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คณิ ต เพิ่มเติม/ ม. 4 − 5 − 6 เล่ม 3

บทที่ 1 ฟังก์ชนั เอ็กโพเนนเชียลและลอการิ ทึม

97

แบบฝึ กหัด 1.8 1. จงหาค่าของ x จากสมการต่อไปนี้ 1.) 2 x = 32 วิธีที่ 1 จาก ดังนั้น

32

=

25

2x

=

25



x

=

5

วิธีที่ 2

2x

=

32

log 2 2 x =

x

=

log 32 2 log 25 2 5 ⋅ log 2 2 5⋅ (1)

x

=

5

3x

=

36

log3 3 x

=

log 3 36

x log 3 3

=

log 3 36

x

=

x

=

x ⋅ log 2

=

x ⋅ (1)

=



2.)

2

ตอบ

3 x = 36

วิธีทาํ จะได้ ∴

=

9x

=

32 x

32 x

=

32 x

2x

=

2x

x

=

x



= =

=



ตอบ

9 x = 32 x

วิธีทาํ



x

ซึ่ง จํานวนทุกจํานวนมีสมบัติการสะท้อน ตอบ ( − ∞,∞ )

FaceBook.com/123Grade4

x

log 3 36 log 36 log 3 log 3.6 ×10 log 3 log 3.6 + log 10 log 3 0.5563 + 1 0.4771 1.5563 0.4771 3.2620

=

3.)

ตอบ

FaceBook.com/123Grade4

คณิ ต เพิ่มเติม/ ม. 4 − 5 − 6 เล่ม 3 4.)

23x + 1 = 3 x − 2 23x + 1

วิธีทาํ จะได้

log 23 x+1 2 (3 x + 1) log 2 2

=

3x − 2

=

log 3x− 2 2 ( x − 2) log 3 2 log 3 ( x − 2) ⋅ log 2 0.4771 ( x − 2) ⋅ 0.3010

=

(3x + 1)

=

(3x + 1)



3x + 1



1.585x − 3.17

1.415x



−4.17

x



−2.95

วิธีทาํ

5x

=

4 x +1

=

จะได้

log 5 x 5 ( x) log 5 5

log 4 x+1 5 ( x + 1) log 4 5



5.)

บทที่ 1 ฟังก์ชนั เอ็กโพเนนเชียลและลอการิ ทึม

98

ตอบ

5x = 4 x +1

x

x log 5



= =

( x + 1) log 4 5

=

( x + 1) log 4

x log 5 − x log 4 =

log 4

x ( log 5 − log 4 ) =

log 4

=

x



x



0.6021 0.0969



−2.95

ตอบ

FaceBook.com/123Grade4



log 4 log 5 − log 4 0.6021 0.6990 − 0.6021

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คณิ ต เพิ่มเติม/ ม. 4 − 5 − 6 เล่ม 3 2. จงแก้สมการต่อไปนี้ 1.) x2 2 x − 2 x วิธีทาํ

=

บทที่ 1 ฟังก์ชนั เอ็กโพเนนเชียลและลอการิ ทึม

99

0

x2 2 x − 2 x

=

0

( x 2 − 1) 2 x ( x 2 − 1) 2 x

=

0

=

0

แยกคิดเป็ น 2 กรณี



( x 2 − 1)

=

0

2x

x2

=

1

ไม่มีคาํ ตอบที่เป็ นจํานวนจริ งเลย

x

= −1 , 1



2.)

4 x3e− 3 x − 3 x 4e−3 x

วิธีทาํ

x

= −1 , 1

=

0

4 x3e− 3 x − 3 x 4e−3 x =

(4 x3 − 3 x 4 )e−3 x 4 x3 − 3 x 4 e3 x

( 4 − 3 x ) x3 e3x (4 − 3x) x3



=

0

ตอบ

0

=

0

=

0

=

0

=

0

,

e3x = 0

แยกคิดเป็ น 2 กรณี 4 − 3x



= =

x

0

4 3

3.)

x

e2 x − 3e x + 2

วิธีทาํ

=

4 , 0 3

=

0

=

0

=

Δ

=

0

0

e2 x − 3e x + 2

( ) − 3(ex ) + 2 กําหนดให้ (ex ) ex

=

2

จะได้เป็ นรู ปแบบ Δ 2 − 3Δ + 2

=

0

x

=

0

ตอบ

FaceBook.com/123Grade4





x3

FaceBook.com/123Grade4

คณิ ต เพิ่มเติม/ ม. 4 − 5 − 6 เล่ม 3 ( Δ − 1)( Δ − 2 )

=

0

Δ

=

1, 2

ex

=

1, 2

ln e x

=

ln1 , ln 2

x ln e

=

0 , ln 2

x

=

0 , ln 2

=

=

0 , loge 2 log 2 0 , log e 0.3010 0 , 0.4343 0 , 0.6931

=

0

จะได้

= =



4.)

บทที่ 1 ฟังก์ชนั เอ็กโพเนนเชียลและลอการิ ทึม

100

x

ตอบ

e4 x + 4e2 x − 21 = 0

วิธีทาํ

e4 x + 4e2 x − 21

(e2x ) + 4 (e2x ) − 21 = กําหนดให้ ( e2 x ) = 2

0

Δ

จะได้เป็ นรู ปแบบ

จะได้

= =

0 0

Δ

=

−7 , 3

e2 x

=

−7 , 3

e2 x

=

3

2 x ln e

=

ln 3

2x

=

ln 3

=

loge 3 log 3 log e 0.4771 0.4343

= =



x

=

1.0985

=

0.5493

แต่

e2x ∈ R +

ตอบ

FaceBook.com/123Grade4

Δ 2 + 4Δ − 21 ( Δ − 3)( Δ + 7 )

FaceBook.com/123Grade4

คณิ ต เพิ่มเติม/ ม. 4 − 5 − 6 เล่ม 3 5.)

บทที่ 1 ฟังก์ชนั เอ็กโพเนนเชียลและลอการิ ทึม

101

22 x + 2 − 9(2 x ) + 2 = 0

วิธีทาํ

22 x + 2 − 9(2 x ) + 2

=

0

22 ⋅ 22 x − 9(2 x ) + 2 = 2 4 ⋅ 2x − 9 2x + 2 =

0

=

Δ

= =

0 0

Δ

=

(2x )

=

( ) ( ) กําหนดให้ (2x )

0

จะได้เป็ นรู ปแบบ 4 ⋅ Δ 2 − 9Δ + 2 ( 4Δ − 1)( Δ − 2 )

x ⋅ log 2

=

x

=

1 , 2 4 1 , 2 4 1 log , log 2 24 2 log 2−2 , 1 2 −2 , 1

=

28 3x

=

0

=

0

=

0

3Δ 2 − 28Δ + 9

=

0

( 3Δ − 1 )( Δ − 9 )

=

0

Δ

=

( 3x )

=

3x

=

1 , 9 3 1 , 9 3 3−1 , 32

x

=

−1 , 2



จะได้

log 2 x 2

2

6.)

32 x + 1 + 9 =

( )

ตอบ

28 3x

32 x + 1 + 9

วิธีทาํ

=

( ) 3 ( 32 x ) − 28 ( 3 x ) + 9 2 3 ( 3 x ) − 28 ( 3 x ) + 9

32 x + 1 − 28 3 x + 9

( )





ตอบ

FaceBook.com/123Grade4

หรื อ

FaceBook.com/123Grade4

คณิ ต เพิ่มเติม/ ม. 4 − 5 − 6 เล่ม 3 3. จงหาค่าของ x จากสมการต่อไปนี้ 1.) ln x = 10 วิธีทาํ

ln x

=

10

log x e

=

10

x

=

e10

log x =

−2

x =

−2



2.)

log x

log

10



=

10−2

x

=

1 1 = 100 102

log 2 x =

3

2x =

3



2x =



x

=

103 103

log 2 x

=

log

log 2 x

ตอบ

10

= 500

2

ตอบ

= log 2 + 5

วิธีทาํ

log log

2 + log

วิธีทาํ

x =

log

10

log

5

=

105

log (3 x + 5)

=

2

(3 x + 5)

=

2

3x + 5

=

102

3x

=

95



31.67

x

x

2 +5

10

=

2

+5

ตอบ

= 2

log



10

10

∴ log (3 x + 5)

2x =

10

log 2 + 5

10

x

ตอบ

FaceBook.com/123Grade4

10

log

5.)

x

log 2 x = 3

วิธีทาํ

4.)

ตอบ

= −2

วิธีทาํ

3.)

บทที่ 1 ฟังก์ชนั เอ็กโพเนนเชียลและลอการิ ทึม

102

facebook.com/123GRADE4::(071-080) แบบฝึกหัด 1.8 ข้อ 01-03.pdf ...

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