Resilience-Related Work at ETH Zürich

Prof. Dr. Bozidar Stojadinovic, ETH Dr. Simona Esposito, Dr. Marco Broccardo, Dr. Panos Galanis, Mr. Max Didier, Mr. Li Sun Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Community: Natural Hazard Environment

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

www.weirdhut.com

Community: Growing Value at Risk

theflag-zuerich.ch Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Community Resilience !  Not giving up !  Continuity of community existence thorough the survival of its inhabitants and the continuity of its social and economic functions !  Hypothesis: community resilience depends on the resilience of its built infrastructure Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

http://science.k12flash.com/naturalhazards.html

Community Functions !  Safety !  Physical infrastructure: !  !  !  !  !  ! 

Energy Water Communication Transportation Waste Built Environment

!  Health and Economy !  Social: !  Culture and heritage !  Education Raking of Important community functions (SERRI and CARRI, 2009) Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Physical Infrastructure !  Built environment: !  Housing

!  Civil infrastructure systems: !  Complex !  Interconnected

!  Vulnerability in one system easily affects others !  Cascading failures

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Rinaldi et al., 2001

Quantification of Community Resilience !  Measured in terms of: !  Casualties !  Loss of community function

!  Collapse: !  Abandoned

!  Ductile: !  Did not give up

!  Adapted: !  Better than before

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

(after Brunearu, 2003 and Heinemann and Kröger)

!  Different rates of loss absorption and recovery matter

Event

!  Model loss and recovery of supply and demand separately

Infrastructure System Functionality

Supply/Demand Formulation for Infrastructure System Resilience

Losses

Loss of supply Loss of demand Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Recovery of supply

Time (not to scale)

Recovery of demand

Compositional Approach: Because Damage is Local

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Supply & Demand

Compositional Approach: Vulnerability Functions

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

http://www.eqecat.com/blog/catastrophe-modeling/calculatingdamage-earthquake-risk-models/

Compositional Approach: Because Recovery is Local, too

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Supply & Demand

Compositional Approach: Recovery Functions

100%

Function (%)

28d 14d 7d 1h

1d Damage State

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Compositional Approach: System Function Model

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power_transmission#mediaviewer/ File:Electricity_grid_simple-_North_America.svg

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

http://euanmearns.com/brave-green-world-and-the-cost-of-electricity/

Compositional Approach: Resilience Simulation

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Compositional Approach: Community Resilience Measures M=7.5

24h after the event Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

!  Estimate the probability of loss exceeding an acceptable threshold !  Confidence in resilience loss estimates

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Event

!  Consider the uncertainty in demand and supply

Infrastructure System Functionality

Community Resilience: Reliability Formulation

Time (not to scale)

Modeling Community Resilience !  Supply-Demand model for the built infrastructure systems !  Component: !  Vulnerability functions !  Recovery functions

!  Compositional approach !  System function model !  Interdependence among different infrastructure systems

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Stress Tests for Critical Non-Nuclear Civil Infrastructure !  FP7 STREST project: !  Professor Domenico Giardini and many others !  Dr. Simona Esposito !  Define a stress test methodology

!  FP7 INFRARISK project: !  Professor Brian Adey

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Engineering Community Resilience: Structural and Financial !  Optimizing use of community financial resources:

Cost-efficient Engineering Risk Reduction

!  Prof. Dr. Wanda Mimra !  Dr. Panos Galanis

Residual Risk covered by: •  Insurance •  CAT bonds

!  ETH Risk Center: !  Future Resilient Systems Lab (ETH-Singapore) !  ESREL 2015

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Bearable Loss After SwissRe Sigma 1/2014

Risk Governance for Resilient Energy Production !  SCCER Sources of Energy + NFP 70: !  Prof. Dr. Domenico Giardini Prof. Dr. Stefan Wiemer and many others !  Dr. Marco Broccardo !  Mr. Max Didier !  Mr. Li Sun

!  Enable rational governance of risk added by induced seismicity Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Institute of Structural Engineering Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Group

Resilience-Related Work at ETH Zürich

Prof. Dr. Bozidar Stojadinovic, ETH. Dr. Simona Esposito, Dr. Marco Broccardo, Dr. ... http://euanmearns.com/brave-green-world-and-the-cost-of-electricity/ ...

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