vkSj csgn lgt vkReh; O;fDr gSA og eq>s dbZ ,slh ckrsa Hkh dg ysus nsrk gS ftUgsa dgus dh og viuh eEeh dks Hkh btk”kr u nsrkA og n`<+ fu'p;h gksdj bl eqfge ij tqVk gqvk gS fd og vius ij yxs gq, lHkh bY”kkeksa ls vius vkidks ikd&lkI+kQ djs vkSj vius dke&dkt esa lyhdk yk,A blosQ ckotwn og vius Hkhrjh ^Lo* dks eq>ls Nqikrk D;ksa gS vkSj eq>s dHkh Hkh bl ckr dh vuqefr ugha nsrk fd eSa mlesa >k¡ow¡QA fu'p; gh] og esjh rqyuk esa ”;knk ?kqUuk gS] ysfdu eSa vuqHko ls tkurh gw¡ (gkyk¡fd eq> ij yxkrkj ;g vkjksi yxk;k tkrk gS fd tks oqQN Hkh tkuuk pkfg, og eSa F;ksjh esa tkurh gw¡] O;ogkj esa ugha) fd dbZ ckj] ,sls ?kqUus yksx Hkh] ftuls laokn dj ikuk cgqr eqf'dy gksrk gS] viuh ckr fdlh ls dg ikus dh mRdV pkg fy, gksrs gSaA ihVj vkSj eSaus] nksuksa us vius ¯pru'khy cjl] ,usDlh esa gh fcrk, gSaA ge vdlj Hkfo";] orZeku vkSj vrhr dh ckrsa djrs gSa] ysfdu tSlk fd eSa rqEgsa crk pqdh gw¡] eSa vlyh ph”k dh deh eglwl djrh gw¡ vkSj tkurh gw¡ fd og ekStwn gSA D;k bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd eSa vjls ls ckgj ugha fudyh gw¡ vkSj izo`Qfr osQ fy, ikxy gqbZ tk jgh gw¡A eSa ml oDr dks ;kn djrh gw¡ tc uhyk vkleku] if{k;ksa dh pgpgkus dh vkok”k] pk¡nuh vkSj f[kyrh dfy;k¡] bu ph”kksa us eq>s dHkh Hkh vius tknw ls ck¡èkk u gksrkA esjs ;gk¡ vkus osQ ckn ph”ksa cny xbZ gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy, Nqf^;ksa osQ nkSjku dh ckr gSA csgn xjeh FkhA eSa jkr osQ lk<+s X;kjg cts rd ”kcjnLrh vk¡[ksa [kksys cSBh jgh rkfd eSa vius vosQys osQ cwrs ij vPNh rjg pk¡n dks ns[k low¡QA vI+kQlksl] esjh lkjh esgur csdkj xbZA pkSaèk bruh ”;knk Fkh fd f[kM+dh [kksyus dk tksf[ke ugha fy;k tk ldrk FkkA dbZ eghus ckn ,d vkSj ekSdk ,slk vk;k FkkA ml jkr eSa mQij okyh eaf”ky ij FkhA f[kM+dh [kqyh gqbZ FkhA tc rd f[kM+dh can djus dk oDr ugha gks x;k] eSa ogha cSBh jghA ;g xgjh] lk¡oyh cjlkr dh jkr FkhA rs”k gok,¡ py jgh FkhaA cknyksa osQ chp yqdkfNih py jgh FkhA bl lkjs u”kkjs us eq>s ea=keqX/ dj fn;k FkkA fiNys Ms<+ cjl esa ;g igyh ckj gks jgk Fkk fd eSa vkeus&lkeus jkr ls lk{kkRdkj dj jgh FkhA ml 'kke osQ ckn izo`Qfr ls lk{kkRdkj djus dh esjh pkg yxkrkj c<+rh xbZ FkhA rc eq>s pksj mpDdksa] eksVs dkys pwgs ;k iqfyl osQ Nkis dk Hkh Mj ugha jgk FkkA eSa vosQys gh uhps pyh xbZ Fkh vkSj jlksbZ rFkk izkbosV vkWfI+kQl dh f[kM+dh ls izo`Qfr osQ u”kkjs ns[krh jgh FkhA dbZ yksx lksprs gSa fd izo`Qfr lqanj gksrh gS] dbZ yksx le;≤ ij rkjksa Hkjs vkleku osQ rys lksrs gSa] vkSj dbZ yksx vLirkyksa vkSj tsyksa esa ml fnu dh jkg ns[krs

Mk;jh ds iUus

jgrs gSa fd os dc vk”kkn gksaxs vkSj os fiQj ls izo`Qfr osQ bl vuwBs migkj dk vkuan ys ik,¡xsA izo`Qfr xjhc&vehj osQ chp dksbZ HksnHkko ugha djrhA ;g esjh dYiuk ek=k ugha gSμvkleku] cknyksa] pk¡n vkSj rkjksa dh rjI+kQ ns[kuk eq>s 'kkafr vkSj vk'kk dh Hkkouk ls ljkcksj dj nsrk gSA ;g osysfj;u ;k czksekbM dh rqyuk esa vk”kek;k gqvk csgrj uqL[kk gSA 'kkafr ikus dh jkeck.k nokA izo`Qfr eq>s fouezrk dk migkj nsrh gS vkSj blls eSa cM+s ls cM+k /Ddk Hkh fgEer osQ lkFk >sy tkrh gw¡A ysfdu fdLer dk fy[kk ;gh gSμoqQNsd nqyZHk voljksa dks NksM+dj eSa eSy ls phdV gqbZ f[kM+fd;ksa esa [kq¡ls xans ijnksa esa ls izo`Qfr dks cgqr gh de fugkj ikrh gw¡A bl rjg ls ns[kus ls vkuan ysus dh lkjh Hkkouk gh ej tkrh gSA izo`Qfr gh rks ,d ,slk ojnku gS ftldk dksbZ lkuh ughaA dbZ iz'uksa esa ls ,d iz'u tks eq>s vdlj ijs'kku djrk jgrk gS vkSj vHkh Hkh le>k tkrk gS ;g dg nsuk cgqr gh vklku gS fd ;s xyr gS] ysfdu esjs fy, bruk gh dkI+kQh ugha gSA eSa bl fojkV vU;k; osQ dkj.k tkuuk pkgrh gwA¡ laHkor% iq#"kksa us vkSjrksa ij 'kq: ls gh bl vkèkkj ij 'kklu djuk 'kq: fd;k fd os mudh rqyuk esa 'kkjhfjd :i ls ”;knk l{ke gSa_ iq#"k gh dekdj ykrk gS_ cPps ikyrk ikslrk gS_ vkSj tks eu esa vk,] djrk gS] ysfdu gky gh esa fLFkfr cnyh gSA vkSjrsa vc rd bu lcdks lgrh pyh vk jgh Fkha] tks fd csoowQI+kQh gh FkhA pw¡fd bl izFkk dks ftruk vfèkd tkjh j[kk x;k] ;g mruh gh xgjkbZ ls viuh tM+sa tekrh pyh xbZA lkSHkkX; ls] f'k{kk] dke rFkk izxfr us vkSjrksa dh vk¡[ksa [kksyh gSaA dbZ ns'kksa esa rks mUgsa cjkcjh dk gd fn;k tkus yxk gSA dbZ yksxksa us] dbZ vkSjrksa us vkSj oqQNsd iq#"kksa us Hkh vc bl ckr dks eglwl fd;k gS fd brus yacs vjls rd bl rjg dh okfg;kr fLFkfr dks >syrs tkuk xyr gh FkkA vkèkqfud efgyk,¡ iwjh rjg Lora=k gksus dk gd pkgrh gSaA

75

forku

76

ysfdu bruk gh dkI+kQh ugha gSA efgykvksa dk Hkh iwjk lEeku fd;k tkuk pkfg,A vkerkSj ij ns[kk tk, rks iwjh nqfu;k esa iq#"k oxZ dks iwjk lEeku feyrk gS rks efgykvksa us gh D;k oqQlwwj fd;k gS fd os blls oafpr jgsa vkSj mUgsa vius fgLls dk lEeku u feysA lSfudksa vkSj ;q¼ksa osQ ohjksa dk lEeku fd;k tkrk gS] mUgsa vyao`Qr fd;k tkrk gS] mUgsa vej cuk Mkyus rd dk 'kkS;Z iznku fd;k tkrk gS] 'kghnksa dks iwtk Hkh tkrk gS] ysfdu fdrus yksx ,sls gSa tks vkSjrksa dks Hkh lSfud dk ntkZ nsrs gSa\ ^ekSr osQ f[kykI+kQ euq";* uke dh fdrkc esa eSaus i<+k Fkk fd vkerkSj ij ;q¼ esa yM+us okys ohj dks ftruh rdyhI+kQ] ihM+k] chekjh vkSj ;a=k.kk ls xq”kjuk iM+rk gS] mlls dgha vfèkd rdyhI+ksaQ vkSjrsa cPps dks tUe nsrs le; >syrh gSa vkSj bu lkjh rdyhI+kQksa ls xq”kjus osQ ckn mls iqjLdkj D;k feyrk gS\ tc cPpk tuus osQ ckn mldk 'kjhj viuk vkd"kZ.k [kks nsrk gS rks mls ,d rjI+kQ èkfd;k fn;k tkrk gS] mlosQ cPps mls NksM+ nsrs gSa vkSj mldk lkSan;Z mlls fonk ys ysrk gSA vkSjr gh rks gS tks ekuo tkfr dh fujarjrk dks cuk, j[kus osQ fy, bruh rdyhI+kQksa ls xq”kjrh gS vkSj la?k"kZ djrh gS] cgqr vfèkd e”kcwr vkSj cgknqj flikfg;ksa ls Hkh ”;knk esgur djosQ [kVrh gSA og ftruk la?k"kZ djrh gS] mruk rks cM+h&cM+h Mhaxsa gk¡dusokys ;s lkjs flikgh feydj Hkh ugha djrsA esjk ;s dgus dk drbZ eryc ughaa gS fd vkSjrksa dks cPps tuuk can dj nsuk pkfg,] blosQ foijhr izo`Qfr pkgrh gS fd os ,slk djsa vkSj bl otg ls mUgsa ;g dke djrs jguk pkfg,A eSa ftl ph”k dh HkRlZuk djrh gw¡ og gS gekjs ewY;ksa dh izFkk vkSj ,sls O;fDr;ksa dh eSa HkRlZuk djrh gw¡ tks ;g ckr ekuus dks rS;kj gh ugha gksrs fd lekt esa vkSjrksa] [kwclwjr vkSj lkSan;Ze;h vkSjrksa dk ;ksxnku fdruk egku vkSj eqf'dy gSA eSa bl iqLrd osQ ys[kd Jh iksy ns ozqQbiQ th ls iwjh rjg lger gw¡ tc os dgrs gSa fd iq#"kksa dks ;g ckr lh[kuh gh pkfg, fd lalkj osQ ftu fgLlksa dks ge lH; dgrs gSaμogk¡ tUe vfuok;Z vkSj Vkyk u tk ldus okyk dke ugha jg x;k gSA vknfe;ksa osQ fy, ckr djuk cgqr vklku gksrk gSμmUgsa vkSjrksa }kjk >syh tkus okyh rdyhI+kQksa ls dHkh Hkh xq”kjuk ugha iM+sxkA esjk fo'okl gS fd vxyh lnh vkus rd ;g ekU;rk cny pqdh gksxh fd cPps iSnk djuk gh vkSjrksa dk dke gSA vkSjrsa ”;knk lEeku vkSj ljkguk dh gdnkj cusxa hA os lc vkSjrsa tks ,d mIk+ Q Hkh fd, fcuk] ;g yac&s pkSMs+ c[kkuksa osQ fcuk ;s rdyhI+kQas lgrh gSAa rqEgkjh ,su-,e-izSaQd μ vuqokn % lwjtizdk'k

Mk;jh ds iUus

vH;kl 1- ¶;g lkB yk[k yksxksa dh rjI+kQ ls cksyusokyh ,d vkok”k gSA ,d ,slh vkok”k] tks fdlh lar ;k dfo dh ugha] cfYd ,d lkèkkj.k yM+dh dh gSA¸ bY;k bgjucqxZ dh bl fVIi.kh osQ lanHkZ esa ,su izSaQd dh Mk;jh osQ ifBr va'kksa ij fopkj djsaA 2- ¶dk'k] dksbZ rks gksrk tks esjh Hkkoukvksa dks xaHkhjrk ls le> ikrkA vI+kQlksl] ,slk O;fDr eq>s vc rd ugha feyk---A¸ D;k vkidks yxrk gS fd ,su osQ bl dFku esa mlosQ Mk;jh ys[ku dk dkj.k fNik gS\ 3- ^izo`Qfr&iznÙk iztuu&'kfDr osQ mi;ksx dk vf/dkj cPps iSnk djsa ;k u djsa vFkok fdrus cPps iSnk djsaμ bl dh Lora=krk L=kh ls Nhu dj gekjh fo'o&O;oLFkk us u flI+kZQ L=kh dks O;fDrRo&fodkl osQ vusd voljksa ls oafpr fd;k gS cfYd tukaf/D; dh leL;k Hkh iSnk dh gS*A ,su dh Mk;jh osQ 13 twu] 1944 osQ va'k esa O;Dr fopkjksa osQ lanHkZ esa bl dFku dk vkSfpR;
77

forku

uk”kh vfHkys[kkxkj ds nLrkos”kksa esa eg”k ,d uke osQ :i esa nI+kQu gS ,su izSaQd

78

cknjksylsu] 26 uoacj (,ih)A uk”kh ;kruk f'kfojksa dk jkSxa Vs [kM+s djus okyk fp=k.k dj nqfu;k Hkj esa e'kgwj gqbZ ,suh iSQaz d dk uke gkySMa osQ mu g”kkjksa yksxksa dh lwph esa eg”k ,d uke osQ :i esa ntZ gS tks ;kruk f'kfojksa esa can FksA uk”kh ujlagkj ls tqMs+ nLrkos”kksa osQ nqfu;k osQ lcls cM+s vfHkys[kkxkj ,d th.kZ'kh.kZ iQkby esa 40 uacj osQ vkxs fy[kk gqvk gS&,suh iSQaz dA ,suh dh Mk;jh us mls fo'o esa [kkl cuk fn;k ysfdu 1944 esa flracj ekg osQ fdlh ,d fnu og Hkh ckdh yksxksa dh rjg ,d uke Hkj FkhA ,d Hk;Hkhr cPph ftls ckdh 1018 ;gwfn;ksa osQ lkFk i'kqvksa dks
ckn esa eqvko”ks osQ nkoksa osQ lac/ a esa izek.k i=k tkjh djus esa fd;k tkrk jgk gSA ysfdu vke yksxksa dks bls ns[kus dh vuqefr ugha nh xbZ gSA eè; teZuh osQ bl 'kgj esa 25-7 fdyksehVj yach vyekfj;ksa vkSj oSQfcusVksa esa laxfz gr bu I+kQkbyksa esa mu g”kkjksa ;kruk f'kfojks]a ca/v q k e”knwj osQa nzkas vkSj mRihM+u osQa nzkas ls tqMs+ nLrkos”kksa dk iw.kZ laxgz miyC/ gSA fdlh ”kekus esa FkMZ jh[k osQ :i eas izfl¼ bl 'kgj esa dbZ vfHkys[kkxkj gSAa izR;sd esa ;q¼ ls tqMh+ =kklfn;ksa dk ys[kktks[kk j[kk x;k gSA vkbZVh,l esa ,uh iSQza d dk uke uk”kh nLrkos”kksa osQ ik¡p djksM+ iÂksa esa osQoy ,d ckj vk;k gS osLVjcksdZ ls 19 ebZ ls 6 flracj 1944 osQ chp Hksts x, yksxksa ls tqMh+ I+kQkbYk esa iSQaz d miuke ls ntZuksa uke nTkZ gSAa bl lwph esa ,suh dk uke] tUefrfFk] ,ElVMZe dk irk vkSj ;kruk f'kfoj osQ fy, jokuk gksus dh rkjh[k ntZ gSA bu yksxksa dks dgk¡ ys tk;k x;k og dkye [kkyh NksM+ fn;k x;k gSA vkbZVh,l osQ ize[q k ;wMks tksLr us iksyMaS osQ ;kruk f'kfoj dk f”kØ djrs gq, dgkμ ;fn LFkku dk uke ugha fn;k x;k gS rks bldk eryc ;g vk'kfop FkkA ,suh] mudh cgu ekxksZV o mlosQ ekrk firk dks pkj vU; ;gwfn;ksa osQ lkFk 1944 esa fxjÝrkj fd;k x;k FkkA ,suh Mp ukxfjd ugha teZu 'kj.kkFkhZ FkhA ;kruk f'kfojksa osQ ckjs esa ,suh dh Mk;jh 1952 esa ^,suh iSQza d nh Mk;jh vkWI+kQ n ;ax XkyZ* 'kh"kZd ls Nih FkhA μ lkHkkj tulÙkk 27 uoacj] 2006