strel Create morphological structuring element (STREL)

Syntax SE = strel(shape, parameters) SE = strel('arbitrary', NHOOD) SE = strel('arbitrary', NHOOD, HEIGHT) SE = strel('ball', R, H, N) SE = strel('diamond', R) SE = strel('disk', R, N) SE = strel('line', LEN, DEG) SE = strel('octagon', R) SE = strel('pair', OFFSET) SE = strel('periodicline', P, V) SE = strel('rectangle', MN) SE = strel('square', W)

Description SE = strel(shape, parameters) creates a structuring element, SE, of the type specified byshape. This table lists all the supported shapes. Depending on shape, strel can take additional parameters. See the syntax descriptions that follow for details about creating each type of structuring element. Flat Structuring Elements

'arbitrary'

'pair'

'diamond'

'periodicline'

'disk'

'rectangle'

'line'

'square'

'octagon'

 

Nonflat Structuring Elements

'arbitrary'

'ball'

SE = strel('arbitrary', NHOOD) creates a flat structuring element where NHOOD specifies the neighborhood. NHOOD is a matrix containing 1's and 0's; the location of the 1's defines the neighborhood for the morphological operation. The center (or origin) of NHOOD is its center element, given by floor((size(NHOOD)+1)/2). You can omit the 'arbitrary' string and just use strel(NHOOD).

SE = strel('arbitrary', NHOOD, HEIGHT) creates a nonflat structuring element, whereNHOOD specifies the neighborhood. HEIGHT is a matrix the same size as NHOOD containing the height values associated with each nonzero element of NHOOD. The HEIGHT matrix must be real and finite valued. You can omit the 'arbitrary' string and just usestrel(NHOOD,HEIGHT). SE = strel('ball', R, H, N) creates a nonflat, ball­shaped structuring element (actually an ellipsoid) whose radius in the X‐Y plane is R and whose height is H. Note that R must be a nonnegative integer, H must be a real scalar, and N must be an even nonnegative integer. When N is greater than 0, the ball­shaped structuring element is approximated by a sequence of N nonflat, line­shaped structuring elements. When N equals 0, no approximation is used, and the structuring element members consist of all pixels whose centers are no greater than Raway from the origin. The corresponding height values are determined from the formula of the ellipsoid specified by R and H. If N is not specified, the default value is 8. Note   Morphological operations run much faster when the structuring element uses approximations (N > 0) than when it does not (N = 0).

SE = strel('diamond', R) creates a flat, diamond­shaped structuring element, where Rspecifies the distance from the structuring element origin to the points of the diamond. R must be a nonnegative integer scalar.

SE = strel('disk', R, N) creates a flat, disk­shaped structuring element, where Rspecifies the radius. R must be a nonnegative integer. N must be 0, 4, 6, or 8. When N is greater than 0, the disk­shaped structuring element is approximated by a sequence of N periodic­linestructuring elements. When N equals 0, no approximation is used, and the structuring element members consist of all pixels whose centers are no greater than R away from the origin. If N is not specified, the default value is 4. Note   Morphological operations run much faster when the structuring element uses approximations (N > 0) than when it does not (N = 0). However, structuring elements that do not use approximations (N = 0) are not suitable for computing granulometries. Sometimes it is necessary for strel to use two extra line structuring elements in the approximation, in which case the number of decomposed structuring elements used is N + 2.

SE = strel('line', LEN, DEG) creates a flat linear structuring element that is symmetric with respect to the neighborhood center. DEG specifies the angle (in degrees) of the line as measured in a counterclockwise direction from the horizontal axis. LEN is approximately the distance between the centers of the structuring element members at opposite ends of the line.

SE = strel('octagon', R) creates a flat, octagonal structuring element, where R specifies the distance from the structuring element origin to the sides of the octagon, as measured along the horizontal and vertical axes. R must be a nonnegative multiple of 3.

SE = strel('pair', OFFSET) creates a flat structuring element containing two members. One member is located at the origin. The second member's location is specified by the vectorOFFSET. OFFSET must be a two­element vector of integers.

SE = strel('periodicline', P, V) creates a flat structuring element containing 2*P+1members. V is a two­element vector containing integer­valued row and column offsets. One structuring element member is located at the origin. The other

members are located at 1*V,‐1*V, 2*V, ‐2*V, ..., P*V, ‐P*V. 

SE = strel('rectangle', MN) creates a flat, rectangle­shaped structuring element, whereMN specifies the size. MN must be a two­element vector of nonnegative integers. The first element of MN is the number of rows in the structuring element neighborhood; the second element is the number of columns.

SE = strel('square', W) creates a square structuring element whose width is W pixels. Wmust be a nonnegative integer

scalar. 

Code Generation support: Yes. MATLAB Function Block support: Yes.

Notes For all shapes except 'arbitrary', structuring elements are constructed using a family of techniques known collectively as structuring element decomposition. The principle is that dilation by some large structuring elements can be computed faster by dilation with a sequence of smaller structuring elements. For example, dilation by an 11­by­11 square structuring element can be accomplished by dilating first with a 1­by­11 structuring element and then with an 11­by­1 structuring element. This results in a theoretical performance improvement of a factor of 5.5, although in practice the actual performance improvement is somewhat less. Structuring element decompositions used for the 'disk' and 'ball' shapes are approximations; all other decompositions are exact.

Methods This table lists the methods supported by the STREL object. Method

Description

getheight

Get height of structuring element

getneighbors

Get structuring element neighbor locations and heights

getnhood

Get structuring element neighborhood

getsequence

Extract sequence of decomposed structuring elements

isflat

Return true for flat structuring element

reflect

Reflect structuring element

translate

Translate structuring element

Examples se1 = strel('square',11)      % 11‐by‐11 square se2 = strel('line',10,45)     % length 10, angle 45 degrees se3 = strel('disk',15)        % disk, radius 15 se4 = strel('ball',15,5)      % ball, radius 15, height 5

More About

expand all

Code Generation ®

This function supports the generation of C code using MATLAB  Coder™. For more information, see Code Generation for Image Processing. When generating code, note: All input arguments must be compile­time constants.

The following methods are not supported for code generation: getsequence, reflect,translate, disp, display, loadobj. You can only specify singular objects—arrays of objects are not supported. MATLAB Function Block You can use this function in the MATLAB Function Block in Simulink. Algorithms The method used to decompose diamond­shaped structuring elements is known as "logarithmic decomposition" [1]. The method used to decompose disk structuring elements is based on the technique called "radial decomposition using periodic lines" [2], [3]. For details, see theMakeDiskStrel subfunction in toolbox/images/images/@strel/strel.m. The method used to decompose ball structuring elements is the technique called "radial decomposition of spheres" [2].

References [1] van den Boomgard, R, and R. van Balen, "Methods for Fast Morphological Image Transforms Using Bitmapped Images," Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing: Graphical Models and Image Processing, Vol. 54, Number 3, pp. 252–254, May 1992. [2] Adams, R., "Radial Decomposition of Discs and Spheres," Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing: Graphical Models and Image Processing, Vol. 55, Number 5, pp. 325–332, September 1993. [3] Jones, R., and P. Soille, "Periodic lines: Definition, cascades, and application to granulometrie," Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol. 17, pp. 1057–1063, 1996.

See Also imdilate | imerode

Introduced before R2006a

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