Computer Science E-75 Building Dynamic Websites Harvard Extension School http://www.cs75.net/

Lecture 12: Scalability David J. Malan [email protected] 0

Recommended Reading „

„

„

„

„

Building Scalable Websites by Henderson High Performance MySQL by Zawodny and Balling MySQL Clustering by Davis and Fisk Scalable Internet Architectures by Schlossnagle ...

1

Vertical Scaling „

CPU …

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Disk … …

„ „

cores, L2 Cache, ... PATA, SATA, SAS, ... RAID

RAM ...

2

Horizontal Scaling

Image from wikimedia.org.

3

PHP Acceleration „ „ „

Code Optimization Opcode Caching ...

4

PHP Accelerators „

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Alternative PHP Cache (APC) http://pecl.php.net/package/APC eAccelerator http://eaccelerator.net/ XCache http://xcache.lighttpd.net/ Zend Platform http://www.zend.com/en/products/platform/ ...

5

Load Balancing at Layer 4

Image from Building Scalable Websites.

6

Load Balancing with BIND www www www www

IN IN IN IN

A A A A

64.131.79.131 64.131.79.132 64.131.79.133 64.131.79.134

7

Load Balancing at Layer 7

Image from Building Scalable Websites.

8

Sticky Sessions „ „

Layer-7 Load Balancing? Shared Storage? FC, iSCSI, NFS, etc.

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Cookies?

9

Load Balancers „

Software … … … … … …

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LVS Perlbal Pirhana Pound Ultra Monkey ...

Hardware … … … …

Cisco Citrix F5 ...

10

Caching „ „ „ „

.html MySQL Query Cache memcached ...

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.html

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MySQL Query Cache query_cache_type = 1

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/query-cache.html

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memcached $memcache = memcache_connect(HOST, PORT); $user = memcache_get($memcache, $id); if (is_null($user)) { mysql_connect(HOST, USER, PASS); mysql_select_db(DB); $result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id=$id"); $user = mysql_fetch_object($result, User); memcache_set($memcache, $user->id, $user); }

http://www.danga.com/memcached/ http://us2.php.net/memcache

14

MySQL

Image from High Performance MySQL.

15

MySQL

Excerpted from http://dev.mysql.com/tech-resources/articles/storage-engine/part_3.html.

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Replication: Master-Slave

Excerpted from High Performance MySQL.

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Replication: Master-Master

Excerpted from High Performance MySQL.

18

Load Balancing + Replication

Excerpted from High Performance MySQL.

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... + Partitioning

Excerpted from High Performance MySQL.

20

High Availability

Excerpted from High Performance MySQL.

21

Computer Science E-75 Building Dynamic Websites Harvard Extension School http://www.cs75.net/

Lecture 12: Scalability David J. Malan [email protected] 22

Computer Science E-75 - Building Dynamic Websites

Page 2 ... 11. Caching. ▫ .html. ▫ MySQL Query Cache. ▫ memcached. ▫ . ... query_cache_type = 1 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/query-cache.html ...
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