Sprinkler Research – Glass Construction
Anders Drustrup, M.Sc.,
[email protected] 7th International Fire Sprinkler Conference & Exhibition 24-25 June 2008 Copenhagen, Denmark Danish Institute of Fire and Security Technology
Dias 1 / 2008-06-24 / ADR / Sprinkler Research – Glass Construction
Purpose with test Replace a “standard” passive fire protective system with a combined active and passive system. Passive system Glazed partition (3200 mm x 2035mm) Aluminium frame with Intermediate mullion Tempered glass Active system Window sprinkler k-factor 80 LPM/bar½ (5.6 GPM/psi½) Quick response bulb 68° Required Classification EI 60, Integrity 60 minutes Insulation 60 minutes According to EN 1364-1 (ISO 834, temperature curve)
DEKO Glazed partition
EN 1364-1 Fire resistance tests for non-loadbearing elements – Part 1: Walls
Danish Institute of Fire and Security Technology
Dias 2 / 2008-06-24 / ADR / Sprinkler Research – Glass Construction
Motivation Reduced building costs for 60 minutes partition Partition with fire resistant glass
1300 –1600 €
Partition with tempered glass including sprinkling
450 - 530 €
Reduction approx. 65 %
Reduced self-weight 25 mm fire resistant glass
65 kg/m2
6 mm + 8 mm tempered glass
35 kg/m2
Reduction approx. 45 %
Danish Institute of Fire and Security Technology
Dias 3 / 2008-06-24 / ADR / Sprinkler Research – Glass Construction
Test Setup
Furnace specifications 22 Gas burners 215 kW per burner Total capacity approx. 4700 kW
Danish Institute of Fire and Security Technology
Dias 4 / 2008-06-24 / ADR / Sprinkler Research – Glass Construction
Test results Furnace Temperature 1000 ISO 834 Maximum
900
Average Minimum
800
700
Temperature [C°]
Temperature equlibrium reached, 45 minutes 600 Maximum furnace effect 8 minutes 500
400
300
200
100
0 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
Time [Minutes]
Danish Institute of Fire and Security Technology
Dias 5 / 2008-06-24 / ADR / Sprinkler Research – Glass Construction
Test results after 62 minutes Measured temperature rise on unexposed side: • All temperatures on glass and frame below 140 °C • All temperature curves showed a tendency to level out
Radiation from test specimen • Radiation was approx. 1.1 kW/m2 at test stop Deflection of test specimen • Measured deflection of between ± 2 mm DEKO Glazed partition Danish Institute of Fire and Security Technology
Dias 6 / 2008-06-24 / ADR / Sprinkler Research – Glass Construction
Test Summary • • •
• •
Integrity and Insulation criteria fulfilled Insignificant radiation from test specimen Insignificant deflection of test specimen, indicating low temperature gradient in test specimen Dry spots around centre post observed Fracture of glass after test stop (during the cooling phase) DEKO Glazed partition
Danish Institute of Fire and Security Technology
Dias 7 / 2008-06-24 / ADR / Sprinkler Research – Glass Construction
Critical parameters influencing the stress in the glazing •
Passive system – Type of glass, – Edge handling – Size of glass – Blocking up of the glass – Fixation of glass in frame
•
Active system – Response time – Spray pattern – Water flow – The formation of dry spots during the test – Position of mullions
Danish Institute of Fire and Security Technology
Dias 8 / 2008-06-24 / ADR / Sprinkler Research – Glass Construction
Needs for the future •
Standardised methods for combined systems
– A standard to evaluate the critical parameters of the active and passive system with rules for field of application of test results, to be used in the following FSE calculations – Possible technical committee’s in CEN to the undertake the work: • CEN/TC 127 Fire safety in building • CEN/TC 191 Fixed fire fighting systems
•
Suggestions: – Prescribed fire exposure scenarios for the period up to activation of the active system (passive system only) – Verification of the passive systems ability to withstand the fire exposure until the active system responds – – Verification of the passive systems ability to withstand the thermal shock originating from the water cooling the passive system immediately after the active system respond – Verification of that the combined systems ability to withstand the long term fire exposure after the active system respond
Danish Institute of Fire and Security Technology
Dias 9 / 2008-06-24 / ADR / Sprinkler Research – Glass Construction