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Aptitude - Profit and Loss ------------------------------------In this section you will find aptitude questions and answers of various difficulty levels on Profit and Loss with explanation for various interview, competitive examination and entrance test in an easy to understand way. You can also checkout Tips and Tricks, Videos related to the topic.Use Green Board or space provided for Rough work whenever you need.

Formulae : Facts: Cost Price: The price at which an article is purchased, is called its cost price (C.P.). Selling Price: Price at which an article is purchased is known as its selling price (S.P.). Profit or Gain: If SP is greater than CP then the seller is said to have profit or gain. Loss: If SP is less than CP the seller is said to have incurred Loss. Formulae: A)Gain = SP – CP B)Loss = CP –SP

C)Loss or gain is always calculated over CP. D)%Gain = {(Gain*100)/CP} E)%Loss = {(Loss*100)/CP} F)SP = {(100 %Gain)/100}*CP G)SP = {(100-%Loss)/100}*CP H)CP = {100/(100 %Gain)}*SP I)CP ={100/(100-%Loss)}*SP J)If an article is sold at a gain of say, 20%, then SP = 120% of CP K)If an article is sold at a loss of say, 20%, then SP = 80% of CP L)When a person sells two similar items , one at a gain of say, x% and other at a loss of x%, then the seller always incurs a loss calculated as: %Loss = (Common Loss and Gain% /10)2= (x/10)2 M)If a trader professes to sell his goods at cost price, but uses false weights, then %Gain =[{(Error) /(True Value – Error)}* 100]%

Questions and Answers : PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 1) A person earns 15% on investment but loses 10% on another investment. If the ratio of the two investments be 3:5, what is the gain or loss on the two investments taken together?

1) 0.65 %

3) 0.55 %

2) 0.63 %

4) 0.35 %

Solution : Suppose he invested 300 & 500 respectively profit : 15% of 300 = 45 loss = 500 *10 = 50 net loss = - 5 5/800 *100 = 0.63 % PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 2) A person, by selling an article at three-fourths of the list price incurs a loss of 20%. Find the profit percentage if he sells at the list price?

1) 7.65 %

3) 6.66 %

2) 5.45 %

4) 6.87 %

Solution : 0.75 MP = 0.8 CP (since 20% loss) So, MP = 1.0666CP 6.66% gain. PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 3) An uneducated retailer marks all his goods at 50% above the cost price and thinking that he will still make 25% profit, offers a discount of 25% on the marked price. What is his actual profit on the sales?

1) 12 %

3) 14 %

2) 10.45 %

4) 12.50 %

Solution : Let C.P. = Rs. 100.

Then, marked price = Rs. 150. S.P. = 75% of Rs. 150 = Rs. 112.50. Gain% = 12.50%. PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 4) 30% loss on cost price in what percent loss on selling price?

1) 42.85 %

3) 40 %

2) 50.45 %

4) 52.50 %

Solution : Loss = 30% on CP i.e., 0.3CP SP = 0.7CP Loss % on SP = loss/SP * 100 = 0.3CP/0.7CP * 100 = 42.85%. PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 5) Amit purchased 20 dozens of toys at the rate of 375 Rs per dozen .He sold each one of them at the rate of Rs 33.What was his percentage profit?

1) 7.85 %

3) 5.6 %

2) 6.5 %

4) 5.8 %

Solution : Cost = 375 * 20 = 7500 sale price 33 * 20 * 12 = 7920 profit = 420 profit in % = 420/7500 * 100 =5.6 % PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss

6) Sachin purchased a house for Rs.75000 and a site for Rs.15000 respectively, if he sold the house for Rs.83000 and the site for Rs.10000, then find the resultant percentage of gain?

1) 3.33 %

3) 5.56 %

2) 3.45%

4) 31/3 %

Solution : Total CP = 90000 & total SP = 93000 gain = SP/CP = 93000/90000 = 1.0333 = 3.33%. PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 7) One-fifth of the cost price, one-seventh of the marked price and onesixth of the selling price are all equal. What is the gain or loss to the trader?

1) 182/3 %

3) 30 %

2) 120 %

4) 20 %

Solution : CP/5 = SP/6 SP/CP = 1.2 20% gain. PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 8) Even after reducing the marked price of a transistor by Rs. 32, a shopkeeper makes a profit of 15%. If the cost price be Rs.320, what percentage of profit would he have made if he had sold the transistor at the marked price?

1) 25 %

3) 30 %

2) 120 %

4) 20 %

Solution : C.P. = Rs. 320, Profit = 15% S.P. Rs. [115/100 * 320] = Rs. 368. Marked price = Rs. (368+ 32) = Rs. 400. Required profit% = [80/320 * 100] % = 25%. PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 9) Find the C.P of the book,If a book is sold at 5% gain instead of 5% loss,the seller gets Rs 6.72 more.

1) 148.81

3) 120.25

2) 150.41

4) 160.11

Solution : = 100 * 10/6.72 = 148.81 PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 10) A shopkeeper sells a badminton racket, whose marked price is Rs. 30, at a discount of 15% and gives a shuttle cock costing Rs. 1.50 free with each racket. Even then he makes a profit of 20%. His cost price per racket is :

1) Rs. 37

3) Rs. 50

2) Rs. 65

4) Rs. 20

Solution : Marked price = Rs. 30. S.P. = Rs.[(85/100 * 30) - 1.50] = Rs. (25.50 - 1.50) = Rs. 24.

Let C.P. be Rs. x Then, 120% of x = 24 x (24 * 100 / 120) = Rs. 20. PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 11) Sachin bought a suitcase with 15% discount on the labelled price. He sold the suitcase for Rs. 2880 with 20% profit on the labelled price. At what price did he buy the suitcase?

1) Rs. 4000

3) Rs. 2080

2) Rs. 2040

4) Rs. 4540

Solution : Let the labelled price be Rs. x. Then, 120% of x = 2880 x = [2880 * 100 / 120] = 2400. C.P. = 85% of Rs. 2400 = Rs. [85 / 100 * 2400] = Rs. 2040 PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 12) A trader marked the price of his commodity so as to include a profit of 25%. He allowed discount of 16% on the marked price. His actual profit was :

1) 4 %

3) 5 %

2) 4.5 %

4) 6 %

Solution : Let C.P. be Rs. 100. Then, marked price = Rs. 125. S.P. = 84% of Rs. 125 = Rs. [84 /100 * 125] = Rs. 105. Profit% = (105 - 100)% = 5%. PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss

13) A shopkeeper fixes the marked price of an item 35% above its cost price. The percentage of discount allowed to gain 8% is :

1) 20 %

3) 30 %

2) 50 %

4) 25 %

Solution : Let C.P. = Rs. 100. Then, Marked Price = Rs. 135, S.P. = Rs. 108. Discount % = [27 / 135 * 100] % = 20%. PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 14) By selling a blanket for Rs. 300, a shopkeeper gains 20%. During a clearance sale, the shopkeeper allows a discount of 10% on the marked price. His gain percent during the sale is :

1) 9 %

3) 12 %

2) 10 %

4) 8 %

Solution : Marked price = Rs. 300. C.P. = Rs. [100 / 120 * 300] = Rs.250. Sale price = 90% of Rs. 300 = Rs. 270. Required gain% = [20 / 250 * 100] % = 8%. PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 15) A trader marked the selling price of a book at 10% above the cost price. At the time of selling, he allows certain discount and suffers a loss of 1%. He allowed a discount of :

1) 9 %

3) 12.5 %

2) 10 %

4) 8 %

Solution : Let C.P. = Rs. 100. Then, Marked Price = Rs. 110, S.P. = Rs. 99. Discount % = [11/110 * 100] % = 10% PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Profit and Loss 16) The cost price of a book is 64% of the marked price. Calculate the gain percent after allowing a discount of 12%.

1) 30 %

3) 37.5 %

2) 50.45 %

4) 65.5 %

Solution : Let marked price = Rs. 100. Then, C.P. = Rs. 64. S.P = Rs. 88. Gain % = [24/64 * 100]% = 37.5%.