International Conference and Call for Papers | STAIN Kudus 2016

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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE and CALL for PAPERS

PEACEFUL LIFE IN ISLAM: LOCAL AND GLOBAL CHALLENGES August 8-9, 2016 Auditorium STAIN Kudus Central Java - Indonesia

International Conference and Call for Papers | STAIN Kudus 2016

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PROCEEDING INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CALL for PAPERS “ “Peaceful Life in Islam: Local and Global Challenges

ISBN Number

: 978-602-60070-1-8

Chief

: Zaimatus Sa’diyah

Team

: Nur Said Setyoningsih Abdul Mutholib Suhadi Murtadho Ridwan Efa Ida Amaliyah Muhammad Misbah Nuskhan abid Arini Chasanah M. Nailash Shofa

Editor

: Muhammad Misbah & Nuskhan Abid

Setting & Layout

: Sigit Mut

.Administration

: Triana R

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LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT UNIT (UPB) ISLAMIC STATE COLLEGE KUDUS 2016

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International Conference and Call for Papers | STAIN Kudus 2016

Editor Preface This International Conference and Call for Papers (ICCP) held by Language Development Unit STAIN Kudus under the theme: “Peaceful Life in Islam : Local and Global Challenges”. The objective are: (1) Increase the understanding about the Islam peaceful life spirit as a doctrine and civilization; (2) Offer the Islamic theorytical framework and best practice of peaceful life from around the world. The seminar is organized into two major session; the main session and the parallel session. The main session is filled with two expert speakers. Florian Pohl, Ph.D. from Associate Professor Emory University of California USA, and Prof Dr. Bambang Marsono, MA., M.Sc., MBA, Visiting Professor of Hogeschool van Utrecht, Netherland. Parallel session are devided into: Sub-1: Focusses on Language of Peace in the Global Challenges. Sub-2: Focusses on Islamophobia and Media Sub-2: Focusses on Islam Nusantara (Indonesian Moderate Islam). The committe received a total of 140 papers which are divided into 30 presented paper and 35 circulated paper. Lecturers, researchers around the world have opportunity to participate in international scientific forum based on current Islamic Issues. Although it has been prepared well, there are lot of limitations in this first ICCP held. We need critical and fresh idea for better event in the future.

Editors/Papers Team

Nur Said, et al

International Conference and Call for Papers | STAIN Kudus 2016

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‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺗﺮﺣﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﷲ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻻﺣﻮﻝ ﻭﻻﻗﻮﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ‪.‬ﺣﻤﺪﺍ ﻭ ﺷﻜﺮﺍ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﻋﺪﺗﻪ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻗﺪﺱ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﷲ ﻭﻋﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﻳﻤﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺟﻴﺪ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪.‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﺜﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺰﺍﻋﻢ ﻭﺍﻻﺗﻬﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺇﺛﺮ ﺗﺼﺮﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺿﻮﻳﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪ .‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﻭﺷﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﻟﻦ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻔﻸﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻨﻴﻒ ﻻ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻑ‪ .‬ﺑﻞ ﺳﻤﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﺎ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﱢﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺳ‪‬ﻼﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻭ ﺳ‪‬ﻠﻢ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫‪.‬ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‪ .‬ﻓﻼ ﺭﻳﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻻﺗﻬﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻻﺩﻋﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﻹﺭﻫﺎﺏ ﻛﻼﻡ ﻓﺎﺭﻍ ﻻ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻓﻰ ﻧﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺿﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻨﻴﻒ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻴﻞ ﻓﺎﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻗﺪﺱ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﻳﻤﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﺤﻮﺍﺭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻨﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺭﺟﺎﺀ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺤﺪﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻓﻲ ﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﻳﻤﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻴﻦ ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ﺑﻞ ﻻﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻣﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪.‬ﻟﺘﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﻬﻢ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻟﺘﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ”ﻗﺪﺱ“ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺍ ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺪﻭﻧﻴﺴﺔ ﺃﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻷﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻔﻆ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﺄﺩﺏ ‪Islam Nusantara‬‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨ‪‬ﻠﻘﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨ‪‬ﻠﻘﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺴﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﺱ ﻭﺳﻮﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺳﺠﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﻟﺴﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﺱ ﻭﺳﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺰﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻟﻘﺪ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺱ ﻛﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﻟﺴﻮﻧﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺫﻱ ﺩﻟﻴﻼ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺎ ﻟﺘﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺟﺰﺀﺍ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﺰﺃ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻭﺡ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺬﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻻ ﺗﺰﺍﻝ ﺗﺤﺘﻔﻆ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪.‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺩﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ‪ (pesantren)،‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﺘﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺭﺣﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‪.‬ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻓﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺃﻭﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺷﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻗﺪ ﺃﺑﺬﻟﻮﺍ ﺟﻬﺪﻫﻮ ﻷﺟﻞ ﻧﺠﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ ﺭﺍﺟﻴﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺑﻞ ﻻﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻹﻛﺜﺎﺭ ﺑﻌﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ‬ ‫‪.‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻹﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺠﻮ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﻳﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﻓﻰ ﺑﻴﺌﺘﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻴﺪﺍﻟﻤﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ ﻓﺘﺢ‬

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Preface All praises due to Allah for His kindness and mercy thus we can carry out this first International Conferences and Call for papers (ICCP) on Peaceful Life in Islam: Local and Global Challenges successfully. This success happens because of the great efforts and cooperative hands of all teams involved in this event. In addition, all supports of the leaders in STAIN Kudus also play an important role in this first International Conference and Call for papers success. The idea of this first ICCP rises from a sense of responsibility of Language Development Unit (UPB) within STAIN Kudus as a center for foreign language development to bridge the academic community in the development of foreign language skills. Since the University cannot be separated from scientific activities in the form of dialogues, seminars or conferences, UPB initiates to organize an International Conference as an effective way in strengthening and improving foreign language skills for both researchers and academicians of Islam and education in STAIN Kudus. Theme Selection in this first ICCP; “Peaceful Life in Islam: Local and Global Challenges” based on the hot issue discussed among the global sphere. This grand theme is carrying at least three important points embodied in sub-themes: Islam Nusantara, media and Islam phobia as well as Language and peace. All those topics are interrelated and interesting themes to discuss. The enthusiasm and response of academic community are proven by the number of incoming paper in selection process. It proves that the themes above are still very relevant and deserved to be discussed, particularly in such kind of scientific forums. Last but not least there are always some mistakes and shortcomings in this event organizing, in the name of UPB I hope your warm hand and big smiles to forgive and pass over these mistakes. Hopefully we can arrange the better event to meet and discuss in the next occasion. Head of Language Development Unit STAIN Kudus

ZAIMATUS SA’DIYAH, Lc., M.A

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TABLE OF CONTENT

Cover

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Board

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Editor Preface

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‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺗﺮﺣﻴﺐ‬

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TABLE OF CONTENT

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PEACEFUL LIFE IN ISLAM: HOW MUCH SEPARATION OF RELIGION AND STATE DOES DEMOCRACY REQUIRE?

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AN OVERSEAS ASSIGMENT FOR MANAGERS

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THE APPROACH OF THE CONTESTATION OF ISLAMIC AND NATIONAL LAW

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DE-RADICALIZATION INQURANIC EXEGESIS : RE-INTERPRETATIOAN OF“VIOLENCE VERSES” TOWARD PEACEFULL ISLAM

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POLITICAL PROPAGANDA OF RELIGIOUS VIOLENCE: REVEALING AL-WAIE’S UNDERGROUND IDEOLOGY 44 THE RELATIONSHIP OF RELIGION AND LANGUAGE; A CATALYST INSTRUMENT COHESION SOCIAL HARMONY AND RELIGIOUS PEOPLE 63 ISLAM NUSANTARA: TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN (?): YOUTH RESPONSES IN THE EMERGENCE OF ISLAM NUSANTARA 72 ISLAM IN FOREIGN POLICY: Promotion of Moderate Islam in Indonesia Foreign Policy 2004- 2014 83 THE ROLE OF ENGLISH AS A POTENTIAL SUPPLY FOR ENTREPRENEURS TO BE COMPETITIVE IN THE GLOBALIZATION ERA 97 SPIRIT OF JAVA AND SUFISM CENTER THE GLOBAL ETHICS

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A SPECIAL GIFT FROM FIGURE OF WALISONGO FOR A PEACEFUL INDONESIA

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‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﺒﻲ ﺑﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﻭﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺗﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‬

A PORTRAIT OF PEACEFUL LIFE IN GLAGAH KULON PROGO INDONESIA 146

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‫ﻣﺴﺎﻫﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻧﺪﻭﻧﻴﺴﻴﺎ‬

ISLAMIC HERITAGE NUSANTARA THROUGH WAYANG (PUPPETS) AS A POTENTIAL TOOL FOR RELIGIOUS HARMONY 159 MINORITY MUSLIMS’ LIVES IN LIMBO: IN THE CASE OF MYANMAR (BURMA)

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THE ROLE OF MEDIA IN CREATING OF SYMBOLIC ISLAM (STUDY OF MEANING OF NON-MUSLIM STUDENTS IN MALANG ON TERRORISM NEWS) 188 ISLAMOPHOBIA IN SOCIAL MEDIA: READERS’ FEELING TOWARDS U.S. AIRSTRIKES TO ISIS 197 DOES RELIGION IMPROVE LIFE SATISFACTION? META-ANALYSIS

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COUNTERPRODUCTIVE OF ISLAM NUSANTARA: THE CASE STUDY OF NAHDLATUL ULAMA’S RESPONSES TO EX-GAFATAR IN KUDUS 215 PESANTREN, TRADITION AND MODERNITY (THE CACHE OF PESANTREN FOR DERADICALIZATION ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN INDONESIA) 228 ISLAM NUSANTARA: SYMBOL OF SOVEREIGNTY AND PEACE

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Humanity Islamic Perspective as a Language of Peace in the Global Challenges (Paradigm Ideology and Sociology and ought of Ali bin Abi Talib) 243 SYEH JANGKUNG AND ISLAMIZATION PROCESS IN SOUTHERN PATI, CENTRAL JAVA (A SOCIO-HISTORICAL STUDY ON “SERAT SYEH JANGKUNG”) 252 ISLAMIC DERADICALIZATION THROUGH PEACEFUL SPIRIT OF SUNAN KUDUS IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION 260 PROMOTING PEACEFUL LIFE: INTEGRATING PEACE EDUCATION THROUGH ENGLISH FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASS

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LIVING HADITH IN A FAMILY: Toward an Ethnographic Study of Hadith

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THE USE OF LANGUAGE OF PEACE IN SOCIAL MEDIA AS A WAY TO PROMOTE A PEACEFUL LIFE 286

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TEXT, AUTHORITY, AND HETERODOX: A SACRED CANOPY FOR ISLAM NUSANTARA

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POLITENESS ANALYSIS OF MALALA’S NOBEL SPEECH IN PEACE PRIZE

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ISLAM NUSANTARA AND THE QUEST OF PEACEFUL ACCEPTABILITY ON AHMADIYYAH-AFFILIATED SCHOOL IN YOGYAKARTA

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NEW INTERPRETATION ON PROHIBITION TO SLAUGHTER COW FOR KUDUS SOCIETY (Paul Ricoeur’s Social Hermeneutic Perspective)

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‫ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺳﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ‬:‫ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻓﻰ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﺃﻧﻴﺲ ﺷﻮﺷﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻧﺴﻲ‬

International Conference and Call for Papers | STAIN Kudus 2016

M. Nur Ghufron-Rini Risnawati INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE and CALL for PAPERS

PEACEFUL LIFE IN ISLAM: LOCAL AND GLOBAL CHALLENGES August 8-9, 2016 Auditorium STAIN Kudus - Central Java - Indonesia

Does Religion Improve Life Satisfaction? Meta-Analysis M. Nur Ghufron (STAIN Kudus) Email: [email protected] Rini Risnawita, S. (STAIN Kediri) Email: [email protected] Abstract is Study was meta-analysis of the correlation between religion and life satisfaction. e quantitative review includes 13 studies from 8 articles that contained a combined sample of approximately 9317. is analysis extends previous work by directly correcting error of sampling and measurements. Summary analysis provided support that religion has a correlation on life satisfaction. e result showed religion have been identified as predictors of life satisfaction. Keywords: religion, life satisfaction and meta- analysis Life satisfaction, or perceived quality of life, is a broad and complex construct, which encompassesan evaluation of the full range of overall functioning, and an appraisal of one’s life in general and in specific domains, such as family, health, social support, and environment (Huebner, 2004; Sabatierl, Mayer, Friedlmeier, Lubiewska, and Trommsdorff, 2011). Researchers have identified a large number of factors influencing adolescents’ life satisfaction such as cultural and religious beliefs or family life (Casas, Figuer, Gonzalez, & Malo, 2007; Proctor, Linley, & Maltby, 2009; Sabatierl, at al, 2011). According to Pavot and Diener, Sabatierl, at al, (2011) said, overall life satisfaction is a “distinct construct representing a cognitive and global evaluation of the quality of one’s life as a whole” (p.137). Life satisfaction is a broad and complex construct, which encompasses an evaluation of the full range of overall functioning, and an appraisal of one’s life in general and in specific domains, such as family, health, social support, and environment. Pargament (1997) defines religion in its broadest sense, as a multidimensional construct including both institutional religious expressions, such as dogma and ritual, and personal religious expressions, such as feelings of spirituality, beliefs about the sacred, and religious practices. In contrast to Pargament, Hodges (2002) considers spirituality to be the broader concept, representing transcendent beliefs and values that may or may not be related to a religious organization. Religiosity on the other hand refers to rituals and creeds, which may be demonstrated in the context of a religious institution. Spirituality may be expressed in a religious context but a person’s religiosity is not always because of spirituality. Religiosity plays a major part in the life of an individual. It can provide hope in despair. In daily life, people report that they are able to experience deep peace even in the midst of mental distress (Underwood & Teresi, 2002), such as psychosis, prejudice, self-esteem and intelligence ere are some studies which report that religion is also associated with some indicators of poor

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Does Religion Improve Life Satisfaction? Meta-Analysis mental health. Ellis (1980) has claimed that religiousness is accompanied by irrational thinking and emotional disturbance. Gartner (1996) found religion is associated with some forms of psychopathology, including authoritarian, rigidity, dogmatism, suggestibility and dependence. Payne, Bergin, Bielema and Jenkins (1991) reviewed a number of studies, a search revealing several ambiguous findings. Although religiosity was positively related to number of measures of psychological well-being. Empirical research suggests that religiosity is positively associated with life satisfaction, but some inconsistent results are observed. Francis, Jones, & Wilcox, (2000) found an association between religiosity and life satisfaction in studies of British adolescents, but not of German adolescents (Francis, Ziebel1z, & Lewis, 2003). Furthermore, in a study with a multidenominational U.S. sample, no correlation has been observed between life satisfaction and both intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity. Nonetheless, in this latter study, indirect paths between religiosity and life satisfaction were found through the endorsement of existential beliefs (e.g., belief in aerlife or death anxiety; Cohen et al., 2005). Ferris (2002) suggest that religion influences life satisfaction and life satisfaction in terms of contextual settings, others. Dorahy, Lewis, Schumaker, Akuamoah- Boateng, Duze & Sibiya, (1998) have argued that religious meaning is more important to life satisfaction than simply religious belongingness as a feeling of belonging could be obtained in other social settings. When demographics were controlled, all other variables, religious affiliation, religious commitment, and participation had a small but significant relationship with life satisfaction. Proctor, Linley, & Maltby, (2009) have identified a large number of factors influencing life satisfaction such as cultural and religious beliefs or family life. McFadden (1995) have also found that religion and spirituality in many studies are related and interact with well-being and life satisfaction. Religious people have reported higher levels of happiness and satisfaction with life (Poloma & Pendelton, 1990). Koenig, H. G., McCullough, M. E., & Larson, D. B. (2001), reported that religious beliefs and practices were related to “greater life satisfaction, happiness, positive affect, and morale,” as well as hope, optimism, purpose in life, and lower levels of both depression and anxiety. Overall, he also said that positive findings significantly outweighed neutral or negative findings. Nearly 80% of studies that examined the relationship between religious beliefs and practices and “life satisfaction, happiness, positive affect, morale, and other indicators of well-being” reported significant positive correlations for the variables of interest. Empirical research suggests that religiosity is positively associated with life satisfaction, but some inconsistent results are observed. Research Objectives e correlation between religion and life satisfaction has been studied and published in several scientific journals. e author implements meta-analysis towards the correlation patterns between those two variables from 13 studies from 8 articles, either results from published scientific journals or thesis/dissertation published through the internet from 2010 until 2016 was analyzed in this study. e objective is to see whether the religion variable, if summed up into one will display consistency and could be used as a basis to answer the question of whether religion determines life satisfaction. Research Procedure Methods of Data Collection International Conference and Call for Papers | STAIN Kudus 2016

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M. Nur Ghufron-Rini Risnawati Meta-analysis is a survey method conducted towards several data, as results of previous research (Lipsey and Wilson, 2001). Meta-analysis aims at concluding, integrating, and interpreting data gathered from previous research. erefore, apart from acting as primary research, the data to be analyzed through this method must have the same constructs and correlation patterns so that it could be compared with one another. Hunter and Schmidt (1990) explained that correlation meta-analysis is a description of the correlation distributions reported from various research results concerning the correlation between the independent variable with the dependent variable. is study is aimed at testing the correlation between social support and academic success. Because this study aims at making an analysis using a quantitative meta-analysis approach, thus the research documents must include the following: Total number of subjects (N) One of the correlation values (r), F or t and If point b was not present, the document must include mean scores (M) and standard deviations (SD) Based on the conditions above, data collection is conducted from several journals downloaded from INFOTRAC, EBSCO, PROQUEST, ERIC, esis and Dissertations from the Networked Digital Library on eses and Dissertations (NDLTD). e key words to access the journals vary, for instance religion, religiosity, spiritual, prayer and other words related to life satisfaction. Data Analysis Methods Analysis of the research data is conducted through 4 stages: Data Management. e numerous research results concerning the correlation between religion and life satisfaction. Coding is conducted by classifying the data of religion variables and life satisfaction. Coding is done based on the definition similarities or consistent correlations as previously reported in the research results. For data using the values of F, t or d thus this must be converted earlier into r to be able to compare the data. Sampling error correction and measurement error correction. Two corrections were made on the data, sampling corrections and measurement corrections. Sampling error is the artifact that largely distorts research results. Hunter and Schmidt (1990) stated that this sampling error results in unstructured implications and is largely caused by the size of the sample. e other artifact needing to be corrected in conducting meta-analysis is the correction on measurement (Hunter and Schmidt, 1990). erefore corrections on sampling error is very important to be conducted to research data related to similar variables to obtain correlation patterns that are consistent with the tested variables. Results of Data Analysis Analysis of the data about the correlation religion and life satisfaction, result in data that fulfill the conditions to conduct meta-analysis (table 1).

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Does Religion Improve Life Satisfaction? Meta-Analysis Table 1: Research Data Tabulation fulfilling the conditions for analysis Research

Independent Dependent Variable Variable

N

rxy

a

b

1

Mooney, M (2010) Religious

Collage

2623 0.24 0

0

2

Mooney, M (2010) Religious

Collage

2623 0.06 0

0

Religiosity

1077 0.11 0

0.72

Church

142

0.33 0

0

Prayer

142

0.23 0

0

Religiosity

142

0.34 0.91

0

Religiosity

59

0.12 0.90

0

658

0.26 0

0

3

4 5 6 7

B., Friedlmeier, M., Lubiewska, K. and Trommsdorff, G. (2011) Weinert, I., M. (2012) Weinert, I., M. (2012) Weinert, I., M. (2012) Pena, V (2013)

8

Krause, N. &Hayward, R., D. (2013)

Prayer Belief

9

Dean, K. J (2013)

Life

Church

213

0.43

0

0.81

10

Dean, K. J (2013)

Life

Church

213

0.37

0

0.82

11

Kawa, M.H., Khan, intrinsic M. I., Khan, M. O. & religious Baby, S. (2015)

200

0.24 0.73

0.89

12

Kawa, M.H., Khan, Exintric M. I., Khan, M. O. & religious Baby, S. (2015)

200

-0.61 0.66

0.89

13

Rakrachakarn, V., Religiosity Moschis, G., P.,Ong, F., S. &Shannon, R. (2015)

1025 0.29

0.77

0.89

Two corrections were made on the data, sampling corrections and measurement corrections of the correlation between religion and life satisfaction. Correction artifacts of sampling error to test the correlation between religion and life satisfaction. Corrections towards sampling errors in this research were conducted on the data displayed in table 2.

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M. Nur Ghufron-Rini Risnawati Table 2. Data to calculate correction artifacts of sampling error to test the correlation of religion and life satisfaction. Total sampel (N) Total r

r²) The impact of sampling error

Result 9317 2.41 0.172 0.02388 0.0018225 0.02206 8.26%

Based on the data above, it is estimated that the mean correlation for the research population is r= 2.410, while the variance caused by sampling error is: Se²= 0.001. e sample is representative because only 8,26% of the correlation variance was caused by sampling errors. Correction artifacts of measurement error to test the correlation between religion and life satisfaction. Corrections towards measurement errors in this research were conducted on the data displayed in table 3. Table 3. Data to calculate correction artifacts of measurement error to test the correlation of religion and life satisfaction. Total Sampel (N) Total study Mean measurement error (A)

Interval of confidence (rr)

Result 9317 13 0.23736337 0.725737945 1.865361858 0.055354146 -0.590986757 0.1190896 0.63%

Based on the data above result mean measurement error (A) is 0.23736337, estimate of the population correlation () is 0.725737945, total of squares coefficient of variation (V) is 1.865361858, interval of confidence (r) is 0.1190896 and the impact of variations in the reliability is 0.63%. In other words the measurement errors are still within the range of confidence. is analysis leads to the conclusion that there is a correlation between religion and life satisfaction. Discussion Does religion improve life satisfaction?. Based on the data above, it is estimated that the mean correlation for the research population is r= 2.410. e sample is representative because only 8.26% of the correlation variance was caused by sampling errors and the impact of variations in the reliability is 0.63%. In other words the measurement errors are still within the range of

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Does Religion Improve Life Satisfaction? Meta-Analysis confidence. is analysis leads to the conclusion that there is a correlation between religion and life satisfaction. e results obtained by this study show a significant correlation between religion and life satisfaction. e results of the present study revealed that there is a significant positive correlation between intrinsic religious orientation and life satisfaction among university students. Research studies have shown that intrinsic religious orientation was positively associated with self- regulation, self-esteem, physical and mental health, life satisfaction, and having a purpose in life (Wulff, 1997). Studies conducted by Skinner, Correa, Skinner, & Bailey, (2001) and Biesinger, & Arikawa (2008), revealed that intrinsic religious orientation was associated with greater level of happiness and lower levels of depression, anxiety and stress regardless of gender. Moreover, Intrinsic religiousness has been associated with positive work outcomes such as career decision making, self-efficacy, career commitment, career decidedness, work satisfaction, and work meaningfulness (Dik, Duffy & Tix, 2009; Duffy & Blustein, 2005). e results of the present study showed that there is a significant negative correlation between extrinsic religious orientation and life satisfaction among university students. ese results are supported by some previous findings which indicate positive relationship between intrinsic religiosity and psychological well-being and inverse between extrinsic and psychological wellbeing (García-Alandete & Bernabé-Valero, 2013). is research suggests that religiosity is positively associated with life satisfaction (Poloma & Pendelton, 1990; McFadden, 1995; Dorahy, Lewis, Schumaker, Akuamoah- Boateng, Duze & Sibiya, 1998; Proctor, Linley, & Maltby, 2009; Francis, Jones, & Wilcox, 2000; Koenig, McCullough, & Larson, 2001; Ferris, 2002; Francis, Ziebel1z, & Lewis, 2003; Proctor, Linley, & Maltby, 2009). e results of this meta-analysis as the results of other studies meta-analysis has several limitations. First, the discovery of meta-analysis is a natural correlation and, therefore, can not guarantee strong conclusions. Second, the overall findings of the meta-analyzes are oen limited by the quality of the primary studies. ird, cultural influences, including various ethnic backgrounds neglected. Specially when doing research in Indonesia because most even of all the research used in this study came from abroad (outside Indonesia), and perhaps there are many considerations when adapted to the conditions in Indonesia. Future research is expected to include the criteria more stringent to ensure that some other factors may be included such as by looking at the specifications of measuring instruments used gender, religious identity, culture or expanded criteria to test its influence on the measurement tool specific life satisfaction as well. Similarly, the results of this study can be more specific clues for further research. Religion influence on a happiness. For other studies are expected to be more critical in looking at the results of the study. A study can not be trusted in full light of the artifacts or mistakes made by the researcher. References References marked with an asterisk (*) indicate studies included in the meta-analysis (Table 1). Biesinger, R., & Arikawa, H. (2007). Religious attitude and happiness among parents of children with developmental disabilities. Journal of Religion, Disability & Health, 11, 23-32. Casas, F., Figuer, c., Gonzalez, M. N., & Malo, S. (2007). e values adolescents aspire to, their well-being and the values parents aspire to for their children. Social Indicators Research, 84(3), 271-290. International Conference and Call for Papers | STAIN Kudus 2016

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M. Nur Ghufron-Rini Risnawati *Dean, K. J (2013). Religious Involvement, Life Satisfaction, And Spiritual Well-Being Among Young Adults In A Black Church. Electronic eses and Dissertations. Capella University: Minnisota. Dik, B. J., Duffy, R.D., & Tix, A. P. (2009). Religion, spirituality, and a sense of calling in the workplace. In P. Hill & B. Dik (Eds.), e psychology of religion and workplace spirituality. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing. Dorahy, Martin, Christopher Lewis, John Schumaker, Robert Akuamoah-Boateng, M. C. Duze, and okozile Sibiya.(1998). A cross-cultural analysis of religion and life satisfaction. Mental Health, Religion & Culture 1(1):37–43. Ellis, A. (1980). Case Against Religion: A Psychotherapist’s View and the Case against Religiosity. Austin: American Atheist. Ferriss, A. L. (2002). Religion and the quality of life. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(3), 199215. Francis, L. 1., Ziebertz, H.- G., & Lewis, C. A. (2003). e relationship between religion and happiness among German students. Pastoral Pychology, 5/(4), 273-281 . Francis, L. J., Jones, S. H., & Wilcox, C. (2000). Religiosity and happiness: During adolescence, young adulthood and later life. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 19, 245-257. García-Alandete, J. y Bernabé-Valero, G. (2013). Religious Orientation and Psychological WellBeing among Spanish Undergraduates [Orientaciones religiosas y bienestar psicológico de los estudiantes universitarios españoles] Acción psicológica, 10(1), 135-148 Gartner, J. (1996). Religious commitment, mental health, and pro-social behavior: A review of the empirical literature. In E. P Shafranske (Ed.).Religion and the clinical practice of psychology(187-214). Washington DC: American Psychological Association. Hodge, D. (2002). Equipping social workers to address spirituality in practice setting: A model curriculum. Advances in Social Work 3(2), 85-103. Hodges, S. (2002). Mental health, depression, and dimensions of spirituality and religion. Journal of Adult Development, 9(2), 109-115. Huebner, E. S. (2004). Research on assessment of life satisfaction of children and adolescents. Social IndicatOl’s Research, 66(1-2), 3-33. Hunter, J.E., & Schmidt, F.L. (1990). Methods of Meta Analysis, Correcting Error and Bias Research Findings. London; Sage Publications. *Kawa, M.H., Khan, M. I., Khan, M. O. & Baby, S. (2015). A Study of Religious Orientation and Life Satisfaction among University Students. International Journal of Modern Social Sciences, 4(2): 118-129. Koenig, H. G., McCullough, M. E., & Larson, D. B. (2001). Handbook of Religion and Health. New York: Oxford University Press. *Krause, N. &Hayward, R., D. (2013) Krause, N., & Hayward, R. D. (2013). Emotional expressiveness during worship services and life satis-faction: Assessing the influence of race and religious affiliation. Mental Health, Religion & Culture,16, 813–831. Lipsey, M. W., & Wilson, D. B. (2001). Practical meta-analysis. ousand Oaks, CA: Sage. *Mooney, M. (2010). Religion, College Grades, and Satisfaction among Students at Elite Colleges

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Does Religion Improve Life Satisfaction? Meta-Analysis and Universities. Sociology of Religion, 71(2), 197-215 Pargament, K.I. (1997). e Psychology of religion and coping: eory, research, practice. New York: Guilford Press Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993). e affective and cognitive context of self-reported measures of subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 28,1–20. Payne, I. R., Bergin, A. E., Bielema, K. A., & Jenkins, P. H. (1991). Review of religion and mental health: Prevention and the enhancement of psychosocial functioning. Prevention in Human Services, 9, 11-40. *Pena, Veronica (2013) Religion and its implication on life satisfactionand life satisfaction. Electronic eses and Dissertations. Kean University: New Jersey. Proctor, C. L., Linley, P. A., & Maltby, J. (2009). Youth life satisfaction: A review of the literature. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10(5), 583-630. *Rakrachakarn, V., Moschis, G., P.,Ong, F., S. &Shannon, R. (2015). Materialism and Life Satisfaction: e Role of Religion. J Relig Health, 54:413–426 *Sabatierl, C., Mayer, B., Friedlmeier, M., Lubiewska, K. and Trommsdorff, G. (2011). Religiosity, Family Orientation, and Life Satisfaction of Adolescents in Four Countries. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(8), 1375-1393 Skinner, D., Correa, V., Skinner, M., & Bailey, D. (2001). Role of religion in the lives of Latino families of young children with developmental delays. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 106, 297–313. Underwood,L., and J. Teresi. (2002). e Daily Spiritual Experience Scale:Development, theoretical description, reliability, exploratory factor analysis,and preliminary construct validity using health related data. Annals of Behavioral Medicine 24(1):22-33. *Weinert, I., M. (2012). e Influence of Religiosity on Psychological Well Being and Life Satisfaction in an Elderly Population. Electronic eses and Dissertations. Arizona State University: Arizona. Wulff, D.M. (1997). Psychology of religion: Classic and contemporary (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley & Sons.

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