Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj T¡fdy¼s tS>v$Nu

g¡ML$ : d“kyMcpB kyhpNuep

OJ, dNamu, NpS>f, gkZ, Xy„$Nmu S>¡hp A“¡L$ ‘pL$p¡“y„ dbgM DБpv$“ -ÅdL$p

S>mfnp’u L©$rj Apbpv$u, Np¡fnp A“¡ ‘ep®hfZ k„‘Þ“ ’ep„ S>m¾$p„rs“u S>Þdc|rd - ÅdL$p

i¡fX$u“y„ dbgM DБpv$“ -‘uW$qX$ep

cfscpB NpÆ‘fp“u hpX$u - Y$p¡gfp

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj’u A¡L$f¡ 125 dZ (25 qL$rhÞV$g) OJ“y„ DБpv$“ - dp¡Zh¡g

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj“y„ gkZ A“¡ bpS|>“p M¡sfdp„ fpkperZL$-T¡f“y„ gkZ - dp¡Zh¡g

fp¡N r_e„ÓL$ DL$pmp¡ b_phsp A_¡ v$¡iu Npe_p Np¡bf-Np¡d|Ódp„\u "Np¡de' s¥epf L$fsp d_kyMcpC kyhpNuep A_¡ `fkp¡sdcpC rkv$`fp - Npd : ÅdL$p

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rjdp„ lÅfp¡ kyNfuAp¡“y„ ApNd“ ! - ÅdL$p

cpfs_p¡ kp¥\u L$pe®nd `„` kp¥\u gp„bu Aphfv$p

1500

ãgp¡V¡$L$ A¡[ÞS>r_eqf„N âp. rg. DÑf NyS>fps, dÝe NyS>fps, v$rnZ NyS>fps A_¡ L$ÃR>dp„ X$ugfiu` AphL$pe® R>¡. ãgp¡V¡$L$ `ç`_p Ap¡\p¡. qX$gf A_¡ `yõsL$ d¡mhhp_y„ õ\m :

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj T¡fdy¼s tS>v$Nu g¡ML$ : d“kyMcpB kyhpNuep

© L$p¡‘u fpBV$ : g¡ML$“p Ap ‘yõsL$“p L$p¡B ‘Z gMpZ, rQÓp¡ Ap„L$X$pL$u$e L¡$ V¡$L$r“L$g dprlsu“p¡ g¡ML$“u ‘|h®d„S|>fu hNf D‘ep¡N L$fhp¡ A¡ L$p¡‘ufpBV$ L$pev$p“p¡ c„N NZpi¡. S>¡_¡ Npe s\p L©$rj k¡hp_u kpQu cph_p A_¡ r_›$p R>¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ âQpf-âkpf dpV¡$ k„õ\p sdpd `yõsL$p¡ `X$sf cph¡ Ap`i¡

qL$d„s : 50/-

`p„Qdu Aph©rÑ : 20,000 Ly$g “L$g 40,000

kprlÐe d¡mhhp dpV¡$ :

L$p¡ÞV¡$L$ A¡X¹$T - qv$“¡i V$ughp 7/11, c[¼s“Nf õV¡$. àgp¡V$, rhfpZu L$p¡ç‘g¡n kpd¡, fpS>L$p¡V$ - 360 002 ap¡“: 0281 - 2461142

S>m¾$p„rs V²$õV$ C/o.

ãgp¡V¡$L$ A¡ÞÆr_eqf„N âp. gu.

L$_¡qfep Ap¡Bg dug kpd¡, ip`f fp¡X$, dy. ip`f(h¡fphm) rS>. fpS>L$p¡V$. (NyS>fps) ap¡_: (02827) 252509, 253309 dp¡.: 94262 51301

1

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj T¡f dy¼s Æ„v$Nu ip÷ A`®Z... ArMg cpfsue qL$kp_ k„O_p sdpd L$pe®L$sp®Ap¡_¡. S>¡Ap¡_p s`_p¡ lº„ 20 hj®\u kpnu R>y„. v S>¡_p ùv$edp„ qL$kp_p¡_u Ahv$ip_u k„h¡v$_p R>¡. v S>¡Ap¡ L©$rj-qL$kp_p¡-NpdX$p_p âí_p¡ DL¡$ghp L$qV$bÙ R>¡. v S>¡Ap¡ c°ôpQpf A_ M„^p fpS>L$pfZ kpd¡ Ace b_u_¡ M¡X|$sp¡ kp\¡ Dcp R>¡. v S>¡Ap¡A¡ cercs-ip¡rjs

qL$kp_p¡_¡ kÑp^uip¡ kpd¡ V$Ë$pf Dcp fl¡sp A_¡ `p¡sp_p l½$p¡ dp„Nsp iuMìey„ R>¡.

v S>¡Ap¡A¡ L©$rj-qL$kp_p¡-NpdX$pAp¡_p

âï_p¡ DL¡$ghp `p¡sp_p s_-d_-^_

_uQp¡hu_¡ Æh_kd`®Z L$ey¯ R>¡. v S>¡Ap¡_¡ k¡hp_p bv$gpdp„ kÑp-^_-dp_-L$urs® L$p„C S> M`sy„ _\u.

Aphp L$pe®L$sp®Ap¡_y„ OX$sf fpô²ue õhe„ k¡hL$ k„O L$f¡ R>¡. k„âv$pep¡ A_¡ dS>lbp¡ L$fsp dp_h OX$sf_y„ kp¡ NÏ î¡›$ L$pd fpô²ue õhe„ k¡hL$ k„O L$f¡ R>¡. Ap\u fpô²ue õh„e k¡hL$ k„O kdN° cpfsue k„õL©$rs A_¡ fpô²_p¡ î¡›$ dp_h OX$sf_p¡ d¡ê$v$„X$-d|gp^pf R>¡. d_kyMcpC kyhpNuep

2

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

d_kyMcpC kyhpNuep_y„ Frj L$d® S>¡Z¡ L$v$u Ås¡ M¡su L¡$ L$p¡C L$pep£ L$ep® _\u, kÆh M¡su_p L¡$ AÞe A¡L¡$e âep¡Np¡ L$ep® _\u. A¡hp A_¡L$ rhjep¡_p cpjZbpÅ¡-gM_pfpAp¡\u kdpS>_¡ M|b S> lpr_ \C R>¡. S>epf¡ d_kyMcpC M¡X|$s `yÓ R>¡. bpm`Z\u ApS> ky^u Ås¡ M¡su L$fu R>¡, Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p âep¡Np¡ Ås¡ L$ep® R>¡L$fpìep„ R>¡. Q¡L$X¡$dp¡-S>mfnpdp„ hjp£ ky^u gp¡L$p¡ kp\¡ fps-qv$hk L$pd L$ey¯ R>¡. v$¡iu Np¡h„i kp\¡ hjp£ ky^u Æhu_¡ Ås Aæepk L$ep£ R>¡. d_kyMcpC ApÐd tQs_, Ås Aæepk, A_yc|rs, dlp`qfîd A_¡ Ås kd`®Z_p dpZk R>¡. Ås¡ b^p L$pep£ A_¡ A_ych L$fu_¡ gM¡ R>¡. A_¡L$ bpbsp¡dp„ Ly$v$fs¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ A¡V$gu JX$u ApÐd kyT Ap`u R>¡ L¡$, s¡Ap¡ bp¡g¡ A¡d \pe R>¡. s¡Ap¡ oprsÅrs-k„âv$pe_p sdpd c¡v$cph\u `f \C_¡ k„`|Z® r_óL$pd cph¡-g¡M_-L$d® A_¡ k¡hp L$f¡ R>¡. S>¡_p¡ lº„ 12 hj®\u kpnu R>y„. A¡\u s¡Ap¡_y„ L$d®-hQ_ A_¡ g¡M_ cpfsue F>rj `f„`fp_y„ R>¡. fpdLy$cpC A¡d. MpQf D`âdyM-S>m¾$p„rs V²$õV$. 98252 15036

3

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

`p„Qdu Aph©rÑ A`®Z...

îu h¡gÆcpC v$¡kpC A_¡ s¡_p `qfhpf_¡ v S>¡Ap¡_u Np„^ud|ëep¡_u r_›$p AÅ¡X$ R>¡. v S>¡Ap¡_p¡ ApÐdNyZ r_óL$pd kdpS> k¡hp R>¡. v S>¡Ap¡A¡ `p¡sp_p

DÛp¡N_¡ dpÓ L$dpZu_y„ kp^_ _l], `Z fpô² L$ëepZ_p

k„ip¡^_p¡ A_¡ qL$kp_p¡-NpdXy$„-fpô²k¡hp_y„ L¡$ÞÖ b_pìey„ R>¡. v S>¡Ap¡_y„ tQs_, g¡M_ A_¡ L$d® kp¥_¡ â¡fZpv$peu R>¡. v S>¡Ap¡A¡ Adpfp

k¡hpeodp„ S>m¾$p„rs V²$õV$_¡ 11 gpM ê$r`ep_p¡ k„`|Z®

r_óL$pdcph¡ klep¡N Apàep¡ R>¡. S>¡Ap¡_u NyrZeg v$uL$fuAp¡ _uspb¡_ A_¡ kuspb¡_ `p¡sp_u A„Ns bQsdp„\u S>m¾$p„rs V²$õV$_¡ Arhfs v$p_ Ap`¡ R>¡. h¡gÆcpC_p `qfhpf_u r_›$p, k¡hp A_¡ kd`®Z_¡ dpfp âZpd. d_kyMcpC kyhpNuep

4

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

Adpfu r_Ðe âp\®_p. Ap S>Nsdp„ dpf¡ kp¥\u L$fhp S>¡hy„ S>ê$fu L$p¡C L$pe® lp¡e, sp¡ A¡ dpfu Ås_¡ ky^pfhp_y„ A_¡ dpfu Ås_p OX$sf_y„ R>¡. l¡ `fdpÐdp dpfy„ tQs_, v$i®_, iåv$ A_¡ L$d® v$p¡j frls \pAp¡. l¡ `fdpÐdp d_¡ L$pd, ¾$p¡^, gp¡c, dp¡l, Al„L$pf, Cóep®, ce, Apmk, ìek_ A_¡ Aop_\u l„d¡ip dy¼s fpMS>¡. l¡ `fdpÐdp dpfy„ A[õsÐh (ifuf- d_-byrÙ-ùv$e A_¡ ApÐdp) iugh„s \pAp¡. l¡ `fdpÐdp dpfy„ ifuf r_fp¡Nu-ki¼s \pAp¡. d_ iyÙ-Ace-AQg \pAp¡. byrÙ kÒhNyZu-s¡S>õhu \pAp¡. ùv$e k„h¡v$_p-k„hpv$-â¡d A_¡ L$ê$Z_p¡ kpNf \pAp¡. dpfp¡ ApÐdp `fdÐh_p¡ s¡S>`y„S> \pAp¡. dpfy„ kdN° A[õsÐh âpZhp_ \pAp¡. d_kyMcpC kyhpNuep.

5

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

A“y¾$drZL$p ¾$d

âL$fZ

‘p“p “„bf

1

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p¡ S>Þd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2

dp_h A_¡ Æhk©rô_u DÐ`rÑ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3

L©$rj DÐ`pv$__p¡ d|gp^pf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

$4

fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡, S>„sy_piL$ T¡f A_¡ lpCb°uX$ rbepfZ. . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

5

qL$kp_p¡_u bfbpv$u A_¡ Ap`Ops_p L$pfZp¡. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

6

t_v$pdZ _piL$ L¡$rdL$gp¡_u cep_L$sp A_¡ t_v$pdZ_u D`ep¡rNsp . . . . . . 13

7

T¡f-ÆhpX¡$ _l], dpf¡ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

8

sp¡ M¡X|$sp¡ S>du__p dprgL$ dV$u S>i¡. A_¡ v$¡i_p¡ kh®_pi \i¡. . . . . . . . . 16

9

Np¡bf-Np¡d|Ó kpQ¡ S> kp¡_y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

10 k¡rÞÖe Mpsf A_¡ S>du__u amÖº`sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 11 L©$rj `pL$p¡dp„ fp¡N r_e„ÓZ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 12 v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj S> î¡›$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 13 Npe Ap^qfs L©$rj_p apev$p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 14 v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rjdp„ kamsp d¡mh_pf qL$kp_p¡ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 15 v$¡iu rbepfZp¡_y„ S>s_.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 16 T¡fdy¼s-âpZhp_ Æ„v$Nu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 17 kyhZ®c|rd cpfs_p `Ngp„ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 18 âL©$rs^d® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

6

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

1. Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p¡ S>Þd. rh.k„. 2054, C.k. 1998-99dp„ S|>_pNY$ rS>‰p_p ÅdL$p Npd\u kfL$pfu klpe hNf gp¡L$a„X$ A_¡ îdv$p_\u Q¡L$X¡$d-smph ep¡S>_p_p¡ âpf„c L$ep£. 300 Npdp¡dp„ 3000 Q¡L$X¡$d-smphp¡ b„^pìep. Ap _hu kam ep¡S>_pA¡ v$¡i_¡ S>m¾$p„rs Ap`u. gyá \sp Nuf Np¡h„i_¡ bQphhp rh.k„. 2055 C.k. 2000dp„ ÅdL$p Npd\u Nuf Npe Ap`Zp Ap„NZ¡ ep¡S>_p_p¡ âpf„c L$ep£. lÅfp¡ Npdp¡dp„ S>C gp¡L$p¡_¡ Ap„NZ¡ Åshp_ v$¡iu Npe `pmhp_p¡ k„L$ë` g¡hX$phu gp¡L$p¡_¡ Ap„NZ¡ Npep¡ b„^phu. gp¡L$p¡A¡ b¡ gpM\u h^y Nuf-L$p„L$f¡S> v$¡iu Npep¡ Ap„NZ¡ bp„^u. Npe A_¡ s¡_p v$|^-Ou_p kp¡_p kdp_ d|ëe \ep„. gyá \sp¡ Nuf Np¡h„i DNfu Nep¡. A_¡ Nuf Npe ¾$p„rs \B. S>¡Z¡ kdN° cpfs_p gyá \B fl¡gp AZdp¡g Np¡h„ip¡_¡ DNpfhp_u v$¡i_¡ kpQu qv$ip Ap`u. Npe_¡ DNpfhp_p AÞe cph A_¡ CÃR>pir¼sdp„\u rh.k„. 2060, C.k. 2004dp„ v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj d„Ó_u A„s:õawfZp \B v$¡i A_¡ rhïhdp„ kÆh M¡su_p¡ Ap„riL$ âpf„c \B QyL¡$gp¡. `Z Ap _hp rhQpf_p L¡$ÞÖdp„ v$¡iu Np¡h„i R>¡. ÅdL$p_p L$d®r_›$ qL$kp_ `fkp¡sdcpC kuv$`fp A_¡ iugpb¡_¡ Ap _hp rhQpf_p¡ â\d Adg L$ep£. â\d hfk¡ S> kamsp dmu. Ad¡ Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_u â\d _p_L$X$u `yõsuL$p gMu. lÅfp¡ M¡X|$sp¡_¡ ÅdL$p bp¡gphu. Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p kam `qfZpdp¡ bsphu Adg L$fhp_p¡ k„L$ë` g¡hX$pìep¡. lÅfp¡ Npdp¡dp„ S>C `yõsL$p¡ hl¢Qu M¡X|$sp¡_¡ Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p¡ k„L$ë` g¡hX$phu dpN®v$i®_ Apàey„. L©$rj eyr_hk}V$u_p h¥opr_L$p¡ ÅdL$p Apìep. kam `qfZpdp¡\u âcprhs \ep. âpZOpsL$ A_¡ S>du__u amÖº`sp_p¡ _pi L$f_pfp fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡-S>„sy_piL$ T¡f_p¡ ÐepN L$fu_¡ M¡X|$sp¡A¡ Np¡bf-Np¡d|Ó\u M¡su L$fsp„ DÐ`pv$_ h©rÙ \C. r`es_p `pZu_u bQs \B A_¡ A_pS>, amp¡, ipL$cpÆ, dkpgp M|b S> õhpqv$ô A_¡ kyN„r^s `p¼ep„. S>¡dp„ î¡›$ õhpv$-kyN„^ lp¡e A¡dp„ S> `p¡jL$sp A_¡ âpZir¼s `|Z® lp¡e A¡ kÐe Ad_¡ hNf `qfnZ¡ kdÅey„. âpZir¼s A_¡ cpfs_y„ crhóe âpZhp_ âÅ iåv$p¡_u A„s:õawfZp_y„ d|m Åshp_ v$¡iu Npe A_¡ Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj R>¡. Ap _hp dpN®_p `p„Q `qfZpdp¡ Apìep„. 1. byrÙdp_ A_¡ L$d®W$ M¡X|$sp¡A¡ âpZOpsL$ fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡-S>„sy_piL$ T¡f_p¡ ÐepN L$fu_¡ v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj A`_phu, Ðep„ L©$rj DÐ`pv$_ A_¡ S>du__u amÖ`sp b„_¡ hÝep„ R>¡. 2. Npd¡-Npd M¡X|$sp¡A¡ fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡-S>„sy_piL$ T¡f_p b¡apd h`fpi `f r_e„ÓZ d|¼ey„ A_¡ R>prZey„ Mpsf A_¡ Np¡d|Ó hp`fsp \ep„. 3. Ak„¿e M¡X|$sp¡ Npe_p R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó\u `p¡sp_p dpV$¡ A_pS>-amp¡-ipL$cpÆ `L$phu_¡ Mpsp \ep„. 4. L©$rj eyr_hk}V$uAp¡A¡ T¡f-fkperZL$ Mpsfp¡\u dy¼s kÆh L©$rj_p¡ âpf„c L$ep£. 5. N°pçe A_¡ il¡fu gp¡L$p¡ JQp cph¡ v$¡iu Npe_p v$|^-Ou s\p Npe_p R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó\u `pL¡$gp„ A_pS>, amp¡, ipL$cpÆ, dkpgp Alp¡cph\u Mpsp \ep„. Ap M|b kam iyc k„L¡$s R>¡. S>du__u Ly$v$fsu amÖº`sp, Aß_u `p¡jL$sp, dp_hÅrs A_¡ Æhk©rô_p¡ h„i ipïhs V$L$phhp dpV$¡ S>Ns¡ Æhg¡Z T¡f A_¡ fkpeZp¡\u R>|V$hy„ S> `X$i¡. S>¡_p¡ kp¥\u kam dpN® v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj R>¡. S>¡dp„ AÞe `Ùrs_u kÆh M¡su L$fsp„ h^y DÐ`pv$_ dm¡ R>¡. Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p fp¡Np¡ Aph¡ R>¡, kp¥\u `p¡jL$ âpZir¼s v$psp Aß `pL¡$ R>¡. M¡X|$sp¡_p `qfhpfp¡ s\p v$¡i_p gp¡L$p¡_¡ Ad©s kdp_ v$¡iu Npe_p v$|^-Ou-dpMZ-R>pk_p¡ Aplpf A_¡ fp¡Ndyr¼s dpV$¡ Np¡d|Ó dm¡ R>¡.

7

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

`p¡sp_p Æh_-`qfhpf-^fsu-Npe-Æhk©rô A_¡ fpô²_¡ Qpl_pfp, R>Y$ CÃR>pir¼shpmp, rS>opky A_¡ dlp`y{jp\} qL$kp_p¡A¡ v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj ê$`u _hp rhQpf buS>_y„ kam hph¡sf L$ey¯ R>¡. Aphp Æh_kp^L$p¡, L©$rjkp^L$p¡, Np¡kp^L$p¡ A_¡ fpô²kp^L$p¡_¡ dpfp âZpd. ^d®-kdpS> A_¡ fpS>L$pfZ_p Apk_¡\u Ap`Z¡ hpsp¡ blº L$fu. lh¡ kÐe rhQpfp¡_y„ ApQfZ L$fuA¡. Ås¡ dlp`|{jp\® L$fuA¡. L$p¡C `Z âï__p r_hpfZ_p¡ dpN® dpÓ hpsp¡, `fQp L¡$ L$p¡C_p Aprihp®v$ _\u `Z ùv$e_p¡ KX$p¡ â¡d, âQ„X$ CÃR>pir¼s, JXy$„ op_, âï_p¡_¡ d|mdp„\u DM¡X$u _p„Mhp_p¡ ÖY$ k„L$ë`, Ace, Ås_p¡ S> dlp`y{jp\®, L$d®r_›$p A_¡ k„Ocph(A¡L$sp) R>¡. Ap dpN£ Qpgu_¡ Ap`Zp lp\¡ S> Æh_, `qfhpf, L©$rj, Npe, NpdXy$„ A_¡ fpô²_¡ Apbpv$, âpZhp_ A_¡ kyfrns L$fuA¡. Ap`Zp lp\¡ S> kyhZ®c|rd cpfs_y„ r_dp®Z L$fuA¡.

2. dp_h A_¡ Æhk©rô_u DÐ`rÑ k©rô_p d|m `p„Q sÐhp¡ ^fsu, S>m, hpey, Ar‚ A_¡ ApL$pidp„\u dp_h, Np¡h„i, âpZuAp¡, Æh-S>„sy, A_¡ h_õ`rs k©rô_y„ õ\|m ifuf kÅ®ey„. `fdsÐh `fdpÐdpdp„\u s¡_p¡ kyÿd A„i ApÐdp õ\|m ifufdp„ âh¡isp kL$g Æhk©rô_y„ kS>®_ \ey„. A_¡ r_f„sf \B füy„ R>¡. ApL$pi sÐh A_¡ k|e®dp„\u Ar‚ sÐh dp_h_¡ L$p¡C L$d® hNf âpá \pe R>¡. S>epf¡ ^fsu, S>m A_¡ hpey sÐh dp_h_¡ L$d®\u âpá \pe R>¡. Ap\u Ap ÓZ sÐhp¡ `p¡jL$ A_¡ iyÙ lp¡e sp¡ S> dp_h A_¡ kÆhp¡_¡ ir¼s, Apfp¡Áe, Æh_ A_¡ _hp¡ h„i âpá \pe. ^fsu, S>m A_¡ hpey sÐh T¡f A_¡ lpr_L$pfL$ fkpeZp¡\u AiyÙ \pe sp¡ dp_h A_¡ Æhk©rôdp„ fp¡Np¡ Aph¡, rhL$pk fy„^pe,Apeyóe, âS>__ir¼s A_¡ _hp¡ h„i DÐ`_ L$fhp_u ndsp OV$¡ L¡$ _pi `pd¡. Ap\u kL$g Æhk©rô_p kyMu Æh_ A_¡ ipïhs h„i ÅmhZu dpV$¡ ^fsu, S>m, hpey_u iyÙsp A_¡ `p¡jL$sp Åmhhu Ar_hpe® R>¡.

3. L©$rj DÐ`pv$__p¡ d|gp^pf dpV$udp„ fl¡gp `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡ h_õ`rs ku^p Qyku i¼sp _\u. S>du__p b¡¼V$¡qfep A_¡ Amrkep L©$rj L$Qfp¡ A_¡ dpV$u MpC_¡ A¡ sÐhp¡_¡ h_õ`rs N°lZ L$fu iL¡$ A¡ õhê$`dp„ `qfhrs®s L$f¡ R>¡. M¡sfdp„ _p„M¡gu dyfd_¡ dpV$u b_phhp_y„ L$pd b¡L$V$¡qfep S> L$f¡ R>¡. Apd ^fsu `f DNsu sdpd h_õ`rs_p `p¡jZ_p¡ d|gp^pf S>du__p b¡L$V$¡qfep A_¡ Amrkep R>¡. Ap b„_¡_p¡ Mp¡fpL$ k¡[ÞÖe Mpsf A_¡ L©$rj L$Qfp¡ R>¡. hfkpv$u S>m k„`|Z® iyÙ lp¡e R>¡. S>¡ Æhk©rô A_¡ Æh__p¡ d|gp^pf R>¡. hfkpv$ `X¡$ Ðepf¡ hfkpv$_y„ `pZu c|smdp„ Dsfu_¡ c|smdp„ L|$v$fsu fus¡ kQhpe R>¡, A_¡ smphp¡dp„ cfpe R>¡ A_¡ _v$uAp¡dp„ hl¡ R>¡. S>¡dp„\u r`es L$fu_¡ DÐ`pv$_ dm¡ R>¡. âv$|jZ hNf_u iyÙ lhp S> h_õ`rs_p¡ âpZhpey R>¡. Apd iyÙ S>m A_¡ iyÙ lhp L©$rj DÐ`pv$__p¡ buÅ¡ Ap^pf R>¡. DÐ`pv$__p¡ Ap^pf S>¡ s¡ âv$¡i_p v$¡iu rbepfZp¡ R>¡. Ly$v$fs¡ v$f 10 \u 100 L$u.du._p A„sf¡ S|>v$p-S|>v$p âL$pf_y„ hpsphfZ kS>®ey„ R>¡. S>¡_¡ h¥opr_L$p¡A¡ S>ghpey _pd Apàey„ R>¡. Apd k©rô_p âpf„c\u S>du_ A_¡ S>ghpey_¡ A_yê$` S> L©$rj `pL$p¡, amTpX$, Opk, R>p¡X$, h¡gp, h©np¡ ApS> ky^u \sp„ Apìep R>¡. S>¡ s¡ âv$¡idp„ \sp„ A_pS>, amp¡, ipL$cpÆ, dkpgp, Ap¥j^, OpkQpfp¡ A_¡ AÞe h©np¡_u `p¡sp_u c|rddp„ DNhp_u, rhL$khp_u A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ Ap`hp_u ipïhs Ly$v$fsu ndsp lp¡e R>¡. Ap\u L©$rj DÐ`pv$__p¡ ÓuÅ¡ Ap^pf DÑd v$¡iu rbepfZp¡ R>¡.

8

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

L©$rj DÐ`pv$_p¡ Qp¡\p¡ Ap^pf k¡[ÞÖe Mpsf R>¡. s¡dp„e Ad¡ `uW$ `f M|„^hpmu v$¡iu Npe_p Np¡d|Ó-R>pZ_y„ g¡bp¡f¡V$fudp„ `qfnZ L$fphsp Np¡d|Ódp„ ârs guV$f¡ kyhZ®_y„ âdpZ 1 \u 3 duguN°pd A_¡ R>pZdp„ ârsqL$gp¡A¡ 22 duguN°pd kyhZ®_y„ âdpZ Å¡hp dm¡g R>¡. Ap kyhZ® L©$rj `pL$dp„ kX$p¡ AV$L$phhpdp„ A_¡ _hp¡ h„i A¡V$g¡ L¡$ awg-buS>-am DÐ`ß L$fhpdp„ _„bf-1 `p¡jL$ sÒh R>¡. c¢k A_¡ O¡V$p-bL$fp_p d|Ó-R>pZdp„ kyhZ® Å¡hp dm¡g _\u. Ap\u v$¡iu Np¡h„i_p R>pZ-d|Ó L©$rjdp„ kpQ¡ S> kp¡_p kdp_ R>¡. L©$rj DÐ`pv$__p¡ `p„Qdp¡ Ap^pf d^dpMu, cdfp, L$uV$L$p¡ A_¡ `nuAp¡ R>¡. S>¡ awgp¡ `f b¡ku awgp¡_u `fpNfS>_y„ rhõsfZ L$fu agu_uL$fZ_y„ AÅ¡X$ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡. `nuAp¡ A_¡L$ âL$pf_p TuZp buS>\u gB Å„by Mpe R>¡. `nu_p `¡V$_u Nfdu\u h_õ`rs_p buS>-W$rmep_u A„Ly$fZir¼s h^u Åe R>¡. A¡L$ qv$hkdp„ `nu A¡L$\u A¡L$kp¡ qL$gp¡ duV$f v$|f ky^u DX$u Ap buS>W$rmep_¡ hky„^pfp_p Mp¡m¡ hph¡sf_y„ AÅ¡X$ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡. dp¡Y$pdp„ L¡$ `Ndp„ L¡$fu S>¡hp dp¡V$p am `L$X$u A¡L$ S>ÁepA¡\u buÆ S>ÁepA¡ gB S>C_¡ Mpe R>¡. buS>, W$rmep Np¡V$gu hNX$pdp„-S>„Ngdp„, M¡sfp¡_p i¡Y$¡ h¡fu_¡ h©n hph¡sf_y„ AÅ¡X$ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡. s©Zplpfu âpZuAp¡ Opk, h¡gp, R>p¡X$ kp\¡ s¡_p buS> Mpe R>¡. Ap âpZuAp¡_p `¡V$_u Nfdu\u A¡ h_õ`rsAp¡_p buS>_u A„Ly$fZ ir¼s h^u Åe R>¡. R>pZdp„ fl¡gp buS> R>pZ_u Nfdu-`p¡jZ dmsp Ahíe DN¡ R>¡. Apd s©Zplpfu âpZuAp¡ `Z hky„^fp_p Mp¡m¡ h_õ`rs hph¡sf_y„ AÅ¡X$ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡. Apd S>du__p k„syrgs `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡, b¡L$V$¡qfep, Amrkep, iyÙ S>m A_¡ iyÙ lhp, DÑd v$¡iu rbepfZ, Np¡h„i_p Np¡bf-Np¡d|Ó, L©$rj L$Qfpdp„\u b_ph¡g k¡[ÞÖe Mpsf, d^dpMu, qL$V$L$p¡, `nuAp¡, âpZuAp¡, sdpd `pL$p¡_p S>Þd, rhL$pk A_¡ DÐ`pv$__p¡ d|gp^pf R>¡. Ap\u sÐhp¡ A_¡ Æhp¡ S> dp_Års, Æhk©rô A_¡ fpô²_p A[õsÐh A_¡ Apbpv$u_p¡ `Z d|gp^pf R>¡. Ap\u Ap sdpd sÐhp¡ A_¡ Æhp¡_u dp_h¡ fnp L$fhu Ar_hpe® R>¡.

4. fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡, S>„sy_piL$ T¡f A_¡ lpCb°uX$ rbepfZ. hs®dp_ rhop_¡ k„ip¡^_ L$ey¯ L¡$ S>du_dp„ 20 `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡ h_õ`rs_¡ D`ep¡Nu R>¡. lS|> _ ip¡^pe¡gp A_¡L$ sÒhp¡ `Z S>du_dp„ lp¡hp_u `|fu k„cph_p R>¡ S>. A¡dp„\u dy¿e sÒh sfuL¡$ _pCV²$p¡S>_, ap¡õafk, `p¡V$pi_¡ NZphu s¡_p fpkperZL$ Mpsf b_phu S>du_dp„ Dd¡ep® S>¡\u âpf„c¡ AÞe sÐhp¡_u lpS>fudp„ DÐ`pv$_ h^y dmsy v$¡Mpey„ `Z fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡_p b¡apd h`fpi A_¡ R>prZey„ L¡$ k¡[ÞÖe Mpsf_u D`¡np\u S>du__u amÖº`sp_y„ k„syg_ s|V$u Ney„. A¡\u L©$rj `pL$p¡dp„ fp¡Np¡_y„ âdpZ hÝey„. _hp _hp fp¡Np¡ Apìep„. s¡_¡ AV$L$phhp L$prsg T¡f_u ip¡^ \B A_¡ L©$rj `pL$p¡dp„ qv$hk¡ qv$hk¡ h^y_¡ h^y dpÓpdp„ T¡f_p¡ D`ep¡N \hp gpÁe¡p. h^y DÐ`pv$_ g¡hp_u Ap„^mu v$p¡V$dp„ lpCb°uX$ rbepfZp¡ ip¡^pep. lpCb°uX$ rbepfZp¡_u S>¡ s¡ âv$¡i_p hpsphfZdp„ Æhhp_u A_¡ rhL$khp_u ir¼s _ lp¡hp\u s¡dp„ fp¡Np¡ h^y Aph¡ R>¡. S>¡\u T¡f_p¡ h`fpi hÝep¡. s¡dp„e S>r__ `qfhs®_\u DÐ`ß L$f¡gp hZ®k„L$f rbepfZp¡ sp¡ k„`|Z® ALy$v$fsu R>¡. S>¡dp„ R>¡‰¡ kh®_pi S> \pe. fpeprZL$ Msfp¡, S>„sy_piL$ T¡f A_¡ lpCb°uX$ rbepfZp¡\u _uQ¡ âdpZ¡ cep_L$ `qfZpdp¡ Apìep. 1.

S>du__u Ly$v$fsu amÖº`sp_y„ k„syg_ syV$u Ney„. T¡f A_¡ fkpeZp¡\u S>du__p Amrkep A_¡ D`ep¡Nu b¡L$V$¡qfep dfu Nep S>¡\u ^ud¡ ^ud¡ DÐ`pv$_ OV$hp gpÁey„. kh®_¡ Æh_v$psp ^fsu kÐhlu_ b_su Åe R>¡.

9

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

2.

âL©$rs-Ly$v$fs_u A_dp¡g c¡V$ A¡hp lÅfp¡ DÑd-v$¡iu rbepfZp¡ gyá \B Nep„ L¡$ gyápsp_¡ Apf¡ Nep„. S>¡ L$v$u _ `yfu iL$pe A¡hu Mp¡V$ R>¡.

3.

A_pS>, L$W$p¡m, s¡gurbep, ipL$cpÆ, dkpgp, Ap¥j^ A_¡ OpkQpfp_u NyZhÑp, `p¡jL$sp, õhpv$ A_¡ kyN„^ _pi `pçep. Ap MpÛ `v$p\p£dp„ T¡f cmsp A¡ T¡f dp_h, Np¡h„i, âpZuAp¡, `nuAp¡_p `¡V$dp„ Ney„. S>¡\u s¡dp„ Air¼s, fp¡Np¡, Nc®`ps, h„ÝeÐh A_¡ AL$pm d©Ðey_y„ âdpZ M|b h^u Ney„. ApS>¡ dp_hp¡_p gp¡lu A_¡ dpsp_p ^phZ_y„ `qfnZ L$fsp s¡dp„ `Z Æhg¡Z S>„sy_piL$ T¡f A_¡ eyqfep Å¡hp dþep R>¡. X$peprbV$uk, ïhpk_p fp¡Np¡, L¡$Þkf, ùv$efp¡N, bu.`u. QpdX$u_p fp¡Np¡ dp_rkL$ fp¡Np¡ b¡apd h^sp Åe R>¡. fkpeZp¡ A_¡ T¡f ÷u, Npe A_¡ AÞe dpv$p_p õs_dp„ A_¡ Ncp®iedp„ S>dp \pe R>¡. A¡\u ÷uAp¡dp„ õs_ A_¡ Ncp®ie_p L¡$Þkf, kX$p¡, Nc®`ps A_¡ h„ÝeÐh_y„ âdpZ M|b hÝey„ R>¡. T¡f A_¡ `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡_u Mpdu\u `y{jp¡dp„ iy¾$pÏ _bmp `X¡$ R>¡ A_¡ k„¿ep OV$¡ R>¡. Ap\u `y{jp¡dp„ `Z _`y„kL$sph„ÝeÐh Apìep. Aphy„ S> Np¡h„i-âpZuAp¡-`nuAp¡dp„ \ey„ R>¡.

4.

`p¡jL$sp hNf_p A_¡ T¡f ey¼s OpkQpfp\u Npep¡ A_¡ AÞe v$|^ Ap`sp âpZuAp¡_y„ v$|^ DÐ`pv$_ A_¡ NyZhÑp OV$u Nep A_¡ s¡dp„ `Z T¡f cþey„. Np¡h„i A_¡ AÞe âpZuAp¡ `Z iyÙ Qpfp¡ dm¡ sp¡ fpkperZL$ Mpsf\u `pL¡$g Qpfp¡ Mphp_y„ `k„v$ L$fsp _\u.

5.

L©$rj h¥opr_L$p¡_y„ spfZ R>¡ L¡$, L©$rj `pL$p¡dp„ Aphsp 100 Æh-S>„sydp„ 10 lpr_L$pfL$ R>¡ S>epf¡ 90 ÆhS>„sy riL$pfu R>¡ S>¡ L©$rj `pL$p¡_p lpr_L$pfL$ ÆhS>„sy_¡ MpC Åe R>¡. T¡f_p R>„V$L$ph\u Ap sdpd D`ep¡Nu S>„sy `Z dfu Åe R>¡.

6.

d^dpMu agur_L$fZ_y„ kp¥\u h^y L$pd L$f¡ R>¡ T¡f_p R>„V$L$ph\u d^dpMu A_¡ agur_L$fZdp„ D`ep¡Nu AÞe qL$V$L$p¡, cdfp, `nuAp¡_p¡ dlprh_pi \ep¡. S>¡\u DÐ`pv$_ OV$éy„ R>¡. h¥opr_L$p¡_y„ A¡hy„ spfZ R>¡ L¡$ T¡f\u `©Õhu `f\u d^dpMu_p¡ _pi \pe sp¡ L©$rj-amTpX$dp„ DÐ`pv$_ A¡V$gy„ OV$u Åe, L¡$ `R>u_p 10 S> hj®dp„ dp_h hõsu_p¡ cyMdfp\u _pi \pe. ApV$gu dp¡V$u D`ep¡Nusp d^dpMu_u R>¡. S>¡ S>„sy_piL$ T¡f_p kpdpÞe R>„V$L$ph\u sfs dfu Åe R>¡.

7.

L©$rjdp„ R>p„V$¡gy„ T¡f, eyqfep A_¡ L$pfMp_pAp¡_p T¡fu L¡$rdL$gp¡ hfkpv$ A_¡ `ues_p `pZu kp\¡ S>du_dp„ Dsep® A¡\u ApS>¡ sdpd L|$hp-bp¡f_p `pZu_p¡ Ly$v$fsu õhpv$ _pi `pçep¡ R>¡. Aphy„ `pZu X¡$dp¡dp„ Ney„. S>¡\u ApS>¡ c|sm A_¡ X¡$dp¡_p `pZu T¡fu A_¡ eyqfephpmp \ep„ R>¡. S>¡ dp_h krls sdpd Æhk©rô_¡ M|b lpr_L$pfL$ R>¡. Ap L¡$rdL$ghpmp `pZu\u L©$rj DÐ`pv$__¡ `Z dpW$u Akf \C R>¡.

8.

S>„sy_piL$ T¡f A_¡ L$pfMp_p-hpl_p¡_p ^|dpX$p\u S>¡ dp_h A_¡ âpZuAp¡_¡ M|b lpr_L$pfL$ R>¡. lh¡ ApNm_p dpÓ 50 hj® S>„sy_piL$ T¡f, fpkperZL$ Msfp¡_p¡ h`fpi A_¡ L$pfMp_p, DÛp¡Np¡, hpl_p¡_y„ âv$|jZ Qpgy fl¡ sp¡ ^fsu, `pZu A_¡ lhp Akü T¡f ey¼s \B Åe. L©$rj DÐ`pv$_ h^hp_¡ bv$g¡ A¡L$v$d OV$u Åe. sdpd MpÛ `v$p\p£ `p¡jL$ Ad©s dV$u_¡ Æhg¡Z T¡f \B Åe. S>¡\u dp_hÅrs krls sdpd Æhk©rôdp„ b¡apd fp¡Np¡, h„ÝeÐh A_¡ AL$pm d©Ðey Aph¡. Apd T¡f A_¡ lpr_L$pfL$ fkpeZp¡ kyM- Ad©[Ý^_p¡ dpN® _\u S> _\u `Z kh® _pi_p¡ dpN® R>¡.

10

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

5. qL$kp_p¡_u bfbpv$u A_¡ Ap`Ops_p L$pfZp¡. 1. S>mkdõep : L©$rj A_¡ DÛp¡Np¡_p rhL$pk A_¡ hõsu h^pfp kpd¡ v$¡idp„ S>mfnp A_¡ S>m ìehõ\p`__y„ L$pe® _p \ey„ A¡\u kdN° v$¡i_p M¡X|$sp¡A¡ Npd v$uW$ 1500 awV$ ky^u_u KX$pC_p 100 \u 1000 bp¡f L$fpìep.bp¡f A_¡ `pZu L$pY$hp_p kp^_p¡dp„ M¡X|$sp¡_p AbÅ¡ ê$r`ep v$f hj£ MQp®ep A_¡ h^y_¡ h^y MQp®C füp R>¡. R>sp„ `pZu _ dmhp\u `pL$ r_óam Åe R>¡. Apd S>mkdõep L©$rj A_¡ qL$kp_p¡_u bfbpv$u_y„ â\d L$pfZ R>¡. 2. L©$rj `¡v$pip¡_p `p¡jZnd cphp¡ _ dmhp : L©$rj A_¡ qL$kp__u Ap kp¥\u dp¡V$u kdõep R>¡. L©$rj`pL$ Aph¡ Ðepf¡ s¡_p¡ k„N°l L$fhp dpV$¡ qL$kp_p¡ `pk¡ `yfsp dL$p_, Np¡X$pD_ _¡ Apr\®L$ ndsp _ lp¡hp\u A¡L$ kp\¡ dpg bÅfdp„ Aphsp L©$rj`¡v$pip¡_p cphp¡ `X$sf\u `Z _uQ¡ b¡ku Åe R>¡. OZuhpf kfL$pfu s„Ó_p c°ôpQpf\u v$¡idp„ `yfsy„ DÐ`pv$_ lp¡hp R>sp„ h¡`pfuAp¡-L„$`_uAp¡_p gpcp\£ blpf\u dpg Apeps L$fpe R>¡. A_¡ v$¡i_u S>ê$qfeps\u h^y `pL$ \ep¡ lp¡hp R>sp„ r_L$pk AV$L$phpe R>¡. Aphp k„Å¡Np¡dp„ gNcN v$f hj£ M¡X|$sp¡_¡ A¡L$ `pL$dp„ _ap_¡ bv$g¡ Mp¡V$ Åe R>¡. MpÛ QuÅ¡_p \p¡X$p cphp¡ JQp Åe Ðep„ L©$rj A_¡ qL$kp_p¡_u lpgs-hpõsrhL$sp\u k„`|Z® AÅZ A¡hu il¡fu âÅ A_¡ g¡cpNy kdpS>k¡hL$p¡ A_¡ fpS>L$pfZuAp¡ dp¢Ohpfu_u L$pNpfp¡m dQph¡ R>¡, f¡guAp¡ L$pY$¡ R>¡. rh^p_ kcpAp¡-k„kv$dp„ l„Npdp \pe R>¡. `Z v$f hj£ v$¡i_p L$fp¡X$p¡ M¡X|$sp¡_¡ `X$sf\u `Z _uQp cph¡ dpg h¡Qhp¡ `X¡$ Ðepf¡ _\u L$p¡C kdpS>k¡hL$p¡ f¡guAp¡ L$pY$sp, _\u rh^p_kcp-k„kv$dp„ k„hpv$ \sp¡ L¡$ _\u TX$`u ep¡Áe r_Z®ep¡ g¡hpsp S>¡ L©$rj, qL$kp_p¡ A_¡ L©$rjâ^p_ v$¡i_y„ kp¥\u dp¡Vy$„ v$ycp®Áe R>¡. 3. fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡ A_¡ S>„sy_piL$ T¡f : Ap b¡ `v$p\p£ Mfuv$hpdp„ v$f hj£ M¡X|$sp¡ ârs A¡L$f¡ `p„Q\u kps lÅf ê$r`ep MQ£ R>¡. S>¡\u Npd qv$W$ kfpkfu A¡L$ L$fp¡X$ ê$r`ep\u h^y fL$d MQp®e R>¡. S>„sy_piL$ T¡f A_¡ fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡\u \sp„ fp¡Np¡_u kpfhpfdp„ v$f¡L$ `qfhpf, Npd A_¡ fpô²_u dp¡V$u fL$d MQp®e R>¡. s¡dS> fp¡Np¡ A_¡ AL$pm d©Ðey_y„ âdpZ suh° NrsA¡ h^u füy„ R>¡. 4. V²$¡¼V$fp¡ A_¡ qX$Tg MQ® : V²$¡¼V$fp¡ b_phsu L„$`_uAp¡ A_¡ b¢L$p¡A¡ `p¡sp_u L$dpZu L$fhp M¡X|$sp¡_¡ V²$¡¼V$fp¡_u gp¡__p fhpX¡$ QY$pìep. S>¡_u Åmdp„ akpC_¡ v$¡i_p dp¡V$p cpN_p Npdp¡dp„ M¡X|$sp¡A¡ S>ê$qfeps\u v$i NZu L¡$ s¡\u `Z h^y k„¿epdp„ V²$¡¼V$fp¡ MfuÛp. ApS>¡ V²$¡¼V$fp¡_¡ 365 qv$hk_p hj®dp„ 30 qv$hk_y„ `Z L$pd dmsy _\u. V²$¡¼V$fp¡_u S>ê$fuAps_y„ k„syg_ Åmìep hNf kfL$pf¡ V²$¡¼V$fp¡dp„ kbrkX$u Ap`u. S>¡dp„ v$¡i A_¡ M¡X|$sp¡_p AbÅ¡ ê$r`ep h¡X$apC füp R>¡. V²$¡¼V$f D_pm¡ kyL$u ^fsudp„ `Z M¡sfdp„ Qgphpe R>¡ Ðep„ Qp¡dpk¡ `pL$ _bmp¡ fl¡ R>¡. Ap hpõsrhL$sp Ad¡ Ås¡ A_¡L$ M¡sfp¡dp„ Å¡C R>¡. S>epf¡ dl¡_s L$fhp_u A_¡ bmv$ kpQhhp_u Apmk¡ M¡X|$sp¡ Qp¡dpkpdp„ A_¡ riepm¡-D_pm¡ c¡S>hpmu S>du_dp„ V²$¡¼V$f Qgph¡ R>¡. A¡\u S>du_ A_¡ `pL$_p d|m v$bpe R>¡. d|m_¡ lhp dmhp_y„ âdpZ OV$¡ R>¡. b¡L$V$¡qfep-Amrkep dfu Åe R>¡. S>du_ L$W$Z \B Åe R>¡. A¡\u S>du__y„ Ly$v$fsu b„^pfZ bNX¡$ R>¡ A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ Qp¡½$k OV$¡ R>¡. V²$¡¼V$fp¡A¡ bmv$p¡_u S>ê$qfeps Aë` L$fu _p„Mu A¡\u v$¡i_p Np¡h„i_p¡ dlprh_pi \ep¡. S>¡ L$v$u _ `|fu iL$pe A¡hu v$¡i A_¡ âL©$rs_¡ Mp¡V$ R>¡. 5. lpCb°uX$ rbepfZp¡ : L©$rj A_¡ qL$kp_p¡_p rhL$pk dpV$¡ _l], `Z dpÓ `p¡sp_p h¡`pf dpV$¡ S> lpCb°uX$ rbepfZ_u L„$`_uAp¡ A[õsÐhdp„ Aphu R>¡. S>¡Z¡ h^y DÐ`pv$__u gpgQ Ap`u M¡X|$sp¡_¡ cfdpìep. v$¡iu-rhv$¡iu L„$`_uAp¡A¡ A_pS>, L$W$p¡m, s¡gurbep, dkpgp, amp¡, ipL$cpÆ, i¡fX$u, Ap¥jr^e `pL$p¡, A_¡ OpkQpfp_u `p¡sp_p hpsphfZdp„ L$p¡C fp¡N hNf L¡$ kph Aë` fp¡N_u Akfp¡ hpmu MX$sg, Ap¡R>p `pZuA¡ L¡$ hNf r`es¡ `pL$su A_¡ î¡›$ DÐ`pv$_ kp\¡ DÑd NyZhsp, õhpv$, kyN„^hpmu Ak„¿e cpsp¡_¡ c|gphu v$u^u. ApS>¡e Ad¡ kdN° v$¡idp„ Å¡ey„ R>¡ L¡$, v$f¡L$ hN®dp„ lpCb°uX$\u `Z h^y DÐ`pv$_ Ap`su A_¡ L$p¡C S> fp¡N hNf `pL$su î¡›$ v$¡iu Åsp¡ A[õsÐhdp„ R>¡ S>. Aphu DÑd Åsp¡ cygphu_¡ dpÓ lpCb°uX$ rbepfZ_p fhpX¡$ QY$phu_¡ L„$`_uAp¡ v$f hj£ Npd v$uW$ M¡X|$sp¡_p gpMp¡\u L$fp¡X$p¡ ê$r`ep Qyku Åe R>¡. lpCb°uX$ Åsp¡dp„ fp¡N h^y Ap`hp S>„sy_piL$ T¡f_p R>„V$L$ph_p¡ MQ® h^¡ R>¡. `p¡jZ d|ëep¡ OV$¡ R>¡ A_¡ Aplpf T¡fu \pe A¡ _yL$ip_ h^pfp_y„. lpCb°uX$ rbepfZp¡A¡

11

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

v$¡i A_¡ rhïhdp„ Ly$v$fs¡ kS>£g î¡›$ Åsp¡, âL©$rs_p h¥rhÝe_p¡ _pi L$fu_¡ ¼epf¡e ky^pfu _p iL$pe A¡V$gy„ _yL$ip_ dp_hÅrs A_¡ kL$g âL©$rs_¡ L$ey¯ R>¡. 6. Ås`y{jp\®_p¡ Acph : A„N°¡Æ `Ùrs_y„ îd_u D`¡np L$f_pfy„ cZsf A_¡ il¡fp¡_u v$¡Mpv$¡Mudp„ M¡X|$s `qfhpfp¡ fp¡S>_p 8 \u 12 L$gpL$ îd_p¡ âL©$rs^d® c|gu Nep A¡ M¡su_u bfbpv$u_y„ dlÐh_y„ L$pfZ R>¡. A_¡ âL©$rs-`fdpÐdp_p¡ Ançe A`fp^ R>¡. S>¡ v$¡idp„ il¡fp¡ A_¡ NpdX$pdp„ 20 \u 60 hj®_y„ eyhp^_ L$p¡C îd hNf b¡ku fl¡ L¡$ dpÓ Ap„V$pa¡fp dpf¡ A¡ `qfhpf A_¡ v$¡i_p `s__¡ Cïhf `Z _ bQphu iL¡$. ApS>¡ v$¡i_u âÅ cp¡Nhpv$ A_¡ L$pdQp¡fudp„ A¡V$gu lv$¡ _uQ¡ Dsfu R>¡ L¡$, il¡fp¡dp„ kyMu `qfhpf A¡L$ k„sp_ \ep„ `R>u buSy>„ k„sp_ \hp v$¡sp _\u s¡_p d|mdp„ Nfubu _\u, `Z buÅ bpmL$_¡ DR>¡fhp_p¡, kpQhhp_p¡ `qfîd _ L$fhp¡ `X¡$ A¡hu Ars rl_h©rÑ R>¡. L$pdQp¡fu L¡$ afS> `gpe__u rl_h©rsdp„ g‚ _ L$fhp L¡$ k„sp_p¡ _ \hp v$¡hp A¡ Adpfp ds¡ Ly$mÖp¡l, âL©$rsÖp¡l, v$¡iÖp¡l A_¡ `fdpÐdp_p¡ Ançe A`fp^ R>¡. Ap b^u S> A^p¡Nrs_y„ L$pfZ hs®dp_ kde_y„ âL©$rs^d® rhfp¡^u, cp¡Nhpv$u A_¡ L$pdQp¡fu_¡ kyM dp__pfy„ rinZ R>¡. Ad¡ Npd¡ Npd _S>f¡ Å¡ey„ R>¡ L¡$, b¡\u v$i A¡L$f_p _p_p M¡X|$sp¡_p `qfhpfp¡ L$p¡C L$pd hNf Ofdp„ b¡ku fl¡ R>¡. dS|>fp¡_¡ L$pd kp¢`u M¡X|$s `p¡s¡ dp¡V$f kpeL$g gB dpÓ Ap„V$p a¡fp dpf¡ R>¡. Ap\u fp¡S> v$¡i_p L$fp¡X$p¡ dp_hqv$_ h¡X$ape R>¡. M¡su MQ® h^¡ R>¡. A_¡ qL$kp_ S>¡V$gu AphX$s A_¡ gpNZu dS|>fp¡_u _ lp¡hp\u M¡sudp„ M¡sf¡ M¡sf¡ _yL$kp_ A_¡ MQ® h^¡ R>¡ A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ OV$¡ S> R>¡. 7. sdpLy$-v$pê$_y„ ìek_ : âp¡k¡k sdpLy$, NyV$Mp, `p_dkpgp, rkNpf¡V$, buX$u_u c°pdL$ Åmdp„ akpC_¡ NpdX$p-il¡fp¡_p eyhp_p¡-gp¡L$p¡ ìek_u bÞep R>¡. S>¡ fpÄep¡dp„ v$pê$_u R>|V$ R>¡, Ðep„ `pZu_u S>¡d fp¡S> v$pê$ `uhpe R>¡. S>¡\u v$f¡L$ M¡X|$s A_¡ M¡sdS|>f `qfhpf_p hj£ v$i lÅf\u A¡L$ gpM ê$r`ep sdpLy$-v$p~_p ìek_dp„ h¡X$ape R>¡. M¡X|$sp¡-dS|>fp¡ L$pfuNfp¡ dpV$¡ ApV$gu fL$d bp¡Å ~` A_¡ s¡_p `qfhpf_u `pep_u Sê$qfepsp¡ R>u_hu g¡_pfu R>¡. ìek_\u ipqfqfL$ ir¼s-L$pe®ndsp OV$¡ R>¡. S>epf¡ dyM® dp_hu A¡d dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$ ìek_ lp¡e sp¡ S> qv$hk¡ fpÓ¡ `qfîd \B iL¡$ ! Ap Op¡f Aop_ R>¡. ìek_\u L¡$Þkf, X$peprbV$uk, Œv$efp¡N, bu.`u., dp_rkL$ fp¡Np¡, guhf-a¡akp _L$pdp \hp, íhpk-D^fk, h„ÝeÐh S>¡hp A_¡L$ fp¡Np¡ \pe R>¡. S>¡_u kpfhpfdp„ ndsp blpf MQ® \pe R>¡. M¡X|$sp¡-L$pfuNfp¡-dS|>fp¡_¡ v$¡Ï„ L$fu_¡ kpfhpf L$fphhu `X¡$ R>¡. cpfsdp„ sdpLy$\u fp¡S> 3000 gp¡L$p¡ AL$pm¡ d©Ðey `pd¡ R>¡. v$p~\u v$f hj® v$¡idp„ gpMp¡ gp¡L$p¡ AL$pm¡ dfu Åe R>¡. v$p~\u `qfhpfdp„ A_¡ Npddp„ fp¡S> TOX$p \pe R>¡. ÷uAp¡_¡ `pfphpf eps_p h¡W$hu `X¡$ R>¡. R>yV$pR>¡X$p\u gB ÷uAp¡_p b¡kydpf Ap`Ops \pe R>¡ ! ìek_ A¡V$g¡ dp_h, `qfhpf, Npd A_¡ fpô²_p¡ kh®_pi. S>epf¡ dyM® kfL$pfp¡ sdpLy$-v$p~_p V$¡n_u AphL$_¡ fpô²_u L$dpZu_y„ kp^_ NZ¡ R>¡ ! ìek__p¡ h¡`pf A_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ A¡ v$¡iÖp¡l A_¡ CíhfÖp¡l R>¡. 8. kpdpÆL$ fuhpÅ¡ A_¡ k„âv$pep¡ : g‚ âk„Np¡ A_¡ sdpd kpdpÆL$ âk„Np¡dp„ v$¡Mp v$¡Mu A_¡ kpdpÆL$ V$uL$p_p kph Mp¡V$p X$f\u M¡X|$sp¡ A_¡ AÞe gp¡L$p¡ ndsp blpf MQ® L$f¡ R>¡. Af¡, v$¡Ï L$fu_¡ kpdpÆL$ âk„Np¡dp„ `¥kp h¡X$a¡ R>¡ ! v$l¡S> â\p M¡X|$sp¡dS|>fp¡ A_¡ kpdpÞe hN®_p gp¡L$p¡_u Nfubu-bfbpv$u_y„ L$pfZ R>¡. ApS>¡ v$¡idp„ lÅfp¡ k„âv$pep¡ Dcp \ep R>¡. A¡S> fus¡ d|m âL©$rs^d®(h¥qv$L$^d®), kp„õL©$rsL$ A¡L$sp, fpô²^d® A_¡ Æh_ rhL$pk\u fpô² rhL$pk_p kpQp L$pep£ cygpep R>¡. L$p¡C kp^y_u ìer¼s`|Å A_¡ k„âv$pep¡_p Mug¡ b„^pC_¡ s¡dp„ âÅ_p¡ AY$mL$ kde A_¡ _pZp_p¡ b¡apd h¡X$apV$ \pe R>¡ Apd kpdpÆL$ qfhpÅ¡ A_¡ k„âv$pep¡ `pR>m kde A_¡ _pZp_p¡ b¡apd h¡X$apV$ `Z v$¡i_p qL$kp_p¡, dS|>fp¡ A_¡ `yfu âÅ_u NfubuA^p¡Nrs_y„ L$pfZ R>¡. 9. KQpv$f_y„ ìepS> A_¡ Akü ^ufpZ : v$yóL$pm, kpdpÆL$ âk„Np¡, v$l¡S>, A„^îÝ^p, Mp¡V$u ^prd®L$sp, v$pê$-S|>Npf_u gs, TOX$p-L$p¡V$®L¡$k, v$¡Mpv$¡Mu L¡$ TX$`\u `¥kp L$dphp_u gpgQdp„ M¡X|$sp¡ A_¡ M¡sdS|>fp¡ iplºL$pfp¡ `pk¡\u h^pf¡ `X$sp JQp ìepS>¡ ^ufpZ g¡ R>¡. A\hp ndsp blpf kfL$pfu-klL$pfu-b¢L$p¡_y„ ^ufpZ g¡ R>¡. Aphu [õ\rsdp„ AphL$ L$fsp ÅhL$ h^u Åe Ðepf¡

12

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

M¡X|$sp¡_¡ S>du_ h¡Qhp_p¡ A\hp Ap`Ops L$fhp_p¡ hpfp¡ Aph¡ R>¡. Ap\u Akü ìepS> A_¡ ^ufpZ rhL$pk_¡ bv$g¡ rh_piL$ S> `yfhpf \pe R>¡. Ap D`fp„s Ly$v$fsu Apasp¡, v$yóL$pmp¡, S>„Ngu `iyAp¡\u `pL$_u bfbpv$u A_¡ qL$kp_p¡_¡ fps-qv$hk_p DÅNfp_u b¡lpgu, tkQpC dpV$¡ `pZu-rhS>mu_u AR>s L¡$ bugLy$g _ dmhp A_¡ il¡fp¡_u s|g_pA¡ NpdX$p_u D`¡np_u kfL$pfu Mp¡V$u _urs S>¡hp âí_p¡dp„ v$¡i_p L$fp¡X$p¡ qL$kp_p¡ kv$uAp¡\u `uX$pe R>¡, qfbpe R>¡ A_¡ Ap`Ops L$f¡ R>¡. Ap b^p S> kÐep¡ Ad¡ NpdX$pdp„ Æhu_¡, Ås¡ M¡su L$fu_¡, v$¡i_p 5000\u h^y Npdp¡dp„ S>C_¡ M¡X|$sp¡ kp\¡ ApÆh_ flu_¡ Ås¡ A_ycìep R>¡ A_¡ Å¡ep„ R>¡. A¡\u Ap hps L$p¡C il¡fu cZ¡gpA¡ Ap¡aukdp„ b¡ku_¡ gM¡gp¡ g¡M _\u `Z L©$rj-qL$kp_-NpdXy$„ A_¡ L©$rj â^p_ fpô²_p¡ kÐe Apg¡M R>¡.

6. t_v$pdZ _piL$ L¡$rdL$gp¡_u cep_L$sp A_¡ t_v$pdZ_u D`ep¡rNsp t_v$pdZ_u ìep¿ep : M¡sfdp„ hph¡sf L$f¡gp `pL$ rkhpe_p AÞe Opk, R>p¡X$, h¡gp DN¡ s¡_¡ t_v$pdZ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. t_v$pdZ A¡ L©$rj_u dp¡V$u kdõep R>¡. S>¡_p r_L$pgdp„ qL$kp_p¡_p¡ kde MQp®e R>¡ A_¡ dS|>fu MQ® h^¡ R>¡. Ap kdõep r_hpfhp L„$`_uAp¡A¡ L¡$rdL$gp¡_p¡ Apifp¡ gC_¡ t_v$pdZ _piL$p¡ b_pìep. L©$rjdp„ b¡ âL$pf_u h_õ`rs \pe R>¡. A¡L$ Ly$„`mp hpmu S>¡hu L¡$ OJ, dL$pB, S|>hpf, fS>L$p¡, gkZ, Xy$„Nmu rhN¡f¡. buÆ X$pmu L¡$ X$p„X$gu hpmu. S>¡hu L¡$ L$`pk, fpeX$p¡, A¡f„X$p sdpd L$W$p¡m, h¡gp hpmp ipL$cpÆ, f]NZ-dfQu hN¡f¡. Ap\u L„$`_uAp¡A¡ b¡ âL$pf_p L¡$rdL$g ip¡Ýep„. A¡L$ Ly$„`mp hpmp L©$rj `pL$dp„ X$pmu hpmp R>p¡X$_p buS>_¡ _ DNhp v$¡sy„ L¡$rdL$g A_¡ buS|> X$pmu hpmp `pL$dp„ Ly$„`mp hpmp R>p¡X$_p buS>_¡ _ DNhp v$¡sy„ L¡$rdL$g. ApS>\u hjp£ `l¡gp„ Ad¡ Adpfp M¡sfdp„ gkZdp„ bpkprg_ _pd_p t_v$pdZ _piL$_p¡ ÓZ hj® D`ep¡N L$f¡gp¡. S>¡_p\u `pL$ DÐ`pv$_dp„ 20 V$L$p OV$pX$p¡ \e¡gp¡. lÅfp¡ M¡X|$sp¡_p¡ A_ych R>¡ L¡$ t_v$pdZ _piL$ L©$rj`pL$p¡_¡ M|b _yL$ip_ L$f¡ R>¡. t_v$pdZ _piL$ L¡$rdL$g h_õ`rs_u A„Ly$fZir¼s_¡ dpfu _p„M¡ R>¡. A¡\u t_v$pdZ DNsy„ _\u. L¡$rdL$g_u Akf OV$ép `R>u DN¡ sp¡ dfsp dfsp DN¡ R>¡. A_¡ _p_p- r_ç_ õsf_p R>p¡X$ \pe R>¡. `Z cep_L$sp A¡ R>¡ L¡$ b„_¡ âL$pf_p t_v$pdZ _piL$ L©$rjdp„ hp`fhp\u ^ud¡-^ud¡ sdpd âL$pf_p L©$rj `pL$p¡_p buS> DNsp b„^ \i¡ L¡$ DNi¡ sp¡ dfsp dfsp DNi¡. t_v$pdZ r_e„ÓL$_p cep_L$ _|L$ip_ : 1. 2. 3. 4.

5.

10 \u 20 V$L$p buS>_p¡ DNphp¡ OV$¡ R>¡. L©$rj`pL$dp„ R>p¡X$_p¡ rhL$pk ~„^pe R>¡. A¡\u 20 V$L$p DÐ`pv$_ OV$¡ S> R>¡. hpf„hpf_p t_v$pdZ _piL$_p D`ep¡N\u DÑfp¡Ñf L©$rj`pL$p¡_y„ DÐ`pv$_ h^y_¡ h^y OV$sy„ Åe R>¡. A¡ L¡$rdL$g_y„ âdpZ S>du_dp„ h^u Åe sp¡ S>du_dp„ L©$rj `pL$p¡_p DNhp_u, rhL$kphp_u A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ Ap`hp_u ndsp kph Aë` \C Åe L¡$ _pi `Z `pd¡. A_¡ S>du_ b„S>f \C Åe. S>¡dp„ L©$rj `pL$p¡ sp¡ iy„ Opk `Z _ DN¡. t_v$pdZ _piL$_p kh®Ó b¡apd h`fpi\u L©$rj `pL$p¡_u DNhp_u, rhL$khp_u A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ Ap`hp_u ir¼s A¡L$v$d OV$u S>sp L¡$ _pi \sp qL$kp_p¡ h^y Nfub A_¡ bfbpv$ \i¡. kp\¡ v$¡i A_¡ rhíhdp„ A_pS> A_¡ sdpd MpÛ `v$p\p£_u cep_L$ AR>s kÅ®i¡. Ap L¡$rdL$gp¡ hfkpv$-r`es_p `pZudp„ Ap¡Nmu S>du_dp„ Dsf¡ R>¡ A_¡ c|sm A_¡ _v$u, smph, X¡$dp¡_p `pZudp„ cm¡

13

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

R>¡. Ap\u A¡ L¡$rdL$g dp_h A_¡ sdpd Æhk©rô_p `¡V$dp„ S>hp\u s¡Ap¡_p âpL©$rsL$ Æh_ A_¡ h„i DÐ`ß L$fhp\u Ly$v$fsu ir¼s_¡ `Z rh`fus Akf L$f¡ R>¡. t_v$pdZ r_e„ÓL$ L¡$rdL$gp¡ h_õ`rs, dp_h A_¡ Æhk©rô_p Ap_yhp„riL$ NyZ^d® (buS>-Æ_)_p lp¡dp£Þk_¡ rhL©$s L$f¡ R>¡. Ap\u A¡ kp¥\u cep_L$ R>¡. t_v$pdZ _piL$ L¡$rdL$gp¡_p¡ b¡apd h`fpi S>„sy_piL$ T¡f A_¡ fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡ L$fsp `Z A_¡L$ NZp¡ lpr_L$pfL$ R>¡. Ap\u cpfs A_¡ rhíhdp„ L©$rj, dp_hÅrs A_¡ Æhk©rô_¡ bQphhp t_v$pdZ _piL$ L¡$rdL$gp¡ D`f fpô²ue A_¡ h¥[íhL$ ârsb„^ dyL$hp¡ Ar_hpe® R>¡. Ap\u v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj dpaL$ t_v$pdZ_y„ `Z âpL©$rsL$ r_e„ÓZ A`_phhy„ Ar_hpe® R>¡. t_v$pdZ_y„ âpL©$rsL$ r_e„ÓZ : 1. `pL$_p DNphp\u A„s ky^u r_erds t_v$pdZ_p buS> `p¼ep `l¡gp„ t_v$pdZ L$pY$u _p„Mhp\u M¡sfdp„ hpfkpNs `pL$sy„ t_v$pdZ Aë` \B Åe R>¡. 2. R>prZep Mpsf_p Y$Ngpdp„ S>¥rhL$ L$ëQf (Ly$v$fsu b¡L$V$¡qfep) R>p„V$u_¡-c¡mhu_¡ Mpsf_p Y$Ngp_¡ dpV$u\u Y$p„L$u_¡ D`f\u _uQ¡ ky^u `gpmu v$¡hp¡. Ðepf bpv$ 15 qv$hk_p A„sf¡ b¡ hpf Y$Ngp D`f `pZu R>p„V$hp\u b¡L$V$¡qfep_u k„¿ep M|b h^i¡. A¡ b¡L$V$¡qfep L©$rj L$Qfp kp\¡ t_v$pdZ_p buS> MpC S>i¡. A_¡ b¡L$V$¡qfep_u Nfdu\u buS> kX$u S>i¡. Ap fus¡ Mpsfdp„\u Aphsp t_v$pdZ_y„ DÑd r_e„ÓZ L$fu iL$pe R>¡. 3. R>pZ_p¡ Np¡bfN¡k àgpÞV$dp„ kv¹D`ep¡N L$fhp\u bmsZ sfuL¡$ N¡k dm¡ R>¡ A_¡ R>pZdp„ t_v$pdZ_p buS> _pi `pd¡ R>¡. Ap\u Np¡bfN¡k àgpÞV$ qL$kp_p¡ A_¡ v$¡i dpV$¡ hfv$p_ ~` R>¡. 4. S>¡ M¡sfdp„ b¡lv$ t_v$pdZ \ey„ lp¡e s¡dp„ â\d hfkpv$¡ A_¡ riepmy kdedp„ r`es Ap`u_¡ hph¡sf _ L$fhy„. A¡\u dp¡V$p cpN_y„ t_v$pdZ DNu S>i¡. A¡ t_v$pdZ_¡ kp„su\u `pX$u_¡ `R>u buÅ hfkpv$¡ L¡$ buÅ r`es¡ r`es L$fhp\u `pL$dp„ \sp„ Ly$g t_v$pdZ_p 50 V$L$p t_v$pdZ_y„ r_e„ÓZ \pe R>¡. 5. L©$rj `pL$ gB gu^p `R>u v$¡iu Np¡h„i_¡ v$f¡L$ M¡sfdp„ AQ|L$ R>yV$p¡ Qfhp dyL$hp¡ S>¡\u A¡ Dc¡gp sdpd t_v$pdZ_p bu hpmp R>p¡X$ MpC S>i¡ kp\¡ _L$pdp¡ L©$rj L$Qfp¡ MpC_¡ M¡sfdp„ kp¡_p kdp_ Np¡bf-Np¡d|Ó Dd¡fi¡. Ap\u t_v$pdZ_y„ r_e„ÓZ \i¡. A_¡ Npep¡_u Ap„sfX$u W$pep®_y„ dlp`|Îe \i¡. Ap L$pe® î¡›$ eoL$d® ÅZhy„. Ap `p„Q âep¡N_p Adg `R>u `Z M¡sfdp„ dep®qv$s âdpZdp„ t_v$pdZ \i¡ S>. A¡_¡ \p¡Xy$„ dp¡Vy$„ \hp v$C d|m krls D`pX$u_¡ dpV$u bfpbf kpa L$fu_¡ v$¡iu Np¡h„i_¡ gugp Qpfp sfuL¡$ MhX$phhy„. t_v$pdZdp„ kpdpÞe fus¡ 20 \u 25 âL$pf_p Opk, R>p¡X$, h¡gp lp¡e R>¡. hmu Npe s¡_¡ d|m krls Mpe R>¡. Ap\u Npe_p v$|^dp„ A¡ 20 \u 25 h_õ`rs_p d|m krls_p `p¡jL$sÐhp¡ Dd¡fpe R>¡. Sy>hpf-dL$pC fS>L$p S>¡hp gugp Qpfp L$fsp t_v$pdZ_p NyZ A_¡L$ NZp R>¡.t_v$pdZ MpC_¡ Npe¡ Ap`¡gp v$|^-OuR>pk-Np¡d|Ó-Np¡bf_p NyZ S>„Ngdp„ Qfhp S>su Npe_p `„QNìe_p NyZ kdp_(Ad©s) lp¡e R>¡. 3 \u 4 A¡L$f S>du_dp„ \sp t_v$pdZ_¡ r_erds kv¹D`ep¡Nu L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ fp¡S> A¡L$ Npe_p¡ das r_cph L$fu_¡ Ad©s kdp_ `„QNìe d¡mhu iL$pe R>¡. Apd t_v$pdZ_y„ âpL©$rsL$ r_e„ÓZ L$ep® `R>u DNsp t_v$pdZ_p¡ kv¹D`ep¡Nu L$fhp\u A¡ kdõep dV$u_¡ klpeL$ b_u Åe R>¡. rldpge_p `lpX$u âv$¡ip¡ A_¡ Apqv$hpku rhõspfp¡dp„ Ap fus¡ dpÓ t_v$pdZ\u S> `p¡sp_u Npep¡-bL$fp_p¡ r_cph L$fsp k¢L$X$p¡ M¡X|$sp¡ A_¡ Å¡ep„ R>¡. M¡X|$s-M¡sf-Np¡`pgL$ A_¡ Npe A¡L$-buÅ_p lqfa _\u, `Z `yfL$ R>¡. Ap Qpf¡e_p kdÞhe\u kh®d„Ng \pe R>¡.

14

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

7. T¡f - ÆhpX¡$ _l], dpf¡ T¡f_p `p„Q âL$pf R>¡. 1. rhop_ Üpfp ip¡^hpdp„ Aph¡gy„ L¡$rdL$g ê$`u T¡f 2. cep_L$ ApX$ Akfp¡ L$f_pfu A¡gp¡`¡r\L$ v$hpAp¡_y„ T¡f, 3. L¡$au`v$p\p£_y„ T¡f 4. DÛp¡Np¡-hpl_p¡_p ^|dpX$p\u lhpdp„ a¡gpsy„ T¡f A_¡ 5. dp_h_p `p¡sp_p cep_L$ L$pd, ¾$p¡^ A_¡ Al„L$pf_y„ T¡f. rhop_ Üpfp ip¡^hpdp„ Ap`¡gp T¡f\u kpdpÞe S>„sy\u lp\u `Z dfu Åe R>¡. sdpd L©$rÓd fkpeZp¡ S>¡hp L¡$ fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡, MpÛ `v$p\p£dp„ A_¡ kpdpÞe h`fpidp„ g¡hpsp f„Np¡, A¡k¡Þk, A¡gp¡`\u_u A¡[ÞV$bpep¡qV$L$(fp¡N_p S>„sy dpf_pfu v$hpAp¡), `uX$pipdL$ v$hpAp¡, lp¡dp£Þkdp„ DÑ¡S>_p gphsp c¢k, S>k}/A¡Q.A¡a. Å_hfp¡_¡ v$p¡lhp A`psp Ap¡qL$kV$p¡rk_ IS>¡¼i_p¡, sdpd L$pdp¡Ñ¡S>L$ v$hpAp¡, JO_u Np¡muAp¡ rhN¡f¡ `Z T¡f S> R>¡. sdpd _iugp `v$p\p£ v$pê$, sdpLy$, AauZ, Np„Å¡, Qfk, l¡fp¡C_, L$p¡L¡$B_ hN¡f¡ `Z Æhg¡Z T¡f S> R>¡. S>¡_p k¡h_\u dpZk_u fp¡NârsL$pfL$ ir¼s, âpZir¼s(Apeyóe), âS>__ir¼s A_¡ _hp¡ h„i DÐ`ß L$fhp_u ir¼s_p¡ _pi \pe S> \pe R>¡. Ap\u ìek_\u dpÓ L¡$Þkf S> _\u \ey„, A_¡L$ fp¡Np¡ A_¡ h„i_p¡ _pi `Z \pe R>¡. DÛp¡Np¡-hpl_p¡_¡p ^|dpX$p¡ A_¡ àgp[õV$L$, fåbf rhN¡f¡ L$p¡C `Z ALy$v$fsu `v$p\p£_¡ bpmhp\u DÐ`ß \sp¡ A_¡ aV$pL$X$p_p¡ ^|dpX$p¡ `Z T¡f S> R>¡. dp_h, sdpd Æhp¡ A_¡ h_õ`rsAp¡_¡ s¡_p\u M|b S> lpr_ \pe R>¡. cpfs_p h¥opr_L$ S>Nv$uiQ„Ö bp¡T¡ ip¡Ýey„ L¡$ h_õ`rsdp„ Æh R>¡. S>¡_u kprbsu ~`¡ R>p¡X$_¡ T¡f_y„ IS>¡L$i_ Ap`sp R>p¡X$ kyL$pC Nep¡. Ap_p D`f\u qL$kp_p¡A¡ A_¡ gp¡L$p¡A¡ A¡ kÐe kdS>hp_y„ R>¡ L¡$, L©$rj`pL$p¡ D`f S>¡V$gy„ h^pf¡ T¡f R>p„V$hpdp„ Aph¡ A_¡ fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡ _p„Mhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ A¡ T¡f\u L©$rj`pL$p¡_u Ly$v$fsu fp¡NârsL$pfL$ ir¼s, Apeyóe A_¡ arg_uL$fZ ir¼s OV$¡ S> R>¡. s¡dp„ L$pC S> i„L$p _\u. A¡\u S> A¡L$ kde¡ bpf dpk\u b¡ hj® gugp¡ R>çd Dcp¡ fl¡sp¡ L$`pk fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡-S>„sy_piL$ T¡f_p Arsf¡L$\u ÓZ dpkdp„ DÐ`pv$_ Ap`hp_p kde¡ S> gpg \C_¡ kyL$pC Åe R>¡. Aphu S> lpr_ sdpd `pL$p¡dp„ \pe R>¡. D`fp„s sdpd MpÛ `v$p\p£ T¡fu \pe R>¡. S>¡_¡ Mphp\u kdN° dp_hÅrs, Np¡h„i, âpZuAp¡, `nuAp¡, L$uV$L$p¡, ÆhS>„syAp¡_u fp¡NârsL$pfL$ ir¼s, ipfuqfL$ ir¼s, Apeyóe A_¡ _hp¡ h„i DÐ`ß L$fhp_u ir¼s_p¡ _pi \pe S> \pe R>¡. Ap b^p T¡f_p¡ Ar_e„rÓs D`ep¡N Qpgy füp¡ sp¡ `©Õhu D`f\u dp_hÅrs A_¡ dp¡V$pcpN_u Æhk©rô_p¡ _pi \i¡ A¡dp„ L$p¡C k„v$¡l _\u. dp_h õhcph_y„ Aphy„ S> T¡f dpZk_p õhcphdp„ R>¡. L$pd, ¾$p¡^, gp¡c, dp¡l, Al„L$pf, Cjp®, Apmk A_¡ Aop_\u v$y:M,Aip„rs, fp¡Np¡, A_¡ AL$pm d©Ðey Aph¡ S> R>¡. Ap dp_h õhcph_y„ T¡f `p¡sp_¡ A_¡ kp\¡ AÞep¡_¡ `Z bfbpv$ L$f¡ R>¡. Ap T¡f Æh_\u gB S>Ns_¡ dpf_pfy„ kp¥\u cep_L$ T¡f R>¡. dpZk¡ Æhhp, kyMu \hp, `p¡sp_p¡ h„iÅmhhp, fpô²_¡ V$L$phhp A_¡ Apbpv$ L$fhp s\p `fdpÐd_y„ kS>®_ kL$g Æhk©rô_y„ A[õsÒh V$L$phhp Ap b^p T¡f R>p¡X$hp Ar_hpe® R>¡. Ad©sde Æhhy„ A_¡ kp¥_¡ Ad©s `phy„ A¡ S> sp¡ dp_hsp A_¡ S>Ns_p kS>®_ lpf_p¡ `fd ^d® R>¡.

15

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

8. sp¡ M¡X|$sp¡ S>du__p dprgL$ dV$u S>i¡. A_¡ v$¡i_p¡ kh®_pi \i¡. NyS>fps A_¡ v$¡i_p NpdX¡$ NpdX¡$ afu_¡ S>mfnp-v$¡iu Np¡h„ifnp_y„ L$pe® L$fsp L$fsp Ad_¡ b¡ cep_L$ kÐep¡ dþep. 1. S>¡ k„`rÑ D`f dprgL$_u L$pedu lpS>fu _ lp¡e A¡ k„`rs A¡L$ qv$hk dprgL$_p lp\dp„\u Ahíe Åe R>¡. 2. `f„`fpNs ^„^p_p¡ dprgL$ `p¡sp_p DÛp¡Np¡-^„^p_y„ op_ A_¡ L¡$mhZu `p¡sp_u _hu `¡Y$u_¡ _ Ap`¡, sp¡ `Z A¡ DÛp¡N-^„^p_u dprgL$u Nydphhu S> `X¡$ R>¡. Ðepf¡ ApS>_u Mp¡V$u rinZ `Ùrs A_¡ il¡fuL$fZ_u Ap„^mu v$p¡V$dp„ M¡X|$sp¡, Np¡`pgL$p¡, `iy`pgL$p¡ A_¡ N°pçe L$pfuNfp¡_p k„sp_p¡dp„ Ap b„_¡ cep_L$ kÐep¡ c¡Np \ep„ R>¡. s¡Ap¡ NpdXy$„-S>du_ R>p¡X$u_¡ v$|f v$|f il¡fp¡dp„ hkhp dp„X$ép R>¡. s¡Ap¡ `pk¡ `f„`fpNs L©$rj-Np¡`pg_-DÛp¡Np¡_y„ rbgLy$g op_ _\u. s¡Ap¡ A¡L$ Ap¡Åf_¡ `Z Ap¡mMsp _\u. Np¡`pgL$p¡-M¡X|$sp¡_p qv$L$fp-qv$L$fu Np¡v$p¡l_ `Z iuMsp _\u. A_„sL$pm\u `p¡sp_p `|h®Å¡A¡ rhL$kph¡gu Æh__p Ap^pf ~` `p¡sp_p DÛp¡Np¡_u L$gp-op__p AZdp¡g hpfkp_¡ c|gu S>hp_¡ ApS>_u L$l¡hpsu cZ¡gu `¡Y$u Æh_rhL$pk dp_hp gpNu R>¡. Aphu b„_¡ sfa_u cep_L$ [õ\rsdp„ M¡X|$sp¡_u cphu `¡Y$u S>du__u dprgL$ dV$u S> S>i¡. Np¡`pgL$p¡-`iy`pgL$p¡ Åshp_ Np¡h„i-`iy^__p dprgL$ dV$u S>i¡. Åshp_ Np¡h„i-`iy^__¡ S>du__u dpaL$ L$p¡C Mfuv$sy„ _\u A¡ sp¡ k„`|Z® `Z¡ _pi `pd¡ R>¡. Ap kÐe Ad¡ v$¡i_p lÅfp¡ Npdp¡dp„ Ås¡ Å¡ey„ R>¡. A¡ S> fus¡ v$¡i_p kpX$p R> gpM Npdp¡dp„\u ky\pfuL$pd, L$pôL$gp, `Õ\fL$gp, gylpfuL$pd, kfprZep, dp¡QuL$pd, hpkZ_¡ L$gpCL$pd, v$fÆL$pd, cfsL$pd, Ly$„cpfuL$pd, hp„kDÛp¡N, d^ DR>¡f, L$p¡gN¡V$_p v$|jZ\u v$psZ DÛp¡N, f„NL$pd, QpdX$p DÛp¡N, L$p`X$ hZpV$, D_ hZpV$, `f„`fpNs h¥v$L$ S>¡hp sdpd N°pçe DÛp¡N A_¡ A¡ DÛp¡Np¡ Qgphhp_u L$gp suh° NrsA¡ _pi `pdu füp„ R>¡. Adpfp tQs_ dyS>b rhíh_p 100 S>¡V$gp M|b rhL$rks v$¡ip¡_u hõsu 20 gpM\u 10 L$fp¡X$ S> R>¡. A¡hp v$¡ip¡dp„ M|b Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ rhL$pk A_¡ 100 V$L$p rinZ `R>u `Z A¡ v$¡ip¡_u sdpd hõsu_p¡ il¡fp¡dp„ kdph¡i \B i¼ep¡ _\u. Ðepf¡ Nd¡ s¡V$gp DÛp¡Np¡ A_¡ sdpd_¡ õ_psL$\u `u.A¡Q.X$u. ky^u_p rinZ `R>ue cpfs_p 125 L$fp¡X$ gp¡L$p¡_y„ il¡fuL$fZ k„ch _\u. cpfs_p gp¡L$p¡ kdÆg¡ L¡$ v$¡i_u hs®dp_ 125 L$fp¡X$_u A_¡ crhóedp„ 150 L$fp¡X$\u h^y \_pfu S>_k„¿ep_¡ dpÓ DÃQ rinZ A_¡ il¡fu DÛp¡Np¡-h¡`pf Ü°pfp fp¡S>Npfu, kyM, kd©rÙ, kyfnp Ap`hp, A¡ k|e®_¡ `[íhd qv$ipdp„ DNpX$hp kdp_ Ak„ch R>¡. Ap\u Aphp Ak„ch A_¡ rh_piL$pfu dpN®_u Ap„^mu v$p¡V$_p cep_L$ dpW$p `qfZpdp¡ kdN° v$¡i_p M¡X|$sp¡, Np¡`pgL$p¡, N°pçe L$pfuNfp¡ A_¡ kdN° v$¡i_¡ cp¡Nhhp S> `X$i¡. dpÓ `yõsqL$ey„ rinZ A_¡ il¡fuL$fZ_u Ap„^mu v$p¡V$\u il¡fp¡dp„ Akü cuX$, âv$|jZ, N„v$L$u, b¡fp¡S>Npfu, Ny_pMp¡fu, dp¢Ohpfu, V²$pqaL$ kdõep, rbdpfu\u gB A_¡L$ fp¡Np¡, _`y„kL$sp A_¡ h„ÝeÐh b¡apd h^sp Åe R>¡. S>du_, S>m, hpey_y„ cep_L$ âv$|jZ \pe R>¡. Åshp_ Np¡h„ip¡-`pgsy âpZuAp¡_p¡ rh_pi \B füp¡ R>¡. âpL©$rsL$ k„`v$p_p¡ rh_pi, dp_h Apfp¡Áe, `qfhpf ìehõ\p, kyfrns v$p„`Ðe, âÅ¡Ð`rs_p¡ `pep_p¡ âL©$rs^d® A_¡ Cïhf ^d®, dp_hue A_¡ kp„õL©$rsL$ d|ëep¡ `Z suh° NrsA¡ _pi `pdu füp„ R>¡. qL$kp_p¡, N°pçe âÅ_y„ õhphg„bu Æh_, õhs„Ósp, ipíhs kyfrns fp¡S>Npfu _pi `pdu füp R>¡. ApS>_u Ap„^mu v$p¡V$dp„ ÷u `qfhpf\u gB k„õL©$rs A_¡ fpô²_¡ d|gp^pf dV$u_¡ âv$i®__u QuS> b_su Åe R>¡. eyhp_ v$uL$fuAp¡ A_¡ ÷uAp¡_y„ ip¡jZ h^sy„ Åe R>¡. hs®dp_ rinZ A_¡ A\®s„Ó_u Mp¡V$u _urs\u S>Þd¡gp Qpf dlpr_ôp¡ : 1. NpdX$pdp„ _\u fl¡hy„. 2. L©$rj, Np¡`pg_, `iy`pg_ L¡$ N°pçe DÛp¡Np¡_p L$p¡C L$pep£ iuMhp _\u A_¡ L$fhp _\u. 3. NpdX$pdp„ qv$L$fu `fZphhu _\u. 4. Ås `y{jp\® L$fhp¡ _\u.

16

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

kdN° cpfs_u âÅdp„ cep_L$ fus¡ âkfu fl¡gu Ap dp_rkL$sp A¡ byrÙdsp, rhL$pk L¡$ kyM _\u `Z â\d `Ng¡ N°pçe âÅ_p¡ A_¡ A„s¡ kdN° fpô²_p¡ dlprh_pi R>¡. Ap Qpf `pNg`_dp„ N°pçe âÅ Ap„^mu \C_¡ il¡fp¡ sfa cpNu R>¡. `Z v$¡i A_¡ rhíh_p Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ dpmMp_u cep_L$sp_u s¡Ap¡_¡ Mbf S> _\u. ApS>¡ rhop_ A_¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p _pd¡ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p dpZkp¡\u Qpgsp h^y_¡ h^y dp¡V$p DÛp¡Np¡ h^sp S> Åe R>¡.Ap DÛp¡Np¡_u b¡ cep_L$sp R>¡. 1. fp¡S>Npfu kph Aë` \su \pe R>¡. A_¡ 2. S>¡d dNfdÃR> fp¡S> k¢L$X$p¡ _p_p dpR>gp Nmu Åe R>¡, A¡d dp¡V$p DÛp¡Np¡ Ak„¿e _p_p DÛp¡Np¡ A_¡ _p_p h¡`pf n¡Óp¡_¡ Nmu füp„ R>¡. S>¡_p\u DÛp¡Np¡ A_¡ h¡`pf n¡Ó_y„ b^y„ ^_ dyW$ucf dpZkp¡_p lp\dp„ Aphu Åe R>¡. Ap ^_\u dp¡V$p DÛp¡N`rsAp¡ A_¡ dp¡V$u h¡`pfu `¡Y$uAp¡ AÐepf¡ b¡apd `Z M¡X|$sp¡_u S>du_ Mfuv$u füp R>¡. ^_âprá_u Ap rh_piL$pfu v$p¡V$dp„ dp¡V$p kÑp^uip¡-ipkL$p¡ kpd¡g \C füp„ R>¡. A_¡ lSy> b^p \B S>i¡. Ap\u dp¡V$p ^_`rsAp¡ h^y_¡ h^y_¡ ^_ L$dpsp S>i¡ Ap ^_`rsAp¡ Apfp¡Áe v$psp v$¡iu Np¡h„i_p¡ _pi L$fu_¡ hZ®k„L$f Å_hfp¡_p sb¡gp, dfOp L¡$ÞÖp¡ A_¡ L$sgMp_p Qgphu_¡ fp¡rNô v$|^, IX$p dp„k b^y s¡Ap¡ S> h¡Qi¡. Ofdp„ fp¡V$gu-fp¡V$gp-fkp¡C b„^ \i¡. A_¡ `pJ`uÐTp-b°¡X$ A_¡ sdpd MpÛ `v$p\p£ V$åbp`¡L¡$V$p¡ s¡Ap¡ S> h¡Qi¡. Æhg¡Z sdpLy$-v$pê$ A_¡ L©$rÓd W$„X$p `uZpAp¡_u a¡¼V$fuAp¡ s¡Ap¡ S> h^pfi¡. T¡fu-hpku-L¡$rdL$g hpmp¡ L$Qfp¡ MpC_¡ gp¡L$p¡ budpf `X$i¡ sp¡ N„Åhf a¡¼V$fuAp¡ _p„Mu v$hpAp¡ `Z s¡Ap¡ S> b_phi¡. A_¡ dp¡V$u a¡L$V$fuAp¡ dpaL$ dp¡V$u dp¡V$u lp¡[õ`V$gp¡ Mp¡gu_¡ s¡Ap¡_u _p¡L$fu L$fsp L$fsp L$dpe¡gu bQs s¡Ap¡ S> kpfhpf_p _pd¡ gy„V$u S>i¡. fpS>L$pfZuAp¡ A_¡ ^_`rsAp¡ dmu_¡ das rinZ Ap`su sdpd õL|$gp¡-L$p¡g¡Å¡ b„^ L$fphi¡. A_¡ L$dfsp¡X$ au gC_¡ kdN° v$¡i_u âÅ_¡ s¡Ap¡ S> DW$p cZphi¡. Ap fus¡ `y{j-÷u-bpmL$p¡ dmu_¡ ApMp¡ `qfhpf S>¡ L$dpi¡ s¡ b^u S> fL$d s¡Ap¡ `fs M¢Qu g¡i¡. Ap b^p„ fõs¡\u L$dpe¡gp ^_\u s¡Ap¡ v$¡i_p sdpd M¡X|$sp¡_u S>du_, `iy^_, kfL$pfu S>du_, MpZ-Mr_S>, Np¥Qf, S>„Ngp¡, _v$uAp¡ b^y„ S> Mfuv$u g¡i¡. Ap v$p¡V$\u A„s¡ v$¡i_u b^u S> S>du_, Ly$v$fsu k„`rÑ, kp¡_y„, Qp„v$u A_¡ ^__p dprgL$ `p„Q V$L$p gp¡L$p¡ S> li¡. fpS>kÑp `Z s¡Ap¡_u S> li¡. `yfu âÅ k„`rÑ rhlp¡Zu A_¡ v$¡i-rhv$¡i_p ^_`rsAp¡_u _p¡L$f,dSy>f A_¡ Nygpd li¡. rhv$¡iuAp¡ lÅfp¡ hj®\u cpfs_¡ kp¡_p_u QuqX$ep L$l¡sp lsp. A¡_p¡ A\® A¡ \pe L¡$ cpfs rinZ, L©$rj, Np¡`pg_, `iy`pg_, DÛp¡Np¡, L$gp, kprlÐe, rinZ kdpS> ìehõ\p A_¡ kd©rÙ\u km„N lÅfp¡ hj® â\d õ\p_¡ L¡$ A¡L$ dpÓ dlpkÑp lsy„. cpfs_¡ afu_¡ A¡\u khpey„ k|hZ®c|rd fpô² b_phhp Ap`Z¡ kp¥A¡ kp\¡ dmu v$uO®R>rô\u L$d®s` L$fhy„ Ar_hpe® R>¡. dpÓ hpsp¡, f¡guAp¡, cpjZbpÆ R>p¡X$uA¡. _hu rinZ `Ùrs, kyìeh[õ\s Apep¡S>_, k„Ocph(A¡L$sp), sdpd gp¡L$p¡_p¡ dlp`y{jp\®, âL©$rsr_›$p, fpô²r_›$p A_¡ dp_hue\u gB kp„õL©$rsL$ d|ëep¡_p k„h^®_\u S> cpfs_¡ kyhZ® c|rd fpô² b_phu iL$pi¡. dpÓ hs®dp__p¡ L¡$ `p¡sp_p¡ S> rhQpf L$fu_¡ Æh_pfu âÅ kp¥\u r_ç_ õsf_u R>¡. cprh `¡Y$u, kL$g Æhk©rô$, âL©$rs, fpô²$ A_¡ S>Ns_p¡ rhQpf L$fu_¡ Æh_pfu âÅ S> kp¥\u î¡›$ R>¡.

17

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

9. Np¡bf-Np¡d|Ó kpQ¡ S> kp¡_y Np¡d|Ó, R>pZ, R>pZ_u fpM, gudX$p¡, ApL$X$p¡, kuspam, L$f„S>, Ly$hpf`pWy$„, L$f¡Z, ^s|fp¡, sdpLy$, suMp dfQp, gkZ, l]N, AS>dp, lmv$f A_¡ sygku S>¡hu L$X$hu-suMu h_õ`rsAp¡ A_¡ g]bp¡mu_y„ s¡g. Ap Ly$v$fsu `v$p\p£_p¡ L©$rjdp„ D`ep¡N dp_h, Np¡h„i, `nuAp¡-âpZuAp¡, h_õ`rs, S>du_, `pZu, lhp_¡ lpr_L$pfL$ _\u. R>sp„ L©$rj `pL$p¡dp„ Aphsp sdpd ÆZp S>„syAp¡ A_¡ sdpd âL$pf_u Cemp¡_p r_e„ÓZdp„ DÑd fp¡N r_e„ÓL$ R>¡. A¡ Adpfp A_¡ A_¡L$ M¡X|$sp¡_p 12 hj®_p âep¡Np¡dp„ rkÙ \ey„ R>¡. Ad¡ bpm`Z\u 30 hj®_u Jdf ky^u Ås¡ M¡su L$fu R>¡. A_¡ R>¡‰p 12 hj®\u Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p âep¡Np¡ Ås¡ L$ep® R>¡. ÅdL$p `fkp¡sdcpC kuv$`fp A_¡ A_¡L$ Npdp¡_p M¡X|$sp¡A¡ Ap âep¡Np¡\u kamsp d¡mhu R>¡. Ad¡ Np¡d|Ó-R>pZ A_¡ D`f_u sdpd h_õ`rsAp¡_p g¡bp¡f¡V$fudp„ V$¡õV$ L$fpìep„ R>¡. Np¡d|Ódp„ L$p¡C b¡L$V$¡qfep lp¡sp S> _\u. R>pk S>¡d S|>_u \pe s¡d b¡L$V$¡qfep h^¡ R>¡. Ap\u Np¡d|Ó A_¡ R>pk Nd¡ s¡V$gp S|>_p hp`fu iL$pe R>¡. v$¡iu Npe_p A¡L$ N°pd R>pZdp„ L©$rj D`ep¡Nu L$fp¡X$p¡ b¡L$V$¡qfep lp¡e R>¡. R>pZ S>¡d S|>_y \pe L¡$ kyL$pC Åe s¡d b¡L$V$¡qfep_u k„¿ep OV$¡ R>¡. Ap\u R>pZ spSy>„ M¡sfdp„ _p„Mhy„ kp{„ A_¡ k¡[ÞÖe Mpsf c¡S>hpmu S>du_dp„ _p„Mu S>du_dp„ sfs c¡mhu v$¡hy„. h^pf¡ gpcL$pfu R>¡. v$¡iu Npe_p Np¡d|Ódp„ 1 guV$f¡ 1 \u 3 duguN°d kyhZ® sÐh A_¡ v$¡iu Npe_p R>pZdp„ A¡L$ qL$gp¡A¡ 22 dugu N°pd kyhZ® sÐh R>¡. Apeyh£v$ A_¡ hs®dp_ rhop__p ds¡ kyhZ® sÐh dp_h, h_õ`rsdp„ L¡$Þkf krls_p¡ sdpd âL$pf_p¡ kX$p¡ AV$L$phhpdp„ A_¡ am-buS>-awg ~`u _hp¡ h„i DÐ`ß L$fhpdp„ A_¡ s¡_y„ kp¦v$e® h^pfhpdp„ _„bf-1 sÐh R>¡. Ap\u kL$g Æhk©rô dpV$¡ Apfp¡Áe A_¡ _hp¡ h„i DÐ`ß L$fhpdp„ kyhZ®\u î¡›$ sÐh L$p¡C S> _\u. S>¡ dpÓ_¡ dpÓ v$¡iu Np¡h„i_p R>pZ-Np¡d|Ódp„ S> R>¡. g¡bp¡f¡V$fu `qfnZdp„ c¢k_p R>pZ-d|Ó, O¡V$p-bL$fp_u g]X$u-`¡ipbdp„ kyhZ® Å¡hp dm¡g _\u. S>¡ hZ®k„L$f A¡Q. A¡a.Å_hf_p dm-d|Ódp„ `Z _\u. s¡dS> Np¡d|Ódp„ ¾¡$kp¡g _pd_y„ sÐh R>¡. S>¡_u hpk L$p¡C Æh-S>„sy azv$p„_¡ `k„v$ `X$su _\u. Ap\u Ap sdpd S>„syAp¡ v$¡iu Np¡h„i_p d|Ó_p R>„V$L$ph\u `pL$ D`f\u DX$u_¡ S>sp fl¡ R>¡. ANf Mphp_y„ b„^ L$fu v$¡ R>¡. S>¡\u s¡_y„ Æh_Q¾$ kdpá \sp„ fp¡N_y„ r_e„ÓZ \pe R>¡. Np¡d|Ódp„ dperk_¡drdrk_-4 _pd_y„ sÐh R>¡. S>¡ lpr_L$pfL$ b¡L$V$¡qfep_p¡ _pi L$f¡ R>¡. Np¡d|Ódp„ fl¡gy„ rd\pCg apk£_p¡A¡V$ _pd_y„ sÐh h_õ`rs A_¡ dp_hdp„ amÖº`sp h^pf¡ R>¡. A_¡ rd\pCg Åõdp¡_¡V$ _pd_y„ sÐh h_õ`rsdp„ awg h^pf¡ R>¡, am_¡ `L$phhp_y„ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ h^pf¡ R>¡. Ap\u S> Mpsf sfuL¡$ A_¡ R>„V$L$ph sfuL¡$ kdN° S>Ns dpV$¡ v$¡iu Np¡h„i_p R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó kp¥\u î¡›$ fp¡N r_e„ÓL$ A_¡ kp¥\u h^y DÐ`pv$_ Ap`_pf kpQ¡ S> kp¡_p kdp_ Mpsf R>¡. Ap\u cpfs_p FrjAp¡A¡ k„ip¡^_ L$fu_¡ Npe_p R>pZdp„ gÿdu(^_-kd©rÙ) R>¡ A¡hy„ h¡v$p¡ A_¡ AÞe ip÷p¡dp„ L$üy„ R>¡. cpfs_u âÅA¡ A_¡ rhíh_u âÅA¡ A¡ kÐe kdS>hp_y„ R>¡ L¡$ cpfs_p FrjAp¡A¡ gM¡gp ip÷p¡ î¡›$ _urs ip÷p¡ kp\¡ rhop_ N°„\p¡ R>¡. âdpZ dep®v$p : Np¡d|Ó d„v$ dpÓpdp„ S>gv$ `v$p\® R>¡. Ap\u `pZu kp\¡ `pL$_u Jdf âdpZ¡ 3 \u 7 V$L$p_p âdpZdp„ Dd¡fhy„. dpÓp h^u Åe sp¡ ¼epf¡L$ Ly$dmp `p_ \p¡X$p v$pTu Åe R>¡ A\hp L$X$L$-bfX$ \B Åe R>¡. Ap\u Ly$dmu dp¡gpsdp„ 15 guV$f_p `„`dp„ 500 N°pd Np¡d|Ó dp¡V$u dp¡gpsdp„ 700 N°pd\u 1 guV$f_u dep®v$pdp„ S> D`ep¡N L$fhp¡. Ap„bp-QuLy$ S>¡hp ÅX$p `p__p amTpX$dp„ 15 guV$f¡ 1 \u 1.5 guV$f_u dep®v$pdp„ Np¡d|Ó Dd¡fhy„. apX¡$gy„ L¡$fp¡ku_ dugubpN S>¡hu lW$ugu Æhps_¡ ku^y„ S> dpf¡ R>¡. `Z s¡_y„ âdpZ h^u Åe sp¡ h_õ`rs_p `p__¡ rh`fus Akf L$f¡ R>¡ Ap\u s¡_p¡ D`ep¡N `Z r_es dep®v$pdp„ S> L$fhp¡.

18

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

10. k¡rÞÖe Mpsf A_¡ S>du__u amÖº`sp_y„ k„syg_ 1) Np¡d|Ó : D“pmpdp„ Q¥Ó-h¥ipM“p sp‘dp„ (A¡râgdp„) Mpgu M¡sfdp„ A¡L$f¡ 10 guV$f Np¥dyÓdp„ 1 qL$gp¡N°pd A¡f„qX$ey (qv$h¡g) c¡mhu X$p¡gdp„ gB MS|>fu“u kphfZu’u M¡sfdp„ R>p„V$u v$¡hp“y„. S>¡“p’u ApNpdu Qp¡dpky ‘pL$dp„ aŸNS>Þe fp¡N“y„ OÏ„ r“e„ÓZ \pe R> $¡ A“¡ S>du““u amÖº‘sp h^¡ R>¡. 2) ‘pep“y„ Mpsf : hfkpv$ ‘l¡gp„ lhpdp“dp„ c¡S> Aph¡ Ðepf¡ h¥ipM (d¡) dpkdp„ A¡L$f¡ 2 ’u 3 V$“ (V²¡$L$V$f“u A¡L$ ’u b¡ V²$p¡gu) R>prZey„ Mpsf “p„Mhy„. A’hp A¡L$f¡ 600 ’u 800 qL$gp¡ Amrkep“y„ Mpsf “p„Mhy„. D‘fp„s A¡f„X$u, L$f„S>, gubp¡mu“p¡ Mp¡m, L©$rj ‘pL$p¡dp„ gpcL$pfu R>¡. A¡L$f¡ 100 ’u 200 qL$gp¡ Mp¡mdp„ 25 ’u 30 guV$f Np¡d|Ó c¡mhu ‘pep“p Mpsf sfuL¡$ Ap‘hy„. R> \u bpf dpk_p `pL$dp„ Mpsf_u¡ dpÓp v$p¡Y$\u b¡NZu L$fhu. Ap Mpsfp¡ KX$p Qpkdp„ hphu kp„su lp„L$u Qpk ‘|fu v$¡hp S>¡’u Mpsf“p¡ c¡S> S>mhpB fl¡ A¡\u R>pZ_p b¡L$V¡$qfep Æh„s fl¡ A“¡ hfkpv$dp„ Mpsf“y„ ^p¡hpZ “ ’pe. riepmy-D“pmy ‘pL$dp„ Ap âdpZ¡ Mpsf Ap‘hy„. 3$) Ad©s ‘pZu : â’d hfkpv$ ‘R>u A¡L$f¡ 10 qL$gp¡ Npe“y„ spSy>„ R>pZ, 10 qL$gp¡ Np¡d|Ó A“¡ A¡L$ qL$gp¡ Np¡m“¡ 100 guV$f ‘pZudp„ “p„Mu gpL$X$u’u 10 rd“uV$ A¡L$ S> qv$ipdp„ lgphhy„. Ðepfbpv$ 10 rd“uV$ EgV$u qv$ipdp„ lgphhy„ `pZu lgphhp\u s¡dp„ _hp¡ Ap¡[¼kS>_ v$pMg \pe R>¡ S>¡\u b¡L$V$¡qfep_u k„¿ep h^¡ R>¡. cu“u S>du“dp„ MS|>fu“u kphfZu’u L¡$ Ágpk’u R>p„V$u v$¡hy„. Ap âq¾$ep’u 10 qv$hkdp„ S>du“dp„ ‘pL$“¡ D‘ep¡Nu b¡L$V¡$qfep A“¡ Amrkep„ M¡sfdp„ DБޓ ’i¡. s¡dS> ‘pL$“¡ ‘p¡jZ ‘Z dmi¡. riepmy D“pmy ‘pL$dp„ Ad©s `pZu r`es_p `pZu kp\¡ `php\u QdÐL$pqfL$ `qfZpdp¡ Apìep R>¡. 4) MpV$u R>pk : L$p¡B`Z `pL$dp„ ârs A¡L$f¡ 10 guV$f MpV$u R>pk `php\u d|mdp„ aŸN S>Þefp¡Np¡_y„ QdÐL$pqfL$ r_e„ÓZ sp¡ \pe R>¡. kp\¡ Ap R>pk DÑd Mpsf_y„ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡. Np¡d|Ó-Np¡bf (Np¡de) kp\¡ `Z R>pk `pB iL$pe R>¡. 5) ^fpd©s : 10 qL$gp¡ Npe_y„ R>pZ, 10 guV$f Np¡d|Ó, 1 qL$gp¡ v$¡iu Np¡m,A_¡ 500 N°pd hX$ _uQ¡_u dpV$u L¡$ Np¡Qf_u dpV$u A\hp X¡$d smph_p¡ L$p„` Ap Qpf hõsy_¡ rdî L$fu 2 \u 3 qv$hk R>p„e¡ fpMhy„ s\p fp¡S> b¡ hMs gpL$X$u\u lgphhy„. Ðepfbpv$ 100 guV$f `pZudp„ rdî L$fu hl¡gu khpf¡ c¡S>hpmu A¡L$ A¡L$f S>du_dp„ _p„Mhy„. v$f 20 \u 30 qv$hk¡ Ap ^fpd©s L©$rj_p L$p¡B`Z `pL$dp„ `pZu kp\¡ `phpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ buÅ L$p¡B S> Mpsf_u S>ê$f `X$su _\u A_¡ î¡›$ DÐ`pv$_ dm¡ R>¡ A_¡ fp¡Np¡ gNcN Aphsp S> AV$L$u Åe R>¡. smph L¡$ hX$ _uQ¡_u dpV$udp„ Ly$v$fsu b¡L$V¡$qfep lp¡e R>¡. R>pZ A_¡ dpV$u_p b¡L$V¡$qfep Np¡m MpB_¡ `p¡sp_u k„¿ep A_¡L$ NZu h^pf¡ R>¡. ^fpd©s b¡ \u `p„Q qv$hkdp„ `pC v$¡hy `R>u b¡L$V¡$qfep_u k„¿ep OV$hp dp„X¡$ R>¡. ¼epf¡L$ `p„Q qv$hkdp„ _ `pC iL$pey„ sp¡ afu_¡ Np¡m Dd¡fu>b¡ hMs bfpbf lgphhy„ A_¡ `pZu kp\¡ `phy„. Ap Mpsf S>du_dp„ h_õ`rs_p âpZp^pf S>¡hp„ D`ep¡Nu b¡L$V¡$qfep A_¡ Amrkep„_p¡ `yóL$m h^pfp¡ L$f¡ R>¡. 15 guV$f `pZudp„ ^fpd©s Npmu_¡ 500 N°pd Dd¡fu_¡ L$p¡B`Z `pL$dp„ R>p„V$hp\u R>p¡X$ O¡fp gugp \B M|b rhL$pk \pe R>¡ A_¡ fp¡N r_e„ÓZ `Z \pe R>¡. ÅdL$p, kydfu, bphrmep, `u`fgp s\p AÞe Npdp¡dp„ ^fpd©s_p„ QdÐL$pqfL$ `qfZpdp¡ dþep„ R>¡. bpf hj®’u Adpfp A_ychdp„ Ap rdîZ Mf¡Mf ^fsu“y„ Ad©s ‘|fhpf ’ey„ R>¡. dpV¡$ Ad¡ s¡“¡ "^fpd©s' “pd Ap‘¡g R>¡. Ap A¡L$ S> Mpsf’u L©$rj DБpv$““p¡ b¡X$p¡ ‘pf R>¡. A“¡ b„S>f-rQL$Zu-Mpfu L¡$ Ap¡Ry>„ DБpv$“ Ap‘su S>du““u ÓZ S hj®dp„ L$pep‘gV$ \pe R>¡. cpfs“p qL$kp“p¡ ^fpd©s A‘“phi¡ sp¡ A¡“p¡ ApÐdp ‘p¡L$pfu DW$i¡ L¡$ ^fpd©s kpQ¡ S> ^fsu_y„ Ad©s R>¡ A_¡ v$¡iu Npe kpQ¡ S> L©$rj_u L$pd^¡_y R>¡.

19

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

Ly„$X$udp„ `pZu_u AphL$

Ly$hp¡/bp¡f

^fpd©s Ly„$X$u `ues_p `pZu kp\¡ ^fpd©s

D‘f“p rQÓdp„ bspìep âdpZ¡ ÅdL$pdp„ ‘fkp¡sdcpB“u hpX$udp„ ^fpd©s ‘php_u kfm ‘Ùrs Np¡W$hu R>¡. R>pZ, Np¡d|Ó, Np¡m A“¡ hX$ “uQ¡“u dpV$u Ly„$X$u“p â’d cpNdp„ r‘es Ap‘sp ‘l¡gp„ ÓZ qv$hk ANpD “p„Mu, r‘es âdpZ¡ fp¡S> Ap ‘v$p’p£ Dd¡fsp fl¡hp. L|$hp-bp¡fdp„’u Aphsu ‘pZu“u ‘pB‘dp„’u AX$^p HQ“p hpëh hpmp ‘pB‘’u kss Ly„$X$u“p â’d rhcpNdp„ ‘pZu Aphi¡ A“¡ Ly„$X$u hÃQ¡ d|L¡$g gp¡M„X$“u Tpmu’u ^fpd©s NmpB“¡ Ly„$X$u“p buÅ cpNdp„ Aphi¡ A“¡ s¡dp„ Np¡W$h¡g AX$^p\u A¡L$ HQ“p ‘pB‘’u ^fpd©s ‘pZu“p ^p¡qfepdp„ cmi¡. ^fpd©s“p¡ âep¡N L$p¡B ‘Z ‘pL$dp„ Bðfue hfv$p“ kprbs \pe R>¡. 6) amTpX$_¡ Mpsf : Apb „ p, QuL$y, _prmef¡u, Ådam, Apdmp rhNf¡¡ dpV¡$p amTpX$_¡ s_¡p \X$ `pk¡ L$epfL¡$ Mpsf `pZu Ap`hy _lu. TpX$_p Of¡php_p R>X¡$¡ v$pY¡$ aVŸ$ `lpm ¡ u, AL¡$ aVº$ JX$u fuN„ L$fu_¡ sd¡p„ Nph¡i„_y R>pZ, dpV$u A_¡ AS¡> TpX$_p kLy$p `p_ ÓZe¡ kfM¡ cpN¡ rdîZ L$fu_¡ sd¡p„ TpX$ v$uW$ b¡ guV$f Npd¡Ó| A_¡ 250 Np°d Npm ¡ _y `pZu Ddf¡u Mpsf f]Ndp„ `fyu_¡ sfs `pZu `ph.y TpX$ v$uW$ b¡ guV$f MpV$u R>pk Ddf¡hu Mb y gpcL$pfu R>.¡ Ap fus¡ amTpX$dp„ `pL$ gB gu^p `R>u sfs A_¡ agº$ Aphhp_p âpfc „ ¡ b¡ hMs Mpsf Ap`h.„y apg gpÁep `R>u v$f 20 \u 30 qv$hk¡ `pZu kp\¡ ^fpds© `php\u $Ñd DÐ`pv$_ dm¡ R>.¡ 7) S>m k„syg_ : L$p¡B `Z L©$rj`pL$_¡ cf¡gp `pZu_u _l] `Z c¡S>_u S>ê$f R>¡. h^y `pZu\u S>du_dp„ lhp_u Ahf S>hf OV¡$ R>¡. fp¡N h^y Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ OV¡$ R>¡. am A_¡ ipL$cpÆ_¡ `pZu h^u S>sp„ duW$pi OV¡$ R>¡ A_¡ fp¡N h^¡ R>¡, am `pL$hpdp„ h^y kde `Z gpN¡ R>¡, OJ_¡ A¡L$ `pZu h^u S>sp„ v$pZp ka¡v$ \B Åe R>¡, Æfy„_¡ `pZu h^u S>sp„ `pL$_p¡ _pi \pe R>¡, gkZ_¡ A¡L$ `pZu h^u S>sp„ Np„qW$ep_u D`f ap¡sfu_y„ `X$ _pi `pd¡ R>¡ S>¡\u gkZ_u NyZhsp bNX¡$ R>¡. Ly$dmp `pL$_¡ h^y `pZu S> lpr_L$pfL$ kprbs \e¡g R>¡. A¡ S> fus¡ `pL$_¡ `pZu_u M¢Q h^y `X¡$ sp¡ s„syd|m s|V$u Åe R>¡. Ars `pZu L¡$ ArsM¢Q b„_¡ lpr_L$pfL$ R>¡. S>du_dp„ c¡S> S>mhpe A_¡ S>du_ `p¡Qu fl¡ A¡ fus¡ `pZu Ap`hy„ rlsphl R>¡. Ap\u S> V$`L$ tkQpC `Ùrs L©$rjdp„ r`es_u î¡›$ `Ùrs R>¡. S>¡dp„ h^y DÐ`pv$_ kp\¡ 50 \u 75 V$L$p `pZu_u bQs \pe R>¡. cpg, O¡X$, Adf¡gu_p¡ npfhpmp¡ âv$¡i, v$qfepL$p„W$p¡, fZâv$¡i_u npfhpmu S>du_dp„ h^pf¡ r`es L$fhp\u S>du__p¡ npf D`f Aphu S>sp A¡ S>du_ k„`|Z® _L$pdu-b„S>f \C Åe R>¡. L¡$ S>¡dp„ `R>u Opk `Z DNsy„ _\u. Ap\u Aphu S>du_dp„ Ap¡R>p `pZu\u `pL$sp `pL$p¡_y„ S> hph¡sf L$fhy„. A_¡ s¡_¡ `Z dep®qv$s r`es Ap`hy„. Ap S>du_dp„ D_pm¡ r`es L$fhy„ S> _tl, afÆeps Apfpd Ap`hp¡. sp¡ S> Ap S>du__u DÐ`pv$L$sp S>mhpC fl¡i¡. 8) i]N Mpsf : Npe L¡$ bmv$“p i]N’u Ap Mpsf b“phu iL$pe R>¡. fus : Npe“p R>pZ, \p¡X$p¡ Np¡m A_¡ \p¡X$p¡ L$W$p¡m_p¡ gp¡V$_¡ Np¡d|Ódp„ dkmu ApMy„ i]N R>pZ’u v$bphu“¡ cfu v$¡hp“y„. i]N“y„ dp¡Yy$„ àgpõV$uL$ L¡$ L$‘X$p’u bp„^u v$¡hp. Ap fus¡ A¡L$ L$fsp h^y i]N cfu iL$pe R>¡. ‘R>u S>du“dp„ ÓZ aŸV$ KX$p MpX$pdp„ i]N“u AZu

20

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

D‘f fl¡ A¡ âdpZ¡ i]N Np¡W$hu dpV$u ‘yfu v$¡hp“u A“¡ MpX$pdp„ b¡ dpk L$pedu c¡S> Åmhhp¡. b¡ dpk ‘R>u i]N blpf L$pY$u A¡ Mpsf L$pQ L¡$ Qu“pB dpV$u“u bfZudp„ cfu L$pedu R>p„e¡ W„$X$u S>Áepdp„ fpMhy„. Å¡ sp‘ gpNi¡, sp¡ b¡L$V¡$qfep dfu S>i¡. i]N Mpsf rhðdp„ kp¥’u î¡›$ S>¥rhL$ Mpsf R>¡. Qp¡dpky, riepmy L¡$ D“ppmy ‘pL$dp„ cu“u S>du“ lp¡e Ðepf¡ A¡L$f¡ 25 N°pd Mpsf“¡ 100 guV$f ‘pZudp„ “p„Mu b„“¡ qv$ipdp„ 10-10 du“uV$ lgphhp’u b¡L$V¡$qfep kq¾$e b“u Åe R>¡. Ðepf ‘R>u Ap ‘pZu“¡ khpf¡ L¡$ kp„S>¡ M¡sfdp„ R>p„V$u v$¡hp“y„. A¡L$fdp„ dpÓ 25 N°pd Mpsf Ap‘hp’u QdÐL$pqfL$ ‘qfZpd dmsy lp¡e s¡hy„ Ap A¡L$dpÓ Mpsf R>¡. i]Ndp„ L$pZp„ “ ‘X¡$ Ðep„ ky^u afu afu“¡ D‘ep¡N L$fu iL$pe R>¡. 9) gugp¡ ‘X$hpi : npf“p g^¡ L¡$ h^y ‘X$sp r‘es’u S>du“ kÒhlu“ b“u lp¡e sp¡ L$p¡B‘Z kuT“dp„ S>du“dp„ A¡L$ L$W$p¡m v$p.s. v$¡iu Nyhpf L¡$ dN, A¡L$ A“pS> bpS>fu A“¡ A¡L$ s¡gurbep sg ÓZ¡e_p buS>“¡ M¡sfdp„ R>p„V$u_¡ r‘es Ap‘hy„. R>p¡X$ A¡L$ ’u b¡$ aŸV$“p ’pe A¡V$g¡ kp„su lp„L$u S>du“dp„ c¡mhu v$¡hp. Ap âqL$ep“¡ gugp¡ ‘X$hpi L$l¡ R>¡. S>¡“p’u S>du““y„ b„^pfZ A“¡ amÖº‘sp M|b S> ky^f¡ R>¡ A“¡ “L$pdu ’B Ne¡gu S>du“ afu amÖº‘ b“¡ R>¡. S>du_ ky^pfZp_p¡ Ap kp¥\u î¡›$ âep¡N kprbs \e¡g R>¡. 10) A¡f„X$u, L$f„S>, g]bp¡mu“p¡ Mp¡m : Y$p¡f“¡ AMpÝe âL$pf“p Ap Mp¡m S>du““¡ 17 âL$pf“p„ ‘p¡jL$ sÒhp¡ Ap‘¡ R>¡. s¡dS> Ap ÓZ¡ Mp¡m T¡fu lp¡hp’u S>du““p hpBfk - aºNS>Þe S>„sy“y„ r“e„ÓZ L$f¡ R>¡. S>du““¡ ‘p¡Qu fpM¡ R>¡. S>¡’u S>du“dp„ c¡S> S>mhpe R>¡. A“¡ lhp“u Ahf S>hf h^¡ R>¡. L„$v$, dNamu âL$pf“p ‘pL$p¡“¡ Myb S> gpcL$pfu R>¡. 11) Q¡L$X¡$d-smph“p¡ L$p„‘ : hfkpv$ hMs¡ M¡sfp¡-Np¥Qf-S>„Ng, L¡$ Xy„$NfpAp¡dp„’u ‘pZu “v$udp„ hl¡ R>¡. Ðepf¡ A¡ ‘pZudp„ L$p„` cm¡ R>¡. S>¡dp„ S>du““p„ ‘p¡jL$ sÒhp¡, k¡[ÞÖe Mpsf A“¡ b¡L$V¡$qfep ‘Z lp¡e R>¡, s¡dS> s¡dp„ i¡hpm A“¡ ‘pZu“p S>„sydp„R>gp“p d©sv$¡lp¡ cm¡ R>¡, Ap’u “v$u-smph A“¡ X¡$d“p srmepdp„ S>dp ’e¡gp¡ L$p„‘ M|b S> amÖº‘ lp¡e R>¡. Q¡L$X¡$d-smph“p L$p„‘“¡ kp¡“p kdp“ ÅZhp¡. smph, Q¡L$X¡$d, Mpgu ’pe Ðepf¡ Ap L$p„‘ M¡sfdp„ “p„Mhp¡ L¡$ L$p„‘“¡ Mpsf“p Y$Ngp D‘f ‘p’fhp¡ Ap Mpsf\u S>du““u amÖº‘sp M|b S> h^pfi¡, Q¡L$X¡$d-smphdp„’u L$p„‘ L$pY$u g¡hp’u s¡“u S>mk„N°l ndsp A“¡ S>du“dp„ ‘pZu Esfhp“u ndsp S>mhpB fl¡i¡. s’p Np¥Qf, fõspAp¡ Mp¡v$hp“y„ ‘p‘ AV$L$i¡. 12) fpM : ka¡v$ fpMdp„ L$pb®_, lpBX$²p¡S>_, N„^L $(këaf) rkhpe_p„ 16 S>¡V$gp„ sÒhp¡ kpfu dpÓpdp„ lp¡e R>¡. A¡V$g¡ Q|gp_u, õdip__u, lp¡mu_u fpM A¡L$Ó L$fu L$p¡B`Z rbepfZ_¡ `V$ Ap`hp\u R>p¡X$_p¡ DNphp¡ A_¡¡ s„vy$fõsu kpfp„ fl¡ R>¡. h^pfp_u fpM A¡L$f¡ 5 \u 7 qL$gp¡ âdpZ¡ Mpsf, Mp¡mdp„ c¡mhu_¡ M¡sfdp„ Ap`hp\u S>du__u amÖy`sp h^i¡. f]NZp, dfQp, V$d¡V$p L¡$ AÞe ipL$cpÆ D‘f fpM R>p„V$hp’u fp¡N r“e„ÓZ ’pe R>¡. 13) S>¥rhL$ Mpsfp¡ (L$ëQf) : A¡T¡V$p¡b¡L$V$f A_¡ ap¡õa¡V$ L$ëQf A¡L$f¡ b¡-b¡ qL$gp¡ L$p¡B`Z `pL$dp„ S>du_ cu_u lp¡e Ðepf¡ Mp¡m Mpsfdp„ c¡mhu_¡ Ap`hp\u L¡$ `pZu kp\¡ Ap¡Npmu_¡ `php\u `pL$_¡ Lyv$fsu _pBV$²p¡S>_ A_¡ ap¡õafk dm¡ R>¡. gp„bp Npmp_p `pL$p¡dp„ `|fL$ Mpsf sfuL¡$ b¡\u ÓZhpf Ap`hp\u M|b gpc \pe R>¡. qL$kp“p¡A¡ b^p `pL$p¡dp„ S>¡rhL$ Mpsf_p¡ Ahíe D`ep¡N L$fhp¡. S|>v$p S|>v$p `pL$_p fpBTp¡rbed L$ëQf bÅfdp„ dm¡ R>¡. s¡ `Z M|b S> D`ep¡Nu R>¡. A¡L$f¡ b¡ qL$gp¡ `°dpZ¡ hph¡sf `R>u Mp¡m Mpsfdp„ c¡mhu_¡ cu_u S>du_dp„ Ap`hy„. fpBTp¡rbed L$ëQf L$W$p¡m hN®_p `pL$p¡ A_¡ dNamu_p d|m_u Np„W$p¡_p b¡L$V¡$qfep_u h©qÙ L$f¡ R>¡. Ap b¡L$V¡$qfep lhpdp„\u _pBV²p¡S>_ M¢Qu R>p¡X$_¡ Ap`¡ R>¡. dNamu, Æfy„ S>¡hp azNS>Þe Ecp kyL$pB S>sp `pL$p¡dp„ A¡L A¡L$f_p rbepfZ rbepfZ_¡ Np¡d|Ó\u cu_y„ L$fu A¡L$ qL$gp¡¡ V$²pBL$p¡X$dp® L$ëQf_p¡ `V$ Ap`hp¡. A\hp hph¡sf bpv$ cu_u S>du_dp„ Mp¡m Mpsf kp\¡ c¡mhu_¡ Ap`u iL$pe R>¡. Ap Mpsfp¡ M|b S> gpcL$pfu S>Zpep R>¡. 14) Amrkep„“y„ Mpsf (hd}L$ç‘p¡õV$) : Amrkep“¡ A„N°¡Ædp„ hd® L$l¡ R>¡. Amrkep„“u OZu Åsp¡ R>¡. s¡dp„ b¡ Åsp¡

21

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

Mpsfp¡ b“phhp h^pf¡ âQrgs R>¡. 1) A¡X$ugk BX$u“u A“¡ 2) A¡rk“p ap¡qV$X$p â’d Ås h^y Nfdu kl“ L$f“pfu R>¡. A¡\u cpfsdp„ â\d Ås î¡›$ R>¡. Amrkep„ R>pZ, L$Qfp¡ MpB_¡ S>¡ dm L$f¡ A¡ Amrkep„“y„ Mpsf R>¡. Amrkep„ sX$L$pdp„ A“¡ spÅ R>pZ“u Nfdudp„ dfu Åe R>¡ dpV¡$ Ap Mpsf“¡ i¡X$, gugu“¡V$ L¡$ h©np¡“p R>p„e¡ S> b“phu iL$pe R>¡. qL$kp“p¡A¡ hph¡sf S>du“ A“¡ R>pZ_u âpràs“p âdpZ¡ A“yLy$m kpBT“p¡ i¡X$ bp„^hp¡. i¡X$“y„ srmey„ ‘pLy„$ A“¡ hfkpv$“y„ ‘pZu “ AX¡$ A¡V$gy KQy bp„^hy„. srmep“¡ A¡L$ qv$ipdp„ kpdpÞe Y$pm Ap‘u Y$pm“p R>¡X¡$ “p“u “uL$ L¡$ NV$f QZu s¡“p R>¡X¡$ ‘pL$u Ly„$X$u QZhu.

Amrkep„ Mpsf_p¡ àgpÞV$

Mpsf b“phhp“u fus : i¡X$“u g„bpB“¡ A“yê$‘ A¡L$ duV$f ‘lp¡mpBdp„ Qpf \u R> HQ L$Qfp“p¡ ’f L$fhp¡. s¡“p D‘f A¡L$ duV$f ‘lp¡mp¡ A“¡ v$p¡Y$ aŸV$ KQp¡ R>pZ A“¡ S|>“p L$Qfp“p ’f“p¡ L$bf ApL$pf“p¡ ‘pmp¡ L$fu v$¡hp¡. b¡ ‘pmp hÃQ¡ A¡L$ duV$f Mpgu S>Áep R>p¡X$hu. R>pZ 40 ’u 50 V$L$p A“¡ L$Qfp¡ 50 ’u 60 V$L$p âdpZ¡ ‘pmpdp„ ‘p’fhp¡. ‘pmp“¡ “uQ¡ ky^u ‘pZu’u ‘gpmu ‘R>u ApW$ qv$hk fp¡S> ‘pZu R>p„V$u ‘pmp¡ cu“p¡ fpMhp¡. ApW$ qv$hk¡ R>pZ“u Nfdu “uL$mu Åe A¡V$g¡ ‘pmp dp’¡ A¡L$ duV$f g„bpBdp„ 500 N°pd Amrkep„ h¡fu dp’¡ L„$sp“ Y$p„L$u fp¡S> ‘pmp“¡ A¡L$hpf ‘pZu R>p„V$hp“y„. 5 IQ gp„bp krmep“u M„‘pmu b“phu v$f ApW$ qv$hk¡ ‘pmp“¡ D‘f “uQ¡ L$fhp¡. S>¡’u ‘pmpdp„ lhp“u Ahf S>hf A“¡ ‘p¡gpZ fl¡. lhp dm¡ sp¡ S> Amrkep„ Æh„s A“¡ kq¾$e flu iL¡$. 50 ’u 60 qv$hk¡ Amrkep ‘pmp“y„ R>pZ L$Qfp¡ MpB Qp“u c|L$u S>¡hy„ Mpsf b“phu v$¡i¡. Ðepf¡ ‘pmp“¡ srmep ky^u QL$pku ‘R>u ‘pZu R>p„V$hp“y„ b„^ L$fu v$¡hy„. b¡-ÓZ qv$hk ‘R>u ‘pmp¡ D‘f’u kyL$pi¡ A¡V$g¡ fp¡S> gpL$X$p“u ‘Ë$u’u D‘f D‘f’u Mpsf Dspfu g¡hy„ AW$hpX$uepdp„ b^y„ Mpsf Esfu S>i¡. R>¡ëg¡ 10 V$L$p Mpsf L¡$ srmep“p L$Qfpdp„ b^p Amrkep„ Aphu S>i¡. Amrkep„ krls“p A¡ L$Qfp Mpsf“¡ ANpD’u s¥epf fpM¡g “hp ‘pmp dp’¡ h¡fu L„$sp“ Y$p„L$u r“es L$pe®hplu L$fhu. ‘pmpdp„’u r“sf¡gy„ ‘pZu “uL$ hpV¡$ ‘pL$u Ly„$X$udp„ S>dp ’i¡ s¡“¡ Np¡d|Ó kp’¡ hrd®hp¡i sfuL¡$ ‘„‘ v$uW$ A¡L$ guV$f Dd¡fu L$p¡B ‘Z ‘pL$dp„ R>p„V$hp’u DÑd V$p¡r“L$ sfuL¡$ L$pd Ap‘¡ R>¡. hrd®L$ç‘p¡õV$dp„ D‘ep¡Nu b¡L$V¡$qfep lp¡e R>¡ dpV¡$ s¥epf Mpsf“¡ sX$L¡$ “ fpMsp„ R>p„e¡ k„N°l L$fhp¡ A“¡ c¡S>hpmu S>du“dp„ hph¡sf L$fhp’u DÑd L$pd Ap‘i¡. Amrkep„“p Mpsf“p¡ àgpÞV$ b“phsp„ ‘l¡gp s¥epf àgpÞV$ Å¡B Aæepk L$fhp¡ S>ê$fu R>¡. M¡sfdp„ Npe“y„ R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó“y„ Mpsf “p„Mhpdp„ Aph¡ A“¡ ^fpd©s ‘phpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ Amrkep„“p Mpsf“u S>ê$f ‘X$su “’u. Äep„ A¡ “ dm¡ Ðep„ il¡fu bNuQp L¡$ AÞe R>p¡X$-ipL$cpÆ dpV¡$ D‘ep¡N L$fhp¡. 15) S>Ns_p qL$kp_p¡_¡ hfv$p_ê$` - Np¡bfN¡k àgpÞV$ : kXep hNf_y„ spSy>„ R>pZ M¡sfdp„ _p„Mhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ c¡S> dm¡ Ðepf¡ R>pZdp„\u rd\¡_ N¡k R|>V$p¡ `X¡$ R>¡, S>¡ L$p¡B `Z h_õ`rs_¡ lpr_L$pfL$ R>¡. _p_`Zdp„ NpdX¡$ d¢ Å¡e¡gy„ L¡$ h^pf¡ `X$sy„ R>prZey„ Mpsf M¡sfdp„ _p„Mhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ â\d hfk¡ dp¡gps `umu `X$u Åe A_¡ `pL$ Ap¡R>p¡ Aph¡. Ap_y„ L$pfZ Ap rd\¡_ N¡k R>¡ Å¡ R>pZ_¡ Np¡bfN¡k àgpÞV$dp„ _pMhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ R>pZ_p¡ rd\¡_ N¡k A¡ àgpÞV$dp„ R|>V$p¡ `X¡$ R>¡. S>¡ bmsZ sfuL¡$ L$pd Aph¡ R>¡. s¡dS> R>pZdp„ fl¡gp„ `p¡jL$sÒhp¡ h_õ`rs TX$`\u A_¡ kfmsp\u Q|ku iL¡$ s¡hp õhê$`dp„ a¡fhpe R>¡. R>pZdp„ fl¡gp„

22

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

Opk-t_v$pdZ_p buS> L$p¡lhpB_¡ kX$u Åe R>¡. Apd Np¡bfN¡k àgpÞV$\u A_¡L$ gpcp¡ \pe R>¡ S>¡hp L¡$ 1. rd\¡_N¡k hNf_y„ kp¡_p kdp_ k¡[ÞÖe Mpsf dm¡ R>¡. 2. Ap Mpsf `pL$_¡ TX$`\u gpN¡ R>¡. 3. t_v$pdZ_y„ r_e„ÓZ \pe R>¡. 4. bmsZ dpV¡$ N¡k dmsp„ gpL$Xy„$, R>pZp„, huS>mu, `¡V²$p¡rged_u bQs \pe R>¡. 5. L©$rj_u ApX$ `¡v$pip¡ kp„W$u-fpmp„ s\p R>pZp„ bmsp„ AV$L$u k¡[ÞÖe Mpsf dpV¡$ bQ¡ R>¡. 6. h©np¡ L$`psp„ AV$L¡$ R>¡ S>¡\u `ep®hfZfnp \pe R>¡. 7. `¡V²$p¡rged bmhp\u \sy„ âv|jZ AV$L¡$ R>¡. Apd "Np¡bfN¡k àgpÞV$' qL$kp_, L©$rj, NpdXy„$, `ep®hfZ A_¡ v¡$i_¡ dpV¡$ hfv$p_ê$` V¡$L$_p¡gp¡Æ R>¡. S>¡ L$p„BS> gu^p rh_p dpÓ Ap`hp_y„ S> L$pd L$f¡ s¡hu vy$ r_ep_u î¡›$ V¡$L$_p¡gp¡Æ R>¡. S>¡_¡ v¡$i A_¡ S>Ns_p Npd¡ Npd A_¡ O¡f-O¡f A`_phhp S>¡hu R>¡. Ap hfv$p_ê$` ep¡S>_p_p¡ Ap^pfõs„c Np¡h„i R>¡. S>¡_p R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó\u Ap L$ëepZL$pfu ep¡S>_p L$pe®fs \pe R>¡ ! EÅ® bQs : R>pZ A_¡ L$©rj_u ApX$`v¡$pip_¡„y Ms¡u dpV$¡ Mpsf b_phhp Of¡ Of¡ Npb ¡ fNk ¡ A_¡ ke|L®$|L$f_p¡ D`epN¡ L$fhp.¡ 16) M¡sfdp„\u gu^¡gy„ M¡sf_¡ `pRy>„ Ap`p¡ : M¡sfdp„ S>¡ L$p„B `pL$ hphuA¡ s¡ M¡sf_u amÖy`sp, `p¡jL$ sÒhp¡ Q|ku_¡ \pe R>¡. dpV¡$ MphpgpeL$ Aß, ipL$cpÆ amp¡ qkhpe_u ApX$ `¡v$pi_y„ Mpsf L$fu_¡ afu M¡sf_¡ Ap`hy„ Ar_hpe® R>¡. ApX$`¡v$pi b¡ âL$pf_u R>¡. A¡L$ Np¡h„i, `iyAp¡_¡ MphpgpeL$ S>¡ qL$kp“p¡A¡ `p¡sp_p S> Npe bmv$ A_¡ Y$p¡f_¡ MhX$phu s¡_p R>pZ-d|Ó_y„ Mpsf L$fu afu M¡sf_¡ Ap`hy„. buÅ âL$pf_u ApX$ `¡v$pi Y$p¡f_¡ AMpÝe L¡$ Aë` MpÝe R>¡. S>¡hu L¡$ OJ_y„ L|„$hm, X$p„Nf_y„ `fpm, L$`pk, syh¡f, A¡f„X$p, fpeX$p_u kp„W$u, sgkfp„, Æfy, ^pZp, BkbNyg, QZp, hqfepmu_p R>p¡X$_¡ `X$sf S>Áepdp„ L¡$ MpX$pdp„ _p„Mu A¡L$ Qp¡dpky„ kX$hp v$B `R>u V$²¡L$V$f\u dkmu A¡L$ MpX$pdp„ _p„Mu_¡ ìéh[õ\s Y$Ngp¡ L$fu dp\¡ R>pZ Np¡d|Ó_u fbX$u A_¡ S>¥rhL$ b¡L$V¡$qfep L$ëQf R>p„V$u D‘f ^|m Y$p„L$u `pZu\u `gpmu b¡ dpk c¡S> Åmhhp\u DÑd Mpsf b_u S>i¡. s¡_¡ M¡sfdp„ _p„Mu M¡sfdp„\u gu^¡gy„ dlÑd `pRy>„ M¡sf_¡ Ap`uiy„ sp¡ S> S>du__u amÖy`sp ipðs S>mhpi¡. ApX$`¡v$pi M¡sfdp„ Dcu lp¡e L¡$ h¡fpe¡gu lp¡e s¡_¡ V$²¡L$V$f L¡$ e„Óp¡\u _p_p Vy$L$X$p L$fu_¡ ku^u S> M¡sfdp„ c¡mhhp\u M|b gpc \i¡ A_¡ dS|>fu MQ® bQi¡. ApX$ `¡v$pip¡ Mpsfê$‘¡ M¡sf_¡ `pR>u _ Ap`_pf qL$kp“ ^fsu dpsp_¡ kÒhlu“ L$fu_¡ dpf¡ R>¡. M¡sfdp„\u gu^¡gy„ M¡sf_¡ `pRy>„ _l] Ap`uA¡ sp¡ S>du_ b„S>f(hp„TZu) b_u S>i¡. A¡hu hp„TZu S>du_ Ap`Z_¡ rS>hpX$i¡ Mfu? Ap\u M¡sfdp„\u gu^¡gy M¡sf_¡ `pRy>„ Ap`hp_p k„õL$pf kp¥\u `pep_p¡ L©$rj^d® A_¡ âL©$rs^d® R>¡. 17) M¡sfdp„ ApN _ gNpX$p¡ : qL$kp“p¡ lph£õV$f\u OJ L$p`u_¡ L¡$ L$`pk, syh¡f, A¡f„X$p, fpeX$p¡, hqfepmu_u kp„W$u L¡$ i¡fX$u_p L$Qfp_p¡ r_L$pg L$fhp M¡sfdp„ S> ApN gNpX¡$ R>¡. Ap L$Qfp_¡ bpmhp\u L$Qfpê`u D`ep¡Nu L$pQy„ Mpsf, M¡sfdp„ `X¡$gp k¡rÞÖe `v$p\® D`fp„s S>du__p„ L$pb®_, lpBX$²p¡S>_, Ap¡qL$kS>_, këaf S>¡hp„ Ad|ëe `p¡jL$ sÒhp¡, f¡kpAp¡, k¡rÞÖe sÒhp¡, S>du__u amÖy`sp_p Ap^pf kdp_ b¡L$V¡$qfep, Amrkep bmu Åe R>¡. S>¡\u S>du__u amÖy`sp_p¡ L$pedu _pi \pe R>¡. bpm¡gu S>du__¡ d|m õhê`dp„ Aphsp„ 50 \u h^y hj® gpN¡ R>¡. Ad¡ ÅdL$pdp„ âep¡Nê$‘¡ S>¡ M¡sfdp„ sgkfp„ bpþep Ðep„ buÅ hfk¡ dNamu_p R>p¡X$ dp„X$ EÁep _¡ 25 V$L$p S> rhL$õep. M¡sfdp„ ApN A¡ M¡sf_¡ S> _l] qL$kp“_p Æh__¡ A_¡ Æh„s âL©$rs_¡ ApN R>¡.S>du__p â\d dprgL$ `fdpÐdp R>¡, buÅ¡ dprgL$ fpóV²$ R>¡ A_¡ dpÓ cp¡Nh_pfp¡ ÓuÅ¡ dprgL$ qL$kp_ R>¡. Ap\u qL$kp“¡ L¡$ dp_h dpÓA¡ M¡sf, i¡Y¡$, S>„Ng L¡$ Np¥Qfdp„ ApN gNpX$hu A¡ dlp`p`_y„ L©$Ðe R>¡.dpV¡$ M¡sfdp„ L$v$u ApN _ gNpX$hu. _X$sfê` L$p„V$p `Z bpmhp_u S>êf `X¡$ sp¡ dpN® L¡$ rb_D`ep¡Nu S>du_dp„ gB S>B L$pmÆ`|h®L$ bpmhp. M¡sfdp„ S> Ec¡gu L¡$ `X¡$gu ApX$`¡v$pip¡_¡ V²¡$L$V$f, fp¡V$ph¡V$f, lm L¡$ kp„su\u S>du_dp„ S> c¡mhu v¡$hu. S>du__u amÖy`sp Åmhhp_p¡ A¡ kp¥\u kfm fõsp¡ R>¡. 18) bmv$’u dlÑd M¡X$ : Æh“ A“¡ L©$rj“p¡ âpZ Npe R>¡. Npe ‘pmuiy„ A¡V$g¡ bmv$p¡ klS> S> dmhp“p R>¡. bmv A¡$ EÅ® (i[¼s)“p¡ Ad|ëe ipðs Ly$v$fsu ”p¡s R>¡. A¡“p¡ kv¹$D‘ep¡N L$fhp¡ A¡ op“-rhop“ A“¡ L$mp R>¡. L©$rj“u ApX$ ‘¡v$pih^pfp“p¡ OpkQpfp¡ MpB bmv$ bv$gpdp„ hphZu, Ap„sfM¡X$, S>du“ M¡X$pZ, cpfhl“ A“¡ dp“h hl“ dpV¡$ D‘ep¡Nu R>¡. kp’¡

23

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

Npe“p„ R>pZ Np¡d|Ó S>¡V$gp„ S> D‘ep¡Nu R>pZ-d|Ó Ap‘¡ R>¡. bmv$’u M¡su L$fhpdp„ V²$¡L$V$f L$fsp„ TX$‘ Ap¡R>u A“¡ ’p¡X$p¡ h^y ‘qfîd R>¡, ‘Z L$p¡B S> MQ® rh“p A“¡ õhphg„bu M¡su bmv$’u S> ’pe R>¡. Ap„riL$ c¡S>hpmu L¡$ cu_u S>du_dp„ V²¡$L$V$f Qgphhp\u S>du_ A_¡ L©$rj `pL$_p d|m v$bpe R>¡. S>¡\u `pL$_p¡ rhL$pk M|b OV¡$ R> A¡ Ad¡ A_¡L$ M¡sfp¡dp„ Ås¡ Å¡ey„ R>¡. V²¡$L$V$fp¡ âv|$jZ A“¡ h¥rðL$ sp‘dp“ h^pf¡ R>¡, Äepf¡ bmv\u M¡su L$fhp\u `pL$_¡ _yL$kp_ \sy„ AV$L¡$ R>¡, $M¡su MQ® OV$¡ R>¡ kp\¡ âv|$jZ dy[¼s A“¡ ‘ep®hfZ k„syg“ S>mhpe R>¡. 19) `pL$ _u a¡fbv$gu : cph_u L¡$ DÐ`pv$__u gpgQ¡ A¡L$_p¡ A¡L$ `pL$_p hph¡sf\u A¡ `pL$> S>¡ sÒhp¡ h^y âdpZdp„ S>du_ dp„\u D`pX$sp¡ lp¡e, s¡_u DZ` \pe R>¡. A_¡ A¡ `pL$dp„ Aphsp fp¡N_p S>„sy_y„ afu hph¡g A¡_p A¡ `pL$dp„ âdpZ h^u Åe R>¡. Ap\u b„_¡ _yL$kp_\u DÐ`pv$_ OV¡$ R>¡. Ap\u ep¡Áe DÐ`pv$_ d¡mhhp fp¡Np¡_y„ r_e„ÓZ Åmhhp A_¡ S>du__u amÖº`sp Åmhhp `pL$_u a¡fbv$gu L$fhu Aq_hpe® R>¡. 20) L©$rj ‘¡v$pip¡“u NyZhÑp ÅmhZu : DÑd L©$rj ‘¡v$pi“u iê$Aps Åshp“ rbepfZ’u ’pe R>¡. S>¡ am-ipL$-A“pS>L$W$p¡m-dkpgp M|b õhpqv$ô$, ‘p¡jL$, kyN„^uv$pf A“¡ V$L$pD lp¡e A“¡ S>¡dp„ fp¡N ‘Z Ly$v$fsu fus¡ Ap¡R>p¡ Aph¡ A¡hu Åsp¡ ip¡^u ‘f„‘fpNs A¡“u ÅmhZu L$fhu A¡ ‘pep“p¡ âL©$rs^d® A_¡ L©$rj^d® ‘|Îe“y„ L$pe® R>¡. hph¡sf’u gB L$p‘Zu ky^u“u `pL$_u dphS>s_p¡ KX$p¡ Aæepk L$fu hph¡sf, r`es, t_v$pdZ `pfhhy„, Mpgp `yfhp, fp¡N r_e„ÓZ A_¡ ¼epf¡ L$p‘Zu L$fhu L¡$ ‘pL$ Dspfhp¡, amp¡ ‘L$phhp“u fus, hN¡f¡ L$pep¡µ_p M¡X|$s¡ r_óZp„s b_hy„. A“pS>-s¡gurbep„-dkpgp-L$W$p¡m“¡ bfpbf k|L$hu k|L$uW„$X$u A“¡ R>p„ephpmu S>Áepdp„ c¡S>-sX$L$p¡ “ gpN¡ A¡ fus¡ k„N°l L$fhp¡. Ap L$mp L©$rj“y„ ‘pep“y„ op“ R>¡. AQp“L$ Aphsp hfkpv$’u ‘pL$ A“¡ OpkQpfp¡ bQphhp v$f¡L$ qL$kp“¡ S>ê$f âdpZ¡ spg‘Óu L¡$ kyfnp“p„ kp^“p¡ AQ|L$ hkphhp. L©$rj ‘¡v$pip¡“y„ DБpv$“ A“¡ ÅmhZu“u L$mp v$f¡L$ qL$kp“ dpV¡$ ‘pep“y„ op“ R>¡. 21) dL$p“-Np¡X$pD“ : M¡su _u AphL$dp„’u kp¥â’d L$fhp S>¡hy„ L$pe® S>mk„N°l R>¡ S>¡“p’u L©$rj AphL$dp„ h^pfp¡ ’pe R>¡ A“¡ L©$rj‘pL$ kyfrns ’pe R>¡. ‘R>u L$fhp S>¡hy„ L$pd M¡sf ‘f L¡$ Npddp„ L©$rj DБpv$“ - OpkQpfp¡ cfhp dL$p“-Np¡X$pD“ bp„^hp„ A¡ R>¡. fl¡hp A“¡ L©$rj DБpv$“ cfhp ‘|fsp„ dL$p“ “ lp¡e R>sp„ g‚ âk„Np¡, ^prd®L$ L$pe®¾$dp¡ A“¡ ìek“dp„ ‘¥kp DX$phhp’u “’u L$p¡B“u L$uqs®-Apbê$ h^su L¡$ “’u Bðf ‘pk¡ ‘yÎe S>dp ’sy„. dpV¡$ qL$kp“¡ A¡ h¡X$apV$ AV$L$phu `p¡su S>ê$qfeps ‘|fsp dL$p“Np¡X$pD“ bp„^hpdp„ byqÙdsp A_¡ Apbpv$u R>¡. L©$rj DБpv$““¡ hfkpv$-c¡S>-S>„Ngu ‘iyAp¡“u lpr“-Qp¡fu’u bQphu iL$i¡ A“¡ ‘|fsp cph ‘Z d¡mhu iL$i¡. L©$rj A’®s„Ódp„ dL$p“-Np¡X$pD“ Ar“hpe® S>ê$qfeps R>¡. Ap fus¡ v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj\u S>du““u amÖº‘sp ‘|Z®õhê$‘¡ rhL$k¡ R>¡. S>du__¡ `p¡jL$ sÒhp¡ `pZu A_¡ Ap¡[¼kS>_ `yfsp âdpZdp„ dm¡ R>¡. Ap âqL$ep’u ‘pL¡$gp A“pS>, amp¡, ipL$cpÆ, s¡gurbep, L$W$p¡m, dkpgp A“¡ Ap¥j^p¡ ‘|Z® ‘p¡jL$, NyZL$pfu s’p s¡“u ‘|Z® kyN„^, duW$pi A“¡ õhpv$hpmp ’i¡, A“¡ s¡“u V$L$pD i[¼s ‘Z h^y lp¡e R>¡. AL$pm¡ bNX$u S>sp„ “’u L¡$ kX$u S>sp„ “’u. Ap MpÛ ‘v$p’®dp„ î¡›$ âpZi[¼s lp¡e R>¡, S>¡ dp_h A_¡ L©$rj `pL$\u Æhsp sdpd Æhp¡_¡ âpZhp_ b_ph¡ R>¡.

24

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

11. L©$rj `pL$p¡dp„ fp¡N r_e„ÓZ. L$X$hp¡ DL$pmp¡ : ApL$X$p¡, Ly$hpf`pWy$„, gudX$p¡, kuspamu, L$f¡Z A_¡ L$f„S>_p `p_ s\p ^syfp_p R>p¡X$ Apdp„\u ÓZ\u `p„Q S>¡ h_õ`rs dm¡ s¡_p Ly$g 5 qL$gp¡ `p_ gB, s¡_¡ `uku_¡ 20 guV$f `pZudp„ DL$pmhp. ^udp sp`¡ DL$m¡ s¡V$gp¡ DL$pmp¡ î¡›$ b_¡ R>¡. 6\u 7 guV$f bQ¡ A¡V$g¡ sp`Ï b„^ L$fu W$fhp v$¡hy„. k„`|Z® W$fu Åe `R>u L$`X$p\u Npmu_¡ lhp Qyõs `pÓdp„ cfu_¡ `¡L$ fpMhy„. suMp¡ DL$pmp¡ : v$¡iu sdpLy$_p kyL$p `p_ b¡ qL$gp¡, gugu suMu dfQu 2 qL$gp¡ A_¡ gkZ b¡ qL$gp¡ gC_¡ s¡_¡ `uku_¡ 20 guV$f `pZudp„ D`f âdpZ¡ DL$pmhy„. 6\u 7 guV$f bQ¡ A¡V$g¡ W$pfu_¡, Npmu_¡ lhp Qyõs `pÓdp„ cfu g¡hy„. lhp Qyõs fpM¡g DL$pmp¡ 60 qv$hk DÑd L$pd Ap`¡ R>¡. `R>u s¡_u NyZhsp ^ud¡ ^ud¡ Ap¡R>u \pe R>¡. g]bp¡mu_y„ s¡g : 500 N°pd `pZudp„ 20 N°pd L$`X$p ^p¡hp_p¡ X$uV$S>®ÞV$ `phX$f Dd¡fu bfpbf Ap¡Nmu s¡dp„ 1 qL$gp¡ g]bp¡mu_y„ s¡g Dd¡fu bfpbf rdn L$fhp\u s¡g apV$u S>i¡. L¡$fp¡ku_ : 500 N°pd `pZudp„ 20 N°pd X$uV$S>®ÞV$ `phX$f rdn L$fu_¡ A¡L$ guV$f L¡$fp¡ku_ Dd¡fu bfpbf lgphhp\u L¡$fp¡ku_ apV$u Åe R>¡. apX¡$gy„ s¡g- L¡$fp¡ku_ S> `pZudp„ rdn \B iL¡$ R>¡. Ap\u fp¡Nr_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ Ap `v$p\p£_p¡ D`p¡N L$fhp s¡_¡ apX$hp Ar_hpe® R>¡. dpZk L¡$ L©$rj `pL$p¡dp„ fp¡N Apìep `R>u r_e„ÓZ L$fhy„ A^fy„ \pe R>¡. S>epf¡ Ap Ly$v$fsu `v$p\p£_u L$p¡C S> ApX$ Akf _ lp¡hp\u fp¡N Apìep `l¡gp„ S> 10\u 20 qv$hk¡ r_erds R>„V$L$ph L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ L©$rj `pL$p¡dp„ fp¡Np¡ Aphsp _ _\u. fp¡N r_e„ÓL$-1 : Apeyh£v$dp„ Np¡h„i_p R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó_p rdîZ_¡ Np¡de L$üy„ R>¡. 10 guV$f Np¡d|Ódp„ 10 qL$gp¡ Np¡h„i_y„ spSy>„ R>pZ bfpbf rdn L$fu_¡ b¡ hMs L$`X$p\u Npmu, õhÃR> `pÓdp„ gB spSy>„ S> 15 guV$f `pZudp„ Ly$dmu dp¡gps dpV$¡ 500 N°pd Np¡de A_¡ dp¡V$u dp¡gpsdp„ 1 guV$f Np¡de Dd¡fu v$f 10 \u 20 qv$hk¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u ÆZp S>„sy-Cemp¡_y„ r_e„ÓZ \pe R>¡. sdpd `pL$p¡ O¡fp gugp f„N_p \pe R>¡. `pL$_p¡ M|b rhL$pk \pe R>¡ A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ `Z M|b kpfy„ dm¡ R>¡. fp¡Nr_e„ÓL$-2 : Ly$dmu dp¡gpsdp„ 15 guV$f `pZudp„ 500 N°pd Np¡de kp\¡ 200 N°pd L$X$hp¡ DL$pmp¡ Dd¡fu_¡ A_¡ dp¡V$u dp¡gpsdp„ 15 guV$f `pZudp„ 1 guV$f Np¡de A_¡ 250 \u 300 N°pd L$X$hp¡ DL$pmp¡ Dd¡fu_¡ 10\u 20 qv$hk¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u sdpd âL$pf_u diu, Nmp¡, \°uàk, Q|rkep, Cemp¡_y„ A¡L$ S> qv$hkdp„ r_e„ÓZ \pe R>¡. fp¡Nr_e„ÓL$-3 : 15 guV$f `pZudp„ _p_u dp¡gpsdp„ 500 N°pd Np¡de A_¡ 200 N°pd suMp¡ DL$pmp¡ s\p dp¡V$u dp¡gpsdp„ 1 guV$f Np¡de A_¡ 250\u 300 N°pd suMp¡ DL$pmp¡ Dd¡fu v$f 10\u 20 qv$hk¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u fp¡Np¡ Aphsp S> AV$L¡$ R>¡ A_¡ lp¡e sp¡ Nmp¡, diu, \°uàk, Q|kuep, sdpd âL$pf_u Cem_y„ A¡L$ S> qv$hkdp„ r_e„ÓZ \pe R>¡. fp¡Nr_e„ÓL$-4 : 15 guV$f `pZudp„ _p_u dp¡gpsdp„ 500 N°pd Np¡de A_¡ 50 N°pd apX¡$gy g]bp¡mu_y„ s¡g s\p dp¡V$u dp¡gpsdp„ 1 guV$f Np¡de A_¡ 100 N°pd apX¡$gy„ g]bp¡mu_y„ s¡g bfpbf rdn L$fu_¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u sdpd âL$pf_u diu, Nmp¡, \°uàk, Q|kuep, Cemp¡_y„ A¡L$ S> qv$hkdp„ r_e„ÓZ \pe R>¡. Mpk _p¢^ : D`fp¡L$s b„_¡ DL$pmp A_¡ g]bp¡mu_y„ s¡g b^y„ S> c¡Ny„ L$fu_¡ L$pedu R>„V$L$ph _ L$fhp¡. `Z hpfpafsu R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u Æhpsp¡dp„ ârsL$pfir¼s `¡v$p \su _\u. M¡X|$sp¡ hjp£\u Np¡de kp\¡ dpÓ A¡L$ DL$pmp¡ A\hp dpÓ g]bp¡mu_y„ s¡g_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fu_¡ fp¡N r_e„ÓZ L$fu_¡ b¡apd S>„sy_piL$ T¡f_p¡ D`ep¡N L$f_pfp M¡X|$sp¡ L$fsp v$p¡Y$\u b¡ NÏ„ DÐ`pv$_ A_¡ 20\u 100 V$L$p h^y cph d¡mh¡ S> R>¡. R>sp„ Np¡de kp\¡ A¡L$ DL$pmp¡ A\hp g]bp¡mu_y„ s¡g hpfpafsu D`ep¡N L$fhp\u kp¥\u î¡›$ `qfZpd L$pedu dmi¡. gkZ, Xy$„Nmu, d|mp, fpeX$p¡, dfQp S>¡hu suMu h_õ`rsdp„ L$X$hp¡ DL$pmp¡ A_¡ g]bp¡mu_p s¡g_p¡ hpfp afsu R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡.

25

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

l]N-AS>dp-lmv$f_p¡ DL$pmp¡ : 10 guV$f `pZudp„ 200 N°pd kpfu NyZhÑp_u l]N, 500 N°pd AS>dp_p¡ `phX$f A_¡ 200 N°pd lmv$f Dd¡f ÓZ DapZp Aph¡ Ðep„ ky^u 20 \u 30 du_uV$ EL$pmhy„. `R>u W$„Xy$ \hp v$C L$`X$p\u Npmu g¡hy„. X$p¡L$p dfX$u,Npcdpfp_u Cem_p¡ D`pe : 15 guV$f `pZudp„ 1 guV$f Np¡de, 250 N°pd L$X$hp¡ DL$pmp¡ A_¡ A¡L$ guV$f Ap l]N-AS>dp-lmv$f_p¡ DL$pmp¡ Dd¡fu R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u f]NZu-L$`pk_u X$p¡L$pdfX$u Cem, Sy>hpf, X$p„Nf, dL$pC_u Npcdpfp_u Cem_y„ sÐhqfs r_e„ÓZ \pe R>¡. 3\u 10 lÅf ~r`ep_u guV$f v$hp_p R>„V$L$ph\u S>¡ `qfZpdp¡ _\u dmsp A¡hp DÑd `qfZpdp¡ M¡X|$sp¡A¡ d¡mh¡g R>¡. dugubN : ipL$cpÆ-L$`pk L¡$ L$p¡C `Z `pL$dp„ dugubN Aph¡ sp¡ 15 guV$f `pZudp„ 20 N°pd X$uV$S>®ÞV$ `phX$f, 25 N°pd apX¡$gy„ L¡$fp¡rk_ A_¡ 250 N°pd L$X$hp¡ A\hp suMp¡ DL$pmp¡ Dd¡fu ApW$ qv$hk_p A„sf¡ b¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u rdgubpN_p¡ k„`|Z® _pi \pe R>¡. sdpd `p_-X$pmu_¡ awhpfp¡ gN¡ A¡ fus¡ L$pmÆ\u R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡. d|m_p¡ kyL$pfp¡ : 10 guV$f R>pkdp„ 500 N°pd bpS>fp_p¡ gp¡V$ Dd¡fu sp„bp L¡$ r`Ñm_p hpkZdp„ ÓZ qv$hk cfu fpMhp\u î¡›$ awN-b¡L$V$¡qfep _piL$ fp¡N r_e„ÓZ b_¡ R>¡. i¡fX$u,syh¡f, L$`pk, ipL$cpÆ, am_p fp¡`p, dp¡V$p amTpX$, S>¡ S>¡ `pL$p¡_p Dcp R>p¡X$-TpX$, awN-b¡L$V$¡qfep\u kyL$pC S>sp„ lp¡e A_¡ gkZ-Xy$„Nmu krls sdpd L„$v$, A_pS>, L$W$p¡m, ipL$cpÆ_p, d|mdp„ awN\u R>p¡X$ _bmp-`ump `X$sp lp¡e A¡hp sdpd `pL$p¡dp„ ârs A¡L$f¡ 10 guV$f Ap R>pk `pZu kp\¡ `php\u R>p¡X$_p¡ kyL$p¡ AV$L¡$ R>¡. `ump-_bmp R>p¡X$ O¡fp gugp \B rhL$pk L$f¡ R>¡. h_õ`rs_p d|m ka¡v$-s„v$yfõs-dS>b|s \pe R>¡. A_¡ d|m_u k„¿ep h^¡ R>¡. i¡fX$u-L$`pk, A¡f„X$p_p kyL$pfpdp„ 10 lÅf_u guV$f v$hp_p D`ep¡N `R>u `pL$ ApMp kyL$pC Nep, Ðep„ MpV$u R>pk\u kyL$pfp¡ AV$L$u `pL$ bQu Nep¡ R>¡. Ap\u kyL$pfp¡ A_¡ awN AV$L$phhp_p¡ Ap fpdbpZ CgpS> R>¡. s¡dS> MpV$u R>pk L©$rj `pL$_¡ î¡›$ `p¡jZ Ap`u_¡ DÑd `|rs® Mpsf_y„ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡. azgh©rÙ : 15 guV$f `pZudp„ 500 N°pd v$¡iu Npe_y„ v$|^ 500 N°pd Np¡de A_¡ 25 N°pd lmv$f Dd¡fu R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u f]NZ, krls_u ipL$cpÆ,L$`pk_p _bmp R>p¡X$ afu s„v$yfõs \ep„ R>¡ A_¡ M|b awg DOX$ép_y„ kprbs \e¡g R>¡. Ap\u Ap âep¡N awgam h©rÙ_p¡ kam âep¡N R>¡. Ly$dmp am_p kX$p_y„ r_e„ÓZ : ipL$cpÆ,amTpX$dp„ awgp¡ Mfu Åe, L|$dmp am-awg kX$u S>sp lp¡e L¡$ `ump \B Mfu S>sp lp¡e sp¡ v$|^u-L$pf¡gp-NgL$p-s|qfep„ `fhm S>¡hp h¡gp hpmp ipL$cpÆdp„ R>p¡X$ v$uW$ 10 N°pd l]N, 10 N°pd AS>dp A_¡ 10 N°pd lmv$f_p¡ DL$pmp¡ `php\u Adpfp `p¡sp_p ipL$cpÆdp„ sfs kX$p¡ AV$L$u Ne¡gp¡ Ap„bp A_¡ AÞe dp¡V$p amTpX$dp„ Ly$dmp am `ump \C_¡ Mfu S>sp lp¡e sp¡ TpX$ qv$W$ 100-100 N°pd l]N-lmv$f-AS>dp_p `phX$f_p¡ DL$pmp¡ 50 guV$f `pZudp„ Dd¡fu `php\u gpc \i¡. eo\u fp¡Ndyr¼s : kyfs_p qL$kp_ A[íh_cpC _pqfep ÓZ hj®\u 12 A¡L$f_p ipL$cpÆdp„ `pep_p Mpsf sfuL¡$ v$¡iu Npe_p R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó _p„M¡ R>¡ A_¡ M¡sfdp„ v$ffp¡S> khpf-kp„S> Ar‚lp¡Ó eo L$f¡ R>¡. v$f fhuhpf¡ A¡L$ L$gpL$_p¡ eo L$f¡ R>¡. L$p¡C S> fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡-S>„sy_piL$ T¡f_p D`ep¡N hNf s¡Ap¡A¡ L$pf¡gp, v$|^u, s|qfep„, NgL$p, L$pL$X$u, f]NZ, c]X$p¡, Qp¡mu, Nyhpf_p `pL$p¡dp„ s¡Ap¡ L$p¡C S> R>„V$L$ph `Z L$fsp _\u dpÓ v$¡iu Npe_p R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó A_¡ eo\u DÐ`pv$_ A_¡ _ap_p¡ QdÐL$pf kS>£g R>¡.

26

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

12. v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj S> î¡›$ Ap e|Ndp„ T¡f, fkpeZp¡, e„Óp¡ A_¡ `[ïQdu `Ùrs_y„ rinZ Apìep„ A¡ kp\¡ A_¡L$ kdõepAp¡ `Z gpìep R>¡. L©$rj n¡Ó¡ Ap kdõepAp¡_p r_hpfZ_p¡ î¡›$ dpN® v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj S> R>¡. c¢kp¡, A¡Q.A¡a. hZ®k„L$f Å_hfp¡_p dm-d|Ó A_¡ dfOp„_u QfL$\u Å¡ kÆh M¡su_p¡ âQpf \i¡ sp¡ L©$rj DÐ`pv$_ Ap¡R>y„ Aphi¡ kp\¡ Apmk, rhQpf_u S>X$sp, ùv$efp¡N, X$peprbV$uk, kp„^p_p fp¡Np¡, dNS>_p fp¡Np¡, L$a-ifv$u-Qfbu S>¡hp A_¡L$ fp¡Np¡-AhNyZp¡ L$f_pfp A¡ Å_hfp¡_p v$|^-Ou-R>pk\u â\d qL$kp__p¡ `qfhpf A_¡ kp\¡ v$¡i_u âÅ_p Apfp¡Áe A_¡ dp_hue d|ëep¡_¡ cpf¡ lpr_ \i¡ S> \i¡. dfOp `pg_\u Ad©s kdp_ v$¡iu Npe_p v$|^-dpMZ-Ou_p õ\p_¡ dp„kplpf ~`u HX$p_p¡ D`ep¡N \i¡. S>¡ Ap k„õL©$rs A_¡ dp_h kæesp rh{Ù R>¡. s¡dS> Ap Å_hfp¡_p R>pZ-d|Ódp„ L©$rj `pL$p¡_¡ f¡qX$ep¡ A¡L$qV$h qL$fZp¡\u bQph_pf õV²$p¡[Þked, s¡dS> L©$rj`pL$p¡dp„ sdpd âL$pf_p¡ kX$p¡ AV$L$ph_pf, DÐ`pv$_ h^pf_pf, v$pZp-buS>_¡ î¡›$ b_ph_pf kyhZ® sÐh _\u. fp¡N_p S>„syAp¡, b¡L$V$¡qfep, hpBfk, awN kpd¡ L©$rj `pL$p¡_¡ fnZ Ap`_pfp AÞe sÐhp¡ `Z _\u. Ap kÐe âep¡Np¡\u M¡X|$sp¡A¡ kprbs L$f¡g R>¡. kyfs_p L©$rj õ_psL$ qL$kp_ A[íh_cpC _pqfepA¡ 12 A¡L$f S>du__u kÆhM¡sudp„ A¡L$ hj® A¡Q.A¡a. Å_hfp¡_p R>prZep Mpsf_p¡ ipL$cpÆ_p `pL$p¡dp„ D`ep¡N L$ep£ sp¡ ÆZu Æhps-Cemp¡_p¡ D`Öh v$|f \sp¡ S> _lp¡sp¡. A¡ `R>u A¡Z¡ v$¡iu Npep¡_p Np¡bf-Np¡d|Ó_p¡ k¡[ÞÖe Mpsf sfuL¡$ D`ep¡N L$fsp r\°àk, Q|kuep, Nmp¡, Cemp¡_p¡ D`Öh OV$u Nep¡. A_¡ khpf-kp„S> M¡sfdp„ eo L$fsp sdpd fp¡Np¡_p¡ D`Öh kv$„sf v$|f \ep¡ A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ b¡ NÏ \B Ney„. cpfs_p FrjAp¡A¡ eop¡_u L$f¡gu ip¡^ L©$rjdp„ `Z L¡$hp QdÐL$pqfL$ `qfZpdp¡ gph_pfu R>¡ A¡ `fd kÐe kdN° cpfs_p M¡X|$sp¡ A_¡ rhíhA¡ kdS>hy„ A_¡ A`_phhy„ Ar_hpe® R>¡. A¡ S> fus¡ hX$p¡v$fp `pk¡_p bphrmep Npd_p„ qL$kp_ â\d hZ®k„L$f A¡Q.A¡a. Å_hfp¡ fpMsp. sp¡ L©$rj A_¡ `qfhpfdp„ fp¡Np¡-rbdpfu L$pedu fl¡sp. h_fpS>tkl¡ Adp{„ Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj `yõsL$ hp„Qu hZ®k„L$f Å_hfp¡ L$pY$u _p„¿ep. 30 v$¡iu Npep¡ `pmu_¡ 30 A¡L$f S>du_dp„ v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj A`_phu_¡ X$p„Nf, syh¡f, ipL$cpÆ hphu_¡ ÓZ NZp¡ _ap¡ L$dpe R>¡. lh¡ `qfhpf fp¡Ndy¼s A_¡ s„v$|fõs R>¡. kp¥fpô²_p A_¡L$ M¡X|$sp¡A¡ âep¡N ~`¡ AX$^p `pL$dp„ c¢k_p R>pZ d|Ó Mpsf sfuL¡$ _p„¿ep A_¡ AX$^p `pL$dp„ v$¡iu Npe_y„ R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó _p„¿ep sp¡ L$`pk, ipL$cpÆ, OpkQpfdp„ v$¡iu Npe\u hph¡gp `pL$_p R>p¡X$_p¡ 25 \u 30 V$L$p h^y rhL$pk \ep¡ A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ v$p¡Yy$„ (50 V$L$p h^y) dþey. s¡dS> v$¡iu Npe_p R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó_p D`ep¡N\u sdpd `pL$p¡dp„ fp¡N-Æhps_u dpÓp A¡L$v$d OV$u NC. ip¡cphX$ Npd_p S>Nv$uicpC hOprkepA¡ Np¡h„i_y„ R>pZuey„ Mpsf, L$X$hp¡ DL$pmp¡, Np¡de, MpV$u R>pi, tlN-AS>dp_p¡ DL$pmp¡ A_¡ ^fpd©s 20 \u 30 V$L$p h^y DÐ`pv$_ kp\¡ S>„sy_piL$ T¡f A_¡ fpkpeZuL$ Mpsf_p b¡ lv$ MQ® bQpìep¡ R>¡. fpkperZ Mpsfp¡\u L©$rj`pL$p¡dp„ Äep„ 7 \u 8 qv$hk¡ r`es Ap`hy„ `X¡$ R>¡, Ðep„ kydfu_p qL$ip¡fcpC `¡Y$X$uep 12 \u 13 qv$hk¡ r`es Ap`u_¡ 20 V$L$p h^y DÐ`pv$_ g¡ R>¡. Ap\u kdN° cpfs v$¡i A_¡ rhïh dpV$¡ v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj S> kp¥\u h^y DÐ`pv$L$, î¡›$ Apfp¡Áev$psp, qv$ìe Æh_v$psp, DÑd h„iv$psp, kd©rÙv$psp A_¡ Æh_dpÓ_u fnL$ î¡›$ âpL©$rsL$ L©$rj R>¡. v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p¡ Ap rhQpf A„rsd A_¡ `|Z® op_ _\u. dpÓ kam rhQpf buS> R>¡. qL$kp_p¡-L©$rj sS>op¡A¡ Ap dpN£ Qpgu_¡ r_f„sf _hp k„ip¡^_p¡ L$fu_¡ Ap L©$rjepÓp, Æh_epÓp A_¡ rhL$pk epÓp_¡ r_f„sf ApNm gB S>hp_u R>¡. op_ A_„s R>¡.A¡\u L$d®-L$mp A_¡ kS>®_ r_f„sf _|s_ R>¡. r_f„sf _hy„ tQs_, k„ip¡^_, kÐL$d® A_¡ kS>®_ S>¡ Æh_ A_¡ S>Ns_u kpQu Dо$p„rs R>¡.

27

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

13. Npe Ap^qfs L©$rj_p apev$p S|>_pNY$ rS>‰p_p ÅdL$p\u Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p¡ âpf„c L$ep® `R>u 12 hj®_p NyS>fps_p 200\u h^y Npdp¡dp„ s¡_p âep¡Np¡ kam \ep„ R>¡. dNamu, sg, L$`pk, syh¡f, A¡f„X$p, i¡fX$u, OJ, X$p„Nf, bpS>fu, Sy>hpf, dL$pC, fS>L$p¡, tTThp¡, Opk rhN¡f¡ gugp¡Qpfp¡, Xy$„Nmu, gkZ, buV$, NpS>f, d|mp, i½$qfep. ipL$cpÆdp„ f]NZ, V$d¡V$p, c]X$p¡, Nyhpf, v$|^u, NgL$p, syqfep, L$pf¡gp, sp„v$mÅ¡, d¡\u A_¡ `pgM. Æ~, ^pZp, fpeX$p¡, lmv$f S>¡hp dkpgp, QZp, dN, AX$v$, hV$pZp, hpg S>¡hp L$W$p¡m. L¡$fu, QuLy$, ``¥ep, L¡$mp, _prme¡f, Apdmp, kuspam S>¡hp amTpX$ A_¡ Nygpb_p azg S>¡hp `pL$p¡dp„ kamsp dmu R>¡. apev$p : 1. kfpkfu 20\u 30 V$L$p DÐ`pv$_ h©rÙ \pe R>¡. OZp `pL$p¡dp„ 50\u 100 V$L$p DÐ`pv$_ h©rÙ \B R>¡. 2. Ars dp¢Op A_¡ Æhg¡Z T¡f-fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡_p L$dfsp¡X$ MQp® bQ¡ R>¡. 3. tkQpC_p `pZudp„ 20\u 30 V$L$p bQs \pe R>¡. rb_r`es S>du_dp„ Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj Ar_hpe® S> _l] afÆeps R>¡. L¡$dL¡$ r`es S>du_ L$fsp rb_r`es S>du_dp„ fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡\u `pZu_u M¢Q M|b S> h^u Åe R>¡. S>du_ S>ëv$u b„S>f-_L$pdu \B Åe R>¡. 4. S>¡ S>du_dp„ A¡L$ `Z Amrkey„ Å¡hp _lp¡sy„ dmsy A¡ S>du_dp„ ârs Qp¡fk awV$¡ 5\u 10 Amrkep ÅdL$pdp„ \ep„ R>¡. fpÓu_u W$„X$udp„ Amrkep S>du_dp„ D`f _uQ¡ \B M¡sfdp„ Ak„¿e L$pZp `pX¡$ R>¡. A¡\u dpV$u_¡ sp¡ ky`pÃe b_ph¡ R>¡. kp\¡ L©$rj`pL$_p dym_¡ Ap¡L$rkS>_ dm¡ R>¡, S>du_ `p¡Qu \pe R>¡ A_¡ hfkpv$_y„ `pZu h^y âdpZdp„ S>du_dp„ Dsf¡ R>¡. Ap\u Ahíe DÐ`pv$_ h^¡ R>¡. 5. L©$rj `pL$p¡_¡ D`ep¡Nu b¡L$V$¡qfep_u k„¿ep Ak„¿e NZu h^¡ R>¡. S>¡ S>du__p `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡_¡ h_õ`rs Qyku iL¡$ A¡hp õh~`dp„ a¡fh¡ R>¡ A_¡ `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡_¡ d|mky^u M¢Qu gph¡ R>¡. A¡\u DÐ`pv$_ h^¡ S> R>¡. Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj\u S>du_dp„ L©$rj D`ep¡Nu b¡L$V$¡qfep_u k„¿ep h^hp\u hfkpv$ hMs¡ A_¡ kyL$u S>du_dp„ r`es Ap`uA¡ Ðepf¡ dpV$u_u kyN„^ M|b Aph¡ R>¡. T¡f-fkpeZp¡\u S>du_dp„ b¡L$V$¡qfep dfu S>hp\u Aphu S>du_dp„ hfkpv$ hMs¡ kph d„v$ kyN„^ Aph¡ R>¡ Ap Adp{„ Ås kh£ R>¡. 6.

sdpd A_pS>, s¡gurbep, L$W$p¡m, dkpgp, ipL$cpÆ, amp¡ M|b õhpqv$ô, kyN„^u A_¡ âpZir¼s v$psp `pL¡$ R>¡. Aphy„ T¡fdy¼s A_¡ âpZir¼sv$psp Aß S> dp_h_p¡ kpQp¡ Aplpf R>¡. Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p Nygpb rhN¡f¡ awgp¡ Myb dp¡V$p, ky„v$f \pe R>¡ A_¡ Ap azgp¡dp„ fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡\u DNpX¡$g awgp¡ L$fsp b¡ \u ÓZ NZu kyN„^ lp¡e R>¡, v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p Qpfpdp„ duW$pi A_¡ Ly$v$fsu kyN„^ `|Z® lp¡e R>¡. A¡\u Np¡h„i A_¡ sdpd âpZuAp¡„ Ap Qpfp¡ lp¢i\u Mpe R>¡.Ap¡NW$ L$pY$sp _\u Aphp T¡fdy¼s A_¡ `p¡jL$ Qpfp\u dm¡gy„ v$|^ S> `|Z® `p¡jL$ A_¡ Apfp¡Áev$psp lp¡e R>¡ Ap Qpfp\u dm¡g `„QNìe Npe_p v$|^ OuR>pk Np¡d|Ó Np¡bf Ad©s kdp_ lp¡e R>¡. R>pZNp¡d|Ódp„ `p¡jL$sÐh `|fsp lp¡hp\u A¡ Mpsf sfuL¡$ `Z î¡›$ R>¡. S>¡\u S>du__u amÖº`sp DÑfp¡Ñf h^¡ R>¡.

7.

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_u S>du__¡ `nuAp¡ -d^dpMu `Z `pfMu g¡ R>¡. L©$rj`pL$p¡_u Cemp¡ MpC S>_pfp h¥ep, QL$guAp¡, bygbyg, L$pmuL$p¡iu rhN¡f¡ `nuAp¡ Ap S>du_dp„ h^y Aph¡ R>¡, A_¡ Cem awv$p MpC L©$rj`pL$p¡_y„ fnZ

28

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

L$f¡ R>¡. ÅdL$p `fjp¡sdcpB kuv$`fp_u Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rjdp„ R>¡‰p„ ApW$ hj®\u hjp®Fsy_p âpf„c `l¡gp `p„Q\u v$i lÅf kyNfuAp¡ fp¡S> kp„S>¡ fpshpkp¡ L$fhp Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ khpf¡ S>su fl¡ R>¡. Ap kyNfuAp¡„ `Z dpÓ fpshpkp¡ L$fhp T¡f-fkpeZ hNf_u ^fsu `k„v$ L$f¡ R>¡, A¡S> fus¡ L©$rj`pL$p¡dp„ argr_L$fZ_p Ap^pf~` d^dpMuAp¡„ fk Qykhp Ap S>du__p azgp¡_u â\d `k„v$Nu L$f¡ R>¡, kyNfu A_¡ d^dpMu S>¡V$gu kdS>Z dpZkdp„ ¼epf¡ Aphi¡ ? rhíh_u dp_hÅrs_¡ T¡f-fkpeZp¡_u cep_L$sp kdS>hp Ad¡ Ås¡ A_ych¡gy„ Ap A¡L$ Dv$plfZ `ep®á R>¡. 8.

v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj\u S>du__u amÖº`sp DÑfp¡Ñf h^¡ R>¡. S>¡ S>du__¡ AdyL$ `pL$p¡ A_yLy$m _ lp¡hp\u DÐ`pv$_ _lp¡sy„ dmsy„ L¡$ R>p¡X$_p¡ rhL$pk S> _lp¡sp¡ \sp¡ L¡$ R>p¡X$ DÁep `R>u Dcp kyL$pC S>sp A¡hu S>du_dp„ ÓZ hj® v$¡iu Npe_p R>pZ Np¡d|Ó _p„¿ep `R>u _ rhL$ksp `pL$p¡dp„ î¡›$ DÐ`pv$_ dþey„ R>¡, ÅdL$pdp„ `fjp¡ÑdcpC_u S>du_dp„ gkZ \sy„ _lp¡sy„ Ðep„ lh¡ fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡-S>„sy_piL$ T¡f_p b¡apd MQp® L$f_pfp M¡X|$s L$fsp 25\u 50 V$L$p h^y DÐ`pv$_ v$f hj£ dm¡ R>¡. î¡›$ `pL$_p cph `Z h^y dm¡ R>¡. Apd v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj\u S>du__y„ d|mc|s b„^pfZ î¡›$ b_u Åe R>¡.

9.

Npe_p R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó\u `L$ph¡g A_pS>, s¡gurbep, L$W$p¡m, am, ipL$cpÆ, dkpgp, Ap¥jr^e `pL$p¡_p buS>_u s„v$|fõsu A_¡ A„Ly$fZir¼s î¡›$ lp¡e R>¡. A¡\u v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj\u `pL¡$g rbepfZ hph¡sf dpV$¡ kp¥\u î¡›$ R>¡.

10. ApS>¡ fpkperZL$ Msfp¡-S>„sy_piL$ T¡f_u cep_L$sp NpdX$p-il¡fp¡_p gp¡L$p¡_¡ kdÅsp v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj\u DÐ`ß L$f¡g A_pS>, s¡g, L$W$p¡m, dkpgp, Ap¥j^_p cph h^y dmsp L©$rjdp„ _ap¡ h^¡ R>¡. 11. qL$kp_ `qfhpf_¡ î¡›$ âpZir¼s v$psp, Apfp¡Áe v$psp, î¡›$ õhpqv$ô A_¡ kyN„^u A_pS>, s¡g, L$W$p¡m, dkpgp, ipL$cpÆ, amp¡, Mphp dm¡ R>¡. Ad©s kdp_ v$¡iu Npe_p v$|^-dpMZ-Ou-R>pk dm¡ R>¡. Aphp Ad©s kdp_ qv$ìe Aplpf_y„ `¥kp\u d|ëe Ap„L$hy„ Ak„ch R>¡. Aphp¡ Ad©s kdp_ Aplpf, ìek_dyr¼s, Apr\®L$ õhphg„b_ A_¡ `qfhpf\u gB Npddp„ kp[ÐhL$ klÆh_ lp¡e Ðep„ `©Õhu S> õhN® R>¡. lp¡ !

29

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

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ÅdL$p

S|>_pNY$

C.k. 2004

2

lufÆcpC c]NfpqX$ep dp¡. 93275 72297 qL$ip¡fcpC `¡Y$X$uep dp¡. 99254 10324 d_p¡S>cpC kp¡g„L$u dp¡. 98254 28100 Q„v$ycpC bpf¥ep dp¡. 97234 92659 h_fpS>tkl Qp¥lpZ dp¡. 95863 39266 A[ïh_cpC _pqfep dp¡. 98242 97255 S>Nv$uicpC hOprkep dp¡. 90160 83695

dpg`fp

NY$X$p/ cph_Nf

C.k. 2005

kydfu

Åd_Nf

C.k. 2010

Ly$L$dp

cyS>/ L$ÃR>

C.k. 2005

`u`fgp

smpÅ/cph_Nf

C.k. 2008

dNamu, sg, OJ, gkZ, i¡fX$u, NpS>f, ^pZp, sdpd âL$pf_p¡ gugp¡Qpfp¡ QuLy$, Apdmp, L$`pk, OJ, dNamu, sg L$`pk, dNamu, OJ, QZp, ^pZp, dfQp, Æê$ A¡f„X$p, dNamu, OJ, ipL$cpÆ, Mpf¡L$, OpkQpfp¡ L$`pk, L¡$mp, OJ, f]NZ,

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

V$d¡V$p, dfQp dNamu, gugp¡Qpfp¡

bphrmep

rk_p¡f/ hX$p¡v$fp

C.k. 2011

kyfs

kyfs

C.k. 2012

ip¡cphX$

smpÅ/cph_Nf

C.k. 2012

X$p„Nf, c]X$p¡, f]NZ, V$d¡V$p, syh¡f L$pf¡gp, v$|^u, syqfep, NgL$p, L$pL$X$u c]X$p¡ AÞe ipL$cpÆ i¡fX$u, L$`pk, Xy„$Nmu, dNamu OJ, bpS>fu, ipL$cpÆ

v$¡iu Npe A_¡ v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p âQpf A_¡ âkpfdp„ Æh_kd®`Z L$f_pf Adpfp AÅ¡X$ L$d®k„Np\uAp¡. 1. îu âazgcpC k¢S>rgep - dy„. dp¡V$p dp„X$hX$p, sp.Æ. Adf¡gu. dp¡. 94264 57324 2. îu gpgÆcpC kphrgep, dy. kyfs, Æ-24, kpf\u L$p¡çàg¡n, X$p¡¼V$f lpDk, lufpbpN hfpR>p fp¡X$, dp¡. 96380 00066 Adpfy„ kprlÐe A_¡ Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p âQpfL$ Adpfp AÅ¡X$ L$d®k„Np\u. 1. qv$_¡icpC V$ughp- L$p¡ÞV$¡L$ A¡X$, 7/11 cr¼s_Nf, õV$¡i_ àgp¡V$, fpS>L$p¡V$-2 dp¡. 94272 70271 ap¡_. 0281-2461142 v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj_p âQpfL$ rdÓ : îu cfscpC `fkpZp, dp¡. 97263 99699, âip„s L$põL¡$V$, hphX$u,fpS>L$p¡V$

30

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

15. v$¡iu rbepfZp¡_y„ S>s_. âL©$rs A_¡ `fdpÐdpA¡ Sy>v$p Sy>v$p âv$¡i_u S>du_ A_¡ S>ghpey(lhpdp_) âdpZ¡ A_pS>, s¡rgrbep, L$W$p¡m, dkpgp, L„$v$, ipL$cpÆ, amp¡, i¡fX$u, Ap¥jr^e `pL$p¡, awgp¡, OpkQpfp¡, h¡gpAp¡ A_¡ Cdpfsu gpL$X$p_y„ kS>®_ L$ey¯ R>¡. `p¡sp_p âv$¡i_p õ\pr_L$ rbepfZ_¡ gp¡L$p¡ v$¡iu rbepfZ sfuL¡$ Ap¡mM¡ R>¡. v$¡iu rbepfZ_p Adpfp ds¡ `p„Q dy¿e NyZ^d® lp¡e R>¡. 1. v$¡iu rbepfZp¡ `p¡sp_u c|rddp„ dlÑd DÐ`pv$_ Ap`¡ R>¡. 2. v$¡iu rbepfZ `p¡sp_p âv$¡idp„ Aphsu Æhps-fp¡Np¡ A_¡ lhpdp__u ârsLy$m [õ\rsdp„ V$L$hp_u dlÑd ndsp ^fphsp lp¡e R>¡. v$¡iu rbepfZdp„ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p fp¡Np¡ Aph¡ R>¡. 3. v$¡iu rbepfZp¡ `p¡sp_p âv$¡idp„ `©Õhu_p A„s ky^u `p¡sp_y„ A[õsÐh V$L$phhp_u ndsp ^fphsp lp¡e R>¡. 4. v$¡iu rbepfZ_p Ly$v$fsu NyZ^dp£ `p¡sp_u S>du_dp„ ¼epf¡e bv$gpsp _\u. d|m [õ\rsdp„ S> S>mhpC fl¡ R>¡. 5. v$¡iu rbepfZp¡\u `pL¡$gp„ A_pS>, s¡rgrbep, L$W$p¡m, L„$v$, dkpgp, amp¡, ipL$cpÆ, OpkQpfp¡ A_¡ Ap¥j^p¡ A¡ c|rd_p dp_hp¡, Np¡h„i, `pgsy„, âpZuAp¡ A_¡ AÞe Æhp¡ dpV$¡ kp¥\u h^y Apfp¡Áev$psp A_¡ âpZir¼s v$psp lp¡e R>¡. `p¡sp_u c|rd_p Ap¥j^p¡ fp¡Ndyr¼s dpV$¡ î¡›$ lp¡e R>¡. A_¡ `p¡sp_u c|rd_y„ Bdpfsu gpL$Xy$„ A¡ âv$¡i_p hpsphfZdp„ kp¥\u h^y V$L$pD lp¡e R>¡. Ap\u `p¡sp_p âv$¡i_p v$¡iu rbepfZp¡ dp_h A_¡ fpô² dpV$¡ kp¥\u A_dp¡g Ly$v$fsu k„`rÑ R>¡. Aphu A_dp¡g v$¡iu h_õ`rsAp¡_y„ S>s_, k„h^®_ A_¡ rhõsfZ A¡ dp_h_p¡ âL©$rs^d® R>¡. A_¡ S>Ns_p kS>®_lpf_p¡ kp¥\u `pep_p¡ ^d® R>¡. Ap\u M¡X|$sp¡ A_¡ sdpd gp¡L$p¡A¡ `p¡sp_p âv$¡i_p DÑd Års_p v$¡iu OJ, Qp¡Mp, bpS>fu, Sy>hpf, dL$pC S>¡hp A_pS>_u DÑd v$¡iu Åsp¡. _pNgu, kpdp¡, fpS>Nfp¡, fpNu S>¡hp lgL$p ^p_, sg, dNamu, k|e®dyMu, fpeX$p¡, kp¡epbu_, _prme¡f S>¡hp s¡gurbep_u DÑd v$¡iu Åsp¡. QZp, dN, dW$, AX$v$, syh¡f, hpg, hV$pZp, Qp¡mu, hpgp¡m, L$m\u S>¡hp L$W$p¡m_u DÑd v$¡iu Åsp¡. Åshp_ v$¡iu L¡$fu, v$¡iu ``¥ep, Åshp_ duW$u Mpf¡L$, v$¡iu gpg-ka¡v$ Ådam_u DÑd Åsp¡, v$¡iu Apdmp, Ddfp_ bp¡f, v$¡iu L$pNv$u g]by S>¡hp d|ëehp_ amp¡_u v$¡iu Åsp¡. v$¡iu f]NZ_u A_¡L$ DÑd Åsp¡, `umu tiN_p¡ v$¡iu c]X$p¡, v$¡iu Nyhpf A_¡ L$p¡my, v$|^u `fhm, NgL$p, s|qfep„, L$pf¡gp, L„$V$p¡gp_u DÑd v$¡iu Åsp¡. v$¡iu k|fZ, v$¡iu ka¡v$ Vy$L$X$u i½$qfep„, v$¡iu NpS>f, gpg ap¡sfu_y„ v$¡iu gkZ, gpg-`umu-ka¡v$ Xy$„Nmu_u v$¡iu Åsp¡. õhpv$dp„ suMp v$¡iu d|mp Ap„L$phpmp kyN„^u dp¡V$p v$¡iu V$d¡V$p, MpV$u-duW$u v$¡iu TuZu V$d¡V$u, gpg `p__p¡ sp„v$gÅ¡, v$¡iu dfQp_u DÑd Åsp¡ A_¡ AÞe rhrh^ v$¡iu ipL$cpÆ_u DÑd Åsp¡. TuZp v$pZp_u v$¡iu ^pZu, v$¡iu Æ~, v$¡iu lmv$f-Apv$y-fpC-d¡\u-awv$u_p¡ S>¡hp dkpgp. v$¡iu fS>L$p¡-Qpfp_u Sy>hpf, dL$pC, tTThp¡ rhN¡f¡ DÑd OpkQpfp¡, v$¡iu ka¡v$, dp¡fk, gpg A_¡ L$pmu i¡fX$u_u DÑd Åsp¡. v$¡iu gpg A_¡ Nygpbu Nygpb. MfMp¡X$u, isphfu S>¡hp Ad|ëe Ap¥j^ue h¡gpAp¡_u Åsp¡. v$¡iu sS>-gh]N-A¡gQu-Åeam S>¡hp s¡Å_p_u DÑd Åsp¡. `p¡sp_p âv$¡idp„ `f„`fpNs \su DÑd Åsp¡ _¡ ip¡^u ip¡^u_¡ s¡_y„ `p¡sp_p M¡sfdp„ A_¡ i¡Y$¡ l„d¡ip hph¡sf L$fhy„. N°pdS>_p¡_¡, kdpS>_¡, rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_u _hu `¡Y$u_¡ v$¡iu rbepfZp¡_y„ d|ëe, D`ep¡rNsp, hph¡sf, DR>¡f A_¡ ÅmhZu_y„ op_ Ap`hy„. kp¡_¡ hph¡sf dpV$¡ DÑd v$¡iu rbepfZp¡ Ap`hp A¡ dlp Aßv$p_ A_¡ î¡›$ Apfp¡Áev$psp R>¡. Ap\u âL©$rs A_¡ `fdpÐdp_¡ kdr`®s L$f¡gp¡ kp¥\u dlpeo R>¡. v$¡iu rbepfZ_y„ S>s_, k„h^®_ A_¡ rhõsfZ A¡ î¡›$ âL©$rs^d®, fpô²^d® A_¡ S>Ns_p kS>®_lpf_p¡ kÐe-k_ps_ ^d® R>¡. rhv$¡iu L„$`_uAp¡_p fhpX¡$ QY$u_¡ lpCb°uX$_p _pd¡ kdN° cpfsdp„ v$¡iu rbepfZp¡_u D`¡np L$fhpdp„ Aphu. S>¡\u v$f¡L$ h_õ`rs_u Ak„¿e DÑd Åsp¡ gyá \B NC. dpfp kp¡fW$ âv$¡idp„ L¡$kf L¡$fu_p `pNg`_dp„ L¡$kf\u A_¡L$ NZu õhpqv$ô-kyN„^u

31

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

A_¡ NyZL$pfu v$¡iu Ap„bp_u Åsp¡ gyá \B NC, A¡ _p_`Zdp„ _S>f¡ Å¡ey„ R>¡. Aphy„ v$f¡L$ L©$rj `pL$p¡dp„ \ey„ R>¡. lpCb°uX$_p `pNg`_dp„ L$l¡hpsp h¥op_uL$p¡A¡ A_¡ hZ®k„L$f rbepfZp¡ h¡Qsu L„$`_uAp¡A¡ M¡X|$sp¡_¡ ggQphu_¡-cfdphu_¡ fpô²-âL©$rs`fdpÐdp_p¡ Ançe A`fp^ L$ep£ R>¡. Ap\u lh¡ ÅNuA¡. L©$rj`pL$p¡, OpkQpfp¡, Ap¥j^, am-awg, Cdpfsu gpL$Xy$„ S>¡hu sdpd D`ep¡Nu h_õ`rsAp¡_u DÑd Åsp¡_p fnZ-k„h^®_-rhõsfZ_¡ âL©$rs^d® A_¡ fpô²^d® sfuL¡$ A`_phu Adg L$fuA¡. S>Ns_p L©$rj rhop__y„ v$preÐh : 1. Åshp_ v$¡iu rbepfZp¡_y„ d|ëe kdÆ_¡ v$¡i A_¡ rhíh_u sdpd L©$rj eyr_hrk®V$uAp¡A¡ `p¡sp_p n¡Ó_p DÑd v$¡iu rbepfZp¡_p¡ kyfnp-k„h^®_ rhcpN õ\p`hp¡. M¡X|$sp¡-gp¡L$p¡_¡ fpls v$f¡ DÑd Års_p k„`|Z® iyÙ v$¡iu rbepfZp¡ Ap`hp. Ap L$pe® î¡›$ L©$rj^d® A_¡ fpô²^d® R>¡. 2. fp¡N S> _ Aph¡ L¡$ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p fp¡Np¡ Aph¡ A¡hu Åsp¡ S>r__ ~`p„sfZ hNf Ly$v$fsu arg_uL$fZ `Ùrs\u rhL$kphhu. rkg¡L$i_ `Ùrs DÑd Åsp¡ ip¡^hu. 3. Apeyh£v$ `Ùrs_¡ L©$rjdp„ kpd¡g L$fu_¡ T¡f hNf âpL©$rsL$ `v$p\p£\u fp¡Nr_e„ÓZL$p¡ ip¡^hp. 4. âL©$rs S> ipíhs-k_ps_ A_¡ kÐe R>¡. âpL©$rsL$ L©$rj_¡ S> d|gp^pf sfuL¡$ õhuL$pfu _hp k„ip¡^_p¡ âep¡Np¡ L$fhp. A_¡ A¡ kam âep¡Np¡ v$¡i_p v$f¡L$ M¡sf¡ gB S>hp. 5. bmv$\u Qpgsp L©$rj kp^_p¡_p k„ip¡^__p¡ v$f¡L$ L©$rj eyr_hrk®V$udp„ kdph¡i L$fu_¡ bmv$ Üpfp L©$rj A_¡ cpfhl__¡ kfm, TX$`u_¡ kõsp b_phhp. v S>epf¡ cpfs_p NpdX$p„ kd©rÙ_p L¡$ÞÖp¡ b_i¡. Ðepf¡ S> cpfs kyhZ®c|rd fpô² b_i¡. v ipkL$p¡, kp^yAp¡, v$pspAp¡ A_¡ kdpS>k¡hL$p¡A¡ `p¡sp_p Ald, õhp\®, kÑp L$urs® dpV$¡ âÅ_u CÃR>pir¼s, k„L$ë`ir¼s, îdir¼s, ip¥e®, õhprcdp_ A_¡ kS>®_ir¼s dfu Åe A¡hu L$p¡C Ål¡fpsp¡ L¡$ k¡hp ¼epf¡e _ L$fhu. L¡$dL¡$ D`f_p dp_hue d|ëep¡ S> dp_h\u gC fpô²_¡ spf¡ R>¡. l¡ cpfshpkuAp¡, sdpfp dp_hue d|ëep¡dp„ âpZaw„L$p¡ sd¡ âpZhp_ b_p¡. sdpfp lp\¡ S> Apbpv$ \ip¡ A_¡ cpfs kyhZ®c|rd fpô² b_i¡.

16. T¡fdy¼s-âpZhp_ Æ„v$Nu âL©$rs_p âpZuAp¡-`nuAp¡ `p¡sp_p Apeyóe_p¡ 10\u 20 V$L$p cpN S> h©ÙÐh cp¡Nh¡ R>¡. v$p.s. tkl, Npe, bmv$_y„ Apeyóe 15\u 20 hj® R>¡ s¡dp„ A¡ `pR>m_p b¡\u Qpf hj® S> h©Ù v$¡Mpe R>¡. Aphy„ S> h_õ`rs S>Ns_y„ R>¡. dp_h_¡ Ly$v$fs¡ 100 hj®_y„ klS> Apeyóe Ap`¡g R>¡. Ap\u dp_h 75 hj® eyh_ A_¡ `|Z® L$pe®nd fl¡, s¡_u ipfuqfL$ ir¼s, dp_rkL$ ir¼s byrÙir¼s, L$pdir¼s A_¡ fp¡NârsL$pf ir¼s S>mhpC fl¡ A¡ S> kpQy âpL©$rsL$ Æh_ R>¡. 75 hj® `l¡gp„ Air¼s, fp¡N L¡$ d©Ðey Aph¡ s¡dp„ dp_h_y„ Aplpf-rhlpf_y„ Aop_,cp¡Nh©rÑ A_¡ Aplpf-`pZu-lhp_y„ T¡f S> S>hpbv$pf R>¡. 100 hj®_u âpZhp_ Æ„v$Nu_p `Ngp„ : 1.

Ap„NZ¡ Åshp_-v$|^pm v$¡iu Npe `pmu_¡ `qfhpfdp„ l„d¡ip v$¡iu Npe_p spÅ v$|^-dpMZ-Ou-R>pk_p¡ Aplpf g¡hp¡. qv$L$fp-qv$L$fuAp¡_¡ Np¡`pg_-Np¡v$p¡l_ Np¡k„h^®_ k„õL$pf AQ|L$ Ap`hp. Ap k„õL$pf\u S> Ap„NZ¡ Npe_y„ A[õsÐh fl¡i¡. Npe\u `qfhpfdp„ Apfp¡Áe, âpZir¼s A_¡ DÑd h„i S>mhpi¡. S>¡_p Ap^pf¡ S> `qfhpf, k„õL©$rs A_¡ fpô²_u kd©rÙ A_¡ kyfnp R>¡.

32

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

2.

fp¡S> khpf¡ b°pûdylŸs®dp„ (k|ep£v$e `l¡gp„ v$p¡Y$ L$gpL$) AQ|L$ DW$hy„ Apeyh£v$_p F>rjAp¡ L¡$ S>¡Ap¡ dlp_ h¥opr_L$p¡ lsp. s¡Ap¡_p¡ õ`ô ds R>¡ L¡$ cpfs_p F>syQ¾$dp„ k|ep£v$e `R>u DW$¡ s¡_y„ Apfp¡Áe ¼epf¡e kp{„ _ fl¡. khpf¡ DW$u_¡ 200\u 500 lº„apmy N°pd `pZu `uhy„. S>¡_¡ L$bÆeps_u-r`Ñ_u âL©$rs lp¡e s¡Z¡ `pZu kp\¡ 50\u 100 N°pd spS|> Np¡d|Ó A\hp `\u 7 N°pd lfX¡$ L¡$ rÓamp Q|Z® L$pedu-ApÆh_ g¡hy„. S>¡\u `¡V$ kpa fl¡ A_¡ fp¡Np¡ S> _ \pe. b`p¡f¡ 10\u 15 rd_uV$ hpdLy$nu L$fhu. `Z A¡\u h^pf¡ b`p¡f¡ ¼epf¡e kyhy„ _l]. fpÓ¡ 10 hpÁep ky^udp„ AQ|L$ kyC S>hy„.

3.

fp¡S> khpf¡ gudX$p¡, L$f„S>, hX$_u hX$hpC, bphm,M¡f, MpMfp¡, Ap„bp¡, bp¡fk‰u, `u`mp¡ L¡$ `u`m_u X$pmu_y„ v$p„sZ L$fhy„. v$p„s_¡ S>¡V$gu kapC_u S ê$f R>¡, A¡V$gu S> L$kfs_u S ê$f R>¡ S>¡ b°idp k„ch S> _\u. L$p¡gN¡V$ S>¡hu L¡$rdL$ghpmu `¡õV$p¡\u v$p„s_u kyfnp \su S> _\u. 40 hj® ky^udp„ b°i kp\¡ L¡$rdL$gp¡ hpmu `¡õV$ L$f_pfp 95 V$L$p gp¡L$p¡_p v$p„s v$¡i A_¡ rhïhdp„ kX$u Nep R>¡. v$p„s_¡ A„v$f\u kpa _ L$fhp\u v$p„s kX$u Åe R>¡. Ap\u khpf¡ v$p„sZ\u 32 v$p„s_¡ r_fp„s¡ A„v$fblpf ìeh[õ\s kpa L$fu_¡ S> kyhy„. ¼epf¡L$ v$psZ D`gå^ _ lp¡e sp¡ Apeyh£qv$L$ A_¡ s¡dp„e Npe_p R>pZ_u fpMdp„\u b_ph¡g v$„sd„S>_\u v$p„s kpa L$fhp. v$p„sZ_u D`gå^u A_¡ õhphg„b_ dpV$¡ Of, Npd, hpX$udp„ v$p„sZ_p h©np¡ hphu_¡ DR>¡fhp. fpÓ¡ kysu hMs¡ b„_¡ bpS|> duWy$„ Qphu, Ap„Nmu\u A„v$f-blpf ìeh[õ\s v$p„s kpa L$fhp. sp¡ A_¡ sp¡ S> ApÆh_ v$p„s kyfrns fl¡i¡. A_¡ dp¡Y$p_u v$yN®^\u dy¼s flu iL$pi¡. A¡L$ gh]N kl¡S> Qphu dp¡Y$pdp„ fpMu_¡ kyhp\u ApÆh_ v$p„s_u kyfnp fl¡ R>¡. A_¡ ¼epf¡e dp¡Y$pdp„ v$yN¯^ Aphsu _\u. s¡dS> S>¡_¡ D^fk_p¡ âí_ lp¡e s¡_¡ D^fk `Z Aphsu _\u. Ap\u Ap r_edp¡ v$f¡L$ d_yóeA¡ AQ|L$ `pmhp.

4.

S>¡_¡ cpf¡ `qfîd _ lp¡e s¡Z¡ fp¡S> khpf¡ A¡L$ L$gpL$ ep¡N-L$kfs AQ|L$ L$fhp. fp¡S> khpf¡ A_¡ kysu hMs¡ 100 gp„bp ïhpk \pL$ Dspf¡ R>¡, ifuf_¡ iyÙ L$f¡ R>¡, âpZir¼s Ap`¡ R>¡, khpf¡ spS>Nu A_¡ fpÓ¡ sfs JO Aph¡ R>¡.

5.

khpf_y„ cp¡S>_ : fp¡V$gp, fp¡V$gu, cpMfu kp\¡ spSy>„ v$|^, dpMZ, Ou, âpZir¼s v$psp Aplpf R>¡. v$|^_p õ\p_¡ v$l]R>pk `Z DÑd R>¡. khpf¡ v$l]-R>pk g¡hp\u Ap„sfX$p ApÆh_ eyhp_ fl¡ R>¡. Ap\u khpf¡ v$l]-R>pk Ad©s k„Æh_u R>¡. v$l]-R>pk kp\¡ sdpd âL$pf_p spÅ amp¡ gB iL$pe. S>¡_¡ `qfîd _\u L¡$ dp¡V$u Jdf R>¡ s¡_¡ dpÓ v$|^ A\hp amp¡ L¡$ amp¡_p¡ fk, i¡fX$u, spÆ R>pk `Z Apfp¡Áev$psp A_¡ âpZir¼sv$psp R>¡. bpmL$p¡, eyhp_p¡ A_¡ `qfîd L$f_pfp gp¡L$p¡_¡ khpf¡ Npe_p Ou-Np¡m_u duW$pC, sg, MS|>f, kyL$p¡d¡hp¡, bpau_¡ hOpf¡gp QZp î¡›$ `p¡jL$ A_¡ âpZir¼sv$psp `v$p\p£ R>¡. kp„S>¡ Nfd `pZudp„ `gpm¡gp QZp, dN, dW$_¡ khpf¡ bfpbf bpau_¡-hOpfu_¡ s¡_u kp\¡ v$l]-R>pk `Z M|b`p¡jL$-õhpqv$ô Aplpf R>¡. TpX$`f `pL¡$gp„ amp¡dp„ kp¥\u î¡›$ âpZi[¼s, õhpv,$ kyN„^ lp¡e R>¡. sfs_p sp¡X¡$gp ipL$cpÆ_y„ fp„^¡gy„ ipL$ DÑd `p¡jL,$ õhpqv$ô$ A_¡ ky`pÃe lp¡e R>¡.

6.

b`p¡f_y„ cp¡S>_ : b`p¡f_p cp¡S>_dp„ `p¡sp_p âv$¡idp„ `f„`fpNs g¡hpsp Aplpf kp\¡ Npe_u R>pk DÑd R>¡. `Qhpdp„ cpf¡ A¡hp sdpd âL$pf_p L$W$p¡m, Qp¡mu Nyhpf, c]X$p¡, bV$pV$p, iL$qfep, Y$p¡L$mu A_¡ V$d¡V$p S>¡hp MV$pi hpmp ipL$ l„d¡ip khpf¡-b`p¡f¡ Mphp S> rlsphl R>¡.

7.

kp„S>_y„ cp¡S>_ : kp„S>_y„ cp¡S>_ k|ep®õs `l¡gp„ g¡hy„. R>sp„ cZsf-DÛp¡N-^„^p_u S>hpbv$pfu L¡$ dykpafudp„ A¡ i¼e _ b_¡ sp¡ k|ep®õs `R>u S>¡V$gy„ hl¡gy„ cp¡S>_ gB iL$pe A¡V$gy„ hl¡gy„ cp¡S>_ g¡hy„. kp„S>_p cp¡S>_dp„ `Qhpdp„ cpf¡ `v$p\p£ A_¡ MV$pi ¼epf¡e _ g¡hp. Apeyh£v$dp„ k|ep®õs `R>u sdpd âL$f_u MV$pi g¡hp_p¡ r_j¡^ R>¡. Ap\u kp„S>¡ MV$pi A_¡ v$l]-R>pk `Z M|b lpr_L$pfL$ R>¡. S>¡_p\u L$a-ifv$u-D^fk, A¡kuX$uV$u, kp„^p_p fp¡Np¡ A_¡ QpdX$u_p v$v$p£ \pe R>¡. kp„S>_p cp¡S>_dp„ bpS>fu-Sy>hpf-dL$pC_p fp¡V$gp kp\¡ dpÓ v$|^ kp¥\u î¡›$ cp¡S>_ R>¡. ipL$_u S>ê$qfeps S>Zpe sp¡ sp„v$mÅ¡, `pgM, d¡\u S>¡hu cpÆ, A_¡ `Qhpdp„ kfm A¡hp h¡gp hpmp ipL$ v$|^u, NgL$p, s|qfep, L„$V$p¡gp, L$pf¡gp, L$p¡my, kyfZ_y„ ipL$ g¡hy„.

33

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

8.

d|kpafu L¡$ AÞe L$pfZkf kp„S>_p cp¡S>_dp„ k|ep®õs `R>u b¡ L$gpL$ rhsu Åe sp¡ cp¡S>_ g¡hp_y„ V$pmu v$¡iu Npe_p v$|^dp„ Npe_y„ Ou-ky„W$ Dd¡fu `uhy M|b S> Apfp¡Áeâv$ A_¡ âpZir¼s v$psp R>¡. Ap DL$pmp_¡ Ad¡ Np¡k„Æh_u _pd Apàey„ R>¡. kdekf cp¡S>_ gB gu^y„ lp¡e sp¡ `Z k|su hMs¡ Ap Np¡k„Æh_u `uhp\u Apfp¡Áe M|b kp{„ fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ r`Ñ(A¡kuX$uV$u) lp¡e sp¡ dV$¡ R>¡. Np¡k„Æh_u ep¥h_fnL$ A_¡ âpZir¼s v$psp `uÏ„ R>¡. b`p¡f¡ cpf¡ cp¡S>_ g¡hpey„ lp¡e L¡$ S>epf¡ kp„S>¡ cyM _ gpNu lp¡e sp¡ `Z cp¡S>_ g¡hp_y„ V$pmu Np¡k„Æh_u `uhy„.

9.

dyMhpk cp¡S>_ L¡$ L$p¡C `uÏ `u^p `R>u sg, Apdmp, Amku, sS>-A¡gQu_p¡ dyMhpk Mphp\u dyM õhÃR> \pe R>¡. dp¡Y$pdp„ Mp¡fpL$_u hpk `Z v$|f \pe R>¡. qv$hkdp„ `p„Q-kps hMs sS>-gh]N dyMhpk sfuL¡$ g¡hp\u v$p„s-dp¡Y$p¡_p¡ kX$p¡ ¼epf¡e \sp¡ _\u A_¡ dyM kyhprks fl¡ R>¡. Ap\u sS>-gh]N-A¡gQu v$f¡L$ dp_h¡ lf l„d¡ip kp\¡ S> fpMhp A_¡ dyM- d__u âkßsp dpV$¡ Mphp. dyMhpkdp„ kp¡`pfu-sdpLy$ ¼epf¡e _ Mphp.

10. fp¡S>_p cp¡S>_ kde¡ c|M _ gpNu lp¡e sp¡ Ofdp„ L¡$ eS>dp__¡ Ðep„ fp„^¡gy„ cp¡S>_ `X$é„y fl¡hp v$¡hy„, `Z c|g\u `Z Mphy„ _tl. L$p¡C_u ifd, dp¡l L¡$ Aop_spdp„ c|M hNf Mphp\u d„v$pr‚ \pe R>¡. S>¡dp„\u L$brS>eps, A¡rkqX$V$u (r`Ñ), L$a, hpey, lfk krls_p„ `¡V$_p sdpd fp¡Np¡ S>Þd¡ R>¡. Ap\u c|M _ lp¡e Ðepf¡ cp¡S>_ b„^ fpMu ky„W$hpmy v|$^ `uhy„, A\hp i¡fX$u, ipL$cpÆ_p¡ ky` L¡$ amp¡ g¡hp. 11. khpf-b`p¡f-kp„S>_p cp¡S>_ hÃQ¡ dpÓ i¡fX$u, amp¡_p¡ fk L¡$ amp¡ gB iL$pe. `qfîd hNf b¡ cp¡S>_ hÃQ¡ L¡$ fpÓ¡ ApCõ¾$ud, sm¡gp-d¢v$p_p `v$p\p£ Mphp A¡ Apfp¡Áe OpsL$ A_¡ Apeyóe OpsL$ R>¡. bpmL$p¡, eyhp_p¡ A_¡ `qfîd L$f_pfpAp¡A¡ S> khpf, b`p¡f, kp„S> cp¡S>_ g¡hy„. 40 hj® `R>u `qfîd hNf_p gp¡L$p¡A¡ b¡ V$pCd S> cp¡S>_ g¡hy„. h©Ùp¡A¡ A¡L$ V$pCd cp¡S>_ g¡hy„. S>dsu hMs¡ `¡V$ cfpe A¡V$g¡ sfs S> `¡V$ cfpep_p¡ A„v$f\u kyÿd Al¡kpk \pe R>¡. `¡V$ cfpep_p¡ kyÿd k„L¡$s Aph¡ A¡V$g¡ sfs S> cp¡S>_ b„^ L$fu v$¡hy„. `qfîd hNf_p A_¡ dp¡V$u Jdf_pA¡ Ap Al¡kpk `R>u bugLy$g _ Mphy„. h^y Aplpf S> Qfbu, L$bÆeps-A¡kuX$uV$u, Apmk, qv$hk¡ JO A_¡ A_¡L$ fp¡Np¡_y„ L$pfZ R>¡. Ars ApN°l\u dl¡dp_p¡_¡ `Z cp¡S>_ `ufkhy„ _l]. cp¡S>_ `l¡gp„ v$p¡Y$ L$gpL$ A_¡ `R>u b¡ L$gpL$ Qp, _põsp¡ L¡$ L$p¡C `v$p\® c|g\u `Z _ g¡hp. dpÓ guby„ `pZu L¡$ \p¡X$u dpÓpdp„ amp¡_p¡ fk, ipL$cpÆ_p¡ bpa¡gp¡ ky` gB iL$pe. 12. s`-h°sdp„ afpm_p _pd¡ rh{Ù Aplpf kp\¡_p¡ v$p¡Y$ \u b¡ NZp¡ Aplpf g¡hp¡ A¡ `qfhpf A_¡ `fdpÐdp_p¡ A`fp^ R>¡. Ap\u S>¡Z¡ D`hpk L$fhp lp¡e s¡Z¡ ky„W$ _pMu DL$pm¡gy„ A_¡ W$pf¡gy„ `pZu `u_¡ dpÓ `pZu D`f D`hpk L$fhp\u ifuf iyÙ \pe R>¡. A\hp dpÓ âdpZkf v$|^ L¡$ am gC_¡ D`hpk L$fhp L¡$ dpÓ A¡L$ S> V$pCd b`p¡f¡ âdpZkf cp¡S>_ A_¡ khpf¡-kp„S>¡ Npe_y„ v$|^ `uhy„.Ap fus¡ h°s-D`hpk L$fhpdp„ S> Apfp¡Áefnp A_¡ k„ed D`pk_p R>¡. hS>_ OV$pX$hp Aplpf r_e„ÓZ, `qfîd A_¡ ep¡N L$kfs S> kam dpN® R>¡. 13. `|Îe, dp¡n L¡$ Cïhf âprá_p _pd¡ h^pf¡ `X$sp D`hpk\u ir¼s A_¡ ep¥h__p¡ _pi \pe R>¡. Ap\u bpmL$p¡ A_¡ eyhp_p¡A¡ A¡L$ qv$hk\u h^y D`hpk _ L$fhp rlsphl R>¡. 14. 18 \u 60 hj®_u Jdf ky^u v$f¡L$ Nfub L¡$ ^_hp_ dpZk¡ Æh_^d®, âL©$rs^d® A_¡ fpô²^d® sfuL¡$ 8\u 12 L$gpL$ A_¡ A¡ `R>u \B iL¡$ A¡V$gp¡ `y{jp\® L$fhp¡ S> Å¡CA¡. s¡_p\u S> Æh_ r_hp®l A_¡ `qfhpf, fpô² A_¡ S>Ns_u Apbpv$u \pe R>¡. `qfîd\u Apfp¡Áe `Z kp{„ fl¡ R>¡. Ap\u `y{jp\® kp¥\u `pep_p¡ ^d® R>¡. 15. L„$`_uAp¡A¡ b_ph¡gp `¡àku, L$p¡L$pL$p¡gp, \çkA`, guçL$p hN¡f¡ L©$rÓd W$„X$p `uZp lqL$L$sdp„ W$„X$p R>¡ S> _l]. A¡dp„ QpdX$u, L$a, `¡V$_p fp¡Np¡\u gB L¡$Þkf L$f_pfp f„Np¡, fkpeZp¡, kyÿdT¡f, g]by_p azg A_¡ cep_L$ dpÓpdp„ Mp„X$ lp¡e R>¡. Aphp T¡fu `uZp\u `pQ_ir¼s\u gB âpZir¼s_p¡ ^ud¡ ^ud¡ _pi \pe R>¡. Ap\u L„$`_uAp¡_p Ap„^mp Nygpd b_u Aphp T¡fu `uZp `uhp _l] A_¡ L$p¡C_¡ `php _l].

34

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

16. Of¡ A_¡ sdpd kpdpÆL$-^prd®L$ âk„Np¡dp„ v$¡iu Npe_p v$|^, R>pk, _prme¡f `pZu, g]by kfbs, amp¡ L¡$ s¡_p fk\u, i¡fX$u_p fk\u A_¡ L$p¡C `Z âpL©$rsL$ `v$p\p£ MhX$phu_¡ dl¡dp_p¡_y„ õhpNs L$fhy„ A¡ k„õL©$rs R>¡. kpdpÆL$-^prd®L$ âk„Np¡dp„ dl¡dp_p¡_¡ v$¡iu Npe_p v$|^-Ou kp\¡ âpL©$rsL$ cp¡S>_ L$fphhy„ A¡ k„õL©$rs^d® R>¡. Mp„X$ T¡f R>¡ A_¡ L¡$rdL$g hNf_p¡ v$¡iu Np¡m Ad©s R>¡. Ap\u Of-â„kNp¡dp„ l„d¡ip Np¡m_u S> duW$pC b_phhu. S>¡ duW$pC Np¡mdp„ _ b_¡ s¡dp„ Mp„X$_p õ\p_¡ kpL$f_p¡ cyL$p¡ DÑd R>¡. s¡dS> duW$pCdp„ Mp„X$-kpL$f_y„ b_¡ s¡V$gy âdpZ Ap¡R>y fpMhy„. Mp„X$_y„ T¡f A_¡ X$peprbV$uk\u bQhp Ap¡R>u Mp„X$hpmu, Ap¡R>u dpÓpdp„ A_¡ Ap¡R>u hMs `uhu. 17. M¡sf-hpX$u-Ap„NZ¡ v$¡iu Npe_p R>pZ-Np¡d|Ó\u `L$ph¡gp A_pS>, s¡g, L$W$p¡m, dkpgp, amp¡, ipL$cpÆ Mphp. l„d¡ip Fsy_p S> amp¡-ipL$cpÆ Mphp. L$dp¡kdu amp¡ ipL$cpÆ ¼epf¡e _ Mphp v$p.s. riepmp rkhpe f]NZ _ Mphp. Qp¡dkpdp„ azgphf, L$p¡buS>, NpS>f, V$d¡V$p, Ådam, rkspam, bp¡f _ Mphp. F>sy rkhpe L¡$fu _ Mphu. N°uód F>sydp„ Nfd dkpgp, dfQy, suMp-sm¡gp `v$p\p£ _ Mphp. 18. kNcp® ÷u_¡ v$¡iu Npe_p S> v$|^-dpMZ-Ou-R>pk A_¡ T¡f-L¡$rdL$g hNf_p A_pS>, s¡g, L$W$p¡m, dkpgp, amp¡, ipL$cpÆ_p¡ Aplpf Ap`hp¡. kyhphX$ `R>u v$¡iu Npe_p Ou_p¡ iufp¡-gpXy$_y„ `p¡jZ Ap`hy„. kNcp®_p Aphp Aplpf\u r_fp¡Nu A_¡ âpZhp_ k„sp_ S>Þd¡ R>¡. h^y rhNs dpV$¡ Adp{„ Apfp¡Áev$psp v$¡iu Npe `yõsL$ hp„Qhy„. kNcp® A_¡ bpmL$_¡ rbdpfu S>Zpe sp¡ A¡gp¡`\u_p T¡fu V$uL$X$p _ MhX$phsp Apeyh£v$_p r_óZp„s h¥v$_u S> kpfhpf-dpN®v$i®_ g¡hp. ÷uAp¡ A_¡ ^d®Nyê$Ap¡ dpV$¡ Aplpf-rhlpf_y„ op_ kp¥\u `pep_y„ Æh_op_ A_¡ AÝepÐd op_ R>¡. 19. bpmL$_¡ v$¡iu Npe_y„ spSy> v$|^, dpMZ, iyÙ NpdX$pdp„\u d¡mh¡gp d^_y `p¡jZ Ap`hy„. 20. amp¡-ipL$cpÆ, v$|^, dpMZ, R>pk fp¡S>¡ fp¡S>_p spÅ S> Mphp. A_pS>-L$W$p¡m_p¡ gp¡V$ A_¡ Mp„X¡$gp dkpgp `Z b_¡ A¡V$gp spÅ S> Aplpfdp„ g¡hp. spÅ `v$p\p£dp„ S> âpZir¼s A_¡ Ly$v$fsu õhpv$-kyN„^ lp¡e R>¡. Ap `v$p\p£ S>¡d hpku \pe s¡d âpZir¼s-õhpv$-kyN„^ OV$¡ R>¡. 21. bpa¡gp¡ Aplpf kp¥\u ky`pÃe R>¡ A_¡ bfpbf i¡L¡$gp¡ Aplpf h^y õhpqv$ô R>¡. sm¡gp¡ Aplpf `Qhpdp„ cpf¡ R>¡. Ap\u A`hpv$ rkhpe ba¡gp¡ A_¡ bfpbf i¡L¡$gp¡ Aplpf S> r_Ðe g¡hp¡. 22. Qp¡Mp, fp¡V$gp, fp¡V$gu A_¡ L$W$p¡m, Nyhpf-Qp¡mu-c]X$p¡ S>¡hp cpf¡ ipL$ `|Z® `L$phu_¡ S> Mphp. 23. bÅfdp„\u Mfuv$¡g L$W$p¡m_¡ b¡ hpf `pZu\u ^p¡C_¡ S> fp„^hy„. A_pS>, L$W$p¡m, dkpgp, s¡gurbep„, L¡$ L$p¡C `Z MpÛ `v$p\p£_¡ kpQhpdp„ L$p¡C âL$pf_p L¡$rdL$g- T¡f_p¡ L$v$u `Z D`ep¡N L$fhp¡ _l]. lhp _ gpN¡ s¡hp M|b kp„L$X$p dp¡Y$p_p àgpõV$uL$ L¡$ L$pQ_p `pÓpdp„ cfhp. s¡dp„ gthN, gudX$p_p `p_, lmv$f_p Np„W$uep A_¡ v$m¡gu lmv$f rdn L$fhp\u A¡ `v$p\p£ bNX$i¡ _l]. L$`X$pdp„ AS>dp_u _p_u _p_u `p¡V$L$uAp¡ bp„^u_¡ dyL$hu. A_pS>_¡ A¡f„qX$ey„ QY$phu_¡ kpQhhy„. 24. _uQ¡ b¡ku_¡ hpsQus L$ep® hNf M|b S> Qphu_¡ `|Z® âkßsp, A¡L$pN°sp A_¡ ip„rs\u cp¡S>_ g¡hy„. v$f¡L$ `v$p\®_¡ fk L$fu_¡ S> `¡V$dp„ Dspfhp¡. Ap fus¡ gu^¡gy„ cp¡S>_ Ad_¡ kpQ¡ S> fp¡S> b°ûp_„v$ Ap`¡ R>¡. S>dsp S>dsp dp¡bpCg ap¡_ `f hps L$fhu A¡ L$pe® _\u `Z Op¡f Aop_ A_¡ Arcip` R>¡. S>¡_p\u Apfp¡Áe_¡ cep_L$ lpr_ R>¡. A_¡ Aplpf_u `qfs©rá_p¡ Al¡kpk Nydphpe R>¡. S>dsp S>dsp L$p¡C rhje_u QQp® L$fhu _l]. hõsy g¡hp-Ap`hp `yfsy S> bp¡ghy„. cp¡S>_ `R>u dp¡Y$pdp„ `pZu cfu_¡ M|b MmMmphu `p„Q L$p¡Nmp AQ|L$ L$fu_¡ dyM `|Z® kpa L$fhy„. Qp-v$|^-amp¡_p¡ fk, kfbs `u_¡ `Z A¡L$ L$p¡Nmp¡ L$fu_¡ `pZu `uhy„. sp¡ S> v$p„s kyfrns-v$yN¯^dy¼s fl¡i¡. `pZu\u dyM kpa L$ep® `R>u S> dyMhpk_u V$¡h `pX$hu.

35

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

25. cpfs Nfd hpsphfZ_p¡ âv$¡i R>¡. eyfp¡`_u dpaL$ bfa_¡p âv$¡i _\u. Ap\u `[ïQd_p Ap„^mp A_yepeu b_u hpku Mp¡fpL$ ¼epf¡e _ Mphp¡. fp„^¡gp Mp¡fpL$_y„ sfs S> cp¡S>_ g¡hy„ î¡›$ R>¡. Apeyh£v$_p rkÙp„s dyS>b `pZu\u fp„^¡gp¡ Aplpf fp¡V$gp, fp¡V$gu, ipL$, cps, v$pm, k„cpfp¡, MuQX$u, L$Y$u, Y$p¡L$mp„, rhN¡f¡ fp„Ýep `R>u Qpf L$gpL$ `R>u âpZir¼s lu_ \B Åe R>¡. A¡\u Mphp lusphl _\u. h^pf¡ hpku Mp¡fpL$\u rbdpfu Aph¡ R>¡. 26. rdW$pC\u dyMhpk sdpd MpÛ `v$p\p£dp„ ¼epf¡e f„N, fkpeZp¡, A¡k¡Þk, kpBrV²$L$ A¡rkX$ (L$l¡hpsp g]by_p azg), ApÆ_p¡ dp¡V$p¡ rhN¡f¡_p¡ D`ep¡N L$v$u _ L$fhp¡. L¡$dL¡$ A¡ T¡f R>¡. S>¡_p\u QpdX$u, kp„^p_p fp¡Np¡\u gB L¡$Þkf \pe R>¡. Apeyh£v$_p rkÙp„s âdpZ¡ d¢v$p¡ k„`|Z® A`Õe R>¡. s¡dp„e cpf¡ `qfîd hNf_u il¡fu âÅ dpV$¡ sp¡ Apfp¡Áe _piL$ A_¡ âpZOpsL$ R>¡. Ap\u cpfs_p hpsphfZdp„ d¢v$p_u b°¡X$, `p„D, `uÐTp, _p_, `põsp, buõL$uV$_p¡ k„`|Z®-ÐepN L$fhp¡. X$åbp-`¡L¡$V$dp„ h¡Qpsp f„N-fkpeZp¡ hpmp `v$p\p£dp„ bugLy$g âpZir¼s lp¡su S> _\u. DgV$p_p `¡V$, Apfp¡Áe bNpX$_pfp A_¡ âpZir¼s_p¡ _pi L$f_pfp lp¡e R>¡. bpmL$p¡ fp¡S> Mpe sp¡ Air¼s A_¡L$ fp¡Np¡\u gB _`y„kL$sp Aph¡ R>¡ Ap\u Aphp sdpd `v$p\p£_p¡ ÐepN L$fu_¡ Ofdp„ fp„^¡gp¡ spÅ¡ Aplpf g¡hpdp„ S> op_, Apfp¡Áefnp A_¡ h„ifnp R>¡. dl¡dp_p¡_p õhpNsdp„ _põspdp„ d¢v$p_p L¡$ sm¡gp `v$p\p£ _ `ufksp v$¡iu Npe_y„ v$|^, amp¡, amp¡_p¡ fk L¡$ âpL©$rsL$ `v$p\p£ S> `ufkhp, A¡ rhh¡L$ A_¡ âL©$rs^d® R>¡. 27. S>g`p_ : khpf¡ DW$u_¡ lº„apmy„ `pZu Ad©s kdp_ R>¡. cp¡S>_ `l¡gp„ sfk lp¡e sp¡ cp¡S>_\u 30 du_uV$ `l¡gp„ dep®qv$s `pZu `uhy„. cp¡S>_ `R>u b¡ L$gpL$ bugLy$g `pZu _ `uhy„. b¡\u Qpf L$gpL$dp„ dep®qv$s `pZu `uhy„. A¡ `R>u h^y `pZu `uhy„ gpc L$pfu R>¡. W$„Xy$ `pZu `pQ__¡ d„v$ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ L$a-D^fk, ifv$u L$f¡ R>¡. kl¡S> lº„apmy `pZu S> î¡›$ R>¡. kpdpÞe sp`dp__y„ `pZu S> Apfp¡Áeâv$ R>¡. hjp®S>g : h¡v$ A_¡ Apeyh£v$_p A_¡L$ N°„\p¡dp„ hjp®S>g_¡ kp¥\u î¡›$ L$üy„ R>¡. Ap\u v$f¡L$ `qfhpf¡ `uhp_p A_¡ fkp¡C_p `pZu_u hprj®L$ S>ê$qfeps _½$u L$fu_¡ A¡ âdpZ¡ A¡L$ c|Nc® V$p„L$p¡ b_phhp¡. â\d hfkpv$_p `pZudp„ ApL$pidp„ QY$¡gp¡ ^ydpX$p¡lpr_L$pfL$ hpey, dpV$u_p fS>L$Zp¡ lp¡e R>¡. Ap\u A¡L$ hfkpv$ `R>u buÅ¡ L¡$ ÓuÅ¡ hfkpv$ Aph¡ Ðepf¡ â\d ANpkuR>s_¡ ^p¡C_¡ `R>u A¡ `pZu_p¡ cyNc® V$p„L$pdp„ k„N°l L$fu_¡ A¡ `pZu `uhpdp„-fkp¡Cdp„ hp`fhy„. kp¥\u Apfp¡Áeâv$ R>¡. 28. `pZu l„d¡ip KQ¡\u A_¡ r_fp„s¡ `uhp_p¡ Apeyh£v$_p¡ r_ed R>¡ A_¡ cpfsue k„õL©$rs_p k„õL$pf R>¡. `pZu KQ¡\u `uhpdp„ S> õhÃR>sp A_¡ Apfp¡Áefnp R>¡. eyfp¡`-Ad¡qfL$p_u âÅ_¡ JQ¡\u `pZu `usp AphX$sy„ S> _\u. s¡_p fhpX¡$ QY$u_¡ Ap`Z¡ S>„Ngu âpZu_u S>¡d dp¡Y$¡\u `pZu `usp \ep„, A¡ âNrs _l] `Z A^p¡Nrs A_¡ Akæesp R>¡. dp_h A_¡ k„õL©$rsA¡ _uQ¡ _ Dsfpe, l„d¡ip D^h®Nrs S> L$fhp_u lp¡e. Ap\u L$pQ_p Ágpk_p¡ `Z ÐepN L$fuA¡. Of-Ap¡qak b^¡ S> ^psy_p `pÓp¡ gp¡V$p¡-àepgp fpMhp. S>¡\u kfmsp\u JQ¡\u `pZu `u iL$pe. buÅ_p Of¡ L¡$ Ål¡f õ\m¡ dp¡Y$¡\u `pZu `uhp_p¡ dpZk_¡ L$p¡C Ar^L$pf S> _\u. õhÃR>sp : v$f¡L$ ipL$cpÆ-amp¡-i¡fX$u_¡ M|b ìeh[õ\s ^p¡C_¡ S> Mphp. cp¡S>_ g¡sp `l¡gp„ A_¡ AÞe_¡ cp¡S>_ L¡$ `pZu `ufksp `l¡gp„ AQ|L$ lp\^p¡hp. `¡ipb S>C_¡ AQ|L$ lp\ ^p¡hp. ÅS>ê$ S>B_¡ ÓZ hMs kpby\u A\hp iyÙ dpV$u L¡$ fpM\u M|b ìeh[õ\s lp\ ^p¡hp. 29. cpfs_p S|>v$p S|>v$p âv$¡ip¡ âdpZ¡_u Aplpf `Ùrs A¡ AcZ dpZkp¡_y„ Aop_ _\u `Z Apeyh£v$ âL©$rs A_¡ ifuf rhop__¡ ÅZ_pfp F>rjAp¡A¡ õ\p`¡gu Aplpf `Ùrs R>¡. Ap\u `f„`fpNs Aplpf `Ùrs_u D`¡np\u Apfp¡Áe kp\¡ kp„õL©$rsL$ d|ëep¡_y„ `Z `s_ R>¡. Ap\u qv$L$fp-qv$L$fuAp¡_¡ `f„`fpNs fkp¡C L$mp A_¡ Aplpf-rhlpf_y„ op_ õL|$gL$p¡g¡S>_p rinZ L$fsp„ L$fp¡X$ NÏ d|ëehp_ R>¡. L¡$dL¡$ õL|$g-L$p¡g¡S>_p rinZ hNf Æhu iL$pe `Z Aplpf rh_p Æhu S>

36

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

_ iL$pe. Ap\u kdN° `©Õhu_p dp_h_¡ Aplpf op_ A_¡ fkp¡C L$mp kp¥\u S>ê$fu `pep_u L¡$mhZu R>¡. S>¡ `qfhpf, k„õL©$rsL$ L¡$ v$¡i Aplpf op_ A_¡ fkp¡CL$mp_u D`¡np L$f¡ s¡_p rh_pi_¡ Cïhf `Z r_hpfu _p iL¡$. Apeyh£v$ A_¡ Aplpf rhlpf_p ip÷p¡_p¡ Aæepk bpmL$p¡-eyhp_p¡ dpV$¡ ^d®ip÷p¡\u `Z `pep_p k„õL$pf sfuL¡$ Ar_hpe® R>¡. 30. ìek_\u L$pe®ndsp h^¡ R>¡ A¡ ìek_u_y„ Op¡f Aop_ R>¡. ìek_\u L$pe®ir¼s-eyhp_u_p¡ _pi \pe R>¡.sdpLy$, kp¡`pfu, v$pê$, Np„Å¡ hN¡f¡\u fp¡NârsL$pfir¼s, ipfuqfL$ir¼s, L$pdir¼s(k¡¼k), amÖº`sp, kp¦v$e®, ep¥h_ A_¡ âpZir¼s_p¡ _pi \pe S> \pe R>¡. dpZk r_fnfsp L¡$ Nfbu\u AL$pm¡ dfu _ Åe `Z ìek_\u ''ùv$efp¡N, guhf a¡Cg, a¡akp_p fp¡Np¡, `¡V$_p fp¡Np¡ A_¡ L¡$Þkf\u AQ|L$ AL$pm¡ h©Ù \C, AL$pm¡ dfu Åe R>¡. ìek_p¡ MQ®, kpfhp_p¡ MQ® A_¡ L$pe®ir¼s_p OV$pX$p\u ìek_A¡ Nfubu_y„ A¡L$ dlÐh_y„ L$pfZ R>¡. r_fìek_u dpZk 75 hj® ky^u eyhp_-L$pe®fs fl¡ R>¡. A¡\u r_fìek_u dpZk S> h^y î¡›$ Æh_ Æh¡ R>¡. Aplpf rhlpf, v$p„`ÐekyM, JO, DÐkpl hN¡f¡_p¡ b°ûp_„v$ `pd¡ R>¡. h^y ^_ L$dpe R>¡. A_¡ `qfhpf_u kyfnp L$fu iL¡$ R>¡. r_fìek_u `y{j S> ÷u_p¡ `|Z® â¡d `pd¡ R>¡. sdpLy$-v$pê$\u ÷u_y„ buS> A_¡ `y{j_p iy¾$pÏ _bmp `X¡$ R>¡ A_¡ k„¿ep `Z OV$¡ R>¡. Ap\u sdpLy$-v$pê$\u _`y„kL$sp A_¡ h„ÝeÐh Aph¡ R>¡. iy¾$pÏ-buS> _bmp `X$hp\u k„sp_ \pe sp¡ `Z _bmp \pe R>¡. Ap\u ìek_ A¡ Æh_rh_pi D`fp„s Ly$mrh_pi A_¡ fpô²rh_pi_y„ `p` R>¡. A¡\u âL©$rs (`fdpÐdp)_p¡ Ançe A`fp^ R>¡. kˆ_ dpZk¡ L$v$u L¡$au `v$p\p£_p¡ h¡`pf `Z L$fhp¡ _l]. L¡$dL¡$ ìek_\u dp_h, Npd A_¡ fpô²_p¡ rh_pi \pe R>¡. 31. l„d¡ip lL$pfpÐdL$ A_¡ iyc tQs_ L$fhy„, kh®Ó kv¹$v$i®_-NyZv$i®_ L$fhy„, rhhpv$ ÐepNu k„hpv$ L$fhp¡. v$yóL$d®\u l„d¡ip v$|f flu, Æh__p A„s ky^u r_f„sf kÐL$dp£ L$fhp. S>¡_p\u ifuf, d_, ùv$e A_¡ by[Ý^(dNS>) r_fp¡Nu fl¡ R>¡. S>¡_p\u Ap_„v$\u gB b°ûp_„v$ A_¡ ApÐdk„sp¡j âpá \pe R>¡. kh®Ó rdÓp¡ A_¡ L$urs® h^¡ R>¡ A¡\u Æh__p¡ rhL$pk A_¡ kyfnp h^¡ R>¡. Ap dpN® ApÐd Dßrs A_¡ `fdsÒh `fdpÐdp_¡ `pdhp_p¡ ^p¡fu dpN® R>¡. Aphy„ Æh_ `p¡sp_p k„sp_p¡\u gB kp¥_¡ iyc â¡fZpê$` b_¡ R>¡. Ap\u `qfhpf, fpô² A_¡ S>Ns_„¹ `Z L$ëepZ \pe R>¡.

17. kyhZ®c|rd cpfs_p `Ngp„ qL$kp_p¡-N°pdS>_p¡_y„ v$preÐh : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

qL$kp_p¡A¡ M¡su_u S>du_ h¡Qhu _l]. Åshp_ v$¡iu Np¡h„i_y„ `pg_-k„h^®_ L$fhy„. v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj A`_phu `qfhpfdp„ v$¡iu Npe_p v$|^-dpMZ-Ou-R>pk A_¡ T¡f hNf_p âpL©$rsL$ A_pS>-amp¡-ipL$cpÆ Mphp. Q¡L$X¡$dp¡-smphp¡, M¡ssgphX$u\u S>mfnp L$fhu. A_¡ S>m_p¡ k„ed-rhh¡L$\u D`ep¡N L$fhp¡. sdpLy$-v$pê$-S|>Npf_p v$|jZ\u l„d¡ip v$|f fl¡hy„. kpdpÆL$ âk„Np¡dp„ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p¡ MQ® L$fhp¡. dpÓ rhL$pk_p L$pddp„ `p¡sp_p lp\¡ S> rhh¡L$\u ^dp®v$p¡ L$fhp¡. L$p¡C_p bl¡L$phpdp„ Aphu_¡ L¡$ v$¡Mp v$¡Mu\u L¡$ L$p¡C_p X$f\u ¼epf¡e v$p_ L$fhy„ _l]. v$¡Ï„ L$fu_¡ L¡$ `pep_p âí_p¡ `X$sp d¡gu_¡ `Z

37

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

¼epf¡e v$p_-^dp®v$p¡ L$fhp _l]. M¡X|$sp¡A¡ Npd_p„ rhL$pkdp„ S> v$p_-îdk¡hp_¡ â\d `k„v$Nu Ap`hu. `y{jp\® `X$sp¡ d¡gu_¡ Nyê$-k„âv$pe_u k¡hp L$fhp S>hy„ _l]. Ap`Zp¡ ^d® Apv$i® Æh_, kp¥_y„ L$ëepZ_p kÐL$dp£ A_¡ fpô² rhL$pk R>¡. 8. h^y ^_ L$dphp_u gpgQ¡ L¡$ kpdpÆL$-L$pep£ dpV$¡ L$v$u JQp ìepS>¡ L¡$ ndsp blpf v$¡Ï„ L$fhy„ _l] L¡$ gp¡__p Q¾$dp„ L¡$ A¡L$_p X$bg_u gpgQdp„ akphy„ _l]. 9. qv$L$fp-qv$L$fu_¡ rinZ kp\¡ bpm`Z\u S> L©$rj, `p¡sp_p¡ DÛp¡N, OfL$pd, fkp¡C L$mp_u L¡$mhZu AQ|L$ Ap`hu S> Ap`hu. bpmL$_¡ `yõsL$dp„\u iuMhp„ dmi¡ A¡\u lÅf NÏ kÐL$d®dp„\u S> op_-L¡$mhZu dmi¡. Ap fus¡ `p¡sp_p S>hpbv$pf A_¡ Ly$im hpfkv$pfp¡ s¥epf L$fhp. 10. qv$L$fu_¡ il¡fdp„ S> `fZphhu R>¡ A¡hu Mp¡V$u c°dZpdp„\u k„`|Z® R>yV$hy„. r_fìek_u, `qfîdu, k„õL$pfu A_¡ õhphg„bu eyhL$_¡ S> v$uL$fu `fZphhu. 11. 18 \u 60 hj®_u Jdf ky^u r_Ðe 8 \u 12 L$gpL$ `qfîd L$fhp¡. A¡ `R>u `Z \B iL¡$ A¡ `qfîd L$fhp¡. L¡$d L¡$ `qfîd A¡ Æh_^d®, `qfhpf^d®, âL©$rs^d® A_¡ fpô²^d® R>¡. `y{jp\®^d®\u dp¡V$p¡ L$p¡C ^d® _\u. S>¡_p Ap^pf¡ S> b^p ^dp£ V$¼ep R>¡. Ap\u `y{jp\® A_¡ kÐL$pep£ kp¥\u dlp_ ^d® R>¡. `y{jp\® S> Æh_eo A_¡ fpô²eo R>¡. Ap\u `y{jp\® v$¡hp¡ ch: _¡ Æh_d„Ó A_¡ fpô²d„Ó b_phuA¡. L©$rjL$d®, Np¡`pg_, N°pçe DÛp¡N A_¡ N°pçe Æh__y„ Np¥fh L$fuA¡. il¡fp¡dp„ AbÅ¡`rs_¡ _\u dmsp A¡hp NpdX$pdp„ v$¡iu Npep¡_p spÅ v$|^- dpMZ-Ou-R>pk, T¡f-fkpeZ hNf_p A_pS>-ipL$cpÆ-amp¡_p¡ Ad©s kdp_ Aplpf, dp¡L$mpihpmp, dp¡V$p dL$p_p¡, iyÙ Ap¡qL$kS>_ey¼s lhp, ip„rs, õhphg„b_, kyfnp A_¡ õhs„Ósp_y Np¥fh L$fuA¡. `fd ApÐdk„sp¡j\u NpdX$pdp„ S> ÆhuA¡. v S>¡ N°pdS>_p¡_¡ h¡`pf-DÛp¡Np¡-_p¡L$fu A\£ NpdXy$„ R>p¡X$u il¡fp¡dp„ S>hp_u afS> `X$u lp¡e. s¡Ap¡A¡ r_h©rÑ L$pmdp„ `y_: NpdX$pdp„ S>C v$¡iu Npe_p v$|^-dpMZ-Ou, âpL©$rsL$ spÅ ipL$cpÆ-amp¡-Aß, iyÙ lhp, `fd ip„rs, dp¡L$mpi A_¡ âL©$rs_p Mp¡mp_p¡ b°ûp_„v$ dpZhp¡. s¡dS> `p¡sp_p bQ¡gp s_-d_-^_\u dps©c|rd_u k¡hp L$fhu. ApS> kpQu r_h©rÑ, âh©rÑ A_¡ `|Îe R>¡. rinZ_¡ d|mdp„\u bv$guA¡ : 1. 2.

3.

4.

Æh__y„ `fd kÐe Æhhy„ A¡ R>¡. Æhhp dpV$¡ Aplpf Ar_hpe® R>¡.Ap\u bpmL$_¡ kp¥â\d Aplpfop_, Apfp¡Áefnp, fkp¡C L$mp A_¡ ìek_dyr¼s_y„ rinZ Ap`hy„. dpÓ `yõsL$p¡\u Anfop_ Ap`hp_p bv$g¡ hpõsrhL$ L$d® Üpfp rinZ Ap`hy„. L¡$dL¡$ Op¡X¡$khpfu_y„ `yõsL$ 100 hpf hp„Qhp\u Op¡X¡$khpfu _ iuMpe, `Z 10 hpf Op¡X$p `f b¡ku_¡ Op¡X¡$khpfu L$fhp\u S> Op¡X¡$khpfu iuMu iL$pe. rinZdp„ Ap R>¡ L$d®_y„ dlÐh. h¥qv$L$ rinZdp„ L$d®, kv$pQpf A_¡ âL©$rs^d® dy¿e lsp. A¡\u cpfsue k„õL©$rs lÅfp¡ hj® khp£`qf fl¡gu. S>¡_p\u dp_hÆh_, `qfhpf A_¡ v$¡i Qpg¡ R>¡. A¡hp L©$rj, Np¡`pg_, `iy`pg_, âpL©$rsL$k„`v$p, S>m-S>du_-hpeyS>„Ng_u D`ep¡rNsp A_¡ N°pçe DÛp¡Np¡_y„ S> dlÑd rinZ Ap`hy„. Ap n¡Óp¡dp„ r_f„sf _hp k„ip¡^_p¡ L$fu L©$rjâ^p_ A_¡ Np¡c|du v$¡i_p Ap^pfê$` Ap n¡Óp¡_¡ `fd KQpCA¡ gB S>B_¡ `yfu âÅ_¡ Apbpv$ L$fhu. v$¡i_p¡ v$f¡L$ _pNqfL$_¡ õhphg„bu b_phhp¡ A¡ S> kpQu L¡$mhhu R>¡. dpÓ L$gd L¡$ Æc Qgphu_¡ Æhhp_p bv$g¡ v$f¡L$ bpmL$_¡ dlp`y{jp\®, `qfhpf\u gB fpô² âÐe¡_u L$d®r_›$p, dp_hsp_p d|ëep¡, Ace A_¡ k„Ocph-klÆh__y„ rinZ Ap`hy„.

38

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

5.

L$ÞepAp¡_¡ _pfuÆh_, v$p„`Ðe, bpmDR>¡f, k„kpf^d®, fkp¡CL$gp, N©l k„cpm_u L¡$mhZu AÞe rinZ\u L$fp¡X$ NZu Æh_S>ê$fu R>¡. L¡$dL¡$ ÷u S> _hu `¡Y$u, `qfhpf, k„õL©$rs, A_¡ fpô²_p A[õsÐh_p¡ d|gp^pf R>¡. fpô² Apbpv$u_u kfL$pfu _urs : 1.

v$¡i_u L©$rj_u S>du_, DÛp¡Np¡, h¡`pf n¡Ó, Np¡h„ip¡, `iy^_, S>„Ng, Ly$v$fsu Mr_Å¡ A_¡ Ly$v$fsu k„`v$p_u dprgL$u v$¡i_p dlÑd gp¡L$p¡_p lp\dp„ fl¡ A¡hu A\®_urs_¡ fpô²rhL$pk_p¡ d|gp^pf b_phhp¡. 2. `pZu S> L©$rj, Np¡h„i, `iy^_, NpdX$p_p¡ âpZ R>¡. A¡\u Q¡L$X¡$d-smphp¡-M¡ssgphX$u_u `|Z® õhê$`_u fpô²ue S>mfnp ep¡S>_p b_phhu. s¡dS> tkQpC ep¡S>_p A_¡ v$¡i_u dp¡V$u _v$uAp¡_¡ Å¡X$su hp¡V$fN°uX$ ep¡S>_p b_phhu. Ap b„_¡ ep¡S>_p\u kdN° v$¡i_u L©$rjc|rd_¡ bpfdpku S>m õhphg„bu b_phhu. 3. cpfs_p v$¡iu Np¡h„ip¡_¡ L©$rjrhL$pk dp_h Apfp¡Áe s\p `p¡jZ_p d|gp^pf sfuL¡$ õhuL$pfu_¡ v$¡iu Np¡h„i `pg_, î¡›$Ñd k„h^®_ A_¡ kyfnp_u fpô²ue ep¡S>_p b_phhu. 4. N°pçe `iy^_, Np¥Qf A_¡ S>„Ng_p rhL$pk-kyfnp_u î¡›$Ñd ep¡S>_p b_phhu. 5. v$¡i_p S|>v$p-S|>v$p âv$¡ip¡dp„ \sp A_pS>, s¡gurbep, L$W$p¡m, dkpgp, amp¡, ipL$cpÆ, Ap¥jr^e `pL$p¡ A_¡ OpkQpfp¡_u DÑd v$¡iu Åsp¡ L©$rj DÐ`pv$__p¡ A_¡ `p¡jZ_p¡ d|gp^pf R>¡. s¡dS> âL©$rs A_¡ fpô²_u Ad|ëe k„`rs R>¡. Ap\u A¡ sdpd_u DÑd v$¡iu Åsp¡_¡ ip¡^u_¡ s¡_p d|m õhê$`dp„ Åmhu fpMu_¡ M¡X|$sp¡_¡ fpls v$f¡ Ap`hp_u L$pedu ep¡S>_p b_phhu. 6. L©$rj `¡v$pip¡, v$|^ A_¡ N°pçe DÛp¡Np¡_y„ dlÑd DÐ`pv$_ A_¡ s¡_p `p¡jZnd cphp¡_¡ fpô²_p¡ k„syrgs rhL$pk, Apr\®L$ k„syg_, dp_hhõsu k„syg_, `ep®hfZ k„syg_ A_¡ fpô² Apbpv$u_p d|gp^pf sfuL¡$ õhuL$pfu_¡ v$¡i_y„ Apr\®L$ dpmMy„ A_¡ rhL$pk dpmMy„ Np¡W$hhy„. 7. L©$rj_¡ S>„Ngu A_¡ fMX$sp `iyAp¡\u L$pedu kyfnp_u fpô²ue ep¡S>_p b_phhu. 8. L©$rj `¡v$pip¡, v$|^ A_¡ s¡_u b_phV$p¡ s\p N°pçe DÛp¡N_p DÐ`pv$_p¡ N°pdDÐ`pv$_ ~`¡ fpô²dp„ A_¡ rhïhdp„ TX$`u r_L$pk \pe A¡hu ìep`f_urs b_phhu. 9. NpdX$pAp¡dp„ DÃQNyZhÑp_y„ das rinZ, DÃQ NyZhsp_u Apeyh£qv$L$-A¡gp¡`r\L$ kpfhpf, fp¡X$-fõsp-`pZurhS>mu-kyfnp_u kyrh^p_u fpô²ue ep¡S>_p b_phhu. 10. dlÑd fp¡S>Npf A_¡ âÅ_y„ õhphg„b_ Åmhhp S>¡ hõsyAp¡ N°pçe DÛp¡Np¡dp„ _¡ _p_p DÛp¡Np¡dp„ b_phu iL$pe s¡_¡ dp¡V$p¡ DÛp¡Np¡dp„ b_phhp `f fpô²ue ârsb„^ dyL$hp¡. N°pçe DÛp¡Np¡_¡ A_¡ _p_p DÛp¡Np¡_¡ fpô²ue DÛp¡Np¡_p¡ `pep¡ b_phhp¡. h¡`pf n¡Óp¡dp„ rhv$¡iu A_¡ dp¡V$u L„$`_uAp¡_¡ _pb|v$ L$fu_¡ _p_p h¡`pf eyr_V$p¡-n¡Óp¡_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ Ap`hy„. dp¡V$u L„$`_uAp¡ dpÓ r_L$pk L$fu iL¡$ s¡hp¡ L$pev$p¡ L$fhp¡. 11. S>¡ il¡fp¡_u hõsu 10 gpM\u h^y R>¡. A¡hp il¡fp¡dp„ lh¡ _hp DÛp¡Np¡ D`f k„`|Z® ârsb„^ dyL$hp¡. _hp DÛp¡Np¡ A_¡ L©$rj Ap^pqfs DÛp¡Np¡_¡ afÆeps dp¡V$p il¡fp¡_u blpf_u lv$\u 30 L$u.du. v$|f NpdX$pAp¡dp„ S> d„S|>fu A_¡ dpmMpNs kyrh^p Ap`hu. 12. fpô²ue l¡sy dpV$¡ M¡X|$sp¡_u S>du_ Ar^N°lZ L$fhp_u \pe Ðepf¡ rhL$ë`¡ M¡X|$sp¡_¡ L$`ps\u v$p¡Y$ NZu kfL$pfu `X$sf S>du_ Ap`hp_p¡ A\hp S>du__p hpõsrhL$ cph\u v$p¡Y$u fL$d Q|L$hhp_p¡ rhL$ë` Ap`hp¡. DÛp¡Np¡ dpV$¡ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>u DÐ`pv$L$ L¡$ b„S>f S>du_ S> `k„v$ L$fhu.

39

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

13. L©$rj `¡v$pip¡_p dpg k„N°l dpV$¡ M¡sf¡ M¡sf¡ afÆeps Np¡X$pD__u ep¡S>_p b_phu. Np¡X$pD_ b_phhp M¡X|$s_¡ hNf ìepS>_u gp¡_ Ap`hu. 14. L©$rj, Np¡`pg_, N°pçe DÛp¡N, N°pçe krh^p_p _urs `„Qdp„ rb_ fpS>qL$e NpdX$p_p sS>o gp¡L$p¡_p¡ kdph¡i L$fhp¡. Aphp hpõshhpv$u `Ngp„Ap¡\u M¡X|$sp¡_u S>du__u dprgL$u S>mhpC fl¡i¡. L©$rj, qL$kp_p¡, NpdX$p„, Np¡h„i, `ep®hfZ Apbpv$ \i¡. v$¡i_p¡ L$pedu k„s|rgs rhL$pk \i¡. il¡fp¡_u kdõepAp¡dp„ r_e„ÓZ Aphi¡. Ap `Ngp„Ap¡ cpfs_¡ kyhZ®c|rd fpô² b_phi¡.

18. âL©$rs^d® Adpfp ds¡ âL©$rs^d®_p `p„Q dy¿e rkÙp„sp¡ : 1. î¡›$ Æh_ Æhhy„ A_¡ `p¡sp_p¡ î¡›$Ñd h„i r_dp®Z L$fhp¡. 2. Æh_v$psp A_¡ kyM-kd©rÙv$psp `p¡sp_p âv$¡i_p DÑd v$¡iu rbepfZp¡_y„ S>s_, k„h^®_ A_¡ rhõsfZ L$fhy„. 3. `p¡sp_p âv$¡i_p¡ Np¡h„i A_¡ `pgsy âpZuAp¡ Aïh, JV$, lp\u, O¡V$p, bL$fp, N^¡X$p A_¡ L|$sfp_p¡ d|m iyÙ h„i Åmhu s¡_y„ î¡›$Ñd k„h^®_ A_¡ S>s_ L$fhy„. 4. S>m, S>du_ hpey, S>„Ng, Np¥Qf c|rd_u iyÙsp Åmhhu A_¡ s¡_y„ S>s_ L$fhy„. 5. kL$g dp_hÅrs A_¡ kL$g Æhk©rô_p A[õsÐh_¡ õhuL$pfu_¡ s¡_u kp\¡ k„hpqv$sp A_¡ klep¡N\u Æhhy„. Ap L$pe® dp_h_p¡ âL©$rs^d®, S>Ns_p kS>®_lpf_p¡ k_ps_^d® A_¡ kpQp¡ fpô²^d® L¡$ rhíh^d® R>¡. S>¡_u ApNm k„âv$pep¡dS>lb A¡L$ sZMgp\u rhi¡j _\u. Ap\u L$p¡C A¡L$ ìer¼s, k„âv$pe L¡$ dS>lb_p Mug¡ b„^phy„ A¡ kpQy„ Æh_ _\u L¡$ S>Ns_p kS>®_lpf_p¡ ^d® _\u. kL$g Æhk©rô_p A¥ïhe®_¡ Ap¡mMhy„, `pdhy„ s¡_u kp\¡ k„hpqv$sp-klep¡N\u Æhhy„ A¡ âL©$rs^d® R>¡, fpô² ^d® R>¡. A_¡ S>Ns_p kS>®_lpf_p¡ `©Õhu_p âpf„c\u A„s ky^u_p¡ L$v$u _ bv$gsp¡ ipíhs L¡$ k_ps_ ^d® R>¡. Æh_, Npd, fpô² A_¡ S>Ns_p¡ rhL$pk dpÓ hpsp¡, cpjZp¡, _pfpAp¡, Apn¡`p¡ L¡$ dpÓ L$pNm-L$gd\u _l] \pe. v$¡i_p 18 \u 75 hj®_p _pNqfL¡$ dlp`y{jp\® L$fhp¡ S> `X$i¡. L$pdQp¡f A_¡ bugLy$g `y{jp\® _ L$f_pfp¡ dpZk `qfhpf, fpô² A_¡ `©Õhu `f cpfê$` A_¡ `p`u R>¡. `R>u... A¡ Nd¡ s¡V$gy„ cZ¡gp¡ ^_hp_ kÑp^ui L¡$ kp^y L¡$d _ lp¡e ? lh¡ ArcNd bv$guA¡ dpÓ DS>mp L$`X$p, `y{jp\®_u D`¡np A_¡ _¥rsL$ d|ëep¡ hNf_p rinZ_u `v$huAp¡ L¡$ L$d®lu_ A_¡ cp¡Nhpv$u kpdpÆL$, fpS>L$ue, ^prd®L$ `v$pr^L$pfuAp¡ L$fsp, dlp`y{jp\® L$f_pfp qL$kp_p¡, Np¡`pgL$p¡, L$pfuNfp¡, dS|>fp¡, kS>®L$p¡ A_¡ Apv$i® fus¡ Of Qgphsu. kßpfuAp¡_y„ Np¥fh L$fuA¡. s¡Ap¡_¡ dp_-Apv$f\u Å¡CA¡. L¡$d L¡$ s¡Ap¡_p `fk¡hp\u S> fpô² A_¡ S>Ns kyhprks R>¡. l¡ cpfshpkuAp¡... sdpfu CÃR>pir¼s-k„L$ë`ir¼s_¡ S>NpX$p¡, âpZhp_ b_p¡, `p¡sp_p L$d®-DÛp¡N_y„ Nl_ op_ d¡mhp¡, Ace b_p¡, oprs-Års-k„âv$pep¡_p N„^psp Ly$„X$pmpAp¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ A¡L$ Ape® âÅ-A¡L$ cpfsue âÅ \pAp¡, Æh_\u gB fpô²_p âï_p¡_¡ d|mdp„\u DM¡X$u_¡ a¢L$u v$p¡. Ap`Zp dlp`y{jp\®\u S> kyhZ®c|rd cpfs_y„ r_dpZ® \i¡. dpfp hlpgp, Qpgp¡ T¡fdy¼s-âpZhp_ Æ„v$Nu Æhu gCA¡.

40

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

d_kyMcpB kyhpNuep rgrMs kprlÐe : `yõsL$ rhsfZ k„¿ep 4 Npe N°„\ A_¡ Np¡h¡v$ N°„\. 58 lÅf 4 Apfp¡Áe v$psp v¡$iu Npe. 5.5 gpM 4 Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj-T¡fdy¼s tS>v$Nu. 40 lÅf 4 hufcÖp-L$p„L$f¡S> Npe Ap`Zp Ap„NZ¡. 10 lÅf 4 hky„^fp“p¡ h¥ch. b¡ lÅf 4 ÷u D`r_jv$. `p„Q lÅf d_kyMcpC kyhpNuep A_¡ S>m¾$p„rs V²$õV$_y„ v¡$i_¡ âv$p_> 4 âÅi[¼s\u v$¡idp„ Q¡L$X¡$d-smph ep¡S>_p_p¡ âpf„c L$fu v$¡i_¡ S>m¾$p„rs Ap`u. 3000 Q¡L$X¡$d-smph r_dp®Z L$ep®. 4 gp¡L$p¡_p„ Ap„NZ¡ b¡ gpM Nuf-L$p„L$f¡S> v$¡iu Npep¡ b„^phu_¡ Nuf Npe ¾$p„rs Ap`u. 10,000 Npdp¡dp„ A_¡ 12 fpÄep¡dp„ Ap„NZ¡ Np¡`pg_ iê$ L$fpìey„. 4 Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj ep¡S>_p Ap`u. fpÄe_p 200 Npdp¡dp„ kam `qfZpdp¡ d¡mìep„. 4 100 Åshp_ v¡$iu Ap„bp-v$¡iu h©np¡_u Åsp¡_p fnZ_u ep¡S>_p lp\ ^fu. 4 10,000 gp¡L$p¡_¡ ìek_dy¼s L$ep®. 4 v$¡i_p„ 5000\u h^y Npdp¡-il¡fp¡dp„ A¡L$\u A_¡L$hpf S>C_¡ 7000\u h^y b¡W$L$p¡, N°pdkcp, k„d¡g_p¡ ep¡Æ gp¡L$p¡_¡ Ap ep¡S>_pAp¡ A_¡ Npe Ap^pqfs Æh__u â¡fZp. S>m¾$p„rs V²$õV$_y„ Ýe¡e : 1. 10 gpM Åshp_ Nuf Npe r_dp®Z. 2. 11 gpM Åshp_ L$p„L$f¡S> Npe r_dp®Z. "L$p„L$f¡S> Np¡¾$p„rs' 3. cpfsdp„\u rhv$¡iu S>k}/A¡Q.A¡a. Å_hfp¡_¡ v$¡ihV$p¡. 4. cpfsdp„ 10 L$fp¡X$ Åshp_ v$¡iu Np¡h„i r_dp®Z. 5. v$¡i_p Npd¡ Npd Q¡L$X¡$d-smph-M¡s sgphX$u\u õhphg„bu S>mep¡S>_p. 6. fpkperZL$ Mpsfp¡-T¡f dy¼s, v$¡iu Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj. 7. v$¡iu Ap„bp, v$¡iu amp¡, ipL$cpÆ, A_pS>, dkpgp_u DÑd Åsp¡_y„ S>s_-k„h^®_. 8. cpfsue k„õL©$rs_u A_dp¡g ^fp¡lf_y„ S>s_. 9. ìek_dy¼s-âpZhp_ âÅ\u kyhZ®c|rd cpfs_y„ r_dp®Z. 10. "âL©$rs^d®'_u âõ\p`_p. ApNpdu hj®¡ cpfsepÓp L$fu_¡ 31 fpÄep¡dp„ ê$bê$ S>B, A¡L$ gpM `yõsL$p¡_p rhsfZ kp\¡ D`fp¡¼s L$pep£_u â¡fZp Ap`u_¡ k„L$ë` g¡hX$phi¡. Np¡dpsp-cpfsdpsp_u DÞ_qs_p Ap dlpL$pe®dp„ s_-d_-^_\u Å¡X$php Ap`_¡ Aphpl_ R>¡. Aphp¡, kp\¡ dmu_¡ cpfs_¡ kyh®Zc|rd fpô²$ b_phuA¡. k„`L®$ : ãgp¡V¡$L$ `„`_y `l¡gp A_¡ R>¡ëgp `p_¡ kf_pdy„ Å¡hy„.

41

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

ãgp¡V$¡L$ d„Ó S>Ns_p DÛp¡Np¡A¡ dpÓ ^_ âprá A_¡ ârkrÙ `pR>m Ap„^mu v$p¡V$ gNphu R>¡, Ðepf¡ Adpfu ãgp¡V$¡L$ kbdrk®bg `„` L„$`_u_¡ Ad¡ k„õL©$rsfnp A_¡ fpô²cr¼s_y„ L¡$ÞÖ b_pìey„ R>¡. v c|rdk„õL$pf : _hp„ k„Ly$g_p r_dp®Z `l¡gp khp dpk Npep¡_y„ ^Z b¡kpX$u, Qpfp¡-`pZu\u Np¡h„i_¡ s©á L$fu c|rd`ph_ k„õL$pf L$ep®. v c|rd`|S>_ : S>mfnp-Np¡k¡hp kp\¡ Å¡X$pe¡gp„ 108 k¡hpcphu qL$kp_p¡ A_¡ Np¡`pgL$ v$„`rs_p lõs¡ h¥qv$L$ eo, c|rd`|S>_ A_¡ MpsdylŸs® L$ep®. v d„Ng Dv$OpV$_ : `|Äe dp¡fpqfbp`y_p lõs¡ Np¡h¡v$ rhdp¡Q_\u _hp ãgp¡V$¡L$ k„Ly$g_y„ 3500 M¡X|$sp¡Np¡`pgL$p¡_u lpS>fudp„ d„Ng Dv$¹OpV$_. v eok„õL$pf : Aßv$psp c|rd_¡ âZpd L$fu_¡ L„$`_udp„ âh¡i. khpf¡ âp\®_p\u L$pe®_p¡ âpf„c. L„$`_udp„ b^p rhcpNdp„ khpf¡ Npe_p Ou_p v$uhp. khpf-kp„S> Ar‚lp¡Ó eo. v k„õL©$rs : ãgp¡V$¡L$_p Ap„NZ¡ Åshp_ v$¡iu Np¡h„i A_¡ Npe_p Np¡bf-Np¡d|Ó\u T¡fdy¼s ipL$cpÆ v AprsÕe : qL$kp_p¡-dl¡dp_p¡ dpV$¡ qL$kp_ Ly$qV$f A_¡ L$pW$uephpX$u dl¡dp_Nrs. v ìek_dyr¼s : L„$`_udp„ sdpLy$-buX$u-dkpgp_p¡ ârsb„^ A_¡ `¡àku-L$p¡L$pL$p¡gp S>¡hp T¡fu W$„X$p

`uZp_p¡ ârsb„^. õhÃR>sp A_¡ Apfp¡Áefnp dpV¡$ cpfsue kæesp A_ykpf `pZu JQ¡\u `uhp_p¡ r_ed. v âL©$rsfnp : 2.5 gpM guV$f hfkpv$u `pZu_p¡ k„N°l A_¡ DÅ® bQs_p Dv$¡¹i\u Np¡bf N¡k\u fkp¡C. v L$d®ep¡N : 0.5 lp¡.`p.\u 100 lp¡.`p._p ISI õV$pÞX$X®$\u 10 \u 35 V$L$p h^y L$pe®nd 1500 dp¡X¡$ëk.

rhS>mu bQsdp„ apChõV$pf NyZhÑp. ap¡ëV$ dy¼s-hjp£ ky^u V$L$pD `„`_y„ r_dp®Z. v N°plL$ k¡hp : L$p¡C S> _ap hNf S|>_p `„`_y„ fu`¡qf»N L$fu Ap`su v$¡i_u â\d L„$`_u. v qL$kp_ d„Ó : l„d¡ip î¡›$Ñd ¼hp¡rgV$u_p S> kbdkubg `„` k¡V$ A_¡ ¼hp¡rgV$u A_¡ `yfp N¡CS>_p `pB`, L¡$bg, õV$p®V$f Mfuv$hp. ¼hp¡rgV$u kp^_p¡ S> kfhpm¡ kõsp `X¡$ R>¡. v fpô²k¡hp : kdN° v$¡idp„\u Aphsp qL$kp_p¡, Np¡`pgL$p¡, gp¡L$p¡_¡ S>mfnp, Np¡fnp, Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj,ìek_dy¼s A_¡ âpZhp_ tS>v$Nu_u â¡fZp. v ãgp¡V$¡L$ d„Ó : DÛp¡N A¡ dpÓ ^_ L$dphp_p¡ ^„^p¡ _\u, `Z fpô²cr¼s_p¡ L$d®ep¡N R>¡. v k„v$¡i : Of, DÛp¡N, õL|$g,Apîdp¡, kpdprS>L$ k„õ\pAp¡ A_¡ ^d®õ\p_p¡dp„ _|s_ `Ngp„ cfu_¡

cpfs_¡ kyhZ®c|rd fpô² b_phuA¡. d“kyMcpC kyhpNuep A¡d.X$u. ãgp¡V¡$L$ ‘„‘

qL$ip¡fcpC fpv$qX$ep X$uf¡L$V$f ãgp¡V¡$L$ ‘„‘

rh“ycpC Apkp¡v$fuep X$uf¡L$V$f ãgp¡V¡$L$ ‘„‘

42

L$íe` A¡d. kyhpNuep X$uf¡L$V$f ãgp¡V¡$L$ ‘„‘

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

:: S>m¾$p„rs V²$õV$ :: âdyM D`âdyM dp_v$ d„Óu kl$d„Óu MÅ_Qu V²$õV$u

: d_kyMcpB A¡g. kyhpNuep - fpS>L$p¡V$ : fpdLy$cpB A¡d. MpQf - fpS>L$p¡V$ : k„sp¡jcpB S>¡. kuZp¡rS>ep - fpS>L$p¡V$ : cfscpB A¡d. NpÆ`fp - fpS>L$p¡V$ : hëgccpB `u. V$pY$pZu - fpS>L$p¡V$ : âazëgcpB A¡d. k¢S>rgep - dp„X$hX$p : d_kyMcpB A¡d. hOprkep - dy„bB : `fkp¡ÑdcpB Apf. kuv$`fp - ÅdL$p : Np¡`pgcpB Apf. L$p¡V$qX$ep - fpS>L$p¡V$ : d_kyMcpB Qp¡`X$p - ÅdM„cpmuep : v¡$hL$fZcpB ApÖp¡Å - dp¡fbu : fs_cNs fpW$hp - c¡MqX$ep : Np¡`pgcpC AL$bfu - Åd_Nf : c|`scpB A¡d. Ap¡X¡v$fp - âp„kgp : dl¡ÞÖcpB Np„^u - dpmuep lpV$u_p : cfscpB Æ. `V¡$g (riMp^f)

43

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj

44

Npe Ap^pqfs L©$rj