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miuahzL ; nghJjN ; juT ; brkg ; u; - 2016 gjj ; hk; tFgG ; jkpo; Kjy; jhs; tpilfF ; wpgG ; 6×1=6 1 1 1 1 1 1 6×1=6 1 1 1 1 1 1 4×1=4 1 1 1 1 6×1=6 1 1 1 1 5×2=10 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 5×2=10 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

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Cf;fKilahd; xLf;fk; Ml;Lf;fplha; gha;tjw;fhfg; gpd;thq;Ftijg; Nghd;wJ. ed;wpf;F tpj;jhtJ ey;nyhOf;fk;.  jiy> kz;zpy; gbaf; fPNo tpOe;J tzq;fpdhd;.  thiaj; jd; ifahy; nghj;jp cliy tisj;J mlf;fkhf epd;whd;. thio ,iy mupAk; NghJ cs;sq;ifapy; ghk;G fbj;jJ. ntz;gh> Mrpupag;gh> fypg;gh> tQ;rpg;gh. mwptpy; rpwe;j ngupNahiur; rhu;e;J elg;gtUf;F giftuhYk;; jPq;F nra;a ,ayhJ. 1. mk;;khid. 2. Cry; 3. iff;fpis. 4. fhu;.

vitNaDk; Ie;jpDf;F kl;Lk;. %thapuk;.

cyfpy; gy;NtW ,lq;fspy; elf;Fk; epfo;rr ; pfis ehk; mwpayhk;. ahidj;je;jk;> kapy;Njhif> thridg; nghUl;fs;. Ie;J

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24 25 26 27 VI 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

cupa tpiliaj; Nju;e;njLj;J vOJf. ,) ghujpjhrd; m) Gul;rpf;ftpQu; ,) gd;wp ,) rpyg;gjpfhuk; M) ghujuj;dh M) ,uhkypq;fu; Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis epug;Gf. ,uhkhtjhuk; rhiy.,se;jpiuad; Nrf;fpohu; Ntbf;ifahf Nkilg; rputzgpJu;gj;jp nghUj;Jf. ehspNfuk; - njd;id jiy - rpwg;G ftpif - Fil Nra - njhiyT tpilf;Nfw;w tpdh mikf;f. (Vw;w tpdh mikj;jpUg;gpd; kjpg;ngz; toq;fTk;) mbg;gilj; Njitfs; ahit? cyfk; cUz;il vd;gij vg;NghJ ahu; cWjp nra;jdu;? jkpou;fs; ve;nje;j ehl;Lld; thzpfj; njhlu;G nfhz;bUe;jhu;fs;? Ke;ePu; tof;fk; kf^cNthby;iy vdf; $Wk; E}y; vJ? vitNaDk; Ie;jpDf;F kl;Lk;.

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I 1 2 3 4 5 6 II 7 8 9 10 11 12 III 13 14 15 16 IV 17 18 19 20 V 21 22 23

md;G> cz;ik> cWjp> ,d;dh nra;ahik. kf;fs; mwpahik ePqf ; p mwpT xwp ngw Nrhjp juprdj;ijg; GFj;jpdhu;. Nkdpiyf; fy;tpapy; Nju;r;rp ngWjy; Ntz;Lk;.

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VIII 40

41

42

43

44

46

3×4=12 4

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IX 45

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39

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38

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37

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36

vitNaDk; %d;wpDf;F kl;Lk; Nrhoehl;L kd;du;fSs; xUtd; rpgpr;rf;futu;j;jp. NtldplkpUe;J Gwhitf; fhg;gjw;fhf jd; jiria mWj;Jf; nfhLj;Jk; gRtpd; Jau; mwpe;J> jd; xg;gw;w kfidNa Nju;r;rf;fuj;ijr; nrYj;jp nfhd;W ePjp toq;fpdhd;.  ,uhkhdJ tuyhw;iwf; $Wk; E}y;.  fk;gu; ,e;E}Yf;F ,uhkhtjhuk; vdg; ngaupl;lhu;.  fk;guhkhazk; MW fhz;lq;fisf; nfhz;lJ.  tpUj;jk; vd;Dk; nra;As; tifahy; ghlg;gl;lJ. nghd;Dk; gtsKk; Kj;Jk; khzpf;fKk; ntt;NtW ,lq;fspy; Njhd;Wfpd;wd. mit khiyahf Nfhu;f;Fk; NghJ jk;Ks; xUq;Nf NrUk;. mJ Nghy rhd;Nwhu; rhd;Nwhu; gf;fNk NrUtu;. jPatu; jPatu; gf;fNk NrUtu;.  jdJ thiy tisj;Jf; nfhz;lJ.  cly; eLf;fKw;wJ.  nky;y nky;y ele;J te;jJ.  jiyiaj; jho;j;jpg; gzpe;J tzq;fpaJ.  nrbapd; ,yl;rpak;> ey;y G+tpidj; Njhw;Wtpj;jy; MFk;.  nrbfs; G+g;gjw;F Kd; Xa;ntLg;gjpy;iy.  gzpia Kbf;Fk; Kd; Xa;ntLf;ff; $lhJ.  nrbapd; ntw;wp G+tpy; cs;sJ.  ekJ ntw;wpfshy; Jd;gq;fs; kiwe;J tpLk;. vitNaDk; %d;wpDf;F kl;Lk;  ngz;fs; fy;tp ngWtJ r%f khw;wj;jpw;Fk; ,d;wpaikahjJ.  Mz;fs; ngz;fisg; gbf;f itf;f Ntz;Lk;.  cyfg;gbg;Gk;> Muha;r;rpg;gbg;Gk; jhuhskha;f; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.  ngUq;NfL ngz;fisg; gFj;jwptw;w rPtd;fsha; itj;jpUf;Fk; nfhLikNa. kuhl;ba khepyj;jpy; ,uj;jpdfpup khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s mk;gthNl vd;Dk; rpw;W}upy; 1891 Mk; Mz;L Vg;uy; jpq;fs; gjpdhd;fhk; ehs; gpwe;jhu;. ngw;Nwhu; ,uhk;[p rf;ghy; - gPkhgha;. ,e;jpa murpd; caupa tpUjhd ghujuj;dh tpUijg; ngw;whu;.  moFwg; Ngr;rpid Kbj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.  Ngr;rpd; RUf;fj;ijf; $wp Kbj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.  czu;r;rpiaj; J}z;b Kbj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.  nghUj;jkhd ftpijiaf; $wp Kbj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.  goe;jkpofj;jpy; cOgtNu cau;e;Njhuhf kjpf;fg;gl;ldu;.  cOJz;L tho;thNu tho;thu; vd;wJ jpUf;Fws;.  cz;b nfhLj;Njhu; capu; nfhLj;NjhNu vd;Dk; gonkhop jkpouhy; Nghw;wg;gLfpwJ.  coTf;Fr; rpwg;Gg; ngw;w kUjepyk; taYk; tay; rhu;e;j ,lkhf tifg;gLj;jpdu;. fhe;jpabfisf; ftu;e;j ehlfk; mupr;re;jpud; MFk;. cz;ikia kl;LNk NgRk; mupr;re;jpuid xU ngha; Ngritf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhfNt gy ,d;dy;fisj; jUfpwhu;> tpRthkpj;jpuu;. gy ,d;dy;fisj; je;Jk; ‘ngha; nrhy;Nyd;” vd;W kWnkhop $wpdhd;. mtdJ tha;ikia ehlfk; %ykhf mwpe;j fhe;jp> jhk; xU rj;jpathdhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W cWjpnfhz;lhu;. ghly; tup tpdh tpil i) rpq;fhjdk; ii) gh+,zq;fs; iii) ntz;gh> Mrpupag;gh> fypg;gh> tQ;rpg;gh iv) mupah-rupah jpfo;gh-Gfo;gh v) jkpo;tpLJ}J gj;jp tup tpdh tpil i) njhy;fhg;gpak;> rq;f ,yf;fpak;> rpyg;gjpfhuk;. ii) njhy;fhg;gpau; iii) ghzd;> ghbdp> $j;jd;> tpwyp. iv) Foe;ijiaj; njhl;bypl;Lg; ghLtJ v) ,we;etiug; gw;wpg; ghLtJ

w.

VII 35

4

4

4

4

3×4=12 4

4

4

4

4 5×1=5 1 1 1 1 1 5×1=5 1 1 1 1 1

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