AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

AMS 2431B Issued Revised

APR 1998 MAY 2006

Superseding AMS 2431A

Peening Media General Requirements RATIONALE AMS 2431B is a Five Year Review and update of this specification. 1. SCOPE 1.1

This specification and its supplementary detail specifications cover the requirements for media to be used in controlled shot peening of metal parts.

1.2

Reference to AMS 2431 with the appropriate slash number on a purchase order constitutes a requirement to conform to the applicable specification in 2.1.

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1

SAE Publications

Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS 2431/1 AMS 2431/2 AMS 2431/3 AMS 2431/4 AMS 2431/5 AMS 2431/6 AMS 2431/7 AMS 2431/8

Peening Media, Cast Steel Shot, Regular Hardness (45 to 52 HRC) Peening Media, Cast Steel Shot, High Hardness (55 to 62 HRC) Peening Media, Conditioned Carbon Steel Cut Wire Shot, Regular Hardness (45 to 52 HRC) Peening Media, Conditioned Stainless Steel Cut Wire Shot Peening Media, Peening Balls Peening Media, Glass Shot Peening Media, Ceramic Shot Peening Media, Conditioned Carbon Steel Cut Wire Shot, High Hardness (55 to 62 HRC)

SAE J441 SAE J444 SAE J445 SAE J827 SAE J1173 SAE J1830

Cut Wire Shot Cast Shot and Grit Size Specifications for Peening and Cleaning Metallic Shot and Grit Mechanical Testing High Carbon Cast Steel Shot Size Classification and Characteristics of Glass Beads for Peening Size Classification and Characteristics of Ceramic Shot for Peening

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright © 2006 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER:

SAE WEB ADDRESS:

Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: [email protected] http://www.sae.org

SAE 2.2

AMS 2431B

-2-

ASTM Publications

Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM B 214 ASTM C 169 ASTM E 11 ASTM E 18 ASTM E 140 ASTM E 350 ASTM E 353 ASTM E 384

Sieve Analysis of Granular Metal Powders Chemical Analysis of Soda-Lime and Borosilicate Glass Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Purposes Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals (Relationship Between Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Rockwell Superficial Hardness, and Knoop Hardness) Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron Chemical Analysis of Stainless, Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium-NickelIron Alloys Microhardness of Materials

3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1

Detail Specification

The requirements for a specific product shall consist of all requirements specified herein in addition to requirements specified in the applicable detail specification. In case of conflict between requirements of this basic specification and the applicable detail specification, requirements of the detail specification shall govern. 3.2

Quality

Peening media, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, clean, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the peening media. 3.3

Test Methods

3.3.1

Composition shall be determined in accordance with ASTM C 169, ASTM E 350, or ASTM E 353.

3.3.2

Hardness shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E 18 or ASTM E 384 for metallic shot and as described in the applicable detail specification for nonmetallic peening media. Conversion to Rockwell C values shall be in accordance with ASTM E 140.

3.3.3

Quality shall be determined visually and in accordance with the applicable detail specification(s).

3.3.4

Size shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E 11, ASTM B 214, and the applicable detail specification.

4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1

Responsibility for Inspection

The supplier of peening media shall supply all samples for supplier’s tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the peening media conforms to specified requirements. 4.2

Classification of Tests

All technical requirements are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each lot.

SAE

AMS 2431B

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4.3

Sampling for testing shall be in accordance with the applicable detail specification; a lot shall consist of peening media of the same nominal alloy or chemical composition, condition, size, and hardness. If production is continuous, a lot shall be the product of not more than eight hours. Alternatively, Statistical Process Control methods may be used to monitor the quality of the product so that it meets the requirements of the applicable detail specification.

4.4

Reports

The supplier of peening media shall furnish with each shipment a report stating that the media conforms to the size distribution, number of marginal/defective shapes, density, chemical composition, hardness, and other technical requirements and the applicable detail specification. This report shall include the purchase order number, lot number, code letters, size, quantity, and AMS 2431B, including the applicable detail specification number. 4.5

Records

All manufacturing records and all records of testing and inspection shall be retained and available for inspection for not less than two years after manufacture. The records shall contain all data, including statistical process control reports, necessary to verify conformance to the requirements of this specification and the applicable detail specification. 5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY 5.1

Identification

Each container of peening media shall be permanently and legibly marked with not less than the following information: Manufacturer and address Description of peening media (cast steel, cut wire, etc) Peening media hardness, if applicable (equivalent HRC for steel shot) Specification number, code, and size Lot number Example of line 4: “AMS 2431/1C - ASR170” (See Table 1). TABLE 1 - PEENING MEDIA AND IDENTIFICATION CODES Specification AMS 2431/1 AMS 2431/2 AMS 2431/3 AMS 2431/4 AMS 2431/5 AMS 2431/6 AMS 2431/7 AMS 2431/8 5.2

Description Cast Steel Shot, Regular Hardness (45 to 52 HRC) Cast Steel Shot, High Hardness (55 to 62 HRC) Conditioned Carbon Steel Cut Wire Shot, Regular Hardness (45 to 52 HRC) Conditioned Stainless Steel Cut Wire Shot Peening Balls Glass Shot Ceramic Shot Conditioned Carbon Steel Cut Wire Shot, High Hardness (55 to 62 HRC)

Code ASR ASH AWCR AWS APB AGB AZB AWCH

Packaging

Peening media shall be prepared for shipment in accordance with commercial practice and in compliance with applicable rules and regulations pertaining to the handling, packaging, and transportation of the peening media to ensure carrier acceptance and safe delivery. 5.2.1

Packaging containers shall be tightly sealed and impermeable to moisture to prevent deterioration of product.

6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT A supplier shall mention this specification number and its revision letter in all quotations and when acknowledging purchase orders.

SAE

AMS 2431B

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7. REJECTIONS Peening media not conforming to this specification or the applicable detail specification, or to modifications authorized by purchaser, will be subject to rejection. 8. NOTES 8.1

A change bar (|) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of a specification. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the specification, including technical revision. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in specifications that contain editorial changes only.

8.2

Terms used in AMS are clarified in ARP1917 and as follows:

8.2.1

Parts

Finished or semifinished metal parts. 8.2.2

Peening Media

Spherical or quasi-spherical material used in the controlled shot peening process. specifications, and codes. 8.2.3

See Table 1 for descriptions,

Cognizant Engineering Organization is the term applied to the engineering organization responsible for the design of the parts or a designee of this organization.

8.3

Dimensions and properties in inch/pound units and the Fahrenheit temperatures are primary; dimensions and properties in SI units and the Celsius temperatures are shown as the approximate equivalents of the primary units and are presented only for information.

8.4

Durability and Transmitted Peening Energy

Testing in accordance with SAE J445 is recommended as a means of comparing the quality of peening media. Durability should be measured by the number of cycles required for 100% replacement (by weight). Transmitted peening energy can be determined from the test strip arc height after exposure to 40 cycles. Manufacturers of peening media should furnish results of such test for their media. 8.5

Purchase documents should specify not less than the following:

AMS 2431B Quantity of product required Size of container Type of media with applicable slash number (See Table 1) Size of media. 8.6

Similar Specifications

This specification used in conjunction with the detail specification for the media in Table 1 meets or exceeds the minimum technical requirements of MIL-G-9954, MIL-S-851, MIL-S-13165, SAE J441, SAE J444, SAE J827, SAE J1173, and SAE J1830. In areas of disagreement, the requirements of this specification shall govern. 8.7

Key Words

Shot peening, glass shot, cast steel shot, ceramic shot, stainless steel conditioned cut wire shot, carbon steel conditioned cut wire shot, identification codes

PREPARED BY AMS COMMITTEE “B”

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