Supplementary information

Effect of lead speciation on its oral bioaccessibility in surface dust and soil of electronic-wastes recycling sites Takashi Fujimori1,2,a*, Masaya Taniguchi2,a, Tetsuro Agusa3, Kenji Shiota2, Masaki Takaoka1,2, Aya Yoshida4, Atsushi Terazono4, Florencio C. Ballesteros Jr.5, Hidetaka Takigami4 1. Department of Global Ecology, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, and 2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nisikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan 3. Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan 4. Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Ibaraki, Japan 5. College of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected] a

These authors equally contributed to this work.

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Table S1 Details of the dust and soil samples in this study. Sample type ID

Description Two formal e-waste recycling sites (A and B) and two informal e-waste recycling sites (C and D)

Dust

D1 D2 D3

The concrete work floor is roofed in three buildings in factory A, where workers dismantle, sort, and store ewaste including CRT glass, wire cables, circuit boards, flat panel displays, refrigerators, solar panels, and plastics. One building includes a large-scale crushing machine.

D4 D5

The concrete work floor is housed in one building and an open-air concrete work area is near factory B.

D6 D7

A narrow, openair concrete street near a dismantling site for e-waste including small chips and cables (street C).

D8

A concrete dismantling site for circuit boards (indoors) including a room to scrape the circuit boards (site D). One formal e-waste recycling factory (A) and two informal e-waste recycling sites (C and E)

Soil

S1

Segmented garden beside the gate and buildings used to dismantle, crush and store e-waste inside factory A.

S2 The junk shop is proximal to a dismantling work area (site E). S3 S4

The dumping site is located beside the street near an informal e-waste recycling site (street C).

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Pb Citrate Pb sorbed Humate Pb sorbed Gibbsite Pb sorbed Goethite

Ca2PbO4

Pb(OAc)2 Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 Pb5(PO4)3Cl k3 weighted χ(k) (Å-3)

Pb5(PO4)3OH 3PbO·PbSO4·H2O PbCrO4

PbSO4 PbS Pb(NO3)2 Pb3(PO4)2 PbHPO4 PbCl2 PbCO3 Pb3O4 PbO

PbO2

PbSiO3 Pb

2 1

2

3

4

5 k (Å-1)

6

7

8

Figure S1 EXAFS spectra of Pb standards.

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Stomach (%)

102

100

10-2

n = 11, rs = -0.927*, p < 0.001

Small intestine (%)

102

100

10-2

n = 10, rs = -0.297, p = 0.405

101

103 105 Total Pb (mg/kg)

Figure S2 Relationships between the concentration of total and bioaccessible Pb in the stomach and small intestine phases.

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