RETURNS TO SCALE IMRUL KAYES

RETURNS TO SCALE: The mode total output changes due to the change in the scale of production is known as returns to scale. There are 3 types of returns to scale: 1. Increasing returns to scale 2. Constant returns to scale & 3. Decreasing returns to scale

Increasing returns to scale: This condition occurs when changes in the output is more than the change in input. Example: Inputs

Output

2 Capital + 2 Labor

300

4 Capital + 4 Labor

700

Causes of increasing returns to scale: 1. Technical Indivisibilities 2. Greater specialization

Constant returns to scale: This situation occurs when changes in the output is exactly equal to the change in input. Example: Inputs

Output

2 Capital + 2 Labor

300

4 Capital + 4 Labor

600

Causes of constant returns to scale: 1. Economies of scale 2. Separableness

Decreasing returns to scale: This condition occurs when changes in the output is less than the change in input. Example: Inputs

Output

2 Capital + 2 Labor

300

4 Capital + 4 Labor

400

Causes of decreasing returns to scale: 1. Complexity of management 2. Diseconomies of scale

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