Madras Agric. J. 90 (7-9) : 537-538 July-September 2003

537

Research Notes

Training of rural youth for self-employment (TRYSEM) - Impact analysis R. VELUSAMY AND R. NETAJI SEETHARAMAN Dept. of Agrl. Extension and Rural Sociology, Tamil Nadu Agrl. Univ., Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu The Government of India has launched training of rural youth for self employment (TRYSEM) in the year 1979, the scheme aims of imparting training to rural youth in the age group of 18-35 years who are below the poverty line. Since inception of TRYSEM till March 1997, 39 lakh rural youths have been benefitted in different trades (Anuradha and Sinha, 1985; Malyadri, 1985). A case study was conducted to assess the extent of utilization, socio-economic impact due to TRYSEM training. The study was conducted in Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu. In Namakkal districts, two blocks namely Puduchatram and Mohanoor blocks were selected for this study based on total number of TRYSEM beneficiaries from the year 1991-1995. The study was conducted through well structured interview schedule incorporating socioeconomic status, dimensions of extent of participation socio-economic changes, opinion and reactions. In the selected two blocks of Namakkal district, 15 types of trainings were given by DRDA under TRYSEM programme from 1990-91 to 1995-96. In the 15 trainings 263 youths have participated under TRYSEM during the above period. Among the 263 beneficiaries, only two persons who have undergone training on tailoring have established their own tailoring unit. One of the beneficiaries was selected as a case for analysis. Miss. N. Revathi aged 23, lived with her parents and one younger brother in brick walled and tiled house in Pettampalayam village which is 4 km away from Mohanoor. She came to know about the trainings offered under TRYSEM for rural poor women through panchayat clerk of her village. After that she had discussed with her parents and friends and chosen the tailoring for training and applied for the same during 1993-94. She had attended the interview conducted by panchayat union and DRDA officials at panchayat union office and was selected. She had undergone 6 months tailoring training at Usha tailoring training institute,

Mohanoor arranged under TRYSEM scheme from 13.09.93 to 12.03.94. She regularly attendedthe training and received Rs.250 per month as stipend. While attending the training, she had learned about stiching of ladies dress and gents shirts only. She felt that duration of training, i.e. 6 months, was not sufficient to learn more about tailoring and that stipend amount was inadequate. After the completion of the training, she had applied for loan under IRDP for the purchase a sewing machine. An amount of Rs.5,000 was sanctioned after 3 months. She was granted with a subsidy of Rs.1,667 on the cost of the sewing machine. She had purchased a sewing machine from Salem with help of the Principal of Usha tailoring training institute. As adequate funds were not available for establishing a tailoring shop, she started the tailoring activity in her house in the available space. She was the first person to establish a tailoring unit in her village. The total population of her village was 3556. Initially she started collecting cloths for stitching from the houses of friends and relatives and others in her village and later the villagers brought their materials to her house. She received the stitching charges in cash. She reported that on an average she was working for 6 to 7 hours/day. She also reported that she was able to stitch around 25 dresses per month. She stitched children clothes, ladies dresses and gents shirts only upto 1995. At the end of 1995 she had undergone 6 months training on stitching gents pants and other materials at Usha tailoring training institute by personally paying the charges. She was asked to provide details regarding the income earned, expenditure incurred and net income obtained for the past five years. The details are presented in Table 1. It could be seen from the table that she worked for 6 months during 1994 and 7 months during 1998 but she worked during all the months during 1995, 1996 and 1997. She reported that she earned a minimum of Rs.4,200 during 1998 and Rs.2,700 in 1994.

R. Velusamy and R. Netaji Seetharaman

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Table 1. Expenditure and net income pattern of TRYSEM beneficiary Expenditure (Rs.) Year

No. of months engaged

Cost of materials

Loan installment

Service charge/ Training charge

Total income (Rs.)

Total expenditure (Rs.)

Net income (Rs.)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

6 12 12 12 7

300 840 960 1,200 700

1,200 2,400 -

600 300 300 -

2,700 8,400 10,800 10,800 4,200 Total

1,500 3,840 1,260 1,500 700

1,200 4,560 9,540 9,300 3,500 28,100

In 1998 another person had started a tailoring unit in her village and this has reduced the quantum of clothes stitched by her. The total income during 1995 was Rs.8,400, while during 1996, 1997 it was Rs.10,800. The expenditure included the cost of materials like thread, button and hooks, repayment of loan and cost of maintaining the sewing machine. She reported that she was able to repay the entire loan taken during the first 2 years as required, though she had a limited net income during 1994 and 1995. The net income during 1996 was Rs.9,540 and Rs.9,300 during 1997. During 1998 her net income upto July was Rs.3,500/-. She earned a total income of Rs.28,100 from the tailoring activity. Utilizing the income, she had purchased some household materials. She had spent Rs.240 on kerosene stove, during 1995. She has purchased a pressure cooker costing Rs.1,200, while she was able to purchase a black and white TV at a cost of Rs.7,650 during 1996. During 1997 she has spent Rs.1,250 for fixing electric motor in the sewing machine. In total she has spent Rs.10,340 during the period from 1994 to 1997. She stated that but for undergoing training under TRYSEM and establishing tailoring unit it would not have been possible for her to purchase such household materials. Miss. N.Revathi stated that she used to deposit whatever amount she could save into the saving bank account of her father operated with Indian Bank, Mohanoor. She stated that total saving for the past 4 1/2 year worked out to Rs.17,760 deducting the expenditure on the purchase of household materials. She told that she was happy with

the working of TRYSEM programme on helping the unemployed in becoming self employed. She opined that the training given under TRYSEM for 6 months was insufficient for establishing a tailoring unit and the duration should be increased so as to enable the trainee to learn more about tailoring. She also opined that the stipend given was low and it should be increased. After establishing the tailoring unit she was gainfully utilizing the time instead of wasting it. She wanted to establish a small tailoring unit near the bus stand but there is no provision to avail loan for this kind. However, she was having confidence for establishing such a unit by utilizing her savings and with the support of her parents. She suggested that the scheme officials should arrange for some short of tieup with ready made garments sellers, so that the beneficiaries could stitch and supply garments on a regular basis to them. According to her, such a tieup will help to provide employment to other girls in her village and thereby she can increase her earning which is in accordance with Sharma and Parashar (1998). References Anuradha, G. and Sinha, B.P. (1985). Management of TRYSEM programme - A critical analysis. Ind. J. Extn. Edu. 11: 35-41. Malyadri, P. (1985). TRYSEM and self-employment in rural areas : The malady and remedy. Rural India, 48: 32-36. Sharma, P.K. and Shubhra Parashar (1998). Employment and income generation from TRYSEM in Agra. Kurukshetra. 47: 27-30.

(Received: December 2001; Revised: June 2003)