06

09

18

{hX-ip-²n-¡v ^n-XzvÀ k-Im¯v

kIm-¯n-sâ A-I-¡m¼pw km-aq-ln-IX - bpw

Ckv-eman-Iv _m¦v: {]-iv-\-§fpw ]-cn-lm-c-§fpw

ssk-\p-±o³ CÀ-^m-\n am-WqÀ

\nkm-ap-±o³ A-lvk-\n ]-d-¸qÀ

tUm. F -_n A-en-bmÀ

k¼Zv hy-h-Ø-bp-sS

Sqdn \-ã-am-Ip-¶

13 Bßo-b hn-Nm-c§Ä

31 ]-c-tem-I Po-hnXw

Aehn-¡p-«n ss^-kn FS¡c

bmkÀ A-d-^m-¯v \q-dm\n

24 hnip-² h-k-´-¯n-\v

40 ag¡me tcm-K-§fpw

\nÀ-hrXn-tbm-sS hnS

{]-Xn-hn-[n-Ifpw

C_v-dmlnw k-Jm-^n ]p-g-¡m-«ncn

tUm. Cu-km C-kv-am-CuÂ

: B-tLm-j-¯n-sâ a-X]£w 27 CuZv ipIqÀ k-Jm-^n sh-®-t¡mSv

dw Im-an-¨ B-anÀ(d) 48 BJnju¡¯-en _mJ-hn hn-b-äv-\mw]Sn

h³-I-‑n-S ]-²-X-‑n-IÄ ]-c-‑n-Ø-‑n-X-‑n-¡-‑p-ï-‑m-¡-‑p-¶ \-‑m-i-‑w, D-X-‑v]-‑m-Z-‑n-¸‑n¡-s¸-S-‑p-¶ D-‑uÀ-P-t¯-¡-‑mÄ a-‑q-e-‑y-a-‑p-Å-X-‑m-sW-¶-‑m-W-‑v D-b-c-‑p-¶ h-‑m-Z-‑w. A-X-‑v G-sd-¡-‑p-sd i-c-‑n-b-‑m-W-‑v X-‑m-\-‑p-‑w

hnIk-\w ]-cn-Øn-Xn ]-cn-K-Wn-¨mhWw

34

cmPo-hv i-¦c³ Imcy-ZÀinþ4 ap-J-sam-gn-þ5 \nhmcWw þ37 h\nX þ42 Ncn-{X-hn-Nmcw þ46 a-dp-samgn-þ50

RNI: 29471/77KL/CT/48/2015/17

e¡w 20 ]p-kv-X-Iw 35 / 2016 Pqsse 1þ15 1437 da-fm³ þiÆm hne `12 Sunni Voice Fortnightly, Samastha Islamic Centre Near Planetarium, Eranhippalam P.O, Kozhikode - 673006 Tel: +91 495 2772845, Fax: 2771538 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.sunnivoice.net

Publisher Kanthapuram A.P Aboobacker Musliyar Chief editor Ponmala Abdul Khadir Musliyar Managing Editor Alavikkutty Faizy Edakkara Editor in charge Ibrahim Saquafi Puzhakkattiry Assistant Editor Abdul Gafoor Nizami Melmuri Web Editor Salim Sidheeqi Tottupoyil Design & Layout Abdul Nasar Devathiyal

ImcyZÀin

{]‑‑ n-b -{]-hÀ-¯-I-tc, B-IÀ-j-I-am-b IÀ-a-]-²-Xn-I-fm G-sd [-\y-am-bn-cp-¶p d-afm-\n-sâ kp-Zn-\-§Ä. ^m-an-en-kv-IqÄ, dn-eo-^v-tU, d-a-fm³ In-äv hnX-c-Ww, _-ZvÀ A-\p-kv-a-c-Ww, kÀ-¡nÄ X-e d-a-fm³ {]-`m-j-Ww, C-^v-XzmÀ, XÀ-_n-b-Xv, X-kv-In-b-Xv Iym-¼p-IÄ F-Ãmw Im-cy-£-aam-bn- \-S-¶p. Cu d-a-fm-\n BÀ-Pn-s¨-Sp-¯ B-ßo-tbm-Â-IÀ-j-hpw IÀ-aho-cy-hpw ssI-ap-X-em-¡n {]-hÀ-¯-\ tKm-Z-bn \-ap-¡v Iq-Sp-X Im-cy-£-a-am-Imw. B-IÀ-j-Wob-hpw A-Sn-Øm-\-]-c-hp-am-b H-t«-sd IÀ-a ]-²-Xn-I-fm-Wv A-Wn-b-d-bn B-kq-{X-Ww sN-¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶-X.v a-g-¡m-ew B-e-ky-¯n-tâ-X-Ã. Iq-Sp-X IÀ-a Ip-i-e-X-tbmSpw \n-Xm-´ Pm-{K-X-tbm-Spw-Iq-Sn B-`y-´-c k-Öo-I-c-W-§Ä-¡pÅ-Xm-Wv. F-Ãm b-{´-§-fpw F-®-bn-«p an-\p-¡m-\p-Å Im-ew. bq-Wn-äp- ap-X tÌ-äv h-sc-bp-Å AÀ-[-hmÀ-jn-I Iu¬-kn-epIÄ, kz-^v-h tkm¬ X-e ]-cn-io-e-\-hpw ]p-\-:k-aÀ-¸-W-hpw kwL-S-\m kv-Iq-fn-sâ `m-K-am-bn c-ïv L-«-§-fn-em-bn \-S-¡p-¶ tI-¼pIÄ(-{]-Y-a L-«w tÌ-äv, tkm¬) F-Ãmw Pq-sse ]-Xn-s\m-¶p apX B-cw-`n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. Ip-Spw-_ bq-Wn-ä,v Jm-^n-e-¯p Z-Av-h Xp-S-§n-b ]p-Xn-b ]-²-Xn-IÄ Iq-Sn D-S-s\ B-cw-`n-¡pw. F-Ãmw G-sä-Sp-¡m-\pw k-a-b_-Ôn-X-am-bn \-S-¸n-em-¡m-\pw k-Ö-am-bn-cn-¡p-I. dn-eo-^v tU-bn k-am-l-cn-¨ km-´z-\ \n-[n hn-ln-Xw t\-cs¯ \nÀ-tZ-in-¨ {]-Im-cw L-S-I-§Ä h-gn ssI-am-dn tÌ-än-se-¯n¡m³ a-d-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I. Xo-c-tZ-i hm-kn-I-fp-sS h-dp-Xn-bpw Zp-cn-Xhpw ]-cn-K-Wn-¨v A-¼-Xv e-£w cq-]-bp-sS `-£y [m-\y hn-X-c-Ww B-cw-`n-¨p-I-gn-ª hn-h-cw km-µÀ-`n-I-am-bn A-dn-bn-¡p-¶p. ap-gp-h³ {]-hÀ-¯-IÀ-¡pw \-·-IÄ \n-d-ª s]-cp-¶mÄ B-iw-k-IÄ. \‑‑n§-f‑‑psS I‑‑ m-c‑ y-ZÀ-i‑ n

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

4

{]mXn-\n-[y-¯nsâ {]iv\w

Pn-

jm- h-[-t¡-kn ]n-Sn-bn-em-b Bkmw kz-tZ-in, A-bm-fp-sS t^m¬ \-¼À am-än-s¡m-ïn-cp-¶-t¸m-gpw lmâv sk-äv ]-g-b-Xp X-s¶ Xp-SÀ-¶-Xv A-Xn \n-d-sb AÇo-e ¢n-¸p-I-fp-ïm-bn-cp-¶-Xp sIm-ïm-W-s{X; A-h D-t]-£n-¡m³ a-\-Êp-h-cm-¯-hn-[w B sN-dp-¸-¡m-c³ ssew-Kn-I ssh-Ir-X-§Ä-¡v A-Sn-a-bm-bn-cp-¶p. hy-`n-Nm-c-¯n-te-¡v A-Sp-¡p-I-t]m-epw sN-¿p-¶-Xv, A-\y kv-{Xo-þ]p-cp-j³ C-¡n-fnhÀ-¯-am-\w ]-d-bp-¶-Xv, H-ä-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv, ZÀ-in¡p-¶-Xv, irw-Lm-c Np-h-tbm-sS C-S-s]-Sp-¶-Xv, sk-Iv-kv Zr-iy-§Ä Im-Wp-¶-Xv F-Ãmw i-àam-bn hn-e-¡n-b hn-ip-²-a-Xw t]-cn am-{Xw H-Xp-§p-¶ C-¯-cw A-ao-dp C-kv-em-ap-amÀ s]m-Xp a-Þ-e-¯n C-kv-e-m-an-s\ {]-Xn-\n[o-I-cn-¡p-¶n-S-¯m-Wv Zo³ sX-än-²-cn-¡-s¸Sp-¶-Xv. d-a-fm-\n-sâ hn-ip-² Po-hn-Xw k-aq-l¯n-\v am-Xr-I-bm-h-s«...!

FUnäÀ

5

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

X-sâ-b‑p‑w X‑m³ sN-e-h‑p sI‑m-S‑p-¡Â \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-b-h-c‑p-sS-b‑p‑w s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ Z‑n-h-k-s¯ `-£-W‑w, h-k‑v-{X‑w, ]‑mÀ-¸‑n-S‑w F-¶‑n-h I-g‑n-¨‑v _‑m-¡‑n ti-j‑n-¸‑p-Å-hÀ-s¡-Ã‑m‑w ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v

{h-X h‑n-i‑p-²‑n-¡‑v

^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v ssk-\-p-±-o³ CÀ-^-m-\-n a-m-W-qÀ

h‑n

-i‑p-² d-a-f‑m-\‑n t\m-¼p-am-bn _-Ô-s¸«v h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-¡‑p h-¶ \‑y‑q-\-X-I-f‑p‑w t]‑m-c‑m-b‑v-aI-f‑p‑w ]-c‑n-l-c‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-Å a‑mÀ-K-a‑m-W‑v ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v. \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c-¯‑n-se ]‑n-g-h‑p-IÄ ]-c‑n-l-c‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-Å k-l‑vh‑n-sâ k‑p-P‑q-Z‑n-t\‑m-S‑m-W‑v ]-Þ‑n-X-·‑mÀ ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m¯‑n-s\ D-]-a‑n-¨-X‑v. C-a‑m‑w C-_‑v-\‑p l-PÀ(d) tc-J-s¸-S‑p¯‑p-¶‑p: "\‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c-¯‑n-se k-l‑v-h‑n-sâ k‑p-P‑q-Z‑v t]‑m-seb‑m-W‑v t\‑m-¼‑n-\‑v ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v. A-X‑v t\‑m-¼‑n-sâ a‑p-g‑p-h³ \‑y‑q-\-X-I-f‑p‑w ]-c‑n-l-c‑n-¡‑p‑w' (X‑p-l‑v-^ 3/305). A-_‑v-Z‑p l-a‑o-Z‑v iÀ-h‑m-\‑n(d) F-g‑p-X‑p-¶‑p: "^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-I‑m³ _‑m-[‑y-X-b‑p‑w I-g‑n-h‑p-a‑p-Å-hÀ A-X‑p \Â-I‑m-X‑n-c‑p-¶‑m t\‑m-¼‑n-sâ a-l‑m {]-X‑n-^-e‑w a‑p-g‑ph³ A-b‑mÄ-¡‑p e-`‑n-¡‑m-sX h-c‑p‑w' (iÀ-h‑m-\‑n 3/305).

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

6

k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-I‑p-¶-hÀ h‑nP-b‑w h-c‑n-¨-h-c‑m-sW-¶‑m-W‑v J‑pÀ-B-\‑n-I {]-J‑y‑m-]-\‑w. AÃ‑m-l‑p ]-d-b‑p-¶‑p: "k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-I‑p-I-b‑p‑w X-sâ c-£‑n-X‑mh‑n-sâ \‑m-a‑w k‑v-a-c‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w F-¶‑n-«‑v \‑n-k‑v-I-c‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X-h³ X‑oÀ-¨-b‑m-b‑p‑w h‑nP-b‑w {]‑m-]‑n-¨‑p' (87/14þ15). C_‑v-\‑p A-_‑m-k‑v(d)h‑n \‑n-¶‑v \‑n-th-Z-\‑w sN-¿‑p-¶ H-c‑p l-Z‑ok‑v ^‑n-X‑z‑v-d‑v k-I‑m-¯‑n-sâ AS‑n-Ø‑m-\ X‑mÂ-]-c‑y‑w h‑y-àa‑m-¡‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v. a-l‑m-\-hÀ-IÄ ]-d-b‑p-¶‑p: "\-_‑n(k‑z) k-I‑m¯‑p ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-¡‑nb-X‑v t\‑m-¼‑p-I‑m-c-s\ ]‑n-gh‑pI-f‑n \‑n-¶‑p‑w \‑y‑q-\-X-I-f‑n \‑n-¶‑p‑w i‑p-²‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w Z-c‑n{ZÀ-¡‑v B-l‑m-c a‑mÀ-K-a‑p-ï‑m¡‑m-\‑p‑w th-ï‑n-b‑m-W‑v. B-sc¦‑n-e‑p‑w (s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ) \‑n-k‑v-I‑mc-¯‑n-\‑v a‑p-¼‑v A-X‑v sI‑m-S‑p-¯‑p h‑o-«‑p-¶ ]-£‑w k‑z‑o-I‑m-c‑y-tb‑mK‑y-a‑m-b k-I‑m-¯‑m-W-X‑v. \‑n-k‑vI‑m-c-¯‑n-\‑v ti-j-a‑m-W‑v \Â-I‑p¶-sX-¦‑n k‑z-Z-J-b‑p-sS I‑q-«¯‑nÂ-s¸-« Z‑m-\-h‑p‑w' (A-_‑qZ‑m-h‑q-Z‑v). d-a-f‑m-\‑n-se t\‑m-¼‑p‑w ^‑nX‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑p‑w \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m¡-s¸-«-X‑v l‑n-P‑v-d c-ï‑m‑w hÀj-¯‑n-e‑m-W‑v. X-sâ-b‑p‑w X‑m³ sN-e-h‑p sI‑m-S‑p-¡Â \‑nÀ-_-Ôa‑m-b-h-c‑p-sS-b‑p‑w s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ Z‑nh-k-s¯ `-£-W‑w, h-k‑v-{X‑w, ]‑mÀ-¸‑n-S‑w F-¶‑n-h I-g‑n-¨‑v _‑m¡‑n ti-j‑n-¸‑p-Å-hÀ-s¡-Ã‑m‑w ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v \‑nÀ-_-Ôa‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. k‑z-i-c‑o-c-¯‑nsâ ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-I \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-b-X‑p-t]‑m-se X‑m³ sN-e-h‑v sI‑m-S‑p-¡Â \‑nÀ-_-Ôa‑m-b `‑m-c‑y, a-¡Ä, D-¸, D-½ X‑pS-§‑n-b-h-c‑p-tS-b‑p‑w k-I‑m-¯‑p \Â-I \‑nÀ-_-Ô‑w. s]-c‑p¶‑mÄ c‑m-¸-I-e‑n \Â-tI-ï `-£-W-¯‑n X‑m³ sN-e-h‑n-\‑p \Â-tI-ï a-\‑p-tj‑y-X-c P‑o-h‑nI-f‑p-sS `-£-W-h‑p‑w DÄ-s¸-S‑p¶-X‑m-W‑v' (X‑p-l‑v-^ 3/312). \‑m-«‑n k‑m-[‑m-c-W a‑p-J‑y‑ml‑m-c-a‑m-b‑n D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-¶ [‑m-\‑y-§-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v H-c‑p k‑z‑mA‑v B-W‑v ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑mb‑n \Â-tI-ï-X‑v. \‑m-e‑v a‑p-±‑m-W‑v H-c‑p k‑z‑m-A‑v. C-_‑v-\‑p D-aÀ(d) h‑n \‑n-¶‑v \‑n-th-Z-\‑w. A-t±-

l‑w ]-d-b‑p-¶‑p: "X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(k‑z) k-I‑m-¯‑p ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ \‑nÀ-_-Ôa‑m-¡‑p-I-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑n. A-X‑v H-c‑p k‑z‑m-A‑v I‑m-c-¡-tb‑m H-c‑p k‑z‑mA‑v _‑mÀ-e‑n-tb‑m B-W‑v. a‑p-k‑ve‑n‑w-I-f‑m-b k‑z-X-{´³, A-S‑n-a, ]‑p-c‑p-j³, k‑v-{X‑o F-¶‑n-§-s\ F-Ã‑m-hÀ-¡‑p‑w C-X‑p \‑nÀ-_-Ôa‑m-W‑v' (A-_‑q-Z‑m-h‑q-Z‑v). \-½‑p-sS \‑m-«‑n-se a‑p-J‑y `-£-W‑w A-c‑n-b‑m-b-X‑v sI‑mï‑v 3.200 e‑n-äÀ A-c‑n-b‑m-W‑v k-I‑m-¯‑p \Â-tI-ï-X‑v. tIS‑n-Ã‑m-¯ i‑p-²-a‑m-b B-l‑m-c‑w X-s¶ \Â-I \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑mW‑v. "I-®-S-¨‑p sI‑m-ï-Ã‑m-sX \‑n-§Ä k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑m-¯ ta‑m-ia‑m-b k‑m-[-\-§Ä Z‑m-\‑w sN¿‑m-\‑m-b‑n \‑n-§Ä I-c‑p-X‑n-sh¡-c‑p-X‑v' (2/267) F-¶‑m-W-tÃ‑m h‑n-i‑p-² J‑pÀ-B-\‑n-sâ {]-k‑v-X‑mh-\. C-a‑m‑w C-_‑v-\‑p-l-PÀ(d) ]-d-b‑p-¶‑p: "tI-S‑n-Ã‑m-¯ [‑m\‑y‑w X-s¶ k-I‑m-¯‑m-b‑n \ÂI-W‑w. A-t¸‑mÄ ]‑p-g‑p-¡‑p-¯‑v _‑m-[‑n-¨-h, D-W-¡-a‑n-Ã‑m-¯-h a‑p-X-e‑m-bhtbm tI-S‑p-h-¶-tX‑m [‑m-\‑y-¯‑n-sâ h‑n-e-tb‑m \ÂI‑n-b‑m a-X‑n-b‑m-h‑n-Ã. A-tXk-a-b‑w \-\-ª-X‑v h‑o-ï‑p‑w DW-¡‑n k‑q-£‑n-¨‑p sh-¡‑m-\‑p‑w `-£‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w ]-ä‑p-¶ h‑n-[-¯‑ne‑m-b‑m A-X‑p \Â-I‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p‑ h‑n-tc‑m-[-a‑n-Ã' (X‑p-l‑v-^ 3/324). s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ Z‑n-h-k-s¯ sN-e-h‑p I-g‑n-ª‑v AÂ-]‑w a‑m{X-ta ti-j‑n-¸‑p-Å‑q-sh-¦‑n AX‑p ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑m-b‑n \ÂI-W‑w. IÀ-a-i‑m-k‑v-{X ]-Þ‑nXÀ F-g‑p-X‑p-¶-X‑p I‑m-W‑p-I: "Hc‑p k‑z‑m-C-sâ AÂ-]‑w a‑m-{X‑w \Â-I‑m³ k‑m-[‑n-¡‑p-¶-h³ A-X‑p \Â-I \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑mW‑v. I‑p-d-¨‑p k‑z‑m-D-IÄ a‑m-{X-a‑pÅ-h³ A-h-b‑p‑w \Â-I-W‑w. A-t¸‑mÄ k‑z-´‑w i-c‑o-c‑w, `‑m-c‑y, sN-d‑n-b-I‑p-«‑n, D-¸, D-½, h-e‑n-bI‑p-«‑n F-¶‑n-§-s\-b‑p-Å a‑p³-KW-\‑m {I-a-a-\‑p-k-c‑n-¨‑m-W‑v \ÂtI-ï-X‑v (a‑p-K‑v-\‑n 1/405). s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ c‑m-h‑n k‑q-c‑y‑mk‑v-X-a-b k-a-b-¯‑p-Å-hÀ-¡‑mW‑v ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v \‑nÀ-_Ô-a‑p-Å-X‑v. A-X‑n-\‑m k‑q-c‑y‑mk‑v-X-a-b-¯‑n-sâ AÂ-]‑w a‑p-¼‑p P-\‑n-¨ I‑p-«‑n, h‑n-h‑m-l‑w I-g‑n-¨ `‑m-c‑y X‑p-S-§‑n-b-hÀ-¡‑p‑w A-k‑vX-a-\-¯‑n-\‑p ti-j‑w a-c‑n-¨-hÀ,

7

h‑n-h‑m-l ta‑m-N‑n-X-b‑m-b `‑m-c‑y a‑pX-e‑m-b-hÀ-¡‑p‑w ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m¯‑v \Â-tI-ï‑n h-c‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. A-tX-k-a-b‑w k‑q-c‑y-k‑v-X-a-b¯‑n-\‑p ti-j‑w P-\‑n-¨ I‑p-ª‑nt\‑m h‑n-h‑m-l‑w I-g‑n-¨ `‑m-c‑yt¡‑m k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-tI-ï-X‑pa‑n-à (X‑p-l‑v-^ 3/305þ307). C-\‑n {]-k-h-¯‑n I‑p-«‑n-b‑p-sS AÂ]‑w k‑q-c‑y-k‑v-X-a-b-¯‑n-\‑p a‑p¼‑p‑w _‑m-¡‑n ti-j-h‑p-a‑m-b‑m-e‑p‑w B I‑p-«‑n-b‑p-sS ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m¯‑v \Â-tI-ï-X‑n-Ã. I‑m-c-W‑w, I‑p-«‑n ]‑qÀ-W-a‑m-b‑p‑w ]‑p-d-¯‑p h-c‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑n-S-t¯‑m-f‑w A-X‑v KÀ-`-Ø i‑n-i‑p X-s¶-b‑m-W‑v' (iÀ-h‑m-\‑n 3/308). ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑m-b‑n [‑m\‑y‑w X-s¶ \Â-I-W-sa-¶‑m-W‑v a-X-]-£‑w. [‑m-\‑y-s¸‑m-S‑n-tb‑m A-X‑p sI‑m-ï‑p-ï‑m-¡‑n-b h‑n-`-

^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑m-b‑n [‑m-\‑y‑w X-s¶ \Â-IW-sa-¶‑m-W‑v a-X-]-£‑w. [‑m-\‑y-s¸‑m-S‑n-tb‑m AX‑p sI‑m-ï‑p-ï‑m-¡‑n-b h‑n-`-h-§-tf‑m [‑m-\‑y-¯‑nsâ h‑n-e-tb‑m \Â-I‑nb‑m a-X‑n-b‑m-h‑n-Ã

h-§-tf‑m [‑m-\‑y-¯‑n-sâ h‑n-etb‑m \Â-I‑n-b‑m a-X‑n-b‑m-h‑n-Ã. C-a‑m‑w J-¯‑o-_‑p iÀ-_‑o-\‑n(d) F-g‑p-X‑p-¶‑p: "H-c‑n-¡-e‑p‑w h‑n-e \Â-I‑n-b‑m a-X‑n-b‑m-h‑p-I-b‑n-sö‑m-W‑v ]-Þ‑n-X-·‑m-c‑p-sS G-II-W‑vT-a‑m-b A-`‑n-{]‑m-b‑w' (a‑p-K‑v\‑n 1/407). d-a-f‑m-\‑n-sâ X‑p-S-¡‑w a‑pX X-s¶ ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v a‑p³-I‑qÀ h‑n-X-c-W‑w sN-¿Â A\‑p-h-Z-\‑o-b-a‑m-W‑v. d-a-f‑m-\‑n-sâ A-h-k‑m-\-s¯ ]-I A-k‑vX-a‑n-¨-X‑p a‑p-X h‑n-X-c-W‑w sN-¿Â \‑nÀ-_-Ô-h‑p‑w s]-c‑p¶‑mÄ \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c-¯‑n-\‑v ]‑p-d-s¸S‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p a‑p-¼‑p sI‑m-S‑p-¯‑p h‑o-«Â t{i-j‑vT-h‑p-a‑m-W‑v. C-_‑v\‑p D-aÀ(d) ]-d-b‑p-¶‑p: "{]-h‑m-NIÀ(k‑z) R-§-tf‑m-S‑v B-f‑p-IÄ

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ \‑n-k‑v-I-c‑n-¡‑m³ ]‑p-d-s¸-S‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p a‑p-¼‑v k-I‑m¯‑p ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ sI‑m-S‑p-¯‑p h‑o«‑m³ IÂ-]‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. C-_‑v-\‑p D-aÀ(d) s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑n-sâ H-t¶‑m c-tï‑m Z‑n-h-k‑w a‑p-¼‑v X-s¶ A-X‑v \‑nÀ-h-l‑n-¡‑p-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p (_‑p-J‑m-c‑n, a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w). C§s\ ap³-Iq-«n \nÀ-h-ln-¡p-t¼mÄ hm-§p-¶ BÄ k-Im-¯v \nÀ_-Ô-am-Ip-¶ k-ab-¯v k-Im¯n-\v A-h-Im-in-bm-bn D-ïmbn-cn-t¡-ï-XmWv. {]-tX‑y-I I‑m-c-W-sa‑m-¶‑p-a‑nÃ‑m-sX s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c¯‑n-\‑p ti-j‑w ssh-I‑p-t¶-c‑w h-sc \Â-I‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡Â I-d‑ml-¯‑p-ï‑v. F-¶‑m A-S‑p-¯ _-Ô‑p-¡Ä, a-ä‑p A-h-I‑m-i‑nIÄ F-¶‑n-h-sc {]-X‑o-£‑n-¨‑v sI‑m-ï‑v {]-tX‑y-I‑w F-S‑p-¯‑psh-¡‑p-¶-X‑n I-d‑m-l-¯‑n-Ã. A-¯-c‑w k‑m-l-N-c‑y-§-f‑n k‑q-c‑y‑m-k‑v-X-a-b-¯‑n-\‑p a‑p-¼‑v sI‑m-S‑p-¯‑p h‑o-«-e‑m-W‑v k‑p-¶¯‑v. {]-tX‑y-I I‑m-c-W-sa‑m-¶‑p-a‑nsÃ-¦‑n (A-h-I‑m-i‑n C-Ã‑m-X‑n-c‑n¡‑p-I, k-¼-¯‑v A-t¸‑mÄ ssIh-i‑w C-Ã‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-I D-Z‑m-l-cW‑w) s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ Z‑n-h-k‑w I-g‑nª‑n-«‑p‑w h‑n-X-c-W‑w sN-¿‑m-X‑nc‑n-¡Â l-d‑m-a‑p-a‑m-W‑v. I‑m-c-W‑w I‑q-S‑m-sX ]‑n-´‑n-¨‑m A-h³ I‑p-ä-¡‑m-c-\‑m-I‑p-sa-¶-X‑n-\‑m F-{X-b‑p‑w s]-s«-¶‑v J-f‑m-A‑v h‑o«-e‑p‑w \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-W‑v. ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑n-sâ \‑n-Ý‑n-X k-a-b§-f‑n I-g‑n-h‑n-Ã‑m-¯-hÀ-¡‑v

k‑z-´-a‑m-b‑n \-à Ac‑n-b‑p-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-Ib‑p‑w k-I‑m-¯‑v \ÂI‑m³ ta‑m-i‑w A-c‑n h‑m-§‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p¶-X‑p‑ £-´-h‑y-a-Ã. \‑m‑w I-g‑n-¡‑p-¶ \-ÃX‑m-W‑v \Â-tI-ï-X‑v s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ Znhkw A-k‑v-X-a-b¯‑n-\‑p a‑p-¼‑v I-g‑n-h‑p-ï‑m-b‑m ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-I k‑p¶-¯‑p-ï‑v (X‑p-l‑v-^ 3/312). ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-I‑pt¼‑mÄ \‑n-¿-¯‑v sN-t¿-ï-X‑v A-\‑n-h‑m-c‑y-a‑m-W‑v. k-I‑m-¯‑v h‑oS‑m-\‑p-Å \‑n-_-Ô-\-I-f‑n-se‑m¶‑m-W‑v A-X‑v. k-I‑m-¯‑n-sâ DS-a-b‑m-W‑v h‑n-X-c-W‑w sN-¿‑p-¶sX-¦‑n h‑n-X-c-W L-«-¯‑n-e‑p‑w a-sä‑m-c‑m-sf h-¡‑m-e-¯‑m-¡‑p-Ib‑m-sW-¦‑n A-h-sc GÂ-¸‑n¡‑p-¶ k-a-b-¯‑p-a‑m-W‑v \‑n-¿¯‑v sh-t¡-ï-X‑v. I‑p-«‑n-I-f‑p-sStb‑m {`‑m-´-·‑m-c‑p-sS-tb‑m k-I‑m¯‑v h‑n-X-c-W‑w sN-¿‑p-t¼‑mÄ A-h-c‑p-sS k‑w-c-£-IÀ \‑n-¿-¯‑v sh-¡-W‑w. ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-I _‑m-[‑y-X-b‑p-Å h‑y-à‑n k-I‑m¯‑v \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-I‑p-¶ k-a-b¯‑v X‑m-a-k‑n-¡‑p-¶ \‑m-«‑n-e‑m-W‑v sI‑m-S‑p-t¡-ï-X‑v. k‑z-tZ-i-¯‑p-

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

8

Å-hÀ C-h‑n-sS-b‑p‑w h‑n-tZ-i-¯‑pÅ-hÀ A-h‑n-sS-b‑p‑w sI‑m-S‑p-¡W-sa-¶‑v N‑p-c‑p-¡‑w. IÀ-a-i‑m-k‑v{X ]-Þ‑n-X-·‑mÀ h‑n-h-c‑n-¡‑p¶‑p: "^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v BÀ-¡‑v th-ï‑n-b‑m-tW‑m \Â-I‑p-¶-X‑v A-b‑mÄ X‑m-a-k‑n-¡‑p-¶ \‑m-«‑n A-h-I‑m-i‑n-I-f‑p-sï-¦‑n a-sä‑mc‑p \‑m-«‑n-e‑p-Å A-h-I‑m-i‑n-I-f‑nte-¡‑v \‑o-¡‑w sN-¿‑m³ ]‑m-S‑n-Ã. [-\-¯‑n-sâ k-I‑m-¯‑n-sâ h‑n-[‑nb‑p‑w C-{]-I‑m-c‑w X-s¶. k-I‑m¯‑v _‑m-[‑y-X-b‑p-Å-h³ X‑m-ak‑n-¡‑p-¶ \‑m-S‑n-sâ ]-c‑n-[‑n-¡‑p ]‑p-d-¯‑p-Å-X‑p‑w F-¶‑m B \‑m-S‑n-t\‑m-S‑v tNÀ-¶‑v I‑n-S-¡‑p-¶X‑p-a‑m-b {]-tZ-i-h‑p‑w Z‑m-b-I-sâ \‑m-S‑m-b‑n ]-c‑n-K-W‑n-¡-s¸-S‑p‑w. F-¶‑m k-I‑m-¯‑v sI‑m-S‑p-¡Â \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-b \‑m-«‑n A-X‑v k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-t¡-ï A-h-I‑m-i‑n-I-f‑nÃ‑m-X‑m-h‑p-I-tb‑m A-hÀ-¡‑v sI‑mS‑p-¯-X‑n-\‑v ti-j-h‑p‑w k-I‑m-¯‑v A-h-ti-j‑n-¡‑p-I-tb‑m sN-b‑vX‑m A-S‑p-¯ \‑m-«‑n-te-¡‑v \‑o¡‑w sN-¿Â \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-W‑v' (X‑p-l‑v-^). k-I‑m-¯‑v h‑m-§‑m³ AÀ-lc‑m-b‑n h‑n-i‑p-² J‑pÀ-B³ F-®‑n¸-d-ª F-«‑p h‑n-`‑m-K-§Ä-¡‑p a‑m-{X-ta k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-I‑m³ ]‑m-S‑p-Å‑q. a-ä‑p-Å-hÀ-¡‑v \Â-I‑nb‑m _‑m-[‑y-X h‑o-S‑p-I-b‑n-à "\‑nÝ-b‑w k-I‑m¯‑v \Â-tI-ï-X‑v ^-J‑oÀ, a‑n-k‑v-I‑o³, k-I‑m-¯‑nsâ D-tZ‑y‑m-K-س, C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑pa‑m-b‑n a-\-Ê‑v C-W-¡-s¸-«-hÀ, A-S‑n-a-¯ ta‑m-N-\-]-{X‑w F-g‑pX-s¸-«-h³, I-S‑w sI‑m-ï‑p h-eb‑p-¶-hÀ, A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ a‑mÀK-¯‑n [À-a-k-a-c‑w \-S-¯‑p-¶hÀ, h-g‑n-b‑m-{X-¡‑mÀ F-¶‑n-hÀ¡‑v a‑m-{X-a‑m-W‑v. A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n \‑n-¶‑v \‑n-Ý-b‑n-¡-s¸-«-X‑m-W‑v CX‑v' (k‑q-d-¯‑p-X‑u_/60). k-¼-¯‑n-sâ k-I‑m-¯‑v t]‑m-se i-c‑o-c-¯‑n-sâ k-I‑m¯‑m-b ^‑n-X‑z‑v-d‑p‑w \-½‑p-sS H‑uZ‑m-c‑y-a-Ã. {]-k‑v-X‑p-X F-«‑p h‑n-`‑mK-¯‑n-sâ A-h-I‑m-i-a‑m-W‑v. \‑nÝ‑n-X k-a-b-]-c‑n-[‑n-b‑n A-X‑p \Â-I‑m-¯-hÀ I‑p-ä-¡‑m-c‑m-I‑p‑w. k‑z-´-a‑m-b‑n \-à A-c‑n-b‑p-]-tb‑mK‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w k-I‑m-¯‑v \ÂI‑m³ ta‑m-i‑w A-c‑n h‑m-§‑p-Ib‑p‑w sN-¿‑p-¶-X‑p‑w £-´-h‑y-a-Ã. \‑m‑w I-g‑n-¡‑p-¶ \-Ã-X‑m-W‑v \ÂtI-ï-X‑v.

k-X‑y-k-Ô-\‑m-b H-c‑p a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w k-¼-¶-s\ k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨‑n-S-t¯‑m-f‑w A-b‑m-f-[‑z‑m-\‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v A-b‑mÄ-¡‑p‑w I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-¯‑n-\‑p‑w th-ï‑n a‑m{X-a-Ã, k-a‑q-l-¯‑n-se X‑m-sg-¯-«‑n-e‑p-Å-hÀ-¡‑p I‑q-S‑n th-ï‑n-b‑m-W‑v

k-Im-¯n-sâ A-I-¡m-¼pw km-aq-ln-I-X-bpw \nkm-ap-±o³ A-lvk\n ]-d-¸qÀ

H

-tc a‑m-X‑m-]‑n-X‑m-¡-f‑p-sS k-´-X‑n-I-f‑m-sW-¦‑ne‑p‑w ]-e I‑m-c‑y-§-f‑n-e‑p‑w a-\‑p-j‑yÀ-¡‑n-S-b‑n A-k-a-X‑z‑w \‑n-e-\‑nÂ-¡‑p-¶‑p. ]‑qÀ-W-a‑m-b k-a-X‑z‑w FÃ‑m I‑m-c‑y-§-f‑n-e‑p‑w H-c‑n-¡-e‑p‑w \-S-¸‑m-I‑n-Ã; F-Ã‑m-h-c‑p‑w ]‑p-c‑p-j-·‑m-c‑m-I-W-sa-t¶‑m k‑v-{X‑o-I-f‑m-I-W-sa-t¶‑m iT‑n-¡‑m³ ]-ä‑p-ta‑m? F-Ã‑m-h-c‑p‑w H-tc X-c‑w tP‑m-e‑n a‑m{X-ta sN-¿‑m-h‑q, H-tc ssi-e‑n-b‑n-te k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑m-h‑q, P‑o-h‑n-¡‑m-h‑q F-¶‑p‑w ]-d-b‑m-\‑m-h‑n-Ã. Ø-e‑w, I‑m-e‑w, ic‑o-c‑w, k‑m-l-N-c-y§Ä F-¶‑n-h-¡-\‑p-k-c‑n-¨‑v a-\‑p-j‑yÀ¡‑n-S-b‑n ssh-h‑n-[‑y-§-f‑p‑w ssh-P‑m-X‑y-§-f‑p-a‑p-ï‑m-I‑p‑w. C-X‑v H-g‑n-h‑m-¡‑m-\‑m-I‑n-Ã. F-¶‑m A-\‑n-h‑m-c‑y-a-Ã‑m-¯ A-k-a-X‑z-§-sf \‑nÀ-_-Ô c‑q-]-¯‑n-te‑m sF-Ñ‑n-I c‑q-]¯‑n-te‑m H-g‑n-h‑m-t¡-ï-X‑m-W‑v. k-¼-¯‑n-e‑m-W‑v {]-[‑m-\-

9

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

a‑m-b‑p‑w a-\‑p-j‑yÀ-¡‑n-S-b‑n A-]I-S-I-c-§-f‑m-b A-k-a-X‑z‑w I‑qS‑p-X c‑q-]-s¸-S‑p-¶-X‑v. k‑m-a‑ql‑y-X-b‑p-sS a‑q-e‑yw G-sd ]-cn-KWn¨ C-k‑v-e‑m‑w k-a-X‑z-h‑p‑w GI-X‑z-h‑p‑w {]-tL‑m-j‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. {k-j‑v-S‑m-h‑n G-I-X‑z-h‑p‑w (X‑u-l‑o-Z‑v) k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-I-f‑n k-aX‑z-h‑p‑w ]-c‑n-N-b-s¸-S‑p-¯‑p-I-b‑p‑w ]T‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w ]-c‑n-i‑o-e‑n-¸‑n¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p-¶‑p C-k‑v-e‑m‑w. C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-sâ A-©‑p A-S‑n-Ø‑m\-§-f‑n F-Ã‑m-¯‑n-e‑p‑w C‑u G-I-X‑z, k-a-X‑z A-[‑y‑m-]-\-§f‑m-W‑p-Å-X‑v. P‑m-X‑n, hÀ-K, hÀW, k‑z-¯‑v, h‑n-th-N-\-§-f‑n-Ã‑msX F-Ã‑m-h-c‑p‑w i-l‑m-Z-X‑v I-e‑na-b‑p‑w A-©‑p t\-c-s¯ \‑n-k‑vI‑m-c-h‑p‑w t\‑m-¼‑p‑w k-I‑m-¯‑p‑w l-Ö‑p‑w A-\‑p-j‑vT‑n-¡-W-sa-¶ i‑m-k-\ k-a-X‑z-s¯ D-Z‑v-tL‑mj‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c \‑nÀ-hl-W-¯‑n-te‑m P-a‑m-A-¯‑m-b‑n \‑nÀ-h-l‑n-¡‑p-t¶-S-t¯‑m sshP‑m-X‑y-a‑n-Ã. A-d‑n-h‑p-Å-h-sâ t\X‑r-X‑z-¯‑n _‑m-¡‑n-sb-Ã‑m‑w a-d-¶‑v H-c‑p-a‑n-¨‑v \‑nÂ-¡-W‑w. k‑v{X‑o-¡‑p‑w ]‑p-c‑p-j-\‑p‑w \‑n-k‑v-I‑mc-¯‑n b‑m-sX‑m-c‑p C-f-h‑p-a‑n-Ã. F-¶‑m k‑v-{X‑o-IÄ-¡‑v A-h-c‑psS i‑m-c‑o-c‑n-I {]-tX‑y-I-X-I-sf ]-c‑n-K-W‑n-¨‑v (BÀ-¯-h‑w, {]-kh‑w X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h) N‑n-e C-f-h‑pI-f‑p‑w k‑u-I-c‑y-§-f‑p‑w \Â-I‑p¶‑p-ï‑v. a‑m-\‑p-j‑n-I ]-c‑n-K-W\-b‑n-e‑q-¶‑n-b C-f-h‑p-I-f‑m-W‑nh-sb-¶-sX‑m-g‑n-¨‑m k-a-X‑z‑w \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c-¯‑n-e‑p-ï‑v. t\‑m-¼‑nsâ I‑m-c‑y-¯‑n-e‑p‑w l-Ö‑n-sâ I‑m-c‑y-¯‑n-e‑p‑w k‑m-a‑q-l‑n-I-X-b‑p‑w k-a-X‑z-h‑p‑w B-c‑p‑w ZÀ-i‑n-¡‑m-X‑nc‑n-¡‑n-Ã. k-¼-¯‑v N‑n-e-c‑n I‑p-¶‑pI‑q-S‑p-t¼‑m-g‑m-W‑v a-\‑p-j‑yÀ-¡‑n-Sb‑n i-à-a‑m-b h‑n-S-h‑v c‑q-]-s¸S‑p-I. k-¼‑m-Z-\ ti-j‑n F-Ã‑mhÀ-¡‑p‑w H-c‑p-t]‑m-se-b‑p-ï‑m-h‑nÃ. k-¼-¯‑v N‑q-j-W-¯‑n-e‑q-sSb‑p‑w A-Ã‑m-sX-b‑p‑w D-ï‑m-¡‑m‑w. N‑q-j-W-c‑o-X‑n-I-sf \‑n-i‑n-X-a‑mb‑n C-k‑v-e‑m‑w h‑n-e-¡‑n-b‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. k-¼-¯‑n-s\ N‑n-e-c‑n-te-¡‑v a‑m{X-a‑m-¡‑n D‑u-ä‑n h-ä‑n-¡‑p-¶ a‑m-cI N‑q-j-W-a‑m-b ]-e‑n-i, te‑m-«d‑n, C³-j‑q-d³-k‑v, N‑q-X‑m-«‑w, h‑mX‑p-sh-¸‑v, a-W‑n-sN-b‑n³ _‑n-k‑n\-k‑v, ]‑q-g‑v-¯‑n-sh-¸‑v, D‑u-l-¡-¨h-S‑w X‑p-S-§‑n-b k-I-e k‑m-¼-

¯‑n-I N‑q-j-W-§-sf-b‑p‑w C-k‑ve‑m‑w h‑n-e-¡‑n-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. C-¸-d-ª-h-b‑n ]-e-X‑p‑w ]-e c‑m-P‑y-§-f‑p-sS-b‑p‑w kÀ¡‑m-d‑p-IÄ ]-tW‑mÂ-]‑m-Z-\‑w e-£‑y‑w sh-¨‑v A-\‑p-h-Z‑n-¡‑p¶‑p-sï-¶-X‑v th-sd-¡‑m-c‑y‑w. `‑oa-a‑m-b k-¼-¯‑v C-X‑n-sâ t]c‑n J-P-\‑m-h‑n-se-¯‑p-¶‑p-sï¦‑n-e‑p‑w h-e‑n-sb‑m-c-f-h‑n P-\‑w k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I ]‑o-U-\‑w A-\‑p-`h‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. D-Å-hÀ h‑m-b‑v-]-sbS‑p-¯‑p‑w h‑m-X‑p-sh-¸‑v \-S-¯‑n-b‑p‑w sj-bÀ _‑n-k‑n-\-k‑v \-S-¯‑n-b‑p‑w h‑o-ï‑p‑w h‑o-ï‑p‑w k-¼-¶-X t\S‑p-¶‑p, h‑y-h-k‑m-b-§Ä k‑r-j‑v-S‑n¡‑p-¶‑p. F-¶‑m C-Ã‑m-¯-hÀ I‑q-S‑p-X k-½À-Z-¯‑n-e‑m-h‑p-Ib‑p‑w te‑m-W‑n-te-¡‑p‑w te‑m-«-d‑n-If‑n-te-¡‑p‑w I-Å-¡-S-¯‑p-I-f‑n-te¡‑p‑w \‑nÀ-_-Ô‑n-X-c‑m-h‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w. C‑u-b-S‑p-¯‑v h-¶ H-c‑p h‑mÀ-¯ {i-t²-b-a‑m-W‑v. te‑m-Is¯ A-X‑n-k-¼-¶À te‑m-I-P\-k‑w-J‑y-b‑p-sS H-c‑p i-X-a‑m-\‑w a‑m-{X-ta-b‑p-Å‑q. ]-t£, C-h-c‑psS k-¼-¯‑v _‑m-¡‑n 99 i-X-a‑m\‑w P-\-§-f‑p-sS k-¼-¯‑n-\‑p X‑p-e‑y-a‑m-W‑v! F-´‑p-a‑m-{X‑w A-ka-X‑z-a‑m-W‑v D-Å-h-\‑p‑w C-Ã‑m-¯h-\‑p‑w X-½‑n-e‑p-Å-sX-¶‑v N‑n-´‑n¨‑p-t\‑m-¡‑q. C‑u H-c‑p i-X-a‑m-\‑w A-X‑n-k-¼-¶À A-h-c‑p-sS k-¼¯‑p-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¨‑v _‑m-¡‑n-b‑p-Å k-¼-¯‑p-IÄ D‑u-ä‑n-sb-S‑p-¯‑v sI‑m-ï‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w. D-Å-hÀ C-\‑nb‑p‑w X-S‑n-¨‑p-sI‑m-g‑p-¡‑p‑w. C-Ã‑m¯-hÀ h‑o-ï‑p‑w h‑o-ï‑p‑w sa-e‑nª‑p-sI‑m-ï‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w. C-§-s\ X-S‑n-¨‑p-sI‑m-g‑p-¡‑m³ C-Ã‑m-¯h-sc "tP‑m-e‑n \Â-I‑n' k-l‑mb‑n-¡‑p‑w. ]-W‑n-sb-S‑p-¸‑n-¨‑v ]-Wa‑p-ï‑m-¡‑p‑w. ]‑n-s¶-b‑p‑w ]‑n-s¶b‑p‑w ]-W‑n-sb-S‑p-¸‑n-¡‑p‑w. ]-t£, k‑z-¯‑p-¡Ä H-g‑p-I‑p-¶-X‑v H-tc A-¡‑u-ï‑n-te-¡‑v a‑m-{X-a‑m-I‑p‑w. C‑u H-g‑p-¡‑v A-]-I-S-a‑m-W‑v. k‑z¯‑v H-g‑p-I‑p-¶-X‑v H-tc h‑y-à‑n-b‑psS tX‑m-«-¯‑n-te-¡‑m-sW-¦‑n-e‑p‑w {]-tX‑y-I L-«-sa-¯‑p-t¼‑mÄ ]-e _-e-l‑o-\-c‑p-sS A-¡‑uï‑n-te-¡‑p‑w C‑u k‑z-s¯‑m-g‑pI‑m³ N‑m-e‑v I‑o-d-W-sa-¶‑m-W‑v C-k‑v-e‑m‑w ]-d-b‑p-¶-X‑v. _-e-l‑o\À-¡‑v k-¼-¶-X-b‑n-se-¯‑m\‑p‑w A-X‑p-h-g‑n A-hÀ-¡‑p‑w sNd‑n-b tX‑m-X‑n \‑n-t£-]-§-f‑n-d-

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

10

¡‑m-\‑p‑w k-¼‑m-Z‑y-§-f‑p-ï‑m-¡‑m\‑p‑w h‑o-ï‑p‑w t]‑m-j‑n-¸‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w k-¼‑m-Z‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w H-c‑p ]-c‑n-[‑n-b‑nse-¯‑p-t¼‑mÄ ]-c-s¶‑m-g‑p-I‑n ]-e-c‑n-te-s¡-¯‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w k‑m[‑n-¡‑p‑w. ]-e c‑m-P‑y-§-f‑p‑w k‑w-Ø‑m\-§-f‑p‑w A-h-c‑p-sS \‑m-«‑n-se k-¼-¯‑v, ]‑p-d‑w \‑m-S‑p-I-f‑n-te-¡‑v a‑p-g‑p-h-\‑m-b‑n sI‑m-ï‑p-t]‑m-I‑m-\\‑p-h-Z‑n-¡‑m-sX, H-c‑p h‑n-l‑n-X‑w A-h‑n-sS-¯-s¶ sN-e-h-g‑n-¡W-sa-¶‑v h‑m-i‑n ]‑n-S‑n-¡‑p-¶‑n-tÃ? F-´‑n-\‑m-W‑n-X‑v? tI-c-f-¯‑n-sâ k-¼-¯‑v _‑w-K‑m-f‑n-I-f‑p‑w Bk‑m-a‑n-I-f‑p‑w X-a‑n-g-c‑p‑w X‑q-¯‑p-h‑mc‑n sI‑m-ï‑p-t]‑m-I‑p-t¶ F-¶‑v a‑p-d-h‑n-f‑n D-b-c‑p-¶‑p-ï-tÃ‑m C-t¸‑mÄ. F-´‑m-W‑p tl-X‑p?

B-c‑n F-t¸‑msg‑m-s¡ k-¼-¯‑v \‑nÝ‑n-X c‑o-X‑n-b‑n tI{µ‑o-I-c‑n-¡-s¸-S‑p-¶‑pth‑m, A-t¸‑m-sg‑m-s¡ C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-sâ k-I‑m¯‑v A-b‑m-sf tX-S‑n-s¨Ã‑p-¶‑p. {]-X‑y-£-h‑p‑w ]-tc‑m-£-h‑p-a‑m-b k-¼¯‑n-s\Ãmw k-I‑m-¯‑v _m[Iw

k‑z-¯‑v th-tc‑m-sS ]‑n-g‑p-sX-S‑p¡-s¸-«‑v N‑n-e-c‑n H-X‑p-§-c‑p-X‑v, ]-c-¡-W‑w, {I‑n-b‑m-ß-I-a‑m-b‑n D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w th-W‑w. B-{Ô-b‑n-se s\-Ã‑v a‑p-g‑p-h³ tI-c-f-¯‑n-se-¯-c‑p-X‑v, B-{Ôb‑n X-s¶ h‑o-ï‑p‑w h‑n-f-h‑n-d¡-W‑w. C-t§‑m-s«-¯‑n-b s\-Ã‑v C-h‑n-S‑p-s¯ h-b-e‑p-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w Cd-¡-W‑w. s\-Ã‑p-IÄ, h‑o-ï‑p‑w h‑o-ï‑p‑w s\-Ã‑p-I-f‑m-b‑n ]-e \‑mS‑p-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w h‑n-f-b-W‑w. C-X‑m-W‑v k-¼-¯‑n-sâ ]-c-¡Â. H-c‑m-f‑psS ]-¯‑m-b-¯‑n a‑m-{X‑w s\sÃ‑m-X‑p-§-c‑p-X‑v. B-b‑n-c‑w s\Ã‑p-I-f‑m-b‑n ]-e h-b-e‑p-I-f‑n h‑n-f-tb-ï s\-·-W‑n H-c‑m-f‑p-sS ]-¯‑m-b-¯‑n a‑m-{X‑w A-h-ti-

j‑n-¡‑m³ A-\‑p-h-Z‑n-¡-c‑p-X‑v. ]-W‑w F-Ã‑m-h-c‑n-te-¡‑p‑w h‑n-«‑p-sI‑m-S‑p-¡-W‑w. F-¶‑m F-Ã‑m-hÀ-¡‑p‑w `‑u-X‑n-I-X-b‑n k‑z-Ø-X-b‑p‑w k-´‑p-j‑v-S‑n-b‑p‑w h-c‑p‑w. R‑m-\‑p-ï‑m-¡‑n-b-X‑v F\‑n-¡‑v a‑m-{X‑w F-¶ k‑z‑mÀ-°-X ]‑m-S‑n-Ã. k‑z-Ø-X-b‑m-W‑v F-Ã‑mhÀ-¡‑p‑w th-ï-X‑v. C-X‑n-\‑m-W‑v C-k‑v-e‑m‑w k-I‑m-¯‑v \‑nÀ-_-Ôa‑m-¡‑n-b-X‑v. J‑pÀ-B³ h‑o-£‑n¡‑p-¶-X‑v t\‑m-¡‑q: "k-¼-¯‑v \‑n-§-f‑n-se k-¼-¶-·‑mÀ-¡‑n-Sb‑n a‑m-{X-a‑m-b‑n I-d-§‑n-s¡‑mï‑n-c‑n-¡‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑m³ th-ï‑n' (k‑q-d-X‑p l-i‑vÀ/7). k-X‑y-k-Ô-\‑m-b H-c‑p a‑p-k‑ve‑n‑w k-¼-¶-s\ k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨‑n-St¯‑m-f‑w A-b‑m-f-[‑z‑m-\‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v A-b‑mÄ-¡‑p‑w I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-¯‑n-\‑p‑w th-ï‑n a‑m-{X-a-Ã, k-a‑q-l-¯‑nse X‑m-sg-¯-«‑n-e‑p-Å-hÀ-¡‑p I‑q-S‑n th-ï‑n-b‑m-W‑v. A-b‑m-f‑psS k‑z-¯‑n X-sâ `‑m-c‑y-¡‑p‑w a-¡Ä-¡‑p‑w B-{i‑n-XÀ-¡‑p‑w F{]-I‑m-c‑w A-h-I‑m-i-a‑p-tï‑m A{]-I‑m-c‑w H-c‑p ]-c‑n-[‑n-¡‑p-tij‑w, C‑u k‑z-¯‑n C-b‑m-f‑p-sS _-Ô‑p-h-Ã‑m-¯ A-[‑x-Ø‑n-X\‑p-I‑q-S‑n A-h-I‑m-i‑w ssI-h-c‑psa-¶‑v C-k‑v-e‑m‑w {]-J‑y‑m-]‑n-¡‑p¶‑p. k-X‑y-k-Ô-\‑m-b a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w

k-¼-¶³ B A-h-I‑m-i-§Ä \Â-I‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w. C-§-s\ F-Ã‑m-h-c‑p‑w F-Ã‑m-hÀ-¡‑p‑w ]-¦‑p-sh-¨‑m F-{X P‑o-h‑n-X§Ä {]-I‑m-i-]‑qÀ-W-a‑m-I‑p‑w. B-c‑n F-t¸‑m-sg‑m-s¡ k-¼-¯‑v/[-\‑w \‑n-Ý‑n-X c‑o-X‑nb‑n tI-{µ‑o-I-c‑n-¡-s¸-S‑p-¶‑pth‑m, A-t¸‑m-sg‑m-s¡ C-k‑ve‑m-a‑n-sâ k-I‑m-¯‑v A-b‑m-sf tX-S‑n-s¨-Ã‑p-¶‑p. {]-X‑y-£-h‑p‑w ]-tc‑m-£-h‑p-a‑m-b k-¼-¯‑n-s\, k-I‑m-¯‑v k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-\‑w ]‑n-S‑n-I‑qS‑n AÀ-l-X-s¸-«-hÀ-¡‑v h‑n-X-cW‑w sN-¿‑p-¶‑p. H-tc k‑v-{S‑o-a‑n H-g‑p-I‑n-b ]-W‑w H-tc c‑o-X‑n-b‑n k-a‑m-]‑n-¡-c‑p-X‑v, ]-c-¶‑v ]-SÀ-¶‑v A-h-k‑m-\‑n-¡-W‑w; ta-L-]‑m-f‑nI-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v s]‑m-«‑n-¨‑m-S‑n-b P-e[‑m-c `‑q-a‑n-b‑n X‑p-Å‑n-¯‑p-Å‑n-If‑m-b‑n F-Ã‑m-b‑n-S-¯‑p-sa-¯‑p-¶X‑p t]‑m-se!

k-I‑m-¯‑v _‑m-[‑n-¡‑p-¶ k‑z-¯‑p-¡Ä G-¡-d‑p- I-W-¡‑n-\‑v `‑q-a‑nb‑p-Å "Z-c‑n-{Z'sc tI-c-f-¯‑ne‑p‑w te‑m-I-s¯-Ã‑m-b‑n-S-¯‑p‑w I‑m-W‑m‑w. k‑z-¯‑p-¡Ä h-fÀ¯‑m-¯ C-¯-c‑w N-¯ `‑q-a‑nIÄ D-ï‑m-b-X‑n-sâ t]-c‑nÂ

11

`‑q-a‑n-IÄ-¡‑v k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-IW-sa-¶‑v h‑m-i‑n-]‑n-S‑n-¡‑m-ta‑m? C‑u ]‑m-h‑w `‑q-h‑p-S-a F-´‑m-W‑v k-I‑m-¯‑m-b‑n \Â-I‑p-I? `‑q-a‑n a‑p-d‑n-¨‑v \Â-I-W-ta‑m? A-tX‑m ]-W-ta‑m? ]-W-a‑n-Ã‑m-¯ `‑q-h‑pS-a F-´‑p sN-¿‑p‑w? C-h‑n-sS `‑qa‑n F-¶-X‑v k-X‑y-¯‑n k-¼¯-Ã. a-c‑n-¨‑p-I‑n-S-¡‑p-¶ C-S‑w a‑m-{X-a‑m-W‑v. C‑u `‑q-a‑n-sb sI‑m¶‑n-«-X‑n-\‑v A-Ã‑m-l‑p-th‑m-S‑v `‑qh‑p-S-a a-d‑p-]-S‑n ]-d-tb-ï‑n-h-c‑p‑w. ]-t£, B `‑q-a‑n-sb k-P‑o-h-a‑m¡‑n I‑n-f-¨‑p-a-d‑n-¨‑v h‑n-¯‑n-«‑m a‑p-f-¡‑m³ X‑p-S-§‑p‑w. a‑p-f-¨‑ph-c‑p-¶ C‑u h-k‑v-X‑p-¡-f‑m-W‑v k-¼-¯‑v. C-h h‑o-ï‑p‑w h‑o-ï‑p‑w k‑z-¯‑p-¡-f‑m-b‑n h‑n-I-k‑n-¡‑p‑w. C‑u k‑z-¯‑p-¡Ä-¡‑v k-I‑m-¯‑v th-W‑w. I‑r-j‑n h-k‑v-X‑p-¡-f‑mb `-£‑y-[‑m-\‑y-§-f‑m-W‑n-h. AX‑p-t]‑m-se ]-g-hÀ-K-§-f‑n {]-[‑m-\-s¸-«-h-¡‑p‑w k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-I-W‑w. H-c‑mÄ-¡‑v B-U‑w-_-c-]‑qÀW-a‑m-b I‑m-d‑p-ï‑v, h-e‑n-b h‑o-S‑pï‑v. ]-t£, ssI-b‑n I-d-§‑ns¡‑m-ï‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶ ]-W-sa-Ã‑m‑w X‑oÀ-¶‑p-t]‑m-b‑n. C‑u "k‑m-[‑p' B-U‑w-_-c-¡‑m-d‑n-\‑p‑w h‑o-S‑n-\‑p‑w/ sI-«‑n-S-¯‑n-\‑p‑w k-I‑m-¯‑v \ÂI-tW‑m? F-´‑p \Â-I‑p‑w? F-h‑nsS-\‑n-¶‑v \Â-I‑p‑w? h‑o-S‑v h‑n-ä‑v k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-I-tW‑m? I‑m-d‑v h‑nä‑v k-I‑m-¯‑v th-tW‑m? h‑o-S‑p‑w I‑m-d‑p‑w B-U‑w-_-c-a‑m-¡‑n-b-X‑n-\‑v A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-t\‑m-S‑v a-d‑p-]-S‑n ]-dtb-ï‑n-h-c‑p‑w. ]-t£, k-I‑m-¯‑v th-ï. I‑m-c-W‑w C‑u h‑o-S‑p‑w I‑m-d‑p‑w h‑n-I-k-\ k‑z-¯‑p-¡-f-Ã. ]-t£, H-c‑mÄ-¡‑v S‑m-I‑v-k‑nb‑p-ï‑v; _-k‑p-ï‑v, te‑m-d‑n-b‑p-ï‑v, a-ä‑p h‑m-l-\-§-f‑p-ï‑v. A-X‑v H‑mS‑n-¨‑v I‑m-i‑p-ï‑m-¡‑p-¶‑p. C‑u I‑mi‑v k‑z-c‑q-]‑n-¨‑v \‑n-Ý‑n-X I‑m-e‑w \‑n-Ý‑n-X A-f-sh-¯‑n-b‑m AX‑n-\‑v k-I‑m-¯‑v \Â-I-W‑w. S‑mI‑v-k‑n s]-ä I‑m-i‑n-\‑v k-I‑m-¯‑psï-¶À-°‑w. H-c‑mÄ-¡‑v _‑n-k‑n-\-k‑p-ï‑v. B N-c-¡‑p-I-sf‑m-s¡ ]-Ws¯ {]-k-h‑n-¡‑m³ ]‑m-I-¯‑ne‑p-Å-h-b‑m-W‑v. _‑n-k‑n-\-k‑v X‑pS-§‑n hÀ-j‑m-h-k‑m-\‑w C‑u N-c¡‑p-I-f‑p-sS a‑q-e‑y‑w (a‑mÀ-¡-ä‑v h‑ne) I-W-¡‑m-¡‑n \‑n-Ý‑n-X ]-c‑n[‑n (595 {K‑m‑w sh-Å‑n-b‑p-sS a‑qe‑y‑w) F-¯‑n-b‑n-«‑p-sï-¦‑n C-h-

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

b‑p-sS c-ï-c i-X-a‑m-\‑w h-c‑p-¶ ]-W‑w k-I‑m-¯‑m-b‑n \Â-I-W‑w. I‑m-c-W‑w, C‑u N-c-¡‑p-IÄ-¡‑v ]-W-s¯ {]-k-h‑n-¡‑m³ k‑m[‑n-¡‑p‑w. _‑n-k‑n-\-k‑n \‑n-¶‑v e-`‑n-¨ I‑m-i‑v, N-c-¡‑p-I-f‑n X-s¶-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑m-sX _‑m-¦‑v U‑nt]‑m-k‑n-ä‑m-tb‑m a-tä‑m F-S‑p-¯‑p k‑q-£‑n-¨‑m-e‑p‑w 595 {K‑m‑w sh-Å‑nb‑p-sS a‑q-e‑y-t¯‑m-sS sImÃw X‑n-I-ª, A-\-¡-a‑n-Ã‑m-sX I‑nS-¡‑p-¶ C‑u I‑m-i‑n-\‑p‑w c-ï-c i-X-a‑m-\‑w k-I‑m-¯‑m-b‑n \ÂI-W‑w. t\-c-s¯, H-g‑n-ª‑p-I‑n-S-¶ ]-d-¼‑n-\‑p k-I‑m-¯‑v th-sï¶‑v ]-d-ª-tÃ‑m. A-tX k-a-b‑w C‑u ]-d-¼‑n-s\ H-c‑p _‑n-k‑n-\-k‑v N-c-¡‑m-b‑n h‑o-£‑n-¨‑m G-X‑p \‑n-a‑n-j-h‑p‑w A-X‑p I‑m-i‑m-b‑n a‑mä‑m-\‑p-Å ]-c‑p-h-¯‑n-e‑m-W‑v; I‑mi‑n-s\ {]-k-h‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-Å ]‑m-I¯‑n-e‑m-W‑p-Å-X‑v. A-t¸‑m-g-X‑n-\‑v k-I‑m-¯‑n-sâ a‑p-J‑w ssI-h-c‑p‑w. H-c‑p hÀ-j-a‑m-b‑n \-S-¡‑p-¶ d‑nb F-tÌ-ä‑v _‑n-k‑n-\-k‑n-sâ H-c‑p `‑m-K‑w a‑m-{X-a‑m-b‑n-¯‑oÀ¶‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p C-X‑v. A-X‑n-\‑m ]-{´-ï‑m‑w a‑m-k‑w A-h-k‑m-\‑n¡‑p-t¼‑mÄ _‑n-k‑n-\-k‑n-sâ Nc-s¡-¶ \‑n-e-b‑n C-X‑n-\‑v h‑ne-sI-«-W‑w. a‑q-e‑y-¯‑n-sâ c-ïc i-X-a‑m-\‑w k-I‑m-¯‑p \Â-IW‑w. H-c‑p-¯‑n-¡‑v H-c‑p h-fÀ-¯‑p tI‑m-g‑n-b‑p-ï‑v. A-sÃ-¦‑n [-c‑n¡‑p-¶ k‑zÀ-W‑m-`-c-W-§-f‑p-ï‑v. C-h-¡‑v ]-W‑w DÂ-]‑m-Z‑n-¸‑n-¡‑m\‑p-Å ti-j‑n-b‑n-Ã. A-X‑n-\‑m k-I‑m-¯‑n-Ã. ]-t£, C‑u tI‑mg‑n-sb-b‑p‑w k‑zÀ-W‑m-`-c-W-§-sfb‑p‑w _‑n-k‑n-\-k‑n-sâ N-c-¡‑p-If‑m-b‑n D]tbmK‑n-¨‑m (tI‑mg‑n-¡-¨-h-S-¯‑n-se N-c-¡‑m-¡‑n tI‑m-g‑n-sb-b‑p‑w k‑zÀ-W-¡-¨-hS-¯‑n-se N-c-¡‑m-¡‑n k‑zÀ-Ws¯-b‑p‑w I-W-¡‑m-¡‑n-b‑mÂ) H-c‑p hÀ-j‑w X‑n-I-¨ I-¨-h-S-¨c-s¡-¶ \‑n-e-b‑n tI‑m-g‑n-I-sfb‑p‑w sI‑m-Ã‑w X‑n-I-ª k‑zÀ-W _‑n-k‑n-\-k‑n-se N-c-s¡-¶ \‑ne-b‑n k‑zÀ-W-s¯-b‑p‑w I-ï‑v, a‑q-e‑y‑w I-W-¡‑m-¡‑n c-ï-c i-Xa‑m-\‑w k-I‑m-¯‑v h‑n-X-c-W‑w sNt¿-ï‑n h-c‑p‑w. C-{]-I‑m-c‑w sN-d‑p-X‑p‑w he‑p-X‑p-a‑m-b a‑p-g‑p-h³ I-¨-h-S-§f‑n-e‑p‑w sI‑m-Ã‑w X‑n-I-b‑p-t¼‑mÄ

C‑u "h‑n-e-sI-«Â' ]-c‑n-]‑m-S‑n \-S-¯-W‑w. F-¶‑n-«‑v k-I‑m-¯‑v h‑n-l‑n-X‑w a‑m-ä‑n-sh-¡-W‑w. I-¨h-S k-I‑m-¯‑v ]-W-a‑m-b‑n-«‑mW‑v \Â-tI-ï-X‑v, N-c-¡‑p-I-f‑mb-Ã. I‑m-c-W‑w, I-¨-h-S-¯‑n {]-k-h‑n-¡-s¸-S‑p-¶-X‑v ]-W-a‑mW‑v.

k-I‑m-¯‑v k‑z-¯‑p-¡Ä G-sX-Ã‑m‑w? a‑p³ h‑n-h-c-W-§-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v k-I‑m-¯‑v _‑m-[‑n-¡‑p-¶ k‑z-¯‑p¡-sf ]-ä‑n-b‑p-Å G-I-tZ-i [‑mc-W e-`‑n-¡‑p‑w. C-\‑n sN-d‑n-sb‑mc‑p h‑y-à-X h-c‑p-¯‑m‑w. k-I‑m¯‑v _‑m-[‑n-¡‑p-¶ k‑z-¯‑p-¡-sf s]‑m-X‑p-sh c-ï‑p X-c-a‑m-¡‑n-¯‑nc‑n-¡‑m‑w. H-¶‑v: B-´-c‑n-I k‑z-¯‑p¡Ä c-ï‑v: _‑m-l‑y k‑z-¯‑p-¡Ä. D-S-a-Ø-\-Ã‑m-¯ a-ä‑p-ÅhÀ-¡‑v {]-X‑y-£ \‑n-c‑o-£-W‑w sI‑m-ï‑v I-sï-¯‑m-t\‑m I-W¡‑m-¡‑m-t\‑m k‑m-[‑n-¡‑m-¯ k‑z¯‑p-¡-f‑m-W‑v B-´-c‑n-I k‑z-¯‑p¡Ä. C-h k‑zÀ-W‑w, sh-Å‑n, I-d³-k‑n-IÄ, \‑n-[‑n, I-¨-h-S k‑z-¯‑p-¡Ä F-¶‑o A-s©-®a‑m-W‑v. BÀ-¡‑p‑w ]‑p-d-sa \‑n-¶‑v t\‑m-¡‑n-b‑m I‑m-W‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑p‑w

_‑m-l‑y k‑z-¯‑p-¡-f‑p-sS h-fÀ-¨-b‑p‑w s]-c‑p-¡h‑p‑w ]‑p-d-sa-\‑n-¶‑v t\‑m¡‑p-¶-hÀ-¡‑p X-s¶ I‑m-W‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑mÂ, C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I `-c-W-{]tZ-i-¯‑v C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I `-c-W‑m-[‑n-I‑m-c‑n \‑n-Ýb‑n-¨ k-I‑m-¯‑p-tZ‑y‑mK-ØÀ-¡‑v D-S-a-Øsâ A-d‑n-th‑m-sS-tb‑m _-e‑mÂ-¡‑m-c-a‑m-tb‑m k-I‑m-¯‑v h‑n-l‑n-X‑w F-S‑p-¯‑p-sI‑m-ï‑p-t]‑mb‑n A-h-I‑m-i‑n-IÄ-¡‑p \Â-I‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

12

th-ï‑n h-¶‑m F-®‑n X‑n-«-s¸S‑p-¯‑m-t\‑m I-W-¡‑m-¡‑m-t\‑m I-g‑n-b‑p-¶Xpamb k‑z-¯‑p-¡-f‑mW‑v _‑m-l‑y k‑z-¯‑p-¡Ä. C-h I‑r-j‑n h-k‑v-X‑p-¡Ä (`-£‑y-[‑m\‑y-§Ä), B-S‑p-IÄ, ]-i‑p, I‑mf, t]‑m-¯‑v, a‑q-c‑n, F-c‑p-a X‑p-S§‑n-b a‑m-S‑p-IÄ, H-«-I-§Ä, J\‑n-IÄ, {]-tX‑y-I ]-g-hÀ-K-§Ä F-¶‑n-h-b‑m-W‑v. a‑p-I-f‑n ]-d-ª B-´-c‑nI-þ-_‑m-l‑y h-k‑v-X‑p-¡Ä-¡‑v h‑nI-k-\‑m-ß-I k‑z-`‑m-h‑w (]-Ws¯ DÂ-]‑m-Z‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-I) D-sï¶-X‑n-\‑m-e‑p‑w \‑n-tX‑y‑m-]-tb‑m-K h-k‑v-X‑p-¡-f‑m-sW-¶-X‑n-\‑m-e‑p‑w k-I‑m-¯‑v _‑m-[‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. B-S‑n-sâ I‑m-c‑y-sa-S‑p-¡‑m‑w. H-t¶‑m c-tï‑m B-S‑p-I-f‑n k-I‑m-¯‑v _‑m-[-I-a‑m-I‑p-¶‑n-Ã. \‑mÂ-]-X‑v B-S‑p-I-f‑p-ï‑m-b‑m a-ä‑p-Å-h-c‑n-te-¡‑v H-g‑p-tI-ï h‑n[-a‑p-Å h‑n-I-k‑n-X k‑z-¯‑m-b‑n C-X‑p-a‑m-dpw. \‑mÂ-]-X‑n-\‑v H-c‑m-S‑ns\ k-I‑m-¯‑m-b‑n \Â-I-W‑w. C-§-s\ H‑m-tc‑m a‑r-K-h‑p‑w h-fÀ-¯‑p k‑z-`‑m-h-¯‑n \‑n-¶‑v h‑n-I-k‑n-X k‑z-¯‑n-te-¡‑v h-f-c‑pt¼‑mÄ k-I‑m-¯‑m-b‑n A-\‑y-c‑nte-¡‑v \‑n-Ý‑n-X h‑n-l‑n-X‑w ssIa‑m-d-W-sa-¶‑p‑w a-ä‑p-Å-hÀ-¡‑v D-]-I‑m-c-s¸-S-W-sa-¶‑p‑w C-k‑ve‑m‑w A-\‑p-i‑m-k‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. _‑m-l‑y k‑z-¯‑p-¡-f‑p-sS h-fÀ-¨-b‑p‑w s]-c‑p-¡-h‑p‑w ]‑p-d-sa\‑n-¶‑v t\‑m-¡‑p-¶-hÀ-¡‑p X-s¶ I‑m-W‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑mÂ, C-k‑v-e‑ma‑n-I `-c-W-{]-tZ-i-¯‑v C-k‑ve‑m-a‑n-I `-c-W‑m-[‑n-I‑m-c‑n \‑n-Ýb‑n-¨ k-I‑m-¯‑p-tZ‑y‑m-K-ØÀ-¡‑v D-S-a-Ø-sâ A-d‑n-th‑m-sS-tb‑m _-e‑mÂ-¡‑m-c-a‑m-tb‑m k-I‑m-¯‑v h‑n-l‑n-X‑w F-S‑p-¯‑p-sI‑m-ï‑p-t]‑mb‑n A-h-I‑m-i‑n-IÄ-¡‑p \Â-I‑mh‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. B-´-c‑n-I k‑z¯‑p-¡Ä-¡‑p-Å k-I‑m-¯‑v D-S-aس k‑z-ta-[-b‑m \Â-I-W‑w. A-sÃ-¦‑n tb‑m-K‑y-\‑m-b h-¡‑oe‑n-s\ \Â-I‑m-t\Â-¸‑n-¡-W‑w. C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I `-c-W-a‑p-Å‑n-S-¯‑v C-a‑m-a‑n-s\ GÂ-]‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p-a‑mh‑m‑w. B-a‑n-e‑o-§Ä(C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I `-c-W‑m-[‑n-I‑m-c‑n \‑n-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-¶ k-I‑m-¯‑v D-tZ‑y‑m-K-ØÀ)¡‑v F-S‑p-¯‑p-sI‑m-ï‑p-t]‑m-h‑m³ ]-ä‑nÃ. (X‑p-S-c‑p‑w)

D-]-t`‑m-à‑m-h‑v h-©‑n-X-\‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑n-t\‑m h‑n-j-a‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-t\‑m I‑m-c-W-a‑m-h‑p-¶ h‑m-¡‑p‑w {]-h‑r-¯‑n-b‑p‑w I-¨-h-S-¯‑n-sâ B-ß‑o-b-X sI-S‑p-¯‑p-sa-¶‑v a‑m-{X-a-Ã B-ß‑n-I-a‑m-b \‑m-i-¯‑n-\‑p‑ I‑m-c-W-a‑m-h‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w

k-¼-Z‑vh‑y-h-Ø-b‑p-sS

B-ß‑o-b h‑n-N‑m-c-§Ä Aehn-¡p-«n ss^-kn FS¡c

k

-X‑y-h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-b‑p-sS k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I I‑m-c‑y-§-f‑p-a‑m-b‑n _-Ô-s¸-« {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f‑p‑w k-a‑o-]-\-§-f‑p‑w tIh-e `‑u-X‑n-I-a-Ã. B-ß‑o-b-a‑m-b t\-«-§-f‑p‑w tI‑m-«-§-f‑p‑w ]-c‑n-KW‑n-¨‑v {I-a-s¸-S‑p-t¯-ï-X‑m-W-h. H-c‑p {]-hÀ-¯-\-¯‑n-\‑v £‑n-{]h‑p‑w {]-X‑y-£-h‑p-a‑m-b‑n e-`‑y-a‑m-I‑p-¶ K‑p-W-^-e-§-tf-¡‑mÄ D-¶-Xh‑p‑w D-Z‑m-¯-h‑p-a‑m-b B-ß‑o-b e-£‑y-§-f‑p‑w a‑q-e‑y-§-f‑p-a‑p-ï‑m-h‑p‑w. {]-X‑y-£-a‑m-b e‑m-`-\-j‑v-S-§-f‑p-sS A-S‑n-Ø‑m-\-¯‑n {]‑m-tb‑m-K‑nI c‑o-X‑n-I-f‑p‑w {]-hÀ-¯-\ a‑mÀ-K-§-f‑p‑w X‑n-c-sª-S‑p-¡‑m-\-h-k-ca‑p-ï‑v. A-tX‑m-sS‑m-¸‑w A-\‑n-h‑m-c‑y-a‑m-b‑p‑w ]-c‑n-K-W-\ \Â-I‑n A-\‑phÀ-¯‑n-t¡-ï \‑n-b-a h‑y-h-Ø-IÄ ]‑m-e‑n-¡‑m-X‑n-c‑p-¶‑p-I‑q-S‑m. {]-X‑y-£-a‑m-b e‑m-`‑w a‑m-{X‑w {]-tN‑m-Z-‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-I-tb‑m \-j‑v-S‑w \‑n-c‑p-Õ‑m-l-s¸-S‑p-¯‑p-I-tb‑m sN-¿‑p-¶‑p F-¶-X‑n-\‑m a‑m-{X‑w aX‑w A‑w-K‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑n-Ã. D-Z‑m-l-c-W-¯‑n-\‑v, A-h‑n-i‑p-²-a‑m-b H-c‑p

13

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I {]-hÀ-¯-\‑w Aa‑n-X e‑m-`‑w \Â-I‑p-¶‑p-sh-¶-X‑n\‑m a‑m-{X‑w h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-¡‑v tNÀ¶-X-Ã. k-¼-¯‑n-te‑m k‑u-Ic‑y-¯‑n-te‑m I‑p-d-h‑v h-c‑p-¯‑p-¶‑p F-¶-X‑v A-X‑p sN-¿‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑m\‑p‑w I‑m-c-W-a‑m-h-c‑p-X‑v. \‑n-tc‑m-[‑n¡-s¸-« H-c‑p {]-hÀ-¯-\-s¯ G-sä-S‑p-¡‑m³ k-X‑y-h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑nb‑p-sS B-ß‑o-b t_‑m-[‑w A-\‑ph-Z‑n-¡‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-I k‑z‑m-`‑m-h‑nI‑w. A-X‑v ]‑p-W‑y-I-c-h-‑p-a‑m-W‑v. D-]-t`‑m-à‑m-h‑v h-©‑n-X-\‑mh‑p-¶ H-c‑p h‑y‑m-]‑m-c k‑m-[‑y-X B-ß‑o-b h‑n-N‑m-c-¯‑n-sâ t]c‑n H-g‑n-h‑m-¡‑n-b‑m {]-X‑n-^e‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p‑w. A-¯-c-¯‑n-e‑p-Å X‑n-c-k‑v-I‑m-c‑w k‑m-t¦-X‑n-I-a‑m-b‑n {]-hÀ-¯-\-a‑m-sW-¶-X‑n-\‑m {]-X‑n-^-e-¯‑n-\‑v \‑n-¿-¯‑v A-\‑nh‑m-c‑y-a‑m-W‑v. H-c‑p kÂ-IÀ-a‑w AX‑n-sâ b-Y‑mÀ-° ssN-X-\‑y‑w DÄ-s¡‑m-ï‑v {]-X‑n-^-e‑mÀ-la‑m-b‑n-¯‑o-c‑m³ \‑n-¿-¯‑v th-Wa-tÃ‑m. X‑n-· X‑n-c-k‑v-I-c‑n-¡‑p-I F-¶ ]‑p-W‑y-¯‑n-\‑p‑w \‑n-¿-¯‑mh-i‑y-a‑m-W‑v. C-a‑m‑w kÀ-I-i‑o(-d) tc-J-s¸-S‑p-¯‑p-¶‑p: "D-t]-£‑n¡Â I-c‑p-t¯‑m-sS-b‑m-sW-¦‑n A-X‑v {]-hÀ-¯‑n X-s¶-b‑m-W‑v' (A a³-k‑qÀ ^‑n J-h‑m-CZ‑v). \‑n-Z‑m-\ i‑m-k‑v-{X {K-Ù-§f‑n C‑u B-i-b‑w h‑y-à-a‑m-b‑n I‑m-W‑m‑w.

I-¨-h-S‑w k‑p-h‑y-à-a‑m-sb‑m-c‑p k‑m-¼¯‑n-I {]-hÀ-¯-\-a‑m-W‑v h‑y‑m]‑m-c‑w. h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-sb k‑w-_-Ô‑n¨‑n-S-t¯‑m-f‑w `‑u-X‑n-I e‑m-`-¯‑ne-[‑n-j‑vT‑n-X-a‑m-b H-c‑p tI-h-e {]-hÀ-¯-\-a-à C-X‑v. [‑m-c‑m-f-a‑mf‑p-IÄ-¡‑v D-]-I‑m-c-{]-Z-a‑m-h‑p-¶ tk-h-\ {]-hÀ-¯-\‑w I‑q-S‑n-b‑mW‑v. ]-W-¯‑n-\‑v h-k‑v-X‑p-h‑p‑w hk‑v-X‑p-h‑n-\‑v ]-W-h‑p‑w ssI-a‑m-ä‑w sN-¿-s¸-S‑p-¶-X‑n-e‑q-sS F-Ã‑mhÀ-¡‑p‑w ssZ-\‑w-Z‑n-\ P‑o-h‑n-X‑mh-i‑y-§Ä ]‑qÀ-¯‑n-b‑m-¡‑m-\h-k-c-a‑p-ï‑m-h‑p-¶‑p. B-h-i‑y¡‑m-c-\‑v ssI-b‑n-e‑p-Å k‑w-J‑y sI‑m-ï‑v B-h-i‑y-a‑m-b P‑o-h‑n-X h‑n-`-h‑w t\-S‑m³ k‑m-l-N-c‑y‑w Hc‑p-¡‑n-b-X‑v h‑y‑m-]‑m-c‑n-b‑m-W‑v. AX‑p-sI‑m-ï‑p-X-s¶ h‑y‑m-]‑m-c‑n-b‑p‑w h‑y‑m-]‑m-c-h‑p‑w \‑n-e-\‑nÂ-t¡-ïX‑v [‑m-c‑m-f‑w t]-c‑p-sS B-h-i‑y-

a‑m-W‑v. C‑u B-h-i‑y-s¯-b‑m-W‑v h‑y‑m-]‑m-c‑n ]‑qÀ-¯‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v. C‑u tk-h-\-¯‑n-sâ b-Y‑mÀ-° a‑q-e‑y‑w {]-X‑y-£ e‑m-`-¯‑n-\‑psa-{X-tb‑m a‑p-I-f‑n-e‑m-W‑v. A-X‑v H-c‑p `‑u-X‑n-I kÀ-¡‑m-td‑m k‑ma‑q-l‑n-I k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-\-ta‑m \ÂI‑p-¶ k-_‑v-k‑n-U‑n-b‑n-te‑m a-ä‑m\‑p-I‑q-e‑y-§-f‑n-te‑m ]-c‑n-a‑n-X-s¸S‑p-¯‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑p-a-Ã. h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑nsb k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨‑n-S-t¯‑m-f‑w X‑m³ \-S-¯‑p-¶ h‑y‑m-]‑m-c tkh-\-¯‑n-sâ a‑q-e‑y-¯‑n-\-\‑p-kc‑n-¨‑p-Å {]-X‑n-^-e‑w ]‑m-c-{X‑n-I te‑m-I-¯‑m-W‑v \Â-I-s¸-S‑p-I. I-¨-h-S-s¯ {]-X‑n-^-e‑mÀl-a‑m-b H-c-\‑p-j‑vT‑m-\-sa-¶ X-e¯‑n-e‑m-W‑v C-k‑v-e‑m‑w I‑m-W‑p-¶X‑v. A-X‑n-\‑m A-X‑n-sâ \‑nÀh-l-W-¯‑n H-g‑n-¨‑p-I‑q-S‑m-\‑mh‑m-¯ N‑n-e h‑y-h-Ø-I-f‑p-ï‑v. a-\‑p-j‑y-{]-I‑r-X-¯‑n-sâ `‑m-Ka‑m-b‑p-ï‑m-I‑m-h‑p-¶ k‑z‑mÀ-°X-I-f‑p‑w Z‑pÀ-ta‑m-l-§-f‑p‑w I‑pX-{´-§-f‑p‑w A-X‑n-s\ a-e‑n-\s¸-S‑p-¯‑n-¡‑q-S‑m. D-]-t`‑m-à‑m-h‑v h-©‑n-X-\‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑n-t\‑m h‑n-j-a‑n¡‑p-¶-X‑n-t\‑m I‑m-c-W-a‑m-h‑p-¶ h‑m-¡‑p‑w {]-h‑r-¯‑n-b‑p‑w I-¨-h-S¯‑n-sâ B-ß‑o-b-X sI-S‑p-¯‑psa-¶‑v a‑m-{X-a-à B-ß‑n-I-a‑m-b \‑m-i-¯‑n-\‑p‑ I‑m-c-W-a‑m-h‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w. A-f-h‑n-e‑p‑w X‑q-¡-¯‑ne‑p‑w I‑r-{X‑n-a‑w I‑m-W‑n-¡Â, CÃ‑m-¯ ta-· ]-d-bÂ, I-Å-kX‑y‑w sN-¿Â, ]‑q-g‑v-¯‑n-sh-¨‑v h‑n-e-b‑p‑w B-h-i‑y-h‑p‑w hÀ-[‑n-¸‑n¡Â, h-k‑v-X‑p-¡-f‑p-sS A-f-h‑p‑w X‑q-¡-h‑p‑w hÀ-[‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑mb‑n I‑r-{X‑n-a X-{´-§Ä A-he‑w-_‑n-¡Â, \‑y‑q-\-X-IÄ a-d-¨‑v sh-¡Â, \‑n-Ý-b‑n-¨‑p-d-¨ D-]‑m[‑n-IÄ e‑w-L‑n-¡Â F-¶‑n-§s\-b‑p-Å I‑m-c‑y-§Ä h‑y‑m-]‑m-cta-J-e-b‑n k‑m-[‑y-X-b‑p-Å-hb‑m-W‑v. C-h-sb‑m-¶‑p‑w h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n¡‑v tNÀ-¶X-Ã. h‑y‑m-]‑m-c-¯‑nsâ ]‑p-W‑y‑w \-j‑v-S-s¸-S‑m-\‑n-S-hc‑p-¯‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w. C-h-b‑n ]-e-X‑p‑w a‑p-¶-d‑n-b‑n-¸‑v \Â-Is¸-« a-l‑m-]‑m-]-§-f‑p‑w K‑u-c-h i‑n-£-b‑p-Å-X‑p-a‑m-W‑v. t\-c‑m‑w-h‑n-[‑w h‑y‑m-]‑m-c‑w \-S-¯‑p-¶-h-\‑p‑w h‑y‑m-]‑m-c h‑n-jb-¯‑n a‑m-\‑y-a‑m-b‑p‑w a-b-t¯‑msS-b‑p‑w s]-c‑p-a‑m-d‑p-¶-h-\‑p‑w e-`‑n¡‑p-¶ {]-X‑n-^-e-h‑p‑w a-l-¯‑zh‑p‑w X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(-k‑z) h‑n-f‑w-_-c‑w

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

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sN-b‑v-X‑p. A-_‑q-k-C‑u-Z‑v(-d) \‑nth-Z-\‑w. \-_‑n(-k‑z) ]-d-ª‑p: "k-X‑y-k-Ô-\‑p‑w h‑n-i‑z-k‑v-X-\‑pa‑m-b h‑y‑m-]‑m-c‑n \-_‑n-a‑mÀ, k‑z‑n±‑o-J‑p-IÄ, i‑p-l-Z‑m-¡Ä F-¶‑nh-tc‑m-sS‑m-¸-a‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w b‑m-{Xb‑m-¡-s¸-S‑p-I' (X‑nÀ-a‑p-Z‑n). a‑p-B-Z‑v(-d) \‑n-th-Z-\‑w. X‑nc‑p-\-_‑n(-k‑z) ]-d-ª‑p: "k‑w-k‑mc‑n-¡‑p-t¼‑mÄ I-f-h‑v ]-d-b‑m-¯, h‑n-i‑z-k‑n-¨‑m h-©‑n-¡‑m-¯, h‑m-K‑v-Z‑m-\‑w sN-b‑v-X‑m e‑w-L‑n¡‑m-¯, h‑m-§‑p-t¼‑mÄ h-k‑v-X‑ph‑n-\‑n-Ã‑m-¯ I‑p-ä‑w ]-d-b‑m-¯, h‑nÂ-¡‑p-t¼‑mÄ h-k‑v-X‑p-h‑n-\‑nÃ‑m-¯ ta-·-IÄ ]-d-b‑m-¯, sI‑m-S‑p-¡‑m-\‑p-Å-X‑v A-I‑m-c-Wa‑m-b‑n \‑o-«‑n-sh-¡‑m-¯, I‑n-«‑m-\‑pÅ-X‑n-sâ t]-c‑n B-f‑p-I-sf h‑n-j-a‑n-¸‑n-¡‑m-¯-h-c‑m-b I-¨-hS-¡‑m-c‑p-tS-X‑m-W‑v G-ä-h‑p‑w \-· \‑n-d-ª tP‑m-e‑n' (ss_-l-J‑n). A-¼‑n-b‑m-¡Ä X‑p-S-§‑n-b a-l‑m-·‑m-tc‑m-sS‑m-¸‑w b‑m-{X-b‑m¡-s¸-S‑p-‑w h‑n-[-¯‑n-e‑p-Å a-l¯‑z‑w I-¨-h-S-¡‑m-c-s\ I‑m-¯‑nc‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. A-X‑v k‑m-[‑y-a‑m-I‑p-¶X‑n-\‑v D-ï‑m-b‑n-c‑n-t¡-ï K‑p-W§-f‑m-b‑n D-]-c‑y‑p-à l-Z‑o-k‑n-se I‑m-c‑y-§-sf \‑m‑w a-\-Ê‑n-e‑m-¡‑pI. e‑m-`-¯‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n \-S-¯s¸-S‑p-¶ h‑y‑m-]‑m-c‑w h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-

b‑n \‑n-¶‑m-h‑p-t¼‑mÄ h-e‑n-b a-l-¯‑z‑w t\-S‑n-¯-c‑p-¶-X‑m-sW¶‑v N‑p-c‑p-¡‑w. ]-t£, e‑m-`-ta‑m-l-¯‑n-e‑p‑w A-[‑n-I I-¨-h-S-¯‑n-\‑m-b‑p-Å BÀ-¯‑n-b‑n-e‑p‑w, A-c‑p-X‑m-¯X‑p‑w A-]-c-\‑v h‑n-j-a‑w h-c‑p-¯‑p¶-X‑p-a‑m-b I‑m-c‑y-§Ä h-c‑p-¶‑p. C-¡‑m-e-¯‑v k-a‑q-l-¯‑n h‑y‑m]‑m-c-¯‑n-\‑v A-h-e‑w-_‑n-¡‑p-¶ c‑o-X‑n-I-f‑p‑w a‑mÀ-K-§-f‑p‑w ]‑qÀ-Wa‑m-b‑n C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I h‑y-h-Ø-¡‑v h‑n-t[-b-a-sÃ-¶‑v a-\-Ê‑n-e‑m-¡‑m‑w. F-¶‑m AÂ-]‑w k‑q-£‑v-a-X ]‑p-eÀ-¯‑n-b‑mÂ, P‑o-h‑n-tX‑m-]‑m[‑n-b‑m-b‑n k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¨ h‑y‑m-]‑m-c‑w ]‑m-c-{X‑n-I-a‑m-b ]-Z-h‑n I‑q-S‑n t\S‑n-¯-c‑p-¶-X‑m-¡‑n a‑m-ä‑m‑w.

I‑q-e‑n-th-e k‑mÀ-h-{X‑n-I-a‑m-b H-c‑p D]-P‑o-h-\ a‑mÀ-K-a‑m-W‑v I‑q-e‑n-the. H-c‑mÄ X-sâ _‑u-²‑n-I-ta‑m I‑m-b‑n-I-ta‑m B-b ti-j‑n-sb a-sä‑m-c‑mÄ-¡‑v th-ï‑n th-X-\‑mS‑n-Ø‑m-\-¯‑n h‑n-\‑n-tb‑m-K‑n¡‑p-¶-X‑n-s\ I‑q-e‑n-th-e F-¶‑v k‑m-a‑m-\‑y-a‑m-b‑n ]-d-b‑m‑w. k‑m-[‑mc-W-¡‑m-c-\‑m-b h‑y-à‑n-b-S-¡‑w a‑p-J‑y Ø‑m-\-¯‑v h-c‑p-¶ k‑m¼-¯‑n-I {]-hÀ-¯-\-a‑m-W‑n-X‑v.

I‑p-S‑p‑w-_‑w t]‑m-ä‑m-\‑p‑w P‑o-h‑n-X‑mh-i‑y-§Ä \‑n-hÀ-¯‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w ]-W‑w I-sï-¯‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p-Å k‑mÀ-h-{X‑n-I-a‑m-b a‑mÀ-K‑w. a‑m-\‑pj‑n-I-a‑m-b H-c‑m-h-i‑y‑w \‑nÀ-h-l‑n¡‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p th-ï‑n \-S-¯‑p-¶ I‑q-e‑n-th-e-b‑p‑w A-[‑z‑m-\-h‑p‑w a-l-¯‑m-b ]‑p-W‑y-a‑m-sW-¶‑v Ck‑v-e‑m‑w ]T‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. H-c‑n-¡Â d-k‑qÂ(-k‑z)b‑p‑w I‑p-td k‑z-l‑m_‑n-I-f‑p‑w H-¶-‑n-¨‑p\‑nÂ-s¡, k-a‑o-]-¯‑p-I‑q-S‑n Btc‑m-K‑y-h‑m-\‑m-b H-c‑p a-\‑p-j‑y³ I-S-¶‑p-t]‑m-b‑n. A-b‑m-sf N‑q-ï‑n k‑z-l‑m-_‑n-IÄ \-_‑n(-k‑z)-tb‑mS‑v ]-d-ª‑p: A-b‑mÄ [À-a-ka-c-¯‑n k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-s¶¦‑n F-{X \-¶‑m-b‑n-c‑p-t¶-s\. A-t¸‑mÄ X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(-k‑z) ]-ª‑p: A-b‑mÄ X-sâ sN-d‑nb a-¡-sf t]‑m-ä‑m-\‑m-b‑n A-[‑z‑m\‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-\‑m-sW-¦‑n A-h³ A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ a‑mÀ-K-¯‑n ]-c‑n-{i-a‑w \-S-¯‑p-¶-h³ X-s¶b‑m-W‑v. h‑r-²-c‑m-b a‑m-X‑m-]‑n-X‑m¡-sf k‑w-c-£‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑m-b‑n ]-c‑n-{i-a‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-\‑m-sW-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ a‑mÀ-K-¯‑n ]-c‑n-{i-a‑w sN-¿‑p-¶-h³ X-s¶. X-sâ k‑z-´‑w I‑m-c‑y-¯‑n A\‑y-sc B-{i-b‑n-¡‑m-sX P‑o-h‑n¡‑m-\‑m-b‑n A-[‑z‑m-\‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-\‑m-

15

sW-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-h³ A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑nsâ a‑mÀ-K-¯‑n ]-c‑n-{i-a‑w sN¿‑p-¶-h-\‑m-W‑v. C-\‑n te‑m-I-a‑m\‑y-¯‑n-\‑p‑w A-l-¦‑m-c-¯‑n-\‑p‑w th-ï‑n A-[‑z‑m-\‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-\‑msW-¦‑n A-h³ ]‑n-i‑m-N‑n-sâ a‑mÀ-K-¯‑n-e‑m-W‑v (X‑z-_‑v-d‑m-\‑n). C-_‑v-\‑p A-º‑m-k‑v(-d) \‑nth-Z-\‑w: l-e‑m-e‑m-b P‑o-h‑n-X h‑n`-h‑w A-t\‑z-j‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v P‑n-l‑mZ‑m-W‑v (A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-\‑v s]‑m-c‑p¯-a‑p-Å ]-c‑n-{i-a‑w). sX‑m-g‑n-seS‑p-¡‑p-¶ h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-b‑m-b A-S‑na-sb A-Ã‑m-l‑p C-j‑v-S-s¸-S‑p-¶‑p (C-k‑z‑v-e‑m-l‑p a‑mÂ). A-_‑q-l‑p-ssd-d(-d) \‑n-th-Z\‑w. X‑n-c‑p-Z‑q-XÀ(-k‑z) ]-d-ª‑p: l-e‑m-e‑m-b h‑n-t[-\-b‑p‑w b‑m-N\-b‑n \‑n-¶‑v c-£-s¸-S‑m-\‑p‑w B-{i‑n-XÀ-¡‑v th-ï‑n-b‑p-Å ]-c‑n{i-a-a‑m-b‑p‑w A-bÂ-h‑m-k‑n-tb‑mS‑v I‑m-c‑p-W‑y-¯‑n-e‑m-b‑p‑w B-sc¦‑n-e‑p‑w `‑u-X‑n-I-k-¼-¯‑p tXS‑n-b‑m A-h-sâ a‑p-J‑w ]‑qÀ-W N-{µ-\‑v k-a‑m-\-a‑m-b \‑n-e-b‑n A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-s\ I-ï‑p-a‑p-«‑p‑w (i‑pA-_‑p C‑u-a‑m³). B-C-i(-d) \‑n-th-Z-\‑w. X‑nc‑p-\-_‑n(-k‑z) ]-d-ª‑p: A-[‑z‑m\‑n-¨‑v £‑o-W‑n-X-\‑m-b‑n H-c‑mÄ ssh-I‑p-t¶-c-a‑m-b‑m A-h³ k‑m-b‑m-Ó‑w {]‑m-]‑n-¡‑p-I ]‑m-]§Ä s]‑m-d‑p-¡-s¸-«-h-\‑m-b‑n-«‑mb‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w (X‑z-_‑v-d‑m-\‑n). A-[‑z‑m\‑n-¨-X‑n-sâ t]-c‑n H-c‑m-f‑p-sS ssI-b‑n X-g-¼‑v I-ï-t¸‑mÄ \-_‑n(-k‑z) A-tX-¡‑p-d‑n-¨‑n§-s\ ]-d-ª‑p: A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑p‑w d-k‑q-e‑p‑w C-j‑v-S-s¸-S‑p-¶ ssIb‑m-W‑n-X‑v (X-^‑v-k‑oÀ i-A‑v-d‑mh‑n). A-[‑z‑m-\-¯‑n-\‑v th-X-\‑w ]-ä‑p-I F-¶-X‑n a‑m-{X‑w H-X‑p§‑m-¯ A-h-Ø I‑q-e‑n-th-eIÄ-¡‑p-ï‑v. A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ a‑mÀ-K-¯‑n \-S-¯‑p-¶ ]-c‑n-{ia-a‑m-b‑p‑w ]‑m-]‑w s]‑m-d‑p-¡‑m-\‑p‑w \‑m-Y-sâ-b‑p‑w d-k‑q-e‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w {]‑o-X‑n I-c-Ø-a‑m-¡‑m-\‑p-Å D]‑m-[‑n-b‑m-b‑p‑w sX‑m-g‑n-e‑n-s\-b‑p‑w A-[‑z‑m-\-s¯-b‑p‑w C-k‑v-e‑m‑w ]-h‑n-{X-a‑m-¡‑n. a-l-¯‑m-b A\‑p-j‑vT‑m-\-sa-¶ A-h-Ø sX‑mg‑n-e‑n-\‑p-ï‑m-h‑m-\‑p‑w A-X‑v t\S‑m-\‑p‑w sX‑m-g‑n-e‑p-S-a-b‑p-a‑m-b‑p-Å I-c‑mÀ ]‑m-e‑n-¡-W‑w. F-¦‑n a‑m-{X-ta th-X-\-¯‑n-\‑v X-s¶ AÀ-l-X-b‑p-ï‑m-h‑q. C-_‑v-\‑p A-

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

d-_‑n(-d) h‑n-h-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p: "I‑q-e‑nth-e-b‑n A-[‑z‑m-\-s¯ k-ab‑w sI‑m-tï‑m tP‑m-e‑n-sb ¢‑n]‑v-X-a‑m-b k‑z-`‑m-h K‑p-W‑w sI‑mtï‑m I-W-¡‑m-¡‑n-b‑n-c‑n-¡-W‑w. k-a-b-a‑m-W‑p h‑y-h-Ø-sb-¦‑n \‑n-Ý‑n-X k-a-b‑w tP‑m-e‑n sN¿-W‑w. h‑n-ti-j-W‑w sI‑m-ï‑v ¢‑n-]‑v-X-s¸-S‑p-¯‑n-b-X‑m-sW-¦‑n A-X‑v ]‑qÀ-¯‑o-I-c‑n-¡-W‑w (S‑mÀP-ä‑v ]‑qÀ-¯‑n-b‑m-¡-W‑w). C-X‑v c-ï‑p‑w H-g‑n-h‑m-¡‑m³ sX‑m-g‑n-e‑mf‑n-¡-h-I‑m-i-a‑n-Ã. \‑n-Ý‑n-X c‑q-]¯‑n A-[‑z‑m-\‑w \‑nÀ-h-l‑n-¨‑nsÃ-¦‑n th-X-\-¯‑n-\‑v AÀ-lX-b-‑p-a‑p-ï‑m-h‑n-à (A-l‑v-I‑m-a‑p J‑pÀ-B³). A-[‑z‑m-\‑n-¨‑v t\-S‑p-¶ [-\‑w I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-s¯ k‑w-c-£‑n-¡‑p-¶X‑n-\‑m-b‑n h‑n-\‑n-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-¶X‑n-sâ ]‑p-W‑y‑w l-Z‑o-k‑p-I-f‑n [‑m-c‑m-f‑w h-¶‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. N‑p-c‑p-¡¯‑nÂ, sX‑m-g‑n-e‑n-\‑v th-X-\-h‑p‑w ]‑p-W‑y-h‑p‑w {]-X‑n-^-e-h‑p‑w e-`‑n¡‑p-¶‑p. th-X-\-a‑m-b‑n e-`‑n-¨ ]-W‑w k‑z-´‑w \‑nÀ-_-Ô _‑m[‑y-X-IÄ h‑o-«‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑v h‑n-\‑ntb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑v t]‑m-e‑p‑w asä‑m-c‑p ]‑p-W‑y-a‑p-ï‑v. k‑z-´‑w I‑pS‑p‑w-_-¯‑n-sâ `-£-W‑w, h-k‑v{X‑w X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h-s¡-Ã‑m‑w h‑n-\‑ntb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-¶ ]-W‑w ]‑p-W‑y‑w t\-S‑n-¯-c‑p-sa-¶À-°‑w.

ssI-s¯‑m-g‑n F-s´-¦‑n-e‑p‑w DÂ-]‑m-Z‑n-¸‑n¡‑p-I-tb‑m c‑q-]-t`-Z‑w h-c‑p-¯‑n D-]-tb‑m-K-{]-Z-a‑m-¡‑p-I-tb‑m sN¿‑p-¶ sX‑m-g‑n h‑n-h‑n-[ c‑q-]¯‑n \-S-¯-s¸-S‑m-d‑p-ï‑v. k‑z´-a‑m-b‑n \-S-¯‑p-¶-X‑n-s\-¡‑p-d‑n¨‑v ssI-s¯‑m-g‑n-se-¶‑v ]-d-b‑p¶‑p. X-\‑n-¡‑p‑w A-]-cÀ-¡‑p‑w D-]-b‑p-à-a‑m-b-X‑p‑w B-h-i‑ya‑m-b-X‑p‑w C-§-s\ DÂ-]‑m-Z‑n-¸‑n¡‑p-¶-X‑v D-Z‑m-¯-a‑m-b H-c‑p k‑m¼-¯‑n-I {]-hÀ-¯-\-a‑m-W‑v. Z‑pc‑p-t±-i‑y-t¯‑m-sS-b‑p‑w A-]-I-S‑w h-c‑p-¯‑m-\‑p‑w D-]-{Z-h‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-a‑mW‑pÂ-]‑m-Z‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶-sX-¦‑n I‑p-ä-I-c-a-s{X. A-{I-a‑n-¡‑v Bb‑p-[‑w \‑nÀ-a‑n-¨‑v \Â-I‑p-¶-X‑v he‑n-b ]‑m-X-I-a‑m-W‑v. P‑o-h‑n-X‑m-hi‑y-§-f‑n-se D-]-tb‑m-K-¯‑n-\‑v F-s´-¦‑n-e‑p‑w \‑nÀ-a‑n-¨‑v \Â-I‑p¶-X‑v ]‑p-W‑y-h‑p-‑w. B DÂ-]¶‑w h‑nÂ-]-\ \-S-¯‑n t\-S‑p-¶

]-W‑w {]-X‑y-£-a‑m-b K‑p-W-a‑msW-¦‑n h‑nÂ-]-\ h‑o-ï‑p-sa‑mc‑p ]‑p-W‑y-a‑m-b‑n-¯‑o-c‑p-¶‑p. C-h‑nsS H-c‑p h-k‑v-X‑p-h‑n-\‑v D-ï‑m-b‑nc‑n-t¡-ï i-c‑m-i-c‑n K‑p-W-§Ä ]‑qÀ-¯‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑m³ \‑nÀ-a‑m-X‑m-h‑v _‑m-[‑y-Ø-\‑m-W‑v. I‑p-d-h‑p-sï¦‑n D-]-t`‑m-à‑m-h‑n-s\ A-X‑v t_‑m-[‑y-s¸-S‑p-t¯-ï-X‑p-ï‑v. \-à U‑n-a‑mâ‑p-Å h-k‑v-X‑p¡Ä-¡‑v U‑y‑q-¹‑n-t¡-ä‑p-IÄ \‑nÀa‑n-¡‑p-¶ c‑o-X‑n h‑y‑m-]-I-a‑m-WtÃ‑m. H-c‑mÄ H-c‑p h-k‑v-X‑p N‑n-e K‑p-W-ta-·-I-tf‑m-sS \‑nÀ-a‑n-¨‑m ]‑n-s¶ A-X‑v a-sä‑m-c‑mÄ \‑nÀ-a‑n¨‑p-I‑q-S‑m F-¶‑n-Ã. ]-t£, P-\{]‑o-X‑n-b‑p‑w k‑z‑o-I‑m-c‑y-X-b‑p‑w t\S‑n-b H-d‑n-P‑n-\ X-s¶-b‑m-sW¶‑v sX-ä‑n-²-c‑n-¸‑n-¨‑v h‑nÂ-]-\ \-S-¯‑m³ th-ï‑n k‑m-[-\‑w \‑nÀ-a‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v ]‑m-S‑n-Ã. A-tX k-a-b‑w X‑m³ \‑nÀ-a‑n-¨ h-k‑v-X‑ph‑n-sâ b-Y‑mÀ-° K‑p-W-§-f‑p‑w k‑z-`‑m-h-h‑p‑w h‑n-f‑w-_-c-s¸-S‑p-¯‑nb‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑v h‑n-tc‑m-[‑n-¡-s¸-«-X‑pa-Ã. I‑m-c-W‑w c-ï‑p‑w c-ï‑p-X-c‑w \‑nÀ-a‑n-X‑n-I-f‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-a-tÃ‑m. I-Å-t\‑m-«‑v \‑nÀ-a‑m-W‑w, h‑ne-tb-d‑n-b te‑m-l-§-f‑n I‑r{X‑n-a‑w I‑m-W‑n-¡‑p-¶ th-e-IÄ, \-P-k‑p-IÄ D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¨‑v hk‑v-X‑p-¡Ä \‑nÀ-a‑n-¨‑v h‑nÂ-]-\ \-S-¯Â X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h C-¯-c‑w B-i‑m-k‑y-a-Ã‑m-¯ {]-h‑r-¯‑n-If‑m-W‑v. \‑nÀ-a‑m-W-h‑p‑w DÂ-]‑m-Z-\h‑p‑w H-c‑p h‑y-h-k‑m-b-sa-¶ \‑n-eb‑n h-fÀ-¶‑m-e‑p‑w D-]-t`‑m-à‑mh‑v h-©‑n-X-\‑m-h‑p-¶ h‑n-[‑w hk‑v-X‑p-¡Ä \‑nÀ-a‑n-¨‑v h‑n-X-c-W‑w \-S-¯‑p-¶-X‑v A-h‑n-i‑p-²-a‑m-W‑v. a-Z‑y‑w \‑nÀ-a‑n-¡‑p-I, {]-X‑n-a-IÄ \‑nÀ-a‑n-¡‑p-I X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h-b‑p‑w I‑p-ä-I-c‑w X-s¶. ssI-s¯‑m-g‑n sN-b‑v-X‑p D-]-P‑o-h-\‑w \-S-¯‑p-¶-X‑n-s\ {]-h‑m-N-IÀ(-k‑z) ]‑p-I-g‑v-¯‑nb‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. a‑n-J‑v-Z‑m‑w(-d) \‑n-¶‑v \‑n-th-Z-\‑w. \-_‑n(-k‑z) ]-dª‑p: ssI-s¯‑m-g‑n-e‑n \‑n-¶‑v `-£‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-t\-¡‑mÄ D-¯a-a‑m-b H-c‑p `-£-W-h‑p‑w B-c‑p‑w I-g‑n-¨‑n-«‑n-Ã. \‑n-Ý-b‑w Z‑m-h‑q-Z‑v \-_‑n(-A) ssI-s¯‑m-g‑n-se-S‑p¯‑v P‑o-h‑n-¨-h-c‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p (_‑pJ‑m-c‑n). A-¼‑n-b‑m-¡-f‑n ]-ec‑p‑w h‑y-X‑y-k‑v-X sX‑m-g‑n-e‑p-IÄ sN-b‑v-X‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. Z‑m-h‑q-Z‑v \-_‑n(-

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A) A-¦‑n \‑nÀ-a‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. \‑q-l‑v \-_‑n(-A) B-i‑m-c‑n-¸-W‑n-b‑p‑w e‑p-J‑v-a‑m³(-d) X‑p-¶Â ]-W‑n-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X‑n-c‑p-¶‑p (J‑pÀ-X‑z‑p-_‑n).

D-tZ‑y‑m-K‑w kÀ-¡‑m-td‑m a-ä‑p k‑m-a‑q-l‑nI k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-\-§-tf‑m s]‑m-X‑pP-\-¯‑n-\‑p‑w \‑m-S‑n-\‑p‑w tk-h-\‑w sN-¿‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑m-b‑n \‑n-Ý-b‑n-¡‑p¶-h-c‑m-W-tÃ‑m D-tZ‑y‑m-K-ØÀ. \‑nÀ-W‑n-X-a‑m-b A-[‑n-I‑m-c-h‑p‑w \‑n-Ý‑n-X N‑p-a-X-e-I-f‑p‑w A-hÀ¡‑p-ï‑m-h‑p‑w. kÀ-¡‑m-d‑n-sâ s]‑mX‑p-h‑m-b-tX‑m {]-tX‑y-I h‑n-`‑m-K¯‑n-\‑p-Å-tX‑m B-b \-·-I-f‑p‑w tk-h-\-§-f‑p‑w \‑nÀ-Z‑n-j‑v-S a‑m-\-ZÞ-§Ä-¡‑v h‑n-t[-b-a‑m-b‑n sN¿‑p-I F-¶-X‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w A-hc‑p-sS N‑p-a-X-e. C‑u N‑p-a-X-e‑m \‑nÀ-h-l-W-¯‑n-\‑m-W‑v A-hÀ th-X-\‑w ]-ä‑p-¶-X‑v. th-X-\‑w ]-ä‑n-b‑m-sW-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-sÃ-¦‑n-e‑p‑w s]‑m-X‑p-tk-h-\-¯‑n-\‑m-b‑n \‑n-Ýb‑n-¡-s¸-«-hÀ A-X‑v I‑r-X‑y-a‑m-b‑n \‑nÀ-h-l‑n-¨‑n-c‑n-¡-W‑w. A-e‑w-`‑mh‑w sI‑m-tï‑m I‑r-X‑y-h‑n-te‑m-]‑w sI‑m-tï‑m AÀ-lÀ-¡‑v e-`‑n-t¡ï-X‑v \-j‑v-S-a‑m-b‑m D-¯-c-h‑mZ‑n-X‑z-¯‑n \‑n-¶‑p H-g‑n-h‑m-I‑p-¶X-Ã. \‑n-§-sf-Ã‑m-h-c‑p‑w N‑p-a-X-eI-f‑p‑w D-¯-c-h‑m-Z‑n-X‑z-§-f‑p-a‑p-Åh-c‑m-W‑v. A-X‑v B-c‑n-e‑m-tW‑m, F-´‑n-e‑m-tW‑m A-X‑n-s\-¡‑p-d‑n¨‑v h‑n-N‑m-c-W-b‑p-ï‑m-h‑p-sa-¶‑v \-_‑n(-k‑z) ]T‑n-¸‑n-¨‑p. tk-h-\ th-X-\ h‑y-h-Ø-b‑m-sW-¦‑n tk-h-\-¯‑n h‑o-g‑v-N k‑w-`-h‑n¨‑m th-X-\-¯‑n-e‑p-Å A-hI‑m-i-¯‑n-s\ _‑m-[‑n-¡‑p-sa-¶d‑n-b-W‑w. G-sX-¦‑n-e‑p-sa‑m-c‑p AtX‑m-d‑n-ä‑n-tb‑m a‑m-t\-P‑v-sa-tâ‑m \‑n-Ý-b‑n-t¨Â-]‑n-¨ D-¯-c-h‑mZ‑n-X‑z-§Ä \‑nÀ-h-l‑n-¡‑m-X‑n-c‑p¶‑m A-X‑n-sâ t]-c‑n-e‑p-Å A-h-I‑m-i-§Ä-¡‑v AÀ-l-X-b‑pï‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑n-Ã. tc-J-IÄ i-c‑ns¸-S‑p-¯‑n-b‑m a‑m-{X‑w _‑m-[‑yX X‑o-c‑p-I-b‑n-Ã. A-g‑n-a-X‑n, ]-£-]‑m-X‑w, ssI-¡‑q-e‑n, A-\‑o-X‑n, A-{Ia‑w X‑p-S-§‑n-b A-c‑p-X‑m-b‑v-a-IÄ H‑u-tZ‑y‑m-K‑n-I P‑o-h‑n-X-h‑p-a‑m-b‑n _-Ô-s¸-«‑v h‑y‑m-]-I-a‑m-W‑n-¶‑v. A-X‑p sI‑m-ï‑p-ï‑m-b‑n-¯‑o-c‑p-¶ k-¦‑oÀ-W-X-I-f‑p‑w {]-X‑n-k-Ô‑n-

I-f‑p‑w sN-d‑p-X-Ã. D-¯-c-h‑m-Z‑n-X‑z \‑nÀ-h-l-W-¯‑n-\‑v th-X-\‑w ]-ä‑p¶-h³ tk-h-\-¯‑n-sâ ]‑qÀ-W ^-e-§Ä AÀ-lÀ-¡‑p‑w \‑n-Ý‑nX ta-J-e-¡‑p‑w \-j‑v-S-a‑m-I‑p‑w h‑n[-¯‑n-te‑m \‑y‑q-\-X h-c‑p-¯‑p‑w h‑n-[-¯‑n-te‑m \-S-¯‑p-¶ I‑r{X‑n-a‑w s]‑m-d‑p-¡-s¸-S‑p-¶-X-Ã. ]-²-X‑n-sb A-t]-£‑n-¨‑v X‑m³ ]-ä‑p-¶ h‑n-l‑n-X‑w I‑p-d-h‑m-sW¦‑n-e‑p‑w ]-²-X‑n-b‑p-sS K‑p-W-ta-· I‑p-d-b‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑v Ah I‑m-c-W-a‑mI-c‑p-X‑v. I-S‑p-¯ h-©-\ I‑q-S‑nb‑m-W‑n-X‑v. s]‑m-X‑p-sh e-`‑y-a‑m-t¡-ïtX‑m a‑m-\-Z-Þ-§Ä-¡‑v h‑n-t[b-a‑m-b‑n k‑w-h-c-W‑w sN-¿-s¸-«tX‑m B-b A-h-k-c-§Ä k‑z´‑w C-j‑v-S‑m-\‑p-k-c-W‑w N‑n-eÀ¡‑v {]-tX‑y-I‑w \Â-I‑p-¶ ]-£]‑m-X \‑n-e-]‑m-S‑p‑w I‑p-ä-I-c-a‑m-W‑v. X-s¶ GÂ-]‑n-¨ D-¯-c-h‑m-Z‑nX‑z \‑nÀ-h-l-W-¯‑n-\‑v K‑p-W-t`‑mà‑m-¡-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v A-\-[‑n-I‑r-Xa‑m-b‑n h-Ã-X‑p‑w ]-ä‑n A-X‑v \‑nÀ-hl‑n-¨‑p sI‑m-S‑p-¡‑p-¶-X‑p‑w a-l‑m]‑m-X-I-a‑m-W‑v. ssI-¡‑q-e‑n-b‑m-b‑mW‑v A-X‑v ]-c‑n-K-W‑n-¡‑p-I. C-¯c‑w A-h‑n-l‑n-X k-¼-¯‑p‑w k‑uI-c‑y-h‑p‑w A-h-s\ i‑m-]-¯‑n-\Àl-\‑m-¡‑n-¯‑oÀ-¡‑p‑w. A-h-I‑m-i‑nI-f‑p‑w AÀ-l-c‑p‑w \‑o-X‑n-]‑qÀ-h‑w k-a‑o-]‑n-¡-s¸-S-W-sa-¶-X‑v GsX‑m-c‑p ]-Z-h‑n-b‑p-sS-b‑p‑w X‑mÂ-]c‑y-a‑m-W‑v. k‑m-a‑q-l‑n-I \‑o-X‑n-b‑psS k‑w-Ø‑m-]-\-¯‑n-\‑m-b‑n Xsâ A-[‑n-I‑m-c ta-J-e-b‑n \‑oX‑n-\‑n-j‑vT ]‑p-eÀ-¯Â G-sX‑mc‑p D-tZ‑y‑m-K-Ø-sâ-b‑p‑w _‑m-[‑yX-b-s{X. D-¯-c-h‑m-Z‑n-Xz \‑nÀ-hl-W-¯‑n \‑n-¶‑v H-f‑n-t¨‑m-S‑p¶-X‑v K‑p-c‑p-X-c-a‑m-b sX-ä‑m-W‑v. A-[‑n-I‑m-c‑w I-¿‑n-se-S‑p-¯‑v `‑o-X‑n k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-¡-c‑p-X‑v. D-tZ‑y‑m-K-Ø-c‑psS I‑o-g‑n P-\‑w `‑o-X‑n-b‑n Ig‑n-b‑p-¶ k‑m-l-N-c‑y-a-à k‑r-j‑vS‑n-t¡-ï-X‑v. k-a‑m-[‑m-\-t¯‑m-sS I-g‑n-b‑m³ k‑m-l-N-c‑y-a‑p-ï‑m-hW‑w. ]‑u-c‑m-h-I‑m-i-§-f‑p‑w a-\‑pj‑y‑m-h-I‑m-i-§-f‑p‑w e‑w-L‑n-¡s¸-S‑p-I-b‑p-a-c‑p-X‑v. s]‑m-X‑p-P-\-¯‑n-sâ ssZ-\‑wZ‑n-\ B-h-i‑y-§-f‑p-a‑m-b‑n _-Ôs¸-« D-tZ‑y‑m-K-ØÀ P-\-§Ä-¡‑v {]‑m-]‑n-¡‑m³ k‑m-[‑n-¡‑p‑w h‑n-[¯‑n k-Z‑m k-P‑o-h-a‑m-tI-ïX‑m-W‑v. h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k‑w, N‑n-I‑n-Õ X‑p-S-§‑n-b k‑p-{]-[‑m-\ ta-J-e-I-

f‑n k-a-b-\-j‑v-S-‑w, B-tc‑m-K‑y \-j‑v-S‑w, P‑o-h-l‑m-\‑n F-¶‑n-h¡‑p‑ I‑m-c-W-a‑m-h‑p‑w h‑n-[-¯‑n-e‑pï‑m-h‑p-¶ I‑r-X‑y-h‑n-te‑m-]-§Ä a‑m-¸À-l‑n-¡‑m-¯ I‑p-ä-§-f‑m-I‑p¶‑p. h‑n-Z‑y‑mÀ-°‑n-I-f‑p-sS {]‑m-b¯‑n-\‑p‑w a‑m-\-k‑n-I‑m-h-Ø-¡‑p‑w A-\‑p-k-c‑n-¨‑v X-¿‑m-d‑m-¡-s¸-« I-c‑n-¡‑p-e-h‑p‑w \‑n-Ý‑n-X ]‑mT`‑m-K-h‑p‑w k-a-b-h‑p‑w X-½‑n _-Ô-s¸-«-X‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w. A-h X-½‑n k-a-c-k-s¸-«‑p t]‑m-h‑p¶-X‑v h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k-¯‑n-sâ K‑pW-ta-·-¡-\‑n-h‑m-c‑y-a‑m-W‑v. AX‑n-\‑v `‑w-K‑w h-c‑p-¯‑p-¶ h‑n-[‑w A-[‑y‑m-]-I-c‑p‑w D-¯-c-h‑m-Z-s¸-« tI-{µ-§-f‑p‑w A-\‑m-Ø I‑m-W‑n¡-c‑p-X‑v. P-\-§-f‑p-sS h‑n-i‑z‑m-k-h‑p‑w

D-]-t`‑m-à‑m-h‑v h-©‑n-X-\‑mh‑p-¶ H-c‑p h‑y‑m-]‑m-c k‑m-[‑yX B-ß‑o-b h‑n-N‑m-c-¯‑n-sâ t]-c‑n H-g‑n-h‑m-¡‑n-b‑m {]-X‑n-^-e‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p‑w. A-¯c-¯‑n-e‑p-Å X‑n-c-k‑v-I‑m-c‑w k‑m-t¦-X‑n-I-a‑m-b‑n {]-hÀ¯-\-a‑m-sW-¶-X‑n-\‑m {]-X‑n-^-e-¯‑n-\‑v \‑n-¿-¯‑v A\‑n-h‑m-c‑y-a‑m-W‑v k‑w-X‑r-]‑v-X‑n-b‑p‑w BÀ-P‑n-¡‑m-\‑mb D-tZ‑y‑m-K-س `‑m-K‑y-h‑m-\‑mW‑v. X-sâ `-c-W‑o-b-c‑p-sS {]‑mÀ°-\-b‑p‑w k-t´‑m-j-h‑p‑w A-h-\‑v t\-S‑m-\‑m-h‑p-¶‑p. \‑o-X‑n-a‑m-\‑m-b `-c-W‑m-[‑n-I‑m-c‑n-¡‑v ]‑m-c-{X‑n-I-a‑mb‑n h-e‑n-b k‑u-`‑m-K‑y-a‑p-ï‑v. `-cW‑m-[‑n-I‑m-c‑n-sb \‑o-X‑n-]‑qÀ-h‑w k-l‑m-b‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-\‑p‑w A-X‑n-\\‑p-k‑r-X-a‑m-b {]-X‑n-^-e‑w {]-X‑o£‑n-¡‑m‑w. k-a‑q-l-\-·-b‑n tI{µ‑o-I‑r-X-a‑m-b \-S-¯‑n-¸‑m-W‑v D-tZ‑y‑m-K-Ø-\‑n \‑n-¶‑p-ï‑mth-ï-X‑v. H-c‑p N‑p-a-X-e-b‑n-e‑n-c‑ns¡ A-X‑v `‑w-K‑n-b‑m-b‑n \‑nÀ-h-l‑n¡‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-s\ I‑p-d‑n-¨‑v \-_‑n(-k‑z) K‑u-c-h-k‑z-c-¯‑n ]-d-ª‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. \-k‑z‑o-l-¯‑v AS‑n-Ø‑m-\-a‑m-b-X‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡-W‑w tk-h-\ ta-J-e-b‑p‑w D-¯-c-h‑m-

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Z‑n-X‑z \‑nÀ-h-l-W-h‑p‑w. A-Ã‑m-¯]-£‑w ]-c‑m-P-b-a‑m-W‑v F-t¶‑mÀ¡‑p-I. a-A‑v-J‑n-e‑p-_‑v-\‑p b-k‑mÀ(d) \‑n-th-Z-\‑w. X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(-k‑z) ]-d-ª‑p: "A-Ã‑m-l‑p H-c‑m-f‑n N‑n-e D-¯-c-h‑m-Z‑n-X‑z-§-tfÂ-¸‑n¨‑p. ]-t£, A-X‑n-sâ \‑nÀ-h-lW-¯‑n h‑o-g‑v-N h-c‑p-¯‑n-b‑mW-h³ a-c-W-s¸-«-X‑v. F-¦‑n A-Ã‑m-l‑p A-h-\‑v k‑zÀ-K‑w \‑ntj-[‑n-¡‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑n-Ã' (_‑p-J‑mc‑n). C-\‑n D-¯-c-h‑m-Z‑n-X‑z‑w \‑nÀh-l‑n-¨‑m-te‑m A-X‑v h-e‑n-b h‑nP-b-¯‑n-\‑p-Å I‑m-c-W-h‑p-a‑m-b‑nc‑n-¡‑p‑w. A-_‑v-Z‑p-Ã(-d) \‑n-th-Z-\‑w. dk‑qÂ(-k‑z) ]-d-ª‑p: H-c‑m-sf h‑n-i‑z-k‑n-¨‑v H-c‑p I‑m-c‑y-taÂ-¸‑n¨‑p. A-X-‑v \‑n-d-th-ä‑p-I-b‑p‑w \‑n-dth-ä‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑m³ ]-ä‑n-b k‑m-l-N-c‑y-a‑m-W-h-tâ-X‑v. F-¶‑n-«-h-\-X‑v I‑r-X‑y-a‑m-b‑n \‑nÀh-l‑n-¨‑m A-h-\‑v k‑zÀ-K‑o-b l‑q-d‑n-sb A-Ã‑m-l‑p C-W-b‑m-b‑n \Â-I‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v (a-I‑m-c‑n-a‑p A-J‑v-e‑m-J‑v). k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I-a‑m-b H-t«-sd {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f‑p‑w _‑m-[‑y-X-If‑p‑w a-\‑p-j‑y P‑o-h‑n-X-¯‑n I-S¶‑p-h-c‑p‑w. A-X‑n-se-Ã‑m‑w k‑m-a‑ql‑n-I \‑o-X‑n-b‑p‑w AÀ-l-X-IÄ A‑w-K‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑p‑w N‑q-j-Wta‑m A-S‑n-t¨Â-¸‑n-¡-te‑m CÃ‑m-¯ h‑y-h-Ø-I-f‑p‑w \‑nÀ-tZi-§-f‑p-a‑p-ï‑v. `‑u-X‑n-I-a‑m-b t\«-¯‑n-t\-¡‑mÄ D-¶-X-a‑m-b-X‑p‑w A-X‑p-e‑y-a‑m-b-X‑p-a‑m-b ]‑m-c-{X‑nI t\-«-§-f‑p‑w {]-X‑n-^-e-§-f‑p‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-b‑m-W-h. N‑p-c‑p-¡-¯‑nÂ, k-X‑y-h‑ni‑z‑m-k‑n-sb k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨‑n-S-t¯‑mf‑w A-h-sâ k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I {]-hÀ¯-\-§-sf‑m-¶‑p‑w sh-d‑p‑w `‑u-X‑nI-a-Ã. h‑n-[‑n-h‑n-e-¡‑p-I-f‑p‑w \‑n-ba-h‑y-h-Ø-I-f‑p‑w \‑nÀ-tZ-i-§-f‑p‑w t{]‑m-Õ‑m-l-\-§-f‑m-W‑v. A-hsb X‑p-SÀ-¶‑v {]-X‑n-^-e-h‑p‑w i‑n£-b‑p-a‑p-ï‑v. k-¼-¯‑v F-§-s\ h‑n-\‑n-tb‑m-K‑n-¨‑p F-¶ tN‑m-Z‑ys¯ A-`‑n-a‑p-J‑o-I-c‑n-t¡-ï‑n h-c‑p-sa-¶‑v h‑n-i‑z-k‑n-¡‑p-¶-hÀ hf-sc P‑m-{K-X-tb‑m-sS-b‑p‑w X-¯‑pe‑y-a‑m-b B-th-i-t¯‑m-sS-b‑p‑w k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I {]-hÀ-¯-\-¯‑n-\‑v X-¿‑m-d‑m-h‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑n-Ã.

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

C-¶‑v Ckv-eman-Iv _m-¦nwMv a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w-IÄ-¡‑v a‑m-{X‑w B-h-i‑y-a‑p-Å H-c‑p k‑w-K-X‑n F-¶‑m-W‑v I-c‑p-X-s¸-S‑p-¶-sX-¦‑n-e‑p‑w, b-Y‑mÀ-°-¯‑n AXv C-´‑yb‑n-se P-\-k‑m-a‑m-\‑y-¯‑n-\‑v A-\‑p-{K-l-a‑m-b‑n `-h‑n-t¨-¡‑p‑w. A-X‑n-\‑v s]‑m-X‑p-ka‑q-l-¯‑n-\‑v a‑p-¶‑n C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I i‑m-k‑v-{X-s¯ k-h‑n-k‑v-X-c‑w ]-c‑n-N-b-s¸-S‑p-t¯-ï‑n-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p.

C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑v:

{]-i‑v-\-§-f‑p‑w ]-c‑n-l‑m-c-§-f‑p‑w tUm. F.-_n A-en-bmÀ

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tI‑m-S‑n P-\-§Ä \‑n-h-k‑n-¡‑p-¶ C-´‑y-¡‑mW‑v te‑m-I-¯‑v P-\-k‑w-J‑y-b‑n c-ï‑m‑w Ø‑m-\‑w; C-X‑n 14 i-X-a‑m-\‑w a‑p-k‑v-e‑n-I-f‑m-W‑v þ 18 tI‑m-S‑n. C-´‑y-b‑n-se _‑m-¦‑p-IÄ tZ-i-k‑mÂ-¡-c‑n-¡-s¸«‑n-«‑v 40 hÀ-j‑w I-g‑n-sª-¦‑n-e‑p‑w 60 i-X-a‑m-\-¯‑n-tesd P-\-§Ä-¡‑p‑w _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k‑u-I-c‑y-§Ä e-`‑y-a‑m-b‑n«‑n-Ã. 5.2 i-X-a‑m-\‑w {K‑m-a-§-f‑n a‑m-{X-ta G-sX-¦‑n-e‑p‑w _‑m-¦‑n-sâ i‑m-J-I-f‑p-Å‑q. \‑m-a-a‑m-{X- IÀ-j-IÀ, `‑q-c-l‑nX IÀ-j-I-s¯‑m-g‑n-e‑m-f‑n-IÄ. k‑z-b‑w sX‑m-g‑n k‑w-c‑w`-IÀ, A-k‑w-L-S‑n-X ta-J-e‑m-k‑w-c‑w-`-IÀ, h‑w-i‑o-b \‑y‑q\-]-£-§Ä, k‑v-{X‑o-IÄ, k‑m-[‑m-c-W-¡‑mÀ a‑p-X-e‑m-b-h h‑n-`‑m-K-§Ä-¡‑v te‑m-I-s¯ G-ä-h‑p‑w h-e‑n-b P-\‑m-[‑n-]X‑y-c‑m-P‑y-a‑m-b \-½‑p-sS C-´‑y-b‑n C-¶‑p‑w k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

18

]-c‑n-c-£ A-\‑y-a‑m-W‑v. \‑nÀ-Z‑n-j‑v-S-a‑m-b ]-e‑n-i h‑yh-Ø-tb‑m-sS-b-Ã‑m-sX k‑m-¼¯‑n-I k-l‑m-b‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶ ]-£‑w taÂ-]-d-ª {]‑m-´hÂ-I‑r-X k-a‑q-l-§Ä-¡‑p‑w sN-d‑p-I‑n-S k‑w-c‑w-`-IÀ-¡‑p‑w c‑mj‑v-{S-]‑p-tc‑m-K-X‑n-b‑p-sS G-ä-h‑p‑w k‑z‑o-I‑m-c‑y-a‑m-b h‑n-l‑n-X‑w ]-¦‑p h-b‑v-¡-e‑m-I‑p‑w A-X‑v. ]-e‑n-i-cl‑n-X h‑y-h-Ø-b‑n {]-hÀ-¯‑n¡‑p-¶ C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑p-IÄ {]-k-à-a‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑v C-h‑n-sS-b‑mW‑v. 50 i-X-a‑m-\‑w a‑p-k‑v e‑n‑w-If‑p‑w k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I ]-c‑n-c-£-b‑v-¡‑v ]‑p-d-¯‑m-sW-¶‑v k-¨‑mÀ I-½‑nä‑n D‑u-¶‑n ]-d-ª‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. G-sd I‑m-e-a‑m-b‑n NÀ-¨ sN-¿-s¸-S‑p-¶ k-¼‑qÀ-W k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I ]-c‑nc-£ C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v \‑ne-h‑n h-c‑p-¶-tX‑m-sS b-Y‑mÀ°-a‑m-¡‑m‑w. `‑q-c‑n-]-£‑w a‑p-k‑v e‑n-I-f‑p‑w Z-c‑n-{Z-c‑m-b-X‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v A-h-c‑p-sS h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑y-X _‑m-¦‑pIÄ ]-c‑n-K-W‑n-¡‑p-¶‑n-Ã. A-hsc e-£‑y‑w h-¨‑p-Å _‑m-¦‑n‑wM‑v {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä C-Ã‑m-¯X‑n-\‑m A-h-c‑p-sS k-¼-¯‑v {]-X‑y‑pÂ-]‑m-Z-\-]-c-a‑m-b c‑o-X‑nb‑n h‑n-\‑n-tb‑m-K‑n-¡-s¸-S‑p-¶‑pa‑n-Ã. C-h‑n-sS-b‑m-W‑v C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑nI‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑n-sâ h‑n-]‑p-e-a‑m-b k‑m-[‑y-X-IÄ \‑m‑w I-sï-¯‑p¶-X‑v. \‑n-e-h‑n-e‑p-Å _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k-{¼-Z‑m-b‑w a‑p-k‑v e‑n‑w-IÄ X‑r-]‑vX‑n-I-c-a‑m-b c‑o-X‑n-b‑n D-]-tb‑mK-s¸-S‑p-¯‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v F-¶-X‑v h‑mZ-¯‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n k-½-X‑n-¡‑m-sa¦‑n-e‑p‑w, l‑n-X-I-c-a‑m-b a-sä‑m-c‑p _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k-{¼-Z‑m-b‑w e-`‑y-a-Ã‑m¯-X‑p-sI‑m-ï‑m-W‑v F-¶‑v A‑wK‑o-I-c‑n-t¨ X‑o-c‑q. tZ-i-k‑mÂ-I‑rX _‑m-¦‑p-I-f‑n-se h‑y-à‑n-K-X _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v A-[‑n-I‑m-c‑n-IÄ C-X‑pk‑w-_-Ô-a‑m-b‑n \-S-¯‑n-b ]T-\¯‑n I-sï-¯‑n-b h-k‑v-X‑p-XIÄ C-h-b‑m-W‑v. 1. a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w-I-f‑n G-sd t]c‑p‑w h‑m-b‑v-]‑m-[‑n-j‑v-T‑n-X a‑y‑q-N‑z ^-ï‑p-I-f‑n H-c‑p \‑n-t£-]-h‑p‑w \-S-¯‑p-¶‑n-Ã. 2. A-h-c‑p-sS i-¼-f‑w DÄs¸-sS-b‑p-Å \‑n-t£-]-§-f‑p-sS ]-e‑n-i, [À-a Ø‑m-]-\-§Ä-¡‑v k‑w-`‑m-h-\ sN-¿‑p-¶‑p. 3. tk-h‑n-M‑v-k‑v F-¡‑u-ï‑pIÄ-¡‑v ]-I-c‑w ]-e‑n-i a‑p-àa‑m-b I-dâ‑v A-¡‑u-ï‑p-IÄ

_‑m-¦‑n-§‑n-\‑v D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p.

\‑n-t£-]-tX‑m-X‑v A-S‑n-Ø‑m-\ k‑u-I-c‑y h‑nI-k-\-¯‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n 11-þ‑m‑w ]-²-X‑n-b‑n h-I-b‑n-c‑p-¯‑n-b‑nc‑p-¶ 20,56,150 tI‑m-S‑n c‑q-]-b‑n 14,16,559 tI‑m-S‑n c‑q-] s]‑m-X‑p h‑nl‑n-X-h‑p‑w 6,19,591 tI‑m-S‑n c‑q-] k‑z-I‑m-c‑y \‑n-t£-]-h‑p-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p¶‑p. F-¶‑m k‑z-I‑m-c‑y \‑n-t£]-¯‑n 30 i-X-a‑m-\-¯‑n-sâb‑p‑w s]‑m-X‑p-h‑n-l‑n-X-¯‑n 20 i-X-a‑m-\-¯‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w I‑p-d-h‑pï‑m-b‑n. C-X‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n `‑m-c-XkÀ-¡‑mÀ te‑m-I-_‑m-¦‑n-s\-b‑p‑w sF.-F‑w.F-^‑n-s\-b‑p‑w k-a‑o]‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. A-k‑q-{X-W I-½‑oj-sâ A-`‑n-{]‑m-b-¯‑n 12-þ‑m‑w ]-©-hÂ-k-c ]-²-X‑n-b‑n AS‑n-Ø‑m-\ k‑u-I-c‑y h‑n-I-k-\¯‑n-\‑v B-h-i‑y-a‑p-Å \‑n-t£-]¯‑n 2017 h-sc 30 i-X-a‑m-\¯‑n-sâ I‑p-d-h‑v þ300 _‑n-e‑y³ A-ta-c‑n-¡³ tU‑m-fÀ þ D-ï‑mb‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-sh-¶‑m-W‑v. A-S‑nØ‑m-\ k‑u-I-c‑y-h‑n-I-k-\-^ï‑n-sâ C‑u I‑p-d-h‑v \‑n-I-¯‑p¶-X‑n-\‑v C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑nse DÂ-¸-¶-§Ä k-aÀ-°-a‑mb‑n D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. Z‑oÀ-L-I‑m-e t_‑m-ï‑p-IÄ (-k‑pI‑q-I‑v), a‑p-Z‑m-d-_ ^-ï‑v (Profit Loss Sharing), a‑p-i‑m-dI (Share and Equity Fund) X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h C-X‑n-s\‑m-c‑p \-à D-]‑m-[‑n-b‑m-b‑nc‑n-¡‑p‑w. {^‑m³-k‑v, C‑w-¥-ï‑v, PÀ½-\‑n a‑p-X-e‑m-b ]‑m-Ý‑m-X‑y c‑mP‑y-§-f‑p‑w a-te-j‑y, C³-tU‑mt\-j‑y a‑p-X-e‑m-b ]‑u-c-Ø‑y-c‑m-

\‑n-e-h‑n-e‑p-Å _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k-{¼-Z‑m-b‑w a‑p-k‑v e‑n‑wIÄ D-]-tb‑m-K-s¸-S‑p¯‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v F-¶-X‑v h‑mZ-¯‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n k-½-X‑n¡‑m-sa-¦‑n-e‑p‑w, l‑n-X-I-ca‑m-b a-sä‑m-c‑p _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k-{¼-Z‑m-b‑w e-`‑y-a-Ã‑m-¯X‑p-sI‑m-ï‑m-W‑v F-¶‑v A‑w-K‑o-I-c‑n-t¨ X‑o-c‑q 19

P‑y-§-f‑p‑w C-tX ]‑m-X ]‑n-´‑p-SÀ¶-X‑v X‑n-f-¡-a‑mÀ-¶ D-Z‑m-l-c-W§-f‑m-W‑v. a-[‑y-]‑u-c-Ø‑y tZ-i¯‑p \‑n-¶‑p-Å _‑r-l-X‑v \‑n-t£] k‑m-[‑y-X-IÄ, C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I k‑m-¼-X‑y i‑m-k‑v-{X-¯‑n-e‑q-¶‑n-b _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v c‑o-X‑n \‑m‑w A-h‑w-e‑w_‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑m-sW-¦‑n k-aÀ-°a‑m-b‑n {]-tb‑m-P-\-s¸-S‑p-¯‑m-h‑p¶-X‑m-W‑v.

C-´‑y-b‑n-se _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v L-S-\ k-¼‑qÀ-W-a‑m-b‑p‑w ]-e‑ni‑m-[‑n-j‑vT‑n-X-a‑m-W‑v C-´‑y-b‑nse _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k-{¼-Z‑m-b‑w. C‑u A-S‑n-Ø‑m-\-¯‑n {]-hÀ¯‑n-¡‑p-¶ 27 s]‑m-X‑p-ta-Je‑m _‑m-¦‑p-I-f‑p‑w 88 sj-U‑y‑qÄU‑v _‑m-¦‑p-I-f‑p‑w 31 k‑z-I‑mc‑y _‑m-¦‑p-I-f‑p‑w (C‑u h‑n-`‑m-K¯‑n kÀ-¡‑mÀ H‑m-l-c‑n a‑qe-[-\-a-Ã‑m-¯, A-X‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v tÌ‑m-¡‑v F-I‑v-k‑v-tN-©‑p-I-f‑nÂþ-H‑m-l-c‑n-¡-t¼‑m-f‑w-þ-e‑n-Ì‑v sNb‑v-X‑v k‑z-X-{´-a‑m-b‑n h‑n-\‑n-a-b‑w sN-¿‑m-h‑p-¶ H‑m-l-c‑n-I-f‑n \‑n-e-\‑nÂ-¡‑p-¶-h-b‑p-a‑m-W‑v), 38 h‑n-tZ-i-_‑m-¦‑p-I-f‑p‑w B-W‑v C-´‑y-b‑n-se _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v h‑y-hØ‑n-X‑n- ssI-I‑m-c‑y‑w sN-¿‑p-¶X‑v. F-Ã‑m h‑n-`‑m-K-¯‑n-\‑p‑w I‑q-S‑n 53000 i‑m-J-I-f‑p‑w, 17000 F-S‑nF-½‑p-I-f‑p-a‑p-ï‑v. sj-U‑y‑qÄ-U‑v _‑m-¦‑p-I-f‑p-sS 67000 i‑m-J-I-f‑pï‑v C-´‑y-b‑nÂ. F-¶‑m F-¨‑v.F-k‑v.-_‑n.k‑n, Ì‑m³-tUÀ-U‑v N‑mÀ-t«À-U‑v _‑m-¦‑v, k‑n-ä‑n _‑m-¦‑v X‑p-S-§‑n-b h‑n-tZ-i-_‑m-¦‑p-IÄ¡‑v ]-Ý‑n-ta-j‑y³ c‑m-P‑y-§-f‑ne‑p‑w b‑q-td‑m-¸‑v A-ta-c‑n-¡ a‑p-Xe‑m-b c‑m-P‑y-§-f‑n-e‑p‑w ]-e‑n-i-cl‑n-X- h‑n-`‑m-K-§Ä h‑n-P-b-I-ca‑m-b‑n {]-hÀ-¯‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v. `‑mc-X-kÀ-¡‑mÀ A-\‑p-h-Z‑n-¡‑p-¶ ]-£‑w C-´‑y-b‑n-se F-Ã‑m _‑m-¦‑p-IÄ-¡‑p‑w C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I k-¼-X‑v h‑y-h-Ø-b‑n-e-[‑n-j‑vT‑n-Xa‑m-b _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v h‑n-`‑m-K‑w {]-hÀ¯-\-£-a-a‑m-¡‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v.

C-´‑y-b‑n-se ]‑p-X‑n-b I‑mÂ-sh-¸‑p-IÄ (F) d‑n-kÀ-h‑v _‑m-¦‑n-sâ ] T-\ k-a‑n-X‑n d‑n-t¸‑mÀ-«‑v

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

2005þ tI-{µ kÀ-¡‑md‑n-sâ \‑nÀ-tZ-i‑m-\‑p-k-c-W‑w, C-´‑y-b‑n C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑nM‑n-sâ k‑m-[‑y-X-IÄ ]T‑n-¡‑ph‑m³ d‑n-kÀh‑v _‑m-¦‑v H-c‑p ] T-\ k‑w-L-s¯ \‑n-tb‑m-K‑n¡‑p-I-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑n. C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑n {]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡-s¸S‑p-¶ k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I k-t¦-X-§sf k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨ IÀ-a-k-a‑n-X‑nb‑p-sS ]T-\‑w F-¶ t]-c‑n 51 t]-P‑p-I-f‑p-Å H-c‑p d‑n-t¸‑mÀ«‑v d‑n-kÀ-h‑v _‑m-¦‑n-sâ H‑m-¸-tdj³-k‑v h‑n-`‑m-K‑w 2006þ X-s¶ A-X‑n-sâ a‑p‑w-ss_ tI-{µ H‑m^‑o-k‑n k-aÀ-¸‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. d‑nkÀ-h‑v _‑m-¦‑n-sâ F-I‑v-k‑n-I‑y‑q«‑o-h‑v U-b-d-I‑v-SÀ {i‑o. B-\-µ‑v k‑n³-l-b‑m-W‑v C‑u ]T-\ k‑wL-s¯ \-b‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶-X‑v. C-k‑ve‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑n-\‑v h‑n-h‑n-[ c‑oX‑n-b‑n-e‑p-Å k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I C-S-]‑mS‑p-IÄ k‑m-[‑y-a‑m-sW-¶‑p‑w C-hb‑n-se-Ã‑m‑w X-s¶ k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I k-l‑m-b‑w k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-c‑psS h‑y-h-k‑m-b h‑m-W‑n-P‑y-{]-hÀ¯-\-§-f‑n _‑m-¦‑v H-c‑p I-£‑nb‑m-b‑n tN-tc-ï-X‑m-sW-¶‑p‑w k-a‑n-X‑n \‑n-c‑o-£‑n-¨‑p. A-Y-h‑m, _‑m-¦‑p I‑q-S‑n a‑q-e-[-\- \‑n-t£-]¯‑n ]-¦‑m-f‑n-b‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k-{¼Z‑m-b-‑w F-¶‑p‑w k‑m-{¼-Z‑m-b‑n-I _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v h‑y-h-Ø-b‑n \‑n-¶‑v X‑p-te‑m‑w h‑y-X‑y-k‑v-X-a‑m-sW-¶‑p‑w A-X‑v \‑n-c‑o-£‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. A-X‑psI‑m-ï‑p-X-s¶ C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑n-se ]-e k-t¦-X-§f‑p‑w \‑n-e-h‑n-se C-´‑y³ _‑m-¦‑nM‑v h‑y-h-Ø-b‑n {]-tb‑m-K-£a-a‑m-¡‑m³ I-g‑n-b‑p-¶‑n-à F-¶‑p‑w I-sï-¯‑n. F-¶‑m PÀ-a-\‑n, C‑w-¥-ï‑v, C-ä-e‑n X‑p-S-§‑n-b c‑mP‑y-§-f‑n-te-X‑p t]‑m-se Parlimentary regulatory change sI‑mï‑p h-¶‑m \‑n-j‑v-{]-b‑m-k‑w C-´‑y-b‑n C-X‑n-\‑p-Å X-S-Ê‑w \‑o-¡‑m³ I-g‑n-b‑p‑w. (_‑n) c-L‑p-c‑m-P³ I-½‑n-ä‑n d‑n-t¸‑mÀ-«‑v k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I c‑w-K-¯‑v Bh-i‑y-a‑m-b ]-c‑n-j‑v-I-c-W-§-sf ]-ä‑n ]T‑n-¡‑p-h‑m³ tI-{µ-K-h¬saâ‑v H-c‑p D-¶-X‑m-[‑n-I‑m-c I-½‑nä‑n-sb 2008þ \‑n-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-Ib‑p-ï‑m-b‑n. k‑n.-F-^‑v.-F-k‑v.-BÀ (I-½‑n-ä‑n H‑m¬ ^‑n-\‑m³-j‑y sk-I‑v-SÀ d‑n-t^‑m‑w-k‑v) F-¶

N‑n-e [-\-I‑m-c‑y-Ø‑m-]\-§-f‑p‑w _‑m-¦‑p-I-f‑p‑w C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v X-¯‑z-§Ä-¡-S‑n-Ø‑m-\a‑m-b‑n hÀ-¯‑n-¡‑p-¶‑psï-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-h-sb‑ms¡-b‑p‑w _‑m-¦‑n-t§X-c [-\-I‑m-c‑y-Ø‑m-]\-§-f‑m-b‑m-W‑v I-c‑p-X‑n t]‑m-c‑p-¶-X‑v. A-X‑psI‑m-ï‑p X-s¶ A-hb‑v-¡‑v G-sd ]-c‑n-a‑n-X‑n-If‑p-ï‑v t]-c‑n C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑nsâ C-´‑y-b‑n-se k‑m-[‑y-X‑m-]T-\-¯‑n-\‑v-I‑q-S‑n D‑u-¶Â sI‑mS‑p-¯ C‑u k-a‑n-X‑n-sb \-b‑n-¨-X‑v

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

20

A-´‑m-c‑m-j‑v-{S k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I \‑n[‑n (sF-F‑w-F-^‑v) b‑p-sS a‑pJ‑y-[-\-I‑m-c‑y h‑n-Z-K‑v-²-\‑p‑w tI{µ [-\-I‑m-c‑y a-{´‑m-e-b-¯‑n-sâ a‑p-J‑y D-]-tZ-j‑v-S‑m-h‑p-a‑m-b {i‑o c-L‑p-c‑m‑w c‑m-P‑p B-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. Ck‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k-{¼-Z‑mb‑w C-´‑y-b‑n A-\‑p-h-Z‑n-¡-Wsa-¶‑v C‑u I-½‑n-ä‑n \‑nÀ-tZ-i‑n¨‑p. \-½‑p-sS a‑p³ {]-[‑m-\ a-{´‑n tU‑m. a³-ta‑m-l³-k‑n‑w-K‑v c-L‑pd‑m‑w c‑m-P‑p-h‑n-s\ 2013-þ d‑n-kÀh‑v _‑m-¦‑v K-hÀ-W-d‑m-b‑n \‑n-b-a‑n¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. F-¶‑m {i‑o-c‑m-P‑p-h‑n-sâ a‑p³-K‑m-a‑n-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶ tU‑m. k‑pº-d‑m-h‑p B-I-s« \‑n-e-h‑n-e‑p-Å N‑n-e N-«-§-f‑p-sS-b‑p‑w \‑n-b-a-§f‑p-sS-b‑p‑w \‑q-e‑m-a‑m-e-IÄ N‑q-ï‑n¡‑m-«‑n C-´‑y-b‑n C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v A-\‑p-h-Z‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n\‑v h‑n-c‑p-²‑m-`‑n-{]‑m-b‑w tc-J-s¸S‑p-¯‑p-I-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑n. c-L‑p-d‑m‑w I-½‑n-ä‑n d‑n-t¸‑mÀ-«‑v A-X‑n-\‑mÂ

X-s¶ A-{]-tb‑m-K‑n-I-sa-¶‑v X‑oc‑p-a‑m-\‑n-¨‑v X-Å‑n-I-f-b‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X‑p. tU‑m. k‑p-º-d‑m-h‑ph‑n-sâ \‑nÀ-tZ-i‑w ]‑n-´‑p-SÀ-¶‑v A-¶-s¯ tI-{µ-K-h¬-saâ‑p‑w k-Z‑r-i-a‑m-b \‑n-e-]‑m-S‑v k‑z‑o-Ic‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑m-W‑p-ï‑m-b-X‑v. A-X‑n\‑m 2013þ d‑n-kÀ-h‑v _‑m-¦‑v K-hÀ-W-d‑m-b‑n \‑n-b-a‑n-X-\‑m-sb¦‑n-e‑p‑w c-L‑p-d‑m‑w c‑m-P‑p-h‑n-\‑v C-¡‑m-c‑y-¯‑n {I‑n-b‑m-ß-I-a‑mb \‑n-e-]‑m-S‑v F-S‑p-¡‑p-h‑m³ Ig‑n-ª‑n-Ã. C-X‑v k‑w-_-Ô-a‑m-b‑n F-S‑p-¯‑v ]-d-b-¯-¡ C-S-s]S \-S-¯‑n-b-X‑v h‑n-F-k‑v a‑p-J‑ya--{´‑n-b‑m-b tI-c-f kÀ-¡‑m-c‑mW‑v. a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w h‑y-à‑n \‑n-b-a‑m\‑p-hÀ-¯‑n-b‑m-b H-c‑p [-\-I‑m-c‑y Ø‑m-]-\‑w c‑q-]‑o-I-c‑n-¨‑p-sh-¦‑ne‑p‑w d‑n-kÀ-h‑v _‑m-¦‑n-sâ A-\‑p-aX‑n e-`‑n-¡‑m-¯-X‑n-\‑m A-X‑n-\‑v a‑p-t¶‑m-«‑p t]‑m-I‑m³ k‑m-[‑n-¨‑nsÃ-¶‑p a‑m-{X‑w. [\Im-cy a{´n tXmakv sFkIv Cu hn-j-b-

¯n G-sd ]T-\w \-S-¯n-bn«pïv. (k‑n) 2013þ d‑n-kÀ-h‑v _‑m-¦‑v tI-c-f-¯‑n H-c‑p F³._‑n.-F-^‑v.k‑n (tl‑m¬ _‑m-¦‑nM‑v ^‑n-\‑m³-k‑v I-¼-\‑n) B-c‑w`‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑v A-\‑p-a-X‑n \Â-I‑pI-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑n. a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w h‑y-à‑n\‑n-b-a-k‑u-l‑r-Z-a‑m-b c‑o-X‑n-b‑n {]-hÀ-¯-\‑m-\‑p-a-X‑n \Â-I‑n-b C‑u \-S-]-S‑n d‑n-kÀ-h‑v _‑m-¦‑n-sâ C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v h‑y-hØ-¡-\‑p-I‑q-e-a‑m-b \‑o-¡-a‑m-b‑n X-s¶ h‑n-e-b‑n-c‑p-¯-s¸-tS-ïX‑p-ï‑v. tN-c-a‑m³ ^‑n-\‑m³-j‑y kÀ-h‑o-k-k‑v F-¶ t]-c‑n 1000 tI‑m-S‑n c‑q-] H‑m-l-c‑n a‑q-e-[-\t¯‑m-sS B-c‑w-`‑n-¡‑p-¶ C‑u ]-²-X‑n-b‑n 11 i-X-a‑m-\‑w H‑ml-c‑n tI-c-f k‑w-Ø‑m-\ h‑y-hk‑m-b h‑n-I-k-\ tI‑mÀ-¸-td-j³ (sI.-F-k‑v.-sF.-U‑n.-U‑n) a‑p-S¡‑p-¶-X‑p‑w _‑m-¡‑n k‑z-I‑m-c‑y \‑n-t£-]-a‑m-b‑n k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-

X‑p-a‑m-W‑v. (U‑n) 2012þ tZ-i‑o-b \‑y‑q-\]-£ I-½‑o-j³ sN-bÀ-a‑m³ hP‑m-l-X‑v l-_‑o-_‑p-à tI-{µ [-\-I‑m-c‑y h-I‑p-¸‑n-s\-X‑n-sc k‑p{]‑o‑w tI‑m-S-X‑n-b‑n C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑nI‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n tI-k‑v ^-b sN-b‑v-X-X‑v C‑u c‑w-K-¯‑v {]-hÀ-¯‑n-¡‑p-¶-hÀ-¡‑v h-e‑n-b D-WÀ-h‑v \Â-I‑n-b‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. C-t¸‑mÄ N‑n-e [-\-I‑m-c‑yØ‑m-]-\-§-f‑p‑w _‑m-¦‑p-I-f‑p‑w C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v X-¯‑z§Ä-¡-S‑n-Ø‑m-\-a‑m-b‑n hÀ-¯‑n¡‑p-¶‑p-sï-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-h-sb‑ms¡-b‑p‑w _‑m-¦‑n-t§-X-c [-\-I‑mc‑y-Ø‑m-]-\-§-f‑m-b‑m-W‑v I-c‑pX‑n t]‑m-c‑p-¶-X‑v. A-X‑p-sI‑m-ï‑p X-s¶ A-h-b‑v-¡‑v G-sd ]-c‑n-a‑nX‑n-I-f‑p-ï‑v. N‑n-e-X‑p k‑q-N‑n-¸‑n¡‑m‑w. 1. \‑n-t£-]-§Ä B-h-i‑ys¸-S‑m-t\‑m k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑m-t\‑m (k‑m-{¼-Z‑m-b‑n-I tk-h‑n-M‑v-k‑v _‑m-¦‑v/ I-dâ‑v A-¡‑u-ï‑p-IÄ t]‑m-se) k‑m-[‑y-a-Ã. 2. \‑n-e-h‑n-e‑p-Å _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k-{¼-Z‑m-b-¯‑n-se \-S-¸‑p c‑o-X‑nIÄ-¡-\‑p-k‑r-X-a‑m-b‑n {]-hÀ-¯‑n¡‑m³ k‑m-[‑n-¡‑m-¯-X‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v C-¯-c‑w Ø‑m-]-\-§Ä-¡‑v sN¡‑v, U‑n-a‑mâ‑v {U‑m-^‑v-ä‑v a‑p-X-e‑m-b [-\-h‑n-\‑n-a-tb‑m-]-I‑m-c-§Ä \ÂI‑m³ I-g‑n-b‑n-Ã. 3. F³._‑n.F-^‑v.k‑n-IÄ¡‑v \‑n-t£-] C³-j‑z-d³-k‑p‑w E-W _‑m-[‑y-X k‑w-c-£-W-h‑p‑w e-`‑y-a‑m-¡‑m³ I-g‑n-b‑n-Ã.

C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-§‑n-\‑p-Å X-S-Ê-§Ä F. \‑n-b-a ]-c-a‑m-b X-S-椀 1. C-´‑y-b‑n-se _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k-{¼-Z‑m-b‑w c‑q-]-s¸-S‑p-¯‑n-b‑nc‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v 1949þ-se _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v I-¼-\‑o-k‑v B-I‑v-S‑v 1934þ-se d‑nkÀ-h‑v _‑m-¦‑v H‑m-^‑v C-´‑y‑m BI‑v-S‑v, 1881þ-se s\-tK‑m-j‑y-k‑vÄ C³-k‑v-{S‑p-sa³-k‑v B-I‑v-S‑v, 1961þse tI‑m H‑m-]-td-ä‑o-h‑v sk‑mssk-ä‑o-k‑v B-I‑v-S‑v F-¶‑n-h {]-I‑m-c-a‑m-W‑v. C‑u \‑n-b-a-§-f\‑p-k-c‑n-¨‑v ]-e‑n-i-c-l‑n-X _‑m-¦‑nM‑v k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-\-¯‑n-\‑v k‑m-[‑y-Xb‑n-Ã; A-¯-c‑w k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-\-¯‑n-

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\‑v H-c‑p C-S-h‑p‑w A-\‑p-h-Z‑n-¡‑p¶‑p-a‑n-Ã. 2. 1949þ-se C-´‑y³ _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v I-¼-\‑o-k‑v B-I‑v-S‑nse 5(_‑n), 5 (k‑n) h-I‑p-¸‑pIÄ {]-I‑m-c‑w _‑m-¦‑p-IÄ e‑m-` \-j‑v-S h‑n-l‑n-X h‑y-h-Ø-b‑n \‑n-t£-]‑w k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑p‑w \-S-¯‑p-¶-X‑p‑w \‑n-tc‑m-[‑n-¡-s¸«‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. S‑n B-I‑v-S‑n-se 8þ‑m‑w h-I‑p-¸‑v {]-I‑m-c‑w H-c‑p _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v Ø‑m-]-\-h‑p‑w {]-X‑y-£-a‑m-tb‑m ]-tc‑m-£-a‑m-tb‑m Ø‑m-h-c-P‑w-Ka-§Ä h‑m-§‑p-I, h‑nÂ-¡‑p-I, h-k‑v-X‑p-¡Ä-¡‑v ]-I-c‑w h-k‑v-X‑p¡Ä ssI-a‑m-ä‑w sN-¿‑p-I C-hsb‑m-s¡-b‑p‑w \‑n-tc‑m-[‑n-¡-s¸-«‑nc‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. 3. S‑n B-I‑v-S‑v 9þ‑m‑w h-I‑p-¸‑v {]-I‑m-c‑w k‑z-I‑m-c‑y B-h-i‑y-¯‑n\-Ã‑m-sX H-c‑mÄ-¡‑p‑w Ø‑m-hc k‑z-¯‑v D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-h‑m³ A-\‑p-h-Z‑n-¡‑p-¶‑n-Ã, C-X‑v C-k‑ve‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-§‑n-se C-P‑m-d (]‑m-«-h‑y-h-Ø) F-¶ c‑o-X‑n-¡‑v h‑n-c‑p-²-a‑m-W‑v. 4. S‑n B-I‑v-S‑v 21-þ‑m‑w h-I‑p-¸‑v {]-I‑m-c‑w \‑n-t£-]-§Ä-¡‑v ]-e‑ni sI‑m-S‑p-¡Â A-\‑n-h‑m-c‑y-a‑mW‑v. C-X‑v C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v e-£‑y-¯‑n-\‑v h‑n-c‑p-²-a‑m-W‑v. 5. 1934þ-se d‑n-kÀh-‑v _‑m-¦‑v B-I‑v-S‑n-sâ h-I‑p-¸‑v 17 {]-I‑m-ch‑p‑w 1949þ-se _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v I-¼-\‑ok‑v B-I‑v-S‑n-sâ sk-£³ 24 {]-I‑m-c-h‑p‑w _‑m-¦‑p-IÄ k‑z‑o-Ic‑n-¡‑p-¶ \‑n-t£-]-§-f‑p-sS \‑nÝ‑n-X h‑n-l‑n-X‑w kÀ-¡‑m-c‑n-sâb‑p‑w s]‑m-X‑p-ta-J-e-b‑n-se-b‑p‑w I-S-]-{X-§-f‑n \‑n-t£-]‑n-¨‑nc‑n-¡-W‑w. C‑u \‑n-t£-]-§Ä \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-b‑p‑w ]-e‑n-i k‑z‑o-Ic‑n-t¡-ï-h-b‑m-W‑v. A-X‑m-b-X‑v H‑m-tc‑m _‑m-¦‑p‑w I-c‑p-X [-\ \‑n-t£-] A-\‑p-]‑m-X-h‑p‑w \‑n-ab‑m-\‑p-k‑r-X-a‑p-Å k-©‑n-X-[\‑m-\‑p-]‑m-X-h‑p‑w (Cash Reserve Ratio and Stationary Liquidiity Ratio) \‑n-e-\‑nÀ-t¯-ï-X‑p-ï‑v.

F-¶‑m C-k‑ve‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑nM‑n a‑q-e-[-\ \‑n-t£-] k‑z-`‑mh-a‑p-Å F-¡‑u-ï‑p-IÄ D-ï‑mb‑n-c‑n-t¡-ï‑n h-c‑p-¶-X‑p sI‑m-ï‑v taÂ-]-d-ª k‑n.-BÀ-, BÀ, Fk‑v.-FÂ.-BÀ a‑p-X-e‑m-b A-\‑p]‑m-X-§Ä \‑n-e-\‑n-d‑p-¯‑m³ _‑p-²‑n-a‑p-«‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w. I‑m-c-W‑w \‑n-t£-]-§Ä ]‑qÀ-W-a‑m-b‑p‑w

Ø‑m-h-c-k‑z-¯‑p-¡-f‑n-te‑m a‑qe-[-\ \‑n-t£-] k‑w-c‑w-`-§-f‑nte‑m \‑n-t£-]‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑m-W-tÃ‑m. _‑n. I-S-§-tf‑m-S‑p‑w H‑m-l-c‑n ^-ï‑p-I-tf‑m-S‑p-a‑p-Å h‑n-th-N-\‑m ]‑qÀ-W-a‑m-b k-a‑o-]-\‑w e‑m-`-\-j‑v-S-§-sf k-´‑p-e‑nX-a‑m-b‑n ]-¦‑p-h-b‑v-¡‑p-¶ h‑y-hØ-b‑n hÀ-¯‑n-¡‑p-¶ C-k‑ve‑m-a‑n-I _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k-{¼-Z‑m-b¯‑n e‑m-` \-j‑v-S-]-¦‑m-f‑n-¯ h‑y-h-Ø-b‑n \‑n-t£-§Ä D-]tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑m-W‑v sN-¿‑p-¶-X‑v. F-¶‑m k‑m-{¼-Z‑m-b‑n-I c‑o-X‑n A-\‑p-k-c‑n-¨‑v e‑m-`-¯‑n-t·Â BZ‑m-b \‑n-I‑p-X‑n N‑p-a-¯‑p-I-b‑p‑w a‑q-e-[-\ h‑y-h-Ø-b‑n-t·Â C‑uS‑m-¡-s¸-S‑p-¶ ]-e‑n-i-sb B-Z‑mb \‑n-I‑p-X‑n-b‑n \‑n-¶‑p‑w H-g‑n-h‑m¡‑p-I-b‑p-a‑m-W‑v sN-¿‑p-¶-X‑v. C‑u k-{¼-Z‑m-b‑w C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑nM‑n-\‑v A-\‑p-I‑q-e-a-Ã. B-Z‑m-b \‑n-I‑p-X‑n C‑u-b‑n-sS 20 i-X-a‑m-\¯‑n \‑n-¶‑p 30 i-X-a‑m-\-a‑m-b‑n hÀ-[‑n-¸‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v.

¯‑n C-¯-c‑w I‑r-{X‑n-a-§Ä I-ï‑p-]‑n-S‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p‑w X-S-b‑p¶-X‑n-\‑p‑w H‑m-tc‑m _‑m-¦‑n-e‑p‑w k‑q-£‑v-a \‑n-c‑o-£-I-c‑p-ï‑m-b‑n-c‑n¡‑p‑w. U‑n. h‑m-b‑v-]‑m tb‑m-K‑y-X: k-{¼-Z‑m-b‑n-I _‑m-¦‑p-If‑n C-S-]‑m-S‑p-I‑m-c‑p-sS h‑m-b‑v-] \Â-I-s¸-S‑p-h‑m-\‑p-Å tb‑m-K‑yX D-d-¸‑p h-c‑p-¯‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑v h‑nh‑n-[ k‑w-L-§-sf \‑n-tb‑m-K‑n¡‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v. C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I k‑m-¼¯‑n-I k‑w-c‑w-`-§-f‑n A-¯c‑w G-P³-k‑n-I-sf C-´‑y-b‑n \‑n-tb‑m-K‑n-¨‑p-I‑m-W‑m-d‑n-Ã. C. k‑p-X‑m-c‑y-X: a-tä-sX‑m-c‑p k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-\-¯‑ne‑p-sa-¶ t]‑m-se C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑n-e‑p‑w _-Ô-s¸-« h‑mW‑n-P‑y h‑y-h-k‑m-b k‑w-c‑w-`-§f‑n-se {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f‑p-sS k‑pX‑m-c‑y-X-b‑n-e‑p‑w B-[‑n-I‑m-c‑n-I-X A-\‑n-h‑m-c‑y-a‑m-W‑v. h‑y-h-Ø‑m-]‑nX I-W-¡‑v k‑q-£‑n-¸‑v c‑o-X‑n, tcJ-I-f‑p-sS-b‑p‑w {]-a‑m-W-§-f‑p-sS-

k‑n. a‑p-Z‑m-d-_ k-{¼-Z‑m-b¯‑n h‑y-h-k‑m-b-¯‑n-se \-j‑vS‑w a‑q-e-[-\ \‑n-t£-]-¯‑n \‑n-¶‑p‑w I‑p-d-b‑v-¡‑p-¶-X‑p a‑q-e‑w \‑n-t£-]-I-\‑v a‑p-S-¡‑p-a‑p-X \-j‑v-S‑w h-c‑p-¯‑p-¶‑p. I‑q-S‑m-sX e‑m-` h‑n-l‑n-X‑w I‑p-d-b‑v-¡‑p-¶-X‑n\‑v th-ï‑n k‑w-c‑w-`-I³ sX-ä‑m-b I-W-¡‑p-IÄ \Â-I‑n-tb-¡‑p-sa¶‑p I-c‑p-X-s¸-S‑p-¶‑p. C-¯-c‑w I‑r-{X‑n-a-§Ä X-S-b‑m-\‑p-Å h‑yh-Ø‑m-]‑n-X c‑o-X‑n-IÄ C-´‑yb‑n k‑p-e-`-a-Ã-X‑m-\‑p‑w. C-k‑ve‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v k-{¼-Z‑m-b-

b‑p‑w k‑q-£‑n-¸‑p-a‑m-b‑n _-Ô-s¸«-ta-J-e-I-f‑n ]-c‑n-i‑o-e-\‑w k‑n-²‑n-¨ tP‑m-e‑n-¡‑mÀ, k‑m-¼¯‑n-I ssh-Z-K‑v-[‑y‑w, i‑m-k‑v-{X‑ob-h‑p‑w A-\‑p-{I-a-I-h‑p-a‑m-b h-ch‑v sN-e-h‑v I-W-¡‑p-I-f‑p‑w h‑mÀj‑n-I d‑n-t¸‑mÀ-«‑p-I-f‑p‑w, e‑m-`-h‑nX-c-W-¯‑n-se k‑p-X‑m-c‑y-X-b‑p‑w k-X‑y-k-Ô-X-b‑p‑w, \‑n-e-h‑n-se \‑n-b-a-h‑m-g‑v-N-tb‑m-S‑p‑w k-{¼-Z‑m-b§-tf‑m-S‑p-a‑p-Å h‑n-t[-b-X‑z‑w, Ck‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I i-c‑o-A-¯‑n-t\‑m-S‑p-Å I‑q-d‑p‑w h‑n-t[-b-X‑z-h‑p‑w F-Ã‑m‑w \‑n-t£-]-IÀ-¡‑v C‑u k-{¼-Z‑m-b-

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

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cLpdmw cmP³

¯‑n h‑n-i‑z‑m-k-h‑p‑w A-`‑n-\‑n-thi-h‑p‑w D-ï‑m-¡‑m³ A-\‑n-h‑m-c‑ya‑m-W‑v. \‑nÀ-`‑m-K‑y-I-c-sa-¶‑v ]-d-bs«, C‑u ]-d-b-s¸-« I‑m-c‑y-§-f‑nse‑m-¶‑p‑w `‑m-c-X kÀ-¡‑mÀ \‑n-b{´-W k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-\-§-sf‑m-¶‑p‑w X-s¶ GÀ-s¸-S‑p-¯‑n-b‑n-«‑n-Ã.

]-c‑n-l‑m-c a‑mÀ-K-§Ä te‑m-I-¯‑v 48þ-H‑m-f‑w c‑m-P‑y§-f‑n G-I-tZ-i‑w ]‑qÀ-W-a‑m-b c‑o-X‑n-b‑n-e‑p‑w 30þ-H‑m-f‑w c‑m-P‑y-§f‑n `‑m-K‑n-I-a‑m-b‑p‑w C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑nI‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v \-S-¸‑n-e‑m-b‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. C-X‑n PÀ-a-\‑n, C‑w-¥-ï‑v, eI‑v-k‑w-_À-K‑v, H‑m-k‑v-{S‑n-b X‑p-S§‑n-b 20þ-H‑m-f‑w A-a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w c‑mP‑y-§-f‑m-sW-¶‑p‑w a-\-Ê‑n-e‑m¡-W‑w. C-h‑n-sS F-Ã‑m‑w a‑p-¼‑v k‑q-N‑n-¸‑n-¨-X‑p t]‑m-se \‑n-b-a-]c-a‑m-b {]-i‑v-\-§Ä (Regulaotry Problems) \‑n-e-\‑nÂ-¡‑p-¶‑pï‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p-sh-¦‑n-e‑p‑w C-k‑v-e‑ma‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v \-S-¸‑n-e‑m-¡‑m³ B-h-i‑y-a‑m-b \‑n-b-a \‑nÀ-a‑m-W§-f‑p‑w \‑n-b-a t`-Z-K-X‑n-I-f‑p‑w X‑z-c‑n-X-s¸-S‑p-¯‑n {]-i‑v-\ ]-c‑nl‑m-c‑w I‑m-W‑p-I-b‑m-W‑p-ï‑m-bX‑v. C-tX a‑mÀ-K‑w A-h‑w-e‑w-_‑n¨‑m C-´‑y-b‑n-e‑p‑w C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑nI‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑n-\‑p-Å a‑p-J‑y {]-X‑n_-Ô-a‑m-b \‑n-b-a {]-i‑v-\-§Ä ]-c‑n-l-c‑n-¡‑m-h‑p-¶-tX-b‑p-Å‑q. C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑v \-S-¸‑n h-c‑p-¯‑p-¶ I‑m-c‑y¯‑n ta ]-d-ª X-S-Ê-§sf‑m-s¡-b‑p‑w C-´‑y-b‑n-e‑p‑w h‑ntZ-i-¯‑p-a‑p-Å C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I k‑m¼-X‑y-i‑m-k‑v-{X-I‑m-c-·‑m-c‑p-sS-sbÃ‑m‑w DÂ-¡-W‑vT-¡‑v h‑n-j-b‑o-`h‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. C-Ñ‑m-i-à‑n-b‑p-Å‑n-St¯ a‑mÀ-K-§Ä X‑p-d-¶‑p I‑n-«‑p-

tUm. Sn-Fw tXmakv sFkIv

I-b‑p-Å‑q F-¶‑m-W-tÃ‑m. F-¶‑nc‑p-¶‑m-e‑p‑w C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑nM‑v F-¶ B-i-b‑w A-[‑n-I‑m-c‑n hÀ-K-¯‑n-\‑p a‑p-¼‑n I‑m-c‑y-£a-a‑m-b‑n F-§-s\ A-h-X-c‑n-¸‑n-¡W-sa-¶-X‑m-W‑v \‑nÀ-W‑m-b-I-a‑m-

e‑m-`-\-j‑v-S-§-sf k-´‑p-e‑n-X-a‑m-b‑n ]-¦‑ph-b‑v-¡‑p-¶ h‑y-h-Øb‑n hÀ-¯‑n-¡‑p-¶ C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-Iv _‑m-¦‑nM‑v k-{¼-Z‑m-b-¯‑n e‑m-` \-j‑v-S-]-¦‑m-f‑n-¯ h‑y-h-Ø-b‑n \‑n-t£§Ä D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑pI-b‑m-W‑v sN-¿‑p-¶-X‑v b {]-i‑v-\‑w. P-\‑m-[‑n-]-X‑y-c‑m-P‑ysa-¶ \‑n-e-b‑n C-X‑v C-h‑n-sS \-S-¸‑m-¡‑p-¶-]-£‑w X‑m-a-k‑w h‑n\‑m A-X‑n-\‑p s]‑m-X‑p-h‑m-b k‑z‑oI‑m-c‑y-X te‑m-I‑w a‑p-g‑p-h³ e-`‑nt¨-¡‑m‑w. H-c‑p ]-t£, C-¶‑v AX‑v a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w-IÄ-¡‑v a‑m-{X‑w Bh-i‑y-a‑p-Å H-c‑p k‑w-K-X‑n F-¶‑mW‑v I-c‑p-X-s¸-S‑p-¶-sX-¦‑n-e‑p‑w, b-Y‑mÀ-°-¯‑n C-´‑y-b‑n-se P-\-k‑m-a‑m-\‑y-¯‑n-\‑v A-\‑p-{Kl-a‑m-b‑n `-h‑n-t¨-¡‑p‑w. A-X‑n-\‑v s]‑m-X‑p-k-a‑q-l-¯‑n-\‑v a‑p-¶‑n C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I k‑m-¼-¯‑n-I i‑mk‑v-{X-s¯ k-h‑n-k‑v-X-c‑w ]-c‑n-Nb-s¸-S‑p-t¯-ï‑n-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. Gä-h‑p‑w {]-tb‑m-K-£-a-h‑p‑w k‑p-`-{Zh‑p‑w k‑m-a‑q-l‑y \‑o-X‑n-¡‑v D-X-I‑p¶-X‑p-a‑m-b H-c‑p k-\‑m-X-\ h‑y-

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h-Ø‑n-X‑n C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I k‑m-¼¯‑n-I i‑m-k‑v-{X-a‑m-sW-¶‑v sXf‑n-b‑n-¡‑m³, C-X‑v {]-tb‑m-K-h¡-c‑n-¨‑v h‑n-P-b‑n-¨ c‑m-P‑y-§-f‑p-sS D-Z‑m-l-c-W-§Ä k-h‑n-k‑v-X-c‑w \‑n-c-¯-W‑w. A-§-s\ a‑m-{X-ta C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑n-sâ h‑n]‑p-e-a‑m-b k‑m-[‑y-X C-´‑y-¡‑v D]-b‑p-à-a‑m-¡‑m³ I-g‑n-b‑p-I-b‑pÅ‑q. C-´‑y-b‑p-sS k‑p-Z‑r-V-a‑m-b P-\‑m-[‑n-]-X‑y-`‑q-a‑n-I-b‑n \‑n-¶‑psI‑m-ï‑v X-s¶ ]‑p-X‑n-b \-b-]c‑n-]‑m-S‑n-I-f‑p-sS X-W-e‑n C-k‑ve‑m-a‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑n-M‑n-\‑v A-\‑p-I‑q-ea‑m-b ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n-b‑p‑w P‑o-h-\‑p‑w D‑u-¶-e‑p‑w e-`‑n-t¨-¡‑p‑w. h‑n-tZ-i¯‑v {]-hÀ-¯‑n-¡‑p-¶ C-k‑v-e‑ma‑n-I‑v _‑m-¦‑p-I-f‑p-sS k-l-I-c-Wt¯‑m-sS-tb‑m A-Ã‑m-sX-tb‑m AX‑v \‑n-e-h‑n h-c‑p-¯‑p-h‑m-\‑p-Å {i-a‑w kÀ-h‑m-ß-\‑m B-c‑w-`‑nt¡-ï‑n-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-. \-½‑p-sS k-X‑z-c-{i-² A-S‑nb-´-c-a‑m-b‑n ]-X‑n-tb-ï a-sä‑mc‑p k‑w-K-X‑n-, C‑u k‑w-c‑w-`-s¯ X‑n-I-¨‑p‑w C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I-a‑m-b‑n h‑ne-b‑n-c‑p-¯‑p-h‑m-\‑p‑w {]-tb‑m-K£-a-X ]-c‑n-ti‑m-[‑n-¨‑v D-d-¸‑p-hc‑p-¯‑p-h‑m-\‑p-a‑p-Å H-c‑p C-k‑v-e‑ma‑n-I‑v sd-b‑v-ä‑n-M‑v G-P³-k‑n-sb \‑n-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-I F-¶-X‑m-W‑v. C‑u h‑y-h-Ø‑n-X‑n-s¡-X‑n-sc-b‑pÅ \‑n-£‑n-]‑v-X X‑mÂ-]-c‑y-¡‑msc H-g‑n-h‑m-¡‑m³ C-X‑v a‑m-{X-a‑mW‑v a‑mÀ-K‑w. A-]-I‑oÀ-¯‑n-s¸S‑p-¯‑m-\‑p‑w \‑n-e-h‑n h-c‑m-X‑nc‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w A-\-h-c-X‑w {i-a‑n-¨‑v A-X‑n-sâ e-£‑y-h‑p‑w \-·-I-f‑p‑w k-a‑q-l-¯‑n-\-\‑y-a‑m-¡‑n C-Ã‑m-b‑va sN-¿‑m³ a‑m-{X-a‑m-W‑v h‑n-h‑mZ-a‑m-¡‑p-¶-hÀ e-£‑y-a‑n-S‑p-¶-X‑v. A-tX k-a-b‑w X-s¶ C-k‑v-e‑ma‑n-I k-¼-X‑v h‑y-h-Ø-sb-¸-ä‑nb‑p‑w {]‑m-tb‑m-K‑n-I a‑m-X‑r-I-Isf ]-ä‑n-b‑p-a‑p-Å B-g-¯‑n-e‑p-Å ]T-\-h‑p‑w K-th-j-W-h‑p‑w C-X‑v \-S-¸‑n h-c‑p-¯‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p-Å X-S-Ê-§Ä \‑o-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p‑w \‑n-h‑m-c-W-a‑mÀ-K-§Ä B-c‑m-b‑p¶-X‑n-\‑p-a‑p-Å K-th-j-W-§-f‑p‑w \‑o-¡-§-f‑p‑w A-S‑n-b-´-c {]‑m-[‑m\‑y-t¯‑m-sS ssI-s¡‑m-tÅ-ï‑nb‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. C‑u c‑w-K-¯‑v Z‑p-j‑vS e‑m-t¡‑m-sS {]-hÀ-¯‑n-¡‑p-¶ I-]-S-·‑m-sc-b‑p‑w I-Å-\‑m-W-b§-sf-b‑p‑w X‑p-d-¶‑v I‑m-W‑n-¡‑m³ \-a‑p-¡‑m-h‑p-I-b‑p‑w th-W‑w.

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

]-X‑n-h‑p-c‑o-X‑n-I-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v P‑o-h‑n-X‑w k-¼‑qÀ-W-a‑m-b‑n a‑m-ä‑n-sh-¡‑m-\‑p‑w B-ß‑o-b {]‑m-[‑m-\‑y-t¯‑m-sS H‑m-tc‑m \‑n-a‑n-j-h‑p‑w sN-e-h-g‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-IÄ-¡‑v C‑u-sb‑m-c‑p a‑m-k‑w a‑p-g‑p-h-\‑m-b‑p‑w k‑m-[‑n-¨-sX-§-s\-b‑m-W‑v?

h‑n-i‑p-² h-k-´-¯‑n-\‑v

\‑nÀ-h‑r-X‑n-tb‑m-sS h‑n-S C_v-dmlnw k-Jm-^n ]p-g-¡m-«ncn

I

-c‑p-W‑m-h‑m-c‑n-[‑n-b‑m-b c-£‑n-X‑m-h‑v A-S‑n-b‑m-d‑pI-f‑p-sS h‑n-ta‑m-N-\-¯‑n-\‑m-b‑n k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-\‑n-¨ h-k-´-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p d-a-f‑m³. c-ï‑p a‑m-k‑w a‑p-t¼ a‑pX h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-IÄ A-sX‑m-s¶-¯‑n-t¨-c‑m³ {]‑mÀ-°‑n¨‑p sI‑m-ï‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. B-ß‑mÀ-°-X-b‑n a‑p-¶‑n \‑n-¶ ]‑qÀ-h‑n-IÀ B-d‑p-a‑m-k‑w C-X‑n k-¶‑n-l‑n-X-c‑m-h‑m-\‑p-Å `‑m-K‑y-¯‑n-\‑m-b‑p‑w a-ä‑p a‑m-k-§-f‑n d-a-f‑m³ k‑z‑o-I‑m-c‑ya‑m-I‑m-\‑p‑w {]‑mÀ-°-\‑m \‑n-c-X-c‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p-h-s{X. F-´‑mb‑m-e‑p‑w \-½‑p-sS `‑m-K‑y‑w sI‑m-ï‑v C‑u hÀ-j-h‑p‑w h‑n-i‑p-² a‑m-k-s¯ k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑m-\‑m-b‑n. ]-e c‑o-X‑n-b‑n-e‑p-Å ti‑mj-W‑w h-¶‑p-sh-¦‑n-e‑p‑w G-sd-¡‑p-sd B-c‑m-[-\-IÄ hÀ[‑n-¸‑n-¨‑v ]‑m-]-ta‑m-N-\-¯‑n-\‑m-bÀ-°‑n-¨‑v, \-c-I c-£-¡‑mb‑n a-\‑w s]‑m-«‑n-¡-c-ª‑v d-a-f‑m-\‑n-s\ b‑m-{X-b-¡‑m-s\‑m-

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

24

c‑p-§‑p-I-b‑m-W‑v \‑m-a‑n-t¸‑mÄ. ]-X‑n-h‑p-c‑o-X‑n-I-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v P‑o-h‑n-X‑w k-¼‑qÀ-W-a‑m-b‑n a‑m-ä‑nsh-¡‑m-\‑p‑w B-ß‑o-b {]‑m-[‑m\‑y-t¯‑m-sS H‑m-tc‑m \‑n-a‑n-j-h‑p‑w sN-e-h-g‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-IÄ¡‑v C‑u-sb‑m-c‑p a‑m-k‑w a‑p-g‑p-h\‑m-b‑p‑w k‑m-[‑n-¨-sX-§-s\-b‑mW‑v? A-hÀ-¡‑v D-Z‑m-¯-a‑m-sb‑mc‑p e-£‑y-a‑p-ï‑m-b-X‑v sI‑m-ï‑p X-s¶. ]-c-te‑m-I-a‑m-I‑p-¶ A-hk‑m-\‑n-¡‑m-¯‑n-S-¯‑v k-t´‑m-jt¯‑m-sS P‑o-h‑n-¡‑m-\‑m-I-W‑w. A-X‑n-\‑v A-Ã‑m-l‑p H-c‑p-¡‑n X-¶ A-h-k-c-§Ä k-¼‑qÀ-W-a‑m-b‑n a‑p-X-se-S‑p-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w th-W‑w. A-_‑q-_-¡À(d) ]-d-b‑p-¶X‑v I‑m-W‑m‑w. a‑p-¯‑p‑w ]-h‑n-g-h‑p‑w X‑n-f-§‑p-¶ a‑m-W‑n-I‑y-h‑p-sa‑m-s¡ D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¨‑v A-Ã‑m-l‑p k‑zÀK-¯‑n N‑n-e sI‑m-«‑m-c-§Ä ]-W‑n-b‑p‑w. k‑zÀ-W‑w sI‑m-ï‑mW‑v A-X‑n-sâ A-e-¦‑m-c‑w. h‑n-e I‑q-S‑n-b ]-«‑p-IÄ sI‑m-ï‑v h‑n-c‑nI-f‑p-ï‑m-¡‑p‑w. A-X‑n-sâ N‑p-ac‑n-e‑q-sS P-e-[‑m-c-b‑p‑w N‑p-ä‑p-`‑m-Kh‑p‑w N‑m-ª‑v \‑n-¶‑v i‑o-X-f-O‑m-btb-I‑p-¶ a-c-§-f‑p-a‑p-ï‑m-h‑p‑w. CX‑v t\‑m-s¼-S‑p-¡‑p-¶-hÀ-¡‑m-b‑n A-Ã‑m-l‑p k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-\‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑msW-¶‑p‑w AÀ-lÀ-¡‑m-b‑n s]-c‑p¶‑mÄ Z‑n-h-k‑w X-s¶ a‑m-ä‑n sh¡‑p-sa-¶‑p‑w \-_‑n(k‑z) ]-d-ª‑n«‑p-ï‑v (I³-k‑p D-½‑mÂ). C-§-s\ X‑p-S-§‑n d-a-f‑m\‑n {]-tX‑y-I-a‑m-b {]‑mÀ-°\‑m-h-k-c-h‑p‑w X‑n-c-k‑v-I-c‑n-¡-s¸S‑m-¯ t\‑m-¼‑p X‑p-d k-a-b-s¯ {]‑mÀ-°-\-b‑p‑w ]‑p-W‑y-§Ä-¡‑v ]-X‑n³-a-S-§‑v {]-X‑n-^-e-h‑p‑w Ck‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I {]-a‑m-W-§-f‑n-e‑p-ï‑v. F-´‑n-\-[‑n-I‑w t\‑m-¼‑p‑w J‑pÀB-\‑p‑w h-¶‑v i‑n-]‑mÀ-i sN-b‑v-X‑v h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-sb c-£-s¸-S‑p-¯‑p-I X-s¶ sN-¿‑p‑w. X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(k‑z) ]-d-ª-X‑n-§-s\: t\‑m-¼‑p‑w J‑pÀ-B-\‑p‑w A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ AS‑n-b‑m-d‑p-IÄ-¡‑m-b‑n A-´‑y-\‑mf‑n i‑n-]‑mÀ-i sN-¿‑p‑w. t\‑m-¼‑v t_‑m-[‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p‑w; R‑m³ A-h-s\ `-£-W-¯‑n \‑n-¶‑p‑w I‑m-a-ta‑ml-§Ä ]-c‑n-l-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n \‑n-¶‑p‑w ]-I k-a-b‑w X-S-ª‑psh-¨‑n-c‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑m A-h-sâ I‑m-c‑y-¯‑n F-sâ A-t]-£ \‑o k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡-W‑w. J‑pÀ-B³ ]-d-b‑p-a-s{X; R‑m³ A-h-sâ c‑m-{X‑n-I-sf D-d-¡‑n \‑n-¶‑v X-S-

ª‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. A-X‑n-\‑m A-hsâ h‑n-j-b-¯‑n F-sâ i‑n]‑mÀ-i \‑o k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡-W‑w. A-§-s\ A-h-b‑p-sS i‑n-]‑mÀ-iIÄ k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡-s¸-S‑p‑w. (X‑z-_‑vd‑m-\‑n) C-{X-ta a-l-¯‑z-h‑p‑w {]-X‑n-^-e-h‑p‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶ d-a-f‑m\‑n-s\ _‑p-²‑n-b‑p-Å-hÀ F-§-

t\‑m-¼‑v I‑m-e-¯‑v B-c‑m-[-\-bÀ-¸‑n¡‑p-I a‑m-{X-a-à \‑m‑w sN-b‑v-X-X‑v. sX-ä‑p-If‑n \‑n-¶‑v ]-c-a‑m-h-[‑n a‑m-d‑n \‑n-¶‑p. \‑m-h‑p‑w I-®‑p‑w I‑m-X‑p‑w k‑q£‑n-¡‑m³ {i-a‑n-¨‑p. h-e‑n-sb‑m-c-f-th‑m-f‑w A-X‑n h‑n-P-b‑n-¡‑pI-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X‑p s\-b‑m-W‑v ]-c‑n-K-W‑n-¡‑m-X‑n-c‑n¡‑p-¶-X‑v. t\‑m-¼‑v I‑m-e-¯‑v B-c‑m-[\-bÀ-¸‑n-¡‑p-I a‑m-{X-a-à \‑m‑w sN-b‑v-X-X‑v. sX-ä‑p-I-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v ]-c-a‑m-h-[‑n a‑m-d‑n \‑n-¶‑p. \‑m-h‑p‑w

25

I-®‑p‑w I‑m-X‑p‑w k‑q-£‑n-¡‑m³ {i-a‑n-¨‑p. h-e‑n-sb‑m-c-f-th‑m-f‑w AX‑n h‑n-P-b‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-b‑vX‑p. ]-e-t¸‑m-g‑p‑w A-h-k-c-§Ä H-s¶‑m-¶‑m-b‑n a‑p-¶‑n-se-¯‑n-bt¸‑m-g‑p‑w \‑n-j‑n-² ZÀ-i-\-§-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v a‑m-d‑n \‑n-¶‑p. A-§-s\ sX-ä‑p-IÄ sN-¿‑m-sX B-c‑m-[\-I-f‑n a‑p-g‑p-I‑p-¶ a‑m-e‑m-J-a‑mc‑p-sS ssi-e‑n-b‑n-te-¡‑v D-b-c‑pI-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p a-\‑p-j‑yÀ. \‑n-k‑vI‑m-c k-a-b-¯‑v `-£-W ]‑m-\‑ob-§-f‑p‑w sse‑w-K‑n-I _-Ô-h‑p‑w ]‑m-S‑n-sÃ-¶-X‑p i-c‑n. ]-t£ AX‑v G-X‑m-\‑p‑w a‑n-\‑p-«‑p-IÄ a‑m{X‑w \‑o-ï‑p \‑nÂ-¡‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. ti-j‑w C-¯-c‑w h‑n-tc‑m-[-§Ä \‑o-§‑p-¶‑p. a-\‑p-j‑y-c‑p-sS tZ-tlÑ-I-sf {]-X‑n-tc‑m-[‑n-¡‑m³ t\‑m¼‑n-\‑p X‑p-e‑y‑w a-sä‑m-¶‑n-sÃ-¶‑p k‑m-c‑w. H-¸‑w {]-I-S-\ ]-c-X(c‑nb‑m-A‑v) C-Ã‑m-sX \‑nÀ-h-l‑n-¡‑m\‑p-a‑m-I‑p-¶‑p {h-X‑m-\‑p-j‑vT‑m-\‑w. A-X‑p sI‑m-sï‑m-s¡-b‑m-W-tÃ‑m a-ä‑m-c‑m-[-\-IÄ A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-\‑mb‑n-«‑p‑w, A-h-¡‑p {]-X‑n-^-e‑w \Â-I‑p-¶-X‑p‑w A-h³ X-s¶-b‑mb‑n-«‑p‑w t\‑m-s¼-\‑n-¡‑p-Å-X‑m-W‑v A-X‑n-\‑p {]-X‑n-^-e‑w \Â-I‑p-¶X‑v R‑m-\‑m-sW-¶‑v d-º‑v {]-tX‑yI‑w ]-d-ª-X‑v. C-{X-tb-sd a-\‑pj‑y-s\ ]-c‑n-hÀ-¯‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶ Hc‑m-c‑m-[-\-b‑n H-c‑p a‑m-k-¡‑m-e‑w B-k‑z-Z‑n-¨‑v a‑p-t¶-d‑p-I-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p¶‑p h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-IÄ.

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

A-h-c‑p-sS l‑r-Z-b‑w X-J‑vh \‑n-d-ª-X‑m-b‑n-¯‑o-c‑m-\‑p‑w t\‑m-¼‑v k-l‑m-b‑n-¨‑p. C‑u ]‑pW‑y IÀ-a‑w \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-sW¶‑p IÂ-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶ _-J-d 183þ‑m‑w k‑q-à-¯‑n A-X‑n-sâ k-Z‑v-^e‑w ]-d-b‑p-¶-X‑v X-J‑v-h-b‑p-ï‑mI‑p-sa-¶‑m-W-tÃ‑m. X-J‑v-h-sb-¶ ]-Z‑w `-b‑w, h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑w, {]‑m-bÝ‑n-¯‑w, h-g‑n-s¸-SÂ, tZ‑m-j-§f‑p-t]-£‑n-¡Â, B-ß‑mÀ-°-X t]‑m-e‑p-Å B-i-b-§-f‑n-e‑m-W‑v J‑pÀ-B³ D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-f-f-X‑v (X-^‑v-k‑oÀ d‑m-k‑n 1/193). C‑u h‑y-X‑y-k‑v-X AÀ-°-§-sf-Ã‑m‑w ta-f‑n-¨ X-J‑v-h-b‑p-sS c‑q-]-a‑m-W‑v h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-IÄ-¡‑v t\‑m-¼‑v \ÂI‑n-b-X‑v. A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-s\ `-b-¶‑v

h-g‑n-s¸-S-e‑m-b‑n X-s¶. A-_-²¯‑n t]‑m-e‑p‑w tZ‑m-j-§Ä hc‑m-sX i-c‑o-c-s¯ k‑q-£‑n-¡‑p-

Z‑p‑x-J-]-c-h-i-c‑m-b‑n B-J‑n-d-¯‑ne‑p‑w J-_À, ]‑p-\‑x-c‑p-°‑m-\‑w t]‑m-e‑p-Å A-Z‑r-i‑y-§-f‑n-e‑p‑w AhÀ h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑w I-S‑p-¸‑n-¨‑p, h-g‑ns¸-S-e‑n-sâ `‑m-K-a‑m-b‑n ^À-f‑p‑w k‑p-¶-¯‑p-a-S-§‑n-b \‑n-c-h-[‑n B-c‑m-[-\-IÄ sI‑m-ï‑v k-P‑oh-a‑m-b‑n. k‑z-Z-J-b‑p‑w k-I‑m-X‑p‑w a‑p-d-¡‑v sI‑m-S‑p-¯‑p. \‑m-sS-§‑p‑w h‑y‑m-]-I-a‑m-b d‑n-e‑o-^‑v {]-hÀ¯-\-§Ä \-S-¯‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-b‑vX‑p. F-Ã‑m‑w A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-\‑p-Å

I-b‑p‑w C-X‑n-se‑m-s¡-b‑p‑w Bß‑mÀ-°-X I‑m-W‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X‑p. h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-I-sf d-a-f‑m\‑n a‑p-g‑p-h³ a‑p-t¶‑m-«‑v \-b‑n¨-X‑v X-J‑v-h-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p-sh-¶À°‑w. X-J‑v-h-b‑p-sS A-S‑n-Ø‑m-\ \‑nÀ-h-N-\‑w IÂ-]-\-IÄ ]‑m-e‑n¡-e‑p‑w \‑n-j‑n-²-§Ä D-t]-£‑n¡-e‑p-sa-¶‑m-W-tÃ‑m. C‑u a‑m-k‑w \-a‑p-¡-X‑n-\‑v k‑m-[‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. C\‑n-b‑p-a-X‑v X‑p-S-c‑p-h‑m-\‑m-I‑p-t¼‑mg‑m-W‑v t\‑m-¼‑v sI‑m-ï‑v X-J‑v-h

d-a-f‑m-\‑n-se ]‑p-W‑y-§f‑n H-«‑p-a‑n-¡-X‑p‑w tij-¡‑m-e-h‑p‑w \-a‑p-¡‑v A-\‑p-j‑vT‑n-¡‑m-\‑m-h‑p-¶X‑m-W‑v. C-sX-Ã‑m‑w H-g‑nª‑p t]‑m-I‑m-sX-b‑p-Å P‑o-h‑n-X‑w \-a‑p-¡‑v C-\‑nb‑p‑w k‑m-[‑n-¡-W‑w

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

26

k-¼‑m-Z‑n-¨-h-c‑m-b‑n \‑m‑w a‑m-d‑p-Ib‑p-Å‑p. B-tc‑m-S‑p‑w h‑n-tZ‑z-j-a‑nÃ‑m-¯, Z‑o-\‑n-sâ I‑m-c‑y-¯‑n k‑v-t\-l‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w ]‑n-W-§‑m-\‑p‑w I-g‑n-b‑p-¶, I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-¯‑n-\‑p‑w aä‑p P-\-§Ä-¡‑p‑w \-· a‑m-{X‑w B-{K-l‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w {]-hÀ-¯‑n¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p-¶ BÀ-{Z-a‑mb a-\-Ê‑p‑w A-\‑y-c‑p-sS Z‑p‑x-J§-f‑n X-]‑n-¡‑p-¶ l‑r-Z-b-h‑pa‑p-Å-h-\‑m-W‑v a‑m-X‑r-I‑m tb‑mK‑y-\‑m-b h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n. C-h-c‑m-W‑v J‑pÀ-B³ ]-d-ª \-Ã-hÀ AY-h‑m a‑p-l‑v-k‑n-\‑o-§Ä. C-hÀ X-s¶-b‑m-W‑v ssZ-h‑o-I `-b-¯‑nsâ i-c‑n-b‑m-b {]‑m-tb‑m-à‑m-¡f‑p‑w. k‑zÀ-K-h‑p‑w A-\‑p-{K-l-§f‑p-a‑m-W‑v C-¯-c‑w k-Z‑v-h‑r-¯-sc I‑m-¯‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v. J‑pÀ-B³ ]-d-ª-tX‑mÀ-¡‑p-I: \‑n-Ý-b‑w X-J‑v-h-b‑p-Å-hÀ k‑zÀ-K-¯‑n-e‑p‑w A-c‑p-h‑n-I-f‑n-e‑p-a‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w. Ah-c‑p-sS c-£‑n-X‑m-h‑v \Â-I‑p-¶-X‑v B-k‑z-Z‑n-¨‑p sI‑m-ï‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w. a‑pt¼ \-Ã-h-c‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p-h-tÃ‑m AhÀ (A-±‑m-c‑n-b‑m-¯‑v/15,16). C-§s\-b‑p-Å a‑m-X‑r-I‑m tb‑m-K‑y-c‑mb \‑n-c-h-[‑n a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w-I-sf h‑mÀs¯-S‑p-¯‑m-W‑v h‑n-i‑p-²-a‑m-k‑w h‑n-S ]-d-b‑p-¶-X‑v. d-a-f‑m-\‑n-se ]‑p-W‑y-§-f‑n H-«‑p-a‑n-¡-X‑p‑w ti-j-¡‑m-e-h‑p‑w \-a‑p-¡‑v A-\‑p-j‑vT‑n-¡‑m-\‑m-h‑p-¶X‑m-W‑v. J‑pÀ-B³ ]‑m-c‑m-b-W‑w. k‑p-¶-¯‑v \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c-§Ä, k‑z-ZJ, C-A‑v-X‑n-I‑m-^‑v, t\‑m-¼‑p-IÄ, a‑n-X-X‑z‑w, sX-ä‑p-I-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v AI-e‑w ]‑m-e‑n-¡Â t]‑m-e‑p-Å-hsb-Ã‑m‑w. C-sX-Ã‑m‑w H-g‑n-ª‑p t]‑m-I‑m-sX-b‑p-Å P‑o-h‑n-X‑w \-a‑p¡‑v C-\‑n-b‑p‑w k‑m-[‑n-¡-W‑w, A-§-s\ ]‑p-X‑p-¡‑w {]‑m-]‑n-¨ h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-I-f‑m-b‑n \‑m‑w k-¼‑qÀW-a‑m-b‑n a‑m-d-W‑w. F-¦‑n B-ß-\‑nÀ-h‑r-X‑ntb‑m-sS-b‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w C‑u d-a-f‑m\‑n-\‑p \‑m‑w h‑n-S sN‑m-Ã‑p-¶-X‑v. d-¿‑m³ I-h‑m-S-¯‑n-e‑q-sS k‑zÀK-¯‑n-te-d‑m³ \-a‑p-¡‑v k‑m-[‑n¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w. C‑u b‑m-{Xb-b-¸‑v \-½‑p-sS A-h-k‑m-\-t¯X‑m-h‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑m³ B-ß‑mÀ-°a‑m-b‑n \‑m‑w {]‑mÀ-°‑n-¡‑p-I. AÊ-e‑m-a‑p-A-sseI b‑m i-l‑v-d d-a-f‑m³!

H‑m-tc‑m k-a‑q-l-¯‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w B-N‑m-c‑m-\‑p-j‑vT‑m-\-§-f‑p‑w P‑o-h‑n-X k‑wk‑v-I‑m-c-§-f‑p‑w A-S-b‑m-f-s¸-S‑p-¯‑p-¶-X‑m-I‑p‑w A-h-c‑p-sS B-tL‑m-j§Ä. C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-sâ k‑m‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c‑n-I `‑q-a‑n-I-b‑n \‑n-¶‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v h‑ne-b‑n-c‑p-¯‑p-t¼‑mÄ C‑u-Z‑v a‑m-\-h‑n-I-X-b‑p-sS {]-tL‑m-j-W-a‑m-W‑v

Cu-Zv:

B-tLm-j-¯n-sâ

a-X-]-£w ipIqÀ k-Jm-^n sh-®-t¡mSv

B

-tL‑m-j‑w a-\‑p-j‑y-sâ {]-I‑r-X‑n-]-c-a‑m-b B-{K-l-a‑m-W‑v. k‑m-a‑q-l‑n-I-a‑m-b B-h-i‑yh‑p‑w. B-\-µ-h‑p‑w B-Ë‑m-Z-{]-I-S-\-h‑p‑w C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I-a‑m-IW‑w. A-¯-c‑w B-tL‑m-j-§-sf B-ß-ssN-X-\‑y‑w e-`‑n¡‑p-¶ ]‑p-W‑y-IÀ-a-a‑m-b‑n a-X‑w A‑w-K‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. B-hÀ-¯‑n-¡‑p-I F-¶À-°‑w h-c‑p-¶ "H‑u-Z‑v' F-¶ A-d-_‑n ]-Z-¯‑n \‑n-¶‑m-W‑v "C‑u-Z‑v' h-¶-X‑v. hÀ-j‑mhÀ-j‑w B-hÀ-¯‑n-¨‑p-h-c‑p-¶-X‑v sI‑m-tï‑m A-X‑v a-S-§‑n h-c‑p-¶-X-\‑m k-t´‑m-j-a‑p-ï‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑v sI‑m-tï‑m AÃ‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ H‑u-Z‑m-c‑y-§Ä A-X‑n A-[‑n-I‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p¶-X‑v sI‑m-tï‑m B-h‑m‑w B ]-Z‑w {]-tb‑m-K‑n-¨-sX-¶‑p ]-Þ‑n-XÀ. B-tL‑m-j-§Ä k-a‑q-l-¯‑n-sâ k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-§-f‑n-

27

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

te-¡‑v X‑p-d-¡‑p-¶ I‑n-f‑n-h‑m-X‑ne‑p-I-f‑m-W‑v. H‑m-tc‑m k-a‑q-l-¯‑nsâ-b‑p‑w B-N‑m-c‑m-\‑p-j‑vT‑m-\-§f‑p‑w P‑o-h‑n-X k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-§-f‑p‑w A-S-b‑m-f-s¸-S‑p-¯‑p-¶-X‑m-I‑p‑w A-h-c‑p-sS B-tL‑m-j-§Ä. Ck‑v-e‑m-a‑n-sâ k‑m‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c‑n-I `‑qa‑n-I-b‑n \‑n-¶‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v h‑n-e-b‑nc‑p-¯‑p-t¼‑mÄ C‑u-Z‑v a‑m-\-h‑n-I-Xb‑p-sS {]-tL‑m-j-W-a‑m-W‑v. h‑n-i‑p-² d-a-f‑m-\‑n B-c‑m[-\-I-f‑n-e‑q-sS BÀ-P‑n-s¨-S‑p-¯ B-ß‑o-b i‑p-²‑n-b‑p‑w a-l‑n-X k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-h‑p‑w \‑n-e-\‑nÀ-¯‑m\‑p-Å {]-X‑n-Ú ]‑p-X‑p-¡-e‑mW‑v s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑n-sâ A-I-s¸‑mc‑pÄ. d-a-f‑m-\‑n a‑r-K‑o-b-þ-ss]i‑m-N‑n-I tN‑m-Z-\-I-sf X‑p-c-¯‑n B-ß‑o-b \‑nÀ-h‑r-X‑n-b‑p-sS D-¶X‑n {]‑m-]‑n-¡‑p-¶ a-\‑p-j‑y³ AÃ‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ {]‑o-X‑n-b‑n-te-¡‑v P‑o-h‑n-X-s¯ ]‑m-I-s¸-S‑p-¯‑nsb-S‑p-¡‑p-I-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. B ]-c‑n-{i-a-¯‑n-sâ ]-c‑n-k-a‑m-]‑v-X‑nb‑n e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶ ]-c-a‑m-\-µ-a‑mW‑v B-tL‑m-j-¯‑n-\‑v a‑m-ä‑v I‑q«‑p-¶-X‑v. s]-c‑p-¶‑m I‑q-S‑p-X l‑rZ‑y-a‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑v BÀ-¡‑m-W‑v? da-f‑m³ G-ä-h‑p‑w ^-e-{]-Z-a‑m-b‑n D-]-tb‑m-K-s¸-S‑p-¯‑n-b-hÀ-¡‑p X-s¶. A-hÀ-¡‑v A-\‑p-`‑q-X‑n¡‑v ta A-\‑p-`‑q-X‑n-b‑p-ï‑m-I‑p‑w. "\‑n-j‑v-I-f-¦-X-tb‑m-sS-b‑p‑w h‑ni‑z‑m-k-t¯‑m-sS-b‑p‑w t\‑m-¼-\‑pj‑vT‑n-¨-hÀ-¡‑m-W‑v kÀ-h-h‑n-[ k-t´‑m-j-§-f‑p‑w' (l-Z‑o-k‑v). \-·-b‑p-sS h‑n-f-sh-S‑p-¸‑n h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n A-`‑u-X‑n-I-a‑m-sb‑m-c‑p te‑m-I-¯‑n-sâ P‑o-h‑n-X‑m-\‑p-`-hs¯ B-h‑n-j‑v-I-c‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑m-W‑v s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑n-e‑q-sS. B-ß-h‑n-i‑p²‑n-b‑m-W‑v B-tL‑m-j-¯‑n-\‑v a[‑p-c-h‑p‑w l-c-h‑p‑w ]-I-c‑p-¶-X‑v. B-ß-h‑n-N‑m-c-¯‑n-sâ \‑mÄ-h-g‑nI-f‑n F-{X-t¯‑m-f‑w `-à‑n-b‑p‑w ssN-X-\‑y-h‑p‑w t\-S‑n-tb‑m A-X‑n\-\‑p-k-c‑n-¨‑m-I‑p‑w A-X‑v. B-tL‑m-j-¯‑n-aÀ-¸-c‑p-X‑v. A-[‑mÀ-a‑n-I-X-b‑p-sS I‑q-¯-c§‑m-b‑n a‑m-d‑p-¶ B-`‑m-k-I-c-a‑mb B-tL‑m-j‑w C-k‑v-e‑m‑w A‑wK‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑n-Ã. BÀ-¸‑p-h‑n-f‑nI-f‑p‑w B-tL‑m-j-¯‑n-aÀ-¸‑p‑w sh-S‑n-s¡-«‑p‑w h‑m-Z‑y-k‑w-K‑o-X-h‑psa-Ã‑m‑w B-c‑m-[-\-b‑p-sS ssN-X\‑y‑w \-i‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p‑w. P‑m-l‑n-e‑n-¿‑m B-tL‑m-j-a‑m-b ss\-d‑q-k‑v, a-l‑v-

À-P‑m³ F-¶‑n-h-sb \-_‑n(-k‑z) \‑n-c‑m-I-c‑n-¨-X‑v A-h-b‑n-se A[‑mÀ-a‑n-I sN-b‑v-X‑n-IÄ a‑q-e-a‑mb‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I B-tL‑m-j§-f‑p-sS B-X‑y-´‑n-I e-£‑y‑w A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ {]‑o-X‑n-b‑p‑w ]-cte‑m-I ta‑m-£-h‑p-a‑m-W‑v. k‑p-`‑n£-a‑m-b B-l‑m-c-a‑p-ï‑m-¡‑p-¶X‑p‑w \-à h-k‑v-{X‑w [-c‑n-¡‑p-¶X‑p‑w k‑p-K-Ô-a‑p-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-¶X‑p‑w k-t´‑m-j‑w ]-¦‑p-sh-¡‑p¶-X‑p-sa-Ã‑m‑w C‑u e-£‑y-¯‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n-b‑m-I‑p-t¼‑mÄ B-c‑m-[\-b‑p-sS-b‑p‑w C-c‑p-te‑m-I h‑n-P-b¯‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w `‑m-K-a‑m-I‑p‑w. k‑p-I‑rX-§Ä-¡‑v hÀ-[‑n-X ]‑p-W‑y‑w e`‑n-¡‑p-¶ C‑u-Z‑v k‑p-Z‑n-\-¯‑n A-c‑p-X‑m-b‑v-a-IÄ-¡‑v I-S‑p-¯ i‑n-

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

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£ e-`‑n-¡‑p‑w. \‑n-Ê‑m-c-s¸-S‑p-¯e‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w [‑n-¡‑m-c-¯‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w `‑m-h‑w C‑u I‑q-¯‑m-«-§-f‑n \‑n-g-e‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v F-¶-X‑m-W-X‑n\‑v I‑m-c-W‑w.

X-I‑v-_‑oÀ s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑n a-\-Ê‑v \‑n-dª‑v k-t´‑m-j‑n-¡‑p-t¼‑m-g‑p‑w h‑ni‑z‑m-k‑n-b‑p-sS A-[-c-§-f‑n h‑n\-b-¯‑n-sâ a-t{´‑m-¨‑m-c-W-a‑mW‑v. A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ a-l-¯‑z‑w D-Z‑v-tL‑m-j‑n-¡‑p-¶ X-I‑v-_‑oÀ [‑z-\‑n-IÄ A-S‑n-a-b‑p‑w D-S-a-b‑p‑w X-½‑n-e‑p-Å _-Ô‑w c‑q-V-a‑q-ea‑m-¡‑p-¶ h‑n-i‑p-² h-N-\-§-f‑mW‑v. k-t´‑m-j-¯‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w \-µ‑nb‑p-sS-b‑p‑w {]-I‑m-i‑n-X-c‑q-]‑w. B-

tL‑m-j-th-f-b‑n X-I‑v-_‑oÀ k‑p-¶-¯‑m-sW-¶ a-X-¯‑n-sâ DÂ-t_‑m-[-\‑w A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-s\ a-d-¶‑p-sI‑m-ï‑p-Å B-tL‑m-j‑w ]‑m-S‑n-sÃ-¶‑v k‑q-N‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑n-\‑v c-ï‑p-h‑n-[‑w X-I‑v-_‑o-d‑p-I-f‑p-ï‑v. H-¶‑v; F-Ã‑m k-a-b-¯‑p‑w k‑p-¶-¯‑p-Å-X‑v (XI‑v-_‑oÀ a‑pÀ-kÂ), c-ï‑v; \‑n-Ý‑nX k-a-b‑w a‑m-{X‑w sN‑m-Ã‑p-¶-X‑v (X-I‑v-_‑oÀ a‑p-J-¿-Z‑v). sN-d‑n-b s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑n-\‑v i-Æ‑m a‑m-k‑w I-ï-X‑p-a‑p-X s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ \‑nk‑v-I‑m-c‑w B-c‑w-`‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v h-sc a‑p-g‑p-k-a-b-§-f‑n-e‑p‑w X-I‑v-_‑oÀ k‑p-¶-¯‑m-W‑v (X‑p-l‑v-^-X‑p a‑pl‑v-X‑m-P‑v). "\‑n-§-f‑p-sS s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑pI-sf X-I‑v-_‑o-d‑p-IÄ sI‑m-ï‑v A-e-¦-c‑n-¡‑p-h‑o³' F-¶ X‑nc‑p-h-N-\‑w h-f-sc {i-t²-b‑w. \-_‑n(-k‑z) s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑n-\‑v D-¨¯‑n X-I‑v-_‑oÀ sN‑m-Ã‑n k‑zl‑m-_‑n-IÄ-s¡‑m-¸‑w \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c¯‑n-\‑v t]‑m-I‑p-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. I‑q-«a‑m-b‑p‑w P‑m-Y-b‑m-b‑p‑w X-I‑v-_‑oÀ a‑p-g-¡‑n-b‑p‑w \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c-¯‑n-\‑v t]‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑v \-Ã-X‑m-W‑v.

s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑n-\‑v th@‑n H-c‑p-§Â \-¶‑m-b‑n I‑p-f‑n-¨‑v h‑r-¯‑nb‑m-h‑p-I, ]‑p-X‑n-b-X‑p‑w G-ä-h‑p‑w \-Ã-X‑p-a‑m-b h-k‑v-{X‑w [-c‑n-¡‑pI, k‑p-K-Ô‑w D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑pI F-¶‑n-h {]-tX‑y-I‑w k‑p-¶¯‑m-W‑v. \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c-¯‑n-\‑v ]‑p-d¯‑p-t]‑m-I‑m-¯-hÀ-¡‑p‑w I‑p-f‑n k‑p-¶-¯‑p-ï‑v. sN-d‑n-b s]-c‑p¶‑m-f‑n-sâ k‑p-¶-¯‑m-b I‑p-f‑n R‑m³ \‑nÀ-h-l‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p F-¶‑mW‑v \‑n-¿-¯‑v sN-t¿-ï-X‑v. i-c‑oc `‑w-K‑n-¡‑p‑w h‑r-¯‑n-¡‑p-a‑m-h-i‑ya‑m-b a‑n-k‑v-h‑m-I‑v sN-¿‑p-I, X‑mS‑n \-¶‑m-¡‑p-I, a‑o-i sh-«‑p-I, \-J‑w a‑p-d‑n-¡‑p-I, sh-«‑n-tb‑m h-S‑nt¨‑m H-g‑n-h‑m-t¡-ï tc‑m-a-§Ä \‑o-¡‑p-I X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h-b‑p‑w k‑p¶-¯‑m-W‑v.

ssa-e‑m-©‑n D-]-tb‑m-K‑w {]-tX‑y-I I‑q-«‑p-IÄ sI‑mï‑v \‑nÀ-a‑n-¨ S‑y‑q-_‑v ssa-e‑m-©‑n i-c‑o-c-¯‑n-\‑v tZ‑m-j‑w h-c‑p-¯‑p‑w. \‑m-«‑n³-]‑p-d-§-f‑n h-fÀ-¯‑p-¶ k‑m-£‑m ssa-e‑m-©‑n A-c-¨‑v

ssI-sh-Å-b‑n D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p¶-X‑v ]-g-b I‑m-e‑w a‑p-X \‑n-e\‑nÂ-¡‑p-¶ B-tL‑m-j-¯‑n-sâ `‑m-K-a‑m-b B-N‑m-c-a‑m-W‑v. C-X‑v h‑n-h‑m-l‑n-X-I-f‑m-b k‑v-{X‑o-IÄ¡‑v `À-X‑r-k-½-X-t¯‑m-sS \-ÃX‑m-W‑v. ]‑p-c‑p-j-·‑mÀ-¡‑v \‑n-j‑n²-h‑p‑w. F-¶‑m N‑n-I‑n-Õ‑m-hi‑y‑mÀ-°‑w A-hÀ-¡‑p‑w A-\‑p-h-Z\‑o-b-a‑m-W‑v. k‑v-{X‑o-IÄ ssI-¯ï-b‑n-e‑p‑w I‑mÂ-]‑m-Z-¯‑n-e‑p‑w aä‑p‑w ssa-e‑m-©‑n-b‑n-«‑v A-\‑yÀ-¡‑p a‑p-¼‑n {]-I-S‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v I‑p-äI-c-h‑p‑w H-g‑n-h‑m-t¡-ï-X‑p-a‑m-W‑v.

s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ c‑m-h‑v A-Ã‑m-l‑p {]-tX‑y-I‑w ]-c‑nK-W‑n-¡‑p-¶ k-a-b-a‑m-W‑v s]c‑p-¶‑mÄ c‑m-h‑v. A-X‑v A-h-sâ

\-·-b‑p-sS h‑n-f-sh-S‑p¸‑n h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n A-`‑uX‑n-I-a‑m-sb‑m-c‑p te‑m-I¯‑n-sâ P‑o-h‑n-X‑m-\‑p-`-hs¯ B-h‑n-j‑v-I-c‑n-¡‑pI-b‑m-W‑v s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑ne‑q-sS. B-ß-h‑n-i‑p-²‑nb‑m-W‑v B-tL‑m-j-¯‑n\‑v a-[‑p-c-h‑p‑w l-c-h‑p‑w ]-I-c‑p-¶-X‑v k-½‑m-\-Z‑n-\-a‑m-W‑v. ]‑p-W‑y d-af‑m-\‑n i-c‑n-¡‑p‑w B-c‑m-[-\‑m \‑n-c-X-c‑m-b h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-I-sf {]]-©-\‑m-Y³ A-\‑p-ta‑m-Z‑n-¡‑p-¶, B-ß‑mÀ-°-a‑m-b‑n sX‑m-g‑n sNb‑v-X-hÀ-¡‑v th-X-\‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶ k-a-b‑w. \-¶‑m-b‑n I‑r-j‑n sN-b‑vX-hÀ-¡‑v h‑n-f-sh-S‑p-¸‑v k-a-b-¯‑v k-t´‑m-j-a‑p-ï‑m-I‑p-a-tÃ‑m. {]-k‑v-X‑p-X c‑m-h‑n {]-tX‑yI ]‑m-]-ta‑m-N-\-h‑p‑w \-c-I-ta‑m-N\-h‑p‑w \-S-¡‑p-sa-¶‑v l-Z‑o-k‑p-If‑n h-¶‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. d-a-f‑m³ B-Z‑yc‑m-{X‑n a‑p-X A-¶‑p-h-sc-b‑p-Å \-c-I-ta‑m-N‑n-X-c‑p-sS A-{X-b‑p‑w B-f‑p-I-sf A-Ã‑m-l‑p A-¶‑p \-c-I-¯‑n \‑n-¶‑v ta‑m-N‑n-¸‑n-¡‑pa-s{X. s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑n-sâ k-t´‑mj-¯‑n a-X‑n-a-d-¶‑v X‑n-aÀ-¯‑m-

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tS-ï c‑m-{X‑n-b-Ã A-X‑v. A-c‑p-X‑mb‑v-a-IÄ k‑w-L-S‑n-¸‑n-¨‑p A-S‑n-¨‑ps]‑m-f‑n-t¡-ï-h-c-Ã h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑nIÄ. A-X‑o-h P‑m-{K-X-tb‑m-sS B-c‑m-[-\-I-f‑p-sS k‑z‑o-I‑m-c‑y-X¡‑p‑w B-ß-\‑nÀ-h‑r-X‑n-¡‑p‑w d¿‑m³ I-h‑m-S-¯‑n-e‑q-sS-b‑p-Å k‑zÀ-K-{]-th-i-\-¯‑n-\‑p‑w a-ä‑p‑w {]‑mÀ-°‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-Å A-\À-L A-h-k-c-a‑m-W-X‑v. H-c‑p \‑n-a‑n-jh‑p‑w \-j‑v-S-s¸-S‑m-sX i-c‑n-¡‑p‑w D-]-tb‑m-K-s¸-S‑p-t¯-ï c‑m-{X‑n.

s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c‑w s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ k‑p-Z‑n-\-¯‑n-se k‑p-{]-[‑m-\-a‑m-b k‑p-¶-¯‑m-W‑nX‑v. ]‑p-c‑p-j-·‑mÀ ]-Å‑n-b‑n-e‑p‑w k‑v-{X‑o-IÄ h‑o-«‑n-e‑p‑w sh-¨‑m-W‑v s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c‑w \‑nÀh-l‑n-t¡-ï-X‑v. l‑n-P‑v-d c-ï‑m‑w hÀ-j‑w a‑p-X X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(-k‑z) C-X‑v ]-X‑n-h‑m-b‑n \‑n-k‑v-I-c‑n-¡‑m-d‑pï‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. k‑q-c‑y-\‑p-Z‑n-¨‑v GX‑m-ï‑v C-c‑p-]-X‑v a‑n-\‑p-«‑v I-g‑n-ªX‑v a‑p-X D-¨ h-sc-b‑m-W‑n-X‑nsâ k-a-b‑w. A-X‑p-h-sc \‑n-k‑v-Ic‑n-¡‑m³ I-g‑n-b‑m-¯-hÀ-¡‑v D-¨¡‑p ti-j‑w J-f‑m-A‑v h‑o-«‑m‑w. s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c‑w cï‑p d-I‑v-A-¯‑m-W‑v. B-Z‑y d-I‑vA-¯‑n X-I‑v-_‑o-d-¯‑p Cl‑v-d‑m-a‑n-\‑p ti-j‑w h-Ö-l‑v-X‑p H‑m-X‑n G-g‑p X-I‑v-_‑o-d‑p‑w c-ï‑m‑w d-I‑v-A-¯‑n A-©‑v X-I‑v-_‑o-d‑pa‑m-W‑v sN‑m-tÃ-ï-X‑v. a-d-t¶‑m A-Ã‑m-sX-tb‑m ^‑m-X‑n-l X‑p-S§‑n-b‑m X-I‑v-_‑o-d‑n-sâ A-hk-c‑w \-j‑v-S-s¸-S‑p‑w. X-I‑v-_‑oÀ sN‑m-Ã‑p-t¼‑mÄ ssI N‑p-a-e‑n-\‑p t\-sc D-bÀ-¯-e‑p‑w C-S-b‑n k‑p-_‑v-l‑m-\-Ã‑m-l‑n hÂ-l‑w-Z‑p-e‑nÃ‑m-l‑n h-e‑m-C-e‑m-l C-Ã-Ã‑m-l‑p A-Ã‑m-l‑p A-I‑v-_À F-¶ Z‑n-I‑vÀ sN‑m-Ã-e‑p‑w k‑p-¶-¯‑m-W‑v. X-I‑v-_‑oÀ D-t]-£‑n-¨‑m s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c-¯‑n-\‑v I‑p-g-¸‑w k‑w-`-h‑n-¡‑n-sÃ-¶-X‑n\‑m a-d-h‑n-b‑p-sS k‑p-P‑q-Z‑v thï-X‑n-Ã. I‑m-c-W‑w C‑u X-I‑v_‑oÀ \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c-¯‑n-sâ \‑nÀ_-Ô L-S-I-ta‑m A-_‑v-B-f‑v k‑p-¶-t¯‑m A-Ã. X-I‑v-_‑o-d‑pIÄ-¡‑v ti-j‑w ^‑m-X‑n-l-b‑p‑w J‑m-^‑v, C-J‑v-X-d-_ k‑q-d-¯‑pI-tf‑m, k-º‑n-l‑n-k‑v-a, K‑m-i‑n-b k‑q-d-¯‑p-I-tf‑m H‑m-X‑p-I. _‑m¡‑n k‑m-[‑m-c-W t]‑m-se ]‑qÀ-

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

¯‑n-b‑m-¡‑n-b ti-j‑w c-ï‑p J‑pX‑p-_ H‑m-X-e‑p‑w k‑p-¶-¯‑m-W‑v (X‑p-l‑v-^-X‑p a‑p-l‑v-X‑m-P‑v).

C‑u-Z‑v-K‑m-tl‑m ]-Å‑n-tb‑m? D-d‑p-Z‑p {]-tb‑m-K-a‑m-W‑v C‑uZ‑v-K‑m-l‑v. A-d-_‑n-b‑n ssa-Z‑m\‑p-k‑z-e‑m-¯‑v. \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c-¯‑n-\‑v a‑m-{X‑w X-¿‑mÀ sN-b‑v-X ssa-X‑m\‑n F-¶‑p-t±-i‑y‑w. A-d-_‑v \‑m-S‑pI-f‑n s]-c‑p-¶‑m-f‑p-I-f‑n a‑m{X‑w X‑p-d-¡‑p-¶ N‑p-ä‑p-a-X‑n sI«‑n h‑r-¯‑n-b‑m-b‑ k‑q-£‑n-¡‑p-¶ ssa-X‑m-\‑n-I-f‑p-ï‑v. F-¶‑m ]-Å‑n-I-f‑n k‑u-I-c‑y-a‑p-ï‑mb‑n-c‑n-s¡ C‑u-Z‑v-K‑m-l‑n \‑n-k‑vI-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-I I‑og‑v-h-g-¡-a-Ã. ]-Å‑n-b‑n-e‑m-W‑v I‑qS‑p-X ]‑p-W‑y‑w. a-¡-¯‑p‑w a-Z‑o\-b‑n-e‑p-sa-Ã‑m‑w F-¡‑m-e-¯‑p‑w ]-Å‑n-I-f‑n sh-¨‑m-W‑v s]-c‑p¶‑mÄ \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c‑w \-S-¡‑m-d‑pÅ-X‑v. C-¶‑p‑w A-X‑v X‑p-S-c‑p-¶‑p. ]-Å‑n-I-f‑n Ø-e-k‑u-I-c‑y-a‑nÃ‑m-X‑n-c‑p-¶-t¸‑mÄ ssa-X‑m-\-¯‑v \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c‑w \-S-¶‑n-«‑p-ï‑v (i-d-l‑v a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w 4/204, a‑p-l-±-_‑v 1/254, X‑p-l‑v-^ 3/31). h‑r-¯‑n-l‑o-\-a‑m-b a‑mÀ-¡ä‑p-I-f‑n C‑u-Z‑v-K‑m-l‑v F-s¶-g‑pX‑n sh-¨‑v h‑n-i‑m-e-a‑m-b ]-Å‑n ]‑q-«‑n-b‑n-«‑v k‑v-{X‑o-I-sf-b‑p‑w F-g‑p¶-Å‑n-¨‑v X-«‑n-¡‑q-«‑p-¶ C‑u-Z‑v-K‑ml‑p-IÄ {]‑m-a‑m-W‑n-I ]‑n-´‑p-Wb‑n-Ã‑m-¯-X‑m-W‑v. ]‑p-¯-\‑m-i-b¡‑mÀ k‑w-L-S‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶ C-¯c‑w {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f‑n k‑p-¶‑nIÄ h-©‑n-X-c‑m-I-c‑p-X‑v.

B-i‑w-k-IÄ s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ k‑p-Z‑n-\-¯‑n ]-c-k‑v-]-c‑w l-k‑v-X-Z‑m-\‑w sN-¿e‑p‑w B-i‑w-k-IÄ ssI-a‑m-d-e‑p‑w {]‑mÀ-°‑n-¡-e‑p‑w k‑p-¶-¯‑m-W‑v. h‑y-à‑n-IÄ-¡‑p‑w I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-§Ä¡‑p-a‑n-S-b‑n-e‑p-Å k‑v-t\-l-_-豈 D‑u-«‑n-b‑p-d-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p‑w h‑n-tZ‑z-j-h‑p‑w ]-I-b‑p‑w D-c‑p-I‑n¯‑o-c‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p‑w C-X‑v I‑m-c-Wa‑m-I‑p‑w. "X-J-º-e-Ã‑m-l‑p a‑n-¶‑m h-a‑n³-I‑p‑w' A-Ã‑m-l‑p \-½-f‑n-c‑ph-c‑n \‑n-¶‑p‑w k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡-s« F-¶‑v k‑z-l‑m-_‑n-IÄ ]-c-k‑v-]c‑w B-i‑w-k‑n-¨‑v {]‑mÀ-°‑n-¨‑n-c‑p¶‑p. -X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(-k‑z)b‑p‑w C-tX

A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ a-l¯‑z‑w D-Z‑v-tL‑m-j‑n-¡‑p-¶ X-I‑v-_‑oÀ [‑z-\‑n-IÄ AS‑n-a-b‑p‑w D-S-a-b‑p‑w X-½‑ne‑p-Å _-Ô‑w c‑q-V-a‑q-ea‑m-¡‑p-¶ h‑n-i‑p-² h-N\-§-f‑m-W‑v. k-t´‑m-j¯‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w \-µ‑n-b‑p-sSb‑p‑w {]-I‑m-i‑n-X-c‑q-]‑w c‑o-X‑n-b‑n A-\‑p-N-c-·‑mÀ-¡‑v Bi‑w-k‑m {]‑mÀ-°-\-IÄ \-S-¯‑nb‑n-c‑p-¶‑p (A-l‑v-a-Z‑v, ss_-lJ‑n).

k‑p-`‑n-£ `-£-W‑w e-L‑p-`-£-W‑w I-g‑n-¨‑m-W‑v sN-d‑n-b s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ \‑n-k‑v-I‑mc-¯‑n-\‑v ]‑p-d-s¸-S k‑p-¶-¯‑v. \‑o-ï a‑p-¸-X‑v \‑m-f-s¯ D-]-h‑mk-¯‑n-\‑v ti-j‑w A-¶-]‑m-\‑ob‑w A-\‑p-h-Z-\‑o-b-a‑m-b B-Z‑y]-I-e‑n `-£-W‑w I-g‑n-¨‑p-sI‑mï‑m-W‑v B-tL‑m-j-¯‑n-sâ X‑pS-¡‑w. \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c ti-j‑w h‑o«‑p-I‑m-sc‑m-¶‑n-¨‑v k‑p-`‑n-£-a‑m-b `-£-W‑w I-g‑n-¡‑p-I. A-bÂ-h‑mk‑n-I-sf-b‑p‑w I‑q-«‑p-I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-§sf-b‑p‑w kÂ-¡-c‑n-¡‑p-I, s]-c‑p¶‑mÄ k‑p-Z‑n-\‑w X‑o-ä-b‑p-sS-b‑p‑w I‑p-S‑n-b‑p-sS-b‑p‑w A-h-k-c‑w I‑q-S‑nb‑m-W‑v. A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ A-\‑p-{Kl-§Ä-¡‑v \-µ‑n-{]-I‑m-i‑n-¸‑n-¡‑pI-b‑p‑w A-h-sâ k‑v-a-c-W-IÄ ]‑p-X‑p-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-t¿-ï k‑pZ‑n-\‑w. H-¶‑n-¨‑p `-£-W‑w I-g‑n-¡‑p¶-X‑v k‑v-t\-l‑w ]-¦‑p-sh-¡‑m\‑p‑w _-Ô‑w D‑u-«‑n-b‑p-d-¸‑n-¡‑m-\‑pa‑p-Å k‑p-hÀ-W‑m-h-k-c-a‑m-W‑v. A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ A-\‑p-{K-l‑w e`‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w l‑r-Z-b-§Ä X-½‑n C-W-¡‑w Ø‑m-]‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w A-X‑v \‑n-a‑n-¯-a‑m-I‑p‑w.

k‑u-l‑r-Z k-µÀ-i-\‑w A-bÂ-]-¡-, -I‑p-S‑p‑w-_, k‑u-l‑r-Z k-µÀ-i-\‑w {]-tX‑yI‑w k‑p-¶-¯‑m-W‑v. ]‑m-c-k‑v-]-c‑y-

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

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§Ä t\À-¯‑p-t]‑m-b hÀ-¯a‑m-\ k‑m-l-N-c‑y-¯‑n h‑n-tij‑n-¨‑p‑w I‑p-S‑p‑w-_ k-µÀ-i-\‑w k-a‑r-²‑n k-½‑m-\‑n-¡‑p‑w. B-b‑pÊ hÀ-[‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p‑w. B-i‑z‑m-k‑w e`‑n-¡‑p‑w. A-h-i-X-b-\‑p-`-h‑n-¡‑p¶-h-sc I-sï-¯‑n k‑m-´‑z-\‑n¸‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w tc‑m-K k-µÀ-i-\-¯‑n\‑p‑w k‑m-[‑p k‑w-c-£-W-¯‑n-\‑p‑w s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ A-h-k-c-a‑m-¡‑p-I. s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ k‑p-Z‑n-\-¯‑n t]‑me‑p‑w th-Z-\ I-S‑n-¨‑n-d-¡‑n-¡-g‑nb‑p-¶ \-½‑p-sS I‑q-«‑p-I‑m-sc kl‑m-b‑n-¡‑m³ e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶ A-k‑pe-` A-h-k-c‑w H-c‑p I‑m-c-W-hi‑m-e‑p‑w H-g‑n-h‑m-¡‑n-¡‑q-S‑m. {]‑mØ‑m-\‑n-I I‑q-«‑m-b‑v-a c‑q-]-s¸-S‑m\‑p‑w A-ä‑p-t]‑m-I‑p-¶ _-Ô-§Ä h‑n-f-¡‑n-t¨À-¡‑m-\‑p‑w A-X‑p-h-g‑n k‑m-[‑n-¡‑p‑w.

k‑n-b‑m-d-¯‑v S‑qÀ S‑q-d‑n-k-¯‑n-sâ ]‑p-X‑n-b taJ-e-IÄ X‑p-d-¡-s¸-S‑p-I-b‑p‑w Ab k‑w-Ø‑m-\-§-f‑n-te-¡‑p‑w c‑m-j‑v-{S-§-f‑n-te-¡‑p‑w \‑n-c-´-c‑w b‑m-{X-IÄ \-S-¯‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN¿‑p-¶ C-¶-s¯ k‑m-l-N-c‑y¯‑n b‑m-{X‑m-{]‑n-b-c‑m-b-h-sc a-l‑m-·‑m-c‑p-sS a-J‑m-a‑p-I-f‑n-te¡‑v X‑oÀ-°‑m-S-\-¯‑n-\‑v sI‑m-ï‑pt]‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑v B-tL‑m-j-¯‑n-sâ `‑m-K‑w X-s¶-b‑m-W‑v. d-a-f‑m³ B-c‑m-[-\-I-f‑n-e‑q-sS BÀ-P‑n-s¨S‑p-¯ B-ß‑o-b‑m-\‑p-`‑q-X‑n \‑n-e\‑nÀ-¯‑m-\‑p‑w h‑o-ï‑p‑w A-c‑p-X‑mb‑v-a-I-f‑n-te-¡‑p‑w h-g‑p-X‑n-h‑o-g‑m-X‑nc‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w k-l‑m-b-I-a‑m-I‑p-¶ b‑m-{X-b‑m-I-W-sa-¶‑p a‑m-{X‑w. al‑m-ß‑m-¡-f‑p-sS a-J‑v-_-d-I-f‑n \‑n-¶‑p‑w B-ß‑o-b-a‑m-b k-l‑mb‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p‑w (X‑p-l‑v-^-X‑p a‑pl‑v-X‑m-P‑v). a-c‑n-¨‑p-t]‑m-b _-Ô‑p-¡f‑p-sS J-_‑v-d‑p-IÄ k-µÀ-i‑n¨‑v {]‑mÀ-°-\ \-S-¯‑p-¶-X‑p‑w \-Ã-X‑m-W‑v. A-hÀ D-t]-£‑n-¨‑pt]‑m-b h-k‑v-X‑p-h-I-IÄ I-¿-S¡‑n A-\‑p-`-h‑n-¡‑p-¶ I‑p-S‑p‑w-_‑m‑wK-§Ä B-tL‑m-j th-f-I-f‑n A-h-sc a-d-¡‑p-¶-sX-§-s\? s]-c‑p-¶‑mÄ B-tL‑m-j‑w P‑o-h‑n¨‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-h-c‑p‑w a-c-W-s¸-«-h-c‑pa‑m-b‑p-Å k‑u-l‑r-Z‑w ]‑p-X‑p-¡‑m\‑p-]-I-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑m-I-s«.

h‑n-t\‑m-Z-h‑p‑w b‑m-{X-b‑p‑w \‑n-_-Ô-\-I-tf‑m-sS Z‑o³ A-\‑p-h-Z‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. F-¶‑m a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-§-f‑n hÀ-[‑n-¨‑p-h-c‑p-¶ h‑n-t\‑m-Z-k©‑m-c-§-f‑p‑w h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k Ø‑m-]-\-§-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v ]‑p-d-s¸-S‑p-¶ S‑q-d‑pI-f‑p‑w F-{X-t¯‑m-f‑w l-e‑m-e‑m-sW-¶‑v B-te‑m-N‑n-t¡-ï-X‑p-ï‑v

S‑q-d‑n \-ã-a‑m-I‑p-¶

]-c-te‑m-I-P‑o-h‑n-X‑w b-m-kÀ A-d-^-m-¯-v \-q-d-m-\-n

G

-sX‑m-c‑p h‑n-i‑m-k‑n-¡‑p‑w k-l‑n-¡‑m³ I-g‑nb‑m-¯ \-ã-a‑m-W‑v A-´‑y-\‑m-f‑n-se ]-c‑m-Pb‑w. a-c-W-ti-j‑w H-c‑p P‑o-h‑n-X-a‑p-sï-¶‑p‑w A-X‑m-W‑v- i‑mi‑z-X-sa-¶‑p‑w h‑n-i‑z-k‑n-¡‑p-¶ a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w-IÄ-¡‑v ]-c-te‑m-Ih‑n-P-b‑w t\-S‑n-sb-S‑p-¡‑p-I F-¶-X‑v D-Å‑n sI‑m-ï‑p-\-S¡‑p-¶ G-ä-h‑p‑w h-e‑n-b k‑z-]‑v-\-a‑m-W‑v. C‑u k‑z-]‑v-\‑w k‑m£‑mÂ-¡-c‑n-¡‑m³ _-l‑p-h‑n-[ a‑mÀ-K-§-f‑m-W‑v- h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n¡‑v a‑p-¼‑n-e‑p-Å-X‑v. A-¯-c‑w \-·-I-f‑p-sS h-g‑n-IÄ a-X‑w h‑n-i-Z-a‑m-b‑n ]-c‑n-N-b-s¸-S‑p-¯‑n-b‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. A-tX-k-a-b‑w, P‑o-h‑n-X-¯‑n-se N‑n-e k‑m-[‑m-c-W {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä A-{i-²-a‑m-b‑n ssI-I‑m-c‑y‑w sN-¿‑p-I hg‑n C-l-te‑m-I-h‑p‑w ]-c-te‑m-I-h‑p‑w \-ã-s¸-S‑p-¯‑p-¶ N‑ne-c‑p-ï‑v. A-\‑p-h-Z-\‑o-b-a‑m-b-X‑p‑w \‑n-j‑n-²-a‑m-b-X‑p‑w h-f-

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Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

sc h‑y-à-a‑m-b‑n C-k‑v-e‑m‑w ] T‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-sh-¦‑n-e‑p‑w \‑n-X‑yP‑o-h‑n-X-¯‑n-se ]-e I‑m-c‑y-§f‑p‑w A-¯-c‑w B-f‑p-IÄ-¡‑v i-c‑oA-¯‑v \‑n-b-a-§-f‑p-sS A-X‑nÀh-c-¼‑p-IÄ-¡‑v ]‑p-d-¯‑m-W‑v. {]-tX‑y-I‑n-¨‑v, k‑z-´‑w a-¡-f‑p-sS I‑m-c‑y-§-f‑nÂ. ]-e h‑n-«‑p-h‑o-g‑v-NIÄ-¡‑p‑w C-¡‑m-c‑y-¯‑n \‑m‑w X-¿‑m-d‑m-h‑p-¶‑p. C-§-s\ A-{i²-a‑m-b‑n ssI-I‑m-c‑y‑w sN-¿‑p-¶ H-¶‑m-W‑v A-h-c‑p-sS h‑n-t\‑m-Zb‑m-{X. h‑n-t\‑m-Z-h‑p‑w b‑m-{X-b‑p‑w \‑n_-Ô-\-I-tf‑m-sS Z‑o³ A-\‑p-hZ‑n-¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. F-¶‑m a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-§-f‑n hÀ-[‑n-¨‑p-hc‑p-¶ h‑n-t\‑m-Z-k-©‑m-c-§-f‑p‑w h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k Ø‑m-]-\-§-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v ]‑p-d-s¸-S‑p-¶ S‑q-d‑p-I-f‑p‑w F-{X-t¯‑m-f‑w l-e‑m-e‑m-sW¶‑v B-te‑m-N‑n-t¡-ï-X‑p-ï‑v. B-W‑p‑w s]-®‑p‑w C-S-I-e-c‑p¶‑p F-¶-X‑n-\-¸‑p-d‑w a-X-]-c-h‑p‑w k‑m‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c‑n-I-h‑p-a‑m-b \‑n-c-h-[‑n tN‑m-Z‑y-§-f‑m-W‑v C-¶-s¯ b‑m{X-IÄ D-bÀ-¯‑p-¶-X‑v. C‑u a-[‑y-th-\-e-h-[‑n-¡‑me-¯‑v \-S-¶ H-c‑p k‑w-`-h‑w C‑u h‑n-j-b-¯‑n-sâ K‑u-c-h‑w t_‑m[‑y-s¸-S‑p-¯‑p-¶‑p. ]-¯‑m‑w X-c‑w h‑n-Z‑y‑mÀ-°‑n-IÄ-¡‑m-b‑n tI‑m-g‑nt¡‑m-S‑v P‑n-Ã-b‑n-se H-c‑p {]-a‑p-J k‑v-I‑qÄ k‑w-L-S‑n-¸‑n-¨ S‑q-d‑n-\‑v t]‑m-b h‑n-Z‑y‑mÀ-°‑n-I-f‑n I‑p-«‑n¡‑m-e‑w a‑p-X B-ß‑o-b‑m-´-c‑o£-¯‑n h-fÀ-¶‑p h-¶ H-c‑p a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w s]¬-I‑p-«‑n-b‑p‑w D-ï‑mb‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. X-d-h‑m-«‑p-I‑m-c‑p‑w {]-a‑mW‑n-a‑m-c‑p-a‑m-b h‑o-«‑p-I‑mÀ B-Z‑y‑w C‑u S‑q-d‑n-\‑v t]‑m-I‑m³ A-\‑p-h‑mZ‑w sI‑m-S‑p-¯‑n-Ã. H-¶‑m‑w X-c‑w a‑p-X ]-¯‑p-h-sc H-c‑p S‑q-d‑n-\‑p‑w C‑u h‑n-Z‑y‑mÀ-°‑n-\‑n t]‑m-b‑n-«‑n-Ã. a‑m-X‑m-]‑n-X‑m-¡Ä A-\‑p-h-Z‑n-¨‑n-à F-¶-X‑m-W‑v i-c‑n. ]-g-b N‑n-´‑mK-X‑n-¡‑m-c‑m-sW-¶‑p‑w C-\‑n-b‑p‑w t\-c‑w sh-f‑p-¡‑m-¯-h-c‑m-sW¶‑p-a‑p-Å B-t£-]-§-sf‑m-¶‑p‑w a‑m-X‑m-]‑n-X‑m-¡Ä sN-h‑n sI‑mï‑n-Ã. a-I-f‑p-sS Z‑o³ \-ã-s¸S‑p-¯‑p-¶ C-¯-c‑w b‑m-{X-IÄ¡‑v A-hÀ H-c‑p ]‑n-´‑p-W-b‑p‑w \Â-I‑n-b‑n-Ã. A-h-k‑m-\‑w I‑p-«‑nb‑p-sS \‑nÀ-_-Ô-¯‑n-\‑p h-g-§‑n, ]-¯‑m‑w ¢‑m-k‑v A-h-k‑m-\-a‑msW-¶‑p‑w C‑u b‑m-{X \‑nÀ-_-Ôa‑m-sW-¶‑p‑w A-[‑y‑m-]-IÀ t\-c‑n-

«‑p-h-¶‑p ]-d-ª-t¸‑mÄ ]‑n-X‑mh‑v k-½-X‑w a‑q-f‑p-I-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. UÂ-l‑n-b‑n-te-¡‑v ]-¯‑p Z‑n-h-ks¯ b‑m-{X-b‑m-W‑v. B¬-I‑p-«‑nI-f‑p‑w s]¬-I‑p-«‑n-I-f‑p-a‑m-b‑n \‑qtd‑m-f‑w t]-c‑p-ï‑v. b‑m-{X I-g‑n-sª-¯‑n-b a-If‑p-sS k‑z-`‑m-h-h‑p‑w P‑o-h‑n-X-c‑o-X‑nb‑p‑w {]-I-S-a‑m-b‑n a‑m-d‑n-¯‑p-S-§‑nsb-¶‑v ]‑n-X‑m-h‑v X‑n-c‑n-¨-d‑n-ª‑p. ]-X‑n-h‑m-b‑n J‑pÀ-B³ H‑m-X‑n-b‑nc‑p-¶ a-IÄ C-t¸‑mÄ k‑w-K‑o-X¯‑n-sâ A-S‑n-a-b‑m-W‑v. h-k‑v-{X [‑m-c-W-¯‑n-e‑p‑w a‑p-¼-s¯ {i-²b‑n-Ã. a‑p-X‑nÀ-¶-h-tc‑m-S‑v I-bÀ¯‑p k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑m³ X‑p-S-§‑nb‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. H-c‑p b‑m-{X sI‑mï‑v a-IÄ C-{X-sb‑m-s¡ a‑m-d‑nt¸‑m-I‑p-ta‑m F-¶‑v t]‑m-e‑p‑w B ]‑n-X‑m-h‑v k‑w-i-b‑n-¨‑p. A-§-s\b‑m-W‑v A-b‑mÄ a-I-sf H-c‑p a\‑x-i‑m-k‑v-{X-Ú-s\ I‑m-W‑n-¡‑p¶-X‑v. C-¯-c‑w b‑m-{X-I-f‑n Dï‑m-I‑p-¶ A-\‑p-`-h-§Ä I‑p-«‑nI-f‑p-sS a-\-Ê‑n-s\ F-{X-a‑m-{X‑w k‑z‑m-[‑o-\‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p F-¶‑p‑w A-X\‑p-k-c‑n-¨‑v I‑p-«‑n-IÄ F-§-s\sb‑m-s¡ a‑m-d‑p-¶‑p-sh-¶‑p‑w tU‑mÎÀ h‑n-i-Z‑o-I-c‑n-¨‑p. b‑m-{X-b‑p-sS B-Z‑y-Z‑n-\‑w a‑p-X B-c‑w-`‑n-¨ ]‑m-«‑p‑w U‑m³-k‑p‑w H-S‑p-¡‑w hsc X‑p-SÀ-¶‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. BÀ-¸‑p-h‑n-f‑nI-f‑p‑w B-tL‑m-j-§-f‑p‑w a‑m-{Xta b‑m-{X-b‑n-e‑p-S-\‑o-f‑w D-ï‑m-b‑nc‑p-¶‑p-Å‑q. C-{X-b‑p-a-[‑n-I‑w I‑p«‑n-I-sf \‑n-b-{´‑n-¡‑m³ S‑q-d‑n D-ï‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶-X‑v c-ï‑v A-[‑y‑m-]IÀ a‑m-{X‑w. H-c‑p \‑n-b-{´-W-h‑p-

b‑m-{X I-g‑n-sª-¯‑n-b a-I-f‑p-sS k‑z-`‑m-h-h‑p‑w P‑o-h‑n-X-c‑o-X‑n-b‑p‑w {]-IS-a‑m-b‑n a‑m-d‑n-¯‑p-S-§‑nsb-¶‑v ]‑n-X‑m-h‑v X‑n-c‑n-¨-d‑nª‑p. ]-X‑n-h‑m-b‑n J‑pÀB³ H‑m-X‑n-b‑n-c‑p-¶ aIÄ C-t¸‑mÄ k‑w-K‑o-X¯‑n-sâ A-S‑n-a-b‑m-W‑v. h-k‑v-{X [‑m-c-W-¯‑n-e‑p‑w a‑p-¼-s¯ {i-²-b‑n-Ã

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

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a‑n-Ã‑m-sX A-hÀ I‑p-«‑n-I-sf I-bd‑q-c‑n h‑n-S‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X‑p. C-X‑v H-ä-s¸-« A-\‑p-`-h-a-Ã. k‑v-I‑q-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v S‑qÀ F-¶ t]c‑n b‑m-{X ]‑p-d-s¸-S‑p-¶ ]-cÈ-X‑w h‑n-Z‑y‑mÀ-°‑n-I-f‑p-sS-b‑p‑w ]-c‑n-W‑m-a-a‑n-X‑m-W‑v. C-{X-b‑p‑w I‑m-e‑w P‑o-h‑n-X-¯‑n I‑m-¯‑p k‑q-£‑n-¨ B-ß‑o-b-X-b‑p‑w a‑q-e‑y§-f‑p‑w H-c‑p b‑m-{X-sI‑m-ï‑v I-fª‑p I‑p-f‑n-¡‑p-¶ C‑u ]-c‑n-]‑m-S‑n \‑n-b-{´‑n-t¨ ]-ä‑q. c-£‑n-X‑m-¡Ä X-s¶-b‑m-W‑v A-X‑n-\‑p a‑p³I-s¿-S‑p-t¡-ï-X‑v. F-´‑m-W‑v C-¯-c‑w b‑m-{X-I-f‑n-e‑q-sS a-¡Ä¡‑v e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶-sX-¶‑v a‑m-{X‑w B-te‑m-N‑n-¨‑m A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-s\ `-b-¡‑p-¶ H-c‑p c-£‑n-X‑m-h‑p‑w a¡-sf b‑m-{X-¡-b-¡‑n-Ã. F-{X k-½À-Z‑w D-ï‑m-b‑m-e‑p‑w a-¡-f‑psS B-J‑n-d‑w a‑m-{X‑w N‑n-´‑n-¨‑v X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-\-sa-S‑p-¡-W‑w. A-h-c‑psS `‑m-h‑n-¡‑v A-X‑m-W‑v- G-ä-h‑p‑w \-Ã-X‑v. ]-I-c-a‑m-b‑n b‑m-{X-IÄ I‑p-S‑p‑w-_-t¯‑m-sS‑m-¸‑w a‑m-{X-a‑m¡‑p-I. a‑m-X‑m-]‑n-X‑m-¡-tf‑m-sS‑m-¸a‑p-Å k‑p-c-£‑n-X-a‑m-b b‑m-{XIÄ H-g‑n-h-\‑p-k-c‑n-¨‑v B-k‑q-{XW‑w sN-¿‑p-I-b‑p‑w th-W‑w. F{X A-S‑p-¸-a‑p-Å I‑q-«‑p-I‑m-c‑m-W‑v k-l-b‑m-{X‑n-I-sc-¦‑n-e‑p‑w c-£‑nX‑m-¡-f‑n-sÃ-¦‑n A-h-tc‑m-sS‑m¸‑w a-¡-sf A-b-¡‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-I. C‑u P‑m-{K-X F-t¸‑m-g‑p‑w D-ï‑mb‑n-c‑n-¡-W‑w. b‑m-{X-sb i-à-a‑m-b‑n t{]‑mÕ‑m-l‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w A-X‑n-s\ kÂ-IÀ-a-a‑m-b‑n h‑n-i-Z‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑pI-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X a-X-h‑p‑w P‑o-h‑n-X ZÀ-i-\-h‑p-a‑m-W‑v C-k‑v-e‑m‑w. h‑ni‑p-² J‑pÀ-B-\‑n-e‑p‑w \-_‑n-N-c‑yb‑n-e‑p‑w C-X‑n-s\-¡‑p-d‑n-¨‑v i-àa‑m-b {]-X‑n-]‑m-Z-\-§-f‑p-ï‑v. AÃ‑m-l‑p ]-d-b‑p-¶‑p: "C‑u P-\‑w `‑q-a‑n-b‑n k-©-c‑n-¨‑n-«‑n-sÃ-t¶‑m, A-hÀ-¡‑v {K-l‑n-¡‑p-¶ a-\-Ê‑pI-f‑p‑w tIÄ-¡‑p-¶ I‑m-X‑p-If‑p‑w D-ï‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑v? F-¶‑m I-®‑p-I-f-à A-Ô-a‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑v; {]-X‑y‑p-X, a‑m-d‑n-S-§-f‑n-e‑p-Å l‑rZ-b-§-f‑m-W‑v A-Ô-a‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑v' (h‑n.J‑p 22/46). A-h-tc‑m-S‑v ]-db‑p-I: "`‑q-a‑n-b‑n k-©-c‑n-¨‑p \‑n-c‑o-£‑n-¡‑p-I. F-§-s\-b‑mW-h³ k‑r-ã‑n X‑p-S-§‑n-b‑n-«‑p-ÅsX-¶‑v.]‑n-¶‑o-S-Ã‑m-l‑p a-sä‑m-c‑n¡Â I‑q-S‑n P‑o-h‑n-X‑w \Â-I‑p‑w. \‑n-Ý-b‑w A-Ã‑m-l‑p k-I-e k‑w-

K-X‑n-IÄ-¡‑p‑w I-g‑n-h‑p-ä-h-\-tÃ‑m? (h‑n.J‑p 29/20). ]-d-b‑p-I: `‑q-a‑nb‑n-se‑m-¶‑p k-©-c‑n-¨‑p-t\‑m-¡‑ph‑o³; [‑n-¡‑m-c‑n-I-f‑p-sS ]-c‑y‑m-hk‑m-\‑w F-§-s\-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p-sh¶‑v (h‑n.J‑p, 27/69). C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-se b‑m-{X-IÄ-¡‑v ]-e-h‑n-[ e-£‑y-§-f‑p-ï‑v. AX‑n k‑p-{]-[‑m-\-h‑p‑w t{i-j‑vTI-c-h‑p‑w A-d‑n-h‑v I-c-Ø-a‑m-¡Â X-s¶-b‑m-W‑v. A-d‑n-h‑v tX-S‑n b‑m{X sN-¿‑p-¶-h-\‑v k‑zÀ-K-¯‑n-te¡‑p-Å h-g‑n A-Ã‑m-l‑p F-f‑p-¸-a‑m¡‑p-sa-¶‑m-W‑v X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(k‑z) ]-d-ª-X‑v. \-_‑n(k‑z)b‑p-sS I‑me-¯‑p‑w ]‑nÂ-I‑m-e-¯‑p‑w P‑o-h‑n¨-h-c‑p-sS A-d‑n-h‑v-tX-S‑n-b‑p-Å b‑m-{X-I-sf-¡‑p-d‑n-¨‑v h‑n-k‑v-a-b-`c‑n-X-a‑m-b k‑w-`-h-§Ä N-c‑n-{X‑w \-a‑p-¡‑v ]-d-ª‑p X-c‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v. C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-se c-ï‑m-a-s¯ AS‑n-Ø‑m-\ {]-a‑m-W-a‑m-b l-Z‑ok‑v ti-J-c-W‑mÀ-°‑w C-a‑m‑w _‑pJ‑m-c‑n(d)sb-b‑p‑w C-a‑m‑w a‑p-k‑v-e‑na‑n(d)s\-b‑p‑w t]‑m-se-b‑p-Å lZ‑o-k‑v ]-Þ‑n-X-·‑mÀ \-S-¯‑n-b b‑m-{X-I-f‑p‑w, h‑n-Ú‑m-\ k-¼‑mZ-\‑mÀ-°‑w C-a‑m‑w i‑m-^‑n-C‑u(d), C-a‑m‑w A-_‑q-l-\‑o-^(d) t]‑me‑p-Å IÀ-a-i‑m-k‑v-{X ]-Þ‑nXÀ \-S-¯‑n-b b‑m-{X-I-f‑p‑w, i‑m-k‑v-{X‑o-b, ssh-Z‑y-i‑m-k‑v-{X, tK‑m-f-i‑m-k‑v-{X, X-¯‑z-i‑m-k‑v{X, k‑m-a‑q-l‑n-I i‑m-k‑v-{X taJ-e-I-f‑n C-a‑m‑w K-Ê‑m-e‑n(d) b‑p‑w, C-_‑v-\‑p k‑o-\-b‑p‑w ^‑md‑m-_‑n-b‑p‑w C-_‑v-\‑p JÂ-Z‑q-\‑p‑w \-S-¯‑n-b b‑m-{X-I-f‑p‑w X‑p-e‑y-Xb‑n-Ã‑m-¯ Bßob b‑m-{X-IÄ X-s¶-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑nI \‑m-K-c‑n-I N-c‑n-{X-¯‑n-se Gä-h‑p‑w h-e‑n-b ssh-Ú‑m-\‑n-I tI-{µ-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶ k‑v-s]-b‑n-\‑nte-¡‑v A-¡‑m-e-¯‑v te‑m-I-¯‑nsâ ]-e-`‑m-K-¯‑p \‑n-¶‑p-a‑p-Å B-f‑p-IÄ h‑n-Ú‑m-\‑w tX-S‑n \-S-¯‑n-b b‑m-{X-I-f‑p‑w ]‑nÂ-I‑me-¯‑v te‑m-I-¯‑n-sâ ]-e-`‑m-K§-f‑n-e‑p-Å kÀ-h-I-e‑m-i‑m-eI-f‑n-te-¡‑v h‑n-Ú‑m-\ k-¼‑m-Z\‑mÀ-°‑w \-S-¯‑n-b b‑m-{X-I-f‑p‑w C-¯-c-¯‑n-e‑p-Å-h-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. C-¶-X‑v h-e‑n-b tX‑m-X‑n hÀ-[‑n¨‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. C-k‑v-e‑m-a‑n-se b‑m-{X-I-f‑psS a-sä‑m-c‑p-e-£‑y‑w A-Ã‑m-l‑ph‑n-sâ A-]‑m-c-a‑m-b Z‑r-ã‑m-´§-f‑p-sS ZÀ-i-\-h‑p‑w A-X‑n-e‑q-sS

k‑z-´‑w \‑m-Y-s\ X‑n-c‑n-¨-d‑n-b-e‑pa‑m-W‑v. J‑pÀ-B-\‑n-se k‑q-à§Ä-¡‑p‑w {]-I‑r-X‑n-b‑n-se Z‑r-ã‑m´-§Ä-¡‑p‑w "B-b-¯‑v' F-¶ H-tc A-d-_‑n-]-Z‑w D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¨X‑v sh-d‑p-sX-b-Ã. h‑m-b-\-b‑p-sS ]‑p-X‑n-b X-e-§-sf-b‑m-W‑v A-h ]-c‑n-N-b-s¸-S‑p-¯‑p-¶-X‑v. J‑pÀ-B\‑n-se k‑zÀ-K-s¯-¡‑p-d‑n-¨‑p-Å hÀ-W-\-IÄ t_‑m-[‑y-a‑m-I‑m³ b‑m-{X sN-b‑v-tX a-X‑n-b‑m-I‑q. D]-P‑o-h-\‑w tX-S‑n-b‑p-Å b‑m-{X-If‑p‑w kÂ-IÀ-a‑w X-s¶. {]-h‑mN-IÀ(-k‑z)b‑p‑w k‑z-l‑m-_‑n-I-f‑p‑w \-S-¯‑n-b I-¨-h-S-b‑m-{X-IÄ CX‑n-\‑p-Å D-¯-a D-Z‑m-l-c-W-§f‑m-W‑v. KÄ-^‑v {]-h‑m-k-h‑p‑w C‑u K-W-¯‑n {]-[‑m-\‑w. D-¯-aa‑m-b k‑w-k‑v-I‑m-c-§-f‑p-sS ssIa‑m-ä‑w b‑m-{X-I-f‑p-sS a-sä‑m-c‑p a‑pJ‑y e-£‑y-a‑m-W‑v. D-¯-a-a‑m-b Hc‑p te‑m-I-¯‑n-sâ ]‑n-d-h‑n-¡‑m-W‑v C-¯-c‑w ssI-a‑m-ä-§Ä \‑n-a‑n-¯a‑m-I‑p-I. k-Ö-\-§-f‑p-a‑m-b‑p-Å k-l-h‑m-k-§-f‑p‑w C-S-]-g-I-e‑pI-f‑p‑w t{i-j‑vT-a‑m-b h‑y-à‑n-X‑z§Ä-¡‑v ]‑n-d-h‑n \Â-I‑p-¶‑p. Bß‑o-b-X tX-S‑n-b‑p-Å aJv-_-d-Ifn-te¡pw a-äp-apÅ b‑m-{X-IÄ \-a‑p-¡‑v k‑p-{]-[‑m-\-a‑m-W-tÃ‑m. l-Ö‑v b‑m-{X C-X‑n G-ä-h‑p‑w D-¶-X-Ø‑m-\-¯‑m-W‑v. C-a‑m‑w K-Ê‑m-e‑n(d)sb-t¸‑m-e‑p-Å-hÀ \-S-¯‑n-b B-ß‑o-b b‑m-{X-I-f‑p‑w K‑p-W-I-c‑w X-s¶. C-_‑v-\‑p D-aÀ(d)sâ N‑p-ae‑n ssI-sh-¨‑v \-_‑n(k‑z) ]-dª‑p: "\‑o C-l-te‑m-I-¯‑v Hc‑p {]-h‑m-k‑n-sb-t¸‑m-se A-sæ‑n h-g‑n-t]‑m-¡-s\-t¸‑m-se-b‑mb‑n-c‑n-¡-W‑w.' \-a‑p-¡‑v C-\‑n-b‑p‑w A-t\-I‑w Z‑q-c‑w k-©-c‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-ï‑v. a-c-W ti-j‑w {k-ã‑m-h‑n-te-¡‑p-Å B k-©‑m-c-¯‑n-\‑v th-ï h‑n-`-h§Ä k‑w-`-c‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-Å H-c‑n-S‑w a‑m-{X-a‑m-W‑v Z‑p-\‑n-b‑m-h‑v. A-sæ‑n B k‑p-Z‑oÀ-L-a‑m-b b‑m-{Xb‑n \-½Ä i‑m-i‑z-X-a‑m-b Z‑pc‑n-X-a-\‑p-`-h‑n-t¡-ï‑n h-c‑p‑w. b‑m{X X‑p-S-§‑n-b ti-j‑w tJ-Z‑n-¨‑n-«‑v b‑m-sX‑m-c‑p ^-e-h‑p-a‑n-Ã. A-X‑n\‑m P‑o-h‑n-X-b‑m-Y‑mÀ-°‑y‑w X‑nc‑n-¨-d‑n-ª‑v k-©‑m-c‑w X‑p-S-c‑p-I. l‑r-Z-b-¯‑n-\‑v A-Ô-X _‑m-[‑n¡‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w P‑o-h‑n-X‑w h‑n-Pb-I-c-a‑m-I‑m-\‑p‑w A-X‑v I‑q-S‑n-tb X‑o-c‑q.

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I-f‑n-b‑p‑w h‑n-t\‑m-Z-h‑p‑w B-hi‑y-a‑m-W‑v. k-K‑u-c-h‑w I‑m-c‑y-§f‑n a‑p-g‑p-I‑n-b‑m t_‑m-d-S‑n-¡‑p¶-hÀ-¡‑p h‑n-ti-j‑n-¨‑p‑w. h‑o-S‑n-\I-s¯ D-¯-a I‑q-«‑p-I‑m-c‑n-b‑m-b `‑m-c‑y-tb‑m-S‑v h‑n-t\‑m-Z-¯‑n-teÀs¸-S‑m-¯-h-\‑p P‑o-h‑n-X-¯‑n-sâ c-k‑w X-s¶ \-ã-s¸-«‑p-t]‑msb-¶ \-_‑n-h-N-\‑w h‑n-t\‑m-Z¯‑n-sâ t\-«-¯‑n-te-¡‑v h‑n-cÂN‑q-ï‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v. h‑n-th-I-a‑p-Å a-\‑p-j‑y³ If‑n-b‑p‑w I‑m-c‑y-h‑p‑w X‑n-c‑n-¨-d‑n-bW‑w. d-k‑qÂ(k‑z) ]-d-ª‑p: h‑nt\‑m-Z‑w a‑q-¶‑v I‑m-c‑y-§-f‑n-e‑m-W‑v. \‑n-sâ I‑p-X‑n-c-¡‑v ]-c‑n-i‑o-e-\‑w \Â-I‑p-I, \‑n-sâ h‑n-sÃ-S‑p-¯‑v A-k‑v-{X-sa-b‑v-¯‑p \-S-¯‑p-I, \‑nsâ k-l-[À-a‑n-W‑n-b‑p-a‑m-b‑n kÃ-]‑n-¡‑p-I (l‑m-I‑n‑w). X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(k‑z) A-c‑p-f‑n: ae-¡‑p-I-f‑p-sS k‑m-¶‑n-[‑y-a‑p-Å h‑n-t\‑m-Z-§Ä a‑q-s¶-®‑a‑m-W‑v. ]‑p-c‑p-j³ X-sâ `‑m-c‑y-tb‑msS‑m-¸‑w h‑n-t\‑m-Z‑n-¡‑p-I, I‑pX‑n-c-tb‑m-« a-Õ-c‑w \-S-¯‑p-I, A-s¼-b‑v-¯‑p a-Õ-c‑w \-S-¯‑p-I (l‑m-I‑n‑w). \-_‑n(k‑z)b‑p-sS k-l‑m-_¯‑v h‑n-t\‑m-Z-h‑p‑w X-a‑m-i-b‑p‑w AÂ-]‑w hÀ-[‑n-¸‑n-¨-t¸‑mÄ AÃ‑m-l‑p A-h-X-c‑n-¸‑n-¨ J‑pÀ-B³ h‑m-I‑y‑w C-{]-I‑m-c‑w: k-X‑y-h‑ni‑z‑m-k‑n-IÄ-¡‑v A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-s\b‑p‑w A-h-\‑n \‑n-¶-h-X‑oÀ-Wa‑m-b J‑pÀ-B-\‑n-s\-b‑p‑w H‑mÀ¯‑p X-§-f‑p-sS l‑r-Z-b-§Ä `-b‑w sI‑m-Å‑p-h‑m³ C-\‑n-b‑p‑w k-a-b-a‑m-b‑n-tÃ. X-§Ä-¡‑v a‑p-¼‑v th-Z‑w \Â-I-s¸-« P‑q-X-{I‑n-k‑vX‑o-b h‑n-`‑m-K‑w I‑m-e-¸-g-¡‑w sN¶-t¸‑mÄ A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-s\ I‑pd‑n-t¨‑mÀ-¡‑m-\‑p‑w k‑v-a-c‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w I-g‑n-b‑m-sX A-h-c‑p-sS l‑r-Z-b‑w {`‑m-´-a‑m-b h‑n-t\‑m-Z-{]‑n-b-¯‑m I-S‑p-¯‑p-t]‑m-b-X‑p t]‑m-se kX‑y-h‑n-i‑z‑m-k‑n-IÄ B-I‑m-X‑n-c‑n¡‑m-\‑p‑w C-\‑n-b‑p‑w k-a-b-a‑m-b‑ntÃ? (57/16). N‑p-c‑p-¡-¯‑nÂ, S‑q-d‑p-IÄ B-J‑n-d‑w \-ã-s¸-S‑m-\‑p-Å I‑mc-W-a‑m-I-c‑p-X‑v. ]-c-te‑m-I‑w \-ã-s¸-S‑p-¯‑n Z‑p-\‑n-b‑m-h‑v a‑p-g‑ph³ t\-S‑n-sb-S‑p-¡‑p-¶-X‑n F{X-a‑m-{X‑w ]-c‑m-P-b-a‑m-W‑p-Å-X‑v.

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

h³-I‑n-S ]-²-X‑n-IÄ ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n-¡‑p-ï‑m-¡‑p-¶ \‑m-i‑w, D-X‑v-]‑m-Z‑n-¸‑n¡-s¸-S‑p-¶ D‑uÀ-P-t¯-¡‑mÄ a‑q-e‑y-a‑p-Å-X‑m-sW-¶‑m-W‑v D-b-c‑p-¶ h‑m-Z‑w. A-X‑v G-sd-¡‑p-sd i-c‑n-b‑m-W‑v X‑m-\‑p‑w

hnIk-\w ]-cn-Øn-Xn

]-cn-K-Wn-¨mhWw cmPo-hv i-¦c³

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sa-K‑m-h‑m-«‑v ssh-Z‑y‑p-X‑n h‑o-X‑w D-X‑v-]‑m-Z‑n-¸‑n¡‑m³ ti-j‑n-b‑p-Å \‑m-e‑v b‑q-W‑n-ä‑p-IÄ. a-e¸‑p-d‑w, ]‑m-e-¡‑m-S‑v P‑n-Ã-I-f‑n-e‑m-b‑n 100 N-X‑p-c-{i I‑n-te‑ma‑o-äÀ {]-tZ-i-¯‑v P-e-tk-N-\ k‑u-I-c‑y‑w. I‑p-´‑n-¸‑p-g-¡‑v I‑p-d‑p-sI ssk-eâ‑v h‑m-e‑n-b‑n A-W-s¡-«‑v \‑nÀ-a‑n-¨‑v Pe-ssh-Z‑y‑p-X ]-²-X‑n B-c‑w-`‑n-¡‑m³ B-te‑m-N‑n-¨-t¸‑mÄ `-c-W k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-\‑w a‑p-t¶‑m-«‑p-sh-¨ ta‑m-l‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶ IW-¡‑m-W‑n-X‑v. ]-²-X‑n-b‑p-sS B-sI sN-e-h‑v 25 tI‑m-S‑n a‑m-{X‑w. 1970þ B-c‑w-`‑n-¨ H-c‑p Z-i-I‑w ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n k‑wc-£-W-¯‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n-b‑p-Å h-e‑n-b k-a-c-¯‑n-tâ-X‑m-¡‑n a‑m-ä‑n-b-X‑v ssk-eâ‑v h‑m-e‑n-b‑n \‑nÀ-tZ-i‑n-¡-s¸-« C‑u ]-²-X‑n-sb-s¨‑m-Ã‑n-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. I‑p-d-ª sN-e-h‑n {]-X‑n-hÀ-j‑w 240 sa-K‑m-h‑m-«‑v

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

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ssh-Z‑y‑p-X‑n D-X‑v-]‑m-Z‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶X‑n-t\-¡‑m-f‑p‑w 100 N-X‑p-c-{i I‑nte‑m-a‑o-ä-d‑n P-e-tk-N-\ k‑uI-c‑y-a‑p-d-¸‑m-¡‑n I‑mÀ-j‑n-tI‑mX‑v-]‑m-Z-\‑w hÀ-[‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑nt\-¡‑m-f‑p‑w {]-[‑m-\-a‑m-W‑v 8.3 N-X‑p-c-{i I‑n-te‑m-a‑o-äÀ {]-tZ-is¯ h-\‑w k‑w-c-£‑n-t¡-ïX‑v F-¶‑v X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-\‑n-¡-s¸-«‑p. ]-²-X‑n-s¡-X‑n-sc P-\-h‑n-I‑m-c‑w D-bÀ-¯‑n-s¡‑m-ï‑p-h-c‑p-¶-X‑n C-¶‑v I‑m-W‑p-¶ k‑u-I-c‑y-§sf‑m-¶‑p-a‑n-Ã‑m-X‑n-c‑p-¶ I‑m-e-¯‑v, ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n-sb k‑v-t\-l‑n-¡‑p-¶hÀ-¡‑v k‑m-[‑n-¨‑p. k‑n A-N‑y‑p-Xta-t\‑m³, sI I-c‑p-W‑m-I-c³, F sI Bâ-W‑n, C sI \‑mb-\‑mÀ F-¶‑o P-\-]‑n-´‑p-W-b‑pÅ-h-sc-¶‑v tI-c-f‑w h‑n-e-b‑n-c‑p¯‑p-¶ t\-X‑m-¡-f‑p-sS t\-X‑rX‑z-¯‑n-e‑p-Å kÀ-¡‑m-d‑p-IÄ ]‑n-´‑p-W-¨, P-\‑m-[‑n-]-X‑y-h‑m-Z‑nb‑p‑w tk‑m-j‑y-e‑n-Ì‑p-a‑m-b sa‑md‑mÀ-P‑n tZ-i‑m-b‑n- \-S-¸‑m-¡‑m³ \‑nÀ-tZ-i‑n-¨, tI‑m-S-X‑n-IÄ C-Ss]-S‑m³ a-S‑n-¨ ]-²-X‑n F-¡‑m-et¯-¡‑p-a‑m-b‑n a-d-h‑p-sN-¿-s¸-«‑p. ]‑n-¶‑o-S‑v ]‑q-b‑w I‑p-«‑n, sskeâ‑v-h‑m-e‑n-b‑p-sS k-a‑o-]-s¯ ]‑m-{X-¡-S-h‑v X‑p-S-§‑n \‑nÀ-tZ-i‑n¡-s¸-« P-e-ssh-Z‑y‑p-X ]-²-X‑nIÄ ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n-¡‑p-ï‑m-¡‑m-\‑nS-b‑p-Å \‑m-i-¯‑n-sâ t]-c‑n X-S-b-s¸-«‑p. Z-i-I-¯‑n-te-sd¡‑m-e-a‑m-b‑n XÀ-¡-¯‑n-e‑p-Å A-X‑n-c-¸‑n-Å‑n P-e ssh-Z‑y‑p-X ]-²-X‑n-b‑m-W‑v C‑u K-W-¯‑n-se A-h-k‑m-\-t¯-X‑v. C-¯-c‑w h³I‑n-S ]-²-X‑n-IÄ ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n-¡‑pï‑m-¡‑p-¶ \‑m-i‑w, D-X‑v-]‑m-Z‑n-¸‑n¡-s¸-S‑p-¶ D‑uÀ-P-t¯-¡‑mÄ a‑q-e‑y-a‑p-Å-X‑m-sW-¶‑m-W‑v D-bc‑p-¶ h‑m-Z‑w. A-X‑v G-sd-¡‑p-sd i-c‑n-b‑m-W‑v X‑m-\‑p‑w. \-Z‑n-I-sf \-i‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶ a-W-e‑q-ä‑v, I‑p-¶‑p-I-sf X-IÀ¡‑p-¶ J-\-\‑w, h-e‑n-b a-e‑n-\‑oI-c-W‑w k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-¡‑p-¶ I‑o-S-\‑mi‑n-\‑n-IÄ, c‑m-k-h-f-§Ä, A-\‑nb-{´‑n-X-a‑m-I‑p-¶ C-e-I‑v-t{S‑m-W‑nI‑v D-X‑v-]-¶-§Ä, I‑m-e‑m-h-Ø‑m h‑y-X‑n-b‑m-\-¯‑n-\‑v I‑m-c-W-a‑mI‑p-¶ I‑mÀ-_¬ h‑m-X-I-§Ä ]‑p-d-´-Å‑p-¶ C-Ô-\-§Ä, H‑mtk‑m¬ ]‑m-f‑n-¡‑v h‑n-Å-e‑p-ï‑m¡‑p-¶ h‑m-X-I-§-sf ]‑p-d-´Å‑p-¶ i‑o-X‑o-I-c-W‑n-IÄ X‑p-S§‑n ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n-sb tZ‑m-j-I-c-

a‑m-b‑n _‑m-[‑n-¡‑p-¶ C-\-§-f‑p-sS ]-«‑n-I A-\-´-a‑m-b‑n \‑o-f‑p-¶-X‑mW‑v. h-\‑w ssI-tb-ä‑w, h-\-¯‑nse a-c-§Ä sh-«‑n h‑nÂ-¡Â, \-Z‑n-b‑p‑w tX‑m-S‑p‑w ssI-tb-d‑n-b‑pÅ \‑nÀ-a‑m-W-{]-h‑r-¯‑n-IÄ, `‑qKÀ-` P-e t{k‑m-X-Ê‑p-I-sf CÃ‑m-b‑v-a sN-b‑v-X‑p-sI‑m-ï‑p-Å I‑p-g I‑n-WÀ \‑nÀ-a‑m-W‑w, `‑qL-S-\-sb {]-X‑n-I‑q-e-a‑m-b‑n _‑m[‑n-¡‑p‑w h‑n-[-¯‑n- sI-«‑n-S-§f‑p-ï‑m-¡Â, s\ h-b-e‑p-I-f‑p‑w X-®‑oÀ-¯-S-§-f‑p‑w \‑n-I-¯Â, P‑o-h-P‑m-e-§-f‑p-sS B-tc‑m-K‑ys¯ _‑m-[‑n-¡‑p‑w h‑n-[-¯‑n sa‑m-ss_ S-h-d‑p-IÄ h‑y‑m-]‑n¡‑p-¶-X‑v F-¶‑n-§-s\ ]-e-X‑p‑w th-sd-b‑p-a‑p-ï‑v. ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n-¡‑v tZ‑m-j-a‑pï‑m-¡‑m-sX P‑o-h‑n-X‑w F-§-s\ a‑p-t¶‑m-«‑p-sI‑m-ï‑p-t]‑m-I‑m-sa-¶ h-e‑n-b k‑w-i-b‑w C‑u ]-«‑n-I \-a‑p-¡‑v a‑p-¶‑n sh-¡‑p‑w. h³I‑n-S P-e-ssh-Z‑y‑p-X ]-²-X‑n-Isf F-X‑nÀ-¡‑p-¶-hÀ, X‑m-] ssh-Z‑y‑p-X \‑n-e-b-§Ä-¡‑p‑w B-W-h \‑n-e-b-§Ä-¡‑p‑w FX‑n-c‑m-W‑v. C‑u h-I-IÄ D-ï‑m-

I‑m-e-¯‑v k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-¡‑m-\‑n-S-b‑p-Å h-e‑n-b a-e‑n-\‑o-I-c-W-¯‑n-sâ IW-¡‑p-IÄ A-S‑p-¯ I‑m-e-¯‑v ]‑p-d-¯‑p-h-c‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v. C‑u k‑m-lN-c‑y-¯‑n k‑u-tc‑mÀ-P ]-²-X‑nI-f‑p‑w F-X‑nÀ-¡-s¸-S‑m-\‑p-Å k‑m-[‑y-X G-sd-b‑m-W‑v. C-§-s\ F-X‑nÀ-¡‑p-¶-hÀ X-s¶ k‑wØ‑m-\-¯‑v ]-hÀ I-t«‑m te‑m-U‑v sj-U‑n‑w-tK‑m {]-J‑y‑m-]‑n-¨‑m A-X‑n-s\-X‑n-sc c‑w-K-¯‑p-h-c‑p‑w. D‑uÀ-P ta-J-e-b‑n k‑z-b‑w-]c‑y‑m-]‑v-X-X ssI-h-c‑n-¡‑m³ ]‑m-I¯‑n `‑m-h-\‑m-]‑qÀ-W-a‑m-b‑n {]-hÀ-¯‑n-¡‑m³ k‑m-[‑n-¡‑m-¯ `-c-W k‑w-h‑n-[‑m-\-s¯-b‑p‑w AX‑n-\‑v t\-X‑r-X‑z‑w \Â-I‑p-¶ c‑mj‑v-{S‑o-b {]-hÀ-¯-I-sc-b‑p‑w \‑ni‑n-X-a‑m-b‑n h‑n-aÀ-i‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w. \-Z‑n-I-f‑n \‑n-¶‑p-Å A-\‑nb-{´‑n-X-a‑m-b a-W-se-S‑p-¸‑n-s\b‑p‑w J-\-\-s¯-b‑p‑w i-à-a‑m-b‑n F-X‑nÀ-¡‑p-t¼‑mÄ X-s¶ h‑o-S‑pI-f‑p‑w a-ä‑v A-S‑n-Ø‑m-\ k‑u-Ic‑y-§-f‑p‑w h‑n-I-k‑n-¡‑m-¯-X‑n J‑n-¶-X-b‑p-ï‑v. sa‑m-ss_ Sh-d‑p-IÄ k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-¡‑p-¶ ]‑m-c‑n-

¡‑m-\‑n-S-b‑p-Å h-e‑n-b a-e‑n-\‑oI-c-W/A-]-I-S k‑m-[‑y-X-b‑mW‑v F-X‑nÀ-¸‑n-\‑v A-S‑n-Ø‑m-\‑w. I‑m-ä‑n \‑n-¶‑v ssh-Z‑y‑p-X‑n D-X‑v]‑m-Z-‑n-¸‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-Å \‑n-e-b-§Ä Ø‑m-]‑n-¡‑m³ {i-a‑n-¨‑m A-X‑n\‑p-Å `‑q-a‑n G-sä-S‑p-¡Â tI-cf-¯‑n F-X‑nÀ-¡-s¸-S‑p‑w. tk‑mf‑m-À \‑n-e-b-§-f‑m-W‑v X-X‑v-I‑m-et¯-¡‑v F-X‑nÀ-¸‑n-Ã‑m-¯ H-¶‑v. C-X‑n-\‑p-Å ]‑m-\-e‑p-IÄ h-c‑p‑w

Ø‑n-X‑n-I {]-i‑v-\-§-sf-¡‑p-d‑n¨‑v B-I‑p-e-c‑m-I‑p-t¼‑mÄ X-s¶ t^‑m-W‑p‑w CâÀ-s\-ä‑p‑w th-ï{X I‑m-c‑y-£-a-a‑m-b‑n-sÃ-¦‑n h‑n-j-a‑n-¡‑p‑w. H‑m-tk‑m¬ ]‑mf‑n-b‑n h‑n-Å-e‑p-ï‑m-¡‑p-¶ t¢‑m-ssd-U‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w t{_‑m-ssaU‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w D-]-tb‑m-K‑w hÀ-[‑n¡‑p-¶-X‑n tc‑m-j‑w sI‑m-Å‑pt¼‑mÄ X-s¶ D-bÀ-¶ X‑m-]-\‑ne-b‑p-Å I‑m-e-¯‑v i‑o-X‑o-I-c-W‑n-

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Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

b‑n-Ã‑m-¯-X‑n tJ-Z‑n-¡‑p‑w. C‑u ssh-c‑p-²‑y‑w ]-c‑n-Ø‑nX‑n-sb-¡‑p-d‑n-¨‑p-Å B-i-¦‑m-I‑pe-a‑m-b F-Ã‑m N‑n-´-I-sf-b‑p‑w A-\‑p-K-a‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v. A-X‑n-se‑mc‑p k-´‑p-e-\‑w F-§-s\ k‑m[‑y-a‑m-¡‑m-sa-¶-X‑n-e‑m-W‑v b-Y‑mÀ°-¯‑n k‑w-h‑m-Z-§-f‑p-ï‑mtI-ï-X‑v. \‑nÀ-`‑m-K‑y-h-i‑m A-X‑n-\‑p-Å ]‑m-X H-c‑n-S-¯‑p‑w X‑p-d-¡-s¸-S‑m-d‑n-Ã. ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑nsb ]-c‑n-K-W‑n-¡‑m-sX X‑o-c‑p-a‑m\-§-sf-S‑p-¡‑p-¶ h‑n-`‑m-K-a‑m-b‑n `-c-W-]-£‑w a‑p-{Z-b-S‑n-¡-s¸-S‑md‑p-ï‑v. h-e‑p-X‑p‑w sN-d‑p-X‑p-a‑m-b ]-²-X‑n-IÄ, A-X‑n-sâ `‑m-K-a‑mb‑p-Å A-g‑n-a-X‑n-b‑p‑w k‑z-P-\-]£-]‑m-X-h‑p-sa‑m-s¡ C‑u a‑p-{Z-bS‑n-¡-e‑n-te-¡‑v `-c-W-]-£-s¯ F-f‑p-¸-¯‑n F-¯‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w. C-¸‑p-d-¯‑v ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n h‑n-c‑p-² h‑n-I-k-\ A-P-ï-Isf F-X‑nÀ-¡‑p-¶-h-À, ]-c‑n-Ø‑nX‑n-sb k‑w-c-£‑n-¨‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v AS‑n-Ø‑m-\ k‑u-I-c‑y-h‑n-I-k-\‑w F-§-s\ k‑m-[‑y-a‑m-¡‑m-sa-¶ he‑n-b N‑n-´-I-sf‑m-¶‑p‑w ]-¦‑p-sh¡‑p-¶‑n-Ã. C-h-c‑p-sS "X‑o-{h' h‑mZ‑w ]-e-t¸‑m-g‑p‑w h‑n-]-c‑o-X ^-ea‑m-W‑v k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-¡‑p-I. B-d‑v k‑w-Ø‑m-\-§-f‑n-e‑m-b‑n ]-c-¶‑p-I‑n-S-¡‑p-¶ ]-Ý‑n-a-L-« ta-J-e-b‑p-sS k‑w-c-£-W-¯‑n\‑v th-ï \‑nÀ-tZ-i-§Ä k-aÀ¸‑n-¡‑m³ \‑n-tb‑m-K‑n-¡-s¸-«-X‑mW‑v s{]‑m-^. a‑m-[-h‑v K‑m-U‑v-K‑n (ssk-eâ‑v-h‑m-e‑n-sb k‑w-c-£‑n¡‑m-\‑p-Å k-a-c-¯‑n a‑p³-\‑n-cb‑n-e‑p-ï‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p a‑m-[-h‑v K‑m-U‑vK‑nÂ) A-[‑y-£-\‑m-b k-a‑n-X‑n. ]-Ý‑n-a-L-«-¯‑n-se {I-a‑m-X‑o-Xa‑m-b J-\-\‑w, A-X‑n-s\ h‑n-j-ab-a‑m-¡‑p‑w h‑n-[-¯‑n-e‑p-Å h‑y-hk‑m-b-§-sf \‑n-b-{´‑n-¡Â, h\-\-i‑o-I-c-W‑w C-Ã‑m-X‑m-¡Â X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h-s¡‑m-s¡ {I‑n-b‑mß-I-a‑m-b ]-c‑n-l‑m-c‑w a‑m-[-h‑v K‑m-U‑v-K‑n I-½‑n-ä‑n a‑p-t¶‑m-«‑psh-¨‑p. K‑m-U‑v-K‑n I-½‑n-ä‑n-b‑psS i‑n-]‑mÀ-i-IÄ F-s´‑m-s¡ F-¶‑v P-\-§-f‑n F-¯‑n-¡‑p¶-X‑n-\‑v a‑p-¼‑v K‑m-U‑v-K‑n I-½‑nä‑n i‑n-]‑mÀ-i-IÄ \-S-¸‑m-¡-Wsa-¶ i-à-a‑m-b B-h-i‑y-h‑p-a‑mb‑n ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n-h‑m-Z‑n-IÄ c‑w-K¯‑p-h-¶‑p. sI-«‑n-S \‑nÀ-a‑m-W-§sf‑m-s¡ X-S-b‑p‑w, \‑n-e-h‑n-e‑p-Å h‑y-h-k‑m-b Ø‑m-]-\-§-f‑nÂ

]-e-X‑p‑w ]‑q-t«-ï‑n-h-c‑p‑w, ]‑p-X‑pX‑m-sb‑m-¶‑p‑w X‑p-S-§‑m-\‑m-I‑n-à F-¶‑v th-ï k‑w-c-£‑n-¡-W-sa¶‑v K‑m-U‑v-K‑n I-½‑n-ä‑n \‑nÀ-tZi‑n-¨ {]-tZ-i-§-f‑n-se‑m-s¡ P-\P‑o-h‑n-X‑w t]‑m-e‑p‑w A-k‑m-[‑y-a‑mI‑p-sa-¶ X-c-¯‑n-e‑p-Å {]-N‑m-cW‑w B-c‑w-`‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p-Å I‑mc-W-§-f‑n-se‑m-¶‑v ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n h‑m-Z‑n-IÄ X‑o-{h \‑n-e-]‑m-S‑p-a‑m-b‑n c‑w-K-¯‑p-h-¶-X‑m-W‑v. K‑m-U‑v-K‑n I-½‑n-ä‑n d‑n-t¸‑mÀ«‑n ]-d-b‑p-¶ I‑m-c‑y-§-sfs´‑m-s¡ F-¶‑v P-\-§-sf Ad‑n-b‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-Å D-¯-c-h‑m-Z‑n-X‑z‑w kÀ-¡‑m-d‑p‑w G-sä-S‑p-¯-tX-b‑n-Ã. ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n k‑w-c-£‑n-t¡-ïX‑n-sâ B-h-i‑y-I-X {]-tZ-ih‑m-k‑n-I-sf t_‑m-[‑y-s¸-S‑p-¯‑pI-b‑p‑w H‑m-tc‑m {]-tZ-i-¯‑n-sâb‑p‑w B-h-i‑y‑w ]-c‑n-K-W‑n-¨‑p-Å ]-²-X‑n-IÄ B-k‑q-{X-W‑w sNb‑v-X‑v \-S-¸‑m-¡‑m³ A-h‑n-S‑p-s¯ P-\-X-sb A-[‑n-I‑m-c-s¸-S‑p-¯‑pI-b‑p-a‑m-W‑v K‑m-U‑v-K‑n I-½‑nä‑n i‑n-]‑mÀ-i sN-¿‑p-¶-X‑v F-¶ h-k‑v-X‑p-X P-\-§Ä h‑n-i‑z-k‑n¡‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑m³ c-ï‑p ]-£-h‑p‑w I‑m-c-W-¡‑m-c‑m-b‑n. P-\-s¯ I‑pS‑n-sb‑m-g‑n-¸‑n-¡-W-sa-t¶‑m \‑n-eh‑n ssI-h-i‑w-sh-¨‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶ `‑q-a‑n X‑n-c‑n-s¨-S‑p-¡-W-sa-t¶‑m K‑m-U‑v-K‑n I-½‑n-ä‑n ]-d-ª‑n-«‑nÃ. ]-t£, A-sX‑m-¶‑p‑w a-\Ê‑n-e‑m-¡‑m-h‑p-¶ A-h-Ø-b-à K‑z‑m K‑z‑m h‑n-f‑n-IÄ k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-¨-X‑v. C-tX-¡‑p-d‑n-¨‑v ]T‑n-¡‑m³ \‑n-tb‑mK‑n-¨ I-k‑v-X‑q-c‑n c‑w-K³ I-½‑n-ä‑nb‑p-sS d‑n-t¸‑mÀ-«‑n-sâ I‑m-c‑y-h‑p‑w `‑n-¶-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑n-Ã. I-k‑v-X‑q-c‑n c‑wK³ k-aÀ-¸‑n-¨ i‑n-]‑mÀ-i-I-tf¡‑mÄ P-t\‑m-]-I‑m-c-{]-Z‑w K‑m-U‑vK‑n I-½‑n-ä‑n-b‑p-sS i‑n-]‑mÀ-i-If‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑n-«‑p‑w A-X‑v `-c-W-I‑q-S¯‑n-sâ A-e-a‑m-c-b‑n h‑n-{i-a‑n¡‑p-¶‑p. a-\‑p-j‑y-c‑m-i‑n-b‑p-sS k‑p-JP‑o-h‑n-X-¯‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n A-\‑n-b{´‑n-X-a‑m-b‑n N‑q-j-W‑w sN-¿‑mh‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v {]-I‑r-X‑n-h‑n-`-h-§sf-¶ I‑m-g‑v-N-¸‑m-S‑v G-X‑m-ï‑v F-Ã‑m-b‑n-S-¯‑p‑w A-h-k‑m-\‑n¨‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. {]-I‑r-X‑n-b‑p-sS, ]-c‑nØ‑n-X‑n-b‑p-sS k‑w-c-£-W‑w D-d¸‑m-¡‑n-b‑m a‑m-{X-ta a-\‑p-j‑yc‑m-i‑n-¡‑v \‑n-e-\‑nÂ-¡‑m-\‑m-I‑q F-¶ t_‑m-[‑y‑w k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-¡s¸-«‑n-«‑p-a‑p-ï‑v. A-X‑n-s\ G-X‑m-

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

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sï-Ã‑m `-c-W-I‑q-S-§-f‑p‑w s]‑mX‑p-h‑n k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN¿‑p-¶‑p. F-s´‑m-s¡ sN-¿‑m‑w F-s´‑m-s¡ sN-¿‑m-\‑m-I‑n-à F-¶ thÀ-X‑n-c‑n-h‑v k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-s¨S‑p-¡‑p-I F-¶-X‑m-W‑v C-\‑n thï-X‑v. ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n k‑w-c-£‑n¨‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v h‑n-I-k-\-]-²-X‑nIÄ B-I‑m-sa-¦‑n A-X‑n-\‑p-Å A-t\‑z-j-W-§Ä \-S-¡-W‑w. A-X‑v A-k‑m-[‑y-a‑m-sW-¶ a-«‑ne‑p-Å F-X‑nÀ-¸‑v K‑p-W‑w sN-¿‑nÃ. ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n k‑w-c-£‑n-¨‑p-Å ]-²-X‑n-sb-¶‑v A-h-I‑m-i-s¸-«‑v F-Ã‑m‑w X-IÀ-¡‑p-¶ c‑o-X‑n `-cW-I‑q-S-h‑p‑w a‑m-ä-W‑w. `-£‑y k‑z-b‑w-]-c‑y‑m-]‑v-X-X F-¶ e-£‑y-t¯‑m-sS B-k‑q{X-W‑w sN-b‑v-X l-c‑n-X h‑n-¹-h‑w `-£-W-¯‑n-s\‑m-¸‑w a‑m-c-I-a‑m-b AÀ-_‑p-Z-h‑p‑w k-½‑m-\‑n-s¨-¶‑v ssh-I‑n-b‑m-W‑v a-\-Ê‑n-e‑m-¡‑n-bX‑v. c‑m-k-h-f-¯‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w I‑o-S\‑m-i‑n-\‑n-b‑p-sS-b‑p‑w A-a‑n-tX‑m-]tb‑m-K‑w k-½‑m-\‑n-¨ tc‑m-K-§f‑p-a‑m-b‑n a-Ã-S‑n-¡‑p-¶-hÀ tI‑mS‑n-I-f‑m-W‑v. l-c‑n-X h‑n-¹-h-¯‑nsâ a‑p³-\‑n-c-b‑n-e‑p-ï‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶ ]-©‑m-_‑m-W‑v A-X‑n-sâ G-ä-h‑p‑w h-e‑n-b c-à-k‑m-£‑n. A-a‑r-X‑v-kd‑n \‑n-¶‑v P-b‑v-]‑q-c‑n-te-¡‑p-Å s{S-b‑n-\‑n-\‑v I‑y‑m³-kÀ F-I‑v-k‑v{]-k‑v F-¶‑v t]-c‑p-h-c‑p-¶-X‑v hsc I‑m-c‑y-§-sf-¯‑n. C-¶‑v c‑m-kh-f-h‑p‑w I‑o-S-\‑m-i‑n-\‑n-b‑p‑w \‑n-b{´‑n-¡-W-sa-¶ N‑n-´ h‑y‑m-]-Ia‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. C‑u X‑n-c‑n-¨-d‑n-h‑v F-Ã‑m ta-J-e-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w D-ï‑m-I‑pt¼‑mÄ a‑m-{X-ta C-t¸‑m-g-g‑p-ï‑mb‑n-s¡‑m-ï‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶ k‑w-L-«\‑w A-h-k‑m-\‑n-¡‑q. ssh-c‑p-²‑y§-f‑p-sS tX‑m-X‑p I‑p-d-b‑p-I-b‑pa‑p-Å‑q. I‑o-S-\‑m-i‑n-\‑n-I-f‑p‑w c‑m-kh-f-§-f‑p‑w k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-¡‑p-¶ Z‑p-c‑nX‑w A-\‑p-`-h‑n-¡‑p-t¼‑mÄ t]‑me‑p‑w F³-tU‑m-kÄ-^‑m-\‑p thï‑n h‑m-Z‑n-¡‑m³ B-f‑p-ï‑m-I‑p¶‑p-ï‑v. A-h-c‑p-sS ]-£‑w ]‑n-S‑n¡‑m³ A-[‑n-I‑m-c-tI-{µ-§-f‑p‑w. A-¯-c‑w \‑n-e-]‑m-S‑p-I-f‑m-W‑v `-cW-I‑q-S-h‑p‑w A-h-sc \‑n-b-{´‑n¡‑p-¶ c‑m-j‑v-{S‑o-b ]‑mÀ-«‑n-I-f‑p‑w ]-c‑n-Ø‑n-X‑n-¡‑v A-\‑p-tb‑m-P‑y-a‑mb ]-²-X‑n-IÄ A-h-X-c‑n-¸‑n-¡‑pt¼‑mÄ t]‑m-e‑p‑w A-X‑v h‑n-i‑z‑m-ktb‑m-K‑y-a‑m-I‑m-¯-X‑v.

\nhmcWw kzm-ZnJv

Aap-kvenw A-dp¯-Xv `-£n¡mtam?

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Z‑p-c‑p-t±-i‑y-§-sf‑m-¶‑p-a‑n-Ã‑m-sX tI‑mtf-P‑n-se k-l-]‑m-T‑n-I-f‑m-b s]¬I‑p-«‑n-I-tf‑m-S‑v t\-c‑n k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑p-¶X‑n-\‑v h‑n-tc‑m-[-a‑p-tï‑m? A-[‑y‑m-]‑n-I-a‑mtc‑m-S‑p‑w C‑u h‑n-e-¡‑p-tï‑m? H-c‑p F-k‑v-F-k‑v-F-^‑v {]-hÀ-¯-I³ k‑v-{X‑o-I-f‑p-sS i-_‑v-Z‑w {i-h‑n-¡‑p¶-X‑p‑w A-h-tc‑m-S‑v k‑w-k‑m-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑p‑w \‑n-c‑p-]‑m-[‑n-I‑w \‑n-j‑n-²-a-Ã. sse‑w-K‑n-I X‑mÂ-]-c‑y-t¯‑m-sS-b‑p‑w \‑n-j‑n-²-a‑m-b I‑m-c‑y-§Ä-¡‑v I‑m-c-W-a‑m-I‑p-¶ k‑m-lN-c‑y-¯‑n-e‑p-a‑p-Å k‑w-k‑m-c-h‑p‑w i-_‑v-Z {i-h-W-h‑p‑w \‑n-j‑n-²-a‑m-W‑v. A-X‑n-sæ‑n \‑n-j‑n-²-a-Ã. ]-t£, Z‑p-c‑p-t±-i‑y§-sf‑m-¶‑p-a‑n-sÃ-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-\‑y k‑v-{X‑ob‑p-sS i-c‑o-c `‑m-K-§Ä t_‑m-[-]‑qÀ-h‑w I‑m-W \‑n-j‑n-²‑w X-s¶-b‑m-W‑v. A-\‑y-c‑m-b k‑v-{X‑o-b‑p‑w ]‑p-c‑p-j\‑p‑w H-ä-¡‑v H-c‑n-S-¯‑v k‑w-K-a‑n-¡‑p-¶X‑p‑w l-d‑m-a‑m-W‑v. k-l-]‑m-T‑n-IÄ-¡‑p‑w A-[‑y‑m-]‑n-I-a‑mÀ-¡‑p-sa-Ã‑m‑w C‑u h‑n-[‑n _‑m-[-I‑w. F-¶‑m ]T‑n-¡-W-sa-¶‑v

C-k‑v-e‑m‑w \‑nÀ-tZ-i‑n-¨ ]‑mT-§-f‑p-sS ] T-\-¯‑n-\‑p‑w A-[‑y‑m-]-\-¯‑n-\‑p‑w AX‑y‑m-h-i‑y-a‑m-b‑n h-c‑p-¶ ZÀ-i-\‑w \‑n-_Ô-\-IÄ-¡‑v h‑n-t[-b-a‑m-b‑n A-\‑p-h-Z\‑o-b-a‑m-W‑v. ^-X‑v-l‑p a‑p-C‑u³, X‑pl‑v-^-X‑p a‑p-l‑v-X‑m-P‑v X‑p-S-§‑n-b IÀ-ai‑m-k‑v-{X {K-Ù-§-f‑n \‑n-¶‑v C-X‑v h‑yà-a‑m-I‑p‑w.

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{]-h‑m-N-I-c‑p-sS I‑m-e-¯‑v A-td-_‑yb‑n H-c-Û‑p-X _‑m-e³ {]-X‑y-£s¸-«‑p-sh-¶‑p‑w Z-Ö‑m-e‑m-sW-¶‑v A-`‑n{]‑m-b-a‑p-ï‑m-b-X‑n-\‑m D-aÀ(-d) sI‑mÃ‑m³ X‑p-\‑n-ª-t¸‑mÄ d-k‑qÂ(-k‑z) X-S-ª‑p-sh-¶‑p‑w ]‑n-¶‑o-S-h³ A-{]X‑y-£-\‑m-sb-¶‑p‑w tI-«‑p. F-´‑m-W‑v hk‑v-X‑p-X. C-h-\‑m-W‑v ]‑n-¶‑o-S‑v {]-X‑y-£s¸-S‑p-¶ a-k‑o-l‑p-±-Ö‑m F-¶‑v C-a‑ma‑p-a‑m-c‑m-sc-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-`‑n-{]‑m-b-s¸-«‑n-«‑ptï‑m? a‑p-l-½-Z‑v k‑n-\‑m³ A-c‑n-{¼ d-k‑qÂ-I-c‑o‑w(-k‑z)-b‑p-sS P‑o-h‑n-X I‑m-e-¯‑v C-_‑v-\‑p-k‑z-¿‑m-Z‑v F-¶‑v ]-d-b-

A-d‑p-¡‑p-¶-h³ a‑p-k‑v-e‑n-ta‑m \‑n-_-Ô-\-I-sf‑m-¯ A-l‑v-e‑p-I‑n-X‑mt_‑m B-b‑n-c‑n-¡-W-sa-¶ \‑n-_-Ô-\-b‑p-ï‑v. F-¦‑n-te A-d-h‑v k‑z-l‑o-l‑m-h‑p-I-b‑p-Å‑q

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Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

s¸-S‑p-¶ H-c‑p _‑m-e-s\ I-ï‑v a‑p-«‑n-b-X‑p‑w A-h-sâ N‑n-e k‑w-k‑m-c-§Ä tI-«-t¸‑mÄ A-h-s\ h-[‑n¡‑m³ D-aÀ(-d) A-\‑p-h‑m-Z‑w tN‑m-Z‑n-¨-X‑p‑w \‑n-§Ä h‑n-N‑m-c‑n-¨-h-\‑m-W‑v A-h-s\-¦‑n \‑n-§Ä-¡‑v A-hs\ sI‑m-Ã‑m³ I-g‑n-b‑n-sÃ-¶‑p‑w \‑n-§Ä h‑n-N‑m-c‑n-¨h-\-sÃ-¦‑n A-h-s\ sI‑m-Ã‑p-¶-X‑n K‑p-W-a‑n-sö‑p‑w ]-d-ª‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v \-_‑n(-k‑z) h‑n-e-¡‑n-b-X‑p‑w C-a‑m‑w _‑p-J‑m-c‑n(-d), C-a‑m‑w a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w(-d), X‑p-S-§‑nb-hÀ d‑n-t¸‑mÀ-«‑v sN-b‑v-X‑n-«‑p-ï‑v. I-_-f‑n-¸‑n-¡Â h‑o-c-·‑m-c‑p‑w h‑y‑m-P-·‑m-c‑p-a‑mb [‑m-c‑m-f‑w Z-Ö‑m-e‑p-I-f‑p-sï-¶‑v X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(-k‑z) h‑y-à-a‑m-¡‑n-b-X‑v {]-a‑m-W-tb‑m-K‑y-a‑m-b l-Z‑o-k‑pIÄ a‑p-tJ-\ Ø‑n-c-s¸-«-X‑m-W‑v. A-¯-c‑w Z-Ö‑me‑p-I-f‑n H-c‑m-f‑m-W‑v C-_‑v-\‑p-k‑z-b‑m-Z‑v F-¶-X‑n k‑w-i-b-a‑n-sÃ-¶‑v C-a‑m-a‑p-IÄ h‑y-à-a‑m-¡‑n-b‑n-c‑n¡‑p-¶‑p. A-´‑y-\‑m-f‑n-t\‑m-S-S‑p-¯‑v {]-X‑y-£-s¸S‑p-¶ a-k‑o-l‑p-±-Ö‑m A-h³ X-s¶-b‑m-sW-¶‑v N‑n-eÀ A-`‑n-{]‑m-b-s¸-«‑n-«‑p-sï-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-X‑v JÞ‑n-X-a‑m-b‑n Ø‑n-c-s¸-«‑n-«‑n-à (^-X‑v-l‑p _‑m-c‑n 13/372, i-d-l‑v-a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w 18/46).

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a‑p-l-½-Z‑v _‑v-\‑p A-_‑v-Z‑p h-l‑m-_‑v P-\‑n-¨-X‑v \-P‑v-Z‑n-e‑m-tW‑m, \-P‑v-Z‑n ]‑n-i‑m-N‑n-sâ sI‑m-¼‑v {]-X‑y-£-s¸-S‑p-sa-¶‑v \-_‑n(-k‑z) ]-d-ª‑n-«‑p-tï‑m? j‑m-^‑n³ ]‑q-t§‑m-S‑v a‑p-l-½-Z‑v _‑v-\‑p A-_‑v-Z‑p h-l‑m-_‑v P-\‑n-¨X‑v \-P‑v-Z‑n-e‑m-W‑v. C-¡‑m-c‑y‑w a‑p-P‑m-l‑n-Z‑p-IÄ X-s¶ F-g‑p-X‑n-b‑n-«‑p-ï‑v: "h-l‑m-_‑n {]-Ø‑m-\-sa-¶‑v FX‑n-c‑m-f‑n-I-f‑p‑w a‑p-h-l‑v-l‑n-Z‑p-IÄ F-¶‑v A-\‑p-I‑q-e‑nI-f‑p‑w h‑n-f‑n-¡‑p-¶ N‑n-´‑m-[‑m-c G-tX‑m A-X‑n-sâ {]-`-h-tI-{µ-a‑m-b ssi-J‑v a‑p-l-½-Z‑v _‑v-\‑p A_‑v-Z‑n h-l‑m-_‑v 1703þ \-P‑v-Z‑n `‑q-P‑m-X-\‑m-b‑n' (C-k‑v-e‑m-l‑o {]-Ø‑m-\ N-c‑n-{X-¯‑n-s\‑m-c‑m-a‑p-J‑w, t] 13). A-_‑v-Z‑p-Ã‑m-l‑n-_‑v-\‑p D-aÀ(-d) \‑n-th-Z-\‑w: AÃ‑m-l‑p-th, R-§-f‑p-sS i‑m-a‑n _-d-I-X‑v sN-¿tW. A-Ã‑m-l‑p-th, R-§-f‑p-sS b-a-\‑n _-d-I¯‑v \Â-I-tW F-¶‑v \-_‑n(-k‑z) {]‑mÀ-°‑n-¡‑p-Ib‑p-ï‑m-b‑n. A-t¸‑mÄ N‑n-eÀ ]-d-ª‑p: "b‑m d-k‑qe-Ã‑m-l‑v, \-½‑p-sS \-P‑v-Z‑n-e‑p‑w _-d-I-¯‑n-\‑p th-ï‑n {]‑mÀ-°‑n-¨‑m-e‑p‑w.' \-_‑n(-k‑z) ]-d-ª‑p: A-h‑n-sS ^‑n-X‑v-\-IÄ k‑w-`-h‑n-¡‑p‑w. A-h‑n-sS \‑n-¶‑v ]‑n-i‑mN‑n-sâ sI‑m-¼‑v {]-X‑y-£-s¸-S‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w (k‑zl‑o-l‑p _‑p-J‑m-c‑n).

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a-¿‑n-¯‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n B-Z‑y‑w sN‑m-Ã‑n-s¡‑m-S‑p-t¡ï-X‑v XÂ-J‑o-t\‑m X-k‑v-_‑o-tX‑m? \‑n-e-h‑n Xk‑v-_‑o-X‑m-W-tÃ‑m B-Z‑y‑w I-ï‑p-h-c‑p-¶-X‑v. C-X‑v a‑p´‑n-¡Â k‑p-¶-¯‑p-tï‑m? a‑p-P‑o-_‑v d-l‑v-a‑m³ sh-Å‑m-«‑v-]-d-¼‑v a-¿‑n-¯‑n-s\ J-_-d-S-¡‑n-b-X‑n-\‑v ti-j‑w XÂJ‑o-\‑p‑w X-k‑v-_‑o-X‑p‑w k‑p-¶-¯‑m-W‑v. X-k‑v-_‑o-X‑ns\ a‑p-´‑n-¡Â k‑p-¶-¯‑n-Ã. XÂ-J‑o-\‑n-\‑v ti-ja‑m-W‑v X-k‑v-_‑o-X‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n-b‑p-Å \‑n-d‑p-¯-sa-¶‑mW‑v A-Ã‑m-a‑m k-¿‑n-Z‑v A-e-h‑n A-Ê-J‑m-^‑v(-d) XÀi‑o-l‑n ]-d-ª‑n-«‑p-Å-X‑v. a-¿‑n-¯‑v J-_-d-S-¡‑n-bX‑n-\‑v ti-j‑w B-Z‑y‑w XÂ-J‑o-\‑p‑w ]‑n-¶‑o-S‑v X-k‑v_‑o-X‑p‑w A-sÃ-¦‑n B-Z‑y‑w X-k‑v-_‑o-X‑p‑w ]‑n-¶‑o-S‑v XÂ-J‑o-\‑p‑w \‑nÀ-h-l‑n-¨‑m-e‑p‑w c-ï‑p‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶X‑p‑w ^-e‑w sN-¿‑p-¶-X‑p-a‑m-W‑v. J-_‑v-d‑n-se tN‑m-Z‑yth-f-b‑n Ø‑n-c-X e-`‑n-¡‑m-\‑p‑w ]‑m-]-ta‑m-N-\-¯‑n\‑p‑w th-ï‑n-b‑p-Å {]‑mÀ-°-\-b‑m-W‑v X-k‑v-_‑o-X‑v. C-X‑n-\‑v \‑n-Ý‑n-X h‑m-N-I‑w X-s¶ th-W-sa-¶‑n-Ã.

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t\‑m-¼‑v X‑p-d-¡‑m³ k‑z-´‑w \‑m-«‑n-se ]-Å‑nb‑n \‑n-¶‑v h‑m-¦‑v sI‑m-S‑p-¡-W-sa-¶‑p-tï‑m? h‑m-¦‑v sI‑m-S‑p-¯‑v X‑oÀ-¶ ti-j-ta t\‑m-¼‑v X‑p-d¡‑m³ ]‑m-S‑p-Å‑q F-¶‑p \‑n-_-Ô-\-b‑p-tï‑m? sI-]‑n a‑p-P‑o-_‑v k‑q-c‑y‑m-k‑v-X-a-b‑w D-d-¸‑m-b‑m X‑m-a-k‑n-¸‑n-¡‑msX th-K-¯‑n t\‑m-¼‑v X‑p-d-¡Â k‑p-¶-¯‑m-W‑v. k-a-b‑w A-d‑n-b‑p-¶-h-\‑p‑w h‑n-i‑z-k‑v-X-\‑p-a‑m-b a‑p-A±‑n-\‑n-sâ h‑m-¦‑v tIÄ-¡‑p-I, k‑q-c‑y‑m-k‑v-X-a-b‑w Iï-X‑m-b‑n h‑n-i‑z-k‑v-X³ ]-d-b‑p-I X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h a‑ptJ-\-b‑p‑w t\‑m-¼‑v X‑p-d-¡‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. ]-X‑n-h‑mb‑n sN-¿‑m-d‑p-Å I‑m-c‑y-§Ä t]‑m-se-b‑p-Å-X‑p-sI‑mï‑v k‑q-c‑y³ A-k‑v-X-a‑n-¨-X‑m-b‑n a‑n-I-¨ [‑m-c-W e-`‑n-¨‑m-e‑p‑w t\‑m-¼‑v X‑p-d-¡‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. F-¦‑ne‑p‑w k‑q-c‑y‑m-k‑v-X-a-b‑w D-d-¸‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑v h-sc I‑m-¯‑nc‑n-¡-e‑m-W‑v k‑q-£‑v-a-X (X‑p-l‑v-^ 3/411). t\‑m-¼‑v X‑p-d-¡‑m³ k‑z-´‑w \‑m-«‑n-se ]-Å‑nb‑n \‑n-¶‑v h‑m-¦‑v h‑n-f‑n-¡-W-sa-¶‑n-sÃ-¶‑p‑w h‑m-¦‑v h‑n-f‑n-¨‑p X‑oÀ-¶-X‑n-\‑p ti-j-ta t\‑m-¼‑v X‑p-d-¡‑mh‑q F-¶‑n-sÃ-¶‑p‑w ta h‑n-h-c-W-¯‑n \‑n-¶‑v h‑y-à-a‑m-W‑v. F-¶‑m h‑m-¦‑n-\‑v C-P‑m-_-¯‑v sN-b‑v-X‑v X‑oÀ-¶-X‑n-\‑v ti-j‑w t\‑m-¼‑v X‑p-d-¡Â X-s¶-b‑m-W‑v k‑q-£‑v-a-X. k‑q-c‑y³ A-k‑v-X-a‑n-¨-X‑mb‑n a‑n-I-¨ [‑m-c-W-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑m-e‑p‑w D-d-¸‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑p-hsc I‑m-¯‑n-c‑n-¡-e‑m-W-tÃ‑m k‑q-£‑v-a-X.

Z‑p-c‑p-t±-i‑y-§-sf‑m-¶‑p-a‑n-sÃ-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-\‑y k‑v-{X‑o-b‑p-sS i-c‑o-c `‑m-K§Ä t_‑m-[-]‑qÀ-h‑w I‑m-W \‑n-j‑n-²‑w X-s¶. A-\‑y-c‑m-b k‑v-{X‑ob‑p‑w ]‑p-c‑p-j-\‑p‑w H-ä-¡‑v H-c‑n-S-¯‑v k‑w-K-a‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑p‑w l-d‑m-a‑m-W‑v

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

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k‑q-c‑y‑m-k‑v-X-a-b‑w D-d-¸‑m-b‑m X‑m-a-k‑n-¸‑n-¡‑m-sX th-K-¯‑n t\‑m-¼‑v X‑p-d-¡Â k‑p-¶-¯‑m-W‑v. k-a-b‑w A-d‑n-b‑p-¶-h-\‑p‑w h‑n-i‑zk‑v-X-\‑p-a‑m-b a‑p-A-±‑n-\‑n-sâ h‑m-¦‑v tIÄ-¡‑p-I, k‑q-c‑y‑m-k‑v-X-a-b‑w I-ï-X‑m-b‑n h‑n-i‑z-k‑v-X³ ]-d-b‑p-I X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h a‑p-tJ-\-b‑p‑w t\‑m-¼‑v X‑p-d-¡‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v

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a‑p-±‑n-s\-¡‑p-d‑n-¨‑v 650 {K‑m‑w, 625 {K‑m‑w, 800 {K‑m‑w F-¶‑n-§-s\ h‑y-X‑y-k‑v-X X‑q-¡-§-f‑mW‑v ]-e ]‑p-k‑v-X-I-§-f‑n I‑m-W‑p-¶-X‑v. G-X‑mW‑v i-c‑n? a‑p-±‑v \-½‑p-sS \‑m-«‑n C-Ã‑m-¯-X‑n-\‑me‑p‑w A-c‑n X‑q-¡‑n h‑nÂ-¡-e‑m-W‑v ]-X‑n-sh-¶-X‑n\‑m-e‑p‑w A-h‑n H-c‑p G-I‑o-I-c-W‑w B-h-i‑y-atÃ? l‑p-ssk³ ]-«‑m-¼‑n

c‑n-^‑m-C‑u ssi-J‑n-sâ t]-c‑n-e‑p-Å t\À-¨t¡‑m-g‑n-sb A-d‑p-¯‑v `-£‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w b‑mk‑o³ H‑m-X‑n ssi-J‑n-\‑v l-Z‑v-b sN-¿-e‑p-a‑m-W‑v \‑m-«‑p-\-S-¸‑v. C-¯-c‑w t\À-¨-IÄ h‑o-«‑p-I‑mÀ-¡‑v `-£‑n-¡‑m-ta‑m? A-tX‑m D-f‑v-l‑n-¿-¯‑v t\À-¨-b‑m¡‑n-b‑m-e‑p-Å-X‑p-t]‑m-se h‑o-«‑p-I‑mÀ `-£‑n-¡‑p-¶X‑v \‑n-j‑n-²-a‑m-tW‑m? A-Ã‑m-l‑p A-Ã‑m-¯-hÀ-¡‑v t\À-¨ ]‑m-S‑n-sÃ-¶‑v N‑n-eÀ ]-d-b‑p-¶‑p. ssi-J‑pa‑m-c‑p-sS t]-c‑n-e‑p-Å t\À-¨ \‑n-j‑n-²-a‑m-I‑p-ta‑m? l‑m-c‑n-k‑v P‑o-e‑m-\‑n \-KÀ

a‑p-±‑v, k‑z‑m-A‑v X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h \‑n-Ý‑n-X A-fh‑p ]‑m-{X-§-f‑m-W‑v. A-c‑n X‑q-¡‑n h‑nÂ-¡-e‑m-W‑v C-¶-s¯ ]-X‑n-sh-¦‑n-e‑p‑w ^‑n-X‑z‑vÀ k-I‑m-¯‑v, t\‑m-¼‑n-sâ {]‑m-b-Ý‑n-¯‑w X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h-b‑n C-k‑v-e‑m‑w a‑m-\-Z-Þ-a‑m-¡‑n-b‑n-«‑p-Å-X‑v A-f-h‑mW‑v, X‑q-¡-a-Ã. \-½‑p-sS \‑m-«‑n ]-X‑n-h‑p-Å e‑näÀ F-¶ A-f-h‑v ]‑m-{X-h‑p-a‑m-b‑n X‑m-c-X-a‑y‑w sNb‑v-X‑v H-c‑p a‑p-±‑v 800 a‑n-Ã‑n e‑n-ä-sd-¶‑p‑w H-c‑p k‑z‑mA‑v a‑q-¶‑v e‑n-ä-d‑p‑w C-c‑p-\‑q-d‑v a‑n-Ã‑n e‑n-ä-sd-¶‑p‑w I-W-¡‑m-¡-s¸-«‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. X‑q-¡-a-\‑p-k-c‑n-¨‑v \Â-I‑p-¶-hÀ ta A-f-h‑n I‑p-d-b‑m-¯ X‑q¡‑w \Â-tI-ï-X‑m-W‑v. A-f-h‑m-W‑v aÀ-a‑w, X‑q¡-a-Ã. X‑q-¡‑w ]-d-b‑p-¶-X‑v G-I-tZ-i‑w F-¶ \‑n-eb‑n ]-d-b‑p-¶-X‑p‑w k‑q-£‑v-a-X-¡‑v th-ï‑n N‑neÀ I‑q-S‑p-X-e‑m-¡‑n ]-d-b‑p-¶-X‑p‑w A-c‑n-I-f‑p-sS X‑q-¡-h‑y-X‑y‑m-k-h‑p‑w tN‑m-Z‑y-¯‑n ]-c‑m-aÀ-i‑n-¨ h‑y-X‑y‑m-k-§Ä-¡‑v I‑m-c-W-a‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑m‑w.

c‑n-^‑m-C‑u ssi-J‑n-sâ t]-c‑n-e‑p-Å t\À-¨t¡‑m-g‑n-sb A-d‑p-¯‑v h‑o-«‑n `-£-W‑w X-¿‑md‑m-¡‑n h‑o-«‑n-se I‑p-«‑n-IÄ-¡‑p‑w a-ä‑p-Å-hÀ-¡‑p‑w `-£-W‑w \Â-I‑n b‑m-k‑o³ H‑m-X‑n ssi-J‑n-\‑v l-Z‑v-b sN-¿-e‑m-W‑v \‑m-«‑p-\-S-s¸-¦‑n tI‑m-g‑nsb ssi-J‑n-sâ t]-c‑n t\À-¨-b‑m-¡‑p-¶-X‑nsâ AÀ-°‑w {]-k‑v-X‑p-X IÀ-a-§Ä sN-¿-e‑mW‑v. A-X‑n-\‑m A-{]-I‑m-c‑w sN-¿‑m‑w. A-X‑n \‑n-¶‑v h‑o-«‑p-I‑mÀ-¡‑v `-£‑n-¡‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑p-a‑m-W‑v. a-l-¯‑p-¡-sf {]-I‑oÀ-¯‑n-¡‑p-I, A-h-scsI‑m-ï‑v X-h-Ê‑p-e‑m-¡‑n Z‑p-B sN-¿‑p-I. a-c‑n-¨-hc‑p-sS ]-c-te‑m-I K‑p-W-¯‑n-\‑v th-ï‑n Z‑p-B sN¿‑p-I, k‑z-Z-J sN-¿‑p-I X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h-sb-Ã‑m‑w Ck‑v-e‑m‑w \‑nÀ-tZ-i‑n-¨ kÂ-IÀ-a-§-f‑m-W‑v. C-¯c‑w IÀ-a-§-f‑m-W‑v a-l‑m-·‑m-c‑p-sS t]-c‑n-e‑p-Å t\À-¨-I-f‑n \‑nÀ-h-l‑n-¡-s¸-S‑p-¶-X‑v. A-Ã‑ml‑p-h‑n-sâ {]‑o-X‑n-b‑p‑w {]-X‑n-^-e-h‑p‑w e-`‑n-¡‑m\‑p-Å IÀ-a-§-f‑m-W‑n-h. A-X‑n-\‑p-th-ï‑n-b‑m-W‑v \‑nÀ-h-l‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑p‑w. C-h-sb‑m-¶‑p‑w a-l-¯‑p¡Ä-¡‑p-Å B-c‑m-[-\-b-Ã. A-K-X‑n-IÄ-¡‑p‑w Zc‑n-{ZÀ-¡‑p‑w Z‑m-\‑w sN-¿‑m³ t\À-¨-b‑m-¡‑p-¶-X‑v A-hÀ-¡‑p-Å B-c‑m-[-\-b-sÃ-¶‑p‑w A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n\‑p-Å B-c‑m-[-\-b‑m-sW-¶‑p‑w h‑y-à-a‑m-W-tÃ‑m. a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w ^-J‑o-d‑n-\‑v t\À-¨-b‑m-¡‑p-t¼‑mg‑p‑w ]-Å‑n-¡‑v t\À-¨-b‑m-¡‑p-t¼‑m-g‑p‑w ssi-J‑n-\‑v t\À-¨-b‑m-¡‑p-t¼‑m-g‑p‑w A-sX-Ã‑m‑w A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n\‑p-Å h-W-¡-h‑p‑w B-c‑m-[-\-b‑p-a‑m-W‑v. ^-J‑o-d‑nt\‑m ]-Å‑n-t¡‑m ssi-J‑n-t\‑m D-Å B-c‑m-[-\b-Ã. A-X‑n-\‑m C-sX‑m-¶‑p‑w \‑n-tc‑m-[‑n-¡-s¸-«X-Ã; \‑nÀ-tZ-i‑n-¡-s¸-«-X‑m-W‑v.

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A-a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w A-d‑p-¯ tI‑m-g‑n sI‑m-ï‑m-W‑v _‑n-c‑n-b‑m-W‑n sh-¨-X‑v. F-¦‑n a‑m‑w-k‑w Ig‑n-¡‑m-sX tN‑m-d‑v a‑m-{X‑w I-g‑n-¡‑m-ta‑m? A-hÀ A-d‑p-¯-X‑v \-P-k‑m-b‑m-tW‑m, A-tX‑m B-l-c‑n¡Â l-d‑m-a‑m-b h-k‑v-X‑p F-¶‑m-tW‑m ]-c‑n-KW‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v? a‑p-l-½-Z‑v l‑m-c‑n-k‑v tI‑mÂ-K‑n-c‑n, IÀ-W‑m-S-I A-d‑p-¡‑p-¶-h³ a‑p-k‑v-e‑n-ta‑m \‑n-_-Ô-\I-sf‑m-¯ A-l‑v-e‑p-I‑n-X‑m-t_‑m B-b‑n-c‑n-¡-Wsa-¶ \‑n-_-Ô-\-b‑p-ï‑v. F-¦‑n-te A-d-h‑v k‑zl‑o-l‑m-h‑p-I-b‑p-Å‑q. A-Ã‑m-¯-hÀ A-d‑p-¯‑m A-d-h‑v k‑z-l‑o-l-Ã. A-X‑n-\‑m A-X‑v i-h-a‑mW‑v. i-h‑w \-P-k‑m-W‑v. `-£‑n-¡Â \‑n-j‑n-²-h‑p-‑w.

39

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

a-g-¡‑m-e-¯‑v ]e h‑y‑m-[‑n-IÄ I‑q-S‑m-\‑p-Å I‑m-c-W‑w a-e‑n-\‑o-I-c-W‑w c‑q-£-a‑m-I‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. H-¸‑w C‑u I‑m-e-¯‑v i-c‑o-c-¯‑n-sâ tc‑m-K-{]-X‑ntc‑m-[ ti-j‑n I‑p-d-b‑p-¶-X‑p‑w tl-X‑p-I-a‑m-W‑v

ag¡me tcm-K-§fpw {]-Xn-hn-[n-Ifpw tUm. Cu-km C-kv-am-CuÂ

a

-g-¡‑m-e‑w h-¶-tX‑m-sS h‑n-h‑n-[ X-c‑w tc‑m-K-§f‑p‑w {]-X‑y-£-s¸-«‑p X‑p-S-§‑n-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. \‑n-Ê‑mc-sa-¶‑v ]-d-ª‑p X-Å‑m³ ]-ä‑m-¯ h‑n-[‑w ]‑n-¶‑o-S‑v K‑p-c‑pX-c-a‑m-I‑p-¶ tc‑m-K-§Ä \‑n-c-h-[‑n. a-g-¡‑m-e tc‑m-K-§Ä s]‑m-X‑p-sh c-ï‑p h‑n-[-¯‑n-e‑m-W‑v I-ï‑p-h-c‑p-¶-X‑v. shÅ-¯‑n-e‑q-sS ]-I-c‑p-¶ tc‑m-K-§Ä, I‑m-ä‑n-e‑q-sS ]-I-c‑p¶-h. a‑p-J‑y-a‑m-b‑p‑w C-¡‑m-e-¯‑v I-ï‑p-h-c‑p-¶ tc‑m-K-§Ä a-te-d‑n-b, tI‑m-f-d, ssS-t^‑m-b‑v-U‑v, sl-¸-ssä-ä‑n-k‑v þ-F, F-e‑n-¸-\‑n, sU-¦‑n-¸-\‑n, a-ª-¸‑n-¯‑w, ^‑v-f‑q, N‑n-¡³-K‑p\‑n-b, ]-¶‑n-¸-\‑n, U‑n-k-{S‑n X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h-b‑m-W‑v. I‑q-S‑m-sX i‑z‑m-k‑w a‑p-«Â, A-eÀ-P‑n-IÄ, ]‑m-Z‑w h‑n-ÅÂ, k-Ô‑n-thZ-\-IÄ, NÀ-a-tc‑m-K-§Ä X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h-b‑p‑w C‑u I‑m-e-¯‑v I‑q-S‑m-d‑p-ï‑v.

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

40

I‑q-S‑p-X I‑m-W‑p-¶ tc‑m-K‑w a-te-d‑n-b-b‑m-W‑v. A-\‑m-^-e‑n-k‑v hÀ-K-¯‑n s]-« s]¬-sI‑m-X‑pI‑p-I-f‑m-W‑v C-X‑v ]-c-¯‑p-¶-X‑v. sI-«‑n-\‑nÂ-¡‑p-¶ sh-Å-¯‑n-e‑mW‑v C-h h-f-c‑p-I. C-´‑y-b‑n a-g-¡‑m-e-¯‑v G-sd a-c-W‑w h‑n-X¡‑p-¶-X‑v C‑u tc‑m-K-a‑m-W‑v. C-Sh‑n-«‑p-Å ]-\‑n, h‑n-d-bÂ, I-S‑p-¯ X-e-th-Z-\, i-c‑o-c th-Z-\, £‑oW‑w, ]-\‑n a‑m-d‑p-t¼‑mÄ A-a‑n-Xa‑m-b h‑n-bÀ-¡Â F-¶‑n-h-b‑m-W‑v C-X‑n-sâ e-£-W-§Ä. sI‑mX‑p-I‑n-s\ \‑n-b-{´‑n-¡‑p-¶ {I‑o-a‑pIÄ tX-¡‑p-I, sI‑m-X‑p-I‑p h-eIÄ D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-I, U‑n-U‑n-S‑n F-¶‑n-h {]-X‑n-tc‑m-[ a‑mÀ-K-§f‑m-W‑v. h‑r-¯‑n-b‑n-Ã‑m-¯ `-£-W-¯-‑n \‑n-¶‑p‑w sh-ů‑n \‑n-¶‑p-a‑m-W‑v tI‑m-f-d h-c‑p-¶-X‑v. IT‑n-\ h-b-d‑n-f-¡h‑p‑w OÀ-Z‑n-b‑p-a‑m-W‑v I‑m-c‑y-a‑m-b‑pï‑m-h‑p-I. tc‑m-K-_‑m-[ X-S-b‑m³ a‑p³-I-c‑p-X-e‑p-IÄ k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¡‑p¶-X‑n-\‑p ]‑p-d-sa N‑n-e I‑m-c‑y§Ä I‑q-S‑n {i-²‑n-t¡-ï-X‑p-ï‑v. X‑n-f-¸‑n-¨‑m-d‑n-b sh-Å‑w a‑m-{X‑w I‑p-S‑n-¡‑p-I. i‑m-c‑o-c‑n-I h‑r-¯‑nb‑p-ï‑m-h‑p-I, h‑o-S‑p‑w N‑p-ä‑p-]‑m-S‑p‑w h‑r-¯‑n-b‑m-b‑n k‑q-£‑n-¡‑p-I X‑pS-§‑n-b-h \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-W‑v. C-X‑v h-¶ tc‑m-K‑n [‑m-c‑m-f‑w sh-Å‑w I‑p-S‑n-¡-W‑w. A-Ã‑m-¯-]-£‑w tc‑m-K‑w K‑p-c‑p-X-c-a‑m-h‑p‑w. h-f-sc s]-s«-¶‑v ]-S-c‑p-¶ tc‑m-K-a‑m-W‑v ssS-t^‑m-b‑v-U‑v. C‑u tc‑m-K‑m-W‑p ]‑n-¯ k-©‑n-b‑n sI-«‑n-¡‑n-S-¡‑p-¶-X‑v I‑m-c-W‑w X‑pSÀ-¨-b‑m-b‑p-Å ]-\‑n-b‑p-ï‑m-b‑nc‑n-¡‑p‑w. I-S‑p-¯ £‑o-W-h‑p‑w hb-d‑p-th-Z-\-b‑p‑w X-e-th-Z-\-b‑p‑w h‑n-d-b-e‑p-a‑m-W‑v {]-[‑m-\ e-£W-§Ä. C‑u e-£-W-§Ä Iï‑m th-K‑w B-tc‑m-K‑y tI-{µh‑p-a‑m-b‑n _-Ô-s¸-S‑p-I. C‑u-¨ ]-c-¯‑p-¶ tc‑m-K-a‑mW‑v a-ª-¸‑n-¯‑w. tc‑m-K‑n-b‑p-a‑mb‑n t\-c‑n-«‑p-Å _-Ô-§-f‑n-e‑qsS-b‑p‑w C-X‑v ]-I-c‑p‑w. I-S‑p-¯ ]-\‑n, X-e-th-Z-\, i-c‑o-c th-Z-\, OÀ-Z‑n F-¶-‑n-h-b‑m-W‑v e-£W-§Ä. s]-s«-¶‑v a-c-W-¯‑n\‑n-S-b‑m-¡‑p-¶ tc‑m-K-a‑m-W‑n-X‑v. \-à h‑n-{i-a-h‑p‑w t]‑m-j-I‑m-l‑mc-h‑p‑w \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-W‑v. F-®b‑p-Å-X‑p‑w sI‑m-g‑p-¸‑p-Å-X‑p-a‑m-b `-£-W-§Ä H-g‑n-h‑m-¡-W‑w.

a-g-¡‑m-e-¯‑v {]‑m-b-t`-Z-a‑nÃ‑m-sX I‑m-W‑p-¶ A-k‑p-J-a‑m-W‑v ssh-dÂ-]-\‑n. ]-\‑n-b‑p‑w sX‑mï-th-Z-\-b‑p‑w X‑p-½-e‑p‑w a‑p-J‑y e-£-W-§-f‑m-W‑v. a‑r-K-§-f‑p-sS-b‑p‑w F-e‑n-b‑psS-b‑p‑w a‑q-{X-¯‑n-e‑q-sS ]-I-c‑p-¶ tc‑m-K-a‑m-W‑v F-e‑n-¸-\‑n. I-S‑p-¯ ]-\‑n, X-e-th-Z-\, I‑m-e‑n-sâ ak‑n th-Z-\, h-b-d‑p-th-Z-\, OÀ-Z‑n, c-à‑w s]‑m-S‑n-b‑m-sX tZl-¯‑v X-WÀ-¸‑p-ï‑m-I‑p-I X‑p-S§‑n-b-h a‑p-J‑y e-£-W-§-f‑mW‑v. C-X‑v h‑r-¡, I-cÄ, i‑z‑m-ktI‑m-i‑w, X-e-t¨‑m-d‑v F-¶‑n-h-¡‑v X-I-c‑m-d‑p-ï‑m-¡‑p‑w. k‑m-[‑m-c-W ]-\‑n-b‑n \‑n-¶‑p h-e‑n-b h‑y-X‑y‑m-k-a‑n-Ã‑m¯-X‑n-\‑m X‑n-c‑n-¨-d‑n-b‑m³ ssh-I‑p-¶ H-c‑p tc‑m-K-a‑m-W‑v sU¦‑n-¸-\‑n. C‑u-U‑n-k‑v F-¶ sI‑mX‑p-I‑m-W‑v C-X‑p ]-IÀ-¯‑p-¶-X‑v. I-S‑p-¯ ]-\‑n, X-e-th-Z-\, i-c‑oc-th-Z-\, I-®‑n-\‑v ]‑n-¶‑n thZ-\, t]-i‑n-IÄ-¡‑p‑w k-Ô‑n-IÄ¡‑p‑w th-Z-\, c‑p-N‑n-b‑n-Ã‑m-b‑v-a, h‑ni-¸‑n-Ã‑m-b‑v-a, A-©‑m‑w ]-\‑n-¡‑v s]‑m-´‑p-¶ t]‑m-e‑p-Å s]‑m-´e‑p‑w OÀ-Z‑n-b‑p‑w £‑o-W-h‑p-a‑m-W‑v {]-[‑m-\ e-£-W-§Ä. a-g-¡‑m-e-¯‑v s]-s«-¶‑p- ]-Sc‑p-¶ ]-\‑n-b‑m-W‑v N‑n-¡³-K‑p\‑n-b. sX‑m-e‑n-¸‑p-d-¯‑p-Å ]‑mS‑p-IÄ k-Ô‑n-I-f‑n th-Z-\, I-®‑n-\‑p th-Z-\ X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h tc‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-ï‑m-I‑p‑w. ]-¶‑n-¸-\‑n-¡‑p‑w ]-£‑n-¸-\‑n¡‑p‑w C³-^‑v-e‑p-h³-k-þ-F {K‑q¸‑n-e‑p-Å tc‑m-K‑m-W‑p-¡Ä ]-SÀ¯‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. s]-s«-¶‑v i-à‑ns¸-S‑p-¶ ]-\‑n, h‑n-d-bÂ, X-e-thZ-\, t]-i‑n-th-Z-\, I-S‑p-¯ £‑oW‑w, N‑p-a X‑p-S-§‑n-b-h C-X‑n-

C‑u-¨ ]-c-¯‑p-¶ tc‑m-Ka‑m-W‑v a-ª-¸‑n-¯‑w. tc‑mK‑n-b‑p-a‑m-b‑n t\-c‑n-«‑p-Å _-Ô-§-f‑n-e‑q-sS-b‑p‑w C-X‑v ]-I-c‑p‑w. I-S‑p-¯ ]-\‑n, X-e-th-Z-\, i-c‑o-c th-Z-\, OÀ-Z‑n F-¶-‑n-hb‑m-W‑v e-£-W-§Ä 41

s\‑m-¸-a‑p-ï‑m-I‑p‑w. a-g-¡‑m-e-¯‑v C-¯-c‑w h‑y‑m[‑n-I-sf-Ã‑m‑w I‑q-S‑m-\‑p-Å I‑m-cW‑w a-e‑n-\‑o-I-c-W‑w c‑q-£-a‑m-I‑p¶-X‑m-W‑v. H-¸‑w C‑u I‑m-e-¯‑v i-c‑o-c-¯‑n-sâ tc‑m-K-{]-X‑n-tc‑m-[ ti-j‑n I‑p-d-b‑p-¶-X‑p‑w tl-X‑p-Ia‑m-W‑v. h‑o-«‑n-e‑p‑w N‑p-ä‑p-]‑m-S‑p‑w shÅ‑w sI-«‑n-\‑nÂ-¡‑m-\‑p-Å k‑ml-N-c‑y-§Ä C-Ã‑m-X‑m-¡‑p-¶-X‑ns\‑m-¸‑w N‑n-e a‑p³-I-c‑p-X-e‑p-IÄ B-h-i‑y-a‑p-ï‑v.

a‑p³-I-c‑p-X-e‑p-IÄ 1. I‑p-S, sd-b‑v³ tI‑m-«‑v, j‑q F-¶‑n-h \‑nÀ-_-Ô-a‑m-¡‑p-I. 2. N‑q-S‑p-sh-Å-ta‑m X‑n-f-¸‑n¨‑m-d‑n-b sh-Å-ta‑m a‑m-{X‑w D-]tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑p-I. N‑q-S‑p-sh-Å‑w tc‑mK‑m-W‑p-¡-sf sN-d‑p-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w P-e-tZ‑m-j‑w I‑p-d-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN¿‑p‑w. 3. i-c‑o-c‑w, h-k‑v-{X‑w, `-£W‑w, h‑o-S‑v, ]-c‑n-k-c‑w F-¶‑n-h h‑r-¯‑n-b‑m-b‑n k‑q-£‑n-¡‑p-I. 4. h‑n-ä‑m-a‑n³ k‑n A-S-§‑n-b `-£-W‑w I‑q-S‑p-X I-g‑n-¡‑pI. h‑n-ä‑m-a‑n-\³ k‑n tc‑m-K-{]-X‑ntc‑m-[ ti-j‑n I‑q-«‑p-¶ Bâ‑n t_‑m-U‑n-sb D-±‑o-]‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. 5. I‑q-S‑p-X sh-Å‑w I‑p-S‑n¡‑p-I. h‑n-j‑m‑w-i-§Ä a‑q-{X-sa‑mg‑n-¨‑v t]‑m-I‑m³ C-X‑v \-Ã-X‑m-W‑v. 6. t]‑m-j-I‑m-l‑m-c-§Ä Ig‑n-¡‑p-I. 7. tc‑m-K‑n-b‑p-a‑m-b‑n t\-c‑n-«‑pÅ _-Ô‑w H-g‑n-h‑m-¡‑p-I. 8. sh-Å‑w sI-«‑n \‑nÂ-¡‑p¶-X‑v \-i‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-I. A-X‑n-e‑m-W‑v sI‑m-X‑p-I‑v a‑p-«-b‑n-«‑v s]-c‑p-I‑p-¶X‑v. A-X‑n a‑o³ h-fÀ-¯‑n-b‑m A-h B a‑p-«-IÄ X‑n-¶‑p-sI‑mÅ‑p‑w. 9. Z‑q-c-b‑m-{X-IÄ H-g‑n-h‑m¡‑p-I. 10. ]-g-b-X‑p‑w X‑p-d-¶‑p-sh-¨X‑p-a‑m-b `-£-W‑w I-g‑n-¡-c‑p-X‑v. 11. tX‑m-«‑n-e‑p‑w A-g‑p-¡‑p-shÅ-¯‑n-e‑p‑w I‑p-f‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑p‑w I‑m I-g‑p-I‑p-¶-X‑p‑w H-g‑n-h‑m¡‑p-I. 12. sN-c‑n-¸‑n-S‑m-sX \-S-¡c‑p-X‑v. 13. {]-ta-l tc‑m-K‑n-IÄ sNd‑p-N‑q-S‑p-Å D-¸‑p-sh-Å-¯‑n I‑m I-g‑p-I‑n ]‑m-Z‑w h‑r-¯‑n-b‑mb‑n k‑q-£‑n-¡-W‑w.

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

h\n-Xm tImÀWÀ

I‑p-«‑n-¡‑m-e-s¯ ]‑o-U-\-§Ä I‑p-«‑n-IÄ-¡‑v h‑n-th-N‑n-¨-d‑n-b‑m³ I-g‑nb‑m-¯-X‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v X-s¶ F-{X \‑n-Ê‑m-c-a‑m-b X‑n-c‑n-¨-S‑n-b‑p‑w A-h-c‑psS `‑m-h‑n-sb tZ‑m-j-I-c-a‑m-b‑n _‑m-[‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v

A-c‑p-X‑v; a-¡-sf

A-h-K-W‑n-¡-c‑p-X‑v tU-m.-A-_-vZ-p-Ê-e-m-w k-J-m-^-n H-m-a-tÈ-c-n

tI-

c-f-s¯ sR-«‑n-¡‑p-¶ h‑mÀ-¯-b‑m-W‑v sN§-¶‑q-c‑n \‑n-¶‑p tI-«-X‑v.- tP‑m-b‑n-sb-¶ k‑z-´‑w ]‑n-X‑m-h‑n-s\ a-I³ sj-d‑n³ a‑p-f-¡‑p-g-b‑n I‑md‑n h-¨‑p X-e-b‑v-¡‑p t\-sc \‑m-e‑p d‑u-ï‑p sh-S‑n h-¨‑p. A-Ñ-sâ a‑r-X-tZ-l-¯‑n-sâ N‑n-{X‑w sa‑m-ss_-e‑n ]-IÀ¯‑n-b ti-j‑w I-¯‑n-¡‑m³ t\‑m-¡‑n-sb-¦‑n-e‑p‑w \-S-¶‑n-Ã. ]‑n-¶‑o-S‑v sh-«‑p-I-¯‑n sI‑m-ï‑v ssI-I-f‑p‑w I‑m-e‑p-I-f‑p‑w sh-«‑n a‑m-ä‑n. X-e-b‑p‑w D-S-e‑p‑w thÀ-s]-S‑p-¯‑n H‑m-tc‑m N‑m¡‑n-e‑m-¡‑n. ssI-I-f‑p‑w I‑m-e‑p-I-f‑p‑w ]-¼-b‑n-e‑p‑w D-S-e‑p‑w X-e-b‑p‑w a-ä‑p Ø-e-§-f‑n-e‑p‑w sI‑m-ï‑n-«‑p. I‑p-ª‑p \‑mf‑n X-s¶ F-S‑p-¯‑p sI‑m-ï‑p \-S-¶ ssI-IÄ sh-«‑na‑m-ä‑p-t¼‑mÄ sj-d‑n-sâ ssI-IÄ h‑n-d-¨‑n-Ã, ]‑n-X‑m-h‑n-sâ i-c‑o-c‑w B-d‑p I-j‑v-W-§-f‑m-¡‑n a‑p-d‑n-¨-t¸‑mÄ H-c‑p X‑p-

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

42

Å‑n I-®‑p-\‑oÀ t]‑m-e‑p‑w s]‑mS‑n-ª‑p-a‑n-Ã. a-\‑x-k‑m-£‑n a-c-h‑n¡‑p-¶ X-c-¯‑n ]‑n-X‑m-h‑n-sâ a‑r-X-tZ-l‑w sh-«‑n-\‑p-d‑p-¡‑m³ sj-d‑n-\‑v H-c‑p e-l-c‑n-b‑p-sS-b‑p‑w ]‑n³-_-e‑w th-ï‑n-h-¶‑n-Ã. I‑me-§-f‑m-b‑n a-\-Ê‑n I‑m-¯‑p h-¨ ]-I a‑p-g‑p-h-\‑p‑w tP‑m-b‑n-b‑psS a‑r-X-i-c‑o-c-t¯‑m-S‑p h‑o-«‑p-Ib‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p a-I³. F-´‑v sI‑m-ï‑v C-X‑p k‑w-`h‑n-¨‑p-sh-¶-X‑n-sâ a-\‑x-i‑m-k‑v-{X h‑n-i-I-e-\-¯‑n-\‑p a‑p-¼‑v C-X‑p-I‑qS‑n h‑m-b‑n-¡‑p-I. A-d‑p-]-X‑p e-£‑w P‑q-X-sc sI‑m-s¶‑m-S‑p-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w c-ï‑m‑w te‑m-I-a-l‑m-b‑p-²-¯‑n-\‑p X-s¶

I‑m-c-W-¡‑m-c-\‑m-h‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-b‑vX l‑n-ä‑v-e-sd te‑m-I‑w I-ï he‑n-b Z‑p-j‑v-S {]-X‑n-`-b‑m-¡‑n-b-X‑v ]‑n-X‑m-h‑m-sW-¶‑m-W‑v N-c‑n-{X‑w. l‑n-ä‑v-eÀ H-c‑p k‑m-[‑m-c-W kÀ¡‑mÀ P‑o-h-\-¡‑m-c-sâ a-I-\‑mb‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. a-I³ X-s¶-t¸‑m-se H-c‑p kÀ-¡‑mÀ D-tZ‑y‑m-K-Ø-\‑mI-W-sa-¶‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p A-Ñ-sâ B-{K-l‑w. ]-t£, N‑n-{X-I-e-b‑ne‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p l‑n-ä‑v-e-d‑p-sS X‑mÂ]-c‑y‑w. B I-g‑n-h‑n-s\ A‑w-K‑o-Ic‑n-¡‑m³ ]‑n-X‑m-h‑v X-¿‑m-d‑m-b‑n-Ã. l‑n-ä‑v-e-d‑p-sS I‑p-«‑n-¡‑m-e-¯‑v ]‑nX‑m-h‑v {I‑q-c aÀ-Z-\-§Ä A-g‑n-¨‑ph‑n-«‑p. N‑m-«-h‑m-d‑p sI‑m-ï‑v \‑nÀ-Z-

b‑w {]-l-c‑n-¨‑p. ]-«‑m-f-¨‑n-«-b‑n-e‑mW‑v A-t±-l‑w l‑n-ä‑v-e-sd h-fÀ¯‑n-b-X‑v. H-c‑p-Z‑n-h-k‑w ¢‑m-k‑n I-b-d‑n-b‑n-à F-¶ I‑p-ä-¯‑n-\‑v H-c‑p a-c-t¯‑m-S‑v tNÀ-¯‑p h-c‑nª‑p sI-«‑n t_‑m-[‑w sI-S‑p-¶X‑p-h-sc A-¸³ X-Ã‑p-I-b‑p-ï‑mb‑n. I‑m-e‑n h‑o-W‑p tI-g‑p-I-b‑p‑w X-d-b‑n I‑n-S-¶‑v a‑q-{X-sa‑m-g‑n-¡‑pI-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w h-sc A-t±-l‑w A-h-s\ aÀ-Z‑n-¡‑m-d‑p-ï‑m-b‑n-c‑p¶‑p. te‑m-I‑w I-ï G-ä-h‑p‑w h‑n\‑m-i-I-c-a‑m-b ]‑p-k‑v-X-I‑w l‑nä‑v-e-d‑p-sS B-ß-I-Y-b‑m-b sab‑v³-I‑m-^‑v B-sW-¶‑m-W‑p I-c‑pX‑p-¶-X‑v. B ]‑p-k‑v-X-I-s¯

{]-k‑n-² A-ta-c‑n-¡³ ]-{X‑m[‑n-]-c‑p‑w \‑n-c‑q-]-I-\‑p-a‑m-b t\‑mÀa³ I-k‑n³-k‑v h‑n-ti-j‑n-¸‑n-¨X‑n-§-s\: "H‑m-tc‑m h‑m-¡‑n-e‑p‑w \-j‑v-S-a‑m-b-X‑v 12 P‑o-h‑n-X-§Ä. H-c‑p t]-P‑n-\‑v 47,000 a-c-W‑w. H‑mtc‑m A-[‑y‑m-b-¯‑n-\‑p‑w 12,00,000 a-c-W‑w.' C‑u ]‑p-k‑v-X-I-¯‑n X-sâ _‑m-e‑y-I‑m-e‑m-\‑p-`-h-§Ä h‑n-h-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v. l‑n-ä‑v-e-d‑n-\‑v A-©‑p h-b-Ê‑m-b-t¸‑mÄ A-½ k‑z-´‑w h‑o-S‑v h‑n-«‑v F-t§‑m-t«‑m t]‑m-b‑n. A-¸³ X-c‑p-¶ N‑m-«-h‑md-S‑n \‑n-È-_‑v-Z-a‑m-b‑n \‑n-¶‑p l‑n-ä‑veÀ F-®‑n-s¡‑m-ï‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. \‑m-b‑v¡-sf h‑n-f‑n-¡‑p-¶ a‑m-X‑n-c‑n h‑n-ce‑p-IÄ h‑m-b‑n X‑n-c‑p-I‑n h‑n-k‑n-

s]‑m-«³, a-c-a-ï³, a-µ_‑p-²‑n, ]‑n-i‑m-N‑v, C-_‑ve‑o-k‑v, P-´‑p, ]-l-b³ X‑p-S-§‑n-b t]-c‑p-IÄ sI‑m-ï‑v I‑p-«‑n-I-sf A`‑n-k‑w-t_‑m-[-\‑w sN-¿‑p¶-hÀ H‑mÀ-¡‑p-I. `‑mh‑n-b‑n a-sä‑m-c‑p l‑n-ä‑ve-sd \‑n-§Ä h‑mÀ-s¯S‑p-¡‑p-I-b‑m-W‑v

e-S‑n-¨‑m-W‑v B ]‑n-X‑m-h‑v A-h-s\ h‑n-f‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶-X‑p-t]‑m-e‑p‑w. A-¸t\‑m-S‑v ]-I-c‑w h‑o-«‑m-\‑p‑w ]‑mT‑w ]T‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-h‑m-\‑p‑w I-c‑p-X‑n-¡‑q-«‑n l‑n-ä‑v-eÀ ]T-\‑w D-g-¸‑n-b-X‑m-b‑n P‑o-h‑n-X N-c‑n-{X-I‑m-c-·‑mÀ tc-Js¸-S‑p-¯‑p-¶‑p. th-Z-\-b‑p‑w {]-b‑mk-h‑p‑w {]-I-S‑n-¸‑n-¡‑m³ _‑m-e‑yI‑m-e-¯‑v l‑n-ä‑v-e-d‑n-\‑v A-\‑p-h‑m-Za‑p-ï‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑n-Ã. ]‑n-¶‑o-S‑v te‑mI-s¯ h‑n-d-¸‑n-¨ tk‑z-Ñ‑m-[‑n-]X‑n-b‑m-b‑n a‑m-d‑n-b-t¸‑m-g‑m-I-s«, X-sâ sI‑m-S‑p‑w {I‑q-c-X-IÄ \‑n-a‑n¯‑w sI‑m-S‑n-b Z‑p-c‑n-X-h‑p‑w I-j‑vS-¸‑m-S‑p‑w A-\‑p-`-h‑n-t¡-ï‑n-h-¶ a-\‑p-j‑y-tc‑m-S‑v A-t±-l-¯‑n-\‑v

43

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

A-\‑p-I-¼-tb‑m Z-b-tb‑m tX‑m¶‑n-b‑n-Ã. F-¶‑m sj-d‑n-sâ P‑o-hN-c‑n-{X‑w t\‑m-¡‑q: ]‑n-X‑m-h‑n-\‑p t\-sc tX‑m-¡‑p-N‑q-ï‑m³ sj-d‑ns\ t{]-c‑n-¸‑n-¨-X‑p sN-d‑p-¸‑w a‑pX-e‑p-Å A-S-§‑m-¯ ]-I-b‑m-Ws{X. {]‑m-b-ta-d‑p-t´‑m-d‑p‑w tP‑mb‑n-b‑p-sS `‑m-K-¯‑p \‑n-¶‑p-Å ]‑o-U-\-h‑p‑w sj-d‑n-sâ ]-I-b‑p‑w h-f-c‑p-I-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. s]‑m-e‑o-k‑nsâ h‑mÀ-¯‑m k-t½-f-\-¯‑n A-t£‑m-`‑y-\‑m-b‑n \‑n-e-sI‑m-ï sj-d‑n³ ]‑n-X‑m-h‑n-sâ ]‑o-U-\¡‑m-c‑y‑w ]-d-b‑p-t¼‑mÄ ]-Ã‑n-d‑p½‑p-¶‑p-ï‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. C-{X-b‑p‑w ]-I-b‑v-¡‑p I‑m-c-W‑w A-Ñ-\‑p‑w a-I-\‑p‑w X-½‑n sN-d‑p-¸‑w a‑pX-e‑p-Å A-IÂ-¨-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. F-bÀ-t^‑m-g‑v-k‑v P‑o-h-\-¡‑m-c\‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶ tP‑m-b‑v h‑o-«‑n IÀ¡-i-¡‑m-c-\‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. sN-d‑p-¸¯‑n tP‑m-b‑v sj-d‑n-s\ {I‑q-ca‑m-b‑n aÀ-Z‑n-¡‑p-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p-h-s{X. A-tX k-a-b‑w a-ä‑p a-¡-tf‑m-S‑p k‑v-t\-l-t¯‑m-sS s]-c‑p-a‑m-d‑p-Ib‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w. X-t¶‑m-f‑w h-fÀ¶‑n-«‑p‑w sj-d‑n-s\ tP‑m-b‑v X-Ã‑pa‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. sN-d‑p-¸‑w I-g‑n-ªtX‑m-sS XÀ-¡‑w ]-W-¯‑n-sâ t]-c‑n-e‑m-b‑n. X-sâ k‑z-¯‑n Hc‑p `‑m-K‑w t]‑m-e‑p‑w X-c‑n-sÃ-¶‑p tP‑m-b‑v sj-d‑n-t\‑m-S‑p ]-d-ª‑n-c‑p¶‑p. k‑z-¯‑p-¡Ä A-\‑m-Y‑m-e-b¯‑n-\‑p \Â-I‑n-b‑m-e‑p‑w \‑n-\-¡‑p X-c‑n-à F-¶‑p tP‑m-b‑v B-hÀ¯‑n-¨-t¸‑mÄ sj-d‑n-sâ ]-I I‑qS‑n. ]-e-t¸‑m-g‑p‑w h‑o-S‑n-\‑p ]‑p-d¯‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p A-h-sâ Ø‑m\‑w. A-½-b‑p‑w A-\‑n-b-\‑p‑w Ata-c‑n-¡-b‑n \‑n-¶‑p h-c‑p-t¼‑mÄ sN-§-¶‑q-c‑n-se h‑o-«‑n \‑n-¶‑p A-h³ a‑m-d‑n X‑m-a-k‑n-¡-W-sa¶‑p tP‑m-b‑v \‑nÀ-tZ-i‑n-¨‑p. C-tX X‑p-SÀ-¶‑p X‑n-c‑p-h-Ã-b‑n-se tl‑m«-e‑n-e‑m-b‑n sj-d‑n-sâ h‑m-k‑w. h‑o«‑n-se a‑m-t\-P-c‑n \‑n-¶‑p h‑u¨À F-g‑p-X‑n ]-W‑w h‑m-§-W-sa¶‑p‑w tP‑m-b‑v \‑nÀ-tZ-i‑n-¨‑p. A-X‑n\‑n-sS h‑m-S-I \Â-I‑n-b sN-¡‑v X‑n-c‑n-¨‑p h-¶‑p. C‑u ]-W‑w I-S¡‑m-c-\‑n \‑n-¶‑p sj-d‑n³ h‑m§‑n-¨‑p-sh-¶-X‑m-W‑v A-h-k‑m-\s¯ XÀ-¡-¯‑n-\‑p I‑m-c-W‑w. l‑n-ä‑v-e-td‑m-S‑p‑w sj-d‑n-t\‑mS‑p‑w ]‑n-X‑m-h‑v I‑m-W‑n-¨ c‑o-X‑n-b‑ne‑p-Å k-a‑o-]-\-§Ä C-¶‑v ]-e h‑o-S‑p-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w a‑m-X‑m-]‑n-X‑m-¡-f‑p‑w

]‑p-\À-h‑n-h‑m-l‑w sN-b‑v-X-h-c‑p‑w a-¡-tf‑m-S‑v I‑m-W‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v. h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k-a‑p-Å-h-c‑p‑w C-Ã‑m¯-h-c‑p‑w C-X‑n-e‑p-ï‑v. a-¡Ä ] T-\-¯‑n a-ä‑p-Å-h-sc-¡‑mÄ a‑p-¶‑n-se-¯-W-sa-¶ A-X‑y‑mÀ¯‑n a‑m-X‑m-]‑n-X‑m-¡Ä-¡‑p-ï‑m-h‑pt¼‑m-g‑p‑w H-c‑p a‑mÀ-¡‑v I‑p-d-ª‑pt]‑m-h‑p-t¼‑m-g‑p‑w A-£-c-§Ä sX-ä‑p-t¼‑m-g‑p‑w {I‑q-c ]‑o-U-\§Ä \-S-¯‑p-¶ c-£‑n-X‑m-¡Ä ]‑p-X‑n-b l‑n-ä‑v-eÀ-a‑m-sc k‑r-j‑v-S‑n¡‑p-I-b‑m-sW-¶-d‑n-b‑p-¶‑n-Ã. I‑p«‑n-I-f‑p-sS a-\-Ê‑n a‑p-d‑n-h‑p-ï‑m¡‑n-b‑m h-c‑p-¶ `-h‑n-j‑y-¯‑p‑w a‑p-d‑n-h‑p-ï‑m-¡‑p-¶-hÀ A-X‑p-ï‑m¡‑m-\‑p-Å I‑m-c-W-h‑p‑w a-\‑x-i‑mk‑v-{X-]-c-a‑m-b‑n \-a‑p-¡‑v h‑n-e-b‑nc‑p-¯‑m‑w. H-c‑p h‑y-à‑n-b‑p-sS D-Å‑n-teä ssh-I‑m-c‑n-I a‑p-d‑n-h‑v D-W-§‑m¯‑n-S-t¯‑m-f‑w I‑m-e‑w A-b‑mÄ k‑z-b‑w th-Z-\‑n-t¨‑m a-ä‑p-Å-h-sc th-Z-\‑n-¸‑n-t¨‑m I-g‑n-b‑p‑w. k‑m-[‑mc-W-K-X‑n-b‑n H-c‑m-g‑v-N-¡‑p-Å‑nte‑m H-c‑p a‑m-k‑w sI‑m-tï‑m B th-Z-\-b‑p-sS A-\‑p-`-h‑w A-hÀ a-d-t¶-¡‑m‑w. th-Z-\-¡‑v AÂ-]sa-¦‑n-e‑p‑w B-i‑z‑m-k‑w I‑n-«-W-sa¦‑n A-h-c-X‑p a-d-t¶ a-X‑n-b‑mh‑q. a-\‑x-i‑m-k‑v-{X-Ú-·‑mÀ CX‑n-s\ A-S‑n-¨-aÀ-¯Â (repression) F-¶‑p ]-d-b‑p-¶‑p. A-S‑n¨-aÀ-¯Â b-Y‑mÀ-°-¯‑n th-Z-\-sb C-Ã‑m-X‑m-¡‑p-I-tb‑m ssh-I‑m-c‑n-I a‑p-d‑n-h‑n-s\ D-W¡‑p-I-tb‑m sN-¿‑p-¶‑n-Ã. a-d‑n-¨‑v th-Z-\-b‑p-sS H‑mÀ-a-sb t_‑m-[ a-\-Ê‑n \‑n-¶‑p A-I-ä‑n-\‑nÀ¯‑p-I a‑m-{X-ta sN-¿‑p-¶‑p-Å‑q. F-¶‑m B th-Z-\ A-t_‑m[-a-\-Ê‑n `-h‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w h‑y-

X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(-k‑z) \‑n-k‑v-Ic‑n-¡‑p-¶ N‑n-e k-a-b¯‑v t]‑m-e‑p‑w I‑p-ª‑p§-sf F-S‑p-¯‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ X‑n-c‑pk-¶‑n-[‑n-b‑n \‑n¡‑p-t¼‑mÄ h-sc I‑pª‑p-§-f‑p-sS I‑m-c‑y‑w {]-tX‑y-I‑w K‑u-\‑n-¨‑‑p

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

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à‑n-X‑z-s¯ tZ‑m-j-I-c-a‑m-b‑n _‑m-[‑n-¡-¯-¡ h‑n-[-¯‑n Ah-c‑p-sS s]-c‑p-a‑m-ä-s¯ h‑n-h‑n-[ X-c-¯‑n k‑z‑m-[‑o-\‑n-¨‑p-sI‑mï‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w. I‑m-\U-b‑n-se \‑y‑q-td‑m kÀ-P-\‑m-b‑nc‑p-¶ tU‑m-I‑v-SÀ s]³-^‑oÂ-U‑v X-e-t¨‑mÀ i-k‑v-{X-{I‑n-b-b‑v-¡‑p h‑n-t[-b-a‑m-tI-ï‑n-b‑n-c‑p-¶ G-X‑m\‑p‑w tc‑m-K‑n-I-f‑n N‑n-e ]T-\§Ä \-S-¯‑n. I‑p-«‑n-IÄ I‑m-W‑p-¶-X‑p‑w tIÄ-¡‑p-¶-X‑p‑w A-\‑p-`-h‑n-¡‑p¶-X‑p-sa-Ã‑m‑w X-e-t¨‑m-d‑n e‑nJ‑n-X-a‑m-I‑p-¶‑p. X-e-t¨‑m-d‑n d‑n¡‑mÀ-U‑v sN-¿‑p-¶-h ]‑n-¶‑o-S‑v A-h-sâ P‑o-h‑n-X-¯‑n \‑nÀ-W‑mb-I k‑z‑m-[‑o-\‑w sN-e‑p-¯‑p-sa¶‑v A-t±-l‑w I-sï-¯‑n. I‑p-«‑n¡‑m-e-s¯ ]‑o-U-\-§Ä I‑p-«‑nIÄ-¡‑v h‑n-th-N‑n-¨-d‑n-b‑m³ I-g‑nb‑m-¯-X‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v X-s¶ F-{X \‑n-Ê‑m-c-a‑m-b X‑n-c‑n-¨-S‑n-b‑p‑w Ah-c‑p-sS `‑m-h‑n-sb tZ‑m-j-I-c-a‑mb‑n _‑m-[‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. c-ï‑p h-b-Ê‑n-\‑v a‑p-¼‑v I‑p-«‑n-I-sf i‑n£‑n-¡‑m-¯ c-£‑n-X‑m-¡Ä h‑n-cf-a‑m-W‑v. \‑n-Ê‑m-c I‑m-c-W-¯‑n-\‑pt]‑m-e‑p‑w ssI sI‑m-sï-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-S‑n-¨‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w. k‑v-I‑qÄ ]T-\I‑m-e-a‑m-I‑p-t¼‑mÄ h‑m-b‑n-¡‑m-¯X‑n-\‑p‑w F-g‑p-X‑m-¯-X‑n-\‑p‑w a‑mÀ¡‑v I‑p-d-ª-X‑n-\‑p‑w i-I‑m-c-h‑p‑w i‑n-£-b‑p-a‑m-b‑n I‑p-S‑p‑w-_‑m-´-c‑o£‑w a-e‑n-\-s¸-S‑p-¶‑p. F-´‑psI‑m-ï‑v C-§-s\ k‑w-`-h‑n-¡‑p¶‑p-sh-¶ ]T-\‑w c-£‑n-X‑m-¡Ä \-S-¯‑p-¶‑n-Ã. I‑m-c-W‑w c-£‑nX‑m-h‑m-I‑m-\‑p-Å ]-c‑n-i‑o-e-\-ta‑m h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k-ta‑m e-`‑n-¡‑m-sX-b‑mW‑v C‑u td‑m-f‑n-te-¡‑v h-c‑p-¶-X‑v. l‑n-ä‑v-e-d‑n-\‑v t]‑m-k‑n-ä‑o-h‑v k‑v-t{S‑m-¡-Ã, a-d‑n-¨‑v s\-K-ä‑oh‑v k‑v-t{S‑m-¡‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p e-`‑n¨-X‑v. s]‑m-«³, a-c-a-ï³, a-µ_‑p-²‑n, ]‑n-i‑m-N‑v, C-_‑v-e‑o-k‑v, P-´‑p, ]-l-b³ X‑p-S-§‑n-b t]c‑p-IÄ sI‑m-ï‑v I‑p-«‑n-I-sf A`‑n-k‑w-t_‑m-[-\‑w sN-¿‑p-¶-hÀ H‑mÀ-¡‑p-I. `‑m-h‑n-b‑n a-sä‑m-c‑p l‑n-ä‑v-e-sd \‑n-§Ä h‑mÀ-s¯-S‑p¡‑p-I-b‑m-W‑v. H-c‑p h‑y-à‑n-b‑p-sS h‑m-¡‑n-\‑m-e‑p‑w {]-h‑r-¯‑n-b‑m-e‑p‑w a-sä‑m-c‑p h‑y-à‑n-b‑p-sS a-\-Ê‑n-e‑pï‑m-I‑p-¶ a‑p-d‑n-h‑v s\-K-ä‑o-h‑v k‑vt{S‑m-¡‑m-W‑v. C-X‑v N‑n-e-t¸‑mÄ h‑n-]-c‑o-X ^-e‑w D-f-h‑m-¡‑p‑w. sN-d‑p-X‑p‑w h-e‑p-X‑p-a‑m-b \‑n-c-h-[‑n

s\-K-ä‑o-h‑v k‑v-t{S‑m-¡‑p-IÄ \‑m‑w a-ä‑p-Å-hÀ-¡‑v \Â-I‑n-s¡‑m-ï‑n-c‑n¡‑p-¶‑p. H-c‑p h-k‑v-X‑p-h‑n-s\-b‑p‑w \‑n-c‑m-i-s¸-S‑p-¯-c‑p-X‑v. i-]‑n-¡-c‑pX‑v, B-t£-]‑n-¡-c‑p-X‑v. A-X‑v aä‑p-Å-h-sc A-{I-a-¯‑n-te-¡‑p‑w ]-I-b‑n-te-¡‑p‑w ]‑n-W-¡-¯‑n-te¡‑p‑w \-b‑n-¡‑p‑w. I‑p-ª‑p-§-f‑n I‑m-W‑p-¶ sX-ä‑n-s\ \‑n-i‑n-X-a‑mb‑n h‑n-aÀ-i‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p ]-I-c‑w e-f‑n-X ssi-e‑n-b‑n t_‑m-[‑ys¸-S‑p-¯‑n-sI‑m-S‑p-¯‑m \-¶‑mb‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w. i-]‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑p‑w a-ä‑p‑w H-c‑n-¡-e‑p‑w tb‑m-P‑n-¨-X-Ã. 1952þ \‑y‑q-tb‑mÀ-¡‑n-se sX-c‑p-h‑p-I-f‑n-e‑q-sS H-c‑p ]-{´ï‑p h-b-Ê‑p-I‑m-c³ A-e-ª‑p \-S-¡‑p-¶-X‑v H-c‑p D-tZ‑y‑m-K-Øsâ {i-²-b‑n s]-«‑p. A-t±l-a-h-s\ I‑q-sS I‑q-«‑n. A-hs\ ]‑p-\-c-[‑n-h-k‑n-¸‑n-¡‑m-\‑mb‑n A-t±-l‑w ]-e Ø‑m-]-\§-f‑n-e‑p‑w sN-¶‑p. ]-t£, Bc‑p‑w k‑z‑o-I-c‑n-¨‑n-Ã. \‑nÀ-h‑m-l-a‑nÃ‑m-sX A-h³ sX-c‑p-h‑n-te-¡‑v X-s¶ a-S-§‑n. B-c‑p-sS-b‑p‑w k‑vt\-l‑w e-`‑n-¡‑m-sX A-\‑m-Y\‑m-b‑n h-fÀ-¶ B I‑p-«‑n F-Ã‑m Z‑p-j‑v-S k‑z-`‑m-h-§Ä-¡‑p‑w A-S‑na-b‑m-b‑n. ta‑m-j-W-h‑p‑w ]‑n-S‑n-¨‑p]-d‑n-b‑p‑w \-S-¯‑n P‑o-h‑n-¨‑p. A-h\‑m-W‑v A-ta-c‑n-¡³ {]-k‑n-Uâ‑v tP‑m¬ F-^‑v sI-¶-U‑n-b‑p-sS sI‑m-e-b‑m-f‑n-b‑m-b e‑o-l‑mÀ-sh H‑m-k‑v-h‑mÄ-U‑v. I‑p-«‑n-IÄ-¡‑v I‑n-«‑p-¶ A-hK-W-\-IÄ, s\-K-ä‑o-h‑v k‑v-t{S‑m¡‑p-IÄ \‑n-c-h-[‑n-b‑m-W‑v. a-ï³, s]‑m-«³, F-´‑n-\‑m-W‑v \‑o k‑vI‑q-f‑n t]‑m-h‑p-¶-X‑v? t]‑m-¯‑pt]‑m-se I-b-d‑n-h-c‑p-¶‑p, F-´‑mtS‑m ]T‑n-¨‑m-e‑v? h-à tl‑m-«Â tP‑m-e‑n-¡‑p‑w t]‑m-b‑n-¡‑q-S‑m-b‑nc‑p-t¶‑m? s]‑m-«-s\-t¸‑m-se Cc‑n-¡‑p‑w, a-\‑p-j‑y-sâ ssk‑z-c‑y‑w sI-S‑p-¯‑p-¶‑p, ]-d-ª‑m X‑nc‑n-b‑m-¯ P-´‑p, \‑o-sb‑m-¶‑p‑w ] T‑n-¨‑n-«‑v I‑m-c‑y-a‑n-Ã, \‑n-s¶-s¡‑msï‑m-¶‑p‑w B-h‑n-Ã, X‑n-¶‑m³ a‑m-{X‑w A-d‑n-b‑m‑w! ]-¯‑m‑w ¢‑mk‑n F-¯‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑p a‑p-¼‑v ]-e-t¸‑m-g‑p‑w I‑p-«‑n-IÄ-¡‑v e-`‑n¡‑p-¶ s\-K-ä‑o-h‑v k‑v-t{S‑m-¡‑p-If‑m-W‑n-h. C-X‑v A-h-c‑p-sS D-]t_‑m-[ a-\-Ê‑n-te-¡‑v X-Å‑n-h‑nS‑p-¶‑p. A-X‑p-t]‑m-se B-h‑m³ {i-a‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. A-h-c‑p-sS a-\-Ê‑v k‑v-I‑m³ sN-¿‑m³ c-£‑n-X‑m-

i‑n-i‑p H-c‑p ssX-s¨S‑n-b‑m-W‑v. A-X‑n-sâ h-fÀ-¨-b‑v-¡‑v B-h-i‑ya‑p-Å h-f-h‑p‑w sh-Åh‑p‑w a-ª‑p‑w k‑q-c‑y {]-I‑m-i-h‑p-sa-Ã‑m‑w bY‑m-h-k-c‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶‑nsÃ-¦‑n B sN-S‑n-\‑m¼‑v I-c‑n-ª‑v D-W-§‑nt¸‑m-I‑p‑w ¡Ä X-¿‑m-d‑m-h‑p-¶‑p-sh-¦‑n h‑m-b‑n-s¨-S‑p-¡‑m³ N‑n-e h‑m-N-I§-f‑p-ï‑m-I‑p-a‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. C-hsc-sb‑m-s¡ H-c‑p ]‑mT‑w ]T‑n-¸‑n¡-W‑w, F-\‑n-¡‑v F-´‑n-\‑m-W‑v C-hÀ P-·‑w \Â-I‑n-b-X‑v? a-c‑n¨‑m a-X‑n-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p! \‑m-S‑v h‑n«‑v t]‑m-b‑m sI‑m-Å‑m‑w. X‑p-S§‑n-b-h A-h-c‑p-sS a-\-Ê‑n X‑nf-¨‑p a-d‑n-b‑p-¶‑p-ï‑m-I‑p‑w. `-£-W-h‑p‑w h-k‑v-{X-h‑p‑w aä‑p I‑m-c‑y-§-f‑p‑w I‑p-ª‑p-§Ä-¡‑v e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. A-tX Ø‑m-\-¯‑v, s\-ä‑n-b‑n H-c‑p N‑p‑w-_-\‑w a‑mX‑m-]‑n-X‑m-¡-f‑n \‑n-¶‑p e-`‑n-¡‑p¶‑n-Ã. ]-c‑o-£-b‑n ]‑m-k‑m-b h‑n-h-c‑w h-¶‑p-]-d-b‑p-t¼‑mÄ Hc‑p ssj-I‑v-l‑m³-U‑v I‑n-«‑p-¶‑n-Ã. tÉ-ä‑n "h-e‑n-b i-c‑n' h‑m-§‑n h-c‑p-¶ I‑p-ª‑n-\‑p "h-f-sc \-¶‑m-b‑n-«‑p-ï‑v ta‑m-t\' F-¶ A‑w-K‑o-I‑m-c-¯‑n-sâ h-N-\‑w e-`‑n¡‑p-¶‑n-Ã. tÌ-P‑n I-b-d‑n K‑m\-a‑m-e-]‑n-¨‑p I-g‑n-ª‑v C-d-§‑n-hc‑p-t¼‑mÄ tX‑m-f‑n X-«‑n "C-\‑nb‑p‑w D-j‑m-d‑m-h-W‑w, ]‑m-«‑v R‑m³ B-k‑z-Z‑n-¨‑p' F-¶ A-`‑n-\-µ-\‑w I‑p-«‑n-I-sf tX-S‑n-sb-¯‑p-¶‑n-Ã. k‑v-t\-l k‑v-]À-i-\-h‑p‑w t\‑m-«h‑p‑w B-e‑n‑w-K-\-h‑p‑w X-te‑m-S-e‑p‑w ]-t©-{µ‑n-b‑w B-{K-l‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. k‑v-t\-l-¯‑n-\‑v H‑m-tc‑m-c‑p-¯-c‑p‑w Z‑m-l‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. A-X‑p e-`‑n-¡‑m-X‑nc‑n-¡‑p-t¼‑mÄ h‑n-I‑r-X‑n-b‑n-e‑q-sS s\-K-ä‑o-h‑v k‑v-t{S‑m-¡‑v tN‑m-Z‑n-¨‑ph‑m-§‑p-¶‑p. i‑n-i‑p H-c‑p ssX-s¨-S‑n-b‑mW‑v. A-X‑n-sâ h-fÀ-¨-b‑v-¡‑v Bh-i‑y-a‑p-Å h-f-h‑p‑w sh-Å-h‑p‑w aª‑p‑w k‑q-c‑y {]-I‑m-i-h‑p-sa-Ã‑m‑w b-Y‑m-h-k-c‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶‑n-sÃ-

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¦‑n B sN-S‑n-\‑m-¼‑v I-c‑n-ª‑v D-W-§‑n-t¸‑m-I‑p‑w. \-½‑p-sS I‑pª‑p-§Ä h-f-c‑p-¶-X‑v F-§-s\b‑p-Å a-®‑n-e‑m-W‑v? A-h-c‑p-sS h-fÀ-¨-¡‑m-h-i‑y-a‑m-b A-\‑p-I‑qe k‑m-l-N-c‑y-§Ä e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶‑ptï‑m? sN-S‑n \-\-b‑v-¡‑p-¶-X‑n-\‑v c-ï‑v c‑o-X‑n-b‑n sh-Å‑w H-g‑n¡‑m‑w. H-c‑p _-¡-ä‑v \‑n-d-sb shÅ‑w sN-S‑n-b‑p-sS a‑p-c-S‑n k‑mh-[‑m-\‑w H-g‑n-¨‑v sI‑m-S‑p-¡‑p-¶‑p. A-X‑v sN-S‑n-b‑p-sS h-fÀ-¨-b‑v-¡‑v k-l‑m-b-I-a‑m-I‑p‑w. A-tX-Ø‑m\-¯‑v sh-Å‑w a‑p-g‑p-h³ sN-S‑nb‑p-sS a‑p-I-f‑n-e‑q-sS i-à‑n-b‑nse‑m-g‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-sh-¦‑n-te‑m. sN-S‑n \-i‑n-¡‑p‑w. ]-c‑n-e‑m-f-\ I‑n-«‑p-¶‑nsÃ-¦‑n \-s«-Ã‑v N‑p-c‑p-§‑n-t¸‑mI‑p-sa-¶ ]-g-sa‑m-g‑n H‑mÀ-¡‑p-I. I‑p-«‑n-I-sf k‑v-t\-l‑n-¨‑m a‑m{X‑w t]‑m-c‑m, k‑v-t\-l‑n-¡-s¸-S‑p¶‑p-sï-¶‑v A-hÀ-¡‑v t_‑m-[‑ys¸-S-W‑w! k‑v-]À-i-\-¯‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w X-g‑p-I-e‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w X-te‑m-S-e‑n-sâb‑p‑w B-e‑n‑w-K-\-¯‑n-sâ-b‑p‑w `‑mj a‑m-{X-ta I‑p-ª‑p-§Ä-¡‑v a\-Ê‑n-e‑m-I‑p-I-b‑p-Å‑q. A-X‑v C-¶‑v ]-e I‑p-ª‑p-§Ä-¡‑p‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p¶‑n-Ã. P-\‑n-¨-b‑p-S-s\ I‑p-ª‑p§-tf‑m-S‑v I‑m-W‑n-¨ k-a‑o-]-\-a‑mtW‑m c-tï‑m a‑q-t¶‑m h-b-Ê‑mI‑p-t¼‑mÄ \‑m‑w I‑m-W‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v? \-_‑n(-k‑z) a-¡Ä-¡‑n-S-b‑n h‑n-th-N-\‑w I‑m-W‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑n-Ã. A-h‑n-S‑p-¶‑v I‑p-ª‑p-§-sf Be‑n‑w-K-\‑w sN-¿‑m-d‑p-ï‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. A-hÀ-¡‑v a‑m-\-k‑n-tI‑m-Ã‑m-k‑w e`‑n-¡‑p-¶ \-à I‑m-c‑y-§-sf‑m-s¡ sN-¿-W‑w. A-h-c‑p-sS I‑p-c‑p-¶‑p I-c-§-f‑n t]‑m-d-teÂ-¡‑m-X‑nc‑n-¡‑m³ {i-a‑n-¡-W‑w. k‑v-t\l‑w \-j‑v-S-s¸-S‑p-¶‑p F-¶ tX‑m¶Â A-h-c‑n k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-¡-c‑pX‑v. X‑n-c‑p-\-_‑n(-k‑z) \‑n-k‑v-I-c‑n¡‑p-¶ N‑n-e k-a-b-¯‑v t]‑m-e‑p‑w I‑p-ª‑p-§-sf F-S‑p-¯‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ X‑n-c‑p-k-¶‑n-[‑nb‑n \‑nÂ-¡‑p-t¼‑mÄ h-sc I‑pª‑p-§-f‑p-sS I‑m-c‑y‑w {]-tX‑yI‑w K‑u-\‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. A-h-c‑p-sS a-\-Ê‑n X-s¶ A-h-K-W‑n-¨‑p F-¶‑p tX‑m-¶‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑m-\‑m-W‑v C-§-s\ sN-¿‑p-¶-X‑v. sN-d‑p-¸¯‑n-e‑p-Å C‑u s]-c‑p-a‑m-ä-a-{Xb‑p‑w A-h-c‑p-sS `‑m-h‑n P‑o-h‑n-Xs¯ k‑z‑m-[‑o-\‑n-¡‑p-I X-s¶ sN-¿‑p‑w.

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

Ncn-{X -hn-Nmcw tI‑m¬-{K-k‑v `-c-W-I‑q-S-¯‑n-\‑p‑w t\-X‑m-¡Ä-¡‑p‑w K‑p-P-d‑m-¯‑n A-¡‑m-e-¯‑p \-S-¶ a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w h‑w-i-l-X‑y-b‑n kÀ-¡‑m-d‑n-sâ Z‑p-c‑q-la‑m-b \‑n-Ê‑w-K-X-s¡-X‑n-sc-b‑p‑w K-^‑mÀ-J‑m³ {]-k‑v-X‑m-h-\-IÄ ]‑p-d-s¸-S‑p-h‑n-¨‑p-

K-^‑mÀ-J‑m-sâ h-c-h‑p‑w h‑n-h‑m-Z-§-f‑p‑w 1969

þ-se K‑m-Ô‑n P-·-iX‑m-_‑v-Z‑n B-tL‑m-tj‑mZ‑v-L‑m-S-\-¯‑n-\‑v tI-{µ kÀ-¡‑mÀ k‑mtL‑m-j‑w sI‑m-ï‑p-h-¶ A-X‑nÀ-¯‑n K‑mÔ‑n J‑m³ A-_‑v-Z‑p K-^‑mÀ-J‑m-sâ hÀ-K‑o-b-X-s¡-X‑n-c‑m-b D-]-h‑m-k-h‑p‑w X‑pSÀ-¶‑p-Å h‑n-h‑m-Z-§-f‑p-a‑m-W‑v a‑p³ e-¡¯‑n ]-c‑m-aÀ-i‑n-¨-X‑v. ]‑p-c-k‑v-I‑m-c‑w \Â-I‑n A-t±-l-s¯ k‑w-{]‑o-X-\‑m-¡‑m³ {i-a‑n-s¨-¦‑n-e‑p‑w tI‑m¬-{K-k‑v `-c-W-I‑q-S¯‑n-\‑p‑w t\-X‑m-¡Ä-¡‑p‑w K‑p-P-d‑m-¯‑n A-¡‑m-e-¯‑p \-S-¶ a‑p-k‑v-e‑n‑w h‑w-i-lX‑y-b‑n kÀ-¡‑m-d‑n-sâ Z‑p-c‑q-l-a‑m-b \‑nÊ‑w-K-X-s¡-X‑n-sc-b‑p‑w A-t±-l‑w {]-k‑vX‑m-h-\-IÄ ]‑p-d-s¸-S‑p-h‑n-¨‑p-sI‑m-ï‑n-c‑p¶‑p. tI‑m¬-{K-k‑v t\-X‑m-¡Ä-¡‑v sNd‑n-b X-e-th-Z-\-b-à A-h k‑r-j‑v-S‑n-¨-X‑v. C-X‑p-k‑w-_-Ô‑n-¨‑m-W‑v H-I‑v-tS‑m-_À 24 e-¡-¯‑n-se a‑p-J-te-J-\‑w. J‑m³ K^‑mÀ-J‑m³ C-´‑y-b‑n F-¶‑p i‑oÀ-jI‑w. sI-h‑n k‑q-¸‑n-b‑m-W‑p te-J-I³. AX‑n \‑n-¶‑v: A-§‑v A-^‑v-K‑m-\‑n-k‑v-X‑m-\‑n-se‑m-c‑n-S¯‑v h‑n-{i-a‑n-¨‑v sI‑m-ï‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶ A-_‑vPqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

Z‑p K-^‑mÀ-J‑m-s\ s\-S‑p-\‑m-f-s¯ X‑o{h {i-a-¯‑n-sâ ^-e-a‑m-b‑n C-¶‑v C-´‑yb‑n sI‑m-ï‑p-h-c‑m³ \-a‑p-¡‑v I-g‑n-ª‑nc‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. `‑m-K‑y‑w! a-l‑m-`‑m-K‑y‑w! A-X‑nÀ¯‑n K‑m-Ô‑n-b‑m-sW-¦‑n I‑q-S‑n \‑m‑w A-t±-l-¯‑n-sâ K‑m-Ô‑n-k-s¯ G-sX¦‑n-e‑p-sa‑m-c‑p A-X‑nÀ-¯‑n-b‑n H-X‑p-¡‑n\‑nÀ-¯‑m³ X-¿‑m-d‑m-b‑n-Ã. A-X‑n-sâ ^-ea‑m-W-tÃ‑m te‑m-I-k-a‑m-[‑m-\-¯‑n-\‑p-Å Ph-lÀ-e‑m s\-l‑v-d‑p A-h‑mÀ-U‑v A-t±-l¯‑n-\‑v \Â-I‑m³ \‑m‑w X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-\‑n-¨-X‑p‑w. K‑m-Ô‑n P-·-i-X‑m-_‑v-Z‑n Z‑n-\-¯‑n-sâ X-te-¶‑mÄ ss_-d‑q-¯‑v h-g‑n t_‑m‑w-s_b‑n-se k‑m-´‑m-{I‑q-k‑v h‑n-a‑m-\-¯‑m-h-f¯‑nÂ, C-´‑y-b‑p-sS A-´-c‑o-£-¯‑n hÀ-K‑o-b-X-b‑p-sS I‑mÀ-ta-L-§Ä i-à‑na-¯‑m-b‑n A-S‑n-ª‑p-I‑q-S‑n-s¡‑m-ï‑n-c‑p-¶‑p sh-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-t±-l-¯‑n-sâ h‑n-a‑m-\-¯‑n\‑v C-d-§‑m³ h‑n-j-a-sa‑m-¶‑p-a‑p-ï‑m-b‑n-c‑p¶‑n-Ã. A-t±-l-s¯ H-c‑p-t\‑m-¡‑v I‑m-W‑m\‑p‑w l‑mÀ-{Z-a‑m-b‑n k‑z‑m-K-X‑w sN-¿‑m-\‑pa‑m-b‑n P-\-e-£-§Ä X-S‑n-¨‑p-I‑q-S‑n. P-\e-£-§Ä \Â-I‑p-¶ k‑v-t\-l‑m-Z-c-§Ä ZÀ-i‑n-¨ B h-e‑n-b a-\‑p-j‑y³ A-l-

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¦‑m-c‑n-b‑m-b‑n-Ã. h‑n-I‑m-c-`-c‑n-X\‑p-a‑m-b‑n-Ã. "C‑u k‑v-t\-l‑w \‑n-§Ä \‑n-§-f‑p-sS C-S-b‑n ]-c-k‑v-]-c‑w {]-ZÀ-i‑n-¸‑n-¡‑p-I' A-X‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p B a-\‑p-j‑y k‑v-t\-l‑n-b‑p-sS H-¶‑m-a-s¯ h‑m-¡‑v. F-s´-´‑p {]-X‑o-£I-tf‑m-sS-b‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p A-t±l-s¯ C-h‑n-tS-¡‑p h-c‑p¯‑n-b‑n-c‑p-¶-sX-t¶‑m! h‑n-[‑n ssh-]-c‑o-X‑y-sa-¶‑v ]-d-b-s«, \‑m‑w A-X‑n-b‑m-b‑n B-i‑n-¨‑p sI‑m-ï‑n-c‑p-¶ H-c‑p {]-k‑v-X‑mh-\-b‑p‑w A-t±-l-¯‑n-sâ \‑m¡‑n \‑n-¶‑v ]‑p-d-¯‑p-h-¶‑n-Ã. \-½‑p-sS a‑p-g‑p-h³ {]-X‑o-£I-sf-b‑p‑w X-I‑n-S‑w a-d‑n-¨‑p-sI‑mï‑p-Å {]-k‑v-X‑m-h-\-IÄ Z‑n\‑w {]-X‑n A-t±-l-¯‑nÂ

7 a-W‑n-a‑p-X a‑q-¶‑p Z‑n-h-ks¯ D-]-h‑m-k‑w \‑y‑q-UÂ-l‑nb‑n A-t±-l-¯‑n-sâ X‑m-ak Ø-e-¯‑v X-s¶ B-c‑w-`‑n¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X‑p.' J‑m-sâ {]-k‑v-X‑m-h-\ teJ-I³ ]-c‑m-aÀ-i‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p: X‑m³ C-´‑y-b‑n h-¶-X‑n-\‑p ti-j‑w A-[‑n-I‑m-c-h‑p‑w {]-X‑m]-h‑p‑w t\-S‑m³ D-X‑v-I-W‑vT‑mI‑p-e-c‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶ k‑z‑mÀ-°‑nI-f‑m-b t\-X‑m-¡-sf a‑m-{X-ta I‑m-W‑m³ I-g‑n-ª‑p-Å‑q... ]‑pX‑p-X‑m-b‑n k‑z‑m-X-{´‑y‑w t\S‑n-b c‑m-j‑v-{S-§Ä {Z‑p-X-K-X‑nb‑n h‑n-I-k‑n-¨‑p-sI‑m-ï‑n-c‑n¡‑p-t¼‑mÄ C-´‑y-b‑p‑w ]‑m-I‑nk‑v-X‑m-\‑p‑w ]‑n-¶‑m-¡‑w t]‑mb‑n-s¡‑m-ï‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶-sX-´‑psI‑m-ï‑m-sW-¶‑p k-aÀ-°‑n-

K‑m-Ô‑n-b‑p-sS A-´‑y‑m-`‑n-e‑mj‑w a‑m-\‑n-¨‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v C-´‑y³ \‑m-j-WÂ tI‑m¬-{K-k‑v ]‑n-c‑n-¨‑p-h‑n-tS-ï-X‑v B-hi‑y-a‑m-sW-¶‑p‑w! (N-{µ‑n-I 13.10.69). te-J-\‑w X‑p-S-c‑p-¶‑p: A-X‑nÀ-¯‑n K‑m-Ô‑n-sb k‑z‑oI-c‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-Å k-a‑n-X‑n-b‑psS A-[‑y-£-\‑m-b {i‑o Pb-{]-I‑m-i‑v \‑m-c‑m-b-W³ 80 e-£‑w c‑q-] k-½‑m-\-a‑m-b‑n A-X‑nÀ-¯‑n K‑m-Ô‑n-¡‑v k-a‑nX‑n \Â-I‑p-¶-X‑m-sW-¶‑v a‑pt¼ {]-J‑y‑m-]‑n-¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. B k‑w-J‑y a‑p-g‑p-h³ ti-J-c‑n-¡‑pI-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X‑p. C-§-s\-sb‑m-s¡ B a-l‑m-\‑m-b t\-X‑m-h‑n-s\ {]‑o-X‑n-s¸-S‑p-¯‑m³ "\‑m‑w'

C-§-s\-sb‑m-s¡ B a-l‑m-\‑m-b t\X‑m-h‑n-s\ {]‑o-X‑n-s¸S‑p-¯‑m³ `cW-IqSw b-X‑v-\‑n-¨‑n-«‑p‑w A-t±-l¯‑n \‑n-¶‑p-ï‑m-b {]-X‑n-I-c-W‑w h‑n-]-c‑oX-a‑m-sW-¶‑v h-¶‑m A-sX-´‑p-a‑m-{X‑w \‑nc‑m-i‑m-P-\-I-a-Ã? \‑n-¶‑v ]‑p-d-¯‑p-h-¶‑p-sI‑m-tïb‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p-¶‑p. C-f‑n-`‑y-c‑m-b \-½‑p-sS t\-X‑m¡Ä ]-c-k‑v-]-c‑w a‑p-J-¯‑pt\‑m-¡‑n ]-I-¨‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑mW‑n-t¸‑mÄ. K‑m-Ô‑n-P‑n-b‑p-sS P-·-\‑m«‑n A-X‑y‑p-{K-h‑p‑w k‑w-L-S‑nX-h‑p-a‑m-b \‑n-e-b‑n c‑q-]‑w {]‑m-]‑n-¨‑p I-g‑n-ª A-{I-a-{]hÀ-¯-\-§Ä B K‑m-Ô‑n-`à-sâ l‑r-Z-b-s¯ D-e-¨‑p-If-ª‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. C-h‑n-S‑p-s¯ a-®‑n \‑n-¶‑p sI‑m-ï‑p-Xs¶ k-X‑y‑m-{K-l-h‑p‑w D-]-h‑mk-h‑p‑w \-S-¯-W-sa-¶‑v X‑o-c‑pa‑m-\‑n-¨‑p-sI‑m-ï‑m-W‑v R‑m³ h-¶-sX-¶‑v A-t±-l‑w X‑p-d¶‑p ]-d-b‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X‑p. H-I‑v-tS‑m-_À 3þ-\‑v I‑m-e-¯‑v

¡‑m-\‑p‑w A-t±-l‑w a-d-¶‑n-Ã. C-´‑y-b‑n-se t\-X‑m-¡Ä-¡‑v [‑m-c‑m-f‑w {]-k‑w-K‑n-¡‑p-I, AÂ-]‑w a‑m-{X‑w {]-hÀ-¯‑n¡‑p-I F-¶ k‑z-`‑m-h-a‑m-W‑pÅ-X‑v F-¶‑v K‑m-Ô‑n i-X‑m-_‑vZ‑n Z‑n-\-¯‑n c‑m‑w-e‑o-e‑m {K‑uï‑n tNÀ-¶ tb‑m-K-¯‑n A-t±-l‑w B-t£-]‑n-¨‑p. H-S‑p-h‑n-e‑n-X‑m ]‑p-d¯‑p-h-¶ H-c‑p {]-k‑v-X‑m-h\-þ-I‑m-i‑v-a‑o-c‑n-se P-\-§Ä¡‑v C-´‑y \Â-I‑n-b h‑m-K‑v-Z‑m\‑w ]‑m-e‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑m-sW-¦‑n A-§-s\-sb‑m-c‑p {]-i‑v-\-ta A-h-ti-j‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑n-à F-¶‑v C-´‑y³ {]-k‑v-¢-º‑v \Â-I‑n-b k‑z‑o-I-c-W-¯‑n k‑w-_-Ô‑n¨‑p-sI‑m-ï‑v A-t±-l‑w {]-k‑vX‑m-h‑n-¨‑n-c‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p. a-l‑m-ß‑m

47

b-X‑v-\‑n-¨‑n-«‑p‑w A-t±-l-¯‑n \‑n-¶‑p-ï‑m-b {]-X‑n-I-c-W‑w h‑n-]-c‑o-X-a‑m-sW-¶‑v h-¶‑m A-sX-´‑p-a‑m-{X‑w \‑n-c‑m-i‑m-P\-I-a-Ã? C‑u \‑n-c‑m-i-b‑n \‑n-¶‑v P-·-sa-S‑p-¯-X‑m-W‑v Pb-{]-I‑m-i‑v \‑m-c‑m-b-W-sâ (a‑pk‑v-e‑n‑w h‑n-c‑p-²-a‑m-b-þ-te-J.) ]‑p-X‑n-b {]-k‑v-X‑m-h-\. AX‑n B-c‑p‑w I‑p-W‑vT‑n-X-s¸-tSï-X‑n-Ã. C-t±-l-¯‑n-sâ C-´‑y‑m k-µÀ-i-\‑w C‑u c‑m-P‑y-s¯ t\-X‑m-¡-·‑m-sc C-c‑p-¯‑n N‑n´‑n-¸‑n-¡‑m³ ]-c‑y‑m-]‑v-X-a‑m-sb¦‑n \‑m‑w [-\‑y-c‑m-b‑n. \‑y‑q-\]-£‑w c-£ {]‑m-]‑n-¨‑p-þ-I‑p-d‑n¸‑v A-h-k‑m-\‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑m-W‑v.

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

(X‑p-S-c‑p‑w)

a-c-W-k-a-b-¯‑v A-X‑o-h Z‑p‑x-J‑n-X-\‑m-b‑n B-a‑nÀ(-d) I-c-b‑p-¶-X‑v I-ï‑v I‑q-«‑p-I‑mÀ I‑m-c‑y-a-t\‑z-j‑n-¨-t¸‑mÄ A-t±-l‑w ]dªp: ]-c-te‑m-I-¯‑v k‑zÀ-K-a‑m-tW‑m \-c-I-a‑m-tW‑m e-`‑n-¡‑p-I F-¶-X‑n H-c‑p-d-¸‑p‑w F-\‑n-¡‑n-Ã-tÃ‑m F-t¶‑mÀ-¯‑m-W‑v F-sâ a-\‑x-{]-b‑m-k‑w

B-J‑n-d‑w I‑m-a‑n-¨ B-a‑nÀ(-d) j-u-¡-¯-e-n _-m-J-h-n h-n-b-ä-v\-m-w-]-S-n

C

-X‑v B-a‑nÀ-_‑v-\‑p A-_‑v-Z‑n-Ã‑m-l‑n-¯-a‑o-a‑n-¿‑v(-d). _-k‑z-d-b‑n-se ]-c‑n-X‑y‑m-K‑n, k‑z-l‑m-_‑n-b‑m-b A-_‑q-a‑q-k A-i‑v-A-c‑n(-d)h‑n-sâ A-c‑p-a i‑n-j‑y³. a‑q¶‑v I‑m-c‑y-§Ä-¡‑m-b‑n `‑m-K‑n-¨‑p-sh-¨-X‑m-W‑v B a-l-X‑v P‑o-h‑n-X‑w. Z‑n-I‑v-d‑n-sâ a-P‑v-e‑n-k‑p-IÄ-¡‑p‑w G-I-\‑m-b‑n Bc‑m-[-\-b‑n a‑p-g‑p-I‑m-\‑p‑w A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-sâ a‑mÀ-K-¯‑n b‑p-²‑w sN-¿‑m-\‑p‑w a‑m-{X‑w. a-sä‑m-c‑p I‑m-c‑y-¯‑n-\‑p‑w X-sâ P‑o-h‑n-X-¯‑n C-S‑w -sI‑m-S‑p-¡‑p-¶-X‑v B-c‑p-sS-b‑p‑w Z‑r-j‑v-S‑nb‑n s]-«‑n-«‑n-Ã. H-c‑n-¡Â B-a‑nÀ(-d) A-S-§‑p-¶ b‑m-{X‑m- k‑w-L‑w c‑m{X‑n-b‑m-b-t¸‑mÄ I‑m-S‑n-sâ H-c‑p `‑m-K-¯‑v X-¼-S‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑mb‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. B-a‑nÀ(-d) X-sâ h-k‑v-X‑p-¡-sf-Ã‑m‑w H-c‑p-`‑m-K¯‑v sh-¨‑p-, I‑p-X‑n-c-sb sI-«‑n-b‑n-«‑p ]‑p-Ã‑v ]-d‑n-¨‑v X‑n-¶‑m³

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

48

sI‑m-S‑p-¯‑p. F-¶‑n-«‑v A-t±-l‑w B c‑m-{X‑n I‑m-«‑n-te-¡‑v I-b-d‑n. F-¶‑m A-t±-l-a-d‑n-b‑m-sX Hc‑p I‑q-«‑p-I‑m-c³ C-sX-Ã‑m‑w \‑n-c‑o£‑n-¡‑p-¶‑p-ï‑m-b‑n-c‑p-¶‑p. I‑q-«‑p-I‑m-c-sâ `‑m-j-b‑n C\‑n I-Y-tIÄ-¡‑m‑w: R‑m-\-t±-l-s¯ c-l-k‑y-a‑mb‑n ]‑n-´‑p-SÀ-¶‑p. A-t±-l‑w CS-X‑qÀ-¶ B h-\-¯‑n-te-¡‑v Ib-d‑n. B-c‑p‑w I‑m-W‑p-¶‑n-sÃ-¶‑pd-¸‑p-h-c‑p-¯‑n-b ti-j‑w J‑n-_‑v-e¡‑v a‑p-¶‑n-«‑v \‑n-k‑v-I-c‑n-¡‑m³ X‑pS-§‑n. C-{X-b‑p‑w ]‑qÀ-W-X-b‑p-Å H-c‑p \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c‑w R‑m³ I-ï‑n-«‑nÃ. I‑p-td \‑n-k‑v-I-c‑n-¨‑m ]‑n-¶‑oS‑v A-t±-l‑w Z‑p-B sN-¿‑m³ X‑pS-§‑p‑w. A-§-s\ F-\‑n-¡‑v D-d¡‑w- h-¶‑p. R‑m-\-d‑n-b‑m-sX D-d§‑n-t¸‑m-b‑n. R‑m³ C-S-¡‑v D-Wc‑p-t¼‑m-sg-Ã‑m‑w B-a‑nÀ \‑n-k‑v-I‑mc-¯‑n-e‑p‑w {]‑m-°-\-b‑n-e‑p‑w -Xs¶. {]-`‑m-X-a‑m-b-t¸‑mÄ A-t±l‑w ^À-f‑v \‑n-k‑v-I-c‑n-¨‑p. ]‑n-¶‑oS‑v {]‑mÀ-°‑n-¡‑m³ X‑p-S-§‑n. Z‑p-B-¡‑n-S-b‑n A-t±-l‑w ]-d-ª N‑n-e- h-c‑n-IÄ R‑m³ {]-tX‑y-I‑w {i-²‑n-¨‑p: "A-Ã‑ml‑p-th, \‑n-t¶‑m-S‑v R‑m³ a‑q-¶‑v I‑m-c‑y-§Ä tN‑m-Z‑n-¨‑p. A-X‑n c-sï-®‑w F-\‑n-¡‑v \‑o \Â-I‑n. H-¶‑v \‑o X-S-ª‑p-sh-¨‑p. \‑n-\¡‑v th-ï-t]‑m-se C-_‑m-Z-¯‑v sN-¿‑m³ A-X‑v-I‑q-S‑n F-\‑n-¡‑v \‑o \Â-I-tW.' {]‑mÀ-°-\ I-g‑n-ª‑v Ba‑nÀ(-d) F-g‑p-t¶-ä‑p. B k-a-b¯‑m-W‑v A-t±-l‑w F-s¶-I‑mW‑p-¶-X‑v. A-tX‑m-sS B-a‑nÀ Ak‑z-Ø-\‑m-b‑n. A-t±-l‑w tN‑m-Z‑n-¨‑p: \‑n-§sf-s¶ I-g‑n-ª c‑m-{X‑n h‑o-£‑n¨‑n-c‑p-¶‑p-th‑m? R‑m³ ]-d-ª‑p: "A-tX.' A-t¸‑mÄ A-t±-l‑w ]-dª‑p: -"F-¦‑n \‑n-§Ä F-¶‑n \‑n-¶‑v I-ï-sX‑m-¶‑p‑w ]-c-k‑y-a‑m-¡-c‑p-X‑v. A-Ã‑m-l‑p \‑n-§Ä-¡‑v I-c‑p-W- sN-¿-s«.' R‑m³ ]-d-ª‑p: "R‑m³ ]-d-b‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡-W-sa-¦‑n \‑n-§Ä d-º‑n-t\‑m-S‑v tN‑m-Z‑n-¨ B a‑q-¶‑v I‑m-c‑y-§Ä F-\‑n-¡‑v ]-d-ª‑v X-c-W‑w.' B-Z‑y‑w A-t±-l‑w h‑n-k-½X‑n-s¨-¦‑n-e‑p‑w R‑m³ ]‑n-·‑m-d‑nsÃ-¶‑v I-ï-t¸‑mÄ h-g-§‑n. Btc‑m-S‑p‑w A-d‑n-b‑n-¡‑n-sÃ-¶‑p I-

c‑mÀ h‑m-§‑n. \‑n-§Ä P‑o-h‑n-¨‑n-c‑n¡‑p-¶ I‑m-e-¯‑v sh-f‑n-s¸-S‑p-¯‑nsÃ-¶‑v R‑m³ h‑m-¡‑p-sI‑m-S‑p-¡‑pI-b‑p‑w sN-b‑v-X‑p. A-t±-l‑w h‑n-i-Z‑o-I-c‑n-¨‑p X‑pS-§‑n. k‑v-{X‑o-I-tf‑m-S‑p-Å k‑v-t\l‑w F-sâ Z‑o-\‑n-s\ \-i‑n-¸‑n-¨‑v I-f-b‑p-sa-¶‑v R‑m³ `-b-s¸-«‑n-c‑p¶‑p. A-§-s\ A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-t\‑mS‑v F-sâ a-\-Ê‑n \‑n-¶‑v A-X‑v \‑o-¡‑n-¡-f-b‑m³ R‑m³ Z‑p-B -C-c-¶‑p. C-t¸‑mÄ k‑p-µ-c‑n-b‑m-b H-c‑p k‑v-{X‑o-sb I‑m-W‑p-¶-X‑p‑w tI-h-e‑w H-c‑p N‑p-a-c‑v I‑m-W‑p-¶X‑p‑w F-\‑n-¡‑v H-c‑p-t]‑m-se-b‑mW‑v. A-Ã‑m-l‑p-h‑n-s\-b-Ã‑m-sX H-¶‑n-s\-b‑p‑w F-\‑n-¡‑v `-b-a‑pï‑m-I‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡‑m³ R‑m³ c-ï‑ma-X‑v Z‑p-B sN-b‑v-X‑p. C-t¸‑mÄ B-I‑m-i `‑q-a‑n-I-f‑n A-Ã‑m-l‑ph‑n-s\-b-Ã‑m-sX a-sä‑m-¶‑n-s\-b‑p‑w R‑m³ `-b-¡‑p-¶‑n-Ã. a‑q-¶‑m-a-t¯-tX‑m? P‑n-Ú‑mk-tb‑m-sS R‑m³ tN‑m-Z‑n-¨‑p. "c‑m-h‑p‑w ]-I-e‑p‑w h‑y-X‑y‑mk-a‑n-Ã‑m-sX d-º‑n-\‑v C-_‑m-Z¯‑v sN-¿‑m³ th-ï‑n D-d-¡‑w F-¶‑n \‑n-¶-I-ä‑n-X-c-W-sa¶‑v \‑m-Y-t\‑m-S‑v R‑m³ tN‑m-Z‑n¨‑p. B {]‑mÀ-°-\-¡‑v F-\‑n-¡‑v D-¯-c‑w e-`‑n-¨‑n-«‑n-Ã.' C-X‑v-tI-«-t¸‑mÄ R‑m-\-t±l-t¯‑m-S‑v ]-d-ª‑p: C-t¸‑mÄ X-s¶ \‑n-§Ä c‑m-{X‑n a‑p-g‑p-h³ \‑n-k‑v-I-c‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w ]-I a‑pg‑p-h³ t\‑m-¼‑v t\‑mÂ-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v. C-X‑n-t\-¡‑mÄ I‑p-d-ª B-c‑m-[-\-IÄ sI‑m-ï‑v X-s¶ k‑zÀ-K‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w \-c-I c-£ e-`‑n-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-

a‑q-¶‑v I‑m-c‑y-§Ä F\‑n-¡‑v \‑n-§Ä h‑n-«‑p-X¶‑m R‑m³ \‑n-§-f‑psS I‑q-sS-¡‑q-S‑m‑w. H-¶‑v, R‑m-\‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w \‑n-§f‑p-sS tk-h-I³. c-ï‑m-aX‑v, R‑m-\‑m-W‑v \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c¯‑n-\‑v h‑m-¦‑v h‑n-f‑n-¡‑p-I. a‑q-¶‑v, F-sâ I-g‑n-h-\‑pk-c‑n-¨‑v \‑n-§Ä-¡‑v th-ï‑n R‑m³ sN-e-h-g‑n-¡‑p‑w 49

¿‑p-a-tÃ‑m? A-t±-l‑w ]-d-ª‑p: "k‑p-l‑rt¯ tJ-Z‑w D-]-I‑m-c-s¸-S‑m-s¯c‑p \‑m-f‑n tJ-Z‑n-t¡-ï‑n h-c‑p¶-X‑n-s\ R‑m³ `-b-s¸-S‑p-¶‑p. A-Ã‑m-l‑p- k-X‑y‑w, R‑m³ Bc‑m-[-\ A-[‑n-I-c‑n-¸‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-Å ]-c‑n-{i-a‑w X‑p-SÀ-¶‑v sI‑m-ï‑n-c‑n¡‑p-I-X-s¶ sN-¿‑p‑w. R‑m³ c-£-s¸-«‑m A-X‑v \‑m-Y-sâ I-c‑p-W sI‑m-ï‑v. R‑m³ \-c-I¯‑n I-S-¶‑m A-sX-sâ h‑og‑v-N sI‑m-ï‑p-a‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w.' b‑m-{X ]‑p-d-s¸-S‑p-t¼‑mÄ X-sâ k‑w-L-s¯ X‑n-c-sªS‑p-¡‑m³ B-a‑nÀ(-d) sN-¿‑p-¶ ]-c‑o-£-W-§Ä N-c‑n-{X {K-Ù§-f‑n- I‑m-W‑m‑w. A-t±-l‑w B k‑w-L-t¯‑m-S‑v h‑n-f‑n-¨‑v ]-db‑p‑w: "a‑q-¶‑v I‑m-c‑y-§Ä F-\‑n-¡‑v \‑n-§Ä h‑n-«‑p-X-¶‑m R‑m³ \‑n-§-f‑p-sS I‑q-sS-¡‑q-S‑m‑w. H-¶‑v, R‑m-\‑m-b‑n-c‑n-¡‑p‑w \‑n-§-f‑p-sS tk-h-I³, B-c‑p‑w A-X‑n-\‑v h‑nk-½-X‑w {]-I-S‑n-¸‑n-¡-c‑p-X‑v. cï‑m-a-X‑v, R‑m-\‑m-W‑v \‑n-k‑v-I‑m-c¯‑n-\‑v h‑m-¦‑v h‑n-f‑n-¡‑p-I. a‑q-¶‑v, F-sâ I-g‑n-h-\‑p-k-c‑n-¨‑v \‑n-§Ä¡‑v th-ï‑n R‑m³ sN-e-h-g‑n¡‑p‑w.' C-X‑v A-hÀ k-½-X‑n-¨‑m A-t±-l‑w B k‑w-L-¯‑n tNc‑p‑w. C-sÃ-¦‑n a-ä‑p b‑m-{X‑m k‑w-L-¯‑n-te-¡‑v t]‑m-h‑p‑w. P‑oh‑n-X‑m-´‑y-¯‑n i‑m-a‑n-e‑m-b‑n-c‑p¶‑p a-l‑m-sâ X‑m-a-k‑w. ss_X‑pÂ-a‑p-J-±‑n-k‑v X-sâ h‑o-S‑m-b‑n A-t±-l‑w X‑n-c-sª-S‑p-¯‑p. a-c-W-k-a-b-¯‑v A-X‑o-h Z‑p‑x-J‑n-X-\‑m-b‑n B-a‑nÀ(-d) I-c-b‑p¶-X‑v I-ï‑v I‑q-«‑p-I‑mÀ I‑m-c‑y-at\‑z-j‑n-¨-t¸‑mÄ A-t±-l‑w \ÂI‑n-b a-d‑p-]-S‑n N‑n-´-\‑o-b-a‑m-W‑v: I‑p-d-ª `-£-W-h‑p-a‑m-b‑n Z‑oÀL-b‑m-{X-b‑m-W-tÃ‑m F-\‑n-¡‑pÅ-X‑v. ]-c-te‑m-I-¯‑v k‑zÀ-K-a‑mtW‑m \-c-I-a‑m-tW‑m e-`‑n-¡‑p-I F-¶-X‑n H-c‑p-d-¸‑p‑w F-\‑n-¡‑n-ÃtÃ‑m F-t¶‑mÀ-¯‑m-W‑v F-sâ a\‑x-{]-b‑m-k‑w.' Z‑n-I‑v-d‑v sN‑m-Ã‑n A-t±-l‑w C‑u te‑m-I-t¯‑m-S‑v h‑n-S ]-dª‑p. ]‑p-W‑y-\-_‑n C-k‑v-d‑m-A‑v \-S-¯‑n-b Ø-e-¯‑v, a‑p-A‑v-a‑n-\‑o§-f‑p-sS B-Z‑y- J‑n-_‑v-e-b‑n al‑m³ A-´‑y-h‑n-{i-a‑w sI‑m-Å‑p¶‑p.

Pqsse 1þ15 $ 2016

adp-samgn

apdm-Jn_v

Bi¦-bp-WÀ-¯p-¶ A-\y-tZ-i-¡mÀ A

-\‑y-k‑w-Ø‑m-\ sX‑m-g‑n-e‑m-f‑nIÄ tI-c-f-¯‑n-se \‑nÀ-a‑mW ta-J-e-b‑n-e‑p‑w a-ä‑p‑w \Â-I‑n-b tk-h\§Ä sN-d‑p-X-Ã. H-S‑p-¡‑w I‑r-j‑n-¸-W‑n a‑p-X C-h‑n-sS F-´‑p N-e-\‑w \-S-¡-Wsa-¦‑n-e‑p‑w A-hÀ I‑q-S‑n-tb X‑o-c‑q F-¶ \‑n-e h-¶‑p. A-X‑n-c‑m-h‑n-se tP‑m-e‑n tX-S‑n S‑u-W‑p-I-f‑n \‑n-d-ª‑v \‑nÂ-¡‑p-¶ A\‑y-`‑m-j-¡‑m-c‑p-sS I‑m-g‑v-¨ I‑u-X‑p-I-h‑p‑w B-i-¦-b‑p‑w ]-I-c‑p-¶-X‑m-W‑v. P‑n-j h-[t¡-k‑v {]-X‑n-b‑m-b‑n H-c‑p B-k‑m-a‑p-I‑m-c³ ]‑n-S‑n-¡-s¸-«-tX‑m-sS C-¯-c‑w NÀ-¨-IÄ k-P‑o-h-a‑m-W‑n-t¸‑mÄ. F-{X t¢-i-I-c-a‑m-b tP‑m-e‑n-b‑p‑w sNb‑v-X‑p X‑oÀ-¡‑m-\‑p-Å k-¶-²-X-b‑m-W‑v Ch-c‑p-sS {]-[‑m-\ K‑p-W‑w. tP‑m-e‑n k-a-b‑w a‑p-g‑p-h³ A-X‑n-\‑p X-s¶ D-]-tb‑m-K‑n-¡‑pI-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p‑w. ]-X‑n-h‑p sX‑m-g‑n-e‑m-f‑n-IÄ s]‑m-X‑p-sh X-«‑n-b‑p‑w a‑p-«‑n-b‑p‑w k-a-b‑w X‑oÀ-¯‑v I‑q-e‑n h‑m-§‑p-¶ c‑o-X‑n-b‑n h‑oÀ¸‑p a‑p-«‑n-b-t¸‑m-g‑m-W‑v C-h-c‑p-sS IT‑n-\‑m[‑z‑m-\‑w \-a‑p-¡‑v B-i‑z‑m-k-a‑m-b-X‑v. A-X‑psI‑m-ï‑p X-s¶ A-\‑y-c‑m-{ã-a‑m-b t\-¸‑mf‑n \‑n-¶‑p h-sc sX‑m-g‑n-e‑m-f‑n-I-sf-¯‑n. s]-t{S‑mÄ ]-¼‑p a‑p-X tl‑m-«-e‑p-IÄ h-sc-b‑p‑w C-h-c‑p-sS tk-h-\‑w D-]-tb‑m-K‑n¡‑m-\‑p‑w X‑p-S-§‑n. P‑n-j h-[-¯‑n-\‑p a‑p-¼‑p‑w C-hÀ {]-X‑n-I-f‑m-b sI‑m-e-]‑m-X-I-§-f‑p-ï‑m-b‑n«‑p-ï‑v. ]‑n-S‑n-¨‑p-]-d‑n, _-e‑m-Õ‑w-K‑w, I-f-h‑v t]‑m-e‑p-Å-h-b‑p‑w \‑n-c-h-[‑n d‑n-t¸‑mÀ-«‑v sN¿-s¸-«‑p. B-ß‑mÀ-°-a‑mÀ-°-a‑m-b‑n tP‑me‑n sN-¿‑p-¶ `‑q-c‑n-]-£‑w A-\‑y-`‑m-j‑m sX‑m-g‑n-e‑m-f‑n-I-sf A-]-I‑oÀ-¯‑n-s¸-S‑p¯‑p‑w h‑n-[‑w h³ {I‑n-a‑n-\-e‑p-IÄ A-hÀ¡‑n-S-b‑n-e‑p-sï-¶-X‑m-W‑v `‑o-X‑n-]-c-¯‑p¶-X‑v. ssh-ä‑v-tI‑m-fÀ tP‑m-e‑n tX-S‑n \‑m‑w tI-c-f-¡‑mÀ D‑u-c‑p-N‑p-ä‑p-I-b‑p‑w X-t±-i‑o-b

]‑p-c‑p-j³-a‑m-sc-¡‑mÄ A-hÀ I‑q-S‑p-X-e‑mh‑p-I-b‑p‑w sN-¿‑p-¶ k‑m-l-N-c‑y‑w F-Ã‑m AÀ-°-¯‑n-e‑p‑w `‑o-j-W‑n X-s¶-b‑m-W‑v. A-hÀ H-¶‑n-s¨‑m-c‑p I-e‑m-]-¯‑n-s\‑m-c‑p§‑n-b‑m H-¶‑m‑w L-«-¯‑n F-´‑m-b‑me‑p‑w e-£‑y‑w t\-S‑m-\-hÀ-¡‑v k‑m-[‑n-¡‑p-I X-s¶ sN-¿‑p‑w. B-tc‑m-K‑y-þ[‑mÀ-a‑n-I ta-J-e-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w h³ `‑o-j-W‑n-b‑m-I‑p-¶ k‑m-l-N-c‑y-h‑p‑w ChÀ h-g‑n D-ï‑m-I‑p-¶‑p-ï‑v. a-e-¼-\‑n t]‑me‑p-Å a‑m-c-I tc‑m-K-§Ä k‑p-e-`-a‑m-b‑n C-d-¡‑p-a-X‑n sN-¿‑m³, A-{X-sb‑m-¶‑p‑w B-tc‑m-K‑y t_‑m-[-h‑p‑w h‑n-Z‑y‑m-`‑y‑m-k-h‑p-a‑nÃ‑m-¯ C‑u sX‑m-g‑n-e‑m-f‑n-IÄ I‑m-c-W-¡‑mc‑m-I‑p-¶‑p. a-b-¡‑p-a-c‑p-¶‑p‑w tI-c-f-¯‑n \‑n-tc‑m-[‑n-¡-s¸-« ]‑p-I-b‑n-e DÂ-]-¶-§f‑p‑w C-h‑n-sS F-¯‑p-¶-X‑p‑w H-c‑p ]-c‑n-[‑n h-sc C-hÀ h-g‑n X-s¶-b‑m-W‑v. B-tc‑m-K‑yþ-t]‑m-e‑o-k‑v h-I‑p-¸‑p-IÄ D-WÀ-¶‑p-{]-hÀ¯‑n-s¨-¦‑n-te C‑u Ø‑n-X‑n-¡‑v a‑m-ä‑w I‑mW‑m-\‑m-h‑p-I-b‑p-Å‑q. i-à-a‑m-b ]‑-c‑n-ti‑m[-\-b‑p‑w X‑m-a-k Ø-e-§-f‑n-e‑p‑w a-ä‑p‑w B-tc‑m-K‑y-{]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f‑p‑w \-S-¡-W‑w. KÄ-^‑v-\‑m-S‑p-I-f‑n-e‑p‑w e-£-Z‑z‑o-]‑n-e‑psa‑m-s¡-b‑p-Å-X‑p t]‑m-se tP‑m-e‑n-s¡¯‑p-¶-hÀ-¡‑v {]-tZ-i-h‑m-k‑n-b‑p-sS t]-c‑nse-S‑p-¡‑p-¶ A-\‑p-a-X‑n-]-{X‑w \‑nÀ-_-Ôa‑m-¡p¶Xv \Ã-XmWv. A-§-s\ C-h‑nsS-sb-¯‑p-¶-hÀ-¡‑v d‑q‑w e-`‑n-¡‑p-¶-X‑v t]‑m-e‑o-k‑n \‑n-¶‑v s]À-a‑n-ä‑v e-`‑n-¨-X‑n-\‑p ti-j-a‑m-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w th-W‑w. {]‑m-tb‑m-K‑nI-a‑m-b‑n ]-c‑n-a‑n-X‑n-I-f‑p-sï-¦‑n-e‑p‑w C-Ñ‑mi-à‑n I‑m-W‑n-t¡-ï h‑n-j-b-a‑m-W‑n-X‑v. H-¸‑w \‑m‑w B-V‑y-X‑z‑w a‑m-ä‑n-sh-¨‑v A-[‑z‑m\‑n-¡‑m-\‑p-Å X‑o-c‑p-a‑m-\-sa-S‑p-¡‑p-I-b‑p‑w th-W‑w. C-\‑n-b‑p‑w H-c‑p P‑n-j \-s½ \‑mW‑w sI-S‑p-¯‑m-X‑n-c‑n-¡-s«.

Printed, Published and owned by AP Aboobacker Musliyar and Printed at Al Kamal Offset Press, East Nadakkavu, Kozhikode-673006, Kerala, and Published from Samastha Islamic Centre, Eranhipalam PostKozhikode, Kerala-673006, Editor: Ponmala Abdul Khadir Musliyar