USOORE42184E

(19) United States (12) Reissued Patent

(10) Patent Number: US RE42,184 E (45) Date of Reissued Patent: *Mar. 1, 2011

Bass et a]. (54)

OPTICALLY WRITTEN DISPLAY

(56)

U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS

(75) Inventors: Michael Bass, Vero Beach, FL (U S); Jason Eichenholz, Orlando, FL (U S); Alexandra Rapaport, Hem (FR)

4,448,547 4,791,415 4,871,231 4,978,888 5,003,179

(73) Assignee: Research Foundation of the University of Central Florida, Inc., Orlando, FL Notice:

5,142,388 5,154,962 5,184,114 5,192,946 5,245,623 5,317,348 5,359,345 5,583,393 5,622,807

This patent is subject to a terminal dis claimer.

(21) App1.No.: 11/805,862 (22) Filed:

A A A A A

5,051,278 A

(Us) (*)

References Cited

May 23, 2007 Related US. Patent Documents

A A A A A A A A A

5/1984 12/1988 10/1989 12/1990 3/1991

Wickerheim Takahashi Garcia, Jr. Anandan et a1. Pollack

9/1991 PaZ-Pujalt 8/1992 Watanabe 10/1992 Mertens et a1. 2/1993 Brown

3/1993 9/1993 5/1994 10/1994 12/1996 4/1997

Thompson et al. McFarlane Knize Hunter Jones Cutler et al.

(Continued)

Reissue of:

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

(64) Patent No.: Issued: Appl. No.:

6,897,999 May 24, 2005 10/329,920

Kaminskii, Alexander A.; Laser Crystals, Springer Series in Optical Sciences, v. 14, 1981, pp. 170*311.

Filed:

Dec. 26, 2002

Primary ExamineriHemang Sanghavi (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firijoodcock Washburn LLP

US. Applications: (60)

(57)

Continuation-in-part of application No. 09/976,921, ?led on Oct. 12, 2001, now Pat. No. 6,501,590, which is a continua

tion-in-part of application No. 09/919,131, ?led on Jul. 31, 2001, now Pat. No. 6,654,161, and a continuation-in-part of application No. 09/919,130, ?led on Jul. 31, 2001, now Pat. No. 6,844,387, which is a division of application No. 09/448,657, ?led on Nov. 24, 1999, now Pat. No. 6,327,074.

(60)

Provisional application No. 60/342,578, ?led on Dec. 26, 2001, and provisional application No. 60/109,837, ?led on Nov. 25, 1998.

(51)

Int. Cl. G02F 1/35 G02F 2/02 G11C 13/04

Two, three dimensional color displays having uniform dis persion of red, green and blue visible light emitting micron particles. Pumping at approximately 976 nm can generate green and red colors having an approximately 4% limit ef? ciency. One source can generate three colors with approxi mately limit e?iciency. Modulators, scanners and lens can move and focus laser beams to different pixels forming two dimensional color images. Displays can be formed from near infrared source beams that are simultaneously split and

(2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01)

modulated with micro electro mechanical systems, spatial

light modulators, liquid crystal displays, digital micromirrors, digital light projectors, grating light valves,

(52)

US. Cl. ...................... .. 359/326; 365/151; 501/123;

(58)

Field of Classi?cation Search ........ .. 359/3264332;

501/126; 501/904

365/151; 372/6, 3942; 501/40, 50, 64, 78, 501/101, 123, 126, 152, 900, 9044906

liquid crystal silicon devices, polysilicon LCDs, electron beam written SLMs, and electrically switchable bragg grat ings. Pixels containing: Yb,Tm:YLF can emit blue light, Yb,Er(NYF) can emit green light, and Yb,Er:KYF and Yb,Ef:YF3 can emit red light.

See application ?le for complete search history.

3.]9

ABSTRACT

m

Diode

32 Claims, 20 Drawing Sheets

M

m

159.

Spain!

L33"

Bum

Light

L ighi

Shaw

Modulator

Source

Len,

P

HQ Video

Image Signal Unix

300

_

V

Two Dimnsional

mjeemn

upmnversinn

Opucs

Display Screen

US RE42,184 E Page 2

US. PATENT DOCUMENTS

5,684,621 5,724,062 5,746,942 5,764,403 5,786,102 5,801,792 5,846,684 5,914,807 5,943,160 5,956,172 5,985,990

11/1997 3/1998 5/1998 6/1998 7/1998 9/1998 12/1998 6/1999 8/1999 9/1999 11/1999

Downing Hunter Bowman et a1.

Downing PaZ-Pujalt et a1. Smith et a1.

PaZ-Pujalt et a1.

Downing Downing Downing Kantner et a1.

5,989,799 6,028,977 6,061,179 6,117,529 6,128,131 6,276,801 6,327,074 6,501,590 6,654,161 6,844,387 6,897,999 7,075,707 7,101,061

E>

11/1999 2/2000 5/2000 9/2000 10/2000 8/2001 12/2001 12/2002 11/2003 1/2005 5/2005 7/2006 9/2006

Verbeeck et a1. Newsome

Inoguchi et a1. Leising et a1.

Tang Fielding Bass Bass Bass Bass Bass

et a1. et a1. et a1. et :11. et a1.

Rapapon et al. Nagai et a1.

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 1 0f 20

US RE42,184 E

190

F[Aigure

2115-31151 2Q

Q\

8‘“

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 2 0f 20

US RE42,184 E

F1igu3re

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 3 0f 20

Figure 2

US RE42,184 E

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 4 0f 20

US RE42,184 E

3Fignrc

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 5 0f 20

US RE42,184 E

Strokes Shift

Absorption

Emission

'

M12

13m

Am

or

or

or

2W1

UJI+W2

2w?

Figure 4

>

Wavelength

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 6 0f 20

US RE42,184 E

EImU{niAtsreblonSmt)y

(ACobcesfnripl'm)on Wavclcngth (mm)

Figure 5

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 7 0f 20

US RE42,184 E

250

200

El(PmnUAicrsbutokinsalry)

ISO

é

m0

I

l

5000

10000

1

1 5000

20000

Pump Peak Intensity Squared (Arbirmr/ Units) Figure 6A

bm s: u

9 ch

I(UAmnrcbistalr)y

9 ‘3

90

Tnmc (ns)

Figure 6B

25000

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 8 0f 20

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Mar. 1, 2011

US RE42,184 E

Sheet 9 0f 20

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53.8: com

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12% 2m: 38 2 63m bangw

an

305 bun. .63 350w

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US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

US RE42,184 E

Sheet 10 0f 20

@ m

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3 5 a»; “92:8

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min 13an

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~85 hde 5%. 350m

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US. Patent

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h1ar.1,2011

US RE42,184 E

auw

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cowu zm mu nO

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Mar. 1, 2011

US RE42,184 E

Sheet 12 0f 20

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Mar. 1, 2011

US RE42,184 E

Sheet 13 0f 20

0%

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US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 14 0f 20

US RE42,184 E

----- -- 1% EI+1B% Yb : NYF: green emitter

-— Er * Yb : VF; red emitter —-Tm ' Yb : YLF: blue emitter

IEmnitseony 600

Wavelength (nm)

FIG. 11 GREEN

1% Er 18% Yb NYF 1.0~ 0.8 —

Eidat5mnets4cim5oendty

(normalized)

0.6 ~

0.2 -

0.0

920

9:50 Pump wavelength (nm)

FIG. 12

000

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 15 0f 20

US RE42,184 E

RED

Er,YB:YF3 1 1,04

.

E C

I

O I!)

*2

0.8

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9 5?

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~

02- /

'5DJ I

'

|

940

'

I

960

'

|

980

v

|

1000

1020

Pump wavelength (nm)

FIG. 13 BLUE 0.4%Tm 30%Yb YLF 10-1 0.8

E4dlmaenit8sctm0oeindy

(normahzed)

0.6 0.4-

'

012-1

I

950

I

955

Y

I

'

960

I

'

965

|

970

'

I

975

Pump wavelength (nm)

FIG. 14

'

I

980

'

l

985

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 16 0f 20

Metallic

US RE42,184 E

C b 'h

Neutral

Laser diodc at 976 nm

density 11 ? Ears

Lens Spectro—

radiometer

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 17 0f 20

US RE42,184 E

Green T 4'

/+H

as

v

3

/

3~

C Q

.

b:

ws

2

E

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0

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o

I

100

'

I

'

200

I

'

300

Incident Pump Power (mW)

FIG. 16

I

400

'

1

500

US. Patent

Mar. 1, 2011

Sheet 18 0f 20

US RE42,184 E

Red

6 —

*M .

‘

l‘//

5 _

(ERf?%ecid)ncy

4

44

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100

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Incident Pump Power (mW)

FIG. 17 Blue

106-] 1-4

(eBf?i%cue)ncy

1.0

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+/

-\

// 1

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/

0.8-. '/‘ 0.6- J . _/

04-1 0.2 d 0.0

0

I

|

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I

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200

400

600

800

1000

Incident Pump Power (mW)

FIG. 18