NORIE'S NAUTICAL TABLES WITH EXPLA N ATIO N S OF THEIR USE

EDITED BY

CA PTA I N A .G . BLA NCE B.Sc.

IMRAY LA U R IE N OR I E A N D WIL SON LTD SA I NT I VES C A M BRIDGESH I R E ENGLAND SCANNED By MKP - 2005

CONTENTS ]'reface. 7 Explanation a nd use of t he T ables. 9 I. CO MP UTATI ON T A BL ES Trave rse Ta bles. 2 M eridional Pans . '14 Loga rithms. 103 Loga rithms o fTri g. Functions. 11 8 Log. a nd Na tural H avc rsines. 242 al ural Functions of Angles. 34Y Squares of Numbe rs. 364 Cubes of N um be rs, 366 Squa re Roots of Numbers, 36R Cube Roots of Numbe rs. 372 11 . TA BLES FOR USE I N CE L ESTI A L N A V IGATI ON A B & C Azimut h T'lbles. 380 Amplitudes and Correct ions. 429 Ex-Me ridi a n Tables. 432 Cha nge of '-lour A ngle with A ltitude, 449 Chnnge of Altitude in Onc Minute of Time , 451 Di p of Sea Horizon . 453

Monthly Mea n o f the Sun's Semi -dia me te r a nd Para llax in A ltitude . 453 Augmentation of Moon's Semi-diamete r. 453 Reduc tio n o f the Moon's Parallax. 453 Mean Refraction . 454 Additional Refra ctio n Corrections, 454 Correction of Moon 's Meridional Passage, 455 Su n 's To tal Correctio n . 456 SlU r'S T ow l Correctio n. 462 Moon's TOIa l Correction Lowcr Limb . 466 Moon 's Tolal Corrcction U pper Lim b. 479 Ill. T A BL ES FOR US E I N COA STA L NAV I GATION Day's R un - A verage Speed 494

Radar Ran ge . 501 Rada r -Plo th.' r'S Speed and DiSI,lRce. 502 Measured Mile Speed , 503 Dista nce by Ve rtical A ngle. 510 Extreme Range. 5 16 Distance o f the Sea Ho rizon . 51 8 Dip of the Shore Horizon. 5 19 Correction required 10 conve rt a Radio Great Cirde Bea ring to Mercatori al Bearing, 520 I V. CONVE RSI ON AN D I)H YS I CAL TA B LES

Arc into T im e. 522 T ime into A rc, 523 Hours a nd Minutes to a Decimal of a Day, 524 Atmosph e ric Pressure Conve rsion, 525

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vi Te mpe rature Conve rsio n. Degrees El hn:nheit Degrees Celsius - Degree:- Fah re nhe it. 526 S I - British U ni ts, 527 Brit ish Ga ll o ns - Litres - Briti sh G,llIo n5, 52') Brit ish Ga lil)!1s - US Gallons - BritIsh GallllIls. 53() US Gallolls - Li tres - US Ga ll ons . 531 internatiorl

  • Inlc rn;l,io llal Nauti('a l Miles. 532 Intc rnation.. 1 Na utica l Miles - Statute Miles Inte rnational Nautica l Miks. 533 Sta tut e Miks - Kilome t res - Stat ut e Miles. 534 Fa thom s - Met res - Fatho ms, 535

    Decimal Fractions of a Deg ree. 536

    v.

    PORTS OF T HE WORLD A lpha bet ical List. 53!'!

    huide [rolll COl'er Sun's To ta l Correctio n In side /J(I( 'k co!'('/"

    Star's '1'01;1 1 C orrectio n.

    Decimal Fractions or a Degree

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    PREFACE Onc hundred "nd eighty years of publication involving many new edit ions and reprints atlord a sea rching test of the usefulness and value of ,my publicat io n designed (0 meet the exacting re· quirclllcnt s o f navigators and the shipping industry. Since J. W. Norie published the first edition of his COMPLETE SET OF NAUTI CAL TABLES AND EPITOME OF PRA CTICA L NA VIGA Tl ON in 1803. the tabl es have und ergone a continuing process of change to maintain their usefulness to the mode rn practical Ililvigator. During Ihese years ma ny c hanges 10 the tables have been necessary in both CO ril Cl1I a nd presclll'llio n to confo rm with changing techniques of naviga lion. bUI the ai m of the ed ito rs has always bee n to have user fri e ndly naviglllionai t;lbles which could be used quic kly a nd casily under shipboa rd condi tions. This has resulted in many changes 10 the tables aimed at re moving much of the tedium of interpol atio n. so e nabling the nav igator to obtain the answers to navigational prob le ms quickly with the minimum of probab il ity of crror. Ce rtain tables and data a rc also incl uded which arc not readil y avai lable on board ship or arc on ly used in the examinatioll room, but th e physica l dimension s o f the book impose stri ct limit s on what can be included with the result that it is impossible to include all the tables the editor would wish. [n the prese nt edition, the Star's Total Correction Tab[e inside the back cover. the Moon's Total Correction Table and the exte nded Sla r's To la[ Correction Table have been redesigned to reduce ime rpolation to a minimum . The ed ito r wishes to tha nk all those who have suggested improveme nts to the tables. and will we lcome a ny furthe r helpful c riticism which users of the T a bles may care to makc .

    A. G. BLANCE London [99 1

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    EXPLANA nON AND USE OF THE TABLES

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    I. COMPUTATION TABLES TRAVERSE TABLE ( Pages 2 - 93)

    These Tables afford an easy and expeditious means of solving a ll problems that resolve themselves inlo the sohllion of righ t-angled p la ne tria ngles. They can thus be a pplied to all the forms of Saili ngs cltcept G reat Circle Sa iling; but they a re specially useful in resolving a Traverse. On this account they are called Traverse T abks, and the terms Course, Distance, Djffe rence of Latitude and Departure are used as names of the different parts involved. The Traverse Table has now been brough t into line with the requirements of the modern com pass notation by the inclusion. at the top a nd foot of each page, of the number of degrees of the new (0- 360) circular system of reckonin g. correspondi ng to the value printed at centre of title in conformity with the older quadrantal notation. the latter form being retained for its application to the so lut ion of certain problems in the Sailings and for its utility in the co nversi on of Departure to Difference of Long itude and vice versa, as explained later in thi s article. The figure s denoting th e number of degrees under the new arrangement are placed in the appropriate quadrants of a small diagrammatic symbol, represe nting the cardina l points of the compass, a nd in these posi tions they introduce the equivalents in the new notation corresponding to the number of degrees of the old system, show n at centre o f titles, when pertain ing to the respect ive quad rants. T he arrangement will be better understood by reference 10 an example ; thus, on page 58 - '28 D EG REES' For old Read new

    115r

    2080

    I

    or vice versa, and . as examples of the reverse process, o n page 38, but this time from the foot with ca pti on '72 DEGR EES'~r Fo r new _ 1 _ 28 80 1 1 Read old

    I

    N7rE

    I logo S7rE

    25r I S7rw

    I

    N7rw

    It will be obse rved that , in the new notation of the Traverse Table, the three-figure degrees correspond ing to Easterly courses are placed in the symbol diagram towa rds the right-ha nd side of the pa ge, in contrad isti nction to those for Westerly equivalents wh ich are printed on the left . The courses, in both the old and new notation, are di splayed at the top and bottom of the pages, whi le the Di stances are arranged in order in the columns marked Dist. The Difference of Lati tude and DeplITwre co rresponding to any given Run on any given Course will be found in the column s ma rked D. Lat. and Dep ., respecti vely, of the page for the gi ve n Course and opposite the given Distance. But it must most carefully be observed tha t when the required Course is fo und a t the lOp of t he page, the Difference of Latitude and Depa rture also are to be taken from the columns as named at the lOp o f the page; and when the Course appears at the foot of the page, the relevant quantities too must be taken from the columns as named at the foot of the page. When a ny of the given qua ntit ies (except the Cou rse which is never to be changed) exceeds the li mits of the ta bles, any aliquot pa rt, as a half or a third, is to be taken , and the qua ntities found are to be doubled or t re bled ; tha t is, they a re to be multiplied by the same figure as the given quant ity was di vided by. And since the Difference of Latitude and Departure correspo nding to any given Co urse and Dista nce are to be found oppos ite the Di stance on that page which contains the Course. it follow s tha t if any two of the four part s be given , and these two be found in their proper places in the tables, {he othe r two will be found in thei r respective places o n the same page. The fo llowing examples will ill ustrate the appl ication of the tables 10 Plane Sa iling :-

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    EX PLANA T IO N OF TH E TAIJLES

    11

    1 Example' : Find t he difference of latitude and deparlure made good by a ship in sailing 84 miles on

    a course 112°. (S68°E., O ld Style). ~ Co urse I 1r is found in the Tab le at foo t O f~ Oppos ite 84 in the Distance column on that page we gel:- O. Lat. 3 1' 5, Dep. 77·9. The D. Lat. is named S and Departure E, bec;:!use it is noted that I lr is shown in the South and East quadrant of t he compass sy mbol. ~ Example : Find the course and distance made good by a ship whose difference of lati tude was found to be 431 mi les S, and deoartur~ 132' W. 431 and 132 are not to be found alongside each other, but in the Table on age 37 e find 43 1·3 and 13 1'9, and these arc sulTicient ly near to the desired value for all practical pur These give 197°, or 17° old styl e, as a course, and 451 as a dista nce. HcnceCou rse 517° W, or 197°, a nd Distance 451 miles. These tables may also, as has already been stated, be appli~d to solving problems in Parallel and Midd le Latitude 5a ilings. In solving these problems the Cou rse (old nOlal ion) a llhe top o r bottom of page beco mes the l atitude or Midd le l atitude, the Distance col umn becomes a Diff. l ongi lUde column , and the O. Lat. column becomes a Oep . column. To faci litate the taking out of these qua ntities the D. Long. and Ocp. arc brac ketcd together. and the words D. Long ., and Dep. are also printed in italics at the top o f their respective columns when the Latitude or Midd le Lat itude, as course, is at the fop; but at the bottom of their respect ive columns when Latit ude or Midd le Latitude, as cou rse is at the b0110m .

    .7 Example: In Latitude o r Middle Lat itude 47" the depa rt ure made good was 260' ,5; requi red Ihe diffe re nce of Lo ngitude. With 47° as course at the bo t/ om of the page, look in the co lumn with Dep . printed in italics at the bot/om , ju st over the end of the bracket; and opposite to 260'- '-5-wiILl2:t found 382 in the D. Long. column, wh ich is the Difference of Longi tude requ ired . ? o3L '6~) 1/ Example: A ship. after sa iling Ea st 260', 5, had parallel of Latitude on which s he sailed .

    chan~hCT"Longitude

    6° 22',

    R~qui red

    the

    6° 22' eq uals 382' . Opposite 382 in D. Long_ column is 260'· 5 in Dep, colu mn ente red from the b,,,,om, aod th, pamlle] 00 wh;ch ,he sa;],d;s LaL 4 T' ~

    MERIDIONAL PARTS (For the Spheroid) ( P~ges

    94 . t02)

    Th is table is used in resolving pr ob ! ~ms by Mercators Sailing and in construct ing charts on Merca tor's projection . T he merid ional parts are to be taken out fo r the d ~g r~~s answering to the given latitude at the fOp o r bottom, and for Ihe m i n u t ~s a t either side column . Thus, the meridional parts corresponding 10 the lat itude 49° 57' are 345]-88.

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    12

    EXPLANA TION OF TH E TABLES

    LOGARITHMS ( Pl>ges 103 - 117)

    This ta ble gives correct to fi ve signifi ca nt fi gures the ma ntissae (or frac tio nal parts) of the commo n logarit hms of numbers. The operator must decide for himseJfthe integral or whole number part of the loga rithm (called the characteri stic) acco rding to the positio n of the decimal point in th e natural numbe r.

    The rules for determining the characteristic can be demo nstrated by the following: 10 {)()() I {)()() 100 10 I 0 -1 0-01 0·001 0·000 1

    -

    4

    10g.1O 10 {)()()

    10' 10' 10' 10 ' 10'

    10g.1O log'l/)

    10- -

    10g'10

    log'HI 10g'10

    \O - ~

    \og·)O

    10- 1

    10g'10

    IO - ~

    10g. 10

    I ()()() 100 10 I 0-1 0-01 0-001

    -

    3 2 I 0 -I

    - 2 - 3 - 4

    o-{)()() I

    T he above, which may be extended infinitely in both directions, shows that the log. of, say. 342 must li e betwee n 2 and 3. Similarly, the log. of 29·64 must be between I and 2. From the table it will be fou nd that log. 34~ = ,53403 a nd Jog. 29·64 = 1·47 188. These statem ents could be expressed liS follows:rs10':t (?3 1~ PAGE 106 IOU :J.I(13 = 342 I ()1.m M = 29·64

    For numbers greater than I the rule fo r findin g the characteri stic is- T he c haracteristic is the nu mber which is I less than the number of figures before the decimal point. If there are five figure~ before the decimal point the c haracteristic is 4; if there is o nc figure before the decimal point the characteristic is 0, and so on. Thu s:-

    3-73062 2- 73062

    log. 5378 log. 537·8 log. 53·78 log. 5·378

    -~

    1·73062

    PAGE 110

    0-73062

    For numbers less Ihan I the ru le for fi nding t he cha racteristic i5- The negati ve characteristic of the log. o f a number less tha n I is the number wh ich is I mo re than the number of no ughts betwee n the decim a l point and the first si gnificant fi gure. Thus:log. log. log. log.

    0·5378 0 ·05378 0{l05378 O{)005378

    1-73062

    -

    ~

    2· 73062 3·73062 4· 73062

    Tabular logarithms To a void the nega tive characteristics, logari th ms in tabu lar form are o bta ined by adding 10 to the characteri st ic. Example : log 0·53 78 = 1· 73062 o r in tabu lar form 9·73062 rc)g 0·005378 = )·73062 o r in tabular fo rm 7·73062 In the ta bles of logarithms of trigonometrical function s the ch aracteristi c is given in both form s at the top of eac h co lumn of logarithm s.

    Example : log. sin . 5° 30' = '2"98 157 or 8·98 157 / log. cot. 5° 30' = 1·0 1642 or 11·01642

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    I:-.XPLAI\.ATION 0 1- TH E r ABL ES

    13

    1111 er po! (J/ iOIl

    When the num ber whose logari th m is req u ired consists of ro ur si gni ficam figu res o r less the mant issa is ta ken rrom the ma in pa rt of the table. W here there a re fi ve sig nifican t fi gures the diffe rence ror the fifth figure is o bta ined from the relevan t sectio n o f the D col um n. E.ramp l t" : log . 140·27 = 2·!4675 f 21 =

    (i'0-5e..

    2·1 4696

    -10'; )

    Ir the num ber co nsists or more tha n six sign ifica n t fi gures the app roxima te logarithm ca n be round by sim ple proportion. Example: log. 140·277

    =

    2·1 4675 (rrom ma in table ) + 21 (rrom D col umn) + 2 (by simp le propo rti on) 2· 1469S

    Ta find ,lte nllmht'r, N, IrllOse log. is k ,lOlI"l/ . Ir the number is requ ired to four significant figures o r less al l that is necessary is to fi nd the series o f d igi ts correspo nding to the tab u lated ma m issa wh ich is lIt"an's! to Ihe one given. T he characteristic of the log. will determ ine the pos ition o f the dec imal po int. Th us:-

    G;,," log. N ~ 1·87109.

    (

    11?\

    Nea rest tabulated mantissa 87 111 gives digi ts 7432. P.3 :» T he charac tcriSlic being I , there a re two Hgures berore the decimal poin t. Th e requ ired number, N, is the refo re 74 ·32.

    PAGE 113

    The fo llo wing examples will serve to illu strate the procedure whe n m o re than rour sign ifi ca nt figu res a re req uired . Suppose the number, N. co rrect to five significan t figures is requi red whe n log. N is known to be 2 ·27 104.

    Example : log. N = 2 ·27 104 T he nex t less tabu la ted m a nl issa ·27091 gives the d igit s 1866. ( D~<: e But ,27 104 - ·2709 1 = 13 I ..J :. Entering the 18Q-..189 section of the D column the fift h fi gure is 6 ror a D va lue of 12 a nd bv sim ple pro portion the sixth fi gure is the refore 5. tlle di gi ts o f Ihe n umber are I S6665 The cha rac ter ist ic of the l og~~ r it hm is 2. :. the n umbe r N is 186·665

    10 y)

    LOGS . of TR IG . FUNCTIONS (P.. gesI1 8 · 241 )

    Whilst preserving t he basic layo u t which has been a rc;~ ture o f ' No rh's', and ' Node's' alo ne, since J. W. Node produced the o r iglllal ed ition, c hanges have been introd uced which ma ke th e table a muc h more effic ien t instrument in conform ing with the mo dern tech n ique o r as tro no mica l na viga tio n. For a ll a nglcs rrorn 0" to 9{)" the ta b le is now comp!etely downward read ing a nd for tha t reaso n alone should be p ractica ll }' blunder-p roof. In the ma in pari of the table fro m 4 0 to 86° the log. ru nct ions of angles are tabulated ro r o nc minute interva ls of the angles a nd p ro portional parts ror frac tio ns o f o ne minute (from 0 ' ·[ to 0 ' ·9) a re given. In the rema inder of the ta ble, where that system ceases to be pr;lcticable, log . functio ns are tab ula ted fo r in te rva ls o r 0'· 1 o r 0' ·2 as necessa ry a nd d ifferences betwee n success ive tab lLlation s lITe given. This means tha t, except in special and ra re cases, in terpolatio n is reduced when tak ing o ut a ny log. funct io n oran an gle and there is no need to resort 10 the questiona ble p ractice o r ro und ing o ff a ngles to the nearest m inute in o rde r to 'save tro uble'. With this t:able it is no mo re o f a n effort to work acc ura tely than it is to work roug hly. H ow fa r a navigator is justilied in working to tenths o r a m inu te is a m;.tler wh ich C;1Il be argued abo ut indefinilcly.

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    EXPLANATION OF THE TABLES

    14

    but since the Nau tica l Almanac g ives hour a ng les a nd decli nat io ns 10 tenths ora min ute and a modern sex ta nt with a decima l vernier ena bles rea dings to be la ken 10 tenths of a min ute as well, it would seem o nl y logical to use navigat io n tables whic h. with the minimum of effort. provide fo r the sa me

    o rder of precision. The ch aracterist ic o f the lo ga rithm is g iven at the top of eac h fun ction's column in ind icial fo rm with the tabular form in brackets.

    Example : log. sin. 5° 09 ' = 2. 953 10 or 8·953 10 T hus the na viga tor can use whichever fo rm of cha racteristic is p referred though it must be a pprec iated tha t t he two fo rms cannot be interchanged withi n a calcu la tion. Occa sio nally, it may be necessa ry to find the logs. o f trigonomet rica l fun ct ions of a ng le~ grea ter tha n 90°. No difficulty ~hou l d be ex perienced in such ca se~ as the ~eco nd . third a nd fo urt h quad ran t equi valents o f the fir~t quadra nt a n gle~ afe pla inly indicated . It ~hou l d be noted . however. that the ta ble is upward read ing fo r a ngles between 90° a nd 180 0 a nd a lso fo r those between 270° a nd 360°. but dolt'nn·ard readi ng fo r a ngles between 180° and 270°. In all cases, however. the name o f the rat io bei ng used appears at the top o f the page. When applying proport ional parts care should be ta ke n to notice in whic h d irecti o n the log . fun cti on is inc reas ing, i.e. upwards or downwa rd s.

    Examples:

    PAGE 127 } - Iog_ , ;0 ( f:) 12'

    10 ( ~ 12.3, -log- ta o_ 177" PAGE ~ 129 log. cosec. 26" log. sec. 333 0 log. cos. 138" 62° log. sin . 11 7° log. cot. 8]0 log. cos.

    38'·7 = 2 ·(45 754 ..l.. ¥ ) = 2'(55240 _ 7~O) 57'·5 04' ·4 ~ 0-(35712 - 10) 25'-3 ~ 0-(04852 - 2) 17'·6 1'(87300 + 7) 19'·8 1·(94720 + 5) 53'·0 15'·3 1-(070 18 - 32) ~

    -

    ~

    ~

    ~

    ~

    -

    ~

    2· 45798 0' 8-45798 2-55205 0' 8·55205 0-35702 0< 10·35702 0-04850 0< 10·04850 1.87307 0 ' 9·87307 1.94725 0< 9·94725 1·72354 0< 9·72354 1.06986 0< 9{16986

    To find the a ngle whose log. functi o n is g iven is equally si mple. For instance, to fin d 8 when log. sin . 0 = 1-66305 or 9·66305, no tice that the next less tabulated log. sin . is 1-66295 or 9·66295 which g ives the a ngle 27" 24'·0. T he excess 10 g ives a n additi o nal 0' ·4. Hence. 8 = 27° 24' ·4. In practice, the above processes will , o f course, be perfo rmed mentally.

    HAVERSINES (P~ge3

    242 . 348)

    To make the tables clearer and 10 make interpolat ion almost com pletely unnecessary the tables are presented as fo llows:1. The Log. Have rsines are printed in bold type a nd the Natura l Haversi nes in light type. 2. In the ra nge 0° to 90° and 270 ° la 360° (the ra nge most frequently used) haversines are tabula ted a t 0·2' interva ls a nd t he proportiona l parts fo r 0 -1' a re given a t the foot o f each page. 3. I n the remainder o r the table haversines are tabulated a t 1·0' inte rvals a nd the pro portio na l pa rts fo r 0·2' a re given a t the top of each column_ 4. The ch aracteristic or the logarithms is g iven a t the to p of each colum n in the negat ive index fo rm together with the tabular form in brackets.

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    EXPLAN A T ION O F TH E T ABL ES

    ANG LE

    15'33'-0 W 33'-6 IS" 33', 7 344° 10'·0 3440 10' ·4 344 10',5 95° 25',0 0

    95 25'-6 0

    263" 37',0 263 37',8 0

    I'

    LOG . HAVERSINE

    NAT . HAV.

    2·26249 o r 2-26304 or "2' 26313 or "2'27807 or 2'2777 1 or 2·27762 or 1 ,738 15 or 1·73822 or 1 ·74475 or 1·74466 o r

    0-01830 0-01832

    8·26249 8·26304 8· 26313 8·27807 8·2777 1 8·27762 9·73815 9·73822 9·74475 9·74466

    0·0 1832

    0-01897 0-01895 0-01895 _ 0·54720

    0-54729 0·55559 0 ·55547

    D 2.S8 1/ 11

    PAGE 258 1/ 1/

    11

    P3

    B(I I'

    PAGE " 334 ff

    DeriM(iOfl of Haversine Formulae:

    cos. a - cos. b cos. c , (fundamental fo rmula). Cos. A = - - _ b ' Slfl .

    .. I - cos. A = I i.e. vers A

    =

    510. C

    cos. a - cos. b cos. c 'b 510 . SIfl . c sin. b. sin. c - cos. a + cos. b cos. c . b SIR - .C , Sill .

    :. cos. (b ....... c) - cos. a = sin. b sin. c verso A, or - cos. a = - - cos. (b ...... c) + sin. b sin. c verso A. By add ing uni ty to each side this becomes1 - cos. a = : . verso a = whence hav. a =

    + s.in. b sin . c verso A, verso (b ....... c) -I- sin. b sin . c verso A. hay . (b ...... c) + sin . b sin. c hav. A ........ (1 )

    - cos. (b ...... c)

    By tra nsposi ng we obtainhaY. A = {hay. a - hav. (b -- c)) cosec. b costt. C • and hay. (b __ c) = hav . a - hay. A si n. b sin . c. ..... . ....

    .. •• •• (2)

    . ... (3)

    These three versions o r the spherical haversine rormula are rrequ ently adapted for navigat ional purposes as fo llows.

    = hav. (I ';t d)'" -I- hay . h cos . I cos. d . (2) Hav. h = [hav. z - hav. (I .t cl ;"'] sec. I sec. d. (3) Hav. mer. zen. dist. = haY. z - hay. h cos. I cos. d.

    (I) Hav . z

    : ::

    zenith distance, latitude, d = declination, b ~ ho ur angle.

    {

    where

    • (I ...... d) when I and d have t he same name, (1 + d) when I and d have different names.

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    EXPLA NATION OF THE TABLES

    16

    Examples (I ) Find zenith distance when h = 66 49"3 , 1 Q

    = 3 1°

    Hav.7. = hay. h cos. I cos . d

    h d

    66° 49' -) 3 1° 10" 2 )9" 24', 7

    = 19" 24'·7 N.

    + haY. (I

    t d) .

    L hay. ]·48 173 o r 9·48 173 L. cos. \·93228 o r 9·93228 L. cos. ],97458 o r 9·97458 L. haY. 1·38859 or 9·38859

    z

    10',2 N., d

    11 ° 45"5

    N . hay. 0·24468 N . hay. 0·01049

    60° 40'-9

    N. hay. 0·25517

    Ca lc ulated u nith distance = 60" 40'·9 and is used for compa ring with the true zenith distance to find the intercept when establishing the position line by the Marc St. HiJa ire or Intercept method. (2) Find the hour angle when I = 41 ? 21'·6 N., d = 9" 34'·\ S. , z = 63° 45'-8. Hav. h = {hay. z - hay. (I ! d)] sec. I sec. d.

    z

    (I

    + d)

    63" 45' ·8 50" 55'-7

    N. hay. 0-27896 N. hay. 0,18485

    1 d

    L. hay. 2·97364 or 8·97364 L. sec. 0·12461 or 10' 12461 L. sec. 0·00608 o r JO.OO608

    h

    L. hay. 1·10433 o r 9'10433

    N. haY, 0·09411

    Hou r angle = 41 " 46"9 if body is w. of the meridian, or hour angle = 3 18" 13 '· \ if body is E. of the meridian, and is used for finding the computed longitude when establi shing the position line by the "chro nometer method". (3) Find the me r. zen. disl. when h = 355" 57"2, I = 48" 12' ·5 N., d

    = 12" 1)'·7 S., z = 60" 2 1' ·6.

    Hav. mer. zen. disc = hay. z - ha y. h cos. 1 cos. d. h

    I d

    355" 57' ,2 48" \2'·5 12" 13"7

    L. hav. H)957 1 or 7·0957 1 L. cos. \ ·82375 o r 9·82375 L. cos. \·99003 o r 9·99003 L. hav. 4·90949 o r 6·90949

    z mer. zen. dist. .. 60" 15' ,2 ..... .. , . • . ..• .. ..

    N. hay. (HJOO8 1 N . hay. 0·25273 N. hay. 0·25192

    The mer. zen. disc , 60" 15" 2, when combined with the decli na tion gives the latitude of the point whe re the posit ion line (at right angles to the di re<:tion o f the body) cuts the meridian of D. R . longitude used to compute h. T his metho d of wo rk ing an ex· merid ian sight is. of course, an alternative to usi ng ex-me rid ian tables.

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    EXPLA NATION OF THE TAB L ES

    17

    The ha w'rsine for mulae and grelll circle sailing calculations

    Form ula ( I) is used to find the g reat circle dista nce rrom o ne point to another and ro r mula (2) is used to find the initial a nd final courses. The vertex o r the track and the lat itude or the point where the track cuts a ny specifi ed meridia n can t hen be ro und by right angled spherical trigono metry. Example : Fi nd the great ci rcle dista nce a nd the initial course o n the track fro m A 25° 2S' W.) to B (40° OS' N., 73° 17' W.) .

    pr

    22 ' N .,

    To find fht' great circle distance

    Hay. AB = hay. ( PA "- PO) + P 4r 49'·0 L. hav. PA 72° 38',0 L. si n. 49" 52" 0 L. sin . PB

    (PA - PB) AB

    hay. P sin. PA sin. PB. 1·21 550 or 9·2 15 50 1·9 7974 o r 9·97974 ' -88340 o r 9·88340

    L haY . ,·07864 o r 9·07864 . .. ...... . . .........

    2r 46',0

    ........

    46° 58' ,2

    . ..........

    N. hay. 0' 11985 N. haY . 0·03896 N . ha v. O· 15881

    :. G reat circle d ista nce = 18 18·2 m iles.

    ----

    To find (he initial cOl/rse

    HaY. A = (hay. PB - haY. ( PA......, A B)J co~. PA cOse<:. A B. PO 49" 52',0 N. hay. 0· 17772 N. hay. 0·04932 ( PA "- A B) .. 25° 39' ·8

    PA AB

    72° 38 ',0 46' 58 ',2

    A

    50 48' ,5

    N. hay. 0· 12840 ....... .. . .....

    L hav_ L cOse<: . L cosec . L. hav .

    0

    1·10856 o r 9- 10&56 0·02026 o r 10·02026 0-13609 or 10-13609 1·26491 o r 9·26491

    - - Initia l course = N . 50° 48', 5 W. o r 3090 11',5.

    NATURAL FUNCTIONS OF ANGLES (P~

    34!J.36J)

    In these tables. whic h are inte nded fo r use w ith s imple pocke t calcula tors . the na tural trigono met ric functi o ns ca n be o bta ined to fiv e dec ima l places. Exam ples : I. To find ta n . 490 38': 1·17500 (tan. 49" 36 ') + 0 ·001 38 (2 ' from d iffere nce table against 49") tan . 49° 38 ' == j ·1 7638

    l'0 j&( 354- ) PAGE 354 SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    EX PLANATION OF T H E TABLES

    "

    2. To fi nd cos. soe27': Cq," ; S2. ) PAGE J O· 16677 (cos. SO" 24 ') -0-00086 (3 ' from diffe re nce table agai nst BO". s ubtracted)

    ( P

    352

    cos. 80"27' = 0 ' 16591 3. To find sec. 76° 44' : 4·34689 (sec. 76° 42 ' ) + 0·01078 (lhlsec . 76° 42' -sec . 76<> 48' 1; diffe rence must be obtai ned by this method because the mean Sec. 76" 44 ' = 4·35767 diffe re nces a re not s uffic ie ntly accurate) 4 . To conve rt 31 " 46' to radians; 3 1° = 0 ·54105 radian s 46' = 0 ·01338 ra dians

    I'(OO~(L ..J

    3 1" 46' =0·5544 3 radian s

    PAGE 363

    5 . To convert 1·648 radians to degrees: 1 radia n = 51" 17· 7' 0·648 radia ns = 37" 07· 7'

    1·648 radians = 94° 25 -4 '

    PAGE 362

    SQUARES AND CUBES OF NUMBERS ( PiJges 364 ·367)

    T hese tables wi ll give squa res and cubes of numbers to fou r significant figures.

    To obtain rhe squun or cube of a numb..,.' (a) If the number is betwee n I a nd [0 and cons ists of three sig nifica nt figures (o r less) the sq uare o r cube is taken from the ma in pa rt of the ta bles, but if there a re fo ur significa nt flgu res the Mea n Difference section is a lso used.

    Example: 2.824 2 7·63 J3

    =

    7·9 52 (fro m main ta ble) 1- 23 (from Mean Di fference) 7·975 58· 22 (from ma in table) - 2 (from Mean Difference) 58·24

    (b) All other numbers are converted into scien tific notat ion a nd the square or cube ob tained for the significant fi gures as before.

    Example:

    x

    46J ·8t

    (4·638

    0 ·000 0725 J3

    x I(}> or 215 100 (7'251 x 1O - ~ )~ = 381 ·3

    1O:)t = 2 1·51

    x

    I(P

    2' 15 1

    3·813 X 10-

    13

    X 10- 1 ; o r 0·000 000 000 000 38 13

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    EXPLANA TION OF TH E T ABLES

    19

    SQUARE A N D CUBE ROOTS OF NUMBERS (P~gfU

    368 . 377)

    These tables, which give the square and cube rools o f numbers to four significa nt figures, a re in the following fo rm : (a) Square roots of numbers between I and 10 and between 10 and 100. (b) Cube roots of numbers between I and 10. between 10 a nd 100 a nd belween 100 a nd 1000. The following examples illustrate the method of obtaining square or cube roots using the tables:

    ,1839-2

    ',178620000

    ,14523

    ' ,10-000 7247

    I. Change Ihe nllmber inlO scielllijic nOlation. = v'4·523

    x jCP

    = 'v'7· 247 X 10- 1

    2. Adjust Ih e position of rhl! decimal point to make the index of 10 exactl), divil'ible by Ihe rool being found. = v'45·23

    3.

    Enter lhe

    lab/~s

    TABl.E Of SQUARE

    ROOTS 1- 10 ~

    2-897

    )I'

    HP

    = 'v'724·7x

    10-=4

    shoK'n below and ~xlral'1 Ihe required rOO I of Ihe signijil'OnI figures. TABl.E Of SQUARE ROOTS 10-100

    """ 6·725

    TABLE OF CU8E ROOTS 10-100

    = 4·284

    Delt'rmint' the square or l'u~ root of the poK't'r of 10. ,1 ,0' _ 10 3v'1()G = 10~ V IOl = 10 __ ,1839-2 : . 3 Y78 620 000 :_ ,145-23 _ 6·725 x 10 = 4·284 x IQ! = 2·897 x 10 or 67-25 or 428·4 or 28-97

    TABLE OF CUBE ROOTS 100- 1000

    - 8-982

    4.

    'v' 10-- = 10- 1 :. 'YO-OOO 7247 = 8·982 x 10- ' or 0·08982

    Mean D iffe rence columns are not required in t he table of square roots of num bers between 5·5 and 9·9 nor in the tables of cube roots of numbers between 1-0 a nd 10·0 a nd between 55-0 a nd 100·0. When any of the above tables are bei ng used 10 fi nd the roolS of nu mbers wi th four significant figures in terpolat ion ca n be carried out mentally.

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    11. TABLES FOR CELESTIAL NA VIGA nON A, B & C AZIMUTH TABLES (Pages 380 - 428)

    To conform with the method of present ing data in the Nautical Almanac the hour angles in Tables A and B are given in degrees and minutes of arc from OC 15' to 359" 45'. If the H.A. is between 0" and 1800 the body is west of the meridian and its hour angle will appear in the upper row of H.A.s at either the top or bottom of the page. If the H.A. is between 180C and 3600 the body is east of the meridian and ils hour angle will appear in the lower row. The A, Band C values and the azimuth are derived by employ ing the well known formula which connects four adjacent parts of a spherical triangle. It can be shown, for instance, that in spherical triangle A B C:cot. a sin. b = cot. A sin. C + cos. b cos. C. cot. a sin : b - cos. C cos . b = sin. C cot. A.

    p

    The figure shows the astronomical triangle PZX with the four adjacent parts PX, P, PZ and Z representing, in that order, polar distance, hour angle, co-latitude and azimuth. Applying the above formula to this particular case, we have:- -

    ,

    o ,,, • • (j

    f " :V. :

    '11'

    Z

    x. cot. PX sin. PZ - cos. P. cos. PZ = P. cot. Z. Divid ing by sin. P. sin. PZ, this becomes-cot. PX . sin . P i.c. N

    cot. PX tan. dee!.

    sin. PZ sin. PZ

    cos. P sin. P

    cos. PZ sin. PZ

    sin. P sin. P

    cot. Z sin. PZ

    cosec. P - cot. P cot. PZ = cot. Z cosee. PZ, cosec. H.A. - cot. H.A. tan. lat. = cot. azi. sec. lat.

    In the tables;cot. H.A. tan. lat. is tabulated as A, and tan. decl. cosec. H. A. is tabulated as B. Hence (A ;!; B) cos. lal. = , cot. azimuth. (A ;!; B), referred to for convenience as .C' , forms the primary argument in Table C with lat. as the secondary argument. With these two arguments the azimuth is found. As an example, consider the case where hour angle = 48°, lat. = sr N., and deel. = 15° N.

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    EX PLANATION OF TH E TABLES

    5ZO 00' N H .A . 48" 00'

    lat.

    decl.

    L. ta n. 0' 107 19 L. cot. 9.9 5444

    +

    15° 00'N

    PAGE 394

    Log. A 0·06 163

    PAGE 395

    (?oy 3%. 3~5 ') _:._A_~_I_'15_3_S.

    21

    L. coscc . 0·12893 9·42805 L. ta n. Log. B

    (A is na med oppos ite to lat.; B has the same na me as decl.) (A .:t 8 ) name as A which is numerically greater than B.).

    PAGE 414 (

    fOJ" M~)

    'C'

    la l.

    0·792 S. 52" 00' N.

    Azi. 64" 00'

    ~

    9· 55698

    'C' - 0· 792 S.

    (Same

    Log. L. cos. L co l.

    .". Azimuth = S. 64 o(£J or 244". (The az imuth ta kes the names of t he 'C' factor and hour anglc.)

    ( -pc;/_394 - 345 )

    Reference to the tables wi ll show tha t fo r the above data A = ~ Sa nd 8 = 036 N. T he combination of these is 0·79 S., wh ic h in Ta ble C with la l. gives azim uth S. 64°·2 W. The rules fo r naming and combi ning A a nd B a nd for nam ing the azi mut h are given on each page of the ap propria te w ble. It is imponant that they shou ld be applied corre(;tly.

    sr

    J.\

    umgilllde Correction The quanti ty (A t B) or ' C', besides being one of the arguments for finding the azimut h from table C, is a lso the ' lo ngit ude correct ion fac to r' o r the erro r in lo ngitude d ue to an e rro r of I' of latitude. This ca n often be very usefu l to those accUSlOmed to working sights by the lo ng itude method. A simple sketch showing t he di rect ion of the position line will at o nce make it clear which way the longitude correction should be applied. It will easil y he apparent tha t when work ing a sight by the longitude method :(a) when the position li ne lies N.E.jS.W . (body in N. W. o r S.E. quadrant), if the assumed lat itude is too fa r no rth the com puted lo ngitude will be too fa r east, and if the latitude is too fa r south t he longitude will be too fa r west ; (b) when the position line lies N.W.jS.E. (body in N. E. or S.W. quad rant) the reverse ho lds good. Example: Suppose a sight worked with lal. 49° 06' N. gi ves longit ude 179 0 46',0 W. a nd azimuth S. 70°·5 E., the value of 'C' bei ng 0·54. If the correct la t it ude turned oul 10 be 49° 46' N ., i.e. 40' error, the e rror in longitude would be 40 x 0' ,54 or 21'·6. We should Iherefore have : -

    Com puted long. Correction

    179° 46"0 W. 2 1" 6 E.

    Correct long.

    179 0 24" 4 W.

    This is a case where the latitude being too far sou th, the com puted longi tude is 100 far west.

    Examples on 'he use of the tables In each of the fo ll o wing cases fin d the longitude correct ion factor a nd the t rue azimuth .

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    PAGE 394

    EX I)LA NATIO N OF TH E TABLES

    22

    PAGE 395 Example I: H .A. 3 10°, la!. 48° N., ded. 20" N. From Table A with H.A. 3 10". lal. 48° N., A = 0-93 S. From Table B with H.A. 310· , decl. 20" N., B = 0-48 N. Lo ng. corr'n. factor

    = A - B=

    C

    Fro m Table C with C 0-45 S .• la t. 48° N. , T. Azi.

    poqe. ?/J4 -

    = 0-45 S. =

    'y::y 5

    ...)

    S.73°·2

    ~A ~s ;.,e.J w ('..('/\

    g

    1'1//- 360 0

    A is named S. opposite to lat. because H.A. is 1101 between 90° a nd 270°, B is named N. beca use the decl. ;s N. C = A - 8 as A a nd B have d ifferent names, and is named S. as the grea ter quant ity is S. The azimuth is na med S. beca use C is S.• and E. beca use H.A. is between 180" and 360", Example 2: H .A. 244", la l. 41 " S .. decl. 5" S. From Table A wi th H.A. 244", lat. 4 1" 5., From Table B with H.A. 244", decl. 5" 5.,

    Long. corr' n. factor

    =

    A

    +

    B=

    A

    = 0-42 S.

    B = 0·10$.

    c

    ~

    0· 52 S.

    From Table C with C 0·52 S., lat . 41 ° S., T. Azi. = S. 68°·6 E. A is named S. same as lat. because H.A. is between 90° a nd 270°. B is named S. because the decl. is S. C = A + B as A and B have the same name (both 5.). The azimu th is named S. because C is 5., and E. because H.A. is between 180" a nd 360°. Example 3: H.A. 108°, 1at. 61 " N., decl. 20° N. From Supplementary Table A with H.A. 108", lat. 61 ° N., From Table B with H.A. 108", decl. 20" N.,

    Long. corr'n. factor = A

    + B=

    A B

    ~ ~

    0·59 N. 0·38 N.

    c ~ 0·97 N.

    From Table C witn C 0·97 N., lal. 6 1" N., T . Azi . = N. 64"'8

    w.

    A is named N. same as lat. beca use H.A. is between 90" and 270". B is na med N. because the decl. is N. C = A + B as A and B have the same name (both N.). The azimuth is named N. because C is N., and W. because H.A. is between 0" and 180". Use q( A BC Tables Ior Great Circle Sailing These tables provide a ready means of finding tne initia l grea t circle course from onc point (0 another. Suppose, for example, the in itial course from P (49° 30' N., 5° 00' W.) to Q (46° 00' N., 53° 00' W.) is req uired. The procedure is simply to treat d. long. as hou r angle, lat. of P. as HA::::: 5~_5;:;.UD" lat itude , and lat. ofQa s declinnlion. Th us:-

    From Ta ble A with H.A. 48°, lat. 49° 30' N. , From Tnble B wi thH .A.48", decl. 46° ()(),N. ,

    A - B~

    A = 1·06 S.l.f'Il'10 8 = 1·)9N.\j 1.,5}

    -

    (

    \

    ! _

    I QO

    01'_ '-JI

    ?,O~ (I

    ! eke ; 4b DO

    I

    C ~ ~-=- N' \P34fI

    From Table C with C 0·33 N" lat. 49" 30' N., T. Azi. i.e . Initi al a .c. Course = N. 77°·9 W. or 282°·1.

    =

    N. 77°·9 W.

    PAGE 412

    The final co urse, if requ ired, may be obta ined in a similar way by fi nding the initial course from Q to P and reversing it.

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    EX PLA NATION OF THE TA BLES

    23

    AMPLITUDES and CORRECTIONS (Explan'tion wilh rabla) (pages 4 29 . 431 )

    EX-MERIDIAN TABLE I (P'ges 432 · 443)

    •A' is the change in the altitude of a b
    OJ

    Latitude and DecJ;nat;on SAME NAME. On page 432 - 435 there are bands ;n whkh the value of'A' is omitted. This is because' A' changes too rapidly for accurate interpolation to be possible, when the body is near the zenith.

    Oi) Latitude a nd Declina tion DIFFERE NT NAME . ' A ' for Lower Transit observation is tabulated on the lower parts of pages 440 - 442 of thi s section and on page 443 , although the latitude and declination are of the s ame name.

    ' A' is computed using the fonnula:-

    1.9635 X cos lat X cos dec A~ -------

    sin ( Iact dec)

    In the denominator the latitude and declination a re:( a) subtracted at Upper Tra ns it if of the same name; (b) added at Upper Transit if of different name; (c) subtracted at Lower Tran sit.

    EX-MERIDIAN TABLE 11 ( Pilg'u 4 44 • 44 7)

    The Reduction is the product of' A' from Table I and the square of the time in minutes that the body is East or West of the meridian. To obtain the True Meridian A ltitude, the Reduction is added to the True Altitude of Upper Transit observations and subtracted from the True Altitude of Lower Transit observations of circumpolar b
    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    EX PLA NATION 0 1- HI E TA BLES

    Example I: In O. R. Lat. 48 c 13' N ., D.R. Sun' s LHA 356" 00' . Declination 2 10 39' Table I Tabl" LHA ( Different Name)

    =

    /1 356 00' 0

    A

    La L 48° I) ' N. Dec! . 2 1° 39' S. A

    Long. 7" 20' W., the True Altitudeofthe sun was 19° 52'. S. Detennine the Position Line.

    Red for.

    I ~'O

    = =

    .) =

    [ "·3

    (yy 4 3/':, )PAGE 439 PAGE 444(

    I ~')

    4' ·) [ ' ·3

    Reduct ion = 5'·6

    'fey 41[1-1)

    Reduct ion

    19 ° 52',0 S. 5'·6

    T . Mer. AIL T . M er. Z . Disl. DecL

    19° 57',6 S. 70° 02 ' -4 N. 21 ° 39'·05.

    T. Alt.

    Lac 48 ° 23'·4 N. True Azi mut h from Az. Tables 176°

    Posit ion Line passes 086° and 266° through L1.t. 48° 23',4 N., Long. 7° 20' W .

    Example 2: D .R. Lat. 4r 12' N., D.R. Long. 24° 32' W. , the True Altitude of Antares was 21 0 28'. St:l r's LHA 357 0 00' . Declination 26 0 18' '0 5. Determine the Position Line. Ta ble I TaM- 11 T . All. (Different Name) LHA 357" 00' Reduction A = 1· ·4 2 1° 31' -4 S. Red . for 1"·0 = 2' -4 T . Mer. Alt. Lat. 42° 12' N . -4 = 0',96 T. Mer. Z . D ist. 68 28' ,6 N. Oecl. 26° 18' S. 26 [8 '·0 S. Dec!. A = 1"'4 Red ucti on = 3',36 42° 10' ·6 N. La!. True AzinHuh from Az. Tables 177° 0 0

    Position Line passes OSY and

    267 ~

    through La c 42° 10" 6 N. Long. 24° 32' W.

    Although the latitude and declination of a circumpolar body are always of the same name, ' A ' for Lower Transit observations is tabulated in the lower part of the " Latitude and D eclination Different Name" sec tio n of T a ble I , Whe n near its Lower Transit the Local Hour Angle is less tha n 180 whe n west oh he meridian a nd more than 180° whe n east of it. The Hour Angle to use when entering Table 11 in this case is (1 80°....., 0

    LHA). Example 3: D.R Lat. 42 10' N. , Long. 21 30' W ., the True Altitude of D ub he was 14° 20'. Star's LHA 176 0 30' . D eclination 62" 0 1' N . D etermine the Position Line. 0

    0

    Table I ( Same Name)

    Table 11 LHA 176° 30'

    Lat. 42'" 10' N. Oecl. 62'" 01' N . A= 0" '7

    A

    T. All. Reduct ion

    = 3" 30' =

    0"· 7

    ~ 2'· 29 Reductio n For Lower T ra nsi t- 2'· )

    14° 20' ·0 - 2'· ) --~~

    T. Mer. All. Po la r Dist.

    14~ 17'· 7 27" 59',0

    42" 16',7 N. La t. "True Azimuth fro m Az. Ta bles 358 0

    Position Line passes 088" a nd 268° th rough La!. 42" 16' ,7 N. , Long. 2 1° 30' W.

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    EXPLAN ;\TI ON OF TH E TABLES

    Example 4: D.R Lat. 50" 02 ' S., D . R Long. 67" 20' W., the True Altitude of Achemar was 17° 20'. Star' s LHA 184" 20'. D eclination 57 ° 29' S. Determine the Position Line. Table I Tahle II T. A lt. Ir 20',0 (Same Name) LHA 184" 20' Reduction - )',5 = A = = Red uc tio n For Lower T r:L llsit-

    Lat 50' 02' S, Dec!. 57" 29' S.

    4" 20' 0-' 7 3' ,5 3"5

    A ~ 0"'7

    ---17° 16', 5 32" 31 ' ,0

    T. Mer. Alt.

    Polar Dist. Lat. True Azimuth from Az. Ta bles

    Position Line passes 087"·5 and 267"·5 through 49° 47' ·55., Long. 67" 20'

    49° 47 ',5 S. 177·5"

    w.

    EX-MERIDIAN TABLE III (P~ge

    4 48)

    This Table contains a Second Correction. wh ich, when the amount of the Main Correct ion is considerable, enables the process of Reductio n to Meridian to be applied wit h advan tage o n muc h larger hour a ngles than could o therwise be the Cdse.

    Example: D.R Lat. 3 I 00' N., D.R long. 124" 00' W. , the True Altitude of the Sun was 55 ~ 01' . Sun's LHA 347 30' . Declinatio n 2° 00' S. D etermine the Position Line. 0

    0

    Table I (Different Name) Lat. 3 1° 00' N . Dec!. r 00' S. A ~ 3", 1

    Table /I

    T. AIt .

    LHA Red. fo r

    347° 30' A = Y' I Y·O = 125' ,0 ·1 = 4', 2

    1st Correct io n = 129' ,2 Entering Table I11 with 129' as First Correct ion and 560 as Altitude we have 3·6' Subtracti\'c fo r Second Correctio n.

    1st Co rrection 2nd Corrttt ion T. Mer. Alt.

    55" 0 1'·0 S. 2' 09"2 +

    3"6 57" 06"6 S. N. 2' (I()'.(I S.

    T. Mer. Z. Di sl. Dec! .

    3r 53" 4

    Lat. True Azimuth from Az. Tables

    30" 53'-4 N. 158

    0

    Position Line passes 068 ° and 248" through La L 30" 53',4 N., Long. 124° 00' W.

    EX-MERIDIAN TABLE IV (Pig, 44$)

    This Tab le gives the limits of Hour A ngle or T ime before or "fter the time of the Meri dia n Pussage when an Ex-Meridi an o bservati o n can be taken . When the observation is taken within the lime li mit prescribed by this Table the Second Correction from Table I1I is negl igible. The Table is entered with 'A' ta ke n from Ta ble L Given Lat. 3]<> N., Declinat ion ISO N., find the lim its of Hour Angle for taking an Ex-Meridian observation. For LOlL 37" and Declination 18 °, 'S"me Name', Table I gives 4 ~ '6 for 'A'. with 4' ·6 as 'A" th e lime li mit abreast is found to be 24 minutes.

    Entering Table IV

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    ,)'

    EXPLANATION OF THE TABLES

    26

    CHANGE of HOUR ANGLE with ALTITUDE (Pages 449 - 450)

    PAGE 448

    The formula used in calculating the values tabulated is:Change of H.A. (in mins.) due to I' change of Alt.

    =

    cosec. Az. sec. Lat.

    The table gives in minutes of arc the error in hour angle resulting from an altitude I' in error. This is of particular value to those navigators who work their sights by the 'Longitude by Chronometer' method. It will be seen that the error is least in the case of a body on the prime vertical and that it increases as the azimuth decreases-very rapidly as the azimuth becomes very small. From the table the observer can readily find the least azimuth on which the altitude of a body should be observed in order that the resulting longitude may not exceed a chosen lim it of error. Another use to which th is table can be put is to find the correct longitude when a sight has been worked using an altitude in error by a known amount. , Example I: In latitude 18° what should be the lowest value of azimuth in order that ail error !.ill of I' in the altitude may not produce more than 2' of error in the computed longitude'!

    Under lat. 18° and against azi. 32°, the error for I' of alt. is found to be 1',98. the observation should be taken on a bearing greater than 3r.

    Accordingly,

    (In lat. 36°, it will be seen, an azimuth of about 39 0 would constitute the limit. error would exceed 2' even when the body was on the P.V.)

    In lat. 63 ° the

    Example 2: A sight worked in lat. 54° by the 'Longitude Method ' resulted in a deducted longitude of 64° 14',5 W. and azimuth N. 65° E. Afterwards it was discovered that the sextant index error of 2' 30 w off the arc had been applied the wrong way . Find the correct longitude.

    Since the longitude is found by comparing the L.H.A. of the body with its G.H.A., it is evident that the error in the L.H.A. will be the error in the computed longitude. The index error of 2"5, which should have been added, was subtracted , so that the altitude used was 5' too small. The table shows that in lat. 54°, when the azi. is 65", the error in H.A. is 1',88 per I' of alt. 5' , therefore, the error will be 5 x 1'·88 = 9',40.

    For

    As the real altitude wa3 greater than the value used, the observer must be nearer to the body than his computed longitude would lead him to suppose. With an easterly azimuth this means that the Westerly L.H.A. should be greater, and therefore the observer's west longitude should be smaller. Hence:Computed long .... ......... . . Error

    14'·5W. 9',4 to subtract

    Correct long. It will be appreciated that this is much quicker than re-working the sight.

    CHANGE OF ALTITUDE IN ONE MINUTE OF TIME (Pages 451 _ 452)

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    This Table contains the change in the alt itude of a celestial body in minutes and tenths of arc in one minute of time. It is useful for finding the correction to be applied to the computed altitude of a heavenly body when the time of observation differs from that u~ed in the computation of the altitude. When the star is East of the Meridiar.. the correction from the Table is subtractive from the computed altitude if the time of observation is earlier than that used in the computation of the

    EX PLA NATION OF TH E TABLES

    altitude; it is additive if the time of observation is later. When the star is West of the meridian the correct ion is additive if t he time of observation is before that used when computing the altitude, it is subtractive if the lime o f observation is after.

    Formula Change of altitude in o ne minute of time = 15' Sin. Az. Cos . Lat. The cha nge in 6 seconds of time is found by shifting the decimal poi nt one place to the left. The change in I second of time is found by ca ll ing t he qua ntities in the Table seconds instead of minutes. Example: In La t. 51 " 30' N. on the Meridian of Greenwich on October 261h, 1925 a t 8 h. 0 m. p.m. the computed altitude of the sta r Altair was 31" 09 '·2. Find the true altitude at 8 h. 10 m. p.m., the Az. being S.49° 37' W. Opposite 520 in the Lat. Col. and under SO" in the Az. Col. is l 7"IJof arc whic h is the c hange of a ltitude in I min. of time, a nd 7'· 1 x 10 minutes gives 7 1' o r I " 11', which is the correction to apply to the com puted altitude.

    ~

    /

    \

    Prs- y52 ) PAGE 452

    Com puted All. COH.toSubt.

    .. ... . . .......

    True All. required

    37" I'

    09"2 WO

    35'

    58',2

    DIP of the SEA HORIZON

    The tabu lated values are derived from the fo rmu la-Dip (in minutes) = 1'76-vh where h = height of eye in metres. Thu s, for example, when h = 30 m (98 ft), dip . = 9"6. Heights of eye are given in metres, ra nging fro m'O· 5 m to 50·0 In a nd a lso in the equiva lent feet (1'5 ft to 164 ft ).

    MONTHLY MEAN OF THE SUN ' S SEMIDIAMETER AND SUN ' S PARALLAX IN ALTITUDE (Pag/il 453)

    Correction fo r pa ra llax is to be taken ou l opposite the Su n's Alt itude a nd is always addithe.

    Example: The sun 's parallax correspo nding to 5 1" of a ltitude is 0'· 1.

    AUGMENTATION OF THE MOON'S SEMIDIAMETER ( Pagtl453)

    REDUCTION OF THE MOON'S PARALLAX (P~(}e

    453)

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    EXPLA NATIO N OF TH E TAB LES

    MEAN REFRACTION (Pag e 454)

    T his table contains the Refraction of the heavenly bodies, in minutes and de.::imals at a mea n state of the atmosphere, a nd correspond ing to their appa rent a ltitudes. Th is correction is always to be slIbrrocl ed from the apparent altitude of the object.

    Example : The mean refraction for the apparent al titude 10° 50', is 4· '9. Caution: For low altitudes all refraction tables are more or less inaccurate.

    ADDITIONAL REFRACTION CORRECTIONS (PJg e 4 54)

    The mean refraction values given in the Mean Refraction table a re for a n atmospheric pressure of t ,000 mb (29·5 in) and anairternpe rature of IO"C (SO°F). If the atmospheric pressure or temperature differ from these values additional co rrect ions mu st be a pplied to the a pparent altitude. These co rrections a re conta ined in the ta bles' Additional Refraction Correcti ons for Atmospheric Pressure' and 'Additiona l Refract ion Corrections for Air Temperature' Example: Find the true altitude of the sun when the observed altitude of the sun's lower lim b was 6" OC)', height of eye 16 m (85 ft), atmospheric pressure 1020 mb (30' 1 in), a ir temperatu re 0° C (32° F).

    Observed altitude sun's lower limb Total correction

    - 6° ~

    00'

    0"- 01'S'

    - - -5'

    True altit ude Correction for temperature Correction for pressure Corrected altitude

    58S -OA' -0'2'

    ~

    5° 57-9'

    0

    If the altitude is greater than 5 00' th e error due to appl ying these corrections to the true alt itude can be ignored in practice. N. B. -To convert baro meter readings fro m mercury inches to milli bars, o r vice-versa, see page 499 . To convert temperatures rrom Fah renheit to Celsius, or vice-versa, see page 494 . The adjust ment or mean refraction as shown above is important only when the altitude is small. It should be borne in mind that on account or uncertai n refraction positio n lines obtained from sights taken when the altitude of the body is less than lO° or so sho uld not be relied upon implicitly. Moreover, due to the effect of atmospheric refraction on dip it is unwise to place too much reliance on sights taken , whatever the alt itude. when there is cause fo r abnormal refraction to be suspected.

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    EX PLANA TIO N OF TH E TA BLES

    "

    CORRECTION of MOON ' S MERIDIAN PASSAGE ( PiJge 455)

    The correction obtained from t his ta ble is to be a pplied to the time o f meridian passage given in the Nau tical Almanac (i.e. the time o f transit at Greenwich) in o rder to find the time of the local tr.lnsit according to the obse rver's longitude. D X longitude where D is the d iffe rence between the times o f successive transits.

    Correction =

    360 When the observer is in £OS( longitude, D is the difference between the time of Inlnsil on the day of observation arxf the time of transit on the preceding day. When in West lo ngitooe it is the difference between the times o n the day of observa tion a nd the /oJlQwing day. £xamplt·: From Nau!. Aim. L.M .T . of moon's upper transit at Greenwich ls:-

    J uly

    h. m. 18 44

    2nd July

    19 32

    3rd J uly

    20 25

    I Si

    diff. 48m. diff. 5Jm . 0

    Find G. M.T. of moon's uppe r tra nsit o n 2nd J uly (a) in longitude 156 E., (b) in lo ngitude 63" W.

    (a) LM .T . of transi t at Greenwich ..... ... ... . . ... . . .... . . . ..... .. .. Corr·n. for 0 48m .. long. 1560 E.... .. ... • •. . _.. . .... . ..... . .. . . .

    Jul y 2

    h. 19

    m. 32

    - 20·8

    L.M .T. of loca l transit East longitude in ti me units

    2

    19 - 10

    11 ·2 24

    G.M.T. of loca l transit ( 1560 E.) ..... . .. .. .......... .. . . ... . ... .

    2

    8

    47·2

    J uly

    h.

    m.

    2

    19

    32 +9'2

    L.M .T. of loca llran si t ........ . . _. . , . West longitude in t ime un its . .. .... .. . _.. • . .

    2

    19 +4

    41 ·2

    a .M .T . of local transit (63 0 W.)

    2

    23

    53·2

    (b) L.M .T. of tra nsit at Greenwich Corr' n. for D 53 111 ., lo ng. 63 0 W.

    ... . .

    12

    -

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    EXPLA NATION OF THE T ABL ES

    30

    SUN'S TOTAL CORRECTION (Pages 456-461 and Iniith Front Cover)

    This is a combined table for the correction of both Lower Limb and Upper Limb altitudes of the Sun. To simplify interpolation for intennediate altitudes and heights of eye, the tabulation is based on columnar a nd linear correction differences of 0.2. The corrections in the main table give the combined effect of dip, refraction, parallax in altitude a nd an assumed semi-diameter of 16.0 . Subsidiary corrections at the foot of the table give the monthly variations of the semi-dia meter from the assumed value of 16.0 . The corrections and subsidiary corrections are added to or subtracted from the observed altitude as show in the table.

    Example J

    f

    Obs. AIL Sun's L.L for obs. alt. 25

    24

    0(-- " \ Corm.

    J

    \.lA)

    'b I

    + +

    8.0 0.1 2505.3

    and H.E. 12.0m

    True Alt. of Sun's centre

    PAGE 458

    57.2

    Example 2 Obs. AIL Sun's U.L Corm. for obs. alto 34 and H.E. 19.7 m Subs idiary corm. for June True A lt. of Sun 's centre

    STAR'S TOTAL CORRECTION

    33

    45.6

    - 24" + 0.2 3320.7

    ( I""SIL y53 ) PAGE 459

    (Pages 462-465 and InSIde S,ck Cover)

    This table corrects the combined effects of dip and refraction . To si mplify interpolation for intermediate alti tudes and heights of eye. the table is b;:lsed o n columnar and linear correction diffe rences of 0' .2. This table can also be used for the co rrectio n o f observed altitudes of the plane ts, bu t in the case of Ve nus and Mars the small additional correction given in the Nautical Almanac for pa ra ll ax and phase may he necessary. T he size of these corrections vary with the date and the altitude of the planet.

    MOON'S TOTAL CORRECTION (Lower Limb -p8ge:s466-478; U~ Limb - pages 479-49IJ

    This table corrects the combined effects of d ip. at mosphe ric refraction . augmented se midiamete r a nd pa ra llax in altitude. '1l1e dip component used in lhe main ta hle is ,. constant 12'.3. therefore the subsidiary correction given at the foot o f the pages must be added to the main correction. T he argument for this subsidiary correction is the observe r's height of eye . No account has been taken of the red uction with latitudc of th e moon's horizo ntal parallax, bu t in ge ne ral this is of no practica l significance. in cases whcre a hi gh degree of accu racy is rcquired it will be necessary to a ppl y th e corrections scpa rately toge the r wi th the ad justm e nt of the ret"raction correctio n fo r the prevailing atmosphe ric pressure and tempe ra ture . T he main correctio ns ~Ire AL W A VS added 10 bot h the lower lim b a nd upper limb obse rved altitudes of the moon , the dip correction is the n ~Idd ed a nd for upper li mb observations 3(]' must be subt racted from the result.

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    Example I

    Example 2

    Moon 's Ho r . Pax. ( from N. Aim.) = 57'.5

    Moon 's Ho T. Pax. ( from N. A im. )

    =

    Obs. All. moo n's lowe r lim b Co rrection from main tuble Co rrection fo r heigh t o f eye 13.5m T rue altitude o f moon

    O hs. All. moon 's upper limb Correctio n from mai n tabl e Correction fo r heigh t of eye 33m

    = 69"36'. 0 = + 22'.0 = + 2' ,2

    PAGE 471

    =

    = =

    3K~4 7' .4

    + 47'. 1 + 5'.8

    = :lif'40' .."\

    59' 0

    70"00' .2 - 30'

    T rue altitude o t moon

    ~

    69"30'.2

    Ill. TABLES FOR COASTAL NAVIGATION DAY' S RUN - AVERAGE SPEED TABLE

    This table provides a rapid means of finding the average speed directly from the a rguments 'steaming time' and 'd istance run', It wi ll be a pprecialed that there is no necessity 10 convert minutes into decimals of a day, a nd that no logarit hms or co- loga rithms a re required. Sim ple addition is all that is needed . The scope of the table has been made wide enough to cover cases of high speed vessels (up to 40 kno ts o r so) on easterly o r westerly cou rses in high latitudes where cha nge o f longitude between one local noon and the next may amount to some 30°, or 2 hours of time. Distances a re tabulated as multiples of 100 miles. Increments of speed for multip les of IQ miles and multiples of 1 mile are o btained simply by shifting the decimal po int o ne o r two places to the left , rtsptttively. £xanrp/(' ; Give n steaming time 23 h. 29 m., distance 582 miles, find the ave rage speed .

    Distance in miles

    Speed in knots 21 ·29 1

    500 80'

    3-4066

    2!

    0·08517 24·78277

    582

    That is. av.:rage speed correct to two places of decimals, which a re g.:nerally considered suffici.:nt, is 24·78 knots . • Enter with 800 m iles and shift d.:cima l point I place to the left shift decimal po int 2 places to the left

    t Ent.:r with 200 miles and

    RADAR RANGE TABLE {Pag9501}

    RADAR PLOTTER'S SPEED AND DISTANCE TABLE (P~gfl 5021

    MEASURED MILE SPEED TABLE (P~

    503-509J

    This table is a rra nged in 'crit ical table' fo rm and gives speed s correct to th.: nearest hundredth of a kno t without interpolatio n. If the time argument is an exact tabulated value, the speed immed iately a bove it shou ld be ta ke n.

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    EXPLANATION OF TH E TABLES

    32 I. 2. 3. 4.

    If the time recorded for the measured mile i5' 9 m. 16·2 s., the speed is 6·47 knots. If the time is 4 m. 55·3 s., the spttd is 12·19 knots. If the time is 3 m. 52·3 s. , the speed is 15·49 knots. Suppose a ship on trials makes six runs over a measured mile, three against the tide and three with the tide, such th at the timings by stop-watc h are as follows: First run against tide .. . First run with tide . . . Second fun agai nst tide ... Second fun with t ide .............. .. . • ... . Third run against tide Third run with tide .. . ........ ... . . . .... • ....

    m. s. 3 28· 8 3 18·4 3 30-0 3 1J.8 3

    3 1"

    3

    16·7

    20 2H

    Then total time for 6 miles is ..

    3

    :.Average time for 1 mile is

    2H

    From the fable the average speed for rhe six runs is 17·66 knots. Strictly speaking, the average speed should be computed by finding the ' mea n of means', in which case the work would be arranged as follows. 4TH MEAN OF 2ND 3RO 1ST S PEED RU N MEAN MEANS MEA N MEAN MEAN KNOTS m. s.

    ISI

    3

    28·8

    17·24

    2nd

    3

    18A

    18' 14

    17· 690

    IH650 17·66000

    17·640

    3rd

    3

    30·0

    17·65 125

    17·670

    4th

    3 17·8

    18·20

    5th

    3

    31· 1

    17·05

    6th

    3

    16·7

    18·30

    17·65562 5

    17·6550

    17· 14

    17·6528 125 17·650000

    17·6475 17·64875

    17·625 17·6500 17·675

    6) 106·07 IH8 Ordinary mean speed

    - --

    4) 70·6175

    17·6544 Ordinary mean of second means·

    'I' True mean speed

    A t speeds greater than about 191- knots it will be not iced that in certain cases a change of a tenth of a second in the time will make a d ifference o f mo re tha n one hundredth o f a knot in the ta bu lated speed. For example, if the ti me for o ne mile is between 2 m. 38·7 s. and 2 m. 38·8 s. the speed. correct to two places of decima ls, could be either 22 ·68 or 22·67 knots. In very high speed vessels the recorded t ime fo r a measured mile may be $ 0 sma ll as to be beyond the scope of the table. Even so, a reasonably accura te speed is easily obta ined by entering the ta ble with double the recorded t ime, a nd then doubli ng the speed so obta ined. For instance, if a mile is run in I m. 55·25 .. enter with 3 m. 50·4 s. Thi s gives 15·62 knots which is half the required speed of 31· 24 knots (and this wi ll be correct wit hin 0·02 of a knot). By calculat ion th,e correct speed is actually 31·250 knots . • Th is is usually regarded as being sufficiently accurate

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    EXPLANATION OF HIE TABLES

    JJ

    Besides its orthodox use for speed trial purposes, the table will be found useful to navigators for other purposes. For example, suppose it is decided to alter course after the ship has run 6 miles on a certain heading from a position line obta ined at 1432, the speed of the ship being 11·75 knots. The table shows that at this speed the ship will run one mile in a little ove r 5 m. 6 s. , or 6 miles in about 30t minutes. Therefore, the course should be altered at 1502t. In certain circumstances it mi ght be considered convenient to pl ot the radar target of another vessel at regular intervals corresponding to one mile runs of one's own vessel. Suppose the speed to be 9·70 knots, which the table shows to correspond to a mile in about 6 m. 11 s. Then, if the stop-watch is started from zero at the time of the first observat ion , successive observations should be taken as nea rly as practicable when the watch shows 6 m. 11 s. , 12 m. 22 s .• 18 m. 33s. , 24 m. 44 s., a nd so on.

    DISTANCE BY VERTICAL ANGLE (Pages

    5'~51 5)

    This table gives the distance of an obse rver fro m objects of known height when the angle betwee n base and the summit is known. The ta bles are for distances up to 7 miles so that the whole object from base to summit will be in view when the hei ght of eye is more than 12 metres (39 feet) Observers whose height of eye is less than th is must apply a correcti on for Dip if their distance from the object exceeds the distance of the sea horizon given for their height of eye in the table Distance of the Sea Horizon (page 486). The distances given are from the pos ition of the observer to a po int at the base vertically below the summit, and it is to this point t hat the angle should be measured . In places where there is a big rise and fall of tide it would be necessa ry to make an allowance for the state of the tide, as heights are always given above Mea n H.igh Water Springs or Mean Higher Hi gh Water. In the case of light-vessels there is no allowance fo r the state o f the tide. as the water plane is always at the sa me distance wi th refe rence to any part of the vessel. Tojind the Distance Measu re the angle from summit to base and note the angle ; then under the given height find the observed angle, and opposite the angle will be found the di stance off in Mi les in the left hand column. Example: The vertical angle between the base and summit of a li ght-house situated 61 m (200 feet) above sea level was 0 57'. Required the distance. Under 6 1 m (200 ft) and opposite the given angle is 2·0 miles, the distance. l.!;Y~ 5 120

    fI.)

    To jintl the Angle /0 place on Ihe Sexlant to pass at a gi\'en distance f rom a Point of Known Hdgh t Opposite the given distance and under the known height wi ll be found the required a ngle 10 place on the sextant. Example: Wishi ng to pass a po int situated 150 m (492 ft) above sea level at a distance of 4 miles, required the angle to place on the sexta nt. Oppos ite 4 miles in the distance column at the side, and under 150 m (492 ft) at the lOp. is 1° 10' , the angle required to place on the sex tant.

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    EXPLANATIO

    J4

    OF TH E TA BLES

    EXTREME RANGE TABLE IPages 516-517)

    This table has b«n compiled fo r the purpose of determining the maximum distance at which an object may be seen at sea according to its elevation and that of the obse rvtr's eye. Heights are given in metres with thei r equivalents in feet . The a rguments with which the table is ord inarily entered a re the height of the observer's eye a nd the height of the dista nt object which last, however. need nol be a terrestrial one bu t may be the masthead of a vessel. or some other easi ly defined detai l thereof, provided always that the hei ght of the feature or object observed be definitely known. The a rguments, too, can be made interchangeable, thus, should the lookout, sta tioned at the masthead a t a n elevation exceeding 30 metres observe a low-lying rock having a height of less than tha t amou nt, the n the te rms can be subst it uted for each other and the ' Height of Eye' can be sought in t he ' Height ofObjecf column, a nd vice versa . The tables a re computed on the basis of normal at mospher ic condit ions, refractio n a nd visi bility, and, in the case of li ghts, the quantity taken out as ' Extreme Range' presupposes tha t the light possesses sufficient power to be discernible at suc h a distance. It must be remembered also that the heights of lights a nd shore objects a re referred 10 Mea n High Wa te r Springs or Mean Higher Waler therefore due allowance should be made when the time of observation does not a pproximate t hereto, pa rticularly if the elevation or distance should be small .

    Example I : At what distance will a tower 60 m ( 197 ft ) high be visible to a n observer whose eye

    r?t-\ is elevated 20 m (66 ft ) above the water? 51b )

    Ta ke 60 m (197 ft) as the ' Height of Object' in the ma rginal column and in the column under 20 m (66 ft) ' Height of Eye', a t the top of the page, will be found the 25·6 miles dista nce.

    Example 2: The officer of the watch. whose eye is elevated 16 m (52 ft) above the water, observes a shore light, with a n elevation of 45 m (148 Il). just dipping. At what dist..,nce is the ship from the light ? In t he column he,:lded 16 m (52 ft) ' Heigh t of Eye' and abreast of 45 m (1 48 ft ) ' Height of Object' will be found the dista nce 22·4 miles.

    PAGE 516

    DISTANCE of the SEA HORIZON (PII9 9518)

    The tabula tions a rc derived fro m the fo rm ula- Dista nce of the sea horizon in nautical miles = 2·095 vh, where h = height of eye in metres. Thus for exam ple, when h = 50 m (164 ft)thedistance of the sea horizon is 14·8 n. miles. The following examples show how the table can be used .

    Example I : At what distanc~ in good visibil ity should a n observer whose height of eye is 16 m (52 ft) be a ble to sight a terreSlrial object of height 170 m (558 ft )'! Distance of horizon for height 16 m (52 ft) = 8·4 miles .. 170 m (558 ft) = 27·3 miles Sum

    =

    Hence, (he object should be visible a t a dista nce of 35·7 miles,

    35·7 miles

    -

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    EX PLA NATION OF THE TABLES

    J5

    Example 2: The range of visibi lity of a light is stated on a c ha rt to be 21 M . At wha t distance from the light will an observer be a t the moment when the lig ht has just dipped below the horizon if his height of eye is 50 feet? Charted range, i.e. for 15 feet height of eye ..... ...... . Subtracting distance of horizon for height 15 feel

    21

    Range of light at sea level .. .. ..... . .. ........ . Adding distance of horizon for height 50 feet ......... .

    16·45

    Dipping distance, or maximum r,tnge

    24· 75

    (0

    observer .....

    miles

    4'55 8·30

    N. 8.- This method is applicable o nly in the case of a light of adeq uate power, and the accuracy of the result will probably be affected by the fact that the charted height of a light never includes a fraction of a mile. Abnormal refraction will also affect the accuracy of distances obtained by using this table.

    DIP OF THE SHORE HORIZON (Page 519)

    When the part of the horizon immediately under the sun is o bstructed by land and the o bserver is near the sho re. the D ip fo r a n observed a ltitude wi ll be greater than tha t shown in the Dip of the Sea Ho rizon table. When correcting the altitude the dip should t>e taken from this table when obtaining the apparent altitude.

    Example: The observed altitude of the sun's lower limb above the shore horizon (distance 1·6 miles) was 2r 30', Height of Eye 12 m (39 ft). Observed altitude ... Dip of Shore Horizon ....

    (H.E. = 12 m, distance = 1·6 miles)

    :. Apparent a ltitude ..... If the refraction is believed to be abnormal the table should be used wi th caution. The table can also be used to obtain the approximate range of a sh ip by measuring the angle between the ship's waterline and the sea horizon.

    Example: The sextant angle between a sh ip's waterline and the sea horizon is 5·0'. Eye = 25 m (82 ft). From dip of sea horizon table.

    Dip ...... .... ..... .. . Observed angle

    c ~~~~~_~~

    :. From the dip of the shore ho rizon table, Range

    Height of

    8·8' 5·0' 14·8 3·5 miles

    CORRECTION REQUIRED TO CONVERT A RADIO GREAT CIRCLE BEARING TO MERCATORIAL BEARING (Page 520)

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    EXP LANAT ION O F THE T AB LES

    IV. PHYSICAL AND CONVE RSION TABLES TO CONVERT ARC TO TIME AND TIME TO ARC (Pages 522-523)

    HOURS AND MINUTES TO DECIMAL OF A DAY (Page 524)

    ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE CONVERSION TABLE (Page 525)

    ' FAHRENHEIT - ' CELSIUS - 'FAHRENHEIT (Page 526)

    SI - BRITISH UNITS (Pages 527-528)

    BRITISH GALLONS - U.S. GALLONS - LITRES (Pages 529-531 )

    NAUTICAL MILES, STATUTE MILES, KILOMETRES (Pages 532-534)

    FATHOMS - METRES - FATHOMS

    DECIMAL FRACTIONS OF A DEGREE (Page 536 and Inside Bad( Caverl

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    EX PLANATIO N OF T H E TABLES

    V. PORTS OF THE WORLD PORTS OF THE WORLD.

    LATITUDES AND LONGITUDES (Pages 538-595)

    This section is an alphabetical list of all the ports of the world used by commercial shipping, the positions given to the nearest minute of latitude and longitude being those of the port area, not the centre of the towns or cities. Every effort has been made to ensure that the names and positions given are correct by checking with charts and reliable offici al sources and publications. The user should note the following points: 1 The order of listing is strictly alphabetical and if two or more ports have the same name they are listed in the sub-order of their countries, alphabetically. 2 A port which has several common ly used names or whose name has been changed recently is entered under each name with the alternative names in brackets. 3 Ports whose names consist of two or more words are entered under each word. e.g. Port Chalmers is entered under P as Port Chalmers and under C as Chalmers, Port. 4 To assist in locating a port its country is given in Anglicised form and where it is considered useful the name of the bay, island, river etc. on which it is sited is given in the form used in its country. 5 Accents and diphthongs have been omitted.

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    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYIN TRAVERSE TABLE

    ~:l:f D. Lon

    en .

    f017'

    17 Degrees

    D.

    ,~

    D• .

    D. Lon

    D• .

    37

    l h 08m

    163'

    D. Lon

    D• .

    O. Lon

    D• .

    Oist. D. Lat. De

    Dist. O. lat. DeD. Dist . O. lat. DeD. Oist. D. Lat. DeD. Dist. O. Lat. DeD.

    » 1 302

    361 382 363

    3452

    384

    3481

    1055

    .21 .22 427

    40B' 3

    4093 4103 411 2

    125 7

    '90

    412 2

    4131 414-' 4150 416 -0 4169 41 7 9 418 -9 4198 420 8

    1260 1263 1266 1269 127 -2 1275 1278 1281 1284 128 -6

    491 '92 '93

    42 17 4 22-7 423-6 424 6 425-6 426-5 427 5 428-4 429-4 430·3

    128 -9 1292 129-5 1298 1301 1304 1307 131-0 131 3 131 6

    510

    .59 .60

    431 3 43 2 2 433 2 434 2 435 1 436 1 437-0 4380 438-9 4399

    131 9 132 2 132 4 132 -7 13 30 133-3 1336 1339 134 2 134 5

    512 613 51' 51' 518 '17 518 519 520

    488-7 489 6 4906 49 1 5 492 5 493 5 494 4 4954 4963 497 3

    149 -4 1497 150 -0 1503 150-6 150 -9 151 2 151 4 151-7 1520

    481 462 .63

    4409 1141-8 11428

    1348 1351 1354 135 7 1360 136 2 136 5 136 8 137 1 137 4

    521 522 523 52. 526 526 527 528 529 530

    4982 499 2 500 I 501 1 502 1 5030 5040 504-9 505-9 506 -8

    152 ·3 152-6 1529 153-2 153 5 153 8 154 -1 154 4 1547 1550

    581 582 563

    137 7 1380 1383 1386 1389 139 2 1395 1398 1400 140-3

    531 532 533

    507·8 5088 5097 5107 511 6 5126 513 5 514-5 515-4 516-4

    155-2 155-5 1558 156-1 1564 156-7 1570 1573 157 6 157 -9

    591 '92 593

    294 5

    295 5 296 5

    311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320

    2974 2984 2993 300 3 301 ·2 302 2 303 1 304- 1 306- 1 306-0

    909 912 915 91 ·8 921 924 92- 7 93-0 93-3 936

    371 372 373 374 375 376

    321 322 323 32. 325 326 327 328 329

    3070 3079 3089 3098 3108 311 8 312 7 3136 314 6 315 5

    93 -9 94 I 944 947 950 953 956 959 96 2 965

    361 382 383

    338 339 340

    316 -5 317 5 318-4 319 -4 3204 321 3 322 3 3232 324 2 3251

    96 8 971 97 4 97-7 97-9 982 98·5 98·8 991 994

    341 342 343 34. 345 346 347 348 34' 350

    326 \ 327 1 3280 329 -0 329-9 330-8 33 1 8 332 8 333 S 334 7

    99 7 100 0 1003 1006 100-9 101 2 101 5 101 7 1020 102 3

    .02

    351 352

    102 6 1029 1032 1035 1038 1041 1044 104- 7 1050 105-3

    .11 412

    356 357 358 359 360

    335 7 336 6 3376 338 5 339 5 3404 341 4 3424 343 3 344 3

    Dist.

    Dep. D. Lat. Dist.

    Dep. D. Lat. Dist.

    D. Lon

    D• .

    D• .

    305 300

    330

    331 332 333 334 335 336 337

    353

    354

    35'

    289 8

    2907 29 1 7 292 6 293 6

    287'

    ~5J-

    365 366 367 368

    36' 370

    on

    378 379 380

    384

    385 386

    387 388 389 390

    391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399

    '00

    .01

    .03 '04 '05

    .06

    '07 408 .09 410

    413 .14 '15

    416 417 418 419 420

    D. 'on

    347 1 349 1 350 ,0

    1058 106·' 106·4

    106,7 107,0

    3510

    107 3

    351 9

    1076 1079

    352,9

    353-8 354-8

    355-7 3567 3577 358-6 3596 3605 361 -5 36 2 -4 363 -4

    1082

    1085 1088 1091 1093 1096 1099 1102 11 05 110 -8 111-1

    364 4 3653 366 ·3 3672 368·2 369 I 3701 371-0 372 ·0 3730

    111 4 111 7 1120 112 3 1126 1129 113 1 1134 1137 1140

    373 9 3749 375 -6 376 8 377 7 378 -7 379 7 3806 381 6 382 5

    11 4-3 1 14 -6 11 4-9 11 5 2 11 5 5 1158 1181 1164 116 7 1169

    383 5 3844 3854 3863 387 ·3 388 3 389 2 3902 391 1 392 1

    \17 2 117 5 117 8 118-1 11 8-4 11 8-7 11 90 119 3 119 6 1199

    3930 394-0 3949 395-9 3968 397 8 3987 3997 400-7 401 6

    1202 1205 1207 121 0 121 3 121 6 121 9 122 2 122 5 122 8

    541 542 543 54' 545 546 547 548 54' 550

    428

    307 308 J09 310

    303 >l4

    346 ,2

    '81

    123 1 123·4 123,7 1 240 124 3 124 ·6 1248 125 1 1254

    4026 4036 40 4 ,5 405 5

    880 88 3 88 6 88 ·9 89 ·2 89 -5 898 90-' 903 906

    287 8 2888

    423

    426 '" '26

    4064 4074

    .29

    430

    431 432 433 .34 435

    '36

    .37 438 '39 440 441 442

    443

    .... 444

    44'

    .47 448 449 .50

    '51 452 '53 '54 455 .56 '57 '58

    4437 444 7 445 6 446 -6 44 7 6 448- 5 449 -5

    454

    '65

    '86

    '67 '68 '6' "0 471

    450-4 451 4 452-3 453-3 454 2 455-2 4562

    472 473

    '" 475

    "6 477

    11571

    "8 . 79

    458 1 459 0

    480

    D.

    ,~

    '82 '83 '84

    485

    .ea '87

    '88 489

    '94 '9'

    '96

    497 498 '88 500 601 502 503 504

    50' 506 507 508 509

    '"

    534

    536 536 537 538

    53' 540

    460-0 4609 461 ·9 462-9 463 8 464 8 465,7 468 7 4676 4686

    1406

    4695 4705 471 5 472 4 4734 474 3 4753 476-2 477 2 478-2

    1436 1438 144-' 144 4 144 7 1450 1453 145 -6 1459 146 2

    551

    479 1 4801 4810 4820 4829 4839 4848 4858 4868 487 -7

    146 5 1468 1471 1474 147-6 147-9 1482 148-5 148 ·8 149 ·1

    561 562 563

    140,9

    141 2 14 1 5 141 8

    142 -' 1424 1427 1430 143-3

    552

    '53 554 555 '56 557 558 '59 560

    564

    56' 566

    567 568 569 570 '71

    572

    573 574 57' 576

    '77 578 579 580

    584

    58' 586 587 588 589 590

    594

    59' 596 597 598 599 600

    Dep. D. Lat . Dist, DeD. D. Lat. Dist. Dep .

    Dep.

    D. Lon

    v

    73 Degrees

    D. Lon

    ~ 107"

    517 4

    1582

    518,3

    1585 1588 159 1

    519 3 5202 52 1 2 522 1 523 1 524 1

    5250 5260

    159 3 1596 , 59-9 160 2 1605

    1608

    5269 52 79 5288 5298 5307 531 7 532 7 533 6 534-6 535-5

    1611 16' 4 161 7 1620 162 3 162 6 162 9 163 1 163 -4 163-7

    536-5 537 -4 5384 5394 5403 541 3 5422 5432 5441 545 1

    1640 164 3 1646 1649 1652 1655 1658 166 1 1664 166 -7

    546 1 5470 5480 548 9 549 9 5508 551 8 552 7 5537 5547

    166-9 167 2 167 5 167-8 168-' 1884 1687 1690 1693 1696

    5556 5566 557 5 558 5 559-4 560-4 561 -4 562 3 563-3 564 -2

    1699 1702 1705 1707 171 0 17 1 3 171 6 ' 71 9 172 2 172 5

    5652 566 1 567 1 5680 5690 5700 5709 571 9 572-8 5738

    172 8 173 1 173 4 1737 1740 1743 1745 174 8 175 1 1754

    Dep . D. Lat. D• .

    4h 52m

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYIN

    46

    22

    0

    ~

    TRAVERSE TABLE

    D. Lon

    D, .

    D. ion

    D, .

    D. Lon

    Dist. O. Lat . Dep. Oist. D. Lat. Dep. 1 2 3

    , 5 6

    7 8

    ,

    .0

    11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

    61 62 63 6' 65 66 67 68 6. 70

    566 575 58 , 593 603 6. 2 621

    102

    041 045 049 051 056 06·0

    71

    658

    72 73 74 75

    668 67·7

    139 14·8

    15 8 167 17-6

    06-4 06-7

    185

    071 075

    21 22

    195

    07-9

    23

    24

    25

    26 27 28 29 30

    31 32 J.3

    34 3. 3. 37 38 39

    '0 41 42 43

    ,". 45 47

    48 49

    50 51 52 53 54

    5. 56 57

    58 59

    60 Dist. D. Lon

    68

    00' 007 O•• O' 5 019 022 026 030 034 037

    20

    19

    0

    00' 019 028 037 046 056 065 0" 083 093 111 121 130

    287 297 306 31 5 325 334 343 352 362 371

    38-0 38-9 39-9

    408

    4 1 -7 42 -7 4 3-6 44 -5 45-4 46 -4

    473 '82 491 501 510 519 528 538 54 7 556 Oep.

    ,

    191 195 199 206 210 21' 21 7

    ~

    247 25-'

    255 25-8 26-2

    131

    121 5

    270

    132

    122 4

    273 277 281 28 5 28 8 29 2 29-6

    75 1

    30 3

    760

    770 77'

    83 84 85 86

    78.

    87 88

    807

    797

    89

    816 825

    '0

    83'

    " 93

    84'

    '" ." 115

    853 862

    872

    881 890 89' 909

    918 927

    93 .

    946

    955 964 97 A 98 -3 99 2 100 -1 101 1 1020 1029 1038 1048 1057 106 6 1076 1065

    109 4 110 3 111 3

    D, .

    307 31 1 31 5 318 32 ·2 32-6

    330 333 337 34-1 34-5

    348 35-2 35-6

    360 36-3

    367 371 375 37-8 382 386 39 -0 39 3

    397 40 1 40 -5 408 41 2

    416 420 423 427 43 -1 43·5

    1233

    133 134 135 136

    491 494 498 502 506 509 51 3

    138 13' 140

    124 2 1 25 2 1 26 1 1 27 0 1 28 0 1 289 129 8

    141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 14' 150

    1 307 1 31 7 132 6 1335 134 4 135 4 136-3 137 2 138-2 1391

    151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 15' 160

    1400 1409 141-9 1428 1437 144 6 1456 1465 1474 1483

    566 56 , 573 577 581 584 588 592 596 599

    161 162 163 164 16. 166 167 168 16' 170

    1493 1502 151 1 1 52 1 153 0 1 S3 9 154 8 1 S5 8 1 56 7 157 6

    603 607 61 1 61 , 61 8

    171

    1585 1595 1604 1613 162-3 1632 164-' 1650 1660 1669

    137

    172

    173 174

    175

    '38 44-2

    176 177 178

    "6

    '79

    D, .

    D. LOll ,

    180 Dep . O. Lat. Disc. 450

    D. Lon

    Dist. D. Lat. Dep. 121 112 2 453 . 22 113 1 457 123 1140 '6 • 1150 465 12' 125 1159 '68 1168 '72 ' 26 11] 8 476 ' 27 128 1187 '79 11 96 483 12' 130 1205 487

    266

    82

    116 117 11 8 11. 221 22. 120 D. Lat. Oist. Dep. D. Lo" 292'

    .

    24-3

    81

    111 112

    20·2

    236 240

    300

    101 102 103 104 10. 106 107 108 109 11 0

    17 -6 18-0 18-4 18-7

    22-9 23-2

    723 73 2 742

    100

    172

    695

    714

    94 95 96 97 98 99

    15'

    686

    77

    92

    15- 7 16-1 16 -5 16-9

    640 649

    70·5

    79 80

    116 120 12' 127 131 135 13' 142 146 150

    630

    76

    78

    10 , 08-2 21 3 08-6 223 0' 0 232 094 241 097 250 101 260 105 269 10' 278 11 2

    f015822 ''

    22 Degrees

    202'

    51 7

    52 1 524

    528 532

    536 539

    543 54 ·7

    551 55 ·4 558

    562

    . 84 ' 85 186 '87 .88 189

    1706

    '90

    ."

    70 ,

    1752

    70B

    1762

    712

    '"

    201 202 203 204 205 206 207 20B 209 210

    186-4 187 3 188 2 189 1 1901 1910 191 9 192 9 1938 194 7

    75 3 757 760

    21 1

    1956 1966 1975 1984 1993

    790 79' 798 802 805 809 813 81 7 820 824

    212

    21 3 214 215 21. 217

    218 219 220 221 222 223

    224

    225

    232

    227

    228 229 230

    233 234 235

    236 237

    238 671 239 240 6" Oep. D. Lat Oist.

    68 Degrees

    1743

    71 5

    231

    Dep.

    701

    177 1

    641

    v

    689 693 697

    1780 1789 1799 1808

    644

    667

    171 5 172 5 173
    192 193 194 195 196 197 198 19' 200

    "6

    652 656 659 663

    D. Lon

    D, .

    Oi5t. D. Lat. Dep. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. 167 8 678 ' 8' '" ~ 223- 5 903 182 1687 682 907 "2 224-4 169 7 686 243 2253 91 -0 ' 83

    622 62 6 62 9 63 -3 637

    648

    Dep.

    lh 2am

    18 1 7

    182-7 183-6 184 5 185 -4

    200 3 201 2 202 1 2031 2040

    723 727 730 734 738 742 74 5

    749

    764 768 772 775 779

    783 787

    204 9 2058 206-8 2077 208-6 209 5 2 10-5 211 -4 2 12 3 21 3-3

    828 832

    214 2 215 1 2160 2170 2179 2188 219 7 2207 221 6 222 5

    865 869

    83 5

    839 843 847 850 85 4 858 86-2

    873 877

    244 245 246 247 248

    2299 230-9

    250

    231-8

    93-7

    251 252 253 25' 255 256 257 258 259 260

    232-7

    94 0

    ".

    228 1

    2290

    '" 948 95, 2

    2337 2346 2355 236 4

    95,5

    2374 2383 239 2 240 1 24 1 1

    959

    261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 26' 270

    242 0 242 9 243 8 2448 245 7 2466 2476 2485 2494 250-3

    97-8 981 985 9B -9 993 996 1000 1004 1008 1011

    271

    278 279 280

    251 3 252-2 253-1 254-0 255-0 2559 256-8 257 ·8 2567 2596

    1015 1019 1023 1026 1030 1034 1038

    281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290

    2605 261 5 262 4 2633 26 42 265 2 266 1 2670 268 0 2689

    291 292 293

    2698 270 7 271 7 272 6 F35 274 a 2754 2763 277 2 2782

    272

    273

    274

    275 276 277

    294

    295

    884

    296

    892

    91-4 9 1-8

    921 92-5 92' 93-3

    880 888

    226-2

    2272

    291 298

    96 3 966 970 97 -4

    1041 104 5 104 9 1053

    105 6 1060 1064 1068 107 1 107 5 107-9 1083 108 -6 109-0 1094 1098 110 1 1105 1109 111 3 111 6 1120 1124

    299 895 300 89' Oep. O. Lat. Disl . Dep. D. Lal D. Lon D, . D. Lo" Do. ,

    •

    ~

    4h 32m

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYIN 89

    31Tl 223 ' O. Lon

    D, .

    TRAVERSE TABLE

    ~

    43 Degrees ~

    .----A-----D. Lon Dep.

    O. Lon

    D,

    O. Lon

    2h 52m

    137'

    D, .

    D. Lon

    D, .

    Dist. D. Lat. Dep.

    Dist. D. Lat . Dep. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. Dist. D. lat. Dep. Dist. O. Lat. De

    ""

    361 362 353

    2640

    364

    2662

    248 ,2

    2669

    2489

    302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 315 317 318 319 320

    2201

    205 3

    2209

    206,0

    22 1 6

    2066

    22 2 3

    207 3 2080

    224 5 2253

    209 -4

    2260 226 7

    2107 211 -4

    365 365 367 358 369 370

    22 75 228 2 228 ,9 2296 2304 231 1 231 8 232 ,6 233-3 234 ·0

    212 1 212 ,8 2135 21 4, 1 214,8 2 155 216,2 2169 21 7 6 218,2

    371 372 373 374 375 375 377 378 379 380

    223 "

    2238

    208 7

    210 1

    269 ,9 270 ,6

    2523

    421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430

    271 ,3 272 ·1 272 ·8 273·5 274 ·3 275·0 275 ·7 276 ·5 277 ·2 277 ·9

    253 ·0 253 ·7 254·4 255 ·1 255 ·7 2564 25 7·1 25 7· 8 258 ·5 259 2

    431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 445 447 448 449 450

    264 -8

    26 55

    2462 2469 247 6

    2677

    249 ,6

    268 -4

    2503

    269 1

    2 51 ,0

    251 ,7

    3079

    287 1

    3086

    2878

    3094 3101 3108 311 6

    288,5

    3123

    29 1 2 2919

    3130

    289 2

    289 ,8

    2905

    481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490

    3518 352 5

    3584

    328-0 328 -7 329-4 330-1 330 ,8 331 5 3321 332 8 3335 3342

    541 542 543 544 54. 645 647 548 549 550

    3591 3598 360·6 361 ·3 362 ·0 362 ·8 363 5 364·2 364 9 365'7

    3349 335 ,5 3362 336 ,9 3376 3383 339 ,0 3396 3403 341 ,0

    353,2

    3540 354,7 355 4

    3562 3569 35 7-6

    3138

    2926

    314 -5

    2933

    315 ·2 315·9 316 ·7 31 7 4 31 8·1 318·9 319 6 320·3 321 1 3218

    2939 2946 295 ·3 296 ·0 296 ·7 297 ·4 298 ·0 298 ·7 2994 300·1

    491 492 493 494 495 496 497

    32 25 323 ,3 3240 324 7 325 ,5 32 6 2 3269 32 7 6 328 ,4 3 29 ,1

    3008 3014 302 1 302 ,8 3035 3042 304 ,9 305 5 306 ,2 306 9

    501

    510

    3664 367 1 367 9 368,6 3693 3 70 1 370,8 37 1 5 372-3 3730

    4Sa 499

    500

    395 7 3%4

    369 ,0

    3696

    39 7-'

    3703

    398 6

    371 0 371 7 372-4

    397 ·9

    399 ,3 400 -' 4008 40 1 ,5

    3731

    373 ,7

    402 ,2

    374 -4 375 1

    551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560

    403 ,0 4037 4044 405 2 405 9 406 6 407 4 408 1 408,8 409 6

    375 ,8 3765 3771 3778 378·5 379 ·2 379 ·9 380·6 381 ·2 381 ·9

    341 ·7 342 4 343 ·0 343 ·7 3444 345 ,1 3458 346 ,5 347 1 347 8

    561 562 563

    4103 41 1 0 411 ,8 412 5 413 ·2 4 13·9 4 14·7 4 15 4 4161 4 16 ,9

    382 ·6 383 ·3 384 ·0 384 ·6 385 ,3 3860 386 ,7 387 4 388 ,' 3887 3894 390 1 3908 39 1 5 392 1 3928 393 ,5 3942 394 ,9 39 5 6

    321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330

    234 ·8 235 ·5 236 ·2 237 0 237 ,7 238 4 239 2 2399 2406 24 1 3

    2189 2196 2203 221 ,0 22 1 6 2223 223 ·0 223 ·7 224 ·4 225 ·1

    381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390

    278 ·6 2794 2801 2808 281 6 282 ,3 2830 283 ,8 2845 28 5 2

    259 ,8 260 5 26 1 2 2619 2626 263 ,3 2639 26 4 6 2653 2660

    331 332 333 334

    24 2 1 242 8 243 ,5 2443 245,0 245 7 246 ·5 247 ·2 247 ·9 248 7

    225· 7 226 ·4 22 7 1 227 ·8 22 8· 5 2292 2298 2305 23 1 2 23 1 9

    391 392 393 395 395 397 398 399 400

    2860 286 , 7 28 7 4 288 ,2 288 9 289 ,6 290 3 291 1 291 8 292 ,5

    266 , 7 2673 2680 2687 2694 270 ,1 2708 271 ,4 27 2 1 27 2, 8

    451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 450

    3 299 3306 331 3 3320 332 8 3335 334 ·2 335 ·0 335 ·7 3364

    307 6 3083 308 9 309 ,6 310 3 31 1 0 311 7 3124 313 ,0 313 ·7

    511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520

    373 7 374 ·5 375 ·2 375 ·9 376 ·6 37 7 4 378·1 3788 3796 3803

    3485 349 2 3499 350 ,5 35 1 2 35 1 ,9 352 6 353 ,3 354 0 354 ·6

    571 572 573 57' 575 575 577 578 579 580

    4 176 4183 419 1 4198 420 ,5 421 3 422,0 422 7 4235 424 2

    347 348 349 350

    249 4 2501 2509 251 6 252 ,3 253 ·0 253·8 254 ·5 255 2 2560

    23 2,6 233 2 2339 234 ·6 235 ·3 236 ·0 2367 237 3 2380 238 7

    401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410

    293 ,3 2940 2947 295 ,5 29 6 2 2969 2977 2984 299 1 2999

    273, 5 2742 2748 275 ,5 2762 2769 2776 278 ·3 278 ·9 27 9· 6

    461 452 453 464 465 466 457 468 459 470

    3 37 2 3379 3386 3393 340·1 340 ,8 341 5 342 ·3 343 ·0 343 ·7

    3144 315 ·1 315 ·8 3164 317 ·1 317 ·8 318 ·5 319 ·2 319 ·9 320·5

    521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530

    381 ·0 381 ·8 382 ·5 383 ·2 384 ·0 384 7 385 4 386 '2 386 ,9 387 6

    355 ,3 356 0 356 7 357, 4 3580 358 , 7 3594 3601 360 ,8 361 ·5

    581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590

    4249 425 ,6 4 264 427 1 427 ,8 4286 429 3 4300 4308 43 1 5

    3962 396 ,9 3976 3983 3990 399 7 400,3 401 0 401 ,7 40 24

    351 352 353 364 355 356 357 359 359 360

    256 ,7 257 4 258 ,2 2589 2596 260·4 261·1 261 ·8 2626 2633

    2394 240,1 2407 2414 242 ·1 2428 2435 2442 244 ,8 24 55

    411 412 413 414 415 415

    300· 6 301 ·3 3020 302 ·8 303·5 3043 305 ·0 305 ·7 3064 307 ·2

    280·3 281 ·0 281 ·7 282 ·3 283 ·0 283 ·7 284 ·4 285 ,' 285 ·8 2864

    471

    344 ·5 345 ,2 3459 346,7 347 4 348 ,' 348 9 349 ,6 3503 35 1 ,0

    32 1 ·2 32 1·9 322 ·6 323·3 323-9 324 ·6 3253 326 ·0 326 ·7 327 ·4

    531 532 533 534 535 535 537 538 539 540

    3883 389 1 3898 390 5 391 3 392 ,0 392 7 393 ,5 3942 3949

    3621 362 ·8 363 ·5 364 ·2 364 ·9 3656 366 ,2 3669 3676 368 ,3

    591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 500

    432 2 4330 433 ,7 43 44 43 5 2 435 ,9 4366 437 ,3 438 ,1 438 ,8

    403 ,1 403 7 404 ,4 4051 405·8 406 ·5 407·2 407 ·8 408 ·5 409 ·2

    Dist.

    Dep. D. Lat . Dist.

    o. Lon

    Dep.

    335

    336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346

    313'

    ill-

    394

    417

    418 419 420 D Lon

    472

    473 474 475 476 477

    478 479 480

    Dec. D. Lat. Dist. Dep.

    D Lon

    502 503 504

    505 500 607 508 509

    564

    565 565 567 568 569 570

    Dec. D. Lat. Dist. Dec. D.Lat. Dist. Dep.

    D, .

    D. Lon

    v

    47 Degrees

    D. Lon

    ~ 133'

    Dec. D. Lat. D•.

    3h 08m

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    98

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYIN Terrestrial Sphero id

    M 0 1

    , ,• ,• ,• 3

    10 11

    " "" 13

    18 17 18 19

    .. . " " " " """

    41 '

    2686·24 2766·05 2847-13

    2704 ·75 2706·07 2707·40 2708·72 27 10·05 2711 ·38 2712· 70 2714 ·03 2715'36 2716·68 2718 {)1 2719·34 2720·67

    2722-00 Z12l-33 2724'66

    2728·65 2729-98

    39

    43

    " "" "

    50 53

    55 56

    .."" 57

    M

    2929-55 29.1093 2932-32 293:HI 2935-09 2936<. ?!JJ7'fn 2939-26

    45'

    46'

    47'

    3013·38 J096 -70 3185·59 3014·79 3 100·14 3187·05 3016 -20 3101·57 3188·51 3On61 3103-01 3189·97 J019-Q2 31(}H 4 3191-44 """<3 3105·88 319'2,90

    2698·13 zna·13 285940 29<12 ·03 3026-00 3111 ·63 2699-45 mg'47 ""'-77 294342 302750 3113 ·07 270(}78 2780·81 2862·14 2944·81 3028·91 3114·51 2702· 10 2782·16 ""' -50 2946·20 3030·.,32 3115·95 270.3042 2783·50 2864 -87 2947·59 3031·74 3117·39

    " ,." "'"

    ...... ..." ."

    44'

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    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    104

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    106

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    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYIN

    107

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    76·6 76·9 77·2 774 77·7

    76·3 76 ·6 76·8 77·1 774

    75·9 76·2 76·5 76·8 77·1

    75·6 75·9 76-2 76·5 76·8

    75·2 75·5 75·8 76·1 76·5

    74·9 75·2 75-5 75·8 76·1

    74-5 74·9 75·2 75·5 75·8

    74 ·2 74 ·5 74-8 75·2 75·5

    73-9 74·2 74·5 51 74·8 75·2 54

    50 80·2 ""5 67 80-7 51 8H 59 81·2

    79·9 79<> 79·' "'·2 79·9 79·5 ", "'·1 79·. 80·7 80·' 80-1 "'9 80·6 eo·.

    79<) 79·2 79·5 79·. "'·1

    78<> 78 ·9 79·2 79·5 79·.

    78·3 7.<> 78-9 79·2 79·5

    78-0 78·3 7.<> 78·9 79·2

    77-7 78·0 78·3 78·6 78·9

    77-. 77-7 78·0 78·3 78·6

    77-1 77-. 77·7 78·0 78·.

    76'8 77·1 77·' 77-7 78·1

    76·5 76·1 75·. 76·8 76·5 76·2 71-1 76·8 76-5 77-5 77·2 76·9 77-. 77-5 77-2

    75·5 75-9 76·2 76<> 77-0

    OD 81-5 81·7 82·0 82·2 82·5

    81·2 81·5 8H 82·0 82·,

    80·. 80·6 80·9 81·2 81·5

    80·1 80·4 80·7 81 ,0 81·3

    79·8 80·1 80·4 807 81 -0

    79·5 79·8 80·1 80·5 80.

    79·2 7% 79·9 80·2 80·5

    79·0 79·3 79·6 80·0 80·'

    78·7 79·0 79·4 79·7 80,]

    78·4 78·8 79·1 79·5 79·8

    78·1 78·5 78·8 79·2 79·6

    77-9 78·2 78·6 79·0 79·3

    77-6 78·0 78·3 78·7 79·1

    n3

    ."•

    82·5 82·, 82·. 83·1 82·9 834 83·2

    80·9 80·6 804 81·2 80·. 81·6 81·3 8H 8B 8H 81·5

    "" 2 80·5 80·9 81 ·3

    79·9 ",., 80·7 8H

    79·7 80·1 eo'5 80·.

    79·5 79·2 56 79·9 79 6 80·2 8O~ 80·6 804 58

    01

    82·. 83·0 83·' .3<>

    78·0 78·' 78·5 78·.

    .•

    ~

    ± 8 _ -30' -31 '

    c

    I '38'

    AZIMUTHS

    n ·. 71·3 72'0 72·3 72·5 72·.

    '31 '

    80·9 81·2 81-5 8H

    80·6 80·9 81·2 81·5 81·8

    .,..

    82·1 8] .• 8106 81·3 8 H 824 82·1 81 ·9 8H 82·7 824 82·2 82·0 81-8 83·0 82·7 82'5 82·' 82·1

    82·.

    .,.'

    .14

    '33'

    '34'

    .,.'

    '31'

    'JT'

    n.

    .,~

    .,.'

    n '5

    ..,.

    .... .. ... " "

    77-7 78·1 78·5 78·8

    50 50

    ., 51

    .".. .." 51

    ." j

    '3t'

    '40'

    '41'

    '42'

    '43'

    .... ' '45'_ A±

    A & B s ame NameS} RULE TO FIND { A & B D ifferent names take um . ( add) . C CORREC TI ON take ifference (S ub.) C CORREC TI ON . (A t B) is na med t he same as the greater of th ese qua ntities_ AZIMUTH ta kes combined names of C Correction and Hour Angle

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    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYINIZ

    414

    TABLE C ±a _ ·80' ·82'

    ,84'

    ....

    A & 8 OORRECTION

    ·88'

    ' 70'

    , 72'

    ·74'

    ,71'

    ·78'

    ·80'

    ·82'

    ... .... ·as'

    r

    . . . . . .AZIMUTHS . . . . . • . ,.., ".• "., ,.. ,.., "., ".• "., "

    ~

    0 59·0 57·4 56·6 5 59·1 ",3 57·5 56·7 57-8 57·0 \0 :>9 ·4 59·8 59 ·0 57·4 18 60·3 ')9·5 "'7 57·9

    20 60·6 59·8 59·0 22 60·' 60·1 59·3 24 61·3 60·5 59·7 61 ·7 60' 60·1 21 62·1 61·3 60·5

    "

    SS'8 55·' 56·' 56·. 5H

    54·' "·5 52 ·8 52·0 51-3 54·3 52·9 52·2 51·5 54·7 52'5 51·8 55·1 54'3 52·9 52·2 55·6 54·, 54·1 52·7

    58·' 57·4 56,7 55·9 58·5 57·8 57·0 56·3 589 58·' 57·4 56·7 59·3 58·. 57·8 57·1 59·8 59-0 58·3 57·6

    •

    r ~

    . . . .

    SO·6 SO'O 49-3 SO'8 SO'1 49-4 51 -1 SO·, 49·7 51·5 SO·8 SO·, 52·1 51·4 SO·7

    48·7 48 -0

    0

    48·8 48· 1 5 49-1 48·' \0 49·5 48·9

    14

    SO·1 49·4

    " " ,. ,. ".. ,. ,. '" "., "'"

    55·2 54·5 53·8 53·1 52·4 51·7 51-1 55·5 54·8 54>1 53-4 52·8 52·1 51-4 55·9 55·2 545 53·8 52·5 51 ·8 52·9 52·3 SS" 55,0 54 3 568 56-[ 55-4 548 54·1 53·4 52·8

    :0·4 49·8 SO'8 50·2 22 51·2 SO'6 24

    "., "., ".,

    52·7 52·1 31 " ·0 SJ3 52·7 32 "·6 " ·0 33 53·9 "·3

    "., ".

    ,..,

    51 ·7 51·0 21

    52·' 51·5

    59·5 59·8 600 60·3 60·6

    ",8 ,,·1 57-3 56·. 59·0 " ,3 57·6 56·, 59·3 58·. s7·9 57·2 59·6 57·5 59·9 59·2 " ,5 57·8

    56·0 56·' 56·5 56·8

    35 63-8 63·1 62·3 61·6 60·9 63·' 62·6 61'9 61·2 37 ,,-4 63,' 62·' ",., 61·5 38 54·0 63·' "'·5 61·8 65·0 "·3 63·. 62·8 62·1

    60·' 59·5 58·8 58·1 60·5 59·8 59·1 60·8 60·1 59·4 ",7 61-1 60·' 59·a 59'1 61·5 60·8 60·1 59·4

    57 ·4 56·8 56·1 55·5 54·8 542 SJ·' 35 57 ·7 57 ·1 55·a 55·2 54. ",1 5N 568 ,,·1 55·5 54·9 "·3 37 58·' 57·a 57·1 56·5 55' SS·3 58·8 58·1 57·5 56·9 56·2 55-6 550

    62·5 61·8 62·8 62·0 32 C3'0 62·3 33 63-3 62·5 34 6H 62·8

    " 31

    61 -0 60·' 61'3 60 5 61·5 60·8 61·8 61·0 62·1 61·3

    .... " ".,

    .." " .• .."" ..., "., ..." ..., .... . ..., .. , "" .." 45

    50

    .. ·3 6706 68·1 69·7 159'1 .. ·5 70·1 69·5 68'

    60·5 59·8 59·1 60·8 60·2 59·5 61·2 60·5 59·9 61·6 60·' 60·3 62-0 61·3 60,'

    71·0 70 ·4 69·8 71·5 70 ·9 70·3 57 71 ·9 71-3 70 ·8 58 72-' 71-8 71 ·3 51 12·8 72-3 11·8

    ".,

    "., "., ....

    67'0 67·4 ,,·8 67·9 67·3 68' 67·7

    69·3 69·7 70·2 70·7 71 ·2

    ....

    .1-4, ".

    .. ·7 ..·1 67·6 67·0 68·6 ,,·1 67·5 69·1 68·6 .. ·0 69'6 69 ·1 68·'

    69·2 69·7 70·2 70·7

    73·,3 12·8 72·3 71-7 71·2 70·7 70·2 69·7 69·2

    71 ·8 72·3 72-8 73·4

    71·3 70·8 70·3 69 ·8 11·8 71·3 70·8 70·4 72·4 71·9 71· 4 71 ·0 72·9 725 '12 ·0 71-6

    75·8 75·3 74·9 74-4 76-3 75·8 75·4 75-0 8T 76·8 76·4 76 ·0 75·5 68 ,7-3 76·9 76·5 76·1

    74 ·0 74 ·5 75·1 75·7

    73·5 74·1 74 ·7 75·3

    73-1 73·7 74-3 74·9

    "

    ...

    ' 70'

    -72 '

    73-8 74·3 74 ·8 75·3

    73·3 73-8 74·3 74·8

    ~

    ±B_ ·6Q'

    -12'

    72-8 73·3 73·8 74·3

    ...

    ·18'

    ..., 69·3 69·9 70·5 71-1

    ,..,

    '71'

    ,11'

    .."

    58· 7 58·1 57·6 45 59·1 58·. 58·0

    59·6 59<> " ,5 60·1 59·5 58·, 60·' 60·0 59 ·4

    (2-8 62·2 61 ·6 GH 60·5 62·7 62-1 61·6 61-0 63·8 63·2 62·7 62·1 61·6 62·1 "·3 63·7 6'" &H 64-3 63,' 63·' 62·6

    .,.•

    63·'

    .. ca

    600 50 60·5 H-C 51 61·6 62·1

    ,, ·3 63,' 63·' .... , ,, ·3 ,,·4 63·8 65·4

    ."" ... .

    62·' SS 6'" 63·, 51 " ·9 .. ·0 65·5 65<> ,,·S 66·6 661 65·. 65·1

    .. , ..

    68·' 67 ·7 67 ·2 66' 663 658 00 "·8 68·3 67 ·8 67·4 .. 9 66·' 69-4 68·' 68·S 68·0 67-6 67·1 67·8 13 70·0 69·6 69·1 68·7 70·7 70·2 69·8 69·3 68·9 ,,·5 M

    72& 72-2 71 ·8 71·3 70·9 73·2 72·8 72·4 72·0 71 ·6 73 ·9 73·5 73-1 12-6 72·2 74·5 74·1 73·7 73·3 72·, -14'

    .... .

    58·5 57·9 57·2 56·. 56-0 55·' 58·' 57-6 57-0 56' 55·8 59·3 58·6 " ,0 57·4 568 56·' 59·7 59-0 57·a 57·2 56·6 43 60·1 59·5 58·9 583 57·7 57.'

    66' 65' 65·4 " ·8 67·0 66·' 65·' 65·4 67·5 67·0 .. ·5 65·' .. ·1 67·5 67·0 "·5 70·2 69·7 59·1 68·6 .. ·1 67·6 67-1

    12·3 12·8 73·3 73·9

    03

    ,..,

    .,.•

    658 65·2 ,,·6 64-0 63 4 66·2 65 ·6 65·0 ,,-4 63' 66,' .. ·1 65·5 ,,·9 67-2 "·0 65-4 70·6 70·0 69·4 68·8 68·2 67·6 67-1 665 65·, 65·4

    ""

    61

    ,..,

    67-0 ..·3 65,' 65·0 ,,·3 ",7 630 62·' 61·7 6B 60·5 59·9 59·3 67·4 ..0 65·• "·1 63·. 62·8 62·' 61·5 60·, 60·3 59·7 67·7 67·1 65·8 65·1 "·5 63·8 63·' "" 0 61·4 6<}8 60·' ..·1 67·5 " ·8 .. ·2 65·5 "·3 63-7 " ,0 62·4 61·8 61·2 60,' ..·5 67·9 67 ·2 " ·6 "·0 65·3 6B 62·9 ",., 61 ·7 61-1

    6N

    .. .." .."

    ,..•

    61 ·1 61·5 61·9 62·2 .. 0 65'3 "·6 63·' 63·3 62·6

    ".,

    55·3 546 "·0 "·3 55·, " ·6 55·8 55·2 54·5 56·1 55·5 "·8 54·2 57·1 56-4 55·8 55· 1 54·5

    ,.., ,..,

    63·' 63·2 62·5 61·8 65-6 64' 64·' 63·5 62·8 62'2 ,,·0 65'3 oH 63' 6'" 62·5 ,,·2 63·' 62·9 " ·3 65 ·6 65·3

    41

    c

    55·0 SS I SS , SS·8 ",3

    ·90 ' ''' A.j:

    ·so·

    ,12'

    70-5 71-1 71·8 72·5

    70·0 70·7 71·4 72·1

    69·6 70 ·3 71-0 71·8

    ... .... .".

    69-2 69·9 70·6 71·4

    .... .." j

    'SO "= A :!:

    A & B s ame NameS } RULE TO FIN D { A & B D ifferent names lake urn. (add ) C CORRECTION t ake Iflerence(Sub_) C CORRECTION , (A 7 B ) is named Ihe same as the greater of these quantities . AZIMUTH take s combined names of C Correction and Hour Angle

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    431

    ,

    TRUE AMPLITUDES Declination

    r

    0

    2 4

    ••

    10

    -

    12 14 16 16

    ... "

    22

    28 30 31

    "

    33 34 35 36 37 36 39 40

    41

    42 43 44 45 46

    47 48 49

    50

    26'

    26f 27'

    27t' 28' 2Bt'

    25-5 25-6 25-7 25-8 25-9

    26·0 26-1 26 -2 26-' 26-4

    26-5 26·6 26-7 268 26-9

    27-0 2N 27·2 27·3 27·5

    27·5 27·6 27·7

    26·1 26-3 26·6 26'9 27·3

    26-6 26-9 27·1 27·5 27·8

    ~H

    2N

    27-4 27-7 28-0 28-'

    27-9 28-2 28·5 28-9

    27-7 28-1 28-6 29-2 29-8 30-1 30-5 30·9 31·3 31·7'

    31-1 31·5 31·9

    25t'

    •

    . . .

    28-0

    28-5 28-6 28-7 28·8 29-0

    29-0 29-1 29-2 29-' 29-5

    28-2 28-4 28-7 29-0 29-4

    28-7 28-9 29-2 29-6 30-0

    29-2 29-5 29-8 30-1 30-5

    29-7 300 30·3 30-7 31-1

    28·2 28-7 29-2 29-8 30-4

    28-8 29-3 29-9 29-2 29-8 30-4 29-8 .30'3) 30-9 30-4 30-9 :)1-5 31·0 31-6 "-2

    304 30-9 31·5

    31·0 31·5 32·1 32·7

    31·5 32·1

    30-8

    31-4 31-7 32·1 32·6 "-0

    "-0 " -8 "-2 "-7

    "-8

    "-5 "-0 "-5 35-0 35·6

    "-I " -6 35-2 35-8

    "-8 35·3 35·9 36-5

    36-2 36-9 37·6

    37·7 ,,-4 39·2 39·9 40-8

    " -5 39·2 39·9 40-7

    39·1

    37·0 37·7 "-4 39·2 39·9

    41'6

    41·6 42·4

    ,,-,

    400 40-9 41·8 42·9 44-0

    40·8 41·7 42·7 43,8 44-9

    41·7 42·6 43·6 44-7 45·9

    42·5 "-5 44-5 45·7 46-9

    43·4 44-' 45·5 46·7 47·9

    44-' 45·3 46-4 41·7 49-0

    45·5 46-2 46·8 47·5 48-2

    t'-5 7-2 47·9 48-' 49·3

    47·6 48-2 49·0 49·7 SO-5

    48-' 49·3

    so-,

    SO-8 51·6

    51·2 52·0 52·8

    49-0

    SO-I SO-9 51·8 52·7 53<6

    51·3 52·1 53-0 53'9 54-9

    565 57·7

    56-0 57-1 58-' 59·6 60-7

    57 4

    55-'

    54-' 55·7 568 58-0 59·2

    58·9

    60-'

    62 ·4 64·0 " -7 67·7 69·9

    64-2 66-0 57·9 70·1 72·6

    66-2 681 70·3

    72·4 75·5 79·7 900

    75·7 79 ·8 900

    79·9 90-0

    32-' 33·3 "-8

    "-2

    "-9

    "-8 35-4 36-1 36-8 37·5

    35-5 36-2 36-8 37-5

    32·8

    ,,-, ,,-,

    39-1 40-0 41·0 42·0

    JH

    40-0 40-9 41-9

    4J-O

    ,,-,

    36-'

    52 521

    44-4

    45-4

    45·0

    46-0

    53 53, 54 54,

    45·7 46·4 47·1 47·8 48·6

    46_7 47·5 48-2 49-0 49·8

    47·9 48·6 49·4 SO-2 51-1

    so-' 51·4

    55, 49·5

    SO-7 51·6 52·6 53'6 54 ·7

    52-0 52·9

    51·3 52·2 53·2

    53·3 54-'

    54 ·3 55·5 56-7 58-0 59-4

    55·8 57·0 58' 59·7 61·2

    51<4

    61·0 62·6 64-5 "-2 68-8

    62·9 647 " -7 69·0 71 ·7

    "51, 55

    56 56, 57 57,

    58 58, 59

    '91 GO

    GO, 61

    611 62

    62,

    42·6 43·2 43·8

    ,,-, ,,-,

    so-,

    44-2 44-8

    53'9

    55 ·0 56-I

    58-6 600 61·5 032 65·0 67-0 69·3 71'9

    75·1

    27·8

    49·8

    52·3

    GIJ-'

    32-1

    32·8

    '"

    J4·2 34·7 35·1 35·6

    35·5 36,0 36·6 37·2 37·8

    36-1 36-7 37·3 37·9 "-5

    36-8 37·4 "-0

    In

    40-0 40-7 41·5 42-4

    62·1

    61·8 "-4 65-2

    "-7 65 -5 67·4

    67·2 69·4 72 ·1 75·2 19-5

    69·7 72·3 75·4

    79·6 90-0

    40-7

    so-o 52·5 53-3

    54-' 55-'

    56-' 58-6 59·8 61·2 62·6

    -

    , 0

    10

    15 20

    25 30

    35 40

    42

    " ""so

    i 33·8

    39·9

    0

    "-5 "-9 35-'

    3,)<2

    33·6 "-0 34·5 35·0

    35·8

    36-'

    '"

    39·3

    49·7

    537 546 55·6 56-6 57·7 58-9 601 61·4 62·9 65-0

    ne

    75 ·8

    -

    Declination

    r

    44 46 48 50

    32-6

    32-6

    3H

    ,

    ,,-, ,4-1

    "-0

    ,,-, ,,-, ,,-,

    44-5 45·2 45·8 46·4 47·1

    50,

    . . .

    28-0 28-1 28·2 28-' 28-5

    32-2 32·6 "-I

    ,,-,

    ,

    29'

    Amplitude Corrections

    54

    62

    0' ,

    5' 0

    10' IS' 20' 25' , • •

    .

    0-0 0-0 0-1 0 -1 0-1 0-1 0-2 0 -2 0-2 . 0,2

    0-0 0-1 0-1 0-2 0-2

    0-0 0-1 0-1 0-2 0-2

    0-' 0-' 0-' 0-5 0-6

    0 -' 0-4 0-5 0-6 06

    0-' 0-' 0-5 06 0-6

    O~3

    0-4 0-5 0-6 0-6

    0-' 0-7 0-7 0-8 0-8

    06 0-7 0-8 08 0-9

    0-7 0-7 0 -8 0-8 0-9

    0-7 0-7 0 -8 0-9 0-9

    0-9 0-9 1-0 I-I 1-2

    0-9 0-9 1-0 1-2 1-2

    10 1-0

    1-0 1-0 1-2 1-' 1-4

    1-1

    1-2 1-'

    0-0 0-1 0-1 0-2

    Or

    0-0 0-1 0-1 0-2 0-'

    --'o~. .0-3) 0-' 0-5 0-6 0-7

    0-4 0-5 0-7 0-7

    0-7 0-8 0-9 0-9 1-0

    0-7 0-8 0-9 1-0 I-I

    I-I

    1-' 1 -5 1-7 2-1 2-9

    1,2

    1-' 1-5 1-8

    COMPASS ERROR BY AMPLITUDE The tru e amplitudes given in the main table are calculated for the instant when the true altitude of the body is precisely 0' 00'. In the CMe of the sun (owing to the effech of dip, relraction and parallax) the lower limb at this instant will appear to be approximately half a diameter above the visible horizon. If the compass bearing is taken at that moment there will be no need to apply any correction. However, should the bearing be observed when the sun's centre appears to be in the visible horizon, correction obta ined from subsidiary table should b e 7fplied by being added to the observe azimuth reckoned from th e elevated pole as shown in the exa.mple below. (ut. 62' N., decL 20' S.). S_ 41°·5 E. Obs'd. Azi. ' N. 138°·5 E. From clcv. pole + 1",8 Con'n. N. 140" .'3 E. Som Corr'd. obs'd. Amp. E. 50°'3 S. T. Amp. from table E_ 4\>"·8 S. 3°·5 W . Comp. Error Observations of rising or setting stars and planets are seldom prac· ticable but. if obtained, should be treated in the !lame way as those of the sun's centre. In the cas<: of the moon that body will be approximately one-third of a degree below the horizon at the moment whe n its t rue altitude i, 0" 00'. If observed when its centre appears in the visible horizon, twothirds of the correction from subsidiary table should be subtracted from t he observed azimuth reckoned from the ele'-ated pole .

    ,h,

    ,h,

    'h,

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYINIZ

    439

    EX-MERIDIAN TABLE I Latitude and Declination DIFFERENT NAME Cha nge of Alt itud e in one minute from Meridian Passage : A

    , r

    .

    15"

    " 0 1 2 3 4 5 G 7 8

    , 10

    11 12 13 14 15 lG 17 18 19 20

    21 22

    23

    "26

    25

    27

    28 29 30 31 32 33 34

    35 36 37 38 39 40

    41 42

    43 44

    45 46 47 48 49 50 51

    52 .3

    .. 54

    55 57

    58 59 60

    7.3 G.' 6 .5 6 .1 '.8

    .

    lG"

    3~

    3~

    4 .7 4 .• 4.4 4 .2 4 .0 3.' 3.8

    3.8 3.7 3.6

    3.8 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3. 1 3.0 2.' 2.'

    3.G 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3. 1 3.0 2.' 2.' 2.8

    3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.' 2.' 2.8 2.7

    3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.' 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.G

    3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.' 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.6

    3.2 3.1 3.0 2.' 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.'

    3.1 3.0 2.' 2 .8 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.' 2.' 2.4

    3.0 2.' 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.'

    2.8 2.8 2 .7 2.6 25 25 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2

    2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.5 2. 4 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2

    2.7 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2 .2 2 .2 2 .1

    2.6 2.G 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1

    2.G 2.' 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 2. 1 2 .0

    2.' 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0

    2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2 .1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0

    2A 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0

    2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0

    2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 2 .0

    2.1 2.1 2 .0 2.0

    2. 1 2.0 2.0

    2.0 2.0

    2.0

    2.0

    I.' I.' 1.8

    4.2 4.1 3.' 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1

    4 .1 3.' 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3. 1 3.0

    3.' 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3. 1 3.0 2.'

    3.0 2 .' 2.8

    2.' 2 .8 2.8 2.7 2 ." 25 2." 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2. 1 2.0 2.0

    1.8 1.8 1 .7 1.7 1.6 1.6

    1.7 1 .7 1.6 1.6

    I.' I.' I..

    I.' I..

    1.4 1.4 1.3

    1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

    1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0

    1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0

    26" 4 .0

    '.3 '.0 4 .8 4 .6 4.4

    1.8 1.8 1.7

    25"

    4 .2 4 .1

    .2 5.0 4.8 4 .• 4 .4 4.2 4 .1

    I.' I.,

    ,,"

    4 .4 4 .2 4 .1

    ••• ••• •••

    I.. I..

    23"

    4 .G 4.4 4 .3 4.1 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3

    '.2 5.0 4 .8 4 .6 4.4 4. 2

    2.3 22 2. 1 2.1 2.0 2.0

    22"

    4 .' 4.7 4.' 4.3 4.1 4.0 3.' 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4

    '.2 5.0 4 .8 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.1 3.'

    2.7 2." 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3

    ,,"

    - - . . - - -

    20"

    ' .1 4 .' 4.7 4.' 4.3 4.2 4.0 3.' 3.7 3.6 3.'

    G.O '.7

    ,.

    ,," .

    ' .4 '.1 4 .' 4 .7 4.5 4.3 4.2 4.0 3.' 3.8 3.6

    G.4 6. 1 .2

    5.5 -

    G.8 G.' 6 .1 5 .8

    ,". ,.-.

    DECLINATION

    I.' I.' 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7

    I." 1.6 I.. I.' I.' 1.4

    I.' I.' 1.8

    5.7 ' .4 '.2 4~

    I.' I.' 1.8

    1.8 1.7 1.7

    1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7

    1.6 1.6 1.6

    1.6 1.6

    I.. I.' 1.4

    I.' I.' I.. 1.4

    lA

    1.4 1.3 1.3

    1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3

    1.4 1.3 1 .3

    1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0

    1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 11 11 11 1.0 1.0 1.0

    1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 11 11 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 .'

    I.. I.' 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5

    I..

    I.' I.' I.. I.. 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6

    I." 1.5 I.' I..

    I.' I.' 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6

    1.5 1.5

    I.' 1.4

    1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5

    3.8 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2

    I.' I.' 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6

    I.' 1.5

    I.' 1.4

    I.' 1.4

    1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

    1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2

    1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2

    1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2

    1.2 1.2 1.2 11 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0

    1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0

    O~

    O~

    1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 .'

    1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.' 0.'

    1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.' 0.'

    1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3

    3A 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.1

    2A

    2.4

    I.. I..

    1.8 1.8

    I.'

    1.7 1.7

    I." 1.6 1.6 1.5

    I.' I.' 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2

    1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 .'

    .

    27"

    .

    28"

    29"

    30"

    - -

    3.8 3.6 3.5 34 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.0

    3.' 3.7 3.6 3.' 3.4 3.3 3.2 3. 1 3.0 2.' 2.'

    3.7 3.6 3.' 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.' 2.' 2.8

    3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2 3. 1 3.0 2.' 2.8 2.8 2.7

    3.4 3.3 3.2 3. 1 3.0 3.0 2.' 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6

    2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.' 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.3

    2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.6 2.' 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3

    2.7 2.G 2.6 2 .• 2.5

    2.6 2.G 2.5

    2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1

    2.3 2. 2 2.2 2. 1 21 2.0 2.0

    2.2 2 .2 2.1 2.1 2 .0 2.0

    3~

    I., I..

    I., I., I..

    2A 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2. 1 2.1 2.0 2.0

    I., I.' I.' 1.8

    1.8

    1.8

    1.8

    1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6

    1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7

    1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6

    I." 1.6

    I.' I.' I.'

    I.' I.' 1.6

    I." I.' I.' I.' 1.4

    1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2

    1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

    1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 .'

    1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    1.8

    2A

    2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2. 1 2. 1 2. 1 2.0 2.0

    I.' I.. I..

    12 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6

    I." I." I.' 1.5 I.' 1.4

    2.0 2.0 2.0

    .: "

    0 1 2 3 4

    •• 7 8

    •

    10

    11 12 13

    14 15 16

    17 18 19 20

    "

    22

    23

    I.. I.' I.,

    24

    1.8 12 1.7 1.7

    27

    1.7

    I." 1.6 I." 1.5

    lA

    1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4

    1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

    1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

    1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1

    1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0

    1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0

    1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    25 26

    26 29 30 31 32 33 34

    35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

    43 44

    45 46 47 48

    4.

    50 51

    52 53

    .. 54

    55

    57 58 59 60

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYINIZ

    444

    EX-MERIDIAN TABLE 11 Reduct ion Plus 10 True AUi wde a l Upper Transit HOU R ANGLE

    A

    · , •• I 2

    • T

    ••

    A

    · , •• •T •• 1 2

    A

    ·

    ,, •• • 1

    T

    •• A

    1"

    o· s' 0"

    O· 15'

    0" '"

    O· 25'

    0" 30'

    359°,5,'/ 359 o$O ]5'· "5' 359''40 )59' 3,';' 359°30 Q

    ,

    ,

    ,

    O~

    0-0

    0-0

    O~

    O~ O~ O~

    O~ O~

    0-0 0-0

    0-' 0-1 0-1

    0-0 0-0 0-' 0-' 0-' 0-1 0 -1 0-' 0-2

    0-1 0-1 0-' 0 -1 0-2 0-2 0-2 0-'

    , . S'

    1° 10'

    1° Ni'

    ,°20'

    ~ O~

    0-0 ~

    O~

    a· 3 ,j'

    0" t o'

    JSr2.~'

    359"20 ' lS9"J,j' 359°.10' 35'· 6' 359· 0'

    a·

    IS '

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    0-0 0-1 0-1 0-2 0-2

    0-1 0-1 0-2 0-' 0-' 04 0-' 0-'

    0-1 0-2 0-' 04 0-' 0-'

    0-1 0-2 04 0-'

    0-2 0-' 0-'

    O~

    0-.

    O-g

    0-7 0-8

    0-7 0 -. 0-' I -I

    H ' -2 '4

    H 1-' 1-' 1-7

    ' · 35'

    ' " 10'

    , " 4//

    IQ50'

    0-, 0-,

    04 04

    ' " 2S'

    O~

    1° 30'

    O~

    0-'

    O~

    0-' 1-2 ,~

    ,

    ,

    04 0-7 H 14

    '"

    2-2 2-5 2-'

    1-' 2-2 2-' 2-8

    3-3

    2° 5'

    2° 10'

    ,

    ,

    0 -' 0 -' 1-5

    0-5 H

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    O~

    0-7 1-' 2-2 '-0

    0-.

    1-7

    ,..

    ,-, ,,-,. .., ,-.

    24 ,-0 '-6 ' -2 ,-8 '4

    0-7 1-' 2-0 2-7 '4 4-0 4-7 54 '-0

    2' 30'

    1° JS'

    04 0-. 1-3

    1-7 2-l 2-5 2~

    24 2-'

    2-2 2-7 ' -2

    3-3

    3-7

    1~

    J.8

    2" J{/

    2° 20'

    2' 2.>'

    1 -2

    3-7

    44 ' -2 5 -' 6-7 1° 10'

    ,

    0-' 0-' 0-8 H

    1-. 2-0

    H 1-' 2-1 24

    , . /;5'

    l~

    I~

    ,

    , 3 ·5 4-7

    5-8 6-' 8-1 '-2

    1-' 2-5 ' -8 5-0

    .-, 7-5 8-8

    14

    2-7 4-l 54 .-8 8 -1 ' -5

    .

    1-5 2-' 44 5-8 7-J 8 -7

    .

    1-7

    H '-7 ' -2 7-8

    3-3

    .-,

    10·2

    10~

    12·5

    1H ) " 25'

    10·4

    10·0 11·3

    12·2

    n·6 13 -1

    ) " 5'

    ) 010'

    ) 0 U(

    J0 20'

    10·8

    , 1~

    , -0 '-7 8-' 10-0

    ... ,

    358 &' 358' 0'

    ' -5 5 -'

    2-5

    4-1

    5 -7 6-' 7-'

    1-8 2-7 H ' -5

    3-0 H 4-'

    '6-'4

    .~

    7-8 .-8

    7-l

    .-1

    r

    SO'

    l~

    /i.';'

    7-l

    .~

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,-.

    2-0 ' -0 6-1 8 -'

    2-1 '-2 6-5

    2-' ' -5

    5-7 H '-5 114 13-,

    I -I 2-1

    1

    3-2

    3

    5 -' 64 7-' . -5 H

    T

    JOO'

    8~

    13~

    27-1

    16'1 18 ·2

    15·8 18·1

    20-5

    16-8 19·2 21·6

    1" ,11/'

    1" I.;'

    ) " 5IJ'

    ) . ,;.'j'

    ~O'

    l e 3 . ;'

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    .

    7-l

    '0-8 144

    11 ·3

    12 ·5

    3-J '-5 .-8 13-1

    .-8

    11 ·9

    H ' -2 '4

    10·3

    10·7 134

    2-' 5 -' 8 -'

    ,~

    '''' 17-8

    15~

    16·3 19·6

    17~

    18·8

    T

    10 ·1 12·7 15 ·2 17·7

    2-8 H . -5 11 -3

    3-5

    3

    2-7 5-' 8-0

    20-'

    22-.

    '6-0

    18·7 21·4

    24-1

    22-5 ,,-,

    20-7 23-7

    26·7

    18·7 21 ·8

    2.... 28-0

    22-'

    26 -' 29-4

    ,

    , J-8 7 -5 15-0

    22-5 21-' ,,-1 26-' 28-7

    30-. ,,-, Z/4

    ••

    14 ·9 17·1 19·3

    1S'C.:i5' )56"60 )56°46' 356°10' )56"3.:i' 156°30 156°t ,s' 356"20 ' )S'0 l ,s' )56"11)'

    14-1 16 ·9 19 ·7

    7-2

    H 12-0 144

    10-7

    1" 30'

    13-7 IN 20-5 24-0

    ' -1 114

    ,-. ,•

    12-8

    15·0

    13-'

    .~

    3O~

    33-8

    .

    4-0 7-8 U-8 15-7 1%

    23-'

    Z/-' 31·3

    35-'

    )560

    6' 1S" 0'

    , 4-l

    4-J

    .~

    8-5 12-8

    I'~

    17·1

    12-'

    2O~

    24-5 28-7 "-7

    ·

    1

    10-1

    15-1

    n '7

    ,

    A

    24

    12-1 14-1

    10·7 12 ·5 14 ·2 16 ·0

    A

    ,· .., • •• ,-. •• 1-0 1-'

    , B

    I 2 3

    0'

    0

    U P S';' 15T'.)Q 1ST'"s' JSJO.,o 357"35' 357"JO' 357"26' 357":1(1 357° I;;' 357"10' 157" .,,' 3570 0'

    1-2 2-'

    A

    ,

    ,-, ,-.

    ,

    ••

    ,

    0-2 04 0-7

    H

    O.

    1~

    1° 4::"

    1(1

    '""

    · O-g • ,-, ,-, T•• ••

    O~

    358°6.:;' 358°50 358""5' JSS· ,,/)' JSB oJS' 35& °30' ]SS"'?';' 358°20' 358' 15' 3580

    ,

    O· ,M '

    0-2 04 0-6 0-7

    O~

    2-5 ' -I 7-6

    · • ••• 1

    0" 5<1'

    21-' 2H 29-'

    " -I

    36-' 38-'

    •T ••

    A

    ·

    1

    ,•

    •• • •• T

    Reduction Minu s 10 Tru e Altitude a l l ower Transit

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYINIZ

    448

    EX-MERIDIAN TABLE III Second Correction Subtractive from First Correction

    ,,'

    30'

    35"

    40'

    ,

    ..

    '

    .0'

    .3'

    56'

    0.0 0.0 0. 1 0.1 0. 1

    0.0 0. 1 0 .1 0.1 0.2

    0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

    0 .0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3

    0.0 0 .1 0.2 0.2 0.3

    0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4

    0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4

    0.1 0 .2 0 .3 0.3 0.4

    0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.'

    0. 1 0 .1 0 .1 0.2 0 .2

    0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

    0 .3 0.3 0.4 0 .4 0.'

    0 .3 0 .4 0.4 0.' 0 .•

    0.4 0 .4 0.' 0 .• 0 .7

    0.4 0 .' 0 .• 0 .7 0.'

    0 .' 0 .• 0.7 0 .8 0.'

    0 .' 0 .7 0.7 0.' 1.1

    93

    0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

    0.' 0.' 0.6 0.7 0.7

    0 .• 0.7 0.7 0 .8 0.'

    0.7 0 .8 0.' 1.0 1.1

    0.8 0.' 1.1 1.2 1.3

    1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5

    1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6

    .6 99 102 105 106

    0.4 0.4 0.4 0.' 0.'

    0.8 0.8 0.' 0.' 1.0

    0.' 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2

    1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.'

    1.3 1.4 1.' 1 .• 1.7

    111 114

    0 .5 0.' 0 .' 0.6 0.6

    1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3

    1.3 1.3 1.4 1.' 1.'

    1.5 1.. 1.7 1.8 1.8

    0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0 .7 0.8

    1.3 1,4 1.' 1.5 1.6 1.7

    1.6

    1.. 2.0 2. 1 2.2 2.3 2,4

    First

    Corr 15

    30 35 40 45 50

    55 .0

    ••70 75 80 8' 90

    117

    120 123 126 129 132

    135

    138 141

    ,

    1.7 1.8 1.' 1.' 2.0

    .. .,. ..

    Altit ude

    FirSI Corr

    '

    .8'

    ,,' ,,', ,,'

    0.1 0.2 0 .3 0.4 0.6

    0. 1 0.3 0.4 0.' 0.6

    0.1 0.3 0 .4 0 .• 0.7

    0.1 0 .4 0.' 0.7 0.'

    0.1 0.' 0.6 0.8 1.0

    0. 1 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.3

    0.2 0.7 1.0 1.3 1.7

    35 40 45

    0.6 0.7 0 .' 1.0 1.2

    0 .7 0 .8 1.0 1.2 1.3

    0 .8 0.' 1.1 1.3 1.'

    0.' 1.1 1.3 1.' 1.8

    1.1 1.3 1.' 1.8 2. 1

    1.3 1.. 1.8 2.1 2.'

    1 .• 1.' 2.3 2. 7 3. 1

    2.1 2.' 3.0 3.' 4.0

    55 60 55 70

    1.7

    1.2 1.4 1.. 1.8 1..

    1.4 1 .• 1.8 2.0 2.1

    1.' 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4

    1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.7

    2.0 2.3 2.6 2.' 3. 1

    2.4 2.7 3.1 3.4 3.7

    2.' 3.3 3.7 4 .1 4.4

    3.6 4.0 4.' 5.1 5.6

    4 .• 6.3 6.0 6.7 7. 1

    1.. 1.7 1.8 1.' 2.0

    1.8 1.' 2.0 2.1 2.3

    2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.'

    2.2 2.4 2.' 2.7 2.8

    2.5 2.7 2.' 3.0 3.2

    2.' 3. 1 3.2 3.' 3 .•

    3.3 3.' 3.7 4.0 4 .2

    3.' 4 .1 4.4 ' .7

    4.7 5.0 5.3

    5.8 • .2

    7.• 8. 1 8.6 '.1

    1.8 1.' 2.0 2.1 2.2

    2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6

    2.4 2.' 2 .• 2.8 2.'

    2.7 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.3

    3.0 3.2 3 .3 3.' 3.7

    3.4 3 .• 3.7 3.' 4.1

    3.8 4. 1 4.3 4 .5 4.7

    4.4 4 .7 49 '.2 5.'

    5.2 '.5 '.8 6.1 6.4

    6.3 •. 6 7.3 7.6

    2.3 2,4 2.' 2.6 2 .8 2 .'

    2.8 2.' 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.'

    3.1 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.7 3 .•

    3,4 3.6 3.8 3.' 4. 1 4.3

    3.8 4 .0 4. 2 4,4 4.6 4.8

    4 .3 4 .6 4 .8 5.0 '.2 • .4

    ' .7 6.0 6.3 6 .6 6.' 7.2

    6 .7 7.0 7,4 7.7 8.0 8 ,4

    •••

    '.0 '.2 6,4 ' .7 5.' 6 .2

    8.0 8,4 8.8 '.2 '.7 1.0

    10.0

    ,

    ,

    ,

    '

    ,

    ,

    80'

    ,

    ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 7.0 7.3

    5.'

    7.8 8.2 8.6 '.1

    10.2 10 .7

    , 52·2 40·2

    31·4 25·4 2 1·2 18-0 15· 7

    13·8 12·2

    10·9 9 90 9'02

    8·22

    Ho",

    A ng le

    -;1

    Ho", Angle

    •

    ,

    m

    7·54

    17

    5

    6-94

    18 19

    7 8

    6·44 600 564

    m

    •

    9

    ,·26

    10 11

    4·94 4-60 4-40

    "

    13

    4-17

    "

    3·94

    15 16

    3·73 3·54

    " "" "" 21

    22

    . 27

    A

    H our A ngl e

    3·37 3·20 3 ·05 2 ·92 279 2 ·67 2·55 2 ·45

    30 31

    .

    2·35

    2·25 2·16 2·08

    200

    m

    "

    33 J4 35

    38 J7 38 39

    A

    H ou r An g le

    1·92 1·85 H8 1·72 1 66 1·60

    43 44 45

    .

    1·54 1 ·49

    1'43 1 ·38

    40

    1 ·34

    41 42

    1 -29 1 ·25

    m

    •• 47

    48 49 50 51

    " "

    53 54

    A

    . 1·21 H 7 H 3 1·09 106 1·02 0 ·99 096 0-93

    090 0·87

    75 80 85 90

    93

    ••

    99 102 105 106 111

    114 117

    11.9 12.5

    120 123

    13. 1

    126 129 132

    to.5

    13.7

    11 .0 11 .5

    14.4 15,0

    12.0 12.5

    15.7 16.4

    Li mits of Hour An gle or Time 'before or after' Merid ian Passag e

    I

    50

    1 1.3

    EX-MERIDIAN TABLE IV

    A

    15 30

    Ho ur A ngle m

    56

    57 56

    " "" "" 60

    . 63

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    135 "8 141

    449

    CHANGE of HOUR ANGLE with ALTITUDE

    :I:

    >:;;

    :0

    LATITUDE

    -

    N

    " 0

    0'

    3'

    6'

    9'

    12"

    IS'

    18'

    21'

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    57·30 57·3$ 57'61 28'65 28·69 28·81 19·11 19·13 19·21 14-34 14·36 14 ·41 11-47 11·49 11·54

    58·01 29·01 19·35 14'51 1H2

    %2 8·25 7,23

    6·39 5·76

    9 ,58 8·22 7·20 6'40 5·77

    8·31 7,28 6·47 5·8]

    5·24 4·81 4·45 4·13 3,86

    5,25 4,82 4-45 4·14 3·87

    11 17 11 It

    3·63 3-42 3-24 3-<11 2,92

    21 22 24 21

    1 2 3

    •• • •• 7

    10

    11 12 13 14

    16

    ..

    . 21

    . .... ... . ...

    32

    34 38 CO 42

    .2

    eo

    70 76

    to

    58·58 59·32 60·25 29,29 29,66 30·13 19·53 19'78 20,09 14·66 14·84 15·07 n ' 73 11·88 12'06

    61·38 :5(H,9 20·47 15·36 12-29

    24'

    62·72 31·37 20·92 15·69 12'56

    27'

    30'

    no

    36'

    ,

    ,

    ,

    ,

    &1·31 66· 16 68'32

    70·83

    32 -16 33,09 34·17 35·42 21·44 22·06 22·78 23'62

    16'09 16'55 17·09 17·72 12·88 13·25 13·68 HIS

    %9

    9·78 8·39 7'35 6·54 5·89

    9,90 10·06 10·25 10·47 1O·74 11·05 11'41 1l·83 8'SO 8·63 8·79 8·98 9·21 9-48 9·78 10-14 7-44 7·56 7'70 7·87 8,06 8·30 8·57 8·88 6'62 6·72 6,85 7,00 7-17 7-31l 7-62 7,90 5·96 6·06 6 ·17 6,30 6·46 6·65 6,8'7 7-12

    5·27 4-84 4·47 4·16 3-89

    5·31

    5-43 4·98

    4'SO 4 ·19 3-91

    5," 4,92 4'55 4,2.3 3-95

    3·63 3-43 3·24 '3·08 2·93

    H5 3 ·44 3-25 3·09 2·94

    3·67 3·46 3-2f 3-11 2·96

    2·79 2-67 2·46 2-28 2·13

    2·79 2-67 2·46 2·28 2-13

    2-81 2,68 2-47 2,29 2·14

    2·00 1·89 1·79 1-70 H2

    2·00 1-89 1·79 1-70 1·63

    1,56 1-49 1-44 1 ·39 1-35

    9·57

    8·21 7-19

    6·43 5·79

    4,28 4·00

    5·61 5-15 4-76 4·43 4-14

    5·74 5·27 4·8'7 4·53 4·23

    5,88 5·40 4·99 4·64 4·34

    6·05 5·55 5·13 4-77 4-46

    6·25

    4-60

    5·51 5,06 4·67 4,35 4,06

    5·74 5,30 4-93 4·61

    6·48 5·95 5'50 HI 4'78

    3·71 3'SO 3-31 H4 2,99

    3'76 3·54 3·35 H8 3,03

    3-82 HO 3-40 3-23 3-07

    3·89 3·66 347 3,29 H3

    3·97 3·74 3·54 3·" 3·20

    4-07 3'", 3,&3 3-45 3,28

    4·19 3-95 3-74 3-55

    3-3Il

    4,33 4,08 3·86 3,66 3-49

    4-48 4·23 4,00 HO 3-61

    2,83 2·70 2-49 2-31 2·16

    2,85 2-73 2-51 2,33 2-18

    2-89 2-76 2-55

    2,99 2·86 2,63 2-44 2-28

    3·06 2·92 2·69 2'SO 2-33

    H3 3-00 2·76 2'56 2·39

    3,22 3-08 2,", 2'&3 2,46

    3,33 H8 2,93

    2·21

    2-93 2-81 2-59 2·40 2-24

    3-45 3-30 3,04 2,82 2,&3

    2-01 1,90 HO 1-71 1 ·&3

    2'03 1-91 1·81 1-72 1·65

    2·05 1-93 1·8] 1·74 1·66

    2-07 1,95 1,85 1-76 H8

    2-10 1·98 1,88 1·79 1-71

    2-14 2·02 1,92 1·82 1-74

    2-19 2·0'/ 1,96 1·86 1-78

    2·25 2·12 2·01 1·91 1·82

    2-31 2-18 2-07 1-96 H8

    2·39 2·25 2-13 2-03 1·94

    2-01

    1·56 l'SO 1·44 H9 1·35

    1 ·56 1·50 1-45 HO 1·35

    1,58 I -51 1·46 HI 1·"

    I-59 1·53 H7 H2 1·38

    HI 1·55 1·49 1·44

    HO

    1,64 I -57 I-51 1-46 1-42

    1-67 HO 1,54 1-49 1-44

    1-70 H4 1,58 I-52 H7

    1·75 1·68 1-62 1'56 I-51

    1 ·80 1-73 1-06 1-61 1·55

    1·86 1·78 1·72 1·66 HO

    1·92 1·85 1 ·78 1·72 H6

    1-31 1·27 1,22 H6

    HO

    1-31 1-2'7 1,22 1·16 1·11

    HI 1·28 1 ,23 H6 1-11

    1-32 1,29 1-24 1-17

    H2

    1·34 1·30 1-25 H8 1-13

    1·35 1·31 1·26 1·20 H4

    1·37 1,33 1,28 1-21 H6

    1-40 1,,, 1·31 1·24 H 8

    1-43 1-39 1·34 1·26 1·21

    1-47 H2 1-37 1,30 1·24

    1·51 1-47 1 ·41 1·33 1·27

    1'56 I-51 H6 1,38 1-32

    1-61 I-57 1·51 1·43 1·"

    1·06 1,04 1,02 1,00 1,00

    }'07 H)4 1,02 1-01 1,00

    1·07 H)4 1·02 1-01 1·01

    1·08 1·05 1-03 1·02 1-01

    1-09 1-06 1,04 1,03 1-02

    HO

    H2

    1-07 1-05 1·04 1·04

    1-09 1·07

    1·14 HI 1·09 1,08 1·07

    1 ·17 H3 HI HO 1,09

    H9 H6 H4 H3 H2

    1·23 H9 H7 1-16 H5

    1-27 1,2.3 1-21 1,20 1>19

    1·32 1-28 1·26 1·24 1,24

    4-87

    2,,,

    H16

    I-OS

    2,72 2·54

    2-47 2-33 2-21

    HO

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    450

    CHANGE OF HOUR ANGLE with ALTITUDE

    J:

    ....

    ::l

    :;;

    -

    LATITUDE

    N

    "

    ] 9"

    42"

    45°

    48°

    °

    .

    .

    .

    .

    5

    73·73 36-87 24·59 18·45 14·76

    "'-56 25·71 19·29 15·44

    • ••

    12·31 12·87 13·53 14":50 15·20 16·28 10·56 11 -04 U ·60 12-26 13-'" 13-96 9-2.5 9'67 10·16 10·74 11·42 12-22 8-2J 8-60 9-'" 9-55 lO·16 10·88 7·41 ns 8·14 8·61 9-15 9-8()

    , , 1

    3

    7

    10

    11 12

    "

    6·74 6·19 5·72

    14 15

    5'32

    16 17 1&

    4'67 4-40 4·16 '-95 3·76

    "to

    4-97

    27-02 28-56 30-36 .32·51 2(}27 21·42 22·78 24-39 16·23 17-15 18·23 19·52

    40-00

    61·83 46·39

    32·02

    37-1 3

    13·19 I H4 10·57

    19·13 16-41 14'37 12·78 ll·52

    21-04 18·07 15-& IH)6 12·68

    2.H8 20·17 17-67 15-72 14·16

    26-65 22-90 21)-05

    30·91 26-55 23-25 21)-69

    16-()7

    18 -64

    10-48 9-62 8-89 8-27 7-73

    11·54

    12-89 10·16 9-50

    14·63 13·42 12·40 11 ·53 10·78

    16·96 15-56 14'39 13·38 12-50

    2H7 17-57 15'0'1

    38-21 28·67 22·95

    42·09 31·58

    17·64

    4-88 ' -60

    5-13 '-84

    5·42 5-U '-84 4·59 4 ·37

    5-77 5-<4 5·14

    6· 17 5-82 5·51 5-23 '-97

    6-66 6-28 5-" 5-64 5-37

    7-26 6-84 6-47 6· 14 5-85

    7-99 7-53 7-13 6-7/ 6-44

    8-92 8·41 7-96 7-55

    10· 12 9-54 9-03 8·57

    7-19

    8·16

    11·74 11·00 10·47 9-.. 9-46

    4·75 ' -54 4-18 '-88 3-62

    5·12 '-90 4-51 4'19 3·91

    5-56 5-34 '-92

    6·15 5-88 5-42 5-02 4·69

    6-86 6-56 6-04 % 1 5·24

    7-79 7045 6-86 6·37 5-94

    9-03 8 -64 7-96 7-'" 6-89

    '-40

    3·67 3·47

    ' -92

    .-4
    5-58 5-27 ' -99 4·75 '-53

    6·47 6·11 5-79 5·51 5-26

    '-82 3·67 3·54 3·42 .HI

    '-34 4·17 ' -02 3-88 3-75

    5<)3 4·84

    '-50 4-35 '-22 4 ·11 3-95 3·74 3·57 3·44 3-35 3-29 3-25 3·24

    '4013 -36

    '-93 3·76 3·59

    1·73

    3·31

    . -se '-34

    4-14

    ' -95 ,HS 3-48 3-2, 3·01

    4 ·17 ' -99 3·67

    2-83

    '-88 ' -65

    .-43 4 ·24

    3·91

    H I

    , -&]

    3018

    3-39

    2-99 2-82 2·67 2-54 2-43

    3·18 3-00 2-" 2·70 2-58

    2-21) 2·11 2-04

    2-33 2-23

    2' 47

    H 7

    1-97

    H I

    1-90

    2-08 2·01

    1-76 1-71

    1-95 1-90 1-82 1·73 1-65

    2-(11

    1·59 I -55 1·52 I-50 1·49

    H9 H 5 1 ·61

    2-67

    2-53 2·41 2-30

    1-68 1-63 1·57 1'49 1·42

    1-"

    I -55 1-49

    1-85 1-80 1'73 1-63 I -56

    1·37 1-33 1·31 1-29 1-29

    1·43 1·39 1·37 1-35 1 -35

    1·51 1-46 1·44 1-42 1 ·41

    2·15

    2-38 2-29 2·21 2'14

    2-02 1-" 1-" 1·75

    HO 1'59

    8-92

    53·32

    25·27

    46-98 35·25 28·21

    lS·oe 26·3(

    6·57

    2-09 2·01 1-94

    ..

    .

    .

    6 ,14

    2-00 1-92 1-85 1· 79

    70 75 80 15

    n °

    9-62 8 -& 8·16 7·59 7-09

    2-69 2-54 2'41 2-29 2·19

    65

    69"

    8·18

    2·57 2-43 2-30 2-19 2-09

    60

    .

    66"

    8-33 7-64 7-06 6·57

    30 32

    52

    .

    6)0

    7-& 7-19 6-64 6·18 5-77

    2-74

    42

    60°

    7-oH 6 -00 6-29 5·85 5-4<'

    3 -07 2-87

    .... ..,." ..

    57"

    7-05 6'47 5-98 5-56 5-20

    3·59 '-<4 3'16 2-94

    36 31

    54°

    nlO 81·03 85-63 91-05 97-48 105·2( 114·60 126·21 \ 40·88 159·89 185·43 40-52 42·82: 45'53 48·75 52'61 57-31 63·11 70-45 79-96 92·73

    21 22 24 28 28

    34

    51"

    7-56 7-("

    3·21

    ,-'" '-28 2-89 2·76

    3-12

    2-65 2-54

    2 -86

    2-45 2-37 2-29

    2-64 2-55 2·47

    2-22 2 ·16 2- re 1-96 1-88 1·81 1·76 1' 73 1-71 1-70

    2-98

    2'74

    ' -56

    ' -26

    10-59 9-79 9·11

    8·51

    ..

    '-00 3-7/ '-58 3-40 '-2.5

    4'41 4·16

    .l·ll 2-99 2-88 2·78

    3-43 3-29

    ,-

    3·75 '-58

    3-17

    n·&)

    10·9.3

    '-64

    2·69

    3-06 2-96

    2-40 2-33 2·24 2-12 2-03

    2·61 2-54 2-44 2,31 2-21

    2-88 2-80 2-69 2-54 2·43

    3-21 3-12 3-00 2'71

    3-" 3-54 3-41 3-22 3-08

    1-95 1-90 1-86 1-84 1 -84

    2· 13 2·07 2-03 2·01 2-00

    2-34 2·28 2·24 2·21 2-21)

    2-62 2-55 2-50 2·47 2-46

    2-97 2-89 2-83 2-8() 2-79

    2-"

    ' -66

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYINIZ

    452

    CHANGE OF ALTITUDE IN ONE MINUTE OF TIME AZIMUTH

    ..... 0" 4" 8'

    40"

    13 ,0

    13 .3

    13.0

    13 .3

    12.5

    12.9 12 .7 12.5

    13 .2

    10.6

    11.0

    10.6

    1 1.0 1 1.0

    11.5 11.5

    11.9 11.9 11 .8 1 1.6 11.4

    9.1 8.8 8.7 '.5 '.3

    9.5 9.2 9 .1 9 .0

    .B 8 .6 8.4 '.2 '.0 7.7

    •••

    38· 40'

    ' .2 8.0 7.' 7.6 7.4

    42" 44· 46' 48' 49"

    7.2 6.9 6.7 6.5 6 .'

    50"

    10.8

    10.0

    10.4

    9.7 9.5 9 .. 9 .2

    10.2

    9 .0

    8.6 8.4 8. 1

    9 .4 9.2 9.0 8.7 8.5

    9 .7 9.5 9.3 9 .1

    7.5 7.2 7.0 6.' 6.6

    7.9 7.6 7.4 7.1 6.9

    ' .2 8.0 7.7 7.4 7.2

    6.5 6.3 6.2 6 .1 60

    6.' 6.6 6 .5 6.4 6.2

    7.1

    5'54"

    6 .2 6 .0 5.9 5.' 5 .7

    65" 56" 67· 58" 59"

    5.5 5.4 5.2 5. 1 5.0

    5.8 5.7 5.5 5.3 5.2

    60" 51 ' 62" 63"

    4 .' 4 .' 4.5 4.3 4 .2

    5.1 5.1 4.7 4.5 4.4

    4.1 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.5

    ,,"

    12.7

    12.6

    55"

    10.5 10 .4 10. 2

    9 .9 9 .8

    12.3

    12.3 12 .2 12.0

    52%0

    10. 1 10.1 to .O

    18·

    50"

    50"

    9.6 9.6 9.5 9 .. 9.3

    ,,'

    57 %0

    4 7%G

    4 2%G 45"

    10.6

    11.4 11.2 11 .0

    1 1.8

    12.3 12. 1

    62%" 66"

    67%0

    13.6 13.6

    13.8 13.8 13.7

    13.0 12.8

    13.5 13.3

    13 .5

    70·

    75"

    so"

    14.1

    14.5 14.5 14.4 14.2 13.9

    14.8

    14.1 14 .0 13.8 13. 5

    13 .1

    13.3

    12.8 12.4

    13 .2

    11.8

    13.0 12.6 12.5 12.2 12.0

    12.2

    13.6 13.2 \ 3.0 12.8 12.5

    1 1.1

    11.5

    11.8

    12.2

    10.8 10.6 10.4 10.2

    11.2 11 .0

    11.5

    11.9 1 1.7

    12 .5 12.2 12 .0

    11.5 1 1.2

    1 1.7 11 .5

    10.0

    9B

    10.4 10 .2

    8.6 9.4 9.1

    9 .9 9.7 9 .4

    9 .7

    11.0 10.8 10.5 10.2 10.0

    11.3 11.0 10.7 10.5 10.2

    11 ,5 11.3 11.0 10.7 10.4

    I1 B 11 .5 11.2 10.9 10.6

    12.0 11.7 11.4 11. I 10.8

    8.5 8.3 '.0 7.7 7.6

    8.8 '.6 '.3 '.0 7.'

    9. 1 8 .' '.5 8 .2 '.0

    9 .4 9.0 8.7 8.5 ' .3

    9.7 9 .3 9.0 8.7 '.5

    9 .9 9.6 9.2 8 .9 ' .7

    10. 1

    10.3 10.0

    10.5 10 .1

    9.6 9.3 9. 1

    9 .8 9.4 9.2

    6.7 6 .5

    7.4 ,.2 7.1 7.0 6.'

    7.6 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.0

    7.9 7.7 7.6 7.5 7.2

    8.1 7.9 7.' 7.7 7.4

    8.3 ' .1 ' .0 7.9 7.6

    ' .5 ' .3 ' .2 ' .1 7.'

    ' .7 8.5 8.4 '3 8 .0

    '.9 '.7 8 .6 '.4 8.2

    6. 1 5.9 5.8 5.6 5.5

    6.3 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.7

    ' .6 6.4 6.3 6.1 5.9

    6.8 6.7 6.5 6.3 6. 1

    7.0 6 .9 6 .7 6 .5 6 .'

    7.2 7. 1 6.9 6.7 6.5

    7.5 7.3 7.1 6.9 6 .7

    7.6 7.4 7.2 7.0 6.9

    7.' 7.6 7.4 7.2 7.0

    5.3 5.3 5.0

    4 .7

    5.5 5.5 5.2 5.0 49

    5.7 5.7 5.4 5.2 5. 1

    5.9 5.9 5.6 5.4 5.2

    6.1 6.1 5.' 5.6 5.4

    6.3 6.3 5.9 5.7 5.5

    6.5 6 .5 6. 1 5.9 5.7

    6 .7 6 .6 6 .2 6 .0 5.'

    4.3 4. 1 4 .0 3.' 3.6

    4.5 4.3 4.1 4 .0 3 .'

    4.7 4.5 4.3 4.1 4.0

    4.9 4 .7 4 .5 4.3 4.1

    5 .0 49 4.7 4.5 4.3

    5 .2 5 .0 4.' 4.6 4 .4

    5.3 5 .' 5.0 4.8 4.6

    5.5 5.3 5. 1 4.9 4 .7

    7'74" 75"

    '. 1 2.9 2.' 2.6 2.5

    3 .5 3.' 3 .1 3.0 2 .8 2.6

    3.6 3.5 3.3 3.1 2.7

    3.7 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.1 2.9

    '.9 ' .7 '.5 3.4 3.2 3.0

    4.1 '.9 '.7 3.5 '.3 '. 1

    4 .2 4.0 3 .' 3 .6 3.4 3.2

    4 .' 4.1 3 .9 3.7 3.5 3.3

    Lit .

    40·

    4","

    45"

    47 Y..°

    5 7Y.."

    24" 26" 2s" 30"

    ,," ,." 36"

    51'

    si'

    ..... 84'

    "

    6" 68" 69·

    70"

    71"

    7i'

    ,.,

    4B

    2.e

    9.9 9 .7 9.6

    6B

    6~

    10.8 10.5 10.3 10 . 1

    9 .9

    •••

    SO"

    10.8 10.6

    5l Y.." 5s"

    11.3

    1 1.1 10.9 10.1 10.5 10,2 10 .0

    12.2 12.0

    12 .9

    12.7

    14 .7 14 .6 14.4

    14 .2 13.9

    13.5 13.3

    ..

    "

    Lat .

    15.0 15.0

    o·

    14 .9

    14 .7 14.4 14.1 13.7

    4' 8·

    ,,' 16·

    ,," 24'

    26"

    "B

    13.5 13.2 13.0

    12.3 12.0 ' 1.7 11.4 11.1

    12.5 12.3 12 .0 11.6 11 .3

    12.1 12.4 12.1 11 .8 11 .5

    3i' ,."

    10.6 lOA 10.1

    11.0 10.6 10.3

    42·

    9.7 9.5

    9.9 9.7

    11 .1 10.8 10.4 10.0

    9. 1 .9 8.7 '.5 8.3

    9.3 9.1 8.9 '.7 8.5

    9.6 9 .3 9 .1 ' .9 8 .7

    8.0 7.8 7.6 7.4 7.2

    ' .1 7.9 7.7 7.5 7.3

    8.3 8. 1 7.9 7.7 7.5

    8.5

    6.' 6.7 6.4 6.2 6.0

    6.9 6.8 65 6.3 6 .1

    7.0 6.9 6.6 6.4 6.2

    5.6 5.4 5.2 5.0 4 .'

    5.' 6 .5 5.' 5.1 4 .9

    5.9 5.6 5 .4 5. 1 5.0

    4.5 4.2 4 .0 '.8 ' .6 3.4

    4 .6 4.3 4 .1 3.9 3 .7 3.4

    4 .7 4 .4 4.2 4.0 3.' 3.5

    4.7 4.5 4.2 4.1 3.9 3.5

    60"

    62 Y..°

    9 .' 9.4 9. 1 8.9

    ...

    67 %"

    12.4

    13. 1

    9 .'

    28"

    3D'

    36·

    38" 40' 44· 46·

    48' 49' SO"

    9 .6 9.4 9 .2 9 .0

    !it'

    51"

    ••

    5'54"

    8.0 7.' 7.8

    8.6 8.4 8.2 8.0 7.7

    5s" 56· 57· 58· 59·

    7.2 7.0 6.7 6.5 6.3

    7.4 7.2 6.9 6.7 6.4

    7.6 7.3 7.0 6.' 6 .5

    60' 6 1' 62" 63"

    6.0 5. 7 5.5 5.2 5.0

    6.1 5.9 5.7 5.4 5.1

    6 .2 6.0 5.' 5.6 5.'

    6 .3 6 .1 5.9 5.6 5.4

    ..

    4 .8 4.6 4 .3 4. 1 3.9 3.6

    4.9 4.7 4.4 4.2 3.9 3.7

    5.0 4.' 4.5 4.' 4.0 3.8

    5.1 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.1 3.9

    ". 72·

    70·

    7s"

    ..,

    80"

    ..

    "

    64"

    6s" 66"

    6"

    "

    69'

    70·

    73' 74' 75·

    Lat .

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    453 DIP OF THE SEA HORIZON

    AUGMENTATION OF THE MOON'S SEMI" DIAMETER

    h

    0.' 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.' 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

    1.5 3 5 7 0 10 11 13

    Moon 's S6m;-OiClmeter

    App . Al t.

    "-

    , 14.5

    15.0

    155

    16.0

    16.5

    17.0

    • 10

    0.0

    0.0

    0. 1

    0. 1

    0.1

    0. 1

    20

    0. 1

    0. 1

    0. 1

    0.1

    0. 1

    0.1

    30

    0.1

    0.1

    0.1

    0. 1

    0.2

    0.2

    40

    0.1

    0.2

    0.2

    0.2

    0.2

    0.2

    60

    0.2

    0 .2

    0.2

    0.2

    0.2

    0.2

    60

    0.2

    0.2

    0.2

    0.2

    0.3

    0.3

    70

    0.2

    0.2

    0.3

    0.3

    0.3

    0.3

    80

    0.2

    0.2

    0.3

    0.3

    0 .3

    0.3

    90

    0.2

    0.2

    0 .3

    0.3

    0 .3

    0.3

    I I

    10.5

    34 36 38 39 41 43 44 4' 48 49

    11 .0

    REDUCTION OF THE MOON'S HORIZONTAL PARALLAX

    11 .5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.6 14.0 14.5

    15.0 15.5

    La t.

    , 54

    H ori~ont'"

    58

    16.0 16.5

    Parallax

    17.0

    62

    • 10

    0.0

    0.0

    0.0

    20

    0.0

    0.0

    0.0

    30

    0.0

    0.0

    0. 1

    40

    0.1

    0.1

    0. 1

    50

    0 1

    0. 1

    0.1

    17.5 18.0 18.5 19.0 19.5 20.0

    Dip

    - 1.2

    20.5

    67

    -1.8

    2 1.0 21.5 22. 0

    69

    - 8.0 - 8.1 - 8 .2

    22.5

    74 75 77 79

    - 2.2 -2.5 - 2.8 -3.0

    15 18 20 21 23 25 26 28 30 31 33

    h

    ,

    15

    5 .5 6.0 6 .5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.' 9.0 9.5 10.0

    m

    Dip

    m

    82

    - 8.8 - 8.9 - 9 .0

    - 4.1

    25.5

    84

    26.0 26.5

    OS

    - 4 .7

    21.0 27.5 28.0

    - 6 ,0 -6.1 -6.2 - 6.3 - 6.5

    - 6.7 - S.8

    39

    - 6.9 -7.0 - 1. 1

    41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

    - 7.5 - 7.6 - 7.7 - 7.B -7 .9

    62 64 66

    0. 1

    0.2

    02

    70

    0.2

    0.2

    0.2

    80

    0.2

    0.2

    0.2

    40

    - 9.2

    92 94 95

    - 9.3 - 9.4

    - 9.5 - 9.6

    98

    - 9,6

    102 105 108 112 115 118 121 125 128 131

    - 9 .8 - 10.0 - 10. 1

    - 10.3 -1 0.4 - 10.6 - 10.7

    - 10.8 - 11 .0 - 11.1

    - 11.3

    135 138 141 144 148

    - 11 .4 - 11 .5 - 1 1.7 -1 1.8 - 11.9 - 12. 1 - 12.2 - 12.3 - 12.4

    151

    154 157 16 1 154

    SUN Para llax if' Alt itude

    60

    37

    90

    97

    30.0

    38

    -7.3 - 7.4

    89

    29.0 29. 5

    -6.6

    - 9 .1 - 9 .1

    "

    28.5

    31 32 33 34 35 36

    -8.7

    BD

    -4.3 -4.5

    - 5.7 - 5.8

    51

    - S.5 - 8.6

    23.5

    -5.4 - 5.6

    57 59

    23.0 24.0 24.5 25. 0

    . - 5.3

    ..

    - 8,3 .... .3 - 8.4

    72

    - 3.5 -3.7 - 3.9

    - 5.0 - 5.1

    51

    71

    - 3.3

    -4.8

    52 54

    ,

    App.

    '" • 0 10 20

    30 40 50 60

    70 80 90

    Parlx .

    , + 0.2 + 0.2 + 0.1 + 0. 1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0. 1 + 0. 1 + 0 .0 +0.0

    M ean Sem i Diameter Mean S.D .

    Month

    , Jan. hb. March April Moy JuM Jul y Aut·

    s."•. 00 •. N~.

    0.,.

    ,

    16.3 16.2 16 .1 16.0 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.9 16. 1 16 .2 16.3

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    454 MEAN REFRACTION

    ADDITIONAL REFRACTION CORRECTIONS FOR AIR TEMPERATURE

    Atmospheric Pressure l 000mbs (29.5109 ) Tempera ture lOT (SO ' F)

    70 b e applied /0 the App8renl A ltitude

    App. All . Re lr.

    .

    .

    App. All. Ref r,

    A pp. AI!. Refr.

    .. . .

    .

    ' 0'

    15 '

    20'

    25'

    30'

    35'

    0.' O.S 0 .7 O.S 0. 5

    0.0 0.0 0 .0 0.0 0 .0 0.0

    -+ 1.0 0.' O.S 07 O.S 0.5

    -+1.9 1.5

    +2.8 2.2 2.0 I.S 1.5 1.3

    +3.7 3.1 2.7 2. 4 2.0 1.S

    +4.7 3.7 3.3 2.' 2.S 2.2

    200 20 ' 0 300 20 40

    - 1.3 - 0.9 - 0 .4 O.S 0,4 1.2 0,4 1.1 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.3 1.0 O.S 0.3 OS 0.3 0 .'

    0.0 0.0 0 .0 0.0 0 .0 0.0

    +0.4 0,4 0,4 0.3 0.3 0 .3

    +0.8 0.7 0.7 OS O.S O.S

    +1.2

    + 1.5

    1.0

    +1.9 1.7 I.S 1. 5 1.4 1.3

    4 00 5 S 7 6

    - 0.8 - 0.6 -0.3

    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    +0.3

    +0.5 0 ,4 0,4 0.3 0.3 0.3

    +0,8

    0 .7 O.S 0 .5 0,4 0,4

    + 1,0 O.S 0.7 O.S 0.' 0.5

    +1.2 1.0 0.' OS 0.7 O.S

    10 00

    - 0.4 - 0 .3 - 0 .1

    0.0 0 .0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    +0. 1 0.1 0.0 0 .0 0 .0 0.0

    +0.2

    +0.4

    +0.4

    0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0.0 0.0

    0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0 .0

    0.2 0. 1 0. 1 0. ' 0.0

    +0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 01 0 .0

    .

    o 00 o

    o

    00 - 33.9 05 32.8 10 3 1.8 15 30.8 20 29.9 25 29 .0 30 -28. 2 35 27.4 40 26.S 45

    50 55

    25.9 25. 2 24 .6

    1 00 - 23.9 05 23 .3 22 .7 '0 15 22. 1 20 2 1.5 21.0 25 1 3 0 - 20.5 35 20.1 40 19.6 45 50

    55

    19. 1 18.7 18 .3

    2 00 - 11.9 05 17. 5 17 . 1 '0 15 16.8 20 16 .4 25 16. 1

    4 00 - 1 1.5 10 11.1 10.8 20 10. 5 30 .0 10.2 50

    ,.,

    5 00 10 20 30 40 50

    -9. 7 ,,4 '.2 S.' S.7 S5

    6 00 10 20 30 40 50

    - 8.3

    7 00 '0 20 30 40

    - 7.2

    S. l 7' 7.7 7.5 7,4

    7.0

    6'

    50

    SS 6.6 S .5

    600 10 20 30 40 50

    - 6 .4 S.3 S .2 S I S .O 5.'

    12 00 - 4.4 4.3 20 40 4.2 4.0 13 00 20 3.' 40 3.' 14 00 -3.8

    20 40 ' 5 00 20 40

    3.7 3.S 3.5 3.' 3.'

    16 00 - 3,3 3 1 17 00 18 0 0 2.' 19 00 2.7 2.S 2000 21 00 2.5 22 00 00 00 00 00 00

    23 24 25 2S 27

    -2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 I .' I.S

    26 00 -1.8 29 00 1.7 30 00 1.7 31 00 I.S 32 00 1.5 33 00 1.5

    A ir Temperatu re -'C

    ~~pA It.

    20 40 1 00 20 40

    , 20 30 .0 50 SO

    -6'

    O'

    -lA -2.0 2.7 2. 4 2.0 I.S 1.5

    0.7 O.S 0 .' 0.5 0,4

    0.2 0.1 0 .1 0. 1 0.0

    1.S I.S 1.4 1.2 1.0

    0.5 0,4 0.4 0.3 0.3

    0.1 0 .1 0. 1 0.0 0.0

    9 00 10 20 30 40 50

    - 5 .S

    3400

    5.7 5.S 5.5 5,4 5 .3

    3500 3600 37 00

    '0 00 '0 20 30 40 50

    - 5 .2

    40 00 45 00

    - 4 .8

    12. 1 11 .9 11.1

    00 '0 20 30 40 50

    00 -1 1.5

    12 00

    - 4.4

    45

    50 55

    14 .S 14 .6 14 .4

    3 00 - 14. 1 13.S 05 13.6 '0

    "

    20 25

    13.4 13. 1 1 2.9

    3 30 - 12 .7 35 12.4 40 12 .2 45

    50 55

    •

    "

    5.2 5. 1 5 .0 4.' 4.'

    ' .7 ' .7 4 .S ' .5 4 .5

    38 00

    3900

    50 00 5500 SO 00 SS 00 10 0 0 15 00 80 00

    SS 00 90 00

    -1 .4

    1,4 13 1.2 1.2 1.2

    -\.O

    0.2 0.2 0 .2 0. 2 0 .1

    0. 1 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0. 0

    1.3 1.2 1.0 D.'

    0.2 0 .2 0 .2 0. 1 0. 1

    , 1 1.0 ' .0 0.' O.S

    1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1

    ADDITIONAL REFRACTION CORRECTIONS FOR ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE f o be applied to the App,U6IJ( A llitude

    Ap p _ All .

    2 3 0 - 15.S 15.5 35 40 15 .2

    5'

    ..

    A tmospher ic Pressure - millibars

    960

    .

    980

    1000

    .

    1 020

    .

    '030

    -(J. S 0.7 O.S 0.5

    - 1.7

    000 30 00 30

    ,

    "" .7

    "'0.8

    1,4 1.2 1.0

    0.7 0 .6 0 .5

    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    2 00 4

    +0.9

    .0,4 0.3 0.2 02 0. 1

    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    -0.4

    - 0.9

    0.3 0.2 0.2 0. 1

    O.S 0,4 0.3 0.3

    1,4 1.2 1.0

    -1. 1

    0.' O.S 0.7 0 .5 0.4 - 0.3

    0.3 0.2 0. 1 0.0

    6

    S 10

    O.S 0 .4 0.3 0.3

    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    - 0 .2

    0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

    .0.1 0. 1 0' 0.0 0.0

    - 0 .1

    20 25 30 35

    0.1 0 .1 0.0 0 .0

    0. ' 0.1 0. 1 0. 1

    .0 00

    0 .0

    0.0

    0.0

    0.0

    0.0

    15 00

    "'0.2

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    455

    CORRECTION OF MOON'S MER. PASS . Corr. Plu s to Mer. Pass_ in W est Long . Difference between times at successive trans.ts.

    ~

    ,

    ~

    0

    0

    ~

    . • " 3 6

    15 18 21

    24

    21 30

    """ ""

    ... ." ...",." " . ..." 51

    81

    84

    87

    102

    105

    .08

    "'

    .14

    '20 '" 123 126

    .29 13. 138 .41 .44

    132

    147

    . SO

    I5l 156

    ."

    162 165

    .68

    171

    ...

    IT4 In

    39 m.

    42 m .

    45 m.

    48 m .

    SI m .

    54 m .

    57 m .

    m_

    m_

    m_

    m_

    m_

    0 -7 10 1. 1-8 2-1 2-, 2-8 3-2 3-5

    0-4 0-' 1-2 1-6 2-0 2-, 2-. 3-2 3-6 ' -0

    O.

    m

    04 0-8 I- I 1-5 1-9 2 -2 2-6 30 3-, 3-8

    m. 0-5 1-0 14 1-' 24 2-8

    03 0-6 10 13 1-6 2-0 2-3 2-6 2-' 3 -2 36 3' .2

    ., 4-6

    O.

    ., 3-8 ' -2 '-6

    52 5-5 5-8 6-2 6-5

    5-2 5-6 6 -0 6-3 6-6 7-0

    6 -8 7-2 7-5 7-8 8 -1 8' 8-8

    7-' 7-7 8-0 8-' 8-8 '-1

    '-I

    0-' 0 -9 14 18 22 27 32 3-6 , 0 ,-5

    3-8 '-3 ' -8

    5-0 5-' 5-. 6-3 68 7_2 7-6 8-1 86 '-0

    5-2 5-7 6-2 '-6 7- 1 Hi 8-1 .-6 '0 ' -5

    10-2

    10·4 10·8

    10-0 10 ·4 10-9 IH

    104

    10-6 11-0

    U -2 IH

    10-1 10·5 10-9 11·2

    10·8 11·2 11-6 12-0

    lUi 11·9 12·3 12·8

    12·2 12·6 13·0 13 ·5

    11 ·6

    12-4

    13 -2

    14 -0

    12·8 13·2 13'6 14 ·0 14·4 14·8 15·2 15-. 16 -0 16·4 16-8 17 ·2 17·6 18·0 18·4 18-8 19·2 19 -6

    ., ' -5 4-9 5-2 5-6 60 6-4 6-8 7-1 Hi

    7-' 8 -2

    .-,-., ' -0

    ,-, ,-. '-8

    '-4

    ,-.

    10·2

    10·1 lOA 10·7

    10·8 11·2 11·6 11·9 12·2

    10-5

    13-0

    13-6 14·0

    12·0 12·4 12·8 1H 13-5 13-9 14-2 14-6 15·0

    13·3 13·6 14·0 14 ·3 14·6 15·0 15·3 15·6 15·9 16-2

    14· 4 14·7 15·0 15,4 15 ·8 16·1 16·4 16·8 17·2 17·5

    15-4 15·8 16-1 16·5 16·9 17·2 17·6 18·0 18·4 18·8

    16·6 16-9 17-2 17·6 17·9 18·2 18-5 18·8 19·2 19-5

    17-8 18-2 18·6 18·9 19·2 19·6 20·0 20·.3 20-6 21-0

    19·1 19-5 19·9

    11-0 11 ·4 11-7 12·0 12-4 12·7

    12-6 13·0

    13-3

    20-2 20-6 21·0 21·4 21·8 22·1 22·5

    ,-, 4 -.

    5-2 5-6 6-0 6-4 6-8 7-2 7-6 8-0 8-' 8-8 ' -2 ' -6

    10 ·0

    200 20-' 20-8 21·2 21·6

    22-0 22-' 22-8 2.3·2 2.3-6 24-0

    0-8 1-3 1-7 2-1 26 3-0 3' 3-8 '-2 ' -7 5-1 5-5 6-0 64 68 7-2 7-6

    8-1 . 5 8-' '4 ' -8

    ,-, ,-,

    13-6

    14-4

    14·0

    14·8 lS":S 15-8 16 ·2 16-6 11-1 17 ·6 18 ·0

    14 A

    14-9 15·3

    15-7 16·2 16-6

    17-0 17-4 17·8 18-3 18·7 19·1 19·6 20 ·0 20-4

    20-.

    21·2

    21-7

    22-) 22-5 "-0 23 4 23-8 24·2 24·6 25-1 25·5

    18-4 18·9 19·4 19·8 20·2

    2<)-7

    21·2 21·6 22·0 22·5

    23-0 23-4 23-8 24·3 24·8 25·2 25·6 26-1 26 ·6 27·0

    3-3

    11·9 12-' 12·6 13·3

    13-8 14·2 14·7 15·2 15·7 16·2 16·6 17-1 17-6 18·0 18-5 19·0

    6Om.

    63 m .

    66m.

    m.

    m_

    m. 0-6 1-1 16 2-2 2-8 3-3 3-8 44 5-0 5 -5

    0·5 1-0 1-5 2-0 25 3-0 3-5 '-0 ' -5 5-0 5-5 6-0 6-5 7-0 7-5 8-0 . -5 '-0 '-5

    10·0

    10 -5 11<0 IB 12-0 12·5 13-0 13·5 14·0 14·5 15·0

    15·5

    16-0 16'5

    17·0 17·5 18-0 18-5 19-0

    0-5

    1'·0

    1-6 21 2-6 3-2 3-7 '-2 ' -7 5-2

    5-. 6-3 6-. 7-' 8-, 8-'

    8-0 6-6 7-2 7-7 8-2 8-8 9-4

    10·0 10·5

    10·4 U·O

    11-0 11-6

    11·6 12-1 12-6 13-2 13-8

    7-4

    ,-, ,-,

    12-1 12·6

    13-2 13·6 14·2 14·7 15·2 15·8 16-3 16·8 17·3 17·8 18·4 18·9 19·4

    14·3 14·8 154 16·0

    16·5 17-0

    17·6 18·2 18·7 19-2 19-8

    20-'

    20-9

    19' "'-0

    "'-0 20-5 21-0

    19·5

    2O·S

    200

    21·0 21-5 22·0 22-5 23-0 23-5 24·0 24·5 25·0

    21 ·5 22·0 2H 23 ·6 24·2 24·7 25·2

    25-7 26-2

    "'-0 "'-5

    25·5 26·0 26·5 27·0 27·5

    26-8 27-3 27-8 28-'

    28-0 28-6

    28-0

    29-'

    20·4 20·9 21-4 21 ·8 22-3 22·8 23·.3 2.3-8

    24-2 24 -7 25·2 25·6

    26-1 26-6 27-1 27·6 28 ·0 28·5

    28·5 29·0 29-5 .30-0

    22-6

    214 22-0

    ~

    • 3

    •

    I 11

    "

    18 21 24 11

    3'

    ..""" .. 48

    .. ..

    54

    " " "

    T5

    71 81

    •• 87

    ..."

    I.

    102

    .05 .08

    111

    "' .20 '"

    22~

    I;,/.~

    23·1 23·6 24·2 24 ·8 25·3

    126

    258

    26-'

    29-2

    28'

    29-7 31)-2 30-8

    29·9 .30·4 31 ·0 .31·5

    .31·4 31·9 32-4 33·0

    129 132

    .38 '"

    14. 14. 147

    .SO

    153 156

    ...'" ... 165

    16. 171

    IT4

    177

    Corr _ Minus to Mer_ Pass. in East Long _

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYINIZ

    458

    SUN'S TOTAL CORRECTION To be ap plied to the Observed Altitude of the Sun 's Lower ( L) or Upper (V) Limb Height o f EVe Ob s. All ,

    l O.Srn

    11 .2m

    12.0m

    (3 4ft)

    (3 7ft) L U

    (39ft )

    U

    L

    ,

    13 .6m (4 5 ft )

    12 .8m 4 2 ft)

    U

    L

    ,

    U

    L

    . 14.SM (48ft)

    ,

    U

    L

    U

    L

    ,

    .,

    .1 -30,9 1.3 30. 7 1.5 30.5

    15.4 m (50ft )

    ,

    +0.9 - 31.1

    16 .3 m (5 3 ft )

    U

    L

    ,

    ,

    +0.5 -3 1.5

    + 1.9 -30. 1 2 .1 29.9 2 .3 29.7 2 .5 29.5 2.2 29.3 2 .9 29. 1 3 .1 28.9 3 .3 28,7

    + 1.7 -30.3 1.9 30. 1 2.1 29.9 2.3 29. 7 2.5 29.5 2.2 29.3 2.9 29. 1 31 28.9

    +3.3 -28.7 3.5 28.5

    +1.3 - 3 0 .7

    +2. 7 - 29.3

    +2. 5 -29.5 2 2 29.3 2.9 2 9 . , 3. 1 28.9 3.3 28.7 3.0 28. 5 3.2 28.3 39 28. I

    +2.3 - 29. 7 +2 .1 - 29.9

    27.5

    +2.9 -2 9. 1 31 28.9 3.3 28.7 3.5 28.5 3 2 28.3 3.9 28. , 27.9 4 .3 27. 7 +4 .5 -27.5 4 .7 27.3 4 .9 27. 1 51 26.9 5.3 26. 7 5. 0 26.5 26.3 P 0.9 26. 1 6 .1 2 5.9

    +4 .3 -27. 7 4 .5 27.5 ' .7 27.3 ' .9 27. 1 5.1 26.9 5.3 26. 7 05 26.5 0.2 26.3 59 2 6 . I

    ... . 1 - 27. 9 4 .3 2], 7 4 .5 27. 5

    +3.7 -28.3 3.9 2B. I 4 .1 27.9 '3 27.7 '.5 27. 5

    +3.5 -28.5 3 .2 28.3

    27.3 27. I

    + 3.9 -28.1 ' .1 27.9 ' .3 27. 7 '.5 27.5 4 .7 27.3

    26.9

    27. 1

    27. 3

    12 00 30

    ... . 2 - 27.3 4 .9 27.' 5.1 26. 9 5 3 26.7 5.5 2 6 . 5 26. 3 P 09 261 6 .1 2 5.9 6 .3 25.7

    27.5 27.3 27. f

    1300 14 00 " 00 16 00 17 00 1800 19 00

    +6 .5 - 25.5 6 .2 25.3 69 25.1 2.1 2 4 . 9 2.3 24 .7 2.5 24.5 2.2 24.3

    + 6.3 - 25.7 6.5 25.5 6 2 25.3 ' 9 25.1 2.1 24.9 2.3 24. 7 2.5 24.5

    +6 .1 -25.9 '3 25.7

    +5.7 - 26.3 5.9 26, I

    2000 22 00 24 00 26 00 2900 3200 3 600

    + 7.9 - 24.1 23.9 8.3 23.7 85 23.5 8 .2 23.3 ' 9 23. 1 9. 1 22.9

    . . 00 45 00 . , 00

    +<>.3 - 22. 7 9.5 22.5 9 .2 22.3 9 .9 22. 1 10.1 21 .9 10.3 21 .7

    .. 50

    01 00 15 30

    "

    08 00 16 30

    45

    ..

    09 00 20

    1000 30 "

    00 30

    '000 " 00 go oo

    + 19 - 30, / 2.1 29.9 2.3 29.7 25 29.5 2.2 2 9. 3 2. 29.1

    + 1.7

    -30.3

    1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 22

    30.1

    +3.' -28 .9 3.3 35 32 39 '. 1

    "

    ' .5

    28.7 28.5 28.3

    28.1 27. 9

    2 7. 7

    "

    29.9 29. 7 29.5

    29.3

    2.9 3. 1 33 3.5 3.2 39 4 .1

    "

    29. 1 28. 9 28.7

    28.5 28.3 28. 1 27.9

    1.5 1.2

    1.9 2.1 23

    .., 49 51 5 .3 55 5 .2

    30.5 30.3 30.' 29_9 29.7

    2 6.7

    26. 5 26.3

    11 13

    309 30. 7

    U

    30.3

    1.5

    1.9 2. 1

    30. , 29. 9

    U

    30.5 30.3

    1.9

    30. 1

    2.5 2.2 2.9 3.1 3.3 35 3.2

    ,., 5.1 5.' 5.5

    29.5 29.3 29. 1

    28.9 28. 7 28.5

    28.3

    4 .9 01 03

    26.5

    5.5

    25.5

    '.2 ' .9 2.1 2.3

    25.3 25. 1 24.9 24. 7

    +7 .1 - 24.3 2.9 24. 1 '.1 23.9 83 23. 7 8.5 23.5 8.2 23.3 89 23.1

    +7 .5 -24 .5 2.2 24.3 2.9 24 . 1 8 .1 2 3.9 8.3 23. 7 8.5 2 3.5 82 2 3.3

    + 7.3 -24 .7 2.5 24 .5 2 2 24 .3 2.9 24.1 8 .1 2 3.9 83 23.7 8 5 23.5

    +7 .1 - 24.9 2.3 24 . 7 2.5 24.5 22 24 .3 2.9 24 . I 8 .1 23.9 83 23. 7

    +9 .1 -22 .9 9.3 22. 7 9.5 22.5 9.2 22.3 99 22. 1 10 . 1 21.9

    -+6.9 -23. 1 9 .1 22.9 9.3 22.7 9.5 22.5 9.2 22.3 9 .9 22. 1

    -+-6.7 - 23 .3 89 23. 1 9.1 22.9 9.3 22.7 95 22.5 9 .2 22.3

    +8.5 -23 .6 8 .2 23.3 8 .9 23. 1 9 .1 22.9 9.3 22. 7 95 22.5

    ' .3 ' .5 ' .2

    ..,

    26.9 26.7

    + 5.9 - 26.1 6 1 25.9 6. 3 2 5 . 7 6. 5 25. 5 ' .2 2 5.3 6 .9 25. 1 2.1 24.9

    " ,.•

    2 .3 25 2.2 2 .9 3 1 3.3 3 .5

    25.9 25. 7 25.5 25.3 25. 1

    297 29.5 29.3

    2 9. 1 28.9 28. 7 28 .5

    2 7. I 269 2 6 .7

    ,

    <{1 2 -3 1.3 09 31 , , 1.1 30.9 1.3 30. 7 1.5 30. 5 1.2 30.3

    + 1.5 -30.5 1.2 30.3 1.9 30.1 2. 1 29.9 23 29. 7 2.5 29.5

    0600 10 20 30

    U

    L

    3 .9 4 .1 ' .3 ' .5

    ..,

    ' 9 5.1

    28. 1 27.9

    27.7

    26.9

    0. 2 0.9

    31 .3

    1.1

    30.' 302 305

    1.3 1.5

    3.2 3.9 '.1 ' .3 4 .5 4 .2 ' .9

    31. 1

    28.3 28. 1 27. 9 27.7

    2],5 27.3 2 7. I

    + 55 -265 52 26.3 59 2 6.1 ' . 1 25.9 ' .3 25.7 '.5 25.5 6.2 25.3

    + 5.3 - 26. 7 55 26.5 5.2 26.3 5.9 26. 1 6.1 2 5.9 ' .3 25. 7 65 25.5

    +5 .1 -26.9 5.3 26.7 55 26.5 52 26.3 5 .9 26. 1 6 .1 25.9 ' .3 25.7

    - 25. 1 24.9 24 7 24.5 24 .3 24 1 23.9

    +6 .1 -25.3 ' .9 25. 1 2.1 24.9 2.3 24.7 2.5 24.5 2 2 24.3 2.9 24. 1

    +6 .5 - 25.5 ' .2 25.3 ' .9 25. 1 2.1 24.9 2.3 24. 7 2. 5 24.5 2.2 24.3

    +8 .3 -23. 7 8 .5 23.5 8 .2 23.3 8.9 23. 1 9 1 22.9 9.3 22. 7

    + 8. 1 -23.9 '.3 23.7 8 .5 23.5 8 7 23.3 89 23. I 9 1 22. 9

    + 7. 9 -24 . 1 '.1 23.9 8.3 23.7 8 .5 23.5 8 .2 23.3 89 23. 1

    .....

    2.1 23 2.5 22 29 8 1

    ADD ITI O NAL MONT HLY CORRECTION

    J," LL

    U,

    <{1.2 -0.2

    ,,'

    <{1.2 -02

    M" <{1 .1 -0. ,

    A" 0 .0 0 .0

    M..

    J u ne

    July

    -0.1 «1. ,

    -0 2 «12

    -0. 2 «12

    A'8 -0.2 «1.2

    S e pl

    -0.1 «1. ,

    0" 00 0.0

    No. <{1.2 -0.2

    0.0

    <{12 -0.2

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYINIZ

    459

    SUN'S TOTAL CORRECTION To be applied to the Observed Altitude of (he Sun's Lower ( L) or Upper (U) Limb Heig ht of Eye Ob • .

    H .2m

    Ah

    (56ft)

    ,,

    0600

    " '" 20 30

    5.

    0 700 15

    .. 3.

    0800

    15

    3.

    "

    0900 20

    '"

    ,.00 3. 11 00 3. 12 00 3. 13 00 1400 1500 16 00 1700 " 00 ," 00 2.00 2200 " 00 2600 2900 3200 "

    00

    '" 00 ,"00 5200 so 00 7500 90 ••

    "

    UL

    1,

    ,8 .2m

    U

    U

    ,

    ;{).3 -31.} 05 31.5 0 .7 3/.3 0 .9 31. 1 '-' 30.9 '-' 30.7

    ;{).

    + 1.5 -30.5

    +1.3 "5

    '-' "9 2 .' 2. 3 25 2.7 2.9

    19 .2m

    ,

    30.3 30. ' 29.9 29.7 29.5 29.3 29.1

    0 .3 0 .5 0.7 0.9

    '-'

    '-' "9 2.' 2.3 2.6 2.7

    20.2 m (66ftl

    ,

    (63ft)

    [ (60h)

    U

    .,,,,

    U

    ,

    -32. 1 3/.9

    31. 7

    ;{).,

    31.9

    3 1.6

    31 , 1 ZO.9

    0 .3 05 0.7 • .9

    0.3 0 .5 • .7

    31.7 31. 5 31.3

    -J()]

    + 1. 1

    -30.9

    -+0.9 -31. 1

    30.5 30.3 3D. ' 29.9 29. 7 29.5 29.3

    '-'

    30. 7 30.5 30.3

    '-' 30.' '-' 30.7 "5

    30. 1

    '-'

    -:31.9 31.7

    3 1.5 3 / .3

    ;{)

    " 5

    '-' ' .9 2 ., 23 2.5

    3/.3 31. I

    -0.3 -32.3

    ..JU

    29.9 29. 7 29.5

    "9 2.' 2. 3

    32.1

    jZl.zm

    22.2m

    23.3m

    1 (7011)

    (73ft)

    ,,

    ( 7711 )

    ,

    U

    -0.5 -32.5 0 .3 32.3 ...Q1 32. 1 ;{) 31.9 0 .3 31. 7 .5 31. 5

    ,

    ;{).7 -31.3 • .9 31 . 1

    !

    24.4 m

    ,

    U

    ...{I.7 -32. 7

    0.5 0.3 ...Q1

    32.5 32.3 32. '

    '"•." 3

    31. 9 3/ . 7

    I (80ft)

    U

    ,

    -0.9 -32.9 0 .7 32. 7 0 .5 32. 5 0 .3 32.3 -lU 32. I ;{).

    ,

    3/. 9

    ,,

    U

    ,

    -1.1 - 33. 1 09 32.9 0. 7 32. 7

    0.5 03

    ...ill

    32.5 32.3 32. 1

    ;{)., -31.9

    30.5 30.3 30.1 29.9 29.7

    , .3 "5 , .7 ' .9 2.'

    30. 7

    ;{).5 ---31 . 5 • . 7 3/.3 •. 9 31 , 1 30.9

    30.5

    30.7

    29.5 29.3 29. I 28.9 28. 7 285 28.3 28. 1 27. 9

    +2.3 2 .5 27 2' 3. , 33 35 37 3.9

    29. 7 29.5 29.3 29. 1 28.9 28.7 28.5 28.3 28. 1

    +2 .1 - 29.9 2.3 29.7 2.5 29.5 29.3 2.9 29.1 3.' 28.9 3.3 28.7 35 28.5 37 28.3

    +1 .9 -30 . 1 2. , 29.9 2.3 29.7 2.5 29.5 29.3 2.9 29.1 3.' 28.9 3.3 28.7 3.5 28.5

    +1.7 -<73.3 ' 9 30.' 2. ' 2 9.9 2.3 29. 7 2.5 29.5 29.3 29 29. 1 3. ' 28.9 3.3 28. 7

    ' .3 ' .5 ' .7 '.9 5.' 5.3

    - 27.9 27. 7 27.5 27.3 27. 1 26.9 26.7

    +3.9 -28. 1 27.9 '.3 27.7 ' .5 2 7.5 ' 7 2 7.3 '9 27. I 5.' 26.9

    +3 .7 -28.3 3.9 28. I 27.9 '.3 27.7 ' .5 27.5 ' 7 27.3 ' .9 2 7.1

    +3.5 -28.5 3.7 28.3 3.9 28. 1 27.9 ' 3 27. 7 ' .5 27.5 ' .7 27.3

    ••

    30.'

    "'-'

    • .5

    30.3 30. , 29.9

    "

    '9

    30. 5 30.3 30. 1

    +0.3 -31.7 • .5 31. 5 • . 7 31.3

    ..,

    •. 9

    3T.I

    ' 3 ' 5

    30.9 30.7 30.5

    '-'

    30.3

    •. 3 •. 5 • .7 09

    3/.7 3/.5 3/.3

    "'-'

    30.9 30.7

    "5

    30.5

    31. 1

    +3. 1 -28.9 3.3 28.7 3.5 28.5 37 28.3 3.9 28. , 27.9 ' 3 27. 7 ' .5 27.5 ' .7 27.3

    +2.9 - 29. I 3. ' 28.9 3.3 28.7 3 .5 28.5 3 .7 28.3 39 28. 1 27.9 '-' 27.7 '5 27.5

    +2 .7 - 29.3 29 29. I 3.' 28. 9 3.3 28. 7 3.5 28.5 3.7 28.3 3.9 28. 1 27. 9 ' .3 27. 7

    +2.5 2.7 29 3. , 3.3 3.5 37 3.9

    ....9 -27. 1 5. ' 26.9 5.3 26.7 5.5 26.5 5.7 26.3 5.9 26. 1 6 ' 25.9

    +4.7 - 27.3 ' .9 27. 1 5.' 26.9 5.3 26.7 5.5 26.5 5.7 26.3 5.9 26. 1

    +4.5 -37.5 . 7 27.3 '.9 27. I 5.' 25.9 53 26. 7 5.5 25.5 5.7 26.3

    +4 .3 -27. 7 ' .5 27.5 .7 27.3 27.1 5. ' 2 6.9 5.3 26.7 5.5 26.5

    +6 .3 - 25. 7 6 .5 25.5 6 .3 25.3 6.9 25.1 7. 24. 9 7. 3 24. 7 7.5 24 .5

    +6 .' - 25.9 5 .3 25. 7 6 .5 25.5 5 7 25.3 6.9 25.1 7 , 24 .9 7.3 24 .7

    ....9 - 26. 1 5.' 25.9 63 25. 7 6.5 25.5 6.7 25.3 6.9 25. 1 7. ' 24.9

    +5. 7 - 26.3 5.9 26.1 5 ' 25.9 5.3 25.7 '5 25.5 57 25.3 6 .9 25. 1

    +5.5 - 26.5 5.7 26.3 59 26. 1 5 ' 25.9 53 26.7 65 25.5 57 25.3

    +5 .3 -26 . 7 5 .5 26.5 5.7 26.3 5 .9 26. 1 6 .' 25.9 6.3 25. 7 65 25.5

    +5 .' - 26 .9 5.3 26.7 5.5 26.5 5.7 26.3 5.9 26. 1 25.9 ' .3 25.7

    +4 .9 -27. I 5.' 2 6.9 5.3 26. 7 55 26.5 5.7 26.3 5.9 26. 1 6.' 25.9

    + 7.7 -24.3 7.9 24. 1 23.9 .3 23.7 ' .5 23.5 '7 23 .3

    +7 .5 -24.7

    + 7.3 7.5 7.7 7.9

    + 7.1 -24. 9 7.3 24.7 75 24.5 7 7 24. 3 7. 9 24. 1 23.9

    +69 - 25.1 7.' 24.9 7.3 24. 7 3.5 24.5 77 24.3 79 24. 1

    +6.7 - 253 6.9 25. 1 7 . 24 .9 7.3 24. 7 7.5 24.5 77 24.3

    6 .5 - 25.5 '7 25.3 6 .9 25. 1 7.' 24 .9 7. 3 24. 7 7.5 24.5

    6.3 - 25.7 6 .5 25. 5 57 25.3 6 .9 2 5. 1 7.' 24 .9 73 24. 7

    ,..

    ••

    ..

    J~

    ,

    ;{).2 -<>. 2

    ;{).2 -<>2

    "

    7.7 7.9

    ,.. '3 ' .5

    24 .3 24. 1 23.9 23.7 23.5

    ,.

    ,.

    '.3

    24. 7 24.5 24.3 24. 1 23. 9 23. 7

    •••

    .,

    ,,

    ....,

    "

    "

    "

    ..,

    ,.,

    "

    ,..

    ADDITIONAL MO NTH LY CORRECTION

    ,

    M.. ;{).

    -<>. ,

    A"

    0 .0 • .0

    M., .,,.,

    Jun"

    J uly

    A",

    S"pl

    -<>2

    -<>.2

    -<>.2

    -<> .•

    ;{).

    -;0. 2

    -;0.2

    -;0.2

    ;{)

    ,

    0"

    , •• ••••

    Nw

    ;{)2 -<>.2

    ...

    ;{).2 -<>.2

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    463 To be SUBTRACTED from the Observed Altitude of the Star

    STAR'S TOTAL CORRECTION Height of Eye 9.1

    9.'

    10.S

    30

    .

    32

    34

    37

    12.0 39

    6' 00 12 24 36 48

    13.6 13.4 13.2 13.0 12 .8

    13.8 13.5 13.4

    14.0 13.8

    14.2 14.0

    13.6

    13.2 13.0

    13.4

    7 00 15 30 45 00 20 40

    12. 6 12.4

    Metres

    Feet Ob • . All.

    •

    9 00 20 40 10 00 30 1100 30 1200 30 13 00

    30 1400 1500

    16 00 1700

    1800 1900 21 00 23 00

    2500 2700

    2900 3300 3600 41 00 4800 55 00

    6500 7500 8500 9000

    12.8 42

    13.6

    14.5

    15.4

    . ".

    48

    51

    14.4 14.2

    14.6 14 .4

    14.8 14.6

    15.0 14.8

    15.2 15.0

    14.0

    14.2

    14.4

    14.6

    13.8 13.6

    14.0 13.8

    14.2 14.0

    14.4

    13.2

    13.8 13.6 13.4

    14.2

    ],4.8 14.6 14.4

    12.8

    13.0

    13.2 13,0 12.8 12.6 12.4 12.2 12.0

    13.4 13.2 13.0

    13.6

    12.6

    13.4

    13.8 13.6

    14.0 13.8

    12.8 12.6 12.4 12.2

    13.0 12. 8 12.6 12.4

    13.4 13.2 13.0 12.8 12.6

    11.2

    . .

    •

    •

    . .

    16.3 53

    17.2

    18.2

    19.2

    20.2

    21.2

    56

    60

    63

    66

    70

    15.4 15.2 15.0 14.8

    15.6

    15.8 15.6 15.4

    16.0

    16.2

    16.4

    15.8

    16.0

    16.2

    15.6

    15.2 15.0

    15.4 15.2

    15.8 15.6 15.4

    16.0 15 .8 15.6 15.4 15.2 15.0 14.8 14.5 14.4 14.2

    .

    .

    .

    .

    .

    14.6

    15.4 1S.2 15.0 14.8

    14.4

    14.6

    14.8

    15.0

    14.2

    14.6

    14.8

    14. 4 14 .2 14.0 13.8 13.6

    14.6 14.4 14.2 14.0 13.8

    15.2 15 .0 14.8 14.6 14.4 14.2 14.0

    13.6 13.4 13.2 13.0 12.8

    14.2 14.0 13.8 13.6 13.4 13.2 13.0

    14.0 13.8 13.6 13.4 13.2

    14.4 14.2 14.0 13.8 13.6 13.4

    12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4

    12.4 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6

    12.8 12.6 12.4 12.2 12.0 11.8

    11.2 11.0 10.8 10. 6 10.4 10.2 10.0

    11.4 11. 2 11. 0 10.8 10.6 10.4 10.2

    11.6 11.4 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.6 10.4

    11.8 11.6 11.4 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.6

    12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4 11.2 11.0 10.8

    12. 2 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4 11.2 11.0

    12.4 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4 11.2

    12.6 12.4 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4

    12 .8 12.6 12.4 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6

    13.0 12.8 12.6 12.4 12.2 12.0 11.8

    13.2 13.0 12.8 12.6 12.4 12.2 12.0

    13.4 13.2 13.0 12.8 12.6 12.4 12 .2

    13.6 13.4 13.2 13.0 12.8 12.6 12.4

    13.5 13.6 13.4 13.2 13.0 12.8 12.6

    14.0 13.8 13.6 13.4 13.2 13.0 12.8

    9.S 9.6 9.4 9.2 9.0 '.S '.6

    10 . 0

    10.2 10.0

    10.4 10.2 10.0

    10.6 10.4 10.2 10.0

    10.8 10.6 10.4 10.2 10.0

    11.0 10.8 10.6 10.4 10.2 10.0

    11.2 11.0 10.8 10.6 10 . 4 10.2 10.0

    11.4 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.6 10.4 10.2 10.0

    11.6 11.4 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.6 10 .4 10.? 10.0

    11.8 11.6 11.4 11.2 11.0 10. 8 10.6 10.4 10.2 10.0

    12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.6 10.4 10.2

    12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.6 10 .4

    12.4 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.6

    12.6 12.4 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6 ', 1.4 11.2 11.0 10 .8

    10.0

    10.2 10.0

    10.4 10.2 10.0

    10.6 10 .4 10.2 10.0

    '.2 '.0

    9.S 9.' 9 .• 9.2 9.0 S.' '.6 S.' S.2

    7.' 7.6 7.' 7.2 7.1

    S.O 7.' 7.6 7.' 7.3

    '.2 '.0 7.' 7.6 7.5

    12.2

    '.2 S.O

    9.S 9.6 9.' 9.2 9. 0 '.S S.6 S.' S.2

    7.S 7.6 7.' 7.2 7. 0 6.S 6.6 6.' 6.2

    '.0 7.S 7.6 7.' 7.2 7.0 6.' 6.6 6.'

    7.' 7.' 7.2 7.0 6.' '.6

    6.0 5.' 5.6 5.' 5.3

    6.2 6.0 5.S 5.6 5.5

    6.' 6.2 '.0 5.' 5.7

    •••

    9.' 9.6

    9 .• 9.2 9.0

    9.' 9.6 9.' 9.2 9.0

    9.' 9.6 9.' 9.2 9. 0

    ••• '.6 ••• ••• ••• ••• , ••• ••• '.0 '.2 ••• 7.' '.0 '.2

    ..

    7.S 7.6 7.' 7.2 7.0

    ••• 6.6 6.' 6.2 '.0 5.9

    '.0 7.S 7.6 7.' 7.2 7.0 6.S 6.6 6.' '.2 6.1

    13.2

    9.' 9.' 9.' 9.2 9.0

    9.' 9.' 9.' 9.2

    ••• ••• ••• '.2

    '.4

    '.0 7.S 7.6 7.' 7.2

    '.2 '.0 7.' 7.6 7.'

    7.0 6.S 6.6

    7.2 7.0 6.'

    ••• 6.3

    ••• 6.5

    9.0 '.S '.6

    9.S 9.6 9.' 9.' 9.0 S.' S.' S.' '.2 S.O 7.' 7.6 7.' 7.2 7.0 6.' '.7

    9.' 9.6 9. ' 9.2 9. 0

    ••• '.6

    •••

    ' .2 ' .0 7.'

    7.6 7. ' 7.2 7.0 '.9

    9. ' 9.' 9 .• 9.' 9.0 '.S '.6

    •••

    9.' 9.' 9 .• 9.2 9.0

    ••• ••• •••

    9.' 9.6 9. ' 9.2 9.0

    ••• '.6

    ••• '.2 '.0 7.' 7.7

    9.' 9.6 9.' 9.2 9.0

    ••• '.6

    ••• '.2 '.0 7.9

    9.' 9.6 9.' 9.2 9.0

    ••• '.6

    ••• '.2 S.l

    A shortened table of the Star's Total Correction is given inside the back cover

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYINIZ

    471

    MOON'S TOTAL CORRECTION - LOWER LIMB Add to the Observed Altitude of the Moon 's Lower limb Observed Altitude H.P. 38' 00' JO ' 39"00' 30' 40'00 ' JO' 4,°00' 30' 42·00'

    .

    ".0 ". 2

    43.7

    43.5 43.7 43.9

    ...., .... ... ... , 43,9

    ".2

    ".1 ".3 ".5 ".7

    ".B

    55.0 55.2

    55.4 SS., SS. 8

    56.0 55.2

    56. ' 55. 6

    56.8 57.0 57.2 57.4 57.6 57 .8

    43. 2

    42.9

    42. 6

    42 . 3

    42. 1

    41.8

    43.4

    43.1

    42.6

    43.3 43 . 5

    42.3 42.5

    42.0

    43 . 6 43.8 44.0 ".2

    42.S 43.0 43.2 43.S

    4 3.7

    4S. 0 4 5.2 45. 4

    45. 1

    ....

    44.6

    ".3

    45.6

    «., .... , ....... ,

    4 5.3

    45.1

    44.S

    44.5

    4 S.S 45.0 46.3 46.5 46.7 45.9 47.1 47.3 47.5 47.7

    45.5 45.B 45.0 46. 2 46.4 46.5

    45.3 45.5 45.7 45.9 46. 1 46.3 46.5 46.7 46.9 47. 1

    45.0 45. 2 45.4 45.6 45.8 46.0 46.2

    44.7

    " .B

    " .B 47 . 0 47.2 47.4

    47. 9 48.1 48.4 48. 6

    58.0 58.2 58.' 58.' 58.B

    ".B

    59.0 59.2 59.4 59.6 59.8

    49.0 49.2 49. 4 49.6 49.8

    60.0 60.2 60. 4 60.6 60.8 61.0 61.2 61.4 51.5

    SO.O SO.3 SO. 5 SO.7 SO .•

    47.6 47.9

    ".1

    47.4 47.6 47 .9

    ... , .... ... , ... , ".3

    ".0 ".2

    ".7

    49.1 49.3 49.5

    ".8

    49.7 49.9

    49.4 49.6 49 .8

    SO.2 SO .• SO., SO.B

    51.1 51. 3 51. 5 51.6

    51.0 51.<' 51.3

    49.0 49.2

    SO .1 SO.3 SO.5 SO . 7

    SO. ,

    51.0

    43.9 ".2

    .... 46.6 46.8

    47. 1 47.3 47. 5 47 .7 47.9

    43.7 43. 9 44 . 1

    44.9 45.1 45.3 45. 5 4 5.7 4 5.9 46. 1 46.3 46.5 46.7 47.0 47.2 47.4 47.6 47.8 48.0

    42.8

    43.0 43.2 43.4 43.6

    42 .7 42.9 43.1

    43.8

    43.3 43.S

    .. . 0 44.2

    43. 7 43.9

    .... 44 .5

    " .B 45. 0 45.2 45.4 45.5 4 5.B 46. 0 46.2 46.4 45.6 46.8 47.1 47.3 47.5 47.7 47.9

    43.0

    42 . 7

    43. 5 43. 7 43.9

    43. 2 43. 4 43.6 43.8

    44.0 ". 2

    42.9 43.1 43.3 43.5 43.7 43. 9

    44.' ".B

    ".1 ".3 " .5

    43.5 43. S

    ".0 44.2 44.'

    ... , 44.8

    45.0 45.2 4 5. 4 45.6 45. 8 46. 0 46.2 46.4 46.6 46.8 47 . 0 47.2 47.4 47.6

    49. I 49.3 49.5 49. 7 49 . 9

    .... ......., .... ... ,

    SO.2 SO . • SO., SO. 7

    SO.O SO.2 SO .•

    ".5 ". 7

    ".2

    49.1 49.3 49 . 5 49.7 49.9

    ".8

    47 .8

    ".0 ".2

    49.0 49.2 49.4 49.6 49 .7

    SO.O

    41.0 41.2 4 1. 4 41.6

    42.8

    ".0

    48. 8 49 .0 49.2 49,4 49.6 49,8

    41.3 41.5 41.7 41.9 42. 1

    43. 1 43. 3

    ".3

    4B.6

    4 1.6 41.8 42.0

    43.4

    ". 1

    ".2

    40.8

    42.3 42.5

    ... , ....

    48.3

    ".5 ".7

    40.6

    4 1. 1

    42. 3 42.5 42. 7 42.9

    46. 1 46.3 46.5 46 . 7 46. 9 47.1 47.4 47.6 47.B

    ".1

    40.9

    42.4

    44. 3 44.5 44. 9 45.1 4 5.3 45.5 45. 7 45.9

    41.2 41.4

    42. 5 42.8 43.0 43. 2

    42.2

    ... , 49.1 49.3 49.4

    ". 1

    ". 3

    42.2 42.4

    42. 6

    ..., .... .... 5 44.7 45.1 45.3 4 5.5 45.7 45 .9 45.1 46.3 46.5 45.7 45.9 47.1 47.3 47.5 47. 7 47.9

    " .1

    ".3

    ... ,

    45.2 45. 4 45.5 45.B 46,0 46. 2 46.4 46.6

    45.0 45.2 4 5.4 4 5. 6 45 .B 45.0 45.2

    ".S 47. 0 47.2 47,4 47.6 47.8

    ".0 ".2

    46 .8 47.0 47.2 47.4 47.6 47.8

    49.0

    ".0 ".2

    " .7

    41.0 41.2 41.4 41. 6 41.8 42. 0

    39.9

    45"00' 39.6

    40 . 1

    39 . 8

    40.3 40.5

    40.0

    40.7

    40. 4 40.6

    40.9

    40.2

    40.8

    " .0

    41.9 42.1 42.3 42.5 42 .7 42.9 43.1 43.3 43.5 43. 7

    41.6 4 1.S 42.0 42. 2 42:.3 42:.5 42.7 42.9 43.1 43.3

    ... , ....

    43.9

    ".0 44.2

    43.5 43. 7 43.9

    ".1 44 .3 ".5 " .7

    .......,

    40.3 40 .S 40. 6 40.B

    30'

    41.2 41.4

    42.5 42.7 42.9 43.1 43.3 43.5 43.7 43.9

    44.8

    44000 '

    41.1 4 1.3 41.5 41.7

    4 1. 8 4 1. 9 42. 1 42.3

    45.0

    ...., ... , ... .... ".5 ".7

    JO '

    43"00 '

    41. 5 4 1. 7 41 .9 42.1

    44.1

    ". 7

    30'

    45.1 45.3 45 .5 45.7 45.9

    ". 1 ".3 46 .5 46.7 46.9 47.1 47.3 47.5 47.7 47.9

    ".0

    42.2 42.4 42.5 42.8 43.0 43. 2 43. 4 U. 6 43.8

    ".2 44 .' 44.8 45 . 0 4 5.2 45 .4 45.6 45.8 46. 0

    46.2 46.3 46.5 46. 7 46.9 47.1 47.3 47.5 47.7

    .... 44.6

    44.8

    41.0

    44.1

    ... , ... , 44. 3

    4 5.0 45 .2 45. 4 45.6

    45. 1 45.3

    4 5.8 46.0 46.2 45'46.6 46.8 47.0 47,2 47.3

    45.5 45.6 4S.S 46.0 46.2 45 . 4 46.5 46.S 45.9

    " .7

    Height of Eye Correction Alway s ADDED to the Observed Altitude Metres Feet

    2 7

    Corrn '

    '.8

    2.3 B

    ,.,

    ,

    2.7

    ,..

    3. 1

    3. 5

    3. '

    "

    '.0

    "

    8.B

    '.2

    "

    •••

    .. ,

    5.'

    5. ,

    8.'

    8.'

    B.2

    "

    B.O

    "

    "

    "

    '.5 21 7.8

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    502

    RADAR PLOTTER'S SPEED AND DISTANCE TABLE SPEED IN KNOTS

    ,., ",., 0, ,., ,.,.,, ,., " ,.",

    Miles

    In

    Miles

    In

    0-13 0 -15 0 -17 0 ·18

    0- 17

    0·2<) 0·2.3 025 0·28 030 0·33 0-35 038 040 0·43 0·45 0048 0·50 0·53 0-55 058 0·60 063 065 0·68

    027 0·30 0·33

    0·33 0·38 0·42 0·46 0·50 054 0·58 063

    0 -40 0·45

    0·50 0·55 0·60 065

    0 -67

    0 80

    31 -5 32·0 32-5 33·0

    0·2.3 0·25 027 029

    0 '13

    0·20 0·22 0·2J 0·25

    0·.).3 038 0040

    0,11 0 ·12

    0,13

    0·33

    30·' 31 -0

    IN KNOTS

    0-07 0·08 0·08 0·10 0·10

    0-19 0-21

    0·18 0·18 0 -19

    0·20 0·21

    0·22 0'23

    0·2.3 0·24 0·25 0·26 0·27 0·21\ 021\ 029 0·30 0-31 0';12 0·33 0·33 0·34 0<35 0 ·36 0,37 0·38 0·38 0, 39 0·40 0-41 0·42 0 -43 0·43 0·44 0·';5 0,46 0-47 0-48 048 0-49 0 50 0-51 0 52 0·53 0·53 0·54

    OSS

    0·32

    0,35 0·37

    038 0040 0-42 0-43 0,45 0-47 0048

    0·50 0-52

    053 0·55 0·57

    0·58 060 062 0·63 0·65 0·67

    0·68 0 ·70

    0·72 0 ·73 0-75 0·77 0-78

    080 082 0·83 085 0·87

    088 0·90 0·92 0·9.] 0-95 O~

    0·98 1·00

    0-31

    0·35

    0042 0-44 0·46 0 ·48

    0·50 0·52

    054 0·56 058 0·60 0·63 065 0·67

    0·69 0·71 0 ·73 0 ·75

    0·77 0·79 0 ·81 0 ,8.)

    0·85 088 090 092 0·91 096 098 100 102 J.()'

    1 06 1 08

    HO H3 H 5 H 7 H 9 1·21

    1 2.3 1·25

    0 -70 0 ·73

    0·75 0 -78

    080 083 085 0·88 0·90 0·9.] 0·95 0·98 100 1·03 105 1·08 H O 1·13 1-15 H8

    120 1·2] 1 25 1·28 1·30 H I 1·35 1·38 1 ·40 1·43 1 ·45 1-48

    BO

    H" 1·03

    1·27 ' ·29

    1·53

    1 05 ' ·07

    1 -31

    ' ·33 '·35 1·38

    HO

    1·58 1·60 1·63 1·65 1<8

    142

    ' ·70

    H.

    » .,

    0·56

    H O 1-12

    " ·0

    0 ,57

    HI

    I·SS

    0-37 0 -40

    0·43 0 ·47

    0·50 053 0·57 0·50 063 0·67 0-70 0·73 0.77

    0·80 0·83 0·87

    0·90 0·9.] O ·~

    100 1·03 1·07

    HO H 3 H 7

    HO

    1·2.3 1·27 1·30 1·33 1·37

    0-71 0-75 080 063 088 0,91

    0% 1·00 10. 108 1-13

    1<17 1 21 1 25 1·29 1·33 1·38 1-42 1,46

    1·50 1·54 1·58 1·63 1-67

    HI

    HO

    1·75

    1-43

    1·79 1·83 188 1·92

    147 1·50 1·53 1·57

    1·60 H3 1·67 1·70 1 ·73 1·77

    ).80 1·83 1·87

    1·90 1·9.] 1·~

    2·00 2<>3 2<11 2·10 2·13 2 -17

    2·20 2·2.3 2·Z/

    "'l6

    ' ·0

    , ·0

    0,95

    ,.,

    1 00

    10 -0

    1 ,05

    10 ,5

    110 H 5

    11 ·0 lHi 12·0 12·5 13·0 13·5 14·0 14-5 1!1 'O 15·15 16·0 18-5 11 ·0 11' S 18·0

    UO

    1·25 1·30 1·35

    HO l AS

    1·50 1·55

    HO

    1·65 1·70 1<75

    1·80 1·85 ,.,.0 1·95 2·00 2·05 2-10 2-15

    2·20 2·25

    2·30 2·35

    2·55 2 'f:,()

    2·25 2·29 HI 2·38

    2-70 2-75

    2'/9 2·83

    ,.,

    0 ·85

    2·13 2-17 2·21

    2·67 2 -71 2·75

    ...,.,

    090

    2,40 2·45

    2·50 2·54 2·58 2·63

    ,.,.,,

    .,,..a,"

    0·70 0-75

    0.00 2·04 2·08

    2·42 2,46

    SP EED

    In 6 mi n.

    0-17

    24·5 25'0 25·5 26' 0 26·5 27-0 27 ·5 28 -0 21-5 29-0 21-5 30·0

    Miles

    S m in.

    10-0 10 ·5 11 ·0 11-5 12-0 12·5 13 ·0 13·5 14·0 14'$ 15·0 15·5

    24·,

    In

    -4 m in.

    0·30

    21·0 21 ·5 22·0 'N 23-0 23-5

    Mi les

    In

    3 m in.

    0 -15 0·16

    20·' 20·,

    Miles

    2i' min .

    Q' I4

    11 '0 17-5 18·0 18 -5 19·0 19-5

    In

    2 m in.

    H

    18 '$

    Miles

    In

    I m in.

    0·27 0·26

    HI·a

    Miles

    2·50

    265 2·80 285 2·90 2·95 300 3·05

    HO

    3015

    ;"0 3·25 3·30 3·35 340

    18·5 19-0 19-5

    20·' 20 'S 21 ·0 21 ·5 22-0 2U 23·0 23·5 24·0 24·5 25 ·0 25 ·5 26·0 26·5 27 ·0 21-5 28 ·0 28-5 29 ,0 29 ·5 30-0

    30·'

    3H 3Hi

    ,H 32·5 33·.

    ,,.. ,,~

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    501

    RADAR RANGE TABLE

    T he accompanyi ng

    l~bl e

    gives the approx imate distance

    of t he 'r~d8r horizon' cor resp o nding to different h eig h ts 01 t he radar aeria l or targe t fro m whi<:; h Br'! echo is returned , and is b ,15ed o n t he f ormula'-

    horiwn din. in n.mls .. 2.2h/11 where h .. height o f aeria l o r t arget in metres

    In similar mannllr to light waves, radio waves are refracted in passing throu gh the atmosphere. T h is nil the e ff ect 01 making ,he d istance o f the , ad .. , hor izon for 3cm. waves.

    under certa in sta ndard cond itions of Ihe a t mosphere, about 15 per cent. grea te r th a n t h e d istar\Ce of th e geome trical horizon . Hence, lak ing Ihe lalter in nau tica l m ites to be 1.92../h, the d ista nce 01 the radar horizon b ecomH 2 .2 1.j h. T his w ill be co rrect only under the standard co nd itions, and fNefY departure from such sla nda rd wi ll cause t he d istaJl(:e$ 10 ~a ry ~omewhal. T he !itan da rd ref erred to is as follows :At mospher ic pressure 1013mb. d ec reasing wit h heig ht a l the rate of appro x imately 100mb . p er 1000m. Air temperature a l sea leve l 30"C. dl.lCreasing with heigh t all he rate 01 6.5 0 C p er 10oom. 60 per cent. rela tive humidity rema in ing co nnarot wi t h he i9 h t. Apa rt from var ia tio ns from Ihe above standard , t he range al which ta rge t ec hoes can be seen o n Ihe P.P.I. sc reen wi ll depe nd 10 a co nsid erab le ex le nt o n Ih e c ha rac le ristics 01 the par t ic u lar radar installat io n and o n t he I.IC hoing q ua li t ies o f th e target. Used with discre t ion, howe ve r, t he in formation gi ven in th e table can be of m uch va lu e to t he radar observer.

    m

    ,,

    6 8 10 15 20 25

    h. 7 13 20

    '6

    6.3 7.0

    49 66 8' 98

    8 .6 9.9

    33

    m

    40

    131 148

    50

    '"

    60

    180 197

    70 80

    ,.,

    55

    90 100 >1 0

    3 .1 '.4 5 .4

    30 35 45

    Range M"

    230

    295 328 36IJ

    1 1.1 12. 1 13. 1 14 .0 14 .8 15.6 16.0 17 .1 18.5 19.8 21.0 22.1 23.0

    R,_ m.

    h.

    MI.

    110 120 130 140 150

    360 390 430 '60 490

    23 24 25

    160

    530

    180 190

    590 6" 660

    30 31 31

    720

    33 34

    H O 560

    200

    no

    '6 27

    '8 29

    240 '50 280 300

    790 850 920 980

    37 38

    320

    1050 1120

    40

    340 36IJ

    1 180

    380 1250 400 1310

    36

    41

    "

    43

    44

    No te : - T he su m of t he radar hor izon d istances o f aer ial and ta rge t res pl.ICt i~ el y gives th e maxi m um dista nce from which t hat targe t can re turn a n ech O.

    1. A 1arge l o f heigh t 120m (390ftl shou ld begi n to ap pear on th e P.P.I. of an inS laUation Wil h a n a erial mounted IOm (33 ft l a bove sea level at a range o f approximately 24+7 " 3 1 miles 2. If an echo l irSI appears o n t he P.P. I. (aerial 10m (33 ft) above $fa level) at a range of 26 m il es, t he pro ba ble he ight 01 Ih e lerga t il of t he o rde r of a bo ut 70m (230ft!. This may an ist in ident ifyi ng it. CAUTI ON: ONL Y.

    TO 8E USED WITH 3am. WA VE RADAR

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    5,2

    DISTANCE BY VERTICAL ANGLE Heig ht of Object

    •

    E

    •ue •

    "

    "

    m 46 I1 151

    .,

    0.1 .2 .3 .4

    13 57

    0 .5 6 .7 .8

    ..

    47.5

    ' 56

    .6.

    • ,

    • ,

    14 705 7 444 4 333 3

    SO.5

    52

    53.5

    55

    56.5

    58

    59.5

    6'

    62. 5

    64

    65.5

    '66

    171

    176

    180

    185

    190

    " 5

    200

    205

    210

    215

    • ,

    ·,

    •

    .

    ., .

    ,

    ., .

    ,

    .

    .,

    ••

    23 18 53 40

    15 15

    7 32 5 02 347

    745 5 12 354

    2 51 222 2 02 147 1 35

    266 227 206 1 51 1 38

    3 02 2 31 2 10 164 1 41

    3 2 2 1 1

    07 3. 14 57 44

    3 2 2 2 1

    13 41 18 01 47

    3 18 245 222 204 1 50

    3 24 2SO 226 2 08 1 53

    329 2 55 2 30 2 11 1 5.

    3 35 2 5. 234 2 15 200

    3 41 304 2 38 2 18 2 03

    346 309 242 2 21 206

    3 3 2 2 2

    52 13 4. 25

    o.

    3 57 3 18 2SO 2 28 2 12

    4 03 3 22 2 54 232 2 15

    10 .1 .2 3 .4

    1 1 1 1 1

    1 1 1 1 1

    1 1 1 1 1

    1 34 1 25 1 18 12 1 07

    1 1 1 1 1

    3' 28 20 14 09

    1 1 1 1 1

    1 1 1 1 1

    42 33 25 18 13

    1 1 1 1 1

    45 35 27 21 15

    1 1 1 1 1

    48 38 30 23

    1 1 1 1 1

    50 '0 32 24 19

    1 1 1 1

    • 53 43

    1 1 1 1 1

    5. .5 37 29 23

    1 1 1 1 1

    2 02 1 50 141 134 127

    1.5 .6 .7 .8

    o o

    1 02

    1 06 102 058 o 55 o 52

    1 08 1 04 1 00 0 56 054

    1 1 1 0

    10

    08 03

    1 1 1 1

    14 09

    o

    1 1 1 1 0

    1 1 1 1 1

    17 12 08 04 01

    1 1 1 1 1

    •

    25 18 11

    06 01

    28 20 13

    08 03

    o 5. o 55 o 52

    31 23 16 10 05

    •

    ' 5 41 16 07 16 32 1658 17 23 759 8 13 8 27 8 40 8 54 521 5 30 539 5 48 5 58 4 01 408 4 15 422 429

    •

    14 49

    3. 30 23 16 11

    17

    17

    .08 • 07 4 3.

    18 14 18 39 1. 04 1929 • 48 10 02 •6 21 16 •6 35 25 .34 .43 442 5 4. 5 03

    • ••

    34 27 21

    5. 48

    3. 31 25

    I.

    57 53 050 047 045

    04' 046

    048

    04.

    1 04 1 00 o 57 054 o 51

    2.0 .1 .2 .3 .4

    043 041 039 037 036

    044 042 040 038 037

    045 043 041 039 038

    047 045 043 041 0 39

    048 046 0 44 042 0 40

    050 047 045 043 041

    051 04. 046 044 043

    052 OSO 048 046 0 44

    054 051 04. 047 045

    055 053 050 048 04.

    057 054 051 04. 047

    058 o 55 053 OSO 048

    05. 057 054 052 04.

    101 058 055 0 53 051

    2.5 .6

    034 033 032 030 029

    035 034 033 031 030

    036 035 034 032 031

    0 37 036 035 033 032

    039 0 37 036 034 033

    040 038 037 035 034

    041 039 0 38 036 035

    042 040 039 037 o 36

    043 041 040 038 037

    0 44 042 041 03' 038

    045 044 0 42 040 039

    04. 045 043 041 040

    048 046 044 042 041

    04. 047 045 043 042

    02. 028 o 26 024 023

    030 o 2. 027 025 024

    031 029 028 026 025

    032 030 028 027 025

    033 031 029 o 28 o 26

    034 032 030 028 027

    035 033 o 31 o 2. 028

    036 034 032 030 028

    037 035 032 031 029

    038 035 033 o 31 030

    o 3. o 36

    o 40

    .8

    028 027 025 024 022

    034 032 031

    037 035 033 o 31

    0 41 038 o 36 034 032

    '.0 .2 .4 .6 .8

    o 21 020 o 19 o 19 o 18

    022 021 020 o 1. o 18

    023 022 021 020

    023 022 o 21 020 020

    024 023 022 0 21 020

    025 024 023 022 0 21

    o 26 024 023 022 021

    026 025 0 24 023 022

    027 028 024 023 022

    o 28 o 28

    028 027 o 26 025 024

    029 028 o 2' 025 024

    030 28 027 026 025

    030 029 o 28 026 025

    5.0 .2 .4

    0 0 0 0 0

    0 0 0 0 0

    0 0 0 0 0

    1. 19 18 17 17

    18 18 017

    020 020 o 19 018 o 18

    o 21 020

    o o o

    I.I. 18

    022 o 21 020 o 19 o 1.

    022 o 21 020 020

    023 022 021 020 020

    0 23 022 o 21 021 020

    024 023 022 o 21 020

    024 023 023 022 021

    6.0

    0 14

    0 15

    o 19 o 18 o 17 0 17 o 1. o 16

    020

    •.8•

    017 o 16 o 16 015 o 15

    0

    "

    0 17

    0 17

    0 17

    0 18

    o

    o

    020

    020

    ••

    .7

    .8

    • 3.0 .2 .4

    •

    18 17

    "

    16 15

    1 01 057 o 53

    OSO

    o

    I. 18 17 17 16 16

    0 15

    Tan . El '

    o 5. o 55 o 52

    o o o

    I.

    06

    02 58 55

    12 00 57

    o

    05

    01 58

    025 0 24 023

    o o

    1 1 1 1 1

    15 11

    07 03

    00

    I. I. I. 18

    14

    10 06 03

    o

    1 1 1 1 1

    21 16 12 08

    04

    h

    (j" " Where El · venical angle, h ' heighl of object, and d • distance .

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    AÇIKLAMA SAYFASINA DÖNMEK IÇIN TIKLAYINIZ

    516

    EXTREME RANGE TABLE Height of Eye

    Elevation

    m

    " • • •

    m

    1 .'

    3

    4.'

    •

    8

    1.

    12

    14

    16

    18

    5

    1.

    15

    20

    2.

    33

    39

    46

    52

    59

    2 .• 5.5

    3 .•

    4A 7A 8 .• 9 .• 10.4

    5 .1 8 .1 9.3 10.3

    5.9 8.9

    7.3

    8A 11 .3

    8 .9 11 .9

    11 .1

    11.1

    11.8

    11.7 12.3 12~

    12.4 13,0 13.5

    13.3

    14.0

    14.8

    14.5

    15.3

    15.0

    15~

    2 4

    13

    .~

    •••

    8

    20 2.

    7.7 B.5

    8.8 9.6

    33 39 46 52 59

    9 .2 9.B 10.4 10.9

    10.3 10.9

    11 .4

    12.0 12.5

    66

    11 .9 12.4

    13.0 13.5

    10 12 14 1. 18

    7

    7~

    11 .5

    '3.7

    13.9 14.3 14.7

    13.B 14.3 14.7 15. 1 15.5

    98 115 131 148 164

    14.0 15.0 15B 16.6 17 .4

    15. 1 16.0 16.9 17.7 18.4

    15.9 16.8 17 .7 18.5 19.2

    16.6 17 .5 18.4 19.2

    18.1

    75

    180 197 213 230 246

    19.5 20.1 20.7

    19.2 19.9 20.5 21.1 2 1.7

    80 SS

    279

    21.3 21.9 22.4 23.0 23.5

    20 22 24

    26 2B 30

    35 40 45 50 55

    60 65

    70

    90 95

    100

    72 79 SS 92

    262 295 312 328

    12~

    13.2

    •••

    10.1

    ,.~

    1 1.4

    7.8 10.8 12.0

    11.1 11 .9

    11.8

    1 2.4

    13,0

    12.6 13.5

    12.6

    13.2

    13.8

    13.3 13.9 14.5 15.0 15.5

    13.9 14.5 15. 1

    12.6 13 .2 lU

    14.3

    9 .•

    10.2

    ..

    2.

    9.4 12.3

    22 72 9.8 12.8

    13.6

    14,0

    14 ,5

    14.3

    13.1 14.0 14.8

    15.0 15.8

    14.5

    15.0

    15.5

    16.0

    15.6

    16.1 16.7

    15.6

    15.1 15.7 16.2

    16. 1

    16.6 17.2 17.1 18.3

    16.0 16.5

    17.5 17.9 18.3

    15.4

    16.2

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    15.8 16.2

    16.6 17.0

    17.3 17.7

    16.2 ,. ~

    17.3

    16.7

    17.3

    17.8

    16.6

    17.2

    17.1

    17.7 18.1

    18.5 18.9

    17.7 18.2 18.6 19.1 19.5

    18.7 19.7 20.5 21.3 22.1

    19.3 20.2 21.1 21.9 22.7

    18.3

    15.3

    16.5 17.1 17.7

    18 .2 18.7

    18.7 19.2

    19.2

    19.6 20.0

    19.6 20. 1 20.'

    20.1 20.5 20.9

    19.9 20.8 21.6 22.4 23.2

    20,4 21.3 22.1 2B 23.7

    20.8 21 .8 22.6 23.4 24.2

    21 .3 22.2 23.1 23.9 24 .6

    23 .9 24.6 25.3 25.9 26.5

    24.4 25.1 25B 26.4 27.0

    24.9 25.6 26.3 26.9 27.5

    25.4 26.1 28.7 27.4 28.0

    28. 1 28.7 29.2

    18.7 19.2

    19.1

    19~

    17,4 18.3 19.2 20.0 20.7

    20.7 21.4

    20.0 20.7 21 .3 2 1.9 22.5

    20.7 2 1.4 22.0 22.7 23.3

    21 .5 22.2 22.8 23.5 24.1

    22.2 22.9 23.5 24.2 24.8

    22.8 23.5 24.1 25.4

    23.4 24.1 24.7 25.4 26.0

    22.4 22.9 23.5 24.0 24 .6

    23.2 23.7 24.3 24.8 25.4

    23.9 24.4 25.0 25.6 26.1

    24.7 25.2 25.8 26.3 26.9

    25.4 25.9 26.5 27.0 27.6

    26.0 26.6 27.1 27.7 28.2

    26.6 27.2 27.7 28.3 202

    27.1 27.7 28.3 28.8 29.3

    27.6 28.2 28.8 29.3 29.8

    30.3

    28.6 29.1 29.7 30.2 30.8

    24 .5 25.5 26.5 27.4 28.2

    25.6 26.6 27.5 28.4 29.3

    26.' 27.4 28.3 29.2 30.1

    27.1 28.1 29.0

    27~

    28.6 29.6 30.5 31.4 32.3

    29.2 30.2 31.1 32.0 32.9

    29.8 30.8 31.7 32.6 33.5

    30.' 3 1.3 32.3 33.2 34.0

    30.9 31 .8 32.8 33.7 34.5

    3 1.3 32.3 33.3 34.2 35.0

    31.8 JOB 33.7 34 .6 35.5

    33.8 34.6 35.4 36.1 36.9

    34.3 35.2 35.9 36.7 37.5

    34.9 35.7 36.5 37.3 38.•

    35.4 36.2 37.0 37.8 38.5

    35.9 36.7 37.5 38.2 39.0

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    361 394

    160 170 180 190 200

    525 558 591 623

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    30.9 31.7 32.5 33.3 34.1

    31 .6 32.4 33.2 34.0 3 4.8

    32.4 33.2 34.B 35.6

    33. 1 33.9 34.7 35.5 36.3

    689 722

    32.9 33.6 34.3 35.0 35.7

    34.0 34 .7 35.4 36.1 36.8

    34.8 35.5 36.2 36.9 31.6

    35.5 36.2 36.9 37.6 38.3

    36.3 37.0 37.7 38.4 39.1

    37.0 37.7 38.4 39. 1 39B

    37.6 38.3 39.0 39.7 40.4

    38.2 38.9 39.6 40.3 41.0

    38.7 39.5 40.1 40.8 41.5

    39.2 40.0 40.7 4 1.3 42.0

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    36.3 37.0 37.6 38.2 38.9

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    38.2 38.9 39.5 40.1 40.7

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    40.4 41 .0 41.7 42.3 42.9

    41 .0 4 1.7 42.3 42.9 43.5

    41.6 42.3 42.9 43.5 44 .1

    42.2 42.8 43.4 44.1 44.7

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    43.2 43.6 44.4 45.0 4 5.7

    43.6 44.3 44.9 45.5 46.1

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    459 492

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    210 220 230 240 250

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    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    519

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    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    518

    DISTANCE OF THE SEA HORIZON H e ight

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    18 20

    49 51 5.3 5.5 5.7

    21

    23 25 26

    28

    30 31

    10.0

    33

    11 12 13

    36 39

    ,.

    46

    15

    49

    16 17 18 19 20

    52

    43

    66 50

    62 66

    5.9 6. 1 63 6.5 6.6 6.9 7.3 7.6 7.8 8. 1 8A 86 8.9 9 .1 9A

    21

    69

    22

    72

    9.6 9.8

    23 24

    75

    10.0

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    10.3 10. 5

    26

    85

    10.7

    27

    89

    28

    82

    10.9 11.1

    29 10

    95

    1 1.3

    98

    1 1.5

    32 33

    31

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    11.7 11.9 12.0 12. 2 12.4

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    35

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    36 37 38

    118

    39 40

    121

    125

    128 131

    12.6 12.7 12.9 13.1 13.3

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    131 13B 144 161 157 164

    13.3 13.6 13.9

    200 205 210

    14.2 ,4 ,5 14.8

    215

    220 225

    722

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    31.1 31 .4

    52

    171

    230

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    31 .8

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    15.1 15.4 15 .7

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    203 210 217

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    30.0

    68' 705 771 781 804

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    240 245 250

    16 .5 16. 8 17.0 11.3 17 .5

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    853 886 919 951 984

    33.8

    310 320 330 340 350

    1017

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    32.5

    32.8 33. 1 34.4 35. 1

    35.7 36.3

    70

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    72

    17.8

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    236 243 249 256 262

    B2 84

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    19.0 19 .2

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    '76

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    19.4 19.7

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    19 .9

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    302 308 315 322 328

    20. 1 20.3 20.5 20.7 21 .0

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    1378

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    43.4

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    1444 1476

    43.9 44A

    344 361

    2 1.5 22.0 22.5 23.0

    460 470 480 490

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    44.9

    1542 1575

    4 5.4

    1608 1640

    46.4

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    47.3 47 .8

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    94 96 98

    100 105 110 115 120 125

    377

    394 410

    130 135 140 145 150

    459 .,6 482

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    160 165 170 17'

    180 185 190 195 200

    427 443

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    541 658

    57' 591 607

    623 640 6..

    18 .0

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    360 370 380 390 400

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    37.5

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    1181 1214

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    1247 1280

    4 0.8 41 .4

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    41 .9

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    1706 1739

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    580 570

    1837 1870

    49.6

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    50.0 50.'

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    50.9 51.3

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    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    520

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    EXAMPlE I. A ship In D.R. position Lu.. lr 37' N .. Lon,. 56- 25' W .• (<<.Ivu from l Radio Statloo In Lat. IS· I'" N .. Lone. 7S g 32' W., u.e Radio beanne 07..G• Find tlMo correction and the correlpondln, Meraotorial bu r ing.

    Men Lilt. I.

    t

    (39' 37'+35" 14' ) o r

    t

    (7"· 51 ' ) - 37··...

    O. Lone. I1 75· 31' _ S6 G 25' _ 19'· 1. For Mun lat. 37"... and D. Lone. 19"·1 the Table "ves .. corrc«lon of 6· (approx.). Allowin, th ll correction towards tJle Equator t hoe correspond ;n, Me rutorlaJ budne Is found to be 07 .. 'r 6- _ 080-. EXA MPLE 2. A ship In D.R. position ut. 37· 26' S.. Lone. 84" 35' W ., finds, with her own appantus, thoe Radio bearln, of a uatiorl In Lat. 360 37' 5., Lon,. 73" 0) ' W ., to be 089' . Find the correction and t he correspondln, H,rC:iltor ial bear In,. for' Mbn u t. 37" and D. Lone. 11 0.5 tJlc Tablc ,ives a correction of ) 0·5 (lpproX.). to

    Allow in, thl, correction towards tkle EquatOf' tkle correspondin, M,rcatoria! beanne is b.lnd b, (189' -) 0·5 _ 08SG.S,

    SCANNED By MKP - 2005

    522

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    11. 11S 116 117

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    I

    DECIM"'~S

    ,

    .0

    OF THE DEGREE

    .2

    ·G

    ••

    0 0.000 0.003 0.007 0.010 0.013 _020 ,023 .02 7 .030 .017 1 ,043 ,040 .047 .033 .037 2 .057 .060 .063 .050 .053 3 _0 73 .080 .070 .077 4 .067 5 0 .083 0 .087 0.090 0 .093 0 .097 .11 3 .103 .107 .110 .1 00 6 .127 .130 . 117 .120 .123 7

    • 9

    .133 .150

    .137

    .153

    .140 .157

    .143 .1 60

    . 147

    .163

    10 0. 167 0. 170 0.173 0.177 0.180 .190 .193 .197 .183 .1 87 .210 .207 .21.3 12 .200 .203 .227 .230 .217 .220 .2 23 13 .240 .243 .247 .233 .237

    " ,.

    0.250 0 .253 0 .257 0.260 0.263 .277 .280 .267 .270 .273 .297 .287 .290' .293 17 .283 .310 .3 13 .303 .307 18 .300 .327 .330 .3 17 .320 .323 15

    " "

    20 0.333 0.337 0.340 0 .343 0.347 .363 .353 .357 .360 21 .350 .377 .380 .367 .370 .373 22 .397 .387 .390 .393 23 .383 .410 .413 24 .400 .403 .407 25 0.417 0.420 0.423 0.427 0.430 .447 .437 .440 .443 .433 26 .463 .450' ,453 .457 .460 27 ,467 .473 .477 .480 .470 2. .497 .487 .490 .493 29 .483

    30 0.500 0.503 0.507 0.510 0.513 .527 .530 .5 17 .520 .523 .547 .537 .540 .543 .533 32 .557 .560 .563 33 .550 .553 .573 .57 7 .580 34 .567 .570

    "

    35 0.583 0 .587 0.590 0.593 0.597 .607 .610 .6 13 .600 .603 .620 .623 .6 27 .630 .617 37 .643 .647 .63 7 .640 38 .63 3 .663 .653 .657 .660 39 .650

    "

    40 0 .667 0 .670 0.673 0.677 0 .680 .697 .687 .690 .693 41 .683 .707 .710 .713 .700 .703 4' .723 .727 .730 43 .717 .720 .747 .740 .743 44 . .733 .73 7

    "

    46 47 4. 49

    0.750 0.753 0.757 0 .760 0 .763 .770 .773 .777 .780 .767 .797 .783 .787 .790 .793 .807 .8 10 .813 .800 .803 .827 .817 .820 .823 .830

    50 0.833 0.837 0 .840 0.843 0.847 .857 .853 .860 .863 51 .850 .873 .877 .880 .870 52 .867 .887 .890 .893 .897 .883 53 .903 .907 .910 .913 54 .900 55 0 .9 17 0 .920 0.923 0.927 0.930 .947 .937 .940 .943 56 .933 .957 .960 .963 57 .950 .953 .977 .980 .967 .970 .973 58 .997 .983 .987 .990 .993 59

    STAR'S TOTAL CORRECTION Metres Fee, Ob ..... 't.

    .000

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