m~wPcÎ c`v‡_©i hvwš¿K ¸Yv¸Y...................................................................................................1 Pzb...........................................................................................................................2 ‡m‡bUvix ev g„ZcY¨.....................................................................................................3 wU¤^vi........................................................................................................................4 AšÍiK mvgMÖx.............................................................................................................6 ‡j․nRvZ mvgMÖx...........................................................................................................7 cv_i........................................................................................................................9 cv_‡ii wewfbœ Lab Test............................................................................................10 BU.........................................................................................................................13 B‡Ui Kv`vi gvwU cixÿv..............................................................................................17 B‡Ui wewfbœ Lab Test...............................................................................................18 evwj.......................................................................................................................19 wm‡g›U....................................................................................................................21 wm‡g›U Gi wewfbœ cixÿv mgyn.......................................................................................24 wewfbœ cÖKvi KswµU....................................................................................................25 gvmbix...................................................................................................................32 `vjv‡bi Av`ª©Zv.........................................................................................................33 cøv÷vwjs Ges c‡qw›Us.................................................................................................34 †cBw›Us Ges fvwb©wks..................................................................................................36 `iRv I Rvbvjv.........................................................................................................38 Kv‡c©w›Uª I R‡qbvix....................................................................................................40 ¯‥¨v‡dvwìs................................................................................................................41 dg© IqvK©................................................................................................................42 wbg©vY hš¿cvZx..........................................................................................................43 wWRvBb †KvW I we¯ÍvwiZ bKkv.....................................................................................44 `vjvb.....................................................................................................................47 wewìs mvwf©‡mm.........................................................................................................50 `vjv‡bi †KvW Ges Dcwewa..........................................................................................53 evwo wbg©vY msµvšÍ wKQz we‡kl Z_¨vw`.............................................................................55 `vjv‡bi Bbmy¨‡jkb....................................................................................................71 AvP© I wj‡›Uj...........................................................................................................72 ‡g‡S......................................................................................................................74 exg........................................................................................................................79 U.S.D c×wZ‡Z Avi.wm.wm ex‡gi †d¬·vi m~Î..................................................................93 Kjvg......................................................................................................................95 wmwo.......................................................................................................................98 wfwË ev eywbqv`........................................................................................................100 evua I Gge¨vK‡g›U...................................................................................................104 IqvUvi wi‡mv‡m©m BwÄwbqvwis......................................................................................109 KvjfvU© I eªxR........................................................................................................112 cvBj....................................................................................................................114 A¨vsKi..................................................................................................................118 gwUi fvienb ÿgZv.................................................................................................119

gvwU msµvšÍ Z_¨vw`..................................................................................................122 Uªvm......................................................................................................................131 ‡ijI‡q BwÄwbqvwis..................................................................................................134 Gqvi‡cvU© BwÄwbqvwis...............................................................................................140 nvBI‡q BwÄwbqvwis..................................................................................................142 mv‡f©wqs.................................................................................................................156 e¨envwiK †R¨vwZwe©Ávb..............................................................................................165 mgq.....................................................................................................................166 wfwˇiLv m¤ú‡K© Rvbv...............................................................................................167 wWwRUvj w_I‡WvjvBU................................................................................................168 ‡UvUvj †÷k‡bi Kvh©bxwZ I e¨envi..............................................................................169 wRwcGm wiwmfvi......................................................................................................171 cÖKí Rwic............................................................................................................172 Uªvm......................................................................................................................173 mggvwÎK Awf‡ÿc ev `„k¨.........................................................................................175 Gw÷‡gwUs GÛ Kw÷s................................................................................................176 Gbfvqib‡g›Uvj BwÄwbqvwis.......................................................................................183

c`v‡_©i hvwš¿K ¸Yv¸Y 1| cxob (Stress) : evwni n‡Z †Kvb e¯‧i GKK †ÿÎd‡ji Dci cÖhy³ e‡ji wecix‡Z m„ó evav`vbKvix cÖwZwµqv ej‡K cxob e‡j| Stress 

Load Area

2) weK…wZ (Strain) : ej cÖ‡qv‡M †Kvb e¯‧i GKK •`‡N©¨i cwieZ©b‡K weK…wZ e‡j| 3) w¯
wZ¯
vcKZv (Elasticity) : ej cÖ‡qv‡M e¯‧i AvK…wZi cwieZ©b nq| †Kvb e¯‧i †h a‡g©i Rb¨ Gi Dc‡i cÖhy³ ej mwi‡q wb‡j e¯‧wU Zvi Av‡Mi AvK…wZ‡Z wd‡i Av‡m Zv‡K w¯
wZ¯
vcKZv e‡j| 4) `„pZvi ¸YvsK (Modulus of Rigidity) : K…šÍb cxob I K…šÍb weK…wZi AbycvZ‡K `„pZvi ¸YvsK e‡j| 5) evé gWzjvm (Bulk Modulus) : ej cÖ‡qv‡M AvqZwbK cxob I AvqZwbK weK…wZi AbycvZ‡K evé gWzjvm e‡j| 6) cqm‡bi AbycvZ : ej cÖ‡qv‡M e¯‧i AvovAvwo weK…wZ I j¤^vjw¤^ weK…wZi AbycvZ‡K cqm‡bi AbycvZ e‡j| 7) bgbxqZv (Plasticity) : ej cÖ‡qv‡M e¯‧i AvK…wZi cwieZ©b nq| †Kvb e¯‧i †h a‡g©i Rb¨ Gi Dc‡i cÖhy³ ej mwi‡q wb‡jI e¯‧wU Zvi Av‡Mi AvK…wZ‡Z wd‡i Av‡mbv Zv‡K bgbxqZv e‡j| †hgb- mxmv bgbxq c`v‡_©i DrK…ó D`vniY| 8) AbgbxqZv (Stiffness) : w¯
wZ¯
vcK mxgvi g‡a¨ †Kvb e¯‧i weK…wZ cÖwZ‡iva Kivi ÿgZv‡K weK…wZ e‡j| A_©vr, †h a‡g©i Rb¨ †Kvb weK…wZ e¨wZ‡i‡LB †Kvb c`v_© me©vwaK cxob wb‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K AbgbxqZv e‡j| 9) cÖmvh©Zv (Ductility) : e¯‧i †h a‡g©i Rb¨ Gi Dci Uvbv ej cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j e¯‧wU w¯
wZ¯
vcK mxgvi g‡a¨ bv wQ‡o µgvMZ j¤^v n‡Z _v‡K Zv‡K cÖmvh©Zv e‡j| 10) NvZmnZv (Malleability) : ‡h a‡g©i Rb¨ ej cÖ‡qv‡M e¯‧i bgbxq weK…wZ NU‡Z _v‡K Zv‡K NvZmnZv e‡j| †h e¯‧i cÖmvh©Zv AwaK, Zvi NvZmnZvI AwaK| 11) KvwVb¨ (Toughness) : †h a‡g©i Rb¨ e¯‧ AvNv‡Z AwePj _v‡K Zv‡K KvwVb¨ e‡j| 12) f½yiZv (Brittleness) : ‡h a‡g©i Rb¨ ej cÖ‡qv‡M mvgvb¨ weK…wZ‡ZB †Kvb e¯‧ †f‡O hvq Zv‡K f½yiZv e‡j| †hgb- BU, cv_i 13) d¨vwUM (Fatigue) : e¯‧i †h a‡g©i Rb¨ GwU cyb: cyb: Gi Dci cÖhy³ cxob cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z mÿg nq Zv‡K d¨vwUM e‡j| GKwU Zvi mivmwi †U‡b †Qov KóKi| wKšÍ evi evi Gw`K Iw`K Ki‡j GwU wQ‡o hvq| d¨vwUM a‡g©i Rb¨ GUv n‡q _v‡K|

14) w¯
wZ¯
vcb ÿgZv (Resilience) : w¯
wZ¯
vcK mxgvi g‡a¨ e¯‧i kw³ m‡qi ÿgZv‡K w¯
wZ¯
vcb ÿgZv e‡j| 15) gš
i weK…wZ (Creep) : `xN©Kvj hveZ AcwieZ©bxq ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi Kvi‡Y e¯‧i wa‡i wa‡i weK…wZ NU‡Z _v‡K| G‡K gš
i weK…wZ e‡j| †hgb- exg I Kjv‡gi weK„wZ|

Pzb (Lime) 1) Pzb : Pzb nj GKwU †RvoK c`v_©| K¨vjwmqvg Gi A·vBW ev nvBWª·vBW †h․M‡K Pzb e‡j| ‡hgb t- K¨vjwmqvg A·vBW (CaO) , K¨vjwmqvg nvBWª·vBW [Ca(OH ) 2 ] 2) K¨vjwm‡bkb : K¨vjwmqvg Kv‡e©v‡bU‡K (CaCO3 ) DËß Ki‡j GUv †f‡½ K¨vjwmqvg A·vBW (CaO) I Kve©b-WvB-A·vBW (CO2 ) M¨vm •Zwi K‡i| GB cÖK…qv‡K K¨vjwm‡bkb e‡j| D‡jøL¨ †h, K¨vjwmqvg A·vBW (CaO) , KzBK jvBg wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| CaCO3   CaO + CaO

3) KzBK jvBg : K¨vjwmqvg A·vBW (CaO) Gi Aci bvg KzBK jvBg| 4) ‡¯øwKs : K¨vjwmqvg A·vBW (CaO) , Gi mv‡_ hLb cvwb wgwkÖZ Kiv nq ZLb GUv cÖPzi cwigv‡Y Zvc wbM©Z K‡i Ges K¨vjwmqvg nvBWª·vBW [Ca(OH ) 2 ] G cwiYZ nq| GB K¨vjwmqvg nvBWª·vBW [Ca(OH ) 2 ] †K nvB‡Wª‡UW jvBg ev †¯ø‡KW ivBg I e‡j| †h cÖK…qvq GB †¯ø‡KW jvBg •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K †¯øwKs e‡j| 5) Pz‡bi cÖKvi‡f` : 1) awbK Pzb 2) J`K Pzb 3 cÖvK…wZK Pzb 6) Pz‡bi ¸bv¸Y D‡jøL Ki : 1) Pz‡bi f¯§xKiY 2) Pz‡bi KjxKiY 3) Pz‡bi RgvUe×Zv 4) Pz‡bi cvwb‡hvRb 5) Pz‡bi J‡`vKZv 7) gvV ch©v‡q Pz‡bi fvjg›` eySvi Dcvq : 1) AKwjK…Z Pzb k³ wcÛvKv‡i _vK‡e| cvDWvi n‡j Pz‡bi ¸Yv¸Y bó nq| 2) Pz‡bi †Kvb cÖKvi Rvjvbx QvB _vK‡e bv| 3) Pz‡b cvwb w`‡i wnmwnm kã n‡e Ges Zvc Drcbœ n‡e|

‡m‡bUvix ev g„ZcY¨ 1) †m‡bUvix cY¨ I wkjv c‡Y¨i Dcv`v‡bi ZvwjKv : wmwjKv -- SiO2 Gjywgbv -- Al2O3 Avqib A·vBW -- Fe2O3 ¸ov Kiv wkjvcY¨

75% 25% 1% Aí cwigvb

2) ‡Uiv‡KvUv : †Uiv‡KvUv j¨vwUb kã hvi A_© †cvovgvwU| G¸‡jv cv_‡ii weKí wn‡m‡e Bgvi‡Z AjsKvigyjK Kv‡R, AwMœ‡ivaK Av‪Qv`‡b e¨envi nq| 3) †Uiv‡KvUvi Dcv`v‡bi ZvwjKv †`qv nj : wmwjKv -- SiO2 Gjywgbv -- Al2O3 Avqib A·vBW -- Fe2O3 jvBg -- CaO g¨vM‡bwmqv -- MgO ¶viKxq c`v_© ‣Re c`v_© cvwb

73% 10% 3% 1% 0.2% 0.3% 7% 5.5%

4) †Uiv‡KvUvi e¨envi :  Bgvi‡Zi KvwY©m, AvP©, Kjvg I wcjv‡ii †eBR I K¨vwcUv‡j  AjsKvi g~jK Kv‡R, fv¯‥h© g~jK Kv‡R, ‡m․›`h© g~jK Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv nq  AwMœ‡ivaK Av‪Qv`b •Zwi‡Z e¨envi Kiv nq 5) c‡m©wjb : c‡m©wjb GK we‡kl ai‡bi g„rcY¨| AwaK cwigv‡b wmwjKv I A¨vjywgbv mg„× Ò‡KIwjbÓ g„wËKv w`‡q c‡m©wjb •Zix Kiv nq| G¸‡jv mv`v e‡Y©i cY¨| wewfbœ cÖKvi m¨vwbUvix mvgMÖx †hgb, ev_Uve, Iqvm †ewmb, ‡cqvjv, BDwibvj, BZ¨vw` •Zwi‡Z c‡m©wjb e¨venvi Kiv nq| 6) DËg Uvwji •ewkó¨ :  G¸‡jv wbw`©ó AvKv‡ii n‡e  G¸‡jv euvKv‡bv, †`vgiv‡bv, †Zveiv‡bv, †gvQov‡bv, n‡e bv|  G¸‡jv wQ`ª I duvUj gy³ n‡e|  G¸‡jvi eY© mvg¨ e‡Y©i n‡e|  G¸‡jv DËgiy‡c †cvov‡bv n‡e|  G¸‡jv `„p, k³ I kw³kvjx n‡e| 7) wmivwg‡Ki ag© :  G¸‡jv KvPv Ae¯
vq CwáZ AvKvi †`qv hvq  G¸‡jv †cvov‡bvi ci †ek †UKmB nq  G¸‡jv Gwm‡W AvµvšZ nq bv

       

G¸‡jv‡Z wbw`©ó is Kiv hvq Ges is ¯
vqx nq G¸‡jv †ek k³ I gReyZ G¸‡jv AvenvIqv wµqvq AvµvšZ nq bv G¸‡jvi MVb mgeyb‡Ui Ges KvwVb¨Zv AwaK G¸‡jvi Kv`v †j․n gy³ K‡i G¸‡j †K aea‡e mv`v Kiv hvq G¸‡jv Zvc I we`¨yr Acwievnx G¸‡jvi cÖmviY I ms‡KvPb LyeB Kg G¸‡jv je‡b I cvwb‡Z AvµvšÍ nq bv| G¸‡jv evqy‡ivax

wU¤^vi 1) wU¤^vi : cÖ‡K․kj Kv‡R e¨envi Dc‡hvMx Kgc‡¶ 0.6 wgUvi †e‡oi e„¶ KvÛ n‡Z cÖvß wbw`©ó AvKvi AvK…wZi KvV‡K wU¤^vi e‡j| 2) DrK…ógv‡bi wU¤^v‡ii •ewkó :  G¸‡jv k³, LyZnxb, NvZ mnbxq, ¯
vqxZ¡kxj I †UKmB n‡e|  G¸‡jv‡Z is Gi mv¤§Zv _vK‡e| Mvp is Gi wU¤^vi †K fvj gv‡bi wU¤^vi wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq|  G¸‡jv `yM©Ü, im gy³ I ÎywUgy³ gy³ n‡e|  nvZzix Øviv AvNvZ Ki‡j ¯úó kã n‡e|  G¸‡jvi Avk mij I gm„b n‡e|  G¸‡jv cÖvß eq¯‥ Mv‡Qi mvivsm n‡Z M„nxZ n‡e|  G¸‡jv Av‡ki mgvšÍiv‡j †PivB K‡i cvIqv hv‡e|  GMy‡jvi NbZ¡& AwaK n‡e|  G¸‡jv cÖPzi Pvc mn¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|  G¸‡jvi w¯
wZ¯
vcK ¸Y _vK‡e|  G¸‡jv AwMœ‡ivax n‡e I  G¸‡jv mn‡R e¨envi Kiv hv‡e| 3) Kv‡Vi Kv‡R e¨eüZ wKQz cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ : jM: kvLv cÖkvLv †Qw`Z KvUv Mv‡Qi Kvh©Kix •`‡N©¨i KvÛ‡K (†gvUv‡mvUv Wvj‡KI) jM e‡j| Kv‡Vi Kwo: †MvjvKvi j‡Mi evB‡ii w`K n‡Z PviLvb LÛ †PivvB Ki‡j Pvi‡Kvbv AvK…wZi †h j¤^vKvV cvIqv hvq Zv‡K Kv‡Vi Kwo e‡j| jv¤^vi: Kiv‡Zi mvnv‡q¨ Kv‡Vi Kwo‡K wef³ Ki‡j jv¤^vi cvIqv hvq| Z³v: mgvšÍivj cvk©wewkó, 2.5 wgUvi n‡Z 6 wgUvi j¤^v, 2.5 †mt wgt n‡Z 10 †mt wgt cyiy Ges 20 †mt wgt †_‡K 40 †mt wgt PIov KvV‡K Z³v e‡j| Wxj: 5 †mt wgt n‡Z 10 †mt wgt cyiy Ges 22 †mt wgt Gi Kg PIov Z³v‡K Wxj e‡j|

e¨v‡Ub: 4 †mt wgt n‡Z 5 †mt wgt cyiy Ges 22 †mt wgt Gi Kg PIov Z³v‡K e¨v‡Ub e‡j| †evW©: 5 †mt wgt Gi cyiy Ges 15 †mt wgt Gi5†ewk PIov Z³v‡K †evW© e‡j| ¯‥¨v›Uwjs: Kv‡Vi bvbv AvK…wZi UzKiv‡K ¯‥¨v›Uwjs e‡j| G¨vÛ: Z³v, e¨v‡Ub, Wxj BZ¨vw`i cª‡qvRbxq Ask KvUvi ci LyPiv hv cvIqv hvq Zv GÛ| †cvj: Abya© 20 †mt wgt e¨vm wewkó wMiv I Ab¨vb¨ †`vl gy³ †MvjvKvi jM‡K †cvj e‡j| n¨vÛ gv÷: 5 †mt wgt n‡Z 20 †mt wgt e¨vm wewkó †cvj‡K n¨vÛ gv÷ e‡j| BbP gv÷: 60 †mt wgt Gi AwaK e¨vm wewkó †cvj‡K BbP gv÷ e‡j| ivd wU¤^vi: KzVv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ †gvUvgywU Aóf~R AvK…wZi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡` iæcvšÍwiZ jM‡K ivd wU¤^vi e‡j| wfwbqvi: Kv‡Vi jM n‡Z, aviv‡jv A‡¯¿i mvnv‡h¨ we‡kl cÖK…qvq Lye Kg cyi‡Z¡i (0.4-0.6 wgt wgt) cvZ Zz‡j †bqv nq| G‡K wfwbqvi e‡j| cøvB DW: Kgc‡¶ 3 Uv wfwbqvi ci¯úi Av‡ki mg‡Kv‡Y †i‡L, GKUvi ci GKUv AvVv w`‡q jvwM‡q cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 10-15 †KwR Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i GKwU Kv‡V cwiYZ Kiv nq| G‡K cøvB DW e‡j| 6) †PivB wU¤^v‡ii AcP‡qi cwigvb : K) evKj L) Rjxq KYv M) cvk©¯j¨ve I cwicvwUKib N) Kiv‡Zi ¸ov †gvU AcPq

= 5% = 5% = 18% = 12% = 40%

7) h©ea©K `ªe¨ •Zwi‡Z e¨eüZ nq, hvi ¸YMZgvb , Zvc kã, AwMœ‡iva‡Ki gvÎv IRb BÎvw` cAq Kv‡Vi gZ, †m¸‡jv‡K KvV m`„k mvgMÖx e‡j| †hgb- wfwbqvi, cøvBDW, cvi‡U· †evW©, nvW©‡evW©, dvBevi †evW© BZ¨vw`| 8) wfwbqvi : 1.5 wgwg †_‡K 6 wgwg cyiæ K‡i †PivB Kiv cvZjv KviVi cvZ‡K wfwbqvi e‡j| mvaviYZ gyj¨evb KvV †hgb- †m¸b, ‡gnMwb BZ¨vw` KvV †_‡K wfwbqvi msMÖn Kiv nq| G¸‡jv wewfbœ †kvfvea©b Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv nq| 9) cøvB DW : Kgc‡ÿ 3 Uv wfwbqvi GKmv‡_ Av‡ki mgvšÍiv‡j AvVv w`‡q jvwM‡q cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 15 †KwR Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i GK Kv‡V cwibZ K‡i †h KvV ‣Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K cøvB DW e‡j| G¸‡jv Kv‡Vi weKí wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq|

10) cvi‡U· †evW© : cvi‡U· †evW© GKvU KvV m`„k mvgMÖx| GwU •Zwii cÖavb Dcv`vb n‡‪Q cvVKvwV, wfwbqvi I Kvô LÛ| G¸‡jv 6, 12, 18, 25 wgwg cyiæ‡K¡, 120 †mwg * 240 †mwg AvKv‡i evRv‡i cvIqv hvq| iæwP m¤§Z AvmevecÎ, cvwU©kb †`qvj, †Uwej •Zwi‡Z G¸‡jv e¨envi Kiv nq| 11) Kv‡Vi wmRwbs : m`¨ †PiB Kiv ev †fRv KvV †_‡K cvwb‡K Kwg‡q AvenvIqvi mgcwigvY Kiv‡KB KvV wmRwbs e‡j| mvaviYZ †PivB Kv‡V 40 ‡_‡K 60% cvwb _v‡K| wmRwbs Gi gva¨‡g GB cvwb‡K Kwg‡q 6 †_‡K 15% G G‡b KvV‡K e¨env‡ii Dc‡hvMx Kiv nq| 12) KvV wcÖRvi‡fk‡bi Dc‡hvMxZv : 1) G Kv‡V †cvKvq AvµvšÍ nqbv| 2) cvwb‡Z mn‡R bó nqbv| 3) Kv‡Vi `xN©¨ ¯
vwqZ¡Zv e„w× cvq| 4) wewfbœ AvmevecÎ, B‡jw±ªK †cvj •Zwi‡Z G‡K e¨envi Kiv hvq 12) Kv‡Vi †`vl-ÎæwU : 1) wMU 2) duvUj 3) Dëv ev †gvPov‡bv Auvk 4) †eu‡K hvIqv

AšÍiK mvgMÖx 1) AšÍiK mvgMÖx : †h mvgMÖxi gva¨‡g kw³ mÂvwiZ n‡Z cv‡i bv Ges †h mvMÖxi †fZi w`‡qI kã mÂvwiZ nqbv Zv‡K AšÍiK mvgMÖx e‡j| †hgb, KvV, G‡evbvBU, ivevi, Zzjv, KK©, Gm‡emUm BZ¨vw` 2) wc.wf.wm : wc.wf.wm (P.V.C) Gi c~Y© A_© Poly Venile Chloride | GUv cøvw÷K RvZxq mvgMÖx| fvj •e`¨ywZK AšÍiK| •e`y¨wZK Zvi Ave„Z Ki‡Y eûj e¨eüZ nq| 3) AšÍiK mvgMÖx wn‡m‡e A¨vm‡emUm Gi e¨envi : 1) A¨vm‡emU‡mi Zvc cwievwnZvi gvÎv Kg ZvB G¸‡jv Zvc AšÍiK wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq 2) G¸‡jv mí •`‡N©¨i Zš‧ w`‡q nvjKv IR‡bi †evW©, K¬_ BZ¨vw` •Zwi K‡i AšÍiK mvgMÖx wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq 3) ‡h‡nZz G¸‡jv wb¤œZvc cwievnx ¸Ym¤úbœ ZvB G¸‡jvi •Zwi AwMœ‡ivaK Kvco Ges •e`¨ywZK AšÍiK mvgMÖx B‡jw±ªwkqvb I dvqvig¨vb e¨envi K‡i _v‡K| 4) G¸‡jvi •Zwi KvMR •e`y¨wZK AšÍiK wn‡m‡e •e`¨ywZK gUi I K‡q‡ji Abve„Z •e`y¨wZK Zvi Av‪Qv`‡b e¨eüZ nq| 5) G¸‡jvi Zš‧ •e`y¨wZK Zvi Bbmy‡jk‡b Ges G¸‡jvi kxU myBP e· I wdD‡Ri cvwU©kb I jvvBwbs G e¨eüZ nq| 4) R¡vjvbx : R¡vjvbx gyjZ nvBWªKve©b| †h mKj c`v‡_© ivmvqwbK I AvbweK kw³ we`¨gvb Ges wbqwš¿Z nv‡i Zvckw³ cvIqv hvq Zv‡K R¡vjvbx e‡j| 5) wcw”QjKviK : hš¿ ev Bwćbi Kvh©iZ Ask¸‡jv‡K wcw‪Qj K‡i Nl©Y, ÿq I kw³i AcPq Kwg‡q `ÿZv I Avqy¯‥vj evov‡bvi Rb¨ †h mKj c`v_© e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K wcw‪QjKviK e‡j|

6) ‡dmbvi : Kv‡Vi R‡q›U †K kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ †jvnv, KvV ev euv‡ki •Zwi †h miÄvg e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K †dmbvi e‡j 7) wcw”QjKvi‡Ki e¨env‡ii myweav : 1) G¸‡jv hš¿ ev Bwćbi Kvh©iZ Pjgvb Ask‡K Nl©YRwbZ ÿq n‡Z iÿv K‡i, Zvc evo‡Z Ges mnR PjvP‡j mnvqZv K‡i †`qbv 2) Bwćbi Kvh©Kv‡j kw³i AePq Kgvq 3) avZe c„‡ô e¨env‡i Aw·‡Wkb †iva K‡i 4) QvuP n‡Z mvgMÖx Acmvi‡Y mnvqZv K‡i 8) cøvw÷Km : D‪P AvbweZ IR‡bi cÖvK…wZK ev K…wÎg •Re †h․M †K ZzjbvgyjK ga¨gv‡bi ZvcgvÎvq DËß K‡i Pvc w`‡q VvÛv Ki‡j †h mvgMÖx cvIqv hvq Zv‡K cøvw÷Km e‡j| 9) _v‡g©vcøvw÷Km : †h mKj cøvw÷Km GKevi DËß K‡i XvjvB Kivi ci cybivq Avi XvjvB Kiv hvqbv Zv‡K _v‡g©vcøvw÷Km e‡j| †hgb, †dbj digvjwWnvBW, BDwiqv digvjwWnvBW, †dbj, GjKvBW 10) cwjgvi : eû‡hvRb cÖK…qvq cøvw÷Km Gi GKvwaK Aby GKwÎZ n‡q †h e„nr Abyi •Zwi K‡i Zv‡K cwjgvi e‡j| 11) g‡bvgvi : A‡bK ¸‡jv cwjgvi GKwÎZ n‡q †h e„nr Aby •Zwi K‡i Zv‡K g‡bvgvi e‡j|

‡j․nRvZ mvgMÖx 1) wcM Avqib : †jvnvi AvKiwiK‡K evZ¨vPzwjø‡Z D‪PZv‡c cywo‡q weMjb cÖK…qvq cÖvß Aweï× †jvnv‡K wcM Avqib e‡j| G¸‡jv cÖ‡K․kj Kv‡Ri Dc‡hvMx bq| 2) XvjvB †jvnv : wcM Avqi‡bi mwnZ weMjK wn‡m‡e Pzbvcv_o wgwkÖZ K‡i Pzwjø‡Z weMwjZ K‡i cÖvß †jvnv‡K XvjvB †jvnv e‡j| G¸‡jv CwáZ AvKv‡i †gvj‡W XvjvB Kiv nq| G¸‡jv cvBc, g¨vb‡nvj Kfvi, Kjvg, PvKv, hš¿vsk, †MU †iwjs, †ij †Pqvi, †ij †iwjs BZ¨vw` •Zwi‡Z e¨envi Kiv nq| 3) ‡cUv †jvnv : †cUv †jvnv cÖvq weï× †jvnv| wcM Avqib‡K c¨vMwjs cÖK…qvq †kvwaZ I Kve©bgy³ K‡i †cUv †jvnv •Zwi Kiv nq| G‡Z Kve©‡bi cwigvY 0.25 % Gi Kg| GMy‡jv AjsK…Z †MU, †iwjs, wmuwo, UvBiW, ‡c&iU wU G‡½j cvBc, Zvi wi‡fU BZ¨vw` •Zwi‡Z e¨envi Kiv nq| 4) B¯úvZ : B¯úvZ †jvn I Kve©‡bi avZz ksKi| G‡Z Kve©‡bi cwigvY

0.25 %  1.5%

5) ‡÷Bb‡jm w÷j : GUv Lye k³, ÿq‡ivaK, PKP‡K I gwiPv‡ivax msKi B¯úvZ| G¸‡jv‡Z †µvwgqvg Ges 8 %  14 % wb‡Kj _v‡K|

11%  24%

6) †µvwgqvg B¯úvZ : GUv Lye k³, D‪P kw³kvjx I NvZ mnbxq| 0.20 %  1.5% Kve©b m¤úbœ B¯úv‡Zi mwnZ 0.5 %  2 % †µvwgqvg Gi wgkÖ‡Y †µvwgqvg B¯úvZ •Zwi Kiv nq| G¸‡jv evUvjx, †iZ, wWªj, Q †eøW BZ¨vw` •Zwi‡Z e¨envi Kiv nq| 7) `¯ÍvgywÛZ B¯úvZ : B¯úvZ ev †jvnv wbwg©Z mvgMÖx‡K DËgiƒ‡c cwi¯‥vi K‡i DËß K‡i MwjZ `¯Ívi †fZi Pzwe‡q w`‡j Gi Mv‡q `¯Ívi cÖ‡jc c‡i| `¯Ívi AveiY †`Ihv Giƒc B¯úvZ‡K `¯ÍvgywÛZ B¯úvZ e‡j| 8) `¯ÍvgywÛZ †XDwU‡bi †¯úwmwd‡Kkb : `¯ÍvgywÛZ †XDwU‡bi cyiæZ¡ (evwg©snvg Iq¨vi ‡M‡R) 18, 20, 22 I 24 †MwR BZ¨vw`| G¸‡jv KzB›Uv‡ji evwÛ‡j wewµ Kiv nq| G¸‡jv 1.8 m, 2.2 , 2.5 m, 2.8 m, 3.2 m n‡q _v‡K| G¸‡jv cÖgvY cÖ¯
 0.8 m | G¸‡jvi †XD‡qi MfxiZv 18 mm Ges cÖwZ wk‡U †XD msL¨v 10 wU| 9) evwg©snvg Iq¨vi‡MR Gi 18, 20, 22 I 24 †MwRi A_© : evwg©snvg Iq¨vi‡MR Gi 18 †MwR = 1.25 wgwjwgUvi cyiæ 20 †MwR = 1.00 wgwjwgUvi cyiæ 22 †MwR = 0.80 wgwjwgUvi cyiæ 24 †MwR = 0.63 wgwjwgUvi cyiæ 10) 40 ‡MÖW ÷xj : 40 ‡MÖW ÷xj ej‡Z eySvq óx‡ji bgbxq we›`yi kw³ f y  40 ksi  2812.4 kg / cm2 G‡K †MÖW e‡j| eZ©gv‡b 40 ‡MÖW ÷xj Gi cvkvcvwk 60, 75 ‡MÖW ÷xj e¨envi Kiv nq| 11) wiB‡dvwm©s w÷j wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ wewfbœ cÖKvi w÷j Gi bvg : 1) ÷ªvKPvivj w÷i †mKkb 5) nvW©-Wªb-w÷j Iq¨vi 9) †Kvì UzB‡÷W evi

2) gvBì w÷j 6) UzB‡÷W evi

3) wWdg©W evi 7) ¯‥qvi evi

4) nvW©-Wªb-w÷j 8) d¬vU evi

12) wcÖ-‡÷ªwms ÷xj Gi cÖKvi‡f` : 1) mvZ Zv‡ii ÷ªvU

2) gm„b Zvi

3) gm„b evi

4) wWdg©W evi

13) we‡jU w÷j : AvKwiK †jvnvq †h w÷j cvIqv hvq Zv‡K we‡jU w÷j e‡j| GB w÷‡ji †÷ªs_ †ewk| 14) ¯…¨vc w÷j : AevwÂZ †jvnvi UzKiv Mwj‡q †h w÷j ‣Zix Kiv nq Zv‡K ¯…¨vc w÷j e‡j| GB w÷‡ji †÷ªs_ Kg| 15) ‡Kvì Wªb w÷j Iq¨vi : ‡gvUv Zvi‡K ch©vqµ‡g ÿz`ªZg wQ‡`ªi ga¨ w`‡q †U‡b wPKY Zv‡i cwibZ Kiv‡K †Kvì Wªb ÷xj Iq¨vi e‡j| 16) I‡q‡ìW Iq¨vi †dweª· : j¤^vjw¤^ Ges AvovAvwo fv‡e GK †mU †Kvì Wªb ÷xj Iq¨vi †K ci¯úi mg‡Kv‡Y ¯
vcb K‡i ‡Q`we›`y‡Z I‡qwìs Gi gva¨‡g †Rvov w`‡q †h ZviRvwj •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K

I‡q‡ìW Iq¨vi †dweª· e‡j| †kj, wcÖ-‡÷ªmW exg, †d‡ivwm‡g›U U¨vsK, Kg cyiƒ‡Z¡i Xvjy ¯ø¨ve, ‡mwÞK U¨vs‡Ki ¯ø¨ve, MÖvgxY †jwUª‡bi ¯ø¨ve, cvBc •Zix‡Z I‡q‡ìW Iq¨vi †dweª· e¨envi Kiv nq| 17) Avi. wm. wm. Kv‡R gvBì ÷xj e¨env‡ii myweav : 1) ÷x‡ji Zvcxq cÖmvivsK 6.5  106 Ges Kswµ‡Ui 5.5  106 | Df‡qi Zvcxq cÖmvivsK cÖvq mgvb e‡j ZvcgvÎvi cwieZ©bRwbZ weK…wZi Kvi‡Y ÷x‡ji Av‡cwÿK ¯^iY Ges Kswµ‡Ui dvuUj Gov‡bv m¤¢e 2) ÷x‡ji ÿq cÖwZ‡ivax ÿgZv LyeB Kg| cÿvšÍ‡i ÷xj wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U Gi Pvwiw`‡K KswµU cÖ`vb Ki‡j PgrKvi fv‡e ÿq cÖwZ‡iva K‡i| hv KvVv‡gvi wbe©vnx e¨q n«vm K‡i| 3) AveiY e¨wZ‡i‡L ÷xj AwMœ‡ivaK bq| Aciw`‡K KswµU eûjvs‡k Zvc Kzcwievnx| KswµU Kfvwis wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U Gi _vg©vj Bbmy‡jkb wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| 4) KswµU Uvb cxo‡b LyeB `ye©j wKšÍ ÷xj Uvb cxo‡b A‡bK kw³kvjx| d‡j m„ó KvVv‡gv Uvb I Pvc cxob mdjZvi mv‡_ cÖwZ‡iv‡a mÿg| 5) ÷xj‡K mn‡R cÖ‡qvRbgZ evKv‡bv, `ygov‡bv, KvuUv hvq Ges I‡qwìs Kiv hvq| 6) ÷xj mn‡R cvIqv hvq| 18) Avi. wm. wm. Kv‡R wWdg©W I UzB‡óW evi e¨env‡ii myweav t1) wWdg©W I UzB‡óW ev‡ii c„ô‡`k Agm„Y Z_v †XD †Ljv‡bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y GUv Kswµ‡Ui mv‡_ AwaKZi e܇b Ave× nq| 2) wWdg©W evi‡K cvwK‡q UzB‡óW evi G cwiYZ Kiv nq e‡j Kswµ‡Ui mv‡_ AwaKZi eÜb ‣Zix Kiv hvq| 3) UzB‡óW evi Gi Bì †÷ªs_ ‡cøBb evi Gi Zzjbvq †ewk Ges †UbmvBj †÷ªs_ I †ewk| 4) G‡`i Kvh©Kix cxob †ewk e‡j cÖvq 40% wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U mvkÖq nq| 5) G‡`i eÛ cxob cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv ‡cøBb evi Gi Zzjbvq †ewk| 6) eÛ †÷ªs_ e„w× Kiv hvq e‡j GRvZxq i‡Wi cv‡šÍ ûK †`evi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| 7) i‡Wi Ifvij¨vc •`N©¨ n«vm Kiv hvq|

cv_i (Stone) 1) wmwjKv : weï× wmwjKv ev †KvqvU©‡Ri is mv`v| Gi Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ 2.66 Ges KvwVb¨ bs 7| 2) Gm‡emUm : GUv Avkv‡jv LwbR c`v_©| GUv K¨vjwmqvg I g¨vM‡bwmqvg wmwj‡KU, Avqib A·vBW I Av¨vjywgwbqv‡gi mgš^‡q •Zix|Gi is aymi ev`vgx I wd‡K Kvj| Av‡k Av‡k Ly‡j hvIqvi †f․Z ag©vewj G‡Z we`¨gvb| ZvB GUv k³ bq| 3) †MÖ‡fj : cvwb ÿwqZ †h †Kvb cv_‡ii †MvjvK…wZ bywo‡KB †MÖ‡fj ejv nq| b`xi Zj‡`‡k Ges cjj MwVZ mgfzwg‡Z †MÖ‡fj cvIqv hvq| GUv iv¯Ívi Avv‪Qv`b Kv‡R Ges Kswµ‡Ui †Kvm© GwMÖ‡MU wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq| 4) cv_i : cv_i cÖvK…wZK Dcv‡q MwVZ RwUj ivmvqwbK †h․M we‡kl| eûwe` LwbR c`v_© `xN©‡gqv`x cÖK…wZK kw³i cÖfv‡e RwUj ivmvqwbK cÖK…qvq RgvUe× n‡q cv_‡oi DrcwË NUvq|

5) cv_i‡K wbg©vY mvgMÖxi ivRv ejvi KviY : Avw`g gvbyl AvZ¡iÿvi A¯¿ wn‡m‡e cv_i e¨envi Ki‡Zv| Ges cieZ©x‡Z iv¯Ív, eªxR, BgviZ wbg©vY Kv‡R cv_i e¨cKfv‡e e¨eüZ nq| cv_i `v‡g mvkÖqx Ges mn‡R cvIqv hvq| AvenvIqv wµqvq cÖwZ‡ivax, mn‡R e¨envi Dc‡hvMx Ges Ggb k³ c`v_© c„w_ex‡Z Lye KgB cvIqv hvq| GRb¨ cv_i‡K wbg©vY mvgMÖxi ivRv ejv nq| 6) cv_‡ii ÿq‡ivaxZv : cv_‡ii ÿq‡ivax ÿgZv ej‡Z Nl©YRwbZ ÿqÿwZ cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv eySvq| iv¯Ívq e¨eüZ cv_‡ii h‡_ó ÿqÿwZ cÖwZ‡iva m¤úbœ nIqv DwPr| 7) cv_‡ii ¯^w”Q`ªZv : wbw`©ó AvqZ‡bi cv_‡ii g‡a¨ wQ`ªhy³ ¯
vb ev dvKv ¯
v‡bi kZKiv nvi‡K ¯^w‪Q`ªZv wnmv‡e cÖKvl Kiv nq| ¯^w‪Q`ª cv_i mvaviYZ `ye©j cÖK…wZi nq|

cv_‡ii wewfbœ Lab Test K) NvZ mwnÂzZv cixÿv (Attrition Test) : `ygyK eÜ GKwU B¯úv‡Zi wmwjÛv‡i 5-7 †mwg AvKv‡ii cv_i LÛ IRb wb‡q fwZ© K‡i GUv‡K GKwU AbyfzwgK A‡ÿi mwnZ 30 wWMÖx †Kv‡Y †njv‡bv Ae¯
vq Aÿ `‡Ûi PZzw`©‡K 2000 evi Nyiv‡bv nq| Gici wmwjÛv‡ii cv_i¸‡jv‡K 2 wgwg Pvjybx‡Z Pvjvi ci ÿqcÖvß As‡ki IRb ‡bqv nq| cv_‡ii Avw` IRb = W1 2000 evi Nyiv‡bvi ci cv_‡ii cieZ©x IRb = W2 cv_‡ii ÿqcÖvßZvi gvÎv =

W1  W2  100 W1

(fvj cv_i 2% Gi †ewk ÿqcÖvß n‡ebv)

L) ‡kvl¨Zv cixÿv (Absorption Test) : G cixÿvq GK_Û bgybv cv_i Gi IRb wb‡q GUv‡K 24 N›Uv cvwb‡Z Wzwe‡q ivLvi ci cybivq GUvi IRb †bqv nq| IRb ؇qi cvZ©K¨B †kvwlZ cvwbi cwigvY| cv_‡ii Avw` IRb = W1 24 N›Uv cvwb‡Z Pzwe‡q ivLvi cieZ©x IRb = W2 cv_‡ii cvwb ‡kvl‡Yi gvÎv =

W2  W1  100 W1

(fvj cv_i Gi cvwb †kvl‡Yi gvÎv Kg n‡e)

M) eªv‡Wi cixÿv : G cixÿvi Øviv cv_‡ii KYvmgy‡ni mskw³ cixÿv Kiv nq| GKLÛ bgybv cv_i‡K †mvwWqvg mvj‡d‡Ui dzUšÍ `ªe‡Y Wzwe‡qG‡K K‡qKw`b gy³ evZv‡m Szwj‡q ivL‡j cv_‡ii †fZ‡i cÖ‡ewkZ †mvwWqvg mvj‡d‡Ui `ªeY `vbv ev‡a Ges cv_‡ii AvjMv ¯Íi m‡Rv‡i †ei K‡i †`q| cixÿvi Av‡M I c‡i bgybv cv_iwUi IRb †bqv nq| cv_i `„pve× n‡j Dfq IR‡bi gv‡S †Kvb cv_©K¨ n‡ebv| N) w¯§‡_i cixÿv : G cixÿvi Øviv cv_‡ii bgybv‡Z gvwU, Kv`v ev Ab¨ †Kvb `ªve¨ Av‡Q wKbv Zv Rvbv hvq| GKwU ciwÿv b‡j Avav fvM cwi¯‥vi cvwb wb‡q GUv‡K bgybv cv_i w`‡q c~Y© Kiv nq Ges 1 N›Uv ci cÖej †Rv‡i SvuKv‡bv nq| hw` cvwb cwi¯‥vi _v‡K Zvn‡j eySv hv‡e cv_i `ªve¨ c`v_© gy³|

O) AwMœ‡ivwaZv cixÿv : gvdj Pzwjø‡Z wewfbœ bgybv cv_‡ii NYK‡K Zvc w`‡q G‡`i ZzjbvgyjK AwMœ‡ivwaZv cixÿv Kiv nq| mvaviYZ †Kvb cv_iB 900 wWMÖx †mjwmqvm Gi AwaK ZvcgvÎv& mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| P) ¯^w”Q`ªZv I †kvl¨Zv cixÿv (Porosity and Absorption Test) : GKLÛ bgybv cv_i‡K ï¯‥ Ae¯
vq IRb ‡bqv nq| Gici GUv‡K 2 N›Uv cvwb‡Z Wzwe‡q ivLvi ci cÖô ïK‡bv Ae¯
vq IRb †bqv nq| D³ cv_i‡K Kvbvq Kvbvq cwic~Y© cvwb‡Z cybivq WzešÍ Ae¯
vq IRb †bqv nq| ï®‥ Ae¯
vq cv_‡ii IRb = W1 2 N›Uv cvwb‡Z Pzwe‡q ivLvi cieZ©x IRb = W2

W2  W1  100 W1 cvwb‡Z cybivq WzešÍ Ae¯
vq cv_‡ii IRb = W3

cv_‡ii cvwb ‡kvl‡Yi gvÎv =

cv_i KZ…©K AcmvwiZ cvwbi IRb = W2  W3 ‡kvl¨Zvi cwigvY =

W2  W1  100 W2  W3

D³ bgybv‡K 5 N›Uv hveZ cvwb‡Z wm× K‡i cvwb‡Z VvÛv Kivi Rb¨ GKivZ ivLv nq Ges cvwb n‡Z DwV‡q c„ô ïK‡bv Ae¯
vq IRb ‡bqv nq| awi IRb W4 MÖvg ‡gvU cvwb †kvl‡Yi cwigvY = W4  W1 mw‪Q`ªZvi gvÎv % = NbZ¡ =

W4  W1  100 W2  W3

W1 gm / C.C W2  W3

Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ =

W1 W2  W3

BU (Brick) 1) fvj gv‡bi B‡Ui Dcv`vb ¸‡jvi bvg wjL| cwigvb mn fvj gv‡bi B‡Ui Dcv`vb ¸‡jvi bvg †`Iqv nj: wmwjKv (SiO2) Gjywgbv (Al2O3) AvqiY A·vBW(Fe2O3) g¨vM‡bwmqv(MgO) jvBg(Cao) ‣Re c`v_©............ ‡gvU =

55% 30% 8% 5% 1% 1% 100%

2) B‡Ui Kv`vi Dcv`vbmgy‡ni Kvh©vejx : wmwjKv (SiO2) : 1) B‡Ui dvUj, eµZv I ms‡KvPb †iva K‡i 2) B‡Ui MÖ_b, AvKvi AvK…wZ AÿzY¨ ivL‡Z wmwjKv we‡kl fzwgKv cvjb K‡i Gjywgbv (Al2O3) : 1) GUv B‡Ui Kv`vi NbZ¡ evovq 2) B‡Ui Kv`v‡K bgbxq K‡i †gvwìs Gi myweav cÖ`vb K‡i AvqiY A·vBW (FeO) : 1) GUvi Kvi‡Y B‡Ui is jvj nq 2) GUv B‡U AcÖ‡ek¨Zv I ¯
vqxZ¡kxjZvi gvÎv e„w× K‡i g¨vM‡bwmqv (MgO) : 1) GUvi Kvi‡Y B‡Ui is nj‡` nq 2) GUv B‡Ui ms‡KvPb cÖwZnZ K‡i jvBg (Cao) : 1) GUv BU ïKv‡bvi mgq ms‡KvPb cÖwZnZ K‡i 2) BU †cvov‡bvi mgq weMjK wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i 3) B‡Ui Bcv`vb mgyn Mjv‡Z Ges `„pve× n‡Z mnvqZv K‡i ‣Re c`v_© : 1) GUv BU †cvov‡bvi ‡ÿ‡Î mnvqZv K‡i 3) B‡Ui Kv`vi AwbóKvix Dcv`vbmgyn Kvh©vejx : ÿvi : 1) 2) 3) 4)

GUv BU †cvov‡bvi mgq ‡gvPo I eµZv m„wó K‡i BU ïKv‡bvi c‡i B‡Ui Mv‡q meyRvf eY© m„wó K‡i B‡Ui AvKvi AvK…wZ webó K‡i ÿviKxq jeb e„wói mgq evqygÛj n‡Z cvwb †kvlY K‡i M‡j hvq Ges †`Iqvi ïKv‡bvi ci †`Iqv‡ji Mv‡q GK mv`v Av¯ÍiY m„wó K‡i|

cv_oLÛ : 1) B‡Ui Kv`vq cv_oLÛ _vK‡j Kv`v gvLv‡Z Amyweav nq 2) B‡Ui MV‡bi mvg¨Zv _v‡Kbv 3) GUv BU‡K `ye©j K‡i

Pzbvcv_i : Pzbvcv_i D‪PZv‡c K¨vjwm‡bkb n‡q K¨vjwmqvg A·vBW G cwiYZ nq| GUv c‡i cvwbi ms¯ú‡k© G‡j cvwb †kvlY K‡i AvqZ‡b e„w× cvq Ges B‡Ui Mv‡q dvU‡ji m„wó K‡i| Avqib cvBivwUm : BU †cvov‡bvi mgq Gû‡jvi A·vBW mgyn BU‡K ùwUKAvKv‡i aŸsk K‡i †d‡j| jeb : B‡Ui Kv`vq jeb _vK‡j B‡Ui Mv‡q †jvbv a‡i Ges BU µgvš^‡q ÿqcÖvß nq| AwZwi³ evwj : 1) AwZwi³ evwj BU‡K `ye©j K‡i 2) B‡Ui AvKvi AvK…wZ webó K‡i ‣Re c`v_© : 1) BU †cvov‡bvi mgq G¸‡jv cy‡o Qvq G cwiYZ n‡q B‡Ui IRb Kwg‡q †`q| 2) B‡U SvSivi m„wó K‡i 3) B‡Ui Pvc †bevi kw³ Kwg‡q †`q| 4) DËg B‡Ui •ewkó¨mg~n ;  GB B‡Ui AvKvi m~lg| Gi Zj¸‡jv mgvb, †KvYv¸‡jv Zx² I cvk¸‡jv mgvšÍivj| 1 2

1 2

3 4

 G¸‡jvi cÖgvb mvBR 24.2cm  11.4cm  7cm ev 9 "4 "2 "            

n‡e| Gi is Mvp jvj ev Zvgª e‡Y©i n‡e| Gi KvwVb¨ Ggb n‡e †h G‡Z bL ev Qzwi w`‡q AuvPo KvUv hv‡e bv| G‡Z nvZzox Øviv AvNvZ Ki‡j avZe kã n‡e| `yBwU BU‡K wU A¶‡ii b¨vq ¯
vcb K‡i 1.5-1.7 wgUvi Dci †_‡K †d‡j w`‡j fvs‡e bv| GB BU fvs‡j †fZ‡i †Kvb cÖKvi wPo, Pz‡bi KYv, dvUj BZ¨vw` _vK‡e bv| Gi wePyY©b kw³ 400-700 Ub/eM©wgUvi| G ai‡bi GKwU B‡Ui IRb n‡e 3.125 †KwR| A_ev cÖwZ NbwgUvi Gi IRb 1892 †KwR Gi Kg n‡e bv| G ai‡bi GKwU BU wb‡Ri IR‡bi 15%-20% Gi †ewk cvwb †kvlb Ki‡e bv| DtK„ó B‡U `ªe¨ je‡bi cwigvb 2.5% Gi ‡ewk bq| Gi Zvc cwievwnZv wbgœZi n‡e| GwU Av¸‡b cyo‡e bv, Ges `n‡b mvnvh¨ Ki‡e bv| cvwb‡Z wfRv‡j Gi AvqZ‡bi †Kvb cwieZ©b n‡e bv|

5) DrK…ó B‡Ui gvb wb‡¤œv³ welq¸‡jvi Ici wbf©i K‡i : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

B‡U e¨eüZ Kv`vi ivmvhwbK a‡g©i Ici Kv`v cÖ¯‧‡Zi Ici ïKv‡bvi c×wZi Ici ‡cvov‡bvi mgq ZvcgvÎvi Ici ‡cvov‡bvi mgq Pzjøx‡Z evqy cÖ‡e‡ki cwigv‡Yi Ici

6) B‡Ui mxj‡gvni : BU •Zixi mgq B‡Ui Dc‡ii w`‡K, gvSLv‡b, wbw`©ó gv‡ci GKwU MZ© ivLv nq| G‡K B‡Ui mxj‡gvni e‡j| B‡U mxj‡gvni _vKvi myweav 4 wU h_v,  GwUi Kvi‡Y BU‡K my›`i †`Lvq|  BU aivi myweav cÖ`vb K‡i|  GwU wbg©vbKvix cÖwZôv‡bi mv¶ enb K‡i|  `yBwU BU‡K gmjvi mvnv‡h¨ †Rvov †`Iqvi Pvwe wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| 7) B‡Ui cÖKvi‡f` : K) cÖ_g †kÖYxi BU : G †kÖYxi BU¸‡jv wb‡Ri IR‡bi 20 % Gi †ewk cvwb †kvlY K‡i bv| ¯
vqx wbg©vY KvR †hgb, BgviZ, eªxR, KvjfvU© I wbg©vY c„‡ô c‡qw›Us Kv‡R GB †kÖbxi BU e¨eüZ nq| L) wØZxq †kÖYxi BU : 1) G †kªYxi BU¸‡jvi avimgyn Zx² bq 2) Gi Zj¸‡jv gm„b bq, Ges Mv‡q dvUj _v‡K 3) Gi Mv‡qi i‡O wfbœZv †`Lv hvq 4) G †kÖYxi BU¸‡jv cvwb †kvY K‡i wb‡Ri IR‡bi cÖvq 22 % 5) RjQv` wbg©vY Ges A¯
vqx wbg©vY Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv nq M) Z…Zxq †kÖYxi BU : 1) G †kªYxi BU¸‡jvi AvKvi AvK…wZ wVK _v‡Kbv 2) Gi Zj¸‡jv Ge‡ov †_e‡ov 3) Gi Mv‡qi iO njy` e‡Y©i 4) G †kªYxi BU¸‡jvi ch©vß cwigvY †cvov bq 5) G BU¸‡jv AvswkK k³ 6) GB BU¸‡jv evZvm †_‡K Rjxqev®ú MÖnY K‡i jebv³ nq N) wcK&W ev Svgv BU : 1) G †kªYxi BU¸‡jvi AvKvi AvK…wZ wVK _v‡Kbv 2) G †kªYxi BU¸‡jvi AwZwi³ †cvov 3) Gi Mv‡qi iO Kvj‡P 4) G †kªYxi BU¸‡jvi Svgv BU bv‡g cwiwPZ 5) G BU¸‡jv AwaK k³ e¨envit¸iƒZ¡c~Y© wbg©vY Kv‡R G †kÖYxi BU¸‡jv e¨envi Kiv nqbv| Z‡e wKQz wKQz Kswµ‡Ui †Km© GwMÖ‡MU I iv¯Ívi †Lvqvi Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv nq| 8) g¨vmbwi Kv‡R e¨eüZ wKQz KvwiMwi kã : ‡Kvm© ev iÏv: gvwUi m‡½ mgvšZivj Ges mgZj GK †jqvi B‡Ui Mv_ybx‡K e‡j GK †Kvm© Mv_ybx| †÷ªPvi: †`qvj c„‡ôi mv‡_ mgvšZivj fv‡e B‡Ui •`N©¨ ¯
vcb Ki‡j evB‡i †_‡K B‡Ui †h cvk †`Lv hvq Zv‡K †÷ªPvi e‡j| †nWvi: †`qvj c„‡ôi mv‡_ mgvšZivj fv‡e B‡Ui cÖ¯
 ¯
vcb Ki‡j evB‡i †_‡K B‡Ui †h cvk †`Lv hvq Zv‡K ‡nWvi e‡j|

†÷ªPvi †Kvm©: †÷ªPvi Øviv wbwg©Z GK †jqvi B‡Ui M_ybx‡K e‡j †÷ªPvi †Kvm©| †nWvi †Kvm©: †nWvi Øviv wbwg©Z GK †jqvi B‡Ui M_ybx‡K e‡j †nWvi †Kvm©| d«MgvK©: B‡Ui Dcwi c„‡ôi MZ©‡K d«MgvK© e‡j| †eW: gvwUi m‡½ mgvšZivj Ges mgZj †h GK †jqvi B‡Ui Mv_ybx Kiv nq, Zv‡K †eW e‡j| A¨vivBm: B‡Ui †h †Kvb `yBwU Z‡ji cÖvšZØq ci¯úi †h †iLvq †Q` K‡i Zv‡K A¨vivBm e‡j| cvi‡cÛ: †`Iqvj c„‡ôi Aëvi‡bU †Kv‡m©i fvwU©‡Kj R‡q›U¸‡jv GKB †iLvq Aew¯
Z n‡j Zv‡K cvi‡cÛ e‡j| †eW R‡q›U: `yBwU cvkvcvwk †Kv‡m©i ga¨eZ©x Avbyfw
 gK R‡q›U‡K †eW R‡q›U e‡j| eÛ: GKwU B‡Ui mv‡_ Aci GKwU B‡Ui †Rvov †`evi †K․kj‡K eÛ e‡j| 9) e‡Ûi KvR : 1) KvVv‡gvi kw³ I ¯
vqxZ¡Zv e„w× K‡i 2) Lvov †Rvov cwinvi K‡i 3) †`Iqv‡ii Ici AvcwZZ †jvW‡K mylgfv‡e ew›UZ K‡i 4) wkqvi cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 5) †m․›`h©¨ e„w× Ges wbg©vY KvR `ªæZZi nq 6) B‡Ui g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK B›Uvi jwKs m„wó K‡i 10) Bswjk eÛ : GB cÖKvi e‡Û Aëvi‡bU †Kv‡m© †nWvi I †÷ªPvi emv‡bv nq| A_©vr GK †Kvm© †nWvi Mv_ybxi c‡i GK †Kvm© ‡÷ªPvi Mv_ybx n‡e| †Kvb µ‡gB †nWvi I †÷ªPvi cvkvcvwk em‡e bv| fvwU©‡Kj R‡q›U¸‡jv hv‡Z GKB †iLvq bv c‡i †mRb¨ †nWvi †Kv‡l©i cÖ_g †nWvi B‡Ui c‡i GKwU KzBb †K¬vRvi emv‡Z n‡e| cÖvq me ai‡Yi wbg©vY Kv‡R GB eÛ e¨envi Kiv nq| 11) Bswjk e‡Ûi m~Î : 1) KzBb †K¬vRvi w`‡q KLbI †nWvi †Kvm© kyiæ Kiv DwPr bq| KviY Zv‡Z †nWvi mn‡R †ei n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| KzBb †nWv‡ii c‡i KzBb †K¬vRvi w`‡Z n‡e| 2) Aëvi‡bU †Kvm© †nWvi A_ev †÷ªPvi n‡e| 3) cÖ‡Z¨K Aëvi‡bU †nWvi, †÷ªPvi Gi †K›`ªwe›`y n‡e 4) †kl cÖvšÍ e¨Zxq Aweivg fvwU©‡Kj R‡q›U n‡ebv| 5) †`Iqv‡ji PIovi cwigvY B‡Ui •`‡N©¨i ¸wYZK| 6) †`Iqv‡ji PIovi cwigvY B‡Ui A‡a©K •`‡N©¨i †e‡Rvo msL¨K ¸wYZK| 7) †ewk PIov †`Iqv‡ji nvwU©s memgq †nWvi n‡e 8) †h‡nZz †÷ªPvi †Kv‡m©i R‡q›U msL¨v †nWvi †Kv‡m©i R‡q›U msL¨vi A‡a©K, ZvB †nWvi †Kv‡m©i R‡q›U †÷ªPvi †Kv‡m©i †P‡q cyiæ n‡e| 12) ‡d¬wgk eÛ : GKB †Kv‡m© †nWvi I †÷ªPvi cvkvcvwk em‡j Zv‡K †d¬wgk eÛ e‡j| GB e‡Û cÖwZwU †Kv‡m©i †nWvi B‡Ui †K›`ª eivei Gi Dc‡ii Ges wb‡Pi ‡Kv‡m©i †÷ªPvi B‡Ui †K›`ª _vK‡e| A_©vr GKwU †nWv‡ii `yB cv‡k GKwU K‡i †÷ªPvi BU _v‡K|‡`L‡Z my›`i n‡jI GB eÛ kw³kvjx bq|

13) †nwis †evb eÛ : Pvi B‡Ui AwaK cyi‡Z¡i †`Iqv‡j A_ev iv¯Ívq †mvwjs G GB ai‡Yi eÛ Lye Dc‡hvMx| †nwis †evb e‡Û †`Iqv‡ji †K›`ª †iLv n‡Z Dfq w`‡K 45 wWMÖx †KvY K‡i BU‡K ¯
vcb Kiv nq| †nwis bvgK mvgyw`ªK gv‡Qi nv‡oi Abyiæc †`L‡Z ZvB Gi bvg †nwis †evb eÛ n‡q‡Q| 14) BU †cvov‡bvi KviY : 1) B‡Ui KvwVb¨Zv I kw³ e„w× Kivi Rb¨ 2) NbZ¡ e„w× Kiv †hb Kg cvwb †kvlY Ki‡Z cv‡i 3) ¯
vwqZ¡ e„w× Kiv 4) AvenvIqvi cÖwZKzjZv m„wó Kiv 15) B‡Ui Kv`vi I‡q`vwis : B‡Ui Kv`vi Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ gvwU el©©vi cy‡e© †K‡U ¯‧c AvKv‡i †i‡L †`Iqv nq| G‡Z gvwUi Dcv`vb mgyn AvenvIqv wµqvq DËgiæ‡c wgwkÖZ nq Ges gvwUi ¸YMZgvb e„w× cvq| G‡K B‡Ui Kv`vi I‡q`vwis e‡j| 16) BU Gi Kv`vi †ewìs : BU Gi Kv`vi gvb e„w×i Rb¨ el©vi ci cÿKv‡ji g‡a¨ cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i evwj Kv`v Pzb BZ¨vw` wgwkÖY K‡i †bIqv nq| G cÖwµqv‡K †ewìs e‡j|

B‡Ui Kv`vi gvwUi cixÿv K) Dcv`v‡bi m½wZ cixÿv (Conistency Test) : B‡Ui Rb¨ gvwU msMÖ‡ni cÖ¯ÍvweZ ¯
v‡b Kv`v I evwj mgvb Abycv‡Z Av‡Q wKbv ‡mUv hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ m½wZ cixÿv Kiv nq| G cixÿvi Rb¨ cÖ¯ÍvweZ ¯
vb n‡Z wKQzUv gvwU wb‡q Zv‡Z ch©vqµ‡g Aí Aí K‡i cvwb wgwk‡q Kv`v big Kiv nq| Gevi GB Kv`v‡K nv‡Zi Zvjy‡Z wb‡q †Mvj e‡j cwiYZ K‡i ïKv‡bv nq ïKv‡bvi Kv‡j gvwU Kv`vi †MvjK bgybvwU LÛ weLÛ n‡j ev dvUj ai‡j eyS‡Z n‡e †h G‡Z evwji cwigvY AwaK| Avi †MvjK bgybvwU AweK…Z Ae¯
vq _vK‡j eyS‡Z n‡e GUv BU ‣Zwii Dc‡hvMx Kv`v| cÖ¯ÍveZ ¯
v‡bi gvwU‡Z evwj ev Kv`vi NvUwZ cyi‡Yi gva¨‡g gvwU‡K BU •Zwii Dc‡hvMx Kiv nq| L) †gvwìs ag© cixÿv (Moulding Property Test) : B‡Ui wKbviv I †KvYv¸‡jvi Zxÿ Mo‡bi Rb¨ G cixÿv Kiv nq| G cixÿvi Rb¨ bgybv gvwU‡Z Aí Aí K‡i cvwb wgwk‡q †gvì Kiv nq| GB †gvwìs cixÿv ZZÿb ch©šÍ Kiv nq hZÿb bv ch©šÍ D³ bgybv gvwU w`‡q 3 wgwjwgUv‡ii e¨v‡mi GKwU myZv •Zwi Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| D³ gvwU Øviv BU •Zwi Ki‡j D³ B‡Ui †gvYv¸‡jv A‡bK gm„Y I Zxÿ n‡e| M) weK…wZ I ms‡KvPb cixÿv (Deformation and Shrinkage Test) : B‡Ui Kv`vi weK…wZ I ms‡KvPb Gi gvÎv wbY©‡qi Rb¨ G cixÿv Kiv nq| GB cixÿvi Rb¨ L bs G wee„Z bgybv gvwU w`‡q BU •Zwi K‡i D³ BU‡K mvaviY Kzgv‡ii Pzwjø‡Z 84 N›Uv hveZ †cvov‡bv nq| †cvov‡bvi ci D³ B‡Ui weK…wZ I ms‡KvP‡bi gvÎv cixÿv Kiv nq| cixÿvi djvd‡ji wfwˇZ B‡Ui gvwU‡Z evwj I Kv`vi cwigvY wba©viY Kiv nq|

B‡Ui wewfbœ Lab Test K) kw³ cixÿv (Strength Test) : B‡Ui Pvc kw³ wbb©‡qi Rb¨ G cixÿv Kiv nq| G cixÿvq 6 †_‡K 8 wU BU‡K ch©vqµ‡g mvwR‡q K‡¤úªkb †Uó †gwk‡bi mvnv‡h¨ Pvc cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| Pvc cÖ‡qvM Kivi mgq B‡Ui wePzY©b kw³ wbb©q Kiv nq| 1g †kÖYxi B‡Ui wePzY©b kw³ 400 - 700 Ub/eM©wgUvi| GB kw³i 1/8 Ask B‡Ui Mv_ybxi wbivc` kw³ wn‡m‡e aiv nq| 1/40 Ask B‡Ui Mv_ybxi wbivc` wkqvi cxob wn‡m‡e aiv nq| L) cvwb ‡kvl‡Yi gvÎv cixÿv (Water Absorption Test): B‡Ui cvwb †kvl‡Yi gvÎv wbY©‡qi Rb¨ G cixÿv Kiv nq| cÖ_‡g Kÿ ZvcgvÎvq bgybv B‡Ui IRb †bqv nq| Gici Kÿ ZvcgvÎvq bgybv BU‡K 24 N›Uv cvwb‡Z Wzwe‡q ivLvi cybivq IRb †bqv nq| Gici 5 N›Uv cvwb‡Z wm× K‡i mvivivZ cvwb‡Z VvÛv K‡i cybivq IRb †bhv nq| Dc‡iv³ IR‡bi wfwˇZ B‡Ui cvwb †kvl‡Yi gvÎv wba©vib Kiv nq| DrK…ó gv‡bi BU Zvi IR‡bi 15% - 20% Gi †ewk cvwb †kvlY Ki‡e bv| M) je‡bi gvÎv cixÿv : B‡U `ªebxq je‡bi gvÎv Rvbvi Rb¨ G cixÿv Kiv nq| DrK…ó B‡U je‡bi gvÎv 0.5% - 2.5% Gi †ewk n‡ebv|

evwj (Sand) 1) evwj : †KvqvU©R Gi ¶y`ª ¶y`ª KYvB evwj wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| 2) AvKvi Abyhvqx evwji †kªYxwefvM : wgwn evwj

16 bs Pvjywb‡Z †Kvb Ae‡kl _v‡K bv| GwU fivU Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv nq ga¨g gv‡bi F.M- 1.5 - 2 8 bs Pvjywb‡Z †Kvb Ae‡kl _v‡K bv| gmjv ‣Zixi Rb¨ GwU evwj Dc‡hvMx ‡gvUv evwj F.M- 2 Gi 4 bs Pvjywb‡Z †Kvb Ae‡kl _v‡K bv| dvBb GwMÖ‡MU wn‡m‡e GwU †ewk Dc‡hvMx F.M- 0 - 1.5

3) evwji AvqZb wùwZ : cvwb KYvi Dcw¯
wZ‡Z kyK‡bv evwji AvqZb e„w× cvq| evwji G AvqZb e„wׇK evwji AvqZb wùwZ e‡j| evwjKYvi Pvicv‡k cvwbi cvZjv AveiY m„wó nevi Kvi‡Y GgbUv nq| evwj‡Z cvwb e„w× Ki‡Z _vK‡j GB cvZjv AveiY Uvi cyiæZ¡ evo‡Z _v‡K| hvi d‡j evwji AvqZb wa‡i wa‡i e„w× cvq| GKUv wbw`©ó cwigvY cvwb wgkv‡bvi ci ewji AvqZb wa‡i wa‡i Kg‡Z _v‡K Ges cvwbi AvqZb evo‡Z _v‡K| KviY Aí cvwb‡Z evwjKYvi Pvicv‡ki m„ó c`©v †ewk cvwbi Pv‡c †f‡½ hvq| evwj m¤úyY© iƒ‡c wm³ bv nevi AvM ch©šÍ G cÖK…qv Pj‡Z _v‡K Ges m¤úyY© iƒ‡c wm³ nevi ci evwj Zvi cÖK…Z AvKvi wd‡i cvq| wb‡¤œi m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ evwji AvqZb wùwZ wbY©q Kiv nq| evwji AvqZb e„w×i kZKiv nvi b 

Vm 100 Vs

Vm  Rjxq KYv mg„× evwji AvqZb Vs  ï¯‥ evwji AvqZb

4) wewfbœ †MÖ‡Wi evwji e¨envi : Kv‡Ri bvg mKj ai‡bi Avi.wm.wm Kv‡R mvaviY KswµU, wm‡g›U cøv÷vi, Mv_ybxi gmjv, wW.wc.wm ‡mvwjs I †nwis †evb e‡Ûi dvuK c~i‡Y, †g‡S evwj fiv‡U

by¨bZg Gd.Gg 2.35 1.20 0.80

5) Av`k© evwj : G evwj DËgiæ‡c ch©vwqZ weï× cÖvK…wZK wmwjKv| G¸‡jv weªwUk cÖgvY 18 bs Pvjybx‡Z Pvj‡j †Kvb Ae‡kl _v‡Kbv wKšÍ weªwUk cÖgvY 25 bs Pvjybx‡Z Pvj‡j Kgc‡ÿ 90% Ae‡kl _v‡K| 6) evwj‡Z ‡h mKj ÿwZKviK c`v_© _vK‡Z cv‡i : 1) Kv`v I cwjKYv 2) Dw™¢`RvZ c`v_© 3) jeY 7) evwji my¶Zv ¸bvsK : ‡h ¸YvsK evwji AvKvi m¤ú‡K© avibv †`q Zv‡K evwji myÿZv ¸YvsK e‡j| myÿZv ¸YvsK GKwU B‡¤úwiK¨vj my‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wbY©q Kiv nq| myÿZv ¸YvsK wbY©‡qi Rb¨ Av‡gwiKvb cÖgvY Pvjybx 4, 8, 16, 30, 50, 100 bs Pvjybx e¨envi Kiv nq| wbw`©ó cwigvY evwj G mKj Pwjybx‡Z Pvjvi ci ¯^ ¯^ Pvjybx‡Z Aewkó As‡ki kZKiv nv‡ii cywÄfzZ As‡ki †hvMdj‡K 100 Øviv fvM Ki‡j evwji myÿZv ¸bvsK cvIqv hvq|

8) wb‡P 500 MÖvg IR‡bi bgybv evwji Pvjywb we‡kølY †`qv nj| evwji my¶Zv ¸bvsK wbY©q Ki| Pvjywb bs Ae‡kl (MÖvg) mgvavb: Pvjywb bs 4 8 16 30 50 100 c¨vb

0

Ae‡kl (MÖvg) 0 0 6 40 323 110 21

8 0

16 06

% Ae‡kl 0 0 1.20 8.00 64.60 22.00 4.2

30 40

50 323

100 110

c¨vb 21

% cywÄfzZ Ae‡kl myÿZvi ¸bvsK 0 1.2 + 9.20 + 73.80 + 95.80 = 180 0 1.20 180 9.20 F .M   1.8 100 73.80 95.80 100

9) evwji gvV cixÿv : 1) Lvwj †Pv‡L evwj cixÿv Ki‡j hw` evwji AvKvi¸‡jv ‡KvYvKvi, aviv‡jv nq Z‡e †mUv fvj evwj| 2) wRnŸv‡Z jvwM‡q ¯^v` wb‡j mn‡RB je‡bi Dcw¯
wZ eySv hv‡e| 3) evwji is †`L‡Z mv`v n‡j Ges †KvqvU©R Gi is jvj n‡j evwj‡Z †j․‡ni Dcw¯
wZ eySv hv‡e| 4) Møv‡m cvwb wgwk¨Z evwj †i‡L w`‡j mevi wb‡P evwj, Zvi Dci cwj Ges Zvi Dci Kv`v Rgv n‡e| 5) GKK AvqZ‡bi evwji IRb wb‡q GUv‡K cvwb‡Z fvjfv‡e a~‡Z n‡e| c‡i †avqv evwji IRb wb‡Z n‡e| `yB IR‡bi cv_©K¨ ‡_‡K evwj‡Z Ac`ª‡e¨i cwigvY Rvbv hv‡e|

wm‡g›U (Cement) 1) cÖvK…wZK wm‡g›U : 25%-40% K`©ghy³ Ges Aewkó Ask Kv‡e©v‡bU Ae jvBg ev KLb I Zvi m‡½ Kv‡e©v‡bU Ae g¨vM‡bwmqvg hy³ cÖvK…wZK Pzbvcv_i cywo‡q Ges wgwn cvDWv‡i cwibZ K‡i G ai‡bi wm‡g›U cÖ¯‧Z Kiv nq| Gi eY„ ev`vgx Ges cvwbi ms‡M wgkÖ‡bi d‡j G wm‡g›U `ªæZ RgvU evu‡a| 2) K…wÎg wm‡g›U : weï× Pzbvcv_‡ii mv‡_ mwVK Abycv‡Z g„wËKv wgwkÖZ K‡i wgkÖY‡K KvwPK nevi cÖviw¤¢K ZvcgvÎvq cywo‡q Ges Drcbœ wK¬sKvi‡K wgwn cvDWv‡i PzY© K‡i G wm‡g›U •Zwi Kiv nq| G wm‡g‡›Ui D‡jøL‡hvM¨ D`vniY nj ‡cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U| 3) ‡cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U Gi LwbR Dcv`v‡bi ZvwjKv : UªvB K¨vjwmqvg wmwj‡KU WvB K¨vjwmqvg wmwj‡KU UªvB K¨vjwmqvg Gjywg‡bU ‡UUªv K¨vjwmqvg Gjywg‡bv †divmvBU K¨vjwmqvg mvj‡dU Ab¨vb¨ †h․M

3CaO.SiO2----- C3S 2CaO.SiO2----- C2S 3CaO.Al2O3----- C3A 4CaO. Al2O3.Fe2O3-----C4AF CaSO4 Total

50% 25% 10% 10% 3% 2% 100%

4) wm‡g‡›Ui ag© :  wm‡g‡›Ui cvwb †hvRb  wm‡g‡›Ui RgvUe×Zv  wm‡g‡›Ui my¶Zv  wm‡g‡›Ui wbLyZZv  wm‡g‡›Ui kw³ 5) ‡cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U Gi ivmvqwbK MV‡b A¤ø I ¶viKxq Dcv`v‡bi bvg : K¨vjwmqvg A·vBW (CaO) g¨vM‡bwmqvg A·vBW (MgO) wmwjKv (SiO2) G¨vjywgbv (Al2O3) Avqib A·vBW (Fe2O3) mvjdvi UªvB A·vBW (SO3) ÿviKxq c`v_©

63% 2% 22% 7% 3% 2% 1% Total

100%

6) wm‡g‡›Ui djm †mwUs : wm‡g‡›U cvwbi Dcw¯
wZi K‡qK wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ webv Zv‡c RgvUe×Zvi j¶Y cwijw¶Z nq| G‡K wm‡g‡›Ui djm †mwUs e‡j| Giƒc Ae¯
vq cybt cvwb bv w`‡q cybt wgkªb Ki‡j wm‡g‡›Ui kw³‡Z †Kvb cÖfve c‡i bv| 7) Av`k© wm‡g‡›Ui gmjv •Zwi‡Z cvwbi cwigvb wbY©‡qi myÎ : W 

1 (0.78 p)  2.4 4

GLv‡b W = wm‡g›U I evwji IR‡bi kZKiv nv‡i cvwbi cwigvY P = ¯^vfvweK Zvi‡j¨i wm‡g›U †có •Zwi Ki‡Z cvwbi kZKiv nvi Z‡e mPivPi Av`k© gmjv •Zwi‡Z evwj I wm‡g‡›Ui IR‡bi 8% cvwb e¨envi Kiv nq|

8) wm‡g›U ¸`vgRvZ Kivi mgq wbgœwjwLZ welq¸‡jvi cÖwZ †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e :      

wm‡g›U hZUzKz m¤¢e Kg mg‡qi Rb¨ ¸`vgRvZ Ki‡Z n‡e| AvenvIqv‡ivax K‡¶ wm‡g›U ¸`vgRvZ Ki‡Z n‡e| †mZ‡m‡Z ¸`v‡g ev †g‡S‡Z wm‡g›U ivLv hv‡e bv| †`Iqv‡ji Mv †N‡l wm‡g›U ivLv qv‡e bv| wm‡g‡›Ui e¯Ív cvkvcvwk ivL‡Z n‡e Ges †Zicvj w`‡q †X‡K w`‡Z n‡e| wm‡g‡›Ui GK e¯Ívi Ici GK e¯Ív Giy‡c, 10 e¯Zvi AwaK ivLv hv‡e bv|

9) wm‡g›U Gi gvV cixÿv :     

wm‡g›U Gi e¯Ívi †fZi nvZ w`‡j VvÛv Abyfe n‡e| GK gy‡Vv wm‡g›U cvwb‡Z †dj‡j Zv Wz‡e hv‡e| nv‡Z wgwn cvDWv‡ii gZ Abyfe n‡e GK gy‡Vv wm‡g›U nv‡Z wb‡q R‡ov Ki‡j Zv R‡ov n‡q _vK‡e| GK LÛ Kv‡Pui cv‡Zi Ici †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g‡›Ui k³ †có †i‡L cvwb‡Z 24 N›Uv Wzwe‡q ivL‡j dvUj m„wó n‡e bv| eis RgvUe× n‡e|

10) wm‡g›U Gi wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi Kvh©vejx : jvBg : wm‡g‡›U cÖvq 63% jvBg _v‡K| GUv wm‡g‡›Ui RgvU evavi mgq Zivw¯^Z K‡i| Gi cwigvY Kg n‡j wm‡g‡›Ui kw³ üvm cvq| wmwjKv : wm‡g‡›U cÖvq 22% wmwjKv _v‡K| GUv wm‡g‡›Ui kw³ e„w× K‡i| A¨vjywgbv : wm‡g‡›U cÖvq 7% Av¨vjywgbv _v‡K| GUv wK¬sKvi MV‡bi ZvcgvÎv Kwg‡q †`q Ges wm‡g‡›Ui Ab¨vb¨ †h․M‡K mn‡R cvwbi mv‡_ mshy³ K‡i| GUv wm‡g‡›Ui RgvUe×Zv Zivw¯^Z K‡i| AvqiY A·vBW : wm‡g‡›U Gi cwigvY 3%| GUv wm‡g›Ui KvwVb¨ I kw³ DbœZ K‡i| GUvi Ici wm‡g‡›Ui is I wbf©i K‡i| K¨vjwmqvg mvj‡dU : Gi cwigvY 4%| GUv wm‡g‡›Ui RgvU evavi MwZ gš
i K‡i| 11) i¨vwcW nv‡W©wbs †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U : G wm‡g›U `ªæZ RgvU ev‡a Ges gvÎ 4 w`‡bB mvaviY †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g‡›Ui 24 w`‡bi mgcwigvY kw³ AR©b K‡i| ZvB G‡K Early strength Portland Cement I ejv nq| `ªæZ k³Zvi Rb¨ GB wm‡g‡›U K) m~²Zv evwo‡q †¯úwmwdK mvi‡dm evov‡bv nq L) Pz‡bi gvÎv evov‡bv nq M) AwaK ZvcgvÎvq †cvov‡bv nq 12) KzBK †mwUs †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U : i¨vwcW nv‡W©wbs †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U Gi MÖvBwÛs Kv‡j Gi mv‡_ K¨viwmqvg †K¬vivBW wgwk‡q KzBK †mwUs †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U •Zwi Kiv nq| GB wm‡g‡›Ui cÖv_wgK RgvUe×Zvi mgh 5 wgwbU Ges 30 wgwb‡U PzovšÍ RgvUe×Zv m¤úbœ nq| cvwbi wb‡Pi Kv‡R GB wm‡g›U e¨envi Kiv nq|

13) †jv wnU †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U : GB wm‡g›U RgvUevavi mgq Ges KvwVb¨Zv AR©‡bi mgq mvaviY wm‡g‡›Ui Zzjbvq Kg Zvc Drcbœ K‡i| Ges GB wm‡g‡›Ui kw³ AR©‡bi nvi A‡cÿvK…Z gš
i| G¸‡jv e„nr eva, †mZzi GevU‡g›U I cvqvi Gi wbg©vY Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv nq| 14) nvB Gjywgbv wm‡g›U : GB wm‡g‡›U 35 - 40% Gjywgbv _v‡K| we‡kl ai‡bi fvB‡eªUix dvi‡b‡m kyKv‡bv e·vBU I Pzbvcv_i wgkv‡bvi ci GMy‡jv‡K Zv‡c Mwj‡q wcÛvKv‡i XvjvB Kiv nq| c‡i GB wcÛ †f‡O ¸ov K‡i wm‡g›U G cwibZ Kiv nq| GB wm‡g›U †`L‡Z Kv‡jv e‡Y©i| Ges GB wm‡g›U Øviv wbwg©Z KswµU Gi eY© mvaviY wm‡g‡›Ui Zzjbq Mvp e‡Y©i | GB wm‡g‡›Ui RgvUevavi mgq wbqš¿‡bi Rb¨ wRcmvg †gkv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb c‡i bv| GB wm‡g‡›Ui cÖv_wgK RgvUe×Zvi mgh 3 n‡Z 6 N›Uv Ges cÖv_wgK RgvUe×Zvi ci cieZ©x‡Z 2 N›Uvq PzovšÍ RgvUe×Zv m¤úbœ nq| G wm‡g›U gvÎ 24 N›Uvq mvaviY †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g‡›Ui 24 w`‡bi mgcwigvY kw³ AR©b K‡i| 15) wm‡g›U •Zwi‡Z wRcmv‡gi fzwgKv wK ? wRcmvg wm‡g›Ui RgvU evavi mgq wbqš¿b K‡i| wRcmvg wm‡g‡›Ui †mwUs GKkb Gi MwZ‡K †iva K‡i †mwUs UvBg e„w× K‡i| 16) mvaviY †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U I iwOb †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g‡›Ui gv‡S cv_©K¨ : mvaviY †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U GB wm‡g‡›U †Kvb iÄK c`v_© †gkv‡bv nqbv

iwOb †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U mv`v wm‡g‡›Ui wK¬sKvi‡K MÖvBwÛs Kiv Kv‡j iÄK c`v_© wgwk‡q GB wm‡g›U wewfbœ ‡jvW weqvwis wbg©vY Kv‡R GB wm‡g›U wewfbœ †kvfvea©b Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv nq Gi evwbwR¨K bvg †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U Gi evwb‡R¨K bvg Kvjvi wm‡g›U 17) wewfbœ wm‡g‡›Ui RgvU evavi mgq : weeiY

mvaviY †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U

cÖv_wgK RgvUe× mgq PzovšÍ RgvUe× mgq

Kgc‡ÿ 30 - 45 wgwbU 6 - 10 N›Uv

`ªæZ RgvUe× wm‡g›U 5 wgwbU 30 wgwbU

wb¤œZvc Drcv`K wm‡g›U 60 wgwbU 10 N›Uv

18) mgy‡`ªi cvwbi wµqv †iv‡a †Kvb wm‡g›U Dc‡hvMx ? mgy‡`ªi cvwb‡Z we`¨gvb ‡mvwWqvg ev g¨vM‡bwmqvg mvj‡dU, wm‡g›Ui UªvB K¨vjwmqvg Gjywg‡bU Gi mv‡_ weK…qv K‡i K¨vjwmqvg mvj‡dv Gjywg‡bU Drcbœ K‡i| Gi d‡j †gmjv I Kswµ‡Ui AvqZb cwieZ©b nq Ges Gi we‡qvRb N‡U| WvB mvi‡d‡Ui GB wÎqv †iv‡a mvi‡dU †ivax wm‡g‡›Ui Dcv`v‡b 5-6% Gi Kg UªvB K¨vjwmqvg Gjywg‡bU †hvM Kiv nq| 19) wewfbœ cÖKvi wm‡g›Ui e¨envi : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

Kvjvi wm‡g›U : †gvRvBK ev †m․›`h©¨ e„w×i Kv‡R nvB Aviwj †÷ªs_ †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U : `ªæZ KwVbx feb AR©‡bi Rb¨ Av¨vjywgbvm wm‡g›U : 24 N›Uvq 75% kw³ AR©‡bi Rb¨ ‡K¬ wm‡g›U : mvgyw`ªK wbg©vY Kv‡R Gqvi Gb‡UªBwbs wm‡g›U : eid Av‪Qvw`Z ¯
v‡b cv‡Rvjvb wm‡g›U : AMÖx wbe©vcK Kv‡R

wm‡g‡›Ui wewfbœ cixÿv mgyn K) my²Zv cixÿv (Test for Fineness) : my²Zv cixÿv wm‡g‡›Ui my²Zv m¤ú‡K© aviYv †`q| GB cixÿvi c×wZ wb¤œiƒc : DcKiY- K) wm‡g›U- 100 MÖvg L) Pvjybx- #200 bs M) wbw³ Kv‡Ri aviv : cÖ_‡g wb‡³i mvnv‡h¨ 100 MÖvg wm‡g›U †g‡c †bIqv nq| Gevi #200 bs Pvjybx†Z D³ wm‡g›U wb‡q Pvjybx I c¨vb GKmv‡_ wmf †kKvi †gwk‡b 15 wgwbU hveZ SuvKv‡bv nq| SuvKzwb †k‡l c¨vb G Rgv nIqv 1) ‡cvU©j¨vÛ 2) i¨vwcW nv‡W©wbs wm‡g›U Gi †ÿ‡Î

10 5

L) wm‡g‡›Ui RgvUe×Zvi mgq cixÿv (Test for Setting Time) : ** ¯^vfvweK Zvi‡j¨i wm‡g›U †có : wm‡g‡›Ui mv‡_ wewfbœ Abycv‡Z cvwb wgwk‡q wm‡g›U †có •Zwi Kiv nq Ges fvBKvU h‡š¿i Lvov `‡Ûi wb¤œ cÖv‡šÍ 10 wgwg e¨v‡mi cøvÄvi mshy³ K‡i ivevi wis G m`¨ wgwkÖZ wm‡g›U †có c~Y© K‡i cøvÄv‡ii wVK wb‡P cøvUdi‡gi Ici ¯
vcb Kiv nq Ges GUvi Ic‡ii Z‡j cøvÄv‡ii wb¤œZj ¯úk© Kwi‡q ¯^vfvweKfv‡e †Q‡o w`‡j †h cvwb wm‡g›U Abycv‡Zi †c‡ó cøvÄvi 33-35 wgwg cÖ‡ek K‡i, H †có B ¯^vfvweK Zvi‡j¨i wm‡g›U †có| cÖv_wgK RgvUe×Zv cixÿv : fvBKvU h‡š¿i Lvov `‡Ûi wb¤œ cÖv‡šÍ 1 wgwg e¨v‡mi myP mshy³ K‡i ivevi wis G m`¨ wgwkÖZ ¯^vfvweK Zvi‡j¨i wm‡g›U †có c~Y© K‡i cøvÄv‡ii wVK wb‡P cøvUdi‡gi Ici ¯
vcb Kiv nq Ges GUvi Ic‡ii Z‡j my‡Pi wb¤œZj ¯úk© Kwi‡q ¯^vfvweKfv‡e †Q‡o w`‡j †h mg‡q myPwU 35 wgwg cÖ‡ek K‡i, wm‡g‡›U 1g cvwb wgkÖ‡Yi mgq n‡Z H mgq ch©šÍ mgq‡K cÖv_wgK RgvUe×Zvi mgq aiv nq| mvaviY †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g‡›Ui †ÿ‡Î cÖv_wgK RgvUe×Zvi mgq 30 wgwb‡Ui Kg bq| PzovšÍ RgvUe×Zv cixÿv : fvBKvU h‡š¿i Lvov `‡Ûi wb¤œ cÖv‡šÍ 5 wgwg e¨v‡mi myP mshy³ K‡i Dc‡iv³ †có cøvÄv‡ii wVK wb‡P cøvUdi‡gi Ici ¯
vcb Kiv nq Ges GUvi Ic‡ii Z‡j my‡Pi wb¤œZj ¯úk© Kwi‡q ¯^vfvweKfv‡e †Q‡o w`‡j †h mg‡q myPwU ‡KejgvÎ GKUv Pv‡ci `vM Kv‡U, H ch©šÍ mgq‡K PzovšÍ RgvUe×Zvi mgq aiv nq| mvaviY †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g‡›Ui †ÿ‡Î PzovšÍ RgvUe×Zvi mgq 10 N›Uvi AwaK bq| M) wm‡g‡›Ui LyZnxbZv cixÿv : GB cixÿvi Rb¨ wj P¨v‡Uwjqvi hš¿ e¨eMvi Kiv nq| GUv 2 gyL †Lvjv wcZ‡ji •Zwi wmwjÛvi hvi e¨vm 30 wgwg Ges D‪PZv 30 wgwg| GB wmwjÛviwU‡K GKwU Kv‡Pi †cø‡Ui Dci ewm‡q GUv‡Z ¯^vfvweK Zvi‡j¨i wm‡g›U †có c~b© Kiv nq Ges Aci cÖv‡šÍi gyL Ab¨ Avi GKwU Kv‡Pi †cøU Øviv †X‡K w`‡q 64 wWMÖx †_‡K 68 wWMÖx dv‡ibnvBU ZvcgvÎvi cvwb‡Z 24 N›Uv Wzwe‡q ivLvi ci Zz‡j Avbv nq Ges wb‡`©kK؇qi gv‡Si `yiZ¡ cixÿv Kiv nq| Gici GUv‡K cvwb‡Z Wzwe‡q 30 wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ cvwbi ZvcgvÎv ùzUbvs‡K DbœZ Kiv nq Ges ZvcgvÎvi mgZv eRvq †i‡L Z¡ivwš^Z cvwb †hvRb wbwðZ Kiv nq| cvwb‡K 1 N›Uv hveZ dzUšÍ Ae¯
vq ivLvi ci GUv cvwb n‡Z mwi‡q Kÿ ZvcgvÎvq VvÛv K‡i wb‡`©kK؇qi gv‡Si `yiZ¡ cixÿv Kiv nq| ewY©Z `y gv‡ci cv_©K¨ wm‡g›U Gi cÖmviY wb‡`©k K‡i| Gi gvb 10 wgwg Gi Kg nIqv DwPr|

N) Uvb kw³ cixÿv (Test for Tensile Strength) : wm‡g‡›Ui Uvb kw³ cixÿvi Rb¨ Av`k© gkjv e¨envi Kiv nq| wm‡g›U I m¤úyb©iƒ‡c ï¯‥ Av`k© evwj 1 : 3 Abycv‡Z wgwkÖZ K‡i cvwb mn‡hv‡M G gmjv •Zwi Kiv nq| Av`k© gmjv w`‡q wbw`©ó gv‡ci eªv‡KU •Zwi K‡i 90% Av‡cwÿK Av`©ªZvhy³ AvenvIqvq 64 wWMÖx †_‡K 68 wWMÖx dv‡ibnvBU ZvcgvÎvi cvwb‡Z 24 N›Uv wKDwis Kivi ci Zz‡j Avbv nq Ges G¸‡jv‡K †ei K‡i cwi¯‥vi cvb Dc‡hvMx cvwb‡Z Wzwe‡q †`Iqv nq| AZci wb‡`©wkZ mgq ci cixÿvi Rb¨ †UbmvBj †÷ªs_ ‡Uwós †gwk‡b †UbmvBj †÷ªs_ cixÿv Kiv nq| cÖwZwU †U÷ Gi mgq 6wU e„‡KU e¨envi Kiv nq Ges G‡`i djvdj MÖnY Kiv nq| †Uó Gi djvdj wb¤œiƒc n‡e : bvg mvaviY †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U i¨vwcW nv‡W©wbs wm‡g›U

3 w`‡b AwR©Z me©wb¤œ Uvbkw³ 20 †KwR/ eM©‡mwg 30 †KwR/ eM©‡mwg

7 w`‡b AwR©Z me©wb¤œ Uvbkw³ 25 †KwR/ eM©‡mwg

O) Pvckw³ cixÿv (Test for Compressive Strength) : wm‡g‡›Ui Pvckw³ cixÿvi Rb¨ Av`k© gkjv e¨envi Kiv nq| wm‡g›U I m¤úyb©iƒ‡c ï¯‥ Av`k© evwj 1 : 3 Abycv‡Z wgwkÖZ K‡i cvwb mn‡hv‡M G gmjv •Zwi Kiv nq| Av`k© gmjv w`‡q 7.06 †mwg gv‡ci NYK •Zwi K‡i 90% Av‡cwÿK Av`©ªZvhy³ AvenvIqvq 64 wWMÖx †_‡K 68 wWMÖx dv‡ibnvBU ZvcgvÎvi cvwb‡Z 24 N›Uv wKDwis Kivi ci Zz‡j Avbv nq Ges G¸‡jv‡K †ei K‡i cwi¯‥vi cvb Dc‡hvMx cvwb‡Z Wzwe‡q †`Iqv nq| AZci wb‡`©wkZ mgq ci cixÿvi Rb¨ K‡¤úªwmf †÷ªs_ ‡Uwós †gwk‡b K‡¤úªwmf †÷ªs_ cixÿv Kiv nq| cÖwZwU †U÷ Gi mgq 6wU NYK e¨envi Kiv nq Ges G‡`i djvdj MÖnY Kiv nq| †Uó Gi djvdj wb¤œiƒc n‡e : bvg mvaviY †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U i¨vwcW nv‡W©wbs wm‡g›U

3 w`‡b AwR©Z me©wb¤œ Pvckw³ 115 †KwR/ eM©‡mwg 30 †KwR/ eM©‡mwg

7 w`‡b AwR©Z me©wb¤œ Pvckw³ 315 †KwR/ eM©‡mwg

wewfbœ cÖKvi KswµU 1) KswµU : KswµU GK ai‡bi K…wÎg cv_i| wbw`©ó Abycv‡Z evBwÛs g¨v‡Uwiqvjm, wbw¯…q c~iK c`v_© I mvnvh¨Kvix Dcv`vb GK‡Î wgwk‡q, ivmvqwbK wewµqvq RgvU evwa‡q †h K…wÎg cv_i •Zwi Kiv nq, Zv‡K KswµU e‡j| 2) Kswµ‡Ui Dcv`vbmgyn : K) ms‡hvRK c`v_© :Kswµ‡Ui wewfbœ Dcv`vbmgy‡ni gv‡S ivmvqwbK weK…qv NwU‡q, my`„p eÜb •Zwi Kivi Rb¨ †h Dcv`vb e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K †RvoK c`v_© e‡j| †hgb: wm‡g›U, Pzb L) wbw¯…q c~iK c`v_© : †hmKj c`v_© †KejgvÎ Kswµ‡Ui AvqZb e„w× K‡i Zv‡K c~iK c`v_© e‡j| GUv gyjZ 2 cÖKvi h_v : 1) †gvUv `vbvi cyiK c`v_© : G¸‡jvi e¨vm 10 wgwg A‡cÿv †ewk| G¸‡jv 4 bs Pvjybx AwZµg K‡ibv| D`vniY : cv_iKYv, †e‡j cv_i, Svgv B‡Ui †Lvqv BZ¨vw`| Z‡e Avi.wm.wm Kv‡R mPivPi, 20-25 wgwjwgUvi AvKv‡ii †gvUv `vbvi cyiK c`v_© e¨envi Kiv nq|

2) wgwn `vbvi cyiK c`v_© : G¸‡jvi e¨vm 10 wgwg A‡cÿv Kg| G¸‡jv 4 bs Pvjybx AwZµg K‡i| D`vniY : evwj, cv_iKzwP, ‡c‡fjm, wmÛvm©, ¯ø¨vM BZ¨vw` M) mvnvh¨Kvix c`v_© : Kswµ‡Ui Dcv`vb mgy‡ni gv‡S RgvU e×Zvi Rb¨ ivmvqwbK weK…qv nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| GB weK„qv msMV‡bi Rb¨ ‡h c`v_© e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K mvnvh¨Kvix Dcv`vb e‡j| cv‡bi Dc‡hvMx cvwb mvnvh¨Kvix c`v_© wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq| N) GWwg·vi : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)

G¸‡jv wb‡¤œ&v³ Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv nq : Kswµ‡Ui gv‡S RgvUe×Zvi mgq wbqš¿b Ki‡Z Kswµ‡Ui ¯
vqxZ¡Zv e„w× Ki‡Z cvwb wb‡ivaK ¸Yv¸Y cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Kswµ‡Ui Kvh©‡cv‡hvMxZv e„w× Ki‡Z RgvU evavi mgq ms‡KvPb cÖeYZv n«vm Ki‡Z KvswLZ eY© cÖ`vb Ki‡Z ÿwZKviK ivmvqwbK weK…qv‡K evav cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cvwb †RvR‡bi Zvc n«vm Ki‡Z GWwg·vi e¨envi Kiv nq

3) cvwb wm‡g›U AbycvZ : Kswµ‡U wgwk©Z cvwbi IRb I wm‡g‡›Ui IR‡bi AbycvZ‡K cvwb wm‡g›U AbycvZ e‡j| Kswµ‡U wgwkªZ cvwbi cwigv‡bi Ici Kswµ‡Ui kw³, ¯
vwqZ¡Zv, mvg_© wbf©i K‡i| 4) wewfbœ cÖKvi KswµU : 1) jvBg KswµU -- L.C --- jvBg + evwj + ïiKx 2) wm‡g›U KswµU -- C.C --- wm‡g›U + evwj + †Lvqv 3) Avi.wm.wm. -- R.C.C --- wm‡g›U + evwj + †Lvqv + M.S iW 4) wcÖ-†÷ªmW KswµU --- wm‡g›U + evwj + †Lvqv + M.S iW + Steel Cable

5) wcÖ-†÷ªmW KswµU : ‡h Kswµ‡U Ggb cwigvY I we¯Í…wZi Avf¨šÍixY cxob cÖeZ©bv Kiv nq †h, GUv ewnt¯
 fvi n‡Z D™¢zZ cxob CwáZ gvÎvq cÖkwgZ K‡i, Zv‡K wcÖ-†÷ªmW KswµU e‡j| 6) wcÖ-†÷ªmW KswµU Gi myweav I Amyweav : myweavmgyn : 1) Kswµ‡Ui m‡e©v‪P Pvc kw³ I w÷‡ji m‡e©v‪P Uvb kw³ m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c Kv‡R jvwM‡q •Zwi Kiv nq e‡j Gi †mKkb A‡bK †QvU nq I Avw_©K mvkÖq nq| 2) AwaK fvievnx I `xN© ¯ú¨vb wewkó KvVv‡gvi Rb¨ A‡bK Dc‡hvMx| 3) ÷xj wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U G wcÖ-‡÷ªm cÖ`vb Kivq I Dnv h_vh_fv‡e A¨vsKi Kivi d‡j G RvZxq KvVv‡gv‡Z dvuUj m„wó nqbv| 4) AwZ D‪P kw³ m¤úbœ KswµU I w÷‡ji Zvi e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g AvKvi Kg nevi Kvi‡Y gvjvgvj Kg jv‡M| 5) ‡QvU †mKkb wewkó †g¤^vi nvjKv nevi Kvi‡Y mn‡R e¨envi Kiv hvq| 6) Wvqv‡Mvbvj †Ubkb Kgv‡bv hvq| 7) evuKv †UbWb e¨envi K‡i wcÖ-†÷ªmW ‡g¤^v‡ii wkqvi cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv e„w× Kiv hvq| 8) iÿbv‡eÿb LiP LyeB Kg| 9) AvenvIqv I AwMœ cªwZ‡ivaK|

Amyweavmgyn : 1) AwZ D‪P kw³ m¤úbœ KswµU I w÷‡ji Zvi e¨envi Kiv nq e‡j cÖv_wgK LiP ‡ewk| 2) Gi Rb¨ we‡gl hš¿cvwZi `iKvi nq, †hgb- R¨vK, A¨vsK‡iR wWfvBm, KÛzBU BZ¨vw`| 3) A‡bK †ewk KvwiMwi Ávb _vKv I DËg cwi`k©‡bi cÖ‡qvRb| 4) AwfÁ I `ÿ kÖwg‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb| 5) AwZwi³ dg©Iqv‡K©i cÖ‡qvRb nq| 7) KswµU wg· wWRvB‡b by¨bZg ïb¨Zv c×wZ : G c×wZ‡Z †gvUv GwMÖ‡MÖ‡Ui ga¨¯
 dvKv RvqMv †_‡K GKUz †ewk cwigvY myÿ GwMÖ‡MÖU I myÿ GwMÖ‡MÖ‡Ui ga¨¯
 dvKv RvqMv †_‡K GKUz †ewk cwigvY wm‡g›U e¨envi Kiv nq| 8) Kswµ‡Ui Dcv`vbmg~‡ni AvbycvwZKiY : Avi.wm.wm (¯ø¨ve, exg, Iqvj Kjvg, cvqvi BZ¨vw`) ‡P․ev‪Pv, wcÖ-Kv÷ KswµU ev gvwUi wb‡Pi wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Rb¨ wm‡g›U KswµU e­K, fvix wfwËi †`Iqvj I mycvi ÷ªvKPv‡ii Kv‡R

1t2t4 1 t 1.5 t 3 1t3t6

9) mvaviY Kswµ‡Ui Rb¨ wgkª‡Yi AbycvZ : Kswµ‡Ui †MÖW M 50 M 75 M 100 M 150 M 200 wet `ªt- GLv‡b,

‡gvU GwMÖ‡M‡Ui cwigvb cÖwZ 50 †KwR dvBb GwMÖ‡MU I †Kvm© †KwR‡Z (ïK‡bv) cÖwZ wm‡g‡›U m‡e©v‪P cvwbi GwMÖ‡M‡Ui AbycvZ 50 †KwR wm‡g‡›Ui Rb¨ cwigvb (wjUv‡i) mvaviYZ 1 t 2 dvBb Ges 800 60 †Kvm© GwMÖ‡M‡Ui AbycvZ| 625 45 wKšÍ m‡e©v‪P mxgv 1 t 1.5 480 34 Ges me©wbgœ mxgv 1 t 2.5| 350 32 250 30 M = Kswµ‡Ui wgkªY Ges msL¨v = D³ wgkª‡Y 28 w`‡b AwR©Z kw³ (†KwR/eM© †mwg)|

10) mvaviYZ Kswµ‡Ui cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³ : Kswµ‡Ui †MÖW

wgkª‡bi AbycvZ

m‡e©v‪P Pvc kw³ (†KwR/eM© †mwg) gWzjvm Ae wmwjÛvi wKDe ivcPvi 7 w`b 28 w`b 7 w`b 28 w`b 1t3t6 3.57 M 100 75 97 91 121 1t2t4 5.27 M 150 109 164 130 196 M 200 1 t 1.5 t 3 125 180 156 221 1t1t2 M 250 153 220 191 271 µvwks †÷ªb_ 28 w`‡b 175.8 †KwR/eM© †mwg Gi Kg nIqv DwPr bq|

** Concrete Grade and Mix Ratio Table As per IS 456:2000, the grades less than M20 should not be used in RCC works Group

Ordinary Concrete

Standard Concrete

High Strength Concrete

Concrete Grade

Mix Ratio

Characteristic Compressive Strength (N/mm2)

M5

1 : 5 : 10

5 N/mm2

M7.5

1:4:8

7.5 N/mm2

M10

1:3:6

10 N/mm2

M15

1:2:4

15 N/mm2

M20

1 : 1.5 : 3

20 N/mm2

M25

1:1:2

25 N/mm2

M30

Design Mix

30 N/mm2

M35

Design Mix

35 N/mm2

M40

Design Mix

40 N/mm2

M45

Design Mix

45 N/mm2

M50

Design Mix

50 N/mm2

M55

Design Mix

55 N/mm2

M60

Design Mix

60 N/mm2

M65

Design Mix

65 N/mm2

M70

Design Mix

70 N/mm2

11) wewfbœ wm‡g‡›Ui RgvU evavi mgq : weeiY

mvaviY †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U

cÖv_wgK RgvUe× mgq PzovšÍ RgvUe× mgq

Kgc‡ÿ 30 - 40 wgwbU 6 - 10 N›Uv

`ªæZ RgvUe× wm‡g›U 5 - 30 wgwbU 30 - 40 wgwbU

wb¤œZvc Drcv`K wm‡g›U 60 wgwbU 10 N›Uv

12) wg·vi 10/7 Gi A_© : wg·vi 10/7 ej‡Z †fRv I ïK‡bv gmjvi cwigvb‡K eySvq| A_©vr D³ wg·vi †gwk‡b 10 AvqZ‡bi ïK‡bv gmjv w`‡j, wgkªY †k‡l 7 AvqZb †fRv gmjv cvIqv hv‡e| 13) GwMÖ‡MÖ‡Ui †MÖwWs : AvKvi AvK…wZ Abyhvqx GwMÖ‡MÖ‡Ui KYvMy‡jv c„_KxKiYB nj GwMÖ‡MÖ‡Ui †MÖwWs| 14) myÿZv ¸bvsK : myÿZv ¸bvsK nj GKwU m~PK msL¨v, hv GwMÖ‡MÖ‡Ui AvKvi m¤ú‡K© aviYv †`q| ¯^ ¯^ Pvjybxi kZKiv Ae‡kl ‡hvM K‡i 100 Øviv fvM Ki‡j myÿZv ¸bvsK cvIqv hvq| GB gvb hZ Kg n‡e, GwMÖ‡MÖ‡Ui KYv¸‡jv AvK„wZ ZZB myÿ n‡e|

15) Kv‡h©vc‡hvMxZv : KswµU gmjv Ggb big nIqv DwPr hv‡Z G‡K mn‡R bvov-Pvov I d‡g©i g‡a¨ XvjvB Kiv hvq| KswµU wgkÖ‡Yi G ¸Y‡K Kswµ‡Ui Kv‡h©vc‡hvMxZv e‡j| 16) Mv` : Kswµ‡U cvwbi cwigvb †ewk n‡j, XvjvB Kivi mgq, XvjvB- Gi DcviZ‡j ey`ey` D‡V ev mv`v ¯Í‡ii AveiY c‡i| G‡K Mv` e‡j| Mv` n‡j D³ Kswµ‡Ui kw³ K‡g hvq| 17) †mwMÖ‡Mkb : †Lvqv ev cv_i KzwP †_‡K, wm‡g›U evwji wgkªY c„_K nIqv‡K, †mwMÖ‡Mkb e‡j| †mwMÖ‡Mkb n‡j D³ Kswµ‡Ui kw³ K‡g hvq| 18) KswµU cÖ¯‧wZi avc mgyn : 1) KswµU Dcv`v‡bi AvbycvwZKiY 2) Dcv`vbmgyn cwigvcKiY 3) KswµU wgkÖY 4) KswµU ¯
vbvšÍwiZ KiY 5) KswµU ¯
vcb 6) KswµU NbmwbœwewóZ KiY 7) KswµU wKDwis KiY 19) 200 NT Gi A_© : 200 NT Gi A_© nj 200m3 AvqZb wewkó Non  Tilting †gwkb we‡kl|

20) 200 T Gi A_© : 200 T Gi A_© nj 200m3 AvqZb wewkó T AvK…wZi Tilting †gwkb we‡kl|

21) KswµU ¯
vc‡bi mgq mZK©Zv mgyn : 1) †KvbiKg weiwZ Qvovq KswµU ¯
vcb Ki‡Z n‡e 2) KswµU ¯
vc‡bi mgq dg©IqvK© I wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U bvovPvov Kiv hv‡ebv 3) hv‡Z †mwMÖ‡Mkb bv N‡U †mRb¨ 1 wgUv‡ii Kg DPz n‡Z KswµU †dj‡Z n‡e 4) †djvi mgq KswµU †Rv‡i †djv hv‡e bv 5) e„wói g‡a¨ KswµU ¯
vcb Kiv DwPr bq 6) g¨vm Kswµ‡Ui †ÿ‡Î cÖwZ ¯Í‡i 30 - 45 ‡mwg Ges Avi.wm.wm Kswµ‡Ui †ÿ‡Î 15-30 †mwgi †ewk cyiæZ¡ KswµU ¯
vcb Kiv DwPr bq| 22) wKDwisKiY : XvjvB Kivi 24 N›Uv ci †_‡K GKUv wbw`©ó mgq ch©šÍ KswµU‡K wfwR‡q ivLvi †K․kj‡K wKDwis e‡j| XvjvBK„Z Kswµ‡Ui ivmvqwbK weK„qv Ae¨nZ ivLvi Rb¨ wKDwis Kiv nq| GUv wbw`©ó mgq ch©šÍ KswµU‡K Av`ª© ivL‡j KswµU wa‡i wa‡i RgvU ev‡a I kw³kvjx nq| GB cÖK…qvi bvgB wKDwis| VvÛv AvenvIqvq KswµU‡K mvaviYZ 14 w`b ch©šÍ wKDwis Kiv nq| Z‡e 28 w`b ch©šÍ wKDwis Kiv DËg| 23) wKDwis Gi d‡j Kswµ‡Ui AwR©Z kw³ :wKDwis Gi mgq 1 w`b ci 3 w`b ci 7 w`b ci

mvaviY †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U -

`ªæZ RgvUe× wm‡g›U

115 kg / cm 2

210 kg / cm 2

210 kg / cm 2

-

115 kg / cm 2

24) DËg wKDwis Gi djvdj : 1) AwMœ‡ivax ÿgZv e„w× K‡i 2) ÿq‡ivax I AvenvIqv cÖwZ‡ivaK ¸Yv¸Y e„w× K‡i 3) Kswµ‡Ui A‡f`¨Zv I ¯
vqxZ¡Zv e„w× K‡i 4) ms‡KvPb cÖeYZv n«vm K‡i 5) Awa‡kvlY ÿgZv e„w× cvq 25) cwjgvi KswµU: wm‡g›U KswµU GK ai‡bi wQ`ªhy³ wbg©vY mvgMÖx| Kswµ‡Ui gv‡S ‡QvU †QvU A‡bK wQ`ª _v‡K| GB wQ`ª¸‡jvi _vKvi Kvi‡Y KswµU `ye©j nq| wn‡me K‡i †`Lv †M‡Q GB wQ‡`ªi msL¨v hZ †ewk Kgv‡bv hvq, KswµU ZZ †ewk kw³kvjx nq| fvB‡eªUi, Pvckw³, wejw¤^ZKi‡Yi gva¨‡g GB wQ‡`ªi cwigvY 28 fvM Kgv‡bv hvq| g‡bvgvi e¨envi Ges ch©vqµwgK cwjgvivB‡Rk‡bi gva¨‡g GB wQ‡`ªi msL¨v AviI †ewk Kgv‡bv hvq| G‡Z KswµU AviI kw³kvjx nq| ch©vqµwgK cwjgvivB‡Rk‡bi gva¨‡g †h kw³kvjx KswµU •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K cwigvi KswµU e‡j| 26) ‡d‡iv wm‡g›U KswµU : DrK…ó gv‡bi †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U, †gvUv evwj I ZviRvwji mgš^‡q †h KswµU •Zwi Kiv nq, Zv‡K †d‡iv wm‡m›U KswµU e‡j| 27) cwjgvi KswµU wb‡¤œv³ Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv nq :  wcÖ-†dweª‡K‡UW ÷ªvKPvivvj Gwj‡g‡›U  wcÖ-†÷ªmW Kswµ‡U  †gwib Kv‡R  wbDwK¬qvi cvIqvi cøv‡›U  wmDqv‡iR Kv‡R, jebhy³ cøv‡›U  †d‡iv wm‡m›U Drcv`‡b  cvwb‡ivax KvVv‡gv‡Z  wkí KviLvbv‡Z 28) †UbWb : wcÖ-‡÷ªmW KswµU •Zwii Kv‡R †h, nvB †UbmvBj w÷j Iq¨vi e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K †UbWb e‡j| 7 wU, 1.5 - 8 wgwg e¨v‡mi nvB †UbmvBj †Kej‡K wWfvB‡mi gva¨‡g gywo‡q †UbWb ‣Zwi Kiv nq| 29) wcÖ-‡÷ªmW KswµU •Zwi‡Z wcÖ-‡Ubkwbs Gi c×wZ : ‡h RvqMv‡Z KswµU ¯
vcb Ki‡Z n‡e †mLv‡b Av‡M dg©IqvK© I wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U ¯
vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| Gevi D³ dg©Iqv‡K©i gv‡S †UbWb ‡K ¯
vcb Kiv nq| Gici R¨vK I G¨vsK‡i‡Ri gva¨‡g D³ †UbWb‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq gvÎvq Uvbv nq Ges †gv‡ìi gv‡S KswµU ¯
vcb Kiv nq| KswµU k³ nevi AvM ch©šÍ Gfv‡e †i‡L ‡`Iqv nq| KswµU k³ nevi ci Uvb †Q‡o †`Iqv nq| Uvb Qvovi ci D³ ‡UbWb Zvi c~‡e©i RvqMvq wd‡i Avm‡Z †Póv K‡i wKšÍ Kswµ‡Ui gv‡S Ggb NUbv N‡Ubv| Gfv‡e wcÖ-‡÷ªwms Kiv nq| 30) wcÖ-‡÷ªmW KswµU •Zwi‡Z ‡cvó-‡Ubkwbs Gi c×wZ : G c×wZ‡Z Uvbwenxb Zvi‡K Kswµ‡Ui gv‡S ¯
vcb Kiv nq| Z‡e Zvi‡K cwi‡ewóZ K‡i ivLv nq †hb Kswµ‡Ui mv‡_ Zv‡ii †Rvov bv jv‡M| KswµU k³ nevi D³ †UbWb‡K wWfvB‡mi mvnv‡h¨ Uvbv nq| Uvb †k‡k G¨vsK‡iR Gi gva¨‡g D³ Zvi‡K AvU‡K †`Iqv nq| c‡i wm‡g›U MÖvDU Øviv dvKv ¯
vb c~iY Kiv nq|

31) wUªwg : cvwbi DcwiZj n‡Z cvwbi wb‡P ch©šÍ KswµU ¯
vcb Kiv Rb¨ 25 †mwg †_‡K 40 †mwg e¨vmwewkó ‡h cvwb‡ivax cvBc e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K wUªwg e‡j| 32) BgviZ wbg©v‡Y KswµU LyeB RbwcÖq nevi KviY : 1) mn‡hB †h †Kvb AvKvi AvK…wZ‡Z XvjvB Kiv nq| 2) Bnv k³, gReyZ I `xN©¯
vqx| 3) Pvc mn¨ ÿgZv †ewk| 4) mn‡R Av¸b a‡i bv| 5) Bnv kã, Zvc Ges Av`ª©Zv cÖwZ‡ivaK 33) Kswµ‡Ui Zvij¨ ev NbZ¡ : KswµU‡K Qv‡P †X‡j cÖ‡qvRbxq AvKvi AvK…wZ‡Z XvjvB Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxq NbZ¡‡K Kswµ‡Ui Zvij¨ e‡j| 34) Kswµ‡Ui cvwb ÿiY : m`¨ XvjvBK…Z KswµU Gi Dci cvwb KYvi mv‡_ wm‡g‡›Ui wgkÖY PzB‡q civ‡K cvwbÿiY e‡j| wgkÖ‡Yi c`v_©mgyn Kgc¨v± Kivi mgq cvwb a‡i ivL‡Z bv cvi‡j cvwb ÿiY N‡U| Gi d‡j KswµU wQ`ªhy³ I `ye©j nq| 35) wcÖ-‡÷ªmW Kswµ‡c e¨eüZ wewfbœ cÖKvi wcÖ-‡÷ªwms w÷j : 1) ivDÛ Iq¨vi

2) ÷ªv‡ÛW K¨vej ev Iq¨vi ÷ª¨vÛ

3) nvB †÷ªs_ A¨vjq w÷j evi

36) wcÖ-‡÷ªmW Kswµ‡U e¨eüZ Kswµ‡Ui ¸Yv¸Y : wcÖ-‡÷ªmW Kswµ‡U e¨eüZ Kswµ‡Ui AwR©Z kw³ 28 w`‡b 280 †_‡K 350 ‡KwR/eM©wgUvi nIqv DwPr| 37) Kswµ‡Ui mvaviY wgkÖY : wbg©vY mvB‡U Kv‡Ri cwigvY mxwgZ n‡j KswµU ¯
vc‡bi cy‡e© wgkÖ‡Yi Rb¨ we‡kl †Kvb wbqg AbymiY Kiv nq bv| KvVv‡gvi Ici Av‡ivwcZ †jv‡Wi wnmve Kivi cÖ‡qvRb bv n‡j Kswµ‡Ui mvaviY wgkÖY e¨envi Kiv nq| D`vniY¯^iæc, 1 : 1.5 : 3 Abycv‡Zi Kswµ‡Ui gmjv •Zwi Kivi mgq D³ wbw`©ó Abycv‡Z gvjvgvj e¨envi Kiv nqbv| GB wgkÖ‡Yi Rb¨ Kswµ‡Ui †Kvb cixÿv, gvjvgv‡ji ¸Yv¸Y cixÿv Kivi cÖ‡qvRb c‡ibv| 38) Kswµ‡Ui wWRvBb wg· : KvVv‡gvi Ici Av‡ivwcZ †jv‡Wi wnmve Kiv n‡j Ges D³ Av‡ivwcZ †jv‡Wi mv‡c‡ÿ KswµU wWRvBb Kiv n‡j, wWRvBb wg· c×wZ Aej¤^b Kiv nq| Kswµ‡Ui wWRvBb wg· ej‡Z wbw`©ó Abycv‡Z wbw`©ó ¸Ym¤úbœ gvjvgv‡ji e¨envi Kiv‡K eySvq| Kswµ‡Ui wWRvBb wg· Gi Rb¨ †h mKj wel‡qi Bci ¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv nq Zv nj : 1) cÖwZwU Dcv`v‡bi wbw`©ó AbycvZ 4) cÖv_wgK I PzovšÍ RgvUe×Zvi mgq 7) wm‡g‡›Ui cÖKvi‡f` 10) µvwks gvb

2) wgkÖ‡Yi AbycvZ 5) wm‡g‡›Ui ¸Yv¸Y 8) cwjgvwUi cwigvY

3) gvjvgv‡ji aiY 6) Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ 9) Gd.Gg

g¨vmbwi 1) g¨vmbwi : gU©v‡ii mvnv‡h¨ BU ev cv_‡ii wbg©vY KvR‡K g¨vmbwi e‡j| 2) K‡¤úvwRU g¨vmbwi : ¯^í e¨v‡q †`qv‡ji †m․›`h© e„w×i Rb¨ `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK wbg©vb mvgwMÖi mgš^‡q †h †`qvj wbg©vb Kiv nq Zv‡K K‡¤úvwRU g¨vmbwi e‡j| 3) wiBb‡dvm©W weªK g¨vmbwi : gvBì w÷j d¬¨vU, ûc Avqib, ‡gk evi mn‡hv‡M †h B‡Ui Mv_ybx •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K wiBb‡dvm©W weªK g¨vmbwi e‡j| 4) n‡jv †K¬ eøK g¨vmbwi : wba©vwiZ gvwU Øviv wbwg©Z wewfbœ AvKv‡ii dvucv †K¬ eøK ev Uvwj‡K n‡jv †K¬ eøK g¨vmbwi e‡j| G¸‡jv †`L‡Z Lye my›`i I ‡ek kw³kvjx n‡q _v‡K| wfwË, †`Iqvj, cvwU©kb †g‡S Ges Bgvi‡Zi †mv›`h©¨ e„wׇZ n‡jv †K¬ eøK g¨vmbwi e¨envi Kiv nq|

`vjv‡bi Av`©ªZv 1) `vjv‡bi Av`©ªZv :evZvm I gvwUi g‡a¨ cvwbi KYv hLb KvVv‡gvi †`Iqv‡ji gva¨‡g Dc‡i D‡V Av‡m ZLb iæ‡gi g‡a¨ m¨vuZ‡mu‡Z, `yM©Ügq Ges Amv¯
Ki AvenvIqvi m„wó nq| †`Iqv‡j mv`v mv`v I †Qvc †Pvc `vM c‡i| G‡K Av`ª©Zv e‡j| 2) `vjv‡b Av`ª©Zv nevi KviYmg~n :1) gvwU †_‡K †`Iqv‡ji gva¨‡g Av`ªZv D‡V Avmv 2) ewnt¯
 †`Iqv‡j e„wói AvNvZ 3) ‡`Iqv‡ji Dci †_‡K e„wói cvwb cÖ‡ek Kiv 4) Nbxfeb 5) `vjv‡bi cv‡k cvwb wb¯‥vkb e¨e¯
v fvj bv _vKv 6) ‡`Iqv‡j m~‡h©i Zvc Kg jvMv 7) Qv‡` wVKgZ Xvj bv w`‡j 8) wbg©vY ÎæwUi Kvi‡Y ms‡hvM w`‡q cvwb cÖ‡ek Ki‡j 3) Av`ª©Zv weiƒc cÖfve :1) Av`ª©Zvi Kvi‡Y gkvi Dc`ªe e„w× cvq I A¯^v¯
Ki cwi‡e‡ki m„wó nq 2) Av`ª©Zvi Kvi‡Y Iqvj Ges wmwjs K`vKvi AvKvi aviY K‡i 3) Av`ª©Zvi Kvi‡Y cøv÷vi big n‡q hvq Ges SziSzi K‡i S‡i c‡i 4) ‡`Iqv‡ji †W‡Kv‡ikb †hgb PzbKvg, is BZ¨vw` bó n‡q hvq 5) AbeiZ wfRv _vK‡j †`Iqvj G †jvbv a‡i Ges BU, cv_o ÿq n‡q hvq 6) ‡g‡S‡Z Av`ªZv cÖ‡ek Ki‡j †g‡Si kw³ K‡g hvq| †g‡S wXjv n‡q `ye©j n‡q c‡i 7) `iRv Rvbvjv Kv‡Vi AvmevecÎ ms¯ú‡k© G‡j Ny‡b a‡i bó n‡q hvq 8) Iq¨vwis Ges B‡jw±ªK wdwUsm¸‡jv bó n‡q hvq 9) ‡jvnvi wdwUsm G ZvovZvwo gwiPv c‡i 10) wewfbœ iK‡gi kvixwiK †ivM †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i 4) Av`ª©Zv cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ †h mKj e¨e¯
v †bIqv nq Zv nj : 1) Av`ª©Zv cÖwZ‡ivaK Av‪Qv`b 4) dvucv †`Iqvj wbg©vY

2) AšÍt¯
 Av`ª©Zv wb‡ivaK 5) MvwbwUs

3) c„ô wb‡ivaK 6) †cÖmvi MÖvDwUs

5) wW.wc.wm cÖ`v‡bi g~j bxwZ :1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

†`Iqv‡ji mg¯Í PIovB ev cyiæZ¡ Ry‡o AvbyfzwgKfv‡e wW.wc.wm cÖ`vb Kiv DwPr †`Iqv‡ji mg¯Í ‣`N©¨ Ry‡o wW.wc.wm cÖ`vb Kiv DwPZ ‡h †e‡Wi Ici wW.wc.wm w`‡Z n‡e, †m †eW GKB mgZ‡j ev GKB MfxiZv nIqv DwPZ j¨vc R‡q›U weUzwgb Øviv †X‡K w`‡Z n‡e gvwUi mgvšÍiv‡j Ges †`Iqv‡ji LvovB eivei GK m‡½ wW.wc.wm cÖ`vb Ki‡j G‡`i ms‡hvM¯
j‡K ‡Mvj K‡i w`‡Z n‡e

6) MvwbwUs :1 t 3 Abycv‡Z wm‡g›U I evwj wgwkÖZ kw³kvjx gU©vi‡K wm‡g›U Mvb Gi mvnv‡h¨ cÖwZ eM©‡mw›UwgUv‡i 2-3 †KwR Pv‡c cwi¯‥vi c„‡ô m‡Rv‡i wb‡ÿ‡ci gva¨‡g Av`ª©Zv wb‡ivaK Kiv‡K MvwbwUs e‡j| GUv Kgc‡ÿ 10 w`b wKDwis Kiv nq|

cøv÷vwis Ges c‡qw›Us 1) cøv÷vwis : BU ev cv_o Øviv •ZwiK…Z KvVv‡gv †hgb †`Iqvj, wmwjs, exg, wmwo BZ¨vw` Gi †fZ ev evwn‡ii Amgvb c„ô‡`k‡K mgZj, gm„Y, †kvfbxq I Av`ªZv‡ivax Kivi Rb¨ gmjvi mvnv‡h we‡kl Dcv‡q †h cvZjv AveiY •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K cøv÷vi e‡j| Avi cøv÷vi Kivi c×wZ‡K cøv÷vwis e‡j| 2) MÖvBwbs : cøv÷vi mvi‡dm‡K e¨vKMÖvDÛ ev †`Iqv‡ji R‡q‡›Ui bgybvq cÖ`k©b Kiv‡bv‡K MÖvBwbs e‡j| 3) n¨vwKs : cøv÷vi‡K †`Iqv‡j AvUKv‡bvi ci Gi c„ô‡`k‡K Agm„Y ev AvuPo KvUv‡K n¨vwKs e‡j| 4) cy®úvqb : wbg©vY mvgMÖx‡Z jebv³Zvi Rb¨ A_ev jeb cvwb e¨env‡ii Rb¨ †`Iqv‡ji mvi‡d‡m †h mv`v ùwUKvKvi c`v_© m„wó nq Zv‡K cy®úvqb e‡j| 5) cøvóvi bó nevi KviYmg~n : 1) cøvóv‡i evwji cwigvY †ewk n‡j A_ev wb¤œgv‡bi evwj e¨envi Ki‡j 2) cøvóvi `ªæZ ïwK‡q †M‡j dvuUj †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i 3) cvwb cÖ‡ek Ki‡j m¨vuZ‡mu‡Z n‡q cøv÷vi L‡m co‡Z cv‡i 6) cøv÷vi Ae c¨vwim : cÖvK…wZK wRcmvg‡K dv‡ibnvBU n‡Z dv‡ibnvBU ev †mjwmqvm Zv‡c †cvov‡bvi c‡i fvjfv‡e PzY© K‡i cvDWv‡i cwibZ Kiv nq| G‡K cøv÷vi Ae c¨vwim e‡j| 7) weøóvwis : cøv÷viK…Z c„‡ô ‡dvmKv m„ó nIqv ev ‡QvU †QvU wP`ª m„ó nIqv‡K weøóvwis e‡j| 8) †d¬wKs : cøv÷v‡ii GKvwaK c„‡ôi gv‡S eÜb Kg n‡j Zv L‡m c‡i| G‡K †d¬wKs e‡j| 9) c‡qw›Us : c‡qw›Us GKwU AvU© ev cÖ‡mm, hvi mvnv‡h¨ BU ev cv_‡oi †`Iqv‡ji evwn‡ii w`‡Ki cv‡k¦©i †Rvov¸‡jv‡K †iwKs K‡i fvj ¸Ym¤úbœ gmjvi mvnv‡h¨ †X‡K †`Iqv nq| d‡j †Rvov¸‡jv AvenvIqv RwbZ Kvi‡Y bó nqbv| 10) cøv÷vwis I c‡qw›Us Gi D‡Ïk¨ : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)

wbg©vY KvR I wbg©vY mvgMÖxi ÎæwUmg~n †X‡K †`Iqvi Rb¨ Av`ªZv, m¨vuZ‡mu‡Z fve I e„wói cvwb Pzuqv‡bv n‡Z †`Iqvj‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ KvVv‡gvi AmgZj c„ô‡K mgZj, gm„Y I my›`i Kivi Rb¨ N‡ii †fZi‡K ¯^v¯
m¤§Z Kivi Rb¨ ‡`Iqvji c„ô‡K is Kivi myweavi Rb¨ KvVv‡gvi †m․›`h© e„w× Kivi Rb¨ AvenvIqvi ÿwZKviK cÖfve †_‡K `vjvb‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ ‡cvKvgvK‡ii nvZ n‡Z `vjvb‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨

11) fvj c‡qw›Us Gi ¸Yv¸Y : 1) GUv KvVv‡gvi †Rvov¸‡jv‡K k³ I ¯
vqxZ¡ Ki‡e| 2) KvVv‡gvi ev¯Íe iæc Gi cÖwZdjb NUvq| 3) e„wói cvwb Mvu_ybxi †fZ‡i cÖ‡e‡k evav ‡`q| 4) KvVv‡gvi †m․›`h©¨ e„w× K‡i|

12) c‡qw›Us Gi Dcv`vb : c‡qw›Us Kv‡R mvaviYZ wm‡g›U gU©vi ev jvBg gU©vi e¨envi Kiv nq| jvBg gU©v‡i Pzb I evwji A‡bycvZ 1 t 1 Ges wm‡g›U gU©v‡i wm‡g›U I evwji AbycvZ 1 t 2 A_ev 1 t 3 n‡q _v‡K|

‡cBw›Us I fvwb©wks 1) ‡cB›U Gi D‡Ïk¨ : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

KvVv‡gvi c„ô‡`k‡K my›`i I g‡bvig K‡i †m․›`h© e„w× Kivi Rb¨ Kv‡Vi AvmevecÎ Ny‡b aivi nvZ n‡Z iÿv Kivi Rb¨ Kv‡Vi cPb I †jvnvi wRwb‡m gwiPv civ †iva Kivi Rb¨ AvenvIqvi ÿwZKviK cÖfve †_‡K c„ô‡`k‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ Avevm¯
j‡K ¯^v¯
Ki K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ K‡ÿi Av‡jvK D¾jZv e„w× Kivi Rb¨

2) ‡cB›U Gi Dcv`vb : 1) gyj Dcv`vb = (†iW A·vBW, wRsK A·vBW, Avqib A·vBW, wU‡Uwbqvg †nvqvBU, wj‡_v‡dvb) 2) evnb = (wZwmi †Zj, UvsK A‡qj, cwc A‡qj, bvU A‡qj, wdm A‡qj, KUb mxW A‡qj) 3) `ªveK ‡Zje× †cB›U = Zviwcb, †nvqvBU w¯úwiU, b¨vc_v, †ebwRb w¯úwiU wjKvi = A¨vj‡Kvnj ‡mjy‡jvR †cB›U = B_vBj¨vgvBj Gwm‡UU wW‡÷¤úvi = cvwb 4) ï®‥Kvix - (wj_vR©, †jW Gwm‡UU, g¨v½vwbR WvB A·vBW, wRsK mvj‡dU, †Kvevë, †jW, g¨v½vwbR) 5) iÄK 3) cÖvBwgs : bwUs Gi ci m¤ú~Y© c„ô‡K m¨vÛ †ccvi Øviv N‡l gm„Y Kiv nq| Zvici †QvU †QvU wQ`ª eÜ Kivi Rb¨ ‡cB›U ev fvwb©‡ki †h nvjKv cÖ‡jc †`Iq nq Zv‡K cÖvBwgs e‡j| 4) cywUs •Zwii Dcv`vb : PK cvDWvi + wZwmi †Zj 5) PzbKv‡gi Dcv`vbmg~n : 1) cv_y‡i Pzb 4) eøy ev bxj

2) KwjPzb 5) cvwb

3) Mvg ev Møy

6) wW‡÷¤úv‡ii Dcv`vbmg~n : 1) gyj Dcv`vb = (PK cvDWvi) 2) evnb = (cvwb) 3) evBÛvi = (Mvg ev ‡iwRb) 4) iÄK = (†eøW †jW, meyR I njy` †µvg) 7) †mwMs : ‡cB›U Gi cyiæZ¡ †ewk n‡j GUv Sz‡j c‡i| G‡K †mwMs e‡j 8) ‡iwRb : ‡iwRb mvaviYZ Av¤^vi, †Kvcvi, Mvg, Wvgvi, gvw÷K, j¨vK ev †kjK BZ¨vw` Øviv •Zwi Kiv nq| 9) fvj †cB›U Gi ¸Yvejx : 1) G¸‡jvi Av‪Qv`b ÿgZv †ewk nIqv DwPr 2) G¸‡jvi NbZ¡ Ggb nIqv DwPr †hb eªvk Øviv G¸‡jv‡K mn‡R Uvbv hvq 3) G¸‡jv A_©‣bwZKfv‡e mvkÖqx n‡e

4) G¸‡jv mvaviYZ 24 N›Uvi ‡fZi ïwK‡q hv‡e 5) G¸‡jv ïKv‡bvi ci AcÖ‡ek¨, mg e‡Y©i ¯Íi, gm„Y, k³ Ges ÿq cÖwZ‡ivax n‡e 6) G¸‡jv AvenvIqvRbxZ Kvi‡Y ÿwZMÖ¯
 n‡ebv 7) Gi c„ô‡`k AvKl©bxq n‡e 8) G¸‡jv ïKv‡bvi ci c„ô‡`‡k eªv‡ki `vM, ms‡KvPb wPý dvUj BZ¨vw` †`Lv hv‡ebv 9) Av`ªZv cÖwZ‡iva Kivi e¨vcv‡i GUv h‡Zó kw³kvjx n‡e 10) GUv AwMœ‡ivax n‡e 10) fvj fvwb©‡ki ¸Yvejx : 1) 2) 3) 4)

GUv Kv‡Vi Avu‡ki D¾jZv e„w× Ki‡e ‡cB‡›Ui c„ô‡K AvenvIqvi cÖfve n‡Z iÿv Ki‡e ‡cB‡›Ui c„‡ôi D¾jZv Avbqb Ki‡e ‡cB‡›Ui cvZjv Avei‡Yi ¯
vqxZ¡Zv e„w× Ki‡e

11) fvwb©‡ki Dcv`vbmg~n : 1) †iwRb = iRb, Av¤^vi, †Kvcvi, Mvg, Wvgvi, gvw÷K, j¨vK ev †kjK 2) `ªveK = wZwmi †Zj, Zviwcb, †gw_‡j‡UW w¯úwiU, b¨vc_v 3) ï®‥Kvix = wj_vR©, †k¦Z Kcvi, †jW G¨vwm‡UU

`iRv I Rvbvjv 1) wbg©vY Abyhvqx `iRvi cÖKvi‡f` : 1) †d«BgW Ges c¨v‡bj `iRv 5) jyfvW© `iRv

2) †MøBRW ev mvm `iRv 6) Iq¨vi †MøBRW `iRv

3) d¬vk `iRv

4) mvm `iRv

2) gywjqb : `iRv ev Rvbvjvi †d«‡gi ga¨eZ©x Lvov †g¤^vi‡K gywjqb e‡j| GwU `iRv ev Rvbvjv‡K Lvovfv‡e wef³ K‡i| 3) Uªvbmvg : Abyf~wgK ‡h †g¤^vi Rvbvjvi †dvKi‡K wef³ K‡i Zv‡K Uªvbmvg e‡j| 4) R¨v¤^ I wiwfj : ‡`Iqv‡j `iRv ev Rvbvjvi Rb¨ wbwg©Z I‡cwbs G Lvov cvk¦©Øq‡K R¨v¤^ e‡j| GUv †d«g‡K a‡i ivL‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| R¨v¤^ Gi ewnt¯
 cvk¦©‡K wiwfj e‡j| 5) †nvìdv÷ : `iRv Rvbvjvi †d«g‡K †`Iqv‡ji mv‡_ a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ ‡RW AvKv‡ii †h gvBì óxj evi e¨envi Kivi nq Zv‡K †nvìdv÷ e‡j| Gi •`N©¨ mvaviYZ 20 †mwg n‡q _v‡K| 6) `iRvi †ÿ‡Î 8 DS 20 Ges 12 DT 21Gi A_© : 8 DS 20 A_© n‡‪Q,

1) wm¤^‡ji cÖ_g msL¨v 8, `iRvi PIov‡K gWzj Øviv eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr 8  10  80 cm (GK gWyj = 10 cm ) 2) `iRvi cÖKvi D = `iRv Ges S = wm‡½j kvU©vi 3) wm¤^‡ji ‡kl msL¨v 20, `iRvi D‪PZv gWzj Øviv eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr 20  10  200 cm 12 DT 21 A_© n‡‪Q,

1) `iRvi PIov ev cÖ¯
 12 gWzj, A_©vr 12  10  120 cm 2) `iRvi cÖKvi D = `iRv Ges T = Wvej kvU©vi 3) `iRvi D‪PZv 21, gWzj A_©vr 21  10  210 cm 7) †e DBÛ : hLb †Kvb K‡ÿi ewnt¯
 †`Iqvj evB‡i w`‡K evwo‡q †`Iqv nq, D³ evowZ †`Iqvj Ry‡o †h Rvbvjv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K †e DBÛ e‡j| K‡·i g‡a¨ AwZwi³ RvqMv, Av‡jvevZvm cvIqvi Rb¨ Ges `vjv‡bi †m․›`h© e„w× Kivi Rb¨ AvqZvKvi, eM©vKvi ev wÎfzRvKvi AvK…wZi †e DB‡Ûv •Zwi Kiv nq| 8) Wg©vi DB‡Ûv : Qv‡`i wb¤œ¯
 K‡ÿ Av‡jv evZvm cÖ‡e‡ki Rb¨ Xvjy Qv‡`i Xvjwewkó As‡k Dj¤^fv‡e †h Rvbvjv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K Wg©vi DB‡Ûv e‡j| 9) M¨vej DB‡Ûv : Xvjy Qv‡`i M¨vej ev wÎfzRvKvi As‡k †h Rvbvjv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K M¨vej DB‡Ûv e‡j|

10) j¨vbUvb© DB‡Ûv : K‡ÿ Av‡jv evZvm cÖ‡e‡ki Rb¨ mgZj Qv‡` †dvKi †K‡U Zvi Ici †P․Pvjv N‡ii gZ †h Rvbvjv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K j¨vbUvb© DB‡Ûv e‡j| Rvbvjv •Zwii Rb¨ Kv‡Vi †d«g e¨envi Kiv nq Ges †d«‡gi Pviw`‡K Ges Dc‡i KvuP Øviv Ave„Z Kiv nq| 11) †K¬‡i‡÷vwi DB‡Ûv : ‡hLv‡b K‡ÿi D‪PZv cvk¦©eZ©x K‡ÿi †_‡K †ewk †mLv‡b e„nr AvK…wZi †h Rvbvjv •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K †K¬‡i‡÷vwi DB‡Ûv e‡j| 12) Rvbvjvi †ÿ‡Î 6 WS 12 Ges 10 WT 13 Gi A_© : 6 WS 12 A_© n‡‪Q,

1) wm¤^‡ji cÖ_g msL¨v 6, Rvbvjvi PIov‡K gWzj Øviv eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr 6  10  60 cm 2) `iRvi cÖKvi W = Rvbvjv Ges S = wm‡½j kvU©vi 3) wm¤^‡ji ‡kl msL¨v 12, Rvbvjvi D‪PZv gWzj Øviv eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr 12  10  120 cm 10 WT 13 A_© n‡‪Q,

1) Rvbvjvi PIov ev cÖ¯
 10 gWzj, A_©vr 10  10  100 cm 2) Rvbvjvi cÖKvi W = Rvbvjv Ges T = Wvej kvU©vi 3) Rvbvjvi D‪PZv 13, gWzj A_©vr 13  10  130 cm 13) †W‡Kv‡iwUf `iRv : wfwbqvi cvi‡U· `iRvi cvjøv‡Z bKkv KvUv weU ewm‡q †W‡Kv‡iwUf `iRv •Zwi Kiv nq| Aci w`K mwjW `iRv‡Z †Lv`vB K‡i bKkv Kiv nq| 14) cøvBDW I diwgKvi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : cøvBDW cøvBDW wfZ‡ii Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †ewk Dc‡hvMx GUv nvjKv fvix Ges cÖvq meai‡bi Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv hvq cvwU©kb, c¨v‡bj `iRvi Kv‡R we‡kl Dc‡hvMx

diwgKv diwgKv cvi‡U· †ev‡W©i Dci e¨envi Kiv nq GUv cvZjv Ges meai‡bi Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv hvqbv cvi‡U· †evW© Gi Dc‡ii c„‡ôi †m․›`h©¨ e„w×i Kv‡R Dc‡hvMx

Kv‡c©w›Uª I R‡qbvix 1) Kv‡c©w›Uª I R‡qbvix : ‡h Kjv‡K․k‡ji gva¨‡g ÷ªvKPvivj wU¤^vi‡K cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx wewfbœ AvK…wZ‡Z †K‡U, mgZj K‡i wewfbœ RvqMv‡Z ‡Rvov w`‡q Kvw‫‫‬LZ AvK„wZ‡Z •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K Kv‡c©w›Uª e‡j| Avi Kv‡Vi †g¤^vi¸‡jv mywbw`©ó Kjv‡K․k‡ji gva¨‡g †Rvov †`Iqvi c×wZ‡K R‡qbvix e‡j| 2) A¯
vqx I ¯
vqx Kv‡c©w›Uª : `vjvb ev †Kvb ¯
vqx KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kivi Rb¨ Kv‡Vi †h mKj A¯
vqx KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K A¯
vqx Kv‡c©w›Uª e‡j| Ges `vjv‡bi †m․›`h© e„w×i Rb¨ Kv‡Vi †h mKj ¯
vqx KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K ¯
vqx Kv‡c©w›Uª e‡j| 3) wgwës : `ywU Kv‡Vi †g¤^vi‡K †h †Kvb wbw`©ó †Kv‡Y G‡K Ac‡ii Kv‡_ †Rvov †`Iqvi c×wZ‡K wgwës e‡j| Avi †gvwìsK…Z Kv‡Vi GK cÖvšÍ †K‡U Ab¨ GKwU ‡gvwìsK…Z Kv‡Vi mv‡_ ms‡hvM †`Iqvi c×wZ‡K ¯…vBwes e‡j| 4) ÷c †Pçvwis : Kv‡Vi cÖvšÍ‡K 45 wWMÖx †Kv‡Y Xvjy Kiv‡K †Pçvwis e‡j| †Kv‡Yi cwigvb 45 wWMÖx Gi Kg ev †ewk n‡j Zv‡K †e‡fvj e‡j| Avi Kv‡Vi †g¤^vi Gi j¤^vjw¤^ eivei †Pçvwis bv Kiv n‡j Zv‡K ÷c †Pçvwis e‡j | 5) dv‡mwbs : Kv‡Vi R‡q›U‡K kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ †h mKj mvgMÖx e¨envi Ki nq Zv‡K dv‡mwbs e‡j| 6) wdm R‡q›U : `ywU Kv‡Vi ‡g¤^v‡ii cÖvšÍ‡K eM©vKv‡i †K‡U gy‡LvgywL ¯
vcb K‡i Dfq cv‡k Kv‡Vi A_ev †jvnvi †cøU ¯
vcb K‡i bvU †ev‡ëi mvnv‡h¨ †Rvov †`Iqv‡K wdm R‡q›U e‡j| GB R‡q›U Uvb cxob cÖwZ‡iva K‡i|

¯‥¨v‡dvwìs 1) ¯‥¨v‡dvwìs : ‡Kvb KvVv‡gvi wbg©vY KvR Kivi mgq hLb wbg©vY KvR 1.5 wgUv‡ii †ewg DPz‡Z ‡c․Qvq ZLb wbg©vY KvR Ae¨nZ ivLvi Rb¨ †h A¯
vqx KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq ZLb Zv‡K ¯‥¨v‡dvwìs e‡j| Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv¸‡jv nj : 1) wbg©vY Kvi Kivi mgq wgw¯¿i hveZxq gvjvgvj ivLvi myweavi Rb¨ 2) KvVv‡gvi Pvicv‡k ch©vß hvqMv bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y KvR myôfv‡e Kivi Rb¨ 3) KvVv‡gvi DPz As‡k KvR Kivi myweavi Rb¨ 4) fvjx wbg©vY mvgMÖx DVv‡bv bvgv‡bvi myweavi Rb¨ 5) DPz‡Z KvR Kivi mgq wg¯¿xi wbivcËvi Rb¨ 2) ÷¨vÛvW© : ¯‥¨v‡dvwìs Gi Kv‡R KvVv‡gvi Pvicv‡k 2 †_‡K 2.5 wgUvi cici Lvovfv‡e †h LyuwU †cvZv nq Zv‡K ÷¨vÛvW© e‡j| 3) cyUjM : KvV ev evu‡ki †h AvbyfzwgK †g¤^v‡ii GKcÖvšÍ ÷¨vÛvW© Gi mv‡_ evav nq Ges Aci cÖvšÍ †`Iqv‡ji †fZi XzwK‡q †`Iqv nq Zv‡K cyUjM e‡j| Gi Ici KvV ev kxU ewm‡q gvPv •Zwi K‡i KvR Kiv nq| 4) wbWj ev K¨vw›Uwjfvi ¯‥¨v‡dvwìs : hLb wbg©vYvaxb fe‡bi cv‡k e¨¯Í iv¯Ív _v‡K ev wbR¯^ RvqMv bv _v‡K ZLb Rvbvjvi dv‡K ev †`Iqv‡j wQ`ª Kiv nq Ges D³ wQ‡`ªi †fZi wbWj exg cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq| wbWj exg ¸‡jv‡K k³fv‡e a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ exg¸‡jv‡K weqviv‡ii mv‡_ hy³ K‡i Gi Ici K¨vw›Uwjfvi cÖv‡šÍ †h dg©IqvK© •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K wbWj ev K¨vw›Uwjfvi ¯‥¨v‡dvwìs e‡j| GU& •Zwi Kivi D‡Ïk¨ nj : 1) `ye©j gvwU‡Z ÷¨vÛvW© emv‡bvi Aby‡cv‡hvMx n‡j 2) †`Iqv‡ji wbKU¯
 iv¯Ív hvbevnb PjvP‡ji R‡b¨ gy³ ivLvi Rb¨ 5) †kvwis : wec`MÖ¯
 KvVv‡gv‡K mv‡cvU© †`evi Rb¨ Ges Gi `ye©j wfwˇK kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ †h evuk ev w÷‡ji •Zwi †h mv‡cvU© ev †VKbv †`Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K †kvwis e‡j| GKK_vq wec`MÖ¯
 KvVv‡gv‡K †VKbv †`evi Rb¨ †h A¯
vqx KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K †kvwis e‡j| 6) ÷xj ¯‥¨v‡dvwìs Gi myweav mg~n : 1) AwaK D‪PZvq GwU •Zwi Kiv Ges e¨envi Kiv hvq 2) GUv AwaK kw³kvjx Ges ¯
vqxZ¡ m¤úbœ 3) GUv mn‡RB •Zwi Kiv Ges AcmviY Kiv hvq Ges †Kvb Amyweav †fvM Ki‡Z nqbv 4) GUv AwMœ wb‡ivaK 7) ÷xj ¯‥¨v‡dvwìs Gi Amyweav mg~n : 1) cÖv_wgK LiP A‡bi †ewk 2) ‣Zwi Ki‡Z AwfÁ kÖwg‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb 3) gwiPv †iv‡a evievi is Ki‡Z nq 8) †dqvi †dm dg© IqvK© : ‡h dg©IqvK© e¨envi Ki‡j XvjvBK…Z Kswµ‡Ui c„ô‡`k GZUvB gm„Y †`Lvq †h G‡K cøvóvi Kivi cÖqvRb c‡i bv Zv‡K †dqvi †dm dg© IqvK© e‡j|

9) ¯‥¨v‡dvwìs Kv‡R wbivcËvi Rb¨ †h mKj e¨e¯
v MÖnY Kiv nq : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)

KvVv‡gvi wbK‡U †Kvb iv¯Ív _vK‡j mZK©xKiY mvBb w`‡Z n‡e Ges wbivcËv e¨e¯
v Ki‡Z n‡e ¯‥¨v‡dvwìs mwVKfv‡e mshy³ n‡q‡Q wKbv Zv wbixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e D‪PZv †ewk n‡j wbivcËv Rvj G e¨e¯
v Ki‡Z n‡e ‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ IqvwKUwK ev gvBK e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e kÖwgK‡`i‡K Kvh© PjvKvjxb wewfbœ wec` m¤ú‡K© mZK© Ki‡Z n‡e cÖv_wgK wPwKrmvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mbÄvg cÖ¯‧Z ivL‡Z n‡e wbivcËvi Rb¨ me©vcwi DaŸ©Zb KZ…c‡ÿi civgk© †gvZv‡eK wbg©vY KvR Ki‡Z n‡e

dg© IqvK© 1) dg© IqvK© : m`¨ XvjvBK…Z KswµU‡K Rwg‡q wbw`©ó AvKv‡i Avbvi Rb¨ KvV, cøvwóK ev †jvnvi Øviv †h A¯
vqx KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K dg© IqvK© ev mvUvwis ev †m›Uvwis e‡j| 2) ÷xj dg© Iqv‡K©i myweavmg~n : 1) evi evi e¨envi Kiv hvq 2) ‡Lvjv Ges AcmviY Kiv mnR 3) mgZj I gm„Y c„ô cÖ`vb K‡i 4) AwaK fvievnx 5) evuKv‡bv ev ms‡KvPb nIqv †_‡K gy³ 3) dg© IqvK© wbgv©‡Yi avc mg~n : 1) LywU ¯
vcb Gfs †m›Uvwis 2) cvUvZb •ZwiKiY 3) K¨v¤^vi cÖ`vb 4) cwi®‥vi I Dc‡hvMx KiY 4) ex‡gi dg© Iqv‡K©i Dcvsk mg~n : 1) wK¬U

2) cvk¦© kxwUs

3) Zjvi kxwUs

4) †jRvi

5 †nW wUª

5) dg© Iqv‡K©i Ici mvaviYZ †h mKj †jvW Av‡m Zv nj : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

m`¨ XvjvBK…Z Kswµ‡Ui IRb m`¨ XvjvBK…Z Kswµ‡Ui nvBWª÷¨vwUK †cÖmvi Kvh©iZ kÖwgK‡`i IRb XvjvB Gi mgq Bgc¨v± cÖwZwµqv K¤úbRbxZ †jvW

6) w÷ªwcs UvBg : mvaviY Ae¯
vq †cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U Øviv XvjvB Kiv n‡j, XvjvB kyKv‡bvi †h wbw`©ó mgq ci dg© IqvK© †Lvjv nq Zv‡K w÷ªwcs UvBg e‡j| 7) fvj dg© Iqv‡K©i ¸Yvejx : 1) 2) 3) 4)

GUv Lye k³ n‡e Ges XvjvB Gi mgq AvMZ mKj cÖKvi †jvW wb‡Z cvi‡e dg© Iqv‡K©i e¨eüZ gvjvgvj m¯Ív, mnR cÖvc¨ Ges cybivq e¨envi Dc‡hvMx n‡e wW‡d¬Kkb cÖwZ‡iv‡a GUv ch©vß `„p n‡e GUv cvwb‡ivax n‡e

5) 6) 7) 8) 9)

GUv hZ`yi m¤¢e nvjKv n‡e GUv mn‡R wbg©vY Kiv hv‡e Ges Ly‡j †djv hv‡e KswµU ms¯úk© dg© Iqv‡K©i c„ô‡`k gm„Y n‡e dg© Iqv‡K©i †Rvov¸‡jv `„p n‡e hv‡Z wm‡g›U MÖvDU wj‡KR bv K‡i Abo I gReyZ mv‡cv‡U©i Ici GUv ¯
vcb Ki‡Z n‡e

8) †m›Uvwis : dg©IqvK© †K mwVK Ae¯
v‡b a‡i ivLv‡K †m›Uvwis e‡j|

wbg©vY hš¿cvZx 1) gvwU ¯
vbvšÍi hš¿cvZx : 1) ¯…¨vcvi 2) eyj‡WvRvi

3) A¨v‡½j †WvRvi

4) WªvM jvBb

2) wWIqvUvwis : Kb÷ªvKkb mvB‡U R‡g _vKv cvwb Acmvi‡Yi Rb¨ †h hvwš¿K c×wZ Aej¤^b Kiv nq Zv‡K wWIqvUvwis e‡j| 3) wbg©vY Kv‡R cv¤ú wbe©vP‡b we‡eP¨ welq mg~n : 1) wbf©i‡hvM¨Zv 2) †givg‡Zi Rb¨ LyPiv hš¿cvZxi mnRcÖvc¨Zv 4) ms¯
vcb Ges Pvjv‡bv LiP

3) mn‡R †givgZ‡hvM¨

4) KswÎU wg·vi †gwkb iÿbv‡eÿ‡bi welqmg~n : 1) KswµU wgkÖ‡bi KvR †kl n‡q †M‡j †gwkbK fvjfv‡e cwi¯‥vi KiZt †a․Z K‡i ivL‡Z n‡e 2) ¸Y©vqgvb h‡š¿i gv‡S hv‡Z KswµU R‡g wcÛ m„wó bv K‡i †mw`‡K jÿ ivL‡Z n‡e 3) KswµU wg·v‡ii Af¨šÍi memgq jÿ ivL‡Z n‡e| †Kvb wKQz †f‡½ †M‡j ev bó n‡q †M‡j Zv `ªæZ †givgZ Ki‡Z n‡e| 4) ‡gwk‡bi wMqvi mPj ivLvi Rb¨ j„weª‡KwUs e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e 5) fvB‡eªUi : KswµU‡K wbw`©ó ¯
v‡b XvjvB Kivi ci Zv‡K `„p Kivi Rb¨ K¤ú¨vKkb Kiv nq| K¤ú¨vKkb Kivi Rb¨ †h hš¿ e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K fvB‡eªUi e‡j|

wWRvBb †KvW I we¯ÍvwiZ bKkv 1) wWRvBb †KvW : Avi.wm.wm wWRvB‡bi Rb¨ KZK¸‡jv wb‡`©kvejx ev bxwZgvjv cÖPwjZ i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv‡K AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q wewfbœ †ckvwfwËK MÖæc, e¨emvqx ms¯
v, KvixMix cÖwZôvb wewae× AvBb AvKv‡i cÖKvk K‡i| G‡K wWRvBb †KvW e‡j| 2) wbivc` mnM : †h mg¯Í KvVv‡gv‡Z µgea©gvb AvKv‡i †jvW AvcwZZ nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î-Factor of Safty 

Elastic Limit  2  2.5 Working Stress

†h mg¯Í KvVv‡gv‡Z nVvr †jvW AvcwZZ nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î-Factor of Safty 

Elastic Limit  46 Working Stress

3) Working Stress Design (W.S.D) I Ultimate Strength Design (U.S.D) Gi gv‡S cv_©K¨ Ultimate Strength Design (U.S.D)

Working Stress Design (W.S.D)

G c×wZ‡Z c`v‡_©i Bb-Bjvw÷K AvPiY Gi wfwˇZ m‡e©v‪P kw³ a‡i wWRvBb Kiv nq wewfbœ cÖKvi †jv‡Wi mZš¿ cv_©K¨ I AwbðqZv we‡ePbv Kiv nq| KvVv‡gvi wbivc` gvwR©b m¤ú‡K© cwi¯‥vi aviYv cvIqv hvq| c`v‡_©i c~e© †÷ªs_ e¨env‡ii Rb¨ AvÛvi wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U wnmv‡e wWRvBb Kiv nq|

AvPiY Gi wfwˇZ Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ cxob a‡i wWRvBb Kiv nq me ai‡bi †jvW‡K GKB cÖKvi cwieZ©bkxj Ges AwbðqZv we‡ePbv Kiv nq| KvVv‡gvi wbivc` gvwR©b m¤ú‡K© cwi¯‥vi aviYv cvIqv hvq bv| Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ †÷ªm wnmv‡e c`v‡_©i kw³i GKwU fMœvsk e¨envi Kiv nq e‡j AwaKvsk †mKkbB e¨vjvÝW A_ev Ifvi wiBb‡dvm©W n‡q _v‡K| GUv AmvkÖqx wWRvBb wWRvBb c×wZ ‡gKvwb· Gi m~‡Îi Dci wfwË K‡i M‡o D‡V‡Q| KvVv‡gv wWRvB‡b c`v‡_©i gWzjvi †iwkI e¨envi Kiv nq GUv cyivZb c×wZ

GUv mvkÖqx wWRvBb wWRvBb c×wZ wewfbœ cixÿv c×wZi Dci wfwË K‡i M‡o D‡V‡Q| KvVv‡gv wWRvB‡b c`v‡_©i †U÷-‡÷ªs_ e¨envi Kiv nq& GUv AvaywbK c×wZ 4) ‡jvW :

KvVv‡gvi Ici evwni †_‡K AvcwZZ wewfbœ cÖKvi ej‡K †jvW e‡j| wb‡P wewfbœ cÖKvi †jv‡Wi wPÎ †`Iqv nj t

5) †WW †jvW : KvVv‡gvi †h mg¯Í †jvW AcwieZ©bkxj _v‡K Zv‡K †WW †jvW e‡j| KvVv‡gvi Avqy¯‥v‡ji mv‡_ Gmg¯Í †jv‡Wi †Kvb cwieZ©b nqbv| †hgb, KvVv‡gvi wbR¯^ IRb, AvmevecÎ ** jvBf †jvW : KvVv‡gvi †h mg¯Í †jvW cwieZ©bkxj _v‡K Zv‡K jvBf †jvW e‡j| KvVv‡gvi Avqy¯‥v‡ji mv‡_ Gmg¯Í †jvW cwieZ©bkxj| †hgb, gvby‡li IRb 6) cvwicvwk©K †jvW : cÖK…wZi Kvi‡Y KvVv‡gvi Ici †h mg¯Í †jvW KvR K‡i Zv‡K cvwicvwk©K †jvW e‡j| Gmg¯Í †jvW cwieZ©bkxj| †hgb, evZv‡mi Pvc, So-Zzdvb| KvVv‡gvi D‪PZv Zvi fzwgi cÖ‡¯
i wZb¸‡Yi †ewk n‡j cvwicvwk©K †jvW we‡ePbv Kiv nq| mvaviYZ Avgv‡`i †`‡k KvVv‡gvi Ici cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 100 †KwR †jvW we‡ePbv Kiv nq| 7) w¯
wZ¯
vcK ¸bvsK : w¯
wZ¯
vcK mxgvi g‡a¨ Kswµ‡Ui cxob weK…wZ †iLvi Xvj‡K w¯
wZ¯
vcK ¸bvsK ev gWzjvm Ae Bjvw÷wmwU e‡j| Kswµ‡Ui w¯
wZ¯
vcK ¸YvsK, E  W 1.5 4270 f c' GLv‡b, W = Kswµ‡Ui GKK IRb (ton / m3 ) f c' = Kswµ‡Ui m‡e©v‪P cxob (kg / cm2 ) 8) ACI ‡KvW Abyhvqx Kswµ‡Ui Aby‡gv`b†hvM¨ wkqvi cxob¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc,

K) exg Ges ¯ø¨v‡ei †ÿ‡Î I‡qe wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U e¨ZxZ Kswµ‡Ui Aby‡gv`b†hvM¨ wkqvi cxob, vc  0.292 fc' kg / cm2

L) R‡q‡›Ui †ÿ‡Î I‡qe wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U e¨ZxZ Aby‡gv`b†hvM¨ wkqvi cxob vc  0.318 fc' kg / cm2 M) I‡qe wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U mn Kswµ‡Ui Aby‡gv`b†hvM¨ wkqvi cxob, vc  1.325 fc' kg / cm2 N) ¯ø¨v‡ei Ges dzwUs Gi †ÿ‡Î Aby‡gv`b†hvM¨ cwiwa¯
 wkqvi, vc  0.53 fc' kg / cm2 9) gWzjvi †iwkI : w÷‡ji gWzjvm Ae Bjvw÷wmwU I Kswµ‡Ui gWzjvm Ae Bjvw÷wmwU Gi AbycvZ‡K gWzjvi †iwkI e‡j| G‡K n Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| 10) Kswµ‡Ui Pvckw³ cixÿvi D‡Ïk¨ : 1) Kswµ‡Ui wbivc` ev Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ Pvc cxob f c wbY©q hv m‡e©v‪P kw³i 0.45 ¸Y|  fc  0.45 fc' kg / cm2

2) Kswµ‡Ui Uvb kw³ wbY©q hv m‡e©v‪P kw³i 10 – 20 % ¸Y| 3) Kswµ‡Ui wkqvi †÷ªs_ wbY©q hv m‡e©v‪P kw³i 35 – 40 % ¸Y| 4) ‡U‡ói cÖvß Z_¨vw` n‡Z mgvbycvwZK mxgv, w¯
wZ¯
vcK MybvsK Ges 0.01% Ad‡mU Bì †÷ªs_ mn cxob weK…wZ WvqvMÖvg AsKb Kiv| 11) Kswµ‡Ui m‡e©v”P cxob : ewn¨K ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j e¨v_© nevi AvM gyûZ© ch©šÍ KswµU bgybvwU m‡e©v‪P †h cwigvY †jvW wb‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K D³ Kswµ‡Ui m‡e©v‪P cxob| G‡K f c' Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|

** Kswµ‡Ui m‡e©v‪P cxob =

Maximum Load or Breaking Load W / P  Area of Cube A

12) Kswµ‡Ui Aby‡gv`b†hvM¨ cxob : Bjvw÷K †i‡Äi g‡a¨ KswµU wbivc‡` †h cwigvY †jvW wb‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K Kswµ‡Ui Aby‡gv`b†hvM¨ cxob e‡j| G‡K f c Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| ACI ‡KvW Abyhvqx Kswµ‡Ui Aby‡gv`b†hvM¨ cxob, f c  0.45 f c' 13) Kswµ‡Ui Pvckw³ wbiƒc‡b wmwjÛvi †U‡ói myweav : wKDe †U‡ó mvaviYZ wmwjÛvi †U‡ó cÖvß kw³i 20 - 30% †ewk cvIqv hvq| Z‡e †Kvb cÖKvi †Uó ‡ewk Kvh©Kix Zv wbwðZfv‡e ejv hvqbv| Z‡e ZyjbvgyjK fv‡e wmwjÛvi †Uó †ewk wbf©ikxj| wb‡P Gi myweavmg~n †`qv nj t1) wmwjÛvi †Uó bgybvq wePzY©b Gi †K․wbK cÖwZeÜKZv Øviv Kg cÖfvweZ nq| 2) wmwjÛvi bgybvq kw³ †gvU c~iK c`v‡_©i ¸Yv¸‡Yi Øviv Kg cÖfvweZ nq| 3) wKDe A‡cÿv wmwjÛvi bgybvi †h †Kvb AbyfzwgK Z‡j cxob weZiY †ewk mgfvevcbœ|

`vjvb (Building) `vjv‡bi wewfbœ As‡ki weeiY : 1) wfwË : KvVv‡gvi †h me©wb¤œ¯
 Ask gvwUi ms¯ú‡k© †_‡K KvVv‡gvi fvi gvwUi Dci Ac©Y K‡i Zv‡K wfwË e‡j| 2) wfwË Zj : we‡klfv‡e ‣Zwi dvD‡Ûk‡bi wb¤œ¯
 k³ fzwgZj‡K wfwË Zj ev dvD‡Ûkb †eW e‡j| 3) mve ÷ªvKPvi : wfwË Zj M‡Z wcøš
 †j‡fj ch©šÍ D‪PZv‡K mve ÷ªvKPvi e‡j| 4) mycvi ÷ªvKPvi : wcøš
 †j‡fj Gi Dc‡ii Ask‡K mycvi ÷ªvKPvi e‡j| 5) †dm : †`Iqv‡ji †h cvk AvenvIqvi w`‡K ev evB‡ii w`‡K _v‡K _v‡K †dm e‡j| 6) †dwms: †`Iqv‡ji †d‡m ‡h mKj DcKiY e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K †dwms e‡j| 7) e¨vK: †`Iqv‡ji †h cvk wfZ‡ii w`‡K _v‡K _v‡K e¨vK e‡j| 8) e¨vwKs: †`Iqv‡ji e¨vK G ‡h mKj DcKiY e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K e¨vwKs e‡j| 9) nvwU©s : ‡`Iqv‡ji †dwms Ges e¨vwKs Gi ga¨eZ©x AÂj‡K nvwU©s e‡j| 10) wcøš
 : e„wó ev AvenvIqvi cÖfve †_‡K gy³ ivLvi Rb¨ fzc„ô †_‡K evwoi †g‡S wKQzUv DPz‡Z wbg©vY Kiv nq| GB D‪PZv‡K wcøš
 e‡j| 11) wmj : Rvbvjvi wb¤œ¯
 †`Iqvj‡K e„wói cvwb †_‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ Rvbvjvi Lvov †g¤^v‡ii wb‡P BU, cv_o, KswµU A_ev KvV Øviv wbwg©Z AvbyfzwgK †g¤^vi‡K wmj e‡j| wmj‡K †`Iqv‡ji evwn‡i GKUz evwo‡q †`Iqv nq| 12) R¨v¤^m : `iRv Rvbvjvi Rb¨ wbwg©Z dvuKv RvqMvi Lvov cvk¦©Øq‡K R¨v¤^m e‡j| 13) wiwfjm : `iRv Rvbvjvi †P․KvV jvMv‡bvi c‡i †`Iqv‡ji Db¥y³ cv‡k †h Lvov c„ô‡`k Aewkô _v‡K Zv‡K wiwfjm e‡j| 14) wj‡›Uj : ‡Kvb dvuKv RvqMvi Dc‡ii wbwg©Z As‡ki †jvW‡K `yB cv‡ki mv‡cv‡U© ¯
vbvšÍi Kivi Rb¨ BU, cv_o, KvV ev Avi.wm.wm Øviv wbwg©Z AvbyfzwgK †g¤^vi‡K wj‡›Uj e‡j| 15) AvP© : ‡`Iqv‡ji †duvK‡ii Dc‡iv¯
 †jvW‡K `yB cv‡ki mv‡cv‡U© Qwo‡q †`Iqvi Rb¨ I‡qR AvK…wZi BU ev cv_o Øviv myk„sLjfv‡e wbwg©Z abyKvK…wZi Mv_ybx‡K AvP© ev wLjvb e‡j|

16) Kvwb©m : Qv` XvjvB‡qi mgq Qv`‡K A‡bK mgq †`Iqv‡ji evwn‡ii w`‡K ewa©Z K‡i ivLv nq| G‡K Kvwb©m e‡j| 17) wd«R : Kvwb©‡mi wb‡P GK †Kvm© cv_‡oi Mv_ybx‡K wd«R e‡j| 18) e¨vwKs †Kvm© : Kvwb©‡mi Dc‡ii GK †Kvm© cv_‡oi Mv_ybx‡K e¨vwKs †Kvm© e‡j| 19) c¨viv‡cU : Qv‡`i Dc‡ii Pvwicv‡k mí D‪PZvi †h †`Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K c¨viv‡cU e‡j| Qv` e¨enviKvix‡`i wbivcËvi Rb¨ G †`Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv nq| 20) †Kvwcs : e„wói cvwb ev Av`ªZvi AbycÖ‡ek eÜ Kivi Rb¨ ewn¯
 †`Iqv‡ji DcwicÖv‡šÍ we‡klfv‡e wbwg©Z †kl †Kvm© Mv_ybx‡K †Kvwcs e‡j| 21) I‡q`vwis : cv_‡oi Xvjy DcwiZj‡K I‡q`vwis e‡j| 22) †Mej : Xvjy Qv‡`i cÖv‡šÍ wbwg©Z wÎfzRvKvi g¨vmbwi‡K †Mej e‡j| 23) Uzw_s : g¨vmbwii KvR fwel¨‡Z e„w×i Rb¨ †`Iqv‡ji Aëvi‡bU †Kv‡m© BU‡K evwn‡ii w`‡K ewa©Z ivLv nq| G‡K Uzw_s e‡j| 24) K‡e©j : ‡`Iqvj †_‡K †ei n‡q _vKv BU ev cv_‡oi GK ev GKvwaK †Kvm©‡K K‡e©j e‡j| 25) nvwbK¤^ : Av‡jv evZvm cÖ‡e‡ki Rb¨ †`Iqv‡ji Mv‡q wbw`©ó gv‡c cvkvcvwk A‡bK wQ`ª ivLv nq| G‡K nvwbK¤^ e‡j| 26) K¨vwfwU Iqvj ev dvucv †`Iqvj : cvkvcvwk `ywU †`Iqv‡ji gv‡S 5 †mwg †_‡K 8 ‡mwg dvuKv †i‡L †h †`Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K K¨vwfwU Iqvj e‡j| `ywU mgvšÍivj †`Iqvi Ges Gi gv‡S AwewQbœ K¨vwfwUi mgš^‡q K¨vwfwU Iqvj MwVZ| 27) Iqvj UvB : wbw`©ó AvKv‡ii †h iW Øviv K¨vwfwU Iqv‡ji `yB †`Iqvj‡K mshy³ Kiv nq Zv‡K Iqvj UvB e‡j| Iqvj UvB ¸‡jv h‡_ô kw³kvjx, Aÿq Ges Ggb AvK…wZi nIqv DwPr †hb Gi Øviv cvwb evB‡ii †`Iqvj n‡Z †fZ‡ii †`Iqv‡j cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z bv cv‡i| 28) K¨vwfwU Iqvj wbg©v‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv : 1) Av`ªZv cÖwZ‡iva 2) Zvc wb‡ivaK 3) kã wb‡ivaK

4) †jvbv aiv cÖwZ‡iva

5) Avw_©K mvkÖq

29) K¨vwfwU Iqv‡ji myweav mgyn : 1) Gi Rb¨ KvVv‡gvi IRb n«vm cvq| d‡j wfwËi Ici †jv‡Wi ZxeªZv K‡g hvq 2) Iqvj UvB Qvov evwn‡ii I †fZ‡ii †`qv‡ji gv‡S †Kvb ms‡hvM †bB e‡j Av`ªZv evwn‡ii †`Iqvi n‡Z wfZ‡ii †`qv‡j Avm‡Z cv‡ibv| 3) `yB †`Iqv‡ji gv‡S evZv‡mi Dcw¯
wZ bv nevi Kvi‡Y Zvc I kã mÂvjb nqbv| 4) GB †`Iqvj Avw_©Kfv‡e mvkÖqx|

30) K¨vwfwU Iqv‡ji mxgve×Zv mgyn : 1) GB Iqv‡ji wbg©vY e¨vq ZzjbvgyjK fv‡e †ewk 2) Iqvj UvB gwiPv c‡i bó n‡Z cv‡i 3) `ÿ kÖwg‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb nq 4) `iRv Rvmvjvi Ic‡ii dvuKv As‡k we‡kl e¨e¯
vq wWwcwm w`‡Z nq d‡j wbg©vY e¨q †e‡o hvq 5) Kg cyiæ‡Z¡i †`Iqv‡ji ‡ÿ‡Î GB †`Iqvj †`Iqv m¤¢e bq| 31) cvwU©kb Iqvj : ‡Kvb Kÿ ev K‡ÿi †Kvb Ask‡K wef³ Kivi Rb¨ †h cvZjv Af¨šÍixY †`Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K cvwU©kb Iqvj e‡j| mvaviYZ G †`Iqvj ¸‡jv bb †jvW weqvwis n‡q _v‡K| 32) cvwU©kb Iqv‡ji •ewkó¨ mg~n : 1) GB Iqvj hZ`yi m¤¢e IR‡b nvjKv n‡e 2) hZ`yi m¤¢e cvZjv n‡e 3) kã cÖwZ‡ivax wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e 4) AwMœ‡ivax n‡e 5) GUv wb‡Ri IRb wb‡RB enb Ki‡Z cv‡‡e 6) `vjv‡b msMwVZ †h †Kvb AvNvZ GUv wb‡Z cvi‡e 7) ‡m․›`h©¨ e„w×Kvix c„ô‡`k‡K mv‡cvU© cÖ`vb Kivi gZ kw³kvjx n‡e 8) Iqvj wd·vi, Iqvk †ewmb, cvBc ms¯
vcb BZ¨vw`i Rb¨ mv‡cvU© cÖ`v‡b h‡_ó kw³kvjx n‡e 9) GUv K‡ÿi †MvcbxqZv iÿv Ki‡e 10) GUvi wbg©vY LiP Kg n‡e 11) GUv †`L‡Z my›`i n‡e 33) cvwU©kb Iqvj Gi cÖKvi‡f` : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)

weªK cvwU©kb Iqvj KswµU cvwU©kb Iqvj n‡jv- ‡K¬ cvwU©kb Iqvj Møvm cvwU©kb Iqvj ‡gUvj jv_ cvwU©kb Iqvj wR. AvB ev Gwm wkU cvwU©kb Iqvj cøv÷vi ¯ø¨ve cvwU©kb Iqvj wU¤^vi cvwU©kb Iqvj

34) ¯‥vB jvBU I d¨vb jvBU : Xvjy Qv` w`‡q Av‡jv cÖ‡e‡ki Rb¨ Xvjy Qv` †_‡K Dc‡ii w`‡K DPz‡Z †P․Pvjv N‡ii gZ Ges Xvjy Qv‡`i mgvšÍiv‡j ¯‥vB jvBU e¨envi Kiv nq| Avi K‡ÿi †fZ‡ii Mig evZvm †ei K‡i †`evi Rb¨ mgZj Qv‡`i Zj‡`k eivei †h †QvU ‡dvKi wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K †fw›U‡jUi ev d¨vb jvBU e‡j| 35) wWªc †gvwìs : e„wói cvwb hv‡Z †`Iqv‡ji w`‡K AMÖmi bv n‡q wb‡P gvwU‡Z c‡i †mRb¨ Kvwb©m ev mvb‡k‡Wi Dcwifv‡M Aí Xvjy K‡i Gi cÖvšÍ‡K wb‡Pi w`‡K mvgvb¨ ewa©Z Kiv nq| G ewa©Z Ask‡K wWªc †gvwìs e‡j| 36) †eW eK : Avi.wm.wm Qv‡`i †ÿ‡Î K‡ÿi cÖ‡¯
i w`‡K `ywU †`Iqv‡ji B‡Ui Mv_ybxi Dci 3 wgUvi cici ‡`Iqv‡ji cÖ‡¯
i gv‡ci 45 †mwg KswµU Rwg‡q Gi Dci exg‡K mivmwi ¯
vcb Kiv nq| Kswµ‡Ui G LÛ‡K †eW iK e‡j|

wewìs mvwf©‡mm 1) wewìs mvwf©m : cwiKíbv †_‡K Avi¤¢ K‡i `vjv‡bi †m‡bUvix, cqtwb¯‥vkb e¨e¯
v, •e`¨ywZK Iq¨vwis e¨e¯
v, M¨vm jvBb mieivn e¨e¯
v ms¯
vcb I iÿbv‡eÿY KvR myô I mwVKfv‡e m¤úvw`Z Kiv‡K wewìs mvwf©m e‡j| wewìs mvwf©m Gi cÖKvi‡f`¸‡jv nj : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

cvwb mieivn e¨e¯
v m¨vwbUvwi wdwUsm ms¯
vcb we`¨yZ mieivn e¨e¯
v cqtwb®‥vkb e¨e¯
v M¨vm mieivn e¨e¯
v kxZvZvc wbqš¿b

2) ‡fw›U‡jkb : Ave× ¯
v‡b evwni n‡Z gy³ evqy cÖ‡ek I †fZ‡ii evqy‡K evwni Kiv‡bvi e¨e¯
v‡K †fw›U‡jkb e‡j| Ab¨ K_vq `vjv‡bi ga¨ n‡Z me `ywlZ evqy evwni K‡i gy³ evqy cÖ‡e‡ki e¨e¯
v‡K †fw›U‡jkb e‡j| 3) ‡fw›U‡jk‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv¸‡jv nj : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

evqy PjvPj m„wó Kiv Kve©b-WvB-A·vBW Gi Ah_v cywÄfzZ nIqv ‡iv` Kiv cywÄfzZ gqjv I e¨vK‡Uwiqv enbKvix evqy AcmviY Kiv evZv‡m Aw·‡R‡bi NvUwZ cyiY Kiv emevmKvix‡`i Øviv m„ó MÜ I †avqv I kvixwiK Zvc AcmviY Kiv evZv‡mi NwYfe‡bi Kvi‡Y †`Iqv‡j m„ó Av`ªZv †iva Kiv

4) kxZvZvc wbqš¿‡bi bxwZmg~n : K) ZvcgvÎv wbqš¿b : ZvcgvÎvi †h mxgvq AwaK msL¨K †jvK AvivgØvqK Abyfe K‡i Zv‡K ZvcgvÎvi AvivgØvqK †Rvb e‡j| Av‡cwÿK ZvcgvÎvi †Rvb MÖx®§ I kx‡Z h_vµ‡g 20C  23C I 18C  22C | ZvB AwaK msL¨K †jv‡Ki cQ›` Abyhvqx ZvcgvÎv 21C  22C ivLv nq| L) Av`ªZv wbqš¿b : MÖx®§Kv‡j Av`ªZv 40% †_‡K 50% n‡q _v‡K Ges kxZKv‡j Av`ªZv 50% †_‡K 60% n‡q _v‡K| ZvB Mo Av‡cwÿK Av`ªZv 40% †_‡K 60% G ivLv nq| M) evZv‡mi †eM :

evZv‡mi ‡eM cÖwZ wgwb‡U 6 - 9 wgUvi Gi g‡a ivLv nq|

N) evZv‡mi ¸Yv¸Y : evZvm `yM©Ü, wel mshy³ M¨vm, e¨K‡Uwiqv Ges Ab¨vb¨ Ac`ªe¨ gy³ nIqv DwPr 5) ‣e`y¨wZK wdwUsm : †h mKj miÄv‡gi gva¨‡g ‣e`¨ywZK evwZ, cvLv BZ¨vw` ms‡hvM †`Iqv nq Zv‡K •e`y¨wZK wdwUsm e‡j| †hgb : wmwjs †ivR, †nvìvi, †i¸‡jUi, †gBbmyBP, m‡KU I cøvM, wdDR, †kW BZ¨vw`| 6) •e`~¨wZK wdKPvi : ‣e`y¨wZK wdwUsm Ges jvBb‡K ‡`qv‡j ¯
vcb Kivi Rb¨ †h miÄvg e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K •e`~¨wZK wdKPvi e‡j| †hgb : wjsK wK¬c, ¯…z, Kv‡b±i, wK¬c I m¨vWj, ÷vUv©i, †PvK K‡qj, K¨vcvwmUi

7) kxZvZvc wbqš¿b : kxZvZvc wbqš¿b nj Ggb GKwU c×wZ hvi gva¨‡g ch©vqµwgKfv‡e evZv‡mi ZvcgvÎv, Av`ªZv, weï×Zv I weZiY wbqš¿b Kiv nq Ges cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx mieivn Kiv nq| d‡j iy‡gi g‡a¨ Avivg`vqK cwi‡ek eRvq _v‡K| 8) PjšÍ wmwo : ‡gvUPvwjZ †h †njv‡bv avivevwnK wmwo c‡_ ‡jvKRb DVvbvgv K‡i Zv‡K PjšÍ wmwo (Escalator) e‡j| GUv avivevwnKfv‡e †Kvb PvjK e¨ZxZ ¯^swµqfv‡e Pj‡Z _v‡K| G wmwo c‡_ e¨enviKvix‡`i nvUvi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| PjšÍ wmwo c‡_ `vwo‡q _vK‡j wmwo hLb MšÍe¨ ¯
‡j †c․‡Q hvq ZLb wmwo ‡_‡K bvg‡Z nq| Ge Ask¸‡jv nj : 1) ÷xj Uªv‡mi †d«g 2) n¨vÛ †iBj 3) †÷c mshy³ ‡eë 4) ‡gvUiPvwjZ ûBj 5) †ivjvi †PBb 6) WªvBwfs †gwkb 9) wjdU I PjšÍ wmwoi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : wjdU eûZj wewkó `vjv‡b Lvovfv‡e `ªæZ wewfbœ Zjvq hvZvqv‡Zi Rb¨ we`y¨Z PvwjZ LvuPvhy³ Ni‡K wjdU e‡j GKwU wjd‡Ui mvnv‡h¨ GKvwaK Zjvq hvZvqvZ Kiv hvq wjdU Pvjv‡Z Acv‡iU‡ii cÖ‡qvRb nq mxwgZ msL¨K †jvK DVvbvgv Ki‡Z cv‡i

PjšÍ wmwo ‡gvUPvwjZ †h †njv‡bv avivevwnK wmwo c‡_ ‡jvKRb DVvbvgv K‡i Zv‡K PjšÍ wmwo (Escalator) e‡j| GK‡Rvov PjšÍ wmwoi mvnv‡h¨ cieZ©x Zjvq hvZvqvZ Kiv hvq Acv‡iU‡ii cÖ‡qvRb nqbv eûmsL¨K †jvK DVvbvgv Ki‡Z cv‡i

10) ‡jvnv gRy`KiY c×wZ eY©bv Ki 1) †jvnv‡K mivmwi gvwU‡Z ivLv hv‡ebv| 2) †Lvjv RvqMvq ‡jvnv ivLv hv‡ebv| 3) Av`ª©Zv ev m¨uvZ‡mu¨‡Z K‡ÿ †jvnv ivLv hv‡ebv| 4) wewfbœ †MÖ‡Wi †jvnv e¨envi অbymv‡i mvwR‡q ivL‡Z n‡e| 11) ‡j-AvDU : Bgvi‡Zi wfwËi Kv` KvUvi Rb¨ Aw¼Z cø¨vb‡K fzwg‡Z ¯
vcb Kivi KvR‡K †j-AvDU e‡j| A_©vr Bgvi‡Zi bKkv Abymv‡i wfwËi Rb¨ gvwU KvUvi cÖ‡qvR‡b fzwg‡Z cÖwZwU †`qvj ev wcjv‡ii †K›`ª †iLv eivei cÖ¯
vweZ Bgvi‡Zi Pvwiw`‡K k³ LywU cI‡Z myZjxi mvnv‡h¨ wfwËi cÖ¯Í Abymv‡i Py‡bi `vM †`qv ev †Kv`vj w`‡q `vM ‡K‡U †iLv wPwýZ Kivi cÖK…qv‡K †j-AvDU e‡j| 12) †j-AvDU Kivi mZK©Zv : 1) gvc †bevi mgq w÷j †Uc e¨envi Kiv DwPr| 2) e„nr Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †idv‡iÝ wcjvi¸‡jv Mv_ybx K‡i †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| 3) †j-AvDU †hb †KvYvKzwY ev AvuKvevuKv bv nq| 4) cø¨v‡bi mv‡_ †j-AvD‡Ui †Kvb cv_©K¨ _vK‡e bv| 5) †j-AvDU Kivi ciciB B mmvß KvR¸‡jv cixÿv K‡i †`‡L wb‡Z n‡e| 13) wWwcwm wK : wWwcwm Gi cyY© A_© nj W¨v¤ú cÖæd †Kvm© ev Av`ª©Zv‡ivaK ¯Íi| †ewkifvM ‡ÿ‡Î B‡Ui †`qv‡j GUv Kiv nq| wcøš
, Rvbvjvi wmj, †g‡S †j‡f‡ji Dci 2 †_‡K 4 †mwg cyiæ GKwU wm‡g‡›Ui Av¯Íi †`Iqv nq| G‡KB wWwcwm e‡j|

14) wWwcwm †`evi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv : 1) †`qv‡j Rjxq ev‡¯úi cÖ‡ek evav †`evi Rb¨| 2) KvVv‡gv‡‡Z k¨vIjv cov e‡Üi Rb¨| 3) KvVv‡‡gv‡K Av`ª©Zv‡ivax Kiv Ges Gi ¯
vqxZ¡Zv e„w× Kiv| 4) wbg©vY Kv‡Ri †m․›`h© e„w× Kiv| 15) RjQv` : Kswµ‡U •Zwi Qv‡`i Dci e„wói cvwb ci‡j G cvwb R‡g Qv` PzB‡q iæg Gi •eZi m¨vm‡m‡Z cwi‡e‡ki m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov Qv‡`i †fZ‡ii i‡W gwiPv c‡i iW bó n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| G mKj mgm¨v Gov‡Z Kswµ‡Ui Qv‡`i Dci ‡Lvqv, Pzb I myiKx Øviv gmjv •Zwi K‡i AšÍZ 8 †mwg cyiæZ¡ wewkó GKwU †jqvi •Zwi K‡i †`Iqv nq| G‡K RjQv` ev †Uivwms e‡j| GUv my‡h©i Zvc‡K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i, Ni‡K VvÛv ivL‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| 16) emZevwoi Ask mgyn : 1) WªBs iæg 5) †M÷ iæg 9) c¨vw›Uª 13) M¨v‡iR

2) WvBwbs iæg 6) ivbœvNi 10) ‡Wªwms iæg 14) mv‡f©›U iæg

3) †eW iæg 7) †÷vi iæg 11) eviv›`v 15) cP©

4) Awdm iæg 8) ev_ Ges j¨vw›Uªb 12) wmwoNi 16) †cÖqvi iæg

17) †jvW weqvwis Iqvj : G ai‡bi eûZj fe‡bi †jvW ev fi mivmwi †`qv‡ji Dci Ac©b Kiv nq| †`v‡ji Rb¨ Gi •`N©¨ eivei avivevwnK dzwUs •Zwi Kiv nq| 18) `vjv‡bi i¨v¤ú cÖ`v‡bi D‡Ïk¨ : avc bv w`‡q ‡Kej Xvjy ¯ø¨ve-Gi gva¨‡g i¨v¤ú cÖ`vb Kiv nq| Gi d‡j M¨v‡i‡R Mvwo DVvbvgv Kiv ev nvmcvZv‡j †ivMxi Mvwo PjvPj Kivi †ÿ‡Î i¨v¤ú cÖ`vb Kiv nq| ZvQvov fvix gvjvgvj I hš¿cvZx DVvbvgv Kiv‡bv mnR nq| 19) wjd&U †Kvi : eûZj fe‡b wjdU DVvbvgv Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ †h Kÿ ev †cvKi e¨envi Kiv nq Zw‡K wjdU †Kvi e‡j|

`vjv‡bi ‡KvW Ges Dcwewa 1) `vjv‡bi Dcwewa : wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb, UvDb cø¨vwbs KZ©„c¶, †c․imfv Zv‡`I AvIZvaxb kni m¤cÖmviY I M„n wbg©vY cwiKíbv Ges wewfbœ ai‡Yi BgviZ wbg©vYK‡í †h mKj wbqgbAwZ AbymiY K‡i _v‡K Zv‡K `vjv‡bi Dcwewa e‡j| `vjv‡bi Dcwewa ¸‡jv nj : 1) m¤§yL¯
 `vjv‡bi †iLv 2) `vjv‡bi wbwg©Ze¨ GjvKv 3) `vjvb Gi Pvwicv‡k¦©i duvKv RvqMv Ges D‪PZv 4) GcvU©‡g›U Ges K‡¶i AvKvi, D‪PZv Ges evqy PjvPj 5) cvwb mieivn Ges m¨vwbUvix e¨e¯
v 6) KvVv‡gvMZ wWRvBb ev cÖ¯
‡‪Q` 2) F.A.R Gi A_© : wbwg©Ze¨ ev Ave„Z †¶Îdj = cø‡Ui †¶Îdj - duvKv As‡ki †¶Îdj ‡g‡S †¶Îd‡ji AbycvZ (Floor Area Ratio ms‡¶‡c F.A.R) 3) ‡mU e¨vK iæj : `vjv‡bi m¤§yL¯Í †iLvB `vjvb †iLv wb‡`©k K‡i| iv¯Ív msjMœ `vjv‡bi wc­š
 ch©šÍ `yiZ¡, hv iv¯Ív m¤cÖmvib Kv‡R fwel¨‡Z e¨envi Kiv nq| G †iLv set back wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| c­‡Ui mxgvbvi mgvšÍiv‡j G †iLv Uvbv nq Ges hv KZ©„c¶ KZ©„K mywbw`©ó Kiv nq| cÖ¯ÍvweZ `vjv‡bi mvB‡Ui Dci wbf©i K‡i AvevwmK c­‡Ui †h †iLv Uvbv nq ZvB †mU e¨vK i
j wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| 4) ‡c․imfvi wewìs cø¨vwbs Gi bxwZmg~n : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

12 wgUv‡ii Kg PIov iv¯Ívi †K›`ª n‡Z `vjv‡bi `yiZ¡ 6 wgUvi n‡e wkí GjvKv‡Z iv¯Ívi wKbviv n‡Z 3 wgUvi Lvwj †i‡L evwo •Zwi Ki‡e n‡e nvBI‡qi cv‡k 4.5 wgUvi Gi g‡a¨ evwo •Zwi Kiv hv‡e bv cø‡Ui `yB-Z…Zxqvsk As‡ki †ewk RvqMv Ry‡o `vjvb wbg©vY Kiv hv‡e bv M¨v‡iR ev H RvZxq KvVv‡gv gy³ ¯
vb n‡Z 2.5 wgUvi ch©šÍ D‪PZvq •Zwi Kiv hv‡e| cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i Amyweav bv n‡j M¨v‡i‡Ri Ici mvwf©m iæg •Zwi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i

5) wewìs Iwi‡q‡›Uk‡bi Dci cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix welqmg~n : 1) †m․ikw³ jvf

2) evZvm cÖev‡ni w`K

3) e„wócvZ

4) mvB‡Ui Ae¯
v

6) eM©vKvi cø¨v‡bi myweavmg~n : 1) 2) 3) 4)

K‡¶i Af¨šÍi kxZKv‡j Mig I MigKv‡j kxZj _v‡K eM©vKvi Qv` I Ab¨vb¨ Ask †`L‡Z my›`i I wbg©vY mnR Af¨šÍixY Kwi‡Wvi cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g wewfbœ K‡¶I †MvcbxqZv A¶zbœ ivLv hvq eM©vKvi `vjv‡bi cwimxgv AvqZvKvi `vjv‡bi Zzjbvq Kg nIqvq †`Iqv‡ji •`N©¨ 15 % †_‡K 25% Kg nq| d‡j wbg©vY LiP Kg c‡i|

7) eM©vKvi cø¨v‡bi Amyweavmg~n : 1) ga¨eZ©x K‡¶ w`‡bi Av‡jv cÖ‡ek K‡ibv weavq w`‡bi †ejv‡ZI ‣e`¨ywZK evwZ R¡vjv‡Z nq 2) µm †fw›U‡jk‡bi Amyweav nq 3) M„n m¾vi AvmevecÎ †ewk `iKvi c‡i weavq LiP †ewk jv‡M

8) AvqZvKvi cø¨v‡bi myweavmg~n : 1) N‡ii cÖ¯
 Kg nIqvq †ewkifvM †¶‡Î `ycvk †Lvjv _v‡K ZvB µm †fw›U‡jk‡bi myweav nq 2) M„n m¾vq AvqZvKvi K¶ myweavRbK| wRwbm Kg jv‡M weavq LiP Kg nq 3) K‡¶i Af¨šÍi DËß Kg nq 4) G cø¨v‡b Av‡jvi cÖ‡ek evavgy³ _v‡K 9) AvqZvKvi cø¨v‡bi Amyweavmg~n : 1) K‡¶i Af¨šÍi AwaK Db¥y³ _vKvi Kvi‡Y kxZKv‡j kxZj I MigKv‡j Mig _v‡K 2) GB cø¨v‡b fe‡bi Af¨šÍ‡i †iv‡`ªi Zvc I e„wói SvcUv †ewk jv‡M 3) AvqZvKvi `vjv‡bi cwimxgv eM©vKvi `vjv‡bi Zzjbvq †ewk nIqvq †`Iqv‡ji •`N©¨ 15% †_‡K 25% ‡ewk nq| d‡j wbg©vY LiP ‡e‡o hvq 10) Iwi‡q‡›Ukb : Iwi‡q‡›Ukb nj †Kvb wbw`©ó w`‡K wewìs Gi m¤§yL †`wL‡q cø¨vb ¯
vcb Kv‡K eySvq| hv‡Z emevmKvixiv me©vwaK cÖvK…wZK `vb D‡cv‡fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| 11) †j-AvDU cø¨vb : ‡h Rwg‡Z `vjvb wbg©vY Kiv n‡e Zvi AvKvi I gvc, Pvwiw`‡Ki mxgvbvi 15 wgUv‡ii g‡a¨ Aew¯
Z `vjvb, Rwg I iv¯Ívi Ae¯
vb Ges RwgwUi Dci `vjvb •Zwi n‡jZvi Pvicv‡k wK cwigvY Rwg †d‡j ivLv jvM‡e, DËi w`‡Ki wb‡`©kK †iLv, evqy cÖev‡ni ¯^vfvweK MwZ wb‡`©kK BZ¨vw` †`wL‡q †h cø¨vb A¼b Kiv nq Zv‡K mvBU cø¨vb ev †j-AvDU cø¨vb e‡j| 12) cø¨vwbs Gi `„wó‡Z `vjv‡bi †kÖYxwefvM : 1) AvevwmK `vjvb (Residential Building) 2) e¨emvwqK `vjvb (Commertial Building) 3) wkÿv msµvšÍ `vjvb (Educational Building) 4) cÖvwZôvwbZ `vjvb (Institutional Building) 5) wkí c‡Y¨vrcv`x `vjvb (Industrial Building) 6) ¸`vgRvZ `vjvb (Storage Building) 7) cwil` `vjvb (Assembly Building) 8) wec¾bK `vjvb (Hazard Building) 13) h_vh_ KZ…c‡ÿi wbKU ‡_‡K eûZj fe‡bi Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ wbqgvejx : ivRDK/wgDwbwmc¨vj Gi wbqg Abyhvqx cø¨vb cv‡ki Rb¨ bKkv‡Z †h mKj Z_¨vw` D‡jøL _vK‡Z n‡e Zv nj : 1) cø¨vb cv‡ki Rb¨ WªBs kx‡Ui mvBR n‡e, 20"  30" ev 500 mm  750mm | Giæc cø¨vb †K ivRDK cø¨vb kxU ev wW AvB wU kxU e‡j| †Uªwms KvM‡R wcÖ›U K‡i cø¨vb cv‡ki Rb¨ h_vh_ KZ…c‡ÿi wbKU wd Rgv w`‡Z nq| 2) cø¨vb Gi ‡¯‥j †mKkb Ges Gwj‡fk‡bi Rb¨ 1"  8' n‡Z n‡e| 3) mvBU cø¨vb Gi Rb¨ †¯‥j n‡e 1"  330' 4) cÖ¯ÍweZ cøU‡K jvj Kvwj Øviv wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| 5) ‡j-AvDU cø¨v‡b `vjv‡bi Pvicv‡k ch©vß dvKv RvqMvi cwigvY †`Lv‡Z n‡e| 6) kx‡U bKkvi ‡¯‥j, †g․Rv, cøU b¤^i Ges Rwgi gvwj‡Ki bvg ¯úó fv‡e wjL‡Z n‡e| 7) cø¨vb cv‡ki wmwWDj dig h_vh_f‡e cyiY Ki‡` n‡e| 8) wb‡Pi Z_¨vw` mgyn WªBs kxU G D‡jøL Ki‡Z n‡e : 1) mvBU cø¨vb 2) †j-AvDU cø¨vb 3) MÖvDÛ †d¬vi cø¨vb 4) wUwcK¨vj ‡d¬vi cø¨vb 5) m¤§yL Gwj‡fkb 6) †mKkbvj Gwj‡fkb 7) wcøš
 Gwiqv 8) Kjvg I †`Iqv‡ji dvD‡Ûkb

`vjv‡bi Bbmy¨‡jkb 1) _vg©vj Bbmy¨‡jkb : K‡ÿi ga¨ w`‡q Zvc mÂvjb gš
i ev cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ ‡h e¨e¯
v †bIqv nq Zv‡KB _vg©vj Bbmy¨‡jkb e‡j| 2) _vg©vj KÛv±¨vÝ : KvVv‡gvi cÖwZ GKK ‡ÿÎd‡j Zvc mÂvjb I ZvcgvÎvi cv_©K¨ Gi fvMdj‡K _vg©vj KÛv±¨vÝ e‡j| 3) b‡qR : ARvwPZ I AbvKvw‫‫‬LZ kã‡K b‡qR e‡j| hLb †Kvb kã Zi½ Ach©vqe„Ë, AwbqwgZ Ges Lye mí mgq a‡i P‡j ZLb Zv‡K b‡qR e‡j| b‡q‡Ri Kvi‡Y gvbwmK AkvwšÍ, D`vwmbZv I gvbwmK weK…wZ N‡U| 4) _vg©vj Bbmy¨‡jwUs g¨v‡Uwiqvjm ¸‡jvi bvg : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)

¯ø¨ve ev eøK Bbmy¨‡jkb eøvs‡KU Bbmy¨‡jkb jyR wdj Bbmy¨‡jkb e¨vU Bbmy¨‡jkb Bbmy¨‡jwUs †evW© wi‡d¬w±f kxU g¨v‡Uwiqvjm jvBU I‡qU g¨v‡Uwiqvjm

AvP© I wj‡›Uj 1) AvP© : ‡`Iqv‡ji †duvK‡ii Dc‡iv¯
 †jvW‡K `yB cv‡ki mv‡cv‡U© Qwo‡q †`Iqvi Rb¨ I‡qR AvK…wZi BU ev cv_o Øviv myk„sLjfv‡e wbwg©Z abyKvK…wZi Mv_ybx‡K AvP© ev wLjvb e‡j| wb¤œwjwLZ Ae¯
v‡Z AvP© wbg©vY Kiv nq :1) †hLv‡b †jvW †ewk c‡i 2) ¯ú¨vb †ewk 3) kw³kvjx G‡evU‡g›U cvIqvi Rb¨ 4) KvVv‡gv‡Z we‡kl †m․›`h© cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ 5) wbR¯^ IRbmn Gi Dci AvcwZZ †jvW‡K `ycv‡ki mv‡cv‡U© ¯
vbvšÍwiZ Kivi Rb¨ 6) I‡cwbs Gi cvk¦©¯
 Ges Ici¯
 †`Iqvj‡K GK‡Î mshy³ K‡i kw³ e„w× Kivi Rb¨ 2) Av‡P©i †ÿ‡Î KvwiMix kãmg~n : f‡m․i : ‡h I‡qR AvK„wZi eøK¸‡jv mvwR‡q AvP© wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K f‡m․i e‡j| Kx-‡÷vb : Av‡P©i wVK gvSLv‡b m‡e©v‪P we›`y‡Z †h e„nr I†qR AvK…wZi eøK ¯
vcb Kiv nq Zv‡K Kx-‡÷vb e‡j| w¯‥D e¨vK : GUv nj GevU‡g‡›Ui Dc‡iv¯
 †kl Mvu_ybx †hLvb †_‡K Av‡P©i cÖ_g f‡m․i ¯
vcb Kiv nq| B›Uªv‡WvR : Av‡P©i wfZ‡ii evuK‡K B›Uªv‡WvR e‡j| G·Uªv‡WvR : Av‡P©i evwn‡ii evuK‡K G·Uªv‡WvR e‡j| mwdU : Av‡P©i wfZ‡ii c„ô‡K mwdU e‡j| e¨vK : Av‡P©i evwn‡ii c„ô‡K e¨vK e‡j| µvDb : Av‡P©i G·Uªv‡Wv‡Ri m‡e©v‪P we›`y‡K e‡j| ¯ú¨vwÛªj : `y Av‡P©i evwn‡ii w`‡Ki gv‡Si Mv_ybx‡K ¯ú¨vwÛªj e‡j| w¯úªsMvi : Av‡P©i w¯‥D e¨vK Gi cvk©¦eZ©x cÖ_g f‡m․i‡K w¯úªsMvi e‡j| AvP© wis : AvP© •Zwi Kivi Rb¨ †h ‡MvjvKvi ev abyKvK…wZi wis e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K AvP© wis e‡j| GevU‡g›U : Av‡P©i `y cÖv‡šÍ †h †`Iqv‡ji Ici Av‡P©i Bc‡iv¯
 Mv_ybxi IRb c‡i Zv‡K GevU‡g›U e‡j| cvqvi : cici `ywU Av‡P©i gv‡Si †`Iqvj ev ¯Í¤¢‡K cvqvi e‡j| ¯ú¨vb : Av‡P©i `yw`‡Ki mv‡cv‡U©i ga¨eZ©x dvuKv AvbyfzwgK `yiZ¡‡K ¯ú¨vb e‡j| 3) AvP© e¨v_© nevi KviY mg~n : 1) Av‡P©i wbg©vY mvgMÖx µvwks ev wePzY© nIqvi d‡j 2) I‡qR AvKv‡ii eøK ev f‡m․i wcQwj‡q hvevi Kvi‡Y 3) ‡h †Kvb cÖv‡šÍi mv‡c‡ÿ, †Kvb R‡q‡›Ui NyY©b n‡j ev R‡q›U Dwë‡q †M‡j 4) mv‡cvU© Gi Amg emb n‡j

4) Av‡P©i wbg©vY mvgMÖxi µvwks `yixKi‡Yi Dcvq : 1) ¯ú¨vb •`N©¨ 1.5 m ch©šÍ n‡j cyiæZ¡ 20 cm n‡e 2) ¯ú¨vb •`N©¨ 1.5  4 m ch©šÍ n‡j cyiæZ¡ 30 cm n‡e 3) ¯ú¨vb •`N©¨ 4 6.5 m ch©šÍ n‡j cyiæZ¡ 40 cm n‡e 5) wj‡›Uj : ‡Kvb dvuKv RvqMvi Dc‡ii wbwg©Z As‡ki †jvW‡K `yB cv‡ki mv‡cv‡U© ¯
vbvšÍi Kivi Rb¨ BU, cv_o, KvV ev Avi.wm.wm Øviv wbwg©Z AvbyfzwgK †g¤^vi‡K wj‡›Uj e‡j| wj‡›U‡ji by¨bZg weqvwis n‡e, 1) 10 cm 2) wj‡›U‡ji D‪PZvi mgvb, A_ev 3) wj‡›U‡ji D‪PZvi

1 1 Ask †_‡K Ask 10 12

wj‡›U‡ji MfxiZv : mvaviY †jv‡Wi Rb¨ 1.20 m ¯ú¨vb ch©šÍ 15 cm MfxiZv n‡e| Zvici AwZwi³ cÖwZ 30 cm ¯ú¨v‡bi Rb¨ 25 mm nv‡i wj‡›U‡ji MfxiZv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| 6) wj‡›U‡ji D‡Ïk¨ ev KvR : 1) Dci¯
 KvVv‡gv ev ‡`Iqv‡ji fvi enb Kiv Rb¨ 2) I‡cwbs Gi cvk¦©¯
 Ges &Ici¯
 †`Iqvj‡K GK‡Î mshy³ K‡i kw³ e„w× Kivi Rb¨ 3) `iRv Rvbvjvi †d«g jvMv‡bvi myweavi Rb¨ 4) mvb‡kW A_ev I‡q`vi †kW jvMv‡bvi myweavi Rb¨ 7) wj‡›U‡ji Ici ‡h mKj †jvW KvR K‡i : 1) wj‡›U‡ji Dci Mvu_ywbi D‪PZv 2) wj‡›U‡ji cÖv‡šÍ mv‡cvwU©s †`Iqv‡ji •`N©¨ 3) ‡`Iqv‡ji Dci †h ‡Kvb iæwds ¯ø¨ve Gi ¯
vbvšÍwiZ †jvW 4) wj‡›U‡ji Dci I‡cwbs Gi Ae¯
vb 8) AvP© I wj‡›U‡ji gv‡S cv_©K¨ : AvP© ‡KejgvÎ BU A_ev cv_o Øviv wbg©vY Kiv nq I‡cwbs Gi Dci abyKvK…wZ‡Z •Zwi Kiv nq GUv m¯
v‡b wbg©vY Ki‡Z nq wbg©vY LiP †ewk `ÿ KvwiM‡ii cÖ‡qvRb nq GUv KvVv‡gvi †m․›`h© e„wÏ K‡i GUv wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ †nWiæg cÖ‡qvRb GUv wbg©vY Kiv Zzjbvg~jK KwVb wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U Gi cÖ‡qvRb nqbv GUv †Kej ms‡KvPb Pvc mn¨ K‡i

wj‡›Uj Aviwmwm, w÷j A_ev KvV Øviv wbg©vY Ki nq GUv AvbyfzwgK fv‡e •Zwi Kiv nq GUv m¯
v‡b ev c~‡e© wbwg©Z n‡Z cv‡i wbg©vY LiP Kg `ÿ KvwiMi bv n‡jI P‡j KvVv‡gvi †m․›`‡h©i e¨vcv‡i wbi‡cÿ cÖ‡qvRb †bB KwVb bq cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q ms‡KvPb I cÖmviY Deq Pvc mn¨ K‡i

‡g‡S 1) MÖvDÛ †d¬vi I Avcvi †d¬vi Gi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : MÖvDÛ †d¬vi gvwUi ¯úk¦©Z‡j mivmwi wbg©vY Kiv nq gvwUi ¯úk¦©Z‡j mivmwi Ae¯
vb Kivi Kvi‡Y kw³kvjx I `„pZv G †g‡Si †¶‡Î gyL¨ fywgKv cvjb K‡i| Av`©ªZv I Zvc cÖwZ‡iva ¸iƒZ¡c~Y© mgm¨v AwMœ cÖwZ‡iv‡a †Kvb mgm¨v m„wó K‡ibv

Avcvi †d¬vi gvwU mgZj †_‡K Dc‡i wbg©vY Kiv nq G †g‡S‡K ch©vß kw³kvjx I `„p n‡Z nq| KviY kyaygvÎ ‡g‡Si cÖvšÍ¸‡jv mv‡cv‡U© Ae¯
vb K‡i kã cÖwZ‡iva ¸iƒZ¡c~Y© welq G †g‡Si †¶‡Î AwMœ cÖwZ‡iva ¸iƒZ¡c~Y©

2) wm‡½j †d¬vi I Wvej †d¬vi Gi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : wm‡½j †d¬vi Kg cÖk¯Í K‡¶i Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx ‡Kej GK cÖKvi fvievnx †g¤^vi e¨envi Kiv nq ‡g‡Si fvievnx †g¤^vi evuKv n‡Z cv‡i gReyZ I `„p Kg wbg©vY †K․kj mnR ‡nWiæ‡gi †Kvb e¨vNvZ m„wó K‡ibv ‡`Iqv‡ji me©Î fvi mgfv‡e c‡i cøv÷vi Kiv m¤¢e nqbv kã cÖwZ‡ivaK b‡n

Wvej †d¬vi AwaK cÖk¯Í K‡¶i Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx fvi en‡bi Rb¨ `yB cÖKvi fvievnx †g¤^vi e¨envi Kiv nq evuKv nevi m¤¢vebv _v‡Kbv AwaK gReyZ I `„p wbg©vY †K․kj wKQyUv RwUj ‡nWiæg K‡g hvq ‡`Iqv‡ji wbw`©ó GjvKvq fvi c‡i ‡g‡S‡Z cøv÷vi Kiv m¤¢e kã cÖwZ‡ivaK

3) GKgyLx ¯ø¨ve I wØgyLx ¯ø¨ve Gi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : GKgyLx ¯ø¨ve GB ¯ø¨ve Gi •`N©¨ I cÖ‡¯
i AbycvZ 2 Gi ‡ewk G ¯ø¨ve Gi `yw`‡Ki mv‡cv‡U©i Dci Ae¯
vb K‡i Gi GKw`‡K cÖavb wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U e¨envi Kiv nq wWRvBb c×wZ mnR exg _v‡K weavq mgZj wmwjs cvIqv hvqbv K‡ÿi D‪PZv Kg cvIqv hvq Av‡ivi cÖwZdj‡b evavi m„wó K‡i `ÿ kÖwgK bv n‡jI P‡j

Øxgy_x ¯ø¨ve AbycvZ 2 Gi Kg G ¯ø¨ve Gi Pvicv‡k mv‡cvU© _v‡K Dfq w`‡K e¨envi Kiv nq RwUj exg _v‡Kbv weavq mgZj wmwjs cvIqv hvq ‡ewk cvIqv hvq K‡i bv `ÿ kÖwg‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb nq

4) d¬vU †cøU ¯ø¨ve : ¯ø¨v‡ei Ici AvcwZZ †jvW exg ev †`Iqv‡ji Ici ¯
vbvšÍi bv K‡i mivmwi Kjvg K¨vwcUv‡ji Ici ¯
&bvšÍwiZ K‡i †h ¯ø¨ve wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K d¬¨vU ¯ø¨ve e‡j| 5) d¬vU ¯ø¨ve : Kjv‡gi Ici ¯
vwcZ exg I MvW©vi wenxb Avi.wm.wm ¯ø¨ve‡K d¬¨vU ¯ø¨ve e‡j| Ab¨ K_vq ¯ø¨v‡ei Ici AvcwZZ †jvW exg ev †`Iqv‡ji Ici ¯
vbvšÍi bv K‡i mivmwi Kjv‡gi Ici ¯
&bvšÍwiZ K‡i †h ¯ø¨ve wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K d¬¨vU ¯ø¨ve e‡j|

6) d¬¨vU ¯ø¨ve Gi myweav : 1) G‡Z †nWiæg †ewk cvIqv hvq| 2) eo ¯ú¨vb I AwaK †jvW en‡bi Rb¨ G ¯ø¨ve wWRvBb Avw_©K mvkªqx 3) mgcwigvY iW e¨envi K‡i AwaK gReyZ †d¬vi wbg©vY Kiv hvq 4) Gi dg© IqvK© •Zwi Kiv mnR 5) G‡Z †Kvb exg _v‡Kbv ZvB Avjv`v wmwjs Gi cÖ‡qvRb c‡ibv 6) B‡jw±ªK I cvBc jvBb emv‡Z myweav nq 7) GwmAvB †KvW Abyhvqx d¬¨vU ¯ø¨ve wWRvB‡bi kZ© : 1) cvkvcvwk Kgc‡ÿ wZbwU c¨v‡bj _vK‡Z n‡e 2) ¯ø¨ve Gi •`N©¨ cÖ‡¯
i AbycvZ 1.33 Gi †ewk n‡e bv 3) Dfqw`‡K cici c¨v‡bj¸‡jvi ‣`‡N©¨i cv_©K¨ A‡cÿvK„Z eo ¯ú¨vb ‣`‡N©¨i 20% Gi †ewk n‡ebv 4) Wªc c¨v‡b‡ji gvc Kgc‡ÿ 0.33L ivLv nq 5) Kjvg K¨vwcUv‡ji cwigvY 0.20L n‡Z 0.25L Gi g‡a¨ ivLv nq 8) †eBR‡g›U †d¬vi : gvwU Zj ev wc­š
 †j‡f‡ji wb‡P †h †d¬vi wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K †eBR‡g›U †d¬vi e‡j| 9) mvm‡c‡ÛW †d¬vi : gvwU Zj †_‡K wKQyUv Ic‡ii †d¬vi‡K mvm‡c‡ÛW †d¬vi e‡j| 10) gyivg †d¬vi Gi wbg©vY c×wZ : ‡h †Kvb cv_‡oi UzKiv‡K gyivg e‡j| cÖ_‡g mve †MÖW ev k³ †eW •Zwi Kivi Rb¨ 15 †mwg cyiæ K‡i gyivg wewQ‡q cvwb mn‡hv‡n fvjfv‡e `yg©yR Kiv nq| Gi Ici 25 †mwg cyiæ K‡i gyiv‡gi cvDWvi wewQ‡q w`‡q Avevi `ygy©R Kiv nq| Gevi 6 wgwg cyiæ K‡i cvwb‡Z m¤ú~Y© f‡i †`Iqv nq| Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í DcwiZj wµ‡gi gZ •Zwi Kiv nq Ges c``wjZ K‡i mgvb Kiv nq| Gici Kv‡Vi n¨vgvi Øviv `yg©yR Kiv nq Ges ‡Mve‡ii cvZjv cÖ‡jc †`Ihv nq| me©‡k‡l 1:4 Abycv‡Z wm‡g›U ‡Mve‡ii cÖ‡jc Øviv †j‡c †`Iqv nq| Gfv‡e gyivg †d¬vi •Zwi Kiv nq| 11) gv‡e©j †d¬vi Gi wbg©vY c×wZ : GUv Avi.wm.wm ev wm‡g›U Kswµ‡Ui ‣Zwi mve †MÖ‡Wi Ici wbg©vY Kiv nq| gv‡e©j †d¬vi ¯
vcb Kivi mgq mve †MÖW‡K fvjfv‡e cwi¯‥vi K‡i †bIqv nq| Gevi 1: 4 Abycv‡Z wm‡g›U gmjv 20 wgwg cyiæ K‡i cÖ‡Z¨K ¯ø¨v‡ei wb‡P wewQ‡q †`Iqv nq| Gevi Kv‡Vi nvZzwi Øviv gv‡e©j ¯ø¨ve‡K g„`y AvNv‡Z Pv‡ci mvnv‡h¨ ewm‡q mgZj Kiv nq| Gevi ¯ø¨ve‡K DwV‡q mgZj c„ô‡K cixÿv Kiv nq| cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a †ewWs G gmjv †hv‡M Dci c„‡ô mgvb Kiv nq| †ewWs gmjv wKQzUv k³ n‡q †M‡j Bnvi Dci wm‡g›U ¯øvwi cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 4.4 †KwR wn‡m‡e Qwo‡q w`‡q gv‡e©j ¯ø¨ve¸‡jv‡K wVK Ae¯
v‡b Kv‡Vi g¨v‡jU Øviv AvNvZ K‡i emv‡bv nq| Gici GKUvbv 7 w`b wKDwis Kiv nq| 12) Avcvi †d¬vi : gvwUi mgZ‡j Aew¯
Z †d¬vi‡K MÖvDÛ †d¬vi e‡j| Avi me© Dc‡iv¯
 †d¬vi †hUv `vjvb‡K Ave„„Z K‡i iv‡L Zv‡K Qv` e‡j| MÖvDÛ †d¬vi I Qv‡`i gv‡Si †d¬vi ¸‡jv‡K Avcvi †d¬vi e‡j| Avcvi †d¬vi wbg©v‡Yi mgq †h mKj welq we‡ePbv Kiv nq :1) mvUvwis ch©‡eÿY 2) wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U ch©‡eÿY 3) KswµU XvjvB ch©‡eÿY 4) wdwbwgs KvR ch©‡eÿY 13) ‡d«BgW †d¬vi Gi Dcvsk : 1) MvW©vi

2) evBÛvi

3) weªwRs R‡q›U

4) ‡d¬vi †evwW©s

14) Kjvg K¨vwcUvj : d¬¨vU ¯ø¨v‡ei wb‡P Kjv‡gi gv_v‡K GKUz cÖk¯Í K‡i ‡`Iqv nq| GB cÖk¯
 Ask‡K Kjvg K¨vwcUvj e‡j| Wªc c¨v‡bj‡K mv‡cvU© ‡`Iqv Rb¨ Kjvg K¨vwcUvj wbg©vY Kiv nq| 15) Wªc c¨v‡bj : d¬¨vU ¯ø¨v‡ei IRb‡K mn‡R enb Kivi Rb¨ Kjvg K¨vwcUv‡ji Ic‡i †h †QvU ¯ø¨ve wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K Wªc c¨v‡bj e‡j| Kjv‡gi AvKvi Abyhvqx GUv eM©vKvi A_ev e„ËvKvi n‡Z cv‡i|

16) K‡¤úvwRU †d¬vi : wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi mgš^‡q †h †d¬vi wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K K‡¤úvwRU †d¬vi e‡j| K‡¤úvwRU †d¬vi Gi myweavmgyn :1) `xN© ¯ú¨v‡bi Rb¨ myweavRbK 2) ‡h †Kvb ai‡Yi †jv‡Wi Rb¨ myweavRbK 3) GUv `xN©-¯
vqx 4) DËg kã I AwMœ cÖwZ‡ivax 5) fvj _vg©vj Bbmy‡jkb ¸Y m¤úbœ 6) mgZj wmwjs cvIqv hvq 17) Aviwe ¯ø¨ve : Aviwe ¯ø¨ve Gi †UbmvBj iW‡K Zvi wbw`©ó RvqMv‡Z a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ hZUzKz KswµU Gi cÖ‡qvRb wVK ZZUzKzB e¨envi Kiv nq| evwK dvKv Ask mgyn BU Øviv cyY© Kiv nq| G ai‡Yi ¯ø¨ve G mvaviYZ 50% KswµU I 50% BU e¨envi Kiv nq| 18) wieW ¯ø¨ve : ‡h ¯ø¨ve Gi †Ubkb †Rv‡b Kswµ‡Ui cwie‡Z© ¯^í gy‡j¨i gvjvgvj †hgb, mwjW A_ev dvcv UvBj ev eøK e¨envi K‡i •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K wieW ¯ø¨ve e‡j| gvSvix jvBf †jv‡Wi Rb¨ G ¯ø¨ve Dc‡hvMx| 19) wieW ¯ø¨ve wWRvB‡bi we‡eP¨ welqmgyn : 1) Uc ¯ø¨v‡ei cyiæZ¡ Kgc‡ÿ 5 ‡mwg 2) ¯ø¨ve mn wi‡ei MfxiZv wi‡ei cÖ‡¯
i 4 ¸‡Yi †ewk n‡e bv 3) wi‡ei cÖ¯
 6.5 †_‡K 12.5 ‡mwg ch©šÍ ivLv nq 4) cici `ywU wi‡ei e¨eavb 1.5 wgUv‡ii †ewk n‡e bv 5) wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U Gi cwigvY n‡e KswµU †ÿÎd‡ji 15%

20) GKgyLx mwjW ¯ø¨ve wWRvB‡bi mgq Gi Dc‡i Av‡ivwcZ †jvW mgyn‡K mgfv‡e we¯Í…Z wn‡m‡e a‡i ‡bIqv nq Ges GKwgUvi dvwj we‡ePbv Kiv nq| wb‡P wKQz Z_¨vw` †`Iqv nj: ¯ø¨ve Gi bvg K¨vw›Uwjfvi ¯ø¨ve mvaviYfv‡e ¯
vwcZ ¯ø¨ve Avav avivevwnK ¯ø¨ve avivevwnK ¯ø¨ve

b~b¨Zg cyiæZ¡ m‡e©v‪P †ewÛs †gv‡g›U m‡e©v‪P wkqvi †dvm© L 12 L t 25 L t 30

M 

L 35

M 

t

t

wL2 2 wL2 M  8 wL2 M  10 wL2 12

V W

V 

W 2

Awew‪Qbœ cÖv‡šÍ V  0.6W wew‪Qbœ cÖv‡šÍ V  0.4W V 

W 2

21) GwmAvB †KvW Abyhvqx Kswµ‡Ui b~¨bZg cÖwZ‡ivax Kfvwis wb¤œiæc : 1) ¯ø¨ve Ges †`qv‡ji Rb¨ gy³ Kfvwis = 2 †mwg 2) exg Ges Kjv‡gi †ÿ‡µ gy³ Kfvwis = 4 †mwg 3) gvwUi ms¯ú‡k© _vK‡j Ges kvUvwis e¨envi Ki‡j gy³ Kfvwis = 6.5 †mwg 4) gvwUi ms¯ú‡k© _vK‡j Ges kvUvwis e¨envi bv Ki‡j gy³ Kfvwis = 7.5 †mwg 22) ¯ø¨v‡ei me©wb¤œ wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U : 1) ‡cøBb ev‡ii Rb¨- ¯ø¨v‡ei †Qw`Z As‡ki Kswµ‡Ui †gvU †ÿÎd‡ji 0.25% 2) wWdg©W ev‡ii †ÿ‡Î 0.12% 23) GKgyLx ¯ø¨v‡ei †ÿ‡Î Zvcxq i‡Wi b~¨bZg cwigvY : gm„Y ev‡ii ‡ÿ‡Î As  0.0025bt wWdg©W ev‡ii ‡ÿ‡Î As  0.002bt 24) e¨vjKbx ¯ø¨ve Gi cÖKvi‡f` : 1) GKcÖvšÍ Ave× Ges wZbcÖvšÍ gy³ 2) cvkvcvwk `yB mv‡cv‡U©i mv‡_ mshy³ 3) GKw`‡K gy³ Ges wZbw`‡K Ave× 25) GKgyLx ¯ø¨v‡e Zvcxq iW e¨envi Kivi KviY : GKgyLx ¯ø¨ve G cÖavb iW GKw`‡K e¨nvi Kiv nq| hvi Kvi‡Y G iW¸‡jv Zv‡`i AvovAvwo dvUj cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| G Kvi‡Y GKgyLx ¯ø¨ve G ZvcxI iW e¨envi Kiv nq| 26) wØgyLx ¯ø¨v‡ei cÖvšÍxq Ae¯
v : 1) GKcÖvšÍ wew‪Qbœ

2) `yBcÖvšÍ wewQbœ

3) wZbcÖvšÍ wew‪Qbœ

4) Dfq cÖvšÍ wew‪Qbœ

27) wgWj w÷ªc I Kjvg w÷ªc : wØgyLx ¯ø¨ve G †jvW cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j gvSLv‡b me©vwaK cwRwUf †gv‡g›U Ges cÖv‡šÍ me©vwaK †b‡MwUf †gv‡g›U Drcbœ nq| wWRvB‡bi myweavi Rb¨ D³ ¯ø¨ve‡K wZbwU dvwj‡Z wef³ K‡i †bIqv nq| gvSLv‡bi L / 2 Ask‡K wgWj w÷ªc Ges `ycv‡ki L / 4 Ask‡K Kjvg w÷ªc e‡j|

28) wØgyLx ¯ø¨ve Gi †jvW e›Ub e¨e¯
v :

29) KY©vi wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U : wØgyLx ¯ø¨ve G †jvW cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j gvSLv‡b me©vwaK cwRwUf †gv‡g›U Ges cÖv‡šÍ me©vwaK †b‡MwUf †gv‡g›U Drcbœ nq| hvi cÖfv‡e ¯ø¨ve Gi gv‡Si Ask wWg AvKv‡i gv‡S e‡m †h‡Z cv‡i Ges Gi cÖv‡šÍi Ask DPz n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| G mgm¨v Gov‡bvi Rb¨ ¯ø¨v‡ei cÖv‡šÍ †h we‡kl i‡Wi e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K KY©vi wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U e‡j| 30) †h Ae¯
vq wØgyLx ¯ø¨ve wWRvBb Kiv nq : hw` †Kvb ¯ø¨ve Gi Pvicv‡k mv‡cvU© _v‡K, Ges ¯ø¨v‡ei Dci †jvW cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡j ¯ø¨vewU‡Z wWm Gi b¨vq †e‡K hvIqvi cÖeYZv †`Lv †`q| †h †Kvb we›`y‡Z G evK `yw`‡KB msMwVZ nq ev `yw`‡KB †ewÛs †gv‡g›U Gi m„wó nq| G ai‡Yi ¯ø¨ve Gi †Ubkb cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ `yw`‡KB iW w`‡Z nq| G ai‡bi ¯ø¨ve Zvi Pvicv‡ki mv‡cv‡U© †jvW ¯
vbvšÍwiZ K‡i| mvaviYZ ¯ø¨ve Gi •`N©¨ I cÖ‡¯
i AbycvZ 2 Gi Kg n‡j G ai‡bi •ewkó¨ †`Lv †`q| GRb¨ G mKj Ae¯
vq wØgyLx ¯ø¨ve wWRvBb Kiv nq|

exg 1) hyMj : hLb `ywU mgvb I mgvšÍivj ej GKwU AciwUi wecixZ w`‡K wµqv K‡i wKšÍ Zv‡`i wµqv GKB mgvšÍivj †iLv eivei KvR K‡ibv Zv‡K hyMj e‡j| GUv Nwoi KvUvi w`‡K ev wecixZgyLx n‡Z cv‡i| 2) exg : exg GK cÖKvi Abyfzwg KvVv‡gv| hv e‡K ev GKvwaK mv‡cv‡U©i Dci Ae¯
vb K‡i Gi Dci Av‡ivwcZ fvi mv‡cv‡U© ¯
vbvšÍwiZ K‡i| 3) mv‡cv‡U©i cÖK…wZi Dci wbf©i K‡i exg cvuP cÖKvi h_v : 1) mvaviYfv‡e ¯
vwcZ exg : G mKj exg Gi Dfq cÖvšÍ gy³fv‡e mv‡cv‡U©i Dci Ae¯
vb K‡i Gi Dci Av‡ivwcZ fvi enb K‡i|

2) K¨vw›Uwjfvi exg : G mKj exg Gi GKcÖvšÍ mv‡cv‡U©i mv‡_ `„pfv‡e Ave× Ges Aci cÖvšÍ gy³fv‡e †_‡K Gi Dci Av‡ivwcZ fvi enb K‡i|

3) SzjšÍ exg : G mKj exg Gi GK ev Dfq cÖvšÍ mv‡cv‡U©i evB‡i evov‡bv _v‡K Ges G Ae¯
vq Gi Dci Av‡ivwcZ fvi enb K‡i|

4) Ave× exg : G mKj exg Gi Dfq cÖvšÍ mv‡cv‡U©i mv‡_ `„pfv‡e Ave× _v‡K Ges Gi Dci Av‡ivwcZ wewfbœ fvi enb K‡i|

5) avivevwnK exg : K) Avav avivevwnK exg : G mKj exg wZbwU mv‡cv‡U©i Dci Ae¯
vb K‡i Ges Gi Dci Av‡ivwcZ wewfbœ fvi enb K‡i|

L) m¤úyY© avivevwnK exg : G mKj exg wZb Gi AwaK mv‡cv‡U©i Dci Ae¯
vb K‡i Ges Gi Dci Av‡ivwcZ wewfbœ fvi enb K‡i|

6) mv¤§ve¯
vi myÎ : Av‡ivwcZ ejmgy‡ni AbyfzwgK Dcvs‡ki exRMvwbwZK †hvMdj ïb¨, Av‡ivwcZ ejmgy‡ni Dj¤^ Dcvs‡ki exRMvwbwZK †hvMdj ïb¨, Av‡ivwcZ ejmgy‡ni †gv‡g›U Gi exRMvwbwZK †hvMdj ïb¨, A_©vr

H  0

 V 0

M  0

7) ÷¨vwUK¨vwj wWUviwg‡bU exg : ‡h mKi exg Gi mv‡cvU© cÖwZwµqv mv¤§ve¯
vi my‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wbY©q Kiv hvq Zv‡K ÷¨vwUK¨vwj wWUviwg‡bU exg e‡j| Ave× Ges avivevwnK exg ev‡` mKj cÖKvi exg Gi mv‡cvU© cÖwZwÎqv mv¤§ve¯
vi my‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wbY©q Kiv hvq| 8) ÷¨vwUK¨vwj BbwWUviwg‡bU exg : ‡h mKj exg Gi mv‡cvU© cÖwZwµqv mv¤§ve¯
vi my‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wbY©q Kiv hvqbv Zv‡K ÷¨vwUK¨vwj BbwWUviwg‡bU exg e‡j| †hgb Ave× Ges avivevwnK exg| 9) wewfbœ cÖKvi mv‡cv‡U©i eY©bv : K) mvaviY mv‡cvU© : GivB GKgvÎ mv‡cvU© hv †h †Kvb w`‡K Nwi‡Z cv‡i wKšÍ †h †Kvb GKw`‡Ki ¯
vbvšÍi cÖwZ‡iva K‡i| †ivjv‡ii miY Z‡ji mg‡Kv‡Y me©`v cÖwZwµqv wnmv‡e KvR K‡i A_©vr Dj¤^ fvi enb K‡i| L) KeRv hy³ mv‡cvU© : ‡h †Kvb w`‡K Ny‡i wKšÍ †h †Kvb mgZ‡j ¯
vbvšÍi cÖwZ‡iva K‡i& cÖhy³ †jv‡Wi Ae¯
v‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i †h †Kvb †Kv‡Y cÖwZwÎqv wµqv K‡i A_©vr AbyfzwgK I Dj¯^ fvi enb K‡i| M) Ave× mv‡cvU© : G mKj mv‡cvU© Nyi‡Z ev ¯
vbvšÍviZ nIqv A‡by‡gv`b K‡i bv| ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g ¯
vbvšÍi Ges †gv‡g›U Øviv NyY©b cÖwZ‡iva K‡i| 10) wkqvi †dvm© : ex‡gi †h †Kvb †mKk‡bi Wv‡b A_ev ev‡g wµqviZ mKj Dj¤^ ejmgy‡ni exRMvwbwZK †hvMdj‡K H †mKk‡bi wkqvi †dvm© e‡j| Avi G wkqvi †dvm© Gi wfwˇZ †h WvqvMÖvg A¼b Kiv nq Zv‡K wkqvi †dvm© WvqvMÖvg e‡j| 11) †ewÛs †gv‡g›U : ex‡gi †h †Kvb †mKk‡bi Wv‡b A_ev ev‡g wµqviZ mKj Dj¤^ ejmgy‡ni †gv‡g‡›Ui exRMvwbwZK †hvMdj‡K H †mKk‡bi ‡ewÛs †gv‡g›U e‡j| Avi G †ewÛs †gv‡g›U© Gi wfwˇZ †h WvqvMÖvg A¼b Kiv nq Zv‡K †ewÛs †gv‡g›U© WvqvMÖvg e‡j| 12) wec`RbK †mKkb I Bb‡d¬Kkb c‡q›U : ex‡gi †h †mKk‡b wkqvi †dvm© Gi gvb c‡RwUf †_‡K †b‡MwUf ev †b‡MwUf †_‡K c‡RwUf nq H †mKkb‡K wec`RbK †mKkb e‡j | Avi ex‡gi †h we›`y‡Z †ewÛs †gv‡g›U Gi gvb c‡RwUf †_‡K †b‡MwUf ev †b‡MwUf †_‡K c‡RwUf nq H we›`y‡K Bb‡d¬Kkb c‡q›U e‡j| ex‡gi †h †mKk‡b wkqvi ‡dv© Gi gvb me©‪P, †m †mKk‡b †ewÛs †gv‡g‡›Ui gvb me©wb¤œ nq|

13) wkqvi †dvm© WvqvMÖvg Gi •ewkó¨ : 1) c‡RwUf wkqvi †dvm© †idv‡iÝ A‡ÿi Dc‡i Ges †b‡MwUf wkqvi ‡dvm© †idv‡iÝ A‡ÿi wb‡P Ae¯
vb K‡i| 2) wkqvi †dvm© WvqvMÖvg Gi AbyfzwgK mij‡iLv ex‡gi Dci †jvW ïb¨ Ae¯
v wb‡`©k K‡i| 3) wkqvi †dvm© WvqvMÖvg Gi †njv‡bv mij‡iLv ex‡gi Dci mgfv‡e we¯Í…Z †jvW wb‡`©k K‡i| 4) wkqvi †dvm© WvqvMÖvg Gi Dj¤^ mij‡iLv ex‡gi Dci c‡q›U †jvW Gi †K›`ªwe›`y Ges Gi gvb wb‡`©k K‡i| 5) wkqvi †dvm© WvqvMÖvg Gi eµ‡iLv ex‡gi Dci cwieZ©bkxj †jvW wb‡`©k K‡i| 14) ‡ewÛs †gv‡g›U WvqvMÖvg WvqvMÖvg Gi •ewkó¨ : 1) c‡RwUf ‡ewÛs †gv‡g›U© †idv‡iÝ A‡ÿi Dc‡i Ges †b‡MwUf ‡ewÛs †gv‡g›U †idv‡iÝ A‡ÿi wb‡P Ae¯
vb K‡i| 2) ‡ewÛs †gv‡g›U WvqvMÖvg Gi †njv‡bv eµ‡iLv ex‡gi Dci mgfv‡e we¯Í…Z †jvW wb‡`©k K‡i| 3) wkqvi †dvm© WvqvMÖvg Gi †njv‡bv mij‡iLv ex‡gi Dci †jvW ïb¨ Ae¯
v wb‡`©k K‡i| 4) wkqvi †dvm© WvqvMÖvg Gi Dj¤^ mij‡iLv I †iLvi gvb ex‡gi Dci hyMj Gi †K›`ªwe›`y Ges Gi gvb wb‡`©k K‡i| 5) wkqvi †dvm© WvqvMÖvg Gi cwieZ©bkxj eµ‡iLv ex‡gi Dci cwieZ©bkxj †jvW wb‡`©k K‡i| 15) ‡ewÛs cxob : ex‡gi Dci ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j †ewÛs ‡gv‡g‡›Ui m„wó nq| GB †ewÛs †gv‡g›U‡K cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ ex‡gi Af¨šÍ‡i †h evav`vbKvix cxob Gi m„wó nq Zv‡K cxob e‡j| 16) weï× ‡ewÛs : ex‡gi Dci †jvW cÖ‡qvM bv K‡i †KejgvÎ cÖvšÍ؇q hyMj cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g myó †ewÛs‡K weï× †ewÛs e‡j| weï× ‡ewÛs Gi d‡j ex‡g ïaygvÎ †ewÛs cxo‡bi Gi m„wó nq| G‡Z †Kvb wkqvi cxob m„wó nqbv| 17) mvaviY †ewÛs : ex‡g evwn¨K ej ev †jvW cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g m„ó †ewÛs‡K mvaviY †ewÛs e‡j| Gi d‡j ex‡g †ewÛs cxob Gi mv‡_ wkqvi cxob Gi m„wó nq| 18) ex‡gi wbi‡cÿ Aÿ : ex‡gi Dci ‡jvW cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j G‡Z cxo‡bi m„wó nq| mvaviYZ ex‡gi Dc‡ii As‡k Pvc cxob Ges wb‡Pi As‡k Uvb cxo‡bi m„wó nq| wKšÍ ex‡gi Af¨šÍ‡i GKUv wbw`©ó Aÿ eivei †Kvb cxo‡bi m„wó nqbv A_©vr D³ A‡ÿ exg evuKv n‡ebv| D³ Aÿ‡K ex‡gi wbi‡cÿ Aÿ e‡j| 19) ex‡gi †d¬·vi my‡Îi mxgve×Zv ev †ewÛs w_Iix : 1) ex‡gi wbg©vY DcKiY¸‡jv û‡Ki myÎ †g‡b Pj‡e| Ges cxob mgvbycvwZK mxgv AwZµg Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| 2) ‡jvW cÖ‡qv‡Mi cy‡e© exg †mvRv _vK‡e| 3) ex‡gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q`¸‡jv Dj¤^ A‡ÿ cÖwZmg n‡e Ges Dj¤^ Z‡j wµqviZ jwä ej ¸‡jv‡K ex‡gi j¤^vjw¤^ A‡ÿi Dci j¤^ n‡Z n‡e| 4) ex‡gi j¤^vjwgve weK…wZ wkqvwis weK…wZ Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡ebv| 5) ex‡gi Pvc I Uvb Dfq GjvKvi wbg©vY DcKiY¸‡jv‡K GKB w¯
wZ¯
vcK gvb m¤úbœ n‡Z n‡e|

20) Bjvw÷K ‡mKkb gWzjvm : ‡Kvb †mKk‡bi fi‡K›`ªMvgx A‡ÿ †gv‡g›U Ae Bbvwk©qv Ges D³ ‡mKk‡bi fi‡K›`ª n‡Z evwn‡ii cÖv‡šÍi `yi‡Z¡i AbycvZ‡K Bjvw÷K ‡mKkb gWzjvm e‡j| Bjvw÷K ‡mKkb gWzjvm, Z 

I ymax

21) weï× †gv‡g›U : ‡Kvb `‡Ûi GKcÖv‡šÍ wcb e¨envi K‡i Ab¨ cÖv‡šÍ ej cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j Giæ‡c Ny‡i †h, G‡Z †Kvb †ewÛs †gv‡g›U Gi m„wó nqbv| GB e‡ji †gv‡g›U †K weï× †gv‡g›U e‡j| 22) ‡gv‡g›U Ae Bbvwk©qv : ‡Kvb ÿz`ªZg †ÿ·K wbw`©ó Aÿ n‡Z H †ÿ‡Îi fi‡K›`ª ch©šÍ `yiZ¡ Gi eM© Øviv ¸b Ki‡j cÖvß ivwk‡K H A‡ÿi mv‡c‡ÿ D³ †ÿ‡Îi †gv‡g›U Ae Bbvwk©qv e‡j| ‡gv‡g›U Ae Bbvwk©qv, I   y 2 dA 23) †iwRw÷s ‡gv‡g›U : ej cÖ‡qv‡M ex‡gi AfšÍ‡i m„ó †ewÛs †gv‡g›U †K cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ ex‡gi AfšÍ‡i †h †gv‡g›U Gi m„wó nq Zv‡K †iwRw÷s †gv‡g›U e‡j| 24) ex‡gi wkqvi cxob : ex‡gi †h †Kvb cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i GKK †ÿ‡Î Drcbœ Af¨šÍixY wkqvi †dv‡m©i cwigvY‡K wkqvi cxob e‡j| 25) m‡e©v”P Ges Mo wkqvi cxob : ‡Kvb ex‡gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡` wbi‡cÿ A‡ÿi mv‡c‡ÿ wkqvi ‡÷ªm my‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ cÖvß gvb‡K m‡e©v‪P wkqvi cxob e‡j| ‡Kvb ex‡gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡` m„ó wkqvi †dvm©‡K D³ cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i †ÿÎd‡ji gvb Øviv fvM K‡i cÖvß cxob‡K Mo wkqvi cxob e‡j| 26) ex‡gi wgZe¨qx †mKkb : ‡ewÛs cxob we‡ePbv K‡i exg wWRvBb Ki‡j ex‡gi †h †mKkb cvIqv hvq Zv‡K ex‡gi wgZe¨qx †mKkb e‡j|

27) gWzjvm Ae ivcPvi : exg e¨_© nIqvi cye© ch©šÍ ‡jvW cÖ‡qv‡M †h m‡e©v‪P †ewÛs †gv‡g›U Gi m„wó nq, Zvi d‡j Drcbœ cxob Gi gvb‡K gWzjvm Ae ivcPvi e‡j| 28) exg e¨_© nIqvi KviY : 1) bgbxq c`v_© †UbkvBj Ges K‡¤úªk‡b Bì c‡q›U ch©šÍ †ewÛs cxob mgvb A_ev Abgbxq c`v‡_©i m‡e©v‪P †÷ªs_ ch©šÍ mgvb| 2) m‡e©v‪P wkqvi †÷ªs_ ch©šÍ wkqvi cxob mgvb| 3) ex‡gi •`‡N©¨i Zzjbvq †d¬Ä hw` Lye wPKb nq, Z‡e K‡¤úªk‡b cvk¦©w`‡K exg †eu‡K †h‡Z cv‡i| hw` AbyfzwgKfv‡e †ewÛs cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z †d¬ÄI h‡_ó k³ nq| 4) ex‡gi MfxiZvi Zzjbvq I‡qe hw` ‡ewk wPKb nq, Z‡e †Kw›`ªfzZ †jvW A_ev cÖwZwµqv e‡ji cÖfv‡e I‡qe †eu‡K e¨_© n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| 5) I‡qwìs A_ev wi‡ewUs Øviv ms‡hvMKvix ex‡gi ms‡hvM c„_K n‡q e¨_© n‡q ‡h‡Z cv‡i|

29) wW‡d¬Kkb : ex‡gi Dci †jvW cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j Gi cÖviw¤¢K Ae¯
vb n‡Z wKQz cwigvY ¯
vbPz¨wZ N‡U| G ¯
vbPz¨wZi cwigvY‡K wW‡d¬Kkb e‡j| 30) Bjvw÷K Kvf© : ex‡gi Dci Av‡ivwcZ †jv‡Wi d‡j ex‡gi •`N©¨ eivei wbi‡cÿ Aÿ w¯
wZ¯
vcK mxgvq †_‡K †h eµ‡iLvi m„wó K‡i Zv‡K Bjvw÷K Kvf© e‡j| 31) wW‡d¬Kkb wbY©‡qi c×wZ mgyn : 1) †gv‡g›U Gwiqv c×wZ 2) Wvej Bw›Uª‡Mkb c×wZ 3) KbRy‡MU exg c×wZ 4) BDwbU †jvW c×wZ 5) g¨vKzwji c×wZ 32) 1g †gv‡g›U Gwiqv Dccv`¨ : ex‡gi Bjvw÷K Kv‡f©i Dci †h †Kvb `ywU we›`y n‡Z `ywU ¯úk©K AsKb Ki‡j D³ ¯úk©K؇qi g‡a¨ †h †KvY Drcbœ nq Zv‡KB 1g †gv‡g›U Gwiqv Dccv`¨ ev ex‡gi †¯øvc ev Xvj e‡j| 33) 2q †gv‡g›U Gwiqv Dccv`¨ : ex‡gi Bjvw÷K Kv‡f©i Dci †h †Kvb `ywU we›`yi ga¨Kvi †ewÛs †gv‡g›U WvqvMÖv‡gi †ÿÎdj‡K wW‡d¬Kkb gvcK we›`yi mv‡c‡ÿ †gv‡g›U wb‡q EI Øviv fvM Ki‡j †h gvb cvIqv hv‡e Zvi cwigvY n‡e Aci we›`y n‡Z Aw¼Z ¯úk©‡Ki Dci¯
 we›`y Ges wW‡d¬Kkb gvcb we›`yi ga¨Kvi Djw¤^K gvb y Gi mgvb| G‡KB ex‡gi 2q †gv‡g›U Gwiqv Dccv`¨ e‡j| 34) ex‡gi wW‡d¬Kkb wbY©‡qi aviYvmgyn : 1) †ewÛs †gv‡g‡›Ui Kvi‡Y ex‡g m„ó cxob, mgvYycvwZK mxgvi g‡a¨ wb‡P _v‡K e‡j a‡i †bIqv nq| d‡j exg c`v_© û‡Ki myÎ †g‡b P‡j| 2) †ewÛs Gi cy‡e© I c‡i ex‡gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q` Zj GKB mgZ‡j _vK‡e| 3) cÖv_wgK Ae¯
vq ex‡gi •`N©¨ Ges evuKv nevi ci ex‡gi •`N©¨ GKB _vK‡e| 4) wkqviRwbZ Kvi‡Y Drcbœ wW‡d¬Kkb Gi cwigvY LyeB bMb¨ wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq bv| †KejgvÎ †ewÛs Gi Kvi‡Y Drcbœ wW‡d¬Kkb Gi cwigvY wnmve Kiv nq| 5) ex‡gi •`‡N©¨i Zzjbvq wW‡d¬Kk‡bi cwigvY Lye Kg nq| 35) mgmË¡ exg : †h mg¯Í exg †KejgvÎ GKRvZxq c`v_© Øviv •Zix Kiv nq Zv‡K mgmË¡ exg e‡j| 36) mgmË¡ exg Gi †¶‡Î wKQz Z_¨vw` :

b  ex‡gi cÖ¯
, cm G d  ex‡gi MfxiZv, cm G f c  ex‡gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i wbi‡c¶ A¶ n‡Z Pvc GjvKvi m‡e©v‪P dvBev‡ii Pvc cxob, kg / cm 2 G

ft  ex‡gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i wbi‡c¶ A¶ n‡Z Uvb GjvKvi m‡e©v‪P dvBev‡ii Uvb cxob, kg / cm 2 G C  Pvc GjvKvi jwä ej, kg †Z T  Uvb GjvKvi jwä ej, kg †Z M  x  x ‡mKk‡b ‡ewÛs †gv‡g›U, kg  cm G

37) ex‡gi, m‡e©v”P wkqvi †dvm©, m‡e©v”P †ewÛs †gv‡g›U I Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ wW‡d¬Kkb Gi cwigvY : hw` ex‡gi Ici mgfv‡e we¯Í…Z †jvW _v‡K ex‡gi bvg mvaviYfv‡e ¯
vwcZ exg

m‡e©v‪P wkqvi †dvm©

m‡e©v‪P ‡ewÛs †gv‡g›U

W L or 2 2 V  0.6 W Awew‪Qbœ cÖv‡šÍ wew‪Qbœ cÖv‡šÍ V  0.4 W W V 2 V W

WL 100 8 WL M 100 10 WL M 100 12 WL M 100 2  WL PL  M    100 4   8

V

Avav avivevwnK exg avivevwnK exg K¨vw›Uwjfvi exg mvaviYfv‡e ¯
vwcZ exg Gi †¶‡Î ex‡gi Ici mgfv‡e we¯Í…Z †jvW Ges gv‡S c‡q›U †jvW P _vK‡j mgmË¡ ex‡gi †¶‡Î

2

W P  V    2 2

M

M bd 2  f 6

 ex‡gi Ici cÖwZwgUvi •a‡N©¨ Av‡ivwcZ †jvW   kg / m  ex‡gi Ici Av‡ivwcZ ‡gvU †jvW  W kg here, W    L

Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ wW‡d¬Kk‡bi cwigvY : 1  Span 325 1 2) ex‡gi cøv÷v‡ii dvUj Gov‡bvi Rb¨ Span 360 1 3) ÷xj exg Gi †ÿ‡Î Span 400 1  Span 4) wfwËi exg Gi †ÿ‡Î200

1) mvaviYfv‡e ¯
vwcZ ex‡gi Rb¨-

38) †iwRw÷s †gv‡g›U : †Kvb KvVv‡gvi Ici ‡jvW cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j †ewÛs †gv‡g‡›Ui m„wó nq| G †ewÛs †gv‡g›U‡K cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ KvVv‡gvi †fZi †h †gv‡g‡›Ui m„wó nq Zv‡K †iwRw÷s †gv‡g›U e‡j| 39) w_Iix Ae †ewÛs : ex‡gi wbi‡cÿ A‡ÿi Dc‡i Pvc cxob I wb‡P Uvb cxo‡bi m„wó nq| G ejØq ci¯úi mgvb I wecixZgyLx| ex‡gi †fZi Giv ci¯úi hyM‡ji m„wó K‡i| hyM‡ji Rb¨ m„ó †gv‡g›U ex‡g Drcbœ ‡ewÛs †gv‡g‡›Ui mgvb I wecixZgyLx| GUvB †ewÛs w_Iix|

40) wbi‡cÿ Zj : ex‡gi †h Zj eivei Pvc cxob I Uvb cxo‡bi gvb mgvb Zv‡K wbi‡cÿ Zj e‡j| 41) wjfvi Avg© : Pvc cxo‡bi jwä we›`y I Uvb cxo‡bi jwä we›`y Gi ga¨eZ©x `yiZ¡‡K wjfvi Avg© e‡j| 42) Avi.wm.wm ex‡gi AvbygvwbK cÖ¯
‡”Q` wbY©q : ex‡gi cÖwZ wgUvi gy³ ¯ú¨v‡bi Rb¨ 8 cm †_‡K 10 cm nv‡i MfxiZv aiv nq Ges cÖ¯
 MfxiZvi

1 1 fvM †_‡K fvM aiv nq| 3 2

43 Kvh©Kix MfxiZv : ex‡gi Pvc GjvKvi ewnt¯
 we›`y †_‡K j¤^vjw¤^ i‡Wi †K›`ª ch©šÍ `yiZ¡‡K ex‡gi Kvh©Kix MfxiZv e‡j| G‡K d Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|

GLv‡b,  c  Kswµ‡Ui cÖwZ GKK ‣`‡N©¨i weK…wZ  s  w÷‡ji cÖwZ GKK ‣`‡N©¨i weK…wZ Es  w÷‡ji w¯
wZ¯
vcK ¸bvsK, kg / cm 2 G, Es  2039000 kg / cm 2 Ec  Kswµ‡Ui w¯
wZ¯
vcK ¸bvsK, kg / cm 2 G, Ec  W 1.5 . 4270 f c' Ec  Kswµ‡Ui w¯
wZ¯
vcK ¸bvsK, lb / inch 2 G, Ec  W 1.5 . 33 f c' d  ex‡gi MfxiZv, cm G f c  ex‡gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i wbi‡c¶ A¶ n‡Z Pvc GjvKvi m‡e©v‪P dvBev‡ii Pvc cxob, kg / cm 2 G

f s  ex‡gi ‣`N©¨ eivei ¯
vwcZ i‡Wi GKK Uvb cxob, kg / cm 2 G W  Unit weight of concrete  2.4 kg / m3 , or  150 lb / ft 3 E n = gWzjvi †iwkI,  s Ec b  ex‡gi cÖ¯
, cm G d  ex‡gi Kvh©Kix MfxiZv, cm G| Pvc GjvKvi ewn¯
 we›`y n‡Z j¤^vjw¤^ i‡Wi †K›`ª ch©šÍ `yiZ¡ k  wbi‡cÿ Aÿ n‡Z Pvc GjvKvi ewn¯
 we›`y ch©šÍ `yiZ¡, cm G kd  Pvc GjvKvi ewnf©vM †_‡K wbi‡cÿ A‡ÿi `yiZ¡, cm G j  ex‡gi Pvc cxo‡bi jwä we›`y I Uvb cxo‡bi †K›`ªwe›`yi ga¨eZ©x `yiZ¡, cm G jd  ex‡gi Pvc cxo‡bi jwä we›`y I Uvb cxo‡bi †K›`ªwe›`y ch©šÍ `yiZ¡, cm G As  ex‡gi j¤^vjw¤^ i‡Wi cÖ¯
‡‪Q`xq †ÿÎdj, cm 2 G

  ex‡gi j¤^vjw¤^ i‡Wi cÖ¯
‡‪Q`xq †ÿÎdj I ex‡gi Kvh„Kix ‡ÿÎd‡ji AbycvZ,  

As bd

M c  Kswµ‡Ui Pvc cxob Øviv m„ó cÖwZ‡ivax †gv‡g›U, kg  cm G M s  j¤^vjw¤^ i‡Wi Uvb cxob Øviv m„ó cÖwZ‡ivax †gv‡g›U, kg  cm G M  x  x ‡mKk‡b ‡ewÛs †gv‡g›U, kg  cm G C  Pvc GjvKvi jwä ej, kg †Z T  Uvb GjvKvi jwä ej, kg †Z

44) Wvqv‡Mvbvj †Ubkb : Avi.wm.wm ex‡gi Ici cÖhy³ †jv‡Wi Kvi‡Y wbi‡cÿ A‡ÿi Ic‡i Pvc cxob I wb‡P Uvb cxo‡bi m„wó nq| GQvov ex‡gi g‡a¨ wkqvi cxo‡bi Kvi‡Y †K․wYKfv‡e GK ai‡Yi Uvb cxo‡bi m„wó nq hvi d‡j ex‡g †K․wYK dvuU‡ji m„wó nq| myZivs †h †K․wYK Uvb cxo‡bi d‡j ex‡g †K․wYK dvuU‡ji m„wó nq Zv‡K Wvqv‡Mvbvj †Ubkb e‡j| Wvqv‡Mvbvj †Ubkb gyjZ GK cÖKvi jwä ej| Gi AvbyfzwgK ej‡K cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ j¤^vjw¤^ iW e¨envi Kiv nq| Avi Dj¤^ ej‡K cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ Lvov iW e¨envi Kiv nq| GB Lvov iW †K․wYK dvuUj cÖwZ‡iva K‡i| G‡K w÷ivc e‡j| 45 Avi.wm.wm ex‡g Wvqv‡Mvbvj †Ubkb m„wó nevi KviY : ex‡g AwZwi³ †jvW Av‡ivwcZ n‡j e¨vjvÝW wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U A‡cÿv Kg wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U e¨envi Kiv n‡j ex‡gi Kvh©Kix †ÿÎdj ch©vß bv n‡j mwVKfv‡e I cÖ‡qvRbxq I‡qe wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U e¨envi bv Ki‡j 46) Wvqv‡Mvbvj †Ubkb cÖwZ‡iv‡a †h mg¯Í e¨ee¯
v †bIqv nq : ex‡g AwZwi³ wiBb‡dvwm©s evi e¨envi Kiv nq dvuUj eivei mg‡Kv‡Y ‡¯øvwcs evi e¨envi Kiv nq µ¨vsK evi e¨envi Kiv nq 8 mm, 10 mm e¨v‡mi evi‡K U AvKv‡i evuwK‡q dvuUj Gi m¤¢ve¨ ¯
v‡b j¤^vjw¤^ e¨envi K‡i exg Gi PIov †ewk n‡j W AvKv‡ii w÷ivc e¨envi K‡i I‡qe wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U ev w÷ivc e¨envi K‡i 47) wkqvi cxob : Avi.wm.wm exg cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i GKK †ÿ‡Î m„ó Dj¤^ ej‡K wkqvi cxob e‡j| v 

Vcr bd

48) wµwUK¨vi wkqvi : ACI †KvW Abyhvqx Avi.wm.wm ex‡gi wkqvi cxob wbY©‡qi Rb¨ ex‡gi mv‡cvU© †_‡K "d " `yi‡Z¡ wkqvi †dvm© Gi gvb we‡ePbv Kiv nq| G‡K wµwUK¨vj wkqvi e‡j| Vcr  V   

d 100

49) Qwemn †K․wYK dvuUj m„wói KviY : 1) ex‡g hLb †ewÛs ‡gv‡g‡›Ui Zzjbvq wkqvi †dv‡m©i gvb †ewk nq, ZLb †K․wYK UvbRbxZ Kvi‡Y †h dvuU‡ji m„wó nq Zv Abyfzwg‡Ki mv‡_ 45 †KvY •Zwi K‡i| Ges gv‡Si dvuUj¸‡jv †gvUvgywU 90 †KvY •Zwi K‡i|

2) ex‡g hLb wkqvi †dv‡m©i Zzjbvq †ewÛs †gv‡g‡›Ui gvb †ewk nq, ZLb †d¬KPvi wkqvi Gi gva¨‡g †h dvuU‡ji m„wó nq Zv Abyfzwg‡Ki mv‡_ 90 †KvY •Zwi K‡i|

50) ex‡gi m‡e©v”P Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ wkqvi cxob : W .S .D Method , v  1.33 f c' kg / cm 2 U .S .D Method , vu  2.65 

f c' kg / cm 2

51) KswµU KZ…K MÖnY‡hvM¨ wkqvi cxob : W .S .D Method , v  0.292 fc' kg / cm 2 U .S .D Method , vcu  0.53 

f c' kg / cm 2

52) I‡qe wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U : Avi.wm.wm ex‡gi Ici cÖhy³ †jv‡Wi Kvi‡Y wbi‡cÿ A‡ÿi Ic‡i Pvc cxob I wb‡P Uvb cxo‡bi m„wó nq| GQvov ex‡gi g‡a¨ wkqvi cxo‡bi Kvi‡Y †K․wYKfv‡e GK ai‡Yi Uvb cxo‡bi m„wó nq hvi d‡j ex‡g †K․wYK dvuU‡ji m„wó nq| Avi GB †K․wYK dvuUj cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ ‡h iW e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K I‡qe wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U ev w÷ivc e‡j| ex‡g m„ó wkqvi cxo‡bi gvb (v) , KswµU KZ…K MªnY‡hvM¨ wkqvi cxo‡bi (vc ) gvb A‡cÿv †ewk n‡j w÷ivc Gi cÖ‡qvRb c‡i|

wPÎ n‡Z cvB, v  cÖhy³ e‡ji cÖfv‡e m‡e©v‪P wkqvi cxob, kg / cm 2 G vc  KswµU KZ…K enb‡hvM¨ wkqvi cxob, kg / cm 2 G v'  AwZwi³ wkqvi cxob, hvi Rb¨ w÷ivc cÖ‡qvRb, kg / cm 2 G L  ex‡gi •`N©¨, m , G d  ex‡gi Kvh©Kix MfxiZv, cm G a  mv‡cvU© †_‡K `yi‡Z¡ w÷ivc Gi `yiZ¡, cm G wPÎ n‡Z w÷ivc Gi `yiZ¡, a  

L  v'  d 2  v

53) hZ`yi e¨vcx w÷ivc cÖ‡qvRb : 1) mvaviYfv‡e ¯
vwcZ I avivevwnK exg Gi Rb¨, a  

L  v'  d . 2  v

2) Avav-avivevwnK exg Gi Rb¨, Awew‪Qbœ cÖv‡šÍ, a  0.6L  d . wew‪Qbœ cÖv‡šÍ, a  0.4L  d . 3) K¨vw›Uwjfvi exg Gi Rb¨, a  L  d .

v' v

v' v

v' v

4) cÖ‡Z¨K mv‡cvU© †_‡K w÷ivc Gi Rb¨ †gvU ‣`N©¨,  a  2d 5) w÷ivc Gi e¨eavb, S 

d 2

GLv‡b, d  ex‡gi Kvh©Kix •`N©¨, Ges v'  (v  vc )

54) I‡qe wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U Gi wPÎ :

55) eÛ cxob : Avi.wm.wm ex‡gi Ici †jvW cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j KswµU †_‡K iW wcQwj‡q †h‡Z Pvq| Ggb Ae¯
vq i‡Wi c„ô‡`‡k †h cwo‡bi m„wó nq Zv‡K eÛ cxob e‡j|  u 

V



0

jd

GLv‡b, u  i‡Wi cÖwZ GKK †ÿÎd‡j Drcbœ eÛ cxob, kg / cm 2 G V  m‡e©v‪P wkqvi †dvm©, kg G



0

 ND = ex‡g e¨eüZ mKj cÖavb i‡Wi cwimxgvi mgwó, cm G, GLv‡b D  i‡Wi e¨vm

jd  wjfvi Avg©, cm G

56) eÛ cxob Kgv‡bvi Dcvq : Kswµ‡U e¨eüZ cÖavb wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U Gi cwimxgvi gvb e„w× K‡i A_©vr mg‡ÿÎd‡ji A‡cÿvK…Z ‡QvU AvKv‡ii AwaK msL¨K iW e¨envi K‡i| ex‡gi Kvh©Kix MfxiZvi gvb e„w× K‡i| wWdg©W iW e¨envi K‡i| 57) KswµU I i‡Wi ga¨Kvi eÛ e„w× Ki‡Z ‡h mKj welq we‡ePbv Kiv nq : 1) Kswµ‡Ui kw³kvjx wgkÖY e¨envi Kiv 2) Kswµ‡Ui `„pKiY I wKDwis mwVKfv‡e Kiv 3) ÷xj wiBb‡dvm©‡g‡›U ch©vß Kfvwis cÖ`vb Kiv 4) wWdg©W ev UzB‡÷W evi e¨envi Kiv 58) A¨vsK‡iR •`N©¨ : ex‡gi †h we›`y‡Z ‡ewÛs cxo‡bi gvb me©vwaK nq, †mB we›`y‡Z KswµU †_‡Z iW Avjv`v n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| GB mgm¨v Gov‡Z D³ we›`yi `yBcv‡k i‡Wi •`N©¨ h‡_ó cwigvY ewa©Z ivLv

nq| myZivs my`„p e܇bi Rb¨ mv‡cv‡U©i Af¨šÍ‡i †h `yiZ¡ ch©šÍ iW cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq Zv‡K A¨vsK‡iR •`N¨© e‡j| Ges †h c×wZ‡Z GB •`N©¨ †`qv nq Zv‡K A¨vsK‡iR e‡j|  L 

fs D 4 U all

GLv‡b, L  A¨vsK‡iR •`N©¨, cm G D  Uvb i‡Wi e¨vm, cm G f s  i‡Wi Aby‡gv`b†hvM¨ Uvb cxob, kg / cm 2 G

U all  i‡Wi cÖwZ GKK †ÿÎd‡j Aby‡gv`b†hvM¨ eÛ cxob, kg / cm 2 G

59) Av`k© ûK : ‡jvW cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j Avi.wm.wm ex‡gi †fZi wewfbœ iKg cxo‡bi m„wó nq| GmKj cxo‡bi Kvi‡Y KswµU †_‡K iW Avjv`v n‡q †h‡Z Pvq| Avjv`v nevi G cÖeYZv‡K eÜ Kivi Rb¨ cªavb i‡Wi cÖvšÍ‡`k mycwiKwíZ gv‡c evuwK‡q †`Iqv nq| G‡K Av`k© ûK e‡j| 60) Av`k© ûK I †e‡Ûi wPÎ wb‡P †`Iqv nj :

Pr oved  wPÎ n‡Z eÛ cxob  u 

V



0

jd

61) ex‡gi m‡e©v”P Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ eÛ cxob : Uc i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î, W .S .D Method , U all  U .S .D Method , U all 

2.29 f c' D 4.51 f c' D

 24.6 kg / cm 2  39.4 kg / cm 2

Ab¨vb¨ i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î, W .S .D Method , U all  U .S .D Method , U all 

3.23 f c'

 35.2 kg / cm 2

D 6.39 f c' D

 56.2 kg / cm 2

K‡¤úªkb i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î, W .S .D Method , U all 

4.38 f c' D

 28.01 kg / cm 2

GLv‡b, f c'  Kswµ‡Ui m‡e©v‪P Pvc cxob

D  cÖavi i‡Wi e¨vm

62) AvqZvKvi ex‡gi AvbygvwbK cÖ¯
‡”Q` wbY©q : 1) ex‡gi MfxiZv (d ) ex‡gi gy³ ¯ú¨vb •`‡N©¨i (L)

1 1 Ask aiv nq| A_©vr cÖwZ wgUvi  12 10

•`‡N©¨ 8 cm  10 cm aiv nq| 2) ex‡gi cÖ¯
 (b) , MfxiZvi (d )

1 3  Ask aiv nq| 2 4

63) ex‡g e¨eüZ i‡Wi by¨bZg e¨eavb †h mKj wel‡qi Ici wbf©ikxj : 1) ex‡g e¨eûZ wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U Gi e¨v‡mi †P‡q Kg n‡e bv 1 3

2) ex‡g e¨eûZ †Kvm© GwMÖ‡MÖ‡Ui m‡e©v‪P AvKv‡ii 1 ¸Y Gi Kg n‡e bv 3) 25 mm Gi Kg n‡e bv 64) K¨vw›Uwjfvi exg : ‡h mKj ex‡gi GKcÖvšÍ mv‡cv‡U©i mv‡_ Ave× Ges Aci cÖvšÍ gy³ _v‡K Zv‡K K¨vw›Uwjfvi exg e‡j| K¨vw›Uwjfvi ex‡gi cÖwZK…qv ejB m‡e©v‪P wkqvi †dvm© Ges m‡e©v‪P †ewÛs †gv‡g›U mv‡cv‡U© n‡q _v‡K| †gv‡g‡›Ui gvb FbvZ¥K nq e‡j cÖavb wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U Gi gvb memgq ex‡gi Dcwifv‡M †`Iqv nq| 65) SzjšÍ exg : †h mKj ex‡gi GK A_ev Dfq cÖvšÍ mv‡cv‡U©i evB‡i ewa©Z Ae¯
vq _v‡K Zv‡K SzjšÍ exg e‡j| SzjšÍ ex‡g m‡e©v‪P abvZ¥K †gv‡g›U mv‡cvU©Ø‡qi g‡a¨ Ges m‡e©v‪P FbvZ¥K †gv‡g›U wfZ‡ii mv‡cv‡U© n‡q _v‡K| 66) K¨vw›Uwjfvi ev SzjšÍ ex‡gi gy³ cÖvšÍ miæ Kivi KviY : K¨vw›Uwjfvi ex‡gi mv‡cv‡U© †ewÛs †gv‡g‡›Ui gvb me©vwaK Ges gy³ cÖv‡šÍ †ewÛs †gv‡g‡›Ui gvb ïb¨| GRb¨ gy³ cv‡šÍi w`K mv‡cv‡U©i Zzjbvq µgvš^‡q miæ Kiv nq| ACI †KvW Abyhvqx gy³ cÖv‡šÍi MfxiZv Kgc‡ÿ 15 cm ivLv DwPr| 67) K¨vw›Uwjfvi ev SzjšÍ ex‡gi iW KZ©b ev mvkÖqKiY cÖK…qv : K¨vw›Uwjfvi ex‡gi mv‡cv‡U© †ewÛs †gv‡g‡›Ui gvb me©vwaK Ges gy³ cÖv‡šÍ †ewÛs †gv‡g‡›Ui gvb ïb¨| GRb¨ gy³ cv‡šÍi w`K mv‡cv‡U©i Zzjbvq µgvš^‡q miæ Kiv nq Ges i‡Wi cwigvY I Kgv‡bv hvq| K¨vw›Uwjfvi ex‡gi •`N¨i Ici wfwË K‡i i‡Wi cwigvY Kgv‡bv hvq| mv‡cvU© †_‡K wbw`©ó `yiZ¡ ci ci †gv‡g›U wbY©q KiZ i‡Wi cwigvY wbiƒcY Ki‡Z nq| mvaviYZ ex‡gi ¯ú¨vb‡K mgvb `ywU As‡k wef³ Kiv nq| cÖ_g As‡ki Rb¨

mv‡cv‡U©i †gv‡g‡›Ui Ici wfwË K‡i i‡Wi cwigvY wnmve Kiv nq| Ges †kl As‡ki Rb¨ ga¨we›`y‡Z †gv‡g›U wbY©q K‡i i‡Wi cwigvY wnmve Kiv nq| Z‡e cÖvq mKj †ÿ‡ÎB †`Lv hvq †h, cÖ_g As‡k †h cwigvY wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U jv‡M, cieZ©x As‡k Zvi A‡a©K cwigvY i‡Wi cª‡qvRb nq| 68) Ux-exg : hLb exg Ges Gi Dci ¯
vwcZ ¯ø¨ve‡K GK‡Î wWRvBb Kiv nq ZLb H ¯ø¨vewU ex‡gi Ask wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î H As‡k ¯ø¨ve Ges exg‡K GK‡Î XvjvB Kiv nq| GB exg Ges ¯ø¨v‡ei mw¤§wjZ Ask †`L‡Z Bs‡iwR Aÿi Ux Gi gZ ZvB G‡K Ux-exg ejv nq| 69) Ux-exg Gi myweavmgyn : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

Ux-exg Gi MfxiZv Kg weavq K‡ÿi D‪PZv ‡ewk cvIqv hvq exg I ¯ø¨ve GK‡Î XvjvB Kiv nq weavq mgq I LiP Kg jv‡M ¯ø¨v‡ei Ask we‡kl exg wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i weavq KswµU mvkÖq nq K‡ÿ Av‡jv-evZvm †ewk cvIqv hvq Bgvi‡Zi w¯
wZkxjZv e„w× K‡i

70) Ux-ex‡gi Kvh©Kix MfxiZv : abvZ¥K †ewÛs †gv‡g‡›Ui ‡ÿ‡Î I‡q‡e ¯
vwcZ Uvb i‡Wi †K›`ª n‡Z †d¬‡Äi DcwiZj ch©šÍ MfxiZv‡K Ux-ex‡gi Kvh©Kix MfxiZv e‡j| Avi FbvZ¥K †gv‡g‡›Ui ‡ÿ‡Î †d¬‡Ä ¯
vwcZ Uvb i‡Wi †K›`ª n‡Z I‡q‡ei Zj‡`k ch©šÍ `yiZ¡‡K Kvh©Kix MfxiZv e‡j| 71) Ux-ex‡gi I‡q‡ei cÖ¯
 I MfxiZvi AbycvZ : 1 3

1 2

I‡q‡ei cÖ¯
, b  d  d (GLv‡b d - Ux-ex‡gi Kvh©Kix MfxiZv) 72) Ux-ex‡gi †d¬‡Äi we¯Ívi ev PIov wbY©‡qi c×wZ : 1 As‡ki †ewk n‡e bv 4 L) I‡q‡ei †h †Kvb GK cv‡k¦©i SzjšÍ As‡ki we¯Ívi, ¯ø¨v‡ei cyi‡Z¡i 8 ¸‡Yi †ewk n‡ebv| A_©vr, b  16t  b'

K) †d¬‡Äi we¯Ívi (b) ex‡gi ¯ú¨vb •`‡N©¨i (L),

M) I‡q‡ei †h †Kvb GK cv‡k¦©i SzjšÍ As‡ki we¯Ívi, cvkvcvwk `yB ex‡gi gy³ ‣`‡N©¨i A‡a©‡Ki †ewk n‡ebv, A_©vr, b   / 2  b'    b' 1 Ask ev ¯ø¨ve cyi‡Z¡i 6 ¸Y ev 12 L  or , b  t or , b  cieZ©x exg ch©šÍ `yi‡Z¡i A‡a©‡Ki †ewk n‡e bv| A_©vr, b  12 2

N) I‡q‡ei GKw`‡K hw` †d¬Ä _v‡K, Z‡e Gi we¯Ívi exg ¯ú¨v‡bi

O) †h mKj exg Gi †d¬Ä AwZwi³ K‡¤úªwmf †ÿÎdj wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡e, †m‡ÿ‡Î †d¬‡Äi cyiZ¡ I‡q‡ei cÖ‡¯
i †ewk n‡e bv|

1 b' As‡ki Kg n‡ebv| A_©vr, t  Ges †d¬‡Äi we¯Ívi, I‡q‡ei cÖ‡¯
i 4 ¸‡bi 2 2

73) AvqZvKvi exg I Ux-ex‡gi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : AvqZvKvi exg hLb exg Avjv`v fv‡e XvjvB Kiv nq ZLb Zv‡K AvqZvKvi exg e‡j GB exg ¯ø¨ve ev‡` wWRvBb Kiv nq ZvB ex‡gi MfxiZv †ewk nq cÖ¯
‡K MfxiZvi

Ux-exg hLb exg I ¯ø¨ve GK‡Î XvjvB Kiv nq ZLb Zv‡K Ux-exg e‡j exg I ¯ø¨ve GK‡Î wWRvBb Kiv nq ZvB ex‡gi MfxiZv Kg nq

1 3 Gi g‡a¨ ivLv nq  2 4

MfxiZv ‡ewk weavq K‡ÿi D‪PZv Kg cvIqv hvq exg I ¯ø¨ve Avjv`v XvjvB Kiv nq weavq mgq I LiP ‡ewk jv‡M

cÖ¯
‡K MfxiZvi

1 1 Gi g‡a¨ ivLv nq  3 2

MfxiZv Kg weavq K‡ÿi D‪PZv ‡ewk cvIqv hvq exg I ¯ø¨ve GK‡Î XvjvB Kiv nq weavq mgq I LiP Kg jv‡M

74) mvaviYfv‡e ¯
vwcZ Ux-ex‡gi cÖ¯
 I MfxiZv wkqv‡ii wfwˇZ wbiƒcb Kivi KviY : mvaviYfv‡e ¯
vwcZ Ux-ex‡gi †d¬Ä wkqvi cxob cÖwZ‡iva K‡ibv| †KejgvÎ I‡q‡ei cÖ¯
‡‪Q` Øviv wkqvi cxob cÖwZ‡iva nq| mvaviYfv‡e ¯
vwcZ Ux-ex‡gi cÖ¯
 I MfxiZv wkqvi cxob Øviv wbqwš¿Z ZvB mvaviYfv‡e ¯
vwcZ Ux-ex‡gi cÖ¯
 I MfxiZv wkqv‡ii wfwˇZ wbiƒcb Kiv nq| 75) Ux-ex‡gi †gvU Kfvwis AvqZvKvi exg n‡Z †ewk aivi KviY : Ux-ex‡gi I‡q‡ei cÖ¯
 AvqZvKvi ex‡gi Zzjbvq maviYZ Kg nq| d‡j AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB cÖavb iW `yvB mvwi‡Z ¯
vcb Ki‡Z nq| Giƒc †¶‡Î †gvU Kfvwis n‡e, Pvc GjvKvi ewnt¯
 cÖvšÍ n‡Z, `yB mvwi i‡Wi †K›`ª ch©šÍ `yiZ¡| G Kvi‡Y Uxex‡gi †gvU Kfvwis AvqZvKvi exg n‡Z †ewk aiv nq| Kfvwis 6 cm  7 cm aiv nq| 76) iƒcvšÍwiZ †mKkb : iƒcvšÍwiZ †mKkb ex‡gi GKwU KvíwbK †mKkb| ex‡gi †h KvíwbK †mKk‡b †Ubkb †Rv‡b w÷‡ji cwie‡Z© n ¸Y †ÿÎdj wewkó KswµU Kíbv Kiv nq Zv‡K iƒcvšÍwiZ †mKkb e‡j| iƒcvšÍwiZ †mKkb, GLv‡b,

bx 2  n As (d  x) 2

b  ex‡gi cÖ¯
 d  ex‡gi Kvh©Kix MfxiZv As  Uvb i‡Wi cÖ‡¯
‡‪Q`xq †ÿÎdj n  gWzjvi †iwkI x  Pvc GjvKvq ewnt¯
 cÖvšÍ n‡Z wbi‡cÿ Aÿ ch©šÍ `yiZ¡

77) exg Z`šÍ : ex‡gi Ici †jvW cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j m„ó †ewÛs †gv‡g›U Gi wfwˇZ G‡Z D™¢Z Pvc I Uvb cxob wbiƒcb Kiv nq Ges Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ cxo‡bi mv‡_ Zzjbvc~e©K ex‡gi wbixÿv Kiv nq| exg ev KvVv‡gvi G ai‡bi mgm¨vmgyn‡K iƒcvšÍwiZ †mKk‡bi gva¨‡g mgvavb Kiv‡K exg Z`šÍ e‡j| 78) Ux- ex‡gi wbi‡cÿ A‡ÿi Ae¯
vb : bt 2  n As (d  t ) 2 bt 2  n As (d  t ) wbi‡cÿ Aÿ I‡q‡ei g‡a¨ _vK‡j, 2

wbi‡cÿ Aÿ †d¬‡Äi g‡a¨ _vK‡j,

wbi‡cÿ Aÿ †d¬Ä I I‡q‡ei ms‡hvM¯
‡j _vK‡j _vK‡j,

bt 2  n As (d  t ) 2

79) e¨v‡jÝW exg : †h mKj Avi.wm.wm exg‡K Ggbfv‡e wWRvBb Kiv nq †hb Pvc GjvKvi KswµU Gi †ÿÎdj I Uvb GjvKvi ÷xj Gi †ÿÎdj GKB mvwf©m †jv‡W GKB mg‡q c~Y©gvÎvq cxob Drcbœ nq| GB exg‡K e¨vjvÝW exg e‡j| wKš‧ ev¯Í‡e Ggb exg wWRvBb Kiv m¤¢e bq| 80) AvÛvi wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U exg : AvÛvi wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U exg Gi e¨v_©Zv ÷x‡ji `ye©jZvi Kvi‡Y msMwVZ nq e‡j exg e¨_© nevi c~‡e© jÿY †`Lv †`q| †hgb, dvuUj a‡i, Sz‡j c‡i| G mKj ex‡g mylg wWRvB‡bi Zzjbvq Kg msL¨K iW e¨envi Kiv nq e‡j G exg Gi e¨envi ‡ewk|

U.S.D c×wZ‡Z Avi.wm.wm ex‡gi †d¬·vi myÎ 1) ‡KvW Abyhvqx kw³ jNyKiY MyYvsK,  Gi gvb ‡÷ªs_ Gi cÖKvi ‡d¬·vivj, †gv‡g‡›Ui †ÿ‡Î (Aÿxq †Ubkb mn ev Aÿxq †Ubkb ev‡`) Aÿxq K‡¤úªkb, ¯úvBivj wiBb‡dvm©W Kjvg Aÿxq K‡¤úªkb, UvBW Kjvg wkqvi Ges Wvqv‡Mvbvj †Ubkb, A¨vsK‡i‡Ri †ÿ‡Î

‡÷ªs_ jNyKiY ¸YvsK  0.90 0.75 0.75 0.85

GLv‡b, f c'  Kswµ‡Ui m‡e©v‪P Pvc cxob, kg / cm 2 G f y  ÷xj wiBb‡dvm©‡g‡›Ui Bì c‡q›U, kg / cm 2 G As  ex‡gi j¤^vjw¤^ i‡Wi cÖ¯
‡‪Q`xq †ÿÎdj, cm 2 G Es  w÷‡ji w¯
wZ¯
vcK ¸bvsK, kg / cm 2 G, Es  2039000 kg / cm 2 Ec  Kswµ‡Ui w¯
wZ¯
vcK ¸bvsK, kg / cm 2 G, Ec  W 1.5 . 4270 f c' Ec  Kswµ‡Ui w¯
wZ¯
vcK ¸bvsK, lb / inch 2 G, Ec  W 1.5 . 33 f c' d  ex‡gi MfxiZv, cm G f c  ex‡gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i wbi‡c¶ A¶ n‡Z Pvc GjvKvi m‡e©v‪P dvBev‡ii Pvc cxob, kg / cm 2 G

f s  ex‡gi ‣`N©¨ eivei ¯
vwcZ i‡Wi GKK Uvb cxob, kg / cm 2 G W  Unit weight of concrete  2.4 kg / m3 , or  150 lb / ft 3

n = gWzjvi †iwkI, 

Es Ec

b  ex‡gi cÖ¯
, cm G d  ex‡gi Kvh©Kix MfxiZv, cm G| Pvc GjvKvi ewn¯
 we›`y n‡Z j¤^vjw¤^ i‡Wi †K›`ª ch©šÍ `yiZ¡ f av  Kswµ‡Ui Mo Pvc kw³, kg / cm 2 G

c  Pvc GjvKvi m‡e©v‪P we›`y †_‡K wbi‡cÿ Aÿ ch©šÍ `yiZ¡, cm G   Kswµ‡Ui Mo Pvckw³ Ges m‡e©v‪P Pvckw³i AbycvZ   ex‡gi cÖK…Z Pvc cxob wP‡Îi DcwifvM n‡Z Pvc cxo‡bi jwä e‡ji `yi‡Z¡i AbycvZ C  Pvc GjvKvi jwä ej, kg †Z T  Uvb GjvKvi jwä ej, kg †Z Z  jxfvi Avg© M u  ex‡gi m‡e©v‪P †ewÛs †gv‡g›U, kg  cm G M n  ex‡gi m‡e©v‪P ‡bvwgbvj †gv‡g›U kg  cm G   Kswµ‡Ui weK…wZ s  ÷x‡ji weK…wZ

  ÷x‡ji AbycvZ 

As bd

 b  mylg ÷xj AbycvZ a  m‡e©v‪P †jv‡W mgZzj¨ AvqZvKvi cxob-weZiY wP‡Î AvqZvKvi As‡ki MfxiZv 1  cÖK…Z I mgZzj¨ AvqZvKvi cxob MfxiZv؇qi AbycvZ  21   cxob KxeªZvi ¸YvsK| Gi gvb 0.85 †hUv Gi Ici wbf©ikxj   kw³ jNyKiY MyYvsK

Kjvg 1) js Kjvg : Kjv‡gi cÖK…Z •`N©¨ Zvi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i by¨bZg cvk©gv‡ci 10 My‡Yi †ewk n‡j A_ev Kjv‡gi †¯øÛvi‡bm †iwkI 80 Gi †ewk n‡j Zv‡K js Kjvg e‡j| 2) kU© Kjvg : Kjv‡gi cÖK…Z •`N©¨ Zvi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i by¨bZg cvk©gv‡ci 10 My‡Yi Kg n‡j A_ev Kjv‡gi †¯øÛvi‡bm †iwkI 80 Gi Kg n‡j Zv‡K kU© Kjvg e‡j| 3) †¯øÛvi‡bm †iwkI : Kjv‡gi cÖK…Z •`N©¨ Ges by¨bZg †iwWqvm Ae RvB‡ikb Gi AbycvZ‡K †¯øÛvi‡bm †iwkI e‡j| 4) Av`k© Kjvg : hw` GKwU †MvjvKvi cÖ¯
‡‪Q` wewkó miæ, j¤^v, †mvRv Ges mgmZ¡ Kjv‡gi Dfq cÖvšÍ `„pfv‡e mshy³ †_‡K NyY©bÿg nq Z‡e Giæc Kjvg‡K Av`k© Kjvg e‡j| 5) evKwjs ev wµcwjs †jvW : js Kjv‡gi Ici †jvW wa‡i wa‡i e„w× Ki‡Z _vK‡j Ggb GKUv Ae¯
vq Av‡m, hLb KjvgwU evKv n‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i| †h cwigvY †jvW cÖ‡qvM Kivi d‡j KjvgwU evKv n‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i †m †vjvW‡K evKwjs ev wµcwjs †jvW e‡j| 6) Kjv‡gi µvwks †jvW : kU© Kjv‡gi Ici †jvW wa‡i wa‡i e„w× Ki‡Z _vK‡j Ggb GKUv Ae¯
vq Av‡m, hLb G‡Z m‡e©v‪P cxob Drcbœ nq| Gi ci AviI †jvW cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡j KjvgwU µvk n‡q hv‡e| KjvgwUi G Ae¯
vq m‡e©v‪P †jvW‡K µvwks †jvW e‡j| 7) Kjv‡gi wµwUK¨vj †jvW : js Kjv‡gi Ici †jvW wa‡i wa‡i e„w× Ki‡Z _vK‡j Ggb GKUv Ae¯
vq Av‡m, hLb KjvgwU evKv n‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i| A_©vr †jvW cÖ‡qv‡M KjvgwU evKv nevi AvM gyûZ© ch©šÍ KjvgwU m‡e©v‪P †h †jvW wb‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K Kjv‡gi wµwUK¨vj †jvW e‡j| 8) cÖvšÍxq kZ© Abymv‡i Kjv‡gi cÖKvi‡f` Ges cÖK…Z •`‡N©¨i mv‡_ mgZzj¨ •`‡N©¨i m¤úK© : Kjv‡gi cÖvšÍ kZ© Dfq cÖvšÍ wcb hy³ ev wnÄW Dfq cÖvšÍ Ave× GK cÖvšÍ Ave× I GKcÖvšÍ wcbhy³ GKcÖvšÍ Ave× Ges GKcÖvšÍ gy³

cÖK…Z •`‡N©¨i, L mv‡_ mgZzj¨ •`‡N©¨i, l m¤úK© Ll l L 2 l L 2 L  2l

9) BDjvi Gi Kjvg my‡Îi †g․wjK aviYvmgyn : 1) cÖv_wgK Ae¯
vq Kjvg m¤úyY© †mvRv Ges Zvi Aÿ eivei †jvW cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡e| 2) Kjv‡gi •`M©¨ eivei GKB cÖ¯
‡‪Q` _vK‡e 3) Kjv‡g e¨eüZ c`v_© m¤úyY©iæ‡c w¯
wZ¯
vcK, mgmË Ges mg¸Y m¤úbœ n‡e| d‡j û‡Ki myÎ †g‡b Pj‡e| 4) Kjv‡gi •`N©¨ Zvi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i AvKv‡ii Zzjbvq A‡bK eo n‡e| 5) cÖZ¨ÿ PvcRwbZ Kvi‡Y Kjv‡gi ms‡KvPb‡K we‡ewPZ Kiv n‡ebv 6) †KejgvÎ eµZvi Kvi‡Y Kjvg e¨_© n‡e|

10) †iwWqvm Ae RvB‡ikb : GKK †ÿ‡Îi †gv‡g›U Ae Bbvwk©qvi eM©gyj‡K †iwWqvm Ae RvB‡ikb e‡j|  r 

I A

11) wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U Gi e¨envi Abyhvqx Kjv‡gi cÖKvi‡f` : 1) UvBW Kjvg : K) G Kjvg¸‡jvi AvK…wZ AvqZvKvi ev eM©vKvi| L) G Kjv‡g min . 4 16mm dia iW e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e| M) G Kjv‡g cÖavb iW¸‡jv‡K evavi Rb¨ 6  12mm dia UvB iW e¨envi Kiv nq| N) G Kjv‡gi by¨bZg Kfvwis 37.5 mm O) G Kjv‡gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i †ÿÎdj I ÷x‡ji cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i †ÿÎd‡ji AbycvZ 0.01  0.08 2) ¯úvBivj Kjvg : K) G Kjvg¸‡jvi AvK…wZ e„ËvKvi| L) G Kjv‡g min . 6 16mm dia iW e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e| M) G Kjv‡g cÖavb iW¸‡jv‡K evavi Rb¨ 6  12mm dia ¯úvBivj wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq| N) G Kjv‡gi by¨bZg Kfvwis 37.5 mm O) G Kjv‡gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i †ÿÎdj I ÷x‡ji cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i †ÿÎd‡ji AbycvZ 0.01  0.08 P) G Kjv‡gi †fZ‡ii cÖavY i‡Wi gv‡Si Ask‡K †Kvi ejv nq Q) G Kjv‡gi fvienb ÿgZv UvBW Kjvg †_‡K 15% †ewk| 3) K‡¤úwRU Kjvg : AwaK Pvcv †jvW enb Kivi Rb¨ Ges msMZ Kvi‡Y Kjv‡gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q` †QvU ivLvi Rb¨ G Kjvg wWRvBb Kiv nq| UvBW ev ¯úvBivj Kjv‡gi †fZi Kvó Avqi‡Yi ÷ªvKPvivj R‡qó e¨envi K‡i K‡¤úvwRU Kjvg ‣Zwi Kiv nq| 4) Kw¤^‡bkb Kjvg : ÷ªvKPvivj w÷j Kjv‡gi Pvicv‡k Kgc‡ÿ 6.25 †mwg cyiæ‡Z¡i KswµU XvjvB K‡i G Kjvg wbg©vY Kiv nq| Kjv‡gi Pvicv‡ki Kswµ‡Ui kw³ e„w× Kivi Rb¨ evwn‡ii w`K n‡Z 2.5 †mwg wfZ‡i Zv‡ii Rvwj wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq| 5) cvBc Kjvg : ‡h mKj †ÿ‡Î Av‡ivwcZ †jv‡Wi cwigvY Kg, †m †ÿ‡Î w÷j Kjv‡gi †fZi KswµU cyY© K‡i G Kjvg •Zwi Kiv nq| 12) wiWvKkb d¨v±i : GwmAvB †KvW Abyhvqx eZ©gv‡b Kjv‡gi •`N©¨ we‡ePbvKiv nq bv| Kjv‡gi wWRvBb I Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ †jvW wbY©‡qi Rb¨ Kjvg †mKk‡b Aby‡gvw`Z Aÿxq †jvW enb ÿgZv‡K GKwU d¨v±i Øviv ¸Y Kiv nq| G‡K wiWvKkb d¨v±i e‡j| h    R  1.07  0.008 e   1 r  

GLv‡b, Kjv‡gi Kvh©Kix •`N©¨, he ‡iwWqvm Ae RvB‡ikb, r AvqZvKvi ev eM©vKvi Kjv‡gi †ÿ‡Î, r  0.30  Kjv‡gi cvk©¦gvc e„ËvKvi Kjv‡gi †ÿ‡Î, r  0.25  Kjv‡gi e¨vm

13) UvBW Kjv‡g UvB i‡Wi e¨eavb : 1) 16  cÖavb i‡Wi e¨vm 2) 48  UvB i‡Wi e¨vm 3) Kjv‡gi by¨bZg cvk¦©gvc Gi †ewk n‡ebv 14) ¯úvBivj Kjv‡g wcP `yiZ¡ : 1) †K›`ª †_‡K †K›`ª `yiZ¡

1  ‡Kvi e¨v‡mi AwaK bq 6

2) gy³ e¨eavb 7.5 †mwg Gi †ewk bq ev 3.5 †mwg Gi Kg bq 3) gy³ e¨eavb 1.5  m‡e©v‪P gv‡ci ‡Lvqvi AvKv‡ii Kg bq 15) Kjv‡gi Kvh©Kix •`N©¨ : KvVv‡gvi Kjvgmgyn‡K Dj¤^ †jv‡Wi cvkvcvwk cvk¦©¯
 †jvW I enb Ki‡Z nq| †`qvj ev Ab¨b¨ †eªwms e¨wZ‡i‡L hw` exg Gfs Kjvg‡KB mKj †jvW enb Ki‡Z nq Z‡e Kjvg G evKwjs †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| G Kvi‡Y wWRvB‡bi mgq Kjv‡gi •`N©¨‡K Zvi cÖK…Z ‣`N©¨ n‡Z wKQzUv eo ivLv nq| G‡K Kjv‡gi Kvh©Kix •`N©¨ e‡j| 16) Kjv‡gi Kvh©Kix •`N©¨ †h mKj wel‡qi Dci wbf©ikxj : Kjv‡gi cÖv‡šÍi •ewkó¨ A_©vr GK cÖv‡šÍi NyY©b cÖwZ‡ivaK gvÎvi Dci Kvh©Kix •`‡N©¨i cwigvY wbf©i K‡i| Avevi GKB R‡q‡›U GKvwaK Kjvg I ex‡gi ms‡hvM N‡U| ZvB Kjv‡gi Kvh©Kix •`N©¨ mKj Kjv‡gi w÷d‡bm Gi †hvMdj Ges mKj exg w÷d‡bm Gi †hvMd‡ji Abycv‡Zi Dci wbf©i K‡i| 17) Kjv‡g UvB iW e¨envi Kivi KviY : Kjv‡gi Lvov iW¸‡jv Kswµ‡Ui mv‡_ GK‡Î Pvcv †jvW enb K‡i| D³ Lvov iW¸‡jv‡K h_v¯
v‡b a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ Ges iW¸‡jvi ewngy©Lx m¤úªmviY †iva ev evuKv nIqv †iva Kivi Rb¨ Kjv‡g wbw`©ó `yiZ¡ cici UvB iW e¨envi Kiv nq| 18) GKB †mKk‡bi js Kjvg A‡cÿv kU© Kjv‡gi †jvW enb ÿgZv †ewk nevi KviY : ‡¯øÛvi‡bm †iwkI Gi Dci wbf©i K‡i Kjv‡gi •`N©¨ we‡ePbv Kiv nq| Kjv‡gi †¯øÛvi‡bm †iwkI Gi gvb hZB evo‡Z _v‡K Kjv‡gi fvienb ÿgZv ZZB Kg‡Z _v‡K| Ges †jvW e„ w×i Kvi‡Y KjvgwU †e‡K hvq| GRb¨ GKB †mKk‡bi js Kjvg A‡cÿv kU© Kjv‡gi †jvW enb ÿgZv †ewk| 19) Kjv‡gi gy³ •`N©¨ : Kjv‡gi gy³ •`N©¨ ej‡Z †g‡S n‡Z wmwjs ch©šÍ `yiZ¡‡K eySvq| 20) GKB cwigv‡ci Kvh©Kix •`‡N©¨i Kjv‡gi †ÿ‡Î eM©vKvi †mKk‡bi Zzjvbvq AvqZvKvi ‡mKk‡bi Kjv‡gi †jvW enb ÿgZv Kg nevi KviY : GKB cwigv‡ci Kvh©Kix •`‡N©¨i Kjv‡gi †ÿ‡Î eM©vKvi †mKk‡bi Zzjvbvq AvqZvKvi ‡mKk‡bi Kjv‡gi by¨bZg cvk©¦gvc †ewÛs Gi w`‡K †QvU n‡q _v‡K| hvi d‡j eN©vKvi †mKk‡b †iwWqvm Ae RvB‡ik‡bi gvb eM©vKvi Kjv‡g †ewk nq Ges wiWvKkb d¨v±‡ii gvb Kg nq| GRb¨ GKB cwigv‡ci Kvh©Kix •`‡N©¨i Kjv‡gi †ÿ‡Î eM©vKvi †mKk‡bi Zzjvbvq AvqZvKvi ‡mKk‡bi Kjv‡gi †jvW enb ÿgZv Kg nq|

wmuwo (Stair) 1) wmuwo I wmuwo Ni : `vjv‡bi GKZjv †_‡K Ab¨ Zjvq ev GK †g‡S †_‡K Ab¨ †g‡S‡Z hvIqvi Rb¨ KZK¸‡jv av‡ci mvnv‡h¨ †h c_ wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K wmwuo e‡j| Avi G wmuwo `vjv‡bi †h RvqMv‡Z _v‡K Zv‡K wmuwo Ni ev †÷qvi †Km e‡j| 2) wmuwo‡Z e¨eüZ wKQz kã : ‡UªW : wmuwo †e‡q IVvbvgv Kivi Rb¨ wmuwoi †h mgZ‡j cv ivLv nq Zv‡K †UªW e‡j| ivBR : `ywU av‡ci gv‡S j¤^ `yiZ¡‡K ivBR e‡j| ivBRvi : `ywU av‡ci gv‡S j¤^ †h Ask avc `ywUi mv‡_ ms‡hvM †`qv _v‡K Zv‡K ivBRvi e‡j| j¨vwÛs : wmuwo †e‡q DVvbvgv Kivi mgq w`K cwieZ©b Ges ga¨eZ©x wekÖv‡gi Rb¨ `ywU d¬vB‡Ui gv‡S †h cøvUdig •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K j¨vwÛs e‡j| †bvwRs : A‡bK mgq wmuwoi av‡ci mvg‡bi Ask‡K ivBRvi †_‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K wKQzUv bv‡Ki gZ ewa©Z Kiv nq| G‡K †bvwRs e‡j| d¬vBU : cici `ywU j¨vwÛs Gi gv‡S GKmvwi avc †K d¬vBU e‡j| mwdU : wmuwoi wb¤œZj‡K mwdU e‡j n¨vÛ †iBj : wmuwo n‡Z c‡o hvIqv iÿv K‡i †iBwjs| G †iBwjs Gi gv_vq Kv‡Vi, avZe ev XvjvB hy³ †h Zxh©K †iBj Ave× K‡i e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K n¨vÛ †iBj e‡j| 3) ‡nWiæg : ‡UªW Ges wmwjs Gi ga¨eZ©x wK¬qvi fvwU©‡Kj `yiZ¡‡K †nWiæg e‡j| wmuwo w`‡q DVvbvgv Kivi mgq hv‡Z mwdU gv_vi mv‡_ bv †V‡K, †mw`‡K †Lqvi †i‡L †nWiæg wVK Kiv nq| mvavibZ †nWiæg Gi D‪PZv 2.1 - 2.3 wgUvi nIqv DwPZ| 4) Av`k© wmuwoi •ewkó¨ : Ae¯
vb :- `vjv‡bi †h ¯
v‡b †ewk Av‡jv evZvm cvIqv hvq, wmuwoi Ae¯
vb †mLv‡b nIqv DwPZ AvevwmK `vjv‡bi ‡¶‡Î evwoi gv‡S Ges cvewjK `vjv‡bi Rb¨ iv¯Ívi av‡i nIqv DwPZ wmuwoi cÖ¯
 :- evm¯
v‡bi Rb¨ wmuwoi cÖ¯
 90 †mwg Ges cvewjK `vjv‡bi Rb¨ 1.5-1.8 wgUvi n‡e d¬vB‡Ui •`N©¨ :- DVvbvgvi myweavi Rb¨ cÖwZwU d¬vB‡U avc msL¨v n‡e, 10-12 wU wmuwoi Xvj :- wmuwoi Xvj n‡e 30-45 wWMÖx ‡nWiæg :- gvjvgv‡ji DVv‡bv bvgv‡bvi myweavi Rb¨ †nWiæ‡gi D‪PZv n‡e, 2.1-2.3 wgUvi j¨vwÛs :- j¨vwÛs Gi PIov Kgc‡¶ wmuwoi d¬vB‡Ui PIovi mgvb n‡e 5) ‡UªW I ivBRv‡ii gv‡S m¤úK© : †UªW Ges `ywU ivBRv‡ii mgwó 56 n‡Z 61 Gi g‡a¨ n‡e †UªW + ( 2  ivBR) = 60 cm

‡hgb : 1) 30  (2  15)  60 cm

2) 27  (2  16.5)  60 cm

3) 25  (2  17.5)  60 cm

†UªW Ges ivBRv‡ii ¸Ydj 400 n‡Z 450 Gi g‡a¨ n‡e †UªW  ivBR = 400  450 cm 2 ‡hgb : 1) 30  15  450 cm 2

2) 27.5  16  440 cm 2

3) 25  17.5  437.5 cm 2 †UªW Ges ivBRv‡ii mgwó 40 n‡Z 45 Gi g‡a¨ n‡e †UªW + ivBR = 40  45 cm

‡hgb : 1) 30  15  45 cm

2) 27.5  16  43.5 cm

3) 25  17.5  42.5 cm

6) GKgyLx wmwo : G mg¯Í wmwoi avc¸‡jv GKw`‡K _v‡K A_©vr wmwoi avc¸‡jv GKgyLx| G wmwoi avc¸‡jv `vjv‡bi GKZvjv n‡Z Ab¨ Zjv‡Z GKB fv‡e D‡V hvq| G wmwo‡Z †Kvb w`K cwieZ©b Ki‡Z nqbv| †hmKj RvqMv‡Z wmwo wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ ch©vß RvqMv cvIqv hvqbv, †mLv‡b G RvZxq wmwo wbg©vY Kiv nq| 7) WM-‡jMW wmwo : G cÖKvi wmwo mvaviYZ `ywU GKgyLx wmwo Ges G‡`i MwZgyL ci¯ú‡ii wecixZ| GK d¬vBU †_‡K Ab¨ d¬vB‡U †h‡Z 180 wWMÖx †Kv‡Y w`K cwieZ©b Ki‡Z nq| AvevwmK `vjv‡b G wmwoi cÖPjb †ewk| 8) I‡cb wbD‡qj wmwo : hLb GKB wmwoN‡i wmwoi cvkvcvwk wjdU ¯
vcb Kivi cÖ‡qvRb nq ZLb G wmwo wbg©vY Kiv nq| wjdU ¯
vc‡bi Rb¨ AvqZvKvi Ask †i‡L Gi Pvicvk w`‡q Nywi‡q d¬vBU wbg©vY Kiv nq| cÖwZwU d¬vB‡Ui w`K cwieZ©‡bi mgq j¨vwÛs Gi RvqMv ivLv nq| mvaviYZ cvewjs wewìs, wm‡bgv nj BZ¨vw`‡Z G RvZxq wmwo e¨envi Kiv nq| 9) e„ËvKvi wmwo : G cÖKvi wmwo mvaviYZ GKwU †Kw›`ªq wbD‡qj †cv‡÷i Pviw`‡K Ny‡i Ny‡i Awew‪Qbœfv‡e Dc‡i D‡V hvq| G RvZxq wmwo gyj wmwo wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nqbv| gyj fe‡bi wcQ‡bi wmwo, wkíKviLvbvq, gmwR‡`i wgbv‡i G RvZxq wmwo e¨envi Kiv nq| 10) ivBRvi I †Uª‡Wi gv‡S m¤úK© : K) Av‡gwiKvb †KvW Abyhvqx : Trade  Riser  44 cm Trade  Riser  400  450 cm

L) BwÛqvb ‡KvW Abyhvqx : Trade  (2  Riser )  60 cm Trade  Riser  400  420 cm

11) I‡qó ¯ø¨ve : cici `ywU j¨vwÛs Gi ga¨eZ©x GKmvwi avc‡K d¬vBU e‡j| Avi G GKmvwi avc Zxh©K †h ¯ø¨v‡ei Dci Ae¯
vb K‡i Zv‡K I‡qó ¯ø¨ve e‡j|

wfwË ev eywbqv` 1) wfwË : KvVv‡gvi †h me©wb¤œ¯
 Ask gvwUi ms¯ú‡k© †_‡K KvVv‡gvi fvi gvwUi Dci Ac©Y K‡i Zv‡K wfwË e‡j| 2) wfwË Zj : we‡klfv‡e ‣Zwi dvD‡Ûk‡bi wb¤œ¯
 k³ fzwgZj‡K wfwË Zj ev dvD‡Ûkb †eW e‡j| 3) AMfxi wfwË : †h mg¯Í wfwËi MfxiZv Zvi cÖ‡¯
i Zzjbvq Kg Zv‡K AMfxi wfwË e‡j| †hgb :K) ‡¯úªW dzwUs : G RvZxq wfwËi †ÿ‡Î wfwËi †eR‡K av‡c av‡c cÖk¯Í Kiv nq Ges KvVv‡gvi IRb‡K e„nËi GjvKvq e›Ub Kiv nq| L) ÷ªvc dzwUs : `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK Kjvg dzwUs †K GKwU exg Øviv hy³ K‡i †h dzwUs •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K ÷ªvc dzwUs e‡j| M) K¤^vBÛ dzwUs : hLb KZK¸‡jv Kjvg †K GKwU gvÎ dzwUs Øviv hy³ Kiv nq ZLb Zv‡K K¤^vBÛ dzwUs e‡j| wb¤œwjwLZ Ae¯
v&q K¤^vBÛ dzwUs ‣Zwi Kiv nq:1) gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv Kg n‡j Ges mZš¿ Kjv‡gi Rb¨ †ewk RvqMvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j 2) `ywU Kjvg Lye KvQvKvwQ Ae¯
vb Ki‡j Ges G‡`i dzwUs G‡K Aci‡K Ifvij¨vc Ki‡j 3) Kjv‡gi cÖvšÍ mxgvbv †iLvq ci‡j A_©vr dzwUs‡K evwn‡i ewa©Z Kivi RvqMv bv †c‡j

N) g¨vU ev i¨vdU wfwË : hLb KvVv‡gvi mg¯Í Kjvg‡K GKwUgvÎ dzwUs Øviv mshy³ Kiv nq A_©vr KvVv‡gvi mg¯Í RvqMv Ry‡o †h dzwUs •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K g¨vU wfwË e‡j| `ye©j AvjMv gvwU n‡j, fivU gvwU n‡j ev gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv Kg n‡j G wfwË •Zwi Kiv nq|

4) Mfxi wfwË : hLb wfwËi MfxiZv Zvi cÖ‡¯
i wظY nq ZLb Zv‡K Mfxi wfwË e‡j| †hgb : K) cvBj wfwË : ÷xj, KswµU ev Kv‡Vi miæ ÷ªvKPvivj †g¤^vi‡K cvBj e‡j| cvBj †K gvwUi Af¨šÍ‡i AvNZ K‡i emv‡bv nq A_ev Kvh©¯
‡j XvjvB Kiv nq| †hLv‡b wbw`©ó MfxiZv ch©šÍ gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv ‡mLv‡b cvBj wfwË e¨envi Kiv nq| L) †KBmb : KvV, w÷j A_ev Avi.wm.wm KswµU Øviv wbwg©Z AvqZvKvi A_ev e„ËvKvi cvwb‡ivax KvVv‡gv‡K †KBmb e‡j| M) Kdvi W¨vg : b`x, Rjvfzgx BZ¨vw` GjvKvq wbg©vY KvR PjvKv‡j cvwb cÖ‡e‡k evav cÖ`vb Kivi Rb¨ †h A¯
vqx KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K Kdvi W¨vg e‡j| 5) wfwËi MfxiZv wbY©‡q cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix welqmg~n nj : 1) Uc m‡q‡ji MfxiZv 4) IqvUvi †Uwej 7) ¯‥vDi †Wc_

2) d«÷ †Wc_ 5) Xvj~ Rwg 8) fzwb¤œ¯
 ÎwUmg~n

3) gvwUi AvqZb cwieZ©b GivKv 6) cvk¦©eZ©x dzwUs Gi mxgvbv †iLv 9) wkK‡oi MZ©

6) wfwËi MfxiZv wbY©‡q i¨vswK‡bi myÎ : P 1  sin   D min    W 1  sin  

2

GLv‡b, P = †eB‡Ri Ici wbivc` fvienb ÿgZv (kg / m2 ) W = gvwUi GKK IRb (kg / m3 )   gvwUi w¯
iZv †KvY 7) Dchy³ wfwË wbe©vP‡b †h mKj welq we‡ePbv Kiv nq : 1) KvVv‡gvi KvR Ges aiY Abyhvqx KnbK…Z †jv‡Wi cwigvY 2) gvwU Af¨šÍixY Ae¯
v 3) mycvi ÷ªvKPvi I wfwËi wbg©vY e¨‡qi Zzjbv 8) wfwË wWRvB‡b †h mKj †jvW we‡ePbv Kiv nq : 1) wbðj fi 6) cvwbi Pvc

2) mPj fi 8) fzK¤úb ej

3) DBÛ †jvW

4) Zzlvi †jvW

5) gvwUi Pvc

9) wfwËi emb : wbwg©Ze¨ KvVv‡gv †jvW cÖ‡qvM Kivq wfwËi wb‡Pi gvwUi msKzwPZ n‡j wfwË Lvovfv‡e wb‡Pi w`‡K †W‡e ev e‡m hvIqv‡K emb (Settlement) e‡j| 10) cvwÂs wkqvi : ACI ‡KvW Abyhvqx ¯^Zš¿ Kjvg dzwUs Gi †ÿ‡Î Kjv‡gi †d‡mi Pvwiw`‡K d/2

`yi‡Z¡ †h wµwUK¨vj †mKkb we‡ePbv Kiv nq, Zvi mv‡c‡ÿ †jvW wnmve KiZ †h wkqvi cxob we‡ePbv Kiv nq Zv‡K cvwÂs wkqvi e‡j|

11) ‡¯øvcW dzwUs wWRvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ : ¯^Zš¿ Kjvg dzwUs Gi MfxiZv †ewÛs †gv‡g›U, wkqvi Ges cvwÂs wkqvi Øviv wbqwš¿Z nq| Kjvg dzwUs G m‡e©v‪P †ewÛs †gv‡g›U Drcbœ n‡q Kjv‡gi c„ô eivei †mKk‡b Ges †gv‡g›U Gi gvb Kg‡Z Kg‡Z dzwUs Gi wKbvivq ïb¨ nq| GKB fv‡e wkqvi †dv‡m©i gvb dzwUs Gi wKbvivq kyb¨| ZvB wkqi Ges †gv‡g›U Gi mv‡c‡ÿ hw` dzwUs Gi MfxiZv cÖ`vb Kiv nq Z‡e wbg©vY mvgMªx mvkÖq nq| GRb¨ †¯øvcW dzwUs wWRvBb Kiv nq| 12) dywUs wWRvB‡bi †ÿ‡Î †gv‡g›U Gi Rb¨ wµwUK¨vj †mKkb : KswµU Iqvj dzwUs wWRvB‡bi †ÿ‡Î ‡gv‡g›U Gi Rb¨ wµwUK¨vj †mKkb ej‡Z Iqv‡ji MvÎ eivei j¤^vjw¤^ †mKkb‡K eySvq| B‡Ui Iqvj dzwUs Gi †ÿ‡Î †gv‡g›U Gi Rb¨ wµwUK¨vj †mKkb ej‡Z †`qv‡ji MvÎ ‡_‡K †`qvj cyiæZ¡, a Gi PZz_©vsk A_©vr wfZ‡ii a/4 †mKkb‡K eySvq| 13) KswµU Iqvj dzwUs Gi Rb¨ †gv‡g›U, wkqvi I e‡Ûi wµwUK¨vj †mKk‡bi wPÎ :

14) B‡Ui Iqvj dzwUs Gi Rb¨ †gv‡g›U, wkqvi I e‡Ûi wµwUK¨vj †mKk‡bi wPÎ :

15) mycvi Bg‡cvRW †jvW Gi Rb¨ Iqvj dzwUs Gi PIov : ‡gvU †jvW, W = mycvi Bg‡cvRW ‡jvW + dzwUs Gi wbR¯^ IRb(mycvi Bg‡cvRW †jvW Gi 4%-10%) gvwUi wbivc` fvienb ÿgZv = P, kg / m 2 dzwUs Gi ‡ÿÎdj, A  dzwUs Gi PIov, L 

W P

A wgUvi 1m

16) Iqvj dzwUs wWRvB‡bi we‡eP¨ welqmgyn : 1) †`qv‡ji •`N©¨ hvB †nvK bv †Kb, wWRvB‡bi Rb¨, ‣`N©¨ eivei 1 wgUvi dvwj we‡ePbv Kiv nq| 2) dzwUs Gi PIov wbY©‡qi Rb¨ Av‡ivwcZ †jv‡Wi mv‡_ dzwUs Gi wbR¯^ IRb ai‡Z n‡e| 3) Dëv‡bv K¨vw›Uwjfvi ex‡gi ¯ú¨vb n‡e,

La 2

4) wµwUK¨vj †mKkbmgyn wbqgAbyhvqx ai‡Z n‡e| 5) cÖavb †UbmvBj wiBb‡dvm©‡g›U dzwUs Gi •`‡N©¨i mv‡_ mg‡Kv‡Y ai‡Z n‡e| 6) Kfvwis Kgc‡ÿ 7.5 †mwg cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| 7) Iqv‡ji •`N©¨ eivei Ges cÖavY i‡Wi mv‡_ mg‡Kv‡Y ‡U¤úv‡iPvi iW e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e| 17) Avi.wm.wm Kjvg dzwUs Gi wµwUK¨vj †mKkb mgyn :

18) Avi.wm.wm Kjvg dzwUs e¨v_© nevi KviYmg~n :    

Kjvg Ges Kjv‡gi †eB‡Ri g‡a¨ cvwÂs wkqvi Drcbœ n‡j| dzwUs Gi iW Ges Kswµ‡Ui g‡a¨ eÛ bó nevi Kvi‡Y| KswµU dzwUs G Wvqv‡Mvbvj wkqvi Drcbœ n‡j| KswµU dzwUs Gi ewa©Zvsk †ewÛs Øviv ¶wZMÖ¯
 n‡j|

evua I Gge¨vK‡g›U 1) evua : cvwbi †mªvZ‡K evuav †`qvi Rb¨ b`x ev †Kvb †mªvZw¯^bx‡Z AvovAvwofv‡e ‡h †`Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K evua e‡j| GUv gvwUi A_ev Avi.wm.wm Gi •Zwi n‡Z cv‡i| 2) Gge¨vK‡g›U : eb¨v ev el©vi †g․my‡g b`x ev †mªvZw¯^bxi DcPv‡bv n‡Z DcKzjxq GjvKv i¶v Kivi Rb¨ b`xi `yÕZxi n‡Z wbivc` `yi‡Z¡ b`xi mgvšÍiv‡j evua wbgv©Y Kiv nq Zv‡K Gge¨vK‡g›U ev WvBK ev †jfx e‡j| 3) cv_y‡o G‡cÖvb : Gge¨vK‡g›U ‡K i¶v Kivi Rb¨ b`xi wfZ‡ii w`‡Ki Xv‡j cv_‡oi Av‪Qv`b _v‡K Ges evu‡ai wKbviv n‡Z b`xi w`‡K wKQyUv AvjMv cv_o emv‡bv _v‡K| G‡K cv_y‡o G‡cÖvb e‡j| 4) W¨vg Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv : 1) W¨v‡gi DRv‡b Rgv‡bv cvwb Øviv ï®‥ ‡g․my‡g Rwg‡Z †mPKvh© cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ 2) W¨v‡gi DRv‡b Rgv‡bv cvwb Øviv Kg Li‡P we`y¨Z Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ 3) W¨v‡gi DRv‡b Rgv‡bv cvwb‡Z gvQ Pv‡li Rb¨ 4) cvnvwo Xvj n‡Z Mwi‡q civ cvwb Øviv m„ó eb¨v‡K evua Øviv AvU‡K wbqwš¿Zfv‡e ¯øyBP †MU Øviv AvU‡K fvwU GjvKv‡K i¶v Kivi Rb¨ 5) W¨vg‡K b`x cvivcv‡ii Rb¨ moK wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv 5) gvwUi evua Gi GjvBb‡g›U wbe©vP‡b we‡eP¨ welq mg~n : 1) †hLv‡b wfwˇZ †Kvb cv_y‡o RvZxq †Kvb wKQyi Dcw¯
wZ bvB A_P fvj k³ gvwU cvIqv hvq 2) ‡hLv‡b evu‡ai D‪PZv †ewk n‡ebv 3) ‡hLv‡b gvwUi eva wbg©v‡Yi cÖv_wgK LiP Kg n‡e 4) ‡hLv‡b A`¶ kªwgK cÖPzi cwigv‡Y cvIqv hvq 5) ‡hLv‡b cvuKv evua wbg©v‡bi mvgMÖx AcÖZzj wKšÍ fvj gvwU wbK‡UB cvIqv hvq 6) ‡hLv‡b b`xi Xvj Lye Lvov bq 7) ‡hLv‡b e„wócv‡Zi cwigvY Kg 8) ‡hLv‡b b`xi cÖ¯
 Kg 9) ‡hLv‡b evu‡ai Ici w`‡q cvwb cÖevwnZ n‡Z †`Iqv hv‡ebv 10) ‡hLv‡b evu‡ai wbivcËvi Rb¨ c„_K ¯
v‡b w¯újI‡q wbg©v‡Yi e¨e¯
v _vK‡e 11) ‡hLv‡b evu‡ai †fZi w`‡q wbM©gb c‡_i `iKvi n‡ebv 12) fwel¨‡Z gvwUi iv¯Ívi m¤cÖmvi‡bi Rb¨ ch©vß RvqMv cvIqv hv‡e 6) wd«-†evW© : cvwb mgZj †_‡K evu‡ai Dcwi c„ô ch©šÍ Lvov `yiZ¡‡K wd«-†evW© e‡j 8) ‡Kvi Iqvj : cvwb PzB‡q hv‡Z wfZ‡ cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z bv cv‡i. †mRb¨ evu‡ai ga¨ eivei evwj ev B‡Ui †h †`Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K †Kvi Iqvj e‡j| GB Iqv‡ji D‪PZv m‡e©v‪P eb¨v mxgv ch©šÍ ivLv nq 9) KvU Ae †UªÂ : evu‡ai ‡K›`ªxq †iLv eivei †Kvi Iqvj wbg©vY Ki‡Z †h MZ© Lbb Kiv nq, H M‡Z©i g‡a¨ cvwb Pzqv‡bv cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z KvU Ae †UªÂ Kiv nq| GUv †h Kvi‡Y Kivi nq Zv nj : 1) GevU‡g›U I wfwËi ga¨ w`‡q G‡m Rgv nIqv cvwbi cwigvY n«vm Kiv 2) cvBc Øviv mve mvi‡d‡mi ¶q nIqv cÖwZ‡iva Kiv

10) evua I Gge¨vK‡g›U Gi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : cv_©‡K¨i w`K Ae¯
vb cÖavb KvR wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx ¯
vb

evua b`xi AvovAvwo DRv‡b cvwb AvUwK‡q Rjvavi m„wó Kiv b`xi msKxY© cÖ¯
 eivei

wbg©v‡Yi mvgMÖx Dc‡hvMxZvi Kvj b`xi Zj‡`‡ki Ici cÖfve eb¨vi Ici cÖfve ‣`N©¨

gvwU/g¨vmbix/ KswµU cy‡iv ¯
vqxZ¡Kvj cwj c‡i Zj‡`k fivU nq DRv‡b eb¨v m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i b`xi cÖ‡¯
i mgvb

Gge¨vK‡g›U b`xi Zx‡i b`xi mgvšÍiv‡j b`x‡K ¯^xq MwZc‡_ Pj‡Z eva¨ Kiv b`xi fvwU A‡j ev kni msjMœ b`xi cv‡i mvaviYZ gvwU mvaviYZ eb¨vi mgq ‡mªv‡Zi Kvi‡Y Zj‡`k ¶q nq eb¨vi cÖ‡Kvc n«vm K‡i cÖ‡qvRb †gvZv‡eK ‣`N©¨ n‡e

11) MÖvwfwU W¨vg : ‡h W¨vg Zvi wbR¯^ IRb Øviv cvwb ev Ab¨ †Kvb Zij c`v‡_©i cvk©¦Pvc cÖwZnZ K‡i Zv‡K MÖvwfwU W¨vg e‡j| 12) ga¨-Z…Zxqvsk myÎ : W¨v‡gi AvKvi AvK…wZ Ggb nIqv DwPr hv‡Z cvwbi cvk¦©Pvc Ges W¨v‡gi IRb Gi jwä ej W¨v‡gi †eB‡Ri ga¨‡iLv eivei †Q` K‡i| W¨v‡gi Zj‡`‡ki cÖ¯
‡K mgvb wZbwU As‡k wef³ Ki‡j gv‡Si Ask‡K ga¨ Z…Zxqvsk e‡j| jwä ej hw` W¨vg †eB‡Ri ga¨ Z…Zxqvsk w`‡q AwZµg K‡i Z‡e †eB‡Ri m‡e©v‪P cxob MÖnY‡hvM¨ ch©v‡q _vK‡e A_©vr W¨v‡gi Amg emb n‡ebv| †eBR Uvb cxob wenxb n‡e Ges W¨vgwU D‡ë covi m¤¢vebv n‡ebv| GUvB ga¨-Z…ZxqAvsk myÎ| 13) W¨v‡gi w¯
wZwkjZvi myÎ : 1) W¨v‡gi †eBP Uvb cxob wenxb n‡e 2) W¨vgwU D‡ë covi cÖeYZv gy³ n‡e 3) W¨vgwU wcQ‡j hvIqvi cÖeYZv gy³ n‡e 4) W¨v‡gi Mv_yYx Af½yi n‡e 5) W¨v‡gi Mv_ybx cvwb wb‡ivaK n‡e 14) we‡Kw›`ªK `yiZ¡ : W¨vg Gi wbR¯^ IRb I cvk¦©Pv‡ci jwä e‡ji †Q`we›`y Ges Iqvj †eB‡Ri ga¨ we›`y ch©šÍ `yiZ¡‡K we‡Kw›`ªK `yiZ¡ e‡j| 15) WvBK : eb¨v ev R‡jv‪Q¡v‡mi nvZ n‡Z b`xi cvi‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ b`xi GK ev Dfq Zx‡i wbw`©ó `yi‡Z¡ b`xi mgvšÍiv‡j †h eva wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K WvBK e‡j| 16) w¯újI‡q : Rjvav‡ii ev‡ai wbivcËvi Rb¨ ev‡ai DRvb GjvKvi AwZwi³ cvwb Acmvi‡bi Rb¨ †h KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K w¯újI‡q e‡j| GUv‡K wbivcËv fvje I ejv nq 17) †Kvi Iqvj Gi KvR : 1) †Kvi Iqvj gvwUi ev‡ai m¨vPz‡ikb †iLv‡K wb¤œgyLx K‡i 2) ev‡ai wfZ‡ii w`‡K cvwb Pzqv‡bv cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 3) Gi cÖfv‡e ev‡ai wfZ‡ii w`‡K wj‡KR nq bv| d‡j ev‡ai wb‡Pi gvwU K`©gv³ nqbv Ges ev‡ai gvwU wkqvi cÖwZ‡iv‡a mÿg nq|

18) DBqvi : ‡h eva Zvi DRv‡bi mg¯Í cvwb wb‡R AvUKvq A_ev ev‡ai cvwbi wKQzUv Ask Gi Dc‡ii cvjøvi mvnv‡h¨ AvUKvq Zv‡K DBqvi e‡j| 19) wic i¨vc : eva‡K cvwbi †¯ªv‡Zi nvZ n‡Z iÿv Kivi Rb¨ ev‡ai DRv‡bi w`‡K cv_‡ii †h Av‪Qv`b †`Iqv nq Zv‡K wic i¨vc e‡j| 20) e¨v‡iR : ‡h eva Zvi DRv‡bi mg¯Í cvwb Gi Dc‡ii DËjb‡hvM¨ cvjøvi mvnv‡h¨ AvUKvq Zv‡K e¨v‡iR e‡j| 21) gvwUi eva wbõj nevi KviY : 1) ev‡ai Dci w`‡q cvwb Dc‡P co‡j 4) eva ÿqcÖvß n‡j

2) eva wcQ‡j †M‡j 3) cvi‡Kkb I wj‡KR n‡j 5) ÎæwUcyY© wbg©vY KvR

22) wWfvBW Iqv‡ji KvR : 1) b`xi cvwbi Aeva MwZ‡K wbqš¿b Kiv 3) cvwb Lv‡ji †i¸‡jU‡ii w`‡K avweZ Kiv 5) wdk j¨vWvi wbg©v‡Y mnvqZv Kiv

2) c‡KU m„w÷i gva¨‡g cwj ci‡Z mnvqZv Kiv 4) AvovAvwo †¯ªvZ cÖwZnZ Kiv 6) eva‡K †XD‡qi nvZ n‡Z iÿv Kiv

23) wdk j¨vWvi : ev‡ai DRvb n‡Z fvwUi w`‡K ev fvwU n‡Z DRv‡bi w`‡K grm¨ PjvP‡ji myweavi Rb¨ cvwb cÖev‡ni wbqš¿‡bi wbwg‡Ë †h KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K wdk j¨vWvi e‡j| 24) †nW IqvK©m : ‡mP I Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡R e¨env‡ii wbwg‡Ë Lv‡j cvwb mieivn Kivi Rb¨ b`x ev †¯ªvZw¯^bxi AvovAvwo A‡f`¨ cÖvPximn †h mKi Avbylw½K ¯
vqx KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq, ‡m¸‡jv‡K GK‡Î wifvi †nW IqvK©m e‡j| G¸‡jv wbg©v‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ nj : 1) b`xi cvwbi D‪PZv e„w× Kiv 2) Lv‡j cvwb cÖ‡e‡ki cwigvY wbqš¿b Kiv 3) GUv †Rvqv‡ii mgq cvwb Rgv iv‡L 4) cvwb mgZvi DbœwZ AebwZ n«vm Kiv 25) mycvi c¨v‡mR : cÖvK…wZK cÖevn I †mP cÖevn ci¯úi AwZµg Kiv Kv‡j †h KvVv‡gvi gva¨‡g cÖvK…wZK cÖev‡ni wbP w`‡q †mP cÖevn‡K AwZµg Kiv‡bv nq, H KvVv‡gv‡K mycvi c¨v‡mR e‡j| 26) †iBb IqvUvi nvi‡fw÷s : e„wói †k․my‡g e„wói cvwb msMÖn Ges msiÿY I myô weZi‡Yi e¨e¯
v‡K †iBb IqvUvi nvi‡fw÷s e‡j| 27) cÖwZeÜK Rjvavi : cÖwZeÜK Rjvav‡ii ev‡ai wb¤œvs‡k cvwb wbM©g‡bi wQ`ª _v‡K| G mKj wQ`ª memgq ‡Lvjv _v‡K| G ai‡bi Rjvav‡ii wbM©gb wQ`ª¸‡jv Ggbfv‡e wWRvBb Kiv nq †hb, eb¨vi cvwb wbqwš¿Z fv‡e cÖevwnZ n‡Z cv‡i Ges fvwUi A‡ji †Kvb ÿwZ bv nq|

28) Aeiæ× Rjvavi : GB Rjvav‡i DRv‡bi cvwb AvU‡K ivLv nq Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b w¯újI‡qi gva¨‡g AwZwi³ cvwb †Q‡o †`Iqv nq †hb fvwUi A‡ji †Kvb ÿwZ bv nq| 29) A¨vs‡Mj Ae wi‡cvR : AvjMv gvwU‡K fzwgi Dci †d‡j ivL‡j GUv fzwgi mv‡_ hZ wWMÖx †Kv‡Y Ae¯
vb K‡i Zv‡K A¨vs‡Mj Ae wi‡cvR e‡j| 30) ¯øyBP †MU Gi Up and Down stream : ‡mP Lv‡j cvwb wbqš¿‡bi Rb¨ †¯ªv‡Zi AvovAvwo eva ev Kvjfv‡U©i mv‡_ †h mKj †MU wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K ¯øyBP †MU e‡j| ev‡ai DRv‡b cvwb AvU‡K ivLvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j ¯øyBP †MU eÜ K‡i †`Iqv nq| ev‡ai cvwbi G D‪PZv‡K Up stream Ges fvwUi cvwbi D‪PZv‡K Down stream e‡j| 31) wifvi †Uªwbs : gvby‡li Kj¨v‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ b`b`xi AcÖwZ‡iv× MwZ‡K gvby‡li wb‡`©wkZ c‡_ cwiPvwjZ Kivi Rb¨ ‡h mKj e¨e¯
v MÖnY Kiv nq Zv‡K wifvi †Uªwbs ev b`b`x wbqš¿b e‡j| 32) †ej eva : b`xi AvovAvwo weªR ev Abyiæc KvVv‡gv‡K b`xi †¯ªvZ n‡Z iÿv Kivi Rb¨ Ges b`xi †¯ªvZ‡K †mvRv c‡_ cwiPvwjZ Kivi Rb¨ b`xi Zxi msjMœ ¯
v‡b b`xi `y mgvšÍiv‡j `ywU †gvUv eva wbg©vY Kiv nq| G‡`i‡K MvBW e¨vsK ev †ej eva e‡j| 33) A¨v‡cÖvP eva : MvBW e¨vsK n‡Z b`xi Zxi ch©šÍ †h †gvUv eva wbg©vY Kiv nq, G‡`i‡K Av¨v‡cÖvP eva e‡j| G¸‡jvi D‪PZv MvBW e¨vsK Gi D‪PZvi mgvb| 34) †jwf eva : R‡jv‪Q¡v‡mi mgq b`xi †¯ªvZ n‡Z DcKzjxq ¯
vb‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ wbw`©ó `yi‡Z¡ b`xi †¯ªv‡Zi mgvšÍiv‡j DPz †h gvwUi eva wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K †jwf eva e‡j| 35) †÷vb wcwPs : wewfbœ ai‡Yi gvwUi eva‡K †¯ªv‡Zi nvZ n‡Z iÿv Kivi Rb¨ †¯ªv‡Zi w`‡Ki Xv‡j †h cv_‡ii Av‪Qv`b †`Iqv nq Zv‡K †÷vb wcwPs e‡j| 36) A¨vd¬v· : b`xi msKxY© cÖ‡¯
 eva, DBqvi, e¨v‡iR BZ¨vw` wbg©vY Kivi cÖfv‡e G¸‡jvi DRv‡b †ek wKQz`yi ch©šÍ cvwbi D‪PZv ¯^vfvwe‡Ki Zzjbvq e„w× cvq| G D‪PZv‡K A¨vd¬v· e‡j| 37) ‡MÖv‡qb : R‡jv‪Q¡v‡mi mgq b`xi †¯ªvZ n‡Z DcKzjxq ¯
vb‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ wbw`©ó `yi‡Z¡ b`xi †¯ªv‡Zi mgvšÍiv‡j ev‡ai b¨vq ‡h KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K ‡MÖv‡qb e‡j| Gi KvR nj : 1) b`xi †¯ªvZ n‡Z cvo‡K iÿv K‡i 3) b`xi cvo‡K fvO‡bi nvZ n‡Z iÿv K‡i

2) b`xi †¯ªvZ‡K Gi wb‡`©wkZ c‡_ cÖevwnZ K‡i 4) b`xi MfxiZv e„w× K‡i

38) µm †Wª‡bR IqvK©m : †¯ªv‡Zi cvwbi cÖevn‡K ¯^vfvweK †i‡L †¯ªv‡Zvw¯^bx AwZµg Kivi Rb¨ †h mKj AeKvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K µm †Wª‡bR IqvK©m e‡j|

39) A¨vKzBWv± : ‡h KvVv‡gvi gva¨‡g cÖvK…wZK cvwb cÖev‡ni Ici w`‡q †mP cvwb cÖevn AwZµg Kiv‡bv m¤¢e nq Zv‡K A¨vKzBWv± e‡j| 40) wd« †evW© : e¨vs‡Ki Ici n‡Z FSL Gi ga¨eZ©x `yiZ¡‡K wd« †evW© e‡j| 41) bb mviPvR© wi‡UBwbs Iqvj : wi‡UBwbs Iqvj Øviv Ave× gvwUi D‪PZv hw` wi‡UBwbs Iqv‡ji D‪PZvi mgvb nq Zv‡K ¯^vfvweK †evSv enbKvix ev bb mviPvR© wi‡UBwbs Iqvj e‡j| 42) mviPvR© wi‡UBwbs Iqvj : wi‡UBwbs Iqvj Øviv Ave× gvwUi D‪PZv hw` wi‡UBwbs Iqv‡ji D‪PZvi ‡_‡K †ewk nq Zv‡K mviPvR© wi‡UBwbs Iqvj e‡j| 43) A¨v‡½j Ae mviPvR© : wi‡UBwbs Iqv‡ji †cQ‡bi mviPvR© gvwU Iqv‡ji gv_vi mv‡_ †h †Kv‡Y Ae¯
vb K‡i Zv‡K A¨v‡½j Ae mviPvR© e‡j| 44) DBc †nvj : wi‡UBwbs Iqv‡ji †cQ‡bi e¨vKwd‡ji cvwb wb®‥vk‡bi myweavi Rb¨ Iqv‡ji AvbyfzwgK I Dj¤^ w`‡K 1 wgUvi cici †h †Q`ª ivLv nq Zv‡K DBc †nvj e‡j| 45) KvD›Uvi †dvU© wi‡UBwbs Iqvj : hLb †Kvb wi‡UBwis Iqv‡ji D‪PZv 6 †_‡K 7 wgUv‡ii †ewk D‪PZvq wbg©vY Kiv nq ZLb Zv‡K KvD›Uvi †dvU© wi‡UBwbs Iqvj e‡j| 46) e¨vKwdj : wi‡UBwbs Iqvj Gi ‡cQ‡bi gvwU‡K e¨vKwdj e‡j|

IqvUvi wi‡mv‡m©m BwÄwbqvwis 1) ‡mP Lvj : ‡Kvb b`x, Rjvkq ev Rjvavi n‡K Rwg‡Z †mP Kvh© cwiPvjbvi wbwg‡Ë cvwb mieiv‡ni Rb¨ †h K…wÎg Lvj Lbb Kiv nq Zv‡K †mP Lvj (Cannel) e‡j| 2) wb®‥vkb Lvj : K…wl †¶‡Î gvÎvZi³ †m‡Pi d‡j Rjve×Zvi m„wó nq| GB Rjve×Zv †iva Kivi Rb¨ K…wÎg e¨e¯
vi gva¨‡g †h Lvj Lbb Kiv nq Zv‡K wb®‥vkb Lvj e‡j| 3) ‡mP Lvj wWRvB‡bi we‡eP¨ welq mg~n : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

†mP GjvKvq mviv eQi wK cwigvY cvwb _v‡K Zv wba©viY Kiv cÖ‡qvRbxq cvwbi Drm †Kv_vq Ges Zv ‡_‡K mviv eQi cvwb cvIqv hv‡e wKbv Zv wbwðZ Kiv cÖKí GjvKvi gvwUi MVb I ¸Yv¸Y †Kgb Zv cix¶v Kiv ‡mP‡hvM¨ Rwg‡Z cvwb mieiv‡ni Rb¨ Lv‡ji AvKvi †Kgb nIqv DwPZ Zv wba©viY Kiv cÖKí GjvKvq e„wócv‡Zi cwigvY †Kgb Zv Rvbv m¤¢ve¨ †nW IqvK©m I cvwb‡Z wbwg©Z KvVv‡gv Av‡Q wKbv Zv Rvbv

4) evg© : fywg mgZ‡j Aew¯
Z e¨vs‡Ki †fZ‡ii †Uv Ges Lb‡bi Dc‡ii wKbvivi ga¨eZ©x AvbyfywgK `yiZ¡‡K evg© e‡j| 6) mvwf©m †ivW : cwi`k©‡bi Rb¨ †h †ivW e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K mvwf©m †ivW e‡j| Lv‡ji Dfq cv‡k mvwf©m †ivW ivL‡Z nq| G †iv‡Wi PIov 3-5 wgUvi n‡q _v‡K| 7) WvI‡qj : mvwf©m †iv‡Wi Dci w`‡q hvbevnb PjvP‡ji myweav Rb¨ †hUv cÖ`vb Kiv nq Zv‡K WvI‡qj e‡j| GUv hvbevn‡bi wbivcËv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ e¨eüZ nq| Gi PIov mvaviYZ 0.3-0.6 wgUvi n‡q _v‡K| 8) e‡ivwcU : GKwU wbw`©ó ¯
v‡b LbbK…Z gvwUi †P‡q fivU gvwUi KvR †ewk n‡q †M‡j AwZwi³ gvwU †h †Kvb ¯
vb †_‡K wb‡q Avmvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| †h ¯
vb †_‡K MZ© K‡i gvwU Avbv nq, H MZ©‡K e‡ivwcU e‡j| 9) ¯ú‡qj e¨vsK : fiv‡Ui gwUi †P‡q LbbK…Z gvwU cwigvY †ewk n‡j AwZwi³ gvwU GKUv wbw`©ó ¯
v‡b ¯yc Í K‡i ivLv nq| H ¯Íyc‡K ¯ú‡qj e¨vsK e‡j| 10) AvqZvKvi Lv‡ji wgZe¨qx †mKk‡bi kZ© : 1) nvBWªwjK Mo MfxiZv 2) wZb cvk¦© e„ˇK Ggbfv‡e ¯úk© Ki‡e †hb †K›`ª wn‡m‡e Ges e¨vmva© wn‡m‡e _vK‡e 3) Lv‡ji Dc‡ii Ges wb‡Pi cÖk¯ÍZvi †gvU •`N©¨ wm³ cwimxgvi mgvb n‡e| me©vwaK wbM©gb †c‡Z n‡j Lv‡ji MfxiZv n‡e, d 

a 2 n 1 n 2

4) mvaviYZ †Kvb Lv‡ji ‡kvlYRwbZ AcPq wm³ cwimxgvi Ges MfxiZvi e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK 11) wWIqvUvwis : fzwb¤œ¯
 cvwb wb®‥vk‡bi cÖK…qv‡K wWIqvUvwis e‡j|

12) fzwg D×vi : Abvevw` djb Abyc‡hvMx fzwg ev K…wl‡ÿ·K Avevw` djb Dc‡hvMx K…wl‡ÿ‡Î cwiYZ Kivi c×wZ‡K fzwg D×vi e‡j| 13) wjwPs cÖK…qv : †jvbvµvšÍ Rwg‡Z jebgy³ cvwb cÖev‡ni gva¨‡g Rwg ‡a․Z Kivi cÖK…qv‡K wjwPs cÖK…qv e‡j| 14) wmj‡Uªkb : cwji AvKvi, IRb, aib Ges cvwb cÖev‡ni MwZ‡eM, cÖevn bvjvi Zj‡`‡ki Xvj, eµZv, bvjvi cÖwZeÜKZv, BZ¨vw`i cÖfv‡e cwj ev Zjvbx w_Zv‡bv‡K cwj cov ev wmj‡Uªkb e‡j| 15) cwj covi 5wU myweav mgyn : 1) Gi d‡j Rwgi De©iZv e„w× cvq 2) Gi d‡j eKPi •Zwi nq Ges GUv cv‡oi fv½b ‡iva K‡i 3) GUv Lv‡j K¨v‡bj jvBwbs Gi KvR K‡i 4) GUv Lv‡ji cvwb Pzqv‡bv cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 5) gyj¨evb Zjvbx †WªwRs Gi gva¨‡g DËjb K‡i evwbwR¨K cY¨ wn‡m‡e weµq Kiv hvq| 16) cwj covi 5wU Amyweav : 1) cwj cov Awbqwš¿Zfv‡e Pj‡Z _vK‡j cvwbi cÖevn ÿgZv K‡g hvq 2) cwj AcmviY Kivi LiP A‡bK †ewk 3) cwj AcmviY Kiv Kv‡j Lv‡ji cÖevn eÜ ivL‡Z nq d‡j dm‡j †mP Gi Pvwn`v K‡g hvq 4) Rjvav‡ii avib ÿgZv K‡g hvq 5) cwj covi cÖfv‡e Rjhvb b`xi cv‡o wVKgZ AvkÖq wb‡Z cv‡i bv| 17) ¯‥vDqvwis : cvwbcÖev‡ni d‡j ev cvwbi NyicvK Lvevi d‡j Rjvav‡ii Zj‡`‡k ev cvk©¦‡`‡k gvwU ÿwqZ nevi cÖK…qv‡K ¯‥vDqvwis e‡j| 18) ¯‥vDqvwis Gi djvdj : 1) Gi d‡j cvwb Z‡ji D‪PZv n«vm cvq d‡j †mP Kv‡R weNœ N‡U 2) Gi d‡j Lv‡ji Bge¨vsK‡g‡›U weªwPs n‡Z cv‡i 3) Gi d‡j nvBWªwjK KvVv‡gv mgy‡ni weNœ n‡Z cv‡i 4) Gi d‡j cv‡oi fv½b N‡U 5) Gi d‡j Rjvav‡ii GKw`‡K Mfxi Lv‡`i m„wó nq Ges Ab¨w`‡K P‡ii m„wó nq 6) Gi d‡j †b․hvb PjvP‡ji weNœ N‡U 19) K¨v‡bj jvBwbs : cvwbi AcPq †ivaK‡í A_©‣bwZK w`K n‡Z hyw³msMZfv‡e Lv‡ji wm³ GjvKv‡K cvwb AcÖ‡ek¨ ¯
vqx AveiY Øviv Av‪Qvw`Z Kiv‡K K¨v‡bj jvBwbs e‡j| 20) e¨v‡jwÝs †Wc_ Ae KvwUs : wWRvBb Abymv‡i Lvj Lbb Kivi ci Gi LbbK…Z mKj gvwU hw` cvo •Zwi‡Z e¨eüZ nq Zv‡K e¨v‡jwÝs †Wc_ Ae KvwUs e‡j|

21) Kgv‡Ûej Gwiqv : ‡Kvb †mP cÖKí ¯
vcb Kivi Rb¨ hZUzKz Gwiqv Gi AvIZvaxb nq Zv‡K Kgv‡Ûej Gwiqv e‡j| Avi Kgv‡Ûej Gwiqvi hZUzKz †mP †`Iqv hvq Zv‡K Bwi‡Mej Gwiqv e‡j| 22) †Wëv : ‡Kvb k‡m¨i exR ecb n‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i k‡m¨i cwic°Zv jvf Kiv ch©šÍ cÖ‡qvRbxq mg¯Í cvwbi MfxiZv‡K †Wëv e‡j| 23) wWDwU : ‡Kvb k‡m¨i exR ecb n‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i km¨ cwic° nIqv ch©šÍ mg‡q weivgnxb fv‡e cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 1 NbwgUvi cvwb cÖ‡qvM K‡i hZ †n±i Rwg †mP †`Iqv hvq, ZZ †n±i Rwg‡K 1 NbwgUvi/‡m‡KÛ cvwbi wWDwU e‡j| Gi GKK †n±im/wKD‡gK | 24) †em wcwoqW : exR ec‡bi wbwg‡Ë cÖ_g cvwb cÖ‡qv‡Mi w`b n‡Z ïiæ K‡i km¨ KvUvi AvM ch©šÍ †kl cvwb cÖ‡qv‡Mi w`b ch©šÍ mgq‡K †em wcwoqW e‡j| 25) µcm wcwoqW : exR ec‡bi w`b n‡Z ïiæ K‡i km¨ KvUvi AvM ch©šÍ mgq‡K µcm wcwoqW e‡j|

KvjfvU© Ges eªxR 1) KvjfvU© I eªxR : ‡Kvb moK, †ijc_ ev Rjvkq Ab¨ †Kvb c_ Øviv evavMÖ¯
 n‡j †mLv‡b c_ ev Rjvkq‡K eÜ bv K‡i evavi Ici w`‡q AwZµ‡gi Rb¨ †h moK wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K KvjfvU© ev eªxR e‡j| mvaviYfv‡e, †Kvb mo‡Ki AvovAvwo cvwb wb®‥vk‡bi Rb¨ AMfxi Lvj ev Rjvk‡qi Ici †h c_ KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K KvjfvU© e‡j| Avi Mfxi b`x ev Rjvkq AwZµ‡gi Rb¨ †h c_ wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K eªxR e‡j| 2) KvjfvU© Gi cÖKvi‡f` : 1) e· KvjfvU© : G RvZxq KvjfvU© G cvwb wb®‥vk‡bi cwigvY AwaK| G¸‡jv mvaviYZ mo‡K µm‡Wª‡bR wn‡m‡e fzc„‡ôi cvwb Acmvi‡Y e¨envi Kiv nq| G¸‡jv GK ev `y ¯ú¨vb Gi n‡q _v‡K| 2) cvBc KvjfvU© : G RvZxq KvjfvU© mPivPi ÷xj cvBc, wR.AvB cvBc, wm.wm cvBc ev Avi.wm.wm cvBc Gi •Zwi Kiv nq| G cvB‡c cvwb wb®‥vkb Kg nq| 3) AvP© KvjfvU© : G RvZxq KvjfvU© Gi ¯ú¨vb 3 wgUv‡ii AwaK n‡q _v‡K| mPivPi B‡Ui Mv_ybx‡Z wbwg©Z Av¨vevU‡g‡›Ui Dci B‡Ui Aa©e„ËKvi ev †mM‡g›Uvj AvP© •Zwii gva¨‡g G AvP© •Zwi Kiv nq Ges Av‡P©i kxl©Zj mo‡Ki c„ôZ‡ji eivei _v‡K| G¸‡jvi Dci w`‡qI hvbevn‡bi PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges G¸‡jv‡Z cvwbi cÖevn c_I AwaK cvIqv hvq| 4) ¯ø¨ve KvjfvU© : G RvZxq KvjfvU© mo‡Ki AvovAvwo‡Z weªK g¨vmbix‡Z A¨vevU‡g›U •Zwi K‡i Zvi Dci Avi.wm.wm ¯ø¨ve moK mgZ‡j XvjvB K‡i •Zwi Kiv nq| G ¯ø¨ve Gi Dci w`‡q hvbevnb PjvPj K‡i| 3) KvjfvU© I eªxR Gi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : KvjfvU© mo‡Ki AvovAvwo fy-c„ô¯
 cvwb wb®‥vkb ev †QvU AMfxi Lv‡ji Ici wbwg©Z KvVv‡gv wbP w`‡q †b․hvb PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡ibv mvaviYZ mve-÷ªvKPvi I mycvi ÷ªvKPvi GKmv‡_ wbg©vY Kiv nq ¯ú¨vb •`N©¨ mvaviYZ 6 wgUv‡ii Kg mvaviYZ GK ev GKvwaK e· _v‡K wb‡P mvaviYZ cvKv †g‡S _v‡K

‡mZz ev eªxR Mfxi †Kvb Rjvkq †hgb b`x ev eo Lv‡ji Ici wbwg©Z KvVv‡gv PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i mvaviYZ mve-÷ªvKPvi I mycvi ÷ªvKPvi c„_Kfv‡e wbg©vY Kiv nq ¯ú¨vb •`N©¨ 6 wgUv‡ii ‡ewk GK ev GKvwaK ¯ú¨vb _v‡K cvKv †g‡S _v‡Kbv

4) GevU‡g›U : b`x ev Rjvk‡qi ZxiØq ms‡hvMKvix KvjfvU© ev †mZzi cÖv‡šÍi KvVv‡gv‡K GevU‡g›U e‡j GUv mycvi ÷ªvKPvi, jvBf †jvW enb Ges wcQ‡bi gvwU a‡i ivLvi KvR K‡i| 5) cvqvi : GevU‡g‡›Ui ga¨eZ©x mKj mv‡cvU© ev wcjvi‡K cvqvi e‡j|

6) cvLbv †`Iqvj :KvjfvU© ev eªx‡Ri cÖ‡ek c‡_i mvÜ ¯
‡j cÖ‡ek c‡_i gvwU ai‡bi Rb¨ †h †`Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K cvLbv †`Iqvj ev DBs Iqvj e‡j| 7) c`©v †`Iqvj : cÖej †mªv‡Zi gvwU ¶q n‡Z †g‡S I wfZ‡K msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ cvwb c‡_i AbycÖ‡¯
 wbwg©Z †QvU †`Iqvj‡K c`©v †`Iqvj e‡j| 8) G‡cÖvP : moK c‡_i †h Ask KvjfvU© ev eªx‡Ri mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K Zv‡K G‡cÖvP e‡j| 9) DBc †nvj : eªxR ev Kvjfv‡U©i GevU‡g‡›Ui wcQ‡bi gvwU †_‡K AwZwi³ e„wói cvwb mn‡RB wb®‥vk‡bi Rb¨ Gi Mv‡q †h †QvU †QvU wQ`ª ivLv nq Zv‡K DBc †nvj e‡j| 10) e¨vKwdj : eªxR ev Kvjfv‡U©i GevU‡g‡›Ui cv‡k †h ewj ev gvwU fivU Kiv nq Zv‡K e¨vKwdj e‡j| 11) gvwUi cÖZ¨¶ Pvc : ‡Kvb eva ev wi‡UBwbs Iqvj hw` Zvi wb‡Ri Ae¯
vb †_‡K e¨Kwd‡ji wecixZ w`‡K m‡i hvq Zvn‡j evua ev wi‡UBwbs Iqv‡ii Ici gvwU †f‡½ ev †n‡j c‡i| gvwU †n‡j ev a‡m civi Kvi‡Y †h Pv‡ci m„wó nq Zv‡K gvwUi cÖZ¨¶ Pvc e‡j| G‡K k Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| 12) wiUvb© Iqvj : iv¯Ívi †K›`ª‡iLvi mgvšÍiv‡j iv¯Ívi gvwU a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ †h Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K wiUvb© Iqvj e‡j| 13) weª‡Ri ¯
vb wbe©vP‡bi Rb¨ we‡eP¨ welqmgyn : 1) ‡mZzi Ae¯
vb Ggb nIqv DwPr †hb Gi †Kw›`ªq †iLv Ges iv¯Ívi †K›`ªxq †iLv GKB †iLvq Ae¯
vb Ki‡e| 2) †mZzi ga¨‡iLv cvwbi cÖev‡ni mv‡_ mg‡Kv‡Y _vK‡e| 3) †mZzi Ae¯
v‡b Lv‡ji ev b`xi MwZc_ †mvR _vK‡e 4) †mZzi Ae¯
v‡b Lv‡ji Zx‡i ¯
vqxfv‡e DPz n‡e †hb eb¨vi mgq cvwb Zxi DcwP‡q cÖevwnZ n‡Z bv cv‡i| 5) †mZzi gy‡L iv¯Ív AwZwi³ evuK ev Lvov Xvj Gwo‡q †h‡Z n‡e| 6) †mZzi Ae¯
v‡b cvwbi cÖevM ¯^vfvweK gv‡bi n‡e| 7) †mZzi Ae¯
vb wbb©‡q Lvj ev b`xi mswKY© ¯
vb‡K wbe©vPb Kiv DËg| 8) †mZzi Ae¯
vb Ggb nIqv DwPr †hb KvR Gi cwigvY by¨bZg nq|

cvBj 1) Kv÷-Bb-wmUz cvBj : wbw`©ó MfxiZv ch©šÍ MZ© K‡i Zvi g‡a¨ XvjvB Øviv •ZixK…Z cvBj‡K Kv÷ Bb wmUz cvBj e‡j| 2) Kvó-Bb-wmUz cvB‡ji myweav mg~n : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

G cvBj cÖK…Z •`N¨© Abyhvqx wbg©vY Kiv nq weavq mgq, A_© I wbg©vY mvgMÖxi AcPq nqbv emv‡bvi mgq AvNv‡Zi cÖ‡qvRb nqbv weavq wbg©vY KvR wbLyZ nq cwienb LiP ïb¨ wKDwis Gi Rb¨ mg‡qi AcPq nqbv cvB‡ji cÖ¯
‡‪Q` e„w× K‡i fvienb ÿgZv evov‡bv hvq

3) Kvó-Bb-wmUz cvB‡ji Amyweav mg~n : 1) cvwbi wb‡P e¨envi Kiv hvqbv 2) iW e¨envi Kiv n‡j Zv h_v¯
v‡b ¯
vcb Kiv Kómva¨ 3) ‡Kwms wewnb cvBj wbg©vY Kiv n‡j cvk¦©eZ©x gvwU cvBj †_‡K cvwb †kvlY K‡i ‡bq| d‡j cvBj `ye©j n‡q hvq 4) KswµU DPz ¯
vb n‡Z avjv nq weavq Kv‡Ri gvb m‡šÍvlRbK nqbv 5) Kswµ‡Ui gv‡S f‡qW _vKvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K 6) mve m‡q‡ji cvwb I ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb Øviv KswµU ÿwZMÖ¯
 n‡Z cv‡i 7) ‡h cvB‡j iW e¨envi Kiv nqbv, †m mKj cvBj gvwUi cvk¦©eZ©x mi‡Yi Kvi‡Y †f‡½ †h‡Z cv‡i 4) wcÖ-Kvó cvBj : ‡h mKj cvBj c~‡e© wbg©vY K‡i Kvh©¯
‡j emv‡bv nq Zv‡K wcÖ-Kvó cvBj e‡j| 5) wcÖ-Kvó cvB‡ji myweav mg~n : 1) `ÿ wgw¯¿ Øviv cvBj wbg©vY Kiv hvq Ges cvB‡ji ÎwU mn‡RB †givgZ Kvq 2) cvB‡ji io¸‡jv h_v¯
v‡b emv‡bv hvq 3) h_vh_ fv‡e wKDwis Kiv nq e‡j KswµU c~Y© kw³ AR©b K‡i 4) G cvBj cvwbi wb‡PI e¨envi Kiv hvq 5) big I wfRv gvwU‡Z cvBj emv‡bv myweavRbK 6) cvBj emv‡bvi mgq cvk¦©eZ©x Ab¨ cvB‡ji Ici †Kvb cÖfve †d‡j bv 7) A‡bK cvBj GKmv‡_ •Zwi Kiv nq weavq LiP Kg nq 8) mve m‡q‡ji cvwb I ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb Øviv KswµU ÿwZMÖ¯
 nqbv 9) G cvBj emv‡bvi ciciB †jvW Pvcv‡bv hvq 10) •`N©¨ e„w× Kivi Rb¨ LyeB myweavRbK 6) ‡b‡MwUf w¯…b wdKkb : cvB‡ji Pvwicv‡k¦©i msKzwPZ gvwUi wb¤œgyLx mi‡Yi Kvi‡Y cvBj‡i Ici ‡h wb¤œgyLx WªvM KvR K‡i Zv‡K †b‡MwUf w¯…b wd«Kkb e‡j| ms‡Kvbkxj fivU gvwUi †ÿ‡Î Giƒc N‡U| 7) wcÖ-Kvó cvB‡ji Amyweav mg~n : 1) GUv fvix nevi Kvi‡Y ¯
vbvšÍi Kiv Kómva¨ Ges AmZK©Zvi Ki‡Y †f‡½ †h‡Z cv‡i 2) emv‡bvi mgq m„ó cxob cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ †ewk i‡Wi cÖ‡qvRb| d‡j LiP †ewk c‡i 3) ¯
vbvšÍi Kv‡Ri myweavi Rb¨ cvBj †ewk j¤^v Kiv hvqbv

4) emv‡bvi mgq AwZwi³ j¤^v Ask ‡K‡U ev` w`‡Z nq| d‡j mgq I LiP †ewk jv‡M 5) ‡Rvov w`‡q •`N©¨ e„w× Ki‡Z †M‡j mgq I LiP †ewk jv‡M 6) AvNvZ K‡i cvBj emv‡Z nq weavq cvBj wKQzUv `ye©j n‡q c‡i 8) MfxiZv Abyhvqx cvB‡ji AvKvi : cvB‡ji MfxiZv 10 wgUvi 10-15 wgUvi 12 wgUvi 15 wgUvi 18 wgUvi 21 wgUvi

MfxiZvi Rb¨ cvB‡ji AvKvi e¨vm = 35 †mwg e¨vm = 40 †mwg 30 †mwg  30 †mwg 36 †mwg  36 †mwg 40 †mwg  40 †mwg 46 †mwg  46 †mwg

wd«Kkb cvB‡ji ‣`N©¨ cvB‡ji Dc‡ii cÖv‡šÍi PIovi 40 ¸‡Yi Kg n‡e Ges weqvwis cvB‡ji ‣`N©¨ cvB‡ji Dc‡ii cÖv‡šÍi PIovi 20 ¸‡Yi Kg n‡e| 9) †i-gÛ cvBj : GB cÖKv‡ii Kv÷ Bb wmUz cvBj mvaviYZ 6 †_‡K 12 wgUvi ch©šÍ j¤^v nq| cvB‡ji Dc‡ii e¨vm 40-60 †mwg Ges wb‡Pi e¨vm 20-30 †mwg n‡q _v‡K| GB cvBj •Zwi Kivi Rb¨ cvZjv K‡iv‡M‡UW w÷j Øviv †kj cÖ¯‧Z Kiv nq| Gi wb‡Pi cÖvšÍ eÜ _v‡K| cvBj ¯
vc‡bi Rb¨ †k‡ji g‡a¨ Abyiæc GKwU w÷j g¨vb†Wªj cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq| Gici †kjmn g¨vb†Wªj gvwUi †fZ‡i wbw`©ó MfxiZvq cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq| c‡i g¨vb†Wªj DwV‡q w÷j †k‡ji wbgœ cÖv‡šZ w÷j eyU Øviv Ave× Kiv nq Ges †kjwU Lvov Av‡Q wKbv Zv ‡Uó Kiv nq| Gi g‡a¨ ZLb †jvnvi LvPv ewm‡q XvjvB Kiv nq| 10) cvBj K¨vc : cvB‡ji gv_v¸‡jv g~j wfwËi †fZ‡i cÖ‡ek Kwi‡q †`qv cÖ‡qvRb| bB‡j wfwËi Amg emb n‡Z cv‡i| ZvB wfwËi KswµU Øviv cvB‡ji gv_v¸‡jv XvjvB K‡i ‡`Iqv nq| G‡K cvBj K¨vc e‡j|

11) wewfbœ cÖKvi cvB‡ji wPÎ :

12) m¨vÛ cvBj wbg©vY c×wZ : gvwUi fvienb ÿgZve„w×i Rb¨ gvwU‡Z MZ© K‡i, D³ MZ© evwj Øviv fivU K‡i †h cvBj •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K m¨vÛ cBj e‡j| ‡h MfxiZv ch©šÍ cvBj •Zwi Ki‡Z n‡e, cÖ_‡g †m MfxiZv ch©šÍ MZ© Kiv nq| Gevi imB M‡Z©i †fZi evwj fiv nq| evwji mv‡_ cvwb Øviv K¤ú¨vKkb Kiv nq hv‡Z evwj k³ n‡Z cv‡i| gvwU mgZj n‡Z †gvUvgywU GK wgUvi wbP ch©šÍ evwj fiv nq| Ges evwj‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ gvwU †j‡fi n‡Z D³ GK wgUvi MfxiZv wm‡g›U KswµU Øviv cyiY Kiv nq| Gev‡e m¨vÛ cvBj Gi wbg©vY m¤úbœ Kiv nq|

13) m¨vÛ cvBj Gi myweavmg~n : 1) GUv wbg©vY Kiv mnR 2) †QvU KvVv‡gvi †ÿ‡Î AwaK Dc‡hvMx 3) mve m‡q‡j cvwb _vK‡jI GB cvBj e¨envi Kiv hvq 4) evwji cwie‡Z© MÖv‡fj I e¨envi Kiv hvq 5) fzwb¤œ¯
 cvwb‡Z ÿwZMÖ¯
 nqbv 14) m¨vÛ cvBj Gi Amyweavmg~n : 1) fzwgK¤ú cÖeY GjvKv‡Z GUv e¨envi Kiv hvqbv 2) AvjMv gvwU‡Z GUv Aby‡cv‡hvMx| KviY cvBj bó n‡Z cv‡i 15) cvB‡ji fvienb ÿgZv wbY©‡q BwÄwbqvwis wbDR dg©yjv : WH F (S  C ) GLv‡b, Qa  cvB‡ji wbivc` fvienb ÿgZv ev Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ †jvW

Qa 

W  n¨vgv‡ii IRb, †KwR H  cZ‡bi D‪PZv, †mwg F  wbivc` mnM = 6 aiv nq S  cÖwZ AvNv‡Z †cwb‡Uªkb| Wªc n¨vgv‡ii †ÿ‡Î †kl 5 wU AvNvZ Ges ÷xg

n¨vgv‡ii †ÿ‡Î ‡kl 20 wU AvNv‡Zi Mo †cwb‡Uªkb, †mwg C  cixÿvgyjK aªæeK| Wªc n¨vgv‡ii Rb¨ 2.5 Ges ÷xg n¨vgv‡ii Rb¨ 0.25 16) kxU cvBj : gvwU‡K a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ cvkvcvwk †h cvBj e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K kxU cvBj e‡j| Avi G kxU cvB‡ji Øviv †h †`Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K kxU cvBj ‡`Iqvj e‡j|

17) K¨vw›Uwjfvi kxU cvB‡ji Ici †h mKj Pvc KvR K‡i : K) Iqv‡ji wcQ‡bi gvwUi cÖZ¨ÿ Pvc L) †WªR jvB‡bi wbP †`Iqv‡ji m¤§y‡L gvwUi c‡ivÿ Pvc M) †`Iqv‡ji Dfq w`‡K cvwbZj GKB mgZ‡j bv _vK‡j cvwbi Pvc we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e 18) A¨vsKiW evé‡nW : A¨vsKiW evé‡nW Ggb GKwU KvVv‡gv, hv emv‡bv MfxiZvi Dc‡ii Ask‡K GK ev GKvwaK UvDqvi‡K gvwUi mgvšÍiv‡j ev wKQz wb‡P w`‡q A¨vsKi wnmv‡e Uvb w`‡q a‡i iv‡L| GUv wWRvBb Kivi mgq †h mKj welq we‡ePbv Kiv nq :1) Bg‡eW‡g›U •`N©¨ 2) A¨vsKi ev UvB i‡Wi Uvbv e‡ji gvb 3) kx‡Ui †mKkb wWRvBb 19) kxU cvB‡ji myweav mg~n : 1) GUv wewfbœ Rjvk‡qi cv‡ii fvOb cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 2) W¨v‡gi wb‡Pi evav †`Iqvj wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i 3) KvVv‡gvi wfwËi ÿqcÖvßZv †iva K‡i 4) wfwËi Lv‡`i cv‡k¦©i fvOb †iva K‡i 5) wfwËi cv‡ki gvwU‡K mxgve× iv‡L Ges cvk¦© miY cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 6) gvwU‡K mxgve× iv‡L weavq gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv e„w× cvq 7) fyMf©¯
 cvwb PjvPj‡K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 8) Lbb KvR PjvP‡ji mgq cv‡ki fe‡bi ‡kvwis wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i 9) GUv IR‡b nvjKv nevi Kvi‡Y mn‡R e¨envi Kiv hvq 10) GUv ÿq nqbv weavq e¨envi Kiv hvq 11) G cvB‡ji •`N©¨ mn‡R e„w× Kiv hvq 12) emv‡bvi mgq GUv AwaK cxob cÖwZ‡iv‡a mÿg

A¨vsKi 1) fzwg A¨vsKi : gvwUi Ici Pvcv ej cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j hw` gvwUi AbyfzwgK miY N‡U, Z‡e miY cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ wkU cvBj e¨envi Kiv nq| G wkU cvBj Iqv‡ji AbyfzwgK Uvb ev Ab¨vb¨ Uvbv ej‡K hvi mvnv‡h¨ cÖwZ‡iva Kiv nq Zv‡K fzwg A¨vsKi e‡j| Gi myweavmg~n nj :1) mxU cvB‡ji Ici mv‡cvU© cÖ`vb K‡i 2) exg ev †`Iqv‡ji mv‡_ hy³ w÷j UvB iW‡K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 3) g~j f~wgi wb‡P gwUi c‡ivÿ Pvc‡K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 4) ej cÖ‡qv‡M gvwUi AYyfzwgK mib cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 2) fzwg A¨vsK‡ii wPÎ :

gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv 1) gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv : mve m‡q‡ji e¨_©Zv e¨wZ‡i‡L gvwU cÖwZ GKK †ÿÎd‡ji Ici †h cwigvY fvi enb Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv e‡j| G‡K P Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| 2) gvwUi Pig fvienb ÿgZv : wkqv‡i e¨_© nevi AvM ch©šÍ gvwU cÖwZ GKK †ÿÎd‡j †h cwigvY fvi enb Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K gvwUi Pig fvienb ÿgZv e‡j| G‡K q f ev qu Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| 3) cÖK…Z Pig fvienb ÿgZv : †h me©wb¤œ cÖK…Z Pv‡ci ZxeªZvq gvwU wkqv‡i e¨_© nq Zv‡K cÖK…Z Pig fvienb ÿgZv e‡j| G‡K qnf Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| 4) cÖK…Z wbivc` fvienb ÿgZv : cÖK…Z Pig fvienb ÿgZv‡K GKUv wbivc` mnM Øviv fvM Ki‡j †h fvienb ÿgZv cvIqv hvq Zv‡K gvwUi cÖK…Z wbivc` fvienb ÿgZv e‡j| G‡K qns Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| qns 

qnf F

GLv‡b F  wbivc` mnM| Gi gvb 3 aiv nq|

5) wbivc` fvienb ÿgZv : wkqv‡i e¨_© nevi AvM ch©šÍ gvwU cÖwZ GKK †ÿÎd‡j †h cwigvY fvi wbivc‡` enb Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K gvwUi wbivc` fvienb ÿgZv e‡j| G‡K q s Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| qs  q ns  D f 

qnu  D f F

GLv‡b,   wfwËi gvwUi GKK IRb D f  wfwËi MfxiZv

6) Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ fvienb ÿgZv : cÖK…Z Pv‡ci †h ZxeªZvq gvwU wkqv‡i e¨_© n‡ebv ev KvVv‡g ÿwZMÖ¯
 n‡ebv Zv‡K Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ fvienb ÿgZv e‡j| G‡K qa Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| 7) UviRvMxi fvienb ÿgZvi ¸YKmg~n nj : 1) mskw³i †ÿ‡Î - N c 2) mviPv‡R©i †ÿ‡Î - N q 3) gvwUi IR‡bi †ÿ‡Î - N  8) Av`k© †cwb‡Uªkb cixÿv : evwj gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv Av`k© †cwb‡Uªkb cix·vi gva¨‡g wbY©q Kiv hvq| 50 wgwg evwn‡ii Ges 35 wgwg wfZ‡ii e¨mwewkó 60 †mwg `xN©¨ dvucv ÷xj cvBc‡K w¯øU e¨v‡ij ev w¯øU ¯úyb bgybv msMÖvnK wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq| 9) †cwb‡Uªkb evav : Av`k© †cwb‡Uªkb cixÿvq w¯úøU e¨v‡ij bgybv msMÖvnKwU‡K gvwUi Af¨šÍ‡i cÖ‡ek Kiv‡Z cÖ_g 15 †mwg ev‡` evwK 30 †mwg Gi AvNv‡Zi msL¨v wnmve Kiv nq| G 30 ‡mwg cÖ‡ek Kiv‡Z AvNv‡Zi msL¨v‡K †cwb‡Uªkb evav e‡j| G‡K n Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|

10) mgZzj¨ †cwb‡Uªkb evav : evwj ev cwjhy³ gvwU cvwbZ‡ji wb‡P Aew¯
Z n‡j †cwb‡Uªkb evav †ewk cvIqv hvq| G evavi gvb 15 Gi †ewk n‡j mgZzj¨ †cwb‡Uªkb evav wbb©q Kiv nq| mgZzj¨ †cwb‡Uªkb evav, N c  15 

1 ( N  15) 2

11) gwUi fvienb ÿgZv †h mKj wel‡qi Ici wbf©i K‡i : 1) gvwUi cÖKvi I evwn¨K ¸Yv¸Y 2) †eW iK Gi MfxiZv 3) cvwbZ‡ji Ae¯
vb 4) emb 5) wfwËi evwn¨K MVb †hgb, K) wfwËi cÖKvi L) wfwËi AvKvi AvK…wZ M) wfwËi MfxiZv N) KvVv‡gvi `„pZv 12) UviRvMxi we‡køl‡Y AbywgZ aviYvmg~n : L Gi AbycvZ Amxg B L) dzwUs AMfxi n‡e A_©vr, D f  B

K) dywUs avivevwnK n‡e, †hgb,

M) dzwUs Gi †e‡mi Ici gvwUi wkqvi †iwRó¨vÝ MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv| N) Mohr  coulomb Gi my‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ gvwUi wkqi †÷ªs_ wba©vwiZ n‡e| 13) UviRvMxi we‡køl‡Yi mxgve×Zv : 1)  cwieZ©‡b gvwU msKzwPZ n‡e Ges dzwUs Gi mvgvb¨ wb¤œgyLx ¯^iY n‡e, hv cøvwóK †Rv‡b m¤ú~Y© cÖmvwiZ n‡ebv 2) gvwUi c‡ivÿ Pv‡ci Rb¨ †h ÎæwU n‡e, Zv LyeB mvgvb¨ Ges c~e©vwýK wbivcËv MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e 3) †em †j‡f‡ji Ici gvwUi wkqvi ‡iwRó¨vÝ AMÖvn¨ Kivq †h ÎwU †`Lv †`‡e, Zvi Rb¨ wfwËi MfxiZv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e 14) UviRvMxi weqvwis K¨vcvwmwU d¨v±i¸‡jv nj :    0.75    tan    a2 2 2  K) mskw³i †ÿ‡Î, N c  cot    1  a  e     2 cos 2  45   2       a2 L) mviPv‡R©i †ÿ‡Î, N q  2 cos 2  45    2   Kp  1  1 M) gvwUi IR‡bi †ÿ‡Î, N  tan  2 2  2 cos   GLv‡b K p  c‡ivÿ gvwUi Pv‡ci aªæeK

15) MÖvwfwU †jvwWs cøvUdg© c×wZi wewfbœ Dcvs‡ki bvg : 1) †Uó †cøU 2) Wvqvj †MR 6) nvBWªwjK R¨vK 7) µm R‡q›U

3) †WUvg evi 8) cøvUdig

4) †jvwWs †có 5) cÖavb MvW©vi 9) d¬zBW †cÖmvi 10) g¨vmbwi mv‡cvU

16) eM©vKvi Ges e„ËvKvi dzwUs Gi Rb¨ Pig fvienb ¶gZv : K) wd«Kkbvi †Kv‡nwmf m‡q‡ji Rb¨ 1) e„ËvKvi dzwUs Gi Rb¨ - q f  1.3 cNc   D f Nq  0.3 BN GLv‡b B  dzwUs Gi e¨vm 2) eM©vKvi dzwUs Gi Rb¨ - q f  1.3 cNc   D f Nq  0.4  BN GLv‡b B  dzwUs Gi PIov B 3) AvqZvKvi dzwUs Gi Rb¨ - q f  1.3 cN c 1  0.3    D f Nq  0.3  BN 

L

L) †Kv‡nwmf m‡q‡ji Rb¨ (hLb,   0 ; c  0 ) hLb,   0 ; Nc  5.7 , Nq  1, N  0, 1) e„ËvKvi dzwUs Gi Rb¨ - q f  5.7   D f GLv‡b B  dzwUs Gi e¨vm B 2) AvqZvKvi dzwUs Gi Rb¨ - q f  cN c 1  0.3    D f 

L

M) bb-†Kv‡nwmf m‡q‡ji Rb¨ (hLb,   0 ; c  0 ) hLb,   0 ; Nc  5.7 , Nq  1, N  0, 1) w÷ªc dzwUs Gi Rb¨ - q f   D f N q  0.5 BN 2) AvqZvKvi Ges eM©vKvi dzwUs Gi Rb¨ - q f   D f N q  0.4  BN 3) e„ËvKvi dzwUs Gi Rb¨ - q f   D f Nq  0.3 BN 17) gvwUi fvienb ¶gZv wbY©‡q †cøU †jvW †U‡ói eY©bv : Dcvskmgyn : 1) †Uó †cøU 2) †jvwWs †cvó 5) weªK Iqvj 6) µm R‡q›U 9) Wvqvj †MR

3) nvBWªwj· R¨vK 7) c­vUdig

4) †gBb MvW©vi 8) †WUvg evi

Kvh©weeiYx : wPÎvbyhvqx †U÷ †cø‡Ui Ici †jvwWs †cvó‡K Lvovfv‡e ¯
vcb K‡i Gi Ici cøvUdig •Zwi Kiv nq| †jvW wn‡m‡e evwji e¨vM, cv_o ev KswµU eøK e¨envi Kiv nq| †jvW cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z _vK‡j †cøUwU †W‡e hv‡e ev emb n‡e| em‡bi cwigvY Rvbvi Rb¨ ms‡e`bkxj `ywU Wvqvj †MR e¨envi Kiv nq Ges GUv †WUvg evi I †cø‡Ui mv‡_ mv‡cvU© †`Iqv nq| †cøUwU hLb e‡m †h‡Z _v‡K, ZLb Wvqvi †M‡Ri i¨vg wb‡Pi w`‡K hvq Ges emb wiwWs Kiv nq|

gvwU msµvšÍ Z_¨vw` 1) m~² `vbvi gvwU : m~² `vbvi gvwU nj †mB gvwU, hvi IR‡bi A‡a©‡Ki †P‡qI †ewk gvwUi cÖ‡Z¨KwU KYv GZ m~² †h, Zv‡`i‡K Lvwj †PvL †`Lv hvqbv| G gvwU mvaviYZ msmw³ cÖeY n‡q _v‡K| gvwUi KYvi AvKvi mvaviYZ 0.06 wgwg n‡Z 0.002 wgwg Gi g‡a¨ n‡j Zv‡K m~² `vbvi gvwU e‡j| 2) evwji Av‡cwÿK Nb‡Z¡i Ici †h mKj welq wbf©ikxj : 1) dzwUs, cvqvi ev cvB‡ji fvienb ÿgZv 2) dzwUs, cvqvi ev cvB‡ji emb 3) cvB‡ji cÖwZeÜKZv 3) evwji g‡a¨ cvBj emv‡bvi KviY : 1) evwji ¯Í‡i mycvi ÷ªvKPv‡ii †jvW ¯
vbvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ 2) AvjMv evwji my`„pfv‡e fvienb ÿgZv e„w×i Rb¨ 3) AwaK MfxiZvq evwj ¯Í‡i wfwË ¯
vcb Ki‡Z| 4) evwji ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •ewkó¨ : 1) KvVv‡gv‡K mv‡cvU© †`evi Rb¨ evwj LyeB Dc‡hvMx| AvjMv evwj e¨ZxZ Gi fvienb ÿgZv †ewk cvIqv hvq Ges em‡bi cwigvY Kg nq 2) evua wbg©vY c`v_© wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv myweavRbK| KviY Gi wkqvi †÷ªs_ ‡ewk Ges mn‡R `„pve× Kiv hvq 3) wi‡UBwbs Iqvj, †eBR‡g›U Iqvj BZ¨vw`b e¨Kwdj c`v_© wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv hvq 4) K¤úYRwbZ Kvi‡Y em‡bi †ÿ‡Î evwji Avmw³ †ewk 5) gvwUi evua wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ evwj e¨envi Kiv hvq| 5) cwj ¯‧‡ci ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •ewkó¨ : 1) cwj ¯‧c evwji ga¨Kvi dvuKv ¯
vb c~iY K‡i 2) evwj ¯
vc‡b wb‡P cwj ¯Íyc e¨envi Kiv hvq 3) KvVv‡gvi wfwËi k³ ¯Í‡ii Ici cwj _v‡K 6) Kv`vgvwUi ¸iƒZ¡c~Y© •ewkó¨ : 1) ¯^vfvweK †jvWhy³ Ae¯
vq Kv`vgvwU big _v‡K 2) wcÖ‡jv‡WW Ae¯
vq GUv LyeB k³ nq 7) bg¨ cwji ¸iƒZ¡c~Y© •ewkó¨ : 1) Ae¨eüZ c‡i †jvW cÖ‡qv‡M wkqvi †÷ªs_ Kg nq 2) D‪P •KwkKZv Ges wngvwqZ Ae¯
v‡K mn‡R cÖfvweZ Kivi ÿgZvm¤úbœ 3) Aí †f`¨Zv ¸Ym¤úbœ 4) Av‡cwÿK NbZ¡ Kg weavq `„p Kiv Amyweav 8) Amg emb : hw` wfwËi wb‡Pi wewfbœ ¯
v‡b em‡bi gvb wfbœ wfbœ nq, Z‡e Giƒc emb‡K Amg emb e‡j| 9) Kv`vgvwUi w¯‥b wd«Kkb ‡h mKj wel‡qi Ici wbf©ikxj : 1) AÿZ gvwUi wkqvi †÷ªs_ 2) cvwb †kvl‡Yi gva¨‡g gvwU big nIqv Ges Zvi we¯Í…wZ 3) wWªwjs KvRmg~n 4) M‡Z© KswµU XvjvB 5) wi‡gvwìs Gi gvc 6) wigvwìs †K¬ Gi AvVv‡jv As‡ki MfxiZv

10) Kv`vgvwU‡Z wfwËi emb wbb©‡qi avc : 1) Kv`vgvwUi ¯Í‡ii ga¨ D‪PZvq cÖviw¤¢K Kvh©Kix Pvc wnmve 2) Kv`vgvwUi ¯Í‡ii ga¨ D‪PZvi wb‡P GKwU wbw`©ó we›`y‡Z Pvc e„w×i wnmve 3) Kv`vgvwUi ms‡KvPbkxjZvi wnmve 4) GKwU wbw`©ó we›`y‡Z Kv`vgvwUi ¯Í‡ii cyiƒ‡Z¡i n«vm wnmve 11) A¨vsKi cvBj : kU© kxU cvBj‡K avivevwnKfv‡e ewm‡q gvwUi c‡ivÿ Pvc‡K cÖwZ‡iv‡ai e¨e¯
v Kiv nq| `„pZv cÖ`vb Kivi Rb¨ gv‡S gv‡S cvBj‡K A‡bK Mfx‡i emv‡bv nq| G‡KB A¨vsKi cvBj e‡j| 12) K¤ú¨vKkb I Kbmwj‡Wkb Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ : K¤ú¨vKkb GwU Lye `ªæZ msMwVZ nq gvwU mvaviYZ Amg„³ nq gvwUi AvqZb n«vm cvq Gi Af¨šÍi evqy ms‡KvP‡bi d‡j wbw`©ó mwbœ‡ekb †K․k‡j GB cÖK…qv e¨envi Kiv nq

Kbmwj‡Wkb GwU mgq wbf©ikxj gvwU m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c m¤ú„³ Kbmwj‡Wkb gvwUi Dci wbw`©ó Pv‡c msMwVZ nq Kbmwj‡Wkb gvwUi Dci wbw`©ó Pv‡c msMwVZ nq

13) wkjv : AwaK kw³kvjx I ¯
vqx mskw³cÖeY ej Øviv Ave× Ges cÖvK…wZK Ae¯
vq cÖvß LwbR KYvi mgš^‡q MwVZ c`v_©‡K wkjv e‡j| wkjv ej‡Z †Kej KwVb c`v_©‡K eySvq bv eis bywo, KvuKi, evwj, gvwU, Kv`v BZ¨vw`‡KI eySvq| wewfbœ cÖKvi wkjvi mgš^‡q fzZ¡K MwVZ nq| 14) I‡q`vW© iK : fzc„ô¯
 ev fyAf¨šÍi¯
 Pvc, Zvc, Av‡MœqwMwii AMœy¨Zcv‡Zi d‡j Drwÿß jvfv AvenvIqvRwbZ Kvi‡Y RgvUe× n‡q †h wkjv •Zwi K‡i Zv‡K I‡q`vW© iK e‡j| 15) AvbI‡q`vW© iK: wewfbœ cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM Ges AvenvIqvRwbZ Kvi‡Y I‡q`vW© iK ÿqcÖvß n‡q b`xi cvwbi wb‡P ¯Í‡i ¯Í‡i RgvUe× n‡q †h wkjvi •Zwi K‡i Zv‡K AvbI‡q`vW© iK e‡j| †hgb, Pzbvcv_o, K`©g cv_o 16) cv_o Lbb Kv‡Ri avcmg~n : 1) c~e© wba©vwiZ MfxiZv Abyhvqx wbw`©ó ¯
v‡b wWªwis Gi mvnv‡h¨ GK ev GKvwaK MZ© Kiv 2) dvqvwis Gi mvnv‡h¨ we‡ùviY NwU‡q cv_i‡K P‚Y© Kiv 3) cv_‡oi UzKiv DËjb K‡i Lbb Kvh© †kl Kiv 17) wkjvi we‡ùviY NUv‡bvi †K․kjmg~n : 1) jvBb wWªwjs :evDÛvwi †_‡K `yB ev wZb mvwi c‡i we‡ùviY NUv‡bv nq Ges we`¨gvb cv_i‡K ¯ø¨ve AvKv‡i cwiYZ Kiv nq| mxgvbv jvB‡bi w`‡K wQ‡`ªi e¨eavb n«vm Kiv nq Ges eviæ‡`i cwigvY Kg Kiv nq| cwimxgv eivei wQ‡`ªi e¨eavb e¨v‡mi `yB †_‡K wZb ¸‡Yi g‡a¨ ivLv nq Ges †Kvb ‡jvW cÖ‡qvM Kiv nqbv| Z‡e av°vq wQ`ª¸‡jvi ga¨Kvi cv_‡oi cvZjv wie †f‡O hvq|

2) Kzkb wWªwjs : g~j Lbb †_‡K mxgvbvi wbKUeZ©x A_©vr †kl mvwii cvk¦©eZ©x mvwi‡Z we‡ùviY NUv‡bv nq| cwimxgv eivei wQ`ª¸‡jvi MfxiZv n«vm Kiv nq Ges mxgvbv †_‡K cÖ_g mvwii ga¨Kvi `yi‡Z¡i cÖvq 0.8 MyY †bqv nq| Zvici eviæ` w`‡q evwj Øviv c~iY Kiv nq| 3) wcÖ-w¯úøwUs ev wcÖwkwUs : G c×wZ‡Z cwimxgv eivei wWªwjs Gi Øviv wQ`ª Kiv nq Ges e¨eavb 45 †mwg †_‡K 90 †mwg Gi g‡a¨ ivLv nq| Zvici g~j Lb‡b we‡ùviY NUv‡bvi c~‡e©B GLv‡b we‡ùviY NUv‡bv nq| 18) I‡qj : Lb‡bi g‡a¨ Lvov Z³v ev avZe cvZ¸‡jv‡K ¯^¯
v‡b a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ GK ai‡bi AbyfywgK exg e¨envi Kiv nq| G‡K I‡qj e‡j| 19) j¨vwMs : Mfxi Lb‡b Lvovfv‡e 1.5 wgUvi n‡Z 3 wgUvi ci ci AvK…wZi cvB‡ji †d¬Ä¸‡jv Lb‡bi av‡ii mv‡_ mgvšÍiv‡j †i‡L ¯
vcb Kiv nq| GB AvK…wZi cvB‡ji wcQ‡b AbyfzwgKfv‡e †h Z³v jvMv‡bv nq Zv‡K j¨vwMs e‡j| 20) gvwU LbbKv‡j cvZKiY I Uvbv eÜbxKiY : hw` Lb‡bi MfxiZv 4 wgUv‡ii †ewk Mfx‡i bv hvq, Z‡e Lb‡bi mxgvbvi Pvwiw`‡K mvwie×fv‡e Lvov Z³v ev avZe †h c×wZ‡Z Lb‡bi wb¤œZ‡ji Mfx‡i cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq, Zv‡K cvZKiY e‡j| Avi ÷ªv‡Ui mvnv‡h¨ cvZKiY‡K kw³kvjx Kivi c×wZ‡K Vvbv eÜKxKiY e‡j| 21) cvZKiY I Uvbv eÜbxKiY Gi D‡Ïk¨ : 1) Lb‡bi cvk¦© fvOv cÖwZ‡iva Kiv 2) AvjMv I big gvwU‡Z Lbb Ki‡Z n‡j 3) Lb‡bi MfxiZv I PIov Lye †ewk n‡j 4) mve m‡q‡j cvwb _vK‡j 22) kxU cvBj : gvwU‡K a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ cvkvcvwk †h cvBj e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K kxU cvBj e‡j| Avi G kxU cvB‡ji Øviv †h †`Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K kxU cvBj ‡`Iqvj e‡j|

23) K¨vw›Uwjfvi kxU cvB‡ji Ici †h mKj Pvc KvR K‡i : K) Iqv‡ji wcQ‡bi gvwUi cÖZ¨ÿ Pvc L) †WªR jvB‡bi wbP †`Iqv‡ji m¤§y‡L gvwUi c‡ivÿ Pvc M) †`Iqv‡ji Dfq w`‡K cvwbZj GKB mgZ‡j bv _vK‡j cvwbi Pvc we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e 24) A¨vsKiW evé‡nW : A¨vsKiW evé‡nW Ggb GKwU KvVv‡gv, hv emv‡bv MfxiZvi Dc‡ii Ask‡K GK ev GKvwaK UvDqvi‡K gvwUi mgvšÍiv‡j ev wKQz wb‡P w`‡q A¨vsKi wnmv‡e Uvb w`‡q a‡i iv‡L| GUv wWRvBb Kivi mgq †h mKj welq we‡ePbv Kiv nq : 1) Bg‡eW‡g›U •`N©¨ 2) A¨vsKi ev UvB i‡Wi Uvbv e‡ji gvb 3) kx‡Ui †mKkb wWRvBb

25) kxU cvB‡ji myweav mg~n : 1) GUv wewfbœ Rjvk‡qi cv‡ii fvOb cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 2) W¨v‡gi wb‡Pi evav †`Iqvj wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i 3) KvVv‡gvi wfwËi ÿqcÖvßZv †iva K‡i 4) wfwËi Lv‡`i cv‡k¦©i fvOb †iva K‡i 5) wfwËi cv‡ki gvwU‡K mxgve× iv‡L Ges cvk¦© miY cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 6) gvwU‡K mxgve× iv‡L weavq gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv e„w× cvq 7) fyMf©¯
 cvwb PjvPj‡K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i 8) Lbb KvR PjvP‡ji mgq cv‡ki fe‡bi ‡kvwis wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i 9) GUv IR‡b nvjKv nevi Kvi‡Y mn‡R e¨envi Kiv hvq 10) GUv ÿq nqbv weavq e¨envi Kiv hvq 11) G cvB‡ji •`N©¨ mn‡R e„w× Kiv hvq 12) emv‡bvi mgq GUv AwaK cxob cÖwZ‡iv‡a mÿg 26) †h mKj welq KvVv‡gvi emb‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i : 1) we¯Ívi

2) mylgZv

3) KvVv‡gvi aib

27) ‡h mKj Kvi‡Y wfwËi emb nq : 1) LbbRwbZ Kvi‡Y 2) cvwbZj wb‡P bvgvi Kvi‡Y 3) K¤úbRwbZ Kvi‡Y 4) Kswµ‡Ui Aebgb nIqvi Kvi‡Y 5) cvk¦©¯
 gvwUi ‡jvW e„w×RwbZ Kvi‡Y 6) gvwUi AvqZb n«vmRwbZ Kvi‡Y 28) SW g„wËKv : SW g„wËKv ej‡Z ¯^vfvveK Abycv‡Z wewfbœ AvKv‡ii evwjKYvq MwVZ cvwb †f`¨, wb¤œgvÎvq msbgbxq, D‪P gvÎvi wkqvi kw³ m¤úbœ g„wËKv‡K eySvq| 29) gvwUi J`K ag©mgyn : ¯
zj `vbvi gvwUi Rb¨ ‣KwkKZv, †f`¨Zv, wbtmiY, Zzlvi wµqv

my²`vbvi gvwUi Rb¨ wm³Zvi gvÎv, bg¨Zv mxgv, Zvij¨ mxgv, Zvij¨ myPK

30) wewfbœ cÖKvi gvwU : ¯
zj`vbvi gvwU my²`vbvi gvwU ‡Kv‡nwmf m‡qj bb †Kv‡nwmf m‡qj

50% Gi AwaK gvwU 200 bs Pvjybx w`‡q hvqbv 50% Gi AwaK gvwU 200 bs Pvjybx w`‡q hvq cvwbi Dcw¯
wZ‡Z bg©Zv cÖvß nq| †hgb- cwj I Kv`v cvwbi Dcw¯
wZ‡Z bg©Zv cÖvß nqbv| †hgb- evwj

31) gvwUi Kvh©Kix AvKvi D10 : gvwUi Kvh©Kix AvKvi D10 ej‡Z eySvq †Kvb bgybv g„wËKvi 10% gvwUi KYvi AvKvi my² Ges evwK 90% gvwUi KYvi AvKvi ¯
zj| 32) f‡qW †iwkI, e : bgybv g„wËKvi f‡qW As‡ki AvqZ‡bi ( Vv ) mv‡_ KwVb As‡ki AvqZ‡bi ( Vs ) AbycvZ‡K f‡qW †iwkI e‡j|  e 

Vv Vs

33) c‡ivwmwU, n : bgybv g„wËKvi f‡qW As‡ki AvqZ‡bi ( Vv ) mv‡_ ‡gvU AvqZ‡bi ( V ) AbycvZ‡K c‡ivwmwU e‡j|  n 

Vv V

34) m¤ú„³Zvi gvÎv, S r : bgybv g„wËKvi cvwbi AvqZ‡bi ( Vw ) mv‡_ f‡q‡Wi AvqZ‡bi ( Vv ) AbycvZ‡K m¤ú„³Zvi gvÎv e‡j|  Sr 

Vw  100 Vv

35) Gqvi K‡›U›U, na : bgybv g„wËKvi evZv‡mi AvqZ‡bi ( Va ) mv‡_ †gvU f‡q‡Wi AvqZ‡bi ( Vv ) AbycvZ‡KB Gqvi K‡›U›U e‡j|  ac 

Va  100 Vv

36) IqvUvi K‡›U›U,  : bgybv g„wËKvi cvwbi IR‡bi ( Ww ) mv‡_ KwVb As‡ki IR‡bi ( Ws ) AbycvZ‡KB Gqvi K‡›U›U e‡j|   

Ww  100 Ws

37) ï®‥ GKK IRb,  d : g„wËKvi GKK AvqZ‡bi ï®‥ KwVb As‡ki IRb‡K ky®‥ GKK IRb e‡j|   d 

Ws V

38) m¤ú„³ GKK IRb,  sat : bgybv g„wËKv m¤úyY©iæ‡c m¤ú„³ _vKvKv‡j cÖwZ GKK AvqZ‡bi IRb‡K m¤ú„³ GKK IRb e‡j|   sat 

Wsat V

39) wbgw¾Z GKK IRb,  ' : bgybv g„wËKv cvwb‡Z wbgw¾Z Ae¯
vq GKK AvqZ‡bi IRb‡K wbgw¾Z GKK IRb e‡j|  ' 

Wsub V

40) NbZ¡ myPK, I D : AvjMv Ae¯
vq gvwUi f‡qW †iwkI I cÖvK…wZK Ae¯
v‡b g„wËKvi f‡qW †iwkI Gi cv_©‡K¨i mv‡_ AvjMv Ae¯
v‡b f‡qW †iwkI I me©vwaK Nb‡Z¡ g„wËKvi f‡qW †iwkI Gi cv_©K¨‡K NbZ¡ myPK e‡j|  I D 

emax  e emax  emin

41) wc‡bvwgUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ gvwUi Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ wbiæcY : DcKiY :

1) wcK‡bvwgUvi- 1wU 2) Pzwjø‡Z kyKv‡bv g„wËKv- 500 MÖvg 3) wWmwUì IqvUvi- cwigvYgZ

Kv‡Ri aviv: 1) cÖ_‡g wcK‡bvwgUviwU fvjfv‡e ay‡q, ïwK‡q wb‡q IRb Kiv nq| Gi IRb W1 gm 2) Gevi wcK‡bvwgUviG 400 MÖvg bgybv gvwU Avbylw½K Dcv`vbmgyn mn cybivq Gi IRb †bqv nq| Gi IRb W2 gm

3) Gevi wcK‡bvwgUviwU A‡a©K wWmwUì IqvUvi G cyY© K‡i Møvm i‡Wi mvnv‡h¨ †b‡o wb‡q evwK Ask wWmwUì IqvUvi G cyY© K‡i DËgiæ‡c SvKv‡bv nq| 4) Gici KwbK¨vj eªvk K¨vc, Iqvkvi mwVKfv‡e ¯
vcb K‡i ¯…z Gi mvnv‡h¨ fvjfv‡e AvU‡K w`‡Z nq Ges Wªcv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ wcK‡bvwgUvi Gi evwK Ask wWmwUì IqvUvi G cyY© Kiv nq 5) Gevi wcK‡bvwgUv‡ii evB‡ii Ask fvjfv‡e cwi¯‥vi K‡i wb‡q wbLyuZfv‡e Gi IRb ‡bIqv nq| Gi IRb W3 gm 6) IRb ‡bevi ci wcK‡bvwgUv‡ii †fZ‡ii mKj gvwU †d‡j w`‡q wcK‡bvwgUviwU fvjfv‡e ay‡q †bIqv nq| Ges GUv wWmwUì IqvUvi G m¤úyY© cyY© K‡i cybivq IRb †bIqv nq| Gi IRb W4 gm djvdj : bgybv g„wËKvi Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡, G 

W2  W1 (W2  W1 )  (W3  W4 )

42) †÷vKmÕ j Gi Abygvb mZ¨¸‡jv wb¤œiæc : 1) my²`vbvi g„wËKvi cÖ‡Z¨KwU KYv †MvjK AvK…wZi 2) cÖ‡Z¨KwU g„wËKv KYvi NbZ¡ mgvb 3) A‡cÿvK…Z †gvUv g„wËKv `vbv¸‡jv my²`vbvi `vbv¸‡jvi Zzjbvq Kg mg‡q w_Zv‡e 43) g„wËKvi bg¨Zv : wbw`©ó Rjxq gvÎvq wPoaivnxb AÿZ Ae¯
vq gywËKvi weK…wZ nIqv mvg‡_©‡K g„wËKvi bg¨Zv ejv nq| 44) g„wËKvi Zvij¨ mxgv : me©vwaK †h cwigvY cvwb gvÎvq †Kvb g„wËKv cøvw÷K Ae¯
v n‡Z Zij Ae¯
vq hvevi cÖeYZv †`Lvq, H cwigvY cvwb gvÎv‡K g„wËKvi Zvij¨ mxgv e‡j| 45) bg¨Zv myPK : g„wËKvi Zvij¨ mxgv I bg¨Zv mxgvi cv_©K¨‡K bg¨Zv myPK e‡j| 46) †d¬v Bb‡W· : GUvi Øviv †d¬v Kv‡f©i Xvj‡K eySvq| †d¬v Bb‡W·, I F 

1  2 log10

N2 N1

47) Zvij¨ myPK : Zvij¨ myPK 100% n‡j g„wËKv Zi‡ji b¨vq AvPiY K‡i| Ges cøvw÷K mxgvq g„wËKvi Zvij¨ m~PK 0 nq| Zvij¨ myPK, I L 

 p L   p

48) Uvd‡bm Bb‡W· : ‡Kvb g„wËKvi cøvw÷wmwU Bb‡W· I †d¬v Bb‡W· Gi AbycvZ‡K Uvd‡bm Bb‡W· e‡j| 49) w_‡·vUªwc : ¯úk©RwbZ Kvi‡Y g„wËKvi †h †Kvb ai‡Yi cwieZ©b‡K w_‡·vUªwc ejv nq| gvwU‡K wi‡gvì Ki‡j Zvi kw³ K‡g wKšÍ cvwbi gvÎv n«vm bv K‡i wKQz mgq w¯
i Ae¯
vq †i‡L w`‡j cybivq cy‡e©i kw³ cÖvß nq| gvwUi w_‡·vUªwci `iæY GUv N‡U _v‡K| 50) ms‡KvPb mxgv : m‡e©v‪P †h cwigvY cvwb gvÎvq gvwU n‡Z cvwb Kgv‡jI gvwUi AvqZb K‡gbv, Zv‡K gvwUi ms‡KvPb mxgv e‡j|

51) GUvievM© wjwgU : Kv`vRvZxq g„wËKv †h cwigvY cvwb aviY mxgvq GK Ae¯
v n‡Z Ab¨ Ae¯
vq cwiewZ©Z nq, H cvwb aviY mxgv‡K Kbwmm‡UwÝ mxgv ev GUvievM© wjwgU ejv nq| 52) bg¨Zv mxgv : ‡h cvwb aviY gvÎvq mskw³ cÖeY gvwUi bg¨Zv •ewkó¨ nviv‡bvi cÖeYZv †`Lv †`q, Zv‡K g„wËKvi bg¨Zv mxgv e‡j| 53) g„wËKvi †f`¨Zv : g„wËKvi avivevwnK f‡q‡Wi gva¨‡g Gi wfZi w`‡q cvwb ev Ab¨ †Kvb Zij c`v_©‡K cÖevwnZ n‡Z †`evi ¸Y‡K g„wËKvi †f`¨Zv e‡j| 54) Wvwm©i myÎ : ¯^vfvweK cÖevnKv‡j m¤ú„³ g„wËKvq cÖev‡ni nvi ev GKK mg‡q ÿi‡Yi cwigvY nvBWªwjK †MÖwW‡q‡›Ui mv‡_ mgvYycvwZK| A_©vr- q  kiA 55) g„wËKvi Kbmwj‡Wkb : m¤úyY© m¤ú„³ g„wËKvq w¯
i wbðj Pvcve‡ji Kvi‡Y msbgb‡KB g„wËKvi Kbmwj‡Wkb e‡j| 56) KbdvBwbs †cÖmvi : Kbmwj‡Wkb ch©v‡q bgybv g„wËKvi AvwÿK cÖwZmvg¨ Ae¯
vq mKj w`K n‡Z mggvÎvq †h †cÖmvi cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq Zv‡K KbdvBwbs †cÖmvi e‡j| 57) Kbmwj‡Wk‡bi avcmgyn : 1) cÖviw¤¢K Kbmwj‡Wkb

2) cÖv_wgK Kbmwj‡Wkb

3) gva¨wgK Kbmwj‡Wkb

58) gva¨wgK Kbmwj‡Wkb : g„wËKvi cÖv_wgK Kbmwj‡Wkb mgvwßi ciI Gi AvqZb ax‡i ax‡i Kg‡Z _v‡K| GgbwK cÖhy³ ms‡bvwgZ e‡ji cÖfv‡e m„ó nvBWª‡÷wUK e‡ji m¤úyY© Aegyw³i ciI wKQzUv Kbmwj‡Wkb nq| GB †k‡li w`‡Ki Kbmwj‡Wk‡bi cwigvY‡K gva¨wgK Kbmwj‡Wkb e‡j| 59) e log P Kvf© : K‡¤úªkb ‡U‡÷ cÖwZev‡i Pvc cÖ‡qv‡Mi ci Pv‡ci cwigvY‡K jM †¯‥‡j fzwg I H mg‡qi †¯úwm‡g‡bi f‡qW †iwkI‡K Ad‡mU a‡i †h Kvf© AsKb Kiv nq Zv‡K e log P Kvf© e‡j| 60) g„wËKvi Kgc¨vKkb : g„wËKvq Aw¯
i m‪Qj Pvcv ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j g„wËKvi f‡q‡Wi evqy AcmvwiZ nq| g„wËKvi AvqZb n«vm cvq Ges g„wËKv `„pve× nq| G cÖK…qv‡K g„wËKvi Kgc¨vKkb e‡j| 61) fz¯Íi Z`šÍ Ki‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ : 1) †Kvb wbw`©ó KvVv‡gvi wfwËi aiY I MfxiZv Rvbvi Rb¨ 2) g„wËKvi fvienb ÿgZv Rvbv Rb¨ 3) fzwb¤œ¯
 cvwb mgZv I cvwbi ¸Yvejx Rvbvi Rb¨ 4) gvwU †`‡e hvIqvi KviY Rvbvi Rb¨ 5) Dc‡hvMx wbg©vY †K․kj wbe©vP‡bi Rb¨ 6) g„wËKvi cvk¦©Pvc m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi Rb¨ 7) wfwËi wewfbœ mgm¨v Rvbvi Rb¨ 8) cy‡e© wbwg©Z KvVv‡gvi wbivcËv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨

62) g„wËKvi AÿZ bgybv : ‡h g„wËKv bgybvi g„wËKvq cÖvK…wZK Ae¯
v‡bi ‡f․wZK I hvwš¿K ag©vejx, cxob, ¯^w‪Q`ªZv, MÖ_b ‣kjx, Rjxq KYv BZ¨vw` AweK„Z _v‡K Zv‡K gvwUi AÿZ bgybv e‡j| 63) g„wËKvi weÿZ bgybv : ‡h g„wËKv bgybvi g„wËKvq cÖvK…wZK Ae¯
v‡bi ‡f․wZK I hvwš¿K ag©vejx, cxob, ¯^w‪Q`ªZv, MÖ_b ‣kjx, Rjxq KYv BZ¨vw` weÿZ nq Zv‡K gvwUi weÿZ bgybv e‡j| 64) †cwb‡Uªkb msL¨v : Av`k© †cwb‡Uªkb cixÿv bgybv msMÖnKv‡j 65 †KwR IR‡bi n¨vgv‡ii AvNv‡Z 450 wgwjwgUvi cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq| Gi g‡a¨ 1g 150 wgwjwgUvi cÖ‡e‡ki Rb¨ n¨vgv‡ii Nv msL¨v wnmve Kiv nqbv| cieZ©x 300 wgwjwgUvi cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ Nv msL¨v‡K †cwb‡Uªkb msL¨v e‡j| 65) g„wËKvi mwµq Pvc : g„wËKv †h Pv‡c †Vm KvVv‡gvi fivU mvgMÖxi wecixZ w`‡K m‡i hvq Zv‡K g„wËKvi mwµq Pvc e‡j| 66) g„wËKvi wb‡ðó Pvc : g„wËKv †h Pv‡c †Vm KvVv‡gvi fivU mvgMÖxi msbgb N‡U Zv‡K g„wËKvi mwµq Pvc e‡j| 67) MÖæc Bb‡W· : iv¯Ívi mve‡MÖ‡Wi Rb¨ gvwUi Dchy³Zv wbY©‡qi Rb¨ MÖæc Bb‡W· cixÿv Kiv nq| Gi gvb hZ †ewk n‡e, H gvwU mve‡MÖ‡Wi Rb¨ ZZ Aby‡cvhy³ n‡e| GUv abvZ¥K c~Y© msL¨vq cÖKvk Kiv nq| MÖæc Bb‡W· Gi myÎ : G.I  ( F  35) [0.2  0.005( LL  40)]  0.01( F 15)(I p  10) GLv‡b, F  200 bs Pvjybx‡Z AwZµgbxq g„wËKvi IR‡bi kZKiv nvi LL  Zvij¨ mxgv I P  bg¨Zv mxgv 67) cvqv‡ii fvienb ÿgZv wbY©‡qi m~Î : Qu  q p Ap  f s As









Qu  q N q Ap  K v  v tan  As

GLv‡b,

q p  cªv‡šÍi GKK cÖwZeÜK q  ‡eB‡mi Kvh©Kix Dj¤^ Pvc

 v  ‡h †Kvb MfxiZvq Kvh©Kix Dj¤^ Pvc tan   Nl©Y mnM K v  cvk¦©xq gvwUi Pv‡ci mnM Ap  ‡eB‡Ri ‡ÿÎdj As  k¨vd‡Ui c„ô †ÿÎdj

68) evwji Ici i¨vd‡Ui †bU Pig fvienb ÿgZv wbY©‡qi m~Î : 1 Qnf  B N  D N q  1 2

GLv‡b,

qnf  i¨vd‡Ui †bU Pig fvienb ÿgZv

  gvwUi GKK IRb D  i¨vdU wfwËi MfxiZv B  i¨vd‡Ui cÖ¯
 N q , N  fvienb ÿgZvi ¸YK

69) wfwËi em‡bi cwigvY wbb©‡qi dg©yjv : S

Cc P  P H log10 0 1  e0 P0

GLv‡b, H  Kv`vgvwU bgybvi MfxiZv e0  cÖviw¤¢K dvuKv AbycvZ Cc  msbgK m~PK P0  cÖviw¤¢K Pvc 70) myÿ`vbvi gvwUi Rb¨ †h mKj cixÿv Kiv nq : 1) Zvij¨Zv I ¯úk©KvZiZv (Consistancy and Sensibility) 2) GUvievM© wjwgU (Atterberg Limit) 3) Zvij¨ myPK (Liquidity Index) 4) bg¨Zv myPK (Plasticity Index) 71) g„wËKvi ¯úk©KvZiZv : cÖvK…wZK Ae¯
v‡b mskw³cÖeY g„wËKvi GKwU wbw`©ó KvVv‡gv _v‡K| hLb G g„wËKv‡K weÿß K‡i wi‡gvì Kiv nq, ZLb GUvi KvVv‡gvMZ cwieZ©b N‡U| Ges D³ g„wËKvi cÖ‡K․kjMZfv‡e a‡g© cwieZ©b mvwaZ nq| AÿZ Ae¯
vq g„wËKvi kw³i cwigv‡Yi mv‡_ mgcvwb gvÎvq wi‡gvì Kivi ci, G‡Z cÖvß kw³i cwigv‡bi AbycvZ‡K g„wËKvi ¯úk©KvZiZv ejv nq| 72) g„wËKvi †f`¨Zvq cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix welq mgyn : 1) g„wËKvi `vbvi AvKvi AvK…wZ 2) wQ`ªw¯
Z cÖevnxi ag© 3) g„wËKvi f‡qW †iwkI 4) g„wËKvi KYvi KvVv‡gvMZ web¨vm 5) Af¨šÍixY evqexq c`v_© I Ac`ªe¨ 6) K`©g g„wËKv KZ©„K †kvwlZ cvwb

Uªvm (Truss) 1) Qv` : `vjv‡bi me© Dc‡ii Ask hv KvVv‡gvi Kfvwis wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i Ges AvenvIqvi cÖfve †_‡K `vjvb‡K iÿv K‡i Zv‡K Qv` e‡j| 2) Uªvm : Xvjy Qv` wbg©v‡bi Rb¨ †h wÎfzRvKvi †d«g e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K Uªvm e‡j| hLb ¯ú¨vb 5 wgUv‡ii AwaK nq ZLb G RvZxq Qv` wbg©vY Kiv nq| 3) mvaviY ivdUvi : gUKv †_‡K QvP ch©šÍ Qv‡`i Xv‡jb mgvšÍivj KvV¸‡jv‡K mvaviY ivdUvi e‡j| Gi gvc nj :2 m ¯ú¨vb Gi Rb¨ 5 cm  7.5 cm 3 m ¯ú¨vb Gi Rb¨ 5 cm  12.5 cm

G ivdUvi ¸‡jv 30 †_‡K 45 †mwg e¨eav‡b emv‡bv nq 4) cviwjb : gUKvi Kv‡Vi mgvšÍiv‡j †h KvV¸‡jv ivdUvi Gi Dci emv‡bv nq Zv‡K cviwjb e‡j| GUv Qv‡`i fvi enb K‡i wb‡P Aew¯
Z ivdUv‡ii Ici †mB fvi b¨v¯Í K‡i| G¸‡jv mvaviYZ 7.5 cm  10 cm †_‡K 10 cm  12.5 cm AvKv‡ii n‡q _v‡K| 5) wnc ivdUvi : gUKv n‡Z QvP Gi KY©vi ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z ivdUvi ‡K wnc ivdUvi e‡j| Gi mvnv‡h¨ w·KvbvKvi wnc ev Xvj •Zwi Kiv nq| G¸‡jv mvaviYZ 5 cm  17.5 cm AvKv‡ii n‡q _v‡K| 6) f¨vjx ivdUvi : `ywU Xvjy Qv‡`i wgwjZ wb¤œ cÖvšÍ‡K f¨vjx e‡j| GB f¨vjx eivei †h ivdUvi ¯
vcb Kiv nq Zv‡K f¨vjx ivdUvi e‡j| 7) wK¬U : cÖavb ivdUvi Gi mv‡_ cviwjb‡K AvUKv‡bvi Rb¨ wK¬U e¨invi Kiv nq| cviwjb hv‡Z wbR RvqMv †_‡K m‡i wb‡P †b‡g bv Av‡m †mRb¨ GUv e¨envi Kiv nq| 8) Iqvj †cøU : cviwjb A_ev gUKvi mgvšÍiv‡j ivdUvi emv‡bvi Rb¨ Iqv‡ji Ici †h †cøU e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K Iqvj †cøU e‡j| GUv mvaviYZ 10 cm  7.5 cm AvKv‡ii n‡q _v‡K| 9) M¨ve‡jU : `yPvjv Qv‡`i `yw`‡Ki w·KvbvKvi Ask‡K †Mej e‡j| Gi AvKvi †QvU n‡j Zv‡K M¨ve‡jU e‡j| 10) f¨vjx MvUvi : f¨vjx Gi †fZi hv‡Z e„wói cvwb bv c‡i †mRb¨ f¨vjx eivei b`©gv jvwM‡q e„wói cvwb miv‡Z nq| G‡K f¨vjx MvUvi e‡j|

11) wKs †cvó I KzBb ‡cvó Uªv‡mi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : wKs ‡cvó Uªvm ¯ú¨vb •`N©¨ 5-8 wgUvi n‡j GB Uªvm wWRvBb Kiv nq GB Uªv‡mi ga¨eZ©x ¯
v‡b GKwU Lvov ‡cvó _v‡K hv‡K wKs †cvó e‡j ‡÷ªwbs exg I †÷ªwbs wmj Gi cÖ‡qvRb c‡ibv cÖavb ivdUvi Øq Gi Dc‡ii cÖvšÍ‡K wiR wcP Gi mv‡_ AvUKv‡bv nq

KzBb ‡cvó Uªvm ¯ú¨vb •`N©¨ 8-12 wgUvi n‡j GB Uªvm wWRvBb Kiv nq GB Uªv‡mi `yB cv‡k `ywU Lvov †cvó _v‡K hv‡K KyBb †cvó e‡j cÖ‡qvRb c‡i cÖavb ivdUvi Øq Gi Dc‡ii cÖvšÍ KzBb †cv‡ói gv_vq wM‡q †kl nq

12) Kv‡Vi Uªv‡mi Zzjbvq w÷j Uªv‡mi myweav : 1) Kv‡Vi Uªvm A‡cÿv ÷xj Uªvm A‡bK †ewk kw³kvjx 2) ÷xj Uªvm A‡bK †ewk nvjKv Ges †h †Kvb AvKv‡i •Zwi Kiv hvq 3) ÷xj Uªvm †h †Kvb ¯ú¨v‡b e¨envi Kiv hvq| cÿvšÍ‡i Kv‡Vi Uªvm 15 wgUvi ¯ú¨v‡bi ch©šÍ myweavRbK 4) Kv‡Vi Uªv‡mi Zzjbvq ÷xj Uªvm DËg AwMœ wb‡ivaK 5) ÷xj Uªvm‡K DB‡cvKvq ÿwZ Ki‡Z cv‡ibv 6) G‡Z gvjvgv‡ji AcPq Kg nq 7) IR‡b nvjKv nevi Kvi‡Y mn‡R ¯
vbvšÍi Kiv hvq 8) mg‡qi AcPq Kg nq 13) wd« ewW : †mKkb jvBb Øviv Avjv`vK…Z Uªv‡mi †h †Kvb Ask‡K wd« ewW e‡j| GB c×wZ‡Z Uªv‡mi wewfbœ †g¤^v‡i mv¤§ve¯
vi myÎ cÖ‡qvM cÖwZwU †g¤^v‡ii ej wbY©q Kiv nq| 14) cvi‡d± †d«g : ‡jvW cÖ‡qv‡M AvK…wZi †Kvb cwieZ©b QvovB hw` †d«gwU‡Z mv¤§ve¯
v weivR K‡i Ges mv¤§ve¯
vi my‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ †g¤^vi¸‡jvi ej wbY©q Kiv hvq Z‡e Giæc cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K †g¤^vi Gi mgš^‡q MwVZ †d«g‡K cvi‡d± †d«g e‡j| 15) Bgcvi‡d± †d«g : cÖ‡qR‡bi †ewk ev Kg msL¨K †g¤^v‡ii mgš^‡q MwVZ Uªvm‡K Bgcvi‡d± ‡d«g e‡j| Uªvm Gi †g¤^vi mgy‡ni msL¨v N  2 j  3 Gi Kg ev †ewk n‡ebv| 16) ‡ev Gi A¼ cvZb : Uªv‡mi †g¤^vi Ges †jvW¸‡jv‡K ‡ev Gi ‡bv‡Ukb Abyhvqx wPwýZ Kiv nq| G c×wZ‡Z Uªv‡mi †¯úm WvqvMÖv‡gi cÖwZwU †jvW Ges †g¤^vi Gi Dfq cv‡k Bs‡iwR eo Aÿi emv‡bv nq| hvi d‡j cÖwZwU †jvW Ges †g¤^vi‡K `ywU Aÿi Øviv mbv³ Kiv m¤¢e nq| mvaviYZ Aÿi¸‡jv‡K Nwoi KvuUvi gyLx ewm‡q cÖwZwU R‡q‡›U †jvW Ges †g¤^vi¸‡jv‡K bvgKiY Kiv nq| 17) wewfbœ cÖKvi eªxR Uªv‡mi bvg : 1) cÖvU Uªvm 5) evwë‡gvi Uªvm

2) †nv Uªvm 6) †cwUU Uªvm

3) Iqv‡ib Uªvm 7) †K Uªvm

4) cvK©vi Uªvm 8) ûB‡cj Uªvm

18) Uªv‡mi ej wbb©‡qi †g․wjK avivmgyn : 1) Uªv‡mi mg¯Í †g¤^vi¸‡jv Zv‡`i †kl cÖv‡šÍ Nl©Y wenxb wcb ev wnÄW ev KeRv Øviv hy³ _vK‡e 2) ewnt¯
 †jvW Ges cÖwZwµqv ejmgyn †KejgvÎ R‡q‡›U wµqvkxj n‡e 3) UªvmwU cvi‡d± n‡e 4) †jvW cÖ‡qv‡Mi †g¤^v‡ii •`‡N©¨ n«vm-e„w× we‡ePbv Kiv n‡e bv 5) †g¤^v‡ii wbR¯^ ewY©Z bv _vK‡j, cÖ‡qvMK…Z IR‡bi Zzjbvq †g¤^vi‡K IRbnxb ai‡Z n‡e|

‡ijI‡q BwÄwbqvwis 1) †ij‡MR : ‡ijmo‡K Aew¯
Z cvwkvcvwk `ywU †i‡ji GKwUi wfZ‡ii avi n‡Z AciwUi wfZ‡ii avi ch©šÍ `yiZ¡‡K †ij‡MR e‡j| 2) wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii †ij †MR Ges Zv‡`i gvc : bvg eªW‡MR ÷¨vÛvW© †MR wgUvi †MR b¨v‡iv †MR

cwigvc (wgwjwgUvi) 1676, 1670, 1600, 1451, 1451 1067, 1000, 915 762, 610

1524

3) wewfbœ cÖKvi †ij : 1) Wvvj †n‡WW †ij 2) eyj †n‡WW †ij 3) d¬¨vc dz‡UW †ij 4) 90 cvDÛ ev 45 †KwR †ij : 1 MR †i‡ji •`N©¨ hw` 90 cvDÛ nq Z‡e Zv‡K 90 cvDÛ †ij e‡j| GKB fv‡e 1 wgUvi †i‡ji •`N©¨ hw` 45 †KwR nq Z‡e Zv‡K 45 †KwR †ij e‡j| †mKkb Ae †ij ej‡Z 90 cvD‡Ûi 1 MR ev 45 †KwRi 1 wgUvi †ij‡K eySvq| 5) ‡Kvwbs Ae ûBj wK ? Gi Amyweav mgyn ‡jL : ‡ij PvKvi †d¬Ä‡K cÖvq 1 : 20 Xv‡j k¼z AvK…wZi K‡i •Zwi Kiv nq| G‡K †Kvwbs Ae ûBj e‡j| ‡Kvwbs Ae ûB‡ji Amyweavmgyn nj : 1) †ij PvKvi AbyfzwgK Pv‡c Bbvi †ij AvDUvi ‡ij †_‡K `ªæZ ÿq nq 2) †ij PvKvi AbyfzwgK Pv‡c ewnt¯
 †ij evB‡ii w`‡K †V‡j w`‡Z Pvq 3) Dfq †i‡j AbyfzwgK †ewÛs †÷ªm m„wó nq 4) †i‡ji Dci †jvW Amgfv‡e cwZZ n‡j w¯øcvi †f‡½ †h cv‡i 6) †ij e¨_© nevi KviY : 1) gv_v †f‡½ †M‡j 2) wZh©K dvUj ev MZ© n‡j 3) gv_v wP‡i †M‡j 4) AbyfzwgK dvUj 5) eM©vKvi ev †KvYvKzwb fv‡e †f‡½ hvIqv 7) ‡ij dv‡mwbs : ‡h mKj DcKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ †ij‡K w¯øcvi Gi mv‡_ ms‡hvM †`Iqv nq Zv‡`i‡K †ij dv‡mwbs e‡j| 8) weqvwis †cøU : d¬vU dz‡UW †ij‡K w¯øcv‡ii mv‡_ AvUKv‡bvi Rb¨ †h †Pqvi e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K weqvwis †cøU e‡j| 9) wdm †cøU : `wyU †ij‡K G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ ms‡hvM †`evi Rb¨ GUv e¨envi Kiv nq| Gi •`N©¨ mvaviYZ 40 †_‡K 45 †mwg n‡q _v‡K|

10) w¯øcv‡ii Mv‡q †jLv kv-05 Gi A_© : w¯øcv‡ii Mv‡q †jLv kv-05 Gi A_© ej‡Z eySvq w¯øcviwU kvj KvVi •Zwi Ges GwU 2005 mv‡j emv‡bv n‡q‡Q| 11) w¯øcv‡ii Mv‡q †jLv ‡g-60 Gi A_© : w¯øcv‡ii Mv‡q †jLv ‡g-60 Gi A_© ej‡Z eySvq w¯øcviwU ‡g gv‡mi 2060 mv‡j emv‡bv n‡q‡Q| 12) w¯øcv‡ii NbZ¡ : GKwU w¯øcvi G hZwU w¯øcvi e¨envi Kiv nq Zvi msL¨v‡K w¯øcv‡ii NbZ¡ e‡j| 13) e¨vjv÷ ew·s : w¯øcv‡ii bovPov eÜ Kivi Rb¨ Gi Pvicv‡k e¨vjv÷ wQwU‡q †`Iqvi KvR‡K e¨vjv÷ ew·s e‡j| 14) e¨vjv‡÷i AvKvi : e¨vjv‡÷i UzKiv 19 n‡Z 62 wgwjwgUvi ch©šÍ Ges me‡P‡q eo 75 wgwjwgUvi ch©šÍ n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e mvaviYZ 19 †_‡K 50 wgwjwgUvi AvKv‡ii e¨vjv÷ e¨envi Kiv nq| ** e¨vjv‡÷i MfxiZv wbY©‡qi myÎ : D

SB 2

GLv‡b, S  w¯øcv‡ii †¯úwms Ges B  w¯øcv‡ii PIov 15) e¨vjv÷ Pvjv ev w¯…wbs : ‡ijMvwo PjvP‡j e¨vjv‡÷i wKQz wKQz Ask cvDWv‡i cwibZ nq| Ges Gi mv‡_ ‡jv‡Kv‡gvwUf n‡Z AvMZ QvB, ayjevwj wg‡k e¨vjv‡÷i ga¨w¯
Z dvK eÜ K‡i †`qv Ges cvwb A‡f`¨ Ae¯
vi m„wó K‡i| Giæc Ae¯
vq e¨vjv‡÷i wgwkÖZ cvBWvi QvB BZ¨vw` AcmviY Kivi Rb¨ Pvjybx‡Z Pvjv nq| G KvR‡K e¨vjv÷ Pvjv e‡j| 16) wmbWvi : ev®úxq BwÄb ev eqjvi n‡Z cÖvß †cvov Kqjv‡K wmbWvi e‡j| 17) fvj e¨vjv‡÷i •ewkó¨ : 1) GKwU DËg e¨vjv‡÷i h‡_ó cwigvY Pvc mn¨ Kivi ÿgZv _vK‡e| 2) wewQbœ _vKevi gZ ÿgZvkvjx n‡e| 3) jvB‡bi wb‡P w¯
i _vKevi gZ ÿgZv _vK‡Z n‡e| 4) DËg e¨vjv÷ AZ¨waK cvwb †kvlY Ki‡e bv| 5) DËg e¨vjv÷ †ijmo‡Ki cvwb wb®‥vkb Kivi gZ ÿgZv _vK‡e| 6) DËg e¨vjv‡÷i ÿq cÖwZ‡iva Kivi gZ ÿgZv _vK‡e| Ges G¸‡jv f½yi n‡e bv| 7) G¸‡jv `v‡g m¯Ív n‡e| 8) †ij mo‡Ki †gUv‡ji mv‡_ G¸‡jv †Kvb ivmvqwbK wewµqv NUv‡e bv| 18) e¨vjv÷ c¨vwKs : w¯øcv‡ii wb‡P cv_i KzwP ¸wZ‡q ¸wZ‡q cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv‡K e¨vjv÷ c¨vwKs e‡j| 19) e¨vjv÷ wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ 8wU Dcvv`b : 1) UzK‡iv cv_i 2) B‡Ui †Lvqv 5) Kqjv KvKi 6) gyivg

3) evwj 7) K¼i

4) MÖv‡fj 8) wbe©vwPZ gvwU

20) ‡i‡ji wµc : ‡Kvb †ij mo‡K e¨eüZ †ij¸‡jv jvBb †_‡K m‡i hvIqv‡K †i‡ji wµc e‡j| 21) †i‡ji wµ‡ci KviY : 1) Mvwoi Pjvi cÖvi‡¤¢ ev Mvwo _vgevi Kv‡j e‡ji cÖfve 2) Mvwoi PvKvi †XD ‡Ljv‡bv MwZ 3) av°vi cÖfve 4) Ab¨vb¨ 22) µxc cÖwZ‡iv‡ai e¨e¯
vmgyn : 1) Av¨vsKi cvZ e¨envi K‡i 2) µxc †cøU ev cÖwZ‡ivaa cvZ e¨envi K‡i 3) K¬v¤ú Gi mvnv‡h¨ 4) w÷j w¯øcvi e¨envi K‡i 23) euv‡Ki wWMÖx : ‡Kvb evu‡Ki 30 wgUvi R¨v Gi †K‡›`ª hZ wWMÖx †KvY Drcbœ K‡i Zv‡K evu‡Ki wWMÖx e‡j| 24) wkdU : moKc_ I e„ËvKvi c‡_i gv‡S µvwšÍ evuK ¯
vcb Ki‡Z n‡j e„ËvKvi evuK‡e Zvi Avw` Ae¯
vb †_‡K wfZ‡ii w`‡K wKQzUv mwi‡q Avbv nq| Gi cwigvY‡K wkdU e‡j| 25) µvwšÍ evuK : iv¯Ívi mij Ask I eËvKvi evu‡Ki gv‡S µgvš^‡q cwieZ©bkxj †h Awae„ËvKvi evuK ¯
vcb Kiv nq Zv‡K µvwšÍ evuK e‡j| 26) µvwšÍ evu‡Ki cÖ‡qvRbxqZv : 1) hvbevnb‡K †mvRv jvBb n‡Z e„ËvKvi jvB‡b Ges e„ËvKvi jvBb n‡Z †mvRv jvB‡b mn‡R Avbqb Kivi Rb¨ 2) nVvr w`K cwieZ©b cwinvi Kivi Rb¨ 3) ‡ij mo‡Ki †ÿ‡Î evB‡ii w`‡Ki †ij‡K cÖej ÿ‡qi nvZ n‡Z iÿv Kivi Rb¨ 4) hvbevn‡bi wfZ‡ii Ges evB‡ii PvKvi Dci mgvb fvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨| 5) †K›`ªvwZM e‡ji gvb ïb¨ †_‡K evwo‡q wbw`©ó cwigvY Kiv hv‡Z me©Î Mvwoi fvi I †K›`ªvwZM e‡ji jwä ej mgZj mo‡Ki mgZ‡j _v‡K| 6) evu‡Ki gvÎv ïb¨ †_‡K evwo‡q wbw`©ó cwigvY Kiv hv‡Z e„ËvKvi cÖvi‡¤¢B wbw`©ó gv‡bi e¨vmva© cvIqv hvq| 7) mycvi Gwj‡fk‡bi gvb ïb¨ †_‡K evwo‡q e„ËvKvi ev‡Ki cÖvi‡¤¢B cyY© mycvi Gwj‡fkb cvevi Rb¨ 8) hvbevnb‡K `yN©Ubvi nvZ n‡Z iÿv Kivi Rb¨ 9) hvÎx‡`i AevwÂZ SvKzbx I `yN©Ubvi nvZ n‡Z iÿv Kivi Rb¨ 27) mycvi Gwj‡fkb : hvbevnb‡K `yN©Ubvi nvZ n‡Z iÿv Kivi Rb¨ mo‡Ki evu‡K mo‡Ki evB‡ii Ask‡K †fZ‡ii Ask n‡ZwKQzUv DPz Kiv nq| G‡K mycvi Gwj‡fkb e‡j| 28) FbvZ¡K K¨v›U : fvimvg¨ K¨v‡›Ui cwigvY n‡Z K¨v›U NvUwZi cwigvY‡K ev` w`j †h K¨v›U cvIqv hvq Zv‡K FbvZ¡K K¨v›U e‡j|

29) mycvi Gwj‡fkb Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv : 1) wfZi I evwni Dfq PvKvq †jv‡Wi myô e›U‡bi Rb¨ 2) †ivwjs ÷K Ges †i‡j SowZ n«vmKi‡Yi Rb¨ 3) †K›`ªvwZM e‡ji gvb¨ ïb¨ Kivi Rb¨ 4) hvÎx‡`i Avivg`vqK ågY I gvjvgv‡ji wbivc` ¯
vbvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ 30) †h mKj wel‡q mycvi Gwj‡fkb cÖfvweZ nq : 1) Mvwoi MwZ‡eM 2) evu‡Ki wWMÖx 3) mo‡Ki j¤^vjw¤^ Xvj 4) †ij mo‡Ki †ij †MR 5) mo‡Ki wWRvBb MwZ‡eM 6) Mvwoi PvKv I mo‡Ki gv‡S Nl©Y mnM 7) gva¨vKl©YRwbZ Z¡iY 31) †ijI‡q BqvW© : ‡ijI‡q BqvW© ej‡Z wbw`©ó Kv‡R e¨eüZ RvqMv‡K eySvq| GB BqvW© †ijmo‡Ki Avbylw½K KvR †hgb, hvwÎ Ges gvjvgvj DVv‡bv, †ij mo‡Ki †givgZ BZ¨vw` Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq| 32) wewfbœ cÖKvi BqvW© : 1) gvk©vwjs BqvW© : GB Bqv‡W© †Uª‡bi ewM¸‡jv‡K c„_K K‡i cÖ‡qvRb gZ mvwR‡q bZzb †Uªb •Zwi Kiv nq| †Uª‡bi hveZxq †givg‡Zi KvR GB Bqv‡W© Kiv nq| 2) hvÎx BqvW© : GB BqvW© hvÎx‡`i †Uª‡b DVv bvgvi Kv‡R Ges hvÎx‡`i wbivcËv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq| 3) gvjvgvi BqvW© : GB Bqv‡W© gvjvgvj MÖnY, †evSvB Ges Lvjvm Kiv nq| mvaviYZ ¸iæZ¡cyY© †÷kb ¸‡jv‡ZB gvjvgvj BqvW© _v‡K| 4) †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf BqvW© : GB Bqv‡W© †Uªb Gi mvwf©wms I cwi¯‥vi Gi KvR Kiv nq| GLv‡b †Uªb Gi Bwćb †Zj fivi KvR I Kiv nq| 33) Uvwg©bvj †÷kb : ‡h mKj †÷k‡b †Kvb †ij moK †kl n‡q hvq Zv‡K Uvwg©bvj †÷kb e‡j| 34) Rvskb : Rvskb ej‡Z H mKj †÷kb‡K eySvq †hLv‡b wewfbœ w`K n‡Z AvMZ †ij moK GK‡Î wgwjZ nq| Rvsk‡b †Uªb Gi w`K cwieZ©b Kivi KvR I Kiv nq| GLv‡b †Uª‡bi hveZxq †givg‡Zi KvR I †Uªb cwi¯‥vi Kivi KvR I Kiv n‡q _v‡K| 35) në †÷kb : ‡h mKj †÷k‡b hvÎx DVvbvgv Ki‡e wKšÍ †Kvb gvjvgvj DVvbvgv Ki‡e bv Zv‡K në †÷kb e‡j|

36) µwms : †h Kjv‡K․k‡ji gva¨‡g †ij mo‡K †Uª‡bi w`K cwieZ©b Kiv nq Zv‡K µwms e‡j| 37) †ij mo‡K myBP : myBP nj c‡q›U ‡gjv‡bvi Rb¨ hš¿ ev †K․kj we‡kl| Gi mvnv‡h¨ †ij mo‡Ki Ask we‡kl‡K bwo‡q †ij Mvwo‡K GK jvBb n‡Z Ab¨ jvB‡b cwiPvwjZ Kiv nq| GUv Uvs †ij I ÷K †ij Øviv MwVZ| 38) ÷ve myBP : G ai‡Yi myB‡P cÖavb jvB‡bi Ask we‡kl‡K mwi‡q Mvwo‡K GK jvBb n‡Z Ab¨ jvB‡b cwiPvwjZ Kiv nq| 39) wRf †ij : c‡q›U Ges µwms Gi myweavi Rb¨ hLb †i‡ji †Kvb cÖv‡šÍi GKcvk †Pu‡Q µgvš^‡q wPKY Kiv nq ZLb †i‡ji H we‡kl Ask‡K wRf †ij e‡j| 40) ‡PK †ij : ‡ij Mvwo Pjvi mgq GwU †`vj Lvq| G †`vj Lvevi Kvi‡Y †ij jvB‡bi †bvR †f‡½ †h‡Z cv‡i| †ij mo‡Ki ‡bvR Gi G fvsb Gov‡Z †ij mo‡Ki †Kvj †N‡l †fZ‡ii w`‡K †h AwZwi³ †ij e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K †PK †ij e‡j| 41) msiÿb †ij : ‡mZwi Ici Mvwo †Kvb Kvi‡Y jvBbPz¨Z n‡j †Uªb c‡i †h‡Z cv‡i ev †mZzi ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i| GB ÿwZ Gov‡bvi Rb¨ D³ †ij mo‡Ki cv‡k †h AwZwi³ ‡ij e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K msiÿb †ij e‡j| mvaviYZ GUv 25 †mwg e¨eav‡b emv‡bv nq| 42) dvDwjs gvK© : `ywU †ij mo‡Ki ms‡hvM ¯
‡j G wPý ivLv nq| mshy³ jvBb `ywUi GKwU jvB‡b hw` †Kvb Kvi‡Y †Uªb `vov‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb c‡i Zvn‡j ms‡hvM¯
j †_‡K Ggb `yi‡Z¡ †Uªb `vo Kiv‡bv DwPr hv‡Z wecixZ jvBb n‡Z AvMZ †Uªb Gi mv‡_ GB †Uª‡bi †Kvb msNl© bv N‡U| GB mwgv wb‡`©k Kivi Rb¨ dvDwjs gvK© †`Iqv nq| 43) ÷K †ij : wRf †ij cÖavb jvB‡bi ‡h eivei jvMv‡bv _v‡K Zv‡K ÷K †ij e‡j| 44) Uvb© AvDU : †ij Mvwo‡K GK jvBb n‡Z Ab¨ jvB‡b wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ ev Mvwoi w`K cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ †h e¨e¯
v ivLv nq Zv‡K Uvb© AvDU e‡j| 45) Uvb© †Uwej : Bwćbi w`K cwieZ©b Kivi Rb¨ †h e¨e¯
v ivLv nq Zv‡K Uvb© †Uwej e‡j| 46) wmMb¨vwjs : m¤§yLeZ©x moK m¤ú‡K© Pvj‡K AenwZ Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ †h e¨e¯
v ivLv nq Zv‡K wmsb¨vwjs e‡j| wmMb¨vwjs PvjK‡K Zvi mvg‡bi c‡_i Ae¯
v m¤ú‡K© aviYv †`q| 47) Uv‡bj : M¨vm, cq:wb¯‥vkb, cvwb, LwbR`ªe¨ AeR©bv, hvÎx BZ¨vw` cwien‡bi Rb¨ fzM‡f© †h c_ wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K Uv‡bj e‡j| GUv gv‡Ui wbP w`‡q, cvnvwo GjvKv‡Z cvnv‡oi †fZi w`‡q A_ev b`x‡Z cvwbi wbP w`‡q e¨envi Kiv nq|

48) †cvZvkÖq : ‡cvZvkÖq nj mgy`ª DcKz‡j AvswkK cwi‡ewóZ Rj GjvKv †hLv‡b RvnvR wbivc‡` AvkÖq wb‡Z cv‡i| GB¯
v‡b Rvnv‡Ri hveZxq ‡givg‡Zi KvR Kiv nq| 49) †cvZvkÖq Gi D‡Ïk¨ : 1) Rvnvn‡K wbivc‡` AvkÖq cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ 2) mgy‡`ªi cÖwZKzjZv †_‡K RvnvR‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ 3) RvnvR †givgZ I Rvjvbx msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ 4) Rvnv‡R gvjvgvj DVv‡bv ev bvgv‡bvi Rb¨ 5) AvšÍR©vwZK iæ‡Ui RvnvR‡K AvkÖq cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g ewnwe‡k¦i mv‡_ mym¤úK© ¯
vcb Kivi Rb¨ 6) DbœZgv‡bi †cvZvkÖq ißvwb evwbR¨ mnvqK|

Gqvi‡cvU© BwÄqvwis 1) j¨vwÛs w÷c : j¨vwÛs w÷ªc ej‡Z wegvbe›`‡ii H mKj AvqZvKvi moK‡K eySv‡bv nq ‡h¸‡jv wegvb DÇqb I AeZi‡bi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq| 2) G‡ivWªvg : BgviZ, ¯
vcbv, hš¿cvwZ BZ¨vw` mn Rj Ges ¯
jfv‡Mi †h wbw`©ó GjvKvi cy‡iv As‡k ev Askwe‡kl GqviµvdU DÇqb, AeZiY Ges PjvPj K‡i, H mywbw`©ó GjvKv‡K G‡ivWªvg e‡j| 3) wegvbe›`‡i n¨v½vi : wegvbe›`‡i wegvb‡K wbivc‡` AvkÖq`vb Ges Gi hvwš¿K I Ab¨vb¨ ÎæwU hvPvB I †givg‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ mvaviYZ w÷j †d«‡g •Zwi wR AvB wk‡U QvDwb †`qv †h e„nËi KvVv‡gv e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K n¨v½vi e‡j| 4) U¨vw·I‡q : ivbI‡q n‡Z n¨v½vi I Uvwg©bv‡j msjMœ Av¨v‡cÖv‡b wegvb Avbv †bqvi Rb¨ e¨eüZ c_‡K U¨vw·I‡q e‡j| 5) A¨v‡cÖvb : wegvbe›`‡i n¨v½vi msjMœ ‡h GjvKv wegv‡bi †givgZ, AvkÖqcÖ`vb, †Zj fiv, hvwÎ DVvbv‡bvi Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K A¨v‡cÖvb e‡j| 6) Gqvi‡cvU© I †nwj‡cvU© Gi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : Gqvi‡cvU© G¸‡jv‡Z wegvb DÇq ev AeZib K‡i G¸‡jvi Rb¨ RvqMv A‡bK †ewk jv‡M G¸‡jv‡Z ivbI‡q _v‡K e„nr evavgy³ RvqMv cÖ‡qvRb we‡kl cwiKíbvi gva‡g fzwg‡Z GUv wbg©vY Kiv nq K‡›Uªvj UvDqvi, ivWvi BZ¨vw` `iKvi c‡i G¸‡jv‡Z hvÎx mgvMg A‡bK †ewk

‡nwj‡cvU© G¸‡jv‡Z †nwjKÞvi DÇq ev AeZib K‡i Kg jv‡M _v‡K bv Kg RvqMv cÖ‡qvRb cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³i wfwˇZ GUv wbg©vY Kiv nq cÖ‡qvRb c‡i bv Kg

7) Gqvi‡cvU© wewìs G cÖ`Ë my‡hvM-myweavmgyn : 1) eywKs Awdm 5) I‡qwUs iæg 9) Kg©Pvix‡`i Awdm 13) †mjyb 17) bvgv‡Ri ¯
vb

2) AbymÜvb Awdm 6) †Uwj‡dvb ey_ 10) †i‡¯Íviv 14) wbivcËv cywjk 18) AvenvIqvi Awdm

3) WvK I †UwjMÖvg Awdm 7) wegvb ms¯
vi Awdm 11) cÖv_wgK wPwKrmvi e¨e¯
v 15) gy`ªv wewbgq KvD›Uvi 19) ïé wefv‡Mi Awdm

4) exgv Awdm 8) Awf‡hvM Awdm 12) ‡k․PvMvi 16) `k©K M¨vjvix 20) cwÎKv ÷j

8) Iq¨vi nvDR : we‡`k n‡Z Avg`vbx K…Z cb¨ mvgMÖx Ges †`k Drcvw`Z cb¨ mvgMÖx we‡`‡k ißvbx Kivi cy‡e© mvgwqK fv‡e †h K‡ÿ ivLv nq Zv‡K Iq¨vi nvDR e‡j|

9) ivbI‡q I U¨vw·I‡q Gi cv_©K¨ : ivbI‡q evqycÖev‡ni w`K I MwZ‡e‡Mi Dci wfwË K‡i wbg©vY Kiv nq 900 wgUvi n‡Z 2500 wgUvi Gi AwaK PvKvi fv‡ii Ici wfwË K‡i Gi cyiæZ¡ wbY©q Kiv nq wegv‡bi MwZ‡eM AwaK wWRvBb c×wZ RwUj wegvb DÇqb ev AeZi‡bi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq 10) wewfbœ cÖKvi ivbI‡q c¨vUvb© :

U¨vw·I‡q ivbI‡qi cv‡k wbg©vY Kiv nq 12 wgUvi n‡Z 23 wgUvi ch©šÍ n‡q _v‡K ¯^vfvweK mo‡Ki gZ Kg mnR

nvBI‡q BwÄwbqvwis 1) mo‡Ki iÿYv‡eÿY : AvenvIqv, hvbevnb PjvPj I Ab¨vb¨ cvwicvwk©K Kvi‡Y mo‡Ki wewfbœ A‡½ ÿqÿwZ nq| G mKj ÿqÿwZ ms‡kva‡bi K‡i moK‡K hvbevnb PjvPj Gi Dc‡hvMx ivL‡Z †hme e¨e¯
vw` †bqv nq Zv‡K mo‡Ki iÿYv‡eÿY e‡j| 2) mo‡Ki iæwUb †gBb‡Ub¨vÝ : 1) K¨v‡iRI‡q Gi iÿYv‡eÿY 2) †mvìvi Gi iÿYv‡eÿY 3) fzc„ô¯
 I fzMf©¯
 wb®‥vkb e¨e¯
vi iÿYv‡eÿY 4) weªR I Abyiæc KvVv‡gvi iÿYv‡eÿY 5) mo‡Ki R¨vwgwZK wWRvB‡bi Dbœqb I UªvwdK wbqš¿‡bi iÿYv‡eÿY 3) c¨vP wiwcqvi : weUzwgb moKc„‡ôi wewfbœ ¯
v‡b †QvU †QvU MZ© m„wó n‡q moK hvbevnb PjvP‡ji Abyc‡hvMx n‡q c‡i| G mKj M‡Z©i GjvKv †givgZ Kiv‡K c¨vP wiwcqvi e‡j| c¨vP wiwcqvi Gi avcmgyn : 1) M‡Z©i GjvKv wPwýZ K‡i LbbKiY 2) LbbK…Z Ask I MZ© cwi¯‥viKiY 3) wcÖwg· cÖ¯‧ZKiY 4) wcÖwg· cÖ‡qvM I `„pKiY 4) Elastic Defrmation : hLb mve‡MÖ‡Wi gvwUi fvienb ÿgZvi Zzjbvq Kg fvi G‡Z Pvcv‡bv nq ZLb mve‡MÖ‡Wi gvwUi A¯
vqx weK…wZ †`Lv †`q Ges fvi Aegyw³i mv‡_ mv‡_ gvwU Zvi Av‡Mi Ae¯
vq wd‡i Av‡m| G‡K Elastic Defrmation e‡j| 5) bgbxq weK…wZ : hLb mve‡MÖ‡Wi gvwU‡Z cwZZ fv‡ii cwigvY w¯
wZ¯
vcK weK…wZ‡Z cwZZ fv‡ii †P‡q AwaK nq, ZLb gvwU n‡Z evqy I cvwb †ei n‡q Av‡m Ges gvwUi KYv¸‡jvi ¯
vby¨wZ N‡U| G Ae¯
vq cwZZ fvi AcmviY Ki‡jI weK…wZi †Kvbiƒc cwieZ©b nqbv| G‡K bgbxq weK…wZ e‡j| 6) †h mKj Kvi‡Y mo‡Ki mve‡MÖ‡Wi e¨_©Zv N‡U : 1) mve‡MÖ‡Wi gvwU wb‡RB `ye©j 2) mve‡MÖ‡Wi gvwU‡Z Aa¨w`K Av`ª©Zv 3) mve‡MÖ‡Wi gvwU A`„pve× 7) bgbxq mo‡Ki e¨_©Zvmgyn : 1) wkqv‡i e¨_©Zv 4) Kbmwj‡Wkb e¨_©Zv 7) moKc„‡ôi †XD †Ljv‡bv

2) g¨vc dvUj 5) eid wµqvq ùxZ nIqv 8) wi‡d¬Kkb dvUj

8) mo‡Ki mve‡MÖ‡Wi weK…wZmgyn : 1) w¯
wZ¯
vcK weK…wZ 2) Kbmwj‡Wkb weK…wZ 3) cøvw÷K weK…wZ

3) j¤^vjw¤^ dvUj 6) wb¤œ¯Í‡ii mv‡_ `ye©j eÜb

9) ‡h mKj Kvi‡Y bgbxq mo‡K j¤^vjw¤^ dvUj †`Lv †`q : 1) mve‡MÖW †`‡e hvIqvi Kvi‡Y 2) cvk¦©Xvj a‡m hvIqvi Kvi‡Y 3) eid wµqvq Askwe‡kl ùxZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y 4) mve‡MÖ‡Wi AvqZb j¤^vjw¤^fv‡e cwieZ©‡bi d‡j| 10) wi‡d¬Kkb dvUj : wm‡g›U KswµU moKc„‡ô hw` dvUj _v‡K GeO Gi Dci hw` weUzwgb Øviv wimvi‡dwms Kiv nq Z‡e hvbenb PjvP‡ji wKQzw`‡bi g‡a¨B mvi‡dwms c„‡ô KswµU mo‡Ki Abyiæc dvUj †`_v hvq| G‡K wi‡d¬Kkb dvUj e‡j| 11) wm‡g›U KswµU moKc„‡ô PUv IVvi KviY : wm‡g›U KswµU moK wbg©v‡Yi mgq KswµU XvjvvBKv‡j hw` KswµU m‡Rv‡i wb‡ÿc Kiv nq ev AwaK K¤ú¨vKkb Kiv nq Z‡e †mwMÖ‡Mkb †`Lv †`q| A_©vr, †Kvm© GwMÖ‡MUmgyn wb‡P c‡i hvq Ges Gi Dci wm‡g›U gkjvi ¯Íi †f‡m I‡V| G Kvi‡Y hvbevnb PjvP‡ji mgq moKc„‡ó dvUj †`Lv †`q Ges PUv I‡V| 12) bgbxq mo‡K †XD †Ljv‡bv m„wó nevi KviY : bgbxq moKc„ô wkqvi e¨_©Zvq GK Ask wbPz n‡j Aci Ask DPy n‡e| fvix hvbevnb evievi PjvP‡j DPzwbPz Gi cwigvY evo‡ZB _v‡K| avivevwnKfv‡e G Ae¯
v Pj‡Z _vKvi Kvi‡Y moKc„‡ô †XD ‡Ljv‡bv m„wó nq| GQvov moKc„‡ôi Kbmwj‡Wkb e¨_©Zv, eid wµqvq wùZ nIqv, mo‡Ki Iqvwis †Kvm© Gi mv‡_ wfw˯͇ii DËg eÜb m„wó bv nevi Kvi‡Y mo‡Ki Dci w`‡q fvix hvbevnb PjvPj Ki‡j mo‡K ‡XD‡Ljv‡bv m„wó nq| GK ch©v‡q G ‡XD †Ljv‡bv †_‡K M‡Z©i m„wó nq Ges moK e¨_© n‡q hvq| 13) gvW cvw¤ús : wm‡g›U KswµU †cf‡g‡›Ui †Rvov I dvUj w`‡q Zij gvwU †ei n‡q Avmv‡K gvW cvw¤ús e‡j| mvaviYZ e„wói c‡i Kv`vgvwUi mve‡MÖ‡Wi wm‡g›U KswµU mo‡K gvW cvw¤ús †`Lv †`q| moKc„‡ô dvUj _vK‡j e„wói c‡i D³ dvUj w`‡q cvwb †fZ‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges Kv`vgvwUi mv‡_ wg‡k D³ Kv`vgvwU‡K Zi‡j cwibZ K‡i| Ggb Ae¯
vq D³ mo‡Ki Dci w`‡q fvix hvbevnb PjvPj Ki‡j AwZwi³ Pv‡ci Kvi‡Y wb‡Pi Zij Kv`v gvwU mo‡Ki dvUj w`‡q Dc‡i D‡V Av‡m A_©vr gvW cvw¤ús †`Lv †`q| 14) wm.wm moK AK…ZKvh© nevi KviY : 1) `ye©j I big A¨vwMÖ‡M‡Ui e¨envi 3) wb¤œgv‡bi wdjvi I wmjvi mvgMÖxi e¨envi 5) Ach©vß wKDwis 7) Ach©vß mve‡MÖW 9) †Rvovi ‡¯úwms G åvwšÍ

2) R‡q›U wbg©v‡Y wb¤œgv‡bi Kvh©‣bcyY¨ 4) wb¤œgv‡bi mvi‡dm wdwbwks 6) Kg cyi‡Z¡i †cf‡g›U 8) mve‡MÖ‡Wi `ye©j g„wËKv

15) mo‡Ki †em e¨_© nevi KviY : 1) Ach©vß kw³ ev ¯
vwqZ¡Zv 3) †em mvgMÖx m‡i hvIqv 5) †em †Kvm© PzY© n‡q hvIqv 7) †em †Kv‡m© wb¤œgv‡bi mvgMÖx e¨envi Kiv 9) h_v Dc‡hvMx K¤ú¨vKkb bv Kiv

2) †em mvgMÖxi eÜb kw³ nviv‡bv 4) †em mvgMÖxi ¸Yv¸Y bó nIqv 6) †e‡m Aby‡cv‡hvMx mvgMÖx e¨envi Kiv 8) Iq¨vwis †Kvm© Gi cyiæZ¡ Kg nIqv 10) h_v Dc‡hvMx wb®‥vkb e¨e¯
v bv _vKv

16) mo‡Ki Iq¨vwis †Kvm© e¨_© nevi KviY : 1) Iq¨vwis †Kv‡m©i h_vDc‡hvMx wgkÖY wWRvBb bv nIqv 2) wb¤œgv‡bi evabx mvgMÖxi e¨envi 3) Ach©vß evabx mvgMÖxi e¨envi 4) cÖ‡qvRbvwZwi³ evabx mgvMÖxi e¨envi 17) wm.wm mo‡Ki cÖavb cÖavb e¨_©Zv : 1) †cf‡g‡›U PUv DVv 2) Kswµ‡U ms‡KvPb dvUj 3) Iqvwc©s dvUj 4) KvVv‡gvMZ dvUj 5) R‡q‡›Ui ¯ú¨vwjs 6) gvW cvw¤ús 7) c„ô wcw‪QjZv 18) gvwU `„pKi‡Y e¨eüZ mvgMÖxi bvg : 1) ¯§y_W ûBj †ivjvi 4) fvB‡eªUix †ivjvi

2) wkc dzU †ivjvi 5) †Uw¤ús hš¿

3) wMÖW †ivjvi 6) ivevi Uvqvi

19) UªvwdK mvBb : Mvwo PvjK‡K Zvi Kibxq m¤ú‡K© AenwZ Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ cye©v‡ý Zvi mvg‡b mo‡Ki mywbw`©ó †Kvb Z_¨ AewnZ Kiv‡bvi GKwU we‡kl gva¨g Gi UªvvwdK mvBb| 20) UªvwdK wmMb¨vj : ‡h wbqš¿K wWfvB‡mi gva¨‡g mgZj moK mw܇Z wfbœgyLx Mvwo‡K msNl© e¨wZ‡i‡L wbivc‡` wbw`©ó mo‡K hvZvqv‡Zi Rb¨ ch©vqµ‡g I wbqgZvwš¿Kfv‡e _vwg‡q I Pj‡Z w`‡q moK mwÜ AwZµ‡gi e¨e¯
v Kiv nq Zv‡K UªvwdK wmMb¨vj e‡j| 21) MvBW mvBb : ‡h UªvwdK mvBb moK e¨enviKvixMY‡K we‡kl †Kvb ¯
v‡bi `yiZ¡, Ae¯
vb BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i Zv‡K MvBW mvBb e‡j| 22) wewfbœ cÖKvi UªvwdK mvBb : 1) MvBW mvBb 2) Av‡`kgyjK ev eva¨ZvgyjK UªvwdK mvBb 3) mZK©ZvgyjK UªvwdK mvBb

t gvBjdjK, gmwR`, nvmcvZvj, cvwK©s ¯
vb BZ¨vw` t MwZ I IRb mxgv, cvwK©s wb‡la, nY© evRv‡bv wb‡la Ifvi‡UK wb‡la, mvg‡b cÖavb moK, wb‡`©kK wPý t AuvKveuvKv moK, †nqvi wcb evuK, ev‡g/Wv‡b †gvo

23 mZK©ZvgyjK I eva¨ZvgyjK UªvwdK mvB‡bi wPÎ :

24) nvBI‡q †Wª‡bR : moKc„ô¯
 cvwb AcmviY, moK wb¤œ¯
 cvwbZj wb‡P bvgv‡bv Ges moKc„ô msjMœ cvwb Avcmvi‡Yi cÖK…qv‡K nvBI‡q †Wª‡bR e‡j| 25) †h mKj Kvi‡Y mve‡MÖ‡Wi cvwb AvµvšÍ nq : 1) fzwb¤œ¯
 cvwbZj wbPz n‡q 2) DPz GjvKvi cvwb Pzqv‡bvi Kvi‡Y 3) cÖ‡ek¨ †cf‡g›U, †mvìvi, cvk¦©Xvj w`‡q cvwb Abymªe‡Yi d‡j 4) •KwkKZvq fzwb¤œ¯
 cvwb Dc‡i Avmvi Kvi‡Y 26) K¨vwcjvwi KvU Ad †`evi KviY : cvwb •KwkK wµqvq †hb Dc‡i bv Avm‡Z cv‡i Zvi Rb¨ K¨vwcjvwi KvU Ad (weUzwg‡bi ¯Íi, Uvi †dë, cwjw_b BZ¨vw` kxU w`‡q Ave„Z Kiv) †`Iqv nq| 27) KvI‡qR : KvI‡qR wbgw¾Z moK we‡kl| cÖk¯Í AMfxi ¯^íKvjxb ¯
vqx cÖvK…wZK cÖevn‡K AvovAvwo AwZµg Kivi Rb¨ cvKv ¯Í‡ii moK wbg©vY Kiv nq| cÖevnKvjxb mg‡q Gi `ycv‡o hvievnb †_‡g _v‡K| cÖevn DwˇY©i ci hvbevnb PjvPj K‡i| G ai‡bi wbwg©Z c_‡K KvI‡qR e‡j| 28) K¨vP †Wªb : cvnv‡oi c„ô n‡Z AvMZ cvwb †hb cvnvwo mo‡Ki c„‡ô Avm‡Z bv cv‡i, Zvi Rb¨ cvnv‡oi c„‡ô mo‡Ki mgvšÍiv‡j †h †Wªb •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K K¨vP †Wªb e‡j| 29) weªWj c_ : cvnvwo GjvKvq c_hvÎx I cïPvwjZ hvbevnb PjvP‡j e¨eüZ c_‡K weªWj c_ e‡j| G¸‡jvi Xvj kZKiv 10 n‡Z 12.5 n‡q _v‡K| G c_¸‡jv mvaviYZ 2 ‡_‡K 3 wgUvi n‡q _v‡K| 30) †cf‡g›U : moKc„‡ô `y cv‡ki †mvìv‡ii gv‡Si †h `„p, cvKv ev Avav cvKv As‡k hvbevnb PjvPj K‡i Zv‡K †cf‡g›U e‡j| GUv `yB cÖKvi : 31) bgbxq †cf‡g›U : ‡hme †cf‡g›U KvVv‡gvMZfv‡e †ek bgbxq Ges ‡ewÛs ev †d¬w·ej cÖwZ‡iva kw³ Kg G¸‡jv‡K bgbxq †cf‡g›U e‡j| †hgb- gvwUi moK, MÖv‡fj moK, weUzwgb moK BZ¨vw`| 32) Abgbxq †cf‡g›U : ‡h mKj †cf‡g›U KvVv‡gvMZfv‡e †ek k³ Ges ‡ewÛs ev †d¬w·ej cÖwZ‡iva kw³ AwaK G¸‡jv‡K Abgbxq ev wiwRW †cf‡g›U e‡j| †hgb, wm.wm, Avi.wm.wm , wcÖ-‡÷ªmW Kswµ‡Ui moK BZ¨vw`| 33) ‡Rvovi †ÿ‡Î wdjvi I wmjvi : wm‡g›U KswµU mo‡Ki †c‡f‡g‡›Ui †Rvovmgyn †h mKj ms‡KvPbkxj I w¯
wZ¯
vcK I ¯
vqx mvgMÖx Øviv cyiY Kiv nq Zv‡`i‡K wdjvi e‡j| GB wdjvi mvgMÖx‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ GKUv k³ AveiYx Øviv wdjvi Gi Dc‡ii Ask cyiY K‡i ivLv nq| G‡K wmjvi e‡j| G¸‡jv k³, cvwb cÖwZ‡ivax, AvmÄb ¸Y m¤úbœ Ges bgbxq n‡q _v‡K|

34) KswµU mo‡K †Rvov †`Iqvi D‡Ïk¨ : KswµU mo‡Ki †cf‡g›U ZvcgvÎvi n«vm e„w× Ges PvKvi Nl©‡Yi d‡j msKzwPZ I cÖmvwiZ nq| gy³ fv‡e cÖmvwiZ bv n‡Z cvi‡j †cf‡g‡›U dvUj I Iqvwc©s †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| Kswµ‡Ui gy³ cÖmviY I ms‡KvP‡bi my‡hvM cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †Rvov †`Iqv nq| 35) wµUI‡q : ‡h mKj mo‡Ki Ici w`‡q cïUvbv Mvwo PjvPj K‡i D³ mo‡K †h As‡ki Dci w`‡q PvKv AwZµg K‡i H Ask eivei 60 †_‡K 70 †mwg PIov Ges 10 †_‡K 15 †mwg MfxiZvq KswµU wbwg©Z ¯Íi †`Iqv nq| G‡K wµUI‡q e‡j| 36) wm‡g›U MÖvD‡UW g¨vKvW¨vg †cf‡g›U : IqvUvi evDÛ g¨KvW¨vg ev ÷¨vwejvBR ¯Íi‡K wbw`©ó Xvj I K¨v¤^vi G •Zwi K‡i •ZwiK…Z c„‡ô 36 wgwj †_‡K 50 wgwj AvKv‡ii Av¨vwMÖ‡MU 12.5 †mwg cyiæ‡Z¡ cÖ‡qv‡Mi ci nvjKvfv‡e †ivwjs K‡i 10 ‡mwg cyiæ‡Z¡ G‡b Gi Dci 1 t 2 Abycv‡Zi wm‡g›U evwji wgkÖ‡Y cÖwZe¨vM wm‡g‡›U 35 wjUvi cvwb wgwk‡q •Zwi Kiv MÖvDU Qwo‡q w`‡j MÖvDU †ivwjsK…Z A¨vwMÖ‡M‡Ui dv‡K cÖ‡ek K‡i| cÖ‡qvMK…Z MÖvDwUs Gi Dci 5 wgwj ev Zv †_‡K eo AvKv‡ii cv_oKzwP Qwo‡q w`‡q DËgiæ‡c †ivwjs K‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq K¨v¤^vi I Xv‡j •ZwiK…Z †cf‡g›U‡K wm‡g›U MÖvD‡UW g¨vKvW¨vg moK e‡j| 37) †ivì KswµU †cf‡g›U : Kg wm‡g›U G •Zwi Kiv KswµU wgkÖY •ZwiK…Z mve‡MÖW ev mve‡e‡Ri Dci XvjvB- Gi ci nvjKv †ivwjs K‡i †h KswµU †cf‡g›U •Zwi Kiv nq Zv‡K †ivì KswµU †cf‡g›U e‡j| 38) †d¬vwUs : cÖ‡qvMK…Z KswµU‡K fvB‡eªU‡ii mvnv‡h¨ †ivwjs Kivi ci †d¬vU Gi mvnv‡h¨ j¤^vjw¤^fv‡e GK wKbviv n‡Z Aci wKbviv ch©šÍ `„pKiY Kiv‡K †d¬vwUs e‡j| 39) †÷ªBU GwRs : KswµU †cf‡g›U‡K †d¬vwUs Kivi ci 3 wgUvi j¤^v †÷ªBU GBR Gi mvnv‡h¨ j¤^vjw¤^ Xvj, †j‡fj cixÿv Kiv nq| G KvR‡K †÷ªBU GwRs e‡j| 40) UvBevi : mo‡Ki j¤^vjw¤^ †Rvovq cvkvcvwk Aew¯
Z ¯ø¨veØq‡K †Rvov †`Iqvi Rb¨ wbw`©ó `yiZ¡ ci ci †Rvovi AvovAvwo‡Z †h iW Gi UzKiv e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K UvBevi e‡j| UvBevi †`Iqvi KviY : 1) ‡Rvov msjMœ ¯ø¨veØq‡K GKB mgZ‡j iv‡L 2) GK ¯ø¨ve Gi Ici AvMZ fvi‡K cv‡ki ¯ø¨veG mgfv‡e ¯
vbvšÍwiZ K‡i 3) Iqvwc©s n‡Z evav`vb K‡i 4) ¯ø¨ve‡K ¯
vbPy¨Z n‡Z evav`vb K‡i| 41) WvD‡qjevi : mo‡Ki AvovAvwo †Rvovq cvkvcvwk Aew¯
Z ¯ø¨veØq‡K †Rvov †`Iqvi Rb¨ wbw`©ó `yiZ¡ ci ci †Rvovi j¤^vjw¤^‡Z †h iW Gi UzKiv e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K WvD‡qjevi e‡j| WvD‡qjevi †`Iqvi KviY : 1) †cf‡g›U ¯ø¨ve‡K gy³ ms‡KvPb I cÖmvi‡Y my‡hvM †`evi Rb¨ 2) GK ¯ø¨ve Gi Ici AvMZ fvi‡K cv‡ki ¯ø¨veG mgfv‡e ¯
vbvšÍwiZ K‡i 3) ‡Rvov msjMœ ¯ø¨veØq‡K GKB mgZ‡j ivLv 4) ¯ø¨ve Gi Dj¤^ DVvbvgv cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨

42) wbg©vY †Rvov †`evi KviY : ‡cf‡g›U wWRvB‡b †Rvovi ¯
vb bq Ggb ¯
v‡b †cf‡g›U wbg©vYKvR eÜ Ki‡Z n‡j cieZ©x‡Z Kv‡Ri PjgvbZv I †cf‡g›U Gi kw³ ¯^vfvweK ivLvi Rb¨ wbg©vY KvR e‡Üi ¯
v‡b wbg©vY ‡Rvov †`Iqv nq| 43) Kbdvë moK : hš¿PvwjZ Mvwo PjvP‡ji Rb¨ mo‡Ki gvSLv‡b weUzwg‡bi †cf‡g›U Ges cïPvwjZ Mvwo PjvP‡ji Rb¨ D³ weUzwgb ‡cf‡g›U Gi `ycv‡k wm‡g›U Kswµ‡Ui †cf‡g›U •Zwi Kiv nq| GB moK‡K Kbdvë moK e‡j| 44) ‡d¬w·ej †cf‡g›U I wiwRW †cf‡g›U Gi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : we‡eP¨ welq wd¬w·ej ‡cf‡g›U KvVv‡gvMZ AvPiY bgbxq mve‡MÖ‡W weK…wZ/wePz¨wZi cÖfve mve‡MÖ‡Wi Dci¯
 mKj ¯Í‡i cÖfve K‡i ‡cf‡g‡›Ui Dci AvMZ fv‡ii AvMZ fvi µgvš^‡q wb‡Pi cÖfve w`‡K e„nr GjvKvq Qwo‡h c‡i Uvb cxob mn¨ÿgZv LyeB mvgvb¨ w¯
wZ¯
vcKZv ¯^vfvweK gv‡bi bvgMZ w`K gvwU, MÖv‡fj, weUzwgb moK cÖv_wgK wbg©vY LiP Kg iÿbv‡eÿb LiP ‡ewk ¯
vwqZ¡Zv m‡šÍvlRbK mgq Av‡jvi cÖwZdjb Kg ayjvevwj m„wó AwaK ‡givg‡Zi Rb¨ e¨wqZ mgq Kg ‡Rvovi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv bvB Zv‡ci cÖfve AwaK Zv‡c M‡j hvq K¤úb/kã Kg mve‡MÖ‡Wi aib AwaK kw³kvjx

wiwRW †cf‡g›U Abgbxq ‡cf‡g‡›Ui Dci †Kvbiæc Kvh©Ki cÖfve c‡i bv ‡cf‡g›U ¯Í‡iB e„nr GjvKvq Qwo‡h c‡i ch©vß D‪Pgv‡bi wm.wm, Avi.wm.wm, wcÖ‡÷ªmW moK ‡ewk LyeB bMb¨ `xN© mgq †ewk Kg AwaK Avek¨K M‡j bv ‡ewk ¯^vfvweK

45) weUzwgbvm mo‡Ki †h mKj ¸Yvejx _vKv evÂbxq : 1) AvenvIqvi weiæc cÖwZwµqvq GUv wU‡K _vK‡e 2) Rjxqev®ú mn Ab¨vb¨ Av`ª©Zv‡ivaK ÿgZv _vK‡e 3) wbwñ`ªZv Ges dvUjgy³ n‡e 4) `„pZv Ges cvwb A‡f`¨ ¸Yvejx _vK‡e 5) moKc„ôi ÿq‡iva K‡i 6) cyivZb c„‡ôi mv‡_ bZzb c„‡ôi eÜb m„wó K‡i 46) cÖvBg †KvU : IqvUvi evDÛ g¨vKvWvg moK, MÖv‡fj moK c„ô cwi¯‥vi ivLvi Rb¨ G ai‡bi moKc„‡ô Kg mv›`ªZvi evabx mvgMÖx weUzwg‡bi nvjKv ¯Íi cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| G nvjKv ¯Íi‡K cÖvBg †KvU e‡j|

Gi KvR¸‡jv nj : 1) big A¨vwMÖ‡MU I AvjMv c`v_©‡K ms‡hvM K‡i 2) A¨vwMÖ‡MU Gi ga¨¯
 duvK cyiY K‡i 3) cvwb‡ivax c„ó •Zwi K‡i 4) mo‡K cvwbi •KwkKZv †iva K‡i 5) moKc„‡ôi ÿq‡iva K‡i 6) cyivZb ¯Í‡ii mv‡_ bZzb ¯Í‡ii eÜb m„wó K‡i 47) U¨vK ‡KvU : moKc„ó I Iq¨vwis mvi‡dm Gi g‡a¨ DbœZ e܇bi Rb¨ weUzwgb moK I wm‡g›U KswµU moK Gi c„ô cwi¯‥vi K‡i evabx mvgMÖxi †h nvjKv ¯Íi cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq Zv‡K U¨vK †KvU e‡j| 48) weUzwgb Kv‡c©wUs : IqvUvi evDÛ g¨vKvWvg moK c„‡ô ev G ai‡bi Ab¨ moKc„‡ô ev cyivZb weUzwgb moKc„‡ó cv_iKzwP, evwj I weUzwgb evaybxi wcÖwg· Gi 2 †_‡K 2.5 †mwg cyiæ‡Z¡i †h ¯Íi cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq Zv‡K weUzwgb Kv‡c©wUs e‡j| 49) wmj‡KvU : I‡cb †Uª·Pvi G wbwg©Z weUzwgb moK‡K cvwb A‡f`¨ Kivi Rb¨ PzovšÍfv‡e Gi Dci Zij weUzwgb RvZxq evabx I evwj ev cv_oKywPi Kg cyiæ‡Z¡i †h Av‪Qv`b †`Iqv nq Zv‡K wmj‡KvU e‡j| Gi KvR¸‡jv nj : 1) G¸‡jv moKc„ô‡K cvwb A‡f`¨K‡i 2) moKc„ô mn‡R PjvP‡ji Dc‡hvMx K‡i 3) moKc„ô mgZj K‡i ågb Avivg`vqK K‡i 50) MÖvDwUs : weUzwgb mo‡Ki †h †Kvb ¯Í‡ii Dci A¨vwMÖ‡MU wewQ‡q †`evi ci SvSwoi mvnv‡h¨ weUzwgb wQwU‡q †`Iqv‡K MÖvDwUs e‡j| 51) weUzwgb mo‡K mvi‡dm †Wªwms : IqvUvi evDÛ g¨vKvWvg moKc„ô ev ÿwZMÖ¯
 weUzwgb moKc„‡ô cv_oKzwP I weUzwg‡bi GK ev `ywU ¯Íi †ivwjs K‡i cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| G ¯Íi‡K mvi‡dm †Wªwms e‡j| 52) Avigvi †KvU : IqvUvi evDÛ g¨vKvWvg moKc„ô ev ÿwZMÖ¯
 weUzwgb moKc„‡ô `yB ¯Íi mvi‡dm †Wªwms Gi ¯Íi‡K Avigvi †KvU e‡j| 53) MÖvD‡UW g¨vKvWvg mo‡K e¨eüZ mvgMÖxi wewb‡`©k : ag©/ †f․Z •ewkó¨ jm A¨v‡½j A¨v‡eªkb Bgc¨v± d¬vwK‡bm Bb‡W· cvwb †kvlY ‡mvwWqvg mvj‡d‡U jm (5 mvB‡K‡j) w÷ªwcs (40 wWMÖx cixÿv- 24 N›Uv Wzev‡bv)

m‡e©v‪P gvb 50% 30% 25% 01% 12% 25%

54) IqvUvi evDÛ g¨vKvWvg moK : mve‡e‡Ri Dci †em‡Kv‡m© wWRvBbK…Z cyiæ‡Z¡ †KvYvKzwZi cv_‡oi UzKiv Qwo‡q w`‡q ‡ivjv‡i mvnv‡h¨ DËgiæ‡c †ivwjs K‡i `„pve× Kivi ci A¨vwMÖ‡M‡Ui ga¨¯
 duvK cyi‡Y wbw`©ó †MÖ‡Wk‡bi †QvU †QvU cv_o ¸ov Ges cvwb mn‡hv‡M wdjvi mvgMÖx e¨envi K‡i †h moK wbg©vY Kiv nq, Zv‡K IqvUvi evDÛ g¨vKvWvg moK e‡j| 55) mo‡Ki e· KvwUs : mo‡Ki †ce‡g›U wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ mo‡Ki cÖ¯‧wZ Z‡ji Dci †ce‡g‡›Ui •`N©¨, cÖ¯
 I cyiæ‡Z¡i wWRvBbK…Z gv‡c †h cwiLv Lbb Kiv nq, Zv‡K mo‡Ki e· KvwUs e‡j| 56) wewfbœ cÖKvi g¨vKvWvg moK : 1) IqvUvi evDÛ g¨vKvWvg moK 3) weUzwgbvm g¨vKvWvg moK

2) UªvwdK evDÛ g¨vKvWvg moK 4) wm‡g›U g¨vKvWvg moK

57) gvwU ÷vwejvB‡Rk‡bi PviwU c×wZ : 1) †gKvwbK¨vj m‡qj ÷vwejvB‡Rkb 2) m‡qj weUzwgb ÷vwejvB‡Rkb 3) m‡qj jvBg ÷vwejvB‡Rkb 4) m‡qj wm‡g›U ÷vwejvB‡Rkb 58) cwiwgZ Av`ª©Zv : ‡h cwggvY RjxqgvÎvq gvwU‡K K¤ú¨vKkb Ki‡j gvwUi m‡e©v‪P ï®‥ NYZ¡ cvIqv hvq H cwigvY RjxqgvÎv‡K cwiwgZ Av`ª©Zv e‡j| 59) gvwU K¤ú¨vKkb Kivi KviY : 1) gvwUi ga¨¯
 dvK cyiY Kiv 4) gvwU‡Z cvwb cÖ‡ek n«vm Kiv

2) gvwUi †`‡e hvIqv Kgv‡bv 3) gvwUi NbZ¡ e„w× Kiv 5) †eR‡Kv‡m©i mwVK cyiZ¡ eRvq ivLv

60) Uviwds : mo‡Ki †mvìvi, Xvj I ev‡g© Nv‡li Pvcov jvMv‡bvi KvR‡K Uviwds e‡j| 61) 80/100 weUzwgb : ‡h weUzwgb G †cwb‡Uªkb cixÿv Ki‡j cixÿvq †cwb‡Uªkb Gi gvb 0.8 †mwg n‡Z 1.00 †mwg Gi g‡a¨ nq Zv‡K 80/100 weUzwgb e‡j| 62) KvU e¨vK weUzwgb : weUzwg‡bi mv‡_ DØvqx `ªveK wgwk‡q Gi mv›`ªZv Kg K‡i Kg Zv‡c e¨envi †hvM¨ †h weUzwgb e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K KvU e¨K weUzwgb e‡j| 63) weUzwg‡bi ag© : 1) Kbwmm‡UwÝ

2) AvenvIqv †ivwaZv

3) wKDwis Gi nvi

64) A¨vmdvë : wbw®…q c`v_© wgwkÖZ LwbR weUzwb‡KB A¨vmdvë e‡j| 65) †kc †U‡÷ GwMÖ‡M‡Ui cÖvß Z_¨vw` : 1) †PÞvmyPK

2) •`N©¨ myPK

3) ‡KvYmyPK AvK…wZ

4) cvwb wµqvi cÖwZ‡ivwaZv

66) wcP : Acwi‡kvwaZ Uvi‡K cvwbïb¨ K‡i AvswkK cvZb Ki‡j wcP cvIqv hvq| G‡Z gy³ Kve©b _v‡K Ges GUv evabx¸Y m¤úbœ 67) GwMÖ‡M‡Ui KvwVb¨Zv Rvbvi Rb¨ KiYxq †Uó mgyn : 1) A¨v‡eªkb †Uó

2) A¨vwUªkb †Uó

3) jm-A¨v‡½jm A¨v‡eªkb †Uó

68) moK wbg©v‡Y B‡Ui A¨vwMÖ‡M‡Ui 3wU myveav mgyn : 1) DËgiæ‡c †cvov‡bv BU cÖvq cv_‡ii b¨vq k³ kw³kvjx, NvZmn I KvwVb¨Zv ¸Ym¤úbœ| ZvB G¸‡jv fvix hvbevn‡bi moK e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ mKj moK wbg©v‡Y e¨envi Kiv hvq 2) mnRcÖvc¨Zv I `v‡gi nv‡ii we‡ePbvq G¸‡jv‡K ¯^í e¨‡hi moK wbg©v‡Y e¨envi Kiv nq| 3) †ÿÎ we‡k‡l G¸‡jv‡K cv_i A¨vwMÖ‡M‡Ui weKí wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq| 69) A¨vwMÖ‡MU Gi †Uó mgyn : A¨v‡eªkb †Uó A¨vwUªkb †Uó jm A¨v‡½jm A¨v‡eªkb †Uó µvwks †Uó A¨vwMÖ‡MU µvwks †Uó Bgc¨v± †Uó mvDÛ‡bm †Uó ‡¯úwmwdK MÖvwfwU †Uó IqvUvi A¨veRc©kb †Uó weUzwgb GwdwbwU †Uó ‡kc †Uó

KvwVb¨Zv Rvbvi Rb¨

Pvckw³ Rvbvi Rb¨ NvZ mnbxqZv Rvbvi Rb¨ ¯
vqxZ¡Zv Rvbvi Rb¨ Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ Rvbvi Rb¨ cvwb †kvl‡Yi gvÎv Rvbvi Rb¨ weUzwg‡bi Avmw³ Rvbvi Rb¨ †PÞvmyPK, •`N©¨ myPK I ‡KvYmyPK AvK…wZ Rvbvi Rb¨

70) weUzwgb I Uvi Gi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : weUzwgb µzW †c‡Uªvwjqvg Gi AvswkK cvZ‡bi cÖvšÍxq Drcv`b wn‡m‡e cvIqv hvq mn‡R GwMÖ‡MU c„‡ô cÖ‡jc †`Iqv hvqbv cvwb cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv †ek DËg Zv‡c ms‡e`bkxjZv Kg Uv‡ii Zzjbvq gy³ Kve©‡bi cwigvY Kg ‡Kvb welwµqv †bB Uv‡ii Zyjbvq `ªæZ RgvU ev‡a iv¯Ívi Kv‡R Dc‡hvMx ¯^vfvweK ZvcgvÎvq KwVb ev Avav Zij ‡gvUvgywU MÜnxb

Uvi Ksjv I Kv‡Vi weaŸsmx cvZ‡bi gva¨‡g Drcv`b Kiv nq hvq Ges cvwb‡Z †fRv c„‡óI fvjfv‡e AvUKvq wb¤œgv‡bi ‡ewk weUzwg‡bi Zzjbvq †ewk ‡dbj _vKvq welwµqv Av‡Q RgvU evavi mgq weUzwg‡bi Zzjbvq ‡ewk ‡Rvov I QvDwbi Kv‡R Dc‡hvMx ¯^vfvweK ZvcgvÎvq Zij KUz MÜ Av‡Q

71) mo‡Ki mve‡MÖW : gvwUi †h ¯Íi moK KvVv‡gv‡K aviY K‡i Zv‡K mo‡Ki mve‡MÖW e‡j|

72) Av`k© mve‡MÖ‡Wi †h mKj ¸Yvejx _vKv DwPr : 1) †h †Kvb weiæc Ae¯
v‡Z GUv wU‡K _vK‡e 2) GUv ¯
vqx kw³i AwaKvix n‡e 3) GUv †Kvb Ae¯
v‡ZB msbwgZ n‡ebv 4) Gi DËg wb®‥vkb ¸Yvejx _vK‡e 5) †h †Kvb cvwbi Dcw¯
wZ‡Z GUv wùZ n‡ebv 6) Zzlvi wµqv Gi ¯
vqxZ¡Zvq †Kvb AvNvZ nvb‡e bv 7) wbg©vYKv‡j G‡K mn‡R Bgc¨v± Kiv hv‡e 8) †Kvb Ae¯
v‡Z Gi c¦vk©¯^iY n‡e bv 73) moK mwÜ wbg©v‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ : 1) hvbevn‡bi gy‡LvgywL msNl© †iva K‡i ¯^vfvweK MwZ‡eM eRvq ivLv 2) hvbevnb‡K CwáZ mo‡K wbqgZvwš¿K MgbvMg‡bi my‡hvM †`q 3) hvbevn‡bi wbivcËv, `yN©Ubv †iva Ges moK‡K hvbRU gy³ ivLv 4) mo‡Ki `ÿZv, mvg_© e„w×i gva¨‡g me©vwaK e¨envi wbwðZ Kiv 74) `„k¨gvb `yiZ¡ : Mvwo PvjK Mvwo‡Z wbw`©ó D‪PZvq (moKc„ô n‡Z 1.22 wgUvi) e‡m Zvi mvg‡b mo‡Ki hZUzKy •`N©¨ ch©šÍ moKc„‡ôi Dci ¯
vqx ev Pjgvb †Kvb e¯‧ ¯úó †`L‡Z cvq, ZZUzKz •`N©¨‡K `„k¨gvb `yiZ¡ e‡j| 75) _vgevi `„k¨gvb `yiZ¡ (Stopping Sight Distance-SSD) : Mvwo PvjK Mvwo‡Z wbw`©ó D‪PZvq (moKc„ô n‡Z 1.22 wgUvi) e‡m by¨bZg ‡h cwigvY moK •`‡N©¨ `yiZ¡ n‡Z mo‡Ki Dci ¯
vqx ev Pjgvb †Kvb e¯‧ †`L‡Z †c‡q webv msN‡l©, wbivc‡`, webv `yN©Ubvq Mvwo _vgv‡Z cv‡i, †m cwigvY `yiZ¡‡K _vgevi `„k¨gvb `yiZ¡ e‡j| 76) AwZµ‡gi `„k¨gvb `yiZ¡ (Passing Sight Distance-PSD) : GKgyLx Mvwo PjvPjKvix mo‡K wcQ‡bi `ªæZMwZi Mvwo mvg‡bi axiMwZi Mvwo‡K webv msN‡l© wbivc‡` AwZµg Ki‡Z moK •`‡N©¨i †h cwigvY `yiZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡Z nq Zv‡K AwZµ‡gi `„k¨gvi `„iZ¡ e‡j| 77) †h mKj wel‡qi Dci AwZµ‡gi `„k¨gvb `yi‡Z¡i cwigvY wbf©i K‡i : 1) mKj Mvwoi MwZ‡eM 4) Pvj‡Ki cÖwZwµqv mgq

2) Mvwo؇qi gv‡Si `yiZ¡ 5) Pvj‡Ki `ÿZv I •bcyb¨

3) AwZµgKvix Mvwoi Z¡i‡Yi nvi

78) cÖwZwµqv mgq (Reaction Time-RT) : wWRvBb MwZ‡Z Mvwo PjvPjKv‡j Mvwo PvjK Zvi mvg‡bi mo‡K cÖwZiÿK †`Lvi mgq n‡Z Mvwo _vgv‡bvi wm×všÍ †bIqv I †eªK Klvi cye©ÿY ch©šÍ mgq‡K cÖwZwµqv mgq e‡j|cÖwZwµqv mgq †h mKj wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i : 1) Mvwoi MwZ‡eM 2) mo‡Ki Xvj 4) mo‡K cÖwZeÜK e¯Íyi `yiZ¡

3) Ab¨vb¨ cvwicvwk©K Ae¯
v 5) Pvj‡Ki •`wnK I gvbwmK Ae¯
v

79) †eªwKs wWmU¨vÝ : Mvwo _vgv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †eªK Klvi mgq n‡Z Mvwo m¤úyY©iæ‡c _vgv ch©šÍ †h `yiZ¡ AwZµg K‡i Zv‡K †eªwKs wWmU¨vÝ e‡j| cÖwZwµqv mgq †h mKj wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i :

80) cÖwZwµqv `yiZ¡ : wWRvBb MwZ‡Z Mvwo PjvPjKv‡j Mvwo PvjK Zvi mvg‡bi mo‡K cÖwZiÿK †`Lvi mgq n‡Z Mvwo _vgv‡bvi wm×všÍ †bIqvi cye©ÿY ch©šÍ mg‡q Mvwo †h `yiZ¡ AwZµg K‡i Zv‡K cÖwZwµqv `yiZ¡ e‡j| 81) †eªwKs mgq : Mvwo _vgv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †eªK Klvi mgq n‡Z Mvwo m¤úyY©iæ‡c _vgv ch©šÍ mgq‡K †eªwKs mgq e‡j| 82) ivBU Ae I‡q : nvBI‡q GjvBb‡g›U eivei †h cÖk¯Í GjvKv ûKzg `Lj Kiv nq Zv‡K ivBU Ae I‡q e‡j| ivBU Ae I‡q Gi we¯Í…wZ †h mKj wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i : 1) †cf‡g›U I †kvìv‡ii cÖ¯
 4) moK †givgZ mvgMÖx ivLvi ¯
vb 7) Lbb I fiv‡Ui cvk©Xv‡ji cÖ¯


2) mvB‡Kj Uª¨vK Gi cÖ¯
 3) ev‡g©i cÖ¯
 5) ebvq‡bi Rb¨ ¯
v‡bi cÖ¯
 6) e‡ivwc‡Ui Rb¨ ¯
vb 8) †ivW †mcv‡iUi, cvwK©s †jb, eva, MvUvi BZ¨vw`i ¯
vb

83) †cf‡g‡›Ui cÖ¯
 †h mKj wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i : 1) UªvwdK †j‡bi cÖ¯
 I msL¨v 2) UªvwdK †j‡bi ÿgZv 4) PjvPjKvix hvbevn‡bi aib I MwZ 5) mvBW wK¬qviÝ

3) PjvPjKvix hvbevn‡bi cÖ¯


84) UªvwdK †j‡bi ÿgZv : GKK mg‡q †Kvb †j‡b hZ msL¨K hvbevnb wbivc‡` PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K H †j‡bi ÿgZv e‡j| 85) mo‡Ki cvk¦© wK¬qv‡iÝ : ‡cf‡g‡›Ui wKbvivq wbw`©ó cwigvY †h wK¬qv‡iÝ ivLv nq Zv‡K cvk¦© wK¬qv‡iÝ e‡j| mvaviYZ †cf‡g‡›Ui cÖ¯
 wba©vi‡Y GKK †j‡bi Rb¨ cÖwZ cv‡k¦© 0.68 wgUvi Ges `y †j‡bi Rb¨ †cf‡g‡›Ui cÖwZ cv‡k¦© 0.53 wgUvi cvk¦©wK¬qv‡iÝ ivLv nq| 86) mo‡Ki UªvwdK †jb : by¨bZg cvk¦©wK¬qv‡iÝ †i‡L GKwU cÖgvY gv‡ci Mvwo wbivc‡` GKgyLx Pj‡Z †h cwigvY cÖ‡¯
i †cf‡g‡›Ui `iKvi nq Zv‡K mo‡Ki GKK UªvwdK †jb e‡j| GKwU Mvwoi Aby‡gvw`Z me©vwaK cÖ¯
 2.44 gwUvi Ges cÖwZcv‡k¦© wK¬qv‡iÝ 0.68 wgUvi| AZGe, GKK †j‡bi cÖ¯
 = 0.68 + 2.44 + 0.68 = 3.80 wgUvi Ges `y †j‡bi Rb¨ †cf‡g‡›Ui cÖ¯
 = 0.53 + 2.44 + 1.06 + 2.44 + 0.53 = 7 wgUvi 87) †ivWI‡q : cÖ¯‧wZ Z‡j moK GjvKv‡K †ivWI‡q e‡j| †ivWI‡q Gi GjvKvi cwigvY K¨v‡iRI‡q n‡Z wKQzUv †ewk| 88) eKPi ev evg© : fiv‡U wbwg©Z moK ev ev‡ai wb¤œcÖvšÍ n‡Z e‡ivwc‡Ui Dc‡ii cÖvšÍ ch©šÍ †h mgZj RvqMv ‡d‡j ivLv nq Zv‡K evg© e‡j| Gi KvR nj : 1) eva ev mo‡Ki ¯
vqxZ¡Zv e„w× K‡i 2) eva a‡m covi nvZ n‡Z iÿv K‡i 3) ev‡ai c„‡ôi cvwb AcmviY K‡i

89) Gge¨vsK‡g›U : cÖ¯‧wZ Zj n‡Z wbPz fzwg‡Z moK wbg©vY Kv‡j gvwU fivU I `„pve× K‡i cÖ¯ÍwZ Z‡j Avbv nq| fivUK…Z G g„wËKv KvVv‡gv‡K Gge¨vsK‡g›U e‡j| 90) K¨v‡iR I‡q : mo‡Ki `y cv‡k †mvìv‡ii gv‡S cvKv ev `„p k³ c„‡ôi †K›`ªxq Ask hv‡Z hvbevnb PjvPj K‡i Zv‡K mo‡Ki K¨v‡iRI‡q e‡j| 91) mo‡Ki †mvìvi : mo‡Ki Dfq cv‡k ‡cf‡g‡›Ui wKbviv n‡Z cÖ¯‧wZ Z‡ji evB‡ii w`‡Ki wKbviv ch©šÍ Ask‡K mo‡Ki †mvìvi e‡j| 92) †gwWqvb w÷ªc †`evi KviY : 1) wecixZgyLx hvbevnb‡K wbR †j‡b wbivc‡` PjvPj Kivi myweav cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ 2) GKB †j‡b GKBgyLx wewfbœ MwZi hvbevnb‡K ¯^xq c‡_ PjvP‡ji c„_K e¨e¯
v cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ 3) moK mw܇Z hvbevnb‡K mywbw`©ó c‡_ PjvP‡ji my‡hvM `v‡bi Rb¨ 4) w`K cwieZ©‡b ev wfbœ †j‡b Mg‡bi Rb¨ hvbevn‡bi MwZ gš
i Kivi my‡hvM `v‡bi Rb¨ 93) Kve© : mo‡Ki K¨v‡iRI‡q I †mvìv‡ii mshy³ ¯
v‡b Dfq‡K c„_KKvix †iLvq j¤^vjw¤^fv‡e wbwg©Z ¯^í D‪PZvi †`qvj‡K Kve© e‡j| GUv mo‡Ki j¤^vjw¤^ †Wª‡bi b¨vq cvwb wb®‥vkb K‡i I K¨v‡iRI‡qi mxgvbv wba©viY K‡i| 94) K¨v¤^vi : moK wbg©vYKv‡j mo‡Ki c„ô •ewkó¨ I moK GjvKvi e„wócv‡Zi cwigv‡bi Ici wfwË K‡i moKc„‡ôi cvwb `ªæZ wb®‥vk‡bi Rb¨ mo‡Ki †cf‡g‡›Ui †K›`ªxq †iLv n‡Z wKYvivi w`‡K µgvš^‡q wbPz K‡i moKc„ô •Zwi Kiv nq| G AvovAvwo Xvj‡K K¨v¤^vi e‡j| mo‡K K¨v¤^vi †`Iqvi D‡Ïk¨ : 1) mo‡Ki cvwb wb®‥vkb 2) †cf‡g‡›U‡K k~®‥ ivLv 3) bgbxq mo‡K w¯‥wWs Kgv‡bv 4) PvjK‡K wbw`©ó c‡_ Pj‡Z cÖ‡jvwfZ Kiv 5) moKc„‡ô cvwb Rg‡Z bv †`Iq 6) mo‡Ki ¯
vcZ¨ †m․›`h© evov‡bv 95 mo‡Ki gvÎvwiwi³ K¨v¤^vi †h mKj Amyweavi m„wó K‡i : 1) mo‡Ki ga¨fv‡M fvimvg¨ iÿv K‡i hvbevnb Pjv‡bv mnR weavq PvjKMY mo‡Ki ga¨fvM w`‡q Mvwo Pvjv‡Z cÖ‡jvwfZ nq d‡j mo‡Ki ÿgZv K‡g hvq| 2) mo‡Ki wKbvivi w`‡K hvbevnb KvZ n‡q PjvPj K‡i weavq K¨v‡iR I‡qi wKbviv ÿqcÖvß nq| 3) AwaK fvi enbKvix hvbevnb KvZ n‡q PjvPj Kivi `iæb D‡ë †h‡Z cv‡i| 4) moKc„‡ô e„wói cvwb `ªæZ wb®‥vwkZ nevi Kvi‡Y iv¯Ív `ªæZ ÿq n‡Z cv‡i| 5) Ifvi‡UwKs Kv‡j A¯^w¯ÍKi Ae¯
vi m„wó nq| 6) c`hvÎx I Rš‧PvwjZ evn‡bi Rb¨ moK AwZµg Kiv Kó nq| 96 mo‡K cwiwgZ K¨v¤^v‡ii myweav mgyn : 1) †cf‡g›U †K ï®‥ iv‡L 2) moKc„‡ô cvwb `ªæZ wb®‥vkb nq 3) PvjK‡K gvbwmK fv‡e wbw`©ó w`‡K Pj‡Z cÖ‡jvwfZ K‡i 4) bgbxq mo‡K w¯‥wWs e‡i gvÎv Kwg‡q †`q 5) msiÿb I ‡givgZ LiP Kwg‡q †`q 6) mo‡Ki ¯
vcZ¨ †m․›`h© e„w× K‡i

97) w¯‥wWs I w¯øwcs Gi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : w¯‥wWs w¯øwcs PvKvi AveZ©b bv n‡q PvKvi `yiZ¡ AwZµg KivB PvKvi AveZ©b n‡q PvKvi `yiZ¡ AwZµg bv KivB nj w¯‥wWs nj w¯øwcs MwZRoZvi Kvi‡Y w¯‥wWs nq Nl©Y mn‡Mi gvb Aby‡gvw`Z nv‡ii †P‡q Kg n‡j w¯øwcs nq PjšÍ Mvwo‡K AvKw¯§K †eªK Ki‡j w¯‥wWs nq Uvqvic„ô mgZj n‡j ev moKc„ô ‡fRv n‡j ev evwji •Zwi moK n‡j w¯øwcs nq w¯‥wWs G PvKvi AveZ©b `yiZ¡ A‡cÿv PvKvi w¯øwcs G PvKvi AveZ©b `yiZ¡ A‡cÿv PvKvi AwZµvšÍ `yiZ¡ AwaK nq AwZµvšÍ `yiZ¡ Kg nq w¯‥wWs j¤^vjw¤^ ev cvk©gyLx n‡Z cv‡i mPivPi w¯øwcs j¤^vjw¤^ n‡q _v‡K 98) mo‡Ki Nl©Y mnM †h mKj wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i : 1) moKc„‡ôi aiY, †hgb- weUzwgb moK, gvwUi •Zwi moK, IqvUvi evDÛ g¨vKvWvg moK BZ¨vw` 2) ‡cf‡g‡›Ui Ae¯
v, †hgb- gm„Y, Agm„Y, †Zj‡Z‡j, K`©g, wfRv, ïK‡bv 3) Uvqv‡ii Ae¯
v, †hgb- bZzb Uvqvi, cyivZb Uvqvi 4) Uvqv‡i Pv‡ci cwigvY 5) Uvqv‡ii Dci cwZZ fv‡ii cwigvY 6) Mvwoi †eª‡Ki `ÿZv 99) fvj moKc„‡ôi •ewkó¨ : 1) mviv eQi ïK‡bv _vK‡e 2) fvj K¨v‡iRI‡q cvIqv hv‡e 3) Xvj I evuK mnR _vK‡e 4) cv_wgK I †givgZ LiP Kg n‡e 5) Iq¨vwis mvi‡dm cvwb A‡f`¨ n‡e 100) mo‡Ki R¨vwgwZK MV‡b cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix welq : 1) Nl©Y 4) wWRvBb w¯úW

2) moKc„‡ôi eÜziZv 5) Av‡jvi cÖwZdjb •ewkó¨

3) hvbevnb msL¨v 6) fzmvs¯
vwbK Ae¯
v I e„wócvZ

101) mo‡Ki R¨vwgwZK MV‡bi Ask mgyn : 1) cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i Ask ev Dcv`vb

2) `„wó‡MvPiZv

3) AbyfzwgK I Dj¤^ evuK

102 mo‡Ki GjvBb‡g›U : ‡Kvb GjvKvi fzwg‡Z miRwg‡b †h ¯
vb w`‡q cÖ¯ÍvweZ moK wbg©vY Kiv n‡e, H GjvKvi bKkv ev gvbwP‡Î D³ cÖ¯ÍvweZ mo‡Ki †Kw›`ªq †iLv G‡K †`Lv‡bv nq| G †iLv‡K mo‡Ki GjvBb‡g›U e‡j| 103) mo‡Ki GjvBb‡g›U AvuKvevuKv Kivi KviY : 1) ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ¯
vbmgyn ms‡hvM †`evi Rb¨ 2) gvwU KvUv I fiv‡Ui AvwaK¨ cwinvi Kivi Rb¨ 3) cÖwZeÜKZvi cwigvY Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ 4) Av`k© R¨vwgwZK wWRvB‡bi Dchy³Zvq Avbq‡bi Rb¨ 5) hvbevnb Pvj‡Ki GK‡N‡qwgZv Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ 6) ivR‣bwZK I Ab¨vb¨ Kvi‡Y

104) moK cwiKíbv : †h mywbw`©ó Kjv‡K․kj Gi gva¨‡g me©vwaK Dc‡hvMx moK, me©vwaK •`‡N©¨ wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K moK cwiKíbv e‡j| 105) RvZxq Rbc_ : mvaviYZ †`‡ki •`N©¨ eivei I cÖ¯
 eivei wbwg©Z cÖavb moKB RvZxq Rbc_| G c_ †`‡ki ivRavbx, e›`i, AvšÍ‡`kxq I ¸iæZ¡cyY© bMi¸‡jvi mv‡_ ms‡hvM ¯
vcb K‡i| 106 †Rjv Rbc_ : ‡Rjv Rbc_ †Rjvkn‡ii mv‡_ †Rjvi ¸iæZ¡cyY© ¯
vb, kni, e›`i evwbwR¨K †K›`ª BZ¨vw`i mv‡_ ms‡hvM ¯
vcb K‡i| G¸‡jv GK †Rjvi mv‡_ Ab¨ †Rjvi †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨g wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|

mv‡f©wqs 1) †j‡fwjs : ‡h Kjv‡K․k‡ji gva¨‡g fzc„‡ôi wewfbœ we›`y ev e¯Íy mgy‡ni Av‡cwÿK D‪PZv ev Gwj‡fkb wbY©q Kiv nq Zv‡K †j‡fwjs e‡j| 2) Gwj‡fkb : ‡Kvb wbw`©ó DcvË †iLv ev Zj n‡Z †Kvb we›`y ev e¯yÍi D‪PZv ev MfxiZv‡K H e¯Íyi Gwj‡fkb e‡j| 3) Av‡cwÿK Gwj‡fkb : `ywU we›`yMvgx mgZj c„ô `ywUi ZzjbvgyjK D‪PZv ev MfxiZv‡K Av‡cwÿK Gwj‡fkb e‡j| 4) Mo mgy`ªZj (MSL-Mean Sea Level) : ‡Kvb ¯
v‡bi `xN©Kvje¨vcx (mvaviYZ 19 eQi) Agvem¨v, cywY©gv, †RvqvifvUv BZ¨vw`mn mKj †ÿ‡Î mvM‡ii cvwbi no D‪PZv eivei m„ô Zj‡K Mo mgy`ªZj e‡j| evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ e‡½v‡cvmvMi Gi cvwbZj‡K Mo mgy`ªZj wn‡m‡e aiv nq| 5) DcvË Zj (Datum Surface) : ‡h avh©K…Z DcvË Zj n‡Z †Kvb we›`y ev e¯‧i Av‡cwÿK D‪PZv ev Gwj‡fkb wbY©q Kiv nq Zv‡K DcvË Zj e‡j| 6) DcvË †iLv (Datum) : DcvË Z‡ji †h †Kvb †iLv‡K DcvË †iLv e‡j| GUv GKUv avh©K…Z †iLv| 7) n«vmK…Z Kj (Reduced Level) : DcvË ‡iLv n‡Z †Kvb we›`y ev e¯Íyi j¤^ `yiZ¡‡K n«vmK…Z Zj e‡j| 8) cÖ¯‧wZ Zj (Formation Level) : ‡h wb‡`©wkZ Z‡j †Kvb iv¯Ív ev KvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K cÖ¯‧wZ Zj e‡j| cÖ¯‧wZ Zj fzwg Z‡ji wb‡P n‡j gvwU KvU‡Z n‡e Ges Dc‡i n‡j gv‡U fivU Ki‡Z n‡e| 9) †e gvK© : ‡Kvb wbw`©ó DcvË Zj n‡Z ÁvZ †Kvb ¯^viK we›`y ev e¯‧ hvi Gwj‡fkb Rvbv Av‡Q| G‡K †e gvK© e‡j| GUv 4 cÖKvi : 10) wR.wU.Gm ‡e gvK© : Mo mgy`ªZ‡ji mv‡c‡ÿ †`kxq miKvi KZ©„K Aby‡gvw`Z Rwic ms¯
v KZ©„K wbLyZfv‡e Rwi‡ci gva¨‡g mgMÖ Aby‡gvw`Z GjvKvi `yieZ©x wewfbœ we›`y‡Z wR.wU.Gm ‡e gvK© ¯
vcb Kiv nq Ges GUv D³ Rwic ms¯
v KZ©„K cÖKvkZ ZvwjKvi Ae¯
vb Avi.Gj G cÖKvk Kiv nq| 11) ¯
vqx †e gvK© : wR.wU.Gm ‡e gvK© ¸‡jvi ga¨eZ©x A‡j wewfbœ miKvix ms¯
vi gva¨‡g wewfbœ MyiæZ¡cyY© Bgvi‡Zi wcøš
G, KvjfvU© ev eªxR Gi †civ‡c‡U, wcjv‡i, iv¯Ívi wK‡jvwgUvi dj‡K G RvZxq †e gvK© ¯
vcb Kiv nq| G¸‡jv n«vmK…Z Z‡ji mv‡_ mgš^q †i‡L ¯
vcb Kiv nq| 12) A¯
vqx †e gvK© : ‡j‡fwjs KvR PjvKv‡j w`‡bi Amgvß Kv‡Ri †k‡l KvjfvU©, wcjvi, ‡d¬vi ev Mv‡Vi Mv‡q ¯úvBK cy‡Z mZK©Zvi mv‡_ G †eÂgvK© ¯
vcb Kiv nq †hb cieZ©x w`‡b D³ †e gvK© n‡Z KvR Avi¤¢ Kiv hvq|

13) avh©K…Z †e gvK© : G RvZxq †e gvK© Mo mgy`ªZ‡ji mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z bq| G¸‡jv‡K †QvULv‡Uv †j‡fwjs Kv‡Ri Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq| ¯^í GjvKvi fzwgiæc ev wewfbœ we›`yi D‪PZv ev MfxiZv Rvbvi Rb¨ †Kvb GKUv we›`y‡K †eÂgvK© a‡i wnmve wbKvk Kiv nq| ïaygvÎ †j‡fwjs Kv‡Ri myweavi Rb¨ G RvZxq †eÂgvK© ¯
vcb Kiv nq| 14) c¨vivjv· : GUv GK ai‡bi hvwš¿K ÎæwU| G ai‡Yi ÎæwU †j‡fj h‡š¿ †`Lv w`‡j mgš^q Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| h‡š¿i `ye©j †dvKvwms RwbZ Kvi‡Y Gi µm †nqvi Kvc‡Z _v‡K| GUv‡KB c¨vivjv· e‡j| 15) h‡š¿i D”PZv : h_vh_fv‡e mgwš^Z †j‡fj h‡š¿i Kwj‡gkb †iLvi n«vmK…Z ZjB h‡š¿i D‪PZv| 16) `yiwe‡bi Aÿ : Awfjÿ Kv‡Pi Av‡jvK †K›`ª Ges Awf‡bÎ †K‡›`ªi ms‡hvMKvix KvíwbK †iLv‡K `yiweb Aÿ e‡j| 17) Kwj‡gkb †iLv : `yiwe‡bi Awf‡b‡Îi †K›`ªwe›`y, Wvqd«v‡gi µm †nqv‡ii †Q`we›`y I Awfjÿ Kv‡Pi Av‡jvK †K›`ª ms‡hvMKvix KvíwbK ‡iLv‡K Kwj‡gkb †iLv e‡j| 18) †i ‡kW Gi KvR : ‡i †kW Awfjÿ Kv‡Pi Dci cwZZ AcÖ‡qvRbxq Av‡jv cÖwZ‡iva K‡i| 19) ‡j‡fj h‡š¿i mgš^q : ‡j‡fj h‡š¿i mgš^q ej‡Z Gi †g․wjK †iLv¸‡jv‡K cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i wfwˇZ mwVKfv‡e ivLv Ges K‡qKwU m¤ú‡K©i mwVK Ae¯
vq Avbqb Kiv‡K eySvq| 20 `y LywU cixÿv : ‡j‡fj h‡š¿i ¯
vqx mgš^‡qi †ÿ‡Î h‡š¿i Kwj‡gkb ‡iLv cÖK…Z AbyfzwgK Ae¯
v‡b Av‡Q wKbv †mUv hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ †h cixÿvq wbw`©ó `yi‡Z¡ (60 wgUvi †_‡K 100 wgUvi) `ywU LywU cy‡Z LywU؇qi `yi‡Z¡i wVK ga¨Lv‡b Ges †h †Kvb GKwU LywUi †÷k‡b ev Zvi wbKU `yi‡Z¡ (10 wgUvi †_‡K 20 wgUvi) †j‡fj hš¿ ewm‡q †hvRbvi Dfq LywUi †÷k‡bi ÷vd cvV wb‡q Dfq †hvRbvq LywU †÷kb؇qi D‪PZvi cv_©K¨ mgvb wK bv hvPvB Kiv nq Zv‡K `yLywU cixÿv e‡j| 21) h‡š¿i cðvr cvV : h‡š¿i cÖwZ †hvRbvi cÖ_g cvVB cðvr cvV| 22) h‡š¿i AMÖeZ©x cvV : h‡š¿i ‡h †Kvb †hvRbvi ‡kl cvVB AMÖeZ©x cvV| 23) h‡š¿i ga¨eZ©x cvV : h‡š¿i cÖwZ †hvRbvi cÖ_g cvV I cðvr cvV Gi gv‡Si mKj cvVB ga¨eZ©x cvV| 24) mgZjwgwZ jNyKiY : wewfbœ †÷k‡b cÖvß ÷vd cvV n‡Z †÷kb we›`y¸‡jvi Avi.Gj wbb©q Kivi c×wZ‡K mgZjwgwZ jNyKiY e‡j|

25) d¬vB †j‡fwjs : `ywU `yieZ©x we›`yi Gwj‡fkb Gi cv_©K¨ Rvbvi Rb¨ G ai‡bi †j‡fwjs Kiv nq| G‡Z mPivPi †j‡fwjs Kivi Rb¨ avivevwnK ev †h․wMK cÖK…qv e¨envi Kiv nq| G‡Z `yi‡Z¡i gvc †bIqv nqbv Ges cÖwZ ‡hvRbvi ïaygvÎ cðvr I AMÖeZ©x cvV †bIqv nq| we‡kl †ÿÎ e¨ZxZ †Kvb ga¨eZ©x ÷vd cV ev `yi‡Z¡i cwigvc †bIqv nq bv| 26) †cÖvdvBj †j‡fwjs : G †j‡fwjs G gva¨‡g †Kvb wbw`©ó ‡iLvq fzc„‡ôi eÜziZv Rvbvi Rb¨ wbw`©ó `yi‡Z¡i e¨eav‡b wbw`©ó †iLvi wewfbœ we›`y‡Z ÷vd cvV MÖnY K‡i wewfbœ we›`yi Gwj‡fkb wbY©q Kiv nq| G ai‡Yi †j‡fwjs Kv‡R `yi‡Z¡i cwigvc Ges cðvr ga¨eZ©x Ges AMÖeZ©x cvV †bIqv nq| 27) cÖ¯
‡”Q` †j‡fwjs : mvaviYZ cÖ¯ÍvweZ mo‡Ki †K›`ªxq †iLvi Dfq w`‡Ki fzwgiæ‡ci Dci wbf©i K‡i 30 n‡Z 50 wgUvi Ges †ijc‡_i †ÿ‡Î Dfq cv‡k 200 n‡Z 300 wgUvi ch©šÍ cÖwZ 10 wgUvi ci ci `yi‡Z¡i cwigvcmn AvovAvwo †iLvi Dci cðvr ga¨eZ©x I AMÖeZ©x cvV MÖnY K‡i `ycv‡ki wewfbœ we›`yi Gwj‡fkb Rvbvi Rb¨ cÖ¯
‡‪Q` ‡j‡fwjs Kiv nq| 28) wewbgqµg ‡j‡fwjs Gi D‡Ïk¨ : `y we›`yi gv‡S †Kvb cÖwZeÜKZvi Kvi‡Y †j‡fj h‡š¿i ¯
vcb Kiv m¤¢e bv n‡j †j‡fwjs Gi †h we‡kl c×wZi gva¨‡g Gwj‡fk‡bi cv_©K¨ wbY©q Kiv nq, Zv‡K wewbgqµg †j‡fwjs e‡j| Gi D‡Ïk¨mgyn nj : 1) `y we›`yi Gwj‡fk‡bi cÖK…Z cv_©K¨ wbf©yjfv‡e wbY©q 2) eµZv I cÖwZmiYRwbZ åvwš¿ `yi 3) Kwj‡gkb åvwšÍ `yi Kiv 4) `y we›`yi gvSvgvwS hš¿ ¯
vc‡bi Amyweav `yi Kiv 29) †j‡fwjs G wgjb åvwšÍ : ‡Kvb we›`yi cy‡e© wbwY©Z Avi.Gj I wbixÿvq‡b cÖvß Avi.Gj Gi cv_©K¨‡K †j‡fwjs G wgjb åvwšÍ ejv nq| 30) j¤^vjw¤^ †cÖvdvBj : cÖ¯ÍvweZ moK, Lvj BZ¨vw`i †K›`ªxq †iLv eivei ev Ab¨ ‡Kvb j¤^vjw¤^ †iLv eivei fzc„‡ôi fzwgiæc cÖ`k©bKvix †Qw`Z `„k¨‡K j¤^vjw¤^ †cÖvdvBj e‡j| 31) ÷vd cvV Gi Dci c„w_exi eµZvi cÖfve : c„w_exi eµZvi Kvi‡Y Kwj‡gk‡bi †iLvi wb‡Pi †÷k‡b M„nxZ ÷vd cvV cÖK…Z ÷vd cvV n‡Z AwaK nq Ges Kwj‡gkb †iLvi Dc‡ii †÷k‡b M„wnZ ÷vd cvV cÖK…Z cvV n‡Z Kg nq| 32) ÷vd cvV Gi Dci Av‡jvi cÖwZmi‡Yi cÖfve : Av‡jvi cÖwZmi‡Yi Kvi‡Y `„wó†iLv fzc„ôgyLx wKQzUv †eu‡K hvq weavq Kwj‡gkb †iLvi wb‡Pi †÷k‡b M„nxZ ÷vd cvV cÖK…Z ÷vd cvV n‡Z Kg nq Ges Kwj‡gkb †iLvi Dc‡ii †÷k‡b M„wnZ ÷vd cvV cÖK…Z cvV n‡Z AwaK nq| 33) K›Uzi, K›Uzi †iLv I K›Uzwis : ‡Kvb wbw`©ó DcvË Zj n‡Z mgj¤^ `yi‡Z¡ Aew¯
Z wewfbœ we›`yi ms‡hvMKvix KvíwbK †iLvB K›Uzi Ges bKkvq Aw¼Z †iLv‡K K›Uzi †iLv e‡j| Ges †h Kjv‡K․k‡ji gva¨‡g K›Uzi g¨vc A¼b Kiv nq Zv‡K K›Uzwis e‡j|

34) AbyfzwgK mg_©K : cvkvcvwk Aew¯
Z `ywU K›Uzi Gi ga¨eZ©x AbyfywgK `yiZ¡B nj AbyfywgK mg_©K| 35) K›Uzi Gi •ewkó¨ : 1) GKwU K›Uzi Gi cÖvZvU we›`yi Gwj‡fkb mgvb 2) cvnv‡oi Lvov w`K ev cvnv‡oi Sz‡j _vKv Ask Qvov KLbI wewfbœ Gwj‡fk‡bi `ywU K›Uzi ci¯úi‡K †Q` Ki‡e bv| 3) GKwU K›Uzi KLbI gvbwP‡Îi gvSLv‡b †kl n‡e bv| GwU nq wg‡j hv‡e A_ev gvbwP‡Îi evB‡i P‡j hv‡e| 4) mg`yi‡Z¡ K›Uzi †iLvi Aew¯
wZ mgXvj wb‡`©k K‡i| 5) mij mgvšÍivj I mg`yi‡Z¡ Aew¯
Z K›Uzi †iLv mgZj fzwg wb‡`©k K‡i| 6) avivevwnK e× K›Uzi †iLv¸‡jvi hw` wfZ‡ii w`‡Ki K›Uzi gvb AwaK nq Z‡e cvnvo ev wUjv ev g„wËKv ¯‧c wb‡`©k K‡i| 7) avivevwnK e× K›Uzi †iLv¸‡jvi hw` evB‡ii w`‡Ki K›Uzi gvb AwaK nq Z‡e ‡Kvb Rjvkq wb‡`©k K‡i| 8) avivevwnK K›Uzi †iLvi wfZ‡ii w`‡Ki gvb Kg n‡j cvwb wb®‥vkb bvjv ev Lvj wb‡`©k K‡i| 9) avivevwnK K›Uzi †iLvi wfZ‡ii w`‡Ki gvb AwaK n‡j euva, AvBj BZ¨vw` wb‡`©k K‡i| 10) K›Uzi †iLv LÛ LÛ n‡Z cv‡i bv| 11) K›Uzi †iLv DcZ¨Kv ev AwaZ¨Kv †iLv‡K mg‡Kv‡Y †Q` K‡i| 36) BwÄwbqvwis †ÿ‡Î K›Uzi Gi e¨envi : 1) GwU wewfbœ BwÄwbqvwis cÖK‡íi Dchy³ I myweavRbK ¯
vb wbe©vP‡b mnvqZv K‡i| 2) GUv †Kvb cÖK‡íi Rb¨ gvwU KvUv I fiv‡Ui cwigvY wbY©q Ki‡Y mnvqZv K‡i| 3) GUv Rjvav‡ii avibÿgZv wbY©q Ki‡Y mnvqZv K‡i| 4) GUv cvwb AvµvšÍ ¯
v‡bi cvwb wb®‥vk‡bi mnvqK w`‡Ki Ae¯
vb †`wL‡q †`q| 5) GUvi mvnv‡h¨ mn‡RB µm †mKkb AsKb K‡i fzwgiæc cÖ`k©b Kiv hvq| 6) †h †Kvb cÖKí wbe©vPb I ev¯Íevq‡bi Kv‡R GUv e¨envi Kiv hvq| 37) fvwb©qvi w_I‡WvjvB‡Ui †g․wjK †iLv¸‡jvi gv‡S m¤úK© : 1) ‡cøU evej Dj¤^ A‡ÿi mv‡_ j¤^ n‡e| 2) Kwj‡gkb ‡iLv h‡š¿i AbyfzwgK A‡ÿi mg‡Kv‡Y _vK‡e| 3) AbyfzwgK A‡ÿi Dci Dj¤^ Aÿ j¤^ n‡e| 4) `yiwe‡bi †j‡fj Aÿ Kwj‡gkb †iLvi mgvšÍivj n‡e| 5) Kwj‡gkb †iLv AbyfzwgK _vKv Ae¯
vq fvwb©qv‡ii cvV ïb¨ n‡e| 6) ÷ªvBwWs †j‡f‡ji Aÿ AbyfzwgK A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj n‡e| 38) fvwb©qvi w_I‡WvjvB‡Ui †g․wjK †iLvmgyn : 1) Dj¤^ Aÿ 2) cv‡Zi evej Aÿ 3) Kwj‡gkb †iLv 5) evej Aÿ 6) ÷ªvBwWs †j‡fj Aÿ

4) AbyfzwgK Aÿ

39) fvwb©qvi UªvbwRU w_I‡WvjvB‡Ui ¯
vqx mgš^q mgyn : 1) cv‡Zi †j‡fj mgš^q 4) †j‡fj wUD‡ei mgš^q

2) Kwj‡gkb †iLvi mgš^q 5) Dj¤^ myPK †d«‡gi mgš^q

3) AbyfzwgK A‡ÿi mgš^q

40) wµ‡KvYwgwZK †j‡fwjs : GUv GKUv c‡ivÿ †j‡fwjs c×wZ| G c×wZ‡Z wewfbœ we›`yi Gwj‡fkb wbiæc‡Y w·KvYwgwZK myÎ, Dj¤^ †KvY I AbyfzwgK `yiZ¡ ev Mo mgy`ªZ‡j wRI‡WwUK `yiZ¡ e¨envi Kiv nq| Mo mgy`ªZj n‡Z eû`y‡i †eÂgvK© ¯
vc‡b, AMg¨ ¯
vb ev Dj¤^ ¯
v‡bi Gwj‡fkb wbY©‡q G c×wZ e¨envi Kiv nq| 41) ‡Ni : Uªvfvm© †÷kb w`‡q AwZµgKvix wbw`©ó w`K I •`N©¨ gv‡bi avivevwnK mKj †iLv Øviv m„ó KvVv‡gv‡K †Ni ev Uªvfvm© ejv nq| 42) †Ni Gi †K․wYK gv‡ci wbixÿv : 1) †h †Kvb e× †N‡ii AšÍ¯
 †Kv‡Yi mgwó = (2n  4)  90 n‡e 2) †h †Kvb e× †N‡ii ewnt¯
 †Kv‡Yi mgwó = (2n  4)  90 n‡e 3) †h †Kvb e× †N‡ii cÖwZ¯^iY †Kv‡Yi mgwó =  360 n‡e 4) me©‡kl evûi m¤§yL weqvwis = cðvr weqvwis  180 n‡e 43) Rwic †iLvi Aÿvsk : ‡Kvb Rwic †iLvi Aÿvsk ej‡Z DËi-`wÿY †iLvi mgvšÍiv‡j H †iLvi †Kv AwW©‡bU `yiZ¡‡K eySvq| 44) Rwic †iLvi `ªwNgvsk : ‡Kvb Rwic †iLvi `ªvwNgvsk ej‡Z DËi-`wÿY †iLvi mv‡_ j¤^fv‡e H †iLvi †Kv AwW©‡bU `yiZ¡‡K eySvq| 45) eׇN‡ii †ÿ‡Î wgjb åvwšÍ : eׇNi mgZvKi‡Yi ci ¯
vbvs‡Ki wfwˇK cøU Ki‡j cÖvi¤¢ I mgvß we›`y GKB we›`y n‡e| wKšÍ †K․wbK ev •`N©¨ cwigv‡c ÎæwUi Rb¨ cÖvi¤¢ I mgvß we›`y GKB we›`y bv n‡j D³ we›`y؇qi ms‡hvMKvix mij‡iLvi ‣`N©¨‡K wgjbåvwšÍ e‡j| 46) †U‡KvwgUvi Rwic : ‡U‡KvwgUvi Rwic †K․wbK Rwic weÁv‡bi GKwU kvLv| Rwic weÁv‡bi †h kvLvq wkKj ev wdZvi mvnv‡h¨ `yi‡Z¡i cwigvc bv K‡i hvwš¿K ch©‡eÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖvß Z_¨vw`i wfwˇZ `yi‡Z¡i cwigvc Kiv nq Zv‡K †U‡KvwgUvi Rwic e‡j| 47) †÷wWqv Rwic : ‡U‡KvwgUv‡ii Wvqvd«v‡gi ‡÷wWqv †nqv‡ii gva¨‡g cÖvß cvVgv‡bi wfwˇZ †h Rwic Kiv nq Zv‡K †÷wWqv Rwic e‡j| 48) fzmvs¯
vwbK Rwic : ‡h we‡kl Rwic cÖK…qvq fzc„‡ôi cÖK…wZ wba©viY Kivi cvkvcvwk AbyfzwgK Z‡j Gi cÖvK…wZK I K…wÎg A½mgy‡ni Aew¯
wZi ¯
vb wba©viY Kiv nq Zv‡K fzmvs¯
wbK Rwic e‡j| Ges G Rwi‡ci gva¨‡g cÖvß Z_¨vw`i wfwˇZ †h gvbwPÎ AsKb Kiv nq Zv‡K fzmvs¯
vwbK Rwic e‡j| 49) Av‡jvKwPÎ Rwic : ‡h Rwic Dchy³ ‡ókb n‡Z K¨v‡givi gva¨‡g Av‡jvKwPÎ MÖnY K‡i M„nxZ Av‡jvKwP‡Îi Aej¤^‡b wewfbœ Kjv‡K․k‡ji I •eÁvwbK cÖK…qvq mwVKfv‡e bKkv ev gvbwPÎ cÖYqb Kiv nq, Zv‡K Av‡jvKwPÎ Rwic e‡j| †Kvb GjvKvi ‡cøwb‡gwUª, fz-mvs¯
wbK bKkv cÖYqb, g„wËKvi †kÖYxwe‡kølY, fz-we‡kølY, †Mvcbxq mvgwiK Z_¨vw` msMÖnKiY BZ¨vw`B Av‡jvKwPÎ Rwi‡ci D‡Ïk¨|

50) wb®‥vkb : GKK mg‡q †Kvb wbw`©ó cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡` †h cwigvY cvwb cÖevwnZ nq, H cwigvY cvwb‡K H cÖ¯
‡‪Q‡`i GKK mg‡qi wb®‥vkb e‡j| 51) mvDwÛs : cvwbgMœ GjvKvi †Kvb we›`y‡Z cvwb c„ô n‡Z Dj¤^fv‡e Zj‡`k ch©šÍ MfxiZvi cwigvY‡K H we›`yi mvDwÛs e‡j| 52) wZb we›`y mgm¨v : GKwU AÁvZ we›`y‡Z wZbwU ÁvZ we›`yi Øviv m„ó †KvYØq Rvbv _vK‡j †h mgm¨v mgvav‡bi gva¨‡g AÁvZ we›`ywUi Ae¯
vb Rvbv hvq, H mgm¨v‡K wZb we›`y mgm¨v e‡j| Gi mgvav‡bi Dcvqmgyn nj : 1) •iwLK c×wZ

2) •e‡køwlK c×wZ

3) hvwš¿K c×wZ

53) mvDwÛs Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv : 1) †b․PjvP‡ji c_ wb‡`©‡k bwUK¨vj PvU© •ZwiKiY 2) ‡Kvb Rjvk‡qi cvwb wb®‥vk‡bi ÿgZv wbY©qKiY 3) †WªwRsK…Z mvgMÖxi cwigvY wbiƒcYKiY 4) †cvZvkÖq e›`i BZ¨vw`‡Z wewfbœ KvVv‡gvi wWRvBbKiY 54) nvBWªMÖvwdK Rwic : Rwic weÁv‡bi †h kvLv †Kvb Rjvav‡ii Zj‡`‡ki fzcÖK…wZ, †ÿÎdj, cvwb cÖevn, cvwbi cwigvY, MfxiZv I GZ`msµvšÍ wel‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i Zv‡K nvBWªMÖvwdK Rwic e‡j| 55) nvBWªMÖvwdK Rwi‡ci D‡Ïk¨ : 1) †b․PjvP‡ji c_ wb‡`©‡k bwUK¨vj PvU© •ZwiKiY 2) DcKzjxq †iLvi bKkv cÖYqb 3) wbgw¾Z cvnvo, evwZ, eqv evwjPi BZ¨vw`i wecwË wPwýZKiY 4) e›`‡ii wbg©vY I Dbœq‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ ch©‡eÿY 5) cvwbi Zj‡`‡ki •ewkó¨ wbiæcY 6) ‡Kvb Rjvk‡qi cvwb wb®‥vk‡bi ÿgZv wbY©qKiY 7) †WªwRsK…Z mvgMÖxi cwigvY wbiƒcYKiY 8) Mo mgy`ª mgZj wbiæcY 56) wÎfyRvqb Rwic : G Rwic c×wZ‡Z RwicZe¨ GjvKv‡K KZK¸‡jv wÎfzR KvVv‡gv‡Z wef³ K‡i cÖwZwU wÎfz‡Ri evûi •`N©¨ I ‡KvY †g‡c Rwic Kvh© m¤úbœ Kiv nq| 57) †em †bU : wfwˇiLvi mv‡_ avivevwnKfv‡e myVvg wÎfzR KvVv‡gv m„wó K‡i cÖavb wÎfyRvq‡bi mv‡_ ms‡hvwRZ K‡i †`qv nq| cÖavb wÎfzRvq‡bi mv‡_ ms‡hvM `vbKvix wÎfyRgvjv‡K ‡em †bU e‡j| 58) wÎfyRvqb Rwi‡ci D‡Ïk¨ : 1) Gi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ nj fzc„‡ôi mywekvj GjvKvi wewfbœ we›`yi cig Ae¯
vb ev Av‡cwÿK Ae¯
vb wba©viY| 2) †h mKj †ÿ‡Î AbyfzwgK `yi‡Z¡i cwigvc †bq m¤¢e nqbv, †m mKj †ÿ‡Î G Rwic Dc‡hvMx| 3) ¯
vbxq Rwi‡c †iXv‡iÝ wn‡m‡e G Rwic Kvh© †ek mnvqK|

59) wfwˇiLv : wÎfzRvqb Rwi‡c wÎfzR KvVv‡gv mgy‡ni GKwU wbw`©ó evû‡K AwZ my²Zvi mv‡_ cwigvc K‡i ¯
vcb Kiv nq| G †iLvi Dci wfwË K‡i Ab¨vb¨ wÎfzR KvVv‡gvi mKj evû cwigvc Kiv nq| G‡K wfwˇiLv e‡j| 60) hvPvB‡iLv : wÎfzRvqb Rwic †k‡l wÎfyR KvVv‡gvi †kl evû‡K AwZ my²Zvi mv‡_ cwigvc K‡i Rwi‡ci weï×Zv hvPvB Kiv nq| G †iLv‡K hvPvB‡iLv e‡j| 61) MÖwš
 †iLv : `ywU cÖavb wkKj †iLvi Dci Aew¯
Z wbw`©ó we‡kl †÷kb ؇qi ms‡hvMKvix †iLv‡K MÖwš
 †iLv e‡j| 62) cÖavb †÷kb : ‡h mg¯Í Rwic †iLvi mvnv‡h¨ RwicZe¨ GjvKvi mxgvbv wba©viY Kiv nq H mg¯Í Rwic †iLvi cÖvšÍ we›`y‡K cÖavb †÷kb e‡j| 63) MÖwš
 †÷kb : Rwic Kvh© myô fv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖavb †÷kb n‡Z wbw`„ó `y‡i †h mKj mvnvh¨Kvix †÷kb emv‡‡bv nq Zv‡K MÖwš
 †÷kb e‡j| 64) iv¯Ívi Xvj S : 1 Gi A_© : iv¯Ívi Xvj S : 1 Gi A_© ej‡Z eySvq iv¯Ívi AbyfzwgK `yiZ¡ S GKK n‡j Gi Dj¤^ `yiZ¡ 1 GKK 65) Dj¤^ evuK : ‡ijc_ ev moKc‡_ wecixZ `ywU Xvj ev wb¤œgyLx ev DaŸ©gyLx `ywU Xvj GK‡Î wgwjZ n‡j ms‡hvM¯
‡j Lvov †Kv‡Yi m„wó K‡i| Giæc Ae¯
vq GK Xvj n‡Z Ab¨ Xv‡j µgvš^‡q AeZi‡Yi Rb¨ D³ ¯
v‡b †h evuK ¯
vcb Kiv nq Zv‡K Dj¤^ evuK e‡j| 66) evK : ‡K․wbK fv‡e wgwjZ `ywU iv¯Ív‡K †h e„ËvKvi ev Awae„ËvKvi Ask Øviv ms‡hvM †`Iqv nq, †mB e„ËvKvi ev Awae„ËvKvi Ask‡K evK e‡j| 67) ev‡Ki †kÖYxwefvM : evK

e„ËKvi evK

Awae„ËKvi evK

mij evK ‡h․wMK evK wecixZ evK mwc©j

µvwšÍ evK wÎgvwÎK Awae„Ë

Dj¤^ evK ‡bwg‡b‡¯‥U

DËj evK

AeZj

68) ev‡Ki cÖ‡qvRbxqZv : 1| †K․wbKfv‡e wgwjZ `ywU iv¯Ívq mn‡R w`K cwieZ©‡bi myweav cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ 2| iv¯Ívi w`K cwieZ©‡b hvÎx‡`i AvivgcÖ` åg‡bi Rb¨ 3| iv¯Ívi w`K cwieZ©‡b hvbevnb‡K `yN©Ubvi nvZ n‡Z iÿv Kivi Rb¨ 4| Lv‡ji cvo‡K ÿ‡qi nvZ n‡Z iÿv Kivi Rb 5| `y AvbyfzwgK Z‡j `ywU iv¯Ív‡K ms‡hvM †`evi Rb¨ 6| iv¯^vi •`N©¨ n«vmKi‡Yi Rb¨ 69) †h mKj †ÿ‡Î Dj¤^ evuK ¯
vcb Kiv nq : 1) wb¤œgyLx ev DaŸ©gyLx `ywU Xvj GK‡Î wgwjZ n‡j ms‡hvM¯
‡j 2) Aí gvÎvi DaŸ©gyLx Xv‡ji mv‡_ AwaK gvÎvi DaŸ©gyLx Xv‡ji ms‡hvM ‡`evi Rb¨ 3) Aí gvÎvi wb¤œgyLx Xv‡ji mv‡_ AwaK gvÎvi wb¤œgyLx Xv‡ji ms‡hvM ‡`evi Rb¨ 4) DaŸ©gyLx Xv‡j mv‡_ AbyfzwgK Z‡ji ms‡hvM GjvKvq| 70) cywÄfzZ åvwšÍ : cwigvc PjvKv‡j †h åvwšÍ µgvMZ fv‡e evo‡ZB _v‡K Zv‡K cywÄfyZ åvwšÍ e‡j| GUv `yB cÖKvi : 1) abvZ¥K cywÄfzZ åvwšÍ

2) FYvZ¥K cywÄfzZ åvwšÍ

71) ÿwZcyiK åvwšÍ : cwigvc PjvKv‡j wkK‡ji •`N©¨ Kgv ev e„w×i Kvi‡Y †h åvwšÍ nq Zv‡K ÿwZcyiK åvwšÍ e‡j| 72) Ad‡mU : wkKj †iLv n‡Z †Kvb we›`y ch©šÍ `yiZ¡‡K Ad‡mU e‡j| 73) fz‡MvjKxq wÎfz‡Ri D‡Ïk¨ : 1) fzc„‡ôi mg`yieZ©x wewfbœ we›`ymgy‡ni Av‡cwÿZK D‪PZv wbY©q| 2) wewfbœ cÖvK…wZK •ewk‡ó¨i mgwš^Z gvbwPÎ •Zwi Kiv| 3) †Kvb wbw`©ó fzL‡Ûi mxgv‡iLv wba©viY Kiv| 4) †Kvb †`‡ki we¯ÍvwiZ †f․MwjK Z_¨vw` msMÖn Kiv| 74) bMi Rwi‡c e¨eüZ †¯‥j : 1) fzmvs¯
vwbK gvbwPÎ •Zwi‡Z- 1 : 20000 ev 25000 †¯‥j 2) m¤úwËi gvbwPÎ •Zwi‡Z- 1 : 500 †¯‥j 3) ‡`qvj gvbwPÎ •Zwi‡Z- 1 : 20000 ev 25000 †¯‥j 4) fz-wb¤œ¯
 gvbwPÎ •Zwi‡Z- 1 : 500 †¯‥j 75) wK‡¯Ívqvi Rwic : ‡h Rwi‡ci gva¨‡g ‡Kvb GjvKvi Rwg¸‡jv `v‡M `v‡M †g‡c bKkv cÖbqb, gvwjKvbv I ¯^Z¡ wba©viY, Rwgi cÖKvb wba©viY, LvRbv Av`vqKiY BZ¨vw` KvR Kiv nq Zv‡K wK‡¯Ívqvi Rwic e‡j| 76) wc-70 kxU : Uªvfvm© cvwU© KZ…©K ‡g․Rv †N‡ii †h bKkv cÖbqb Kiv nq Zv‡K wc-70 kxU e‡j| G kxU ev K¼vj bKkv‡ZB gyieŸv MVb, KvUvb KvUv I wK‡¯Ívqvi bKkv cÖbqb Kiv nq| 77) wm.Gm : ‡Kvb fzwg ivR¯^ BDwb‡Ui bKkv I †iKW© cÖbq‡bi Rb¨ †h Rwic Kiv nq Zv mvwe©K mvwe©K Rwic ev wm Gm bv‡g cwiwPZ|

78) Avi Gm : 1g mvwe©K Rwi‡ci bKkv I †iKW© mgyn cÖwZ 15 †_‡K 20 eQi cici ms‡kva‡bi Rb¨ †h mvwe©K Rwic Kiv nq Zv‡K Avi Gm e‡j| 79) gyieŸv : wK‡¯Ívqvi Rwi‡ci myweav‡Z© GKwU †g․Rv‡K KZK¸‡jv PZzfyR © AvK…wZi GjvKvq fvM K‡i †bIqv nq| G‡K gyieŸv e‡j| 80) KvUvb : gyieŸv †iLv ev wkKj †i‡Lv ‡h ¯
v‡b Rwgi AvBj‡K †Q` K‡I, Zv‡K KvUvb e‡j| 81) LwZqvb : ‡g․Rv‡Z GK ev GKvwaK gvwj‡Ki Rwgi weeiY †h wba©wiZ di‡g c„_K cwiwPwZ b¤^i Øviv wPwýZ Kivnq Zv‡K LwZqvb e‡j| 82) cP©v : LwZqv‡bi †h Abywjwc Rwgi gvwjK‡K †`Iqv nq Zv‡K cP©v e‡j| 83) wmKwg jvBb : wK‡¯Ívqvi Rwi‡ci cÖwZwU gyieŸvi Rwgi cøU¸‡jv‡K wbLyZLv‡e bKkv‡Z DVv‡bvi Rb¨ †ewkifvM cø‡Ui j¤^vjw¤^ AvB‡ji †gvUvgyvU mgvšÍiv‡j `y wkKj AšÍi AšÍi †h mKj †iLv Uvbv nq Zv‡K wmKwg jvBb e‡j| 84) wK‡¯Ívqvi Rwi‡c e¨eüZ †¯‥j mgyn : 1| mvaviY †ÿ‡Î 2| NYemwZi †ÿ‡Î 3| kn‡ii †ÿ‡Î 85) †g․Rv : wK‡¯Ívqvi Rwi‡ci Dc‡Rjvi Awab †f․MwjK GjvKv‡K c„_K c„_K cwiwPwZ b¤^I w`‡q ¯^Zš¿fv‡e Avjv`v Kiv nq| G cwiwPwZ b¤^imgyn‡K †g․Rv e‡j| 86) `vwLjv : Zdwmj Awdm n‡Z fzwgi LvRbv cÖvwßi †h iwk` wbw`©ó di‡g †`Iqv nq Zv‡K `vwLjv e‡j| 87) wgD‡Ukb : ‡Kvb evw³ fzwg gvwjKvbv AR©b Ki‡j, Zvi bv‡g LvRbv ev Ki †`qvi myweav‡_© wewa †gvZv‡eK miKvix †iKW© msiÿY K‡i eZ©gvb gvwj‡Ki bvg †iKW©fz³ Ki‡Yi AvBbMZ e¨e¯
v‡K wgD‡Ukb e‡j| 88) †cøb †Uwej Rwic Gi D‡Ïk¨ mgyn : 1| gv‡Vi KvR I bKkvi KvR GKmv‡_ Kivi Rb¨ 2| w_I‡WvjvBU †÷k‡bi ga¨eZ©x GjvKvi we¯ÍvwiZ Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ 3| †K․wbK cwigvc I •iwLK cwigvc Qvov Rwic Kivi D‡Ïk¨ 4| `ªæZ bKkvq‡bi KvR ‡kl Kivi Rb¨ 5| Kg Li‡P. Kg mg‡q bKkvi KvR †kl Kivi Rb¨

e¨envwiK †R¨vwZwe©Ávb 1) †MvjKxq wÎfzR : ‡Mvj‡Ki Z‡ji Dci gnve„‡Ëi wZbwU Pvc `¦viv Aw¼Z mxgve× ‡¶Î‡K †MvjKxq wÎfzR e‡j| 2) †R¨vwZlxq Rwic : ‡h weÄvb I Kjv‡K․kj cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g gnvk~b¨ †R¨vwZ¯‥mg~‡ni Ae¯
vb ch©‡e¶Y K‡i c„w_exc„‡ô ga¨‡iLv, w`Msk, Aÿvsk Ges mgq wbY©q Kiv hvq Zv‡K †R¨vwZlxq Rwic e‡j| 3) ayªe A¶ : c„w_exi ‡h A¶ ev e¨v‡mi Ici AvewZ©Z nq Zv‡K AveZ©Y A¶ ev ayªe A¶ e‡j| G A‡¶i Dfq cÖvšÍ we›`y‡K ‡giæ e‡j| †hgb, DËi †giæ, `w¶Y †giæ| 4) †MvjKxq w·KvYwgwZ : †R¨vwZlxq Rwic L-‡MvjKxq wewfbœ we›`y ev e¯Ímgy‡ni Ae¯
vb cwigv‡ci Rb¨ ‡h w·KvYwgwZi mvnvh¨ ‡bqv nq Zv‡K †MvjKxq w·KvYwgwZ e‡j| 5) †MvjKxq wÎfzR ag©mgyn : 1. †MvjKxq wÎfz‡Ri †h‡Kvb †Kv‡Yi gvb `yB mg‡Kvb ev  A‡c¶v Kg| 2. †MvjKxq wÎfz‡Ri †h‡Kvb `yB evûi mgwó Z…Zxq evû A‡c¶v e„nËg| evû ‡Mvj‡Ki †K‡›`ª m„ó †Kv‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ cªKvk Kiv nq| 3. †MvjKxq wÎfz‡Ri wZbwU †Kv‡Yi mgwó `yB mg‡Kvb ev  A‡c¶v e„nËg wKš‧ Qq mg‡Kvb ev 3 A‡c¶v e„`ªZi| 4. e„nZi evûi wecixZ †KvY e„nZi Ges e„nËg evûi wecixZ †KvY e„nËi| 5. ‡h †Kvb `yB evûi mgwó `yB mg‡Kvb ev  Gi mgvb n‡j Zv‡`i wecixZ ‡KvY؇qi mgwó I `yB mg‡Kvb ev  Gi mgvb n‡e| 6) †MvjKxq wÎfy‡Ri †¶Îdj wbY©‡qi m~Î :  A  B  C  180  2 Sc   R 2    R 180 180   GLv‡b, R  c„w_exi e¨vmva©

7) welye j¤^ : ‡Kv‡bv ¯^Mxq e¯‧i j¤^ ev Aebgb ej‡Z ga¨‡iLv eivei welye †iLv ch©šÍ †K․wYK `~iZ¡‡K eySvq| 8) iwegvM© : gnvk~‡b¨ m~h© c„w_ex‡K ‡K›`ª K‡i ‡h gnve„ËvKvi c‡_ mviv ermi cwiågb K‡i Zv‡K iwegvM© e‡j| 9) `„g¨gvb w`MšÍ `yiZ¡ : Mo mgy`ªmgZ‡ji wbw`©ó D‪PZvi †Kvb we›`y n‡Z ZvKv‡j `„wó‡iLv Mo mgy`ªZ‡ji †h we›`y‡Z ¯úk© K‡i, H we›`y n‡Z `„wó we›`y ch©šÍ `yiZ¡‡K `„g¨gvb w`MšÍ `yiZ¡ e‡j|

mgq 1) †h mKj Zvwi‡L Kvj mgxKi‡Yi gvb kyb¨ nq : ‡h w`b¸‡jv‡Z cÖK…Z m~h© I Mo m~h© GKB ga¨‡iLvq Ae¯
vb K‡i I&B w`b¸‡jv‡Z AvcvZ mgq I Mo mgq mgvb nq| d‡j mg‡qi mgxKiY Gi gvb k~b¨ nq| erm‡i Pvievi †gvUvgywU 15 GwcÖj, 14 Ryb, 2 †k †m‡Þ¤^i I 25 †k wW‡m¤^I Kvj mgxKi‡Yi gvb k~b¨ nq| 2) LMT I G.M.T Gi c~Y©iƒc : LMT = Local Mean Time G.M.T = Greenwich Mean Time

3) aªyeZviv : ivwÎKv‡j †gNgy³ AvKv‡k DËi †Mvjv‡a© †giæi KvQvKvwQ †h DR¡j w¯
i ZviKv Lvwj †Pv‡LI †`Lv hvq Zv‡K aªyeZviv e‡j| 4) cÖK…Z ga¨‡iLv : c„w_ixc„‡ô †Kvb wbw`©ó we›`y w`‡q DËi I `wÿY †giæ ms‡hvMKvix mij‡iLv‡K cÖK…Z ga¨‡iLv e‡j| 5) †mvjvi A¨vUP‡g›U : gnvk~b¨ †R¨vwZlxq Rwi‡ci †ÿ‡Î †m․igÛ‡j ch©‡eÿ‡Yi Rb¨ mvaviY w_I‡WvjvB‡Ui mv‡_ †h we‡kl hš¿ e¨ewnZ nq Zv‡K †mvjvi A¨vUP‡g›U e‡j| 6) Aÿvsk I `ªvwNgvsk : ‡Kv‡bv ¯
v‡bi Aÿvsk ej‡Z wbiÿe„Ë n‡Z wbKUeZx© †giæi w`‡K ga¨‡iLv eivei †K․wYK `~iZ¡‡K eySvq| Gi gvb wWwMª‡Z cÖKvk Kiv nq| Gi gvb 0 ‡_‡K 90 DËi I `wÿ‡Y cwigvc Kiv nq| Avevi ‡Kv‡bv ¯
v‡bi `ªvwNgvsk ej‡Z g~j ga¨‡iLv n‡Z c~‡e© ev cwð‡g ‡Kv‡bv ¯
v‡bi †K․wYK `~iZ¡‡K eySvq| Gi gvb 0 †_‡K 180 ch©šÍ c~‡e© I cwð‡g cwigvc Kiv nq| 7) wbiÿ‡iLv : `yB †giæ n‡Z mgvb `~‡i f~‡Mvj‡K c~e© - cwð‡g †h †iLv Kíbv Kiv nq Zv‡K wbiÿ‡iLv e‡j|

wfwˇiLv m¤ú‡K© Rvbv 1) †h Kvi‡Y wfwˇiLv cwigv‡c mZK©Zvi cª‡qvRb : wÎf~Rvqb Rwi‡c †Kvb GjvKvq †Kej GwU wfwˇiLv cwigvc K‡i Ab¨vb¨ evû¸‡jvi •`N©¨ mvBb iæj cª‡qvM K‡i †ei Kiv nq| wfwˇiLv cwigv‡c åvwšÍ n‡j GB åvwšÍ mgMª GjvKvq Qwo‡q co‡e Ges Rwic KvR ÎæwU c~Y© n‡e| GRb¨ wfwˇiLv cwigv‡c GZ mZK©Zvi cª‡qvRb| 2) wfwˇiLv cwigv‡c cª‡qvRbxq ms‡kvabx ¸‡jv wb‡P D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv: 1) ZvcRwbZ ms‡kvabx, Ct   Tm  T0  L

 P0  L ( ve) AE 3) Szjb RwbZms‡kvabx, Ct   Tm  T0  L ( ve)

2) UvbRwbZ ms‡kvabx, C p 

Pm

( ve)

h2 ( ve) 2L 5) cig •`‡N¨©i ms‡kvabx, CH  AC 1  cos 1   BC 1  cos 2 

4) XvjRwbZ ms‡kvabx, Cv 

( ve)

3) †em‡bU : ‡h wÎf~Rgvjv wfwˇiLv‡K cÖavb wÎfzRvq‡bi mv‡_ ms‡hvM mvab K‡i Zv‡K †em‡bU e‡j| 4) ¯^vfvweK Uvb : wdZvi Dci †h cwigvc Uvb cÖ‡hvM Ki‡j UvbRwbZ I SzjbRwbZ ÎæwUi exRMvwYwZK †hvMdj k~b¨ nq Zv‡K ¯^vfvweK Uvb e‡j|

wWwRUvj w_I‡WvjvBU 1) gvB‡µvcwUK w_I‡WvjvBU : G ai‡Yi w_I‡WvjvB‡U gvB‡µvwgUvi mshy³ _v‡K| gvB‡µvwgUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ AZ¨šÍ m~ÿ¨fv‡e †Kv‡Yi cvV MªnY Kiv hvq| 2) wWwRUvj I Ab¨vb¨ w_I‡WvjvB‡Ui gv‡S cv_©K¨ : wWwRUvj w_I‡WvjvBU `ªæZ cvV MÖnY Kiv hvq| G‡Z GK †m‡KÛ ch©šÍ cvV MÖnY Kiv m¤¢e|

G‡Z wWm‡cø c¨v‡bj †_‡K cvV MÖnY Kiv nq| G‡Z cÖvß cvV wW¯‥ Gi gva¨‡g Kw¤úDUv‡i ¯
vbvšÍwiZ Kiv hvq| cvIqvi wn‡m‡e e¨vUvix e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| G‡Z myÿZvi gvÎv †ewk|

Ab¨vb¨ w_I‡WvjvBU mgq †ewk jv‡M| cvuP †m‡KÛ ch©šÍ cvV MÖnb Kiv hvq| Z‡e fvwb©qvi e¨env‡ii gva‡g ‡Kvb †Kvb w_I‡WvjvB‡U GK †m‡KÛ ch©šÍ cvV cvIqv m¤¢e| G‡Z †Lvjvfv‡e A_ev wiwWs gvB‡µvm‡Kv‡ci mvnv‡h¨ cvV †bIqv nq| m¤¢e bq| e¨vUvixi cÖ‡qvRb nqbv| G‡Z myÿZvi gvÎv Kg|

‡UvUvj †÷k‡bi Kvh©bxwZ I e¨envi 1) Acv‡ikb c¨v‡bj : এ প্যাননর বফববন্ন ধযননয কী ফা ফাটন থানক। এ প্যাননর থথনক বফববন্ন ফাটন থেন঩ কাজ কযা মায়। 2) থটাটার থে঱ননয সভয়ন্বনগুনরা বনম্নরূ঩ : ১) থেট থরনবনরয সভন্বয়ন ৩) কবরনভ঱ন থযখায সভন্বয়ন 5) অ঩টিকযার োনভট এয সভন্বয়ন

২) বৃত্রাকায থরনবনরয সভন্বয়ন ৪) থযটিনকর-এয সভন্বয়ন 6) টিল্ট থরনবনরয সভন্বয়ন।

3) বনম্নবরবখত কানজ থটাটার থে঱ন ব্যফহাযকযা হয় : 1) থকাণ ঩বযভান঩ 2) দূযত্ব ঩বযভান঩ 3)আয়তাকায ¯
vনাঙ্ক ঩বযভান঩ 4) বযিং থসক঱ন ঩বযভান঩ 5) থসটিিং আউট ঩বযভান঩6) থসটিিং আউট রাইন এয জন্য 7) ঩নয়ন্ট প্রনজক঱ন 8) অ঩নসট ঩বযভান঩ 9) হাযাননা রাইন ঩বযভান঩ 10) থকান পৃষ্টতনরয থেত্রপর বনণনয় 11) ডাটা থযকবডিং এ ব্যফহায হয় 12) বসনরকটিিং ও বডনযটিিং জফ 13) থযবজোবযিং/বডনরটিিং ডাটা 14) আউটপুটিিং জফ ডাটা 4) থটাটার থে঱ননয দ঱টি প্রধান উ঩ািং঱ হনরা : 1) Acv‡ikb c¨v‡bj 4) †cøU †j‡fj 7) †j‡fwjs dzU ¯…z 10) wcc mvBU

2) wWm‡cø c¨v‡bj 5) Ae‡R± †Jý 8) AvbyfzwgK K¬v¤ú

3) e„ËvKvi †j‡fj 6) †Uwj‡¯‥vwcK AvBwcm 9) Dj¤^ K¬v¤ú

5) ‡UvUj †÷kb Gi †g․wjK †iLv : 1.‡cøU h‡šÍi mg¤^qb 2.e„ËvKvi †j‡f‡ji mg¤^qb 4.‡iwUKz‡ji †j‡f‡ji mg¤^qb 5.wUë mg¤^qb 6) ‡UvUj †÷k‡bi †g․wjK †iLv¸‡jvi ga¨ m¤úK© wb¤œiæc:

3.Kwj‡gkb †Lvi mg¤^qb

1) ‡cøU evej Kwj‡gkb A‡ÿi mv‡_ j¤^ n‡e| 2) Kwj‡gkb Aÿ Dj¤^ A‡ÿi mv‡_ j¤^ n‡e| 3) ‡cøU evej Aÿ Dj¤^ A‡ÿi mv‡_ mgvšÍvivj n‡e| 4) ‡cøU evej Aÿ Dj¤^ A‡ÿi mv‡_ j¤^ n‡e| 5) ‡Uwj‡¯‥vc Kwj‡gkb A‡ÿi mv‡_ mgvšÍvivj n‡e| 7) EDM ‡mwUs Gi c¨vivwgUvi¸‡jv n‡jv: 1.Mode (Distance Measurement Mode) 3.PC-20 (Prism Constant) 5.Press (Pressure /Air Pressure)

2.Reflector (Prism /sheet) 4.Temp (Temperature) 6.PPm (Atmospheric Correction Factor)

8) ‡UvUvj †÷k‡bi Ab~fzwgK `~iZ¡ gvcb c×wZ wb‡P eY©bv Kiv n‡jv : 1.‡Kvb †÷k‡b hš¿ ewm‡q Zv Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e| 2.‡h `yiZ¡ cwigvc Kiv `iKvi IB `yi‡Z¡ GKUv Uv‡M©U wcÖRg †mU Ki‡Z n‡e| 3.h‡šÍi †j‡fwjs I †m›Uvwis KvR m¤úbœ Kivi ci †Uwj‡¯‥vcK Uv‡M©U wcÖRg ZvK Ki‡Z n‡e| 4.gvcK…Z `yiZ¡ †h GK‡K †c‡Z PvB (wgUvi, dzU) Zv †mU Ki‡Z n‡e| 5.Gevi hš¿ Uv‡M©‡Ui w`‡K ZvK Ae¯
vq mdU Kx (DIST) ‡cÖm Ki‡j wWm‡cø‡Z ¯^qswµqfv‡e AbyfywgK `yiZ¡ cÖ`wk©Z n‡e|

9) c‡q›U cÖ‡RKkb : ‡Kvb mywbw`©ó we›`y n‡Z †emjvB‡bi Dci †h `yi‡Z¡ we›`y cÖ‡ÿcb Kiv nq Zv‡K c‡q›U cÖ‡RKkb e‡j| 10) ‡emjvBb : ‡emjvBb n‡jv GKUv wb‡`©kK †iLv, hvi mvnv‡h¨ Ab¨vb we›`y ev †iLvi `~iZ¡ cwigvc Kiv nq| †emjvBb‡K †UvUvj †÷kb h‡Î e¨envi Kivi Rb¨ G‡K Kivi cÖ‡qvRb nq| 11) Job selection : ঩বযভা঩কৃত সকর ডাটায ঩বযফতন, সিংযেন থযবজোয, থযকড ইতযবদ কাযনন থকান JOB এয অন্তযগত সক ডাটা বনবদষ্ট কযায জন্য Job selection অ঩঱ন ব্যফহৃত হয়। 12) Data Deletion : থভনভাবয থভানডয অন্তগত থকান সিংযবেত জফনক মন্ত্র থথনক মুনে থপরাননাই “Data Deletion”। তনফ অন্য থকান সহনমাগী বডবাইস থথনক আগত job মুনে থপরা মায় না। 13) known Point Data : এনত current কাজ এয অন্তগত সকর স্তানািংক ডাটা বডসনে কযা মায়। 1) Memory Mode হনত known data বসনরক্ট কযনর সকর ফতভানন কাজ- এয তাবরকা বডসনে হনফ 2) তা থথনক view বনফােন কযনর ঩নয়ন্ট নম্বয এয তাবরকা থদখা মানফ। 3) থম ঩নয়ন্ট নম্বযটি বডসনে কযনত োই তা বনফােন কনয Enter ো঩নত হনফ। বসনরক্ট কযা স্থানািংক ডাটা বডসনেনত থদখা মানফ। 4) [ESC] দুফায থপ্রস কনয < known data> থভানড বপনয মাওয়া মানফ।

wRwcGm wiwmfvi 1) বজব঩এস বযবসfvথযয বফববন্ন অিংন঱য নাভ থদয়া হনরা: 1. GPS Antenna 4. MARK key 7. MENU key

2.ENTER Key 5. LIGHT key 8.PWR key

3. NAV Key 6. GOTO key 9.ARROW key

2) বজব঩এস বযবসfvয দ্বাযা বনম্ন বরবখত কাজ গুনরা কযা মায়: 1) থকান স্থাননয অোিং঱ ও দ্রাবঘভািং঱ wbY©q 2) থকান স্থাননয উচ্চতা wbY©q 3) ভ্রভনণয দূযত্ব ও গবত wbY©q 4) ভ্রভনণয বদক ফা বফয়াবযিং wbY©q 5) থকান স্থাননয সভয় ও তাwযখ wbY©q 3) থলাফার ঩বজ঱বনিং বস‡েভ : থলাফার ঩বজ঱বনিং বস‡েভ হনরা একটি অতযাধবনক স্বয়িংবিয় মন্ত্র মায সাহানে থমনকাb আফহাওয়ায় বদন ফা যাবত্রয থমনকান সভনয় ভূপৃনষ্টয থমনকান স্থানন ব্যwক্ত ফা ফvস্তe অফvস্তe তাৎেবণক সঠিকবানফ বনণ©য় কযনত সেভ। 4) GPS বযবসfvi দ্বাযা সম্পাবদত কানজয তাবরকা বননম্ন থদওয়া হনরা: 1) থকান স্থাননয অোিং঱ জানা মায়। 2) থকান স্থাননয দ্রাবঘভািং঱ জানা মায়। 3) ¯Í‡¤¢য দূযত্ব ভা঩া মায়। 4) থকান স্থাননয উচ্চতা জানা য়ায়। 5) উত্তয বদক জাbv য়ায়। 6) থকান স্থাননয সভq জানা মায়। 7) থকান স্থাননয তাবযখ জানা মায়। 1) wR AvB Gm Gi U‡cvjwR : wRIMÖvwdK WvUv †Kvb e¯Í‡K Zvi Ae¯
vb, Zv‡`i Ae`vb Ges fyZvwËK Ae¯
v‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i cÖKvk K‡i _v‡K| GUv GKUv MvwYwZK c×wZ hv f
-Zvw˦K ¯
vbvs‡Ki mv‡_ m¤úK©hy&³| U‡cvjwRi mvnv‡h¨ cwjMb &Gu‡K RvqMv wbw`©ó Kiv hvq, cÖwZ‡ekx Ae¯
vb mwVK Ae¯
vb wb‡`©k Kiv m¤¢e nq| 2) wR.AvvB.Gm ev¯Íevqb Kiv m¤¢e n‡j wb¤œwjwLZ myweav cvIqv hv‡e : 1) mnRfv‡e cybtwe‡ePbv I Avc‡WwUs Kiv hvq| 2) ‡f․MwjK ¯
vwbK WvUv mn‡R AbymÜvb, we‡¤ølY I Dc¯
vcb Kiv hvq| 3) AwaKZi g~j¨ ms‡hvRb †hvM¨ cb¨| 4) mgq I A_© evuPv‡bv hvq| 5) mwVK wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv hvq| 6) Z_¨ I DcvË mwVK m¤¢e nq| 3) wb‡¤œ ¯
vwbK WvUv‡e‡mi cÖ‡qvRbxq dvskb ¸‡jv D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv: 1) mvgvb¨ msMwZcY© Z‡e cÖ‡hvRbxq AwZwi³ bq| 2) WvUvi Avc‡UWmn iÿYv‡eÿY| 3) ‡gUv WvUvi †ÿ‡Î wbR¯^ eY©bvg~jK |

cÖKí Rwic 1) cÖKí Rwic : cÖKí Rwic ej‡Z mg¯Í gv‡Vi KvR Ges Gi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ gvbwPÎ, †cÖvdvBj I Ab¨vb¨ WªBsmn hveZxq wnmve‡K eySvq| mKj cÖKvi BwÄwbqvwis cÖ‡R± †hgb- †ijI‡q, nvBI‡q, Bwi‡Mkb K¨vbvj, W¨vg, wmIqvi jvBb BZ¨vw`i cÖKí I wbg©vY †ÿ‡Î G Rwi‡ci ¸iƒZ¡ Acwimxg| 2) Uv‡bj Rwic : myo½ nj GKwU fzMf©¯
 c_| G cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ †h Rwic Kiv nq Zv‡K Uv‡bj Rwic e‡j| Gi D‡Ïk¨ nj :1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)

myi½ c_ wbg©vY cwiKíbv ev¯Íevqb Kiv myi½ c_ Gi Lmov gvbwPÎ cÖbqb g¨v‡ci Ici cÖ¯ÍvweZ mo‡Ki GjvBb‡g›U wba©viY gvwUi wewfbœ ¯Í‡ii †f․MwjK Ae¯
v hvPvBKiY m¤¢ve¨ Avq-e¨q wba©viY cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖv°jb cÖ¯ÍZKiY A_©‣bwZK wePvi we‡kølY myi½ c_ ev¯Íevqb I e¨envi

3) cÖKí Rwic : cÖK‡íi we¯ÍvwiZ Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni ci cÖKí GjvKvi hveZxq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KvVv‡gvmg~‡ni Ae¯
vb miRwg‡b wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ †h Rwic Kiv nq Zv‡K cÖKí Rwic e‡j| Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ¸‡jv nj :1) cÖK‡íi Rb¨ Dchy³ ¯
vb wbe©vPb 2) Lmov gvbwPÎ cÖbqb 3) cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨vw` msMÖn 4) cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖv°jb cÖ¯ÍZKiY 5) m¤¢ve¨ Avq-e¨q wba©viY 6) cÖK‡íi MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv hvPvB 7) A_©‣bwZK wePvi we‡kølY 8) cÖKí ev¯Íevqb I e¨envi 9) cÖKí m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ mgq wba©viY 10) cÖKí‡K eûgyLx Kv‡Ri e¨envi Dc‡hvMx K‡i †Zvjv 4) Lwb Rwic : fzMf©¯
 m¤ú‡K© Z_¨vw` msMÖn Ges LwbR c`v_© DËj‡bi Rb¨ †h fz Af¨šÍ‡i †h Rwic Kiv nq Zv‡K Lwb Rwic e‡j| G D‡Ïk¨ nj :1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

fzAf¨šÍ‡i gy³ evqy PjvP‡ji Rb¨ wewfbœ LwbR c`v‡_©i Ae¯
vb wbY©q DËj‡bi Rb¨ gvwUi ¯Íi m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi Rb¨ gvwUi ¸Yv¸Y cixÿv Kivi Rb¨ fzAf¨šÍ‡i myi½ c_ wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨

5) Aw·wjqvix †Uwj‡¯‥vc : fzMf©¯
 Xv‡j Rwic PjvKv‡j `„wó‡iLv AZ¨vwaK Lvovfv‡e cwZZ n‡j cÖavb †Uwj‡¯‥v‡ci mvnv‡h¨ Lvov †KvY gvcv m¤¢e nqbv| GRb¨ cÖavb †Uwj‡¯‥v‡ci mv‡_ AvbyfzwgK A‡ÿ †h AwZwi³ †Uwj‡¯‥vc ms‡hvM †`qv nq Zv‡K Aw·wjqvix †Uwj‡¯‥vc e‡j|

Uªvm (Truss) 1) Qv` : `vjv‡bi me© Dc‡ii Ask hv KvVv‡gvi Kfvwis wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i Ges AvenvIqvi cÖfve †_‡K `vjvb‡K iÿv K‡i Zv‡K Qv` e‡j| 2) Uªvm : Xvjy Qv` wbg©v‡bi Rb¨ †h wÎfzRvKvi †d«g e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K Uªvm e‡j| hLb ¯ú¨vb 5 wgUv‡ii AwaK nq ZLb G RvZxq Qv` wbg©vY Kiv nq| 3) mvaviY ivdUvi : gUKv †_‡K QvP ch©šÍ Qv‡`i Xv‡jb mgvšÍivj KvV¸‡jv‡K mvaviY ivdUvi e‡j| Gi gvc nj : 2 m ¯ú¨vb Gi Rb¨ 5 cm  7.5 cm 3 m ¯ú¨vb Gi Rb¨ 5 cm  12.5 cm

G ivdUvi ¸‡jv 30 †_‡K 45 †mwg e¨eav‡b emv‡bv nq 4) cviwjb : gUKvi Kv‡Vi mgvšÍiv‡j †h KvV¸‡jv ivdUvi Gi Dci emv‡bv nq Zv‡K cviwjb e‡j| GUv Qv‡`i fvi enb K‡i wb‡P Aew¯
Z ivdUv‡ii Ici †mB fvi b¨v¯Í K‡i| G¸‡jv mvaviYZ 7.5 cm  10 cm †_‡K 10 cm  12.5 cm AvKv‡ii n‡q _v‡K| 5) wnc ivdUvi : gUKv n‡Z QvP Gi KY©vi ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z ivdUvi ‡K wnc ivdUvi e‡j| Gi mvnv‡h¨ w·KvbvKvi wnc ev Xvj •Zwi Kiv nq| G¸‡jv mvaviYZ 5 cm  17.5 cm AvKv‡ii n‡q _v‡K| 6) f¨vjx ivdUvi : `ywU Xvjy Qv‡`i wgwjZ wb¤œ cÖvšÍ‡K f¨vjx e‡j| GB f¨vjx eivei †h ivdUvi ¯
vcb Kiv nq Zv‡K f¨vjx ivdUvi e‡j| 7) wK¬U : cÖavb ivdUvi Gi mv‡_ cviwjb‡K AvUKv‡bvi Rb¨ wK¬U e¨invi Kiv nq| cviwjb hv‡Z wbR RvqMv †_‡K m‡i wb‡P †b‡g bv Av‡m †mRb¨ GUv e¨envi Kiv nq| 8) Iqvj †cøU : cviwjb A_ev gUKvi mgvšÍiv‡j ivdUvi emv‡bvi Rb¨ Iqv‡ji Ici †h †cøU e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K Iqvj †cøU e‡j| GUv mvaviYZ 10 cm  7.5 cm AvKv‡ii n‡q _v‡K| 9) M¨ve‡jU : `yPvjv Qv‡`i `yw`‡Ki w·KvbvKvi Ask‡K †Mej e‡j| Gi AvKvi †QvU n‡j Zv‡K M¨ve‡jU e‡j| 10) f¨vjx MvUvi : f¨vjx Gi †fZi hv‡Z e„wói cvwb bv c‡i †mRb¨ f¨vjx eivei b`©gv jvwM‡q e„wói cvwb miv‡Z nq| G‡K f¨vjx MvUvi e‡j|

11) wKs †cvó I KzBb ‡cvó Uªv‡mi gv‡S cv_©K¨ : wKs ‡cvó Uªvm ¯ú¨vb •`N©¨ 5-8 wgUvi n‡j GB Uªvm wWRvBb Kiv nq GB Uªv‡mi ga¨eZ©x ¯
v‡b GKwU Lvov ‡cvó _v‡K hv‡K wKs †cvó e‡j ‡÷ªwbs exg I †÷ªwbs wmj Gi cÖ‡qvRb c‡ibv cÖavb ivdUvi Øq Gi Dc‡ii cÖvšÍ‡K wiR wcP Gi mv‡_ AvUKv‡bv nq

KzBb ‡cvó Uªvm ¯ú¨vb •`N©¨ 8-12 wgUvi n‡j GB Uªvm wWRvBb Kiv nq GB Uªv‡mi `yB cv‡k `ywU Lvov †cvó _v‡K hv‡K KyBb †cvó e‡j cÖ‡qvRb c‡i cÖavb ivdUvi Øq Gi Dc‡ii cÖvšÍ KzBb †cv‡ói gv_vq wM‡q †kl nq

12) Kv‡Vi Uªv‡mi Zzjbvq w÷j Uªv‡mi myweav : 1) Kv‡Vi Uªvm A‡cÿv ÷xj Uªvm A‡bK †ewk kw³kvjx 2) ÷xj Uªvm A‡bK †ewk nvjKv Ges †h †Kvb AvKv‡i •Zwi Kiv hvq 3) ÷xj Uªvm †h †Kvb ¯ú¨v‡b e¨envi Kiv hvq| cÿvšÍ‡i Kv‡Vi Uªvm 15 wgUvi ¯ú¨v‡bi ch©šÍ myweavRbK 4) Kv‡Vi Uªv‡mi Zzjbvq ÷xj Uªvm DËg AwMœ wb‡ivaK 5) ÷xj Uªvm‡K DB‡cvKvq ÿwZ Ki‡Z cv‡ibv 6) G‡Z gvjvgv‡ji AcPq Kg nq 7) IR‡b nvjKv nevi Kvi‡Y mn‡R ¯
vbvšÍi Kiv hvq 8) mg‡qi AcPq Kg nq

mggvwÎK Awf‡ÿc ev `„k¨ 1) `„k¨ : BwÄwbqvwis WªBs G we›`y, †iLv, GKZjxq †ÿÎ Ges NYe¯‧‡K GKwUgvÎ wPÎ A_ev †Kv_vI `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK wP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ cwiPq Kwi‡q †`qv nq| GB wP‡Îi cÖ‡Z¨KwU GK GKwU‡K `„k¨ e‡j| 2) Awf‡ÿc : mvg‡bi w`K †_‡K †Kvb e¯‧i Ici Av‡jvKiwk¥ cwZZ n‡j hZ¸‡jv †iLv †`Lv hvq, D³ †iLv¸‡jvi mgš^‡q MwVZ `„k¨‡K Awf‡ÿc e‡j| AsK‡bi bxwZ Abyhvqx Awf‡ÿ‡ci cÖKvi‡f` 1) AvB‡mv‡gwUªK `„k¨ 2) AewjK `„k¨ 3) A_©MÖvwdK `„k¨

4) cvm©‡cw±f `„k¨

3) wcK‡Uvwiqvj WªBs : hLb GKwU gvÎ wPÎ Øviv †Kvb e¯‧i •`N©¨, cÖ¯
 I D‪PZvi Awf‡ÿc †`Lv‡bv nq, ZLb Zv‡K wcK‡Uvwiqvj WªBs e‡j| wcK‡Uvwiqvj WªBs Gi AšÍf©y³ `„k¨¸‡jv nj : 1) AvB‡mv‡gwUªK `„k¨

2) AewjK `„k¨ 3) cvm©‡cw±f `„k¨

4) AvB‡mv‡gwUªK Awf‡ÿc : †Kvb Z‡ji mv‡_ j¤^fv‡e bv †`‡L wZh©Kfv‡e †`L‡j •`N©¨, cÖ¯
 I D‪PZv GB wZbwU Ae¯
vbB †`Lv hv‡e| Giƒc GKwU we‡kl †Kv‡Y wZh©Kfv‡e †`‡L †h Awf‡ÿc AsKb Kiv nq Zv‡K AvB‡mv‡gwUªK Awf‡ÿc e‡j| 5) AvB‡mv‡gwUªK `„k¨ t hLb †Kvb e¯‧i cÖ‡Z¨KwU avi‡K cÖK…Z •`‡N©¨ AsKb Kiv nq, ZLb Zv‡K AvB‡mv‡gwUªK `„k¨ e‡j| 6) AvB‡mv‡gwUªK `„k¨ AsK‡bi myweav¸‡jv nj : 1) AvB‡mv‡gwUªK c×wZ‡Z wZbwU Aÿ _v‡K| †hgb GKwU Lvov Aÿ Ges Aci `ywU Aÿ Wv‡b I ev‡g 30 ‡Kv‡Y Aew¯
Z| 2) Lvov Aÿ e¯‧i mKj Lvov jvBb Gi mgvšÍivj nq Ges D‪PZv ev MfxiZv cvIqv hvq| 3) cÖ‡R±i¸‡jv mgvšÍivj 30 †Kv‡Y `ywU cÖ‡RKkb †cø‡b cwZZ nq| 4) G `„‡k¨ e¯‧i wZbwU cvk©B cªwZdwjZ nq e‡j GKwUgvÎ `„‡k¨i mvnv‡h¨ WªBs mgvß Kiv hvq 5) `yB cvk¦© n‡Z Abyfzwg‡Ki mwnZ 30 †Kv‡Y Aew¯
Z, hv e¯‧i ‣`N©¨ ev cÖ¯
 GB `yB Gi GKwUi mv‡_ mgvšÍivj n‡e| 7) A‡_©vMÖvwdK `„k¨ : GKwU Z‡ji Ici †Kvb Awf‡ÿc ev `„k¨ Aew¯
Z †_‡K hLb Awf‡ÿc †iLv¸‡jv G‡K A‡b¨i mgvšÍivj Ges Awf‡ÿc Z‡j Zv j¤^ev‡e Ae¯
vb K‡i, Zv‡K A_©MÖvwdK `„k¨ e‡j| ‡Kvb Nbe¯‧i A_©MÖvwdK `„k¨¸‡jv nj : 1) Dc‡ii `„k¨ 4) evgw`‡Ki `„k¨

2) wb‡Pi `„k¨ 5) m¤§yL `„k¨

3) Wvbw`‡Ki `„k¨ 6) cðvr `„k¨

Gw÷‡gwUs GÛ Kw÷s 1) Gw÷‡gwUs Kv‡R wKQz cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ : >>B‡Ui wnmve : cÖPwjZ BU :

1 cÖgvY mvB‡Ri B‡Ui gvc = 9 " 2

 4 2 "  2 34 " 1

= 24.2cm

 11.4cm  7cm

gmjvmn B‡Ui gvc = 10"  5"  3" = 25.4cm  12.7cm  7.6cm †gwUªK c×wZ‡Z Av`k© BUt

gmjv Qvov = 19cm  9cm  9cm gmjv mn = 20cm  10cm  10cm

1) GK NbwgUvi Mv_ybxi Kv‡R gmjv mn 25.4  12.7  7.6 cm AvKv‡ii BU jv‡M, 

1 = 410 nos 0.254  0.127  0.076

2) GK NbwgUvi Mv_ybxi Kv‡R gmjv mn 20  10  10 cm AvKv‡ii BU jv‡M, 

1 = 500 nos 0.20  0.1  0.10

3) GK NbwdU Mv_ybxi Kv‡R gmjv mn 10"  5"  3" AvKv‡ii BU jv‡M, 

1 = 12 nos 0.83  0.42  0.25

4) GK NbwgUvi ‡Lvqvi Kv‡R cÖgvY mvB‡Ri BU jv‡M = 320 nos 5) GK NbwdU ‡Lvqvi Kv‡R cÖgvY mvB‡Ri BU jv‡M = 9 nos 6) GK eM©wgUvi Brick Flat Soling (B.F.S) Kv‡R 25.4  12.7  7.6 cm AvKv‡ii BU

jv‡M, 

1 = 31 nos 0.254  0.127

7) GK eM©wgUvi Brick Flat Soling (B.F.S) Kv‡R 20  10 10 cm AvKv‡ii BU jv‡M, 

1 = 50 nos 0.20  0.10

8) GK eM©wdU Brick Flat Soling (B.F.S) Kv‡R 10"  5"  3" AvKv‡ii BU jv‡M, 

1 = 3 nos 0.83  0.42

9) GK eM©wgUvi Hering Bone Bond (H.B.B) Kv‡R 25.4  12.7  7.6 cm AvKv‡ii

BU jv‡M,



1 = 52 nos 0.254  0.076

10) GK eM©wgUvi Hering Bone Bond (H.B.B) Kv‡R 20  10 10 cm AvKv‡ii BU

jv‡M, 

1 = 50 nos 0.20  0.100

11) GK eM©wdU Hering Bone Bond (H.B.B) Kv‡R 10"  5"  3" AvKv‡ii BU jv‡M =

5 nos 1) Damp proof course (D.P.C) Kv‡Ri Rb¨ GK eM©wgUv‡i weUzwgb cª‡qvRb, 1g †KvU = 1.5 †KwR 2q †KvU = 1 †KwR, Ges †Kvm© m¨vÛ = 0.02 NbwgUvi 2) Damp proof course (D.P.C) Kv‡R cvW‡jvi cwigvY wm‡g›Ui IR‡bi 5% >>evwji wnmve : 1) GK eM©wgUvi †mvwjs Gi Kv‡R wPKb evwj cÖ‡qvRb, = 0.015 NbwgUvi 2) GK eM©wgUvi Hering Bone Bond (H.B.B) Kv‡R Kv‡R wPKb evwj cÖ‡qvRb, = 0.03 m3 >>i‡Wi wnmve : 1) GK NbwgUvi i‡Wi IRb = 7775 kg – 7850 kg 2) GK NbwdU i‡Wi IRb = 490 Ib D2 D2 kg, ev i‡Wi GKK IRb = kg/m 162.2 162.2 ( SHUTA) 2 ( SHUTA) 2 4) GK wdU i‡Wi IRb m~Î = kg ev i‡Wi GKK IRb = kg/m 24 24

3) GK wgUvi i‡Wi IRb m~Î =

5) Crank i‡Wi Rb¨ AwZwi³ i‡Wi m~Î = 0.45D (GLv‡b D = i‡Wi e¨vm) 6) i‡Wi cÖv‡šÍ û‡Ki Rb¨ AwZwi³ i‡Wi m~Î = 10D 7) j¨vc R‡q›U G j¨v‡ci Rb¨ AwZwi³ i‡Wi m~Î = 60D (Plain bar Gi Rb¨) = 40D (Deform bar Gi Rb¨) 8) w÷ivc Gi •`N©¨, eM©vKvi Kjvg Gi Rb¨ = 2(A +B) + 30 cm e„ËvKvi Kjvg Gi Rb¨ = 2(A +B) + 15 cm

2) Unit weight of M.S Rod....... Dia 6 mm 8 mm 10 mm 12 mm 16 mm 20 mm 22 mm 25 mm 28 mm

Kg/ft 0.07 0.12 0.19 0.27 0.48 0.75 0.90 1.17 1.47

Kg/m 0.22 0.40 0.62 0.89 1.58 2.47 2.98 3.85 4.83

32 mm 40 mm

1.92 3

6.31 9.86

>>wm‡g‡›Ui wnmve : 1) GK e¨vM wm‡g›U = 50 kg 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)

3

GK e¨vM wm‡g‡›Ui AvqZb = 0.033 m = 1.25 cft GK NbwgUvi wm‡g›U = 30 bag GK NbwdU wm‡g›U = 0.8 bag GK NbwgUvi wm‡g‡›Ui IRb = 30 bag  50 kg GK NbwdU wm‡g‡›Ui IRb = 0.8 bag  112 Ib GK eM©wgUvi N.C.F Kv‡R wm‡g›U jv‡M = 2.7 – 3 kg

>>gmjvi wnmve : 1) B‡Ui Kv‡R ïK‡bv gmjvi cwigvb = 35 % 2) ïK‡bv gmjvi cwigvb = 1.5  †fRv gmjvi cwigvb 3) ‡gwUªK c×wZ‡Z 24 ‡MwR kx‡Ui cÖwZ KzB›Uvj evwÛ‡j †XDwU‡bi wnmve : wU‡bi ‣`N©¨ nos

1.8 m 12

2.20 m 10

2.50 m 9

2.80 m 8

cÖ¯
 = 0.80 m cvk¦© I cÖvšÍ Pvcv‡bv = 15 cm

3.20 m 7

MfxiZv = 18 mm ‡XD msL¨v = 10

4) wm. AvB kxU Gi cyiæZ¡ : ‡MR b¤^i mm

24 0.63

22 0.80

20 1.00

18 1.25

5) G. wm. kxU msµvšÍ Z_¨vw`: cÖgvY •`N©¨ cÖ¯
 = 1.05 m cvk¦© I cÖvšÍ Pvcv‡bv = 15 cm

1.50 m

2.25 m

2.30 m

3.0 m

MfxiZv = 48 mm ‡XD msL¨v = 7

6) K¨vw›Uwjfvi wi‡UBwbs Iqvj : 1 1 ‡_‡K Ask 15 10 1 1 2) †Uv ¯j¨ve Gi ewa©Zvsk = ‡eBR ¯j¨ve Gi cÖv‡šÍi ‡_‡K Gi mgvb 15 10

1) ‡eBR ¯j¨ve Gi PIov = Iqvj D‪PZvi

3) 45 degree crank rod Gi Rb¨ AwZwi³ •`N©¨ = 5D aiv nq 4) 30 degree crank rod Gi Rb¨ AwZwi³ •`N©¨ = 3D aiv nq 7) cÖgvb Ki †h. 1 wgUvi `xN© i‡Wi IRb =

D2 kg/m 162.2

mgvavb:- Avgiv Rvwb, i‡Wi †¶Îdj =



4



D

D 2 (mm) 2 2

1  2 = D   m 4  1000  2

1m

1 Gi AvqZb, V =



2

 1  2 D2   1m.m 4  1000 



2

 1  2 D   1m.m  7850 4  1000  2 D mm = kg / m 162.2

V AvqZb Gi IRb =

2

cÖgvwYZ 8) cÖgvb Ki †h. 45 degree crank i‡Wi Rb¨ AwZwi³ i‡Wi m~Î = 0.45D (GLv‡b D = i‡Wi e¨vm) mgvavb: g‡b Kwi AwZwi³ •`N©¨ = b, crank Gi Rb¨  sin 45 

D x

 x  2D again ,

b

b  2D  D b  0.45 D

cÖgvwYZ 9) cÖgvb Ki †h. B‡Ui Kv‡R ïK‡bv gmjvi cwigvb = 35 % mgvavb: g‡b Kwi Kv‡Ri cwigvb = 100 NbwgUvi cÖ‡qvRbxq B‡Ui msL¨v = 100  410 = 41000 nos gmjvmn B‡Ui AvqZb = 410000  (0.254m  0.127m  0.076m) = 100.52 NbwgUvi gmjvQvov B‡Ui AvqZb = 410000  (0.242m  0.114m  0.07m) = 79.18 NbwgUvi ‡fRv gmjvi AvqZb = 100.52-79.18 = 21.34 NbwgUvi AcPq = + 10 % = 21.23 + 2.134 = 23.36 NbwgUvi (†fRv) ïK‡bv gmjvi AvqZb = 23.36  1.5 = 35 NbwgUvi cÖgvwYZ ** w÷ivc Gi •`N©¨ ---------------- eM©vKvi †mKkb Gi Rb¨, = cwimxgv + 30 cm e„ËvKvi †mKkb Gi Rb¨, = cwimxgv + 15 cm 10) AvevwmK `vjv‡bi †ÿ‡Î †mU e¨vK iæj : mvB‡Ui AvqZb `vjv‡bi cðvr w`‡Ki mxgvbv n‡Z 2 KvVv ev 134 eM©wgUvi 1.5 m 3 KvVv ev 201 eM©wgUvi 1.5 m 4 KvVv ev 201 eM©wgUvi 1.75 m 5 KvVv ev 201 eM©wgUvi 2.5 m 5 KvVvi AwaK 3.0 m `vjv‡bi mvg‡bi w`‡K Kgc‡ÿ 1.5 m RvqMv Lvwj ivLv DwPr

`vjv‡bi `yB cv‡ki mxgvbv n‡Z --1.25 m 1.25 m 1.25 m 1.25 m

11) †h- †Kvb M„n wbgv©Y cÖK‡í wewfbœ Lv‡Z Li‡Pi kZKiv nvi : civgk© : 1) Dc‡`óvi wd eve` hv cÖ‡K․kjx, ¯
cwZ, B‡jw±ªK¨vj, fzwgi bKkv, cwiLv, m¨vwb‡Ukb, cvwb mieivn, G¸‡jvi wWRvBb, Gw÷‡gU, †UÛvi •Zix, bKkv, wbg©vYmvgMªxi cwigvY, ev¯‧mvi BZ¨vw` wbg©vY eve` LiP nq ---- 6% 2) H Z`viKx eve` ----------------- 1% wbg©vY : 1) wbg©vY mvgMÖx e¨vq eve` ---------------------------------60% 2) kÖwgK gRyix eve` --------------------------------------20% 3) hš¿cvZx, wg·vi †gwkb BZ¨vw` eve` ---------------------3% 4) wVKv`v‡ii jvf eve` -----------------------------------10% 5) Kvh©¨ wbe©v‡n ÷vd I cÖvwZôvwbK e¨vq eve` -------------4.5% 6) AvKw¯§K I m¤¢ve¨ Awba©vwiZ e¨vq eve` -----------------2.5% 12) `vjv‡bi `dv Abyhvqx Li‡Pi wnmve : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)

eywbqv‡`i LiP wcøš
 ch©šÍ -----------`vjv‡bi Li‡Pi --------B‡Ui KvR -------------------------------H-------------‡d¬vwis -----------------------------------H-------------iæwds (wmwomn) --------------------------H -------------Kv‡Vi KvR (`iRv I Rvbvjv) ------------ H ------------cøv÷vwis -------------------------------- H --------------PzbKvg, is I †cBw›Us --------------------H -------------wewea ---------------------------------- H ---------------

10% 35% 5% 20% 15% 7% 5% 3%

13) gvjvgvj I †jevi Li‡Pi kZKiv wnmve : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

B‡Ui LiP ------------------`vjv‡bi Li‡Pi ------------------wm‡g‡›Ui LiP --------------------H--------------------------÷x‡ji LiP --------------------- H --------------------------Kv‡Vi LiP ---------------------- H --------------------------Ab¨vb¨ wbg©vY mvgM¨xi LiP -------H -------------------------‡jevi LiP ----------------------H ---------------------------

22% 12% 12% 11% 14% 29%

14) KvVv‡gvi wewfbœ ‡ÿ‡Î gmjvi AbycvZ mgyn : AvB‡Ug mgyn Avi wm. wm. (¯ø¨ve, exg, Kjvg, cvqvi) ‡P․ev‪P, wcÖ-Kv÷ KswµU, Kjvg dywUs wm‡g›U KswµU eøK, fvix wfwËi †`qvj, mycvi ÷ªvKPvi Gi Kv‡R Mv_ybxi KvR cøv÷v‡ii KvR B‡Ui wj‡›Uj RjQv` (Pzb + myiKx + †Lvqv) jvBg, myiKx cøv÷vi

AbycvZ 1:2:4 1 : 1.5 : 3 1 : 1.5 : 3 1:4 1 : 5, 1 : 6 1:3 7:2:2 1:1:1

15) KvVv‡gvi wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î me©wb¤œ Kfvwis Gi gvcmg~n : AvB‡Ug mgyn Avi wm. wm. dzwUs Avi wm. wm. ¯ø¨ve exg Kjvg

me©wb¤œ Kfvwis 75 mm 20 mm 37 mm 37 mm

16) `iRv I Rvbvjv : I‡cwbs Abyhvqx gvc †bqv nq Ges Dfq c„‡ôi Rb¨ wb¤œewY©Z ¸YK Øviv c~iY Kiv nq| ‡P․Kv‡Vi cvk©¦, wK¬U BZ¨vw` `dvi AšÍf©~³ n‡e| c¨v‡bj, †d«gW Ges †eªBmW, †jRW, e¨v‡UbW Ges †eªBmW

GK cv‡ki †ÿÎd‡ji 2

c~Y †MøBRW AvswkK c¨v‡bj Ges AvswkK †MøBRW d¬vk `iRv jyfvW© cvjøv MvW© evi, †MÖwUs, †iwjs, wMÖj, G·c¨vb‡WW †gUvj Qv‡`i wm. AvB. mxU G. wm. mxU ÷x‡ji †ivwjs mvUvi

1 ¸Y 4

GK cv‡ki †ÿÎd‡ji 1 ¸Y GK cv‡ki †ÿÎd‡ji 2 ¸Y GK cv‡ki †ÿÎd‡ji 2 ¸Y GK cv‡ki †ÿÎd‡ji 3 ¸Y GK cv‡ki †ÿÎd‡ji 1 ¸Y GK cv‡ki †ÿÎd‡ji 2.28 ¸Y GK cv‡ki †ÿÎd‡ji 2.40 ¸Y GK cv‡ki †ÿÎd‡ji 2

1 ¸Y 2

17) we¯ÍvwiZ cwigvc dig : `dv bs

weeiY

msL¨v ‣`N©¨

‡gvU †`N©¨

cÖ¯


D‪PZv

cwigvc

‡gvU

wUKv

18) cÖv°j‡bi e¨qmvi dig : `dv bs

weeiY

cwigvc

GKK

`i

gyj¨

19) evi wmwWDj : i‡Wi e¨vm

weeiY

msL¨v

‣`N©¨

GKK IRb

‡gvU IRb

i‡Wi AvKvi

20) Mv_ybxi Kv‡R dvKv Ask ev` †`evi wbqg : 1) 0.10 eM©wgUvi cwigvY dvKv As‡ki Rb¨ †Kvb ev` w`‡Z n‡e bv| 2) 0.05 eM©wgUvi cÖ¯
‡‪Q` wewkó exg, cviwjb, ivdUvi Gi cÖ¯
‡‪Q` Gi Rb¨ †Kvb we‡qvM n‡ebv| 3) 10 †mwg MfxiZv ch©šÍ †eW †cøU, Iqvj †cøU, mvb‡k‡Wi weqvwis BZ¨vw`i Rb¨ †Kvb we‡qvM n‡ebv| 21) `i we‡kølY : wewb‡`©k I weeiY AbymiY K‡i, Kv‡Ri †h †Kvb `dvi GKK cwigvY KvR m¤úv`b Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq gvjmvgMÖx, kÖwgK msL¨v, hš¿ I RwbÎ, cwi`k©b KvR, wVKv`v‡ii gybvdv BZ¨vw`i we¯ÍvwiZ cwigvY Ges cÖPwjZ evRvi`i n‡Z mwVK I mOMZ gyj¨ wbiæcY Kiv‡K `i we‡kølY e‡j|

22) mvbwWªR Ges jvgmvg : wbg©vYKvR PjvKvjxb wKQz wKQz LiP nq, hv †Kvb cwigv‡ci wfwˇZ wbY©q Kiv gykwKj| G Ae¯
vq wKQz AvB‡U‡gi `i we‡køl‡Yi mgq †_‡K wnmv‡e wKQz LiP wnmv‡e aiv nq| G‡K mvbwWªR Ges jvgmvg e‡j| 23) Dcwbwg©Z e¨q : Gw÷‡gU cÖ¯‧wZi mgq †h mg¯Í Avbylw½K e¨q wVKVvK Rvbv hvqbv, †m mKj e¨q wgUv‡bvi Rb¨ Gw÷‡gUK…Z gy‡j¨i 5% nv‡i ‡h wbw`©ó Ask avh© Kiv nq, Zv‡K Dcwbwg©Z e¨q e‡j| 24) Ifvi‡nW LiP : wbg©vYKvR cwi`k©b I cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wVKv`v‡ii wewfbœ e¨q n‡q _v‡K| D³ e¨q cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ `i we‡køl‡Yi mgq wbw`©ó nv‡i cÖwZwU `dvi Dci †h UvKv eivÏ ivLv nq Zv‡K Ifvi‡nW LiP e‡j| GUv kÖwgK I gvjvgv‡ji †gvU Li‡Pi Dci 3.5% nv‡i aiv nq|

Gbfvqib‡g›Uvj BwÄwbqvwis 1) wewfbœ Kv‡R cvwb Li‡Pi cwigvY : Drm ‡Mvmj Gi Kv‡R cvqLvbvq jv‡M _vjvevmb †avqv cvbxq Kv‡R ivbœvi Kv‡R

cwigvY/gv_vwcQz 45 - 67 wjUvi 27 - 36 wjUvi 12 - 22 wjUvi 3 - 5 wjUvi 5 - 8 wjUvi

2) †Kvb kn‡i †gvU mieivnK…Z cvwbi cwigvY : Ni M„n¯
wji e¨envi wk‡í e¨envi Rbmvavi‡Yi e¨envi e¨emv evwb‡R¨ e¨envi ÿqÿwZi e¨envi ‡gvU =

135 wjUvi/gv_vwcQz 50 wjUvi/gv_vwcQz 10 wjUvi/gv_vwcQz 20 wjUvi/gv_vwcQz 55 wjUvi/gv_vwcQz 270 wjUvi/gv_vwcQz

‡gvU mieivnK…Z cvwbi cwigvY = kn‡ii †gvU RbmsL¨v * 270 3) AwMœ wbe©vc‡bi Rb¨ cvwbi cwigvY : ms¯
vi bvg b¨vkbvj †evW© Ae dvqvi AvÛvi ivBUvm© Av‡gwiKvb †KvW Rb. Avi wd«g¨vb ev÷b Gi m~Î KzBPwjs Gi m~Î

m~Î



4637 p 1  0.01 p

200 p p  1136.5  10  5  5663 p

750 p

4) wewfbœ ai‡Yi cÖK‡íi wWRvBb wcwiqW : cÖK‡íi bvg W¨vg cv¤ú cvwb †kvabvMvi wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î cvB‡ci ms‡hvM cÖavb cvBc cvwb mÂvqvMvi weZiY e¨e¯
v

wWRvBb wcwiqW 50 eQi 15 - 20 eQi 15 eQi 30 eQi 15 eQi 15 eQi 30 eQi



5) evsjv‡`‡ki fzc„ô¯
 I fzMf©¯
 cvwbi m‡e©v”P gvb : ZvcgvÎv eY© AvwejZ¡ MÜ I ¯^v` ‡gvU KwVb c`v_© ‡K¬vivBW A‣Re A¨v‡gvwbqv ‣Re A¨v‡gvwbqv bvB‡UªU ‡j․n I g¨v½vwbR LiZv wc-GBP gvb `ªexfzZ Aw·‡Rb `ªexfzZ H 2 S , CH 4 Zvgv `¯Ív mxmv Av‡m©wbK ‡m‡jwbqvg ‡n·vf¨v‡jU †µvwgqvi g¨vM‡bwmqvg mvj‡dU ‡d¬vivBW wd‡bvwjK †h․M e¨vK‡Uwiqv m~PK msL¨v

26 wWMÖx n‡Z 36 wWMÖx 10 n‡Z 20 GKK 10 wcwcGg AcÖxwZKi MÜ I ¯^v` eR©bxq 500 †_‡K 1000 wcwcGg| Z‡e Zvgv 500 wcwcGg Gi Kg n‡e 250 wcwcGg 0.25 wcwcGg 0.3 wcwcGg ïb¨ 0.5 wcwcGg 50 wWMÖx n‡Z 60 wWMÖx ch©šÍ 6 n‡Z 8.5 wcwcGg 270 G m‡e©v‪P 10 wcwcGg ïb¨ 1 †_‡K 3 wcwcGg 15 wcwcGg 0.1 wcwcGg 0.05 wcwcGg 0.05 wcwcGg 0.05 wcwcGg 125 wcwcGg 250 wcwcGg 1.5 wcwcGg 0.001 wcwcGg 3 Gi Kg nIqv DwPr

6) cvwb‡Z Gwm‡Wi cÖfve : 1) Gwm‡Wi cwigvY †ewk n‡j cvBc ÿ‡q hvq| 2) Lye †ewk GwmW n‡j cvB‡c wj‡KR Gi m„wó nq| 3) GB cvwb cvb Ki‡j †c‡Ui cxov †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| 7) ÿv‡ii cÖfve : 1) ÿv‡ii cÖfv‡e cvBv‡ci †fZi mv`v i‡Oi ¯Íi c‡i| hvi cÖfv‡e cvB‡ci AšÍe¨vm K‡g hvq| 2) ÿiZvi Kvi‡Y cvwb Li nq| Gi cÖfv‡e mvev‡bi AcPq †ewk nq| 3) ivbœvi Kv‡R †ewk R¡vjvwb jv‡M| 4) Bwćbi eqjv‡i AveiY m„wó nq| 8) cvwbi †h mKj cixÿv Kiv nq : 1) eY© cixÿv 5) AvwejZ¡ cixÿv

2) †K¬vivBW cixÿv 6) †gvU KwVb c`v_©

3) ZvcgvÎv cixÿv 4) ¯^v` cixÿv 7) LiZv 8)wc-GBP gvb

9) d¬K : cvwb‡Z ZÂbKvix c`v_© †hvM Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ A¨vjywgwbqvg I †j․‡ni abvZ¡K Avqb cvwb‡Z Dcw¯
Z FbvZ¡K Avqb m¤úbœ KYv¸‡jvi mv‡_ wgwjZ n‡q wcwÄfzZ n‡Z _v‡K| G ¸‡jv †Rjxi b¨vq PUP‡U c`v_©| G‡`i‡K d¬K e‡j| 10) K¨vjMb : GUv n‡jv †n·v‡gUv dm‡dU| 0.2 wcwcGg gvÎvq cvwb‡Z wgwk‡q cvB‡ci •Re wµqvRbxZ ÿqÿwZ Gov‡bv A‡bKvs‡k m¤¢e nq| 11) IqvUvi †K¬v‡mU : gvby‡li †`n n‡Z wbM©Z Zij eR© †h cv‡Î mivmwi Z¨vM Kiv nq Zv‡K IqvUvi †K¬v‡mU e‡j| 12) wd·vi : cvwb I Zij eR© wb®‥vk‡bi Rb¨ cøvw¤^K e¨e¯
vq †h mKj cvÎ e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K wd·vi e‡j| †hgb, IqvUvi †K¬v‡mU, BDwibvj, ev_Uve, Iqvk †ewmb, wmsK, c¨vb BZ¨vw`| 13) wdwUsm : cøvw¤^s e¨e¯
vq wewfbœ cvBc‡K G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ ms‡hvM Kivi Rb¨ †h mKj miÄvg e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K wdwUsm e‡j| †hgb, wU, †eÛ, m‡KU, BDwbqb, eyk, K¨vc, cøvM, wbcj, IqvB, wiwWDwms wU, wiwWDwms Gj‡ev, Gj‡ev, wiwWDwms m‡KU BZ¨vw`| 14) dzUiæj : GwU KvV A_ev w÷‡ji •Zwi| Gi •`N©¨ 30 †mwg| G‡Z ‡mw›UwgUvi I wgwjwgUvi G `vM KvUv _v‡K| †mvRv gvc †bevi Rb¨ GUv e¨envi Kiv nq| 15) wP‡Rj : Mv_ybxi Af¨šÍ‡i MZ© Lyo‡Z GUv e¨envi Kiv nq| Gi •`N©¨ mvaviYZ 150 n‡Z 450 wgwjwgUvi Ges PIov, 12 n‡Z 25 wgwjwgUvi| GUv nvB Kve©b w÷j Øviv wbwg©Z| 16) WvB ÷K : ‡Kvb cvB‡ci evB‡i c¨vP KvUvi Rb¨ GUv e¨envi Kiv nq| GUv nvB Kve©b w÷j Øviv wbwg©Z| 17) dvBj : GUv nvB Kve©b w÷j Øviv wbwg©Z| †Kvb hš¿‡K avi †`evi Rb¨ ev Gi gm„bZv e„w×i Rb¨ dvBj e¨envi Ki nq| 18) cøvgee : ‡Kvb Djw¤^K jvB‡bi h_v_©Zv wbY©‡qi Rb¨ GUv e¨envi Kiv nq| GUv †`L‡Z A‡bKUv jvwU‡gi gZ| 19) UªvB ¯‥qvi : `ywU wfbœ cvBc jvB‡bi mg‡KvY cixÿv Kivi Rb¨ GUv e¨envi Kiv nq| 20) bjKzc weKj n‡q hvIqvi KviY mgyn : 1) ‡÷ªbvi cvB‡ci evwnivei‡Y GKiKg Pz‡bi cÖ‡jc ïiæ †_‡KB ci‡Z ïiæ K‡i| GUv cwi¯‥vi bv Ki‡j †÷ªbvi weKj n‡q hvq| 2) 10 †_‡K 12 eQ‡ii cyiv‡bv bjKzc weKj n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i|

3) AwZwi³ cvwb DËjb Kivi d‡j cvwbi mv‡_ Kv`v RvZxq c`v_© D‡V Avm‡Z cv‡i| Gi d‡j †÷ªBbvi ey‡R †h‡Z cv‡i| 4) cv¤úwU A‡bKw`b hveZ e¨env‡ii d‡j Gi wewfbœ Ask ÿq n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| 5) fzMf© n‡Z jeb RvZxq cvwb DËjb Ki‡j cvBc ÿq n‡Z cv‡i| 21) n¨vÛ cv‡¤úi wewfbœ Ask mgyn : 1) n¨v‡Ûj 2) †nW Kfvi 3) wmwjÛvi 4) †em †cøU 5) cøvÄvi 7) †bvR †evë 8) †ej †evW© 9) fvje I‡qU 10) †nW Kfv‡ii bvU †eë 12) ev‡KU 13) cøvw÷‡Ki wmU fvj¦

6) ev‡KU 11) wc÷b iW

22) †÷ªBbvi : GUv bjKz‡ci wb‡Pi As‡k e¨envi Kiv nq| GUv GKUv wQ`ªhy³ cvBc| Gi •`N©¨ cvwbaviK ¯Íi ch©šÍ| Gi †fZi w`‡q cvwb cvB‡c cÖ‡ek K‡i| 23) eøvBÛ cvBc : GUv †÷ªBbvi cvB‡ci wb‡Pi Ask| ‡÷ªBbviv cvB‡ci †fZ‡i cvwb cÖ‡e‡ki mgq Gi cvwbi mv‡_ wgwkÖZ Kv`v ev KvKi RvZxq c`v_© G‡Z w_wZ‡q c‡i| 24) †ej cøvM : GUv bjKz‡ci cvB‡ci G‡Kev‡i wb‡Pi Ask| GUvi Kvi‡Y cvB‡ci †fZi Kv`v cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| ** †h ¯
v‡b AwMœ wbe©vcb Ki‡Z n‡e, †mLv‡b AšÍZ 4 wU cvBc _vK‡e Ges cÖwZwU cvB‡c 400-450 wjUvi cvwb 5 N›Uv mg‡qi Rb¨ cÖevwnZ Kivi e¨e¯
v _vK‡e| D³ cvB‡c cvwbi Pvc cÖwZ eM©‡mw›UwgUvi G 1.4 †KwR n‡Z n‡e| 25) ev¯úxfeb : wewfbœ Rjvavi I Dw™¢‡`i mwRe Ask n‡Z cvwb my‡h©i Zv‡c ev®ú n‡q D‡o hvIqv‡K ev¯úxfeb e‡j| 26) cÖ‡¯^`b : Dw™¢` Zvi gy‡ji gva¨‡g †kvlYK…Z cvwbi AwZwi³ Ask Zvi cvZvi wewfbœ wQ‡`ªi gva¨‡g evqygÛ‡j †Q‡o †`q| G‡K cÖ‡¯^`b e‡j| 27) ivb Ad : e„wócv‡Zi cvwbi wKQz Ask gvwU †kvlY K‡i †bq Ges evwK Ask fzZ¡K †e‡q ‡Kvb Rjvav‡I cwZZ nq| G‡K ivb Ad e‡j| 28) bjKzc Gi wewfbœ Ask : 1) mvaviY n¨vÛ cv¤ú

2) Kz‡ci gyj cvBc

4) eøvBÛ cvBc

5) †ej cøvM

3) †÷ªBbvi cvBc

29) cvB‡ci ¸”Q D‡™¢` †ivM : cvBc ÿq nIqvi 1g Ae¯
vq Gi Mv‡q ¸‪Q ¸‪Q eª‡Yi gZ †`Lvq| d‡j cvB‡ci AšÍe¨vm K‡g hvq Ges cvwb cÖev‡n evav †`Lv †`q| G‡K cvB‡ci ¸‪Q D‡™¢` †ivM e‡j| 30) Bb‡UK : Drm n‡Z cvwb msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ †h mKj AeKvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq Zv‡K Bb‡UK e‡j|

31) weIwW : weIwW Gi c~Y© A_© ev‡qv †KwgK¨vj Aw·‡Rb wWgvÛ| cvwb‡Z we`¨gvb •Re c`v_©‡K Aw·WvBRW Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq Aw·‡R‡bi cwigvY‡K eySvq| 32) AvwejZ¡ : Lvwj †Pv‡L Avgiv †hUv‡K †Nvjv cvwb ewj ZvB cvwbi AvwejZ¡| cvwb‡Z fvmgvb wewfbœ A‣Re c`v_© †hgb cwjgvwU, Kv`vgvwU cwb‡Z GKwU AvcvZ e‡Y©i jÿY cÖKvk K‡i| hvi Kvi‡Y cvwbi is †Nvjv †`Lvq| GUvB cvwbi AvwejZ¡| 33) †PK fvje : cvwbi cÖevn‡K GKw`‡K cwiPvwjZ Kivi Rb¨ GUv e¨envi Kiv nq| weciwZ `wK n‡Z Avmv cvwb cÖevwnZ n‡j GwU Avcbv Avcwb eÜ n‡q hvq| Gi Aci bvg dzc fvje| 34) ¯øyBP ev †MU fvje : cvBc jvB‡b cvwbi cÖevn‡K wbqš¿b Kivi Rb¨ cvBc jvB‡bi ms‡hvM ¯
‡j ev cvvB‡ci w`K cwiewZ©Z ¯
v‡b GB fvje nq| wU AvK…wZi nvZj Øviv GwU wbqš¿b Kiv nq| 35) wiwjd fvje : wb¤œMvgx cvBc jvB‡b cvwbi Pvc Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ G fvje e¨envi Kiv nq| cvwbi cvBc Gi †h ¯
v‡b w`K cwieZ©b K‡i, †mLv‡b GKwU IqvUvi n¨vgi Gi m„wó nq| GB ewa©Z Pv‡ci Rb¨ cvBc jvB‡bi ÿwZ Gov‡Z wiwjd fvje e¨envi Kiv nq| 36) ¯‥vDqvi fvje : cvBc jvB‡b nVvr †Uvj LvIqv ¯
v‡b Kv`v R‡b¥ AvMvQv Rb¥v‡Z cv‡i| Ges cvB‡ci e¨m K‡g wM‡q cvwbi cÖevn Kg n‡Z cv‡i| D³ ¯
v‡b n¯Í wbqwš¿Z †h fvje e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K ¯‥vDqvi fvje e‡j| 37) m‡KU : cÖ‡qvRbxq ‣`‡N©¨i cvBc cvIqvi Rb¨ Dfq cÖv‡šÍ †fZ‡i c¨vP KvUv ‡h wdwUsm e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K m‡KU e‡j| 38) †eÛ : cvB‡ci w`K cwieZ©b Kivi Rb¨ 9 wWMÖx †Kv‡Y evKv‡bv GKw`‡K †fZ‡i I Aciw`‡K evB‡i c¨vPKvUv †h wdwUsm e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K ‡eÛ e‡j| 39) dvqvi nvBWv›U : iv¯Ív †avqv, cvK©, evMvb cÖf…wZi cvwb †hvMvb Ges m‡e©vcwi Av¸b †b‡fv‡bv Ges Riæix wfwˇZ cvwbi Pvwn`v cyi‡bi Rb¨ iv¯Ívi cv‡k 100 †_‡K 125 wgUvi cici †h we‡kl cvwbK‡ji e¨e¯
v ivLv nq Zv‡K dvqvi nvBWªv›U e‡j| 40) wmD‡qR : emZ GjvKv I KjKviLvbv n‡Z wbM©Z wewfbœ cÖKvi Zij eR©¨‡K wmD‡qR e‡j| 41) wmDqvi : fzMf©¯
 †h cvB‡ci gva¨‡g wmD‡qR enb K‡i wbq hvIqv nq Zv‡K wmDqvi e‡j| 42) †nWiæg : wmDqvi cvB‡ci g‡a¨ wmD‡qR cwicyY©fv‡e cÖevwnZ nqbv| wmD‡qR Gi M¨v‡mi Rb¨ wKQzUv RvqMv dKv ivLv nq| G‡K †nWiæg e‡j| GUv cvB‡ci 1/3 Ask|

43) nvDR †WªBb : evwoi gjgyÎ. wK‡Pb I ev_iæg n‡Z wbM©Z †bvsiv cvwb evwoi evB‡i G‡m †h cvB‡ci gva¨‡g iv¯Ívi gyj cvB‡c hvq Zv‡K nvDR †WªBb e‡j| 44) j¨vUvivj wmDqvi : iv¯Ívi Zij eR©¨ I nvDR †WªBb Gi eR©¨ †h cB‡c wM‡q c‡i Zv‡K j¨vUvivj wmDqvi e‡j| 45) ¯^-‡a․Z †eM : wmDqvi cvB‡ci ‡fZi wmD‡qR cÖevnKv‡j †h †eM eRvq _vK‡j wmDqvi cvB‡ci †fZi wmD‡qR¯
 †Kvb KwVb c`v_© w_wZ‡‡q ci‡Z cv‡I bv Zv‡K ¯^-‡a․Z †eM e‡j| 46) BbfvU© : wmDqvi cvB‡ci G‡Kev‡i wb‡Pi Ask‡K BbfvU© e‡j| 47) mv‡jR : ivbœvNi, nvZgyL †avqvi †ewmb, ev_iæg BZ¨vw` ¯
vb n‡Z wbM©Z Zij eR©¨‡K mv‡jR e‡j| 48) Gbfvqib‡g›Uvj m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi D‡Ïk¨ : 1| wbivc` cvwb mieivn Kiv 2| mKj AveR©bv I eR©¨ c`v‡_©I mwVK AcmviY 3| nvBwRb GWz‡Kkb cÖPjb Kiv 4| cwi‡ek `ylY cÖwZ‡iva Kiv 49) K¨vP †ewmb : Bb‡U‡Ki ga¨ w`‡q AvMZ e„wói cvwb wmDqv‡I hvIqvi cy‡e© †h †P․ev‪Pvq Rgv nq, Zv‡K K¨vP †ewmb e‡j| Gi D‡Ïk¨ nj : 1| Gi Kvi‡Y wmD‡q‡Ri `yM©Ü M¨vm Bb‡UK w`‡q †ei n‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i bv 2| iv¯Ív †avvqv cvwbi mv‡_ †f‡m Avmv †bvsiv c`v_© Rwg‡q iv‡L 50) g¨vb‡nvj wbg©v‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ : 1| cwi`k©b, cwi¯‥viKiY I iÿbv‡eÿ‡Yi Rb GUv gvbhyl‡K wmDhv‡ii †fZi cÖ‡ek Kivi e¨e¯
v K‡i| 2| GUvi Kvi‡Y wmDqvi jvBb¸‡jv‡K KZK¸‡jv †QvU †QvU eøK G wef³ Kiv m¤¢e nq 3| wmDqvi cvB‡ci `yM©Ü †ei n‡q ‡h‡Z mnvqZv K‡i 4| wmDqvi cvB‡ci wbg©vY Kv‡R mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i 51) mvBU †ij : GUv 15 †mwg PIov nvjKv Kv‡Vi Z³| Gi cÖwZ cÖvšÍ GKwU miy Kv‡Vi LywU‡Z †c‡i‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ AvUKv‡bv nq| mvBU †ijmn LywU `ywU‡K Lv‡`I Dfqw`‡K AvovAvwofv‡e †cvovgvwUi b‡ji `ywU UzKivi g‡a¨ ¸‡R †`Iqv nq| 52) †evwbs iW : GUv GKUv wU AvK…wZi †¯‥j we‡kl| GUvi mvnv‡h¨ Lv‡`i Xvj I MfxiZv gvcv nq| 53) KvD‡qj : j¨vUvivj wmDqv‡i evqy mÂjbKvix Kjv‡gi gv_vq †h ZviRvwj e¨envi Kiv nq Zv‡K KvD‡qj e‡j| cvwL hv‡Z Gi †fZ‡i evmv •Zwi Ki‡Z bv cv‡i †mRb¨ GUv e¨envi Kiv nq|

54) †mvKwcU : ‡mcwUK U¨vsK n‡Z wbM©Z Zij‡K mivmwi †Kvb Rjvk‡q bv ‡d‡j †kvlK Kz‡c wb‡q hvIqv nq| †mLv‡b cwikÖveY wµqvq G Zi‡ji PzovšÍ cwi‡kvab N‡U| G Kz‡ci me©wb¤œ MfxiZv 1.5 wgUvi| 55) KwgDwbwU j¨vwUªb Kvg ev‡qvM¨vm cøv›U : GKwU mvaviY AcbvmviY e¨e¯
vq A‡bK¸‡jv gjZ¨v‡Mi Avmb hy³ Ki‡j Zv‡K KwgDwbwU j¨vwUªb e‡j| Avi G KwgDwbwU j¨vwUªb‡K hw` †Kvb †mcwUK U¨vs‡Ki mv‡_ hy³ bv K‡I mivmwi †Kvb ev‡qvM¨vm cøv›U Gi mv‡_ hy³ Kiv nq ZLb Zv‡K KwgDwbwU j¨vwUªb Kvg ev‡qvM¨vm cøv›U e‡j|