Taxonomy of Shared Vehicle New Mobility Options DRAFT 1/1/14 – Comments to Dave Brook [email protected]

Scheduled Trips Fleet:

Company-owned

Privately-owned

Thank you.

Spontaneous Trips Company-owned

Privately-owned

Car Rental — Requires getting vehicle; typically daily or weekly rental; no insurance or gas included in rates Typically central locations at major mobility hubs (airports, train stations, downtowns, etc.) Typically supplements car ownership

This is most car rental companies

P2P carsharing vehicles without in-car technology for unattached access require meeting the vehicle owner and exchanging the key at beginning and end of trip. (Getaroundd Relayrides, Flightcar)

Spontaneous access for “club” members at airport or corporate locations being tested by Hertz, Avis, etc.

Car Share — Unattended access usually 24 hours per day; hourly or per minute; gas and insurance included in rates Typically round trip (return vehicle to pick up location) Has been shown to substitute for car ownership for many users

“Traditional” — usually has reserved parking spaces distributed throughout the service area Zipcar, City Carshare, CommunAuto, AutoShare, Hertz On-Demand, Enterprise Carsharing

Peer to Peer (P2P) Wheelz Note: vehicles without access device installed require meeting owner for key exchange (see below) and may not provide the same level of user convenience as carshare

Most carshares allow instant scheduling via web or app, which provides immediate access. A few services in Europe have open end vehicles that do not require specifying return time.

Similar to Companyowned – the car must still be reserved before member is unable to unlock vehicle.

Mobility On Demand (MOD; sometimes called one-way carsharing) — allows one-way trips within an operating service area; may charge per minute or hourly or daily for longer trips Typically provides new option for certain types of trips (one way) but can also be used for round trips, as well.

Hertz On Demand in Manhattan allows oneway trips to New York City Airports

May have flexible vehicle locations (i.e. “floating parking”, e.g. CAR2GO, Citroen Multi City (Berlin) or between stations (e.g. Drive Now in US) or Autolib’ (Paris) MOD services have been demonstrated for smaller electric vehicles (e.g. MIT/Hiriko, or Renault TwizyWay

Public bicycles (“bikesharing”) may serve as extension of transit or recreational (“tourist”) needs.

Scooter Sharing – Scoot Networks (San Francisco), Motit (Barcelona)

Bikesharing – one way between stations; or floating bikeshare, - CallA-Bike (Germany) Bixi, B-Cycle, Deco Bikes, Velib’ (Paris), etc. Also e-bike sharing systems

Ridesharing — typically sharing seats in vehicle going to same destination or direction; varying methods for payment (if any) May serve commuting or intercity trips.

Vanpool – typically 7-15 passenger vans (e.g. VRide, Enterprise Vanpool or locally provided vanpool services)

Carpool - typically 4 passenger sedan, SUV; rides scheduled via ridematching web sites

Taxicab – from taxi stand or short wait; pay driver or company account

Uber/Lyft/Sidecar – platform coordinates private and “black car” services and payment; Spontaneous ridematching (e.g. Carma, Zimride, RideScout). Non-technology-based ridesharing “slugging” (e.g. SF-Oakland, Washington)