WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
EXPERIMENT NO: 01 AIM: To Study and establish communication between Bluetooth board and mobile handset.
OBJECTIVES: a. To configure WT-32 evaluation board to HF profile. b. To connect and pair the mobile phone with WT-32 board using hyper terminal and AT commands.
APPARATUS: a. WT-32 evaluation board b. RS232 cable c. USB cable d. Mobile phone with Bluetooth enabled feature e. 1 PC
THEORY: Hands-free profile describes how an audio gateway device can be used to place and receive calls for a hand-free device. A common scenario would be a mobile phone used together with a wireless headset. The headset will connect to the mobile phone and can be used to place and receive phone calls. The HFP defines two roles, that of an audio Gateway (HFP-AG) and a hands free unit (HF).
HFP Audio Gateway (HFP-AG) is the device that is the gateway of the audio, both for input and output.
Hands Free Unit (HF) is the device acting as the Audio Gateway‟s remote audio input and output mechanism. It also provides some remote control. Hands Free control is the entity responsible for Hands-Free Unit specific control signaling;
this signaling is AT command based. Control channel works on top of RFCOMM connection and the audio channel on top of SCO or eSCO channel.
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
1
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION PROCEDURE: a) HARDWARE SETTINGS: 1. Connect serial cable (female to female) provided with board between J5 and com port of computer. 2. Keep SW11 RS232 switch to ON position. 3. Connect USB cable provided with the board between J10 and USB port of computer. 4. Connect speaker port to J8 and Mic. port to J7 jack provided on Bluetooth board. 5. Move switches SW2 on Mic.
b) SOFTWARE SETTINGS: 1. Click on start-all programs-accessories-communication-HyperTerminal. 2. Enter name and click on ok. 3. Select appropriate com port and click on ok. 4. Select Bits per second:115200,data bits:8,parity:none,stop bits:1and flow control: hardware click on ok. 5. Press reset key on Bluetooth board. 6. When the Boot prompt appears iWRAP firmware is ready for use. c) MOBILE SETTINGS: 1. Unlock the Keypad of the mobile handset. 2. Press menu. Go to settings. Select connectivity. Select Bluetooth. 3. Switched ON Bluetooth functions of mobile handset. 4. Go to “My phone‟s visibility” and select “always visible”.
OBSERVATION: COMMANDS
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
2
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
CONCLUSION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
3
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
EXPERIMENT NO: 02 AIM: To Study and Use Bluetooth module as a mobile hands free, establish communication between two mobile phones.
OBJECTIVES: a. To configure WT-32 evaluation board to HF profile. b. To connect and pair the mobile phone with WT-32 board using hyper terminal and AT commands.
APPARATUS: a. WT-32 evaluation board b. RS232 cable c. USB cable d. Two Mobile phone with Bluetooth enabled feature e. 1PC
THEORY: Hands-free profile describes how an audio gateway device can be used to place and receive calls for a hand-free device. A common scenario would be a mobile phone used together with a wireless headset. A typical scenario is that the HFP-AG device receives an incoming phone call and indicates this to the HF device. HF device then accepts or rejects the incoming call.
PROCEDURE: a) HARDWARE SETTINGS: 1. Connect serial cable (female to female) provided with board between J5 and com port of computer. 2. Keep SW11 RS232 switch to ON position. 3. Connect USB cable provided with the board between J10 and USB port of computer. 4. Connect speaker port to J8 and Mic. port to J7 jack provided on Bluetooth board. 5. Move switches SW2 on Mic. SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
4
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION b) SOFTWARE SETTINGS: 1. Click on start-all programs-accessories-communication-HyperTerminal. 2. Enter name and click on ok. 3. Select appropriate com port and click on ok. 4. Select Bits per second :115200,data bits:8,parity:none,stop bits:1and flow control:hardware,click on ok. 5. Press reset key on Bluetooth board. 6. When the Boot prompt appears iWRAP firmware is ready for use. d) MOBILE SETTINGS: 1. Unlock the Keypad of the mobile handset. 2. Press menu. Go to settings. Select connectivity. Select Bluetooth. 3. Switched ON Bluetooth functions of mobile handset. 4. Go to “My phone‟s visibility” and select “always visible”. e) Connect two cell phones.
OBSERVATION: COMMANDS
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
5
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
CONCLUSION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
6
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
EXPERIMENT NO: 03 AIM: To Study and establish communication between coordinator and end devices.
OBJECTIVES: send text from end device to coordinator.
APPARATUS: a. ZPM 3570 Development kits b. 9v power adaptor c. 9v alkaline battery d. RS 232 to RJ 45 cable e. USB A-B cable f. 2 PC
THEORY: The physical and MAC layers take full advantage of the physical radio specified by IEEE 802.15.4. The 802.15.4 specification describes a peer to peer radio using direct sequence spread spectrum. The specification also calls out the data rates, channelization, and modulation techniques to be employed.
(ZPM 3570 Module Block Diagram) SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
7
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION The Zigbee alliance specifies the logical networks,security and application software,which are implemented in a firmware stack.it is the Zigbee networking stack that creates the mesh networking capability. Each microcontroller /RF chip combination requires its own Zigbee stack due to the differences in microcontrollers and RF chips.the stack may belong to the chip vendor,or be provided by a third party source for a specific microcontroller/RF chip combination. The application layer is defined by profiles,of which there are two types. Public profiles are those certified by the Zigbee Alliance for interoperability purposes. Private profiles are for use in closed systems.
PROCEDURE: a)
HARDWARE SETTINGS: 1. Connect power supply to both kits. 2. If you connect kit through serial port then no need of any driver. 3. If you connect kit through USB port then, after connecting USB cable it will ask for driver as follows. Connect provided USB cable to USB socket of kit and USB port of computer. Choose install from a list or specific location (advanced).Click on next. Select “Do not search, I will choose the driver to install. Click on next. Select USB Serial port Version 1.0.2154.0. Click have disk. Click on Browse, select the location of the driver given in CD. Select the 1stFTDIBUS driver and click on ok. Click on next. After completion of driver installation, completion message will appear on desktop. click on finish. b) SOFTWARE SETTINGS: 1. Double click on setup.exe given in software CD. 2. Click next button. 3. Select location where to install software and click on next. 4. Software installation started. 5. After completion of installation it will ask to exit, so click on close. SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
8
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION OBSERVATION:
CONCLUSION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
9
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
EXPERIMENT NO: 04 AIM: Introduction To AT commands.
OBJECTIVES: AT commands, issued from a computer in your application are used to control and implement the functions of the modem. APPARATUS: a. GSM trainer kit b. RS232 cable c. Active SIM card d. Power supply
THEORY: Using AT commands, the following actions are possible: Control of DCE GPRS Call control Supplementary service SIM application tool kit The GM29 contains a large number of Ericson specific commands in addition to those implemented in accordance with the GSM and ITUT recommendations. Those commands are provided to enhance the functions of the modem. PROCEDURE: HARDWARE SETTINGS: 1. Connect RS232 cable from com port of the pc to the 232 interface of the MODEM directly on the trainer system. 2. Till connection complete the power supply is off. 3. Connect its RJ11 male connector to the RJ11 female Connector of the modem. 4. Make sure that the active SIM card with sufficient credit on it is inserted in the MODEM.
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
10
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION 5. Turn on the power supply. Green LED on GSM Modem will turn on after few seconds and will remain continuously on till its searching for the network. Once the search is over it starts flashing. 6. Connect the PC to the GSM module using a serial cable.
SOFTWARE SETTINGS: 1. Click on start-all programs-accessories-communication-HyperTerminal. 2. Enter name and click on ok. 3. Select appropriate com port and click on ok. 4. Run Hypertrm.exe-A “connection Description “box will appear. 5. Name the connection something that you want to associate with talking to GSM modem. 6. Click --this brings up the phone number box. 7. The drop-down menu off the “connect using “line to select “direct to com[n]”””, where n is the communications port you will use to talk to the GSM modem. 8. Click -- this brings up the “COM[n] properties‟‟ box. 9. Use the drop-down menus to select Bits per second=9600, data bits=8, parity=none, stop bits=1 and flow control=none. Click on ok.
OBSERVATION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
11
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
CONCLUSION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
12
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
EXPERIMENT NO: 05 AIM: using AT commands for voice communication
OBJECTIVES: AT commands, issued from computer in your application are used to control and implement the functions of the modem.
APPARATUS: a. GSM trainer kit b. RS232 cable c. Active SIM card d. Power supply
THEORY: AT is a basic “hello, are you working”command.we are using it here to check that the GSM module is connected and working. if all is well the GSM module will reply with “ok”.if you get any other error message stop and sort out the problem. PROCEDURE: HARDWARE SETTINGS: 1. Connect RS232 cable from com port of the pc to the 232 interface of the MODEM directly on the trainer system. 2. Till connection complete the power supply is off. 3. Connect its RJ11 male connector to the RJ11 female Connector of the modem. 4. Make sure that the active SIM card with sufficient credit on it is inserted in the MODEM. 5. Turn on the power supply. Green LED on GSM Modem will turn on after few seconds and will remain continuously on till its searching for the network. Once the search is over it starts flashing. 6. Connect the PC to the GSM module using a serial cable.
SOFTWARE SETTINGS: 1. Click on start-all programs-accessories-communication-HyperTerminal. 2. Enter name and click on ok. SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
13
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION 3. Select appropriate com port and click on ok. 4. Run Hypertrm.exe-A “connection Description” box will appear. 5. Name the connection something that you want to associate with talking to GSM modem. 6. Click --this brings up the phone number box. 7. The drop-down menu off the “connect using “line to select “direct to com[n]”””, where n is the communications port you will use to talk to the GSM modem. 8. Click -- this brings up the “COM[n] properties‟‟ box. 9. Use the drop-down menus to select Bits per second=9600, data bits=8, parity=none, stop bits=1 and flow control=none. Click on ok.
OBSERVATION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
14
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
CONCLUSION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
15
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
EXPERIMENT NO: 06 AIM: using AT commands for data communication
OBJECTIVES: To use and study effect of various AT commands to send and receive text message.
APPARATUS: a. GSM trainer kit b. RS232 cable c. Active SIM card d. Power supply
THEORY: GSM/GPRS supports many optional services and modes. The Enfora Enabler IIIE module supports the following GSM/GPRS services: Circuit-switched data Short-Message Services (SMS) Class B GPRS Functionality voice communication Each of the GSM/GPRS services has two modes that can be enabled separately:
Mobile-originated (MO): allows the making of a service request (such as, making a telephone call or sending an SMS).
Mobile-terminated (MT): allows receiving a service request (such as receiving a telephone call or an SMS)
PROCEDURE: HARDWARE SETTINGS: 1. Connect RS232 cable from com port of the pc to the 232 interface of the MODEM directly on the trainer system. 2. Till connection complete the power supply is off. SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
16
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION 3. Connect its RJ11 male connector to the RJ11 female Connector of the modem. 4. Make sure that the active SIM card with sufficient credit on it is inserted in the MODEM. 5. Turn on the power supply. Green LED on GSM Modem will turn on after few seconds and will remain continuously on till its searching for the network. Once the search is over it starts flashing. 6. Connect the PC to the GSM module using a serial cable.
SOFTWARE SETTINGS: 1. Click on start-all programs-accessories-communication-HyperTerminal. 2. Enter name and click on ok. 3. Select appropriate com port and click on ok. 4. Run Hypertrm.exe-A “connection Description “box will appear. 5. Name the connection something that you want to associate with talking to GSM modem. 6. Click --this brings up the phone number box. 7. The drop-down menu off the “connect using “line to select “direct to com[n]”””, where n is the communications port you will use to talk to the GSM modem. 8. Click -- this brings up the “COM[n] properties‟ „box. 9. Use the drop-down menus to select Bits per second=9600, data bits=8, parity=none, stop bits=1 and flow control=none. 10. Click file save.
OBSERVATION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
17
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
CONCLUSION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
18
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
EXPERIMENT NO: 07 AIM: Using flow code software for sending text. OBJECTIVES: using a simple number and message arrays to send a message to create the flowchart and setup the message and phone number. APPARATUS: a. GSM trainer kit b. RS232 cable c. Active SIM card d. Power supply THEORY: this exercise requires the RS232 component to be installed and macros to available on the computer so that they can be added to the flowchart. Instruction for this can be found in the setup section of this document. The GSM mobile phone module needs to have a working SIM card installed, with sufficient credit for sending the messages. A second mobile phone or text messaging system is needed to receive the text messages. This can be a standard mobile phone as available from commercial outlets. It is used to receive the messages so should not incur costs. The exercise will introduce the followings as: Calculations icons Adding, importing and using macros Variables, including arrays Adding‟s components PROCEDURE: a) HARDWARE SETTINGS: 1. Connect RS232 cable from com port of the pc to the 232 interface of the MODEM directly on the trainer system. 2. Till connection complete the power supply is off. 3. Connect its RJ11 male connector to the RJ11 female Connector of the modem. 4. Make sure that the active SIM card with sufficient credit on it is inserted in the MODEM. SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
19
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION 5. Turn on the power supply. Green LED on GSM Modem will turn on after few seconds and will remain continuously on till its searching for the network. Once the search is over it starts flashing. 6. Connect the PC to the GSM module using a serial cable.
b) SOFTWARE SETTINGS: 1. Run the “install_flowcode.EXE‟‟file. 2. The install routine with check for, and install if needed, the various plugging and helper programs that flow code requires.
OBSERVATION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
20
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
CONCLUSION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
21
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
EXPERIMENT NO: 08 AIM: To study Spread spectrum and De- Spread spectrum of CDMA.
OBJECTIVES: a. Master of the basic principle of spread spectrum. b. Understand the conception of spread spectrum gain. c. Observe the waveform before and after baseband signal spread spectrum. d. Observe the waveform before and after PSK Modulation.
APPARATUS: a. Mobile communication principle experimental kit b. 20MHZ Dual trace Oscilloscope c. Spectrum analyzer d. Digital Oscilloscope with FFT function(optional)
THEORY: PROCEDURE: 1. Equipped transmitting antenna and receiving antenna. 2. Plug in; turn on the AC switch in the right side of the mail case. Press switch power 100, power 101, power 200 and power 201, corresponding LED100, LED 101, LED 200 and LED 201 emit light, the transmitter and receiver of CDMA system start to work. 3. Dial all the dial bit switches “signal code speed‟‟, “spread spectrum code rate”, “spread spectrum”, “coding “of the transmitter, dial all the dial-bit switches of receiver “signal code speed”, “spread spectrum code speed rate”, “track”, “decode”. now the signal code speed rate of the system is 1kbits/s,spread spectrum code speed is 100kbit/s. 4. Experiment of observing the change of waveform before and after baseband signal‟s spread spectrum.
Setting “SIGN1 position” as not all 0 or all 1 codeword, setting “GOLD1 position”. Observing the waveforms of “SIGN1” and “S1-KP” with Oscilloscope.
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
22
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Use Oscilloscope which has FFT Function to observe Spectrums of “SIGN1” and “S1KP”, and do the compression.
Change signal code speed and spread-spectrum speed of transmitter.
Repeat the above steps.
5. Experiment of observing PSK Modulation Spectrum before and after Spread-Spectrum.
Do not change codeword setting, dial spread spectrum” switch, observe the spectrum of “PSK1” with Spectrum analyzer.
Set “Spread spectrum” switch up, observe the spectrum of “PSK!”, and compare with the output.
Change digital code speed and spread spectrum speed of transmitter separately, repeat the above steps.
After the change of dial bit switch, press reset key.
6. De-Spread spectrum Experiment
Reset dial bit switch to the position as experiment step 3 required, press “transmitter reset”.
Joint “first channel” of dial-bit switch, disconnection the “Second channel” of dial-bit switch, now transmitter output GOLD1 is the first channel spread-spectrum signal of spread-spectrum code.
Turn dial-bit switch “GOLD3position” to the same position with “GOLD1position”, press “transmitter reset” button.
Follow the step 9 to 14 of Experiment two, adjust “capture” and “track” button, making the receiver and transmitter GOLD code complete consistency, now output in “TX2” is the PSK signal after De-spread.
Use oscilloscope Dual-trace to observe the waveforms in “SIGN1” and “TX2”.
Use Spectrum analyzer to observe the spectrum in “TX2”, comparing the result with step5 of experiment.
OUTPUT: 1. Analyze the working principle of direct spread spectrum circuit, using diagram to display 2. Draw the spectrum diagram and waveform diagram of each testing point according to experiment test records and do the compression according to the requirement of experiment steps, analyzer the variation of the spectrums. SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
23
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION REFERENCE WAVEFORMS:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
24
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
CONCLUSION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
25
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
EXPERIMENT NO: 09
AIM: To Study of CDMA mobile communication system.
Master CDMA basic principles
Understand DS-CDMA mobile communication system principles and compositions.
OBJECTIVES: a. Measure each testing points waveforms of transmitter and receiver of single channel of DSCDMA communication system; understand the principles of transmitter spread spectrum modulation and receiver‟s relative testing. b. Measure each testing points waveforms of transmitter and receiver of 2nd channel of DSCDMA communication system; further understand spread spectrum modulation, receive end relative testing and CDMA logic channel formation principles.
APPARATUS: a. CDMA mobile communication principle experimental kit b. 20MHz Dual trace oscilloscope c. Spectrum analyzer(optional)
THEORY: PROCEDURE: 1) Installed transmitting antenna and receiving antenna. 2) Plug in; turn on the AC switch in the right side of the mail case. Press switch power 100, power 101, power 200 and power 201, corresponding LED100, LED 101, LED 200 and LED 201 emit light, the transmitter and receiver of CDMA system start to work. 3) Transmitter Dial-bit switches “information code rate”,
“signal code speed‟‟, “spread
spectrum code rate”, “spread spectrum”, are set offs set dial-bitr switches“coding “of the transmitter, dial all the dial-bit switches of receiver “signal code speed”, “spread spectrum code speed rate”, “track”, “decode”. now the signal code speed rate of the system is 1kbits/s,spread spectrum code speed is 100kbit/s.
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
26
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION 4) Experiment of observing the change of waveform before and after baseband signal‟s spread spectrum. 5) Setting “SIGN1 position” as not all 0 or all 1 codeword, setting “GOLD1 position”. Observing the waveforms of “SIGN1” and “S1-KP” with Oscilloscope. 6) Use Oscilloscope which has FFT Function to observe Spectrums of “SIGN1” and “S1-KP”, and do the compression. 7) Change signal code speed and spread-spectrum speed of transmitter. 8) Repeat the above steps. 9) Experiment of observing PSK Modulation Spectrum before and after Spread-Spectrum. 10) Do not change codeword setting, dial spread spectrum” switch, observe the spectrum of “PSK1” with Spectrum analyzer. 11) Set “Spread spectrum” switch up, observe the spectrum of “PSK!”, and compare with the output. 12) Change digital code speed and spread spectrum speed of transmitter separately, repeat the above steps. 13) After the change of dial bit switch, press reset key. 14) De-Spread spectrum Experiment 15) Reset dial bit switch to the position as experiment step 3 required, press “transmitter reset”. 16) Joint “first channel” of dial-bit switch, disconnection the “Second channel” of dial-bit switch, now transmitter output GOLD1 is the first channel spread-spectrum signal of spread-spectrum code. 17) Turn dial-bit switch “GOLD3position” to the same position with “GOLD1position”, press “transmitter reset” button. 18) Follow the step 9 to 14 of Experiment two, adjust “capture” and “track” button, making the receiver and transmitter GOLD code complete consistency, now output in “TX2” is the PSK signal after De-spread. 19) Use oscilloscope Dual-trace to observe the waveforms in “SIGN1” and “TX2”. 20) Use Spectrum analyzer to observe the spectrum in “TX2”, comparing the result with step5 of experiment.
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
27
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION OUTPUT: 1. Analyze experimental circuit working principles –describe their working procedures. 2. Draw the spectrum diagram and waveform diagram of each testing point according to experiment test records and do the compression according to the requirement of experiment steps, analyzer the variation of the spectrums.
REFERENCE WAVEFORMS:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
28
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
CONCLUSION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
29
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
EXPERIMENT NO: 10 AIM: Remote commands of LP-2010 on RF-ID.
APPARATUS: a. RFID trainer kit b. Power supply c. Pc d. MI fare card
THEORY: PROCEDURE: a) HARDWARE SETTINGS:
Turn on the power of lp-2010.
b) SOFTWARE SETTINGS: Install USB driver. Click on start-all programs-accessories-communication-HyperTerminal. Enter name and click on ok. Select appropriate com port and click on ok. Select
Bits
per
second
:115200,data
bits:8,parity:none,stop
bits:1and
flow
control:none,click on ok. Press reset key on Bluetooth board. When the Boot prompt appears I WRAP firmware is ready for use. Check the setting page and click [ASCII SETUP].enable send line code, echo speed, and append line feeds.
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
30
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION OBSERVATION:
CONCLUSION:
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PILUDARA
31
