d{kk&12 fo"k; jlk;u 'kkL= vkn'kZ iz'u i= lsV A le; 3 ?kaVs funsZ'k %& 12345-

iw.kkZd % 75

lHkh iz'u vfuok;Z gSA iz'u Øekad 1 ls 4 rd oLrqfu"B rFkk ,d&,d vad okys gSA iz'u Øekad 5 ls 17 rd lHkh iz'uksa esa fodYi dk izko/kku gSA iz'u ØØ- 5 ls ls 14 rd 4 vad vkSj 15 ls 17 gsrq 5 vad vkoafVr gSA 4 vadks okys iz'uksa gsrq 'kCn lhek yxHkx 75 ,oa 5 vadks ds fy;s vf/kdre 'kCn lhek 100 ds yxHkx gksuh pkfg;sA

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.

All questions are compulsory

2.

From question no. 1 to 4 are objective in nature and each carry one mark.

3.

There is internal choice in each question from 5 to 17.

4.

4 marks are alloted from question 5 to 14 and 5 marks alloted from 15 to 17.

5.

Limit of answers for 4 marks is approxmately 75 words and for 5 marks upto 100 words.

iz-1

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft, & ¼i½

fof'k"V pkydrk dh bdkbZ --------------------------- gSA

¼ii½

csUthu rFkk VkWywbZu dk feJ.k ,d ------------------------------- foy;u gSA

¼iii½

lkcquhdj.k fØ;k ------------------- dksfV dh vfHkfØ;k dk mnkgj.k gSA

¼iv½

¶yksjhu dk ijek.kq Øekad gSA

¼v½

v.kqla[;rk lnSo ---------------------------- gksrh gSA

Fill in the blanks :(i)

Unit of specific conductivity is .................... .....................

(ii)

The mixture of Benzene and Toluene is a ........... solution

(iii) Saporication reaction is an example of .... order of reaction (iv) The atomic number of Florine is ........................................... (v) iz-2

Molecularity is always a .......................................................

,d okD; esa mRrj fy[ksaA ¼i½

dksykWbMh d.kksa dh xfr dks D;k grs gSa \

¼ii½

gkbMªkstu ij vkWDlkbM dk QkWLQksfjd vEy }kjk vi?kVu dkSu ls izdkj dk mRizsjd dgykrk gSA

¼iii½

ok;qeaMy esa mifLFkr fo"kSyh xSlksa dks vf/k"kksf"kr djus ds fy;s iz;qDr midj.k dk uke fyf[k,A

¼iv½

d&Cykd

¼v½

iUnzgosa lewg ds rRoksa dks D;k dgrs gSaA

ds rRo dks D;k dgrs gSaA

Write answer in one sentene. (i)

Moment of particles of colliodes is called?

(ii)

The decomposition of Hydrogen peroxide by Phospbhoric acid represents which kind of Catalyst?

(iii) Write the name of device containing an Adsorbant which adsorbs poisonous gases from the atmosphere. (iv) d-blocks elements are called ? (v) iz-3

Give one name to fifteenth group of elements.

izR;sd oLrqfu"B esa fn;s x;s fodYiksa esa ls lgh mRrj fyf[k;s %& Write the correct answer from the given options provided in every objective type question.

v

fo|qr dk loksZRre lqpkyd kyd gS ¼i½

ghjk

¼ii½ xzsQkbV

¼iii½ flfydkWu

¼vi½ vØ"Vyh; dkcZu

Best conductor of electricity is (i) c

Diamond (ii) Graphite Amorphous Carbon

(iii) Silicon

CuSO4 . 5H2O dgykrk gS ¼i½

gjk dlhl

¼iii½ lQsn dlhl

¼ii½ uhyk dlhl ¼iv½ ftIle

CuSO4 . 5H2O also known as (i)

Green Vitrol

(iii) White Vitrol l

(ii)

Blue Vitrol

(iv) Gypsum

fuEufyf[kr esa ls 8%8 dksvkfMZus'ku dk mnkgj.k gS

(iv)

C.

n

D.

b

¼i½

KCl

¼ii½

CaF2

¼iii½

CSCl

¼iv½

ZnS

Which is the example of 8:8 coordination in following ¼i½

KCl

¼ii½

CaF2

¼iii½

CSCl

¼iv½

ZnS

foVkfeu B12 esa /kkrq mifLFkr gS %& ¼i½

Mg

¼ii½

Fe

¼iii½

Co

¼iv½

Zn

Metal present in Vitamin B12 is ¼i½

Mg

¼ii½

Fe

¼iii½

Co

¼iv½

Zn

lw= C3H9N ds laHko leko;oh esa izkFkfed ,ehu dh la[;k gS %& ¼i½

1

¼ii½

2

¼iii½

¼iv½

3

Possible number of primary Amine isomers of formula C3H9N is

¼i½ iz-4

1

¼ii½

2

¼iii½

¼iv½

3

4

LrEHk ^v* ds fy;s LrE LrEHk rEHk ^c* ls pqudj lgh tksM+h cukb;sA

¼i½

v

c

,uhyhu

vk;fud fØLVy

¼ii½ nw/k

ZnS

¼iii½ NaCl

ik;l

¼iv½ Ýsady nks"k

C6H5N2Cl

¼v½ Mk;tksfu;e yo.k

C6H5NH2

lgla;ksth fØLVy >kx kx Make the correct pair from Column "A" choosing from Column "B"

¼i½

iz-5

A

B

Aniline

Ionic Crystal

¼ii½ Milk

ZnS

¼iii½ NaCl

Emulsin

¼iv½ Frankel defect

C6H5N2Cl

¼v½ Diazonium salt

C6H5NH2 Covalent crystal Form

vfHkfØ;k dh dksfV ls D;k vfHkizk; gSA fuEufyf[kr vfHkfØ;k dh dksfV crkb;sA ¼i½

H 2 + I 2 → 2 HI

¼ii½

2 N 2 O5 → 4 NO2 + O2

What do you mean by order of a reaction? Give the order of reaction of following reactions (i)

H 2 + I 2 → 2 HI

(ii)

2 N 2 O5 → 4 NO2 + O2

(OR) vfHkfØ;k dh nj dks izHkkfor djus okys fdUgh pkj dkjdksa dks le>kb;sA Describe any four factors affecting rate of reaction iz-6

dkWij lYQsV foy;u dh fuEu ds lkFk gksus okyh vfHkfØ;kvksa ds dsoy lehj.k fyf[k;sA

(i)

NaOH foy;u

(ii)

NH4OH

(iii) KI foy;u (iv) KCN Write the chemical equation only when CuSO4reacts with the following regents

(i)

NaOH Solution

(ii)

NH4OH

(iii) KI Solution (iv) KCN (OR) dkWij ,oa yksgs ds nks izeq[k v;Ldksa ds uke o lw= fyf[k, \ Write the name and chemical formula of two ores of each of copper and Iron ? iz-7

veksfu;k fuekZ.k dh gSoj fof/k ds ds la;a= dk ukekafdr js[kkfp= cukb;s ,oa gksus okyh jklk;fud fØ;k dh lehdj.k nhft;sA Draw a labelled diagram for the manufacture of NH3 by Haber's process and write equation of the reaction taking place.

vFkok (OR) yky QkWLQksjl rFkk lQsn QkWLQksjl ds pkj xq.kksa dh rqyuk dhft,A Compare any four the properties of red phosphorus with white phosphorus. iz-8

fojatd pw.kZ ds pkj mi;ksx nhft, A Give four uses of Bleaching powder (OR)

Dyksjhu }kjk Qwyksa dk fojatu LFkkbZ gksrk gSA tcfd SO2 }kjk Qwyksa dk fojatu vLFkkbZ gksrk gS D;ksa \ Decolorization of flowers by SO2 is temporary while chlorine decolorize them permanent why ? iz-9

cuZj ds milgla;ksth ;ksfxd ds fl)kUr dh izeq[k pkj vfHkxzghr fyf[k,A fyf[k,A Explain four main postulates of werner's theory of co-ordination compound. (OR) fuEu fyf[kr dks le>kb;sA ¼i½

vk;uu leko;ork

¼ii½

dkcZ/kkfRod ;kSfxdksa ds mi;ksx

Explain following (i)

Ionization Isomerism.

(ii)

Uses of organo metallic compound.

iz-10 fuEufyf[kr jklk;f jklk;fud vfHkfØ;kvks vfHkfØ;kvksa ds fy, dsoy lehdj.k lehdj.k fy[kksaA ¼i½

ls.M es;j vfHkfØ;kA

¼ii½

gqUlMhdj vfHkfØ;kA

¼iii½

dkfcZy ,ehu vfHkfØ;kA

¼iv½

oqVZt vfHkfØ;kA

Write only the equation for following chemical reaction. (i)

Sand Meyer reaction

(ii)

Hunsdicker reaction

(iii) Carbyl amine reaction

(iv) Wurtz reaction (OR) D;k gksrk gS tc & ¼i½

,fFky czksekbM dks ,Ydksgyh flYoj ukbVªkbV foy;u ds lkFk fØ;k djrk gSA

¼ii½

CHCl3 dh fØ;k HNO3 ds lkFk gksrh gSA

¼iii½

CHCl3 dks lw;Z izdk'k vksj ue gok esa [kqyk NksM+ fn;k tkrk gSA

¼iv½

CHCl3 dks Ag pw.kZ ds lkFk xeZ djrs gSaA

What happens when -

(i)

Ethyl bromide reacts with silver nitrite in presence of alcohol

(ii)

CHCl3 react with HNO3

(iii) CHCl3 exposed in moist air and sunlight. (iv) CHCl3 heated with Ag powder. iz-11 ¼i½

fQukWy ,oa ,Ydksgy esa foHksn dhft, ¼dksbZ pkj½ vFkok

¼ii½

bZFkj dh iz;ksx 'kkyk fof/k dk dsoy ukekafdr fp= cukdj vfHkfØ;k fyf[k,A

(i)

Differentiate phenol and alcohol (Any four)? OR

(ii)

Draw labelled diagram of Lab. method of ether and write chemical reaction only.

iz-12 QkesZfYMgkbM ds pkj mi;ksx fyf[k;sA Write four uses of formadehyde.

vFkok ¼OR½ fuEufyf[kr jklk;fud fØ;kvksa ds dsoy lehdj.k fyf[k;sA

Write followwing reactions (only equation) ¼i½

ifdZu vfHkfØ;kA

¼ii½

jkstueqaM vfHkfØ;kA

(i)

Parkin's reaction

(ii)

Rojanmund reaction

iz-13 dkcksZgkbMªsV D;k gksrs gSa \ buds dksbZ nks dk;Z crkb;sA What are carbohydrates ? Give their any two functions (OR) foVkfeu D;k gksrs gSaA foVkfeu A, C dh deh ls gksus okys jksx crkb;sA What are vitamins ? Mention diseases caused by deficiency of vitamin A, C. iz-14 fuEu ij la{ksi esa fVIi.kh fyf[k, ¼i½

vkpk;Z pjd

¼ii½

viektZd

Write the short notes on the following (i)

Acharya Charak

(ii)

Detergent (OR)

fuEu ij fVIi.kh fyf[k,A ¼i½

vQhe

¼ii½

d`f=e e/kqdkjd

Write the short notes on the following (i)

Opium

(ii)

Artificial sweeteners

iz-15 laØe.k /kkrqvksa esa ladqy ;kSfxd cukus dh izo`fRr gksrh gS D;ksa \ ¼i½

ik;jks Y;wlkbV v;Ld ds iksVsf'k;e ijesxusV cukus dh fof/k dks lehdj.k lfgr nhft,A

(i)

Transition metals have tendency to form complex compound why ?

(ii)

Give the method for the preparation of pottassium permaganate with equation from pyrolusite are (OR) ySUFksukbM ,oa ,fDVukbV dh 5 fcUnqvksa esa rqyuk dhft,A Compare any 5 points betwen lanthanides and actinides

iz-16 jkmYV ds fu;e dh O;k[;k dhft, rFkk bldh lhek,sa fyf[k,A Define rault's law and state it limitations. (OR) (i)

ijklj.k fdls dgrs gSaA ijklj.k ,oa ijklj.k nkc dks le>kb;sA Explain Osmosis and Osmotic pressure ?

(ii)

Xywdksl ds ml foy;u dh lkUnzrk Kkr djks tks 6-0 xzke izfr yhVj ;wfj;k foy;u ds leijkljh gSA ¼Xywdksl dk v.kq Hkkj ¾ 180 rFkk ;wfj;k dk v.kq Hkkj ¾ 60½ Find the concentration of glucose solution which is isotonic of 6.0 = gm/ltr. Urea solution (Molecular weight of glucose is = 180 and molecular weight of Urea is = 60.)

iz-17 1- dksyjk'k dk fu;e D;k gS \ blds vuqiz;ks ;ksx crkb;sA What is Kohlrausch's law ? give applications of Kohlrausch's law

vFkok (OR)

2- la{kkj.k D;k gS \ la{kkj.k dh fo|qr jklk;fud fØ;k dks le>kb;sA What is corrosion ? Describe electrochemical theory of corrosion.

¼d{kk XII½ jlk;u 'kkL= vkn'kZ mRrj lsV&A iz'u 1 fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ ¼v½ vkse&1 lseh & 1 ¼c½ vkn'kZ foy;u ¼n½ f}rh; dksfV ¼b½ 9 ¼b½ iw.kkZad [uksV %& izR;sd lgh mRrj fy[kus ij 1$1$1$1$1 iz'u 2 ,d okD; esa mRrj ¼1½ czkmuh xfr dgrs gSA ¼2½ _.kkRed mRizsjd dgrs gSA ¼3½ midj.k dk uke xSl ekLd gSA ¼4½ laØe.k rRo dgrs gSA ¼5½ fudkstu dgrs gSA [uksV %& izR;sd lgh mRrj fy[kus fy[kus ij 1$1$1$1$1 iz'u 3 ¼v½ xzsQkbV ¼c½ uhyk dlhl ¼l½ CsCl ¼n½ Co ¼b½ 2 [uksV %& izR;sd lgh mRrj fy[kus ij 1$1$1$1$1 iz'u 4 ¼v½ C6 H5 NH2 ¼c½ ik;l ¼l½ vk;fud fØLVy ¼n½ ZnS ¼b½ C6 H5 N2Cl [uksV %& izR;sd lgh mRrj fy[kus fy[kus ij 1$1$1$1$1

vad feysaxsA ]

vad feysaxsA ]

vad feysaxsA ]

vad feysaxsA ]

iz'u 5 ¼i½ vfHkfØ;k dh dksfV %& jklk;fud vfHkfØ;kds osx dks izHkkfor djus okys fØ;kdkjdksa dh lkaUnzrk ds ?kkrkadks ds ;ksx dsk vfHkfØ;k dh dksfV dgrs gS & ¼1½ ¼ii½

H2

$ I2 → 2H1 f}rh; dksfV dh vfHkfØ;k

¼2½

2N2O5 $ → 4NO2$02 izFke dksfV dh vfHkfØ;k

¼uksV %& 1 ,oa 2 lgh fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksxsaA ½ vFkok vfHkfØ;k dh nj dks izHkkfor djus okys izeq[k dkjd fuEukuqlkj gS & ¼i½

vfHkdkjdksa dh lkUnzrk %& vfHkdkjd dh lkUnzrk c
¼ii½

fudk; dk rki %& fuf'pr lkaUnzrk ij rki c<+kus ls vfHkfØ;k dk osx c<+rk gSA izfr 100C rki c<+kus ij osx nks xquk ;k frxquk gks tkrk gSA

¼iii½

vfHkdkjdksa dh izd`fr %& ftu vfHkdkjdksa esa mifLFkr cU/k ljyrk ls VwVrs gS mudh vfHkfØ;k,¡ rhoz osx ls gksrh gSA

¼iv½

mRizsjd dh mifLFkfr %& mRizsjd lfØ;.k ÅtkZ dk eku de dj nsrk gS ftlls lfØ; v.kqvksa dk va'k c<+ tkrk gSA vkSj vfHkfØ;k dk osx c<+ tkrk gSA ¼uksV %& 4 dkjd fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gksaxsaA ½ iz'u 6 mRrj ¼i½ dkij lYQsV foy;u esa

NaOH

foy;u feykus ij &

(i)

CuSO4+2Na0H  → Cu (OH)2 + Na2 SO4

(ii)

CuSO4+4NH4 OH  → [Cu (NH3)4 ] SO4 + 4H2O

(iii) CuSO4+2KI  → K2SO4 + Cu12 2CuI2  → Cu2I2 (iv) CuSO4+10KCN  → 2K3 [Cu(CN)4] + K2SO4 + (CN)2

¼uksV %& lgh lehjd.k fy[kus ij 1$1$1$1 vad izkIr gksxsaA½ vFkok dkWij ds v;Ldksa ds uke ,oa lw= ¼i½ D;wizkbV ;k :ch dkWij ¼ii½ dkij ik;jkbVht ¼iii½ esysdkbV

Cu2O

CuFeS2

Cu CO3 Cu (OH)2

yksgs ds izeq[k v;Ldksa ds uke ,oa lw= ¼i½ gsesVkbV ¼ii½ flMsjkbM

Fe203

vkDlkbM v;Ld

FeCO3

dkcksZusV v;Ld

¼iii½ vk;ju ik;jkbVht

FeS2

lYQkbM v;Ld

¼uksV %& nks&nks v;Ld fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksxsaA½ buds vfrfjDr dksbZ vU; v;Ld Hkh fy[ks tk ldrs gSaA iz'u 7 fp=

gsoj fof/k ds }kjk veksfu;k dk fuekZ.k

vfHkfØ;k ds lehdj.k N 2 + 3H 2

Mo Fe + → 2 NH 3 ←  200 Al

¼uksV %& 2 vad fp= o 2 vad lehdj.k fy[kus ij izkIr gksxsaA½ vFkok Ø

xq.k

01 xa/k

yky QkLQksjl

lQsn QkLQksjl

xa/kghu

yglqu ds leku xa/k

vfoys;

iw.kZr% foys; gSA

03 ok;q esa

dksbZ fØ;k ugha gksrh

va/ksjs esa pedrk gSA

04 fØ;k'khyrk

de fØ;k'khy

vf/kd fØ;k'khy

02

CS2

esa

¼uksV %& 4 xq.kksa ij 4 vad izkIr gksxsaA½ blds vfrfjDr Hkh vU; vUrj fy[ks tk ldrs gSaA mRrj 8 fojatd pw.kZ ds pkj mi;ksx %& 1-

;g eq[; :i ls :bZ] lu o ydM+h ds iYi ds fojatd esa mi;ksx gksrk gSA

2-

;g ihus ds ikuh ds 'kqf)dj.k esa mi;ksx gksrk gSA

3-

DyksjksQkeZ ds fuekZ.k esa

4-

iz;ksx'kkyk esa vkWDlh dkjd dh rjg

¼uksV %& 4 mi;ksx fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gkssaxsaA½ vFkok mRRj %& Dyksjhu }kjk Qwyksa dk foajtu vkDlhdj.k fØ;k }kjk gksrk gSA Cl 2 + H 2 0  → 2 HCl + [0 ]

jaxhu Qwy $ SO2

[0]  →

uotkr vkDlhtu

jaxghu Qwy

ds }kjk Qwyksa dk fojatu vip;u }kjk gksrk gSA

SO2 + H 2 O  → 2[H ] + SO3

uotkr gkbMªkstu

jaxhu Qwy $ [H →] jaxghu Qwy pwfda vipf;r jaxghu Qwy ok;q dh vkDlhtu ds }kjk iqu% vkDlhd`r gksdj jaxhu gks tkrs gSA blh fy;s SO2 dk fojatu vLFkk;h gksrk gSA ¼uksV %& lgh dkj.k lfgr fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksasxsA½ m&9 %& %&milg la;ksth ;ksfxdks esa vkoU/ku dh O;k[;k djus ds fy, lu~ 1893 esa ouZj us ,d fl)kUr izLrqr fd;k ftls ouZj leao; fl)kUr dgrs gS bldh izeq[k vfHkxzghrsa fuEu fyf[kr gSA 1-

milg la;ksth ;kSfxdks esa /kkrq,sa] fo'ks"kr% laØe.k /kkrq nks izdkj dh la;kstdrk,as iznf'kZr djrh gSA ¼A½ izkFkfed la;kstdrk ¼B½ f}rh; la;kstdrk

2-

izkFkfed la;kstdrk,sa lkekU; :i ls vk;fud izdkj dh gksrh gSA rFkk _.kk;uksa }kjk larq"V gksrh gSA

3-

f}rh;d la;kstdrk,sa vu&vk;fud gksrh gS tks mnklhu v.kqvksa ;k _.kk;uksa }kjk larq"V gksrh gSA

4-

izR;sd /kkrq ijek.kw dh f}rh;d la;kstdrkvksa dh la[;k fuf'pr gksrh gSA

5-

dsUnzh; /kkrq ls f}rh;d la;kstdrk ls vkcaf/kr vk;u ;k lewg fofHkUu milg la;kstdrk la[;k ds vuq:i f}dLFkku esa fof'k"V :i lsa O;ofLFkr jgrs gSA

¼uksV %& dksbZ 4 vfHkx`ghr fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gksxsaA½ vFkok 1-

vk;uu leko;okrk %& os ;kSfxd ftuds v.kqlw= leku gksrs gS fdUrq foy;u esa vk;uu ij fHkUu&fHkUu vk;u nsrs gS vk;uu leko;oh dgykrs gSA mnkgj.kk;Z &

[CO(NH ) Br ]SO4 xgjk cSaxuh& ;g fo;yu esa 3 5

SO4

&2

vk;u nsrk gSA

[Co(NH ) SO ]Br yky & ;g foy;u esa 3 5

4

&

Br

vk;u nsrk gSA

2-

dkcZ/kkfRod ;kSfxdks ds egRoiw.kZ mi;ksx fuEu fyf[kr gSA

1-

mRizsjd ds :i esa %& dqN dkcZ/kkfRod ;ksfxdks dk mi;ksx mRiszjd ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gS tSls ftxyj ukVk dk mi;ksx ,sydhuks ds cgqyhdj.k esa fd;k tkrk gSA

2-

dkcZfud la'ys"k.k esa %& dkcZ & yhfFk;e dk mi;ksx ,ydksgy] dhVksu vkfn ds la'ys"k.k esa fd;k tkrk gSA

¼uksV %& lgh mRrj fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksaxsA½ mRrj 10 ¼i½ ls.Mes;j vfHkfØ;k %& C 6 H 5 Cl + N 2

/ HCl C6 H 5 N 2Cl CuCl  →

cUthu Mk;ktks Mk;ktksfu;e DyksjkbM

Dyksjks oSthu

¼ii½ gqUlMhdj vfHkfØ;k %& C6 H 5COOAg + Br2 CCl  4 →

C6 H 5 Br + AgBr + CO2 ↑

flYoj oSUtks,V

czkseks oSthu

¼iii½ dkfcZy vehu vfHkfØ;k %& C6 H 5 NH 2 + CHCl3 + 3KOH  →

C6 H 5 NC + 3KCl + 3H 2 O

,uhyhu ,uhyhu

Qsfuy vblks lkbukbM ¼dkfcZy vehu½

¼iv½ oqVZt vfHkfØ;k CH 3 Br + 2 N a + BrCH 3  → CH 3 − CH 3 + 2 N a Br

¼uksV %& 4 fØ;k,sa lehdj.k lfgr fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gksaxsaA½ vFkok D;k gksrk gSa tcfd ¼i½

C2 H5 Br++AgNO2  → C2H5 NO2+AgBr

¼ii½

CHCl3 + HNO3 → C ( NO2 )Cl3 + H 2 O

¼iii½

2CHCl3 +O2  → 2COCl 2+HCl

¼iv½

∆ 2CHCl3 + 6 Ag → CH ≡ CH + 6 AgCl

dkcksZfuy dyksjkbM ¼QkLthu½

¼,flVyhu½

¼uksV %& 4 fØ;k,sa lehdj.k lfgr fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gksaxsaA½ mRrj 11 xq.k ¼1½ izdkj ¼2½ izd`fr ¼3½

FeCl3

ls fØ;k

¼4½

PCl5

ls fØ;k

Qhuky &OH lewg oSathu ukfHkd ds vlar`Ir dkcZu ls tqM+k gksrk gSA uhys fyVel isij dks yky esa cny nsrk gs vr% ;g vEyh; izd`fr dk gSA gsDlkQhukDlh vk;ju dk oSaxuh jax nsrk gSA vfUre mRikn ds :i esa VªkbZ Qsfuy QkLQsV curk gSA

¼uksV %& 4 varj fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gksaxsaA½ ¼ii½

bZFkj cukus dh iz;ksx'kkyk fof/k %&

vYdksgy &OH lewg ,Ydsu ds lar`Ir dkcZu ls tqM+k gksrk gSA fyVel ds izfrmnklhu gksrk gSA dksbZ fØ;k ugha gksrh A ,fYdy DyksjkbM curk gSA

ο

C C 2 H 5 OH + H 2 SO4 100  → C 2 H 5 HSO4 + H 2 O C C 2 H 5 HSO4 + C 2 H 5 OH 140  →(C 2 H 5 )2 0 + H 2 SO4 ο

¼uksV %& 2 vad fp= o 2 vad lehdj.k fy[kus ij izkIr gksaxsA ½ mRrj & 12 QkesZfYMgkjM ds mi;ksx %& ¼i½ jksxk.kw uk'kd o izfrjks/kd ds :i esa ¼ii½ peZ m|ksx esa peZ'kks/kd ds :i esa ¼iii½ fQuksy ds lkFk cgqyhdj.k }kjk izkIr cSdsykbV uked cgqydl dks cukus esa ftldk mi;ksx fo|qr fLop cukus esa fd;k tkrk gSA ¼iv½ QkesZyhu tks QkeZfYMgkbM dk 40 izfr'kr tyh; foy;u gS tks tSo inkFkksZ ds laj{k.k esa iz;ksx gksrk gSA ¼uksV %& 4 mi;ksx nsus ij 4 vad izkIr gksxsaA½ vFkok ifdZu vfHkfØ;k %& COONa C6 H 5CHO + (CH 3CO )2 O CH 3 → C6 H 5CH = CH − COOH + CH 3COOH

jkstueqaM vfHkfØ;k & Pd BaSO 4 CH 3COCl + H 2   → CH 3CHO + HCl

¼uksV %& nks fØ;k;sa fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksaxsA ½ mRrj & 13 ikWyh gkbMªksDlh ,YMhgkbM] ikWyh gkbMªkWDlh dhVksu vkSj ,sls o`gn cgqydh; v.kq tks ty vi?kVu ij ikWyh gkbMªkWDlh ,YMhgkbM ;k ikWyh gkbMªksDlh dhVksu nsrs gSa dkcksZgkbMªsV dgykrs gSaA mnkgj.k %& Xywdkst ¼C6H12O6½ QzDVksl] LVkpZ vkfn ¼1½ ÅtkZ ds L=ksr ds :i esa Xywdksl ean xfr ls vkWDlhd`r gksdj thoksa ds fy;s fofHkUu tSfod dk;Z laiUu djus ds fy;s ÅtkZ miyC/k djkrk gSA C6 H 12O6 + 6O2  → 6CO2 + 6 H 2 O + ÅtkZ

¼2½ ¼3½ ¼4½

ikSyhlsdkjkbM igys ty vi?kVu ds }kjk Xywdkst mRiUu djrk gs tks fQj vkWDlhd`r gksdj ÅtkZ nsrk gSA ÅtkZ dk HkaMkj.k %& ekuo 'kjhj esa dkcksZgkbMªsV XykbZdkstu ds :i esa ÅtkZ lafpr j[krk gSA chekjh ;k miokl vkfn esa Xykbdkstu Xywdkst esa ifjofrZr gksdj ÅtkZ miyC/k djkrk gSA lajpuk dk vk/kkj & dkcksZgkbMªsV ¼lsywdkst½ isM+] ikS/kks dks vk/kkj miyC/k djkrk gSA isM+ ikS/kks dh dksf'kdk fHkfRr lsywykst dh cuh gksrh gSA vkgkj & dqN dkcksZgkbMªsV tSls Xywdkst o LVkpZ Hkkstu ds :i esa dk;Z djrs gS ikpu fØ;k ds nkSjku ;s varr% Xywdkst esa ifjofrZr gksrs gSA ;g Xywdkst 'olu ds nkSjku vkWDlhd`r gskdj 'kjhj ds fy;s vko';d ÅtkZ iznku djrk gSA

¼uksV %& ifjHkk"kk fy[kus ij 2 vad o dk;Z fy[kus ij 2 vad izkIr gksaxsA½ vFkok foVkfeu&Hkkstu esa lw{e ek=k esa vko';d os dkcZfud inkFkZ tks dqN 'kjhj fØ;kvksa dks fu;af=r djrs gSa ,oa 'kjhj dks LoLF; j[kus ds fy;s fuf'pr chekfj;ksa ls j[kk djrs gSaA foVkfeu A& jrkSanh foVkfeu C& LdohZ ¼uksV %& %&ifjHkk"kk ifjHkk"kk fy[kus ij 2 vad ,oa izR;sd dh deh ls gksus okys jksxksa ds uke fy[kus ij 1$1 vad izkIr gksaxsA½ mRrj & 14 ¼i½ vkpk;Z pjd %& ;s fpfdRlk'kkL= ds firk dgs tkrs gS buds }kjk jfpr pjd lafgrk vk;qosZn dk fo'odks"k ekuk tkrk gSA tc ;wjksi esa fofHkUu fl)kaUrksa ds dkj.k 'kjhj jpuk foKkuh Hkzfer Fks rc ije fo)ku vkpk;Z pjd us 'kjhj lajpuk Hkzw.k] fuekZ.k o fodkl] Hkst"k~ foKku jDr lapkj vkfn ds fo"k; esa foLrkj ls Bksl tkudkjh izLrqr dh A blds vfrfjdr e/kqesg {k;jksx] g`n; lEca/kuh chekfj;kas dk funku o mipkj izLrqr fd;kA pjd lafgrk esa ,d yk[k tM+h&cwfV;ksa dh xq.koRrk ,oa dk;Z iz.kkyh nh gSA ¼ii½ viektZd %& viektZd os jkl;kfud inkFkZ gS] tks /kwy xzhl ;k rSyh; inkFkksZ dks gVkdj oL= vkfn dks lkQ dj nsrs gS bles lkcqu

tSlk xq.k gksrk gSA buij dBksj ty dk izHkko ugha iM+rk gSA tSls& lksfM;e MksMsfly cSthu lYQksusV vkfn A ¼uksV %& ¼i½ o ¼ii½ fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksxsaA½ vFkok ¼i½

vQhe %& ;g ySVsDl gksrk gS blesa 25 ,YdsykWWbM gksrs gSA tSls%& ekQhZu] dksMhu] ukdksZVhu] gsjksbu vkfnA ;g nnZ fuokjd o uhan ds fy;s mi;ksxh gSA

¼ii½

d`f=e e/kqdkjd %& og jkl;fud inkFkZ tks [kk| inkFkksZ esa feBkl mRiUu djus ds fy;s iz;qDr fd;s tkrs gSA d`f=e e/kqdkjd dgykrs gS tks fuEu gS & 1- lSdsfju 2-+ ,fyVse 3lqØkst mi;ksx ¼i½ BaMs is; inkFkksZ esa feBkl iSnk djus ds fy, A ¼ii½ e/kqesg jksx ls ihfM+r O;fDr;ksa ds fy;sA

¼uksV %& izR;sd ds lgh mRrj fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksaxsa½ iz'u & 15 ¼i½

laØe.k /kkrqvksa esa ;g xq.k ik;k tkrk gS ¼ladqy ;kSfxd cukuk½ leUo; cU/k bysDVªku ;qXe ds vknku&iznku ds dkj.k curk gSA laØe.k /kkrq vk;u bysDVªku ;qXe xzkgh dk dk;Z djrs gSA ,oa NH3 ,H2O, C1, F, CN, etc fyxS.M ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gsA tks bysDVªku ;qXe dks nku djrs gS vkSj mi lg la;kstd cU/k dk fuekZ.k djrs gSA ladqy ;kSfxd cukus dh izo`fr dk dkj.k&

¼A½

budk ¼n-1½d vkfcZVy fjDr jgrk gSA

¼B½

bu ij mPp ukfHkdh; vkos'k gksrk gSA

¼ii½

ik;jksyqlkbV ¼MnO2½ dks ok;qea.Myh; vkDlhtu ¼ok;q½ esa xje djus ij K2MnO4 ¼gjs jax dk inkFkZ½ curk gSA MnO2 + 4 KOH + O2 heat →  2 K 2 Mn0 4 + 2 H 2 O

OH

ds lkFk

gjsa inkFkZ dks ty ds ds lkFk fu"df"kZr djds ¼jlk;fud vkDlhdj.k }kjk½ gjs foy;u esa Cl2 dh /kkjk izokfgr djus ls K2 MnO4, KMn04 eas ifjofrZr gks tkrs gSA lkUnzrk ,oa fØLVyhdj.k dj KMn04 ds fØLVy izkIr djfy, tkrs gSA K 2 Mn0 4 + Cl2  → 2 KC1 + 2 KMnO4

¼uksV %& ¼i½ o ¼ii½ fy[kus ij 2$3 vad izkIr gksxsaA½ vFkok ysUFksukbM ,fDVukbM 1- ;s eq[; :i ls $3 rFkk ;kSfxdksa esa 1- ;s $3 ds vykok vius ;kSfxdksa esa $2]$4 vkDlhdj.k voLFkk,a Hkh $4] $5] $6] $7 vkDlhdj.k voLFkk iznf'kZr djrs gSA Hkh iznf'kZr djrs gsA 2- ladqy cukus dh izo`fr de gksrh 2- ladqy cukus dh izo`fr vf/kd gksrh gSA gSA 3- buds ;kSfxd de {kkjh; gksrs gSA 3- buds ;kSfxd vf/kd {kkjh; gksrs gSA 4- ;s vkDlks vk;u ugha cukrs 4- ;g vkWDlks vk;u 5- izksfefFk;e ds vfrfjDr lHkh 5- lHkh ,fDVukbM jsfM;k/kehZ gksrs gSA ySUFksukmM ukWu jsfM;ksa,fDVo ¼vjsfM;ks/kehZ ½ gksrs gSA ¼uksV %& 5 varj fy[kus ij 5 vad izkIr gksxsaA blds vfrfjDr Hkh varj fy[ks tk ldrs gSaA½

iz'u & 16 jkmYV dk fu;e &

jkmYV ds fu;e dh lhek,W & 1lkanz fo;yuksa esa foys; vkSj foyk;d ds d.kksa ds e/; izcy vU;ksU; fØ;k gksus ds dkj.k jkmYV dk fu;e ykxw ugha gksrk gSA 2-

;fn foys; foyk;d esa laxqf.kr ;k fo;ksftr gksrk gS rc ok"inkc ds voue vkisf{kr eku ls fHkUu gksrk gSA

3-

;g fu;e dsoy vR;ar ruq foy;uksa ij gh ykxw gksrk gSA

4-

;g dsoy vkok"i'khy foys; ;qDr foy;uksa ij gh ykxw gksrk gSA

[uksV %& lgh fu;e fy[kus ij 3 vad o lhek,a fy[kus ij 2 vad izkIr gksaxs] vFkok og izfØ;k ftl esa 'kq} foyk;d ds de lkanz foy;u esa ls mPp lkanz foy;u esa v}ZikjxE; f>Yyh esa ls gksdj izokfgr gksrs gSA ijlj.k dgykrk gSA ijklj.k dk nkc & fdlh v)ZikjxE; f>Yyh ds }kjk foyk;d ds fo;yu esa cgko dks jksdus ds fy, foy;u ij yxk;k tkus okyk vfrfjDr nkc ijklj.k nkc dgykrk gSA ;wfj;k dk v.kq Hkkj & 60 xzke eksy izfr yhVj xzke v.kq lkanz.k pawfd ;wfj;k dk foy;u Xywdkst ds foy;u ls leijkljh gS 1 = Xywdkst dh izfr yhVj lkanzrk 10

=

6 1 = 60 10

180 1 W = 10 180 W=

Xywdkst dh izfryhVj lkanzrk

=

180 = 18 10

18 xzke

uksV %& ¼izR;sd dh ifjHkk"kk ifjHkk"kk fy[kus ij 1$1 vad o loky lgh gy djus ij 3 vad izkIr gksaxs½A mRrj 17

vuqiz;ksx& 1-

nqcZy fo|qr vi?kV; dh vuUr ruqrk ij vkf.od pkydrk dk fu/kkZj.k djukA

2-

fo;kstu dh ek=k Kkr djukA

3-

vYi foy; yo.kksa dh foy;rk Kkr djukA uksV %& ifjHkk"kk ifjHkk"kk fy[kus ij 2 vad ij vuqiz;ksx ij 3vad izkIr gksaxsA vFkok la{kkj.k & ok;qea.My esa mifLFkr xSlksa rFkk ueh }kjk /kkrqvksa dh /kheh xfr ls voafNr ;ksfxdks esa cny tus dh izfØ;k la{kkj.k dgykrh gSA yksgs esa tax yxuk la{kkj.k dk izeq[k mnkgj.k gSA fØ;kfof/k & tax yxus dh fo|qr jlk;fud fl)kar & bl fl)kar ds vuqlkj v'kq+) yksgs dh lrg fo|qr jklk;fud lSy dh Hkkafr O;ogkj djrh gSA ,sls lsy esa 'kq) yksgk ,uksM rFkk v'kq) yksgk dSFkksM dh rjg dk;Z djrk gSA ueh ftlesa O2 vksj CO2 foy;s gS] fo|qr vi?kV~; dk dk;Z djrk gSA ,uksM ij & dsFkksM ij &

Fe  → Fe +2 + 2e −

H 2 O + O2 + 4e −  → 4OH −

,uksM ij cus Fe+2 vk;u OH& vk;uksa ls fØ;k djds Fe¼OH½2 cukrs gS] tks ok;qea.My dh vkSj O2 }kj ueh dh mifLFkfr esa gkbMªsVsM vk;ju vkWDlkbM cukrk gSA ;gh tax gSA 1 2 Fe(OH ) 2 + O2 + H 2 O  → Fe2 O3 .xH 2 O 2

tax

uksV %& la{kkj.k dh ifjHkk"kk ij 2 vad o la{kkj.k jklk;fud fØ;k fof/k ij 3 vad izkIr gksasxsA