www.tnschools.co.in
1|Page
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE COMBINED CIVIL SERVICES - I GROUP I SERVICES (PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION) GENERAL STUDIES - DEGREE STANDARD
CURRENT AFFAIRS UNIT II - CURRENT EVENTS - SYLLABUS HISTORY – Latest diary of events – National ‐ National symbols ‐Profile of States‐Defence, national security and terrorism‐World organizations‐pacts and summits‐Eminent persons & places in news‐Sports & games‐Books & authors ‐Awards & honours‐Cultural panorama‐Latest historical events‐ India and its neighbours‐ Latest terminology‐ Appointments‐who is who? POLITICAL SCIENCE - India’s foreign policy ‐ Latest court verdicts – public opinion ‐ Problems in conduct of public elections‐ Political parties and political system in India‐ Public awareness & General administration‐ Role of Voluntary organizations & Govt.,‐ Welfare oriented govt. schemes, their utility GEOGRAPHY – Geographical environment and ecology
landmarks‐Policy
ECONOMICS – Current socio‐economic economic policy & govt. sector
on
problems‐New
SCIENCE – Latest inventions on science & technology ‐ Latest discoveries in Health Science ‐ Mass media & communication APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
2|Page
www.tnschools.co.in
IMPORTANT DAYS AND YEARS INTERNATIONAL YEARS 2016 International Year of Pulses 2015 International Year of Light and Light-based Technologies International Year of Soils 2014
International Year of Solidarity with the Palestinian People International Year of Small Island Developing States International Year of Crystallography International Year of Family Farming
2013 International Year of Water Cooperation International Year of Quinoa 2012 International Year of Cooperatives International Year of Sustainable Energy for All 2011
International Year for People of African Descent International Year of Chemistry International Year of Forests International Year of Youth (12 August 2010 — 11 August 2011)
2010 International Year of Biodiversity 1990 International Literacy Year APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
3|Page
www.tnschools.co.in
1985 Year of The United Nations 1975 International Women's Year 1974 World Population Year 1971 International Year for Action to Combat Racism and Racial Prejudice 1970 International Education Year 1968 International Year for Human Rights 1967 International Tourist Year 1965 International Co-operation Year 1961 International Health and Medical Research Year 1959 / 60 World Refugee Year
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
4|Page
INTERNATIONAL DECADES (1990 ONWARDS) DECADE
IMPORTANCE
1990s
International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction
1997-2006
First United Nations Decade for Eradication of Poverty
2001-2010
International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Nonviolence for Children United Nations Literacy Decade
2003-2012 2005-2014
United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development
2005-2015
Water for Life Decade
2010-2020
United Nations Decade for Deserts and the Fight against Desertification United Nations Decade on Biodiversity
2011-2020 2014–2024 2015–2024
United Nations Decade of Sustainable Energy for All International Decade for People of African Descent
IMPORTANT NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL DAYS S.NO
DAY
DATE
JANUARY 1.
Pravasi Bhartiya Diwas
2.
National Youth Day (Birthday of Swami January 12 Vivekananda) Army Day January 15
3.
January 9
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
5|Page 4.
Election Commission Day
January 17
5.
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Birthday
January 23
6.
National Girl Child Day
January 24
7.
National Voters Day
January 25
8.
Republic Day (India)
January 26
9.
Martyr's Day World Leprosy Eradication Day
January 30
FEBRUARY 10.
National Science Day
February 28
MARCH 11.
National Defence Day
March 3
12.
National Security Day
March 4
13.
March 8
14.
International Women's Day International Literacy Day World Consumer Day
March 15
15.
World Disabled Day
March 20
16.
World Forestry Day
March 21
17.
World Water Day
March 22
18.
World Meteorological Day
March 23
19.
National Day of Bangladesh
March 26
APRIL 20.
World Health Day
April 7
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
6|Page 21.
Jallianwala Massacre Day
April 13
22.
World Heritage Day
April 18
23.
Earth Day
April 22
MAY 24.
World Red Cross Day
May 8
25.
National Technological Day
May 11
26.
World Hypertension Day
May 17
27.
Anti-Terrorism Day
May 21
28.
World Biodiversity Day
May 22
29.
World No. Tobacco Day
May 31
JUNE 30.
World Environment Day
June 5
31.
World Refugee Day
June 20
32.
International Olympic Day
June 23
33.
International Day Against Drug Abuse June 26 and Illicit Trafficking (by U.N. from 1987)
JULY 34.
World Population Day
July 11
35.
Malala Day UN declared on her 16th Birthday
July 12
36.
Nelson Mandela International Day
July 18
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
7|Page
AUGUST 37.
Independence Day (India)
38.
National Sports Day (Birth Day of August 29 Dhyanchand)
39.
International Day of the Victims of August 30 Enforced Disappearances From 21st December 2010
August 15
SEPTEMBER 40.
Teacher' Day (Birth Radhakrishnan)
Day
of
S. September 5
41.
World Literacy Day
September 8
42.
World Ozone Day
September 16
43.
International Day of Peace
September 21
44.
World Rabies Day
September 28
OCTOBER 45.
World Teacher's Day
October 5
46.
World Food Day
October 16
47.
United Nations (UN) Day
October 24
NOVEMBER 48.
National Education Day of India
November 11
49.
World Diabetes Day
November 14
50.
National Pass Day
November 16
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
8|Page 51.
Universal Children's Day
November 20
DECEMBER 52.
World AIDS Day
53.
International Day of the Abolition of December 2 Slavery
54.
World Disabled Day
December 3
55.
Navy Day
December 4
56.
International Anticorruption Day
December 9
57.
Kisan Diwas (Birthday of Ch. Charan December 23 Singh)
December 1
Njrpa jpdq;fs; Njrpa jpdq;fs; [dthp 24 – ngz;Foe;ijfs; jpdk;.
ikaf;fU Mz;bd; 5tJ Njrpa Njrpa 2013k; ngz;Foe;ijfs; jpdj;jpd; ikaf;fU “ngz; ngz; Foe;ijia fhg;ghw;W”
[dthp 24 – Njrpa thf;fhsh;jpdk;. “Inclusion” ru;tNjr
www.tnschools.co.in
9|Page khu;r; 21 cyf td jpdk;
cyf tdjpdk; 2013 gy;Yapu; gd;ik kw;Wk; khw;wk;
gUtepiy
khu;r; 22 cyf ePu; jpdk;
cyf ePuj ; pdk; 2013 Water Cooperation khu;r; 23 cyf thdpiy jpdk; cyf thdpiy jpdk; 2013 capu; kw;Wk; cilikiag; ghJfhf;f thdpiyia ftdpg;Nghk;. chpikfs; kw;Wk; Vg;uy; 24> 2013 – Njrpag; gQ;rhaj;Jfs;> ngz; Foe; i jfspd; ca;T ngz;fSf;fhd murpay; (Panchayat, Right & Survival of Girl mjpfhukspj;jy; jpdk; child) cyf Rfhjhu jpdk; 2013 - Vg;uy; MNuhf;fpakhd ,jaj;Jbg;G: MNuhf;fpakhd ,uj;j mOj;jk; 7 cyf G+kp jpdk; 2013 - Vg;uy; 22 gUt epiy khw;wj;jpd; Njhw;wk; Njrpa ghJfhg;ghd jha;ik jpdk; Every Women counts 2013 2013 - Vg;uy; 11 gj;jphpf;if rh;tNjr gj;jphpf;if Rje;jpu jpdk; 2013 Safe to Speak: Securing Freedom of Expression in all Media Nk 22 – rh;tNjr gy;Yaph;gd;ik rh;tNjr gy;Yaph;gd;ik jpdk; 2013: ePh; kw;Wk; gy;Yaph;gd;ik jpdk; Nk 31 – rh;tNjr Gifapiy rh;tNjr Gifpaiy xopg;G jpdk; 2013 Ban Tobacco Advertising, xopg;G jpdk; Promotion and Sponsership Nk 3 – rh;tNjr Rje;jpu jpdk;
Julu 18 – Nelson Mandela “Take Action: Insipre Change” International Day 2009 November – Makeevery Day a Mandela Day June 11- World Population Focus is Day Pregenancy
on
Adolescent
Auguest 29- National Sports Birth Anniversary of Indian Day Hockey Legent DhyanChand Scheme: “Come and Play” September 21 Day of Peace
International Theme: Education for Peace Established in 1981 by resolution 36/67
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
10 | P a g e
September 28 World Rabies Theme: Rabies Understand it to Day defeatit. Established in 2007 – death anniversary of Louis Pasteur December 1 World Aids Day
Theme: Gettuny to Zero From 1988 Means: Zero new infections, Zero discrimination, Zero AIDS related deaths
December 9 International Theme: Act against corruption Anticorruption Day today October 2003 UN general assembly reslouter of 58/4 of 31st October 2003
2011 CENSUS OF INDIA Census Shri C.Chandramouli is the Registrar General and commissioner of 2011 Indian census. Population Day – Feb. 9 Census report Provisional data from the census was released on 31 March 2011. Population Total 1,210,193,422
Literacy
Density of population
Males
623,724,248
Females
586,469,174
Total
74.04%
Males
82.14%
Females
65.46%
per km2
382
Sex Ratio
per 1000 males 943 females
Child Sex ratio (0–6 age group)
per 1000 males 940 females
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
11 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
According to the report published by the Census India in Mar., 2011, the total population of the country was 1,210,193,422. A total of 181 million people increased from the previous Census of 2001. The mostly populated states of India are: 1. Uttar Pradesh 2. Maharashtra 3. Bihar 4. West Bengal 5. Andhra Pradesh 6. Madhya Pradesh 7. Tamil Nadu The country covers just 2.4 % of the total earth's surface but is responsible for 17.5% of the total population on earth. Top Six Population Countries Percent(%) of World Country Population China 19.4 India 17.5 USA 4.5 Indonesia 3.4 Brazil 2.8 Pakistan 2.7 Top highest Population in India as per India Census 2011 Density Name Population (1000) 1. INDIA 1,21,01,93,422 382 2. Uttar Pradesh 19,95,81,477 828 3. Maharashtra 11,23,72,972 365 4. Bihar 10,38,04,637 1,102 5. West Bengal 9,13,47,736 1,029 6. Andhra Pradesh 8,46,65,533 308 7. Madhya Pradesh 7,25,97,565 236 8. Tamil Nadu 7,21,38,958 555 APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
12 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
kf;fs;njhifAk; vOj;jwpTk; mjpf kf;fs; njhif nfhz;l cyf ehLfspy; ,e;jpah ,uz;lhk; ,lk; ngWfpwJ. kf;fs; njhif 125 Nfhbf;Fk; mjpfkhfg; ngUfpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. cyf mstpy; 5MtJ nghpa kf;fs;njhifiaf; nfhz;l gpNurpy; ehl;bd; kf;fs;njhif ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s cj;ju gpuNjr khepyj;jpw;F rkk;. mJ NghyNt jkpo;ehl;bd; kf;fs;njhif jha;yhe;J kf;fs; njhiff;F rkk;. ekJ 2011 kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd; Fwpf;Nfhs; (motto) – “ekJ nrd;r]; ekJ vjph;fhyk;” (Our census Our Future). 2011 kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd; Kf;fpa mk;rq;fspy; xd;W Njrpa kf;fs; njhif gjpNtL (National Population Register). ,e;jpahtpy; kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;G jpdk; gpg;uthp 9. ,e;jpa kf;fspd; vz;zpf;if> nghUshjhuk;> vOj;jwpT kw;Wk; fy;tpawpT> ,Ug;gpl tptuk;> efukakhf;fk;> gpwg;G kw;Wk; ,wg;G tpfpjq;fs;> Mjpjpuhtplh; kw;Wk; goq;Fbapdh;> nkhop kjk;> ,lk; ngah;eN ; jhh;> khw;Wj; jpwdhspfs; Mfpa tptuq;fisr; Nrfhpf;f kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;G elj;jg;gLfpwJ.
kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;G 1872k; Mz;L ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; kf;fs; njhiff;fzf;nfLg;G njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. J itrpuha; hpg;gd; gpuG fhyj;jpy; 1881k; Mz;L ,e;jpahtpy; KO mstpyhd kf;fs; njhiff; fzf;nfLg;G elj;jg;gl;lJ. ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; (1881) nrd;r]; fkp~dh; W.V.. gpshld;. 1881 Kjy; 1941 tiu nrd;r]; fkp~dNu kf;fs; njhiff; fzf;nfLg;Gf;F nghWg;G tfpj;jth;. 1949 Kjy; ,e;j nghWg;G cs;Jiw mikr;rfj;jpd; fPo;tUk; nu[p];buh; n[duy; md;l; nrd;r]; fkp~dhplk toq;fg;gl;lJ. Rje;jpu ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; nu[p];buh; n[duy; md;l; nrd;r]; fkp~dh; (Registrar General and Census Commissioner) tp.fP.tp. Nal;].; xt;nthU gj;J Mz;LfSf;F xU Kiw ,e;jpahtpy; fzf;nfLf;Fk; gzp eilngw;W tUfpwJ.
kf;fs;njhif ngUf;f khw;wepiyfs; KjyhtJ epiyapy;> ehl;bd; nghUshjhuk; gioikahdjhfTk;> Ntshz;ikia mbg;gilahff; nfhz;ljhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,wg;G tpfpjKk;> gpwg;G tpfpjKk; mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;. (1921 tiu). ,uz;lhtJ epiy> ehl;bd; nghUshjhuk; tsh;rr ; pngw gpwg;G tpfpjk; mjpfkhfTk;> ,wg;g tpfpjk; FiwthfTk; ,Uf;Fk;. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
13 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
; paila gpwg;Gtpfpjk; %d;whtJ epiyapy;> nghUshjhuk; NkYk; tsh;rr Fiwe;JtpLk;. ,e;jpa kf;fs;njhif ngUf;fk; jw;NghJ ,uz;lhtJ epiyapy; cs;sJ.
kf;fs; njhif nfhs;if (Population Policy)) kf;fs; njhif mjpfhpj;JtUtjhy; jpl;lkpl;l nghUshjhu tsh;rr ; papd; gyd; kf;fSf;F fpilf;ftpy;iy. Mjyhy; mjw;Nfw;w tifapyhd kf;fs;njhiff; nfhs;ifia cUthf;fpf;nfhs;tJ ,d;wpaikahj Njitaha; ,Uf;fpwJ. ekJ murpd; kf;fs; njhiff; nfhs;ifapd; ikaf;fUj;jhf FLk;geyj;jpl;lk; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. 1976y; Njrpa kf;fs; njhif mwptpf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jd;gb gpwg;G tpfpjj;ij Fiwf;Fk; Kaw;rpapy; muR
fl;lhag;gLj;jpahtJ> J}z;Ljy; Kiwfspd; %yk; kf;fis FLk;gf;fl;Lg;ghl;L Kiwfisg; gpd;gw;w nra;a jPhk ; hdpf;fg;gl;lJ. 2000 Mk; Mz;L Gjpa Njrpa kf;fs; njhiff; nfhs;if njspthd Nehf;fq;fSlDk;> nray;ghl;L topKiwfSlDk; nfhz;Ltug;gl;lJ. ,jd;gb 2010 Mk; Mz;Lf;Fs; milaNtz;ba rKjha kf;fs; njhif Fwpj;j ,yf;Ffs; eph;zapf;fg;gl;lJ. NkYk; 2045y; kf;fs; njhifapy; xU epiyahd Nghf;fpid milaTk; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;ba topKiwfis eph;zapj;jJ.
kf;fs; njhiff; fzf;nfLg;G 2011 2011k; Mz;L eilngw;w kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;G ,e;jpahtpy; eilngw;w 15tJ kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;G MFk;. 2011 Mk; Mz;L kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;gpy;> Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fg; gpd; Kjy; Kiwahf rhjpthhpahd fzf;nfLg;G elj;jg;gl;lJ. ,jw;F Kd;G 1931k; Mz;L Mq;fpNyah;fs; Ml;rp fhyj;jpy; rhjp thhpahd fzf;nfLg;Gk;> Rje;jpuj;jpw;F gpd; 1968k; Mz;L Nfush khepyj;jpy; kf;fspd; r%f epiyia mwpa rhjpthhpahf fzf;nfLf;fg;gl;lJ.
,e;jpa kf;fs; njhif – 2011 ,e;jpahtpd; nkhj;j kf;fs; njhif : 121>01>93>422 (1210.2 kpy;ypad;) Mz;fs; : 62>37>24>248 ngz;fs;: 58>64>69>174 kf;fs; njhif tsh;rr ; p tpfpjk; 17.64% ,e;jpahtpy; mjpf kf;fs;njhif nfhz;l khepyk;: cj;jug;gpuNjrk; (19>95>81>477). mjpf kf;fs; njhif nfhz;l A+dpad; gpuNjrk; khepyk;: nly;yp (1>67>53>235). APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
14 | P a g e kpff; Fiwe;j kf;fs;; njhif nfhz;l khepyk; : rpf;fpk; (6>07>788) kpff; Fiwe;j kf;fs; njhif A+dpad; gpuNjrk; : yl;rj;jT P (64>429)
ghypd tpfpjk; (Sex Ratio)) ,e;jpahtpy; Mz; ngz; tpfpjk;- 943 943 (1000 Mz;fSf;F 943 ngz;fs;). Mz; ngz; tpfpjk; mjpfkhf cs;s khepyk;: Nfush 1>084 / 1000. Mz; ngz; tpfpjk; mjpfkhf cs;s A+dpad; gpuNrjk;: GJr;Nrhp 1038/ 1000. Mz; ngz; tpfpjk; kpff; Fiwthf cs;s khepyk;: `hpahdh: `hpahdh 877/1000. Mz; ngz; tpfpjk; kpff; Fiwthf cs;s A+dpad; gpuNjrk; lhkd; lhkd ilA+: 709/1000. Mz; ngz; tpfpjk; kpff; Fiwthf cs;s khtl;lk; : lhkd; khtl;lk; (618/1000).
kf;fs; neUf;fk; (Population Density)) ,e;jpahtpd; kf;fs; neUf;fk; 382 (xU rJu fp.kPfF ; 382 Ngh;). ,e;jpahtpy; kf;fs; neUf;fk; kpf mjpfkhd khepyk;: gPfhh;> 1>102/ r.fp.kP. ,e;jpahtpy; kf;fs; neUf;fk; kpf mjpfkhd A+dpad; gpuNjrk; : GJjpy;yp 11>297 / r.fp.kP. kf;fs; neUf;fk; kpff; Fiwe;j khepyk;: mUzhryg;gpuNjrk; puNjrk 17 / r.fp.kP. kf;fs; neUf;fk; kpff; Fiwe; ; A+dpad; gpuNrjk; me;jkhd; epNfhgh; 46 Fiwej / r.fp.kP.
vOj;jwpT (Literacy) ( ,e;jpa kf;fspd; vOj;jwpT tpfpjk; 74.04% 74.04 Mz;fs; 82.14% ngz;fs; 65.46% kpf cah;ej ; vOj;jwpT ngw;w khepyk;: Nfush (93.91%) (Mz;fs; 96.02%> ngz;fs; 91.98%. kpf Fiwe;j vOj;jwpT ngw;w khepyk; khepyk;: gPfhh; hh (63.82%) (Mz;fs; 73.39%) (ngz;fs; 53.83%) kpf cah;ej ; vOj;jwpT ngw;w A+dpad; gpuNjrk;: ,yl;rj;jT P (92.28) (Mz;fs; 96.11%> ngz;fs; 88.25%). kpff; Fiwe;j vOj;jwpT ngw;w A+dpad; gpuNjrk; : jhj;uh ehfh; `Ntyp 77.65% (Mz;fs; 86.46%> ngz;fs; 65.93%)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
15 | P a g e ,e;jpa kf;fs;njhif 1901 - 2011 tUlk; kf;fs;njhif 1901
23,83,96,327
1911
25,20,93,390
1921
25,13,21,213
1931
27,89,77,238
1941
31,86,50,580
1951
36,10,88,090
1961
43,92,34,771
1971
54,81,59,652
1981
68,33,29,097
1991
84,63,62,688
2001
102,87,37,436
2011
121,05,69,573
2011 nrd;r];: kf;fs; njhif khepyk;/ kj;jpa gFjp
nkhj;j Ml;rp kf;fs; njhif
,e;jpah
121,05,69,5 73 mUzhryg;gpu 13,83,727 Njrk; Njrk; mNrhk; 3,12,05,576 Me;jpug;gpuNjr 8,45,80,777 k; cj;jh;fhz;l; cj;jpug;gpuNj rk; xb~h
1,00,86,292 19,98,12,34 1 4,19,74,218
fh;ehlfk;
6,10,95,297
Mz;fs;
ngz;fs;
Mz;> ngz; tpfpj k;
kf;fs; neUf;f k;
kf;fs; njhi f tsh;r; rp
62,31,21,8 43 7,13,912
58,74,47,7 30 6,69,815
943
382
17.7
938
17
26.0
1,59,39,44 3 4,24,42,14 6 51,37,773 10,44,80,5 10 2,12,12,13 6 3,09,66,65 7
1,52,66,13 3 4,21,38,63 1 49,48,519 9,53,31,83 1 2,07,62,08 2 3,01,28,64 0
958
398
17.1
993
308
11.0
963 912
189 828
18.8 20.2
979
270
14.0
973
319
15.6
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
16 | P a g e F[uhj;
6,04,39,692
Nfusk;
3,34,06,061
Nfhth rl;B];fh;
1458,545 2,55,45,198
rpf;fpk; jkpo;ehL
6,10,577 7,21,47,030
jphpGuh ehfhyhe;J gQ;rhg;
36,73,917 19,78,502 2,77,43,338
gPfhh;
10,40,99,45 2 11,23,74,33 3 25,70,390 7,26,26,809
kfhuh~;buk; kzpg;G+h; kj;jpag; gpuNjrk; kpNrhuk; Nkfhyah Nkw;F tq;fhsk;
10,97,206 29,66,889 9,12,76,115
uh[];jhd;
6,85,48,437
[k;K & 1,25,41,302 fh~;khP ; [hh;ff ; z;l; 3,29,88,134
3,14,91,26 0 1,60,27,41 2 7,39,140 1,28,32,89 5 3,23,070 3,61,37,97 5 18,74,376 10,24,649 1,46,39,46 5 5,42,78,15 7 5,82,43,05 6 12,90,171 3,76,12,30 6 5,55,339 14,91,832 4,68,09,02 7 3,55,50,99 7 66,40,662
2,89,48,43 2 1,73,78,64 9 7,19,405 1,27,12,30 3 2,87,507 3,60,09,05 5 17,99,541 9,53,853 1,31,03,87 3 4,98,21,29 5 5,41,31,27 7 12,80,219 3,50,14,50 3 5,41,867 14,75,057 4,44,67,08 8 3,29,97,44 0 59,00,640
919
308
19.3
1084
860
4.9
973 991
394 189
8.2 22.6
890 996
86 555
12.9 15.6
960 931 895
350 119 551
14.8 -0.6 13.9
918
1,106
25.4
929
365
15.0
992 931
115 236
18.6 20.3
976 989 950
52 132 1,028
23.5 27.9 13.8
928
200
21.3
889
124
23.71
1,60,57,81 9 1,18,56,72 8 33,82,729
949
414
22.4
879
573
19.9
972
123
12.7
`hpahdh
2,53,51,462
`pkhr;ryg; gpuNjrk; me;jkhd; epNfhgh; ,yl;rj;jT P rz;bfh;
68,64,602
1,69,30,31 5 1,34,94,73 4 34,81,873
3,80,581
2,02,871
1,77,710
876
46
6.9
64,473 10,55,450
33,123 5,80,663
31,350 4,74,787
947 818
2,149 9,258
6.3 17.2
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
17 | P a g e lhkd; & ilA+ jhj;uh ehfh;`Ntyp GJr;Nrhp jpy;yp
2,42,911
1,50,301
92,946
618
2,191
53.54
3,43,709
1,93,760
1,49,949
774
700
55.9
12,47,953 1,67,87,941
6,12,511 89,87,326
6,35,442 78,00,615
1,037 2,547 28.1 868 11,320 21.2
2011 nrd;r]; juthpirapy; khepyq; khepyq;fs; ju thpir 1. 2.
kf;fs;njhif
3. 4.
gPfhh; kfhuh~;buk; Nkw;F tq;fhsk; Me;jpuk;
5.
Me;jpuk;
cj;jpug;gpuNjrk;
kf;fs; neUf;fk; gPfhh; Nkw;F tq;fhsk; Nfusk; cj;jpu gpuNjrk; `hpahdh
6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.
kj;jpa gpuNjrk; jkpo;ehL uh[];jhd; fh;ehlfk; F[uhj; xb~h Nfusk; [hh;fz;l ; ;
[k;K& fh~;kHP ; F[uhj; fh;ehlfk; xb~h rl;B];fh; jkpo;ehL gPfhh; Nkw;Ftq;fhsk;
jkpo;ehL gQ;rhg; [hh;ff ; z;l; mNrhk; Nfhth kfhuh~;buk; jphpGuh fh;ehlfk;
14. 15. 16. 17.
mNrhk; gQ;rhg; rl;B];fh; `hpahdh
mUzhrygpuNjrk; [hh;ff ; z;l; mNrhk; `pkhr;rygpuNjrk;
18.
21.
[k;K & cj;jh;fhz;l; fh~;khP ; cj;jh;fhz;l; gQ;rhg; `pkhr;ry `hpahdh gpuNjrk; jphpGuh Nfusk;
F[uhj; Me;jpuk; xb~h kj;jpa gpuNjrk; uh[];jhd;
22.
Nkfhyah
Nkfhyah
23.
kzpg;G+h;
kzpg;G+h;
24. 25.
ehfyhe;J Nfhth
kpNrhuk; ehfyhe;J
19. 20.
gug;G
cj;jpu gpuNjrk; uh[];jhd; kfhuh~;buk; kj;jpag;gpuNjrk;
cj;jh;fhz;l; rl;B];fh;
vOj;jwpT Nfusk; kpNrhuk; jphpGuh Nfhth `pkhr;ry gpuNjrk; kfhuh~;buk; rpf;fpk; jkpo;ehL ehfyhe;J kzpg;G+h; cj;jh;fhz;l; F[uhj; Nkw;F tq;fhsk; gQ;rhg; `hpahdh fh;ehlfk; Nkfhyah xb~h mNrhk; rl;B];fh;
Nkfhyah
kj;jpa gpuNjrk; [k;K & cj;jpu gpuNjrk; fh~;khP ; `pkhr;ry [k;K& gpuNjrk fh~;khP ; kzpg;G+h; Me;jpuh ehfyhe;J [hh;ff ; z;l;
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
18 | P a g e 26.
jphpGuh
rpf;fpk;
uh[];jhd;
27.
mUzhry gpuNjrk; kpNrhuk;
rpf;fpk;
kpNrhuk;
28.
rpf;fpk;
Nfhth
29. 30.
GJr;Nrhp rz;bfh;
me;jkhd; GJr;Nrhp
mUzhry gpuNjrk; rz;bfh; GJr;Nrhp
mUzhry gpuNjrk; gPfhh;
31.
me;jkhd;
jhj;uh & ehfh;
32. 33.
jhj;uh & ehfh; lhkd; & ilA+
rz;bfh; lhkd; & ilA+
34.
,yl;rj;jT P
,yl;rj;jT P
,yl;rj;jT P lhkd; & ilA+ & GJr;Nrhp
lhkd; ilA+ ,yl;rj;jT P rz;bfh; jhj;uh & me;jkhd; ehfh; me;jkhd; jhj;uh & ehfh;
2011 nrd;r]; khepy thhpahf vOj;jwpT ngw;Nwhh; khepyk; ,e;jpah mUzhry; mNrhk; Me;jpuk; cj;jh;fhz;l; cj;jpug;gpuNjrk; xb~h fh;ehlfk; F[uhj; Nfusk; Nfhth rl;B];fh; rpf;fpk; jkpo;ehL jphpGuh ehfyhe; ehfyhe;J gQ;rhg; gPfhh; kfhuh~;buk; kzpg;G+h;
nkhj;jk; 76,34,98,517 7,66,005 1,91,77,977 5,05,56,760 68,80,953 11,43,97,555 2,67,42,595 4,06,47,322 4,10,93,358 2,81,35,824 11,65,487 1,53,79,922 4,44,952 5,18,37,507 28,04,783 13,42,434 1,87,07,137 5,25,04,553 8,15,54,290 17,68,181
Mz;fs; 43,46,83,779 4,39,868 1,05,68,639 2,82,51,243 38,63,708 6,82,34,964 1,50,89,681 2,25,08,471 2,34,74,873 1,37,04,903 6,15,823 88,07,893 2,51,269 2,80,40,491 15,01,369 7,23,957 1,04,36,056 3,16,08,023 4,52,57,584 9,60,015
ngz;fs; 32,88,14,738 3,26,137 86,09,338 2,23,05,517 30,17,245 4,61,62,591 1,16,52,914 1,81,38,851 1,76,18,485 1,44,30,921 5,49,664 65,72,029 1,93,683 2,37,97,016 13,03,414 6,18,477 82,71,081 2,08,96,530 3,62,96,706 8,08,166
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
19 | P a g e kj;jpag;gpuNjrk; 4,28,51,169 kpNrhuk; 8,48,175 Nkfhyah 17,85,005 Nkw;F tq;fhsk; 6,15,38,281 uh[];jhd; hd; 3,82,75,282 [k;K & fh~;khP ; 70,67,233 [hh;ff ; z;l; 1,83,28,069 `hpahdh 1,65,98,988 `pkhr;ry; 50,39,736 me;jkhd; & 2,94,281 epNfhgh; ,yl;rj;jT P 52,553 rz;bfh; 8,05,438 lhkd; & ilA+ 1,88,406 jhj;uh ehfh; 2,23,230 `Ntyp GJr;Nrhp 9,57,309 GJjpy;yp 1,27,37,767
2,51,74,328 4,38,529 9,13,879 3,38,18,810 2,36,88,412 42,64,671 1,18,82,519 97,94,067 27,52,590 1,64,377
1,76,76,841 4,09,646 8,71,126 2,77,19,471 1,45,86,870 28,02,562 74,45,550 68,04,921 22,87,146 1,29,904
28,023 4,65,346 1,24,643 1,42,521
24,530 3,40,092 63,763 80,709
4,97,378 71,94,856
4,59,931 55,42,911
Largest Vs Smallest distribution Largest State (Area)
Rajasthan
Smallest State (Area)
Goa
Largest Union Territory (Area)
Andaman & Nicobar Islands
Smallest Union Territory (Area)
Lakshadweep
Largest District (Area)
Kachchh (Gujarat)
Smallest District (Area)
Mahe ( Pondicherry )
Highest Population State
Uttar Pradesh
Lowest Population State
Sikkim
UT with Highest Population
Delhi
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
20 | P a g e UT with Lowest Population
Lakshadweep
State with Highest Population Density State with Lowest Population Density UT with Highest Population Density UT with Lowest Population Density State with Highest Female Sex Ratio State with Lowest Female Sex Ratio UT with Highest Female Sex Ratio
Bihar 1,102 Arunachal Pradesh 17 Delhi
UT with Lowest Female Sex Ratio
Andaman & Nicobar Islands Kerala 1,084 Haryana 879 Pondicherry 1,037 Daman & Diu 618
2011 TAMIL NADU CENSUS Census 2011 was held in two phases House listing and Housing census – April to Sep, 2010 Population Enumeration – 9th to 28th Feb 2011 Population
Literacy
Density of population Sex Ratio Child Sex ratio (0–6 age group)
Total 7,21,38,958 Males 3,61,58,871 Females 3, 59,80,087 Total 80.33% Males 86.81% Females 73.866% 555 per km2 per 1000 males 996 females per 1000 males 946 females
Decadal population growth – 15.60% (TN)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
21 | P a g e Population Top four District of population Chennai Kancheepuram Vellore Thiruvallur
Least Four District of population Karur Ariyalur The Nilgiris Permabalur
Literacy Rate: Top Four Districts Kanyakumari – 92.1% Chennai – 90.3% Thoothukkudi – 86.5% The Nilgiris – 85.7%
Least Four Districts Krishnagiri – 72.4% Viluppuram – 72.1% Ariyalur – 72.0% Dharmapuri – 64.7%
PROFILE OF STATES STATES AND ITS CAPITALS S.NO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
STATES Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhatisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh
CAPITAL Hyderabad Itanagar Dispur Patna Raipur Panaji Gandhinagar Chandigarh Shimla Srinagar (Summer), (Winter) Ranchi Bangalore Thiruvananthapuram Bhopal
Jammu
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
22 | P a g e 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.
Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Orissa Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Telangana (2014) Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttaranchal West Bengal
Mumbai Imphal Shillong Aizawl Kohima Bhubaneswar Chandigarh Jaipur Gangtok Chennai Hyderabad Agartala Lucknow Dehradun Kolkata
UNION TERRITORY AND ITS CAPITALS: S.NO 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36.
UNION TERRITORY Andaman & Nicobar Islands Chandigarh Dadra & Nagar Haveli Daman & Diu Lakshadweep Delhi Pondicherry
CURRENT GOVERNORS MINISTERS OF STATES STATE Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam
CURRENT GOVERNORS E. S. L. Narasimhan Nirbhay Sharma Janaki
Ballabh
CAPITAL Port Blair Chandigarh Silvasa Daman Kavaratti Delhi Pondicherry
AND
CHIEF
CURRENT CHIEF MINISTERS N. Chandrababu Naidu Nabam Tuki Tarun Gogoi
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
23 | P a g e Patnaik D. Y. Patil Shekhar Dutt Bharat Vir Wanchoo Margaret Alva
Bihar Chhattisgarh Goa Gujarat
Haryana
Jagannath Pahadia
Himachal Pradesh Jammu Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala
Urmila Singh and
Narinder Nath Vohra Syed Ahmed K. Rosaiah Sheila Dikshit
Madhya Pradesh
Ram Naresh Yadav
Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha
Punjab
Shivraj Patil
Rajasthan
Tamil Nadu
Margaret Alva Shriniwas Dadasaheb Patil K. Rosaiah
Telangana
E. S. L. Narasimhan
Sikkim
Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand West Bengal
K. Sankaranarayanan Vinod Kumar Duggal Krishan Kant Paul Kamla Beniwal Ashwani Kumar S. C. Jamir
Vakkom Purushothaman Aziz Qureshi Aziz Qureshi D. Y. Patil
Jitan Ram Manjhi Raman Singh Manohar Parrikar Anandiben Patel Bhupinder Singh Hooda Virbhadra Singh Omar Abdullah
Hemant Soren Siddaramaiah Oommen Chandy Shivraj Singh Chouhan Prithviraj Chavan Okram Ibobi Singh Mukul Sangma Pu Lalthanhawla T. R. Zeliang Naveen Patnaik Parkash Singh Badal Vasundhara Raje Pawan Kumar Chamling Jayalalithaa K. Chandrashekar Rao Manik Sarkar Akhilesh Yadav Harish Rawat Mamata Banerjee
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
24 | P a g e
CURRENT LIEUTENANT-GOVERNORS AND ADMINISTRATORS OF UNION TERRITORIES UNION TERRITORY Lieutenant Governor of Delhi Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry Lieutenant Governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands Administrator of Chandigarh Administrator of Dadra and Nagar Haveli Administrator of Daman and Diu Administrator of Lakshadweep
LIEUTENANTGOVERNORS
CURRENT MINISTERS
CHIEF
Najeeb Jung
Vacant
Virendra Kataria
N. Rangasamy
A. K. Singh
Shivraj Patil B. S. Bhalla B. S. Bhalla H. Rajesh Prasad
NATIONAL SYMBOLS S.NO SYMBOL 1. National Flag 2.
National Emblem
3.
National Anthem
DATE Adopted by the constituent assembly on July 22, 1947 Adopted by government of India on Jan .26.1950 - taken from Ashoka’s pillar located in Saranath (Varanasi). Adopted by the constituent Assembly on Jan 24, 1950, recited for the first time at the Calcutta session of the congress on Dec27, 1911.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
25 | P a g e 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
National Song
‘Bande Mataram ‘taken from ‘Ananadmath ‘, the famous creation of Aurbindo Ghosh, sung for the first time at the congress session in 1896. National Adopted by the Govt. of India on March 22, Calendar 1957, based on the Saka Era. National The majestic Tiger (Panthera tigris) is the Animal National Animal of India. National Bird Indian peacock, it is fully protected under the Indian wildlife (protection) Act, 1972. The Name of ‘India is known as Bharat ‘(Art 1) the Country
IMPORTANT HEADS OF INDIA CONSTITUTIONAL OFFICES No 1. 2. 3.
Name
Office President of India Vice President of India Chief Justice of India
Pranab Mukherjee Mohammad Hamid Ansari Rajendra Mal Lodha
POLITICAL OFFICIALS No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Name
Office Prime Minister of India Speaker of the Lok Sabha Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha Chairman of the Rajya Sabha Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha
Narendra Modi Sumitra Mahajan To be announced Ghulam Nabi Azad Mohammad Hamid Ansari P.J. Kurien
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
26 | P a g e
DEFENCE AND SECURITY NO 1.
Chief of Army Staff
2.
Chief of Air Staff
3.
Chief of Naval Staff Director General, Border Security Force Director General, Central Reserve Police Force Director General,Central Industrial Security Force Director, Central Bureau of Investigation Director, Intelligence Bureau Director General, National Investigation Agency
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
NAME
OFFICE
General Bikram Singh Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha Admiral Robin Dhowan D K Pathak Dileep Trivedi Arvind Ranjan Ranjit Sinha Syed Asif Ibrahim Sharad Kumar
HEADS OF GOVERNMENTAL DEPARTMENTS No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Name
Office Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission Chief Election Commissioner of India Chairperson, National Human Rights Commission Chairman, National Commission for Minorities Chairman, National Commission for SC Chairman, National Commission for ST Chairperson, National Commission for Women Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission Chairman, ISRO
Montek Singh Ahluwalia V. S. Sampath Justice K.G. Balakrishnan Sh. Naseem Ahmad P.L.Punia Dr Oraon
Rameshwar
Ms. Mamta Sharma Ratan Kumar Sinha K. Radhakrishnan
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
27 | P a g e 10. 11.
Chairman, Union Public Service D P Agrawal Commission Chairman, National Knowledge Sam Pitroda Commission
HEADS OF FINANCIAL BODIES No 1. 2.
Name
Office Finance Commission of India Governor of Reserve Bank of India
Y V Reddy Raghuram Rajan
BUREAUCRATS No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Name
Office
National Security Advisor Ajit kumar dowal Attorney General of India Mukul Rohatgi Comptroller and Auditor General of Shashi Kant Sharma India Solicitor General of India Ranjit kumar Principal Scientific Adviser R. Chidambaram
TAMIL NADU Established Bounded by Capital Largest city Districts Total area Total Population (2011) Population Rank Density Literacy
26 January 1950 Tamil Nadu is bounded by Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka on west by Kerala, on the east, by the Bay of Bengal and on south by the Indian Ocean. Chennai Chennai 32 130,058 km2 (50,216 sq mi) 72,138,958 6th 550/km2 (1,400/sq mi) 80.3 per cent (2011 census)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
28 | P a g e Official language Flower Tree Bird Animals
Important facts
Neighbouring States Sea Neighbouring Country
Tamil Kandhal Palmera Palm Emerald Dove Nilgiri Tahr i. It was one of the first of British settlements in India. ii.Tamil Nadu is home to man natural resources, Hindu temples of Dravidian architecture, hi stations, beach resorts multi-religious pilrime sites an UNESCO world heritage sight. iii. Its economy depends largely on agriculture. iv. Chennai, Tuticorin and Ennore are the major ports in the State Tamil Nadu. v. Major industries in Tamil Nadu are cotton textiles, chemical fertilizers, paper and its products, diesel engine, iron and steel, railway wagons and coaches etc Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh Puducherry (UT) Bay of Bengal and Indian Ocean Sri Lanka
ANDHRA PRADESH Nick Name Established
Bounded by
Rice Bowl of India 1 October 1953; (first established) 2 June 2014; (re-organised) Bound on the north by Orissa & Chhattisgarh, on the west by Maharashtra & Karnataka, on the south by Tamil Nadu and on the east by the Bay of Bengal with a coastline of 974 km. 13 total 160,205 km2
Districts Total area Total population 49,386,799 2011 Population Rank 10th
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
29 | P a g e Density Literacy Official State Language Emblem Principal Languages Song Dance Animal Bird Flower Tree Sport
Important facts
308/km2 (800/sq mi) 67.41% (2011) Telugu Poorna kumbham Telugu, Urdu Maa Telugu Thalliki by Sri Sankarambadi Sundaraachari Kuchipudi Black Buck Indian Roller Water lily Neem Kabaddi i. With the passing of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, there was a merger of Hyderabad State and Andhra State, and consequently Andhra Pradesh came Mo being on 1 November 1956. It is historically called the "Rice Bowl of India". ii. It is well known globally for its variety of rocks and minerals and is called Ratna Garbha. iii. It stands first in value of minor mineral production and second in total value of mineral production in the country. iv. The Hyderabad Information Technology Engineering Consultancy City (HITEC City) is the largest information technology park in India. v. Andhra Pradesh has the second-longest coastline of 972 km among the state of India.
TELANGANA Established Districts • Lok Sabha constituencies • Total Area rank Population (2011) • Total
2 June 2014 10 17 114,840 km2 (44,340 sq mi) 12th 35,193,978
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
30 | P a g e • Rank • Density Literacy Official language
12th 310/km2 (790/sq mi) 66.50% Telugu, Urdu
njYq;fhdh jdp khepyk; Me;jpu khepyj;ij ,uz;lhfg; gphpj;J njYq;fhdh khepyj;ij cUthf;f> jpy;ypapy; eilngw;w If;fpa Kw;Nghf;Ff; $l;lzp (I.K.$) jiyth;fs; $l;lj;jpy; xUkdjhf xg;Gjy; mspf;fg;gl;lJ. ,J ehl;bd; 29-tJ khepykhf ,Uf;Fk;. mLj;j 10 Mz;LfSf;F Me;jpuk;> njYq;fhdhTf;F i`juhghj; nghJthd jiyefuhf ,Uf;Fk;. njyq;fhdh khepyk; 10 khtl;lq;fs;> 17 kf;fsitj; njhFjpfs; kw;Wk; 119 rl;lg;Nguitj; njhFjpfisf; nfhz;ljhf ,Uf;Fk;.
Gjpa njYq;fhdh hdh topKiwfs; topKiwfs:
khepyk;
cUthf
,e;jpa
murikg;gpy;
1. Gjpa khepyk; cUthf kj;jpa fhgpdl; mDkjp (Union Cabinet Approval) toq;f Ntz;Lk;. 2. gpd; cs;Jiw mikr;rfk; Me;jpu rl;lrigapy; Gjpa khepyk; cUthf jPhk ; hdk; epiwNtw;w Nfl;Lf;nfhs;Sk; (Home Minister ask Andhra Pradesh Legislature) 3. Me;jpu rl;lrig jPhk ; hdk; vg;gb ,Ue;jhYk; (Irrespective) [dhjpgjp me;j jPhk ; hdj;ij fhgpdl;Lf;F mDg;gp itg;ghh;. 4. gpd; Nfgpdl; msTfis gphpj;J [dhjpgjpf;F mDg;gp itf;f Ntz;Lk;. 5. [dhjpgjp kPzL ; k; Me;jpu rl;lrigf;F mDg;gp itg;ghh;. 6. Me;jpuhtpd; jPhk ; hdk; vg;gb ,Ue;jhYk; (VJthf ,Ue;jhYk; (m) VJ ,y;yhky; ,Ue;jhYk;) kf;fsit (m) khepyq;fs; mitapy; kNrhjh Bill nfhz;L tug;gLk;. 7. ,U mitfspYk; rhjhuz ngUk;ghd;ik (Simple Majority) ngw;W kNrhjhit epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk;. 8. gpd; [dhjpgjp xg;Gjy; (Assent) mspf;f Ntz;Lk;. 9. [dhjpgjp ve;j ehs; Kjy; Gjpa khepyk; eilKiwf;F tUk; vd mwptpg;ghh;. 10. kj;jpa> khepy muRfspd; gpukhz gj;jpuj;jpy; mwpf;if ntspapLk;.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
31 | P a g e
KERALA Established Bounded by Capital Districts Total area Total Population (2011) Population Rank Density Literacy Official languages Animal Bird Tree Flower
Important facts
Neighbouring States/UTs
1 November 1956 Kerala is situated in the south-west corner of India and bordered in the north and north east by Karnataka, in the east by Tamilnadu and in the west by Lakshadweep. Thiruvananthapuram 14 38,863 km2 (15,005 sq mi) 33,387,677 13th 860/km2 (2,200/sq mi) 93.91% (ranked 1st in India) Malayalam, English Elephant Great Hornbill Coconut Kanikonna i. When independent Indian amalgamated smalls states together Travancore and Cochin states were integrated to form Travancore-Cochin State on 1 July 1949. However, Malabar remained under the Madras province. Under the State's Re-organisation Act 1956. ii. Travancore-Cochin state and Malabar were united to form Kerala state on 1 November 1956. iii. Kerala has highest literacy rate (93.9%) and highest sex ratio (1084) in India. Iv. Kerala has the highest Human Development Index in India, higher than that of most developed countries. v. Kerala is very rich in cash crops especially spices. vi. Calicut is the major port. Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Lakshadweep
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
32 | P a g e
KARNATAKA Established
Bounded by
Capital Total area Total Population (2011) Population Rank Density Official language Literacy Tree Bird Flower
Important facts
Neighbouring States Sea
1 November 1956 The State is located in the mid-western part of the Deccan plateau and lies to the south of Goa and Maharashtra, West of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, north of Kerala, east of Arabian Sea with a coastline of nearly 400 km. Bangalore 191,791 km2 (74,051 sq mi) 61,130,704 8th 320/km2 (830/sq mi) Kannada 75.60% (16th in states, 23rd if Union Territories are counted) Sandal Indian Roller Lotus i. After Independence, Mysore state was created in 1953, wherein all the Kannada dominant areas under different dispensations were unified and the enlarged Mysore state carved in 1956 and was renamed Karnataka in 1973, Bengaluru is the most famous IT destination. ii. Karnataka is famous for its sandal soap and sandal wood oil. iii. It stands first In the production of electronic equipments and raw silk. iv. New Mangalore id the major port. v. Many's of India's premier science and technology research centres such as ISRO, Central Power Research Institute, BEL and the Central Food Technological Research Institute are headquartered in Karnataka. Kerala, Goa, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu Arabian Sea
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
33 | P a g e
GUJARAT Established Bounded by Districts Total Area Total Population (2011) Population (2011)Rank Density Official Spoken languages Literacy Bird Animal
Neighbouring States/UTs Neighbouring Country
1 May 1960 The State is bounded by the Arabian Sea on the west, Pakistan and Rajasthan in the north and north-east respectively. Madhya Pradesh in the south-east and Maharashtra in the south. 33 total 196,024 km2 (75,685 sq mi) 60,383,628 9th 310/km2 (800/sq mi) Gujarati English, Hindi, Kutchi, Sindhi 80.18 % Greater Flamingo Asiatic i. The present state of Gujarat came into being on 1 May 1960. ii. Gujarat has become the first state in India to start a separate department of 'climate change' to tackle the issue of global warming. iii. Gujarat has become the first state in India to come with solar policy in 2009, with a view to give boost to the solar energy sector. Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh. Daman and Diu. Dadra and Nagar Haveli Pakistan Sea ,Arabian Sea
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
34 | P a g e
MAHARASHTRA Established
Bounded by
Capital Districts Total area Total Population (2011) Population (2011) Rank Density Literacy Sex Ratio Official languages Language Song Dance Animal Bird Flower Tree Sport
Important Facts
1 May 1960 (Maharashtra Day) Arabian Sea guards the western boundary of Maharashtra, while Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh are on the northern side. Chhattisgarh covers eastern boundary of the state. Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh are on its southern side. Mumbai 35 total 307,713 km2 (118,809 sq mi) 112,372,972 2nd 370/km2 (950/sq mi) 82.9% (6th) 922 (2001) Marathi Marathi Jai Jai Maharashtra Majha Lavani Indian Giant Squirrel Yellow-footed Green Pigeon Lagerstroemia Mango Kabaddi i. The administrative evolution of the state of Maharashtra is the outcome of the linguistic reorganisation of the States of India, effected on 1 May 1960. ii. It is the industrial powerhouse of India. iii. The world famous film industry Bollywood is in Maharashtra, located in the economic capital of India, Mumbai. iv. Mumbai and Jawaharlal Nehru port are the major ports.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
35 | P a g e Neighbouring States Sea
Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Chhattisgarh Arabian Sea
Andhra Pradesh.
MADHYA PRADESH Established Bounded by Capital Districts Total Area Total Population (2011) Population Rank Density Literacy Sex Ratio Official languages Language Dance Animal Bird Fish Flower Tree River Sport
Important Facts
1 November 1956 Madhya Pradesh is bounded in north by Uttar Pradesh, east by Chhattisgarh south by Maharashtra and west by Gujarat and Rajasthan. Bhopal 50 308,252 km2 (119,017 sq mi) 72,597,565 6th 236/km2 (610/sq mi) 70.60% (2011) 930 (2011) Hindi Hindi Rai Barasingha (Rucervus duvaucelii / Swamp Deer) Dudhraj Mahseer Lily Banyan Narmada Malkhamb It came into being on 1 November 1956. It was reorganised on 1 November 2000 to , create a new Chhattisgarh state. • It is the second largest Indian State in size. • M.P. has topped in the country in the implementation of National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
36 | P a g e
Madhya Pradesh, often called the heart of India, is a state in Central India. • It is the second largest state by area and sixth largest state by population. It is primarily an agricultural state. • Pachmori Biosphere Reserve in Saipura range and Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve are two of the 17 biosphere reserves in India. Neighbouring States
Maharashtra, Gujarat. Rajasthan , Uttar Pradesh. Chhattisgarh
PUNJAB Established Capital Total area Area rank Total Population (2011) Density Literacy Official languages Animal Bird Tree Neighbouring States
1966-11-01 Chandigarh 50,362 km2 (19,445 sq mi) 19th 27,704,236 550/km2 (1,400/sq mi) 76.68% Punjabi Blackbuck Northern Goshawk Sheesham Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan
Neighbouring Country
Pakistan
Important facts
Agriculture is the largest occupation in Punjab; it is the largest single provider of wheat to India. ♦ Per hectare yield is maximum in Punjab. ♦ Bhakra dam (on Sutlej) is the highest dam of India. ♦ Punjab is the only state in India with a majority Sikh population.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
37 | P a g e
♦ Various small-scale industries are operational in Punjab such as bicycle parts, sewing machine, hand tools and machine tools etc.
ASSAM Established Districts • Total Area • Total Population (2011) • Population (2011) Rank • Density Literacy
1912 (Assam Province - British India), 15 August 1947; 66 years ago (Assam - Independent India) 27 78,550 km2 (30,330 sq mi) 31,169,272 14th 400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) 73.18%
MIZORAM Established Districts • Total Area • Total Population (2011) • Population (2011) Rank • Density Literacy
20 February 1987 8 21,087 km2 (8,142 sq mi) 1,091,014 27th 52/km2 (130/sq mi) 91.58%
ARUNACHAL PRADESH Established Largest city Area Total Area rank • Total Population (2011) • Population (2011) Rank • Density Literacy Official languages
20 February 1987 Itanagar 83,743 km2 (32,333 sq mi) 15th 1,382,611 27th 17/km2 (43/sq mi) 66.95% English
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
38 | P a g e
MEGHALAYA Established Districts • Total Area • Total Population (2011) • Population (2011) Rank • Density Literacy
21 January 1972 11 22,429 km2 (8,660 sq mi) 2,964,007 23rd[ 130/km2 (340/sq mi) 75.84%
MANIPUR Established Districts • Total Area • Total Population (2011) • Population (2011) Rank • Density Literacy
21 January 1972 9 22,327 km2 (8,621 sq mi) 2,721,756 22nd 120/km2 (320/sq mi) 79.85%
DELHI Settled Incorporated Capital formation Area • National Capital Territory • Land • Water Population (2011) • National Capital Territory Population (2011 • Density Important Facts
1638 1857 1911 1,484.0 km2 (573.0 sq mi) 1,590.0 km2 (614.0 sq mi) 18.0 km2 (6.9 sq mi)
12,565,901 11,297/km2 (29,259.12/sq mi) In 1911, Delhi became the centre of all activities after the capital was shifted from Kolkata (Calcutta). It was made a Union Territory in 1956. Delhi is the largest metropolis by area and the
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
39 | P a g e
second largest metropolis by population in India. ♦ It is the eight largest metropolis in the world by population. ♦ Delhi is the largest commercial centre of Northern India and is the largest centre of small industries. ♦ Delhi has greater number of vehicles than the total vehicles of Kolkata, Mumbai and Chennai put together. Neighbouring States
Haryana , Uttar Pradesh
PUDUCHERRY Established
Bounded by
District(s) Total area Total Population Density Official languages
Important Facts
1 July 1963 The territory of Pondicherry comprises Yanam, Puducherry, Karaikal and Mahe.Yanam is situated adjacent to the East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh. Pondicherry is bordered in the east by the Bay of Bengal and on three sides by Tamil Nadu and about 150 km south of it in the east coast lies Karaikal. Mahe is situated on the Malabar coast of Western Ghats and is surrounded by Kerala. 4 492 km2 (190 sq mi) 1,244,464 2,500/km2 (6,600/sq mi) French, Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu In September, 2006, the territory changed its official name from Pondicherry to Puducherry, which means 'New Village' in the Te language. ♦ It is a former French colony consisting of four district Puducherry, Karaikul, Yaman andMahe.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
40 | P a g e
‘xbah’ nkhopfF ; nrk;nkhop me;j];J xbrh khepyj;jpd; nkhopahd xbah nkhopf;F nrk;nkhop me;j];ij kj;jpa muR toq;fpAs;sJ. nrk;nkhop me;j];J ngWtjw;F vd;w rhfpj;jpa mfhjkp epGzh; FO ehd;F tiuaiwfisf; $WfpwJ. Vwj;jho 1500 Kjy; 2000 Mz;Lfs; goikahdjhfTk; gpwnkhop jd;ikapid jd;dfj;Nj nfhz;buhky; jdpahd ,yf;fpa kuigg; ngw;wpUj;jy; mtrpak;. ,e;jpahtpy; nrk;nkhop me;j];J ngw;w nkhopfs;: jkpo; 2004 njYq;F 2008 rk];fpUjk; 2005 fd;dlk; 2008 kiyahsk; 2013 Nghd;w nkhopfs; nrk;nkhop me;j];J ngw;Ws;sd. xbah nkhopf;F ePzl ; ehs; Nfhhpf;iffSf;Fg; gpwF fiy gz;ghl;Lj;Jiw mikr;ruitahy; epakpf;fg;gl;l nkhopapay; ty;Yeh;fs; xbah nkhopia nrk;nkhop gl;baypy; Nrh;ff ; g; ghpe;Jiuj;jdh;. ,g;NghJ nrk;nkhop me;j];ij ngw;w xbah nrk;nkhopg; gl;baypy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s Kjy; ,e;Njh Mhpa nkhop ,JthFk;.
PERSONS IN NEWS
rr;rpd; nlz;Ly;fh; ,e;jpa tpkhdg;gilapd; (IVv/g;) tpsk;guj; J}jh; gzpapypUe;J kh];lh; Ngl;]; Nkd; rr;rpd; nlz;Ly;fh; tpLtpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;. fphpf;nfl;by; rr;rpd; gilj;j rhjidfis nfsutpf;Fk; tifapy; mtUf;F 2010-k; Mz;L ‘F&g; Nfg;ld;’ me;j];J toq;fpaJ IVv/g;. tpkhdg;gil gpd;dzpapyhj xUtUf;F ‘F&g; Nfg;ld;’ gjtp toq;fg;gl;lJ. mJNt Kjy; KiwahFk;. kfhuh~;bu khepyj;ijr; Nrh;ej ; th; rr;rpd; nlz;Ly;fh;. jdJ 16 MtJ tajpy; fphpf;nfl; Mlj; njhlq;fpdhh;. 1989Mk; Mz;by; fphpf;nfl; Nghl;bapy; ,sk; tPuuhf mwpKfkhd mth;. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
41 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
tpisahl;Lj; Jiwapy; rhjid gilj;jjw;fhf rr;rpDf;F 1994,y; mh;[_dh tpUijAk;> 1998,y; uh[Pt; Nfy; uj;dh tpUijAk; kj;jpa muR toq;fp nfsutpj;jJ. mijj; njhlh;eJ ; Fbkf;fSf;F toq;fg;gLk; kpf cahpa tpUjhd ghuj uj;dhTf;F mLj;j epiyapy; cs;s “gj;k tpG+~d;” tpUij rr;rpDf;F 2008,y; kj;jpa muR toq;fp nfsutpj;jJ. 2012 ,y; mg;Nghija FbauRj; jiytuhf ,Ue;j gpujpgh ghl;By;> rr;rpd; nlz;Ly;fiu khepyq;fsit epakd cWg;gpduhf epakpj;jhh;. 200200-tJ nl];Lld; rr;rpd; xa;T ve;jpukhf ,aq;fp te;j rr;rpd; fle;j 24 Mz;Lfshf ud; Ftpf;Fk; nlz;Ly;fs;> jdJ 200-tJ nl];l; Nghl;bAld; xa;T ngWtjhf mwptpj;Js;shh;. Vw;fdNt> xUehs; kw;Wk; b20 fphpf;nfl; Nghl;bfspy; jdJ Xa;it mwptpj;Js;s rr;rpd;> 198 nl];l; Nghl;bfspy; tpisahb> 1583) ud;fis Ftpj;Js;shh;.
rpej ; hkzp eh ehNfr uhkr; uhkr;re;jpu uht; (rp.vd;.Mh;.uht;) 2000 ,y; cyfg;Gfo; ngw;w uhay; nrhirl;bapd; `f;fp]; gjf;fj;ij mtUf;F rh;tNjr mwptpay; r%fk; toq;fpaJ. rp.vd;.Mh;. uhTf;F 2004,y; ,e;jpa mwptpay; tpUij kj;jpa muR toq;fpf; nfsutpj;jJ. rh;.rp.tp.uhkd;> Kd;dhs; FbauRj; jiyth; mg;Jy; fyhKf;F mLj;jg;gbahf ghuj uj;dh tpUJ ngWk; 3MtJ tpQ;Qhdp vd;w ngUikia mth; ngw;Ws;shh;. jw;NghJ mth;> gpujkhpd; mwptpay; MNyhrfh; FOj;jiytuhf cs;shh;. nrt;tha;f; fpufj;Jf;F kq;fs;ahd; tpz;fyj;ij ntw;wpfukhf tpz;zpy; Vtpa jpl;lj;Jf;Fg; gpd;Gykhf ,Ue;J nray;gl;lth;.
ntdpRyhtpd; Nfg;hpnay;yh I];yh; gpugQ;r mofp gl;lk; ntd;whh;: 2013 Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd gpugQ;r mofp Nghl;bapy; (kp]; A+dpth;]); > ntdpRyhitr; Nrh;ej ; Nfg;hpnay;yh I];yh; gl;lj;ijf; ifg;gw;wpdhh;. ,uz;lhk; ,lk; - gl;hpfh Nuhl;hpf;> ];ngapd; %d;whk; ,lk; - fhd;]l ; d;]h Nga];>
~uj;Fkhh; Njrpa Gydha;T mikg;gpd; jiyth; nghWg;gpy; cs;s v];.rp.rpd;fh ePff ; g;gl;L> mtUf;F gjpyhf ~uj; Fkhh; epakpf;fg;gl;ls;shh;. mth; 1979k; Mz;L mhpahdh gphptpy; I.gp.v];. mjpfhhp Mdth; Mthh;.
cird; Nghy;l; ,u~;ahtpd;> kh];Nfhtpy; eilngw;WtUk; cyfj;jlfsg; Nghl;bapy; [ikf;fhtpd; cird; Nghy;l; 100kP vDk; ge;ja J}uj;ij 9.77 tpdhbfspy; Xb rhk;gpad; gl;lk; ntd;Ws;shh;. 200 kP xl;lj;jpYk; Kjyplk; gpbj;jhh; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
42 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
uFuhk;uh[d; gpujkhpd; Kjd;ik nghUshjhu MNyhrfh; jpU. uFuhk; Nfhtpe;j; uh[d; hprh;t; tq;fpapd; 23tJ fth;duhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;. ,thpd; gjtpf; fhyk; %d;W Mz;Lfs; MFk;. 2008 Mz;L nghUshjhu ke;j epiyia 2005 Mz;bNyNa fzpj;J cyfpw;F mwptpj;jth;. hprh;t; tq;fp tuyhw;wpy; ,sk; tajpNy (50 taJ) ,g;gjtpia ngw;Ws;shh;. 2008 – Mz;L tiu ,th; IMF-y; jiyikg; nghUshjhu MNyhrfuhf gzpahw;wpAs;shh;.
Jh;fh ehf;ghy; rf;jp 2009 I.v.v]; mzpapd; ,sk; mjpfhhp Jh;fh rf;jp ehf;ghy; cj;jpugpuNjr murhy; jw;fhypf gzpePff ; k; nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;..
R.A. Nkj;jh F[uhj; MSduhy; ePjpaurh; jpU. R.A. Nkj;jh mth;fs; Nyhf; mAf;jh jiytuhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;. Mdhy;> mth; mg;gjtpia Vw;Wf; nfhs;stpy;iy.
tpd] ; ; fphpjhhp rhg;hpah ah mnkhpf;fhtpd; fypNghh;dpah tlf;F khtl;l ePjpgjp gjtpf;F ,e;jpa tk;rhtspiar; Nrh;ej ; tpd;]; fphpjhhp rhg;hpahit mjpgh; xghkh ghpe;Jiuj;Js;shh;.
mwpTrhh; nrhj;Jhpik jPhg ; g ; haj;jpd; jiyth; Njh;T
Nky;KiwaPlL ;
kj;jpa tzpfk; kw;Wk; njhopy; mikr;rfj;jpd; fPo; ,aq;Fk; mwpTrhh; nrhj;Jhpik Nky;KiwaPlL ; jPhg ; g ; haj;jpd; jiytuhf Kd;dhs; nrd;id cah;ej P pkd;w ePjpgjp Nf. erpUy;yhgh~h vd;fpw Nf.vd;. gh~h epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.
I.x.rp.apd; Gjpa jiyth; jiyth mh;n[z;bdhtpy; eilngw;w 125-tJ rh;tNjr xypk;gpf; rq;fj;jpd; $l;lj;jpy; Gjpa jiytuhfj; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;l n[h;kdpiar; Nrh;ej ; jhk]; ghf; Njh;en ; jLf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;. n[h;kdpia Nrh;ej ; jhk;]; ghf;> 1976-k; Mz;L xypk;gpf;fpy; ths; rz;il Nghl;bapd; ghap]; mzpfs; gphptpy; jq;fk; ntd;wth;.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
43 | P a g e
[pkg ; hg;Nt mjpguhf KfhNg kPzL ; k; gjtpNaw; Naw;G Njh;jyy; ntw;wp ngw;W [pk;ghg;Nt mjpguhf uhgh;l; KfhNg kPzL ; k; gjtpNaw;whh;. mLj;j 5 Mz;LfSf;F mth; mjpghuhf ePbg;ghh;. 1980-Mk; Mz;L gphpl;b~hplkpUe;J Rje;jpuk; ngw;wJ Kjy; fle;j 33 Mz;Lfshf uhgh;l; KfhNg mjpguhf ,Ue;J tUfpwhh; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
gpugy xb]p rq;fpj tpjt ; hd; uFehj;> kiwT gpugy xb]p rq;fpj tpj;thd; gj;k= uFehj; ghzpfpu~p fhykhdhh;. ehl;bd; fiy> fyhrhuj;Jf;F mth; mspj;j gq;fspg;igf; fUj;jpy; nfhz;L 2010-Mk; Mz;by; gj;k= cs;spl;l gy;NtW tpUJfs; mtUf;F toq;fg;gl;Lssd. rq;fj P ehlf mfhnjkp tpUijAk; mth; ngw;Ws;shh;. 2008k; Mz;L kjpg;Gkpf;f ‘IaNjt; rk;khd;’ tpUJk; mtUf;F fpilj;Js;sJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
xypkg ; pf; gjf;fj;ij Mk;]l ; ;uhq;
jpUg;gp
mspjj ; hh;
Cf;fkUe;J gad;gLj;jpa Fw;wk; epUgpf;fg;gl;lijj; njhlh;eJ ; > xypk;gpf; Nghl;bapy; ntd;w ntz;fyg; gjf;fj;ij jpUg;gp mspj;jhh; mnkhpf;fhitr; Nrh;ej ; irf;fps; ge;ja tPuh; yhd; Mk;]l ; u; hq;.
VQ;ryh nkh;nfy; gpujkh; Mfpwhh;
33-tJ
Kiwahf
n[h;kdp
n[h;kdpapy; eilngw;w ghuhSkd;w Njh;jypy; gpujkh; VQ;ryh nkh;fypd; MSq;fl;rp mjpf ,lq;fspy; ntw;wpngw;W Ml;rpia ifg;gw;wpAs;sJ. Vw;fdNt mth; 2005> 2009-k; Mz;Lfspy; eilngw;w Njh;jy;fspy; ntd;W gpujkuhf gjtp tfpf;fpwhh;. fpof;F n[h;kdpia Nrh;ej ; VQ;ryh ,aw;gpay; ty;Ydh; Mthh;. fle;j 1989-y; ngh;ypd; Rth; ,bj;J mfw;wg;gl;L Nkw;F n[h;kdpAk;> fpof;F n[h;kdpAk; ,ize;jNghJ murpaYf;F te;jhh;. jw;NghJ INuhg;gpa ehLfspy; rf;jpkpf;f jiytuhf tpsq;Ffpwhh;.
v];.gp.I.(SBI) jiytuhf mUe;jjp epakdk; kdk ghuj ];Nll; tq;fpapd; Gjpa jituhf mUe;jjp gl;lhr;rhh;ah epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;. jw;NghJ mth; ,e;j tq;fpapd; eph;thf ,af;FeuhfTk; jiyik ePjp mjpfhhpahfTk; nghWg;G tfpj;J tUfpwhh;. ,t;tq;fpapd; 207 tUl rhpj;jpuj;jpy; jiyth; gjtp tfpf;Fk; Kjy; ngz; mUe;jjp gl;lhr;rhh;ah vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
44 | P a g e
kj;jpa epht ; hfj; epakdk;
jPhg ; g ; ha
epue;ju
cWg;gpdh;
jkpof Kd;dhs; jiyik Njh;jy; mjpfhhp eNu~; Fg;jh nrd;id cah;ej P pkd;w tshfj;jpy; cs;s kj;jpa eph;thfj; jPhg ; g ; haj;jpd; eph;thfg; gphpT cWg;gpduhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.
mnkhpff ; nghwpapay; mfhnjkpapd; cWg;gpduhf uj;jd; lhlh Njh;T cyf mstpy; Fwpg;ghf ,e;jpahtpy; njhopy; tsh;rr ; pf;F rpwe;j gq;fspg;ig toq;fpaikf;fhf gpugy njhopyjpgh; uj;jd; lhlh> mnkhpf;fhtpy; cs;s Njrpa nghwpapy; mfhnjkpapd; ntspehl;L cWg;gpduhf epakpf;fg;gLfpwhh;.
mnkhpff ; Idhjpgjpahf xghkh kPzL ; k; gjtp Vw;whh;. 2tJ gjtp Vw;G tpoh: h mnkhpf;fhtpy; fle;j etk;gh; khjk; 6e; Njjp eilngw;w [dhjpgjp Njh;jypy; ghuf; xghkh kPzL ; k; Nghl;bapl;L mNkhf ntw;wp ngw;whh;. ,jd;%yk; mtUf;F 2tJ Kiwahf [dhjpgjp gjtpapy; mkUk; tha;gG ; fpilj;jJ. Mg;ufhk; ypq;fd;> khh;lb ; d; Y}jh; fpq; MfpNahh; gad;gLj;jp tuyhw;W rpwg;Gkpf;f 2 iggps;fis itj;J xghkh cWjpnkhop vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhh;.
etPl; fhh; jpyy ; hd; hd; (Naveet kaur Dhillon) 20 taJ epuk;gpa ,th; gQ;rhgpy; cs;s ghl;bahyhtpy; gpwe;jth;. Kk;igapy eilngw;w ,e;jpa mofpfSf;fhd Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpa mofpahf Kb#l;lg;gl;lhh;.
Atuh[; rpq; fphpf;nfl; tPuuhd ,th; “vd; vd; tho; ; f Nrhjid” tho;fi Nrhjid vd;w Gj;jfj;ij ntspapl;lhh;. ,g;Gj;jfj;jpy; jdJ fphpf;nfl; tho;fi ; fiaAk;> Gw;W Nehahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;L ntspte;jijAk; tphpthff; $wpAs;shh;.
nga;hp nlypdp (Pierre Deligne) fzpjj;jpy; kpf cahpa tpUjhd Vgy; ghpR ,e;j tUlk ngy;[pay; fzpj Nkijahd ,tUf;F toq;fg;gl;lJ.
8tJ Kiwahf elhy; rhjid gpnuQ;R Xgd; nld;dprpd; ,Wjp Ml;lj;jpy; Nltpl; ngh;uiu Njhw;fbj;J 8tJ Kiwahf ungy; elhy; rhk;gpad; gl;lj;ijf; ifg;gw;wpdhh;. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
45 | P a g e
I.eh. nghJr;rig Njh;T:
jiytuhf
[hd;
M~;
If;fpa ehLfs; nghJr;rigapd; jiytuhf [hd; lgp];A+ M~; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.
tpzn ; tspapypUe;j khzth;fSf;F tFg;G vLj;j Kjy; rPdg;ngz; gz; G+kpiar; Rw;wp tUk; tpz;ntsp epiyakhd bahd;fhq;-1 ypUe;J> rPd thq; ahgpq; Gtpapy; cs;s tpz;ntsp tPuhq;fidahd ahgpq;>; khzth;fSf;F ghlk; elj;jpdhh;.
,aw;if tpQQ ; hdp ek; ; ho;thh; ekk jkpofj;jpd; Kf;fpakhd ,aw;if Ntshz; tpQ;Qhdp Nf. ek;kho;thh; (taJ 75) jQ;rhT+h; khtl;lk; jpUf;fhl;Lg;gs;spf;F mUNfAs;s ,sq;fhL fpuhkj;jpy; gpwe;j ,th; mz;zhkiy gy;fiyf; fofj;jpy; Ntshz;ik ,sq;fiyg; gbg;ig Kbj;jth;. jkpofj;jpy; ,aw;if top Ntshz; Kiwfis Cf;Ftpj;jth;. Ntshz;ikg; gw;wpa jfty;fis ‘Nghpif’ vd;w ,aw;if cothz;ik tho;tpay; khj ,jioAk; mth; elj;jp te;jhh;. tptrhaj;jpw;F vjpuhfg; Nghuhba Nghuhl;lq;fs; G+r;rpf;nfhy;ypfs; kPjN ; jd; thA jpl;lk; kugZ Nrhjidfs; gp.b. fj;jphpfha; ntspehLfspy; ,Ue;J czT jhdpaq;fs; ,wf;Fkjp tptrha epyq;fs; NtW Nehf;fq;fSf;fhf gad;gLj;Jjy; jkpo;ehL khRf;fl;Lg;ghl;L thhpak; ,tUf;F “Rw; Rw;Wr;#oy; Rlnuhsp tpUJ” tpUJ toq;fp nfsutpj;jJ. 30 brk;gh; 2013> md;W jQ;ir khtl;lk; gl;Lf;Nfhl;il mUNf mj;jp ntl;bapy; (gpr;rpdpf;Nfhl;il fpuhkj;jpy;) kPjN ; jd; thAj; jpl;lj;ij vjph;jJ ; Nghuhl;lk; elj;jr; nrd;wpUe;jNghJ cly;eyf; Fiwtpdhy; fhykhdhh;.
%d;whtJ `rPdh tq;f Njrj;jpd; gjtpNaw;whh;.
Kiwahf gpujkuhf
N~f;
gjtpNaw;whh; `rPdh
%d;whtJ
N~f; Kiwahfg;
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
46 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
njd; JUtj;ijf; fle;J ,sk; tajpy; rhjid gphpl;ld;> gphp];ly; gFjpiar; Nrh;ej ; Y}ap]; fpshh;f; (16) ciwa itf;Fk; ikd]; 50 bfphp nry;rpa]; Fsphpy; njd; JUtj;ijf; fle;J rhjid Ghpe;Js;shh;. ,jw;F Kd;G 2005 Mk; Mz;L fdlhitr; Nrh;ej ; rhuh nkf;ehah; yhz;lh; p 18 tajpy; nra;j rhjidNa ,sk; tajpy; nra;j rhjidahf ,Ue;jJ.
mutpej ; ; nf[;hpthy; mutpe;j; nf[;hpthy; 1968 Mf];l; 16y; mhpahdhtpy; gpwe;jth;. nghwpapay; gbg;G gbj;jth;. ,e;jpa tUtha; Nrit (IRS) Ntiyapy; gzpahw;wpath;. [d;Nyhf;ghy; kNrhjh kw;Wk; mbkl;l mstpy; jfty; mwpAk; chpikr;rl;lk; (jfty; ngWk; chpik) nfhz;Ltu jdJ gq;fspg;ig mspj;jhh;. jfty; ngWk; chpik midj;J kf;fSf;Fk; fpilf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W ghLgl;ljw;fhf 2006 ,y; uhkd; krNrNr tpUJ ngw;whh;. 2012y; Mk; Mj;kp fl;rp njhlq;fp> 2013y; ele;j jpy;yp rl;lkd;wj; Njh;jypy;> jd;id vjph;jJ ; Nghl;bapl;l ~Pyh jPlr ; pj;ij 25>864 thf;Ffs; tpj;jpahrj;jpy; Njhw;fbj;jhh;.
ru];tjp uq;frhkp chpikfs; ghJfhg;G epakdk;
jkpoe ; hL khepy Foe;ij Mizaj;jd p ; jiytuhf
Gjpjhf mikf;fg;gl;Ls;s jkpo;ehL khepy Foe;ijfs; chpikfs; ghJfhg;G Mizaj;jpd; Kjy; jiytuhf ru];tjpuq; jpuq;frhkp mth;fs; epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;. ,jw;F Kd;djhf mth; jkpo;ehL khepy kfsph; Mizaj;jpd; jiytuhf nghWg;G tfpj;J te;jhh; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. Foe;ijfs; chpikfs; ghJfhg;Gr;rl;lk; - 2005> gphpT 17d;gb midj;J khepyq;fspYk; Foe;ijfs; chpikfisg; ghJfhf;Fk; Mizak; mikg;gJ fl;lhakhf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jd; mbg;gilapy; jkpof muR> jkpo;ehL khepy Foe;ijfs; chpikfs; ghJfhg;G Mizaj;ij mike;Js;sJ.
lhf;lh; tprhyhl;rp neLQ;nropad; jkpoe ; hL khepy kfsph; Mizaj;jpd; jiytuhf epakdk; kiwe;j Kd;dhs; mikr;rh; neLQ;nropad; mth;fspd; kidtpAk; kUj;Jtj;Jiwapy; cah; mjpfhhpahf gzpahw;wp Xa;T ngw;wtUkhd lhf;lh; tprhyhl;rp neLQ;nropad; mth;fs; jkpo;ehL khey kfsph; Mizaj;jpd; Gjpa jiytuhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
47 | P a g e
xa;.tp.nul;b 14tJ jiytuhf epakdk;
epjp
Mizaj;jd p ;
14tJ epjpf;FO Mizaj;jpd; jiytuhf kj;jpa hprh;t; tq;fpapd; Kd;dhs; fth;dh; xa;.tp.nul;b mth;fs; epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh; ,f;FO 2014 mf;Nlhgh; 31Mk; Njjpf;Fs; jdJ mwpf;ifia rkh;gg ; pf;Fk;. ,e;j mwpf;ifapd; mbg;gilapNyNa 2015Mk; Mz;L Vg;uy; 1 Kjy; Ie;jhz;LfSf;fhd epjpg;gfph;T nfhs;iffs; tFf;fg;gLk;. cWg;gpdh;fs;: R~;kh ehj;> vk;.Nfhtpe;j; uha;> mgp[pj; nrd; kw;Wk; Rjpg;Njh Kd;Ny. mwpf;if rkh;gg ; pg;gjw;fhd fhyf;fl;lk;: mf;Nlhgh; 31> 2014f;Fs;
,e;jpa fyhr;rhuj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf epWtg;gl;Ls;s epWtdq;fs; mikg;G rhfpj;jpa mfhnlkp rq;fj P ehlf mfhnlkp Njrpa ehlfg; gs;sp yypj; fyh mfhnlkp
epWtg;gl;l Mz;L 1954
jiyikafk;
1952
GJnly;yp
jw;Nghija ghija jiytu; tp~;tehj; gpurhj; jpthup yPyh rhk;rd;
1959
GJnly;yp
mky; myhdh
1954
GJnly;yp
fy;ahz; Fkhu; rf;utu;jj ; p
GJnly;yp
SUSHMA SINGH Sushma Singh is the fifth Chief Information Commissioner of India. She succeeded Deepak Sandhu and became the second woman to be appointed as the Chief Information Commissioner.
JUSTICE R.M. LODHA Sworn in as 41st Chief Justice of India He succeeds Chief Justice P. Sathasivam
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
48 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
NISHI VASUDEVA First woman to head a blue ship PSU when she took over as the chairman and managing director of Hindustan Petroleum corporation limited (HPCL) (1st March 2014)
PUNEET TALWAR Appointed as Assistant Secretary of State for Political Military Affairs He becoming the second Indian – American to join the state department
N. RAMACHANDRAN President of the Indian Olympic Association
MICHELLE BACHELET Sworn in as the President of Chile She becoming the first women in her country
R. CHANDRASHEKAR Took over as the President of Information Technology trade body NASS Commission (National Association of Software and Service Companies)
JANET YELLAN The US Senate has on 6th January Confirmed Janet Yellan as new leader of the Federal Reserve. She is the first woman to lead the central bank in its 100 year History.
SHEIKH HASINA (AWAMI LEAGUE) Sworn in as the PM of Bangladesh for the 3rd time. She defeated Jatiya Party
ARIEL SHARON Israel’s former PM died on 11th January He served as the 11th PM of Israel He was a commander in the Israeli Army from its concern in 1948 Nick name – ‘The Bull Dozer”
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
49 | P a g e
AMAR KANT Noted Hindi Writer – died on 17th Feb
KHUSHWANT SINGH Noted English author and Journalist died on 20th March in New Delhi at the age of 99 Train the Pakistan, I shall not hear the Nightingale, Delhi Penguin books in 2002 published his autobiography. “Truth, Love and a Little Malice” He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1974 but returned it in 1984 to protest the storming of Golden Temple in Amirstar by the Indian Army In 2007, he was awarded the Padma Vibushan the 2nd highest Indian recognition
V.K. MURTHY Dada Sahed Phalke awardee, died on 7th April in Shankarapuram He was famous for his camera work in Guru Dutt’s Classica like ‘Pyaasa and Sahib, Bibi Aur Ghulam. He was the 1st cinematographer to be chosen for the prestigious Dada Saheb Phalke award for 2008. He received the International Indian Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2005 In 1959, he won the Film fare Best cinematographer Award.
BHUTAN KING JIGMA KHESAR NAMGYEL WANG CHUCK Visited India from 6 -10 Jan’ 2014 His second visit in 12 months He was also the chief guest at India’s Republic Day Celebration in January 2013
BAHRAIN’S KHALIFA
KING
HAMAD
SIN
IS
ALI
Visited from 18-20 Feb 2014 Singed 3 agreements to boost bilateral ties between the two countries. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
50 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
SACHIN TENDULKAR 5th most Admired Person in the world Microsoft founder Bill Gates has been named as most admired person on the planet The list of 30 people compiled after a pull in 13 countries, including India. “World’s most admired people poll” was conducted by You Gov for The Times by surveying almost 14,000 people
IN FORTUNE’S MOST POWERFUL BUSINESS WOMEN LIST Pepsico CEO India Nooyi & ICICI Bank Managing Director Chanda Kochhar – among Fortune Magazine’s List of so must powerful women in business Global edition. The list was released on 7th Feb, has been topped by General Motors CEO Mary Barra the first woman to run a global automaker
116 YEAR OLD MISAO OKAWA The Oldest Living Person in the world From Osaka, Japan
JAMIE EDWARDS A 13 year old UK Student has became the youngest person in the world to build a nuclear fusion reactor (on 5th March) A pupil at Pen wortham Prior Academy, in Lancashire created the reactor from scratch with help from his school. He breaking the record of US Student Taylor Wilson, who was 14 when he created nuclear fusion in 2008 He was able to build a reactor which can smash together two hydrogen atoms to make an atom of helium
KOYAL RANA She was crowned as the new Miss India in 51st Femina Miss India 2014 at Mumbai.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
51 | P a g e
PLACES IN NEWS Mg;Nu~d; kiy jpll ; k; Me;jpu khepyj;jpypUe;J 20 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;G jkpofj;Jf;F te;j 13 fhl;L ahidfs; jkpofj;jpNyNa jq;fptpl;ld. ,tw;wpy; xt;nthd;whf mt;tg;NghJ ,we;J tpl;ld. vQ;rpa 2 Fl;bfs; cs;gl 7 ahidfs; nfhz;l $l;lk; rpy Mz;Lfs; jpUtz;zhkiy> tpOg;Guk;> Nryk; jUkGhp> fpU~;zfphp khtl;lq;fspy; Rw;wpj;jphpe;jd. ,e;epiyapy; 6 ahidfisAk; gpbj;J KJkiy tdr; ruzhyak;> Midkiy tdr; ruzhyaj;jpy; tpl jpl;lkplg;gl;lJ. ,JNt ‘Mg;Nu~d; kiy’ jpl;lkhFk;.
gr;rkiy> Kj;Jg;Ngl;il fopKfg;gFjp Rw;Wyhj; jyk;> Rw;Wr;#oy; ikakhfpwJ jpUr;rp khtl;lj;jpYs;s gr;rkiy> jpUth&h; khtl;lj;jpYs;s Kj;Jg;Ngl;il fopKfg;gFjp Mfpaitfis Rw;Wjyhj; jykhf Nkk;gLj;j> jkpof muR KbntLj;Js;sJ.
rPdhtpy; cyfpd; caukhd tpkhd epiyak; rPdhtpd; njd;Nkw;F rpr;Rthd; kfhzj;jpd; jpngj;jpag; gFjpapy; nlsnrq; ahbq; vd;Dkplj;jpy; Rkhh; 4.411kPll ; h; cauj;jpy; ,e;j Mz;L Kbtpy; njhlq;f ,Uf;Fk; rptpy; tpkhd epiyaNk cyfpd; caukhd ,lj;jpy; mikag;ngWk; tpkhd epiyakhf ,Uf;Fk;.
,e;jpahtpy; tpkhd gy;fiyf;fofk; ehl;bNy Kjd;Kjyhf midj;J kfsph; gy;fiyf;fofk; cj;jug;gpuNjr khepyk;> Nugnuypapy; &. 500 Nfhbapy; 12-tJ jpl;lf;fhyj;jpy; (20.12.2017) epWtg;gLfpwJ. KjyhtJ tpkhdf;fiy gy;fiyf;fofk; 12-tJ jpl;lf;fhyj;jpy; (20.12.2017) mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jg; gy;fiyf; foj;Jf;F uh[Pt; fhe;jp Njrpa tpkhdf;fiy gy;fiyf;fofk; vd Kd;dhs; gpujkh; uh[Pt; fhe;jpapd; ngah; #l;lg;gLfpwJ. ,q;F tpkhdpfs;> tpkhd rpg;ge;jpfs;> tpkhd nghwpahsh;fSf;F KOikahd gapw;rp mspf;fg;gLfpwJ.
vOj;jwptpy; Nfusj;ij kpQr ; p jphpGuh rhjid vOj;jwptpy; Nfusj;ij gpd;Df;F js;sp> ehl;bNyNa Kjy; khepykhf jphpGuh cUntLj;J Gjpa rhjid gilj;Js;sJ. fle;j 2001-Mk; Mz;L vLf;fg;gl;l kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd; NghJ vOj;jwptpy; 12tJ ,lj;jpy; jphpGuh ,Ue;jJ. 20112011-k; Mz;L fzf;nfLg;gpd; NghJ 4tJ ,lj;jpypUe;J jphpGuh ,g;nghOJ Kjyplj;ij gpbj;Js;sjhf njhpfpwJ. jphpGuhtpd; vOj;jwpT tpfpjk; 94.65% 94.65 Nfushtpd; vOj;jwpT tpfpjk; 93.91 MFk;. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
52 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
jiyikaplkhf nfhz;l ,e;jpag; Gs;spapay; nfhy;fj;jhit epWtdj;jpd; (I.v];.I) fz;fhzpg;gpy; eilngw;w rh;Ntapy; ,j;jfty;fs; ntspahfpAs;sd. 2011 kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;gpy; fy;tpawptpy; Kjy; 5 fy;tpawptpy; filrpapy; ,lk; gpbj;j khepyk; / cs;s 5 khepyk; / A+dpad; A+dpad; gpuNjrk; gpuNjrk; 1) Nfush 31) Me;jpugpuNjrk; 2) yl;rj;jP jT P 32) [hh;fz;l; 3) kpNrhuk; 33) uh[];jhd; 4) jphpGuh 34) mUzhr;rygpuNjrk; 5) Nfhth 35) gPfhh;
FIRST WILDLIFE SKYWALK OF INDIA TO COME UP IN MAENAM WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, SIKKIM The first wildlife skywalk of India will be coming up in Maenam wildlife sanctuary, Sikkim. The State Government of Sikkim proposed to construct 22 km rope-way from Maenam sanctuary to skywalk which would be built on edge of Bhalleydhunga steep face. This will also have rain shelter as well as public conveniences. Maenam wildlife sanctuary in Sikkim is 65 km south from Gangtok, the capital of the state. It is a popular tourist destination as well.
GOOGLE LAUNCHES 360 DEGREE ONLINE VIEW OF ANGKOR WAT IN CAMBODIA Under street view project The Angkor wat project was developed with the help of the Apsara Authority of the kingdom of Cambodia APSARA National Authority is an Organisation Created for the Protection and Maintenance of Angkor Wat – Largest temple Complex in the world
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
53 | P a g e
TATA HQ BECOMES FIRST HERITAGE BUILDING TO GET GOLD RATING MUMBAI CITY
RANKED
WORLD’S
CHEAPEST
According to the world wide cost of Living Index The intex compiled by the Economist’s Intelligence Unit (EIU) found that Asia was home to many of world’s Cheapest cities. Singapore – topped a list of 131 cities globally to become the world’s most expensive cities to live in 2014 In 2013 – Tokyo, new Tokyo fell to sixth place this year
MALAYSIA AIRLINES FLIGHT “MH CRASHED IN SOUTH INDIA OCEAN.
370”
It disappeared from radar an hour after taking off on 8th March 2014 from Kuala Lampur bound for Beijing Malaysian PM Najib Razak – 24th March 2014 announced that the aircraft crashed in the middle of the South Indian Ocean. (239 People) It was based on news analysis by British Satellite firm Immarsat, which provided satellite data and UK’s Air Accidents Investigation Branch
DELHI RANKED 22ND IN GLOBAL FASHION CAPITAL LIST New york -1st - Survey by Global Paris – 2nd - Language Monitor (GLM) London – 3rd – retuned on 19th Feb 2014 Mumbai – 45th
ODISH’S CHILIKA LAGOON NAMED DESTINATION FLYWAYS BY UNWTO. By UN world Tourism Organisation The lagoon was named so for its sustainable and resilient destination for migratory birds It is the only site to be selected from Asia. And included in a list of eight such sites APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
54 | P a g e
The Destination Fly ways initiative of UNWTO aims at Promotion of Sustainable Tourism
SPORTS & GAMES LONDON OLYMPICS – 2012 Summer Olympic games 2012 inaugurated at Olympic Stadium at the Olympic Park in East London on 27 July 2012. The games, which will conclude on 12 August 2012, will see nearly 10500 athletes from 204 National Olympic Committees participating in as many as 26 sports events. London was selected to host the 30th Summer Olympics on 6 July 2005 after it defeated bids from Moscow, New The York City, Madrid and Paris during the 117th IOC Session in Singapore. London also got a distinction to host the modern Olympic Games three times. The city had previously host the games in 1908 and in 1948. Below are some of the major facts related to London Olympics 2012 100 heads of states were present at the three and a half hour long opening ceremony More than 10000 performers participated in the opening ceremony The opening ceremony was directed by celebrated Hollywood director Danny Boyle Motto of the London Olympics is - Inspire a Generation 10500 athletes from 204 National Olympic Committees participating in as many as 26 sports events India at London Olympics 2012 Champion wrestler and the winner of bronze medal in Beijing Olympics 2008, Sushil Kumar was the official flag bearer of 83-member Indian contingent at the opening ceremony of Olympics. India has sent 83-member team in the London Olympics 2012, which is the highest ever sent by Indian Olympic Association in the Olympics. On August 12, 2012, London bade a flamboyant and madcap farewell to the Olympic Games with a romp through British pop and fashion, bringing the curtain down on more than two weeks of action that ended APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
55 | P a g e
with USA topping the sporting world with 46 gold medals. Many will remember London 2012 for the record-breaking exploits of American swimmer Michael Phelps, who took his life-time medal haul to 22 including 18 golds, making him the most decorated Olympian in history. His tally helped the United States to the top of the Olympic table with 46 golds to second-placed China’s 38, reversing the order of the Beijing Games in 2008 Records: Men Athletic Event 4×100 m relay
Athletics
Country
NestaCarter
Jamaica (JAM)
MichaelFrater YohanBlake Usain Bolt Pole vault
Renaud Lavillenie
France (FRA)
100 metres
Usain Bolt
Jamaica
800 metres
David Rudisha
Kenya (KEN)
20 km walk
Chen Ding
China (CHN)
50 km walk
Sergey Kirdyapkin
Russia (RUS)
Athletics Tiki Gelana Sally Pearson TiannaMadison AllysonFelix BiancaKnight Carmelita Jeter Elena Lashmanova Tatyana Lysenko
Country Ethiopia (ETH) Australia (AUS) United States
Women Athletics: Event Marathon 100 metres hurdles 4×100 m relay
20 km walk Hammer throw
Russia (RUS) Russia (RUS)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
56 | P a g e Medal List 2012: Rank NOC 1 2 3 4 5 55
United States (USA) China (CHN) Great Britain (GBR) Russia (RUS) South Korea (KOR) India (IND)
Gold
Silver
Bronze
Total
46
29
29
104
38
27
23
88
29
17
19
65
24
25
32
81
13
8
7
28
0
2
4
6
History of India in Olympics The first authentic Indian team took part at the 1920 Antwerp Olympic Games in athletics and wrestling. A National Olympic Committee was finally formed in 1927. India's greatest successes at the Olympics have come in men’s hockey. They won every men’s title from 1928 to 1956. In 1960 they reached the final but lost to Pakistan to end the sequence. India were an ever present on the men’s hockey medal podium until 1976 and their last gold medal success in this sport came at the Moscow 1980 Olympic Games. Indian shooters have challenged for medals in the new millennium. Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore won silver in the men’s double trap in Athens 2004. Shooter Abinav Bindra became India’s first individual gold medalist when he won the 10m air rifle at the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. At the 1900 Olympic Games in Paris, Norman Pritchard had won silver medals in the men’s 200m and the now discontinued 200m hurdles. He was the first medal winner born in India but confusion surrounds his nationality as India was then under British rule. India’ Performance in 2012 Olympics: India’s tally of two silver and 4 bronze medals was its best tally in Olympics. 81 athletes from India had competed in 13 sports.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
57 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
Sushil Kumar became the first Indian to get back-to-back Olympic medals. He won silver medal in 66kg Freestyle Wrestling. He had won a bronze medal in the Beijing Olympics. Subedar Vijay Kumar Sharma of 16 Dogra Regiment bagged silver medal in 25m rapid fire pistol event. Yogeshwar Dutt, 2010 CWG gold winner, won India its fourth Bronze medal in 60kg freestyle Wrestling. Five-time world champion MC Mary Kom won a bronze medal in women’s boxing (51 kg) event. Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna (2009), Arjuna Award (2003) and Padamshree (2006) awardee, Mary Kom is the first Indian women boxer to qualify for Olympics. The 29-year-old boxer from Manipur came back from a two-year sabbatical after the birth of her twins to clinch her fourth successive world title in 2008, a feat that got her the sobriquet ‘Magnificent Mary’. Ace marksman Gagan Narang opened India’s account in London Olympics by clinching a bronze medal in the men's 10 meter air. The burly Indian, who narrowly missed the final in Beijing, raised his gun above his head as his many compatriots in the crowd cheered loudly at the country's first medal of the Games. Beijing Games gold medalist Abhinav Bindra, however, could not defend his title and crashed out of the event. Saina Nehwal won women’s singles bronze in badminton when her opponent Wang Xin of China broke down with a knee injury after taking the opening game. Nehwal, ranked fifth in the world, became only the second Indian woman to win a medal in an individual Olympic sport. 22-year-old Irfan from Kerala did not win any medal but produced the best effort by an Indian in an Olympic walking event, finishing 10th in the 20km race, with a national record to boot. In Hockey, India finished last in their group. This was the first time in Olympic history that India lost all their group matches. SITES OF WINTER OLYMPIC GAMES Year Place 1924 Chamonix, France 2010 Vancouver, Canada 2014 held at Sochi in Russia from 7th to 23rd February 2014. India, for the first time, participated in the second Commonwealth games held in London in 1934. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
58 | P a g e
tpzn ; tspapy; Fsphf ; hy xypkg ; pf; N[hjp u~;ahtpy; fUq;fly; flw;fiuNahukhf mike;Js;s Nrhr;rp efhpy; 22 MtJ Fsph;fhy xypk;gpf; Nghl;bfs; tUk; 2014 Mk; Mz;L gpg;uthp 7Mk; Njjp njhlq;fpaJ. ,e;jg; Nghl;bf;fhd xypk;gpf; N[hjp tpz;ntspf;Ff; nfhz;L nry;yg;gl;L tuyhw;Wr; rhjid epfo;jj ; g;gl;Ls;sJ. Mjpfhy xypk;gpf; - fp.K. 776 fpNuf;f ehl;bYs;s xypk;gpahtpy; njhlq;fp fp.gp. 393 tiu eilngw;wd. tpisahlg;gLk; tpisahl;Lfs; - 33.
cNrd; Nghy;l; 2012Mk; jlfs tPuh; I.v.v.vg;
Mz;bd;
rpwe;j
,yz;ld; xypk;gpf;]; 2012y; Mz;fs; jlfs gphptpy; %d;W jq;fg; gjf;fq;fis ntd;w [ikf;fhtpd; cird; Nghy;l; ,t;thz;bd; I.v.v.vg;. (International Amateur-Athletic Federation)-d; Mz;fs; gphptpy; rpwe;j jlfs tPuuhf Njh;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;. ngz;fs; jlfs gphptpy; ,yz;ld; xypk;gpf;fpy; %d;W jq;fg; gjf;fq;fis ntd;w mnkhpf;f jlfs tPuhq;fid miyrhd; ngypf;]; ngz;fSf;fhd rpwe;j jlfs tPuhq;fidahf Njh;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.
2020; pfi ; f elj;Jk; tha;gi ; g 2020-Mk; Mz; Mz;L xypkg ngw;wJ ‘Nlhf;fpNah’ cyfpd; kpf cah;ej ; tpisahl;L jpUtpohthd xypk;gpf; Nghl;b 4 Mz;LfSf;F xUKiw elj;jg;gl;L tUfpwJ. fle;j xypk;gpf; Nghl;b ,q;fpyhe;J jiyefh; yz;ldpy; fle;j Mz;L (2012) ele;jJ. mLj;j xypk;gpf; Nghl;b hpNahb n[dPNuhtpy; gpNurpy; 2016k; Mz;L elf;fpwJ. 2020-Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd 32-tJ xypk;gpf; Nghl;bia ele;j ,];jhd;Gy; (JUf;fp)> khl;hpl; (];ngapd;) Nlhf;fpah ([g;ghd;)> Mfpa efuq;fs; Nghl;bapl;ld vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ
xypkg ; pf; Nghl;bapy; ky;Aj;jk; 2020-Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd xypk;gpf;fpYk; ghuk;ghpa tpisahl;lhd ky;Aj;jk; njhlUfpwJ. ,jw;fhd thf;nfLg;gpy; ];Fth~; tpisahl;il tPoj ; j ; p ,lj;ijj; jf;f itj;Jf;nfhz;lJ. etPd xypk;gpf; njhlq;fg;gl;l 1896-Mk; Mz;by; ,Ue;J (1900-Mk; Mz;il jtpu) ky;Aj;jk; njhlh;eJ ; ,lk; ngw;W te;jJ. ,Jtiu ,e;jpahtpw;F ky;Aj;jj;jpy; 4 gjf;fq;fs; fpilj;Js;sJ. 2020-Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd xypk;gpf; Nghl;bapypUe;J ky;Aj;jj;ij ePfF ; tJ vd;W fle;j gpg;uthp khjk; ele;j rh;tNjr xypk;gpf; fTd;rpy; (I.x.rp) eph;thf FO $l;lj;jpy; mjpubahf KbT vLf;fg;gl;lJ.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
59 | P a g e ky;Aj;jk; : xypk;gpf;fpy; ntw;wp ngw;w ,e;jpah;fs; tUlk;
ngah;
,lk;
gjf;fk;
1952
frhgh jhjh nfy;rpq;fp rhNfg; [hjt;
ntz;fyk;
2008
Rrpy; Fkhh;
gP[q P ;
ntz;fyk;
2012
Rrpy; Fkhh;
yz;ld;
ntz;fyk;
2012
NahNf];th; jj;
yz;ld;
ntz;fyk;
tUq;fhyj;jpy; eilngwTs;s cyff;Nfhg;ig fphpfn ; fl; Nghl;bfspd; ml;ltiz Nfhg;ig Mlth; cyff; Nfhg;ig xU jpdg;Nghl;b kfsph; cyff; Nfhg;ig xUjpdg; Nghl;b Mlth; bb-20 cyff;Nfhg;ig U – 19 Mlth; cyff;Nfhg;ig
Mz;L 2015 2019 2023 2017 2021 2018 2022 2016 2018 2020 2022
,lk; M];jpNuypah> epA+rpyhe;J ,q;fpyhe;J ,e;jpah ,q;fpyhe;J epA+rpyhe;J Nkw;fpe;jpaj; jPTfs; njd;dhg;gphpf;fh tq;fhs Njrk; epArpyhe;J njd;dhg;gphpf;fh Nkw;fpe;jpaj; jPTfs;
cyf nr]; rhg;gpad; ~pg; gl;lk; ntd;whh; fhh;yr ; d; nrd;idapy; eilngw;w cyf nr]; rhk;gpad;~g P ; Nghl;bapy; bapy; cyfpd; Kjy; epiy tPuuhd ehh;Ntapd; Nkf;d]; fhh;yr ; d; rhk;gpad; gl;lk; ntd;whh;. cyf rhk;gpad; gl;lj;ijf; ifg;gw;wpa 2tJ ,sk; tPuh;. 5 Kiw cyf rhk;gpad; gl;lk; ntd;wtuhd Mde;j>; jdJ nrhe;j Chpy; eilngw;w nr]; Nghl;bapy; mjph;rr ; p Njhy;tp fz;Ls;shh;. nkhj;j ghpj;njhif &. 14 NfhbahFk;. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
60 | P a g e
cyf Nfhg;ig Jg;ghf;fp RLjy; Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpa tPuhq;fid `Pdh rpjJ ; jq;fk; ntd;W rhjid cyf Nfhg;ig Jg;ghf;fp RLjy; Nghl;b n[h;kdpapd; Kdpr; efhpy; ele;jJ. ,jpy; ngz;fSf;fhd 10 kPll ; h; Vh; gp];ly; Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpa tPuhq;fid `Pdh rpj;J jq;fg;gjf;fj;ij ntd;whh;. ,jd; %yk; cyf Nfhg;ig gp];ly; Nghl;bapy; jq;fk; ntd;w Kjy; ,e;jpa tPuhq;fid mQ;ryp gf;thj; (2002)> ,e;jpa tPuh; Rfd;euq; (2008) MfpNahh iugps; gphptpy; jq;fg;gjf;fk; ntd;Ws;sdh;.
2014y; gpNurpypy; cyf Nfhg;igf; fhy;ge;J Nghl;b: milahs rpdd ; k; gpypNgh (Fulleco) gpNurpy; ehl;by; eilngw;w 2014Mk; Mz;L gp/gh cyff; fhy;ge;J Nghl;bf;fhd milahs rpd;dk; (Mascot) (Fulleco) vd ngahplg;gl;Ls;sJ.
GRAND SLAM TENNIS fpuhz;l] ; y ; hk; nld;dp]; Nghl;bfs; ehd;F tifg;gLk; M];jpNuypah Xgd; Gy;jiuapy; eilngWk; gpnuQ;R Xgd; fspkz; jiuapy; eilngWk; tpk;gps;ld; Gy; jiuapy; eilngWk; A.v];.Xgd; nraw;ifahf cUthf;fg;gl;l jiuapy; eilngWk; ,t;thW ehd;F eilngWfpwJ.
tifahd
nld;dp];
Nghl;bfs;
Mz;LNjhWk;
AUSTRALIAN OPEN – 2014 WINNER
EVENT Men's Singles
Stanislas Wawrinka
Women's Singles
Li Na
Mixed Doubles
Kristina Mladenovic / Daniel Nestor
Men's Doubles
Łukasz Kubot Robert Lindstedt
Women’s Doubles
Sara Errani / Roberta Vinci
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
61 | P a g e
M];jpNuypah Xgd; 2014 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
M];jpNuypah Xgd; - 2014 ntw;wpahsh;fs; s Mz;fs; xw;iwah; ];lhdp];y]; tht;hpd;fh (Rtpl;rh;yhe;J) ngz;fs; xw;iwah; yPeh (rPdh) Kjy; Kiw ngWfpwhh;. fyg;G ,ul;ilah; fpwp];bdh khy;b Nehtpf; (gpuhd;]); Nldpay;ne];lh; (fdlh) Mz;fs; ,ul;ilah; Yfh]; $ghl; (Nghye;J) uhgh;l; ypd;]N ; rl; (];tl P d;) kfsph; ,ul;ilah; rhuh vuhdp (,j;jhyp) uhgh; Nlhtpd;rp (,j;jhyp)
AUSTRALIAN OPEN – 2013 EVENT
WINNER
Men's Singles
Novak Djokovic
Women's Singles
Victoria Azarenka
Mixed Doubles
Jarmila Gajdošová / Matthew Ebden
Men's Doubles
Bob Bryan / Mike Bryan
Women’s Doubles
Sara Errani / Roberta Vinci
2014 FRENCH OPEN EVENT
WINNER
Men's Singles
Rafael Nadal
Women's Singles
Maria Sharapova
Mixed Doubles
Anna-Lena Grönefeld / Jean-Julien Rojer
Men's Doubles
Julien Benneteau /
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
62 | P a g e Édouard Roger-Vasselin Women’s Doubles
Hsieh Su-wei / Peng Shuai
2013 FRENCH OPEN EVENT
WINNER
Men's Singles
Rafael Nadal
Women's Singles
Serena Williams
Mixed Doubles
Lucie Hradecká / František Čermáks
Men's Doubles
Bob Bryan / Mike Bryan
Women’s Doubles
Ekaterina Makarova / Elena Vesnina
2014 WIMBLEDON CHAMPIONSHIPS EVENT
WINNER
Men's Singles
Novak Djokovic
Women's Singles
Petra Kvitová
Mixed Doubles
Nenad Zimonjić / Samantha Stosur
Men's Doubles
Vasek Pospisil / Jack Sock
Women’s Doubles
Sara Errani / Roberta Vinci
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
63 | P a g e
2013 US OPEN (TENNIS) EVENT
WINNER
Men's Singles
Rafael Nadal
Women's Singles
Serena Williams
Mixed Doubles
Andrea Hlaváčková / Max Mirnyi
Men's Doubles
Leander Paes / Radek Štepánek
Women’s Doubles
Andrea Hlaváčková / Lucie Hradecká
VIJAY AMRITRAJ HONOURED COMMITMENT AWARD
WITH
DAVIS
CUP
JOSHNA CHINAPPA WON WINNIPEG OPEN TITLE
DEEPIKA KUMARI NAMED ‘SPORTSPERSON OF THE YEAR’
FICCI
MS DHONI WON UNITED KINGDOM’S 2014 ASIAN AWARD SRILANKA WON ICC TWENTY20 WORLD CUP – 2014
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
64 | P a g e
ghh;Kyh - 1 fhh;ge;jak; nrgh];bad; ntl;ly; Kjyplk; Kjyplk;
ghh;Kyh 1 fhh; ge;jak; nkhj;jk; 19 Rw;Wfis nfhz;ljhFk;. ,jd; 19tJ Rw;whd nfhhpad; fpuhz;lg ; phP ge;jak; mq;Fs;s Nghd;fhkpy; ele;jJ. ,g;Nghl;bapy; n[h;kdp tPuUk;> elg;G rhk;gpaDkhd nrgh];bad; ntl;ly; Kjyplk; ngw;whh;.
cyf tpyt ; pji ; j Nghl;bapy; ntd;w ,e;jpa kfsph;
rhk;gpad;
gl;lk;
Nghye;jpy; eilngw;w cyf Nfhg;ig (epiy – 4) tpy;tpj;ijg; Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpa kfsph; jPgpfh Fkhhp> gk;gahyh Njtp> hpkpy; GHpA+yp MfpNahh; mlq;fpa ,e;jpa mzp jq;fk; ntd;wJ. cyf Nfhg;igia ,Wjp Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpa mzp nfhhpahit tPoj ; j ; p njhlh;eJ ; 2-tJ Kiwahf jq;fk; ntd;wJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
ANJU BOBBY GEORGE DECLARED WORLD ATHLETICS GOLD MEDALLIST FOR 2005 Long jumper – became the 1st Indian track and field athlete to win a gold medal in a major world event after (IAAF) up graded her 2nd place finish at the 2005 Monaco world Athletics Championships final to the top sport Dope Violation by a Russian Competitors Tatyana Kotava Helsinki world championship – 2005 – 4th place
NETHERLANDS WON HOCKEY WORLD LEAGUE 2014 Defeating Newzealand by 7-2 in New Delhi – 1st ever HWL Beligium – 5th, India – 6th
SOUTH AFRICA WON ICC UNDER 19 WORLD CUP 2014 Defeated Pakistan by six wickets At Dubai South Africa bowler Corbin Borsch – Man of the Match South Africa captain Aidenmarkram – Player of the tournament Next ICC under 19 Cricket world cup will be played in 2016 in Bangladesh APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
65 | P a g e
ARVIND BHAT WON GERMAN OPEN TITLE Shuttlur – defeater Hans-Kristian Viltinghus of Denmark At Mullheim an der Ruhr, Germany He became only the 2nd Indian Shuttlur to win a GP Gold title outside India Indian Chief National Coach Pallela Gopichand had reached the final way back in 1999
SOUTH AFRICA CAPTAIN GRAEME SMITH ANNOUNCED RETIREMENT Longest Serving captain for South Africa 117 tests – 109 captain Allan Border of Australia – Previous record
PANKAJ ADVANI WON NATIONAL SNOOKER TITLE SRILANKA WON ASIA CUP 2014 Defeated Pakistan by 5 wickets
MIZORAM WON SANTOSH TROPHY 2014 68th edition – National Foot ball Championship
KARNATAKA WON VIJAY HAZARE TROPHY 2014 Defeated Railways – Eden garden, Calcutta
MUMBAI INDIAN WON 2013 IPL TITLE Man of the match Most Valuable player Orange cap Purple cap Youngest Player Fair play award
-
Kieron Polload (Mumbai) Shane Watson (Rajasthan) Michael Hussey (Chennai) Dwayne Bravo (Chennai) 32 Wickets Sanju Samson (Rajasthan) Chennai
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
66 | P a g e Best Catch of the Season
-
Gurkeerat maan Singh (Kings eleven Punjab)
LAUREUS WORLD SPORTS AWARDS (2013) World sportsmen of the year World sportswomen of the year World Team of the year World Break through of the year World Comeback of the year World Action sportsman of the year World sportsperson of the year with a Disability
-
Usain Bolt Jessica Ennis European Ryder cup team Andy Murray Feliz Sanchez
-
Feliz Baungartener
-
Daniel Dias
FOOTBALL LIONEL MESSI 1st four time winner of the FIFA player of the year World record with 91 goals last year (292) for Barcelona & Argentina Before Gerd Mueller’s – 85 goals for Bayern Munich & Germany in 1971
BOOKS & AUTHORS S.NO
BOOK
AUTHOR
1.
Olympics : The India Story
2. 3.
Sania Nehwal: An Biography M. F. Husain: A pictorial Tribute
4.
Barack Obama : The Making of the Man David Maraniss
5.
The Better Angels of Our nature
Boria Majumdar, Nalin Mehta inspirational T. s. Sudhir Pradeep Chandra
Steven Pinker
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
67 | P a g e 6.
Steve Jobs
7.
The lady and the Peacock: The Life of Peter Popham Aung San Suu Kyi
8.
Bring up the bodies
Hilary man
9.
Sachin: a hundred hundreds now
V. Krishnaswamy
10.
The Rivered Earth
Vikram Seth
11.
Anna: 13 days the awakened India
Ashutosh
12. 13.
Pax Indica Last Man in Tower
Shashi Tharoor Aravind Adinga
14.
Joseph Anton: A memoir
Salman Rushdie
15.
What young India wants
Chetan Bhagat
16.
Big Egos Small Men
Ram Jethmalani
17.
Nehru – Invention of India
Sashi Tharoor
18. 19.
Present Tense – Living on the Edge Still Counting the Dead (jkpopy; jkpopy;)
Namita Gokhale gpuhd;]p]; `huprd;
20.
Yuvi
kf;fhud;l; nta;dr ; q;fu;
21.
Economic Policies and India’s Reform xa;.tp.nul;b Agenda – New Thinking Atuh[; rpq; The test of my life
22.
Walter Isaacson
24.
Walking with lions, Tales from a Nf.el;th;rpq; Diplomatic Past mUe;jjpuha; Broken Republic
25.
My share of the Task: A Memoir
23.
General Stanley McChrystal (Former American
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
68 | P a g e
26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.
34. 35.
www.tnschools.co.in
Commander in Afghanistan) “Khushwantnama: The lessons of my Kushwant Singh life” Religion, Law, Society – Across the Prof. Tahir Mohamood Globe Understanding Bhagat Singh Prof. Chamanlal Pascal Alan Nazareth Gandhi’s Outstanding Leadership Darel- E- Dil Likhun Kab Tak (In Urdu Rukhsar Amrohvi & Hindu) Ambedkar speaks Dr. Narendra Jadhav 1857 – 1947: Forgotten Heros and Journalist Shivnath Jha Martyrs of India’s Freedom Movement Disterssing Encarnets – Real lif stories M.K. Lokesh (Indian Ambassador of the UAE) Dreze and An Uncertain Glory: India and its Jean AMrathya Sen Contradictions The Monk as man Bengal writer Shankar (Book on Vivekananda)
NkhpNfhk;
vOjpa “md;gpNuf;fgps”; (Unbreakable) Rarhpij Gj;jfk;: kzpg;G+h; khepyj;ijr; rhh;ej ; NkhpNfhk; Ie;J Kiw cyf Fj;Jr;rz;il rhk;gpad; gl;lk; ntd;wth;. 51 fpNyh gphptpy yz;ld; xypk;gpf;fpy; ntz;fy gjf;fk; ntd;w Kjy; ,e;jpag; ngz; ,tNu. 2003 mh;[{dh tpUJ 2009 uh[Ptf ; he;jp Nfy; uj;dh tpUJ 2006 gj;k= tpUJ 2013 gj;kG+~d; Mfpa tpUJfisg; ngw;Ws;shh;. 2009 rh;tNjr Fj;Jr;rz;il rq;fj;jpd; J}juhf epakpf;fg;gl;lhh;.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
69 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
AWARDS & HONOURS NOBEL PRIZES The will of the Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel established the prizes in 1895. The prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace were first awarded in 1901. The related Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was created in 1968.Between 1901 and 2012, the Nobel Prizes and the Prize in Economic Sciences were awarded 555 times to 863 people and organizations. With some receiving the Nobel Prize more than once, this makes a total of 835 individuals and 21 organizations.
2012 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012 Serge Haroche and David J. Wineland "for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems" The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012 Robert J. Lefkowitz and Brian K. Kobilka "for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors" The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012 Sir John B. Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka "for the discovery that mature cells reprogrammed to become pluripotent"
can
be
The Nobel Prize in Literature 2012 Mo Yan "who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary" The Nobel Peace Prize 2012 European Union (EU) "for over six decades contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe" APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
70 | P a g e
The Prize in Economic Sciences 2012 Alvin E. Roth and Lloyd S. Shapley "for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design"
NOBEL PRIZE – 2013 The Nobel Winner Prize in Physics François Englert Peter Higgs
Chemistry
Physiology or Medicine
Literature Peace
The Sveriges
for "for the theoretical discovery of a and mechanism that contributes to our W. understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider"
Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt and Arieh Warshel James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman and Thomas C. Südhof Alice Munro
"for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems"
"for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic, a major transport system in our cells"
"master of the contemporary short story" Organisation "for its extensive efforts to eliminate for the chemical weapons" Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) "for their empirical analysis of asset Eugene F. prices"
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
71 | P a g e Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2013
Fama, Lars Peter Hansen and Robert J. Shiller
NOBEL LAUREATES OF INDIA Year
Laureates
Subject
1902
Ronald Ross
Medicine
1907 1913 1930
Rudyard Kipling Rabindranath Tagore C.V. Raman
Literature
Citizen of India
Physics
Citizen of India Foreign citizens of Indian origin
Har Gobind Medicine Khorana
1979
Mother Teresa
1998 2001 2009
Foreign citizens born in India Foreign citizens born in India
Literature
1968
1983
Origin
Peace
Subrahmanyan Physics Chandrasekhar Economic Amartya Sen Sciences V.S.Naipaul Literature Venkatraman Chemistry Ramakrishnan
Foreign born India Indian-born citizen
citizen
of
American
Citizen of India Indian born UK citizen Indian born American Citizen
PULITZER PRIZE Awarded for Country Presented by First awarded
Excellence in newspaper journalism, literary achievements, and musical composition United States Columbia University 1917
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
72 | P a g e
Indian origin people who won Pulitzer Prize Gobind Behari Lal a journalist and independence activist. He shared the Pulitzer Prize in 1937 Jhumpa Lahiri - She won Pulitzer Prize in 2000 for her debut short story collection “Interpreter of Maldies”. Geeta Anand - She has written a book on medical investigation titled “The Cure” which has been made into successful film “Extraordinary Measures”. Siddhartha Mukherjee - “The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer” which led him to win Pulitzer Prize in 2011 in the general non-fiction category. Vijay Seshadri On 14th April 2014, Pulitzer Prize committee awarded his collection of poems “3 Sections” with Pulitzer Prize.
Gypl;rh; tpUJ ngw;w mnkhpf;f tho; ,e;jpah; 2014Mk; mz;bw;fhd ftpij gphpTf;fhd Gypl;rh; tpUJ mnkhpf;f tho; ,e;jpauhd tp[a; NrÑhj;jphpf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e;j Mz;L ftpij gphpTf;fhd tpUJ mnkhpf;f tho; ,e;jpauhd tp[a; NrÑhj;jphp vOjpa “3 nrf;~d;]”; (3 Sections) vd;w ftpij E}Yf;F toq;fg;gl;lJ. cyfstpy; fiy ,yf;fpaj; Jiwfspy; rpwe;J tpsq;Fgth;fsf;F toq;fg;gLk; Gypl;rh; ghpirg; ngWk; 5 MtJ ,e;jpah; tp[a; NrÑhj;jphp vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
MAN BOOKER INTERNATIONAL PRIZE Awarded for Country Presented by Reward First awarded Award winners Year Name 2005 Ismail Kadare 2013 Lydia Davis
Best English (or available for translation into English) fiction United Kingdom Man Group £50,000 2005 The inaugural winner was Albanian writer Ismail Kadare. Country Language Albania Albanian United States English
Literary tradition Albanian literature American literature
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
73 | P a g e
TEMPLETON PRIZE Awarded for Country Presented by First awarded YEAR 2012
2013
2014
Outstanding contributions in affirming life's spiritual dimension, whether through insight, discovery, or practical works. United States Templeton Foundation 1973 LAUREATE
NOTES Spiritual leader of His Holiness the 14th Dalai Tibetan Buddhism, and Lama, Tenzin Gyatso 1989 Nobel Peace Prize laureate Nobel laureate, social The Most Rev. Desmond rights activist and Tutu retired Anglican archbishop Roman Catholic priest, Tomáš Halík theologian, sociologist
2013Mk; Mz;L rf;jp Gu];fhh; tpUJ ngz;fspd; Nritfs; kw;Wk; ngz;fspd; ijhpaj;ijg; ghuhl;b toq;fg;gLk; rf;jp Gu];fhh; tpUij khh;r; 8> 2014 kfsph; jpdj;jpy; ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp gpuzhg; Kfh;[p toq;fpdhh;. rf;jp Gu];fhh; tpUJ rf;jp Gu];fhh; tpUJ MW gphpTfshf toq;fg;gLfpwJ. Rje;jpug; Nghuhl;lq;fspYk;> r%f tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gLj;jpa ngz;fspd; epidthf uhzp yl;Rkpgha; tpUJ> Rani Gaidinliu Zeliang tpUJ> uhzp Uj;jpuhkh Njtp tpUJ> khjh [h[hgha; tpUJ> fz;zfp tpUJ> Njtp mfpy;ahgha; N`hy;fh; tpUJ vd;W MW rf;jp Gu];fh; tpUJfis toq;fpaJ. rf;jp Gu];fhh; tpUJ 1991 Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpa murhy; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. xt;nthU Mz;Lk; khh;r; 8-kfsph; jpdj;jpy; ngz;fis nfsutg;gLj;j ,t;tpUJ toq;fg;gLfpwJ. 2013k; Mz;L tpUJ ngw;wth;fs;: lhf;lh; th;jj ; pfh ee;jh (GJjpy;yp) nry;tp kdhrp gpuhjd; (xbrh) nry;tp. gpdhNrj; y];fhhp (Kk;ig) b. uhjh> Nf. g ; purhe;jp> (Me;jpuh) lhf;lh; rPkh r`hNu (Kk;ig) APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
74 | P a g e
[dhjpgjpapd; nrk;nkhop jkpot ; pUJfs; mwptpgG ; [dhjpgjpapd; nrk;nkhop jkpo; tpUJfs; mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. kj;jpa murpd; kdpjts Nkk;ghl;Lj;Jiwapd; fPo; ,aq;fptUk; nrk;nkhop jkpoha;T epWtdj;jhy; ,t;tpUJfs; toq;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j epWtdk; Mz;LNjhWk; nrk;nkhopj; jkpo; tsh;rr ; papy; 2010–11 Mfpa 2 Mz;LfSf;fhd tpUJ mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mz;L
tpUJ ngWNthh;
2009 - 10 Iuhtjk; kfhNjtd;> may;ehl;L mwpQh; xUtUf;Fk; nrf; Fbauir Nrh;ej ; INuh];yht; Nrf;fpw;Fk; b.RNu~;> v];. fy;gdh> Mh;. re;jpuNrfud; thzp mwpthsd; rp. Kj;jkpo;r; nry;td; 2010-11 jkpoz;zy; nghpa fUg;gDf;Fk; may;ehl;L jkpo; mwpQH; xUtUf;Fk; ,q;fpyhe;ij Nrh;ej ; [hd; uhy;]l ; d;khUf;Fk; b. rq;ifah V. n[ak;Fkhh; V. kzp rp. rpjk;guk; Nf. Re;ju ghz;bad;
tpUjpd; ngah; njhy;fhg;gpah; tpUJ Fws;gl P tpUJ ,sk; mwpQh; tpUJ njhy;fhg;gpah; tpUJ Fws; gPl tpUJ ,sk; mwpQh; tpUJfs;
gq;fh; uha;> kyhyhTf; ; h tpUJ kyhyhTf;F mnkhpff ,e;jpahtpd; Rw;Wr;#oy; Mh;tyh; gq;fh;uha;> ghfp];jhdpy; ngz; fy;tpf;fhfg; Nghuhb tUk; kyhyh Mfpa ,Uthpd; Nritfisg; ghuhl;b mnkhpf;fhtpd; cahpa tpUjhd “rh; rh;tNjr Fbkfd;fSf;fhd fpspq;ld; tpUJ”f; ; jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;. tpUJ f;F Njh;en fpuhkg;Gwq;fspy; epytp te;j jz;zhP ; kw;Wk; kpd;rhu gpur;rpidf;F jPhT ; fz;L gpbj;jjw;fhf gq;fh; uha; ,e;j tpUJf;F Njh;T nra;agl;Ls;shh;. rphpahtpypUe;J mfjpfshf ntspNaw;wg;gl;l kf;fs; nygdhd; ehl;by; jq;f itf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;. mth;fsJ Foe;ijfs; Rkhh; 4 yl;rk; Ngh; fy;tpawpT fpilf;fhky; jtpj;J tUfpd;wdh;. mJ Fwpj;J tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gLj;j kyhyhTf;F miog;G tpLf;fg;gl;lJ. ,g;NghJ> mq;F nrd;W tpopg;Gzh;Tk; gpur;rhuj;ij kyhyh Jtq;fpAs;shh; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
75 | P a g e
2013 2013 - I.eh. kdpj chpik tpUJ kdpj chpikfisg; Ngz rpwg;ghf gzpahw;Wk; egh;fSf;F ,t;tpUJ toq;fg;gLfpwJ. ,t;tpUJ 5 Mz;LfSf;F xUKiw toq;fg;gLfpwJ. ,jw;F Kd;dh; mnkhpf;f Kd;dhs; mjpgh; [pk;kp fhh;lh; (1998)> khh;lb ; d; Y}jh;fpq; (1978)> njd; Mg;gphpf;f Kd;dhs; mjpgh; ney;rd; kz;Nlyh (1988)> vypNdh &];nty;l; (1968) cs;spl;Nlhh; I.eh.kdpj chpikfs; tpUijg ngw;Ws;sdh; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. ngz; fy;tp Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;fhf gpur;rhuk; nra;JtUk; ghfp];jhd; ,sk; ngz; kyhyh A+#g; rhapf;F 2013Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd I.eh. kdpj chpikfs; tpUJ toq;fp fTutpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
2013 RAMON MAGSAYSAY AWARD The Ramon Magsaysay Award is an annual award established in 1957 by the trustees of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund based in NewYork City with the concurrence of the Philippine government. The Ramon Magsaysay Award is Asia’s highest honor and is widely regarded as the region’s equivalent of the Nobel Prize. It celebrates the memory and leadership example of the third Philippine president, and is given every year to individuals or organizations in Asia who manifest the same sense of selfless service that ruled the life of the late and beloved Filipino leader. The first Ramon Magsaysay Awards were given on August 31, 1958 to five outstanding individuals working in India, Indonesia, Philippines, Republic of China (Taiwan) and Sri Lanka, and a Philippine-based organization. Presentation Ceremonies are held annually in Manila on 31 August, the birth anniversary of the late President. Magsaysay awardees Year
2012 2013 2013
Recipient
Nationality or Base Country
Peace and International Understanding (PIU) Ambrosius Ruwindrijarto Indonesia Ernesto Domingo Philippines Corruption Eradication Indonesia Commission Uncategorized
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
76 | P a g e 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2013 2013 2013
Chen Shu-chu Kulandei Francis Yang Saing Koma Syeda Rizwana Hasan Romulo Davide Habiba Sarobi Lahpai Seng Raw Shakti Samuha
Taiwan India Cambodia Bangladesh Philippines Afghanistan Myanmar Nepal
,isauh[hTf;F rq;fj P ehlf mfhlkp tpUJ 2012 Mz;Lf;fhd rq;fj P ehlf mfhlkp tpUJ ,iraikg;ghsh; ,isauh[h cs;gl 36 NgUf;F toq;fg;gl;L cs;sJ. ,ir> ehl;bak;> ehlfk;> nghk;kyhl;lk; Mfpa fiyj;Jiwfspy; rpwe;J tpsq;Fk; fiyQh;fSf;F Mz;LNjhWk; rq;fj P ehlf mfhlkp tpUJfs; kw;Wk; rq;fj P ehlf mfhlkp rpwg;G tpUJfs; (ngy;Nyh~pg;) toq;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j tpUJf;F Njh;eJ ; vLf;fg;gl;lth;fspd; gl;baypy; ,e;J];jhdp ghlfh;fs; uh[Nrfh; kd;#h;> m[a; Nghfd;fhh;> fh;ehlf ,irg;ghlfh; X.v];. jpahfuh[d;> ik#h; vk;. ehfuh[h (taypd;)> Nf.tp gpurhj; (kpUjq;fk;) gphpajh;rpdp Nfhtpe;j; (guj ehl;bak;) MfpNahUk; ,lk; ngw;w ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. rq;fj P ehlf mfhlkp rpwg;G tpUJf;F gpugy flk; tpj;thd; b.vr;. tpehaf;uhk;> taypd; ,irf;fiyQh; vd;. uh[k;> uj;jd; jpahk; cs;gl 40 fiyQh;fs; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;L ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;.
iyg; Mg; ig jpiug;glk; 4 M];fhh; tpUJfs; ngw;wJ. mit: 1. rpwe;j ,af;Feh; : Mq;yP (Ang Lee) 2. rpwe;j jpiu tz;zq;fs; (Visual effect): gpy;nt];ld; Nfhgh; 3. rpwe;j xspg;gjpT (Best Cinemotagraphy): fpshbNah kpuhz;Nlh (Cladio Miranda) Nldpay; NlyPtp]; (Daniel Day – Lawis) ,Jtiu ,th; %d;W Kiw rpwe;j ebfUf;fhd M];fh; tpUij ngw;Ws;shh;. (1989> 2007> 2012) Mz;LfSf;F) xd;wpw;F Nkw;gl;l tpUJfis ngw;w glq;fs; iyg; Mg; ig (Life of Pi) : 4 tpUJfs; mh;Nf (Argo) : 3 tpUJfs; ny]; kpnrugps;]; (Less Miserabies) : 3 tpUJfs; brd;Nfh md; nrapd;L : 2 tpUJfs; ypq;fd; (Lincon) : 2 tpUJfs; : 2 tpUJfs; ];ifghy; (Sky Ball APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
77 | P a g e
ABEL PRIZE Awarded for Country Presented by First awarded
Outstanding scientific work in the field of mathematics Norway King of Norway 2003
Belgian – born pierre deligne has won one million dollar abel prize in mathematics for his contributions to algebraic geomentry and their transformative impact on number theory, representation theory and related fields on march 20, 2013 mngy; ghpR – 2013 fzpjj; Jiwapy; rpwe;J tpsq;Fk; mwpQHfis nfsutpj;J toq;fg;gLk; tpUNj mngy; ghpR MFk;. fzpjj;Jiwapd; Nehgy; ghpR vd;W ngUikAld; miof;fg;gLk; ,g;ghpR 2013,y; ngy;[pak; ehl;ilr; Nrh;ej ; gpahh; biyd; (Pierre Deligne) mth;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;lJ. fle;j %d;whz;Lfspy; ,t;tpUijg; ngw;w fzpj Nkijfspd; gl;bay; YEAR
LAUREATES CITEZENSHIP
CITATION "for seminal contributions to algebraic geometry and for their transformative Belgian impact on number theory, representation theory, and related fields" "for his fundamental G. contributions to dynamical Russian/American systems, ergodic theory, and mathematical physics"
2013
Pierre Deligne
2014
Yakov Sinai
2003,y; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l ,t;tpUijg; ngw;w Kjy; egh; [Pd; gpahh;rh; (gpuhd;]); . mngy; ghpirg; ngw;Ws;s xNu ,e;jpah; v];.Mh;. =epthr tujd; (2007)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
78 | P a g e
NjhdpfF ; rpwe;j tPuUf;fhd Mrpa tpUJ I.rp.rp. cyff;Nfhg;ig ,UgJf;F ,UgJ fphpf;nfl; Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpa mzp ,Wjpg; Nghl;bf;F Eioe;jjd; fhuzkhfTk;> ,e;jpa mzpapd; rhjidfSf;Ff; fhuzkhf ,Ue;jjw;fhfTk; mzpapd; jiyth kNfe;jpurpq; Njhdpf;F 2014Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd Mrpad; mTl;]l ; hz;bq; mr;rt P n ; kz;l; tpUJ toq;fg;gl;lJ.
DADASAHEB PHALKE AWARD Type Category Description Instituted First awarded Last awarded Total awarded Awarded by Cash award Medal First awardee(s) Recent awardee(s)
National Indian Cinema Lifetime Achievement Award 1969 1969 2013 45 Directorate of Film Festivals 1,000,000 (US$17,000) Swarna Kamal (Golden Lotus) Devika Rani Gulzar (2013)
From Tamil Nadu • Sivaji Ganesan - 1996 • K.Balachander - 2011
jhjh rhnfg; ghy;Nf tpUJf;F ghlyhrphpah; Fy;rhh; Njh;T ,e;jpahtpd; cahpa tpUJfspy; xd;whff; fUjg;gLk; jhjhrhNfg; ghy;Nf tpUJf;F ghlyhrphpah; Fy;rhh; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;. 2013 Mk; Mz;Lf;fhf jhjhrhNfg; ghy;Nf tpUJ ,e;jp ghlyhrphpaUk;> jpiug;gl ,af;FeUkhd Fy;rhUf;F toq;fg;gLfpwJ. 79 tajhd Fy;rhh; kpfr;rpwe;j ,e;jp ghly;fis vOjpAs;shh;. ,th; ,e;jp jpiug;glq;fisAk; ,af;fpAs;shh;. Fy;rhh; 2004 Mk; Mz;L rhfpj;a mfhlkp tpUJ> gj;k G+~d; tpUJ kw;Wk; gy;NtW Njrpaj; jpiug;gl tpUJfs; gpypk;Ngh; tpUJ Mfpait ngw;Ws;shh;. Kjd; Kjypy; Njtpfh uhzp 1969 tpUJngw;wth; ebif.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
79 | P a g e
INDIA’S INTERNATIONAL PEACE PRIZE GANDHI PEACE PRIZE Category First awarded Total awarded Awarded by Cash award First awardee(s) Last awardee(s)
International 1995 13 Government of India Rs. 10 million Julius Nyerere (1995) Chandi Prasad Bhatt (2013)
INDIRA GANDHI PRIZE Awarded for Location First awarded
Outstanding contributions in peace New Delhi 1986
,t;tpUJ toq;fg;gLk; Jiwfs; mwptpay; (science) fyhr;rhuk; (Culture) fy;tp (Education) ,yf;fpak; (Literature) r%fNrit (Social Service) gj;jphpf;if (Journalism) rl;lk; (Law) kw;Wk; nghJtho;fi ; fapy; rpwe;J tpsq;Fgth;fSf;F (Public Works) ,t;tpUJ toq;fg;gLk;. Ie;J yl;rk; ghpRnjhif toq;fg;gLk;.
Year 1986 2013
Recipient Parliamentarians for Global Action Angela Merkel
State/ Organization
Germany
Description International Organisation of Parliamentarians Chancellor of Germany
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
80 | P a g e
‘VQ;ryh tpUJ:
nkh;fy;-f;F
,e;jpuh
fhe;jp
mikjp mikjp
2013 Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd ,e;jpuhfhe;jp mikjp tpUJf;F n[h;kd; gpujkh; VQ;ryh nkh;fy; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;. gpujkh; kd;Nkhfd; rpq; jiyikapyhf rh;tNjr mstpyhd eLth;fs; nfhz;l FO> nkh;fiy ,e;j Mz;Lf;fhd ,e;jpuh fhe;jp mikjp tpUJf;Fj; Njh;T nra;Js;sJ. rh;tNjr epjp neUf;fbapd; NghJ> INuhg;gpa gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; mtuJ jiyik rpwg;ghf ,Ue;jikf;fhfTk;> n[h;kd; ehl;bd; nghUshjhu Nkk;ghl;bw;F mth; Vw;W elj;jpa rpwg;ghd jiyikf;fhfTk; ,e;j tpUJ toq;fg;gLtjhf Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sJ eLth; FO. n[h;kd; ehl;bd; Kjy; ngz; gpujkh “VQ;ryh nkh;fy;” vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
2828-tJ ,e;jpuh xUikg;ghl;L tpUJf;F vk;.v];. Rthkpehjd; jkpo;ehl;il Nrh;ej ; tpQ;Qhdp vk;.v];. Rthkpehjd; ngahpy; nrd;idapy; nghpa mstpy; Ntshz;ik Muha;rr ; p epiyak; nray;gl;L tUfpwJ. vw;fdNt ,th; cyf czT tpUJ cs;gl Vuhskhd tpUJfs; ngw;wth;. jw;NghJ tpQ;Qhdp vk;.v];. Rthkpehjd; 2012k; Mz;Lf;fhd 28-tJ ,e;jpuhfhe;jp epidT Njrpa xUikg;ghl;L tpUJf;fhf Njh;en ; jLf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;. ,t;tpUJngw;w gpugykhdth;fs; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
mUzh Mrg; myp gp.vd;. `hf;lh; vk;.v];. Rg;Gyl;Rkp v.gp.N[. mg;Jy;fyhk; rq;fh; jahs; rh;kh uh[Pt; fhe;jp vk;.v];. Rthkp ehjd;
1987 1990 1990 1997 1997 ,we;j gpwF 1993 ,we;j gpwF 2012
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU AWARD Type Category First awarded Total awarded Awarded by Cash award First awardee(s)
Civilian International 1965 36 Government of India 2.5 million U Thant
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
81 | P a g e
Recipients Year 1965 1969 1984 1991 2009
Recipient
Country
U Thant Mother Teresa Indira Gandhi (posthumous) Aruna Asaf Ali Angela Merkel
Burma India India India Germany
BHARAT RATNA Civilian National An image of the Sun along with the words "Bharat Description Ratna", inscribed in Devanagari script, on a peepul leaf Instituted 1954 First awarded 1954 Last awarded 2013 Total awarded 43 Awarded by Government of India • C. Rajagopalachari First awardee(s) • Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan • C. V. Raman • C. N. R. Rao (2013) Recent awardee(s) • Sachin Tendulkar (2013) Bharat Ratna Award Recipients from Tamil Nadu C.V.Raman, Tamilnadu Scientist (1954) C Rajagopalachari, Tamilnadu Politician (1954) S. Radhakrishnan, Tamilnadu Politician (1954) K.Kamaraj, Tamilnadu Politician (1976) M.G.Ramachandran, Tamil Actor and Tamilnadu Politician (1988) A.P.J.Abdul Kalam, Tamilnadu Scientist and Former President of India (1997) C.Subramaniam, Tamilnadu Politician (1998) M.S.Subbulakshmi, Tamilnadu Carnatic Singer (1998) Type Category
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
82 | P a g e “,aw; ,aw;if va;jpa gpd;G ghujuj;dh tpUJ ngw;w jkpoh;fs; ,Uth;” 1. 1976 K. fhkuh[h; 2. 1988 M.G. ,uhkr;re;jpud; “ghuj ghuj uj;dh tpUij ngw;w ,e;jpauy;yhjth;fs;” 1. md;id njurh 1980 2. 1990 Dr. ney;rd; kz;Nlyh 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
“ghujuj; ghujuj;dh tpUJ ngw;w jpUkjp. ,e;jpuhfhe;jp md;id njurh mUzh Mrh/g; myp M.S. Rg;Gyl;Rkp yjh kq;Nf~;fh;
,e; ,e;jpa kfsph;” 1971 1980 1997 1998 2001
“,aw; ,aw;if va;jpa gpd;G ghuj uj;dh tpUJ ngw;w ,e;jpa kfsph;” 1. mUzh Mrh/g; myp 1997
JNANPITH AWARD Category Description Instituted First awarded Last awarded Total awarded Awarded by First awardee(s) Last awardee(s)
Literature (Individual) Literary in India 1961 1965 2012 53 Bharatiya Jnanpith G. Sankara Kurup Ravuri Bharadhwaja
award
TAGORE AWARD Tagore Award is an Indian award given in commemoration of the 150th birth anniversary of the nobel prize laureate Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941) for the cultural harmony. Established in 2011 by Government of India, it is given to the artists and poets who work on Cultural Harmony This award has a cheque equivalent to Rs 1 crore. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
83 | P a g e This award was given to Ravi Shankar in 2012 The Tagore Award 2013 to Zubin Mehta (Music conductor)
VYAS SAMMAN
The Vyas Samman is a literary award in India, first awarded in 1991 . It is awarded annually by the K.K. Birla Foundation and includes a cash payout of Rs 250,000 (as of 2005). To be eligible for the award, the literary work must be in the Hindi language and have been published in the past 10 years. 2013 - Vishwanath Tripathi for his memoir Vyomkesh Darvesh
SARASWATI SAMMAN
The Saraswati Samman is an annual award for outstanding prose or poetry literary works in any Indian language listed in Schedule VIII of the Constitution of India. It is named after an Indian goddess of learning and is considered to be among the highest literary awards in India.The award consists of Rs 10 lakh, a citation and a plaque. The Saraswati Samman was instituted in 1991 by the K. K. Birla Foundation. Candidates are selected from literary works published in the previous ten years by a panel that included scholars and former award winners.
BAILEYS WOMEN'S PRIZE FOR FICTION The Baileys Women's Prize for Fiction (previously called Women's Prize for Fiction (2013), Orange Prize for Fiction (1996–2006 and 2009– 12) and Orange Broadband Prize for Fiction (2007–08)) is one of the United Kingdom's most prestigious literary prizes. Awarded for Sponsor Location Presented by First awarded
Best full-length novel written in English by a woman of any nationality Baileys Irish Cream (2014-) Private benefactors (2013)[1] Orange (1996–2012) United Kingdom Women's Prize for Fiction 1996
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
84 | P a g e
Eimear McBride wins the 2014 Baileys Women’s Prize for Fiction Irish author Eimear McBride wins the 2014 Baileys Women’s Prize for Fiction with her astonishing debut, A Girl is a Half-Formed Thing.
Gjpdj;jpwf ; hd MuQ;R ghpR Gjpdj;jpw;fhd MuQ;R ghpR> gphpl;b~; ,yf;fpa tpUJ> MuQ;R vDk; njhiyj; njhlh;G fk;ngdpahy; 1996-y; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,e;jg; ghpR Mq;fpy nkhopapy; ngz;fshy; gilf;fg;ngWk; ehty;fSf;F Mz;LNjhWk; toq;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ. mjhtJ ngz; ehty; Mrphpah;fspd; gilg;G gphpl;b~; ntspaPL nra;Ak; Mq;fpy nkhop ehty;fSf;F toq;fg;gLfpwJ. ghpRj;njhifahf 30>000 gphpl;b~; gTz;l; kw;Wk; ntz;fyr; rpiyAk; toq;fg;gLk;. 2012-Mk; Mz;L MuQ;R njhiyj;njhlh;G fk;ngdp ghpRj; njhiff;fhd gzk; toq;FtjpypUe;J jd;id tpLtpj;Jf; nfhz;lJ. Mdhy; ghpR njhlh;eJ ; khw;Wg; ngahpy; toq;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ. mjd; Gjpa ngah; “Gjpdj;jpw;fhd ngz;fs; ghpR” (Women’s Prize for fiction). ,g;ghprpw;fhd njhifia jw;NghJ gyfk;ngdpfSk; kw;Wk; jdpegh;fSk; toq;Ffpd;wdh;. ,jpy; Fwpg;ghf Kd;dhs; gphpl;b~; gpujkhpd; kidtp nrh;hp gpish; kw;Wk; N[hd;dh l;Nuhg; (Mq;fpyg; ngz; vOj;jhsh;) 2013-Mz;L Kjy; “Gjpdj;jpw;fhd ngz;fs; tpUJ” vd toq;fg;gLfpwJ. Kjy; MuQ;R ghpR> ngw;wth; 1996-y; n`yd; ld;Nkhh; N`hk;]; ,g;ghprpid rpwg;G Mq;fpy nkhopapy; ngz; gilg;ghspfis ve;j ehl;ltuhapDk; ghpR toq;FtJ.
jkpof murpd; tpUJfs; 2014 jkpo;ehl;by; tpUJfs; ngw;wth;fs; tpUJfspd; ngah;fs;
tpUJ ngw;wth;fspd; ngah;fs;
je;ij nghpahh;
<.nt.rp. RNyhf;rdh rk;gj;
mz;zh tpUJ
gz;&l;b r. ,uhkr;re;jpud;
mk;Ngj;fh; tpUJ
Kidth;. vk;. gpufh~;
fhkuh[h; tpUJ
fp. ma;ahW thz;ilahh;
ghujpahh; tpUJ
F. Qhdrk;ge;jd;
ghujp jhrd; tpUJ
,uhjh. nry;yg;gd;
jpU.tp.f.
n[. mNrhfkpj;jpud;
fp.M.ng.
t. n[aNjtd;
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
85 | P a g e tpUJ je;ij nghpahh; tpUJ
Mz;L 2012 2011
mz;zy; mk;Ngj;fh; tpUJ
2012 2011 NguwpQh; mz;zhtpUJ 2012 2011 ngUe;jiyth; fhkuh[h; 2012 tpUJ 2011 kfhftp ghujpahh; tpUJ 2012 2011 ghNte;jh; ghujpjhrd; 2012 2011 jkpo;jn ; jd;wy; 2012 jpU.tp.f.tpUJ 2011 Kj;jkpo;ff ; htyh; 2012 fp.M.ng.tp];tehjk; tpUJ 2011 jpUts;Sth; tpUJ
2013 2012
tpUJ ngw;wth; lhf;lh;. Nfh. rkurk; lhf;lh;. tprhyhl;rp neLQ;nropad; jh. ghz;bad; Kidth;. R. fhspag;gd; Nf.Mh;.gp. kzpnkhopad; ,uh.nropad; rpq;fhutbNty; jpz;btdk; Nf. uhk%h;jj ; p ghujpf;fhtyh; F. uhk%h;jj ; p Kidth;. ,uh.gpNukh Nguh. Kidth;. Nrh.e.fe;jrhkp Vh;thb R. uhjhfpU~;zd; Kidth;. gpNukh ee;jFkhh; Kidth; eh. NragpufhR Kidth; eh. ,uhrNfhgyd; (kiyakhd;) Kidth;. ,uh.Nkhfd; fiykhkzp lhf;lh;. e. KUfd; (NrNahd;) Gyth; nr. tujuhrd;
jkpof murpd; rpjj ; piu Gj;jhz;Lj; Lj; jpUtpoh tpUJfs; Jfs; jkpo; nkhop tsh;r;rpf;F ngUk; gq;fhw;Wgth;fis nfsutpf;Fk; tifapy; fgpyh; tpUJ> jkpo;jj ; hj;jh c.Nt.rh. tpUJ vd ,uz;L tpUJfisAk;> jkpOf;Fj; njhz;lhw;wpa Xh; mikg;gpw;F jkpo;jj ; ha; tpUJ vd jkpof muR %d;W tpUJfis epWtpAs;sJ. 2012 y; epWtg;gl;l ,t;tpUJ 2013y; fPof ; f ; hZk; mwpQh;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;lJ. NkYk; 2013Mk; Mz;L Kjy; Mz;LNjhWk; fk;guhkhazj;jpd; cahpa fUj;Jf;fisg; gug;Gk; rpwe;j mwpQHfSf;F fk;gh; tpUJk;> rpwe;j ,yf;fpa Ngr;rhsUf;F nrhy;ypd; nry;th; tpUJk; toq;fg;gLk; vd jkpof muR mwptpj;jJ. ,e;j Mz;bw;fhd fk;gh; tpUJ kw;Wk; nrhy;ypd; nry;th; tpUJ ngw;w mwpQh;fspd; ngahpidAk; gl;baypy; fhzyhk;. tpUJ ngw;w mwpQh;fs; 2013 2012 ftpQh; Kj;Jypq;fk; m.m. kzthsd; c.Nr.rh. k.Nt. gRgjp nr. ,uhR
tpUJ fgpyh; tpUJ jkpo;jj ; hj;jh tpUJ jkpo;jj ; ha; tpUJ nly;yp jkpo;rr ; q;fk; fk;gh; tpUJ Kidth; ghy ,ukzp nrhy;ypd; nry;th; tpUJ k.Nyhfehafp
kJiu jkpo;rr ; q;fk;
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
86 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
fpU~;zNkdDf;F gphpll ; d; rpwg;G nfsutk; gphpl;lDf;fhd Kjy; ,e;jpa Jizj; jiyth; fpU~;z Nkdid nfsutpf;Fk; tpjkhf tlf;F yz;ld; gFjpapy; mth; trpj;j tPlb ; y; ePyg; ngah;g; gyif (‘G@ /gpshf;’) mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mtuJ epidthf yz;ldpy; mth; Kjd;Kjypy; tho;ej ; tPlb ; y; ePy epw gpd;dzpapy; nts;is vOj;Jf;fspy; ngah; kw;Wk; thof;iff; Fwpg;G tptuk; nghwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. fpU~;z Nkddpd; kiwTf;Fg; gpd;> ,e;j nfsutk; mspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. gphpl;ldpd; gpugyq;fSf;Fk; mth;fs; trpj;j tPLfSf;Fk; ,ilNaahd ‘G@gpshf;’ mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. 1929 Kjy; gpizg;ig> epidT$h;eJ ; 1931-k; Mz;L tiuapyhd Nkdd; tlf;F yz;ldpy; cs;s tPlb ; y; trpj;jhh;. gphpl;ldpy; jq;fpapUe;jNghJ yz;lid ntFthf Nerpj;j mth;> r%f> murpay; gzpfspy; jd;id ntFthf
ASIAN NOBEL PRIZE The Tang Prize Foundation is being set up by Samuel Yin The first Tang prizes would be awarded every two years, beginning in 2014. Fields: Sustainable Development Bio-medical Science China Linguistic Research Rule of Law
Mrpa Nehgy; gupR – Gjpa tpUJ epWtg;gl;Ls;SJ ijthd; ehl;L njhopyjpguhd Nrkpay; ,d; mtu;fs; 1.36 kpy;ypad; kjpg;gpyhd tpUJ xd;iw epWtpAs;shu;. Nehgy; gupirtpl gupRj; njhifapy; mjpf kjpg;G nfhz;l ,J (Nehgy; gupRj; njhif 1.2 kpy;ypad; lhyu;) Mrpa Nehgy; gupR vd;W miof;fg;glTs;sJ. 2014 Mk; Mz;by; njhlq;fp ,uz;lhz;LfSf;F xU Kiw toq;fg;glTs;s ,t;tpUJ fPof ; f ; hZk; ehd;F JiwfSf;F toq;fg;gLk;. ePbj;j Nkk;ghL (Sustainable Development) capup kUe;jf mwptpay; (Bio-medical Science) rPd nkhopapay; Ma;Tfs; (China Linguistic Research) rl;lj;jpd; Ml;rp (Rule of Law)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
87 | P a g e
,irf; fiyQh; mk;[j; myp fhDf;F uh[Pt; fhe;jp Njrpa rj;ghtdh tpUJ gpugy rNuhl; ,irf; fiyQh; mk;[j; mypfhDf;F ,e;j Mz;Lf;fhd uh[Pt; fhe;jp Njrpa rj;ghtdh tpUJ mwptpf;fg;gl;lJ. kj ey;ypzf;fj;Jf;fhfg; ghLgLk; gy;NtW Jiwfisr; Nrhe;j ; th;fSf;F Mz;LNjhWk; ,t;tpUij Kd;dhs; gpujkh; uh[Pt; fhe;jpapd; gpwe;j jpdj;jpy; (Mf];l; 20) fhq;fpu]; fl;rp toq;fp tUfpwJ. Vw;nfdNt md;id njurh> gp];kpy;yh fhd;> KfkJ A+D];> jP]j ; h Nrjy;thl;> Rthkp mf;dpNt~;> `h;~; ke;jh; Rdpy; jj;> jpyPg; Fkhh;> nksyhdh t`AjPd; fhd;> Nf.Mh;. ehuhazd; cs;spl;Nlhh; ,t;tpUijg; ngw;wJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
KNUTH PRIZE The Donald E. Knuth Prize is a prize for outstanding contributions to the foundations of computer science, named after Donald E. Knuth. The Knuth Prize is awarded since 1996 and includes an award of $5000. The prize is awarded by ACM SIGACT and by IEEE Computer Society's Technical Committee on the Mathematical Foundations of Computing. Prizes are awarded in alternation at the ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing and at the IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, which are among the most prestigious conferences in theoretical computer science. Winners • 1996 - Andrew Yao • 2013 – Gary Miller Knuth ghpR – 2013 ; pf;F rpwe;j Muha;r ; r ; papy;
Country India Russia – America America
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
88 | P a g e
ASIAN LITERARY PRIZE Awarded for Location Presented by First awarded
Best novel written by a citizen of an Asian country, either published in English or translated into English[1] Asia (limited) Man Group (2007-2012) 2007
2007 Chinese writer Jiang Rong won the inaugural prize with his work, Wolf Totem 2012 The winner, Tan Twan Eng for The Garden of Evening Mists, was announced March 15, 2013
nlk;gpspld; tpUJ 2013 mth;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ
nj];khd;l;
Ll;L
mnkhpf;fh- Mq;fpNyh njhopyjpguhd nlk;gps;ld; mth;fspd; epidthf njhlq;fg;gl;Ls;s nlk;gps;ld; mwf;fl;lis %yk; ,t;tpUJ toq;fg;gLfpwJ. 1972 Mk; Mz;L epWtg;gl;L> Mz;LNjhWk; toq;fg;gl;LtUk; ,t;tpUJ 2013y; njd;dhg;gphpf;fhtpd; r%fey Mh;tyUk;> Xa;T ngw;wghjphpahUkhd nj];khd;l; Ll;L (Desmond tutu) mth;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. njd;dhg;gphpf;fhtpd; Kjy; fWg;gh; ,dg; ghjphpahh; vDk; ngUikiaf; nfhz;l ,th;> Mg;gphpf;f fz;lj;jpy; epytpa fUg;gh;fSf;F vjpuhd ,dntwpf; nfhs;iff;F vjpuhf jd; tho;ehs; KOtijAk; mh;gzpj;jNjhL> tWik> va;l] ; >; fhrNeha; Nghd;wtw;wpw;F vjpuhfTk; Nghuhb tUfpwhh;. mnkhpf;fhtpy; Kd;dhs; mjpgh; [pk;kp fhh;ll ; h;> [.ehtpd; Kd;dhs; nghJr; nrayhsh; Nfhgp md;dhd; cs;spl;l cyfj;jiyth;fs; ,ize;J elj;Jk; kdpj Nea mikg;ghd j vy;lh;]; (The Elders)y; ,tUk; cWg;gpdh; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. ,th; ,aw;wpAs;s E}y;fs;: - No Future without forgiveness - God is not a Christian and other provocation APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
89 | P a g e ,th; ngw;Ws;s tpUJfs;: 1. mikjpf;fhd Nehgy; ghpR (1984) 2. rpl;dp mikjp tpUJ (1999) 3. fhe;jp mikjp tpUJ (2007) fle;j %d;W tUlq;fspy; ,t;tpUJ ngw;wth;fspd; gl;bay; Mz;L 2012 2011
egh; 14tJ jyha yhkh (nld;rpd; fpahl;Nlh) j yhh;L hP]; M/g; Y}l;Nyh
2010
gpuhd;rp];Nfh N[. mayh
ehL jPngj; ,e;jpahtpy; trpf;fpwhh;) ,q;fpyhe;J tpz;ntsp Ma;thsh;) ];ngapd;
nlk;gps;ld; tpUJ ngw;w ,e;jpah;fs; 1973 1975 1990 1997
md;id njurh rh;tgs;sp ,uhjhfpU~;zd; ghgh Mk;Nj ghz;Luq; rh];jphp mjthNy (Swadhyay Movement)
I.eh.nghJ Nrit tpUJ 2013 ck;kd; rhz;bf;F toq;fg; fg;gl;lJ
Nfus
Kjy;th;
,t;tpUJ xt;nthU Mz;Lk;> cyf Nrit jpdkhd [{d; 23 md;W toq;fg;gLk;. 2003Mk; Mz;L Kjy; toq;fg;gl;L tuk; ,t;tpUJ> 2013y; Mrpa grpgpf; kz;lyj;jpw;fhd tpUjpw;F Nfus Kjy;th; ck;kd; rhz;b mth;fs; Njh;en ; jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sh;. cyf kf;fs; Nrit jpdk; - [{d; 23
RAJIV GANDHI KHEL RATNA The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna (RGKR) is India’s highest honour given for achievement in sports. The words "Khel Ratna" literally mean "sports gem" in Hindi. The award is named after the late Rajiv Gandhi, former Prime Minister of India. YEAR 2010–11 2011–12 2011–12 2012–13
NAME Gagan Narang Vijay Kumar Yogeshwar Dutt Ronjan Sodhi
FIELD Shooting Shooting Wrestling Shooting
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
90 | P a g e
DRONACHARYA AWARD Dronacharya Award is an award presented by the government of India for excellence in sports coaching. The award comprises a bronze statuette of Dronacharya, a scroll of honour and a cash component of Rs.500,000. The award was instituted in 1985 YEAR NAME FIELD 2013 Poornima Mahato Archery 2013 Mahavir Singh Boxing 2013 Narinder Singh Saini Hockey 2013 K P Thomas Athletics 2013 Raj Singh Wrestling
ARJUNA AWARD Civilian Sports (Individual) 1961 1961 2012 Govt. of India 500,000
Type Category Instituted First awarded Last awarded Awarded by Cash award Field: Sports
Athletics Ball Badminton Basketball Boxing Carrom Chess Cricket Hockey Kabaddi Powerlifting Swimming Table Tennis Tennis Volleyball Weightlifting
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
91 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
List of Arjuna Award 2013 A total of 14 personalities got the Arjuna Awards 2013 which are as follows: 1. Virat Kohli (Cricket) 2. Chekrovolu Swuro (Archery) 3. Renjith Maheshwary (Athletics) 4. P V Sindhu (Badminton) 5. Kavita Chahal(Boxing) 6. Rupesh Shah (Snooker) 7. Gaganjeet Bhullar (Golf) 8. Saba Anjum (Hockey) 9. Rajkumari Rathore (Shooting) 10. Joshna Chinappa(Squash) 11. Mouma Das (Table Tennis) 12. Neha Rathi (Wrestling) 13. Dharmendra Dalal (Wrestling) 14. Amit Kumar Saroha (Athletics)
DHYAN CHAND AWARD Dhyan Chand Award is India's highest award for lifetime achievement in sports and games, given by the Government of India. The award is named after the legendary Indian hockey player Dhyan Chand. The award was initiated in 2002. The award carries a cash prize of INR 500,000, a plaque and a scroll of honour. Complete List of Awardees Name Awarded Sports/Games Aparna Ghosh 2002 Basketball Mary D'souza 2013 Athletics Sequeira Syed Ali 2013 Hockey Anil 2013 Wrestling Girraj Singh 2013 Para-Sports
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
92 | P a g e
SAHITYA AKADEMI AWARD Literature (Individual) Literary award in India 1954 1955 2014 Sahitya Akademi, Government of India
Category Description Instituted First awarded Last awarded Awarded by
rhfpja ; mfhnjkp rhfpj;a mfhnjkp tpUJfs; mwptpg;G b.nry;tuh[; vOjpa ‘Njhy; Njhy;’ Njh;T 2012k; Mz;Lf;fhd rhfpj;a mfhnjkp tpUJf;F vOj;jhsh; b. nry;tuh[pd; ‘Njhy;’ vd;w ehty; cs;gl 24 gilg;Gfs; Njh;thfpAs;sd. 24 nkhopfspy; gy;NtW vOj;jhsh;fspd; gilg;Gfs; ghprPypf;fg;gl;L rpwe;j ehty; Mrphpah;fs;> ftpQH;fs;> rpWfijfs;> Rarhpij Mfpa gphpTfspy; tpUJ ngWNthh; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;ldh;.
2013; mfhnjkp tpUJ 2013-Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd rhfpja 2013-Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd At Gu];fhh; kw;Wk; ghy Gu];fhh; tpUJfSf;fhf 24 nkhopfspy; E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd E}y;fs; ghpe;Jiuf;fg;gl;ld. xt;nthU nkhopapYk; rpwe;j gilg;Gfisj; Njh;en ; jLf;f %d;W ePjpgjpfs; nfhz;l 47 FOf;fs; mikf;fg;gl;ld. jkpo; nkhopapy; At Gu];fhh; tpUJFfjph;ghujp vOjpa ‘nk];]pahTf;F %d;W kr;rq;fs;’ vd;w ftpijj; njhFg;G Njh;thfpAs;sJ. ghyGu];fhh; tpUJf;F vOj;jhsh; Nutjp vOjpa ‘gtsk; je;j ghpR’ vd;w rpWth; ,yf;fpak; Njh;en ; jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. jkpo; vOj;jhsh; N[h.b. F&];-f;F rhfpj;a mfhjkp tpUJ N[h.b.F&]; vOjpa “nfhw;if” vd;w ehtYf;F 2013 Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd rhfpj;a mfhjkp tpUJ toq;fg;gLfpwJ. (,tuJ Kjy; ehty;” Mop #o; cyF” – jkpof murpd; tpUijg; ngw;wJ). Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Tamil language Year 1955 2011 2012 2013
Work Tamil Inbam (Essays) Kaval Kottam (Novel) Thol (Novel) korkai (Novel)
Author R. P. Sethu Pillai Su. Venkatesan D.Selvaraj Joe D Cruz
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
93 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
jhrpyj ; hh; gpNukyjhTf;F ‘fy;gdh rht;yh’ tpUJ mhprp flj;jy;fhuh;fis Jzpr;rYld; tpul;bg; gpbj;j fd;dpahFkhp khtl;lk; ‘tpstq;NfhL tl;l toq;fy; mYtyh;’ Rrp gpNukyjhTf;F JzpT kw;Wk; rhfrr; nraYf;fhd ‘fy;gdh rht;yh’ tpUjpid Kjyikr;rh; toq;fpAs;shh;.
jp iul; iyt;ypTl; tpUJ 1980-Mk; Mz;L RtPld; ehl;L njhopw;Kiw ];lhk; Nrkpg;gtUk;> gj;jphpf;ifahsUk; N[fg; thd; A+f;];Fy; (Jacob Von Uexkull) vd;gth; Nehgy; ghpR FWfpa gphpTf;F kl;LNk toq;fg;gLtjhy; mtw;wpd; Nehf;fk; FWfpajhf ,Ug;gJNghy; cs;sjhYk; NkYk; njhopw;kakhd ehLfspd; rKjhaj;jpy; Vw;gLk; Gjpa kdpj gpur;rpidfSf;F NghJkhd msT top Njbf;nfhs;tjhYk; tphpthd (gue;j) Nehf;fkpy;yhjJNghy; czh;ej ; hh;. 1980-y; jp iul; iyt;ypTl; tpUJ xh; thlif `hypy; itj;J toq;fg;gl;lJ. Ie;J Mz;LfSf;Fg;gpd; ];tl P d; ghuhSkd;w `hypy; tpUJ toq;Fk; tpohtpid itj;Jf; nfhs;s miog;G te;jJ. ,jd;gb md;W Kjy; kf;fs; jp iul; iyt;ypTl; tpUJ Nehgy; ghprpd; khw;whf (Alternative Nobel Prize) kf;fshy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;lJ. ghpRj; njhifahf $50>000 mnkhpf;f lhyh; toq;fg;gLfpwJ. jp iul; iyt;ypTl; tpUJ ngw;w ,e;jpa mikg;G kw;Wk; jdpegh;fs; 1984 RaNtiy ngz;fs; mikg;G / vyhgl; (Self-employed women’s Association/Ela Bhatt) 1985 Nehfad; / u[;dp Nfhjhhp (Lokanyan / Rajni Kothari) 1986 ylhf; #w;w#opay; Nkyhz;ik FO / n`ydh ehh;ngh;f; - `hl;r; (Lodak Ecological Development group / Heten Norberg – Hodge) 1987 rpg;Nfh ,af;fk; (Chipko Movement) 1991 eh;kjh gr;rhNth md;Nlhyd; (Narmada Bachao Andolan) (NBA) 1993 te;jdh rpt (Vandana Shiva) 1994 lhf;lh; n`r; Rjh;rd; (VGKK) 1996 Nfush kf;fs; mwptpay; ,af;fk; (Kerala Sashthra Sahithya Parishad) (People’s science Movement of Kerala) 2004 Rthkp mf;dpNt~; / m];fhh; myp vd;[pdpah; (Swami Agnivesh / Asghar Ali Engineer) 2006 &j;kNdhukh (Ruth Manora) 2008 fpU~;zk;khs; [fdehjd; kw;Wk; rq;fuypq;fk; [fdehjd; (LAFTI)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
94 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
mikjpff ; hy tPur;nray; tpUJfs;: mikjpf;fhy tPur;nray; tpUJfs; tpUJfs;: (Peacetime gallantry))
mNrhf rf;u tpUJ (Ashok Chakra) ( fPhj ; j ; p rf;fu tpUJ (Kirti Chakra) ( nrsh;ah rf;fu tpUJ (Shaurya Chakra)) ( mNrhfr; rf;fu tpUJ Kjypy; 1952 [dthp 4y; Jtf;fg;gl;lJ.
fPhj ; j ; p rf;fu tpUJ: tpUJ fPhj ; j ; p rf;fu tpUJ mNrhfh; rf;fu tpUJ tFg;G – II vd ,e;jpaf; FbauRj; jiytuhy; 1952 [dthp 4y; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,t;tpUJ eilKiwf;F te;jJ Mf];l; 15> 1947 ypUe;J. Mdhy; 1967 [dthp 27y; ngah; khw;wk; ngw;W fPhj ; j ; p rf;fu tpUJ vd MdJ. fPhj ; j ; p tpUJ ngw;wth;fs;: 2013 Lt CDR. Abilashtomy ,e;jpaf; flw;gil nyg;bdl; - mkpyh]; Nlhkp. 2013 - Nk[h; kNf];Fkhh;> ,e;jpa ,uhZtk; 2013 - ,d;]n ; gf;lh; - yypj; Nrhdhthy; (,we;j gpd;) m];]hk; NghyP]; fkhz;Nlh gl;lhypad; 2012 – Nk[h; - mDg;N[hrg; kd;[hyp gPfhh; nu[pnkd;l; 2009 – S.P. tpNdhj;Fkhh; NrhNg (,we;j gpd;) ,e;jpa NghyP]; rh;t] P ); ,Jtiuapy; mNrhfr; rf;fu tpUJ kw;Wk; fPhj ; j ; p rf;fu tpUJ ,uz;ilAk; ngw;w xNu tPuh; fh;dy; ePyfz;ld; n[ar;re;jpud; ehah (Colonel J.J. Nair)
Nfhy;ld; FNshg; tpUJ - 2014 2014 Mk; Mz;L yh]; VQ;r]py; eilngw;wJ. ypahh;dNlh bfhg;hpNah rpwe;j ebfuhfTk;> mnkhpf;fd; `]y; rpwe;j jpiug;gkhfTk; ,lk; ngw;wd. M];fh; tpUJf;F mLj;jg;gbahf fUjg;gLk; cah;ej ; tpUjhFk;. M];jpNuypa ebif vk;kh jhk;rDf;Fk; rpwe;j Jiz ebiff;fhd tpUJ n[dpgh; yhud;Rf;Fk; toq;fg;gl;lJ. ,t;tpohtpy; cyf mofpahf ,Ue;j ebif gphpaq;fh Nrhg;uh fye;J nfhz;lhh; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
95 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
PRIZE AND AWARDS REVIEW Malala Received 2013 UN Human Rights Prize. South Africa’s late antiapartheid icon Nelson Mandela and former US President Jimmy Carter are among the eminent recipients of the prize which is conferred every five year General Bikram Singh awarded the US’s ‘Legion of Merit’. The award is given the services chiefs and officers for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services and achievements. He is the 5th Indian armed forces officers to have received the award after field marshal K.M. Kariappa and 1st India chief of Army Staff Gen. Rajendra Singhiji Indian Missile Scientist Sivathanu Pilali received Russia’s “Order of Friendship” award. Along with him, Senior BJP leader Murali Manohar Joshi has also been bestowed upon the Russian award, which is the highest award given by the country to foreign citizens Bihar Health Worker Martha Dodray gets UN Frontline workers Global Leadership Award for Polio work. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Hyderabad being managed by GMR Group has been adjudged the “Best Cargo Airport of the Year”. This is the Second year in row. Mala Yousafzai was received a human rights award named after the Russian Journalist, “Anna Politlkovskaya”. The award was presented by RAW IN WAR (Reach All Women in WAR) The International Press Institute award for Excellence in Journalism 2013 has chosen Television Journalist – Karan Tahpar for outstanding Journalistic work done during 2012. Malala yousafzai won EU’s Sakharov Human Rights Prize 2013. The Sakharvo prize for the free speech is awarded by European Parliament annually in memory of Soviet Physicist and dissident Andrei Sakharov.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
96 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
The Infosys Prize 2013 in Life Science is awarded to Dr. RajeshS. Gokhale, Director CSIR – Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, for his work in the field of lipid metabolism in tubercle bacilli. “The Bangladesh Friends of Liberation war Honour” was conferred on former Indian President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, former prime minister Gulzarilal Manda and former Indian defence Minister V.K. Krishna Menon Russian President Vladimir Putin nominated for 2014 Noble Peace Prize by Russian advocacy group for his key role in preventing a US Missile strike on Syria and initiatives to dismantle Damascus Chemical weapons. Nuozealan author Eleanor Colton at the age of just 28 years became the youngest ever winner of the 2013 Man Booker Prize for her novel “The Luminaries”. The luminaries is also the longest work to win the prize in the history of 45 years of Man Booker Prize (832 page). South Africa’s Greg du Toit Named wildlife photographer of the year 2013 14 year old photographer from India Udayan Rao Pawar won the award as “Young wildlife photographer of the year 2013” Lata Mangeshkar honoured with the first Yash Chopra Memorial Award. Malala yousafzai awarded Honorary Masters Degree at Edinburgh University Indian Climate change Activist Priti Rajagopalan wins “Commonwealth youth award” Aung San Swu kyi received EU’s Sakharov prize after 23 year. She was chosen by European Parliament in 1990. The Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought was established in December 1988 by European Parliament APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
97 | P a g e
POLITICAL PARTIES AND POLITICAL SYSTEMS IN INDIA ,e;jpahtpd; ngupa ngupa kf;fsitj; njhFjp -
gug;gstpy; - ylhf; njhFjp ([k;K & fh~;kuP ); thf;fhsu; mstpy; - cd;dht; (cj;jpug;gpuNjrk;)
,e;jpahtpd; kpfr; rpwpa kf;fsitj; njhFjp -
gug;gstpy; : rhe;jp rTf; (nly;yp) thf;fhsu; mstpy; : yl;rj;jT P
jkpofj;jpd; ngupa rl;lg;Nguit njhFjp -
gug;gstpy; : tpy;ypthf;fk; thf;fhsu; mstpy; o Nrhspq;fey;Yhu; (fhQ;rpGuk;) o nfsz;lk;ghisak; (Nfhit) o Mtb (jpUts;@u;)
jkpofj;jpd; kpfr;rpwpa rl;lg;Nguit njhFjp -
thf;fhsu; mstpy; : fPoN ; t@u; (ehfg;gl;bdk;)
jkpofj;jpy; cs;s upru;t; njhFjpfspd; vz;zpf;if 46 jho;jj ; g;gl;ltu;fs; : 44 goq;Fbapdu; : 2 Nre;jkq;fyk; (ehkf;fy;) Vw;fhL (Nryk;)
GOVT., WELFARE ORIENTED GOVT. SCHEMES THEIR UTILITY tWik xopgG ; cyf tq;fp Gjpa ,yf;F cyfpypUe;J tWikia xopj;jpl cyf tq;fp Gjpa ,yf;if eph;zapj;Js;sJ. mjd;gb 2020-f;Fs; tWikg;gpbapy; cs;sth;fs; vz;zpf;ifia 9% khf Fiwf;f ,yf;F eph;zapf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. cyf mstpy; Rkhh; 40 Nfhb rpWth;fs; xU ehisf;F 1.25 lhyh; vd;w tUkhdj;jpy; caph; thOk; nfhba tWik epiyapy; cs;sdh;. tWikapy; cs;sth;fspd; vz;zpf;ifia cyf mstpy; 9%khf Fiwf;f ,yf;f eph;zapf;fg;gl;Ls;sjd; tpisthf 2030-k; Mz;Lf;Fs; cyfpypUe;J tWikia Kw;wpYk; xopg;gJ vd eph;zapf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
98 | P a g e ,e;jpahtpy; mjpf gl;r tWik cs;s (rjtPjj;jpy;) khepyk; fpuhkk; efuk; gPfhh; 55.3 39.4 m];]hk; 39.9 26.1 cj;jpug;gpuNjrk; 39.4 31.7 xbrh 39.2 25.9 kj;jpag;gpuNjrk; 42.0 22.9 ,e;jpahtpy; Fiwe;jgl;r tWik cs;s (rjtPjj;jpy;) khepyk; fpuhkk; efuk; ,khr;ry gpuNjrk; 9.1 12.6 Nfush 12.0 12.1 gQ;rhg; 14.6 18.1 jkpo;ehL 21.2 12.8 `hpahdh 18.6 23.0
khepyq;fs; s nkhj;jk; 53.5 37.9 37.7 37.0 36.7 khepyq;fs; nkhj;jk; 9.5 12.0 15.9 17.1 20.1
EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMMES OF INDIA AT A GLANCE S.No Programme/Plan/ Year of Objective/Description Institution beginning 1 Community Development Overall development of rural 1952 Programme (CDP) areas with people's participation. 2
3 4
5
Intensive Agriculture Development Programme 1960-61 (IADP) Intensive Agriculture Area 1964-65 Programme (IAAP) High Yielding Variety Programme (HYVP) 1966-67
To provide loans, seeds, fertilizers, tools to the farmers.
Indian Tourism Development Corporation Oct. 1966 (ITDC)
To arrange for the construction of Hotels and Guest Houses at various places of the country.
To develop special harvests. To increase the productivity of food grains by adopting latest varieties of inputs for crops.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
99 | P a g e 6
Green Revolution
7
Nationalisation of 14 Banks
8.
Twenty Point Programme (TPP)
9
National Institution Rural Development (NIRD)
10
11
12
13
14
To increase the production of food grains, specially wheat (The architects were Dr.M.S. 1966-67 Swaminathan in India and Nobel laureate Dr. Norman Borlaug in the world). To provide loans for 19 July, agriculture, rural development 1969 and other priority sectors. 1975
Poverty eradication and raising the standard of living.
1977
Training, investigation and advisory organisation for rural development.
of
To make the poorest of the poor of the villages economically 1977-78 independent (only in Rajasthan State). Training Rural Youth for Aug. 15, Programme for training rural Self Employment 1979 youth for self-employment. (TRYSEM) National Rural To provide profitable 1980 Employment Programme employment opportunities to the (NREP) rural poor. National Fund for Rural To grant 100% tax rebate to Development (NFRD) donors and also to provide Feb. 1984 financial assistance for rural development projects. Antyodaya Yojana
Formation of Securities and To safeguard the interest of Exchange Board of India April 1988 investors in capital market and to (SEBI) regulate the share market.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
100 | P a g e 15
National Renewal Fund
16
Mahila Samridhi Yojana
17
Child Labour Eradication Scheme
18
Kasturba Gandhi Education Aug. Scheme 1997
19
Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY)
For the employees of the public sector.
1992 Oct. 1993
Aug. 1994
2,
To encourage the rural women to deposit in Post Office Savings Account.
labour from 15, To shift child hazardous industries to schools.
15,
Dec. 1997
To establish girls schools in districts having low female literacy rate. To provide gainful employment to urban unemployed and under employed poor through self employment or wage employment. To provide 10 kg food grains to senior citizens (who do not get pension).
20
Annapurna Yojana
21
Swarna Jayanti Gram For eliminating rural poverty Swarozgar Yojana (SJGSY) April 1999 and unemployment and promoting self employment.
22
Jan Shree Bima Yojana
March 1999
Aug. 2000 23
24
Pardhan Mantri Gramodaya 2000 Yojana Antyodaya Anna Yojana Dec. 2000
Providing Insurance Security 10, to people living below the poverty line. To fulfill basic requirements in rural areas. 25,
To provide food security to the poor.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
101 | P a g e 25
Pardhan Mantri Gram Dec. Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) 2000
26
Swajaldhara Yojana 2002
27
Hariyali Pariyojana
2003
28
Janani Suraksha Yojana April 2005
29
Bharat Nirman Yojana
25,
To connect all villages with nearest pucca road. Started in Dec. 2002, for ensuring drinking water supply to all villages by 2004.
Inaugurated on January 27, 2003 by the Prime Minister. It aims at tackling the problems of irrigation and drinking water, along with boosting tree plantation programme and fisheries developments in rural areas. Takes the place of National 12, Maternity Benefit Scheme. It will be a part of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM).
Dec. 2005
Development of Rural infrastructure including six 16, components : Irrigation, Water supply, Housing, Road, Telephone and Electricity.
30
Rajeev Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana 2005
Electrification of all villages and habitations.
31
National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme (NREGP) Feb. 2006
The provisions are the same as for food for work programme. The scheme was enforced in 200 2, districts of the country to begin with. To provide atleast 100 days wages employment in rural areas in a year. The scheme is 100% centrally sponsored.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
102 | P a g e 32
Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana
33
Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana
34
Rajeev Awas Yojana
35
Pradhanmantri Gram Yojana
36
2007
2007
2009 Adarsh
Dilli Annashree Yojana
2010
2013
Health Insurance to all workers in unorganized sector Insurance cover to the head of the family in rural landless households. To make India slum free in 5 years. Integrated development of scheduled castes dominated villages in the country. It is a food security programme that aims to ensure people do not go hungry.
Njrpa Cuf Ntiytha;gG ; j; jpll ; k;: Njrpa Cuf Ntiytha;gG ; j;jpl;lj;jpd; fPo; toq;fg;gLk; Ntiy ehl;fshd 100 ehl;fs; 150 ehl;fshf mjpfhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. twl;rp fhyq;fspy; fpuhkg;Gw gFjpfspy; cs;s kf;fSf;F Ntiytha;gG ; mspf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf kfhj;kh fhe;jp Cuf Ntiy tha;gG ; cj;juthjj; jpl;lj;ij kj;jpa muR nray;gLj;jp tUfpwJ. ,j;jpl;lj;jpd;fo P ; Mz;Lf;F 100 ehl;fs; Ntiy toq;fg;gLfpwJ. ,j;jpl;lj;jpy; fpuhkg; Gwq;fspy; cs;s Fsq;fis J}h; thUjy;> rhiyfs; mikj;jy; cs;spl;l gzpfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j Mz;L njd;Nkw;F gUtkio rhptu nga;ahjjhy; ehl;bd; gy;NtW gFjpfspy; twl;rp epyTfpwJ. fh;ehlfk;> kfhuh~;buh> F[uhj;> uh[];jhd; Mfpa khepyq;fSf;F &. 33 Mapuk; Nfhb xJf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. vdNt ,e;j Mz;by; Cuf Ntiytha;gi ; g 150 ehl;fshf mjpfhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
kfhj;kh fhe;jp Njrpa Cuf Ntiy cWjpj; jpll ; k; (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme) Njrpa Cuf Ntiy cWjp rl;lk; - 2005> ehlhSkd;wj;jhy; ,aw;wg;gl;L me;j Mz;L nrg;lk;gh; 5,y; FbauRj; jiythpd; xg;Gjy; ngwg;gl;lJ.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
103 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
jpl;lj;jpd; gad;ghLfs;: ePhe ; piyfis mjpfhpg;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; epiyg;gLj;Jjy; fpuhkg;Gwj;jpypUe;J efh;gG ; wj;jpw;F tWikapd; fhuzkhf Fb ngah;jy; Fiwe;Js;sJ. Njrpa mstpy; fpuhkg;Gwj;jpy; ruhrhp Cjpak; ,j;jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; &. 65 ypUe;J &. 115 Mf cah;eJ ; s;sJ. ,jd; %yk; fpuhkg; Gwj;jpy; tptrhag; gzpahsh;fspd; Cjpa Nguk;NgRk; tha;gG ; cah;eJ ; s;sJ.
ngz;fspd; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; rk cupik njhlu;ghf kj;jpa/jkp jkpof muR ,aw;wp wA p s;s gpw rl;lq;fspd; njhFg;G rjp xopg;Gr; rl;lk; 1829 rhujhr; rl;lk; 1929 (Foe;ijj; jpUkzj; jilr;rl;lk;) Njtjhrp xopg;Gr; rl;lk; 1930 tujl;riz jLg;Gr; rl;lk; 1961 (1984y; jpUj;jg;gl;lJ) ,e;J jpUkzr; rl;lk; 1955 (1967y; jkpof muR ,jpy; jpUj;jk; nra;J> Rakupahij jpUkzq;fSf;F rl;l mq;fPfhuk; mspj;Js;sJ) ,e;J thupRupikr; rl;lk; 1956 (1989y; jkpof muR jpUj;jk; nra;J ngz;fSf;F guk;giu nrhj;jpy; rkgq;F fpilf;f top nra;Js;sJ). ,e;J tpjitfs; kWkzr;rl;lk; 1956 kfg;NgW eyr;rl;lk; 1961 rkkhd Cjpar; rl;lk; 1976 ngz;fis mehfuPfkhf gpujpepjpj;Jtg; gLj;Jtijj; jLj;jy; rl;lk; 1986 fz;zpakw;w Kiwapy; rpj;jupg;gJ (jilr;) rl;lk; 1989 njhl;by; Foe;ijj; jpl;lk; 1992 kfhj;kh fhe;jp Cuf Nriy tha;gG ; j; jpl;lk; 2005 tPlL ; Ntiyahl;fs; eyd; kw;Wk; r%fg; ghJfhg;Gj; jpl;lk; 2010 FLk;g td;Kiwj; jLg;Gr; rl;lk; 2005 nfsutk;> ghuk;gupak; vDk; ngaupy; elf;Fk; Fw;wq;fisj; jLj;jy; rl;lk; 2010.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
104 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
LATEST COURT VERDICTS RECENT AMENDMENT BILLS 111th Amendment Bill: • The Constitution (One hundred and Eleventh Amendment) Bill, 2009 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on November 30, 2009 by Sh. Sharad Pawar, Minister of Agriculture, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution System. The Bill adds a new Directive Principles of State Policy stating that the “State shall endeavour to promote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control and professional management of co-operative societies”. The bill is passed by both the Houses in 2011. 114th amendment Bill: • To increase the retirement age of High Court judge from 62 to 65. When passed, the Constitution (114th amendment) Bill, 2010 will amend Articles 217 and 224 to substitute the words “Sixty-two years” with “sixty-five years”. The two Articles deal with the appointment and retirement age of judges. The Union Cabinet gives its nod for legislation to raise the retirement age of High Court judges from 62 to 65 on 30 July 2010. 115th Bill 2011 • The Constitution (One Hundred and Fifteenth Amendment) Bill, 2011 seeks to introduce the Goods and Services Tax to give concurrent taxing powers to both the Union and States. • The bill suggests the creation of Goods and Services Tax council and a Goods and Services Tax Dispute Settlement Authority. 116th Bill 2011: • It seeks to provide, inter alia, for: Insertion of Articles 323C and 323 D in the proposed part XIVB of the Constitution. Setting up the institution of Lokpal for the Union with powers of superintendence and direction relating to holding a preliminary inquiry causing investigation to be made and prosecution of offences APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
105 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
in respect of complaints made to them under any law for the prevention of corruption made by the parliament as an autonomous and independent body. Appointment of chairperson and such number of members, their conditions of service and tenure, as parliament may by law determine. Similar dispensation for the institution of Lokayuktas at the level of States. 117th Bill 2012 • The Constitution (One Hundred Seventeenth Amendment) Bill, 2012 was introduced in the Rajya Sabha on September 5, 2012 by Mr. V Narayansamy, Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions. • The Bill provides that all the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes notified in the Constitutional shall be deemed to be backward. • Article 335 of the Constitution states that the claims of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have to be balanced with maintaining efficiency in administration. The Bill states that provision of the amendment shall override the provision of Article 335. • Current Status: Pending
The Constitution (118th Amendment) Bill, 2012 (Insertion of new article 371J) The Constitution 118th Amendment Bill, 2012 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on September 7, 2012 by the Minister of Home Affairs, Mr. Sushil Kumar Shinde. The Bill was referred to the Standing Committee on Home Affairs (Chairperson: Mr. M. Venkaiah Naidu), which is scheduled to submit its report by the first week of the Winter Session of the Parliament. •
A resolution to make special provisions for the HyderabadKarnataka Region was passed by the Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council of Karnataka in March 2012. The resolution aims to establish an institutional mechanism to develop the region and promote inclusive growth. It aims to reduce inter-region and interdistrict disparity in the State of Karnataka. This Bill was introduced APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
106 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
in Parliament to give effect to this resolution. •
•
The Bill seeks to insert Article 371J in the Constitution to empower the Governor of Karnataka to take steps to develop the HyderabadKarnataka Region. As per the Statements of Objects and Reasons of the Bill, this Region includes the districts of Gulbarga, Bidar, Raichur, Koppal, Yadgir and Bellary. The President may allow the Governor to take the following steps for development of the region: (i) setting up a development board for the Region; (ii) ensure equitable allocation of funds for development of the Region; and (iii) provide for reservation in educational and vocational training institutions, and state government positions in the Region for persons from the Region.
Lokshaba passed the Lokpal and Lokayukata Bill, 2011 The lokpal consists of a chairperson and a maximum of eight members of which 50% shall be judicial members The Lokpal chairperson or member shall not be connected with any political party and one member will an eminent Jurist nominated by the president
Nehl;lh Njh;jy; Mizak; mwptpjJ ; s;sJ kpd;dZ thf;Fg; gjpT ,ae;jpuj;jpy; Ntl;ghsiu epuhfhpf;Fk; chpikia toq;Fk; Nehl;lhrpd;dk; nrt;tf tbtpyhd gl;ldpy; Nehl;lh vd;W Mq;fpyj;jpy; nghpa vOj;jpy; vOjg;gl;bUf;Fk;. ,J rl;lkd;wj; Njh;jypy; ,sk; rptg;G (gpq;f); epwj;jpYk;> ehlhSkd;w kf;fsitj; Njh;jypy; nts;is epwj;jpYk; ,Uf;Fk; vd;w Njh;jy; Mizak; mwptpj;Js;sJ. ehL KOtJk; xNu khjphpahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf (NOTA) vd;w Mq;fpy vOj;J rpd;dq;fspd; thpirapy; ,lk; ngWk; Ntl;ghsh;fs; ngah; thpirg; gl;bay; filrpapy; Nkw;nfhz;l ahUk; ,y;iy vd;w thrfk; me;je;j gpuhe;jpa nkhopfspy; ,lk; ngWk;. rl;lkd;w> kf;fsitj; Njh;jy;fspy; Ntl;ghsh;fis epuhfhpf;Fk; chpik thf;fhsh;fSf;F cz;L vd;W cr;rePjpkd;wk; rpy khjq;fSf;F Kd;G jPhg ; g ; spj;jJ. ,ijj; njhlh;eJ ; etk;gh;> brk;ghpy; nly;yp> kj;jpag; gpuNjrk;> rj;j] P f ; h;> uh[];jhd;> kpNrhuhk; rl;l kd;wj; Njh;jy;fspy; Nehl;lh trjp mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gLk; vd;W Njh;jy; Mizak; mwptpj;jJ.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
107 | P a g e
epyk; ifafg;gLj;jy; epiwNtwpaJ
kNrhjh
ghuhSkd;wj;jpy;
ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; epyk; ifafg;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; ,og;gL P toq;Fjy; njhlh;ghd kNrhjh jhf;fy; nra;ag;gl;L epiwNtw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. ifafg;gLj;jg;gLk; epyj;jpd; chpikahsh;fSf;F epahakhd ,og;gL P k;> tsh;rr ; p jpl;lj;jhy; ghjpf;fg;gLk; kf;fSf;F kWtho;Tk; mspg;gjw;fhf ,k;kNrhjh nfhz;L tug;gl;Ls;sJ.
fhtpup eLtu; kd;w ntspaplg;gl;lJ:
,Wjpj;
jPug ; G ;
murpjopy;
• 2007 Mk; Mz;L ntspahd fhtpup eLtu;kd;w ,Wjpj; jPug ; g ; pid Vwj;jho MW Mz;Lfs; fopj;J fle;j gpg;utup 19> 2013 md;W kj;jpa murpd; murpjopy; ntspaplg;gl;Ls;sJ. murpjopy; eLtu; kd;w jPug ; g ; pd; tptuk; : fhtpup ejpapy; ,Ue;J fpilf;Fk; nkhj;j ePu; msT : 740 b.vk;.rp. mjpy;> jkpofj;jpw;F 419 b.vk;.rp. fu;ehlfj;jpw;F 270 b.vk;.rp. Nfusk; 30 b.vk;.rp. GJr;Nrup 7 b.vk;.rp. nkhj;jk; 726 b.vk;.rp
THE JUSTICE VERMA PANEL • The Justice Verma panel, which is a 3-member commission created to review the laws for sexual crimes submitted the report to the Government of India on 23 January 2013. Justice Verma panel was created after the brutal gang rape of the Para-medical student on 16 December 2012. Former Chief Justice of India, Justice JS Verma headed the commission and reviewed the laws on sexual crimes which exist already. • The report was prepared by the panel in its 30-day deadline. The former CJI described that there were more than 80000 suggestions from the length and breadth of India as well as abroad after 5 January 2013 was declared as the deadline for receiving comments from common man in order to refurbish the present legislation that deals with the sex offenders. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
108 | P a g e • The Justice Verma panel recognised failure of governance as primary cause of sexual crimes. The panel additionally criticised the police, government and also the public for the lack of interest and also recommended changes in the entire society. ngz;fs; ghJfhg;Gj; njhlh;ghd mikf;fg;gl;l th;kh FOtpd; ghpeJ ; iu
MNyhrid
toq;f
ngz;fs; ghJfhg;G njhlh;ghf rl;lj;jpy; jpUj;jk; nra;tJ Fwpj;J MNyhrid toq;f mikf;fg;gl;l> Xa;T ngw;w ePjpgjp th;kh mth;fs; jiyikapyhd %th; FO jdJ ghpe;Jiuia mspj;Js;sJ. th;kh fkpl;b ghpe;Jiu fw;gopg;Gf; Fw;wj;jpy; FOthf fw;gopj;J nfhiy nra;jpUe;jhy; MAs; jz;lidAk; toq;fyhk;. kuz jz;lid gw;wp ,f;FO ghpe;Jiuf;ftpy;iy tlfpof;F khepyq;fs; kw;Wk; [k;K & fh~;khP ; khepyj;jpy; mkypy; cs;s MAjg;gil rpwg;G mjpfhur; rl;lk; - 1958 id (Armed Forces Special Power Act) kW Ma;tpw;F cl;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,jpy; jpUj;jk; Nkw;nfhz;L> ngz;fSf;F vjpuhd Fw;wq;fis GhpAk; ghJfhg;Gg; gilapdiu fphpkpdy; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; tprhhpf;f toptif nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ghJfhg;Gg; gilapdhpd; ghypay; Fw;wq;fs; fphpkpdy; Fw;wq;fshf gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. fhty;Jiw my;yJ ,uhZtj;jpy; gzpahw;Wgth;fs; ghypay; Fw;wq;fspy; rpWkpfis flj;Jtij fLk; Fw;wkhff; fUjp mij jLg;gjw;fhd topKiwfis cldbahf Muha Ntz;Lk;. gphpT 326 A – mkpyk; tPRjy; i. mguhjj;Jld; $ba rpiw jz;lid ii. gj;jhz;Lfs; Kjy; mjpfgl;rkhf MAs;jz;lid tiu iii. mguhjk;: epahkhdjhfTk;> ghjpf;fg;gl;lthpd; kUj;Jtr; nryTfis
109 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
gphpT 326B – mkpyk; Kaw;rpj;jy; 5 Mz;Lfs; Kjy; 7 Mz;Lfs; tiu rpiwjz;lid kw;Wk; mguhjk; gphpT 354 A – ghypay; njhy;iy 1. cly; hPjpahd ghypay; njhy;iyfNsh> rpy rYiffisf; $wp ghypay; njhy;iyf;F Ml;gLj;jpdhNyh mguhjj;Jld; $ba 5 Mz;L ; fLq;fhty; jz;lid 2. ghypay; njhlh;ghd nra;iffspy; xUthpd; tpUg;gj;jpw;F khwhf ghypay; hPjpahd glq;fisf; fhl;LtJ> ghypay; rhh;ej ; ,ul;il mh;jj ; trdq;fisg; NgRtJ Nghd;w Fw;wq;fSf;F Xuhz;L rpiwjz;lid kw;Wk; mguhjk;. gphpT 354 B – nghJ ,lq;fspy; ngz;fspd; Milfis ,Oj;jy; mguhjj;Jld; $ba %d;whz;L Kjy; Vohz;L tiuapyhd rpiwjz;lid gphpT 354 C – Voyeurism ngz;fspd; me;juq;f nray;ghLfis fs;sj;jdkhf glk; gpbg;gJ my;yJ ghh;gg ; J 1. Kjy; Kiwahf ,e;jf; Fw;wj;jpy;
jfty; mwpAk; chpikr;rl;lk; jfty; mwpAk; chpikr; rl;lj;jpypUe;J murpay; fl;rpfSf;F tpyf;F: jfty; mwpAk; chpikr;rl;l tuk;Gf;Fs; murpay; fl;rpfs; tuhj tifapy;> ,e;jr; rl;lj;jpy; jpUj;jk; nfhz;Ltu kj;jpa mikr;ruit xg;Gjy; mspj;Js;sJ.
jfty; mwpAk; chpikr; ; l;lk; chpikrr 12 mf;Nlhgh; 2005 Mk; Mz;L jfty; mwpAk; chpikr;rl;lk; fh~;ki P uj; jtpu midj;J ,e;jpa khepyq;fspYk; A+dpad; gpuNjrq;fspYk; mkYf;F te;jJ ,r;rl;lj;jpd;gb midj;J nghJj;Jiw mYtyfq;fs; murpd; epjpapd;fo P ; ,aq;Fk; mYtyfq;fs; kf;fspd; Nfhhpf;iffSf;F 30 ehl;fspy; tpsf;fk; ju Ntz;Lk;. rkPgj;jpy; Rg;hPk; Nfhh;l; murpay; fl;rpfSk; ,jw;Fs; mlq;Fk; vd;W jPh;gG ; ntspapl;lJ.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
110 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
RASHTRIYA BAL SWASTHYA KARYAKRAM UPA chairperson Sonia Gandhi on 6 February 2013 launched a new health initiative called Rashtriya Bal Sawsthya Karyakram at Palghar town in Thane district of Maharashtra. The Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram, is a part of the National Rural Health Mission of the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Aims at early detection and management of the 4Ds prevalent in children. These are Defects at Birth Diseases in Children Deficiency conditions Developmental Delays including Disabilities.
GEOGRAPHICAL LANDMARKS kPjN ; jd; thA ghjpgi ; g Muha epGzh; FO fhtphp nly;lh gFjpfspy; kPjN ; jd; cw;gj;jp nra;tjw;fhf kj;jpa muR tFj;Js;s jpl;lj;jpd; ghjpg;Gfis Muha epGzh; FO mikf;fg;gLk; vd;W Kjy;th; n[ayypjh mwptpj;Js;shh;. jQ;rhT+h; kw;Wk; jpUth&h; khtl;lq;fspy; 691 rJu fpNyh kPll ; h; gug;gstpy; cs;s epyf;fhpg; gLifahy; kPjN ; jd; thAg;gFjpapid MaT nra;J cw;gj;jp nra;tjw;fhf fpNul; <];lh;d; vdh;[p fhh;gg ; Nu~d; ypkpnll; vd;w jdpahh; epWtdj;Jf;F fle;j 2010 Mk; Mz;L kj;jpa muR Vyj;jpd; %yk; xJf;fL P nra;jJ. ,J njhlh;ghf me;j epWtdj;Jld; cw;gj;jp gfph;T xg;ge;jk; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e;jj; jpl;lj;jpd;gb> kPjN ; jd; cw;gj;jpf;fhd Ma;tpid njhlq;f VJthf ngl;Nuhypak; Ma;T chpkk; Nfhhp tpz;zg;gpj;jJ. Ma;T chpkj;ij ehd;F Mz;LfSf;F toq;Fk; cj;juT 2011-Mk; Mz;L gpwg;gpf;fg;gl;lJ.
UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE As of 2014, 1007 sites are listed: 779 cultural, 197 natural, and 31 mixed properties, in 161 states parties. By sites ranked by country, Italy is home to the greatest number of World Heritage Sites with 50 sites, followed by China (47), Spain (44), Germany (39) and France (39). Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List (32) APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
111 | P a g e
www.tnschools.co.in
Cultural Agra Fort (1983) Ajanta Caves (1983) Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (1989) Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park (2004) Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) (2004) Churches and Convents of Goa (1986) Elephanta Caves (1987) Ellora Caves (1983) Fatehpur Sikri (1986) Great Living Chola Temples (1987) Group of Monuments at Hampi (1986) Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram (1984) Group of Monuments at Pattadakal (1987) Hill Forts of Rajasthan (2013) Humayun's Tomb, Delhi (1993) Khajuraho Group of Monuments (1986) Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (2002) Mountain Railways of India (1999) Qutb Minar and its Monuments, Delhi (1993) Rani-ki-Vav (the Queen’s Stepwell) at Patan, Gujarat (2014) Red Fort Complex (2007) Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (2003) Sun Temple, Konârak (1984) Taj Mahal (1983) The Jantar Mantar, Jaipur (2010) Natural Great Himalayan National Park (2014) Kaziranga National Park (1985) Keoladeo National Park (1985) Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1985) Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (1988) Sundarbans National Park (1987) Western Ghats (2012)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
112 | P a g e
GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX REGISTRATION PROTECTION LAW FROM TAMILNADU
AND
A geographical indication (GI) is a name or sign used on certain products which corresponds to a specific geographical location or origin (e.g. a town, region, or country). India, as a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), enacted the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 has come into force with effect from 15 September 2003. In TamilNadu S.NO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.
GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION Salem Fabric Kancheepuram Silk Bhavani Jamakkalam Madurai Sungudi Coimbatore Wet Grinder Thanjavur Paintings Temple Jewellery of Nagercoil Thanjavur Art Plate E. I. Leather Salem Silk (Salem Venpattu) Kovai Cora Cotton Arani Silk Swamimalai Bronze Icons Eathomozhy Tall Coconut Thanjavur Doll Nilgiri(Orthodox) Logo Virupakshi Hill Banana Sirumalai Hill Banana Madurai Malli Pattamadai Pai (‘Pattamadai Mat’) Nachiarkoil Kuthuvilakku (‘Nachiarkoil Lamp’) Chettinad Kottan Toda Embroidery
TYPE Handicraft Handicraft Handicraft Handicraft Manufactured Handicraft Handicraft Handicraft Manufactured Handicraft Handicraft Handicraft Handicraft Agricultural Handicraft Agricultural Agricultural Agricultural Agricultural Handicraft Handicraft Handicraft Handicraft
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
113 | P a g e 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.
Thanjavur Veenai Salem Mango Tirunelveli Halwa Dindigul Lock Sivakasi Crackers Madurai Idly
Handicraft Agriculture Food Manufacturing Manufacturing Food
SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS HARASSMENT OF WOMEN AT WORKPLACE Rajya Sabha on 25 February 2013 approved the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Bill. The bill seeks protection for women in all type of organised, unorganized as well as Private Sectors, including the sexual harassment of domestic help as well as agricultural workers. The Bill was passed by Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament in September 2012.
kj;jpa rk;gsf;FO 1.
Kjy; rk;gsf;FO
2.
,uz;lhtJ rk;gsf;FO %d;whtJ rk;gsf;FO 1970 Kjy; 1973) uFgph; jah (Raghubir
3. 4. 5. 6. 7..
1946 (rPdpthr tujhr;rhhpahh; (Srinivasa Varadachariar) 1957 n[fd;dhj; jh]; (Jaganath Das)
Daya) ehd;fhtJ rk;gsf;FO 1983 gp.vd;.rpd;`hy; (P.N. Singhal) v];.uj;jpdNty; ghz;bad; Ie;jhtJ rk;gsf;FO 1994 (Ratnavel Pandian) MwhtJ rk;gsf;FO 2006 ePjpgjp gp.vd;.= fpU~;zd; (B.N. sri Krishnan) 2013 Kjy; 2016 mNrhf;Fkhh; khj;J}h; VohtJ rk;gsf;FO (Ashok kumar Mathur)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
114 | P a g e
INDIA’S GROWTH PROJECTED TO RISE TO 7.1% BY 2016-17 World banks Global Economic prospects (GEP) To rice to over 6% in fiscal 2014-15, increasing to 7.1 to fiscal 2016-17.
RAJASTHAN BANS FDI IN MULTI – BRAND RETAIL It was 2nd state after Delhi to withdraw approval for FDI in multi brand retail
TATA GROUP BRAND
INDIA’S
MOST
VALUABLE
World’s 500 most value brand by brand Finance Global 500 With a value of US $ 21.1 billion US based technology giant Apple has retain its top position – US $ 105 billion Samsung – US $ 79 billion Tata has retained its top place among Indian brands. Global ranking has also improved from 39th in 2013 to 34th now.
INDIA’S FIRST POST OFFICE SAVING BANK ATM INAUGURATED IN CHENNAI At Head post office in Thyagaraja Nagar
BILL GATES TOPS FORBES BILLIONAIRE LIST Forbes magazine’s annual billionaire list Includes 56 India based billionaires In India – Mukesh Ambani – 18.6 billion Bill Gates - $ 76 billion (1st) Mexicos telecommunication mogul carlos slim Helu - $ 72 billion (2nd)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
115 | P a g e
SBI LAUNCHES ‘SBI E-PAY’ TO FACILITATE ELECTRONIC TRANSACTION “SBI e pay” a payment aggregator service to facilitate electronic (eCommerce/m-commerce)transactions between merchants, customers and various financial institutions in the country India’s largest lender in the first bank in India to start its own online aggregator services
GUJARAT RANKED ECONOMIC FREEDOM
TOP STATE IN
The 2013 “Economic Freedom of the states of India (EFSI) report which was to authorised by Swaminathan S. Anklesaria Iyer. Laveesh Bhandari and Bibek Debroy Gujarat Index Score – 0.65 (Scale from 0 – 1.0) Tamil Nadu Index score - 0.54 among 20 largest states.
RBI’S FIRST BI-MONTHLY MONETARY POLICY STATEMENT 2014-2015 Reporate – 8.0% Cash Reserve Ratio – 4.0%
COMMITTEES 1 2 3 4 5
6
Vijay Kelkar Committee Justice Verma Committee G.Padmanabhan Committee Mukul Mudgal Committee Uday Kumar Committee Anil
for Fiscal Consolidation
to suggest ways to make rape laws stronger in the country to help Boast bank Finance for Exports to probe wal –Mart lobbying activities to act as singh window clearance for international and Domestic Film Projects. Swarup to re-start stalled projects
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
116 | P a g e
8
Committee K.M.chandrashekhar Committee Arvind Mayaram
9
Harshvardhan Patil
10
Virginius Xaxa
13
Justice Sodhi
7
to frame Rules for Foreign Investors Recommends rise in FDI limit in Various Sectors Agricultural marketing
To arises status of S.T. 75% of population 11 Narhiket Mor To frame vision for financial inclusion 12. Justice Rajana To deal with sexual Harassment Prakash Desai complaints
14 Arvind Mayaram 15 16
Justice Bilal Nazaki
Justice BN SriKrisha
17 18
Justice DK Jain
Justice JS Verma
Insider trading regulations SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations 1992 • FDI relaxation • to Define FDI and FII Functioning of Haj Committee • Telengana • Financial sector legislative reform commission: to get the need of unifying SEBI, IRDA, PPFRDA and FMC into a single regulator 20th Law commission of India Delhi Gangrape.Dead. was a part of the nine-judge bench in 1994 which gave the landmark verdict in the S R Bommai case relating to proclamation of President’s Rule under Article 356 of the Constitution in
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
117 | P a g e
Karnataka. Presidential rule can be invoked only after parliament approval.Chief Justice of India,he was also a former Chairman of National Human Rights Commission. and the 1st Chairperson of News Broadcasting Standards Authority. • IPL Spot fixing. Formed by SC • Walmart Lobbying, by Corporate Min.
19 Justice Mukul Mudgal 20 21 22
KK Vohra MBN Rao
By RBI for loan products For setting up All-women’s bank Parliamentary Standing Committee on Finance-Report on Guidelines of new banking licenses
Yashwant Sinha
rh;tNjr xypkg ; pf; fkplb ; (International Olympic Committee – IOC) Jtf;fpath;fs; ngah;
Jtf;fg;gl;l ehs; Jtf;fg;gl;l ,lk; Kjy; jiyth;
ngh;hp (Pierre) ghud; b nfsngh;bd; (Baron de Coubertin) 23 [_d; 1894 yhrdh (Lausanne)Rtpl;rh;yhe;J bkpl;bNah]; tpfhy]; 1894 – 1896 tiu
IOC jiyth;fs; fhy thpirg;gb ngah; gjtpf;fhyk;; ehL t.vz; 1. bkpl;bNah]; tpfhy]; 1894-1896 fphp]; 2. ngh;hp b nfsngh;bd; 1996-1925 gpuhd;]; 3. n`d;wp b ghypl; yhlh; 1925-1942 ngy;[pak; APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
118 | P a g e 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
rpf;gphpl; vl;];uhk; mthp gpuz;l[; ikf;Nfy; Nkhhp]; [hd; Mz;ldpNah rkhud;r; fTd; [hf;F]; Nuhf; jhk]; Ngr;
1946-1952 1952-1972 1972-1980 1980-2001 2001-2013 2013Kjy;
RtPld; mnkhpf;fh mah;yhe;J ];ngapd; ngy;[pak; n[h;kdp
NEW ECONOMIC POLICY AND GOVT. SECTOR kfhuj;dh kfhuj;dh me;j];J toq;Fk; Kiw 2009,y; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. nghJj;Jiw epWtdk; xd;W fPof ; f ; hZk; jFjpfisg; ngw;wpUe;jhy;> mjw;F kfhuj;dh me;j];J toq;fg;gLk;. etuj;dh me;j];ijg; ngw;w epWtdkhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. nrgp mikg;G tpjpKiwfspd; gb Fiwe;jgl;r gq;Ffis itj;jpUe;J> ,e;jpag; gq;F re;ijfs; gl;bayplg;gl;l epWtdkhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. fle;j %d;whz;Lfspy; epWtdj;jpd; tUlhe;jpu ruhrup tUtha; (Average Annual Turnover) 20000 Nfhbf;F Nky; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. fle;j %d;whz;Lfspy; epWtdj;jpd; tUlhe;jpa ruhrup epfu kjpg;G (Average Annual Net Worth) 10000 Nfhbf;F Nky; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. fle;j %d;whz;Lfspy; epWtdj;jpd; tUlhe;jpu ruhrup yhgk; (tupiaf; fopj;J) (Average Annual Profit After Tax) 2500 Nfhbf;F Nky; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ,e;jpahtpy; jw;nghOJ 7 epWtdq;fSf;F kfhuj;dh me;j];J toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Nfhy; ,e;jpah ypkpnll; ,e;jpad; Mapy; fhu;gg ; Nu~d; vd;.b.gp.rp. nrapy; gp.vr;.,.vy;. nfapy; x.vd;.[p.rp.
etuj;dh epWtdq;fs;: nghJj;Jiw epWtdq;fSf;F etuj;dh me;j];J toq;Fk; Kiw 1997,y; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. Kjypy; 9 nghJj;Jiw epWtdq;fSf;F ,e;j me;j];J toq;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. Nk 31> 2013 epytug;gb 14 nghJj;Jiw epWtdq;fSf;F etuj;dh me;j];J toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
119 | P a g e rkPgj;jpy; etuj;dh me;j];J ngw;w epWtdk; Mapy; ,e;jpah epWtdk; (2010). etuj;dh me;j];J ngw;w epWtdq;fspd; gl;bay; BPCL, HAL, HPCL, MTNL, NALCO, NMDC, NLC, OIL, PFCL, Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd., Rastriya Ispat Nigam Limited, Rural Electrification Corporation Ltd., Shipping Corporation of India Ltd.,
kpdpuj;dh me;j];J: nghJj;Jiw epWtdq;fspy; Nghl;bj; jpwid Nkk;gLj;jTk;> epu;thfk; kw;Wk; nray;ghl;Lj; jpwid mjpfupf;fTk; 2002Mk; Mz;L Kjy; kpdp uj;dh me;j];J toq;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ.
kpdpuj;dh – 1:
fle;j %d;W Mz;Lfspy; njhlu;eJ ; yhgj;jpy; ,aq;FtJ my;yJ fle;j %d;W Mz;Lfspy; VNjDk; Xu; Mz;by; 30 Nfhbf;Fk; Nkyhd epfuyhgj;ij ,uz;by; vJ Fiwthd kjpg;gN P lh mj;jifa kjpg;gl P b ; w;F ,izahd KjyPLfis me;epWtdq;fs; jd;dpr;irahf murpd; mDkjpapd;wp KjyPL nra;ayhk;. Nk 31> 2013 epytug;gb nkhj;jk; 53 epWtdq;fSf;F kpdpuj;dh 1 me;j];J toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. North Eastern Electric Power Corporation (NEEPCO) - epWtdk; rkPgj;jpy; kpdpuj;dh 1 me;j];ijg; ngw;wJ.
kpdpuj;dh – 2:
fle;j %d;W Mz;Lfspy; epWtdk; njhlu;eJ ; yhgj;jpy; ,aq;f Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; kpifahd epfu kjpg;G ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. kpdpuj;dh – 2 me;j];ji ; jg; ngw;w epWtdk; jdJ epfu kjpg;gpy; 50 rjtpfpjk; my;yJ 300 Nfhb ,uz;by; vJ rpwpa kjpg;Ngh me;j mstpw;fhd KjyPLfis ,e;epWtdq;fs; murpd; mDkjpapd;wp nray;gLj;j KbAk;. kpdpuj;dh – 2 me;j];J ngw;w epWtdq;fspd; vz;zpf;if 16 (Nk 31 2013 epytug;gb)
BHEL & GAIL f;F kfuj;dh me;j];J BHEL (Bhel Heavy Electricals Ltd), GAIL (Gas Authority of India Limited) Mfpa ,uz;L nghJj; Jiw epWtdq;fs; kfuj;dh me;j];ij ngw;wJ.
kfuj;dh me;j];jpd; gad;fs; kfuj;dh me;j];J ngw;w nghJj;Jiw epWtdq;fs; jdJ ,yhgj;jpy; &. 5000 Nfhb tiu murpd; (mDkjpapd;wp) cjtpapd;wp KjyPL nra;ayhk;. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
120 | P a g e rpy eph;thf Rje;jpuk; KjyPlL ; tiuaiwfis jsh;T nra;Ak;.
kfuj;dh ngw jFjpfs;: fle;j 3 tUlq;fspy; tpw;gid (Turn over) msT &. 25>000 Nfhbf;F Nky; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. fle;j 3 Mz;Lfspy; epfu yhgk; (Net Profit) &. 5000 Nfhbf;F Nky; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. fle;j 3 Mz;Lfspy; KjyPl;lhsh;fspd; gq;F (Net worth – share capital + Reserve + Profit & Loss) & 15>000 Nfhbf;F Nky; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
LATEST INVENTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY & DEFENCE Spiral galaxy IC.2233 – by NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope - one of the flattest galaxies - 40 m light years away from earth - discovered by British astronomer Isaac Roberts in 1894.
World’s largest solar telescope: - in Ladakh - 2m class - by Indian Institute of Astro physics – Bangalore - to study sun’s atmosphere. Lakshya Missile - India’s indigenously developed - Launched from Integrated Test Range – Odisha . - 25m in length - 100 km away from the target to the missile. “NGC – 6872”-Largest known Spiral Galaxy - term of astronomers from US, Chile & Brazil. - 5 times bigger than our own milkyway. - 212m light – years away in the southern constellation Pavo. - distance between NGC – 6872’s two huge spiral arms is 5,22,000 light years compared to about 1,00,000 light years APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
121 | P a g e
New molecule for cancer treatment - by Dr.Sathees C. Raghavan – IIS -1 bangalore - “Sathees as SCR7” World’s 1st Global Renewable Energy Atlas. - International Renewable energy agency – Abu Dhabi. - offers open – access information on scalar .A wind power throughout the world. - it includes information on clean energy resources in 37 countries. world’s largest offshore wind farm - by Japan.(shut down.54 nuclear reactors) - to replace Fukushima nuclear plant. INS Saryu inducted into Indian Navy - indigenous naval offshore patrol vessel - built by Goa shipyard limited. k-5 ballistic missile - medium range , ballistic missile - strike range of around 1500km from an underwater platform in Bay of Bengal. - developed by DRDO. “Rudra” inducted into the Army - 1st indigenously built weapon system integrated advanced light helicopter - by Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. “Rajratan”- Indian coast guard ship commission - On shore patrol vessels (indigenously) - built by garden reach shipbuilders and Engineers , Kolkota. - 50m long., maximum speed of 34 knots. Asteroid “2012 DA 14” passed very near to earth. PSLV-C 20 launched “SARAL” and 6 other satellite. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
122 | P a g e - Launched from satish Dawan space centre in sriharikota. - it was the 23rd mission of PSLV satellite for Argos3 & altika. - SARAL – studying the ocean from space. o information on seasonal fore casting o animal migration study o locating “buoys” and fishing vessels. o collecting environmental data such as ocean temperature profiles & currents. - UniBRITE & BRITE – from Austria. - AAUSAT-3 –Denmark / Argos – earth sea atmosphere - STRaND – U.K - NEOSSAT & SAPPHIRE(mini) – Canada - 1st space telescope (New earth space survellience satellite) - SARAL is the 56th satellite to be launched by PSLV. “Pinaka” Rockets (Indigenous) - a multi – barrel rocket launcher - base at chandipur on sea about 15 km from Balasore. - range – 40 km - it can fire 12 rockets in 44 seconds. Large meteorite found in Antarctica - 18 kg meteorite in eastern Antartica. - the largest found in that area in 25 years. - Japan has become the 1st country in the world to extract natural gas from frozen methane hydrate. o estimated around 1.1tn cubic meters in the offshore deposits. o equal to the gas consumption of japan in more than 10 years. World’s largest radio telescope in chile. - radio telescope in Alta cama desert. UAE inaugurated world’s largest CSP solar power plant. - 100 megawatt solar plant “ shams 1” - in desert of abhu Dhabi. - covering area of 2.5 sq.km APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
123 | P a g e India successfully test fired world’s 1st underwater supersonic cruise missile - submarine – launched version of Brahmos supersonic cruise missile - 290km range in the Bay of Bengal - from coast of southern port of Visakhapatnam. NTPC commissioned New Solar power project in Andaman & Nicobar. - 5MW solar photo – voltaic power project at port Blair. - 1st grid – connected solar pfoto – voltaic project. - 1st green field renewable solar PV project of NTPC. New Indian ship “ASWC Kiltan “ launched in Kolkata. - “INS Kiltan” is an anti – submarine warfare corvelte. - built by the garden reach ship builders and engineers , Kolkata. - it takes its name from the kiltan island. a coral island that is part of India’s archipelagic of Lakshadweep. World’s 1st solar plane to fly across US. Indian Astonomer discovered Blue super Giant star. - Dr.Duo Ananda Hota & taivenese colleague Dr. Youichi Obyama. - located in the constellation virgo. - This star is in small IC 3418 milky way galaxy - about 5.5 billion light years away from earth. China Tested Self developed biofuel flight. - Biofuel made from palm oil & recycled cooking oil. - Airbus A320 – operated by china eastern airlines - landed at shanghai hongqiao International airport – 85 minutes Journey. - produced by Sinopec – leading oil refiner. - 4th country after US, France, Finland. Ratavirus vaccine developed in India. - to eradicate the rotavirus diarrhea in infants. - by department of biotechnology & Bharat Biotechnology. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
124 | P a g e
Pilatus PC-7 MK-II - Basic Trainer Aircraft Japan Unveiled 500 kmph Bullet Train - between Tokyo and Nagoya in 2027. - it will links 2 cities in 40 minutes. - the Early Tsunami warning system installed at Rangachang in Andaman and Nicobar islands. can alert in 3 minutes – Indian National centre for ocean information services – Hyderabad. IAF gets “C-17 Globe master – III” Airlifters. - it purchased from the US - agreement signed with US in 2011. China Super Computer – “Tianhe -2” named world’s fastest computer. - developed by University of Defence technology china. - speed 54.9 quadrillion operations per second - it means milky way -2 - it replaced US machine called “Titan” which was earlier said to be the fastest computer of the world. Japan to send “Kirobo”; The Talking robot into space. - humanoid robot named “Kirobo” - world’s first communication experiments between a human and a robot in space. - developed by Toyota motor corporation, the University of Tokyo & venture firm Robo Garage. - 13 inches tall & weighing 2.2 Pounds. - it will launch aboard an H-11B rocket. NASA’s launched “IRIS” Spaceraft. - Interface region imaging spectrograph space craft from Vandenberg Air force base, California. - to study the solar atmosphere.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
125 | P a g e ISRO – PSLV C-22 - IRNSS – 1A – navigation satellite. - 23rd consecutively successful mission of PSLV. - Height – 44m - weight – 320 tonnes - satellite weight – 1425 kg World’s 1st “ Human Liver” created from Stem Cells. - Japenese scientists – Takanori takebe & Hideki Taniguchi at yokohama city university. - generation of Vascularised and functional human liver from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPScs) by transplantation of in vitogrown liver buds( rudimentary liver). U.K Inaugurates world’s largest off shore wind farm. “Joint Sea – 2013” Naval Drills - between China & Russia navel forces.
Neptune’s 14th moon discovered. - NASA - is designated S/2004 N1. world’s largest virus discovered by French researches. - French National Centre for Scientific research Scientists. - 1 Micrometre big upto ten times the size of other viruses,(Ten years back these scientists found a new virus “mimi viruses”. - the size of each virus must be 2500 genes. - 93% of genes in the virus new for the world. - named “Pandoraviruses”. Advanced weather Satellite “INSAT – 3D” - launched from Kourou in French Guiana using European launch vehicle, Ariane -5. - also launched “ Alphasat” – Europe’s largest telecommunication satellite. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
126 | P a g e - it will give a push to the weather forecasting as well as help in facillitaing disaster warning services. - Tat motors limited (TML) & ISRO developed the 1st hydrogen – powered automobile bus of India. GSLV D5 Expansion: Geosynchronous satellite launch vehicle-D5 Flight : D5 Launched date: 19 – August – 2013 Variant : Mk II • This variant uses an Indian cryogenic engine and is capable of launching 2500 kg into geostationary transfer orbit. Previous GSLV vehicles (GSLV Mk.I) have used Russian cryogenic engines Launch pad : Second Payload: GSAT – 14 Payload Mass: 1980kg • Second flight of GSLV with indigenous cryogenic upper stage (CUS) developed by ISRO’s Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) at Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. • All GSLV launches have been conducted from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota. IRNSS-1A: INDIA’S FIRST EVER DEDICATED NAVIGATION SATELLITE In a landmark journey into a new era of space application, India successfully launched its first dedicated navigation satellite, IRNSS1A, using the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle on the night of 1-2 July, 2013. The launch vehicle, PSLV-C22, bearing the 1,425-kg navigation satellite, blasted off the launch pad at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota at the scheduled lift-off time of 11.41 p.m. on 1st July, 2013. About 20 minutes after the lift-off at 12.01 a.m. (2nd July, 2013), the PSLV-C22 completed its task of injecting the IRNSS-1A into a sub geosynchronous transfer orbit with a 284-km perigee(nearest point to the Earth) and 20,650 km apogee (farthest point from the Earth) with an inclination of 17.86 degree with respect to the equatorial plane.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
127 | P a g e It was the first time in the history of ISRO that a satellite was launched in the night and mission literally took two days — Monday and Tuesday.
,e;jpa flw;gil gad;ghl;bw;fhf [prhl; - 7 nraw;iff;Nfhs; gpnuQ;R fadhtpy; cs;s VTjsj;jpy; ,Ue;J ,e;jpa flw;gil gad;ghl;bw;fhf gpuj;jpNafkhf tbtikf;fg;gl;l [prhl; 7 nraw;iff;Nfhs; Vhpahd; - 5 vd;w uhf;nfl;by; ntw;wpfukhf tpz;zpy; nrYj;jg;gl;lJ. ,e;jpa flw;gilia etPdkhf;Fk; tifapy; flw;gug;G kw;Wk; epyg;gug;igAk; fz;fhzpf;Fk; tifapYk; jfty; njhlh;Gf;fhfTk; ‘,];Nuh’ gpuj;jpNafkhf [prhl; - 7 vd;w nraw;ifNfhis tbtikj;jJ. ,e;j nraw;ifNfhs; A+.vr;.vg;. v];.rp. kw;Wk; fpA+ghz;l; Mfpa miythpirfis nfhz;ljhFk;.
tpkhdk; jhq;fp Nghh; ; g;gy; Nghh;ff tpf;uhe;j’; njhlf;f tpoh
‘I.vd;.v];.
cs;ehl;bNyNa jahhpf;fg;gl;l Kjy; tpkhdk; jhq;fp Nghh;ff ; g;gy; I.vd;.v];. tpf;uhe;j; nfhr;rpapy; Kiwg;gb ehl;bw;F mh;gg ; zk; nra;ag;gl;lJ.
mnkhpff ; h xj;jpif
-
,];Nuy;
$l;lhf
VTfiz
kj;jpaj;jiuf;fly; gFjpapy; mnkhpf;f ghJfhg;G JiwAld; ,ize;J ,];Nuy; ghJfhg;G mikr;rfk; $l;lhf VTfiz Nrhjid elj;jpAs;sJ. ‘];NghNuh’ VTfiz ntw;wpfukhf Nrhjpj;Jk; ghh;ff ; g;gl;lJ. rphpahit mr;RWj;Jk; tpjkhf> mnkhpf;fhTk;> ,];NuYk; jq;fsJ uhZt gyj;ij giwrhw;Wk; tifapy; ,e;j VTfiz xj;jpifapy;
gpv];vy;tp vjpuf ; hyk; hyk; 1 gpv];vy;tp HP – C 22 - [_d; 2013 – IRNSS - 1 (1380 fpNyh) IRNSS : ,];Nuhthy; Vtg;glTs;s %d;W ,e;jpag; gpuhe;jpa NetpNf~dy; nraw;iff; Nfhs; tupirapy; Vtg;gLk; Kjy; nraw;iff; Nfhs; ,JthFk;. ,J NetpNf~d; gad;ghl;bw;fhf Gtpepiy Rw;Wg;ghijapy; epiy epWj;jg;gLk;. gad; : ,e;jpahtpd; Igpv]; Nritia toq;fTk; ,e;jpa ghJfhg;Gf;Fupa fz;fhzpg;G gad;ghl;il toq;fTk; cjTk;. 2 gpv];vy;tp XL – C 25 - 25 mf;Nlhgu; 2013 (kq;fs;ahd;) APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
128 | P a g e
nrt;tha; fpufj;Jf;F nraw;iff;Nfhs; mDg;g ,yf;F kPjN ; jd; thAitf; fz;lwpAk; fUtp kw;Wk; “njh;ky; ];ngf;NlNuh kPll ; h;” fUtpia nraw;iff;NfhSld; mDg;GfpNwhk;. ,jd; %yk; mjpf jftiy Nrfhpf;f KbAk;. Nghyhh; nraw;iff;Nfhis VTk; uhf;nfl; (gp.v];.vy;.tp.vf;].; vy;) %yk; ,e;j nraw;iff;Nfhs; Vtg;gLfpwJ. 15 fpNyh vilAs;s mwptpay; Nrhjid fUtpfs; mjpy; nghUj;jg;gLfpwJ. NkYk; nrt;tha; fpufj;ij Ma;T nra;a 5 tifahd fUtpfs; mDg;gg;gLfpd;wd. etk;gh; khjk; ,e;j nraw;iff;Nfhis Rke;J nry;Yk; uhf;nfl; G+kpapy; ,Ue;J Gwg;gl;l gpwF jhdpaq;fp topfhl;b %yk; 10 khjq;fs; gazpj;J 2014-k; Mz;L nrg;lk;gh; khjk; nrt;tha; fpufj;ij milAk;. ,e;j jpl;lj;jpd; kjpg;g &. 45 Nfhb MFk;. MwhtJ ehL ,e;jpah 1. mnkhpf;fh 2. u~pah 3. INuhg;gh 4. [g;ghd; 5. rPdh 6. ,e;jpah ,e;j nraw;iff; Nfhis mDg;gp mjd; %yk; ,e;jpahtpd; njhopy;El;g jpwd; ntsp cyFf;Fj; njhpatUk;.
ntw;wpfukhf tpzz ; py; gha;ej ; J ,d;rhl; - 3b thdpiy Ma;Tf;fhd ,e;jpahtpd; 2-tJ nraw;iff;Nfhs; ,d;rhl; - 3b> njd; mnkhpf;fhtpd; gpnuQ;r; fahdhtpy; ,Ue;J ntw;wpfukhf tpz;zpy; Vtg;gl;lJ. ,e;jpa tpz;ntsp Ma;T ikak; (,];Nuh) ,e;jpahtpy; nraw;iff; Nfhs;fisAk;> uhf;nfl;LfisAk; ,e;jpa tpz;ntsp Ma;T epWtdk; (,];Nuh) tbtikj;J jahhpj;J tpz;zpy; ntw;wpfukhf Vtp tUfpwJ. cs;ehl;Lf;F kl;Lkpd;wp mt;tg;NghJ ntsp ehLfSf;Fj; Njitahd nraw;i ; ff; Nfhs;fis jahhpj;Jf; nfhLg;gJld; ntspehl;L nraw;iff; Nfhs;fis ,q;F jahhpf;fg;gl;l uhf;nfl;Lfs; %yk; VTk; gzpiaAk; Nkw;nfhz;L tUfpwJ. fle;j 1975 Mk; Mz;L tpz;ntsp njhopy; El;gj;jpy; fhy;gjpf;f Muk;gpj;j ,e;jpah> Mhpa gl;lh> gh];fuh njhlq;fp mDrhl;> ];Ll; rhl;> [_f;D vd khzth; nraw;iff; Nfhs; tiu 70f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l nraw;iff; Nfhs;fis tpz;zpy; nrYj;jpapUf;fpwJ. v];.vy;.tp> gp.v];.vy;.tp> [p.v];.vy;.tp uf uhf;nfl;Lfisg; gad;gLj;jp mit tpz;zpy; nrYj;jg;gl;ld. epWtpaJ - Mf];l; 15 1969 (44 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dh;) jiyikafk; - md;jhp~; gtd;> epA+ngy; Nuhl;> ngq;f@U> ,e;jpah Kjd;ik - rjP~j ; htd; tpz;ntsp ikak; tpz;ntsp epiyak; Nkyhsh; - Nf. ,uhjhfpU~;zd; (jiyth;)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
129 | P a g e
kq;fs;ahd; tpzf ; yk;: mnkhpf;fh> u~;ah> INuhg;gpa tpz;ntsp Kfik Mfpait kl;LNk nrt;tha; fpufj;Jf;F tpz;fyj;ij ntw;wpfukhf mDg;gpapUf;fpd;wd. rPdh> [g;ghd; Mfpa ehLfspd; jpl;lk; Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;jJ. ,e;j epiyapy; nrt;tha; fpufj;Jf;F tpz;fyk; (kq;fs;ahd;) mDg;Gk; jpl;lj;ij ,];Nuh cUthf;fpaJ. kdpjh;fs; caph; thoj; Njitahd kPjN ; jd; thA nrt;tha; fpufj;jpy; cs;sdh vd;gij Muha;tJjhd; ,e;jj; jpl;lj;jpd; Kf;fpa Nehf;fk;. ,e;j tpz;fyj;jpd; nkhj;j vil 1>350 fpNyh MFk;. G+kpapypUe;J Rkhh; 300 ehl;fspy; 44 Nfhb fpNyh kPll ; h;fs; gazpj;J nrt;tha; fpufj;Jf;F mUfpy; 2014Mk; Mz;L nrg;lk;gh; khjj;jpy; ,e;j tpz;fyk; nry;Yk;. nrt;tha; fpufj;Jf;F mUfpy; (Perigee) 300 fpNyh kPl;lUk;> njhiytpy; (Apogee) 80 Mapuk; fpNyh kPll ; Uk; nfhz;l ePst ; l;lg; ghijapy; tpz;fyk; gazpj;J nrt;tha; fpufj;jpy; Ma;Tfs; Nkw;nfhs;Sk;. ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; Ntw;W fpuf Ma;Tj; jpl;lkhd kq;fs;ahd; tpz;fyk; nrt;tha; fpufj;Jf;F ntw;wpfukhf nrYj;jg;gl;lhy; mnkhpf;fh> u~;ah INuhg;gpa A+dpad; ehLfspd; thpirapy; ,e;jpahTk; ,lk;ngWk;.
INAS 322 (DRUV) ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; etPd vil Fiwe;j n`ypfhg;lh;fs; (Helicopter squadron) nfhr;rpapy; ,e;jpa flw;gilf;F toq;fg;gl;lJ. JUt; (Druv) vd ngahplg;gl;l ,e;j etPd uf n`ypfhg;lh;fs; NjLjy; kw;Wk; kPlG ; g; gzpfSf;fhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gl cs;sJ. NkYk; 16 JUt; uf n`ypfhg;lh;fis yl;rjPg>; me;jkhd;> fhh;thj; kw;Wk; Nfhth Mfpa flw;gilfSf;F toq;fj; jpl;lkplg;gl;Ls;sJ.
INS Rdd;ah: ,e;jpa flw;gil “INS Rdd;ah” vd;w Nuhe;Jf; fg;giy flw;gFjpf;fhd fz;fhzpg;G gzpapy; epakpj;Js;sJ. ,e;jpa ngUq;flw; gFjpapd; CLUty; kw;Wk; flj;jiy ghJfhg;gpid cWjp nra;tNj ,j;jpl;lj;jpd; Fwpf;NfhshFk;.
njw;F jLj;J
NEUTRINO OBSERVATORY IN TAMILNADU jkpo;ehL Njdp khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s nghl;bGuk; fpuhkj;jpy; “,e;jpah rhh;ej ; epa+l;hpNdh Ma;Tf;$lk;” mikf;fg;gl cs;sJ. nghl;bGuk; fpuhk; Nghb Nkw;F Fd;wpy; mike;Js;Sj INO xU Jfs; ,aw;gpay; Muha;rr ; p jpl;lk; thd;ntsp epa+l;hpNdh Fwpj;J 1300 kPll ; h; Mok; cs;s Fifapy; Muha;rr ; p nra;tjhFk;. ,e;jpahtpd; kpfg;nghpa Jfs; ,aw;gpay; Muha;rr ; p jpl;lk; 2015Mk; Mz;L epiwtilAk; ,j;jpl;lk; epiwNtw;wg;gLk; NghJ cyfj;jpd; kpfg;nghpa fhe;jk; mikag;ngw;wjhf “,e;jpah rhh;ej ; epa+l;hpNdh Ma;Tf;$lk;” ,Uf;Fk; APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
130 | P a g e
caph; njhopyE ; l;gk; ngq;f@hpy; cs;s ,e;jpa mwptpay; fofj;jpd; lhf;lh; rjP~; rp. uhkd; jiyikapyhd FO> Gw;WNehiaf; Fzg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd Gjpa %yf;$W xd;wpid fz;Lgpbj;Js;sJ. rjP~; v];rpMh; & 7 vd ngahplg;gl;Ls;s ,e;j %yf;$W> Gw;WNeha;ff ; ,g;NghJ mspf;fg;gl;LtUk; rpfpr;irapy; nghpa mstpyhd Gul;rpia Vw;gLj;Jk; vd tpQ;Qhdpfs; fUJfpd;wdh;. gp.v];.vy;.tp. rp 20 – rus; cs;spl;l VO nraw;iff; NfhSld; ntw;wpfukhf Vtg;gl;lJ (25.2.2013) fly; kw;Wk; tspkz;ly Ma;TfSf;fhf ,e;jpah – gpuhd;]; $l;L Kaw;rpapy; cUthd rus; nraw;iff; Nfhs; kw;Wk; ntspehl;ilr; Nru;ej ; 6 FW rpW nraw;iff; Nfhs;fs; Kjypa 7 nraw;iff; Nfhs;fs; ,];Nuh epWtdj;jpd; gpv];vy;tp rp-20 uhf;nfl; %yk; gpg;utup 25> 2013 md;W ntw;wpfukhf tpz;zpy; nrYj;jg;gl;lJ. Me;jpuh khepyk; =`upNfhl;lhtpy; mike;Js;s rjp~;jthd; tpz;ntsp ikaj;jpd; Kjy; VTjsj;jpy; ,Ue;J Vtg;gl;l ,J gpv];vy;tp uhf;nfl;bd; njhlu; ntw;wp tupirapy; 22tJ ntw;wpfukhd gazkhFk;. 1993 nrg;lk;gu; 20y; Kjd;Kiwahf mDg;gg;gl;l IMu;v];-1, vDk; nraw;iff; Nfhis Rke;jgb nrd;w gpv];vy;tp – 4 uhf;nfl; kl;Lk; Njhy;tpapy; Kbe;jJ.
nuf;]; cyfpd; kpdd ; Ztpay; kdpjd;
Kjy;
KO
capu;
gpupl;ld; ehl;ilr; Nru;ej ; upr;ru;L thf;fu; kw;Wk; Nkj;a+ Nfhld; Mfpa ,uz;L tpQ;Qhdpfspd; jiyikapyhd FO cyfpd; Kjy; KOikahd capu; kpd;dZtpay; kdpjid cUthf;fpAs;sdu;. (World First Complete Bionic Man). nuf;]; vdg; ngauplg;gl;Ls;s ,e;j kdpjd; 6.5 mb cauj;jpy; gOg;G epwf;fz;fSld; $ba Kfj;ijf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. Kfj;ijj; jtpu kw;w cWg;Gfs; iffs;> fhy;fs;> fZf;fhy;fs;> cs;SWg;Gf;fshd EiuaPuy;> fizak;> gpj;jePug ; i ; g Mfpad nraw;ifahf nghUj;jg;gl;L kpd;dZ njhopy;El;gj;jpd; %yk; ,aq;Fk; tifapy; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,yz;ld; mwptpay; mUq;fhl;rpafj;jpy; ghu;itf;F itf;fg;gl;l ,e;j capup kpd;dZ kdpjid cUthf;Ftjw;fhd nkhj;j nryT 1 kpy;ypad; mnkupf;f lhyu;fs; MFk;.
u~;ahtpd; caphp nrYj;jpaJ
nraw;iff;
Nfhs;
tpzz ; py;
u~;ahtpd; tpz;ntsp Ma;T ikak; “Mh;gpl;ly; Nehth Mh;f”; (Orbital Noah Ark) vDk; caphp nra;wi ; ff; Nfhis tpz;zpy; nrYj;jpaJ. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
131 | P a g e f[f];jhd; ehl;by; cs;s igf;fhD}h; VTjsj;jpypUe;J NrhA];-2 vDk; uhf;nfl; %yk; Vtg;gl;l ,e;j Nehth Mh;f; caphp nraw;iff;NfhSld;> BION –M1 vDk; caphpapy; Muha;rr ; p ngl;lfKk; ,izj;J mDg;gg;gl;lJ. tpz;ntspapy; epfOk; caphpay; khw;wq;fis Muha;tjw;fhf ,g;ngl;lfj;jpy;> 45 Rz;nlypfs;> 8 kq;Nfhypa ghiytd vypfs;> 15 gy;ypfs;> ee;ijfs;> kPd; Kl;ilfs;> nrb nfhbfs; kw;Wk; Ez;Zaph;fisAk; ,izj;J mDg;gg;gl;Ls;sJ.
epytp ytpy; jz;zh P ; ,Ug;gij ‘ehrh’ fz;Lgpbj;jJ epytpy; jz;zhP ; ,Ug;gij ‘re;jpuhad;’ jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; ‘ehrh’ fz;Lgpbj;jJ. fle;j 2009-k; Mz;L ‘re;jpuhad; - 1 jpl;lk;’ ntw;wpfukhf epiwNtw;wg;gl;lJ. me;j tpz;fyj;jpy;> %d; kpduyh[p Nkg;gh; (vk;3) vd;w rhjdk; nghUj;jg;gl;bUe;jJ. me;j glj;jpd; cjtpahy;> epytpy; jz;zhP ; ,Ug;gij fz;Lgpbj;jhf mnkhpf;f tpz;ntsp Muha;rr ; p epwtdkhd ‘ehrh’ njhptpj;Js;sJ. re;jpudpd; G+kj;jpaNuif mUNf gy;ypay;l] ; ; vd;w gs;sk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. me;j gs;sj;jpd; ikag;gFjpapy; fzprkhd mst i`l;uhf;rp]; ,Ug;gij fz;lwpe;Js;sdh;. ,jd; %yk;> me;j gs;sj;jpy; cs;s ghiwfspy; jz;zhP ; ,Ug;gij fz;Lgpbj;Js;sdh;.
,e;jpah - Neghsk; ,uhZtg;gapwr ; p
ehLfSf;fpilNa
$l;L
,e;jpah kw;Wk; Neghsk; ,ize;J vf;]; #h;ah fpuz;lh; py;]; - IV (Ex Surya Kiran Drills VI) $l;L ,uhZtg; gapw;rp mikf;f cs;sJ. Ughz;b`p (Rupandehi) khtl;lj;jpYs;s ry;[`z;b (Salijhandi) vd;Dk; ,lj;jpy; ,uhZtg;gapw;rp mspf;f cs;sJ. ,jw;FKd;G 2013y; cj;jufhz;l; khepyj;jpy; cs;s gpj;Njhu`hh;f; (Pithoragarh) khtl;lj;jpy; #h;ah fpuz; - V (Surya Kiran Drills V) ,uhZtg; ga;wprp eilngw;wJ. ngah; vz; 1. Nghy;l; FUN~j;uh (Bold Kurukshetra)) 2. fhh;l; rf;jp flw;gil (Guard ( Sakthi) 3. rj;U[Pj;
ehLfs; ,e;jpah rpq;fg;G+h;
gphpT – uhZtk;
,e;jpah ,e;NjhNd
-
,e;jpah mnkhpf;fh
– uhZtk;
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
132 | P a g e
4. 5
(Shatrujeet) tUzh (Varma) ) ( ,e;jpuh (INdra) (
,e;jpah-gpuhd;]; flw;gil ,e;jpah – flw;gil u~;ah
Gjpa flw;gil jiyik jiyik jsgjpahf uhgpd; Nf. Njhtd; nghWg;Ngw;G:
ml;kpuy;
flw;gilapd; Gjpa jsgjpahf ml;kpuy; uhgpd; Njhtd; nghWg;Ngw;whh;. 59 tajhFk; uhgpd; Njhtd; ehl;bd; 22 MtJ flw;gilj; jsgjp Mthh;. mth; tUk; 2016 Mk; Mz;L Nk khjk; tiu flw;gilj; jsgjpahfg; gjtp tfpg;ghh;. flw;gilapy; njhlh;eJ ; tpgj;Jf;fs; epfo;ej ; jd; vjpnuhypahf flw;gilj; jsgjpahf ,Ue;j b.N[. N[h~p fle;j gpg;uthp 26 Mk; Njjp gjtp tpyfpdhh;. ,jidaLj;J Jizj; jiyikj; jsgjpahf ,Ue;j uhgpd; Njhtd; nghWg;G jiyikj; jsgjpahfg; nghWg;Ngw;whh;.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
,e;jpaf; flw;gilapd; ilapd; Kf;fpa eltbf;iffs; (Operations) ( Mg;gNu~d; tp[a; NfhthTf;F vjpuhf gilnaLg;G - 1961 (Viljay) Mg;gNu~d; l;iunld;l; ghfp];jhDf;nfjpuhf gilnaLg;g – 1971 (Trident) Mg;gNu~d; igjd; fpof;fpe;jpag; ghfp];jhDf;F vjpuhf – 1971 (Python)) Mg;gNu~d; fhf;l]; 1988Mk; Mz;L khyj;jt P py; muRf;F vjpuhd fpsh;rr ; pahsh;fis xLf;fpajw;fhd (Cactus) ,e;jpaf; flw;gilapd; eltbf;if Mg;gNu~d; R$d; 2006y; ,];Nuy; - nygdhd; rz;ilapd; NghJ ,yq;iftho;kf;fs; Neghs kf;fs;> (Sukoon)) ,e;jpah;fs; Nghhpy; rpjpykile;jth;fis nygdhd; ehl;bypUe;J ,e;jpaf; flw;gil fhg;ghw;wpaJ. ,tw;iw mikjp kw;Wk; rhe;jk; vd;Dk; ngahpy; Mg;gNu~d; R$d; vd;wJ.
gpUj;tp – 2 kw;Wk; gpuk;Nkh]; VTfiz Nrhjidfs; ntw;wp 500 fpNyh mZ MAjk; jhq;fpr; nrd;W 350 fp.kP tiuapyhd ,yf;ifj; jhf;Fk; rf;jp nfhz;l gpUj;tp – 2 VTfiz xbrh khepyk; re;jpg;G+h; VTjsj;jpy; ,Ue;J ntw;wpfukhf Nrhjid nra;ag;gl;lJ. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
133 | P a g e filrpahf gpUj;tp – 2 VTfiz Nrhjpf;fg;gl;lJ. [dthp – 2014 mf;Nlhgh; - 2013 Mf];l; - 2013 xypiatpl Ntfkhf> 290 fp.kP tiu nrd;W jhf;ff;$ba gpuNkh]; VTfizapd; Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;l ufj;ij uh[];jhd; khepyk; nghf;uhdpy; ,uhZtk; ntw;wpfukhf Nrhjid nra;jJ.
DEFENCE, NATIONAL SECURITY AND TERRORISM JOINT MILITARY EXERCISES INDIA AND U.S.: India and U.S. have joint military exercises in all forms.. • Malabar: It is Naval exercise takes place in India and U.S. alternatively • Yudh Abhyas: It is Army exercise takes place in India alternatively • Red flag: It is Air Force exercise takes place in only in Nevada Desert of U.S. • Cope: Its Army exercise in U.S INDIA FRANCE: • VARUNA: Joint exercise in Air Force INDIA AND U.K. • GARUDA: Air Force INDIA AND MALDIVES • EKUVERIN: IN all forms but mostly in Army INDIA AND MANGOLIA • NOMADIC ELEPHANT: Mostly in Army INDIA AND CHINA • HAND IN HAND: In all forms INDIA AND SRI LANKA • SLINEX: Joint exercise in Navy
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
134 | P a g e INDIA AND SOUTH EAST ASIA (ESPECIALLY SINGAPORE) • SIMBEX: Joint exercise in Navy INDIA AND THAILAND • Maitree: focus being on counter-insurgency operations in urban and rural terrain INDIA and RUSSIA -- INDRA 2012 - anti terrorism activity
INS SINDHURAKSHAK TRAGEDY
INS Sindhurakshak was a Russian-made Kilo-class diesel-electric submarine of the Indian Navy. Commissioned on 24 December 1997, it was the ninth of the ten Kiloclass submarines in the Indian Navy. The submarine suffered a minor fire incident in 2010 and a major one on 14 August 2013, which resulted in its sinking at Mumbai’s naval dockyard. At the time of its sinking, there were reportedly 18 crew members on board and all are feared dead. Of the 18 crew members inside at the time of explosion, three were three officers and 15 sailors. The severely disfigured bodies of five sailors were recovered on 16th August, 2013 from the submarine. Another submarine, which was docked next to INS Sindhurakshak, also caught fire from the radiation of the explosion.
INS ARIHANT Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh launched India’s first indigenously-built nuclear powered submarine INS Arihant. On July 26, 2009, at ship building centre of the Eastern Naval Command, Viskhapatanam, becoming only the sixth country in the world to do so. Three submarines of the class are expected to be in commission with the Indian Navy by 2015. INS Arihant is entirely built in India with Russian assistance.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
135 | P a g e
ASTRA MISSILE Astra is an active radar homing beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile (BVRAAM) developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), India. Astra is designed to be capable of engaging targets at varying range and altitudes allowing for engagement of both short-range targets (up to 20 km) and long-range targets (up to 80 km) using alternative propulsion modes. As of May 2011, the missile is undergoing developmental trials Weight – 154Kg Length – 3570mm Diameter – 178mm Warhead – 15kg (33lb) HE Fragmentation directional warhead Operational Range- 80-110km m];jpuh Nk 21> 2011y; xhprh khepyk; ghy#hpy; cs;s re;jpg+h; VTjsj;jpypUe;J ,e;j m];jpuh VTfiz ntw;wpfukhf Nrhjid nra;ag;gl;lJ ,e;j VTfiz %yk; xypiatpl Ntfkhf nry;Yk; vjphpfs; tpkhdj;ij $l jhf;fp mopf;f KbAk; vjphp tpkhdj;ij NeUf;F Neuhf my;yJ Juj;jp jhf;fp mopf;f ,e;j VTfiz rf;jp ngw;Ws;sJ ePsk;: 3.8 kPll ; h; / vil 160 fpNyh 15 fpNyh vil nfhz;l ntbnghUis jhq;fpr; nry;Yk; ty;yik nfhz;lJ 15 fp.kP cauj;jpypUe;J ,e;j VTfiz nrYj;jg;gLk; nghOJ 110 fp.kP J}uj;jpy; cs;s ,yf;if jhf;fp mopf;Fk; jpwd; cilaJ flypypUe;J ,e;j VTfiziar; nrYj;Jk; gl;rj;jpy; 44 fp.kP. J}uj;jpy; cs;s ,yf;if jhf;fp mopf;fty;yJ.
AGNI MISSILE The Agni Missile is a family of medium to intercontinental range ballistic missiles developed by India, named after one of the five elements of nature. The first missile of the series, Agni-I was developed under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program and tested in 1991. After its success, Agni missile program was separated from the IGMDP upon realizing its strategic importance. It was designated as a special program in India's defence budget and provided adequate funds for subsequent development. As of 2008, the APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
136 | P a g e Agni missile family comprises three deployed variants while two more variants are under testing: Agni missile range Name Type Range Agni-I MRBM 700 – 1,250 km Agni-II IRBM 2,000 – 3,000 km Agni-III IRBM 3,500 – 5,000 km Agni-IV IRBM 3,000 – 4,000 km Agni-V ICBM 5,000 – 8,000 km Agni-VI ICBM 8,000 – 10,000 km Agni – I Type: Medium Range Intermediate Range Weight: 12000kg Length: 15m Diameter: 1.0m Engine: single stage Agni – II Type: Intermediate-range ballistic missile Weight: 16,000 kg Length: 21 m Diameter: 1.0m Engine: Two-and-half-stage Agni – III Type: Intermediate-range ballistic missile Weight: 48,000 kg Length: 17 m Diameter: 2.0m Engine: Two stage solid propellant engine Agni – IV Type: Intermediate-range ballistic missile Length: 17 m Diameter: 2.0m Engine: Two stage solid propellant engine APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
137 | P a g e Agni – V Type: Intermediate-range ballistic missile Weight: 50,000 kg Length: 17 .5 m Diameter: 2.0m Engine: Three stage solid fuel mf;dp -5 VTfiz ,uz;lhtJ Nrhjid ntw;wp Rkhh; 5 Mapuk fp.kP njhiytpYs;s ,yf;if Jy;ypakhf jhf;ff;$ba jpwd; gilj;j mf;dp-5 fz;lk; tpl;L fz;lk; ghAk; VTfiz ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahf ntw;wpfukhf Nrhjid nra;J ghh;ff ; g;gl;lJ. b.Mh;.b.X. tbtikj;Js;s ,e;j VTfizahdJ> fle;j Mz;L Vg;uypy; Kjypy; Nrhjid nra;ag;gl;lJ. ,g;NghJ ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahf Nrhjid nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. mf;dp VTfiz thpirapy; mf;dp – 1 MdJ 700 fp.kP J}uj;jpw;Fk;> mf;dp – 2 MdJ 2 Mapuk; fp.kP J}uj;jpw;Fk; mf;dp – 3 kw;Wk; mf;dp – 4 MdJ 2500 fp.kP Kjy; 3>500 fp.kP J}uj;jpw;F NkyhfTk; gwe;J nrd;W ,yf;Ffis jhf;ff;$ba jpwd; gilj;jpUe;jd. mf;dp 5 VTfiz ,uz;lhtJ Nrhjid Nrhjid ntw;wp VTfiz ngah; tif (Type) ( (Missile Name) eLj;ju J}u VTfiz mf;dp – 1 (Short Range Ballistic missile) ,ilj;J}u VTfiz mf;dp – 2 (Medium Range Ballistic missile) ,ilj;juJ}u VTfiz mf;dp – 3 (Intermediate Range Ballistic missile) gphpj;tp 1 eLj;juJ}u VTfiz mf;dp 4
mf;dp 5
,ilj;juJ}u VTfiz Intermediate Range Ballistic missile) fz;lk; tpl;Lf; fz;lk; ghAk; VTfiz (Intercontinental Ballistic missile)
,aq;Fk; J}uk; (Maximum Range)) 700 fp.kP cgNahfj;jpy; cs;sJ (Opperationally deployed) 2500 fp.kP cgNahfj;jpy; cs;sJ. 500 fp.kP cs;sJ.
cgNahfj;jpy;
150 fp.kP cgNahfj;jpy; cs;sJ. 400 fp.kP Nrhjid nra;ag;gLfpwJ. (Successfully Tested) 5500 fp.kP Nrhjid nra;ag;gLfpwJ.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
138 | P a g e mf;dp 6
fz;lk; tpl;Lf; fz;lk; 10>000 fp.kP ghAk; VTfiz cUthf;fg;gLfpwJ (Under development)
mf;dp – 6 mf;dp – 6 – fz;lk; tpl;L fz;lk; ghAk; VTfiz 2017-18y; gad;ghl;bw;F tUk;. fz;lk; tpl;L fz;lk; gha;eJ ; xNu VTfizapy; gy ,yf;Ffisj; jhf;fp mopj;jpLk; tifapyhd (mf;dp VI VTfiz etPd njhopy;El;gj;jpy; cUthfp tUfpwJ). ,e;jpa ghJfhg;G Muha;rr ; p kw;Wk; mgptpUj;jp epWtdk; kw;Wk; ghuj; ildkpf;]; ypkpnll; epWtdk; ,ize;J jahupj;J tUfpwJ. VTfizapd; ghAk; Jhuk; 6000-8000 fpNyhkPll ; u; MFk;. ,e;j VTfiz ,uhZtg; gad;ghl;bw;F tUk; gl;rj;jpy;> ,j;jifa VTfizfis nfhz;Ls;s mnkupf;fh kw;Wk; u~;ah ehLfspd; gl;baypy; ,e;jpahTk; ,izAk; vd;gJ ngUikf;Fupa jftyhFk;.
INDIA-BANGLADESH: SAMPRIT III Sampriti III is the name of Indo-Bangladesh combined military exercise that was carried out recently. It was a fortnight long India-Bangladesh combined Military Exercise started in Sylhet. A 25 member team (led Major S.Y Mahadhik) of the Indian army is taking part in the combined exercise with a team of the Bangladesh army. At the Jalalabad Cantonment of the Bangladesh Army, the exercise is being planned. The exercise to conclude on October 22, 2011 rk;gpupjp – III : ,e;jpa tq;fhsNjr ,uhZtj;jpdupd; $l;Lg;gapw;rp ,e;jpa – tq;fhsNjr ,uhZtj;jpdUf;F ,ilNaahd $l;Lg; gapw;rp fle;j gpg;utup – khu;r; khjq;fspy; eilngw;wJ. ,Uehl;Lg; gilapd; ghuh#l; gpuptpdu;> tpkhdg; gilapdu;> jiug;gil gpuptpdu; MfpNahu; gq;Nfw;w ,g;gapw;rp rk;gpupjp – III vDk; ngaupy; eilngw;wJ. ,g;Nghu; gapw;rp cj;jpug;gpuNjr khepy Mf;uhtpy; eilngw;wJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
K--15 rhfhhpff ; h vd;w B--05 VTfiz Nrhjid ntw;wp flYf;F mbapy; mZ ePh% ; o;fp fg;gypy; ,Ue;J Vtg;gl;L vjphpfspd; fg;giy Jy;ypakhf jhf;fp mopf;Fk; jpwd; nfhz;l rhfhhpf;fh vDk; K15 uf ghyp];bf; VTfizapd; (FwpaPlL ; g; ngah; B-15) Nrhjid ntw;wpfukhf elj;jg;gl;lJ. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
139 | P a g e tq;fhstphpFlh fly; gFjpahd tprhfg;gl;bdk; flw;fiuapy; flYf;F mbapy; 50 mb Moj;jpy; epWj;jg;gl;l INS mhp`e;j; vDk; mZrf;jp ePh% ; o;fp (,e;jpa njhopy;El;gj;jpy; cUthd ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; ePh% ; o;fpf;fg;gy;) fg;gypy; ,Ue;J Vtg;gl;l ,e;j rhfhhpfh VTfiz 700 fpNyhkPll ; h; njhiytpy; ,ue;j ,yf;if ntw;wpfukhf jhf;fpaJ. Project 420 vDk; jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; 2001y; cUthf;fg;gl;l ,e;j VTfizapd; 12tJ kw;Wk; ,Wjp fl;l Nrhjid ntw;wpfukhf elj;jg;gl;lijj; njhlh;eJ ; fle;j [{d; 2013 KOf;f KOf;f cs;ehl;bNyNa tbtikf;fg;gl;l ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; mZrf;jp ePh% ; o;fpf; fg;gyhd INS mhp`e;jpy; nghUj;jg;gl;lJ ,jd; %yk; flYf;F mbapy; ePh% ; o;fpf;fg;gypy; ,Ue;J Vtf;$ba Ngy];bf; VTfizfis nfhz;Ls;s cyfpd; Ie;jhtJ ehL vDk; nguikiaAk; ,e;jpah ngw;wJ. (mnkhpf;fh> u~;ah> gpuhd;]; kw;Wk; rPdh) VTfizia cUthf;fpath;: V.Nf. rf;futh;jj ; p (rhfhhpfh VTfizapd; je;ij vd;W th;zpf;fg;gLfpwhh;) ; o;fpf; fg;gypy; ,Ue;J Vtf;$ba FWfpa J}u ghyp];bf; tif: tif ePh% VTfiz VTjsk; ; o;fpf; fg;gy; VTjsk: INS mhp`e;j; ePh% vhpthA: jpl vhpthA %yk; ,aq;Fk; ,ul;il epiy VTfiz ghAk; J}uk;: 700 fpNyhkPll ; h; jhq;F Rik: Rik 1000 fpNyhfpuhk; MAj tif: tif kuG top MAjk; Kjy; mZ MAjk; tiu mZ MAj Kk;ik (Nuclear triad) jpwd; nfhz;l cyf ehLfSs; ,e;jpah ehd;fhtJ ehlhFk;. (mnkhpf;fh> u~;ah> rPdh) epyk; top (kuG top mZ MAjj; jhf;Fjy;) mf;dp 1> mf;dp 2> gpuj;tp 1 Mfha top (tpkhdtopj;jhf;Fjy;) (fz;lk; tpl;L fz;lk; ghAk;) mf;dp 1> mf;dp 2> mf;dp 5> Mfh~; 3 flYf;F mbapy; ,Ue;J ePh% ; o;fpf;fg;gypy; ,Ue;J jhf;FtJ jD~; (gpUj;tp 2) – 350 fpNyhkPll ; h; rhfhpfh (K15) – 700 fpNyhkPll ; h; K – 4 – 3000 – 3500 fpNyhkPll ; h; (jw;NghJ cUthf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ)
gpdhfh - gyJis uhf;nfl; uhQ;rh; Nrhjid ntw;wp xNu rkaj;jpy; gy uhf;nfl;Lfis VTk; tifapyhd cs;ehl;bNyNa cUthf;fg;gl;l gyJis uhf;nfl; yhQ;ruhd (Multi Barrel Rocket Lancher) gpdhfh> xb~h khepy re;jpg;g+hpy; cs;s ,uhZtj;jsj;jpy; ,Ue;J ntw;wpfukhf Nrhjidaplg;gl;lJ. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
140 | P a g e ; yhQ;ruhf fUjg;gLk; ,J> 44 jiug;gilapy; kpfTk; rf;jp tha;ej tpdhbfspy; 12 uhf;nfl;Lfis> 40 fp.kP. J}uk; tiur; nrd;W jhf;fp mopf;Fk; tifapy; tbtikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. gpdhfh gyJis uhf;nfl; gw;wpa tptuq;fs; tbtikg;G: ghJfhg;G Muha;rr ; p kw;wk; mgptpUj;jp epWtdk; tbtikf;fg;gl;l Mz;L 1986. lhlh gth;> yhh;rd; & ^g;Nuh kw;Wk; Nghh;jsthl njhopw;rhiy thhpak; (Ordinance Manufacturing Board (OMB) ; g;gl;l Mz;L: 1995 ,uhZtj;jpy; Nrh;ff
Uj;uh n`ypfhg; fhg;lu; ,uhZtj;jplk; xg;gilg;G KOf;f KOf;f ,e;jpa njhopy; El;gj;jpNyNa jahupf;fg;gl;l ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; ,yFuf n`ypfhg;lu; ngq;fSupy; eilngw;w tpkhdj; njhopy; fz;fhl;rpy; fhl;rpf;F itf;fg;gl;L gpd; n`r;.V.vy;. epWtdj; jiytu; Mu;.Nf.jpahfp mtu;fshy; ,uhZtj;jplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;lJ. cs;s ,e;J];jhd; VNuhdhl;bf;]; epWtdj;jhy; ngq;fSupy; (n`r;.V.vy;.) jahupf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,e;j ,yFuf Uj;uh n`ypfhg;lu; ngq;fSupy; eilngw;w tpkhdj; njhopy; fz;fhl;rpapy; fhl;rpf;F itf;fg;gl;L gpd; n`r;.V.vy;. epWtdj; jiytu; Mu;.Nf. jpahfp mtu;fshy; ,uhZtj;jplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;lJ.
A+j; mgpah]; $l;Lg;gapwr ; p
-
,e;jpa
mnkhpff ;
gilapd;
,e;jpa ,uhZtj;ijr; Nrh;ej ; rpwg;G gilapdUk; mnkhpf;fhtpd; rpwg;G gilapdUk; ,ize;J A+j; mgpah]; vDk; ngahpy; ,uhZf; $l;Lg;gapw;rp Nkw;nfhz;L tUfpd;wdh;. 2013 Mk; Mz;bw;fhd A+j; mgpah]; $l;Lg; gapw;rp mnkhpf;fhtpd; tpl fNuhypdh khfhzj;jpy; cs;s /Nghh;l; gpuhf; ,uhZtjsj;jpy; eilngw;wJ. jPtputhj jhf;Fjy;> Nghh;j; je;jpuq;fSk;> jfty; ghpkhw;w gf;jpfs; cs;spl;litfspy; gapw;rp Nkw;nfhs;Sk; tifapy; ,f;$l;Lg;gapw;rp Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
141 | P a g e
DEFENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUICK REVIEW Indian mission to Mars blasts off successfully. Note: Only the United States, Russia and the European Space Agency have been successful in this mission. The United States is the only Mars, the most recent being Curiosity which touched down in August 2012. Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) chairman K. Radhakrishnan The satellite is scheduled to reach the Mars orbit in September 2014 and is designed to circle the Red Planet in an elliptical orbit of 366 km X 80000 km. Primary objectives of the Mars mission are to demonstrate India’s technological capability to send a satellite to orbit around Mars and conduct meaningful experiments such as looking for signs of life, take pictures of the red planet and study Martian environment. INS Vikramaditya set to join Indian Navy. INS Vikramaditya is a Kiev class aircraft carrier which was commissioned by Russian Navy in 1987 under the name Baku. India developed a new tactical surface-to-surface missile Pragati which has a range between 60-170 km. The Pragati missile is based on the Prahaar missile and it has been developed by the DRDO for the Army. Scientists discovered a new planet called Kepler 78b which has a similar mass and density to that of Earth. The Indian Navy on 15 October 2013 inducted into service its largest offshore patrol vessel (OPV), INS Sunayna, at the Southern Naval Command. Indian Navy on 6 November 2013 inducted the fourth generation advanced jet trainer aircraft Hawk 132 at a ceremony held at the Naval Air Station INS Dega at Visakhapatnam.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
142 | P a g e Navy commissioned Advanced Light Helicopter squadron. Russia successfully launches Proton-M rocket with a European communication satellite. The Proton-M rocket is Russia’s most popular for commercial satellite launches. Peace Mission -2013 is a anti-terror jointly Military drill conducted by Russia and China. NASA space craft has detected chemical “Propylene” on Saturn’s moon Titan. According to NASA this is the first definitive detection of the plastic ingredients on any moon or planet, other than Earth. India has agreed to resume military supplies to Nepal and will soon deliver a multi- role Advanced light helicopter to it. India & Nepal joint military exercise: Surya Kiran held in Uttrakhand. Russia is helping Bangladesh to construct its first nuclear power plant in Dhaka. The $2bn project is funded by $ 500ml of Russian credit and is expected to be fully completed by 2022. Helina is an upgraded version Nag missile. Nassem Al Bahr is the Naval exercise between India & Oman. The ninth Naval exercise begins in the North Arabian Sea. INS Sindhurakshak a Russian -made diesel-electric submarine of the Indian Navy. The submarine a minor fire incident in 2010 and a major one on 14 August 2013, which resulted in its at Mumbai's naval dockyard Indo-Russian INDRA 2013 military exercise is scheduled to take place in October 2013 at Mahajan field firing range of Rajasthan in India. China launches Fifth manned space mission: ‘Shenzhou-10’ Tsunami Warning System installed at Rangachang in Andaman and Nicobar Islands APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
143 | P a g e
"IRNSS-1A, India's first ever dedicated Navigation satellite launched blasted off from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota. China launched a communications satellite called Zhongxing-11 Pakistan successfully test-fired the nuclear-capable Hatf-IV (Shaheen-1) ballistic missile (900 Km range) Russia launched the bio-satellite (BION -M) called orbital Noah's Missiles: Nuclear-capable 'Agni V' tested for second time. 'Agni-V' longrange ballistic missile. Strike range of more than 5000 km Note: In the Agni (Surface to Surface missile) series, India at present has Agni-1 with 700 km range, Agni -2 with 2000 km range, Agni-3 and Agni-4 with 2500 km to more than 3500 range. Agni – V more than 5000km. Prithvi: 1. Prithvi I - 150km 2. Prithvi II – 350km 3. Prithvi III - 350km - 600km Luzon channel is the channel b/w Taiwan & Philippines. LADEE is the name of new spacecraft on Moon launch by NASA. China became the World's Fifth- Largest Arms Exporter. India’s first defence satellite GSAT -7 launched from Kourou spaceport in French Guiana on Friday. GSAT-7 is India’s first dedicated spacecraft for Defence applications. Indian Navy successfully test-fired the 290 km range Brahmos Supersonic Cruise Missile, capable of carrying a conventional warhead of 300 kg, from a warship off the Goa coast. Naval Offshore Patrol Vessel INS Saryu inducted into Indian Navy. Cochin Shipyard launched Aadesh the First Fast Patrol Vessel for Coast Guard.. K-5 ballistic missile(strike range around 1500 kms) successfully test fired from an underwater platform in Bay of Bengal. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
144 | P a g e
Indian Army gets its first indigenously made Rudra attack chopper. ISRO has launched Indo-French satellite 'SARAL'(410-kg) with the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PSLV-C20 from Sriharikota. "EKUVERIN 2012" an India-Maldives joint military training exercise organized in Belgaum. US and South Korea did Joint Annual Military Drills called Key Resolve on 11 March 2013. apart from Key Resolve, another joint drill called Foal Eagle was on its way since the starting of March 2013. Nepal & United States Conducted joint Military Exercises called Shanti Prayas -2 or Peace Initiatives in Panchkhal French Nuclear of Areva Reactors will be 1st Tested in China before supplying the production to Jaitapur in Maharashtra. Russia launched European telecom satellite SES from Kazakhstan's Baikonur space centre. China launches a communications satellite, Zhongxing-11 Indian National Defence University for training and research in military studies will be set up in Gurgaon. India's first International regional navigational satellite IRNSS -1A launched from Satish Dhawan Space centre.
GSLV – D5 ROCKET CARRYING COMMUNICATION SATELLITE GSAT – 14 SUCCESSFULLY LAUNCHED. ISRO – 5th Jan – launched its heavy-duty rocket Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle – Development 5 (GSLV – D5) It having indigenous Cryogenic engine that placed 1982 Kg GSAT – 14 Communication Satellite into Orbit 49.13 m tall Lifted off from Satish Dawan Space Centre, Sriharikota APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
145 | P a g e Now India Become the 6th Nation to possess the cryogenic engine technology US, Russia, France, Japan and China
WORLD’S FASTEST ORGANIC TRANSISTOR DEVELOPED World’s fastest thin-film organic transistor that could operate more than five times faster than previous Researchers from the University of Nebraska – Lincoin and Stanford University.
ASTRONOMERS DISCOVERED TWO NEW EXO PLANETS A term of Astronomers from Harvard – Smithsonian center for Astro Physics. Have discovered two new extra solar planets circling a dim, red dwarf star about 200 lights - year from our planet One of the planet, dubbed KOI – 314C, weighs the same as earth, but around 60% larger in diameter The 2nd planet, named KOI – 314b is about the same size as KOI – 314C. but significantly denser, weighting about 4 times as much as earth The team discovered the planet using data from NASA’S Kepler space craft.
BRAHMOS MISSILE SUCCESSFULLY TEST FIRST IN SALVO MODE 290 Km range – 6th Feb Test fired from Naval warship INS Trikand in Salvo mode in the Arabian Sea. For 1st time, it was fired in Salvo mode off the coast of Karnataka with in interval of 3 seconds off the cost of Goa
AUSTRALIAN ASTRONOMERS DISCOVERED OLDEST KNOWN STAR IN UNIVERSE. A team of Scientists at the Australian National University on 11th Feb The Stat Known as SMSS J031300.30-670839.3 is in the milky way galaxy and some 6000 light years from the Earth The star was formed shortly after the Big Bang 13.7 billion years ago APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
146 | P a g e The star was discovered using the ANU Sky Mapper telescope at the siding spring observatory.
INDIA SUCCESSFULLY TEST FIRED ‘AKASH’ MISSILE Surface to air missile from a defence base in Odisha for the 3rd time. Earlier test fired from the same base on 21st and 24th Feb. 2014. Indigenously developed missile, with a 27km range and effective ceiling of 15km Chandipur in the Coastal District of Balasore, 230 km from Bhubaneswar
RESEARCHERS REVIVE 30,000 YEAR OLD GIANT VIRUS FROZEN IN SIBERIA The virus, researchers report is till infectious, but affects only a certain type of amoebae The study on the virus pithovirus siberium was conducted by Iean Michel Calvenie, from the National Centre of Scientific Research at the University of Aixmarseille and Colleagues.
WORLD’S FIRST 3D FINGER PRINT DEVELOPED BY INDIAN- AMERICAN SCIENTIST A team of Michigan state university computer scientist led by IIT Kanpur alum Anil Jain built the 1st 3D. Model of human finger print called Phantomon. They developed the 3D image by 1st making a 2D image of a fingerprint and then mapping it to a 3D finger Surface
INDIAN NAVY INDUCTED OFF SHORE PATROL VESSEL “INS SUMEDHA” At Goa on 7th March It is 3rd ship of the indigenous Naval offshore Patrol Vessel Project to be inducted in to Indian Navy It designed and built by Goa Ship yard limited. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
147 | P a g e
ASTRONOMERS DISCOVER HYPERGIANT STAR 1300 TIMES THE SIZE OF OUR SUN This is the biggest yellow star has spotted It is named as HR 5171. This star is 12,000 light year away
WORLD’S TOP MOST POLLUTED CITY 2014 WHO Report
INDIA TEST FIRED NEW UNDERWATER NUCLEAR MISSILE A submarine launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM) with longer range then that of the existing one of 750 km n the quest towards building a credible nuclear weapons triad The new SLBM with range over 2,000km, tentatively dubbed k-4, was tested from a submersible Pontoon in the Bay of Bengal This is the longest range missile in the underwater category to have been developed by India Launch from a submarine and integration of the three types of capabilities will mean completion of the nuclear triad, which is available only with few countries like US, France, Russia and China
SOLAR IMPULSE 2 PLANE UNVEILED IN SWITZERLAND ISRO’S PSLV – C 24 SUCCESSFULLY LAUNCHED INDIA’S SECOND NAVIGATION SATELLITE – IRNSS – 1B Indian Regional Navigation Satellite system – 1B into space It was launched through PSLV – C 24 rocket from the satish Dhawan space centre at Sriharikota
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
148 | P a g e
SCIENTISTS DISCOVERED GENE BEHIND BRAIN DEVELOPMENT Key gene for the development of human brain has been discovered by Scientists from the University of Adelaide The study shows how mutations in the gene called “USP9X” are linked to intellectual disability
WORLD ORGANIZATIONS – FACTS AND SUMMITS HEADS OF IMPORTANT ORGANIZATIONS ORGANISATIONS No.
Acrony ms 1. FAO
2. IAEA
3. IFAD
4. ILO
5. IMO
6. IMF
Agency Food and Agriculture Organization International Atomic Energy Agency International Fund for Agricultural Development International Labour Organization International Maritime Organization International Monetary Fund
International Telecommunicatio n Union 8. UNESCO United Nations Educational, 7. ITU
Headquar Head ters Italy José Graziano da Silva
Establis hed 1945
Austria
Yukiya Amano
1957
Rome, Italy
Kanayo F. Nwanze
1977
Geneva, Switzerlan d London, United Kingdom Washingt on, D.C., USA Geneva, Switzerlan d Paris,
Guy Rider
1919
Koji Sekimizu
1948
Christine Lagarde
1945
Hamadoun Touré
1865
Irina Bokova
1946
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
149 | P a g e
9. WB
Scientific and Cultural Organization World Bank
World Intellectual Property Organization World WMO Meteorological Organization UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime UND I O United Nations Data and Information Organization UNOCH Office for the Coordination of A Humanitarian Affairs UNOOS United Nations Office for Outer A Space Affairs International ISA Seabed Authority Comprehensive CTBTO Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization
10. WIPO
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16. 17.
18. OPCW
19. UNIDIR
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons United Nations Institute for
France
Washingt on, D.C, USA Geneva, Switzerlan d Geneva, Switzerlan d Vienna, Austria Kampala, Uganda
Jim Yong Kim
1945
Francis Gurry
1974
David Grimes
1950
Yuri Fedotov
1997
Louis R. Rutinduka
2013
New John Holmes York, USA (Britissioner for Human Rights) Vienna, Mazlan Austria Othman
Geneva, Switzerl and
Kingston, Jamaica Vienna, Austria
Nii Allotey Odunton Lassina Zerbo
1994
Hague, Netherlan ds Geneva, Switzerlan
Ahmet Üzümcü Theresa Hitchins
1958
1997 (prepar atory commis sion) 1997
1980
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
150 | P a g e Disarmament Research United Nations 20. UNU University 21. UNITAR United Nations Institute for Training and Research 22. UNRISD United Nations Research Institute For Social Development 23. UNICRI United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute International 24. ISC Centre for Science and High Technology 25. INSTRA International Research and W Training Institute for the Advancement of Women 26. UPEACE University for Peace International 27. ICTP Centre for Theoretical Physics Innocenti Research 28. IRC Centre International Child Development Centre International Civil 29. ICSC Service Commission
d Tokyo, Konrad Japan Osterwalder Geneva, Carlos Lopes Switzerlan d
1969
Geneva, Peter Utting Switzerlan OIC d
1963
Turin, Italy
Sandro Calvani
Trieste, Italy
1965
1968
1988
Sergei Zelenev 1979 Santo Domingo, OIC Dominica n Republic San José, Costa Rica Trieste, Italy
Francisco 1980 Rojas Aravena Katepalli R. 1964 Sreenivasan
Florence, Italy
Marta Santos Pais
New John P. York, USA Hamilton
1988
1975
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
151 | P a g e
ARCTIC SUMMIT The first Arctic Summit, organised by The Economist, was held in Oslo in March 2013.
COP -11 The Eleventh Conference of Parties to (CoP-11) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the sixth Meeting of Parties to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety was held at Hyderabad from 1-19 October 2012. The Government of India also hosted the high-level segment to CoP-11 at the same venue from 17-19 October 2012. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was inspired by the world community's growing commitment to sustainable development.
FIFTH BRICS SUMMIT The 2013 BRICS summit was the fifth annual BRICS summit, an international relations conference attended by the head of states or heads of government of the five member states Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The summit was held in Durban, South Africa in 2013. This completed the first cycle of BRICS summits. South Africa hosted the fifth BRICS Summit from 26 to 28 March 2013 at the Durban International Convention Centre (ICC). This will complete the first cycle of BRICS summits. SUMMI PARTICIPANT DAT HOST HOST LOCATIO T S E COUNTR LEADER N Y First BRIC June Russia Dmirty Yakaterin – 16Medvedev Burg 2009 Second BRIC April Brazil Luiz Brasilia – 16 – InacioLula 2010 Da Siva Third BRICS April China Hu Jintao Sanya – 142011 Fourth BRICS Marc India ManMoha New Delhi h -29 n Singh – 2012 APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
152 | P a g e Fifth
BRICS
Sixth
BRICS
Seventh
BRICS
Marc h – 26, 27 – 2013 15–17 July 2014 2015
South Africa
Jacob Zuma
Durban
Brazil
Dilma Rousseff
Fortaleza
Russia
Vladimir Putin
Ufa
gd; efupy; eilngw;wJ. 5tJ gpupf;]; khehL – njd;dhg;gpupf;fhtpd; lu;gd; • gpNurpy;> u~;ah> ,e;jpah> rPdh kw;Wk; njd;dhg;gpupf;fh Mfpa 5 ehLfis cs;slf;fpa gpupf;]; $l;likg;gpd; 2013Mk; Mz;bw;fhd cr;rp khehL njd;dhg;gpupf;fhtpd; lu;gd; efupy; eilngw;wJ. • khehl;Lj; jiyik : N[f;fg; #kh • khehl;L ikaf;fU : Brics and Africa : Partnership for Development, Integration and Industrialisation • khehl;bd; gpufldk; : ,Njf;tpdp gpufldk; gpufldk (Ethekwini Declaration) (njd;dhg;gpupf;fhtpy; lu;gd; efiu ,Njf;tpdp efuk; vd;Nw miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
3RD BIMSTEC SUMMIT – 2014 Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation held in Myanmar (Bay of Initiative for Multi – Sectoral Technical Economic Co-operation) from 1-4 March’14 in Nay Pyi Taw capital of Myanmar Theme “partnership from Harmony and Prosperity” Members: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri lanka, spl. envoy from Tailand Signed the M.o.Association on the Establishment of BIMSTEC Permanent Secretariat in Dhaka 1st – Bangkok 31st July 2004 2nd New Delhi 13th Nov 2008
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
153 | P a g e
%d;whtJ gpk] ; n ; lf; cr;rp khehL kpahd;kh; jiyefh;> iegpapNjhtpy; %d;whtJ gpk;]n ; lf; cr;rpkhehL eilngw;wJ. (,e;jpah> tq;fNjrk;> ,yq;if> jha;yhe;J> kpahd;kh;> G+lhd;> Neghsk;> Mfpa ehLfs; mlq;fpa mikg;Gjhd; gpk;]n ; lf;) tq;ff;fly; gFjpapy; mike;Js;s 7 ehLfspd; gy;Jiw njhopy;El;gk; kw;Wk; nghUshjhu xj;Jiog;Gf;fhd $l;likg;G gpk;]n ; lf; MFk;. BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal initiative for multi sectoral technical and economic cooperation) tq;fhs tphpFlh gy;Jiw njhopy;El;g kw;Wk; nghUshjhu mikg;G 1977 Mk; Mz;L ghq;fhf;fpy; epWtg;gl;lJ. BISTEC Kjypy; gq;fshNj~;> ,e;jpah> ,yq;if kw;Wk; jha;yhe;J xUq;fpize;j mikg;ghf ,Ue;jJ. gpwF kpahd;kh; 1977Yk;> ,yq;if 1998 Yk; ,e;j mikg;gpy; cWg;gpduhfr; Nrh;ej ; d. mjd;gpwF gpk;]n ; lf; (BIMSTEC) vd ngah; khw;wk; nra;ag;gl;lJ.
G20 SUMMIT Year 2008 2012 2013 2014 2015
Summit Dates November 1st 14–15 7th June 18–19 September 8th 5–6 November 9th 15–16 10th
TBA
Country United States Mexico Russia
City Washington, D.C. Los Cabos Strelna, Saint Petersburg
Australia Brisbane Turkey
Host leader George W. Bush Felipe Calderón Vladimir Putin Tony Abbott
TBA
[p[p-20 cr;rp khehl;by; gpujkh; gq;Nfw;G ,e;jpah> mnkhpf;fh> ,q;fpyhe;J> u~pah cs;spl;l 20 ehLfspd; cr;rp khehL ‘[p -20 cr;rp khehL’ vd;w ngahpy; 2008-k; Mz;L Kjy; elj;jg;gl;L tUfpwJ. ,jd; 8-tJ cr;rp khehL u~pahtpy; cs;s nrapz;l; gPll ; h;]g ; h;f; efhpy; njhlq;fp eilngw;wJ. mnkhpf;f hprh;t; tq;fp fld; toq;Ftjpy; fhl;bte;j rYiffis gbg;gbahf tpyf;fp nfhs;tjhf mwtpj;Js;sjhy;> ,e;jpah cs;spl;l gy ehLfs; ghjpg;Gfis re;jpj;J tUk; tptfhuk; Fwpj;J ,e;j khehl;by; Kf;fpakhf tpthjpf;fg;gl;ljhf njhpfpwJ. G 20 G 20 1999y; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ,J Muk;gpf;Fk; ehLfis nfhz;lJ mit gpd;tUkhW:
NghJ
7
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
cWg;G
www.tnschools.co.in
154 | P a g e 1. fdlh 2. gpuhd;]; 3. n[h;kdp 4. ,j;jhyp 5. ,q;fpyhe;J 6. mnkhpf;fh 7. [g;ghd; jw;NghJ ,e;jpah cs;gl 19 ehLfs; cs;sJ. mJ kl;Lky;yhJ INuhg;gpa A+dpaDk; cWg;gpduhf cs;sJ (19 ehLfs; + INuhg;gpa A+dpad; = G 20) G 20 Nehf;fk; k 1. cWg;G ehLfspilNa nghUshjhu epiyj; jd;ik ePbf;ff;$ba tsh;rr ; pia Vw;gLj;JtJ 2. vjph;fhy nghUshjhu epjp neUf;fbfis rkhspf;f Mizaq;fis tsh;gg ; J 3. rh;tNjr epjp epiyia Nkk;gLj;JtJ
G8 SUMMIT SUMMIT DATE
June 25– Canada 26, 2010 May 26– France 27, 2011 May 18– United 19, 2012 States
HOST LEADER Stephen Harper Nicolas Sarkozy Barack Obama
Huntsville, Ontario Deauville, BasseNormandie
39th
June 17– United 18, 2013 Kingdom
David Cameron
Lough County Fermanagh
40th
June 4–5, 2014
Vladimir Putin
Sochi
36th 37th 38th
HOST COUNTRY
Russia
LOCATION HELD
Camp David Erne,
SAARC SUMMIT SUMMIT 16th 17th 18th
DATE 28–29 April 2010 10–11 November 2011 2013
COUNTRY
HOST
HOST LEADER
Bhutan
Thimphu
Jigme Thinley
Maldives
Addu
Mohammed Nasheed
Kathmandu
Khil Raj Regmi
Nepal
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
155 | P a g e
ASSOCIATION OF NATIONS ASEAN – SUMMIT
SOUTHEAST
ASIAN
SUMM DATE COUNTRY HOST IT 16th 8–9 April 2010 Vietnam Hanoi 28–31 October 17th Vietnam Hanoi 2010
Nguyễn Tấn Dũng
18th
7–8 May 2011
Indonesia
Jakarta
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
19th
14–19 November 2011
Indonesia
Bali
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
20th
3–4 April 2012
Cambodia
Phnom Penh
Hun Sen
21st
17–20 November 2012
Cambodia
Phnom Penh
Hun Sen
22nd
24-25 2013
23rd
9-10 2013
April
October
Brunei
Brunei
Bandar Seri Begawan Bandar Seri Begawan
HOST LEADER
Nguyễn Tấn Dũng
Hassanal Bolkiah
Hassanal Bolkiah
njd;fpof;F Mrpa ehLfs; (South Assian Countiries)) 1967 njw;F Mrpah ehLfs; Mf];l; 8 epWtg;gl;lJ. jiyikaplk; : ([fhh;jj ; h) ,e;NjhNdrpah Nehf;fk;: 1. Nritfs; kw;Wk; KjyPLfs; Jiwfspy; jhuhs th;jj ; fj;ij Nkw;nfhs;tJ. 2. 2022 Mk; Mz;by; 20 Mapuk; Nfhb lhyh; msTf;F ,U top th;jj ; fj;ij vl;Ltij ,yf;fhf nfhz;L nray;gLfpwJ.
Mrpahd; ehLfSld; ,e;jpah xg;ge;jk; G&Ndapy; eilngw;w Mrpahd; ehLfspy; 11-tJ ,e;jpa Mrpahd; ehLfs; cr;rp khehL eilngw;wJ. Mrpahd; ehLfSld; jhuhsth;jj ; f APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
156 | P a g e cld;gbf;ifapy; ,e;j Mz;L ,Wjpapy; ,e;jpah ifnaOj;jpLk; vdj; njhpfpwJ. NkYk;> ,e;jpah – Mrpahd; ehLfspd; %d;whtJ gj;jhz;bd; njhlf;fk; vd;Dk; mbg;gilapy; [fhh;jj ; htpy; ‘Mrpahd;’ mikg;Gf;nfd jdpnrayfk; epWtg;gl cs;sJ. ,e;j J}jufk; G&Nd> ,e;NjhNd~pah> kNyrpah> kpahd;kh;> rpq;fg;G+h;> jha;yhe;J> tpal;ehk; cs;spl;l 10 ehLfspd; nrayfkhf tpsq;Fk;.
MEKONG – GANGA COOPERATION A cooperation of six member states: India, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam to promote the sphere of tourism, culture and education. It aims at “strengthening traditional bonds of Friendship”.
kpdpkl;lh cld;gbf;if gad;ghl;bw;nfjpuhd ifnaOj;jhdJ
-
ghjurg; cld;gbf;if
• kpdpkl;lh cld;gbf;if vd;gJ ghjurj;jpd; gad;ghl;bidAk; mjd; ntspNaw;wj;ijAk; jLg;gjw;fhf tiuaWf;fg;gl;Ls;s Xh; rh;tNjr cld;gbf;ifahFk;. • ghjurk; Nghd;w fd cNyhfq;fspy; ,Ue;J ntspNaWk; er;Rg;nghUl;fs; Rw;Wr;#oYf;Fk;> kdpjh;fSf;Fk; ghjpg;G Vw;gLj;Jtij fl;Lg;gLj;JtNjd ,e;j cld;gbf;ifapd; gpujhd Nehf;fkhFk;. • 2009y; njhlq;fp gy fl;lq;fshf eilngw;w ,g;Ngr;R thh;ji ; jfspd; ,Wjpfl;l Ngr;Rthh;ji ; j fle;j [dthp 19> 2013 md;W Rtpl;rh;yhe;J ehl;bd; n[dpth efhpy; eilngw;wJ. • ,e;j Ngr;Rthh;ji ; japd; Kbtpy; clYf;F NfL tpistpf;Fk; ghjurfj;jpd; gad;ghl;ilf; Fiwf;f 147 ehLfs; rk;kjk; njhptpj;Js;sd. • ,J njhlh;ghd xg;ge;jj;jpy; ifnaOj;jpl gy;NtW ehl;Lg; gpujpepjpfs; tUk; 2013 mf;Nlhgh; 7 Kjy; 11 tiuapyhd Njjpfspy; [g;ghdpd; kpdpkl;lh efhpy; $Lth; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
NATO SUMMIT NATO Summit 2014: Britain. (Britain last hosted the summit in 1990, when Margret Thatcher was Prime Minister). 2012 Summit- Chicago (United States)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
157 | P a g e
NUCLEAR SECURITY SUMMIT 2nd Summit 2012 – Seoul (South Korea) 3rd Summit 2014(Next) : Netherland
NEW MEMBER United Nation – South Sudan new member country. Total– 193 members WTO –Yemen new member country. Total – 160 members. World Bank & IMF – South Sudan new member country. Total – 188 members European Union – Croatia new member country. Total – 28
COMMONWEALTH SUMMIT Malta to Host Next Commonwealth Summit in 2015: Malta, a Southern European country was on 17 November 2013 unanimously chosen as the host of the next Commonwealth summit in 2015. Note: This is second time for Malta to host the Commonwealth summit. Before this, Malta hosted Commonwealth Summit in 2005. Year Date Country Town Retreat Chairperson Waters Edge, Sri 15–17 Sri Mahinda 2013 Colombo Jayawardenepura November Lanka Rajapaksa Kotte
2015 – Malta 2017 – Vanuatu 2019- Malaysia
SCO SUMMIT 13th Summit 2013 -Bishkek Khurshid (Foreign Minister)
(Kyrgyzstan)
12th Summit 2012 -Beijing. Minister)
Attended
by:
Attended
SM
by:
Salman
Krishna(Foreign
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
158 | P a g e
~hq;fha; $l;LwT mikg;G (SCO) ,t;tikg;G 1996Mk; Mz;L Jtf;fg;gl;lJ. SCO murpay;> nghUshjhuk; kw;Wk; uhZt typikia Vw;gLj;j gpd;tUk; Ie;J ehLfshy; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 1. rPdh (China) 2. f[f];jhd; (Kazakhstan) 3. u~;ah (Russia) 4. j[pfp];jhd; (Tajikistan) 5. c];ngfp];jhd; (Uzbekistan) 6tJ ehlhf 2001y; ,ize;jJ. SCO ghh;itahsh;fs;: 1. Mg;fhdp];jhd; 4. kq;Nfhypah
2. ,e;jpah 5. ghfp];jhd;
3.
WORLD AGRICULTURAL FORUM CONGRESS World Agricultural Forum Congress (WAF) will be organized at Hyderabad
3RD NUCLEAR SECURITY SUMMIT 2014 on 24 & 25 March 2014 in the Hague, Netherlands. attended by 58 world leaders
WORLD GREEN ECONOMY SUMMIT – 2014 1stheld in Dubai Theme “ Global Partnership, Sustainable Future
6tJ rh;tNjr vjphf ; hy vhprf;jp cr;rp khehL 2013 GJg;gpf;fj;jf;f vhprf;jp cw;gj;jpapy;
SUMMITS REVIEW UN Human Rights forum held in Beijing (CHINA) 31st meeting of Health Ministers of WHO South- East Asia countries held in India Arab league Summit 2013 - Doha. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
159 | P a g e
6th IBSA Summit2013 – New Delhi United Nation conference on Sustainable Development(2012) The international biodiversity meet Hyderabad UN biodiversity meet in 2014 -South Korea 58th Commonwealth Parliamentarian conference (2012) held in Col (2013). Organization of Islamic Co-operation (OIC) summit (2013) – Cairo (Egypt)
~hq;fha; $l;LwT mikg;gpy; cWg;gpduhf ,e;jpa tpUg;gk;
KO
u~;ah> rPdh cl;gl MW ehLfis cWg;gpdh;fshff; nfhz;l ~hq;fha; $l;LwT mikg;gpy; (v];.rp.x) ghh;itahsuhf mq;fk; tfpf;Fk; ,e;jpah me;j mikg;gpy; KO cWg;gpduhf ,iza tpUg;gk; njhptpj;Js;sJ. ,e;j mikg;gpy; ,e;jpah> ghfp];jhd;>
101ST SESSION OF INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS held at Jammu University, Jammu from 3-7 Feb’ 2014 Theme “Innovations in Science and Technology for Inclusive Development” PM inaugurated – 10th time
,e;jpa mwptpay; fhq;fpu]; khehL nfhy;fj;jh khehl;L vz;:100> khehl;L Njjp – [dthp 3 – 7 khehLj;jiyth;: gpujkh; kd;Nkhfd; rpq; khehl;L ikaf;fU: ,e;jpa vjph;fhyj;ij tbtikg;gjpy; (Science for shaping the future of India)
mwptpay;
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
160 | P a g e ,k;khehl;by; gpujkh; kd;Nkhfd; rpq; mth;fs; ,e;jpahtpd; Gjpa mwptpay;> njhopy;El;gk; kw;Wk; Gj;jhf;ff; nfhs;ifia ntspapl;lhh;. Gjpa mwptpay; njhopy;El;gk; kw;Wk; Gj;jhf;ff; nfhs;if 2013 2013Mk; Mz;bd; khehl;Lld; ,ize;J Foe;ijfs; mwptpay; khehL kw;Wk; ngz;fs; mwptpay; khehLk; elj;jg;gl;lJ. mwptpay; khehl;il Kd;dhs; FbauRj; jiyth; Foe;ijfs; mg;Jy;fyhk; mth;fs; njhlq;fp itj;jhh;. Foe;ijfs; mwptpay; khehl;bd; ikaf;fU: Excellence in Thinking and Action ngz;fs; mwptpay; khehl;by; jiyth; Nguhrphpah; kk;jh uha; mth;fs; Mthh;. ngz;fs; mwptpay; khehl;bd; ikaf;fU: Women empowerment for the development of the country 101tJ ,e;jpa mwptpay; khehL 2014> gpg;uthp 3 – 7 Njjpfspy; [k;K gy;fiyf;fofk; - [k;K & fh~;khP py; eilngWk; jiyth;: ud;ghP ; Nrhg;jp ([ye;jh; bVtp gy;fiyf;fof JizNte;jh;) ,jd; ikaf;fU: Innovation in Science and technology for inclusive development 102tJ ,e;jpa mwptpay; fhq;fpu]; khehL 2015y; ghyh[p gpurj; yk;glh mth;fisj; jiytuhff; nfhz;L xb~htpy; eilngWk;. ,jd; ikaf;fU: Innovations in Science, IT & Technology
11tJ ntspehL tho; ,e;jpah;fs; khehL 2013 nfhr;rp kj;jpa murpd; ntspehL tho; ,e;jpah;fs; mikr;rfj;jpd; rhh;gpy; fle;j 2003k; Mz;L Kjy; elj;jg;gl;L tUk; ntspehL tho; ,e;jpah;fs; khehL> 2013y; Nfus khepy nfhr;rpapy; eilngw;w. khehl;bd; rpwg;G tpUe;jpdh;: uh[;Nf];th; g+h;ahf;> nkhhp~pa]; mjpgh; khehl;bd; ikaf;fU: Engaging Diaspora – The India Growth story Fwpg;G: 10MtJ gpuNtrpa ghujpa jpth]; khehL 2012y; nly;ypapy; [dthp 7 – 9k; Njjpfspy; eilngw;wJ. ,jd; rpwg;G tpUe;jpdh; fkyh gpurhj; gpN]~h;> bhpdplhl; kw;Wk; NlhghNfh ehl;bd; Kjy; ngz; gpujkh;. ,jd; ikaf;fU: U The Global Indian : Inclusive Growth
2014 – 12th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas New Delhi from 7-9 Jan’2014 at Vigyan Bhawan Theme “Engaging Diaspora – connecting across Generations” inaugurated by PM Malaysia’s Minister of Natural Resources and Environment – Y.B. Datuk Seri Palanivel – Chief Guest
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
161 | P a g e
,e;jpa kw;Wk; rpqf ; g;G+Uf;F Nkyhz;ikf;fhd I.eh. tpUJ
ePh;
Nlhf;fpNahtpy; cs;s If;fpa ehLfs; rig mYtyfj;jpy; eilngw;w cyf jz;zhP ; jpd tpohtpy; 2014 Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd “tho;fi ; ff;fhf jz;zhP ; tpUJ” (Water for Life) ,e;jpah kw;Wk; rpq;fg;G+h; Mfpa ehLfSf;F toq;fg;gl;lJ. ePh; Mjhuq;fis ghJfhf;f epiyahd jpl;lq;fis nfhz;likf;fhfTk; ePh; Nkyhz;ikapy; rpwe;j gq;Nfw;G> jfty; njhlh;G> tpopg;Gzh;T kw;Wk; fy;tp mikg;G eltbf;iffs; vd gy;NtW Nehf;fpy; ,t;tpUJ toq;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jpah - lhlh ePh; nfhs;ifj; jpl;lk; rpq;fg;G+h; - New Water jpl;lk;
kf;fs; ePjpkd;wk; Nyhf; mjyj; nghJthf kf;fs; ePjpkd;wk; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ. Kjy; kf;fs; ePjpkd;wk;:
khh;r; khjk; 19 ) 1982Mk; Mz;L F[uhj; khepyk; [_dhfhpy; (Junnahar) ( Nyhf; mjyhj; ,e;jpahtpy; Kjy; Kiw eilngw;wJ. 1984 Mk; Mk; Mz;L kfhuh~;buhtpy; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. ,jw;F Nyhf; epahahyah (Lok Nyayalaya)) vd;W ngahplg;gl;lJ. ( gftjp fkpl;bapd; ghpe;Jiu: 1987 Mk; Mz;L gftjp fkpl;bapd; ghpe;Jiuapd; Nghpy; rl;l NtitfSf;fhd mjpfhug;gl;laq;fs; toq;Fk; rl;lk; (Legal Services Authorities Act) ,aw;wg;gl;lJ. ,jd;%yk;l 1995 Mk; Mz;L Nyhf; mjyj; rl;l G+h;tkhd me;j];ji ; jg; ngw;WJ. mjpfhu 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
tuk;G midj;J chpikapay; tof;Ffs; kzKwpT tof;Ffs; fUj;J NtWghL tof;Ffs; epyk; rk;ge;jg;gl;l tof;Ffs; njhopyhsh; eyd; rhh;ej ; tof;Ffs; ,tw;why; jPhf ; f ; g;gLk;.
cWg;gpdh;fs; xU Xa;Tngw;w ePjpgjp> r%f Mh;tyh;fs; jiyth;fshf ,Ue;J jPhg ; G ; mspg;ghh;fs;. jkpofj;jpy; kf;fs; ePjpkd;wk; : jkpo;ehl;by; 1986Mk; Mz;L njhlq;fg;gl;lJ.
rl;l
nrd;idapy;
epGzh;fs;
Nyhf;
,jd;
mjhyj;
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
162 | P a g e kfsph; ePjpkd;wk;: ghpthhpf; kfpsh Nyhf; mjhyj; (Parivarik Lok Adalat) kfspUila gq;F ,jpy; ngUf Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf njhlq;fg;gl;ljhFk;. ngz;fs; ,jd;%yk; vspjhf ePjp ngwyhk;.
ghujpa kfpsh tq;fp (ghujpa kfpsh tq;fp) ,e;jpahtpd; midj;J kfsph; tq;fpapd; Kjy; fpisia gpujkh; kd;Nkhfd; rpq;> ,e;jpahtpd; Kd;dhs; gpujkuhd ,e;jpuh fhe;jpapd; gpwe;j ehshd etk;gh; 19 md;W Kk;igapy; Jtf;fp itj;jhh;. midj;J kfsph; tq;fpapd; fpis nrd;id> nfhy;fj;jh> Ft`hj;jp> mfkjhghj;> ngq;f@U> yf;Ndh cs;spl;l VO ,lq;fspy; nray;glj; njhlq;fpd. ghujpa kfpsh tq;fp vd;gJ GJnly;ypia jiyikaplkhff; nfhz;l xU ,e;jpa epjp Nritfs; tq;fp epWtdk; MFk;. Muk;gj;jpy; ngz;fSf;F kl;Lk; gpuj;jpNahfkhd tq;fp vd;W $wg;gl;lhYk;> midthplkpUe;Jk; tq;fp itg;Gfs; njhlq;fg;Lk;> Mdhy; fld;fs;> ngUk;ghd;ikahf ngz;fSf;F (Deposits) kl;LNk toq;fg;gLk;. ghujpa kfpsh tq;fp tif njhlf;fk; jiyikafk; Kf;fpa egh;fs; njhopy; Jiw chpikahsh;fs;
: : : : : :
muR epWtdk; 19.11.2013 GJjpy;yp> ,e;jpah c~h mde;j Rg;ukzpad; epjp Nritfs; ,e;jpa muR
,e;jpaf; FbauR jpd tpoh: ,e;jpaf; FbauR ehs; vd;gJ ,e;jpa Ml;rpf;fhd Mtzkhf ,Ue;j “,e;jpa muR rl;lk;> 1935” ,d; khw;whf> “,e;jpa murpayikg;Gr; rl;lk;” nrayhfj;jpw;F te;j ehshFk;. ,e;j Mz;L ,e;jpah jdJ 65MtJ FbauR jpdtpohtpid [dthp 26Mk; Njjp nfhz;lhbaJ. jiyefh; nly;ypapy; epfo;ej ; tpohtpy; Kg;gilfspd; mzptFg;G eilngw;wJ. ,e;j Mz;L [g;ghd; gpujkh; ~pd;Nrh mNg rpwg;G tpUe;jpduhfg; gq;Nfw;whh; khNthap];l; jPtputhjpfSldhd rz;ilapy tPukuzk; mile;j Me;jpu khepy rg;-,d;]n ; gf;lh; Nf. gpurhj; ghGTf;F mtuJ kiwTf;Fg;gpd; mNrhf; rf;uh tpUJ toq;fg;gl;lJ. 2013 kd;dh; [pf;Nk Nfrh; ehk;fpay; thq;ff; (G+lhd;) 2014 gpujkh; ~pd;Nrh mNg ([g;ghd;)
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
163 | P a g e
epjp Mizak; fhyk;: epjp Mizak; Ie;J Mz;Lf;F xU Kiw [dhjpgjpahy; epakpf;fg;gLfpwJ. jw;Nghija fhyk;l 2012 – 2017. jw;Nghija epjp Mizaj; jiyth;: 2012-Mk; Mz;L 14-MtJ epjp Mizak; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jd; jiyth; “ahfh NtZNfhghy; nul;b” (Y.V. Reddy) Mthh;. cWg;gpdh;fs; s: mgpnrj; nrd; R];kh ehj; Nfhtpe;j uht; Rjpg;Njh Kd;ly ; h
CVC murhq;f CoYf;F jPhT ; fhz 1964-Mk; Mz;L Nf. re;jhdk; jiyikapyhd Coy; jLg;GFOtpd; ghpe;Jiuapd; Nghpy; ,e;jpa murhy; epWtg;gl;lJ. ,J eLtz; muRJiwfspy; tpopg;Gzh;T kw;Wk; kPsha;T njhlh;ghd topfhl;lYf;fhf cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ,J 1998-k; Mz;L rl;lKiw mikg;ghf khw;wk; ngw;W jw;nghOJ tiu xU jd;dpr;irahd mikg;ghfTk; eLtz; Gydha;Tr; nrayfj;jpd; ez;gdhfTk; jpfo;fpwJ. Nyhf; MAf;jh CoYf;F vjpuhf tprhuiz nra;Ak; khepy ePjpaikg;ghFk; ,J. Me;jpuh> m];]hk;> gPfhh;> rj;j] P ;fh;> F[uhj;> [hh;fz;l>; `hpahdh> ,khr;rygpuNjrk;> fh;ehlfk;> Nfusk;> kj;jpa gpuNjrk;> kfhuh~;buh> xhprh> gQ;rhg;> uh[];jhd;> cj;jufhz;l; cj;jpugpuNjrk; Mfpa khepyq;fspy; cs;sJ. ,J xU jd;dpr;irahd ve;j xU mikr;rfj;jpd; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs;Sk; tuhj mikg;ghFk;. ,J ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F kl;LNk fl;Lg;ghLk;. CVC, kj;jpa murpd; ghpe;Jiuapd; Nghpy; kj;jpa murpd; rl;lj;jpw;F cl;gl;l epWtdq;fspy; gzpGhpAk; Copah;fs;> mjpfhhpfs; ahNuDk; Coy; jLg;G rl;lk; 1998-d; fPo; Fw;wk; Ghpe;jpUg;gpd; mth;fs; Nky; tprhuiz Nkw;nfhs;syhk;. kj;jpa murhq;f F&g; A mjpfhhpfs; kw;Wk; mjw;F rkkhd epiyapy; cs;s kj;jpa murhq;f rl;lj;jpw;F cl;gl;L epWtdq;fspy; gzpGhpAk; mjpfhhpfs; Nky; cs;s Fw;wq;fs; VNjDk;> Coy; jLg;G rl;lk; 1998-d; fPo; tUNkahdhy; mij tprhhpf;Fk;.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
164 | P a g e
RECENT NATIONAL AND STATE ISSUES National cyber security policy – 2013 • To safe guard physical & business assets of the country • Aims at facilitating creation of secure computing environment and enabling adequate trust & confidence in electronic transactions
Ordinance on Food security • 6% of population over subsidized grains every month • 5kgs of food grains every month at highly subsidized rates of 1.3rupees/kg. • Pregnant women – 6000 rupees /per month for 6 month
Aviation, women varsities in Raebareli • 1st ever all women university – Indira Gandhi. (500 crores) • 1st National aviation(Under Min. of Civil Aviation) university – Rajiv Gandhi (202 crores)
Free medical Treatment for Pregnant Women • Under the Janai Suraksha yojana Scheme. • Free medical & ambulance facilities from conception to delivery • Free consultation from doctors at government hospital for 45 days from delivery and infants will be given free treatment at the hospitals for 1 year
Indian Telegram Service Stopped. • 163 year old – ends on 14July • Started on 1850 on experimental basis between kolkatta and Diamond Harbour. • 1851 – opened for use by the British • 1854 – opened to public
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
165 | P a g e
Bengaluru International Airport “Kempegowda International Airport”
renamed
as
• Hiriya kempegowda – ruler under Vijaynagar Empire • Ruled most parts of Karnataka during 16th century. • Founder of Bengaluru. He built Bengaluru Fort & moved his capital from Yelahanka to the new Bangaluru
Acid Attacks on women Non-bailable offence • All state government to pay Rs. 3lakh compensation to acid attack victims • Directed to frame rules for regularity sale of acid with in 3 months • Cannot be sold to a person who is below the age of 18 years
Union Tourism Minister Campaign”(July 24)
launched
“Clean
India
• Minister K. Chiranjeevi • At Tajmahal • To increase tourist arrivals to the country and to improve quality of services and provide a hygienic environment in and around tourist destinations • Taj Mahal – Second heritage site • 1st Qutubminor – by ITD Corporation June 2012 • ONGC has agreed to adopt and up keep the environs of Tajmahal complex. • ONGC also agreed to adopt five more monuments including Ellora & Elephant caves in Maharastra, Red Fort in Delhi, Golkonda in Hyderabad, Mahabalipuram in TN.
Himachal Pradesh Declared 1st smoke – free state in India • Section 4 of the cigarettes and other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) 2003. • State achieved 85.45% compliance
Karnataka Launched “Anna Bhagya” Scheme • 30kg of rice/month will be given to BPL at Re1/kg APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
166 | P a g e • Government spend Rs 4,300 crore/year on the scheme • C.M – Siddaramaiah – June 13
Latest Statistics Data on Tourism in India • Total number of domestic tourist visit during 2012 • Andhra – Top tourist Destination 2. Tamil Nadu, 3. Uttar Pradesh, 4. Karnataka, 5. Maharastra 6. Madhya Pradesh, 7. Rajasthan, 8. Uttarkhand, 9. Gujarat 10. West Bengal
Foreign Tourists Visits • 1. Maharastra, 2. Tamil Nadu, 3. Delhi, 4. Uttar Pradesh, 5. Rajasthan • 6. West Bengal, 7. Bihar, 8. Kerala, 9. Karnataka, 10. Himachal Pradesh
1st Textile Park inaugurated in Bagru near Jaipur. • Named Jaipur Integrated Texcraft Park Private Limited. (JITPPL), also known as Jaipur Bloc. • Bagru is known for its traditional textiles. Various styles of hand block printing and related skills • 1st part in India that will cater to the segment of hand block printing
Himachal Pradesh Government Launched Video Chat in Prisons • In all six prisons of the state. • Would help family & friends save time & money on travelling to prisons to meet the inmates • Even foreigners can avail this facility • Enabling the courts to utilize the video conference facility between the jails and the courts
Government of Odisha Announced Rice for Olive Ridley Conservation scheme • To help the fisher man families affected by seven month ban on marine fishing at Odisha Coastal Areas.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
167 | P a g e
”Roshini” Scheme Launched in Naxal affected districts By GOI A placement linked skill development scheme Targeting 50,000 men & women. Mostly tribes 24 worst affected districts The Three year initiative aims at skilling and placement of 50,000 youth from 24 Naxal – affecting districts in nine states. • Funding – 75:25 ration between centre & state
• • • • •
India’s First Dedicated Air Ambulance Launched • India’s First state of the art Air Ambulance. Flying Doctors India was launched in New Delhi • The new aircraft is tailor made and equipped with a intensive care unit on a aircraft • The goal is to provide Critical case even when a patient is in transit
50Lakhs Child Labours in India • • • • • •
By National Sample Survey Organisation report (NSSO) 1st Uttarkahand – 17.5 Lakh 2nd West Bengal – 5.5 Lakh 3rd Rajasthan – 4.05 Lakh 4th Gujarat – 3.9 Lakh This figures on the eve of the world day against child labour (June12)
Union Government Banned Ants – Diabetes Drug • 3 major medicine – the widely prescribed, pioglitazone, painkillers analgin, anti – depressant deanxit.
1st All woman police station opens in Arunachal Pradesh • In Itanagar.
India’s 1st All Women post office • All women, public bank • March – 8th in New Delhi by communication & IT minister • At Shastri Bhavan – the hub of central government offices in Central Delhi. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
168 | P a g e
Priyadarshi Awas Yojana. • By Haryana in Karnal • To provide offerdable housing facility to the people living in rural area • Eligible under Indira Awas yojana & who get 100 square yard plot under mahatma Gandhi Gramin. Dasi yojna would also be included in the scheme.
West Bengal tops chart for crime against women. • By national crime records Bureau (NCRB) • 1. West Bengal is the most unsafe place for women 2. Andhra Pradesh, 3. Uttar Pradesh, 4. Rajasthan, 5. Madhya Pradesh 6. Maharastra
Education Commisonerates for Tribal’s. • • • •
By Maharastra Government. To provide education to students of the tribal community Named by “Adivasi Shikshan Ayuktalay” Head Office will be in Nashik
Gas based power plant in Tripura. • 1st Gas – based power plant at palatana in Tripura • 1st Such Power Company in India to be awarded with clean Development Mechanism by UN Frame work convention on climate change. • Rs. 9000 crore project set up by ONGC
GVK’s Ratle Hydel Plant in J&K • 850MW Ratle hydro – electric power plant on the River Chennab in J&K • Nations 1st hydroelectric Project that was bid out through tariff based international competitive bidding • Will cost Rs. 5,500 crore • The project was awarded to GVK power which offered. The lowest tariff for generating power.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
169 | P a g e
Rajasthan Launched A scheme for Energy Conservation • “Mukhyamantri Bijli Bachat Lamp Yojana” • Will provide 2 CFL bulbs free of cost to all electricity consumers of villages & BPL consumers in urban areas. • It will continue till Aug’2013 • State Government spent 100 crore on this scheme • Purpose of the scheme is to save energy and conservation of environment
Arogyavani • ‘Health information help line service” in Karnataka • The call centre has the provide information on the nearest Government Hospital before providing a private – sector alternative. • Main objective of this facility is to assist people living in rural or remote area who face difficults in accessing the services of qualified doctors and to provide information on any health problem
Mobile Subscribes largest in UP, T.N • 1. UP, TN, MH, AP, Bihar • India – world’s second largest mobile phone marker in terms of subscribers • Data from Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) • 861.66 million connections as on Feb – 2013
Gandhi Heritage sites mission • Objectives of conserving and restoring the heritage, sites associated with “Father of Nation”. • Assigned with the identification collation and assessment of the information of Gandhi Heritage Material.
India’s 1st yoga university in Gujarat • In Ahmedabad, Lakulish yoga university, established by life mission Trust of Gujarat. 1st ever such private sector self finance institution in the country.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
170 | P a g e
2 Major Port in WB, AP by cabinet approved through public – private partnership • Dugarajapatnam – Nellore district, AP • Sagar Island – WB
Criminal Law Amendment Bill – 2013 • Anti – rape Bill • Passed by LS – 19-3-2013 RS – 21-3-2013 • Punishment for offences like acid attacks stalking and Voyeurism
GOI approved the project for creation of National Optical Fiber Network (NOFN) • Connection all 2, 50, 000 gram panchayats.
Sexual Harassment of women at workplace (prevention, Prohibition and redressal) Bill – 2013 passed • A violation of women’s right to gender equality life and liberty • Affecting their economic Empowerment and the goal of inclusive growth
India’s first automatic toll collection system • In Maharastra
TN. Rs. 7000Cr. Underground Hydel Power Station • • • • •
Nilgiri distrits. 1st Unit of North Chennai Thermal Power Plant 3rd Unit of Vallur Project 2∗500 MW each of Tutucorin power project Generating powers between March to may 2014.
68 millions Indians living in slums • 1st Such Census Report by the Registration General of India • 19 Cities with million – plus population, 25% of house holds live in slums APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
171 | P a g e • A Majority – 71% of these are located in 6 states – MH, AP,TN, WB, MP & UP
Spice Park in M.P •
In mawan area of Guna district
Three High Courts (23rd march 2013) • Tripura – Justice Deepak Gupta • Manipur – Justice Abhay Manohar Sapre (Judge of Chattisgarh High Court) • Mehalaya – Justice Meena Kumari
The 1st state to Introduce e- GPF • Arunachal Pradesh • Online access to 34,000 GPF accounts • CM Nabam Tuki
All Juvenile crimes 64% by 16-18 years old age group • By National Crime Records Bureau data
Parliament attack case convict Afzal Guru hanged • • • • •
In 2001 parliament attack In Delhi’s Tihar Jail Death sentence given by Supreme Court in 2004 Mercy petition rejected on 23rd Jan 2013 The code name of the secret operation was “Three Star”
Rashtirya Bal Swasthya Karyakram • A new children health care project, a tribal block in Thane District in M.H • It is part of National Rural Health Mission • Improving overall quality of life of children through early detection of birth defective diseases and deficiencies
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
172 | P a g e
India’s 1st Geothermal plant in Chattisgarh • • • •
Chatisgarh Government signed MoU with NTPC In newly formed Balrampur district Plant will come up at Tata Pani in Balrampur District located in extreme northern region of the states
Land Acquisition Act to come into effect from 2014 January 1 Union Cabinet approved a Committee on Babhli Barrage issue Appointed of a three member supervisory committee headed by a representative of the central water commission On construction of Babhli Barrage issue One member from Andhra Pradesh One member from Maharastra.
Recent State Elections (Five) Chhattisgarh – (Phase I) & (Phase II), 90 member State Assembly Madhya Pradesh –– 230 members Rajasthan –– 200 members Delhi –– 70 members Mizoram –– 40 member
Five States Assembly Elections 2013 Chattisgarh – Total 90 seats BJP Madhya Pradesh – Toal 230 seats BJP Rajasthan – Total 200 seats BJP Delhi – Total 70 seats Aam Admi Party Mizoram – Total – 40 seats INC Mizoram People’s Conference - 1 APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
173 | P a g e
Foundation stone Laid for 1st Mega Food Park in Uttar Pradesh Shaktiman mega Food Park in Jagdispur (the 1st in the north India) of Amethi district in Uttar Pradesh
President approved development Board for Hyderbad – Karnataka Region. President issued an order, allowing the Karnataka Governor to establish a separate development board for the Hydrabad – Karnataka region under Article 371 J of the constitution The region comprises Gulbarga, Bidar, Raichur, Koppal, yadgir and Bellary districts The order was issued under the state of Karnataka (Special Responsibility of Governor of Karnataka – Hyderabad Region) order, 2013. under Article 371J of the constitution.
A New Plastic Park in Odisha Union Government sanctioned setting up of a plastic park in siju village, Kujanga Tehsil of Jagatsinghpur District in odisha. The plastic park is to be set up by a special purpose vehicle called “Paradeep Plastic Park Limited”
NSSO Released Latest Survey Report on Employment and unemployment in India Survey has revealed that the unemployment rate during the 5year period ending 2009-10 has fallen from 3.8% to 2.8% across cities and towns Surveybased on the eighth quinquennial survey on employment and unemployment conducted in the 66th round of NSS during July 2009 to June 2010 Unemployment rate ( 2009 -10) 1. Agra 5.5% 2. Parna – 13.2% 3. Ludhiana – 6.3% 4. Kanpur – 7.7% 5. Meerut – 3.9% APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
174 | P a g e Lowest rate of unemployment 1. Bhopal – 0.1% 2. Surat – 0.6% 3. Indore – 0.8% The proportion of employed men in 2009 – 10 1. 73% - Class 1 cities 2. 74% - Class 2 towns 3. 76% - Class 3 towns The proportion of employed women in 2009 -10 1. 17% - class 1 cities 2. 18% - class 2 towns 3. 21% - class 3 towns
Prime Minister Inaugurated Sardar Vallabhai Patel National Museum in Ahmedabad Gujarat CM laid the foundation stone of Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel’s Statue. Laid the foundation of the Statue of Unity a 182 metre tall statue (World’s Largest Statue) On his 138th birthday anniversary at Sardar Sarovar Dam Site in Bharuch district in Gujarat This statue which is being constructed at a cost of Rs. 2074 crore It will be double of the height of the statue of Liberty (13meters) in the USA The statue is to be build on an island called Sadhu Bet on the river Narmadha in Gujarat The ‘Spring Temple Buddha’s Statue in China is the closed rival at a height of 153 metre
Kannur declared First Zero Landless District in the country India’s 1st private Rapid metro service started operation from Gurgaon APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
175 | P a g e
Union government approved for legislative Council in Assam According to Article – 169 of Constitutions of India The legislative council will have 42 members
Supreme Court Judgement on Homo – sexuality Supreme Court of India upheld the constitutional validity of Sec of of IPC making gay sex an offence punishable with upto imprisonment A bench of Justice G.S. Singhvi and S.J. MuchkoPadhaya set side Delhi High Courts Verdict which had in 2009 decriminalised gay among consenting adults in private
Cabinet approved The Disabilities Bill 2011
Rights
of
Persons
377 life the sex
with
The Bill is a comprehensive measure that covers a whole spectrum of problems from physical disabilities to mental illness and multiple disabilities. It will replace the persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunity Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act of 1995 The Bill has been prepared on the basis of recommendation made by sudha kaul committee
Cabinet approved The Prevention of Communal and Targeted Violence (Access to Justice and Reparations) Bill 2013 The aimed to prevent and tackle the communal violence in the country and punish the perpetrators of the violence
Gujarat Scores Low on “Educational Development Index” It has slipped from 12th to 28th position in primary level From 8th to 14th rank in upper primary level Maharastra which retained the 8th rank Tamil Nadu which remains at the 3rd place APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
176 | P a g e
Government launched India’s Adolescent Health Programme
1st
comprehensive
Named “Rastriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram” (RKSK) in New Delhi The programme will include a sharp focus on adolescents sexual health. The RKSK defines an adolescent as a person with 10-19 years of age in Urban and rural areas includes both girls and boys, married and unmarried, poor and effluents, whether they are in school or out of school
National Urban Health Mission Launched in Bangalore to provide timely quality health services to the urban poor. The scheme will now be introduced as a Sub – mission under the NHM The mission will be implemented in 779 cities and towns, each with a population of more than 50,000 and cover over 7.75 crore people.
Total E- Literacy project in Kerala PM launched the total E-Literacy project. Implemented by PN Ranicker Vigyan Vikas Kendra in Thiruvananthpuram This would act as the corner stone of the Kerala model of development The programme was aimed at achieving total e-literacy in the State in 33 months. Marching from total literacy to complete literacy
M.H Government Launched Unique “Blood on Call” Scheme Maharastra C.M. Prithiviraj Chavan rolled out ‘Jeevan Amrut Yojana” (blood on call scheme) across the State The ambitious plan is aimed at facilitating blood supply to patients scheduled to undergo surgeries and medical procedures at cheaper rate by dialling a dedicated helpline no “104” Under the scheme, the request for blood will have to be placed by hospital
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
177 | P a g e
Chattisgarh Government launched Toll Free Number 1100 for Graft Complaints Where people could lodge graft-related complaints against the state government officials Now the people can just dial 1100 to lodge complaints regarding corruption
Anu Vidyut Pariyojana launched in Haryana PM laid the foundation of 2800MW nuclear power plant in Fatehabad district of Haryana It will have four units of 700MW each it will be built at a cost 23502 crores NPCIL will build these reactors This is the first time Haryana will have nuclear project
Maulana Azad Taleem – e – Balighan Scheme Launched Min. of state for HRD Dr. Shashi Tharoor under Sakshar Bharat at New Delhi The programme aims to impart functional literacy, Vocational Skill development and continuing education to one crore Muslim adults with outlay of Rs. 600 crore
India’s First monorail Service Inaugurated in Mumbai The monorail service that will link the city to major station will begin its first phase of 8.93 kms between wadala and chembur in the eastern fringes of the commercial capital
Odisha Lokayukta Bill 2014 Passed in Assembly With provision of keeping CM, ex. CM, other ministers and public servants under the purview of a six member anti-corruption panel The bill has provision similar that of the central Act which was passed in Parliament in December 2013
Chhattisgarh Government to set up a Law commission To suggest changes in laws as per the geographical and social requirement of the stat APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
178 | P a g e
The Union Cabinet cleared reservation for Jat community by under the central list of OBC category in 9 northern states. The central list of OBC’s for the states of Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, M.P, Rajasthan, UttarKhand, UP & Delhi
Maulana Azad Sehat Scheme For the benefits and welfare of minorities of India Sehat card will be issued by every student of the Institution Financially aided by Maulana Azad Education Foundation
National Food Security Act Comes into Force in M.P Total Population of 75% people will be covered under the Act.
Delhi – Mumbai Industrial Corridor Launched in UP The Union Ministry of Commerce and Industry and U.P Government Launched in Lucknow U.P is poised to go through a transformation in terms of Industrialisation and generation of employment This is because U.P is the meeting point of Eastern and Western Corridors
Assam Becomes 1st Indian State to observe Child Protection Day -- On 4th march 2014. Arunachal Pradesh Assembly Passed Lokayaukta Bill – 2014 With provision of keeping the CM, other ministers MLA’s heads of Panchayats and Municipalities Trusts and Public Servants under the Purview of a six member anti-corruption panel
2014 – LokSabha and Assembly Elections 16th Loksabha Elections 9 Stages 15th Lok Sabha to expire on 31 may 2014. Four States Assembly election also announced Sikkim, Odisha, A.P and Arunachal Pradesh APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
179 | P a g e This is the first Lok Sabha Poll in which the Voters can reject all candidates by choosing the NOTA options. Turnout Leader Party Alliance Leader's seat Last election Seats won
66.38% Narendra Modi BJP NDA Vadodara (vacated) Varanasi 116 NDA: 159 BJP: 282 NDA: 336
Rahul Gandhi INC UPA
J. Jayalalithaa AIADMK
Amethi
Did not contest
206 UPA: 262 INC: 44 UPA: 58
9 37
Nagaland and Assam First States to get Plastic Photo Identity Card It was announced by the Deputy Election Commissioner Sudhir Tripathi in Kohima on 12th March 2014
J & K becomes 1st state to declare Poll Booth as “No Smoking zones” India Supreme Court recognizes Transgender as Third Gender The apex court claimed transgender as socially and economically backward The court also directed Union and States government to adopt measures for bringing the community into the mainstream by providing adequate healthcare, education and employment
Shompens of A & N islands casted votes for the first time for Loksabha In Great Nicobar on 10th April Shompens- one of the stone age tribes – casted the votes for the Lok Sabha Constituency of Bay islands
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
180 | P a g e
Mizoram Government refused to Repatriate Bru Refuges within 3 months Refused to repatriate all the Bru refugees lodged in Six Tirupura relief camp within three months Earlier the state government has agreed to the demand of the NGO co ordination committee After the end of ongoing election process The Bru Refugees also called Reang Refugees They are original inhabitants of mammit Sub Division of Aizawl District of Mizoram They started arriving in North Tripura’s Kanchanpur subdivision since 29th October 1997.
High Content of Manganese detected in Sedaulin Resuvoir of Goa S.C. lifts mining Ban in Goa
Telungana triggers demands for more states. • WB – Gorkha Janmukti Morcha demands Gorkhaland • Assam – Karbi Anglong state Bodoland • Mayavathi govt – Purvanchal, Bundelkhand, Awadh pradeh, paschim pradesh • Ajit Singh – Harit Pradesh. (Rastriya Lok Dal) • Uma Bharathi – Bundelkhand • MP Jagdambika Pal – eastern UP • West – Vidarbha
National Teeka Express • by Ghulam Nabi Azad • Aims at protecting children from life – threatening childhood diseases. • Under Routine Immunization Programme
MP government to slash VAT on ATF to 5 % • Fourth state in India • Vat on Aviation Turbine fuel • Reduced 23% to 5% in the state APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
181 | P a g e
“Ghen Bhitra Janta” agitation in West Bengal • Gorkha Mukti Morcha organizes this agitation • Means people Inside Homes • Hills of Darjeeling district
World largest solar park in Rajasthan At Bhadla in Jodhpur – Rajasthan Established 10,000 hectare land 1000MW Capacity Asian Development Bank will provide Rs 30,000cr loan for transmission lines of this solar park • Three more solar parks are proposed to be established in Jaisalmer, Barmer and Bikaner district with the help of the Clinton foundation • • • •
Wild life Protection Amendment Bill – 2013 • Wild life protection Act 1972 • Seek heavier penalties to check wild life related crimes and • Aim to make Indian laws consistent with the conversion on International Trade in Endangered species of wild flora and fauna (CITES)
Draft on National Sports Development Bill 2013 • To bring all the national sports federations and the BCCI under the RTI Act and seeking views of general public and all the stake – holder • Aimed at discouraging sports fraud, including match-fixing, in relation to national and international sporting events.
Government nod to Judicial Appointments Commission • • • •
CJ of India – Head 2 Judges of S.C Law minister 2 persons as members and secretary (Justice) in the law ministry as member secretary
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
182 | P a g e Births and Death & Bill in Rajya Sabha • The Registration of Births and deaths (Amendment) Bill 2012 • Head of the family, name of Priest, name of police officials concerned should be mentioned in the information sheets
First Indigenous Aircraft Carrier launched • Built by the cochin shipyard limited, • Warship will be fitted with long Range surface to Air missile system with multi function radar and close in weapon system • M:G 29K fighter jets, light combat Aircraft & helicopter • India joined the select club of nations like US, France, Russia & the U.K who are capable of designing and building 40,000 tonne aircraft carriers • The much – delayed INS Vikramaditya also having a displacement of 45,000 tonnes is likely to be handed over to the navy by Russia • Extensive sea trials in 2016. Will be commissioned by 2018. The time when Viraat would have clocked the time for its decommissioning.
Agni V to be operational by 2015 • By 2015 (after 3 successful test firing) • Intercontinental ballistic missile • Range of 5,000 km
Appointment of new chief Justices • Jharkand – R. Banumati • Delhi – N.V. Ramana (Acting CJ of A.P) • Megalya – PC. Pant
Japan’s biggest warship since ww II • It bears strong resemblance to a conventional aircraft • The ship dubbed “Izumo” • 250m long
Germany to recognize “Undetermined” as gender • 1st country in Europe to join a small group of nations which recognize a third or ‘undermined’ sex when registering births
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
183 | P a g e • From Nov ‘1 babies born in Germany without clear gender – determining physical Characteristics may get birth certificates registered without a reference to their sex.
Tshering Tobgay • Bhutan’s new PM to maiden Visit to India
Nurial – Maliki • Iraqi PM came to India
India bans hunting of shark • India has banned hunting sharks for their fins in a move to prtect endangered species • The practice has exploded world wide due to demand from china due to demand from china where shark fin soup is considered a delicacy • India lists several of the dozens of shark species in its water as endangered including hammerheads, broad fins and whale sharks.
Cabinet appoves TUFS for XIIth plan • For implementation and continuation of the technology up gradation fund scheme (TUFS) during the XII plan period. With major focus on power looms with a total outlay of Rs. 11,200 crores. • The scheme is aimed to promote indigenous manufacturing of textile machinery
SJSRY to be restructured: • Proposal for restructuring of the centrally sponsored scheme of Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar yojana in 12th plan and as the National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM) with an allocation of approx Rs. 6,405 crores • The mission of NULM is to reduce poverty and vulnerability of the Urban poor households by enabling them to access gainful self – employment and skilled wage employment opportunities
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
184 | P a g e
NPCDCS to be expanded to all districts • The national programme for prevention and control of cancer, Diabetes, Cardio Vascular diseases and stroke (NPCDCS) will be expanded to all districts in the country during the 12th plan • National Tobacco central programme (NTCP) • Cricketer Rahul Dravid has been roped in as the Health ministry’s Ambassador for tobacco central programme
Rs. 1lakh crore education programme • Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) programme • To be spread over the 12th and 13th plan periods is to set up new universities and upgrade existing autonomous colleges to universities and to take up. Gross enrollment Ratio in higher education sector, the existing 18% to 30% • The strategy also includes converting existing degree colleges to model schools
Nagaland 1st to use VVPAT device for voting • Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) with electronic voting machines for the by election to Noksen Assembly Constituency • It allows the voter to check whether his vote has been recorded with the candidate, he had wished to vote for in the EVM
Tripura the most literate state in India • It achieved the first position in literacy with 94.65% • Kerala 93.91% • Tripura jumped to 1st position from 12th position in the 2001 census & 4 the position in 2011 census • Muzorum – 91.58% • Arunachal pradesh – 66.95% Second lowest literacy Bihar – 63.82%
Sikkim to increase forest cover • Highest among all states • Greenest state in the country • 3,359 sq.km – 47.3% of state geographical area as compared to 21% of the national coverage • 5000sq.km – very dense forest APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
185 | P a g e • • • •
2,161 sq.km – moderately dense 698 sq.km – under open forests It spent Rs. 10 crores on green mission Around 45 lakhs indigenous trees, shrubs, herbs, climbers, creepers, conifers and green foliages including fruits and medicinal plants have been planted under the green mission to create a store house of genetic diversity
UNESCO help for Darjeeling Railway • Darjeeling Himalayan Railway popularly known as Toy Train, it covers 88km stretch • It runs between new Jalpaiguri & Darjeeling • It is partially operational following a landslide back in 2010 • UNESCO to provides $ 600,000 to restore the toy train service. It was started in 1881
Delhi tops per capita income: • Highest per capita income in the country • Average per capita income of more than Rs. 2lakh/year in 2012-13
Pension Scheme for MGNREGS workers • Kerala Government proposes to introduce a pension scheme for workers registered under the MGNREG Act • This is the 1st pension scheme to be launched for MGNREGS workers in the country
Bills
Parliament passed whistleblower Protection Bill The bill aims to provide a regular mechanism to encourage person to disclose information on corruption or will ful misuse power by Public Servants and ministers The bill was passed by Lok Sabha in 2011 and was taken up by the Upper House in 2012 for consideration
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
186 | P a g e
Land Acquisition Bill passed (LS) • Right to Fair compensation and Transparency in land Acquisition Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill 2012, will replace the existing century old law Highlights • Mandatory consent of at least 70% for acquiring land for PPF projects & 80% for acquiring land for private companies • Compensation 4 times market values in rural 2 times market values in urban • Wakj land will not be acquired under this law • Provides for compensation not only to the farmers but also to the land less people who may lose their livelihood • Earlier law requires consulting Gram Sabhs while the new provides for ‘’consent” of gram sabha in case of land acquisition under the law
Bill to give PFRDA Statutory powers passed • Pension Fund Regulatory and development Authority Bill. Which seeks to give statutory powers the interim regulator constituted by a executive order in 2003 Highlights • FDI cap for pension sector, fixed at 26% • PF Subscribes will get the option to invest their money in schemes with min. assured returns • At least 40% of subscribers money under the proposed pension fund will have to be mandatorily annuitized.
Loksabha passes bill on waqf Properties The waqf Amendment Bill, 2010 Bill against manual scavengers passed: • The prohibition of Employment as manual scavengers and their Rehabilitation Bill 2012
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
187 | P a g e
RECENT INTERNATIONAL ISSUES Bolivian President Evo Morales assumes G77 Chairmanship • Bolivia was chosen head of the G-77 which actually groups 133 developing nations • To over the chairmanship from outgoing Fiji. • The organisation was created in June 1964. With the purpose of formulation and promoting the new economic interest of southern countries within the United Nations System.
Libya Destroyed All Chemical weapons. • It has completely destroyed the chemical arsenal it inherited from Moamer Kadhaji
Matteo Renzi named new Italian Prime Minister. • The leader of Italy’s centre-left Democratic Party (PD) • He would be the country’s youngest – ever Prime Minister
Arseniy Yatsenyuk Electedd As Ukraine Interim Prime Minister. • The Ukrainian Parliament hass elected former opposition leader Arseniy Yatsenyuk as the country’s Interim Prime Minister.
Saudi Arabia Declared Muslim Brother hood as a terrorist Group • Saudi Arabia blacklisted the Muslim Brotherhood as a terrorist organisation along with three other middle East-based Islamist groups • 1. Kingdom’s Branch of the Shiite Movement Hezbollah 2. Syria based militant groups the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) 3. The al-Qaeda Linked al – Nursa Front.
Sanchez Ceren Elected as El Salvador’s President. • Former leftist rebel commander has won presidential election. • He could be the first ex-rebel to serve as President.
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
188 | P a g e
Russia Recognizes Crimea As a Soveregin State. • Putin signed a decree on recognizing Crimea as a soverign state after the Ukrainian region declared itself independent and applied to join Russia following a week and referendum • G 8 Nations Suspended Russia from elite club of world powers. • The decree posted on the kremlin’s website • This announcement of suspension of Russia was made by Laurent Fabius, the Foreign Minister of France.
EU Signed Landmark Political Deal with Ukraine: • EU Summit in Brussels
Maladives Ruling Coalition wins parliamentary Election • Maladives President Abdulla Yamcen’s party and its coalition partners have won parliamentary election • He belongs to progressive party • Opposition – Democratic Party – Mohamad Nasheed – former President – ousted from power in 2012
Philippines signs Deal with Muslim Rebels • The deal between the government of President Benigno Aquino and Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) was signed in the capital manila.
Andrej Kiska Elected as Slovakia President • He becomes the Slovakia’s Fourth President since the country gained independence after the Split of Czechoslovakia in 1993
Karim Massimov named as new PM of Kazakhstan Viktor Oraban Re-elected as P.M of Hungary China recruits “Guardian Angels’ to Protest Embattled Doctors. • China’s Capital Beijing is taking a novel approach to protecting doctors from growing levels of Violence from angry patients • Volunteer ‘ Guardian Angels’ APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
189 | P a g e • The Campaign will recruit students, medical workers and other patients to act as middleman between doctors and those in their case to defuse disagreements and smooth over tension.
Sale of HIV self-Testing kits Legalised in the U.K • The new law allows individual to buy the self-testing kits available on shops and self diagnose for HIV at home itself
“State of food Insecurity in the world 2013” Report (FAO) • by food and Agricultural organisation and the International fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and world Food Programme (WFP) • 2012-12 = 868 million people suffered from chronic hunger • 2011-13 = 842 million people suffered from chronic hunger • Vast majority of hungry people in developing regions • 15.7 million lived in developed countries.
Gambia decided to withdraw from the Common wealth. • It was established in 1949 • West African country joined the common wealth of Nations in 1965 • The Last country to be withdrawn from the common wealth was Zimbabwe in 2003
Malatha Teshome Elected new President of Ethiopia Switzerland Signed OECD Tax convention • It signed the multilateral tax convention on mutual administrative assistance in tax matters. • It developed by the organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECB) & council of Europe. • Switzerland is the 58th country to sign the Convention
Five New members Elected to UN Security Council • The New Council members will replace Azerbaijan, Guatemala, Morocco, Pakistan and Togo APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
190 | P a g e
Taiwan and Singapore Signed Free Trade Agreement • It is the 1st trade agreement Taiwan was signed with a member of the Association of Southeast Nations • Singapore is Taiwan’s 5th largest trade partner and 4th largest export market
US named Nigeria’s Boko Haram “Terrorist Group” • The Nigerian Islamist group responsible for 2011 bombing of the UN Head Quarters in Abjua, as a “foreign terrorist organisation” • Boko Haram means “Western education is Sacrilege”
Jordan Elected to UN Security Council as a Non-Permanent Members: • To replace Saudi Arabia • Saudi Arabia has rejected its sent in protest at the UN Council’s failure to end the war in Syria and act on other Middle East issues • Jordan will now join with Lithuania, Chile, Nigeria and Chad.
Thailand’s PM Parliament
Yingluck
Shinawatra
Dissolves
Israel, Jordan, Palestiniqus Signed water Sharing Agreement • It could protect the Dead Sea from rising demand for water in the region
Uruguay Becomes World’s First Country to Legalize Marijuana Trade. • It become 1st country in the world to make it legal to grow, sell and consume Marijuana
India and World India to reach 160 cr population by 2050 • According to French Institute to Demographic Studies (INED) Survey report
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
191 | P a g e
Bangladesh and India inaugurated Joint Power Transmission Plant • Both the PM jointly laid the foundation stone for 1220 Megawatt Maitri Thermal Power Project • If being developed by Bangladesh – India. India friendship power company which in a Joint Venture of India’s NTPC and Bangladesh Power Development Board
India and Japan singed MoU for Joint Study on High Speed Railway Stations • On the 534km Mumbai- Ahmedabad route
India Singed MoUs with Seven Countries for Nalanda University Project • With Australia, Cambodia, Singapore, Brunei, Newzealand, Lao PDR and Myanmar
Global Hunger Index Report 2013 •
India has moved from 65 to 63 in the Global Hunger Index
India and Finland Signed an Agreement of Produce Ethanol. • In a 1st of its kind initiatives to promote use of clean technologies, • To produce indigenous ethanol and reduce country’s dependence on its import.
Global Slavery Index – 2013 • • • •
By Australian Based rights organisation Walk Free Foundation (WFF) 14 million Indians are living in conditions of modern day Slavery 1st Mauritania, 2nd Haiti. With about one in 10 children trapped in an exploitative system of Child labour 30 million across the world.
Global tuber culosis report- 2013 • • • •
By WHO According to the report. TB killed 1.3 million people world wide in 2012 While India alone accounted for 26% of total TB cases Globally India and South Africa accounted for about 1/3 of global TB deaths APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
192 | P a g e • 75% of total TB deaths occurred in the Africa and South East Asia regions in 2012.
Global Gender Gap Index – 2013 • By Geneva based world Economic Forum • India ranked 101 out of 136 countries • Where as in 2012, India secured 105th position. In the Index of 135 countries • 1st Iceland, 2nd Finland, 3rd Norway
India – Russia Concluded Joint Military Exercise – “INDRA 2013” • Held from 19-20 October at Mahajan field firing range of Rajasthan in India • The Indo – Russian Joint Military Exercise INDRA 2012 was held from 7-16 August at Burduny training range in the Siberian Republic of Buryatin in Russia
“Mahatma Gandhi Pravasi Suraksha Yojana Scheme Launched in Dubai” World Prosperity Index – 2013 • By London based Legatum Insititute • 142 countries • India has Slipped by 5 places to 106the spot way below neighbouring Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and China • 1st Norway. China – 51, Sri Lanka – 60, Nepal – 102, Bangladesh – 103, 2nd – Switzerland, 3rd – Canada, 4th Sweden, 5th – New Zealand • The 2013 Legatum Prosperity Index evaluates nations in eight categories, including education, health, economy, safety and security
Global Corruption Perception Index 2013 • By Transparency International • Denmark and New Zealand tied for first place with scores of 91 • Afghanistan, North Korea and Somalia make up the worst performers scoring just 8 points each • India maintained a status with 94 ranks both in 2013 and 2012. APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
193 | P a g e
ICA allow India to Construct Kishenganga Project • The International Court of Arbitration at Hague has allowed India to build Kishenganga Dam in the Occupied Kashmir. However the neighbouring country has been ordered to provide half of the dam’s water to Pakistan • The court also decided that India shall release a minimum flow of nine cubic meters per second into the Kishenganga/Neelam River below the Kishenganga hydro electric project (KHEP) at all times. • India’s 330 MW Kishanganga hydro electric Project world affect Pakistan’s 969MW Nelum – Jhelum hydro electric project • The issue of minimum flow was left unresolved by the partial award issued on February 2013
India and US Signed a deal for six C-130J Super Hercules
LATEST TERMINOLOGY • ABM - Anti-ballistic missile • AERB Atomic Energy Regulatory Board • AIDS – Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome • ASSOCHAM – Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India • AAPI —Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders • AGOC —Asian Games Organisation Committee • ASEAN - Association of South East Asian Nations • APEDA — Agricultural and Processed Food Products Exports Development Authority • BARC - Bhabha Atomic Research Centre APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
194 | P a g e
• BIFR - Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction • BCSBI —Banking Codes and Standards Board of India • BIMSTEC —Bay of Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical Economic Cooperation • BSF —Border Security Force • CERN - European Organization for Nuclear Research • CFO – Chief Finance officer • CRR - Cash Reserve Ratio • CTBT - Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty • CITU — Centre of Indian Trade Unions • CSIR —Council of Scientific and Industrial Researc • DSL – Digital subscriber line • DTH - direct-to-home • ECG – electrocardiogram • EEG- Electro Encephalography • ELISA – Enzyme Linked Immuno Solvent Assay (Used for AIDS testing) • ESMA- Essential Services Maintenance Act • ECOWAS —Economic Community of West African States • FBI – Federal Bureau of Investigation APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
195 | P a g e
• FIFA
—Federation
International
de
Football
Association • FIPB —Foreign Investment Promotion Board • FSLRC – Financial Sector Legislative Reforms Commission • GST- Goods and Service Tax • GPS – Global Positioning System • GSLV – Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle • HTML- Hyper Text Markup Language • HTTP- Hypertext Transfer Protocol • ICU – Intensive care Unit • INMAS – Institute of Nuclear Medicines • INTUC - Indian National Trade Union Congress • IOC - International Olympic Committee • IPR – Intellectual Property Right • IRBM - Intermediate-range ballistic missile • ISO – International standards organization • IABF — Indian Amatuer Boxing Federation • IAEA —International Atomic Energy Agency • IMF —International Monetary Fund
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
196 | P a g e
• IRNSS —Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System • LCA - Light Combat Aircraft • LTA- Light Transport Aircraft • NAA – National Airports Authority • NCERT - National Council of Educational Research and Training • NDRF National Disaster Response Force • NIFTEM - National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship & Management • NMDC – National mineral Development corporation • NPR – National Population Register • NAFDAC —National Agency for Food & Drug Administration and Control • NASSCOM – National Association of Software and Services Companies • NATO —North Atlantic Treaty Organization • NBFC – Non Banking Finance Companies • OGL – Open General License. • OPEC – Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries • PAN – permanent Account Number APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
www.tnschools.co.in
197 | P a g e
• SDR – Special Drawing Rights (Created by the World Bank) • SEBI – Securities and Exchange Board of India • TARC —Tax Administration Reform Commission • TCS – Tata Consultancy Services • UNEP – United Nations Environment Programme • UNESCO —United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization • WLL – Wireless in Local Loop • WMD – Weapons of Mass destruction • ZSI - Zoological Survey of India
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE, NO.25 NANDHI LOOP STREET, WEST C.I.T. NAGAR, CHENNAI – 35. Call: Call: 044 – 42867555/ 044 – 24339436/ 9840226187/ 9789918859 9789918859 Mailto: Mailto: [email protected] Visit: www.appolosupport.com / www.appolotraining.com/ www.appolo.pbworks.com
APPOLO STUDY CENTRE 044 – 24339436 / 42867555/ 9840226187
