Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on

Context-Awareness in Geographic Information Services (CAGIS 2014) in conjunction with GIScience 2014

Vienna, Austria 23 September 2014

Haosheng Huang, Jürgen Hahn, Christophe Claramunt, Tumasch Reichenbacher (Eds.)

CAGIS 2014

Editors Haosheng Huang, Jürgen Hahn Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation Vienna University of Technology 1040 Vienna Austria {haosheng.huang, juergen.hahn}@tuwien.ac.at

Christophe Claramunt Naval Academy Research Institute Lanvéoc-Poulmic, BP 600, Brest naval France [email protected]

Tumasch Reichenbacher Geographic Information Visualization & Analysis (GIVA) Department of Geography University of Zurich - Irchel Winterthurerstr. 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland [email protected]

Copyright © 2014 for the individual papers by the papers’ authors.

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Preface This document contains the proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Context-awareness in Geographic Information Services (CAGIS 2014), held on September 23, 2014 in Vienna, Austria, in conjunction with the 8th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2014). Recent years have seen an increasing interest in using geographic information services such as Location-Based Services (LBS) in assisting our daily behavior and decision-making. For effectively supporting users, these services should provide information and services adapted to a user’s context, needs and preferences. For example, when recommending places for a tourist to visit, different context information such as weather, time (e.g., weekdays vs. weekends) and with whom (e.g., alone vs. with children vs. with others) is often needed to provide relevant results. From this sense, context-awareness and adaptation play a key role in geographic information services. Questions related to understanding and dealing with the context in which a user is interacting with geographic information through an information service on a computer device (let it be a mobile phone, or a data center cluster, or everything in between) have been investigated by different lines of research within the field of Geographic Information Science, for example: Geographic Information Retrieval, Location-Based Services, Mobile Cartography, and Recommender Systems. Different approaches have been proposed in the literature to model and use context information in geographic information services. This workshop aimed to provide a forum for these lines of research to meet and to discuss how context-awareness can be introduced into geographic information services to provide information and services that are adapted to a user’s context. The objective was to outline an overview of the “state of the art” of context-awareness in geographic information services, as well as to identify and formulate key research questions for the future development of the field. The CAGIS 2014 workshop featured two keynote talks, and eight presentations of papers. Each paper has been reviewed by three or more members of the Program Committee. We are grateful for the collaborative efforts of the authors, the members of the Program Committee, and our keynote speakers Carsten Keßler (Hunter College – CUNY) and Kazutoshi Sumiya (University of Hyogo). Finally, we would like to thank the GIScience organizers, especially Paolo Fogliaroni in helping organizing the workshop. September 2014

Haosheng Huang Jürgen Hahn Christophe Claramunt Tumasch Reichenbacher iii

CAGIS 2014

Program Committee Kate Beard, University of Maine, USA Michela Bertolotto, University College Dublin, Ireland Alexis Comber, University of Leicester, UK Stefano De Sabbata, Oxford Internet Institute, UK Paolo Fogliaroni, Vienna University of Technology, Austria Christian Freksa, University of Bremen, Germany Peter Fröhlich, Telecommunications Research Center Vienna, Austria Georg Gartner, Vienna University of Technology, Austria Sven Gehring, DFKI, Germany Bo Huang, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Ki-Joune Li, Pusan National University, South Korea Xiang Li, East China Normal University, China Farid Karimipour, University of Tehran, Iran Carsten Kessler, Hunter College New York, USA Miguel Félix Mata Rivera, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico Liqiu Meng, Technische Universität München, Germany Mir Abolfazl Mostafavi, Laval University, Canada Giuliana Pallotta, NATO STO CMRE, Italy Cyril Ray, Naval Academy Research Institute, France Tapani Sarjakoski, Finnish Geodetic Institute, Finland Christoph Schlieder, University of Bamberg, Germany Kazutoshi Sumiya, University of Hyogo, Japan Taro Tezuka, University of Tsukuba, Japan Bisheng Yang, Wuhan University, China

Organizing Committee Chairs: Jürgen Hahn, Haosheng Huang, Vienna University of Technology, Austria Christophe Claramunt, Naval Academy Research Institute, France Tumasch Reichenbacher, University of Zurich, Switzerland

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Table of Contents Keynote Talks Carsten Keßler Research in the Age of the Context Machine .............................................................. 1 Kazutoshi Sumiya Less-Conscious Information Retrieval Techniques for Location Based Services ....... 2

Contributed Papers Kate Beard, Melinda Neville A Place and Event Based Context Model for Environmental Monitoring ................... 3 Stefano De Sabbata, Tumasch Reichenbacher Computing Geographic Relevance in Mobile Information Services ......................... 17 Ali Javidaneh, Farid Karimipour Exploring the Addressing Contexts ........................................................................... 29 Alfredo Alessandrini, Pietro Argentieri, Marlene Alvarez Alvarez, Thomas Barbas, Conor Delaney, Virginia Fernandez Arguedas, Vincenzo Gammieri, Harm Greidanus, Fabio Mazzarella, Michele Vespe, Lukasz Ziemba Data Driven Contextual Knowledge from and for Maritime Situational Awareness ............................................................................................... 39 Virginia Fernandez Arguedas, Giuliana Pallotta, Michele Vespe Unsupervised Maritime Pattern Analysis to Enhance Contextual Awareness ........... 50 Ljubica Gajevic Context Information in Development of Geographic Information Services for Inclusion of Pedestrians with Disabilities ............................................................ 62 Najmeh Neysani Samany, Mahmoud Reza Delavar, Nicholas Chrisman, Mohammad Reza Malek DIA5: An Approach for Modeling Spatial Relevancy in a Tourist Context- Aware System ............................................................................................. 72 Habtom Tsega, Rob Lemmens, Juma Lungo, Menno-Jan Kraak, Anna Wesselink The Nexus of Content and Process in Context Ontology Modelling ......................... 85

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Keynote talk 1

Research in the Age of the Context Machine Carsten Keßler Hunter College – CUNY, USA [email protected]

Abstract One of the major challenges in the development of context-aware applications has always been the initial step of collecting enough information about a user's context. With the increasing prevalence of smartphones equipped with a plethora of sensors, more and more users have a context machine on them that constantly collects, uses, and transmits different kinds of passively collected contextual information. Additionally, many users actively provide contextual information by participating in online social networks. This talk will shed some light on the implications of these developments for research on context awareness. Starting with a brief review of the history of research in context awareness, it will discuss the role of research conducted in industry in this field, upcoming research challenges, and implications for user privacy.

Speaker's Bio Carsten Keßler is an Assistant Professor for Geographic Information Science at the Department of Geography at Hunter College–CUNY in New York and Associate Director of the Center for Advanced Research of Spatial Information. He is one of the organizers of the Linked Science workshop series and co-chairing the W3C Emergency Information Community group. Before moving to New York in fall 2013, he was a post-doc researcher in the Semantic Interoperability Lab at Institute for Geoinformatics, University of Münster, Germany. His research interests are in the areas of context modeling, information integration, geospatial semantics, linked data, volunteered geographic information, emergency management, and participatory GIS.

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Keynote talk 2

Less-Conscious Information Retrieval Techniques for Location Based Services Kazutoshi Sumiya University of Hyogo, Japan [email protected]

Abstract We have developed methods which can deal with the users' interaction without conventional conscious searching. When a user generally performs map operations with certain information retrieval intentions (less-conscious), a system using our method can detect the specific operation sequences. For example, if the user performs zooming-in and centering operations, the user is narrowing down the search area to a certain location. We define such operation sequences as chunks. The system detects the chunks and uses them to analyze the user's operations and thereby detect the user's intentions. We have developed several prototype systems based on the proposed methods.

Speaker's Bio Prof. Kazutoshi Sumiya received his BE and ME degrees in instrumentation engineering from Kobe University in 1986 and 1988, respectively. Then he joined Panasonic (Matsushita Electric Industrial Co). He received his Ph.D in Information media from Kobe University in 1998. He left the company and became a lecturer at Kobe University in 1999, and then was promoted to an associate professor in 2000. He became an associate professor in 2001 at Kyoto University and a professor at the University of Hyogo in 2004. At Kobe University and Kyoto University, he developed information dissemination systems and fusion technique for broadcast media and network media. At the University of Hyogo, he is developing nextgeneration information techniques. He is a chair of Database System special interest group (DBS) in the Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ) and a co-editor of IPSJ Transaction on Database.

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