Filo Apicomplexa (Infra-reino Alveolata) (Subfilo Apicomplexa en el filo Alveolata)

Características • Parásitos intracelulares obligados • Mononucleados • Estructuras de locomoción ausentes, excepto en microgametos • Mitocondrias • Aparato de Golgi • Retículo endoplasmático • Gránulos

Clases • Perkinsea • Género Perkinsus

• Sporozoea: vertebrados/invertebrados, ooquiste o espora – Subclase Gregarina – Subclase Coccidia: Eimeria, Toxoplasma – Subclase Piroplasmia: Plasmodium

Complejo apical • • • • • • •

Anillo polar o del conoide Micronemas Roptrías Gránulos densos Microtúbulos subpeliculares Conoide Microporos

http://www.sibleylab.wustl.edu/picturegallery.htm

http://cmr.asm.org/content/11/2/267.full

http://www.sibleylab.wustl.edu/images/Extracted_Conoid.jpg

http://www.scielo.br/pdf/aabc/v78n2/a08v78n2.pdf

Ciclo de vida • Reproducción sexual y asexual – Fisión binaria – Fisión múltiple: Merogonia: ecto y endomerogonia – Endodiogenia – Endopoligenia – Esporogonia – Gamogonia: iso y anisogametos

Endodyogeny in T. gondii. Schematic representation of the different stages of division within a mother cell (adapted from Kepka and Scholtyseck, 1970; Frankelia species). Cell division starts with the formation of the two daughter conoids, the IMCs, and the microtubule baskets (b). It is followed by the entrapment of the apical secretory organelles, micronemes, and rhoptries (c). The IMC of the mother cell (a) somehow gives rise to the daughter cells' membrane complexes, which progress toward the posterior pole while the nucleus divides. Final separation occurs by budding through the mother cell plasma membrane and by constriction at the posterior end (d). APR, apical polar ring; C, conoid; M, micronemes; N, nucleus; PM, plasma membrane; PPR, posterior polar ring; R, rhoptries. http://jcb.rupress.org/content/155/4/613/F1.expansion.html

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762009000200003

Coccidias • • • • •

Parásitos en vertebrados e invertebrados Pequeños Intracelulares Monoxénicos Heteroxénicos

• Mucosa del intestino, hígado, riñones, células sanguineas según especie de parásitos y especie hospedera

Estadios de desarrollo en Cryptosporidium sp.

Esporozoito

Merozoito

Trofozoito

Meronte

http://atlas.or.kr/atlas/alphabet_view.php?my_codeName=Cryptosporidium%20parvum

Microgametocito Macrogametocito

Ooquiste inmaduro

Microgameto

Ooquiste, esporoquiste y esporozoitos de Sarcocystis sp.

Ciclo de vida general de las coccidias intestinales

Filo Apicomplexa (Infra-reino Alveolata).pdf

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