US007038656B2

(12)

United States Patent

(10) Patent N0.: (45) Date of Patent:

Liang et a1. (54)

ELECTROPHORETIC DISPLAY WITH DUAL-MODE SWITCHING

(75) Inventors: Rong-Chang Liang, Cupertino, CA (US); Jerry Chung, Mountain View, CA (US)

US 7,038,656 B2 May 2, 2006

4,741,988 A 4,995,718 A

5/1988 Van der Zande et a1. 2/1991 Jachimowicz et a1.

5,132,820 A

7/1992

5,276,438 A 5,279,511 A 5,378,574 A

1/1994 DiSanto et a1. 1/1994 DiSanto et a1. 1/1995 Winnik et a1.

Someya et a1. ............. .. 349/43

(Continued)

(73) Assignee: SiPix Imaging, Inc., Fremont, CA (US)

FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS

(*)

Notice:

Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35

EP

USC 154(b) by 19 days.

Filed:

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Cominsky, B. et al., “An Electrophoretic Ink For All-Printed Re?ective Electronic Displays”, Letters to Nature, pp. 253

Feb. 14, 2003

(65)

255 (1998).

Prior Publication Data

US 2004/0032391 A1

Feb. 19, 2004

(Continued) Primary ExamineriVijay Shankar

Related US. Application Data

(63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 10/222,036, ?led on Aug. 16, 2002. Int. Cl.

(52) (58)

US. Cl. .................................................... ..

(2006.01) 345/107

Field of Classi?cation Search .............. .. 345/ 107,

345/173, 205, 48, 84, 85; 359/296, 297; 430/20

See application ?le for complete search history.

(56)

(74) Attorney, Agent, or FirmiHowrey LLP

The present invention relates to an improved EPD which

comprises both the traditional up/down switching and the in-plane switching modes. In other words, the improved EPD has dual switching modes. The monochrome EPDs of the present invention are capable

red highlight can be shown in any selected areas of the

U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS A 10/1971 Evans et a1. A 6/1972 Ota A 10/1972 Hathaway A 7/1975 Ota A 1/1978 Liebert A 6/1978 Carter et a1. A 8/1981 Chiang A * 11/1981 Muller et a1. ............. .. A 7/1987 Beilin Solomon I. et a1.

ABSTRACT

of displaying highlight color of choice which is different from the text. For example, white background, blue text, and

References Cited

3,612,758 3,668,106 3,697,679 3,892,568 4,071,430 4,093,534 4,285,801 4,298,448 4,680,103

Assistant ExamineriPrabodh Dharia

(57)

(51)

G09G 3/34

4/2001

(Continued)

(21) Appl. No.: 10/367,670 (22)

1 089 118 A2

display. Furthermore, the full color EPDs of the present invention are capable of displaying high contrast images of high color saturation. Both high quality black and white states are possible in the full color displays of the present invention. The EPDs of the present invention do not need

complex circuitry design, and are compatible with low cost

and high yield roll-to-roll manufacturing processes. 359/296

11 Claims, 18 Drawing Sheets

US 7,038,656 B2 Page 2 US. PATENT DOCUMENTS 1/1995 Schubert

5 380 362 A

5,555,515 5 5,573,711 A

51555 55555555

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WO 01/67170

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$3

$3 33/333333

17/533;

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5,835,174 A 5,892,497 A 5,914,806 A

W0 W0

4/1999 Robeltson 6/1999 Gordon H et a1‘

Dalisa , A.L., “Electrophoretic Display Technology”, IEEE Transactions of Electron Devices, Jul. 1997, pp. 827-834. DrZaic, P., “Liquid Crystal Dispersion”, The PDLC

7/1999 Jacobson et a1.

P

5,961,804 A

10/1999

Jacobson et a1.

5,976,405 A 5,980,719 A 5,982,346 A

1 H1999 Clikeman et a1‘ 11/1999 Cherukuri et a1. 11/ 1999 Sheridon et a1.

d.

1995

ara1gm’(



1_9 )’P_P'

_

'

_

_

_



Harvey, T.G. Repl1cat1on Techmques For M1cro-Opt1cs , SPIE, VO1- 30995 PP- 76-82 (1997) Hopper, MA. and Novotny, V., “An Electrophoretic

6,017,584 A

V2000 All)“ et a1~

Display, It’s Properties, Model, and Addressing” IEEE

6,037,058 A 6,067,185 A

3/2000 Chkeman et 31' 5/2000 Albert et a1.

Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-26, No. 8, Aug. 1979, PP- 1148-1152

6,111,598

A

8/2000

6,113,810 A

Fans



.

.

.

.

,,

90000 Hou et a1‘

Harbour,'J.R. et al., Subd1v1ded Electrophoretic D1splay ,

6,120,588 A

90000 Jacobson

Xerox Disclosure Journal,'vo~l. 4, No. 6 (1979).

6,120,839 A

9/2000 Comiskey

Lewis, J.C., et al., “Gravitational, Inter-Part1cle-Electrode

6,172,798 B 1 6,184,856 B1

1/2001 Alben et a1, 2/2001 Gordon, II et a1.

Forces in Electrophoretic Display”, Proceedings of the SI. 1)., V01. 18/3814 (1977).

6,198,809 B1 *

3/2001 Disanto et a1. ........ -- 379/9323

Murau, P., et al., “The Understanding and Elimination of

6,252,624 B1

6/2001 Yuasa et a1~

6,312,304 B1

Some

11/2001 Duthaler et 31.

Suspension Instabilities

in

an

Electrophoretic

Display”, ]_App1_ Phys” 49(9)’ (1978)

6’327’072 B1 12/2001 Comlskey et 31' 6,337,761 B1* 1/2002 Rogers et a1. ............ .. 6,373,461 B1 4/2002 Hasegawa et a1‘

359/296

Nakamura, E., et al., “Development of Electrophoretic . . . . ,, . D1splay Using M1crocapsulated Suspens1on , SID D1gest,

6,377,387 B1

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(1998)’ PP- 1014'1017-

6,392,786 B1

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Ota, I., et al., “Electrophoretic Image D1splay EPID Panel”,

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9/2002 2/2003 3/2003 4/2003

Alben et 511, Katase Jacobson et a1. Foucher et a1.

Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 1, No. 7, Jul. 1973. Singer, B. and Dalisa, A.L., “An X-Y Addressable Electrophoretic Display”, Proceeding of the S.I.D., vol. 18/3854, (1977)_

yotore

Slafer, D.W., et al., “Continuous Manufacturing of Thin

B1 B1 Bl B1

If; ,

,

aase

-

_

~

_

55

6,693,620 B1 *

2/2004 Herb et a1. ............... .. 345/107

6,729,718 B1

5/2004 Goto et 31‘

Canon Research Center, SID 00’ D1gest, pp. 24-27.

6,750,344 B1 6,751,007 B1

6/2004 Nakanishi 6/2004 Liang et a1.

SWanson, S.A. et a1, “5.2: High Performance EPD’s”, IBM Almaden Research Center, SID 00’ Digest, pp. 29-31.

6,829,078 B1 6,859,302 B1

12/2004 Liang et a1 2/2005 Liang et a1~ iVIOOre

lGaifgsztnai't a1‘

6322mm Opncal Medla ’ SPIE’ V01‘ 1663’ (1992)’ pp‘

Kishi, E., et a1, “5.1: Development of In-Plane EPD”,

345/l07

Liang, R.C. (Feb. 2003) Micr0cup(R) Electrophoretic and Liquid Crystal Displays by Roll-Zo-Roll Manufacturing Processes. Presentation conducted at the Flexible

2002/0036616 A1*

3/2002 Inoue ....................... .. 345/107

Mlcroeléctromcs &. D1Sp_1ays Conference of Us‘ D1splay

2002/0089495 A1

7/2002 Matsuura et a1. 9/2002 Liang et a1. .............. .. 349/187

CPHSOmUm’ Phoemx’ Anzona’ USA‘ . Llang, R-C» H011’ & Zhang’H-M- (DeC-2002)M1Cr°°_uP

2002/0150827 A1* 10/2002 Kawai et a1. ............... .. 430/20 2002/0171620 A1* 11/2002 Gordon et a1. 345/107

Electrophoretlc Dlsplays by Roll-to-Roll Manufacmnng Processes IDW, EPZ-Z, 1337-1340

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Nikkei Microdevices. (Dec. 2002) NeWly-Developed Color Electronic Paper PromisesiUnbeatable Production Ef

noue

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'

12/2002 Chan-Park et a1. 12/2002 Zang et a1.

2003/0095094 A1 *

5/2003

2003/0107631 A1

6/2003 Goto et a1.

2003/0132908 A1*

Goden Foucher et a1.

430/311 524/474

. . . . . . . . . . . ..

'

translation) ?ciency_

'

Microdevicesa

'

Japanese’



7/2003 Herb et a1. ............... .. 345/107

gg/Usgarch Repon (PCT/US04/04835) Date Dec‘ 2004

352F651‘,"""""""" " 359096

Int’l Search Report (PCT/US04/04711) Date Dec. 2004

*

.

ii 2004/0136048 A1*

7/2004 Arango et a1. ............ .. 359/296

ISA/US

2004/0179259 A1*

9/2004 Fujii et a1.

US APP1- NO- 10/36750985 ?led Jan- 2005

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2004/0201567 A1* 10/2004 Yu et a1. 2005/0007651 A1*

359/296

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345/107

U.S. Appl. NO. 10,367,098, ?led Feb. 2003, Liang.

1/2005 Liang et a1. .............. .. 359/296

FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS JP W0 W0

359/297

59-171930 WO 99/53373 WO 99/56171

9/1984 10/1999 11/1999

U_S_ App1_ NO_ ()9/518’488, ?led Mar' 3, 2000 (to be

provided upon request). U.S. Appl. No. 09/606,654, ?led Jun. 28, 2000 (to be

provided upon request). * cited by examiner

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 1 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

V FIG. 1 PRIOR ART

[I WHITE

E BLACK

FIG. 2A

FIG. 2B PRIOR ART ___*__A

I

I

[[5] RED GREEN

5 BLUE [I WHITE

FIG. 2C

FIG. 2D

PRIOR ART

PRIOR ART

II II I

I I

I I

I

I

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 2 6f 18

\\

US 7,038,656 B2

\\ \\ \\| \\\\\\\\\\\‘\\~

WHITE STATE

FIG. 4A BLACK BLACK STATE

FIG. 4B BLACK

COLOR (RED) STATE

FIG. 4C BLACK

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 3 6f 18

WHITE

iii-I: YELLOW BLACK

FIG. 4D

US 7,038,656 B2

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 4 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

UV OR LIGHT

57

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FIG. 5B

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 5 6f 18

k/

US 7,038,656 B2

/ /

60“

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SIDE VIEW

6,

FIG. 6A

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64

TOP VIEW

FIG. 6B

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U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 6 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

BLACK

SIDE VIEW

FIG. 7A

WHITE

WHITE

WHITE

WHITE

TOP VIEW

FIG. 7B

BLACK

SIDE VIEW

FIG. 8A

TOP VIEW

FIG. 8B

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 7 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

BLACK

SIDE VIEW

FIG. 9A

TOP VIEW

FIG. 9B

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

102

Sheet 8 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

102

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1046 [1]

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U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

COLOR STATE

FIG. 10C V0"

WHITE STATE

FIG. 10D Von

BLACK STATE

FI G 1 0E V On

Sheet 9 6f 18

5kg

US 7,038,656 B2

U.S. Patent

112

May 2, 2006

119

111

119

Sheet 10 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

112

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SIDE VIEW

FIG. 11B

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 11 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

LOW V \

LOW V

rLOW V

von

,

COLOR STATE

FIG. 1 1 C - 2 COLOR STATE

FIG. 1 1C —1

HIGH V

HTGH V

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WHICH V



WHITE STATE

FIG. 1 1D — 2 WHITE STATE

FIG. llD-l

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 12 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

BLACK STATE

FIG. 11E-2 BLACK STATE

FIG. llE-l

U.S. Patent 122

May 2, 2006

129

129 1

US 7,038,656 B2

122

\ 121 / / I

Sheet 13 6f 18

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FIG. 12B

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 14 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

LOW v\T 1 s//L0w~v >-

L

V0"

[PT _

COLOR STATE

T

FIG.

12C — 2

COLOR STATE

FIG. 12C — 1

HIGH V

HIGH v\_

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v

WHITE STATE

FIG. 12D-2 WHITE STATE

FIG. 12D-1

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 15 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

BLACK STATE

FIG. 12E~2 BLACK STATE

FIG. 12E-1

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 16 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 17 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

36.53.

U.S. Patent

May 2, 2006

Sheet 18 6f 18

US 7,038,656 B2

A

T

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Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching

Feb 14, 2003 - Transactions of Electron Devices, Jul. 1997 ... Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ... Nakamura, E., et al., “Development of Electrophoretic.

2MB Sizes 2 Downloads 313 Views

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