W. Joy Lopez

http://joysedtechapps.blogspot.com/

Studies See handout…

A survey of the practices and perceptions of students in one Catholic high school on the use of the internet regarding safety, cyberbullying, and sexting. (Murray, D., 2014)

Victimization Commonalities (multiple studies)

• 19-43% teens reported being victims • Victims more likely to be girls • Cyberbullies more likely to be girls • Highest 15-16 year olds

Reputation & Conflict • 32% knew someone who had rumors spread about them • 41% claim at least one negative experience because of an online behavior (Lenhart, Madden, Smith et al., 2011). – 25% led to F2F confrontation including physical violence – 13% were afraid to go to school

Bystanders • 90% admit having seen & ignoring victimization at least once in a while

• 80% admit defending victim once in a while – 25% frequently

• 67% seen others join in bullying – 21% state they have done so (Lenhart, Madden, Smith et al., 2011)

•81% (80%) think it is funny • 64% (70%) don’t like the person • 58% (77%) don’t think it is a big deal • 47% (64%) think victim is a loser • 45% (59%) don’t think they will get caught or no consequences for actions

(Harris Interactive, 2007; Murray, 2014)

•75% to be mean • 56% for entertainment • 41% (65%) to show off to

friends • 32% (76%) to get back at someone

(Cox Communications, 2009; Murray, 2014)

Prevention

71%

(79%) block bully

77% Stand up for person

62% refuse to pass messages 56% (53%) ISPs should monitor 45% (60%) talk to kids

Federal law Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) Protects children under 13 years of age from websites that collect personal information.

FOMO (Fear of mission out) | fōmō | noun a state of mental or emotional strain caused by the fear of missing out. A form of social anxiety - a compulsive concern that one might miss an opportunity or satisfying event, often aroused by posts seen on social media websites. Urban Dictionary http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=fomo

Compliance with COPPA Policy

• Have parents acknowledge that they understand the school uses student identifying information to create accounts.

http://www.shschools.org/page.cfm?p=1726

Federal

Childrens’ Internet Protection Act 2000 (CIPA) If receiving federal schools/libraries

funds (ERate)

• must use filtering •

software Include Internet safety curriculum

State Laws

• 48 States have some legislation concerning bullying.

• 47 have provisions : “electronic harassment” or “bullying means”.

• 20 states specify “cyberbullying” in language (Hinduja & Patchin, 2014)

2014

Message for the 48th World Communications Day: Communication at the Service of an Authentic Culture of Encounter “The digital world can be an environment rich in humanity; a network not of wires but of people.” Francis

Free Speech & Expression

Civil Rights, Protecting individuals from harassment

What are the courts looking for? • Does it substantially or materially disrupt learning? • Does it interfere with the educational process or school discipline? • Was school-owned technology involved? • Were other students threatened or their civil rights infringed? http://www.ernweb.com/educational-research-articles/guidelines-fromcase-law-cyberbullying-school-response/

Cases • Layshock v. Hermitage School District - 2005 (2010) – Did violate 1st Amendment rights • Snyder v. Blue Mountain School District – 2007 (2010) – Did not violate 1st Amendment rights • Third Circuit Court of Appeals heard both arguments – ruled in favor of both students. • 1/17/12 – SCOTUS declined to hear case ruling in favor of students’ free speech rights to stand.

Cases • J.C. v. Beverly Hills Unified School District (California, 2009) • Kowalski v. Berkeley County Schools (South Carolina, 2011) “Students Against Shay’s Herpes” or “S.A.S.H.”

• S.J.W. ex rel. Wilson v. Lee’s Summit R-7 School District (Missouri, 2012) • Wynar v. Douglas County School District (Nevada, 2013)

Sexting “I invite young people above all to make good use of their presence in the digital world” (Benedict XVI, 2011)

Sexting: What and Why? • Sending and/or posting nude or seminude images * • Reasons: (Mitchell et al., 2011). –To add romance to a relationship – As a joke – Felt pressure to do so

Sexting Statistics • 2009 : 32% of 15-18 year old knew someone who sexted (Dowdell et al., 2011) • 2012 : 27% of teens reported sending naked picture of themselves (equal boys to girls) (Temple et al., 2012)

• 25% of these felt pressured to do so (The National Campaign, 2008)

• 68% girls and 42% boys asked to send naked pictures (Temple et al., 2012) – 27% of girls & 3% of boys bothered by this

Murray, 2014 • 48% received a sexually suggestive message. • 30% have sent a sexually suggestive message – Boys are more likely than girls to forward a message

• 41% received at least one nude/semi-nude picture/video • 37% shared it though it was meant to be private – 30% female and 70% male

• 18% sent at least one nude/semi-nude image of themselves

Laws including Sexting • 2009 : Western Pennsylvania - 3 females brought up on child pornography charges • 2014 : 20 states enacted state laws that include sexting –At least 12 provide diversionary option

Anti – Bullying Policies • • • • • • • •

Define bullying, include online bullying Outline procedures for reporting & investigating Explain confidentiality of investigation Provide notice of closure of investigation Explain protections of victim and bully from retaliation Obtain written complaint from victim for investigation. Talk to the students – it makes a difference SEL curriculum

“In today’s tech-savvy world, all Kids will use the Internet. I think that all schools should require an Internet safety class/course that rally digs deep into consequences of cyberbullying” (Senior, female, age 17)

Contact Dr. Joy Lopez [email protected] Twitter@technomaven 510-612-1842

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