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Question 1 of 30 1.0 Points According to the Solomon / Corbit Model, which of the following statements regarding the subjective emotional A state is true?
A. The subjective emotional A state is observed following the offset of the US.
B. The subjective emotional A state is a contrast aftereffect.
C. The subjective emotional A state is observed following the onset of the US.
D. If the subjective emotional A state is euphoria, then the subjective emotional B state is euphoria.
E. none of the above
Answer Key: C
Question 2 of 30 1.0 Points According to the Solomon / Corbit Model, the subjective emotional states (A and B) are derived from the algebraic summation of two underlying opponent physiological processes. So, why does the workout warrior experience betweentrials habituation of pain?
A. Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1.
B. Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1.
C. Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
D. Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
E. none of the above
Answer Key: C Question 3 of 30 1.0 Points Recovery of a response produced by a period of rest after habituation or extinction.
A. relapse
B. reacquisition
C. spontaneous recovery
D. higherorder conditioning
E. none of the above
Answer Key: C Question 4 of 30 1.0 Points A philosophy according to which all ideas in the mind arise from experience.
A. rationalism
B. empiricism
C. hedonism
D. nativism
E. none of the above
Answer Key: B Question 5 of 30 1.0 Points Drug tolerance is:
A. Reduction in the effectiveness of a drug as a result of repeated use of the drug.
B. Increase in the effectiveness of a drug with repeated exposures.
C. Sensitization to the drug’s effects.
D. Loss of the drug induces withdrawal agony.
E. none of the above
Answer Key: A Question 6 of 30 1.0 Points A neural mechanism activated by repetitions of a stimulus that reduces the magnitude of responses elicited by that stimulus.
A. sensory adaptation
B. sensitization process
C. spontaneous recovery
D. habituation process
E. none of the above
Answer Key: D Question 7 of 30 1.0 Points Which of the following statements describes betweentrials habituation of the subjective emotional A state elicited by the onset of the US?
A. Subjective emotional A state on trial 100 is less than subjective emotional A state on trial 1.
B. Subjective emotional B state on trial 100 is less than subjective emotional B state on trial 1.
C. Subjective emotional A state on trial 100 is greater than subjective emotional A state on trial 1.
D. Subjective emotional B state on trial 1 is less than subjective emotional B state on trial 100.
E. none of the above
Answer Key: A Question 8 of 30 1.0 Points Which of the following is not an effect predicted by the Solomon / Corbit Model?
A. withintrial habituation
B. betweentrials habituation
C. contrast aftereffect
D. sensitization of contrast aftereffect.
E. none of the above
Answer Key: E Question 9 of 30 1.0 Points An enduring change in the mechanisms of behavior involving specific stimuli and/or response responses that results from prior experience with similar stimuli and responses.
A. reflex
B. maturation
C. learning
D. fatigue
E. none of the above
Answer Key: C Question 10 of 30 1.0 Points A temporary reduction in the sensitivity of sense organs caused by repeated or excessive stimulation.
A. sensitization
B. betweentrials habituation
C. withintrial habituation
D. sensory adaptation
E. none of the above
Answer Key: D Question 11 of 30 1.0 Points A neuron in the spinal cord that transmits impulses from sensory neurons to motor neurons.
A. interneuron
B. afferent neuron
C. nervism
D. efferent neuron
E. none of the above
Answer Key: A Question 12 of 30 1.0 Points A neuron that transmits messages from sense organs to the central nervous system.
A. interneuron
B. afferent neuron
C. motor neuron
D. efferent neuron
E. none of the above
Answer Key: B Question 13 of 30 1.0 Points Neural structures consisting of the sensory neuron, interneuron, and motor neuron, that enable a stimulus to elicit a reflex response.
A. reflex arc
B. habituation process
C. sensitization process
D. nervism
E. none of the above
Answer Key: A Question 14 of 30 1.0 Points The view of behavior according to which actions can be separated into two categories: voluntary behavior controlled by the mind and involuntary behavior controlled by reflex mechanism.
A. empiricism
B. rationalism
C. dualism
D. hedonism
E. none of the above
Answer Key: C Question 15 of 30 1.0 Points A mechanism that enables a specific environmental event to elicit a specific response.
A. reflex
B. learning
C. performance
D. dualism
E. none of the above
Answer Key: A Question 16 of 30 1.0 Points
Simple reflexes are typically mediated by:
A. sensory neuron then interneuron then motor neuron
B. efferent neuron then interneuron then afferent neuron
C. interneuron then sensory neuron then motor neuron
D. interneuron then efferent neuron then afferent neuron
E. none of the above
Answer Key: A
Question 17 of 30 1.0 Points The firsttime heroin user experiences intense euphoria immediately after administering the drug, but the euphoric effect is shortlived and diminishes with the passing of time since the drug was taken. This is an example of:
A. withintrial habituation
B. betweentrials habituation
C. contrast aftereffect
D. sensitization of contrast aftereffect.
E. none of the above
Answer Key: A
Question 18 of 30 1.0 Points According to the Solomon / Corbit Model, the subjective emotional states (A and B) are derived from the algebraic summation of two underlying opponent physiological processes. So, why does the drug abuser experience betweentrials habituation of euphoria?
A. Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1.
B. Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1.
C. Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
D. Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
E. none of the above
Answer Key: C Question 19 of 30 1.0 Points The annoying sound of the mosquito in the room becomes such a distraction that one cannot hear the movie. This is an example of:
A. habituation effect
B. sensitization effect
C. tolerance effect
D. acclimation effect f
E. none of the above
Answer Key: B Question 20 of 30 1.0 Points According to the Solomon / Corbit Model, the subjective emotional B state becomes stronger with repeated removals of the emotionprovoking US. This effect is called:
A. withintrial habituation
B. betweentrials habituation
C. contrast aftereffect
D. sensitization of contrast aftereffect
E. none of the above
Answer Key: D Question 21 of 30 1.0 Points A neuron that transmits impulses to muscles.
A. efferent neuron
B. sensory neuron
C. interneuron
D. afferent neuron
E. none of the above
Answer Key: A Question 22 of 30 1.0 Points A connection or linkage between the representations of two events (two stimuli or a stimulus and a response) so that the occurrence of one of the events activates the representation of the other.
A. dualism
B. primary process
C. state system
D. association
E. none of the above
Answer Key: D Question 23 of 30 1.0 Points According to the Solomon / Corbit Model, the subjective emotional states (A and B) are derived from the algebraic summation of two underlying opponent physiological processes. So, why does the workout warrior experience betweentrials sensitization of the contrast aftereffect of euphoria?
A. Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1.
B. Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1.
C. Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
D. Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
E. none of the above
Answer Key: C Question 24 of 30 1.0 Points The philosophy proposed by Hobbes according to which the actions of organisms are determined entirely by the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain.
A. empiricism
B. rationalism
C. dualism
D. hedonism
E. none of the above
Answer Key: D Question 25 of 30 1.0 Points According to the Solomon / Corbit Model, the subjective emotional states (A and B) are derived from the algebraic summation of two underlying opponent physiological processes. So, why does the drug abuser experience betweentrials sensitization of the contrast aftereffect of withdrawal/hangover/burnout/dysphoria?
A. Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1.
B. Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1.
C. Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
D. Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
E. none of the above
Answer Key: C Question 26 of 30 1.0 Points A neural mechanism that increases the magnitude of responses elicited by a stimulus.
A. sensory adaptation
B. sensitization process
C. spontaneous recovery
D. habituation process
E. none of the above
Answer Key: B Question 27 of 30 1.0 Points According to the SolomonCorbit model, at the level of the underlying physiological processes, the only thing that changes across trials is:
A. the “b” process becomes weaker
B. the “a” process becomes weaker
C. the “a” process becomes stronger
D. the “b” process becomes stronger
E. none of the above
Answer Key: D Question 28 of 30 1.0 Points An increase in the vigor of elicited behavior that may result from repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus or from exposure to a strong extraneous stimulus.
A. sensory adaptation
B. betweentrials habituation
C. withintrial habituation
D. sensitization effect
E. none of the above
Answer Key: D Question 29 of 30 1.0 Points Which of the following statements describes sensitization of the contrast aftereffect subjective emotional B state elicited by the offset of the US?
A. Subjective emotional B state on trial 100 is greater than subjective emotional B state on trial 1.
B. Subjective emotional A state on trial 100 is greater than subjective emotional A state on trial 1.
C. Subjective emotional B state on trial 100 is less than subjective emotional B state on trial 1.
D. Subjective emotional A state on trial 100 is less than subjective emotional A state on trial 1.
E. none of the above
Answer Key: A
Question 30 of 30 1.0 Points A temporary decrease in behavior caused by repeated or excessive use of the muscles involved in the behavior.
A. habituation effect
B. learning
C. fatigue
D. sensitization effect
E. none of the above
Answer Key: C
Question 13 of 30
1.0 Points
A philosophy according to which human beings are born with instimilnate ideas.
A.nervism
B.rationalism
C.none of the other choices
D.empiricism
E.nativism
Regarding the article on marijuana (also called cannabis) that appeared on the Tail of the Raccoon/Facebook page, which of the following statements is inconsistent with the information presented in that article? A.Unsuccessful efforts to reduce or stop using marijuana is a diagnostic criterion for marijuana dependence.
B.Approximately 40% of marijuanausing adolescents receiving outpatient treatment for substance use disorder reported experiencing symptoms of withdrawal.
C.Among adolescents, marijuana is second only to alcohol in rates of misuse.
D.none of the other choices
E.Marijuana is broadly believed to be nonaddictive. Reduction in the effectiveness of a drug as a result of repeated use of the drug.
A.modal action pattern (MAP)
B.hedonism effect
C.betweentrials habituation
D.betweentrials sensitization
E.none of the other choices
Recovery of a response to baseline levels produced by a period of rest after habituation or sensitization. A.spontaneous recovery
B.higherorder conditioning
C.reacquisition
D.none of the other choices
E.relapse
According to the Solomon / Corbit Model, the subjective emotional states (A and B) are derived from the algebraic summation of two underlying opponent physiological processes. So, why does the drug abuser experience betweentrials habituation of euphoria? A.Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1.
B.none of the other choices
C.Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
D.Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1.
E.Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
A response pattern exhibited by most, if not all, members of a species, in much the same way. A basic unit of behavior used in ethological investigations of behavior. A.modal action pattern (MAP)
B.none of the other choices
C.spontaneous recovery
D.sensory adapation
E.SR system
Recovery of a response to baseline levels produced by a period of rest after habituation or sensitization. A.relapse
B.higherorder conditioning
C.reacquisition
D.spontaneous recovery
E.none of the other choices
According to the Solomon / Corbit Model, the subjective emotional states (A and B) are derived from the algebraic summation of two underlying opponent physiological processes. So, why does the workout warrior experience betweentrials sensitization of the contrast aftereffect of euphoria? A.Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
B.Because the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "b" process on trial 1.
C.none of the other choices
D.Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is greater than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1.
E.Because the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 100 is less than the underlying physiological "a" process on trial 1. The philosophical position adopted by Pavlov that all behavioral and physiological processes are regulated by the nervous system.
A.none of the other choices
B.hedonism
C.empiricism
D.nervism
E.rationalism
