1-‐Selec'ng the molecule Tool: protein data bank (free)
Go to protein data bank
Select your molecule then download
2-‐prepare the structure of the molecule to be printed and create a stl file Tool: chimera (free)
Dowload chimera
Open the pdb file for your molecule
Here it is
My sugges'ons • Prepare your macromolecule using « ribbons » or « solid » render (I believe the use of « side chains » is going to make prin'ng more difficult) • Op'onal: you may want to reduce the complexity to make prin'ng of the macromolecule easier : see example next slide
Example • MHC class I molecules structures usually contain 3 chains: A, B, C • The most interes'ng part (in my case) comprises the an'gen presen'ng domains of the molecules (2/3 of chain A) • Therefore: – 1) I removed chains B and C – 2) I kept aminoacids 1-‐280 of chain A
Op'onal: removing parts For this press « select » choose the chain to be deleted, then press « Ac'ons » and hide
To remove side chains, press « Select », choose the chain then « Ac'ons » and hide side chains
Final result
My sugges'ons • As it is, I found the structure is oWen too thin and is very fragile once printed • I chose to enlarge the ribbons • See an example next slide
Modify the render
Parameters to be changed: my choice
Final result
Export the molecule
Choose stl file
3-‐Fix problems of your molecule for prin'ng Tool: NeYabb (have to pay or can request a free trial) Usually a soWware like this is sold with the 3D printer
Download NeYabb
Fix problems • • • •
Open your stl file If green: eveything is perfect If some parts are red: needs repair If the molecule is virtually all red: needs specific repair
Repair: my experience • For a molecule looking partly red: using automa'c repair always solved the problems • For a molecule looking fully red: using the tool « invert part » solved all the problems • See an example from NeYabb tutorials
Trick • To save 'me in prin'ng and make prin'ng easier: change the molecule orienta'on • I always try to orientate the molecule such that the part in contact with the plaYorm is as large and as flat as possible • Examples:
X
X
X
√
PlaYorm
Use the turn tool to orientate the molecule properly
Export
My sugges'on to export • When you click on export, you need to make several choices • Select « RaWs » and « Support »: this is necessary to build complex structures like molecules • Use « Advanced op'ons » and choose 30 to 50% « fill ». The more complex the molecule the higher the percentage of « fill »: this is to avoid fragility!
Final sejngs
Export • Once « Export » is ac'vated, a file is generated represen'ng every single slice of your molecule • Depending on the complexity or size, it can last several minutes to create the file • I use to save this file on a flash card, which can be directly inserted in the MakerBot Replicator 3 printer • Then PRINT!!!!!!!
What I found very important (part 1) • Avoid to print a macromolecule full length. Instead: try to select the most informa've part of the molecule for prin'ng • Enlarge the structural elements in Chimera to make the molecule more solid: thin parts are going to be fragile and can break during support removal (the most cri'cal part in my view)
What I found very important (part 2) • Choose a right size for prin'ng in MakerWare (I used 10-‐15 cm for the longest axis) – Prin'ng too small can result in poor resolu'on, too big takes a lot of 'me and material
• Take 'me to choose the best orienta'on of the molecule on plaYorm in order to save prin'ng 'me, material and facilitate removal of support material
Time considera'ons • Find the right molecule in PDB<15 minutes • Prepare the molecule in Chimera (30-‐60 minutes) • Fix problems in NetFabb (around 15 minutes) • Choose scale, orienta'on and export in MakerWare (around 30-‐45 minutes) • Print: several hours depending size and complexity (about 6-‐8 hours in my case)
3-‐D prin'ng of macromolecules of immunological interest for teaching purpose Denis Hudrisier, Chris'an Cenac & David Tsang-‐Hin-‐Sun
I
munologie 2.0
Why? • The structure of molecules some'mes tells a lot about their func'on • Hard to draw and to explain • Nice 3-‐D viewing soWwares but not always friendly for student usage • 3-‐D prin'ng is an alterna've!
How? • X-‐ray data of molecules recovered from protein data bank h]p://www.rcsb.org/pdb/home/home.do). • .stl file generated using Chimera h]p://www.cgl.ucsf.edu/chimera/ • Prin'ng @ the FabLab of the Paul Saba'er (Makerbot 2 printer) or @ the Ar'lect FabLab h]p://store.makerbot.com/replicator2.html)
Example #1 • The HLA (human Leukocyte An'gen) molecule: a molecule involved in graW rejec'on • Only the domains forming the so called « an'gen binding groove » are shown
The HLA molecule on the 3-‐D printer
The HLA molecule on the 3-‐D printer
The HLA molecule a6er removal of support material
Example #2 • The an'body molecule involved in an'-‐ microbial defense • Only the domains forming the so-‐called « light chain » are shown
Th ean:body molecule on the 3-‐D printer
The an:body molecule a6er prin:ng
The an:body molecule a6er removal of support materials
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Page 2 of 6. REALISATION. L'ourlet du haut du sac : Prendre une grande pièce de tissu. Plier une première fois le haut sur 1 cm, puis une deuxième fois.