Estimation of the Total Cost of Bridge Construction In Accelerated Bridge Construction Selection Decisions Author Jianmin Jia, Ph.D. Candidate Mohamed Ibramim, Ph.D. Candidate Mohammed Hadi, Ph.D., P.E. Wallied Orabi, Ph.D., P.E. Ali Mostafavi, Ph.D., P.E. Yan Xiao, Ph.D., P.E. Florida International University January 2016

Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC)  On-site

Source: WSDOT website

construction

 Reduce

construction time

 Reduce

traffic and other impacts

Existing Decision-making tools Qualitative tools   

Decision Matrix Flow Chart Questionnaire

Existing Decision-making tools Quantitative tools  Oregon ABC AHP analysis tool

• Road User Costs Important aspect of the decision process

Source: FHWA, 2011

Framework

Construction Costs A total of 65 projects were collected form 29 states. • • • •

Bridge location Bridge type AADT No. of spans

Construction Costs Bridge Location 26 39 Urban

# of Projects

Bridge Types

Rural

15 50

# of Projects

ADT

# of Projects 25 20 15 10 5 0

Concrete

Steel

# of Projects 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1

# of Spans

2

3

4

5

06-10

Mobility • Mobility assessment mainly includes travel delay, speed, travel time and queue. • Could be assessed using sketch planning tools, HCM facility procedures, simulation, and/or assignment (SHRP 2 R11); depending on analysis level 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 ∗ 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 ∗ 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉

Reliability • Reliability is a measure of how consistent or predictable travel times are over time. • Could be assessed based on sketch level (SHRP 2 L03) or more detailed simulation-based DTA (SHRP 2 L04) 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 ∗ 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵

𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 ∗ 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 ∗ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ∗

(95%𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 − 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴) 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

Traveler and Work Safety

𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 ∗ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈

Emission

𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ∗ 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 ∗ 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸(𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃, 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠)

Case Study I-4/Graves Avenue, Orlando  Work zone with 3 lanes  Detour route with 2 lanes  AADT:67,000 vehicles per day  Rural area close to Orlando, FL

Lane Closure Alternatives ABC Method  Requires I-4 to close one outside lane from 21:00 to 24:00 for only 4 nights detour; 8- month closure for Graves Avenue.

Conventional Method I –Hypothetical Alternative  Requires I-4 to close two outside lanes from 21:00 to 24:00 for 48 nights; 12- month closure for Graves Avenue.

Conventional Method II – Actual Alternative  Requires I-4 to close all the lanes from 21:00 to 24:00 for 32 nights; 12- month closure for Graves Avenue.

Results

Results

Construction

+

Mobility

Total Costs Construction

Conclusion • Mobility, reliability, safety and emission costs are important to incorporate in estimation ABC costs. • ABC method can have a higher construction cost than conventional methods but become more cost effective when considering user cost. • Further and more detailed analysis of ABC construction costs, indirect costs and agency costs is currently being conducted.

Questions?