US EPA Bibliographic Database of Publications Relevant to Drug Disposal and Environmental Stewardship https://sites.google.com/site/daughton/PPCPs-bibliographic_database Final Update: 29 December 2017 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV For more information, see: the Synopsis file attached at: https://sites.google.com/site/daughton/PPCPs-bibliographic_database Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. To cite this database - If this database is used for research or preparing a published work, it can be cited as: Daughton CG and Scuderi MST, 2017 (29 December). "Drug Disposal and Environmental Stewardship: Relevant Literature," U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV (a comprehensive database of literature references; first implemented 19 February 2008); available: https://sites.google.com/site/daughton/PPCPs-bibliographic_database

AAPCC "American Association of Poison Control Centers." Web Page maintained by American Association of Poison Control Centers, 2010, http://www.aapcc.org/dnn/default.aspx. AAPCC "Annual Reports (1999 - 2012)." Web Page maintained by American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC), Alexandria, VA, 2014, http://www.aapcc.org/annual-reports/. AAPCC. 2015, "How to Get Rid of Expired or Unneeded Medicines." American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC), 3 pp; http://www.aapcc.org/prevention/medication-safety/. Abahussain E and Ball D. "Disposal of unwanted medicines from households in Kuwait." Pharmacy World and Science 2007, 29(4):368-373; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-006-9082-y. Abahussain E, Waheedi M, and Koshy S. "Practice, awareness and opinion of pharmacists toward disposal of unwanted medications in Kuwait." Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 20(3):195-201; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2012.04.001. Abahussain EA and Ball DE. "Pharmaceutical and chemical paediatric poisoning in Kuwait: a retrospective survey." Pharmacy Practice (Internet) 2010, 8(1):43-49; http://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S1886-36552010000100005. Abahussain EA, Ball DE, and Matowe WC. "Practice and opinion towards disposal of unused medication in Kuwait." Medical Principles and Practices 2006, 15(5):352-357; http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000094268. Abbas H and Farooquie JA. "Return and Disposal of Unused Medicines: A Customer Perspective of Reverse Logistics." Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Information, Operations Management and Statistics (ICIOMS2013), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,, 1-3 September, 2013, 10 pp; http://www.ieomrs.com/ioms/2013Proceedings/paper/20.pdf. Abdallah QMA, Al-Haddad MSM, Al-Khathami OHM, Al-Kherish OHH, Al-Marri KMT, Al-Matani MFK, et al. "Knowledge, attitude and practice towards discarding unwanted household medicines among university students in Western Region, KSA ." International Journal of Pharmacy 2014, 4(4):14-21; http://pharmascholars.com/PSL/Issue/440/login. Abdulla F, Abu Qdais H, and Rabi A. "Site investigation on medical waste management practices in northern Jordan." Waste Management 2008, 28(2):450-458; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.02.035. Abor PA. "Medical waste management at Tygerberg hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa." Masters Dissertation, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, Cape Town, South Africa, 2007. 111 pp; http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi? article=1048&context=td_cput. Abou-Auda HS. "An economic assessment of the extent of medication use and wastage among families in Saudi Arabia and Arabian Gulf countries." Clinical Therapeutics 2003, 25(4):1276-1292; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2918(03)80083-8.

Abrams T. "Lidoderm® (Lidocaine Patch 5%) Warning Letter to Mr. Peter A. Lankau." US Food and Drug Administration, NDA 20-612, Department of Health & Human Services, Rockville, MD, 2005. 6 pp; http://www.fda.gov/cder/warn/2005/Lidoderm_warn_ltr.pdf. Abrons J, Vadala T, Miller S, and Cerulli J. "Encouraging safe medication disposal through student pharmacist intervention." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2010, 50(2):169-173; http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.09208. Abubacker SKK. "Study on the disposal of solid waste in Pharmaceutical industry." Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India, Year Unknown; http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/siddieqkk-1903033-study-on-the-disposal-of-solid-waste-in-pharmaceutical-industry/. Abushanab AS, Sweileh WM, and Wazaify M. "Storage and wastage of drug products in Jordanian households: a cross-sectional survey." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2013, 21(3):185-191; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7174.2012.00250.x. Acker EC, Sinclair EA, Beardsley AL, Ahmed SS, and Froberg BA. "Acute Vilazodone Toxicity in a Pediatric Patient." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2015, 49(3):284-286; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2015.04.032. ACS. "ACS GCI Pharmaceutical Roundtable." American Chemical Society Green Chemistry Institute, 2005, available: http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/greenchemistry/industry-business/pharmaceutical.html. Adamczak K. "Interreg IV B NWE project partnership 2012 - 2015: noPILLS report." Emschergenossenschaft, Essen, Germany, June, 2015, 134 pp; available: http://www.no-pills.eu/conference/BS_NoPills_Final%20Report_long_EN.pdf. Adams G. 2010, "Maine House approves prescription drug take-back plan; bill faces further votes." Associated Press, Augusta, ME, 17 March, http://www.canadianbusiness.com/markets/market_news/article.jsp?content=D9EGKIDO1. Adee S. "Myth busted: dumped pills aren’t main source of drugs in sewage." New Scientist 2016, September:3; https://www.newscientist.com/article/2105426-myth-busted-dumped-pills-arent-main-source-of-drugs-in-sewage/. ADEQ. 2009, "Prescription Drug Disposal: A Pain in the Drain." Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, Phoenix, AZ, 2 pp; available: http://flagstaff.az.gov/DocumentView.aspx?DID=7368. Ader AW, Farris JP, and Ku RH. "Occupational health categorization handling practice systems – roots, application and future." Chemical Health & Safety 2005, July/August:20-25; http://www.safebridge.com/Technical-Papers/PDF/Occupational-Health-Categorization-and-Compound-Handling-PracticeSystems-Roots-Applications-and-Future/. Ader AW, Kimmel TA, and Sussman RG. "Applying Health-Based Risk Assessments to Worker and Product Safety for Potent Pharmaceuticals in Contract Manufacturing Operations." Pharmaceutical Outsourcing 2009, 10(4):48-53; http://www.safebridge.com/News/Items/Applying-Health-Based-RiskAssessments-to-Worker-and-Product-Safety-for-Potent-Pharmaceuticals-in-Contract-Manufacturing-Operations/. Adis Data Information BV. "Residues of active pharmaceutical ingredients may pollute the environment with potential effects on human safety." Drugs & Therapy Perspectives 2009, 25(7):25-26; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/0042310-200925070-00008. Aditya S. "Safe medication disposal: Need to sensitize undergraduate students." International Journal of Pharmacy & Life Sciences 2013, 4(3):2475-2480; http://www.ijplsjournal.com/issues%20PDF%20files/march-2013/10.pdf. Aditya S. "Safe medication disposal: An ignored issue." International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutical Research 2013, 4(4):1593-1597; http://www.ijapronline.org/viewthearticletouser.php?id=328&month=4&year=2013. Aditya S. "PharmEcovigilance: Are we being inhuman?" International Journal of Universal Pharmacy and Life Sciences 2013, 3(3):177-188; http://www.ijupls.com/uploaded/journal_files/130608090644.pdf. Aditya S and Rattan A. "Minimizing pharmaceutical waste: The role of the pharmacist." Journal of Young Pharmacists 2014, 6(3):14-19; https://www.jyoungpharm.org/sites/default/files/JYP_6_3_2014_3.pdf. Adler NE, Koschorreck J, and Rechenberg B. "Environmental impact assessment and control of pharmaceuticals: the role of environmental agencies." Water Science & Technology 2008, 57(1):91-97; http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.816. Adragna A. 2012, "Pfizer, Waste Management Release Guide on Disposal of Pharmaceuticals." Daily Environment Report, The Bureau of National Affairs, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 19 September, 2 pp; http://esweb.bna.com/eslw/1245/split_display.adp? fedfid=28039156&vname=dennotallissues&jd=a0d4r4x4q3&split=0. Adragna A. 2012, "EPA Said to Resolve Policy Issues on Revised Rule to Manage Waste Pharmaceuticals." Daily Environment Report, The Bureau of National Affairs, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 2 pp; http://esweb.bna.com/eslw/1245/split_display.adp? fedfid=28290428&vname=dennotallissues&jd=a0d4x0g9d9&split=0. Adragna A. 2013, "States, Industry Seek Clarification on DEA Rule to Expand Options for Drug Disposal." Daily Environment Report, The Bureau of National Affairs, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 3 pp; http://esweb.bna.com/eslw/1245/split_display.adp? fedfid=29770698&vname=dennotallissues&jd=a0d6p1w4g0&split=0; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/fed_regs/rules/2012/fr1221_8.htm; http://esweb.bna.com/eslw/1023/split_display.adp?fedfid=28926267&vname=esesfrref&fn=28926268&jd=fr_77_75784&split=0; http://esweb.bna.com/eslw/1245/split_display.adp?fedfid=28290428&vname=dennotallissues&jd=a0d4x0g9d9&split=0.

Adragna A. 2013, "State Waste Regulators Say New Approach Needed for Managing Pharmaceutical Wastes." Daily Environment Report, The Bureau of National Affairs, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 2 pp; http://esweb.bna.com/eslw/1245/split_display.adp? fedfid=30977524&vname=dennotallissues&jd=a0d8f8u8f9&split=0. AFAI "HIV medicine recycling." Web Page maintained by AID FOR AIDS International (AFAI), New York, NY, 2010, http://www.aidforaids.org/index.php/site/donate/; http://www.aidforaids.org/index.php/site/programs_services/category/recycling/. Agran PF, Anderson C, Winn D, Trent R, Walton-Haynes L, and Thayer S. "Rates of Pediatric Injuries by 3-Month Intervals for Children 0 to 3 Years of Age." Pediatrics 2003, 111(6):e683-692; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/111/6/e683. Ahmad SA, Scolnik D, Snehal V, and Glatstein M. "Use of Naloxone for Clonidine Intoxication in the Pediatric Age Group: Case Report and Review of the Literature." American Journal of Therapeutics 2013, 22(1):e14-e16; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MJT.0b013e318293b0e8. Ahmadabadi F, A D, F A, and H R. "Unintentional Poisoning in Children Admitted to Tabriz Pediatric Hospital." Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016, 22(2):132137; http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ps.2016.21. Ahmed A, Mushtaq N, Akhtar S, Arif M, and Yasmeen G. "Disposal Practices of unused and expired Pharmaceuticals in Karachi and their impact on health and environment ." International Journal of Science & Pharma Educational Research 2011, 1(1):53-61; https://jumdc.tuf.edu.pk/articles/volume-4/no-2/42-48.pdf. Ahmed I and Majeed A. "The safe and responsible disposal of unused controlled drugs." British Journal of Nursing 2007, 16(21):1318-1322; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18073668. Ahuja S. "Assuring quality of drugs by monitoring impurities." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 2007, 59(1):3-11; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2006.10.003. AIDA. "Arreê teé du 20/09/93 portant approbation des modaliteé s de controê le du dispositif selon lequel les producteurs de meé dicaments pourvoient aà l'eé limination des deé chets reé sultant de l'abandon par les meé nages des emballages de leurs produits [Order of 20/09/93 approving of control device that pharmaceutical producers provide for the disposal of waste resulting from the abandonment by household packaging products]." Direction Geé neé rale de la Preé vention des Risques. Ministeà re de l’Ecologie, de l’Energie, du Deé veloppement Durable et de l’Ameé nagement du Territoire [Directorate General of Prevention of Risks. Department of Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and Spatial Planning. Site created by INERIS], 5 October, 1993, 3 pp; available: http://www.ineris.fr/aida/?q=consult_doc/consultation/2.250.190.28.8.2427. Aikman J. "The problem of accidental poisoning in childhood." Journal of the American Medical Association 1934, 103(9):640-643; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1934.02750350004002. Aitken M and Kleinrock M. "Declining Medicine Use and Costs: For Better or Worse? A Review of the Use of Medicines in the United States in 2012." IMS Institute for Healthcare Informatics, Parsippany, NJ, May, 2013, 56 pp; available: http://www.imshealth.com/deployedfiles/ims/Global/Content/Insights/IMS%20Institute%20for%20Healthcare%20Informatics/2012%20U.S. %20Medicines%20Report/2012_U.S.Medicines_Report.pdf#sthash.NTFIz8dE.dpuf; http://static.correofarmaceutico.com/docs/2013/05/20/usareport.pdf. Aitken M and Valkova S. "Avoidable Costs in U.S. Healthcare: The $200 Billion Opportunity from Using Medicines More Responsibly." IMS Institute for Healthcare Informatics, Parsippany, NJ, June, 2013, 62 pp; available: http://www.imshealth.com/portal/site/imshealth/menuitem.762a961826aad98f53c753c71ad8c22a/? vgnextoid=bb321cbfa3401410VgnVCM10000076192ca2RCRD. Akici A, Aydin V, and Kiroglu A. "Assessment of the association between drug disposal practices and drug use and storage behaviors." Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 2017, In press; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2017.11.006. Aks SE, Krantz A, Hryhorczuk DO, Wagner S, and Mock J. "Acute Accidental Lindane Ingestion in Toddlers." Annals of Emergency Medicine 1995, 26(5):647-651; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(95)70020-X. Akter N. "Medical waste management: A review." Asian Institute of Technology, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Environmental Engineering Program, Khlongluang, Pathumthani, Thailand, January, 2000, 25 pp; available: http://www.eng-consult.com/ben/papers/paperanasima.pdf. Al Hazmi AM. "Patterns of accidental poisoning in children in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." Annals of Saudi Medicine 1998, 18(5):457-459; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17344734. Al Ruwaili N, Al Balushi A, Alharf A, AlShaharani H, and Eldali A. "Do parents in Saudi Arabia store medications safely?" International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2014, 1(1):21-25; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpam.2014.09.003. Alagoz BAZ, Kocasoy G, and Kilic M. "Remedial measures for the safe management of the health-care wastes in Istanbul." Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 2006, 15(8A):763-770; http://www.psp-parlar.de/details_artikel.asp?tabelle=FEBArtikel&artikel_id=1462&jahr=2006. Alagoö z AZ and Kocasoy G. "Determination of the best appropriate management methods for the health-care wastes in Istanbul." Waste Management 2008, 28(7):1227-1235; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.05.018. Alamaro M, "Recovery and Reuse of Unused Prescription Drugs: Combining New Technologies, Social Policy, and Actual Implementation." What Matters, MIT Alumni Association, August, 2005, 6 pp; http://alum.mit.edu/news/WhatMatters/Archive/200508/.

Alameda County. "Synopsis of proposed Alameda County safe drug disposal ordinance." Alameda County, CA, 5 October, 2011, 1 pp; available: http://www.acseniors-medisposal.net/. Alameda County. "Alameda County drug disposal ordinance draft." Alameda County, CA, 2011, 14 pp; available: http://www.acseniors-medisposal.net/. Alameda County "Safe Drug Disposal." Web Page maintained by Alameda County Environmental Health, Alameda, CA, 2013, http://www.acgov.org/aceh/safedisposal/index.htm. Alameda County. 2013, "Order Denying Plaintiffs' Motion for Summary Judgment and Granting Defendants' Cross-Motion." United States District Court for the Northern District of California, San Francisco, CA, C 12-6203 RS, 11 pp; http://dockets.justia.com/docket/california/candce/3:2012cv06203/261433/. Alameda County. 2014, "Alameda County Applauds 9th Circuit for Upholding Its Safe Drug Disposal Ordinance." BusinessWire, Business Wire, San Francisco, CA, 1 October, 2 pp; http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20141001005384/en/Alameda-County-Applauds-9th-Circuit-UpholdingSafe#.VCxceRZuVVQ. Alaygut D, Kilic SC, Kaya A, Oflaz MB, Bolat F, Cevit OÖ , et al. "Assessment of 17 Pediatric Cases with Colchicine Poisoning in a 2-Year Period." Pediatric Emergency Care 2016, 32(3):168-172; http://journals.lww.com/peconline/Fulltext/2016/03000/Assessment_of_17_Pediatric_Cases_With_Colchicine.7.aspx. AlAzmi A, AlHamdan H, Abualezz R, Bahadig F, Abonofal N, and Osman M. "Patients' Knowledge and Attitude toward the Disposal of Medications." Journal of Pharmaceutics 2017, Article ID 8516741:1-9; https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8516741. Albanaz HF, Rodrigues do Prado J, Araué jo Cruz R, Barbos AA, and Blanco BA. "Descarte de medicamentos: uma panoraê mica da atual situaçaã o [Discharge of medicines: a panoramic of the current situation]." Revista Gestão em Foco 2017, 9:276-290; http://scholar.google.com/scholar_url? url=http://www.unifia.edu.br/revista_eletronica/revistas/gestao_foco/artigos/ano2017/035_descarte_medicamentos.pdf&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBf m2K95OaVxdjsuPmf7dXOXOg5SPGaQ&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt. Albrant DH. "Pharmaceutical waste and the problem of emerging contaminants." Drug Topics 2010, 154(9):40-50; http://digital.modernmedicine.com/nxtbooks/advanstar/dt_201009/#/42. Albrecht RJ. "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Looking to Green Governance for a Remedy." George Washington Journal of Energy & Environmental Law 2012, Summer:182-203; http://gwjeel.com/volume-3-number-2/; https://gwujeel.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/3-2-albrecht.pdf. Alburty DS and Murowchick P. "Investigation into the Impact of Air Pressure Driven Drug Dispensing Machines on the Environment of Pharmacy Workers. Results in 15 U.S. Pharmacies - McKesson/Parata RDS - ScriptPro SP 200 - Manual Dispensing. Comprehensive Technical Report." McKesson/Parata RDS - McKesson/Parata Max, Alburty Lab Inc. and Missouri Engineering Labs, Eds., Drexel, Missouri, 15 October, 2008, 286 pp; available: http://www.alburtylab.com/userfiles/file/10-15-08%20Tech%20Report.pdf. Alburty DS and Murowchick P. "Investigation into the Impact of Air Pressure Driven Drug Dispensing Machines on the Environment of Pharmacy Workers. Results in Two U.S. Pharmacies - McKesson/Parata Max." McKesson/Parata RDS - McKesson/Parata Max, Alburty Lab Inc. and Missouri Engineering Labs, Eds., Drexel, Missouri, 6 January, 2009, 50 pp; available: http://www.alburtylab.com/pdf/paratamax_20090106.pdf. Al-Dhawailie AA. "Control of intravenous medication wastage at a teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia." Saudi Medical Journal 2011, 32(1):62-65; http://smj.psmmc.med.sa/index.php/smj/article/view/7105. Aldridge AP, Kroutil LA, Cowell AJ, Reeves DB, and Van Brunt DL. "Medication Costs to Private Insurers of Diversion of Medications for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Pharmacoeconomics 2011, 29(7):621-635; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/11584590-000000000-00000. Aleccia J. 2011, "Dangerous drug patches pose overlooked risk to kids: Children poisoned by transdermal medications lost or tossed in the trash, experts say." msnbc.com, Msnbc Digital Network, New York, NY, 2 pp; http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/44041386/ns/healthchildrens_health/t/dangerous-drug-patches-pose-overlooked-risk-kids/. Alencar TdOS, Machado CSR, Costa SCC, and Alencar BR. "Descarte de medicamentos: uma anaé lise da praé tica no Programa Saué de da Famíélia [Disposal of drugs: an analysis of the practices in the family health program]." Ciênc. saúde coletiva 2014, 19(7):2157-2166; http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/141381232014197.09142013 Aleong SF. "Green medicine: Using lessons from tort law and environment law to hold pharmaceutical manufacturers and authorized distributors liable for injuries caused by counterfeit drugs." 2007 or 2008, 38 pp; available: http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi? article=1000&context=stephanie_aleong. Al-Ghamdi AY. "Review on hospital wastes and its possible treatments." Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences 2011, 3(1):55-62; http://microbiology.eajbs.eg.net/pdf/vol3.n1/8.pdf. Algren A. "Small Doses, Big Problems: Deadly Pediatric Poisons." Children's Mercy Hospital and Truman Medical Center, University of Kansas Hospital Poison Control Center, Kansas City, MO, Year Unknown; http://www.childrensmercy.org/content/uploadedFiles/Departments/Graduate_Medical_Education/CME/Pediatric%20Poisons.pdf. Ali HM, Homeida MMA, and Abdeen MAER. ""Drug dumping" in donations to Sudan." The Lancet 1988, 331(8584):538-539; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(88)91339-6.

Ali SE and Ibrahim MIM. "Extent of Medication Wastage and Cost among Female Students in a University Setting." Mahidol University Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 2009, 36(1-4):34-43; http://www.pharmacy.mahidol.ac.th/journal/_files/2009.34-43.pdf. Ali SE, Ibrahim MIM, and Palaian S. "Medication storage and self-medication behaviour amongst female students in Malaysia." Pharmacy Practice 2010, 8(4):226-233; http://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S1886-36552010000400004. Alizadeh A, Zheani Asoudeh M, Abdi F, Moshiri M, Balali Mood M, and Etemad L. "Epidemiological Pattern of Acute Pediatric Poisoning in Mashhad, Iran During 2011 - 2013." International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction 2017, 6(2):e33707; http://jhrba.com/en/articles/alizade22033.html. Al-Jaser N, Epi MC, and Awofeso N. "(-)Epidemiology of Patients Diagnosed with Prescription and Non-Prescription Drug Overdose at the Riyadh Security Forces Hospital between January 2007 and December 2011." in Current Topics in Public Health, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Ed., InTech; 2013, Chapter 25, pp 593-622; doi:10.5772/52879; http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/52879. Aljinovic-Vucic V, Trkulja V, and Lackovic Z. "Content of home pharmacies and self-medication practices in households of pharmacy and medical students in Zagreb, Croatia: findings in 2001 with a reference to 1977." Croatian Medical Journal 2005, 46(1):74-80; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15726679. Alldredge BK, Venteicher R, and Calderwood TS. "Stability of diazepam rectal gel in ambulance-like environments." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2002, 20(2):88-91; http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2002.31573. Allen AL. "The diagnosis of acetaminophen toxicosis in a cat." The Canadian Veterinary Journal 2003, 44(6):509-510; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC340185/. Allen C. "Disposal of Unwanted Medicines through Pharmacies (DUMP)." Nelson Bays Primary Health Board, Nelson, New Zealand, May, 2010, 26 pp; available: http://static.bewell.org.nz/gems/DUMPFinalReport.pdf. Allen JD, Casavant MJ, Spiller HA, Chounthirath T, Hodges NL, and Smith GA. "Prescription Opioid Exposures Among Children and Adolescents in the United States: 2000–2015." Pediatrics 2017, 139(4):e20163382; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-3382. Allen M. 2017, "The Wasteful Disposal of Prescription Drugs From America’s Nursing Homes." Pacific Standard, The Social Justice Foundation, Santa Barbara, CA, 28 April, 4 pp; https://psmag.com/news/the-wasteful-disposal-of-prescription-drugs-from-americas-nursing-homes. Allen M. 2017, "A Prescription To Reduce Waste In Health Care Spending." Nevada Public Radio, 21 December, https://www.npr.org/sections/healthshots/2017/12/21/572329335/a-prescription-to-reduce-waste-in-health-care-spending. Allen M. 2017, "America’s Other Drug Problem: Every year nursing homes nationwide flush, burn or throw out tons of valuable prescription drug." ProPublica, 27 April, https://www.propublica.org/article/americas-other-drug-problem. Allen M. 2017, "The Myth of Drug Expiration Dates." ProPublica, 18 July, https://www.propublica.org/article/the-myth-of-drug-expiration-dates. Allen M "Wasted Medicine: Squandered Health Care Dollars." Web Page maintained by ProPublica, 2017, https://www.propublica.org/series/wastedmedicine. Alliance for the Great Lakes. "Protecting the Great Lakes from Pharmaceutical Pollution." Alliance for the Great Lakes, Chicago, Illinois, 2010, 23 pp; available: http://www.greatlakes.org/Document.Doc?id=810. Almanie S. "Economic impact of waste in prescribing, dispensing, and medication consumption in the United States." Masters Dissertation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 2015. 75 pp; http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4739&context=etd. Almarsdottir AB and Asgeirsson AG. "Unused Drugs in Iceland-Value of and Reasons for Disposal." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 2009, 18(Suppl. 1):S231-S232; https://insights.ovid.com/pharmacoepidemiology-drug-safety/pads/2009/08/001/unused-drugs-iceland-value-reasonsdisposal/540/01445491. Al-Naggar RA and Alareefi A. "Patients' opinion and practice toward unused medication disposal in Malaysia: a qualitative study." Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2010, 34:117-123; http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4572.02574. Al-Omar IA, Al-Ashban RM, and Shah AH. "Toxicity Studies on 4-Chloro-5-Sulfamoylanthranilic Acid the Degradation Product of a Loop Diuretic Furosemide ." Research Journal of Pharmacology 2009, 3(4):63-77; http://www.medwelljournals.com/fulltext/?doi=rjpharm.2009.63.77. Alonso-Zaldivar R. 2014, "Medicare paid for meds after patients were dead." AP News, Associated Press, Washington, DC, 2 pp; http://bigstory.ap.org/article/c174e3f138024e7ab4241e834e0eed5b/apnewsbreak-medicare-bought-meds-dead-people. Alotaibi N, Sammons H, and Choonara I. "Methadone toxicity in children." Archives of Disease in Childhood 2012, 97(5):e1; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-301728.2. AlSamanhodi H, Almeshary M, Amoh K, Aldekhael S, Alkatheri A, Alharbi S, et al. "Evaluation of the causes and cost impact of returned intravenous medications at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2017, 16(1):231-237; http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v16i1.31. Alsante KM, Ando A, Brown R, Ensing J, Hatajik TD, Kong W, et al. "The role of degradant profiling in active pharmaceutical ingredients and drug products." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 2007, 59(1):29-37; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2006.10.006.

Al-Shahed Q, N., Assali A, and Najjar R. "Safe Disposal of Medicines in Palestine ." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2016, 4:17-22; http://dx.doi.org/10.17265/2328-2150/2016.01.004. Al-Shareef F, El-Asrar SA, Al-Bakr L, Al-Amro M, Alqahtani F, Aleanizy F, et al. "Investigating the disposal of expired and unused medication in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy 2016, 38(4):822-828; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-016-0287-4. Alsheyab MT, Khedaywi T, and Elayan M. "Laboratory study on solidification/stabilization of unwanted medications using asphalt as a binder." Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 2013, 15(2):129-137; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10163-012-0099-0. Al-Siyabi K and Al-Riyami K. "Value and types of medicines returned by patients to Sultan Qaboos University hospital pharmacy, Oman." Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2007, 7(2):109-115; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3074871/. Alsop J and Welch R. "Incidence of grandparent's oral hypoglycemic medications as a source of pediatric ingestions." Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology 2003, 41(5):649; http://lists.dep.state.fl.us/pipermail/pharmwaste/2011-February/003341.html. Alvarenga LSV and Nicoletti MA. "Descarte domeé stico de medicamentos e algumas consideraçoã es sobre o impacto ambiental decorrente [Domestic discarding of medicines and some considerations about the current environment impact]." Revista Saúde 2010, 4(3):34-39; http://revistas.ung.br/index.php/saude/article/viewArticle/763. Alvim-Ferraz MCM and Afonso SAV. "Incineration of healthcare wastes: management of atmospheric emissions through waste segregation." Waste Management 2005, 25(6):638-648; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2004.07.017. Alway RH. "“Accidental” Ingestion of Poisons in Childhood." Postgraduate Medicine 1952, 11(3):239-243; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1952.11694233. AMA. "Report 1 of the Council on Scientific Affairs (A-01) Full text: Pharmaceutical Expiration Dates." American Medical Association, June, 2001, 6 pp; available: http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/no-index/about-ama/13652.shtml; http://www.ama-assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/mm/443/csaa-01.pdf. AMA "Proper Disposal of Prescription Drugs." Web Page maintained by American Medical Association, Chicago, IL, 2009, http://tiny.cc/wj901. Ambey R, Veerbhadra C, and Gupta R. "Clonidine poisoning in a toddler." Journal of Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences 2013, 2(2):136-137; http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2277-8632.112349. American Society of Hospital Pharmacists. "ASHP technical assistance bulletin on handling cytotoxic and hazardous drugs." American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 1990, 47(5):1033-1049; http://www.ajhp.org/content/47/5/1033.short?rss=1&ssource=mfc; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2186621. American Veterinary Medical Association. 2011, "Sea Grant and AVMA Join Forces to Raise Awareness on Medicine Disposal." PR Newswire, PR Newswire Association LLC, New York, NY, 1 pp; http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/sea-grant-and-avma-join-forces-to-raise-awareness-onmedicine-disposal-134622598.html. Amery WK. "Harmful human use of donated veterinary drug." The Lancet 1993, 342(8870):556; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)91684-e. Amitai Y and Frischer H. "Excess fatality from desipramine in children and adolescents." Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2006, 45(1):54-60; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000184931.26176.4a. Amod F, Chetty K, Essa AS, Hiela L, Maharaj C, and Oosthuizen F. "A Pilot Study to Determine Public Trends in Storage and Disposal of Medicines." SA Pharmaceutical Journal 2008, 75(7):7-10; http://sapj.co.za/index.php/SAPJ/article/view/400. Amster ED. "Mitigating pharmaceutical waste exposures: policy and program considerations." Israel Journal of Health Policy Research 2016, 5(1):58; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13584-016-0118-z. AMWA. "AMWA Policy Resolutions: Pharmaceuticals in Water." Approved by the Membership, Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies (AMWA), Naples, Florida, October, 2009, 20 pp; available: http://www.amwa.net/cs/positions. ANA. "Position Statement: Pharmaceutical Waste." American Nurses Association (ANA), Silver Spring, MD, 9 December, 2010, 6 pp; available: http://www.nursingworld.org/position/phwaste. Anastas N. "Green Pharmacy: the Opportunities for Minimizing the Environmental Load of PPCPs." Triumvirate Conference, 20 November, 2008, 18 pp; http://tiny.cc/cmu6b; http://tiny.cc/tcmb6. Anastas ND. "Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment: the Next Environmental Frontier?" Massachusettts Department of Environmental Protection - Drinking Water Program (MassDEP DWP), 2010; http://tiny.cc/xcxw2. Andersen T. "Manglende returret paå uaå bnet medicin [Insufficient return of unused drugs]." Ugeskrift for Laeger 2009, 171(49):3638; discussion 3638; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19967832; http://ugeskriftet.dk/debat/manglende-returret-paa-uaabnet-medicin. Anderson BJ, Thomas J, Ottaway K, and Chalkiadis GA. "Tramadol: keep calm and carry on." Pediatric Anesthesia 2017, 27(8):785-788; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pan.13190.

Anderson M. 2009, "No More Drug Company Pens: A Trojan Horse?" The Social Medicine Portal, Bronx, NY, 16 January, 22 pp; http://www.socialmedicine.org/2009/01/16/big-pharma/no-more-drug-company-pens-a-trojan-horse/. Anderson M. "Poisoning in young children." Archives of Disease in Childhood 2012, 97(9):831-832; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012301711. Anderson M, Hawkins L, Eddleston M, Thompson JP, Vale JA, and Thomas SHL. "Severe and fatal pharmaceutical poisoning in young children in the UK." Archives of Disease in Childhood 2016, 101(7):653-656; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-309921. Anderson MD. "G124 Big Poisons: What Ingested Substances Cause Significant Harm to Young Children?" Archives of Disease in Childhood 2013, 98(Suppl 1):A59; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2013-304107.136 Anderson PD. "Technical brief: trace organic compounds and implications for wastewater treatment." Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF), Alexandria, VA, 2008, 114 pp; available: http://www.iwapublishing.com/books/9781843395249/trace-organic-compounds-and-implicationswastewater-treatment-technical-brief. Anderson RC. "Green Pharmacy Growing around the Nation." The Pharmacist 2009, August:14-15; http://onlinedigitalpubs.com/display_article.php? id=200510. Andrew M. "'Medicines - with care!' campaign." The Pharmaceutical Journal 1987, 15 August:178-179. Angalakuditi MV, Coley KC, and Krenzelok EP. "Children's acetaminophen exposures reported to a regional poison control center." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2006, 63(4):323-326; http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp050227. Annear B, Sinclair K, and Robbeé IJ. "Response to 'returned medicines: waste or a wasted opportunity?'." Journal of Public Health (Oxford) 2008, 30(2):209; author reply 209-210; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18281323; http://jpubhealth.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/30/2/209?view=long&pmid=18281323; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdn006. Anon. "Disposal of pharmaceutical waste." The Pharmaceutical Journal 1988, 241:712. Anon. "Drugs past their expiration date." The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics 1996, 38(W979B):65-66; http://secure.medicalletter.org/article-share?a=979c&p=tml&title=Drugs%20Past%20Their%20Expiration%20Date&cannotaccesstitle=1. Anon. "Drug waste in a long term care facility." Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal 1997, May:38-39. Anon. "Drugs past their expiration date." The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics 2002, 44(W1142B):93-94; http://forums.steroid.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=55869&d=1127366946; http://tiny.cc/zlq1c; http://secure.medicalletter.org/article-share? a=1142b&p=tml&title=Drugs%20Past%20Their%20Expiration%20Date&cannotaccesstitle=1. Anon. "Disposal of unused medicines-Concern grows over environmental impacts." Journal of Environment and Health 2004, 66(10):42; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15216569. Anon. "I recently found some prescription medications in my medicine cabinet that were beyond their expiration date. Can these still be used?" Health News 2006, 12(5):16; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16685755?dopt=abstract. Anon. "Dying from drugs--at home." The Lancet 2008, 372(9637):419; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61173-3. Anon "Listing of miscellaneous references on drug expiry." 2009, http://www.zombiehunters.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=43&t=44357. Anon. "Drugs past their expiration date." The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics 2009, 51(1327):100-101; http://secure.medicalletter.org/article-share?a=1327d&p=tml&title=Drugs%20Past%20Their%20Expiration%20Date&cannotaccesstitle=1. Anon. 2010, "Drug Companies Oppose Medicine 'take-back' Proposal." Drugs.com, Sun Journal, Lewiston, ME, 26 January, 2 pp; http://www.drugs.com/news/companies-oppose-medicine-back-proposal-22239.html. Anon. 2010, "Drug take-back plan killed in Maine." Associated Press, Augusta, Maine, 29 March, 1 pp; http://tiny.cc/1puwc. Anon. 2010, "Maine drug disposal bill dies." The Tan Sheet, Elsevier Business Intelligence, 5 April, http://sis.windhover.com/buy/abstract.php? id=05180140023_b&utm_source=toc&utm_medium=website. Anon. "Pharmacies Help Dispose of Unused Drugs." Stormwater 2010, 19 April. Anon. "Warning over spray-on hot flushes drug." New Scientist 2010, 207(2772):1. Anon. "Pharmacies Launch Safe Disposal Initiative for Unused Medicine." Environmental Protection 2010, 20 April; http://eponline.com/articles/2010/04/20/pharmacies-launch-safe-disposal-initiative-for-unused-medicine.aspx. Anon. "Tips for Disposal of Unused and Expired Medications: Waste management strategies every pharmacist should know." Pharmacy Practice News 2011, 38; https://www.accp1.org/documents/TipsforDisposalofUnusedorExpiredMedications.pdf. Anon. 2015, "Marin IJ Editorial: Prescription drug return ordinance a good start." marinij.com, Marin Independent Journal, 29 March, 2 pp; http://www.marinij.com/opinion/20150329/marin-ij-editorial-prescription-drug-return-ordinance-a-good-start.

Anon. 2015, "Bad Drug Trip in Alameda: An important commerce case for the Supreme Court." The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, Inc., New York, NY, 17 May, 3 pp; http://www.wsj.com/articles/bad-drug-trip-in-alameda-1431901043. Anon. "Doxylamine overdose." Reactions Weekly 2015, 1545(1):96-96; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40278-015-9187-y. Anon. "Government Programs, Public Education Critical to Curbing Drug Abuse." Pharmacy Times 2016:1. Anon. "Syringe dead-space leads to costs due to medication wastage." PharmacoEconomics & Outcomes News 2016, 756(1):32; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40274-016-3181-3. Anonymous. 2017, "Medication take-back plan draws critics." timesunion, The Hearst Corporation, Albany, NY, 4 September, 2 pp; http://www.timesunion.com/allnews/article/Drug-take-back-plan-draws-critics-12167451.php. Antia SX, Sholevar EH, and Baron DA. "Overdoses and Ingestions of Second-Generation Antipsychotics in Children and Adolescents." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 2005, 15(6):970-985; http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2005.15.970. APCC "Animal Poison Control Center: Pet Poison Helpline (Medications)." Web Page maintained by Pet Poison Helpline, Bloomington, MN, 2014, http://www.petpoisonhelpline.com/poisons/. APhA. "Pharmacists Encourage Consumers to Practice Safe Medication Storage and Disposal." American Pharmacists Association, Washington, DC, 2009, 1 pp; available: http://www.pharmacist.com/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home2&TEMPLATE=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm&CONTENTID=21938. APhA. "APhA Regulatory Summary. Drug Enforcement Agency: Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking and Request for Comment: Disposal of Controlled Substances by Persons not Registered with Drug Enforcement Administration." pharmacist.com, Washington, DC, 11 February, 2009, 5 pp; available: http://www.pharmacist.com/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home2&TEMPLATE=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm&CONTENTID=18607. Aplenc R, Kent D, Glatzer M, Hoehn JB, Forte G-B, Alderslade R, et al. "Inappropriate Drug-Donation Practices in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Correspondence)." New England Journal of Medicine 1998, 338(20):1472-1474; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199805143382017. Appel S. "Returning Unwanted Medicine: Background." The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited, Cheltenham, Victoria, Australia, 2008, available: http://www.returnmed.com.au/background. APV, GDCh, and DBU. "Conference on Sustainable Pharmacy: Refine, Reduce, Replace." 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Pharmacy, Osnabruö ck, Germany, Arbeitsgemeinschaft fuö r Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik (APV) [International Association for Pharmaceutical Technology]; Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker e. V. (GDCh) [German Chemical Society] ; and Umweltbundesamt (UBA) [Federal Environment Agency], 19-20 November, 2012, http://www.dbu.de/550artikel32761_135.html. Arce Palacios C. "Situacioé n actual de los planes de manejo de residuos relacionados con faé rmacos y medicamentos registrados ante la SEMARNAT [Current situation of waste management plans related to drugs and medicines registered with SEMARNAT]." Masters Dissertation, Unidades Acadeé micas de Nivel Posgrado, Mexico, 2017. 94 pp; http://tesis.ipn.mx/handle/123456789/20722. ARCHS. "Prudent Disposal of Unwanted Medications (RxMEDS)." Area Resources for Community and Human Services (ARCHS), 13 July, 2009, 46 pp; available: http://yosemite.epa.gov/oarm/igms_egf.nsf/9e9c2a5934a808d585256fb6006df292/c6dec249447baf0785257d6f0071aaa0! OpenDocument. Arena JM. "The problem of accidental poisoning in children as it exists to-day." Journal of the American Medical Association 1955, 159(16):1537-1539; https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19562701507. Arkaravichien W, Ruchipiyarak T, Thawinwan W, and Benjawilaikul S. "A Threat to the Environment from Practice of Drug Disposal in Thailand." EnvironmentAsia 2014, 7(1):13-18; http://tshe.org/ea/pdf/vol7no1-03.pdf. Armenian P, Fleurat M, Mittendorf G, and Olson KR. "Unintentional Pediatric Cocaine Exposures Result in Worse Outcomes than Other Unintentional Pediatric Poisonings." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017, 52(6):825-832; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.03.017. Armenian P and Kearney TE. "Pediatric ergot alkaloid exposures reported to the California Poison Control System: 1997–2008." Clinical Toxicology 2014, 52(3):214-219; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2014.885037. Armenta S and Blanco M. "Ion Mobility Spectrometry: A Comprehensive and Versatile Tool for Occupational Pharmaceutical Exposure Assessment." Analytical Chemistry 2012, 84(10):4560-4568; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac300655t. Armstrong BA and Reinhardt PA. "Managing laboratory biomedical waste using a large on-site autoclave-shredder." Journal of Chemical Health and Safety 2010, 17(8):33-39; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchas.2010.02.002. Armstrong SH and Sanders JP. "EPA expected to finalize new pharmaceutical waste rule in 2010." Ungaretti & Harris LLP, Chicago, IL, November, 2009, 4 pp; available: http://tiny.cc/9l4ei. Arnestad M. "What is toxic in infants and children?" Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology 2013, 9(1):94-95; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12024012-9371-9. Arnold PJ and Reich MR. "PVO Pharmaceutical Donations: Making the Incentive Fit the Need." Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Economics 1990, 2(4):49-70; https://www.econbiz.de/Record/pvo-pharmaceutical-donations-making-the-incentive-fit-the-need-arnold-patricia/10001103438.

Aronow R, Paul SD, and Woolley PV. "Childhood poisoning: An unfortunate consequence of methadone availability." Journal of the American Medical Association 1972, 219(3):321-324; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1972.03190290017005. Arroyo AM and Kao LW. "Calcium Channel Blocker Toxicity." Pediatric Emergency Care 2009, 25(8):532-538; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181b0a504. Arthur B and Fewell B. "Prescription drugs winding up in drinking water." WRAL.com, Raleigh, NC, 27 April 2011; http://www.wral.com/lifestyles/healthteam/video/9507824/#/vid9507824. Aruru MV, Salmon B, and Salmon JW. "Pharmaceuticals and environmental sustainability: A time for change." Best Practices Around the World: 141st Annual Meeting and Expo, Boston, MA, 2-6 November, 2013, https://apha.confex.com/apha/141am/webprogram/Paper277624.html. AÅ sberg KH. "900 ton laö kemedel per aå r laö mnas tillbaka till apoteken: En enkaö tstudie om laö kemedelskassation [900 Tons of Drugs a Year Be Returned to Pharmacies: A survey of why medicines are returned to pharmacies]." Lakartidningen 2004, 101(10):898-900; http://ltarkiv.lakartidningen.se/2004/temp/pda28185.pdf; http://www.lakartidningen.se/old/content_0410/pdf/898_900.pdf. Asboe D, Daniels D, Erskine D, and Boag FC. "Wasted drugs in HIV infections and AIDS [letter]." British Medical Journal 1992, 304(6825):508-509; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.304.6825.508-b. Aschenbrenner DS. "Fentanyl Patches Pose a Safety Risk to Young Children." American Journal of Nursing 2012, 112(7):24,25; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NAJ.0000415954.62179.fa. ASCP. "ASCP Policy Statement on the Return and Reuse of Medications in Long-term Care Facilities." American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, Docket EPA-HQ-OW-2006-0771, DCN 04873, 11 July, 2003, 3 pp; available: http://www.ascp.com/resources/policy/upload/ASCP%20Policy%20Statement %20on%20Return%20&%20Reuse.pdf. ASCP. "Joint letter from American Society of Consultant Pharmacists to Max Baucus RE: America’s Healthy Future Act, Sec. 3312 Provisions to Address Pharmaceutical Waste in Long-Term Care." American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, Alexandria, VA, 12 November, 2009, 8 pp; available: http://www.ascp.com/advocacy/briefing/upload/111209%20Baucus%20pharm%20waste%20letter.pdf. ASCP. "Reducing Pharmaceutical Waste." American Society of Consultant Pharmacists (ASCP), Alexandria, VA, 26 March, 2009, 6 pp; available: http://www.ascp.com/advocacy/briefing/upload/Reducing%20Pharm%20Waste%20White%20Paper.pdf. ASCP. 2014, "Pharmaceutical Waste Practice Resource Center." American Society of Consultant Pharmacists (ASCP), Alexandria, VA, 5 pp; https://www.ascp.com/articles/pharmaceutical-waste-practice-resource-center. Ashcroft JD, Tandy KP, Walker WJ, and Good PM. "Pharmacist’s Manual: an Information Outline of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970." Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Washington, DC, 2004, 8th Edition, 57 pp; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/pubs/manuals/pharm2/2pharm_manual.pdf; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/pubs/manuals/pharm2/. ASHP. "ASHP guidelines on handling hazardous drugs." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2006, 63:1172-1193; http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp050529. ASHP. "Saving the environment one prescription at a time: members devise a unique, safe disposal system for consumers." American Society of HealthSystem Pharmacists 2007, Summer:11-12; https://www.ashp.org/DocLibrary/MemberCenter/InterSections/IntersectionsSummer2007.aspx. ASHP Advantage. "Managing Pharmaceutical Waste: A Discussion Guide for Health-System Pharmacists." ASHP Advantage, Bethesda, MD, Year Unknown, 12 pp; available: http://www.ashpadvantage.com/docs/PharmaWaste-Discussion-Guide.pdf. Askarian M, Momeni M, and Danaei M. "The management of cytotoxic drug wastes in Shiraz, Iran: an overview of all government and private chemotherapy settings, and comparison with national and international guidelines." Waste Management & Research 2013, 31(6):541-548; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x13476747. ASPCA. 2012, "Prescription Meds Top ASPCA's List of Harmful Pet Toxins for 4th Straight Year." American Society for the Prevention and Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), New York, NY, 8 February, 2 pp; http://www.aspca.org/Pressroom/press-releases/020812. ASPCA "ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center: "Toxicology Briefs" (Articles from Veterinary Medicine)." Web Page maintained by American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), New York, NY, 2014, http://www.aspcapro.org/node/73191. Ass Inde "Assinde Online." Web Page maintained by Associazione Indennizzo Resi (Ass Inde), Rome, Italy, 2012, http://www.assindeservizi.it/AssindeOnLine/. Ass Inde "ASSINDE INDENNIZZI S.P.A. [INDEMNIFICATION ASSINDE S.P.A.]." Web Page maintained by Associazione Indennizzo Resi (Ass Inde), Rome, Italy, 2012, http://www.assindeservizi.it/AssindeOnLine/cont_az_assindefinanz.php. Ass Inde "Inventory Service European." Web Page maintained by Associazione Indennizzo Resi (Ass Inde), Rome, Italy, 2012, http://www.inventoryservice.altervista.org/assinde.html. Associated Press. 2010, "Health facilities, NY settle over drug-flushing." msn.com, New York, NY, 12 January, 2 pp; http://news.moneycentral.msn.com/provider/providerarticle.aspx?feed=AP&date=20100112&id=10980874.

Associated Press. 2015, "Bold bid to rein in painkiller prescriptions hits roadblocks." CNBC, 19 December, 5 pp; http://www.cnbc.com/2015/12/19/bold-bid-to-rein-in-painkiller-prescriptions-hits-roadblocks.html. ASSTSAS. "Prevention Guide Safe Handling of Hazardous Drugs." Association paritaire pour la santeé et la seé curiteé du travail du secteur affaires sociales (ASSTSAS), Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 270-0508 (GP65A), 2008, 154 pp; available: http://www.irsst.qc.ca/files/documents/PubIRSST/CG-002.pdf. ASTSWMO. "ASTSWMO Position Paper: A New Regulatory Approach to Pharmaceutical Waste Management (April 23, 2013)." Association of State and Territorial Solid Waste Management Officials (ASTSWMO), Washington, DC, 23 April, 2013, 7 pp; available: http://www.astswmo.org/Files/Policies_and_Publications/Hazardous_Waste/2013-04-Pharmaceutical_Waste_Position_Paper-Board_Approved.pdf. Athern KM, Linnebur SA, and Fabisiak G. "Proper Disposal of Unused Household Medications: The Role of the Pharmacist." The Consultant Pharmacist 2016, 31(5):261-266; http://dx.doi.org/10.4140/TCP.n.2016.261. Atherton DS and Rubenstein MH. "Unwanted Medicines: an investigation into how widespread this is on Merseyside." The Pharmaceutical Journal 1990, 245((Suppl)):R6. Attorney General of the State of New York Health Care Bureau and Erie County Medical Center Corporation. 2007, "Assurance of discontinuance pursuant to executive law Section 63, Subdivision (15) Attorney General of the State of New York, Investor Protection Bureau, Environmental Protection Bureau." Section 62, Subdivision (15), 7 pp; http://www.oag.state.ny.us/media_center/2009/nov/AES%20AOD%20Final%20fully%20executed.pdf; http://www.oag.state.ny.us/bureaus/health_care/pdfs/settlements/Executed_AOD_CathyThomer.pdf. Aurelio CJ and Ueno HM. "Percepçoã es da Indué stria e Distribuiçaã o Farmaceê utica sobre a Logíéstica Reversa de Medicamentos: Um estudo de anaé lise de conteué do na perspectiva de Bardin [Perceptions of the Pharmaceutical Industry and Distribution Network on Drug Reverse Logistics: A content analysis study in Bardin perspective]." XVII ENGEMA - Encontro Internacional sobre Gestaã o Empresarial e Meio Ambiente [International Conference on Business and the Environment], Saã o Paulo, Brazil, 2015, http://engemausp.submissao.com.br/17/anais/arquivos/53.pdf. Auta A, Banwat SB, Sariem CN, Shalkur D, Nasara B, and Atuluku MO. "Medicines in pharmacy students' residence and self-medication practices." Journal of Young Pharmacists 2012, 4(2):119-123; http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-1483.96627. Auta A, Omale S, Shalkur D, and Abiodun AH. "Unused medicines in Nigerian households: Types and disposal practices." Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics 2011, 2(3):195-196; http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-500x.83290. Autier P, Govindaraj R, Gray R, Lakshminarayanan R, Nassery HG, and Schmets G. "Drug donations in post-emergency situations." The World Bank, Preker AS, Ed., Washington, DC, June, 2002, 52 pp; available: http://tiny.cc/pvmfl. Avalee M and Hassan H. "Disposal practice of unused medications among parents of school aged children in Rawang Selangor, Malaysia ." Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Investigations 2015, 1(1):22-26; http://www.jpti.in/vol1-1/Page%20No%2022%20-26.pdf. Avena SM, Shah AA, and Monahann II, Patrick J. "Prescription Drugs Can Make for Unhealthy Waterways: Health-care facilities could be barred from pouring medication down drains." Connecticut Law Tribune, 2010, Jeffrey L. Forte, 4 October 2 pp; http://tinyurl.com/6w6mu5p. Avena SM and Tann DB. "The Hazards of Pharmaceutical Disposal: Arising Issues of Concern." Westlaw Journal 2013, 33(23):1-7. AVMA. "Best Management Practices for Pharmaceutical Disposal." American Veterinary Medical Association, 2009, available: http://www.avma.org/issues/policy/pharmaceutical_disposal.asp. AVMA. 2009, "Pharmaceutical disposal guide intended to reduce water contamination." American Veterinary Medical Association news (AWMA news), 1 September, 2 pp; http://www.avma.org/onlnews/javma/sep09/090901d.asp. AVMA. "The AVMA's tips on how to dispose of pharmaceutical waste." American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), 2009; http://www.youtube.com/user/AmerVetMedAssn#p/u/2/nKp3phEtS2M. AVMA. 2014, "10 "Poison Pills" for Pets." American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), 2 pp; https://www.avma.org/public/PetCare/Pages/Poison-pills-for-pets.aspx. Awad OI, Travers GE, and Mousa SA. "Drug Disposal: Current Recommendations and Environmental Concerns." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2010, 2(4):1-6; http://www.ijpronline.com/ViewArticleDetail.aspx?ID=91. AWWA and Gerberding J. "Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in Drinking Water." American Water Works Association, 2009; http://www.drinktap.org/home/water-information/water-quality/pharmaceuticals-ppcps.aspx. Ayscough NJ, Fawell J, Franklin G, and Young W. "Review of Human Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." Environment Agency, 2000, 114 pp. Azab SMS, Hirshon JM, Hayes BD, El-Setouhy M, Smith GS, Sakr ML, et al. "Epidemiology of acute poisoning in children presenting to the poisoning treatment center at Ain Shams University in Cairo, Egypt, 2009–2013." Clinical Toxicology 2016, 54(1):20-26; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2015.1112014. Azad AK, Ansary RH, Akhter A, Al-Mamun SMM, Uddin M, and Rahman MM. "Disposal Practice for Unused Medications among the Students of the International Islamic University Malaysia." Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2012, 2(7):101-106; http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2012.2712.

Azad AK, Hossin MM, Muhammad KR, Robuiul I, Abdullahi MM, and Islam MA. "Medication wastage and its impact on environment: evidence from Malaysia." Pharmacology Online 2016, 3:114-121; http://irep.iium.edu.my/54291/. Azaltílmasí M. "A Cost Saving and Waste Minimization Study About Handling of the Antineoplastic Agents [Antineoplastik Iİlaç Hazírlamada Tíbbi Malzeme Tasarrufu ve Atík Iİlaç]." Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017, 14(3):304-310; http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjps.25238. Azkunaga B, Mintegi S, Bizkarra I, Fernaé ndez J, and The Intoxications Working Group of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Emergencies. "Toxicology surveillance system of the Spanish Society of Paediatric Emergencies: first-year analysis." European Journal of Emergency Medicine 2011, 18(5):285287; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MEJ.0b013e3283462504. Azmal M, Kalhor R, Dehcheshmeh MF, Goharinexhad S, Heidari ZA, and Farzianpour F. "Going toward Green Hospital by Sustainable Healthcare Waste Management: Segregation, Treatment and Safe Disposal ." Health 2014, 6:2632-2640; http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/health.2014.619302. Azzinaro, Corverse, Edwards, Malik, and Kennedy. 2014, "An Act Relating to Criminal Offenses - Theft, Embezzlement, False Pretenses and Misappropriation." State of Rhode Island, H 7619 SUBSTITUTE A, 3 pp; http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/BillText14/HouseText14/H7619A.pdf. Baaklini J. "Les Problemes Engendres Par Les Medicaments Non Utilises (MNU) En France et a L’etranger [Problems Caused by the Drug Unused (MNU) in France and Abroad]." Doctoral Dissertation, University of Paris, Paris, France, 2009. 156 pp; http://www.remed.org/these_mnu_baaklini_09.pdf. Babatunde BB, Kika PE, Ugoeze KC, Nwanchukwu N, Sikoki FD, and Udeala OK. "Ecotoxicity Potentials of Residual Paracetamol and Personal Care Products (PPCPS) in Household Waste at the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria ." Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology 2016, 6(1); http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.1000339. Bach PB, Conti RM, Muller RJ, Schnorr GC, and Saltz LB. "Overspending driven by oversized single dose vials of cancer drugs." BMJ 2016, 352; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i788. Bacog AP. "Pharmaceuticals in Water: How pharmaceuticals reach drinking water, ways to reduce that amount and why it matters." 2010, 7 pp; available: http://www.bacog.org/images/PharmaceutcialsinWater.pdf. Baertschi SW. "Analytical methodologies for discovering and profiling degradation-related impurities." TRAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 2006, 25(8):758-767; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2006.05.012. Baertschi SW, Ed., "Pharmaceutical Stress Testing: Predicting Drug Degradation." Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, 2009, 504 pp; http://www.gbv.de/du/services/toc/bs/486875172. Bailey JE, Campagna E, and Dart RC. "The Underrecognized Toll of Prescription Opioid Abuse on Young Children." Annals of Emergency Medicine 2009, 53(4):419-424; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.07.015. Bain K. "Death due to accidental poisoning in young children." The Journal of Pediatrics 1954, 44(6):616-623; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S00223476(54)80002-3. Bain KT. "Public Health Implications of Household Pharmaceutical Waste in the United States." Health Services Insights 2010, 3:21-36; http://www.lapress.com/public-health-implications-of-household-pharmaceutical-waste-in-the-un-article-a2199. Bain KT. "Understanding the Public Health Implications of Household Pharmaceutical Waste in the US – Part One." Medical Waste Management 2010, July-September:4-14; http://www.environmental-expert.com/articles/understanding-the-public-health-implications-of-household-pharmaceuticalwaste-part-one-195052. Bain KT. "Understanding the Public Health Implications of Household Pharmaceutical Waste in the US – Part Two." Medical Waste Management 2010, October-December:4-5; http://www.wastexchange.org/upload_publications/ArticleonPharmaceuticalWaste.pdf. Baird RM, Crowden CA, O'Farrell SM, and Shooter RA. "Microbial contamination of pharmaceutical products in the home." Journal of Hygiene 1979, 83(2):277-283; http://www.jstor.org/pss/3862532. Baker R, Moss P, Upton D, and Pankhania J. "Investigation of systems to prevent diversion of opiate drugs in general practice in the UK." Quality & Safety in Health Care 2004, 13(1):21-25; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/qshc.2002.002485. Bakhaidar M, Jan S, Farahat F, Attar A, Alsaywid B, and Abuznadah W. "Pattern of Drug Overdose and Chemical Poisoning among Patients Attending an Emergency Department, Western Saudi Arabia." Journal of Community Health 2015, 40(1):57-61; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10900-014-9895-x. Bakovic M, Nestic M, and Mayer D. "Death by band-aid: fatal misuse of transdermal fentanyl patch." International Journal of Legal Medicine 2015, 129(6):1247-1252; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-015-1209-z. Balit CR, Gilmore SP, and Isbister GK. "Unintentional paediatric ingestions of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 2007, 43(10):686-688; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01188.x. Ball AM and Smith KM. "Optimizing transdermal drug therapy." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2008, 65(14):1337-1346; http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp070554. Ballu O. "Statut des medicaments non utilises (MNU) [Status of unused drugs (M.N.U.)]." Ecole Nationale de la Sante Publique (ENSP), Rennes, France, 2003. 51 pp; http://www.bdsp.ehesp.fr/Base/Scripts/ShowA.bs?bqRef=285208.

Baltimore CL and Meyer J. "A study of storage, child behavioral traits, and mother's knowledge of toxicology in 52 poisoned families and 52 comparison families." Pediatrics 1968, 42(2):312-317; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/42/2/312. Bamshad MJ and Wasserman GS. "Pediatric clonidine intoxications." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1990, 32(3):220-223; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2353431. Banwat SB, Auta A, Dayom DW, and Buba Z. "Assessment of the storage and disposal of medicines in the home in parts of Jos North Local Government area of Plateau State, Nigeria." University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria, 2015, 17 pp; available: http://tjpr.org/jmanager/manuscript/xfiles/banwat_project_bennin_3.doc. Banwat SB, Auta A, Dayom DW, and Buba Z. "Assessment of the storage and disposal of medicines in some homes in Jos north local government area of Plateau State, Nigeria." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2016, 15(5):989-993; http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v15i5.13. Baqir H, Baig MA, Brown N, and Mian AI. "Accidental Poisoning in Young Children: an Emergency Medicine Perspective for Pakistan and Other Low-and Middle-Income Countries and a Call for Action." Eurasian Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017, 16:140-143; http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/eajem.2017.25733. Barek J, Cvacka J, de Meo M, Laget M, Michelon J, and Castegnaro M. "Chemical degradation of wastes of antineoplastic agents amsacrine, azathioprine, asparaginase and thiotepa." The Annals of Occupational Hygiene 1998, 42(4):259-266; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9713249; http://annhyg.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/42/4/259?view=long&pmid=9713249. Bari SB, Kadam BR, Jaiswal YS, and Shirkhedkar AA. "Impurity profile: Significance in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient." Eurasian Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2007, 2(1):32-53; http://eurasianjournals.com/index.php/ejac/article/view/40. Barker R, Heiring C, Jones T, Spinks D, and Pitt R. "Medicinal Poisoning in Queensland Toddlers." Injury Bulletin 2008, 101:1-8; http://www.qisu.org.au/ModCoreFilesUploaded/Bulletin_10189.pdf. Barlas S. "Pharmacy Take-Back Programs: Opportunities for Congress, Liabilities for Pharmacies." Pharmacy and Therapeutics 2009, 34(8):404; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2799122/. Barone S. "The Poison Prevention Packaging Act." Year Unknown; http://www.anec.org/attachments/Suzanne%20Barone.ppt. Bar-Oz B, Levichek Z, and Koren G. "Medications that can be fatal for a toddler with one tablet or teaspoonful: A 2004 update." Pediatric Drugs 2004, 6(2):123-126; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00148581-200406020-00005. Barrett D. 2014, "U.S. to Allow Pharmacies to Take Back Unused Prescription Drugs: New Regulation Will Allow People to Mail Back Unused Pills." The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, Inc., New York, NY, 8 September, 3 pp; http://online.wsj.com/articles/u-s-to-allow-pharmacies-to-takeback-unused-prescription-drugs-1410186602. Barrett G. "Unused drugs: Legacy or liability?" USA Today, 2001, 13 March www.usatoday.com/news/health/2001-03-12-leftover-drugs.htm. Barrueto F, Jr., Gattu R, and Mazer-Amirshahi M. "Updates in the General Approach to the Pediatric Poisoned Patient." Pediatric Clinics of North America 2013, 60(5):1203-1220; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2013.06.002. Barry F. 2015, "Drug disposal not our problem, industry tells Supreme Court." in-Pharma Technologist.com, William Reed Business Media SAS, Montpellier, France, 14 January, 2 pp; http://www.in-pharmatechnologist.com/Regulatory-Safety/Drug-disposal-not-our-problem-industry-tellsSupreme-Court. Bartell Drug Company, Group Health Cooperative, Interagency Resorce for Achieving Cooperation (IRAC), Local Hazardous Waste Management Program in King County, Northwest Product Stewardship Council, Pacific Northwest Pollution Prevention Resource Center (PPRC), et al. "Medicine Take-Back Workshop." Medicine Take-Back Workshop, Seattle, WA, 18 April, 2008, http://www.medicinereturn.com/resources/workshop. Barthwell AG, Barnes MC, Leopold VR, and Wichelecki JL. "A Vital Balancing Act: Multi-Sector Approaches to Preventing Prescription Drug Abuse in the United States while Ensuring Adequate Patient Access to Medications: Part 2." Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice 2009, 3(1); http://www.globaldrugpolicy.org/Issues/Vol%203%20Issue%201/A%20Vital%20Balancing%20Act%20Pt%202.pdf. Barthwell AG, Barnes MC, Leopold VR, and Wichelecki JL. "A Vital Balancing Act: Multi-Sector Approaches to Preventing Prescription Drug Abuse in the United States while Ensuring Adequate Patient Access to Medications: Part 1." Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice 2009, 3(1); https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289174991_A_vital_balancing_act_Multisector_approaches_to_preventing_prescription_drug_abuse_in_the_united_states_while_ensuring_adequate_patient_access_to_medications_Part_1; http://www.globaldrugpolicy.org/Issues/Vol%203%20Issue%201/A%20Vital%20Balancing%20Act.pdf. Bartolone P. 2013, "California County Takes on Pharmaceutical Companies over Drug Disposal." Capital Public Radio, Capital Public Radio, Inc., Sacramento, CA, 22 October, 3 pp; http://www.capradio.org/articles/2013/10/22/california-county-takes-on-pharmaceutical-companies-over-drugdisposal/. Bartolone P. 2014, "State Lawmakers Consider Leftover Medication Bill." Capital Public Radio, Capital Public Radio, Inc., Sacramento, CA, 24 March, 3 pp; http://www.capradio.org/articles/2014/03/24/sate-lawmakers-consider-leftover-medication-bill/.

Bartoo C, "Raiding the Medicine Cabinet: Drug disposal event saving environment/lives." Nurse, 2011, Fall: 9-13 pp; http://www.colepersonalsafety.com/uploads/Vanderbilt_Art.pdf; http://www.vanderbilt.edu/vanderbiltnurse/2011/10/raiding-the-medicinecabinet/. Basel Convention. "Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal." Secretariat of the Basel Convention, Geneva, Switzerland, 1989. 75 pp; http://www.basel.int/text/17Jun2010-conv-e.pdf; http://www.basel.int/. Baselt RC. "Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man." Biomedical Publications, Seal Beach, CA, 2011, 9th Edition, 2350 pp; http://www.biomedicalpublications.com/. Baselt RC and Cravey RH. "A Compendium of Therapeutic and Toxic Concentrations of Toxicologically Significant Drugs in Human Biofluids." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 1977, 1(2):81-103; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/1.2.81. Bashaar M, Thawani V, Hassali MA, and Saleem F. "Disposal practices of unused and expired pharmaceuticals among general public in Kabul." BMC Public Health 2017, 17(1):45; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3975-z. Bassett RA, Osterhoudt K, and Brabazon T. "Nicotine Poisoning in an Infant." New England Journal of Medicine 2014, 370(23):2249-2250; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc1404692. Bassi MD and Moretton J. "Mutagenicity of Antineoplastic Drug Residues Treated in Health Care Waste Autoclave." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 2003, 71(1):0170-0175; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-003-0145-7. Basta N. 2010, "Medication adherence could get an EHR boost: Growing digitization of patient data could break the threshold to better adherence to medication therapies." Pharmaceutical Commerce, Brooklyn, NY, 24 March, http://www.pharmaceuticalcommerce.com/frontEnd/main.php? idSeccion=1407. Bataduwaarachchi VR and Weeraratne CL. "Global medication waste management practices: challenges and opportunities in developing countries." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 2016, 5(6):2290-2294; http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20164081. Bate R, Tren R, Hess K, and Attaran A. "Physical and chemical stability of expired fixed dose combination artemether-lumefantrine in uncontrolled tropical conditions." Malaria Journal 2009, 8:33; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-8-33. Bateman B. "Pharmaceutical Take-Back Programs in Adult Care Facilities: A Pilot Project in Newberg, Oregon." Tulatin Valley Water District, 9 February 2007; http://www.oracwa.org/files/news/220/2007-02-Newberg-Program.pdf. Bateman BO, Thonstad R, and Danicic D. "Conflicting public policies: Why is it so difficult to keep pharmaceuticals out of the water?" Water Resources Impact 2007, 9(3):18-21; http://www.awra.org/impact/issues/0705impact.pdf. Bates C. "Overprescription of Postoperative Narcotics: A Look at Postoperative Pain Medication Delivery, Consumption and Disposal in Urological Practice." Journal of Urology 2011, 185(2):551-555; doi:10.1016/j.juro.2010.09.088. Bates LM. "Donation Policy Study." in An Assessment of U.S. Pharmaceutical Donations: Players, Processes, and Products, Reich MR, Ed., Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA, 1999, Chapter 4, pp 65-93; http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s20190en/s20190en.pdf. Batt S. "Full Circle: Drugs, the Environment and Our Health." Atlantic Centre of Excellence for Women's Health, Halifax, NS, 2004, 17 pp; available: http://www.whp-apsf.ca/en/documents/fullCircle.html. Battersby A. 1998, "Disposal of expired drugs (cont'd): South Africa has comprehensive regulation governing the disposal of waste." EssentialDrugs.org, Watertown, MA, 16 January, 1 pp; http://www.essentialdrugs.org/edrug/archive/199801/msg00074.php. Bauer E. "Pharmaceutical Packaging Handbook." Informa Healthcare USA, Inc., New York, NY, 2009, 585 pp; http://informahealthcare.com/doi/book/10.3109/9781420012736. Bay Area Pollution Prevention Group. "Report on the San Francisco Bay area's safe medicine disposal days." Bay Area Pollution Prevention Group (BAPPG), San Francisco, CA, 2006, 45 pp; available: http://oracwa.org/files/news/168/SFBAYSafeMeds-Report-August2006.pdf. Bdour A, Altrabsheh B, Hadadin N, and Al-Shareif M. "Assessment of medical wastes management practice: A case study of the northern part of Jordan." Waste Management 2007, 27(6):746-759; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.03.004. Bean TG, Bergstrom E, Thomas-Oates J, Wolff A, Bartl P, Eaton B, et al. "Evaluation of a Novel Approach for Reducing Emissions of Pharmaceuticals to the Environment." Environmental Management 2016, 58(4):707-720; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-016-0728-9. Beautrais AL, Fergusson DM, and Shannon FT. "Accidental poisoning in the first three years of life." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 1981, 17(2):104-109; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.1981.tb01915.x. Beaven L. 2010, "Maine Study May Spur Tougher Disposal Requirements for Pharmaceuticals." InsideEPA.com, Washington, DC, 17 February, 3 pp; http://insideepa.com/secure/docnum.asp?f=epa_2001.ask&docnum=2172010_maine. Beaven L. 2010, "Maine Study May Help Bid for State Limits on Landfilling Pharmaceuticals." InsideEPA.com, Washington, DC, 15 February, http://insideepa.com/secure/docnum.asp?docnum=WATER-19-4-25&f=epa_2001.ask.

Beaven L. 2012, "EPA Weighs Overhaul for Pharmaceutical Waste Rules following Criticism." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 30 April, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/Superfund-Report/Superfund-Report-04/30/2012/epa-weighs-overhaul-for-pharmaceuticalwaste-rules-following-criticism/menu-id-128.html. Beaven L. 2014, "IG Steps up Scrutiny of EPA's Efforts to Regulate Pharmaceutical Waste." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 14 March, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/201403192464823/EPA-Daily-News/Daily-News/ig-steps-up-scrutiny-of-epas-efforts-toregulate-pharmaceutical-waste/menu-id-95.html. Becker J. "Minding the Gap: Research Priorities to Address Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." University of Chicago, School of Public Health, Chicago, IL, February, 2010, 28 pp; available: http://www.when.org/images/docs/pharma_r3_web.pdf. Becker J, Meé ndez-Quigley T, and Phillips M. "Nursing Role in the Pharmaceutical Life Cycle." Nursing Administration Quarterly 2010, 34(4):297-305; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NAQ.0b013e3181f5640a. Becker JA, Ortner P, and Tullai-McGuinness S. "Don't Rush to Flush: Safer Pharmaceutical Practices for Hospice Home Care and Home Health Nurses." Home Health Care Management & Practice 2010, 22(3):202-206; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1084822309348696. Becker K. 2009, "These Meds Might Be 'Safe' for You... but They Can KILL Your Pet." Healthy Pets, Mercola, 30 December, 6 pp; http://healthypets.mercola.com/sites/healthypets/archive/2009/12/30/these-meds-might-be-safe-for-you-but-they-can-kill-your-pet.aspx. Becker ML, Huntington N, and Woolf AD. "Brimonidine Tartrate Poisoning in Children: Frequency, Trends, and Use of Naloxone as an Antidote." Pediatrics 2009, 123(2):e305-e311; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2008-1951. Becker WC, Tobin DG, and Fiellin DA. "Nonmedical use of opioid analgesics obtained directly from physicians: Prevalence and correlates." Archives of Internal Medicine 2011, 171(11):1034-1036; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2011.217. Beckers ASC Review. 2009, "6 Best practices for proper disposal of pharmaceutical waste." Cataract Outsourcing, 5 March, 1-4 pp; http://www.cataractoutsourcing.com/or-management/6-practices-proper-disposal-pharmaceutical/. Behnke J. "Comment: Pharmaceuticals in the water: The albatross around Texas's neck." Texas Tech Administrative Law Journal 2012, 13(325); https://litigation-essentials.lexisnexis.com/webcd/app?action=DocumentDisplay&crawlid=1&doctype=cite&docid=13+Tex.+Tech.+Admin.+L.+J. +325&srctype=smi&srcid=3B15&key=726d45fa82be6564169fb89e9d213b4d. Behr R, Stahler D, and Pistell A. "Preliminary Characterization of the Pharmaceutical Content of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Leachate from three landfills in Maine." Department of Environmental Protection - State of Maine, 2009, 3 pp; available: http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/Landfill%20leachate%20testing%20study%201%2010.pdf. Behringer B. "Statement of Bruce Behringer, MPH Associate Vice President, Office of Rural and Community Health East Tennessee State University Johnson City, Tennessee before the Special Committee on Aging United States Senate Hearing on Prescription Drug Disposal June 30, 2010." Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), Senate Special Committee on Aging, Hearing on Drug Waste and Disposal: When Prescriptions Become Poison, chaired by Sen. Herb Kohl, 30 June, Washington, DC, 2010. 4 pp; http://www.aging.senate.gov/events/hr223bb.pdf. Behrman A and Goertemoeller S. "A Sticky Situation: Toxicity of Clonidine and Fentanyl Transdermal Patches in Pediatrics." Journal of Emergency Nursing 2007, 33(3):290-293; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2007.02.004. Beirens TMJ, van Beeck EF, Dekker R, Brug J, and Raat H. "Unsafe storage of poisons in homes with toddlers." Accident Analysis & Prevention 2006, 38(4):772-776; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2006.02.007. Bekker CL, van den Bemt BJF, Egberts TCG, Bouvy ML, and Gardarsdottir H. "Unused medicines returned to community pharmacies: An analysis of medication waste and possibilities for redispensing." Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy 2017, 13(3):e1-e2; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2017.02.062. Belakhov VV and Garabadzhiu AV. "Polyene Macrolide Antibiotics: Mechanisms of Inactivation, Ways of Stabilization, and Methods of Disposal of Unusable Drugs (Review)." Russian Journal of General Chemistry 2015, 85(13):2985-3001; http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S1070363215130174. Bell D. 2011, "Fed Agencies Disagree on Whether Pill Flushing Harms the Water Supply." http://woodbridge.patch.com/articles/fed-agencies-disagreeon-whether-pill-flushing-harms-the-water-supply. Bell RG "A Prescription for the Environment: Eco-Directed Sustainable Prescribing." Web Page maintained by AAPS Blog, American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists (AAPS), 2014, http://aapsblog.aaps.org/2014/07/29/a-prescription-for-the-environment-eco-directed-sustainableprescribing/#more-4384; http://aapsblog.aaps.org/. Bellan N, Pinto TdJA, Kaneko TM, Moretto LD, and Junior NdS. "Critical analysis of the regulations regarding the disposal of medication waste." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2012, 48(3):507-518; http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1984-82502012000300018&script=sci_arttext. Bellingham C. "How pharmacists can help to prevent wastage of prescribed medicines." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2001, 267(7175):741-742; http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/news-and-analysis/features/pj-online-news-feature-how-pharmacists-can-help-to-prevent-wastage-ofprescribed-medicines/20005527.article. Bellingham C. "How to dispose of unwanted medicines." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2004, 273(7324):686; http://www.pharmaceuticaljournal.com/pj-online-contract-2005-how-to-dispose-of-unwanted-medicines/20013307.article.

Belson MG, Gorman SE, Sullivan K, and Geller RJ. "Calcium channel blocker ingestions in children." The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2000, 18(5):581-586; http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2000.9264. Belson MG, Sullivan K, and Geller RJ. "Beta-adrenergic antagonist exposures in children." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 2001, 43(6):361-365; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11757997. Bendjoudi Z, Taleb F, Abdelmalek F, and Addou A. "Healthcare waste management in Algeria and Mostaganem department." Waste Management 2009, 29(4):1383-1387; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.10.008. Bengtsson B-E, Gunnarsson B, Hagerman H, Liljelund K, and Wennmalm AÅ , Eds., "A Healthy Future - Pharmaceuticals in a Sustainable Society." Apoteket AB, MistraPharma, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden, 2009, 201 pp; http://www.mistrapharma.se/Homepage/DownloadFile/f/333233/h/557e63b8a520e26d0da9084cc39c526f/Book+MistraPharma+2008+eng. Benizri F, Bonan B, Ferrio A-L, Brandely M-L, Castagneé V, Theé ou-Anton N, et al. "Stability of antineoplastic agents in use for home-based intravenous chemotherapy." Pharmacy World and Science 2009, 31(1):1-13; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-008-9270-z. Bennett S. 2010, "Scratch & Win War on Africa's Counterfeit Malaria Medicines Gets under Way." Bloomberg, 13 May, 4 pp; http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-05-13/scratch-win-war-on-africa-s-counterfeit-malaria-medicines-gets-under-way.html. Benoit M-L. "Medication Adherence and Safety Program for Community-Dwelling Seniors with Chronic Conditions." Journal of Doctoral Nursing Practice 2016, 9(2):170-176; https://doi.org/10.1891/2380-9418.9.2.170. Benson BE, Farooqi MF, Klein-Schwartz W, Litovitz T, Webb AN, Borys DJ, et al. "Diphenhydramine dose–response: a novel approach to determine triage thresholds." Clinical Toxicology 2010, 48(8):820-831; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.514269. Benson BE, Spyker DA, Troutman WG, and Watson WA. "TESS-based dose–response using pediatric clonidine exposures." Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2006, 213(2):145-151; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2005.10.009. Benson BE, Spyker DA, Troutman WG, Watson WA, and Bakhireva LN. "Amlodipine Toxicity in Children Less than 6 Years of Age: A Dose-Response Analysis Using National Poison Data System Data." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2010, 39(2):186-193; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2009.02.016. Bentur Y, Desiatnic Obchinikov N, Cahana A, Kovler N, Bloom-Krasik A, Lavon O, et al. "Pediatric Poisonings in Israel: National Poison Center Data." Israel Medical Association Journal 2010, 12:554-449; https://www.ima.org.il/FilesUpload/IMAJ/0/40/20182.pdf. Benvenuto JA, Connor TH, Monteith DK, Laidlaw JL, Adams SC, Matney TS, et al. "Degradation and inactivation of antitumor drugs." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1993, 82(10):988-991; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600821007. Berckmans P, Dawans V, Schmets G, Vandenbergh D, and Autier P. "Inappropriate Drug-Donation Practices in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1992 to 1996." New England Journal of Medicine 1997, 337(25):1842-1845; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199712183372512. Berckmans P, Dawans V, Schmets G, Vandenbergh D, Autier P, and Matthys F. "Drug donation practices in Bosnia I Herzegovina." Meé decins Sans Frontieà res - Belgium, 1996-1997, 32 pp; available: http://www.fondationaedes.org/upload/83/Main%20report%20Bosnia%20Herzegovina.doc. Berge KH, Dillon KR, Sikkink KM, Taylor TK, and Lanier WL. "Diversion of Drugs within Health Care Facilities, a Multiple-Victim Crime: Patterns of Diversion, Scope, Consequences, Detection, and Prevention." Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2012, 87(7):674-682; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.03.013. Bergen P, Kong D, George J, Hussainy S, Kirkpatrick C, Dooley M, et al. "The National Return and Disposal of Unwanted Medicines (NatRUM) Project Audit." Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, December, 2013, 59 pp; available: http://auspharmacist.net.au/images/rumrep.pdf. Berlow S, Paulozzi L, and Diekman S. "Prescription Drug Overdose: State Health Agencies Respond." Association of State and Terriotorial Health Officials (ASTHO), Arlington, VA, Cooperative Agreement # U50/CCU313903, 2008, 25 pp; available: http://www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/pubs/RXReport_web-a.pdf. Berny P, Caloni F, Croubels S, Sachana M, Vandenbroucke V, Davanzo F, et al. "Animal poisoning in Europe. Part 2: Companion animals." The Veterinary Journal 2010, 183(3):255-259; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.03.034. Berruyer M, Tanguay C, Merger D, and Bussieà res J-F. "Dosage urinaire de meé dicaments dangereux: eé tat des lieux, enjeux et perspectives [Urinary dosing dangerous drugs: overview, challenges and perspectives]." Bulletin d'information toxicologique 2013, 29(1):37-55; https://www.inspq.qc.ca/toxicologie-clinique/dosage-urinaire-de-medicaments-dangereux-etat-des-lieux-enjeux-et-perspectives. Berry J. "The state of medicine recycling." Hazardous 2008, (October):2; http://earth911.com/blog/2008/10/06/the-state-of-medicine-recycling/. Bertini S, Buronfosse F, Pineau X, Berny P, and Lorgue G. "Benzodiazepine poisoning in companion animals." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1995, 37(6):559-562; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8588297; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/14612846. Besson M, Gerstel P, Beé dat G, and Jackson Y. "Les Pharmacies du cœur aà Geneà ve: Un partenariat meé decins-pharmaciens pour favoriser l’acceà s aux meé dicaments [The heart of Pharmacies in Geneva: A pharmacist-physician partnership to promote access to medicines]." Revue Médicale Suisse [Swiss Medical Journal] 2008, 172:2054-2058; http://www.revmed.ch/RMS/2008/RMS-172/Les-Pharmacies-du-coeur-a-Geneve-un-partenariat-medecinspharmaciens-pour-favoriser-l-acces-aux-medicaments.

Bettington E, Spinks J, Kelly F, Gallardo-Godoy A, Nghiem S, and Wheeler AJ. "When is a medicine unwanted, how is it disposed, and how might safe disposal be promoted? Insights from the Australian population." Australian Health Review 2017, 19 December; http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/AH16296. Beuhler MC, Spiller HA, and Sasser HC. "The Outcome of Unintentional Pediatric Bupropion Ingestions: A NPDS Database Review." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2010, 6(1):4-8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13181-010-0027-4. Bever L. 2016, "A mother’s warning after babysitter allegedly gives infant a lethal dose of Benadryl." The Washington Post, Washington, DC, 7 June, 7 pp; https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/parenting/wp/2016/06/07/children-are-dying-a-mothers-message-after-8-month-old-dies-from-fatalbenadryl-dose/. Bhandari P. 2014, "Prescriptions for Cleaner Waterways." Greenversations, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 30 October, 2 pp; http://blog.epa.gov/science/2014/10/prescriptions-for-cleaner-waterways/. Bharwani S, Hashim MJ, Raheel H, Rahim M, and Sharif Y. "Role of a Poison Center in Reducing Unintentional Childhood Ingestion by Targeting PreEvent Risk Factors." Pediatric Emergency Care 2013, 29(3):296-300; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182850a17. Bialik C. 2010, "Counterfeit Drug Count Is Tough to Swallow." The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, Inc., New York, NY, 2 pp; http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704644404575482284154942708.html. Bicket MC, Long JJ, Pronovost PJ, Alexander G, and Wu CL. "Prescription opioid analgesics commonly unused after surgery: A systematic review." JAMA Surgery 2017, 152(11):1066-1071; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0831. Bickford B. "Pharmaceutical Waste: How much is there and what can we do about it?" Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, 17 July 2014; http://waterstarwisconsin.org/documents/Bickford_000.pdf. Bickford B. "Protecting Wisconsin’s Waterways from Pharmaceutical Waste." Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, 13 March 2014; http://uwphi.pophealth.wisc.edu/programs/health-policy/ebhpp/events/20140313/bickford.pdf. BIDMC "OpenNotes." Web Page maintained by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Brookline, Massachusetts, 2009, http://myopennotes.org/about.shtml. Bihari M. 2013, "Proper Disposal of Prescription Drugs: Safely Disposing of Your Medications." About.com Drugs, 3 pp; http://drugs.about.com/od/howtouseyourmedications/a/drud_disposal.htm. Birch H. "What to do with leftover prescription drugs." Chemistry World 2012, May. Bischoff K and Mukai M. "Toxicity of over-the-counter drugs." in Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical Principles, 2nd edition; Gupta RC, Ed., Elsevier; London, UK, 2012, Chapter 28, pp 443-467; doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-385926-6.00028-4; https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385926-6.00028-4. Bishop-Freeman SC, Shonsey EM, Friederich LW, Beuhler MC, and Winecker RE. "Benzonatate Toxicity: Nothing to Cough At." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 2017, 41(5):461-463; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkx021. Bisson M, Strub MP, Ferrieres C, and Gabarda-Oliva D. "Characterization by both analytical and genotoxicological approaches of the gas effluents and clinkers produced by a specific incinerator for infectious wastes during the incineration of cytostatic drugs." Toxicology Letters 2007, 172(Supplement 1):S112-S113; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.05.302. BJA. "Developing a Strategy for a Multiagency Response to Clandestine Drug Laboratories." Bureau of Justice Assistance, Office of Justice Programs, NCJ 142643, US Department of Justice, Washington, DC, 1993. 152 pp; http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles/clan.pdf. Black C. 2008, "Curing the problem of discarding pills." Seattle Post-Intelligencer, Hearst Seattle Media, LLC, Seattle, WA, 1 February, 3 pp; http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/health/301869_hcenter01.html. Blackwell B. "Treatment adherence." British Journal of Psychiatry 1976, 129(6):513-531; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/793670. Blair BD. "Potential Upstream Strategies for the Mitigation of Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic Environment: a Brief Review." Current Environmental Health Reports 2016, 3(2):153-160; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40572-016-0088-x. Blais (Senator) and Maher (Senator). 2010, "S 2581: an Act: Relating to Health and Safety -- Unused Pharmaceutical Disposal Program." State of Rhode Island General Assembly, Providence, RI, January Session, 8 pp; http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/BillText10/SenateText10/S2581.pdf. Blanco G, Lemus JAÁ , Martíénez F, Arroyo B, Garcíéa-Montijano M, and Grande J. "<> Ingestion of multiple veterinary drugs and associated impact on vulture health: implications of livestock carcass elimination practices." Animal Conservation 2009, 12(6):571-580; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00283.x. Blank C. "Prescription drug pilfering in the home prevented by two new products." Drug Topics 2012, September:23; http://digital.modernmedicine.com/nxtbooks/advanstar/dt_201209/#/24. Blank C. "NABP study says rogue websites are rampant." Drug Topics 2013, August. Blank C. "One in 10 Americans have taken someone else’s Rx." Drug Topics 2013, August.

Blank C. "ISMP issues brochure on dangers of fentanyl patch after child’s death." Drug Topics 2013, September; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drug-topics/news/ismp-issues-brochure-dangers-fentanyl-patch-after-child-s-death. Blank C. 2015, "FDA approves first 3D epilepsy drug." ModernMedicine Network - formulary watch, UBM Medica, LLC, 6 August, http://formularyjournal.modernmedicine.com/formulary-journal/news/fda-approves-first-3d-epilepsy-drug. Blankstein A and Connor T. 2016, "K-9 Dogs Overdose on Fentanyl, Drug That Killed Prince." NBC News, nbcnews.com, New York, NY, 28 November, 3 pp; http://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/k-9-dogs-overdose-fentanyl-drug-killed-prince-n687611. Blenkharn JI. "Medical wastes management in the south of Brazil." Waste Management 2006, 26(3):315-317; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2005.09.002. Blenkinsopp A and Bond CM. "The Potential and Pitfalls of Medicine Management: What Have We Learned So Far?" Disease Management & Health Outcomes 2008, 16(2):79-86; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00115677-200816020-00002. Blix HS, Viktil KK, Moger TA, and Reikvam A. "Drugs with narrow therapeutic index as indicators in the risk management of hospitalised patients." Pharmacy Practice (Internet) 2010, 8(1):50-55; http://www.pharmacypractice.org/journal/index.php/pp/article/view/131. Blom AT, de Bruijn JC, and van de Vaart FJ. "Wat doet de consument met overgebleven receptgeneesmiddelen [How consumers deal with the remainders of unused prescription drugs]." Pharmaceutisch Weekblad 1996, 131(4):102-107; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/295566440. Blom ATG, de Bruijn JCMJ, and de Jong JGAM. "Verspilling? Wel voorgeschreven maar niet gebruikte geneesmiddelen [Waste? Drugs which have been prescribed but not consumed]." Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 1997. Bloor RN, McAuley R, and Smalldridge N. "Safe storage of methadone in the home-an audit of the effectiveness of safety information giving." Harm Reduction Journal 2005, 2(9); http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7517-2-9. Blount GW, Johnson JH, and Clemons Webb K. "EPA Proposes Long-Awaited Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals Rule: Implications to Healthcare Facilities." Troutman Sanders, 10 September, 2015, 11 pp; available: http://www.mondaq.com/unitedstates/x/426034/Waste+Management/EPA+Proposes+LongAwaited+Hazardous+Waste+Pharmaceuticals+Rule+Impl ications+To+Healthcare+Facilities. Blue Ribbon Water Panel. "Public Perceptions/Acceptance Working Group Blue Ribbon Water Panel Draft White Paper Analysis." 24 September, 2010, 4 pp; available: http://www.adwr.state.az.us/AzDWR/waterManagement/documents/Priority16WhitePaper.pdf. Blue-Zone Technologies Ltd. 2011, "Anesthetic Gas Collection & Processing Services." Deltasorb: Anesthetic Collection Service, Concord, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2 pp; http://www.bluezone.ca/about-blue-zone. Blum D. 2014, "Poisoning Our Pets." Wired, Wired.com, 2 pp; http://www.wired.com/2014/03/poisoning-pets/. Blumenauer E, LaTourette SC, Simpson AK, Dickson KL, and Petri T. 2009, "H.R. 3202: Water Protection and Reinvestment Act of 2009." 111th Congress (2009-2010), 71 pp; http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/FEDERAL%20pharms%20HR3202.pdf; http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h111-3202. Board of Supervisors of Sonoma County. "Board of Supervisors Proceeds with Safe Medicine Disposal: Ordinance to Include Sharps & Standards for Take Back Sites." 2017, 2 pp; http://sonomacounty.ca.gov/Board-of-Supervisors/Press-Releases/2017/Board-of-Supervisors-Proceeds-with-SafeMedicine-Disposal/. Board of Supervisors of the County of Alameda. "Ordinance amending the Alameda County Ordinance Code by adding Chapter 6.53, Sections 6.53.010 through 6.53.130 to: Require any person who produces a drug offered for sale in Alameda county to participate in an approved drug stewardship program for the collection and disposal of unwanted drugs from residential sources." County of Alameda, Alameda, CA, 2011. 14 pp; http://fyi.uwex.edu/pharma/files/2011/01/Alameda-County-Drug-Disposal-Ordinance-Draft1.pdf. Board of Supervisors of the County of Alameda. 2012, "Supervisor Nate Miley Convenes Alameda County Safe Drug Disposal Stakeholder Meetings." Oakland, CA, 26 April, 1 pp; http://calpsc.org/assets/press/2012/2012-04-26_AlamedaCountyPressRelease.pdf. Bodas M, Yuval L, Zadok R, Hess Z, Haran B, Kaplan M, et al. "Shelf-life extension program (SLEP) as a significant contributor to Strategic National Stockpile Maintenance: the Israeli experience with ciprofloxacin." Biosecur Bioterror 2012, 10(2):182-187; http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/bsp.2011.0107. Boehme SE. "Unwanted medications: Sources, environmental concerns, and initiatives." Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant, North American Hazardous Materials Management Association, 26 October 2006; http://www.glerl.noaa.gov/res/Centers/HumanHealth/docs/medicine_disposal_workshop/boehme_pre_2.pdf. Boehringer SK. "What’s the Best Way to Dispose of Medications?" Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2004, 20(4):200415. Boethius G and Moö ller B. "Returned drugs in relation to prescribed—frequency, reason and cost [note: citation could not be verified]." Svensk Farmaceutisk Tidskrift 1979, 83(14):539-542. Boguski C, Day K, Gigliotti L, Hughes MA, Knackstedt T, Kocak T, et al. "Improving Knowledge of Proper Medication Disposal among Pharmacists in Charleston County, SC." Medical University of South Carolina, MUCS, Charleston, SC, 2011, 1 pp; available: http://academicdepartments.musc.edu/musc/news/univ_news/archive/2011/MedicalDisposal.pdf.

Boivin M. "The cost of medication waste." Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal 1997:32-39; http://www.napra.org/Content_Files/Files/wastecost.PDF. Bonati M, Forte GB, de Joncheere K, and Magnusson E. "Drug donations to Bosnia-Hercegovina are often inappropriate." British Medical Journal 1996, 313(7063):1011; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7063.1011b. Bond GR and Thompson JD. "Olanzapine pediatric overdose." Annals of Emergency Medicine 1999, 34(2):292-293; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S01960644(99)70250-7. Bond GR, Woodward RW, and Ho M. "The Growing Impact of Pediatric Pharmaceutical Poisoning." The Journal of Pediatrics 2012, 160(2):265-270.e261; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.07.042. Bong CL, Hilliard J, and Seefelder C. "Severe Methemoglobinemia from Topical Benzocaine 7.5% (Baby Orajel) Use for Teething Pain in a Toddler." Clinical Pediatrics 2009, 48(2):209-211; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922808324491. Bonin MM and Burkhart KK. "Olanzapine overdose in a 1-year-old male." Pediatric Emergency Care 1999, 15(4):266-267; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10460083. Bonner L. 2015, "Who should pay for take-back programs in pharmacies?" American Pharmacists Association, Washington, DC, 6 February, 3 pp; http://www.pharmacist.com/who-should-pay-take-back-programs-pharmacies. Bonner RC and Haislip GR. "Controlled Substances Security Manual: an Informational Outline of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970." Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Washington, DC, May, 1991, 30 pp; available: http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/pubs/manuals/sec/security.pdf; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/pubs/manuals/sec/index.html. Bonnie RJ, Ford MA, and Phillips JK. "Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic: Balancing Societal and Individual Benefits and Risks of Prescription Opioid Use." The National Acedemies Press, Washington, DC, 2017, 372 pp; available: http://nationalacademies.org/hmd/reports/2017/painmanagement-and-the-opioid-epidemic.aspx Boogaerdt J. "[What should be done with leftover animal drugs?]." Tijdschrift Diergeneeskd [In Dutch] 1982, 107(7):292-294; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7080023. Booze L. "One Pill Can Kill: Pediatric Poisonings." Pharmaceutical Education Consultants, Inc., 2013; http://www.freece.com/Files/Classroom/ProgramSlides/108cf3cc-bbf5-4dee-bb3f-ac262049bcbf/ONE%20PILL%20CAN%20KILL%20Final %20Handout_mlo.pdf. Borys D, Stanton M, Gummin D, and Drott T. "Tapentadol Toxicity in Children." Pediatrics 2015, 135(2):e392-e396; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-2096; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/135/2/e392.full.pdf. Bosch X and Williams RJ. "Household antibiotic storage." Science 1998, 281(5378):783; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.281.5378.783h. Bothma J. "The Pharmacist and Medicine Waste Disposal: Pharmaceutical Practitioner." SA Pharmaceutical Journal 2007, 74(2):26-27; http://reference.sabinet.co.za/sa_epublication_article/mp_sapj_v74_n2_a11. Bothma J. "Health Care Waste Summit 2009." SA Pharmaceutical Journal 2009, 76(6):37-38; http://www.sapj.co.za/index.php/SAPJ/article/view/620. Bothma J and Clack V. "The safe disposal of medicine – What is happening in South Africa?" SA Pharmaceutical Journal 2009, 76(5):44-45; http://www.sapj.co.za/index.php/SAPJ/article/viewFile/598/543. Bottei EM, Gottsch SG, and Guinia PL. "Abstracts of the 2006 North American congress of clinical toxicology annual meeting. 31. Lack of uniform message about unwanted pharmaceutical disposal methods: Opportunity for education and outreach." Clinical Toxicology 2006, 44(5):639; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650600795966. Bottoni P, Caroli S, and Caracciolo AB. "Pharmaceuticals as priority water contaminants." Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry 2010, 92(3):549565; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02772241003614320. Boughton B. 2009, "Challenges in Drug Take-Back Programs: An Expert Interview with Amy Tiemeier." Medscape, 15 April, 2 pp; http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/591106. Bound JP, Kitsou K, and Voulvoulis N. "Household disposal of pharmaceuticals and perception of risk to the environment." Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 2006, 21(3):301-307; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2005.09.006. Bound JP and Voulvoulis N. "Household disposal of pharmaceuticals as a pathway for aquatic contamination in the United Kingdom." Environmental Health Perspectives 2005, 113(12):1705-1711; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8315. Bouvy M, Coma A, and Marino EL. "European survey about unused drugs." Pharmacy World and Science 2005, 27 [Proceedings: 33rd European Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy: Risk Management in Pharmacotherapy]:A79-A80; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-004-7944-8. Bowe L. "Investigating Emergent Contaminants: Pharmaceutical impacts and possible solutions." University of Massachusetts Boston, project funded by the Rappaport Institute for Greater Boston, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, 13 March, 2008, 80 pp; available: http://www.mass.gov/dep/toxics/stypes/ec_bowe.doc; http://www.mass.gov/dep/toxics/stypes/ec_bowe.pdf.

Bowker M. 2014, "Disposed: Sen. Jackson pulls her prescription drug disposal bill for lack of support, amid fierce opposition from the pharmaceutical industry." Mission & State, Santa Barbara, CA, 17 April, 8 pp; http://www.missionandstate.org/healthcare-2/disposed-prescriptiondrugs/. Bowman S, Cooper D, Fanucchi M, Gorman G, Hooks D, Khan E, et al. "The Edge of Chaos Household Hazardous Waste Disposal II: Prescription Medication in Jefferson County Wastewater." 1 April, 2015, 8 pp; available: http://theedgeofchaos.org/sites/theedgeofchaos.org/files/u3459/Wicked %20Problem%20-%20Final%20Paper%20(2).pdf. Boxall A, Crane M, Corsing C, Eirkson C, and Tait A. "Uses and Inputs of Veterinary Medicines in the Environment." in Veterinary Medicines in the Environment, Crane M, Boxall ABA and Barrett K, Eds., CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group; Boca Raton, FL, 2008, Chapter 2, pp 7-20; doi:10.1201/9781420084771.ch2; http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420084771.ch2. Boxall AB. "Joint Working Party on Agriculture and the Environment: New and emerging water pollutants arising from agriculture." Organisation de Coopeé ration et de Deé veloppement EÁ conomiques (OCDE) [Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development], Trade and Agriculture Directorate, Environment Directorate, Paris, France, 25 January, 2012, 49 pp; available: http://www.oecd.org/tad/sustainableagriculture/49848768.pdf. Boxall ABA, Fogg L, Blackwell PA, Kay P, and Pemberton EJ. "Review of Veterinary Medicines in the Environment." Environment Agency, 2002, 251 pp; available: http://publications.environment-agency.gov.uk/pdf/SP6-012-8-TR-e-p.pdf. Boyer EW, McCance-Katz EF, and Marcus S. "Methadone and Buprenorphine Toxicity in Children." The American Journal on Addictions 2010, 19(1):8995; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.2009.00002.x. Brachman S, "Pharmaceutical Waste Update." UW Extension News, University of Wisconsin, Solid & Hazardous Waste Education Center, April, 2009, 2 pp; http://www4.uwm.edu/shwec/publications/newsletters/pdf/April2009.pdf. Bradley M. "Waste Medication: Community Pharmacy Audit Report 2008/09." NHS Cumbria, Cumbria, UK, November, 2009, 13 pp; available: http://www.cumbria.nhs.uk/ProfessionalZone/MedicinesManagement/Guidelines/waste%20audit.pdf. Bradley TJ and Williams WH. "Evaluation of medicines returned in Manchester DUMP campaign." The Pharmaceutical Journal 1975, 215:542, 547. Bradshaw P and Jarvis A. "Charitable Donations: Reissuing returned medicines to developing countries." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2004, 273(7332):514-515; http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/pj-online-pj-letters-charitable-donations/20013036.article. Brady KB. "Pharmaceutical Management Agency: Changes to the frequency of medicine dispensing." Office of the Auditor-General, Wellington, New Zealand, 20 May, 2005, 48 pp; available: http://www.oag.govt.nz/2005/pharmac/docs/pharmac.pdf. Brainerd WK and Olmsted RW. "Toxicity due to the use of tyzine hydrochloride." The Journal of Pediatrics 1956, 48(2):157-164; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(56)80161-3. Braitberg G and Oakley E. "Small Dose...: Big Poison." Australian Family Physician 2010, 39(11):826-833; http://www.racgp.org.au/afp/201011/40453. Brandeis University. "Heller School's prescription for excellence: new drug monitoring center." BrandeisNOW, 2010, http://www.brandeis.edu/now/2010/march/pmp-release.html. Brands B, Paglia-Boak A, Sproule BA, Leslie K, and Adlaf EM. "Nonmedical use of opioid analgesics among Ontario students." Canadian Family Physician 2010, 56(3):256-262; http://www.cfp.ca/content/56/3/256.long. Braund R. "Waste Not, Want Not; Medication wastage." Best Practice 2009, 23:4-7; http://www.bpac.org.nz/magazine/2009/september/upfront.asp; http://www.bpac.org.nz/magazine/2009/september/docs/bpj23_upfront_pages4-7.pdf. Braund R, Chuah F, Gilbert R, Gn G, Soh A, Tan LY, et al. "Identification of the reasons for medication returns." New Zealand Family Physician 2008, 35:248-252. Braund R, Gn G, and Matthews R. "Investigating unused medications in New Zealand." Pharmacy World and Science 2009, 31(6):664-669; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-009-9325-9. Braund R, Peake BM, and Shieffelbien L. "Disposal practices for unused medications in New Zealand." Environment International 2009, 35(6):952-955; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2009.04.003. Braund R, Yuen YC, and Jung J. "Identification and quantification of medication returned to Otago pharmacies." New Zealand Family Physician 2007, 34(4):258-262. Braxton EJ. "Method and device for the disposal, recovery and recycling of pharmaceuticals from human wastes." Patent Application: 2001, 9 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6317900.html. Braybrook S, John DN, and Leong K. "A survey of why medicines are returned to pharmacies." The Pharmaceutical Journal 1999, 263(7063):R30. Brayden DJ, Oudot EJM, and Baird AW. "Drug Delivery Systems in Domestic Animal Species." in Comparative and Veterinary Pharmacology, Cunningham F, Elliott J and Lees P, Eds., Springer; Berlin, Germany, 2010, Volume 199, Chapter 4, pp 79-112; doi:10.1007/978-3-642-10324-7_4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10324-7_4.

Brayer AF and Wax P. "Accidental ingestion of sustained release calcium channel blockers in children." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1998, 40(2):104-106; http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/9554067. Breen L and Xie Y. "Waste not, want not. What are the drivers of sustainable medicines recycling in National Health Service hospital pharmacies (UK)? ." International Journal of Procurement Management 2015, 8(1):82-103; http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJPM.2015.066289. Breé hin C, Cessans C, Monchaud C, Lavit M, Majorel C, and Claudet I. "A pseudoencephalitis presentation of a pediatric non-intentional intoxication." European Journal of Paediatric Neurology 2016, 20(3):418-420; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2016.02.010. Breitenbach S. 2015, "State, Local Officials Push Manufacturers to Pay for Drug Disposal." Stateline, The Pew Charitable Trusts, 4 December, 5 pp; http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2015/12/04/state-local-officials-push-manufacturers-to-pay-for-drug-disposal. Brenner SM and Boucher J. "Fatal Cardiac Arrest in 2 Children: Possible Role of Ondansetron." Pediatric Emergency Care 2016, 32(11):779-784; http://journals.lww.com/pec-online/Fulltext/2016/11000/Fatal_Cardiac_Arrest_in_2_Children__Possible_Role.8.aspx. Brewer B and Antell A. "A case study of the management of hazardous waste drugs in a large university hospital." Journal of Chemical Health and Safety 2013, 20(3):2-7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchas.2012.10.003. Brindha G and Kishore K. "Bio-Medical Waste Management ." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 2013, 3(8):69-76; http://www.scopemed.org/?mno=44442. Britten N and Ukoumunne O. "The influence of patients' hopes of receiving a prescription on doctors' perceptions and the decision to prescribe: a questionnaire survey." British Medical Journal 1997, 315(7121):1506-1510; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7121.1506. Bronder E and Klimpel A. "Unused drugs returned to the pharmacy-new data." International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2001, 39(11):480-483; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11727967?dopt=Abstract; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11627865. Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena J, Louis R., Green JL, Rumack BH, and Dart RC. "2009 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 27th Annual Report." Clinical Toxicology 2010, 48:979-1178; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.543906. Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena J, Louis R., Green JL, Rumack BH, and Dart RC. "2010 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 28th Annual Report." Clinical Toxicology 2011, 49:910-941; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2011.635149. Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena J, Louis R., Rumack BH, and Dart RC. "2011 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 29th Annual Report." Clinical Toxicology 2012, 50:911-1164; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2012.746424. Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR, Jr., Green J, Rumack BH, and Heard SE. "2006 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ National Poison Data System (NPDS)." Clinical Toxicology 2007, 45(8):815-917; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/155636500701754763. Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR, Jr., Green JL, Rumack BH, and Giffin SL. "2008 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ National Poison Data System (NPDS): 26th Annual Report." Clinical Toxicology 2009, 47:911-1084; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650903438566. Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR, Jr., Green JL, Rumack BH, and Heard SE. "2007 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 25th Annual Report." Clinical Toxicology 2008, 46(10):927-1057; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650802559632. Browder C. 2011, "Flushing meds puts drugs in water supply." WRAI.com, WRAL.com, Raleigh, NC, 2 pp; http://www.wral.com/news/local/story/9571403/. Brown C. "An evaluation of the potential for behavioural change in the purchase, use and disposal of domestic cleaning and other products into the wastewater system." Masters Dissertation, Cranfield University, School of Applied Sciences, 2007. 43 pp; http://64.233.167.104/search? q=cache:CL9TysFO8ZAJ:https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/bitstream/1826/2511/1/Brown2007.pdf+daughton+disposal&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=88&gl=us. Brown C. 2011, "EPA Expects to Issue Final Guidance on Pharmaceuticals Disposal by End of 2011." Daily Environment Report, The Bureau of National Affairs, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 23 May, 2 pp; http://news.bna.com/deln/DELNWB/split_display.adp? fedfid=20934041&vname=dennotallissues&fn=20934041&jd=a0c7w2w8v6&split=0. Brown T. "Implications for a Drug Take Back Program in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System." Masters Dissertation, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 2014. 29 pp; http://repository.lib.ncsu.edu/dr/bitstream/1840.4/8284/1/Brown,%2BTamika%2Bfinal.pdf. Broyles M, Broyles VP, and Meritt Y. "Utilization of Unused Prescriptions Medication Act." Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association 2007, 100(3):82-84; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17432034. Brushin B. "Returned Unwanted Medicines Survey: Victorian Report (Melbourne Metropolitan Area)." The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited (RUM), Melbourne, Australia, 2005, 131 pp.

Bryant S and Singer J. "Management of toxic exposure in children." Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 2003, 21:101-119; https://www.ttuhsc.edu/amarillo/som/ped/documents/toxic.pdf. Buckley N and McManus P. "Can the Fatal Toxicity of Antidepressant Drugs be Predicted with Pharmacological and Toxicological Data?" Drug Safety 1998, 18(5):369-381; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-199818050-00006. Buckley NA. "Poisoning and Epidemiology: 'Toxicoepidemiology'." Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 1998, 25(3-4):195-203; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.t01-5-.x. Budnitz DS and Lovegrove MC. "The Last Mile: Taking the Final Steps in Preventing Pediatric Pharmaceutical Poisonings." The Journal of Pediatrics 2012, 160(2):190-192; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.09.020. Budnitz DS, Lovegrove MC, Sapiano MRP, Mathew J, Kegler SR, Geller AI, et al. "Notes from the Field: Pediatric Emergency Department Visits for Buprenorphine/Naloxone Ingestion — United States, 2008–2015." Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) 2016, 65(41):1148-1149; http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6541a5. Budnitz DS and Salis S. "Preventing medication overdoses in young children: an opportunity for harm elimination." Pediatrics 2011, 127(6):e15971599; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-0926. Buehler G and Huynh-Ba K. "Regulatory Requirements for Stability Testing of Generics." in Pharmaceutical Stability Testing to Support Global Markets, Huynh-Ba K, Ed., Springer AAPS Press; City Unknown, 2010, Chapter 9, pp 61-66; doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0889-6_9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/9781-4419-0889-6_9. Bueno CS, Weber DJ, and Oliveira KR. "Farmaé cia caseira e descarte de medicamentos no bairro Luiz Fogliatto do municíépio de Ijuíé – RS [Pharmacy home and disposal of medicines in the district of the city of Luiz Fogliatto Ijuíé – RS]." Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada 2009, 30(2):75-82; http://files.bvs.br/upload/S/1808-4532/2009/v30n2/a011.pdf. Bukhari SKS, Qureshi JARH, Jooma R, Bile KM, Kazi GN, Zaibi WA, et al. "Essential medicines management during emergencies in Pakistan." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2010, 16(Supplement):S106-S113; http://www.emro.who.int/emhj-volume-16-2010/volume-16-supplement/article14.html. Bula F. 2012, "B.C. moving quickly toward producer-pays recycling system." The Globe and Mail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 3 September, 2 pp; http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/bc-moving-quickly-toward-producer-pays-recycling-system/article4517083/. Buppert C. 2002, "Should Patients Be Asked to Return Unused Opioids?" Medscape Today, 11 December, 2 pp; http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/445632. Burgess JL and Chandler D. "Clandestine drug laboratories." in Oupational, Industrial, and Environmental Toxicology, 2nd edition; Greenburg MI, Hamilton RJ, Phillips SD and McCluskey SD, Eds., Mosby, Inc.; Philadelphia, PA, 2003, pp 746-765; http://books.google.com/books/about/Occupational_Industrial_and_Environmenta.html?id=NnZ23IqU4SoC; http://books.google.com/books? id=NnZ23IqU4SoC&pg=PA746&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=2. Burghardt LC, Ayers JW, Brownstein JS, Bronstein AC, Ewald MB, and Bourgeois FT. "Adult Prescription Drug Use and Pediatric Medication Exposures and Poisonings." Pediatrics 2013, 132(1):1-10; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-2978. Burke M and Smith C. "Waste Watch: A model for managing discarded pharmaceuticals." hospitalconnect.com, 7 March, 2006, 5 pp; available: http://www.hfmmagazine.com/hfmmagazine_app/hospitalconnect/search/article.jsp? dcrpath=HFMMAGAZINE/PubsNewsArticleGen/data/2006March/0603HFM_DEPT_EnvirSer&domain=HFMMAGAZINE. Burnham JC. "How the discovery of accidental childhood poisoning contributed to the development of environmentalism in the United States." Environmental History Review 1995, 19(3):57-81; http://www.jstor.org/stable/3984912. Burnham JC. "Why Did the Infants and Toddlers Die? Shifts in Americans' Ideas of Responsibility for Accidents: From Blaming Mom to Engineering." Journal of Social History 1996, 29(4):817-837; http://www.jstor.org/stable/3788667. Burns C. 2014, "What happens to the excreted drugs you flush down the toilet? Doctors should take into account the ‘downstream’ effects on the environment when they prescribe drugs, suggests a scientist at the US Environmental Protection Agency." theguardian.com, Guardian News and Media Limited, New York, NY, 13 August, 4 pp; http://www.theguardian.com/science/blog/2014/aug/08/drugs-toilet-pharmaceutical-pollution. Burns K. 2012, "What’s in your medicine cabinet? Generation RX and Medical Adherence." LECOM School of Pharmacy, Erie, PA, 3 March, 5 pp; http://tinyurl.com/7379jdo. Burns KA, Madras JM, Ray ME, O'Neil DP, Bruinsma AL, Ferrare E, et al. "Unused first-fill prescriptions: cause for concern?" The American Journal of Pharmacy Benefits 2013, 5(4):e103-e110; http://www.dhp.virginia.gov/taskforce/minutes/20150413/StorageWkgUnusedPrescriptions04132015.pdf. Burt A, Annest J, Ballesteros M, and Budnitz D. "Nonfatal, Unintentional Medication Exposures among Young Children--United States, 2001-2003." Journal of the American Medical Association 2006, 295(8):882-884; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.295.8.882. Business Water. 2011, "United Water and NCPA Launch National Partnership for Safe Disposal of Unused Medication: Program Helps Protect Nation’s Waterways." Business Wire, San Francisco, CA, 21 April, 2 pp; http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20110421006443/en/United-Water-NCPALaunch-National-Partnership-Safe.

Bustillos D. "Destroying Unused, Unopened Prescription Drugs at Taxpayer Expense: an Update." University of Houston - Law Center, Houston, TX, August, 2005, 2 pp; available: http://www.law.uh.edu/healthlaw/perspectives/August2005/(DB)DrugDestruction.pdf. Buszka P, Yeskis D, Kolpin D, Furlong E, Zaugg S, and Meyer M. "Waste-Indicator and Pharmaceutical Compounds in Landfill-Leachate-Affected Ground Water near Elkhart, Indiana, 2000–2002." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 2009, 82(6):653-659; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-009-9702-z. Butler K. 2012, "Can You Flush Your Old Drugs down the Toilet? In search of a safe way to ditch unused pharmaceuticals." MotherJones, Mother Jones and the Foundation for National Progress, San Francisco, CA, July/August, 19 pp; http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2012/05/prescriptiondrug-disposal. Butterfield S. "Dumping drugs puts traces of meds in taps." ACP Interist 2009. Buzby ME. "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: PhRMA PIE Perspective." PhRMA, 2007; http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/AssessingRisk/PPCP/upload/04_Buzby.pdf. Byars M and Quinn M. 2015, "Broomfield suspends prescription drug take-back. Boulder County program also canceled as DEA cuts funding." Broomfield News, Broomfield Enterprise, 9 April, 3 pp; http://www.broomfieldenterprise.com/broomfield-news/ci_27867091/broomfield-suspendsprescription-drug-take-back. Cactus "Smart Sink(TM)." Web Page maintained by Cactus LLC, Charleston, SC, 2012, http://www.cactusllc.net/SmartSink.aspx. Cactus, LLC, "What is the Cactus Smart Sink®?" Web Page maintained by Cactus, LLC, Charleston, SC, 2012, http://www.cactusllc.net/what-is-smartsink.cfm. Cai C, Liu H, and Wang B. "Performance of microwave treatment for disintegration of cephalosporin mycelial dreg (CMD) and degradation of residual cephalosporin antibiotics." Journal of Hazardous Materials 2017, 331:265-272; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.034. Cairns R and Buckley NA. "The Poisoning Severity Score: If It Did Not Exist, We Would Have To Invent It." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2017, 13(2):131134; https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-017-0614-8. Caldwell AA. 2010, "DEA drug take-back nets 121 tons of unwanted drugs." The Washington Post, The Washington Post Company, Washington, DC, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/10/05/AR2010100504092.html. Calello DP, Fine JS, Marcus SM, and Lowry JA. "2012 pediatric fatality review of the National Poison Database System." Clinical Toxicology 2014, 52(2):93-95; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2013.878948. Calello DP and Henretig FM. "Pediatric Toxicology: Specialized Approach to the Poisoned Child." Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 2014, 32(1):29-52; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emc.2013.09.008; http://saludesa.org.ec/biblioteca/FEBRERO%202014/Toxicologia_Pediatrica.pdf Calello DP, Kelly A, and Osterhoudt KC. "Case files of the medical toxicology fellowship training program at the children’s hospital of Philadelphia: A pediatric exploratory sulfonylurea ingestion." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2006, 2(1):19-24; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03161009. Calello DP, Muller AA, Henretig FM, and Osterhoudt KC. "Benzocaine: Not Dangerous Enough?" Pediatrics 2005, 115(5):1452; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-0285. California Department of Public Health "Medical Waste Management Program." 2007, http://www.cdph.ca.gov/certlic/medicalwaste/Pages/default.aspx; http://www.cdph.ca.gov/certlic/medicalwaste/Documents/MedicalWaste/MangtPharmsMW_101502.pdf; http://www.cdph.ca.gov/certlic/medicalwaste/Documents/MedicalWaste/pharms_out_sewers_v3_090503.pdf. California DTSC "Pharmaceutical Waste." Web Page maintained by California Department of Toxic Substances Control, Sacramento, CA, 2010, http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/AssessingRisk/PPCP/index.cfm. California DTSC "Regulatory Issues for Waste Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products Management." Web Page maintained by California Department of Toxic Substances Control, Sacramento, CA, 2010, http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/AssessingRisk/PPCP/Pharmaceutical_Regulatory.cfm. California Office of Legislative Counsel (OLC). 2016, "SB-1229 Home-generated pharmaceutical waste: secure drug take-back bins." State of Carlifornia Legislative Counsel Bureau, Sacramento, CA, SB-1229, 4 pp; http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml? bill_id=201520160SB1229. California State Auditor. "Home-Generated Sharps and Pharmaceutical Waste: By Designating a Lead Agency, the State Could Increase Proper Disposal." California State Auditor, Sacramento, CA, Report 2016-127, May, 2017, 54 pp; available: https://www.bsa.ca.gov/reports/2016-127/summary.html; https://www.bsa.ca.gov/pdfs/reports/2016-127.pdf. California Wastewater Agencies. "No drugs down the drain." 2008, available: http://nodrugsdownthedrain.org/. CaliforniaHealthline "Calif. Advocates, Local Governments and Retirees Stump for Drug Take-Back Bill." Web Page maintained by The Advisory Board Company, San Francisco, CA, 2014, http://www.californiahealthline.org/articles/2014/3/24/calif-advocates-local-governments-and-retirees-stump-for-drug-take-back-bill.

CalRecycle "Household Hazardous Waste: Medication Waste Disposal." Web Page maintained by California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle), Sacramento, CA, 2008, http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/homehazwaste/Medications/. CalRecycle. "Public Notice: SB966 Pharmaceutical Drug Waste Disposal Program Workshop." Workshop: Materials Management and Local Assistance Program (MMLA), Sacramento, CA, California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle), 20 July, 2010, http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/Actions/PublicNoticeDetail.aspx?id=217&aiid=217. CalRecycle. "Evaluation of Home-Generated Pharmaceutical Programs in California: CalRecycle Background Paper for July 20, 2010 Workshop." California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle), Sacramento, CA, 12 July, 2010, 41 pp; available: http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/Actions/PublicNoticeDetail.aspx?id=217&aiid=217. CalRecycle. "Appendix 1: Overview of Home-Generated Pharmaceutical Collection Programs outside of California." California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle), Sacramento, CA, 2010, 3 pp; available: http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/Actions/PublicNoticeDetail.aspx? id=217&aiid=217. CalRecycle. "Report to the Legislature: Recommendations for Home-Generated Pharmaceutical Collection Programs in California." CalRecycle, Sacramento, CA, DRRR-2011-008, December, 2010, 63 pp; available: http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/Publications/General/2011008.pdf. Cameron JM, Howell DN, White JR, Andrenyak DM, Layton ME, and Roll JM. "Variable and potentially fatal amounts of nicotine in e-cigarette nicotine solutions." Tobacco Control 2014, 23(1):77-78; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050604. Cameron S. "Study by Alberta pharmacists indicates drug wastage a "mammoth" problem." Canadian Medical Association Journal 1996, 155(11):15961598; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8956837. Campbell HV. "Pharmaceuticals in the environment: Regulatory and nonregulatory approaches." Environmental Law Reporter 2002, 32 ELR(10):1120011211; http://www.eli.org. Campbell J. "Drugs on tap: Pharmaceuticals in our drinking water." Pharmacy Practice 2007:27-30; http://www.cielap.org/pdf/news/DrugsOnTap.pdf. Campbell J. "Creating an environmentally friendly pharmacy." Pharmacy Practice 2008, March/April:16-20, 41-43; http://www.algonquin-ecowatch.com/reference-material/Pharmaceuticals%20in%20Water.pdf. Campbell J, Halasi S, and James LJ. "Drug Dump: Management of post-consumer pharmaceutical waste." Pharmacy Practice 2010, April/May:24-38. Canavan N. "Not as easy as 1, 2, 3: Pharmaceutical stress testing is trickier than it appears." Pharmaceutical Formulation & Quality 2009, 11(5):22-26; http://www.dxy.cn/bbs/thread/27642657#27642657. Canavan N. "Printable Pills: the evolving use of inkjet technology." Pharmaceutical Formulation & Quality 2010, June/July. Canavan N. "A Green Sweep: Big Pharma is drafted by ethical and fiscal responsibilities to collaborate on waste reduction efforts." Pharmaceutical Formulation & Quality 2011, 13(4):10-13; http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/wiley/pfq_20110809/#/12. Cann HM, Iskrant AP, and Neyman DS. "Epidemiologic Aspects of Poisoning Accidents." American Journal of Public Health and the Nations Health 1960, 50(12):1914-1924; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1373501/. Cann HM, Neyman DS, and Verhulst HL. "Control of accidental poisoning—a progress report." Journal of the American Medical Association 1958, 168(6):717-724; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1958.03000060001001. Cann HM and Verhulst HL. "The salicylate problem with special reference to methyl salicylate." The Journal of Pediatrics 1958, 53(3):271-276; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(58)80211-5. Cann HM and Verhulst HL. "Accidental ingestion and overdosage involving psychopharmacologic drugs." New England Journal of Medicine 1960, 263(15):719-724; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM196010132631502. Cann HM and Verhulst HL. "Fatal acute chloroquine poisoning in children." Pediatrics 1961, 27(1):95-102; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/27/1/95.abstract. Cantrell FL. "Look What I Found! Poison Hunting on eBay®." Clinical Toxicology 2005, 43(5):375-379; http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/CLT-200066073. Cantrell FL, Cantrell P, Wen A, and Gerona R. "Epinephrine Concentrations in EpiPens After the Expiration Date." Annals of Internal Medicine 2017, 166(12):918-919; http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/L16-0612. Cantrell FL, Clark AK, McKinley M, and Qozi M. "Retrospective review of unintentional pediatric ingestions of doxylamine." Clinical Toxicology 2015, 53(3):178-180; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2015.1006400. Cantrell FL, Sherrard J, Andrade M, Schaber B, and McIntyre IM. "A pediatric fatality due to accidental hydromorphone ingestion." Clinical Toxicology 2017, 55(1):60-62; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2016.1247958. Cantrell L, Suchard J, and Gerona R. "Comment regarding the stability of active ingredients in long-expired prescription medications—Reply." JAMA Internal Medicine 2013, 173(11):1034-1035; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.832.

Cantrell L, Suchard JR, Wu J, and Gerona RR. "Stability of active ingredients in long-expired prescription medications." Archives of Internal Medicine 2012, 172(21):1685-1687; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2012.4501. Capital Returns Inc. "Your risks in handling outdated and unusable drugs: A guide to JCAHO and regulatory standards." Capital Returns, Inc., Milwaukee, WI, 1998, 36 pp. Caravati EM and Bennett DL. "Clonidine transdermal patch poisoning." Annals of Emergency Medicine 1988, 17(2):175-176; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(88)80309-3. Cardinal Health "GenerationRx: The nation’s fastest growing drug epidemic is not on the streets. It’s in our medicine cabinets." Web Page maintained by Cardinal Health, Dublin, OH, 2011, http://www.cardinalhealth.com/us/en/generationrx. Carini F. 2012, "Chemo Drugs Pose Serious Public Health Risks." ecoRInews, ecorRI News, Providence, RI, 4 pp; http://www.ecori.org/front-pagejournal/2012/11/19/chemo-drugs-pose-serious-public-health-risks.html. Carlat D. 2007, "Dr. Drug Rep." The New York Times, New York, NY, 25 November, 17 pp; http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/25/magazine/25memoirt.html; http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/25/magazine/25memoir-t.html?_r=1&pagewanted=print. Carnevale Associates LLC. "Prescription Drug Takeback Programs & Substance Abuse Prevention. Carnevale Associates LLC." Carnevale Associates LLC, Gaithersburg, MD, February, 2012, 2 pp; available: http://www.carnevaleassociates.com/takebacks; http://www.carnevaleassociates.com/prescription_drug_takeback_programs_&_substance_abuse_prevention.pdf. Carome M and Rajput R. 2014, "Public Citizen Seeks Ban on Benzocaine Teething Gels Associated With Life-Threatening Condition." PublicCitizen, Public Citizen, Washington, DC, September, 9 pp; https://www.citizen.org/our-work/health-and-safety/public-citizen-seeks-ban-benzocaine-teething-gelsassociated. Carpenter L. 2009, "Pharmacy Law CE Column: Drug Disposal." Drug Store News: Pharmacy Practice, Drug Store News: Pharmacy Practice, http://www.cedrugstorenews.com/userapp/March%202009%20Law%20Column.cfm. Carpenter S. 2012, "The Garbage Maven: How to dispose of old medication?" Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles, CA, 23 February, 1 pp; http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/home_blog/2012/02/dispose-of-medication.html. Carroll J. 2012, "Pennsylvania bill would force drug manufacturers to pay for disposal." Waste & Recycling News, 18 June, http://www.wasterecyclingnews.com/article/20120618/NEWS03/120619935/pennsylvania-bill-would-force-drug-manufacturers-to-pay-fordisposal#. Carstairs SD, Griffith EA, Alayin T, Ejike JC, and Cantrell FL. "Recurrent seizure activity in a child after acute vilazodone ingestion." Annals of Emergency Medicine 2012, 60(6):819-820; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.06.020. Carstensen JT and Rhodes CT, Eds., "Drug Stability: Principles and Practices." Third Edition, Informa Healthcare USA, Inc., New York, NY, 2000, 773 pp; http://www.crcnetbase.com/isbn/9781420029871. Carter BA and Coppens RC. "EnviRx research project on drug waste in Alberta: Summary report." Alberta Pharmaceutical Association, Edmonton, AB, July, 1996, 19 pp. CASA. "Under the Counter: the Diversion and Abuse of Controlled Prescription Drugs in the U.S." The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA) at Columbia University, New York, NY, July, 2005, 214 pp; available: http://www.casacolumbia.org/download.aspx? path=/UploadedFiles/tt3bl4lk.pdf. CASA. ""You’ve Got Drugs!" Prescription Drug Pushers on the Internet: 2006 Update." The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA) at Columbia University, New York, NY, June, 2006, 13 pp; available: http://www.casacolumbia.org/download.aspx?path=/UploadedFiles/tym3utte.pdf. CASA. "“You’ve Got Drugs!” IV: Prescription Drug Pushers on the Internet." The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA) at Columbia University, New York, NY, May, 2007, 16 pp; available: http://www.casacolumbia.org/download.aspx?path=/UploadedFiles/ndhvscyx.pdf. CASA. "“You’ve Got Drugs!” V: Prescription Drug Pushers on the Internet." The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA) at Columbia University, New York, NY, July, 2008, 23 pp; available: http://www.casacolumbia.org/download.aspx?path=/UploadedFiles/2zlhtwsh.pdf. Case DR. "Comments on the proposed rule entitled "Amendment to the Universal Waste Rule: Addition of Pharmaceuticals" 73 Fed. Reg. 73520 (Dec. 2, 2008)." Environmental Technology Council (ETC), Washington, DC, 2009, 8 pp; available: http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule? pubId=201004&RIN=2050-AG39; http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/pharm-rule.htm. Casey F. "Reusing Sealed Prescription Medicines: the potential for NHS England Primary Care." Masters Dissertation, Imperial College London, London, UK, 2013. 129 pp; http://warrr.org/1271/1/17.35_Imperial_Casey-F-2013-CEP-MSc-Thesis.PDF. Casey M. 2017, "'It's raining needles': Drug crisis creates pollution threat." The Sacramento Bee, Sacramento, CA, 17 July, 6 pp; http://www.sacbee.com/latest-news/article161703668.html. Casey M, Grassley M, and Kohn M. 2010, "S.Res.539 - A resolution designating May 24, 2010, as "Prescription Drug Disposal Awareness Day"." 111th US Congress (2009-2010), http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-sr539/news_blogs?sort=toprated; http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi? dbname=111_cong_bills&docid=f:sr539ats.txt.pdf.

Cassel S. 2008, "PSI Pharmaceuticals Initiative - Prospectus." Product Stewardship Institute, Inc., Boston, MA, 3 pp; available: www.productstewardship.us. Cassel S. "Groups Call on Pharmaceutical Companies to Collect and Dispose of Unused Medicines - DEA Take-back Day Highlights Need for Sustainable Programs." Product Stewardship Institute, Inc., Boston, MA, 27 October, 2011, 2 pp; available: http://www.takebackyourmeds.org/news-andresources/news-media/groups-call-on-pharmaceutical-companies-to-collect-and-dispose-of-unused-medicines-dea-take-back-day-highlights-needfor-sustainable-programs. Cassel S. 2012, "Leading Organizations Applaud First-in-Nation Local Ordinance to Make Drug Industry Pay to Safely Collect Medicines." Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. (PSI), Boston, MA, 3 pp; http://latest.prnewswire.com/article/0cTd3LTd1y7F7?q=Nestle. Cassidy N, Lee SKK, Donegan CF, and Tracey JA. "Poisoning in Older Adults: the Experience of the National Poisons Information Centre." Irish Medical Journal 2008, 101(9):168-170; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19051613. Cassidy S and Henry J. "Fatal toxicity of antidepressant drugs in overdose." British Medical Journal 1987, 295(6605):1021-1024; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.295.6605.1021. Castegnaro M, Adams J, Annour MA, Barek J, Benvenuto J, Confalonieri C, et al. "Laboratory decontamination and destruction of carcinogens in laboratory wastes: some antineoplastic agents." International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, IARC Scientific Publications No. 73, 1985, 1985/01/01 Edition, 1-162 pp; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3015793; http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/113409377/abstract. Castegnaro M, De Meo M, Laget M, Michelon J, Garren L, Sportouch MH, et al. "Chemical degradation of wastes of antineoplastic agents. 2: Six anthracyclines: idarubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, pirarubicin, aclarubicin, and daunorubicin." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 1997, 70(6):378-384; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9439983. Castensson S. "Pharmaceutical Waste." in Pharmaceuticals in the Environment - Sources, fate, effects and risks, 3rd edition; Kummerer K, Ed., Springer; Berlin, Germany, 2008, Chapter 31, pp 489-499; doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74664-5_31; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74664-5_31. Castensson S. "Pharmaceutical waste stream measurements as an avenue to sustainable pharmacy." 2009 International Symposium on Pharmaceuticals in the Home and Environment, Northport, ME, Apoteket AB, 18-20 October, 2009, 18 pp; http://www.mainebenzo.org/documents/Castensson_Pharmaceuticalwastestreammeasurements.pdf. Castensson S and Ekedahl A. "Pharmaceutical Waste: the Patient Role." in Green and Sustainable Pharmacy, Kuö mmerer K and Hempel M, Eds., SpringerVerlag; Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2010, Chapter 12, pp 179-200; doi:10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_12; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-051999_12. Catalano G, Cooper DS, Catalano MC, and Butera AS. "Olanzapine Overdose in an 18-Month-Old Child." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 1999, 9(4):267-271; http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.1999.9.267. Caucci S, Karkman A, Cacace D, Rybicki M, Timpel P, Voolaid V, et al. "Seasonality of antibiotic prescriptions for outpatients and resistance genes in sewers and wastewater treatment plant outflow." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 2016, 92(5):fw060; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiw060. Cavender RK and Fairall M. "Precocious Puberty Secondary to Topical Testosterone Transfer: A Case Report." The Journal of Sexual Medicine 2011, 8(2):622-626; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.02082.x. Caverly MW. "DEA Letter on take-back disposal programs." US Department of Justice, Washington, DC, 2008. 2 pp; http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/DEA_Take-Back_Letter.pdf. Caverly MW. "Drug Enforcement Administration: an Update." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration, Office of Diversion Control, Washington, DC, 20-23 October, 2009, 58 pp; available: http://www.nascsa.org/Conference2009/Presentations/caverly.pdf. CBS News. 2014, "Drugs can affect men and women differently: Differences between sexes are more pervasive than previously thought; scientists call for a re-examination of medical research, including drug dosages, based on sex." CBSNews.com, New York, NY, 5 pp; http://www.cbsnews.com/news/drugs-can-affect-men-and-women-differently/. CCCSWA "Pharmaceutical Recycling." Web Page maintained by Central Contra Costa Solid Waste Authority (CCCSWA), Walnut Creek, CA, 2010, http://www.wastediversion.org/app_pages/view/219. CCCSWA "Medications Disposal: Have You Checked Your Medicine Cabinet Lately?" Web Page maintained by Central Contra Costa Solid Waste Authority (CCCSWA), Walnut Creek, CA, 2010, http://www.wastediversion.org/app_pages/view/222. CCE. "Analysis of Existing Drug Disposal Plans at Health Care Facilities in Suffolk County, NY." Citizens Campaign for the Environment (CCE), New York, 2013, 8 pp; available: http://www.citizenscampaign.org/PDFs/CCE%20Suffolk%20County%20Drug%20Disposal%20Report%200313.pdf. CDC. "Guidelines for Protecting the Safety and Health of Health Care Workers." US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Washington, DC, September, 1988, 549 pp; available: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/88-119/. CDC. "Nonfatal, unintentional medication exposures among young children--United States, 2001-2003." Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2006, 55(1):1-5; http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5501a1.htm. CDC "Get Smart: Know When Antibiotics Work." Web Page maintained by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 2011, http://www.cdc.gov/getsmart/index.html.

CDC "PROTECT Initiative: Up and Away and out of Sight." Web Page maintained by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 2012, http://www.upandaway.org/. CDC "The PROTECT Initiative: Advancing Children’s Medication Safety." Web Page maintained by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 2012, http://www.cdc.gov/MedicationSafety/protect/protect_Initiative.html. CDC. 2013, "Policy Impact: Prescription Painkiller Overdoses: What's the Issue?" Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 9 pp; http://www.cdc.gov/homeandrecreationalsafety/rxbrief/. CDC "Prevent Unintentional Poisoning." Web Page maintained by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 2014, http://www.cdc.gov/Features/PoisonPrevention/. CDC. "CDC: 1 in 3 antibiotic prescriptions unnecessary. New CDC data show large percentage of antibiotics misused in outpatient settings." 2016, 3 pp; http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/p0503-unnecessary-prescriptions.html. Ceaser S and Wurtz R. "“Leftover” Antibiotics in the Medicine Cabinet." Annals of Internal Medicine 2000, 133(1):74; http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/00034819-133-1-200007040-00017. CEI. "Pharmaceutical Pollution Prevention: Documents recent work to identify and disseminate best management practices to prevent over-dispensing of medicines in the Greater Rochester Area." Center for Environmental Information, Rochester, NY, July, 2011, 6 pp; available: http://www.ceinfo.org/resources/PharmaPollutionPreventionReport.pdf. Çelik E, Şencan MN, and Clark MP. "Factors affecting rational drug use (RDU), compliance and wastage." Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2013, 10(1):151-170; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286015572_Factors_affecting_rational_drug_use_RDU_compliance_and_wastage. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. "Medicare Program; Changes to the Medicare Advantage and the Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit Programs for Contract Year 2013 and Other Changes; Final Rule." Federal Register 2012, 77(71):22072-22175; http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/search/pagedetails.action?granuleId=2012-8071&packageId=FR-2012-04-12&acCode=FR; http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-04-12/pdf/2012-8071.pdf. CESAR "Current Substance Abuse Legislation." Center for Substance Abuse Research 2008; http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/library/statutes.asp. Ceschi A, Hofer K, Rauber-Luö thy C, and Kupferschmidt H. "Paracetamol orodispersible tablets: a risk for severe poisoning in children?" European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2011, 67(1):97-99; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-010-0943-x. Champ M, O'Connor T, and Park P. "Ocean Dumping of Municipal and Industrial Wastes in the United States: an Analysis of Environmental Effects." Oceans 1981, 13:720; http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1981.1151507. Chan TY. "Potential dangers from topical preparations containing methyl salicylate." Human & Experimental Toxicology 1996, 15(9):747-750; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719601500905. Chan YC, Chan CK, Ng CH, Ng SH, Lau KK, and Tse ML. "Hong Kong Poison Information Centre: Annual report 2016." Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017, 24(5):244-254; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024907917724730. Chapman AI. "Pharmaceutical Reverse Distributor Survey, Final Report." Local Hazardous Waste Management Program in King County, Seattle, WA, SQG-PHARM-2(12/03), December, 2003, 65 pp; available: www.govlink.org/hazwaste/publications/ReverseDistributorSurvey.pdf. Chapman M, Dyous C, Edgerton J, Francis K, Hunt D, Jalbert S, et al. "Research on Illegal Prescription Drug Market Interventions." Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), Bethesda, MD, 1 April, 2015, 51 pp; available: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/248905.pdf. Charoenchokthavee W, Lertwattanachai T, Rodhedbhai W, and Kobwanthanakun S. "Analysis and Management of Unused Medications Problem in Urban Living Area." Vajira Medical Journal (วชิร เวช สาร) 2013, 57(3):147-160. Chartier Y, Emmanuel J, Pieper U, Pruö ss-Uston A, Rushbrook P, Stringer R, et al., Eds., "Safe management of wastes from health-care activities." 2nd Edition Edition, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland, 2013, 328 pp; http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/medicalwaste/wastemanag/en/. Chatsantiprapa K, Chokkanapitak J, and Pinpradit N. "Host and environment factors for exposure to poisons: a case-control study of preschool children in Thailand." Injury Prevention 2001, 7(3):214-217; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.7.3.214. Cheema N. "A Fellow’s Perspective on the Threatened Closure of the Illinois Poison Center." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2014, 10(3):251-253; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13181-014-0407-2. Chen Z, Park G, Herckes P, and Westerhoff P. "Physicochemical treatment of three chemotherapy drugs: irinotecan, tamoxifen, and cyclophosphamide." Journal of Advanced Oxidation Technologies 2008, 11(2):254-260; https://doi.org/10.1515/jaots-2008-0209. Cheng R, Samples C, Ho C, and Lee C. "Medication incidents related to the use of fentanyl transdermal systems: An international aggregate analysis." International Medication Safety Network (IMSN), October, 2009, 53 pp; available: http://www.intmedsafe.net/ArticleFiles/FentanylPatchesReport.pdf. Cheraghali F and Taymori M. "Epidemiological study of drug intoxication in children." Acta Medica Iranica 2005, 44(1):37-40; http://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3135.

Chernove A, Shelton DM, and Cohen C. "Data Mining Bans and Restrictions." Sheppard, Mullin, Richter & Hampton LLP, 25 June, 2009, 2 pp; available: http://www.martindale.com/information-services/article_Sheppard-Mullin-Richter-Hampton-LLP_729638.htm. Cherrie JW, Gillies AT, Sleeuwenhoek A, van Tongeren M, McDonnell P, Coggins M, et al. "Modelling exposure to pharmaceutical agents." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2009, 151(1):1-6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/151/1/012063. Chesser M. "Staff Report: Accuracy of Discard Dates on Prescription Drugs." Virginia Joint Commission on Health Care, Richmond, VA, 13 June, 2007, 7 pp; available: http://jchc.virginia.gov/Presentations/June13presentations/Presentation%20in%20PDF%20format/8.%20prescription%20color.pdf. Chien C, Marriott JL, and Ozanne-Smith J. "Unintentional ingestion of over the counter medications in children less than 5 years." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 2003, 39(4):264-269; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1754.2003.00148.x. Chien H-Y, Ko J-J, Chen Y-C, Weng S-H, Yang W-C, Chang Y-C, et al. "Study of Medication Waste in Taiwan." Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine 2013, 5(2):69-72; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecm.2013.02.003. Chimonas S and Kassirer JP. "No More Free Drug Samples?" PLoS Medicine 2009, 6(5):e1000074 1000071-1000074; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1000074. Chon S. 2008, "Acute ingestion of unknown drugs." The NY State Prison Centers Toxicology Letter, State University of New York, Upstate Medicial University, July, 1-5 pp; http://www.upstate.edu/poison/pdf/tox_newsletter/07_08toxnews.pdf. CHPA. "Safe Drug Disposal." Consumer Healthcare Products Association, Washington, DC, 2009, available: http://www.chpainfo.org/governmentaffairs/Safe_Drug_Disposal.aspx. CHPA. "Ingredients & Dosages Transferred from Rx-to-OTC Status (or New OTC Approvals) by the Food and Drug Administration Since 1975." Consumer Healthcare Products Association, Washington, DC, 2 December, 2009, 4 pp; available: http://www.chpa-info.org/media/resources/r_4620.pdf; http://www.chpa-info.org/scienceregulatory/Switch_Process.aspx. CHPA. "Ingredients & Dosages Transferred from Rx-to-OTC Status (or New OTC Approvals) by the Food and Drug Administration Since 1975." Consumer Healthcare Products Association, Washington, DC, 30 August, 2016, 5 pp; available: http://www.chpa.org/SwitchList.aspx. Christensen AP, Boegevig S, Christensen MB, Petersen KM, Dalhoff KP, and Petersen TS. "Overdoses with Aripiprazole: Signs, Symptoms and Outcome in 239 Exposures Reported to the Danish Poison Information Centre." Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology 2017, In press; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12902. Christensen DB, Fassett WE, Zoloth A, and Hauser SR. "Initial Studies of Pharmaceutical Returns." Journal of Pharmaceutical Marketing and Management 1992, 7(2):47-63; http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J058v07n02_05. Christenson T. "Fish on morphine: Protecting Wisconsin's natural resources through a comprehensive plan for proper disposal of pharmaceuticals." Wisconsin Law Review 2008, 1:141-179; http://wisconsinlawreview.org/volume-2008-no-1/. Chung N-Y, Batra R, Itzkevitch M, Boruchov D, and Baldauf M. "Severe Methemoglobinemia Linked to Gel-Type Topical Benzocaine Use: A Case Report." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2010, 38(5):601-606; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.06.025. Cimons M. "Scientists Study Gender Gap in Drug Responses." 1999, Los Angeles Times, 6 June A-1,A-8-A-9 pp; http://articles.latimes.com/1999/jun/06/news/mn-44740. Ciplet D. "An industry blowing smoke: 10 Reasons Why Gasification, Pyrolysis & Plasma Incineration Are Not “Green Solutions”." gaia Global AntiIncinerator Alliance, June, 2009, 40 pp; available: http://www.bredl.org/pdf2/StopIncinerationBlowingSmoke.pdf. Citizens Campaign for the Environment. "Memorandum of Support (A.10274/Maisel - S.7998/Stavisky): Requires drug manufacturers to collect unused and expired drugs from hospitals and residential health care facilities for safe disposal." Citizens Campaign for the Environment, Farmingdale, NY, 14 June, 2010, 2 pp; available: http://www.citizenscampaign.com/PDFs/Memorandum%20of%20Support%20pharma%20dispose%20bill%20FINAL %20version.pdf. Citizens Campaign for the Environment (CCE) "Pharmaceutical disposal." Web Page maintained by Citizens Campaign for the Environment (CCE), Hamden, CT, 2011, http://www.citizenscampaign.org/campaigns/pharmaceutical-disposal.asp. City Council of the City of Santa Cruz. 2016, "An ordinance of the City Council of the City of Santa Cruz adding Chapter 6.93 to Title 6 the Santa Cruz Municipal Code requiring the safe disposal of drugs and sharps." City of Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, Ordinance No. 2016-09, 20 pp; http://www.cityofsantacruz.com/home/showdocument?id=53808. City of Fort Collins "Pharmaceutical Waste Disposal Guidance." Web Page maintained by City of Fort Collins, Fort Collins, CO, 2010, http://www.fcgov.com/wastewater/pharmaceutical.php. City of Santa Cruz. 2016, "Santa Cruz Becomes First U.S. City to Require Drug Manufacturers and Retailers to Collect and Dispose of Unwanted Prescription Drugs." Santa Cruz City Hall, Santa Cruz, CA, 11 August, 2 pp; http://www.cityofsantacruz.com/Home/Components/News/News/3243/36? City of Torrance Public Works. 2016, "Los Angeles County Medicines & Sharps Disposal Consumer Survey." Recycle Torrance, City of Torrance, Torrance, CA, 2 pp; http://recycletorrance.org/medicine-and-sharp-disposal-consumer-survey/.

CIWMB. "Criteria and Procedures for Model Home-Generated Pharmaceutical Waste Collection and Disposal Programs." California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB), Sacramento, CA, 2010, 15 pp; available: http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/HomeHazWaste/Medications/ModelProgram/Criteria.pdf. Clack V. "The safe disposal of medicines – What is happening in South African Hospitals?" SA Pharmaceutical Journal 2009:40-41; http://www.sapj.co.za/index.php/SAPJ/article/view/621. Clark J, Summerton L, Smith E, Kampa E, Vidaurre R, and Touraud E. "Discussion Document on Eco-pharmacostewardship." KNAPPE: Knowledge and Need Assessment on Pharmaceutical Products in Environmental Waters, 2008, 59 pp; available: http://www.knappe-eu.org/fichiers/47D5.1%20Ecopharmacostewardship%20disc%20doc.pdf. Clark JH, Breeden SW, and Summerton L. "Green(er) Pharmacy." in Green and Sustainable Pharmacy, Kuö mmerer K and Hempel M, Eds., Springer-Verlag; Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2010, Chapter 4, pp 37-59; doi:10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_4. Clark RA. "MSDS Requirements for Drugs." US Department of Labor, Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), Office of Health Compliance Assistance, Washington, DC, 1993. 3 pp; https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=INTERPRETATIONS&p_id=21231. Clark County Water Reclamation District. 2007, "Pain in the Drain: Medicine Disposal Program." Clark County Water Reclamation District, Las Vegas, NV, 5 pp; http://www.paininthedrain.com/; http://www.paininthedrain.com/disposal.aspx. Clarke AG. "Fifty Years of Penicillin." British Medical Journal 1979, July 14:134; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.6182.134-c. Claxton AJ, Cramer J, and Pierce C. "A systematic review of the associations between dose regimens and medication compliance." Clinical Therapeutics 2001, 23(8):1296-1310; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0149-2918(01)80109-0; http://med-in-touch.com/images/Claxton__Clinical_Trials_w_electronic_monitoring.pdf. Clews D, Hartzig V, Langley C, Marriott JF, and Wilson K. "Polypharmacy and Asynchronous Prescribing in Elderly Patients within Primary Care." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2001, 9(S1):R77; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7174.2001.tb01137.x. CMMS. 2010, "Medicare Program; Proposed Changes to the Medicare Advantage and the Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit Programs for Contract Year 2012 and Other Proposed Changes. Appropriate Dispensing of Prescription Drugs in Long-Term Care Facilities under PDPs and MA-PD Plans (§423.154)." Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMMS), Department of Health and Human Services, Proposed Rule §423.154, 347 pp; http://www.ofr.gov/OFRUpload/OFRData/2010-28774_PI.pdf. Coambs RB, Jensen PJ, Her MH, Ferguson BS, Jarry JL, Wong JSW, et al. "Review of the scientific literature on the prevalence, consequences, and health costs of noncompliance & inappropriate use of prescription medication in Canada." The Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association of Canada (University of Toronto Press), Ottawa,Ontario, Canada, 1995, 159 pp. Coben J, H., Davis S, M., Furbee P, M., Sikora R, D., Tillotson R, D., and Bossarte R, M. "Hospitalizations for Poisoning by Prescription Opioids, Sedatives, and Tranquilizers." American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2010, 38(5):517-524; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2010.01.022. Cobos Cobos FE. "Disenã o de un Programa de Recoleccioé n de Medicamentos no Utilizados y Caducados de los Hogares en la Zona Urbana de Cuenca." Bachelor Dissertation, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador, 2016. 94 pp; http://dspace.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/25715. Cockburn J and Pit S. "Prescribing behaviour in clinical practice: patients' expectations and doctors' perceptions of patients' expectations--a questionnaire study." British Medical Journal 1997, 315(7107):520-523; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7107.520. Coffey KC. "Is There a Role for Expired Medications in Developing Countries?" Clinical Pediatrics 2013, 52(1):7-9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922812448956. Coghlan A. "Sawdust, coffee and dirt - Just about anything can end up in medicines commonly sold to the world's poorest people. How many more will die before proper controls are put in place?" New Scientist 1997, March(2075):16-17. Cohen AL, Budnitz DS, Weidenbach KN, Jernigan DB, Schroeder TJ, Shehab N, et al. "National Surveillance of Emergency Department Visits for Outpatient Adverse Drug Events in Children and Adolescents." The Journal of Pediatrics 2008, 152(3):416-421; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.07.041. Cohen G. "First, do no harm." Designing the 21st Century Hospital: Environmental Leadership for Healthier Patients and Facilities, September, 2006, http://www.premierinc.com/quality-safety/tools-services/safety/topics/construction/downloads/designing-21st-century-hospital-2006.pdf. Cohen I, Rogers P, Burke V, and Beilin LJ. "Predictors of medication use, compliance and symptoms of hypotension in a community-based sample of elderly men and women." Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 1998, 23(6):423-432; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2710.1998.00183.x. Cohen J, "Medications side effects: Potent drugs at potent doses cause an epidemic of avoidable side effects." Life Extension, March, 2003, March 46-68 pp; http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2003/mar2003_cover_effects_01.html. Cohen JS. "Why Aren't Lower, Effective, OTC Doses Available Earlier by Prescription?" Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2003, 37(1):136-142; http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1A487. Cohen K, Sanyal N, and Reed G. "Methamphetamine Production on Public Lands: Threats and Responses." Society and Natural Resources 2007, 20(3):261-270; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920601117371.

Cohen LP. "Safe and Effective: Many Medicines Prove Potent for Years past Their Expiration Dates --- Since 1985, FDA Has Tested Military Drug Stockpile to Extend Shelf Lives --- What the Dates Really Mean." The Wall Street Journal, 2000, Dow Jones & Company, Inc., 28 March 8 pp; http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2001/02/07/drug-expiration-part-two.aspx. Cohen M. 2012, "Mom hopes son’s overdose spurs prevention efforts." Philly.com, Interstate General Media, LLC, 3 pp; http://www.philly.com/philly/health/147754845.html. Cohen R. 2012, "California county wants drug makers to pay for pill disposal." Reuters, Thomson Reuters, Oakland, CA, 11 July, 1 pp; http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/11/us-usa-california-drugs-idUSBRE86A1CX20120711. Cohen S. "Drug donations to Sudan." The Lancet 1990, 336(8717):745-745; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(90)92233-8. Cohen V, Jellinek SP, Teperikidis L, Berkovits E, and Goldman WM. "Room-temperature storage of medications labeled for refrigeration." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2007, 64(16):1711-1715; http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp060262. Colberg S. 2011, "Oklahoma agency hopes drop boxes will provide safe prescription drug disposal." NewsOK, NewsOK.com, Oklahoma City, OK, 9 February, 2 pp; http://newsok.com/oklahoma-agency-hopes-drop-boxes-will-provide-safe-prescription-drug-disposal/article/3539251#. Collins FS and Varmus H. "A New Initiative on Precision Medicine." New England Journal of Medicine 2015, 372:793-795; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1500523. Collins M and Johnston A. "Project Medicollect: an analysis of the drugs collected." Australian Prescriber 1992, 15:341-344. Collins S, Blumenthal, Boxer, Manchin, Murkowski, and Boozman. 2013, "S.1089 -- Service members and Veterans Prescription Drug Safety Act of 2013 (Introduced in Senate - IS)." S.1089, 113th Congress, 1st Session, 5 pp; https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/113/s1089. Colorito R, "Stop! Don't Flush. The right way to toss those meds." The Costco Connection, Costco.com, June, 2014, 41-42 pp; http://www.costcoconnection.com/connection/201406?pg=45#pg44. Coma A, Modamio P, Lastra CF, Bouvy ML, and Marino EL. "Returned medicines in community pharmacies of Barcelona, Spain." Pharmacy World and Science 2007, 30:272-277; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-007-9177-0. Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP). "Guideline on the environmental risk assessment of medicinal products for human use." European Medicines Agency, London, 1 June, 2006, 12 pp; available: http://www.emea.europa.eu/pdfs/human/swp/444700en.pdf. Committee on Human Services and Rural Health Policy. 2009, "A Bill for an Act Relating to pharmaceutical take-back programs; appropriating money; and declaring an emergency." Senate Bill 598, 7th Oregon Legislative Assembly, 7 pp; http://landru.leg.state.or.us/09reg/measures/sb0500.dir/sb0598.intro.html. Community Medical Foundation for Patient Safety. "Unused and Expired Medicines Registry (UEMR)." Community Medical Foundation for Patient Safety, Bellaire, Texas, Year Unknown, 2 pp; available: http://www.communityofcompetence.com/UEM1.pdf. Compton B and Thatcher A. "Increasing responsible donations of medical surplus." 7th International Conference on Appropriate Healthcare Technologies for Developing Countries, London, UK, 18-19 September, 2012, 55 pp; http://digitallibrary.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2012.1473; http://www.theiet.org/events/2012/digests/aht/5-5-0039.cfm. Connecticut DEEP "Pharmaceutical Universal Waste Stakeholders Group: Information and Meeting Schedule." Web Page maintained by Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP), Hartford, CT, 2014, http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp? a=2718&q=535950&deepNav_GID=1967. Connolly GN, Richter P, Aleguas A, Pechacek TF, Stanfill SB, and Alpert HR. "Unintentional Child Poisonings Through Ingestion of Conventional and Novel Tobacco Products." Pediatrics 2010, 125(5):896-899; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2009-2835. Connor A, Lillywhite R, and Cooke MW. "The carbon footprint of a renal service in the United Kingdom." QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 2010, 103(12):965-975; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcq150. Connor T, Anderson R, Sessink P, Broadfield L, and Power L. "Surface contamination with antineoplastic agents in six cancer treatment centers in Canada and the United States." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 1999, 56(14):1427-1432; http://www.ajhp.org/cgi/content/abstract/56/14/1427. Connor TH. 2011, "Hazardous Drugs in Healthcare: Occupational Risk of Antineoplastic Drugs." Medscape, 3 pp; http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/738076; http://cc.bingj.com/cache.aspx?q=Hazardous+Drugs+in+Healthcare %3a+Hazardous+Drugs+in+Healthcare&d=4883911683543104&mkt=en-US&setlang=en-US&w=Gq0OWWZGEWis8mBg6B4jEp3Hf8xjjyMx. Connor TH, DeBord DG, Pretty JR, Oliver MS, Roth TS, Lees PSJ, et al. "Evaluation of Antineoplastic Drug Exposure of Health Care Workers at Three University-Based US Cancer Centers." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010, 52(10):1019-1027; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181f72b63. Connor TH, Lawson CC, Polovich M, and McDiarmid MA. "Reproductive Health Risks Associated with Occupational Exposures to Antineoplastic Drugs in Health Care Settings: A Review of the Evidence." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2014, 56(9):901-910; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4569003/; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000249.

Connor TH, MacKenzie BA, DeBord DG, Trout DB, and O’Callaghan JP. "NIOSH List of Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs in Healthcare Settings, 2014." Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, OH, September, 2014, 34 pp; available: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2014-138/; http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2014-138/pdfs/2014-138.pdf. Connor TH, MacKenzie BA, DeBord DG, Trout DB, and O'Callaghan JP. "NIOSH List of Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs in Healthcare Settings, 2016." Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH), Cincinnati, OH, 2016-161 (Supersedes 2014-138), September, 2016, 34 pp; available: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/antineoplastic/pdf/hazardous-drugs-list_2016-161.pdf. Connor TH and McDiarmid MA. "Preventing Occupational Exposures to Antineoplastic Drugs in Health Care Settings." CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 2006, 56(6):354-365; http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/canjclin.56.6.354. Connor TH, Shults M, and Fraser MP. "Determination of the vaporization of solutions of mutagenic antineoplastic agents at 23 and 37°C using a desiccator technique." Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2000, 470(1):85-92; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S13835718(00)00105-4. Conroy S, Collier J, Birchiey N, Neil K, Rodgers S, Mcintyre J, et al. "An examination of the risk management issues in the handling at home of over-thecounter medicines purchased for children." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2003, 271(7262):209-213; http://cat.inist.fr/? aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=15046021. Conventry Teaching PCT. "Prescribing waste." Coventry Teaching Primary Care Trust (PCT), Conventry, UK, 23 January, 2007, 13 pp; available: http://www.coventrypct.nhs.uk/documents/general/2007121152449_prescribing_waste.pdf. Cook H. "Why so many drugs go to waste." Pharmacy in Practice 1996, 6(8):268-270. Cook J. "Initial Prescription Limits (Phase III)." Providers MC, Ed., 25 September, 2009, 1 pp; available: http://www.maine.gov/dhhs/oms/index.shtml. Cook RC. 2010, "Waste Industry Asks Appeals Court to Vacate EPA's 2009 Medical Incinerator Standards." Bureau of National Affairs (BNA), Daily Environment Report, Rockville, MD, 2 pp; http://news.bna.com/deln/DELNWB/split_display.adp? fedfid=18473105&vname=dennotallissues&fn=18473105&jd=a0c5e0g3x1&split=0. Cook S and Skertos S. "Environmental Emissions from the Disposal of Unused Medications." 2012, http://unusedmeddisposallca.blogspot.com/. Cook SM. "Sustainable Wastewater Management: Modeling and Decision Strategies for Unused Medications and Wastewater Solids." Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 2014. 145 pp; http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/109006/cooksm_1.pdf. Cook SM, Love NG, and Skerlos SJ. "Response to "Comment on 'Life Cycle Comparison of Environmental Emissions from Three Disposal Options for Unused Pharmaceutical'"." Environmental Science & Technology 2012, 46(15):8521-8522; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es302534a. Cook SM, VanDuinen BJ, Love NG, and Skerlos SJ. "Life Cycle Comparison of Environmental Emissions from Three Disposal Options for Unused Pharmaceutical." Environmental Science & Technology 2012, 46(10):5535-5541; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es203987b. Cooke CL. "Returned Medicines: Patients do not want returned medicines." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2004, 273(7320):515; http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/pj-online-pj-letters-returned-medicines/20013037.article#2. Cooney S. 2010, "Contamination from Pharmaceutical Disposal: Who Should Pay?" Triple Pundit.com, San Francisco, CA, 3 pp; http://www.triplepundit.com/2010/12/contamination-pharmaceutical-disposal-pay/. Copper C, Hanna S, Batni R, Bhattacharyya T, and Shull B. "EPA Inaction in Identifying Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals May Result in Unsafe Disposal." US EPA, Office of Inspector General, Report No. 12-P-0508, 25 May, 2012, 35 pp; available: http://www.epa.gov/office-inspector-general/report-epainaction-identifying-hazardous-waste-pharmaceuticals-may-result; http://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-10/documents/20120525-12-p0508.pdf. Cormican S, Furey M, Vellinga A, and Cormican M. "Public Awareness regarding the Safe Disposal of Unwanted Medicines in Galway City." NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland, 2011, 1 pp; available: http://www.nuigalway.ie/health_from_environment/downloads/disposal_unwanted_medicines_study_2011.pdf. Corneli HM, Banner WW, Vernon DD, and Swenson PH. "Toddler eats clonidine patch and nearly quits smoking for life." Journal of the American Medical Association 1989, 261(1):42; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1989.03420010052017. Corson AS. "Applicability of 261.33 to discarded products." RCRA Online # 11012, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 1981. 4 pp; http://yosemite.epa.gov/osw/rcra.nsf/0c994248c239947e85256d090071175f/b630cd51dc85edc58525670f006bce84!OpenDocument. Cortinovis C, Pizzo F, and Caloni F. "Poisoning of dogs and cats by drugs intended for human use." The Veterinary Journal 2015, 203(1):52-58; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.11.004. Coster JM. 2010, "NCPA Comments to CMS regarding 2011 Medicare Part D Draft Call Letter." National Community Pharmacists Association (NCPA), Alexandria, VA, 5 March, 6 pp; http://www.ncpanet.org/pdf/leg/cmscallletter.pdf. Cotter P, "Drug Takeback Programs – National Day Planned." NAAGazette, National Association of Attorneys General, 2010, 3 pp; http://www.naag.org/drug-takeback-programs-national-day-planned.php.

Cottle LM, Baker LA, Pipkin JL, and Parker D. "Sodium Pentobarbital Residues in Compost Piles Containing Carcasses of Euthanized Equines." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 2009, 29(5):415-416; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2009.04.113. Couch J and West C. "Health Hazard Evaluation Report: Chemotherapy Drug Exposures at an Oncology Clinic – Florida." HETA 2009-0148-3158, Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2012. 36 pp; http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/reports/pdfs/2009-0148-3158.pdf. County of Santa Clara. 2016, "Safe Medication Disposal." County of Santa Clara, Santa Clara, CA, 1 August, 2 pp; https://www.sccgov.org/sites/rwr/Pages/safemeds.aspx. Couper FJ, Chopra K, and Pierre-Louis MLY. "Fatal methadone intoxication in an infant." Forensic Science International 2005, 153(1):71-73; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.04.014. Courtney B, Easton J, Inglesby TV, and SooHoo C. "Maximizing state and local medical countermeasure stockpile investments through the Shelf-Life Extension Program." Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science 2009, 7(1):101-107; http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/bsp.2009.0011. Covanta "Community Health & Safety: Prescription for Safety Program (Rx4Safety)." Web Page maintained by Covanta, Morristown, NJ, 2015, http://www.covanta.com/en/about-covanta/community-engagement/rx4-safety.aspx. Covanta Energy. 2010, "Covanta Offers Free, Safe Destruction of Residents' Unwanted Drugs: Program Aims to Protect Nation's Waterways from Pharmaceutical Contamination." PRNewswire, Farfield, NJ, 25 March, http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/covanta-offers-free-safedestruction-of-residents-unwanted-drugs-89144047.html. Cox L. 2010, "Where Should the Unused Meds Go? Politicians Want to Give Unused Drugs to Charity, but Much of it Gets Flushed." ABC News Medical Unit, 24 February, 3 pp; http://abcnews.go.com/Health/WellnessNews/politicians-battle-unused-medicine/story?id=9915299. CPSC. 2010, "Why are we concerned about pharmaceutical waste?" California Product Stewardship Council (CPSC), Sacramento, CA, 5 pp; http://www.calpsc.org/products/pharma.html. CPSC. "Re: Docket No. DEA-316, Proposed Rulemaking for the Disposal of Controlled Substances." California Product Stewardship Council (CPSC), Sacramento, CA, 2013, 4 pp; available: http://www.calpsc.org/admin-document-upload/doc_download/563-cpsc-letter-on-dea-rule-2-15-13. CPSC. 2014, "SB 1014 (Jackson) Home-Generated Pharmaceutical Waste Collection and Disposal Act." California Product Stewardship Council, Sacramento, CA, 15 pp; http://calpsc.org/policy-and-legislation/2014-legislation; http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/13-14/bill/sen/sb_10011050/sb_1014_bill_20140401_amended_sen_v98.pdf; http://calpsc.org/admin-document-upload/doc_download/1467-sb-1014-model-support-letter; http://calpsc.org/admin-document-upload/doc_download/1445-sb-1014-press-release; http://calpsc.org/admin-documentupload/doc_download/1443-sb-1014-fact-sheet; http://calpsc.org/admin-document-upload/doc_download/1470-sb-1014-list-of-supporters. CPSC. 2014, "Pharmaceuticals: The Problem and the Solution - Extended Producer Responsibility." California Product Stewardship Council (CPSC), Sacramento, CA, 8 pp; http://calpsc.org/products/pharmaceuticals/. CPSC. "Report on Options for Managing Home Generated Medications in San Joaquin County." California Product Stewardship Council (CPSC), Sacramento, CA, 29 January, 2016, 104 pp; available: http://calpsc.org/mobius/cpsc-content/uploads/2016/01/CPSC-Report-Managing-HomeGenerated-Medications-in-SJ-County-Web.pdf. CPSC. "Fact Sheet on How to Draft Pharmaceutical Stewardship Ordinances." California Product Stewardship Council (CPSC), Sacramento, CA, Year Unknown (2013-2014), available: http://www.calpsc.org/admin-document-upload/doc_download/1573-how-to-draft-pharma-epr-ordinance-factsheet. Craig JO. "Poisons Children Swallow." British Medical Journal 1955, 2(4954):1496-1498; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1981388/. Craig JO and Fraser MS. "Accidental Poisoning in Childhood." Archives of Disease in Childhood 1953, 28(140):259-267; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1988698/. Craig M, Grant L, and Ryan M. "Disposal of Unwanted Medicinal Products (DUMP) Campaign and Audit." Argyll and Clyde NHS Board & Lomond and Argyll Primary Care NHS Trust, Paisley, Scotland, February, 2001, 9 pp; available: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi? artid=1314647. Cressey D. "Say hello to intelligent pills: Digital system tracks patients from the inside out." Nature 2012, January; doi:10.1038/nature.2012.9823. Criddle LM. "An overview of pediatric poisonings." AACN Advanced Critical Care 2007, 18(2):109-118; http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/15597768-20072003. Crimmins WF. "Disposing of Expired Drugs: a Matter of Policy." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2001, 218(1):10; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11149706. Crittenden J and Gressitt S. "Prescription Drug Return and Disposal Programming as a Vehicle for Older Adult Civic Engagement." 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the Gerontological Society of America, Atlanta, GA, US Environmental Protection Agency, 21 November, 2009, 20 pp; http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/presentations/2009_1127_gsam_mailback_civic_engag.pdf.

Crittenden JA, Kaye LW, Charland J, and Gressitt S. "Implementing a consumer pharmaceutical mailback program: an analysis of the first year of the Safe Medicine Disposal for ME Program." 61st Annual Scientific Meeting of the Gerontological Society of America, National Harbor, MD, 24 November, 2008, http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/presentations/2008_1201_gsa_symposium.pdf. Cromarty E and Downie G. "Drug wastage — what is acceptable?" The Pharmaceutical Journal 2001, 267(7167):424; http://www.pharmaceuticaljournal.com/pj-online-broad-spectrum/20005063.article. Crome P. "The toxicity of drugs used for suicide." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1993, 87(S371):33-37; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.16000447.1993.tb05371.x. Crumplin G. "Returned Medicines: Only improperly packaged medicines will be compromised." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2004, 273:515; http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/pj-online-pj-letters-returned-medicines/20013037.article. Crumplin G and Wingfield J. "When is quality and safety assured?" The Pharmaceutical Journal 2004, 273(7317):378. Crumplin GC. "Waste medicines v unwanted medicines - incineration or altruism?" The Pharmaceutical Journal 2000, 264(7089):467; http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/waste-medicines-v-unwanted-medicines-incineration-or-altruism/20000921.article. CSC "Findings of Fact: Chemo Drug Dangers." Web Page maintained by Cytotoxic Safety Council (CSC), Middletown, RI, 2015, http://www.cytotoxicsafety.org/cytotoxic-chemicals-findings-fact/. CSHP. "Guidelines for Handling and Disposal of Hazardous Pharmaceuticals (Including Cytotoxic Drugs)." Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists (CSHP), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, January, 1991, 31-42 pp; available: http://www.cshp.ca/productsServices/officialPublications/type_e.asp. CSTeditorials. 2016, "Drug companies should help dispose of unneeded medicines." Chicago Sun Times, Chicago, IL, 17 March, 3 pp; http://chicago.suntimes.com/opinion/drug-companies-should-help-dispose-of-unneeded-medicines/. Cubbage RC, Hamly RB, and Swartz TC. "Transdermal patch disposal system and method." Patent Application: 1998, http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/5804215.html. Cudney SA and Hunter MM. "Danger! Grandparents' drugs may be lethal to children." Geriatric Nursing 1992, 13(4):222-224; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0197-4572(05)80404-5. Cue B and Manley J. "A Greener Prescription." The Chemical Engineer 2007, 795:52-54; http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=19046736. Cue BW. "Can Drug Delivery Be a Solution to the Pharmaceuticals in the Environment Problem?" 2007 Northeast Water Science Forum, Portland, ME, 9 August, 2007, http://www.neiwpcc.org/ppcpconference/ppcp-docs/BerkleyCue.pdf. Cue BW, Berridge JC, and Manley JB. "PAT and Green Chemistry: The Intersection of Benign by Design and Quality by Design." Pharmaceutical Engineering 2009, 29(2):10-20; http://honors490-2014-penner.wikispaces.umb.edu/file/view/PAT_final_print_ISPE_March_April_2009.pdf. Cue BW and Zhang J. "Green Process Chemistry in the Pharmaceutical Industry." Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews 2009, 2(4):193-211; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17518250903258150. Cuevas G. "From Therapeutic Drugs to Toxic Contaminants: Pharmaceutical Pollution in the Water and Strategies to Regulate Its Impact." Columbia Journal of Environmental Law 2011, February; http://www.columbiaenvironmentallaw.org/articles/from-therapeutic-drugs-to-toxic-contaminantspharmaceutical-pollution-in-the-water-and-strategies-to-regulate-its-impact. Cuitinã o A. "Pharmaceutical Manufacturing for Reduced Environmental Impact." IIT MMAE Symposium on Sustainability and Product Development, Ilinois Institute of Technology, Ilinois, 2008; http://mmae.iit.edu/symposium/downloads/pres/Cuitino.pdf. Cunnington J. "Waste responsibility: or wasted opportunity?" Journal of Perioperative Practice 2006, 16(10):476-480; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17069395. Currie R and Pust R. "Pragmatic Principles of Pharmaceutical Donation." American Medical Association Journal of Ethics 2006, 8(12):801-807; http://virtualmentor.ama-assn.org/2006/12/ccas1-0612.html. Curtis LA, Dolan TS, and Seibert HE. "Are one or two dangerous? Lidocaine and topical anesthetic exposures in children." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2009, 37(1):32-39; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.11.005. Cutler DM and Everett W. "Thinking outside the Pillbox — Medication Adherence as a Priority for Health Care Reform." New England Journal of Medicine 2010, 362(17):1553-1555; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1002305. Cutrona S, L., Woolhandler S, Lasser KE, Bor DH, McCormick D, and Himmelstein DU. ""Free" prescription drug samples are not free [Cutrona et al. Respond to Vincent and Steinke]." American Journal of Public Health 2008, 98(8):1349; http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2008.138990. Cutrona SL, Woolhandler S, Lasser KE, Bor DH, McCormick D, and Himmelstein DU. "Characteristics of Recipients of Free Prescription Drug Samples: A Nationally Representative Analysis." American Journal of Public Health 2008, 98(2):284-289; http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2007.114249. CVS/pharmacy. 2013, "CVS Caremark Offers Advice on Proper Management, Storage and Disposal of Medications in Light of New Study on Teen Abuse of Prescription Drugs." CVS Health, 26 April, 4 pp; http://www.cvshealth.com/content/cvs-caremark-offers-advice-proper-management-storage-anddisposal-medications-light-new.

CVS/pharmacy. 2014, "CVS/pharmacy to Support Safer Communities through Donation of Drug Collection Units to Police Departments Nationwide." CVS Health, 24 April, 5 pp; http://www.cvshealth.com/content/cvspharmacy-support-safer-communities-through-donation-drug-collection-unitspolice. Cyclamed "Cyclamed, un geste naturel! Vous proteé gez l'environment et eé vitez las accidents domestiques." Web Page maintained by Cyclamed, BoulogneBillancourt, France, 2008, http://www.cyclamed.org/. Cyr L, Douglas T, and Frissell M. "Pharmaceutical Residues in the Water." University of Vermont, Vermont Legislation Research Shop, Burlington, Vermont, 12 February, 2009, 6 pp; available: http://www.uvm.edu/~vlrs/Environment/pharmaceuticalresidues.pdf. da Graca Martinho M and Martins dos Santos J. "<> Disposal of Residential Pharmaceutical Waste: An Initial Survey on Attitudes, Behaviors and Risk Perception in Portugal." 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan, China, 10-12 May, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2011.5781493. Da Silva CE, Hoppe AE, Ravanello MM, and Mello N. "Medical wastes management in the south of Brazil." Waste Management 2005, 25(6):600-605; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2004.03.002. Dalal P. "Proposal of multi-hazardous wastes for on-site disambiguation management in Ujjain, India ." International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology 2017, 8(3):29-35; http://www.ijabpt.com/pdf/8005-Dr.%20Parag %20Dalal.pdf. Dale SM. 2010, "Reducing Medicines Waste." NHS North Yorkshire, York Primary Care Trust, North Yorkshire, UK, available: http://www.nyypct.nhs.uk/stayinghealthy/docs/PHAnnualConf_2009/poster_A1_medwaste_new.pdf. Dang C and Huynh T. "Antibiotic stewardship: Perspective on clinical decision-making." Drug Topics 2011, 155(4):42-44; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Modern+Medicine+Now/Antibiotic-stewardship-Perspective-on-clinicaldec/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/716716?contextCategoryId=40130. Daniel L, et al., and The Ad-Hoc Pharmaceuticals Committee. "Comments on Criteria and Procedures for Model Home-Generated Pharmaceutical Waste Collection and Disposal Programs." 2008, 3 pp; http://www.calpsc.org/policies/docs/thru2008/2008-11-21_Ad%20Hoc%20Committee %20Comments%20on%20SB966.pdf. Daniszewsi R, C.A. L, Marriott JF, Wilson KA, Clewes P, and Wilkinson M. "An investigation of medicines returned to general practitioners and community pharmacies." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2002, 10(Suppl):R42; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7174.2002.tb00645.x. Darracott R and Johnstone R. "Improving the use of medicines for better outcomes and reduced waste: An action plan." Steering Group to Improve the Use of Medicines, October, 2012, 40 pp; available: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/212837/Improving-the-use-of-medicines-for-better-outcomes-andreduced-waste-An-action-plan.pdf. Darracq MA and Daubert GP. "A cyanotic toddler." Pediatric Emergency Care 2007, 23(3):195-199; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e3180330a2c. Darracq MA, Toy JM, Chen T, Mo C, and Cantrell FL. "A retrospective review of isolated gliptin-exposure cases reported to a state poison control system*." Clinical Toxicology 2014, 52(3):226-230; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2014.889302. Dart RC, Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR, Seifert SA, Heard SE, et al. "Poisoning in the United States: 2012 Emergency Medicine Report of the National Poison Data System." Annals of Emergency Medicine 2015, 65(4):416-422; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.11.001. Dart RC, Paul IM, Bond GR, Winston DC, Manoguerra AS, Palmer RB, et al. "Pediatric Fatalities Associated with Over the Counter (Nonprescription) Cough and Cold Medications." Annals of Emergency Medicine 2009, 53(4):411-417; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.09.015. Dasarwar N, Shanbag P, and Kumbhare N. "Baclofen intoxication after accidental ingestion in a 3-year-old child." Indian Journal of Pharmacology 2009, 41(2):89-90; https://dx.doi.org/10.4103%2F0253-7613.51349. Dasgupta N, Mandl KD, and Brownstein JS. "Breaking the News or Fueling the Epidemic? Temporal Association between News Media Report Volume and Opioid-Related Mortality." PloS One 2009, 4(11):e7758; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0007758. Dassatti EE. "Letter introducing New York DEC initiative to reduce presence of pharmaceuticals in New York State’s waters." New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Division of Solid & Hazardous Materials, Albany, NY, 4 June, 2010, 5 pp; available: http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/water_pdf/pharmguid.pdf. Daughton C. 2014, "Reducing childhood morbidity and mortality from exposure to waste pharmaceuticals." GreenSpark, USEPA, 28 October, 2 pp; https://dcaoeso1.epa.gov/IdeaJam/Aimhighchemicals.nsf/0/08AC57DDB53E0A6385257D7F00614DE8?OpenDocument. Daughton CG. "Illicit drugs in municipal sewage: Proposed new non-intrusive tool to heighten public awareness of societal use of illicit/abused drugs and their potential for ecological consequence." in Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment: Scientific and Regulatory Issues, Daughton CG and Jones-Lepp T, Eds., American Chemical Society; Washington, DC, 2001, Chapter 20, pp 348-364; doi:10.1021/bk-2001-0791.ch020; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2001-0791.ch020.

Daughton CG. "Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment: Overarching issues and overview." in Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment: Scientific and Regulatory Issues, Daughton CG and Jones-Lepp TL, Eds., American Chemical Society; Washington, DC, 2001, Chapter 1, pp 2-38; doi:10.1021/bk-2001-0791.ch001; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2001-0791.ch001. Daughton CG. "Pollution from Personal Actions, Activities, and Behaviors: Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment (Multidimensional Science Issues Relevant to Regulatory Considerations), Environment 2001: Water, Energy and the Law." Pharmaceutical Discharges and Drinking Water, The Tulane Institute for Environmental Law and Policy, New Orleans, Louisiana, 9 March 2001; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-US1yeWZhb0xzbTQ/view. Daughton CG. "Pollution from Personal Actions, Activities, and Behaviors: Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment (Multidimensional Science Issues Relevant to Regulatory Considerations)." Environment 2001: Water, Energy and the Law; session "Pharmaceutical Discharges and Drinking Water", New Orleans, Louisiana, The Tulane Institute for Environmental Law and Policy, Tulane Law School, 9 March, 2001, https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-US1yeWZhb0xzbTQ/view. Daughton CG. "Environmental stewardship and drugs as pollutants." The Lancet 2002, 360(9339):1035-1036; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S01406736(02)11176-7. Daughton CG. "Chemicals from Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products." in Water: Science and Issues, Dasch EJ, Ed., Macmillan Reference USA; New York, NY, 2003, Volume 1, pp 158-164; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-a1dvbVFGYS1IOW8/view. Daughton CG. "Environmental Stewardship of Pharmaceuticals: the Green Pharmacy." National Ground Water Association (NGWA ), 3rd International Conference on Pharmaceuticals and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Water, Minneapolis, MN, 19-21 March, 2003, 11 pp; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-M2V2X3RVaFd2TzA/view; http://www.bioud.com/Documents/ngwa2003.pdf. Daughton CG. "Cradle-to-cradle stewardship of drugs for minimizing their environmental disposition while promoting human health. I. Rationale for and avenues toward a green pharmacy." Environmental Health Perspectives 2003, 111(5):757-774; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.5947. Daughton CG. "Cradle-to-cradle stewardship of drugs for minimizing their environmental disposition while promoting human health. II. Drug disposal, waste reduction, and future directions." Environmental Health Perspectives 2003, 111(5):775-785; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.5948. Daughton CG. "PPCPs in the environment: Future research - beginning with the end always in mind." in Pharmaceuticals in the environment - Sources, fate, effects and risks, 2nd edition; Kuö mmerer K, Ed., Springer; Berlin, Germany, 2004, Chapter 33, pp 463-496; doi:10.1007/978-3-662-09259-0_33; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09259-0_33. Daughton CG. "Overview of Science Involved with Pharmaceuticals." Workshop on Pharmaceuticals in the Environment, Las Vegas, NV, US Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Research and Office of Research and Development (National Exposure Research Laboratory), 23-25 August, 2005, 59 pp; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-SGtjM09KLWJBamM/view. Daughton CG. "The Environmental Life Cycle of Pharmaceuticals [illustration published in: Daughton, C.G. "Pharmaceuticals as Environmental Pollutants: the Ramifications for Human Exposure," In: International Encyclopedia of Public Health, Kris Heggenhougen and Stella Quah (Eds.), Vol. 5, San Diego: Academic Press; 2008, pp. 66-102]." Published Illustration, USEPA, Las Vegas, NV, December 2006; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-WXkxTzlnYUtncVE/view. Daughton CG. "Pharmaceuticals in the environment: sources and their management." in Analysis, Fate and Removal of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle, Petrovicé M and Barceloé D, Eds., Elsevier Science; Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2007, Volume 50, Chapter 1, pp 1-58; doi:10.1016/S0166526X(07)50001-2; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-526X(07)50001-2. Daughton CG. "Pharmaceuticals as environmental pollutants: the ramifications for human exposure." in International Encyclopedia of Public Health, Heggenhougen K and Quah S, Eds., Academic Press; Oxford, England, 2008, Volume 5, pp 66-102; doi:10.1016/B978-012373960-5.00403-2; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-012373960-5.00403-2. Daughton CG. "Drug Usage and Disposal: Overview of Environmental Stewardship and Pollution Prevention (with an emphasis on activities in the Federal Government)." US EPA, Office of Research and Development, Environmental Sciences Division, Las Vegas, Nevada, prepared for Research Triangle Environmental Health Collaborative - Health Summit, "Pharmaceuticals in Water: What We Know, Don't Know, and Should Do," 10-11 November 2008 North Carolina Biotechnology Center, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 15 October, 2008, 24 pp; available: http://environmentalhealthcollaborative.org/summit/presentations-and-materials/; http://environmentalhealthcollaborative.org/images/ChristianDaughtonAbstract.pdf; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2aEtjbkRYSnd1Q1U/view?usp=sharing. Daughton CG. "Drug Usage and Disposal: Overview of Environmental Stewardship and Pollution Prevention." invited overview for Research Triangle Environmental Health Collaborative - Health Summit, "Pharmaceuticals in Water: What We Know, Don't Know, and Should Do," 10-11 November 2008 North Carolina Biotechnology Center, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 2008; http://environmentalhealthcollaborative.org/summit/presentations-and-materials/; http://environmentalhealthcollaborative.org/images/ChristianDaughtonPresentation.pdf. Daughton CG. "Illicit Drugs and the Environment [illustration published in: Daughton CG "Illicit Drugs: Contaminants in the Environment and Utility in Forensic Epidemiology," Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2011,210-59-110 doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7615-4_3]." Illustration, USEPA, Las Vegas, NV, 7 December 2009 (rev 17 June 2010) 2009. Daughton CG. "Drugs and the Environment: Stewardship & Sustainability." National Exposure Research Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, US EPA, Las Vegas, NV, 12 September, 2010, 196 pp; available: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-NWxuMnlhWFpxbmM/view; http://nepis.epa.gov/Adobe/PDF/P1008L3M.pdf.

Daughton CG. "Pharmaceuticals and Sustainability." invited presentation for Ecopharmacovigilance for a Healthy Future, under the Distinguished Patronage of the Honorable Minister of Environment, Science and Technology, Ghana; workshop during ISoP (International Society of Pharmacovigilance) 10th Annual Meeting, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra (Ghana), 4 November 2010; http://www.isop2010.org/. Daughton CG. "Comment on "Life Cycle Comparison of Environmental Emissions from Three Disposal Options for Unused Pharmaceutical"." Environmental Science & Technology 2012, 46(15):8519-8520; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es301975v. Daughton CG. "Government perspective in response to: What can be done to address emerging environmental contaminants having indeterminate or subtle ecological or human impacts?" Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 2016, 35(2):266-268; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.3210. Daughton CG and Ruhoy IS. 2007, "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment - - Why Should Anyone Care?" KNAPPE Newsletter, KNAPPE: Knowledge and Need Assessment on Pharmaceutical Products in Environmental Waters, October, 6 pp; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303242167_Pharmaceuticals_in_the_environment_-_why_should_we_care. Daughton CG and Ruhoy IS. "Accumulation and disposal of leftover medications: A key aspect of pharmEcovigilance." in An Introduction to Environmental Pharmacology, Rahman SZ, Shahid M and Gupta V, Eds., Ibn Sina Academy; Aligarh, India, 2008, Chapter 5, pp 101-107; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-Y2J5Y08xQ2FIelU/view. Daughton CG and Ruhoy IS. "The afterlife of drugs and the role of pharmEcovigilance." Drug Safety 2008, 31(12):1069-1082; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/0002018-200831120-00004. Daughton CG and Ruhoy IS. "PharmEcovigilance: Aligning Pharmacovigilance with Environmental Protection." in An Introduction to Environmental Pharmacology, Rahman SZ, Shahid M and Gupta V, Eds., Ibn Sina Academy; Aligarh, India, 2008, Chapter 1 (Introductory Overview), pp 21-34; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-TjBYM0NmcWFSa2c/view. Daughton CG and Ruhoy IS. "Environmental footprint of pharmaceuticals: The significance of factors beyond direct excretion to sewers." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 2009, 28(12):2495-2521; http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/08-382.1. Daughton CG and Ruhoy IS. "Pharmaceuticals and Sustainability: Concerns and Opportunities regarding Human Health and the Environment." in A Healthy Future- Pharmaceuticals in a Sustainable Society, collaborative publication of Apoteket AB, MistraPharma, and Stockholm County Council; Stockholm, Sweden, 2009, Chapter 1, pp 14-39; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-Zkx3MFhZcWd3N28/view. Daughton CG and Ruhoy IS. "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment - Why Should We Care?" in Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Current Knowledge and Need Assessment to Reduce Presence and Impact, Roig B, Ed., IWA Publishing; London, UK, 2010, Chapter Foreword, pp xiii-xvii; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-eVgtZ3BTWkhGWVE/view; http://www.iwapublishing.com/books/9781843393146/pharmaceuticals-environment. Daughton CG and Ruhoy IS. "Reducing the Ecological Footprint of Pharmaceutical Usage: Linkages between Healthcare Practices and the Environment." in Green and Sustainable Pharmacy, Kuö mmerer K and Hempel M, Eds., Springer-Verlag; Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2010, Chapter 6, pp 77-102; doi:10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-642-05199-9_6. Daughton CG and Ruhoy IS. "Green Pharmacy and PharmEcovigilance: Prescribing and the Planet." Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology 2011, 4(2):211-232; http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/ecp.11.6. Daughton CG and Ruhoy IS. "Lower-dose prescribing: Minimizing “side effects” of pharmaceuticals on society and the environment." Science of the Total Environment 2013, 443:324-337; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.10.092. Daughton CG and Scuderi MST. "Drug Disposal and Environmental Stewardship: Relevant Literature." U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (a comprehensive bibliographic database of literature references compiled and maintained by CG Daughton and MST Scuderi; first implemented 20 May 2010), Las Vegas, Nevada, 5 November, 2016, available: see the "Drug Disposal" file at: https://sites.google.com/site/daughton/PPCPsbibliographic_database. Daughton CG and Ternes TA. "Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment: Agents of subtle change?" Environmental Health Perspectives 1999, 107(suppl 6):907-938; http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3434573. David B, Carwardine E, and Longmore RBea. "Some results of a campaign for the collection of unused medications in Perth [note: citation could not be verified]." Australian Journal of Pharmacy 1979, 60:350-353. Davidson AW. "The Disposal of Pharmaceutical Waste." Perspectives in Public Health 1989, 109(3):110-111; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146642408910900313. Davis JE. "Are one or two dangerous? Methyl salicylate exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2007, 32(1):63-69; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2006.08.009. Davis JH and Hunt HH. "Accidental benadryl poisoning: Report of a fatal case." The Journal of Pediatrics 1949, 34(3):358-361; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(49)80094-1. Dawling S, Flanagan RJ, and Widdop B. "Fatal Lignocaine Poisoning: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature." Human & Experimental Toxicology 1989, 8(5):389-392; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718900800512.

DAWN "Drug Abuse Warning Network." Web Page maintained by Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Rockville, MD, 2010, http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/97. Day M. "Out of the Water, out of Harms Way: Healthcare Industry Embraces Innovations for Keeping Pharmaceuticals out of the Water." Medical Waste Management 2008, 4(4):1,3,6. Day S. "Composition for disposing of unused medicines." Patent Application: 2011, 4 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7918776.html. Dayan PS, Litovitz TL, Crouch BI, Scalzo AJ, and Klein BL. "Fatal Accidental Dibucaine Poisoning in Children." Annals of Emergency Medicine 1996, 28(4):442-445; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(96)70013-6. Dayom DW, Enato EFP, Mantim N, and Dangiwa DA. "Expired and leftover medicines in the home: Potentials for accidental drug poisoning in children." International Journal of Pharmacy & Therapeutics 2014, 5(4):283-288; http://www.ijptjournal.com/File_Folder/283-288(ijpt).pdf. DBU. "3rd International Conference on Sustainable Pharmacy - Refine, Reduce, Replace." Osnabruö ck, Germany, Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt (DBU), 19-20 November, 2012, 2 pp; http://www.dbu.de/550artikel32761_135.html. DCR. "Unused & Expired Pharmaceuticals: Reduce water pollution and promote a healthy environment by properly disposing of unneeded or expired medications." The Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR), West Boylston, MA, 2012, 2 pp. De Bolle L, Mehuys E, Adriaens E, Remon J-P, Van Bortel L, and Christiaens T. "Home Medication Cabinets and Self-Medication: A Source of Potential Health Threats?" Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2008, 42(4):572-579; http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1K533. De Bolle L, Verrue C, Mehuys E, Adriaens E, Remon JP, Van Bortel L, et al. "Pharmacie familiale et automedication: pas d'inquietude pour l'instant? [Home medication cabinets and self-medication: a source of potential health threats]." Journal de Pharmacie de Belgique 2009, (1):1-4; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19391434; http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=21296183. De Filippis P, de Caprariis B, Scarsella M, and Verdone N. "Energy recovery from unused and expired medicines." in Waste Management and the Environment VI, Popov V, Itoh H and Brebbia CA, Eds., WIT Press; Ashurst, Southampton, UK, 2012, Volume 163, pp 125-132; doi:10:2495/WMI120121; http://www.witpress.com/elibrary/wit-transactions-on-ecology-and-the-environment/163/23690; http://www.witpress.com/978-1-84564-6066.html; https://www.witpress.com/Secure/elibrary/papers/WM12/WM12012FU1.pdf. De Groote A. "Les medicaments non utilises et les pays en developpement: la realite du terrain [Unwanted pharmaceuticals and developing countries: what is actually happening, out in the field]." Cahiers Santé 2005, 15(2):125-127; http://www.john-libbey-eurotext.fr/fr/revues/sante_pub/san/edocs/00/04/0F/F0/article.md?type=text.html. De Gunzburg J and Bensoussan C. "Methods for the inactivation of antibiotics." Patent Application: 2012, 35 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP2407433.html. de Knecht J, Bouchard T, Brooks BW, Crane M, Eirkson C, Gerould S, et al. "Environmental risk assessment and management of veterinary medicines." in Veterinary Medicines in the Environment, Crane M, Boxall ABA and Barrett K, Eds., CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group; Boca Raton, FL, 2008, Chapter 3, pp 21-55; doi:10.1201/9781420084771.ch2; http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420084771.ch3. De Mello E. "Dangerous Traces of Prescribed Medication in our Water System: True or yet Another Rumor?" The Akasha Center for Integrative Medicine, Santa Monica, CA, Year Unknown, 4 pp; available: http://www.akashacente.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/edisonoct.pdf. de Paiva OJM. "Estudo ecotoxicoloé gico de medicamentos e outros quíémicos de farmaé cias." Masters Dissertation, Universidade de Aveiro, Departamento de Biologia, Aveiro, Portugal, 2009. 68 pp; http://ria.ua.pt/handle/10773/8837. de Ronde W. "Hyperandrogenism after transfer of topical testosterone gel: case report and review of published and unpublished studies." Human Reproduction 2009, 24(2):425-428; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/den372. de Wit T and Bisseru T. "Accidental podophyllin poisoning in a 3-year-old child." South African Journal of Child Health 2015, 9(2):63-64; http://dx.doi.org/10.7196%2FSAJCH.865. DEA. "Preventing the accumulation of surplus controlled substances at long term care facilities." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration, Springfield, VA, 2005. 7 pp; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/fed_regs/rules/2005/fr0513.htm. DEA. 2005, "Definition and Registration of Reverse Distributors." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administraiton, Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, FR 41222, Title 21, CFR Parts 1300, 1301, 1304, 1305, and 1307, 8 pp; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/fed_regs/rules/2005/fr0502.htm. DEA. "End User Drug Disposal Conference." Portland, OR, organized by the Drug Enforcement Administration, Seattle Field Division, Portland District Office, 25-26 April, 2006, https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-QzJGdm1tVmdCLXM/view. DEA "General Questions & Answers: Can an individual return their controlled substance prescription medication to a pharmacy?" Web Page maintained by US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 2008, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/faq/general.htm#pre_med. DEA. 2008, "Title 21 United States Code (USC) Controlled Substances Act." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/21usc/index.html.

DEA. "Disposal of Controlled Substances by Persons Not Registered with the Drug Enforcement Administration." Drug Enforcement Administration, Federal Register, Docket No DEA-316A, US Department of Justice, Springfield, VA, 2008. 3480-3487 pp; http://www.thefederalregister.com/d.p/200901-21-E9-1056; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/fed_regs/rules/2009/fr0121.htm. DEA. "Disposal of Controlled Substances by Persons Not Registered with the Drug Enforcement Administration [Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking]." Federal Register 2009, 74(12):3480-3487; http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2009/pdf/E9-1056.pdf. DEA. "Thousands of New Jersey Residents Prescribe to Operation Medicine Cabinet: Over 9,000 Pounds of Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medicine Collected during First in the Nation Day of Disposal." DEA press release, 2009, US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), 18 November 3 pp; http://www.justice.gov/dea/pubs/states/newsrel/2009/nwk111809.html#list. DEA. "Implementation of the Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act of 2008." Federal Register 2009, 74(64):15596-15625; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/fed_regs/rules/2009/fr0406.pdf. DEA. "Press release: DEA Heads First-ever Nationwide Prescription Drug Take-back Day." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Springfield, VA, 2010. http://www.justice.gov/dea/pubs/pressrel/pr081910.html. DEA. 2010, "Photos from DEA Prescription Drug Take-Back Day." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Springfield, VA, 29 September, 16 pp; http://www.justice.gov/dea/pubs/pressrel/pr092910_take-back-photos.pdf; http://www.justice.gov/dea/pubs/pressrel/pr092910.html. DEA. "Procedures for the Surrender of Unwanted Controlled Substances by Ultimate Users; Notice of Meeting." Federal Register 2010, 75(245):8053680538; http://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/12/22/2010-32104/procedures-for-the-surrender-of-unwanted-controlled-substances-byultimate-users-notice-of-meeting; http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-12-22/pdf/2010-32104.pdf. DEA. 2010, "American Public Overwhelmingly Responds to DEA Prescription Drug Take-Back Effort." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 5 October, http://www.nationaltakebackday.com/. DEA. "American Public Overwhelmingly Responds to DEA Prescription Drug Take-Back Effort." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 5 October, 2010, 2 pp; available: http://www.nationaltakebackday.com/toolbox/documents/TakeBackRelease%20Update.docx. DEA "National Take-Back Initiative." Web Page maintained by US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 2011, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/takeback/. DEA "National Take Back Initiative." Web Page maintained by US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 2011, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/takeback/index.html. DEA "Public meeting on drug disposal." Web Page maintained by US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 2011, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/non_registrant/meeting_010511.htm. DEA "Got Drugs?" Web Page maintained by US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 2011, http://www.justice.gov/dea/index.htm. DEA "National Take Back Initiative Collection Site Search: The 2nd National Prescription Drug Take Back Day." Web Page maintained by US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 2011, http://www.justice.gov/dea/index.htm (Use this link and Click left of "Got Drugs?"). DEA "National Take Back Initiative: Another Huge Turnout at DEA’s National Prescription Drug Take-Back Event." Web Page maintained by US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 2011, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/takeback/index.html. DEA. "DEA’s Third National Prescription Drug Take-Back Event Collects 188.5 Tons." 202-307-7977, US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 2011. 1 pp; http://www.justice.gov/dea/pubs/pressrel/pr110311.html. DEA. 2011, "Disposal of Controlled Substances (proposed rule to implement the Secure and Responsible Drug Disposal Act of 2010)." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Springfield, VA, 1117-AB18, http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule? pubId=201110&RIN=1117-AB18. DEA. "Fourth National Prescription Drug Take-Back Event Collects Record 276 Tons." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Springfield, VA, 3 May, 2012, 1 pp; available: http://www.justice.gov/dea/pubs/pressrel/pr050312p.html. DEA. "DEA’s Fifth National Prescription Drug Take-Back Day Results in Another Big Haul." U.S. Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Springfield, VA, 4 October, 2012, 2 pp; available: http://www.justice.gov/dea/docs/results_final.pdf. DEA. "Disposal of Controlled Substances." Federal Register 2012, 77(246):75783-75817; http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-12-21/pdf/201230699.pdf. DEA. "Department of Justice (DOJ) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA): Final Rule Stage. 347. Disposal of Controlled Substances." Federal Register 2014, 79(4):1182; http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2014-01-07/pdf/2013-29635.pdf; http://www.regulations.gov/#! docketBrowser;rpp=25;po=0;D=DEA-2012-0008.

DEA. "Disposal Regulations: Registrant Fact Sheet." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), Springfield, VA, 2014. 3 pp; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/fact_sheets/disposal_registrant.pdf. DEA. "Disposal Act: General Public Fact Sheet." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), Springfield, VA, 2014. 4 pp; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/fact_sheets/disposal_public.pdf. DEA. "Disposal Act: Long-Term Care Facility Fact Sheet." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), Springfield, VA, 2014. 2 pp; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/fact_sheets/disposal_ltcf.pdf. DEA. "Disposal of Controlled Substances 21 CFR Parts 1300, 1301, 1304, 1305, 1307, and 1317." Federal Register 2014, 79(174):53520-53570; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/fed_regs/rules/2014/2014-20926.pdf. DEA "Title 21 Code of Federal Regulations: PART 1317 — DISPOSAL." Web Page maintained by US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 2015, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/cfr/2117cfrt.htm. DEA "National Take-Back Initiative. Got Drugs? - National Prescription Drug Take-Back Day." Web Page maintained by US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, 2015, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/takeback/index.html. DEA "DEA’s Prescription Drug Take-Back Effort-- A Big Success." Web Page maintained by US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Springfield, VA, 2015, https://www.dea.gov/divisions/hq/2015/hq100115.shtml. DEA. "DEA Collects Record-Setting Amount of Meds at Latest National Rx Take-Back Day " US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), Springfield, VA, 6 May, 2016, 1 pp; available: http://www.dea.gov/divisions/hq/2016/hq050616.shtml. DEA. 2017, "DEA Collects Record-Setting Amount of Meds at Latest National Rx Take-Back Day." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), Washington, DC, 6 May, 1 pp; https://www.dea.gov/divisions/hq/2016/hq050616.shtml. DEA. "Drug Disposal: The DEA Perspective." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, VA, Year Unknown, 9 pp; available: http://projectdrugdrop.org/wp-content/uploads/Documents/drug_disposal_dea.pdf. DEA and USEPA. "Guidelines for law enforcement for the cleanup of clandestine drug laboratories." Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Washington, DC, 2005. 122 pp; http://www.justice.gov/dea/resources/redbook.pdf. DEA, USEPA, and US Coast Guard. "Guidelines for the cleanup of clandestine drug laboratories." The Joint Federal Task Force of the Drug Enforcement Administration, the US Environmental Protection Agency, and the US Coast Guard, EPA540P90005, Drug Enforcement Administration, US Environmental Protection Agency, and US Coast Guard, Washington, DC, 1990. 42 pp; http://www.popcenter.org/problems/meth_labs/PDFs/DEA_Guidelines_2005.pdf. Deamant CD and Nathan S. "Fast Fact #286: Medication Disposal." Center to Advance Palliative Care (CAPC), New York, NY, January, 2015, 3 pp; available: https://www.capc.org/fast-facts/286-286-medication-disposal/. DeBenedette V. "Is mail-order pharmacy waste rampant?" Drug Topics 2011, November(11); http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Modern+Medicine+Now/Is-mail-order-pharmacy-wasterampant/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/748878. DeBenedette V. "Get ready for the new USP hazardous medications standards." Drug Topics 2017, 20 January; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drug-topics/news/get-ready-new-usp-hazardous-medications-standards?GUID=984970B3-F8FB-4A019AE9-B54CAF67435C&rememberme=1&ts=31012017. Deffner J and Goö tz K. "Handlungsoptionen fuö r einen umweltfreundlicheren Umgang mit Arzneimitteln [Options for action of a more environmentally acceptable use and handling of pharmaceuticals]." Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung 2008, 20(4):238-248; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12302-008-0013-5. Degremont Technologies "Thermylis® HTFB Thermal Oxidation." Web Page maintained by Degreé mont Technologies Ktd, 2011, http://www.degremont-technologies.com/dgtech.php?article404&gclid=CPC0_ZvM8qECFUcA4wodm1Munw. Dehlinger AM and Becker W. "Pharmacy Waste Identification Labeling and Disposal System and Related Method of Using." Patent Application: 2012, 11 pp; http://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/WO2011035277. Del Pizzo J, Fernandez EK, Kopec KT, Wenger J, Noyes EM, Salzman M, et al. "Seizures After Pediatric Vilazodone Ingestion: A Case Series." Pediatric Emergency Care 2017, In press; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pec.0000000000001174. Delbanco T, Walker J, Darer JD, Elmore JG, Feldman HJ, Leveille SG, et al. "Open Notes: Doctors and Patients Signing On." Annals of Internal Medicine 2010, 153(2):121-125; http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-2-201007200-00008. Delgado OB, Ojeda-Benitez S, and Marquez-Benavides L. "Comparative analysis of hazardous household waste in two Mexican regions." Waste Management 2007, 27(6):792-801; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.03.022. Deliganis CV and Calandrillo SP. "Syringes in the Sea: Why Federal Regulation of Medical Waste is Long Overdue." Georgia Law Review 2006-2007, 41:169-227; http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/geolr41&div=12&g_sent=1&collection=journals.

Dellinger RW. "Environmental Protection Agency Comments in response to DEA's Federal Register Notice of December 22, 2010 (75 FR 80536)." Materials Recovery and Waste Management Division, Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2011. 5 pp. Dellinger RW. "EPA Comments on the Development of Safe and Effective Drug Collection and Disposal Methods." DEA Public Meeting, Mayflower Renaissance Hotel,, Washington, DC, US Environmental Protection Agency, 20 January, 2011, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/non_registrant/rdellinger.pdf. Demas A and Kolpin DW. "Technical Announcement: Pharmaceuticals and Other Chemicals Common in Landfill Waste." U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 2014, available: http://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=3968#.U-kfcdJdVPM. Denver J, Dick ME, Gervin L, Hughes S, McCumby Hyland K, Didriksen North K, et al. "Discussion Paper on Pharmaceutical Disposal to Sewer Systems." Emerging Contaminants Workgroup of the Santa Clara Basin Watershed Management Initiative, San Jose, CA, February, 2005, 18 pp; available: http://www.scbwmi.org/PDFs/WMI_Pharm_White_Paper_FinalMarch05.pdf. Denward Manufacturing Ltd "Drug Denaturing kits: DenKit - CD Destruction Kits." 2010, http://www.pharmacy-equipment.co.uk/dispensaryequipment/waste-management/denkit-drug-denaturing-kits. Department of Health and Families. "Waste Management." Northern Territory Govenment, Northern Territory, Australia, 2009, 4 pp; available: http://remotehealthatlas.nt.gov.au/waste_management.pdf. Department of Health and Human Services, "Preferred Drug List (PDL) News: Mainecare Initial 15 Day Supply." Pharmacy Benefit Update, Department of Health and Human Services, 2009, Fall/Winter Issue 5 pp; http://www.mainecarepdl.org/uploads/Fc/fi/FcfiTvBbGOnkAzU4YQeHEA/PHARMACYBENEFIT-UPDATE-Fall-Winter-2009.pdf. Department of Health Estates and Facilities Division. "Environment and sustainability - Health Technical Memorandum 07-06: Disposal of pharmaceutical waste in community pharmacies." The Stationary Office (TSO), Norwich, England, 12 October, 2007, 31 pp; available: http://www.nelm.nhs.uk/en/NeLM-Area/News/492891/492970/492984. Department of Veterans Affairs. "Consumer Medication Return Envelopes- Industry Conference Annoucement[sic]." FedBizOpps.gov, 15 January, 2013, 3 pp; available: https://www.fbo.gov/? s=opportunity&mode=form&id=aac3ada9e2bf8d6cd08e24f0695fbbe8&tab=core&_cview=0&utm_source=Copy+of+2012.12.20+-+PSI+News+Alert++DEA+Regulations&utm_campaign=News+Alert+-+DEA+Releases+Regs&utm_medium=email. Depledge M. "Pharmaceuticals: Reduce drug waste in the environment." Nature 2011, 478(7367):36; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/478036a. DEQ "Drug Disposal." Web Page maintained by Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), Lansing, MI, 2017, http://www.michigan.gov/deq/0,4561,7-135-3312_4118_74618---,00.html. Derai-Cochin M. "Field Study: Haiti." in An Assessment of U.S. Pharmaceutical Donations: Players, Processes, and Products, Reich MR, Ed., Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA, 1999, Chapter 7, pp 197-234; http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s20190en/s20190en.pdf. Dershewitz RA and Williamson JW. "Prevention of childhood household injuries: A controlled clinical trial." American Journal of Public Health 1977, 67(12):1148-1153; http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.67.12.1148. Deryck B and Heaton J. "Pharmaceutical drug disposal kit." Patent Application: 2014, 7 pp; https://www.google.com/patents/US8785712. Deslandes G, Bouquieé R, Boels D, Gregoire M, Grison-Hernando H, Azoulay C, et al. "Accidental poisoning with brimonidine eye drops in a 9-day-old infant." Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 2015, 27(1):14-17; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2014.11.004. Desojo AV, Calcenas A, Tobíéo PM, Etxebarríéa IR, and Gonzaé lez LC. "Virilization in a girl due to inadvertent contact with topical testosterone [Virilizacioé n en una ninã a por contacto inadvertido con testosterona toé pica]." Endocrinologia y nutricion [Endocrinology and Nutrition: organ of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition] 2007, 54(2):122-124; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1575-0922(07)71417-1. Dharmender G, Ashutosh G, Ansari NA, and Ahmed QS. "Patient's opinion and practice toward unused medication disposal: A qualitative study ." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Scientific Innovation 2013, 2(5):47-50; http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4572.02574. DHEC. "Proper Disposal of Unwanted Medicine." SC Department of Health and Environmental Control, Columbia, SC, 2010, 2 pp; available: http://www.scdhec.gov/administration/library/ML-025410.pdf. Dias R, Dave N, Tullu MS, and Deshmukh CT. "Local anaesthetic systemic toxicity following oral ingestion in a child: Revisiting dibucaine." Indian Journal of Anaesthesia 2017, 61(7):587-589; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5530745/. Dias-Ferreira C, Valente S, and Vaz J. "Practices of pharmaceutical waste generation and discarding in households across Portugal." Waste Management & Research 2016, 34(10):1006-1013; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x16639388. Diaz LF, Savage GM, and Eggerth LL. "Alternatives for the treatment and disposal of healthcare wastes in developing countries." Waste Management 2005, 25(6):626-637; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2005.01.005.

Dick Durbin United States Senator Illinois. "Durbin & Duckworth: Pharmaceutical Industry has a Responsibility in Curtailing Opioid Overdose Epidemic." 2016, 5 pp; http://www.durbin.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/durbin-and-duckworth-pharmaceutical-industry-has-aresponsibility-in-curtailing-opioid-overdose-epidemic. Dieng C, Mberu B, Dimbuene Z, Faye C, Amugsi D, and Aboderin I. "Biomedical waste management in Dakar: Legal framework, health and environment issues." African Population and Health Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya, 2016, 35 pp; available: http://www.urbanark.org/sites/default/files/resources/BMW%20Paper%20revised%20_Blessing.%20(1)%5B1%5D.pdf. DiJulio B, Firth J, and Brodie M. 2015, "Kaiser Health Tracking Poll: August 2015." The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, Kaiser Family Foundation, Menlo Park, CA, 20 August, 20 pp; http://kff.org/health-costs/poll-finding/kaiser-health-tracking-poll-august-2015/. Dillon P and Rubinstein L. "Managing Pharmaceutical Waste: Best Management Practices for Plastic Medication Containers from Consumers." Northeast Recycling Council, Inc. (NERC), Brattleboro, VT, November, 2005, 26 pp; available: http://www.nerc.org/documents/plastic_medication_container_bmp.pdf. DiMaio DJ and DiMaio T. "Fatal methadone poisoning in children: Report of four cases." Journal of Forensic Sciences 1973, 18(2):130-134; http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/JFS10021J. Dimino R, "New Yorkers: “Don’t Flush Your Drugs!”." NYS Department of Environmental Conservation, 2008, Fall http://nywea.org/clearwaters/08-3fall/06-Don%27tFlushDrugs.pdf; http://nywea.org/clearwaters/08-3-fall/. Dinan S. 2014, "Feds paid bill for HIV drugs even after Medicare patients died: audit." The Washington Times, 31 October, 1 pp; http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/oct/31/feds-paid-bill-hiv-drugs-even-after-medicare-patie/. Dinerstein P and Bennett K. "RE: Comments on Draft “Guidance Document: Best Management Practices for Unused Pharmaceuticals at Health Care Facilities” letter to Meghan Hessenauer, US EPA." PEER (Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility), Washington, DC, 8 November, 2010, 5 pp; available: http://www.peer.org/docs/epa/11_8_10_PEER_drug_disposal_comments.pdf. Dispensary of Hope "Dispensary of Hope." Web Page maintained by Saint Thomas Health Ventures, TN, 2009, http://dispensaryofhope.org/aboutus/what-weve-accomplished. Disposal Technologies "DrugDisposeAll: The Safer Way to Dispose of Drugs." Web Page maintained by Disposal Technologies, 2014, http://disposaltechnologies.com/. DisposeMyMEDS "Medication Safety." Web Page maintained by DisposeMyMeds.org, 2011, http://www.disposemymeds.org/; http://www.disposemymeds.org/index.php/pharmacy-locator. Dobis M, Cosler L, and Polimeni J. "A Cost-effectiveness Analysis of a Prescription and Over-the-counter Drug Take-back Program for New York State." 2007 Northeast Water Science Forum, Session 9 – Waste Management & Product Stewardship, New England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission, Lowell, MA, Portland, ME, Albany College of Pharmacy, 9 August, 2007, http://www.neiwpcc.org/ppcpconference/ppcpdocs/MichaelDobis.pdf. Dobransky M. 2011, "High School Students Help Pass Landmark Legislation: Illinois HB2056." Earth911.com, Earth911, New York, NY, 1 June, 2 pp; http://earth911.com/news/2011/06/01/high-school-students-help-pass-landmark-legislation/. DoctorSolve. 2010, "Drugs past Their Expiration Date; Are they Safe to use?" DoctorSolve Healthcare Solutions Inc, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada, 14 January, http://www.doctorsolve.com/blog/2010/01/drugs-past-their-expiration-date-are-they-safe-to-use.html. DoD "DoD/FDA Shelf-Life Extension Program (FDA - SLEP)." Web Page maintained by Department of Defense, 2007, http://www.astho.org/Programs/Preparedness/Public-Health-Emergency-Law/Emergency-Use-Authorization-Toolkit/Federal-Shelf-Life-ExtensionProgram-Fact-Sheet/. Doerr-MacEwen NA. "The Management of Human Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." Doctoral Dissertation, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, 2007. 267 pp; http://uwspace.uwaterloo.ca/bitstream/10012/2751/1/Nora%20PhD%20thesis.pdf. Doerr-MacEwen NA and Haight ME. "Expert Stakeholders’ Views on the Management of Human Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." Environmental Management 2006, 38(5):853-866; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-005-0306-z. Doheny K. 2011, "Childhood Poisoning by Medication on the Rise: Study Shows Increase in ER Visits Due to Poisoning from Medicines in Kids Age 5 and Under." WebMD, WebMD, LLC, 16 September, 2 pp; http://www.webmd.com/parenting/news/20110915/childhood-poisoning-by-medication-on-therise. Dohle S, Campbell VE, and Arvai J. "Consumer-perceived risks and choices about pharmaceuticals in the environment: a cross-sectional study." Environmental Health 2013, 12(1):45; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-12-45. Dokur M, Guö lmez GP, and Kuzudişli SU. "Clinical Findings of Emergence after Olanzapine Overdosage: Pediatric Case Report and Review of Literature [Olanzapin Aşírí Alímí Sonrasínda Ortaya Çíkan Klinik Bulgular: Çocuk Olgu Sunumu ve Literatuö ruö n Goö zden Geçirilmesi]." Journal of Academic Emergency Medicine Case Reports 2014, 5:100-106; http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/jaemcr.2014.30602. Dolan B. 2015, "How digital health tools figure into the White House’s Precision Medicine initiative." mobihealthnews, Chester Street Publishing, Inc., 2 February, 3 pp; http://mobihealthnews.com/40168/how-digital-health-tools-figure-into-the-white-houses-precision-medicine-initiative/.

Domino ME, Olinick J, Sleath B, Leinwand S, Byrns PJ, and Carey T. "Restricting patients' medication supply to one month: saving or wasting money?" American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2004, 61(13):1375-1379; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15287233. Donini-Lenhoff F. "Medicine Cabinet Crackdown: Teach Patients Proper Pill-Pitching Skills." CMA Today (American Association of Medical Assistants) 2012, 45(4):12-17. Donn J. "Narcotics under tight control -- until it's time to dump them." USA Today, 2008, Associated Press, 14 September http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/environment/2008-09-14-water-narcotics_N.htm. Donn J, Mendoza M, and Pritchard J. "Health facilities flush estimated 250M pounds of drugs a year." USA Today, 2008, Associated Press, 14 September http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2008-09-14-drugs-flush-water_N.htm. Donn J, Mendoza M, and Pritchard J. 2008, "Tons of drugs dumped into US wastewater system." LJWorld.com (Lawrence Journal World & News), 15 September, 3 pp; http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2008/sep/15/tons_drugs_dumped_us_wastewater_system/. Donn J, Mendoza M, and Pritchard J. 2009, "Tons of released drugs taint US water." The Associated Press, 19 April, http://nl.newsbank.com/nlsearch/we/Archives?p_product=APAB&p_theme=apab&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&s_dispstring=Tons%20of%20released%20drugs%20taint %20US%20water&p_field_advanced-0=&p_text_advanced-0=("Tons%20of%20released%20drugs%20taint%20US %20water")&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&xcal_useweights=no. Donn J, Mendoza M, and Pritchard JB. "Relatively little advice offered on disposal of medications." USA Today, 2008, http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/environment/2008-09-15-drugs-water-advice_N.htm. Doran E and Henry DA. "The PBS community awareness campaign: how helpful is blaming patients?" Medical Journal of Australia 2003, 179(10):544545; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14609420; http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/179_10_171103/dor10622_fm.html. Dormuth CR, Patrick AR, Shrank WH, Wright JM, Glynn RJ, Sutherland J, et al. "Statin Adherence and Risk of Accidents: A Cautionary Tale." Circulation 2009, 119(15):2051-2057; http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.108.824151. Doro JL, Mustafa AF, Eldalo AS, and Yousif MA. "Assessment of Drugs’ Donation Practices in Sudan ." Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2012, 3(2):113-118; http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/pp.2012.31017. Doroudgar S, Perry P, Lackey G, Veselova N, Chuang H, and Albertson T. "An 11-year retrospective review of venlafaxine ingestion in children from the California Poison Control System." Human & Experimental Toxicology 2016, 35(7):767-774; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327115604202. Dotinga W. 2014, "Big Pharma Crackdown OK'd by 9th Circuit." Courthouse News Service, Senate Press Gallery, Washington, DC, 30 September, 1 pp; http://www.courthousenews.com/2014/09/30/71959.htm. Dowell GL and Ellis-Martin M. "A descriptive study investigating the impact of asynchronous repeat prescribing on the elderly and the fate of excess medication that may result." School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK, 10 June, 2008, 2 pp; available: www.cowbeech.force9.co.uk/esopw/ARP.doc. Down to Earth. 2007, "What treatment? Regulation has not worked for drug industry." Down to Earth, Society for Environmental Communications, New Delhi, India, 31 October, 4 pp; http://www.downtoearth.org.in/node/6696. Downing B. 2010, "Local duo develop kits to dispose of prescriptions." Akron Beacon Journal, Ohio.com, Sprinkfield, OH, 23 March, http://www.ohio.com/news/88416727.html. Doyle S. "Canada lags behind United States in drug return, reuse and recycling programs." Canadian Medical Association Journal 2010, 182(4):E197E198; http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.109-3171. Dr. M. 2008, "Dumping Pharmaceutical Waste in the Deep Sea." Deep-Sea News, 7 April, 5 pp; http://deepseanews.com/2008/04/dumpingpharmaceutical-waste-in-the-deep-sea/. Drake AA. "Policy options for the collection and disposal of household pharmaceuticals." Masters Dissertation, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 2008. 74 pp; http://gradworks.umi.com/14/50/1450778.html. Driedger R. "Post-consumer Residual Stewardship Program Regulation Pharmaceuticals. Annual Report by the Director - 2000 Reporting Period." Pollution Prevention and Remediation Branch, Ministry of Water, Air, and Land Protection, Government of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 2002, 2 pp; available: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/epd/recycling/pharm/reports/pdf/2000.pdf. Drug Disposal Kits "Controlled Drug Destruction Kit." 2010, http://www.drugdisposalkits.co.uk/#/drug-kits/4536581436. Drug Topics. "DEA to hold second Drug Take-Back Day." Drug Topics 2011, March; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=712333&sk=726a6fa2677925d224030e60a9696dd8. Drug Topics Staff. "In letter to CMS, Congress requests better data before short-cycle dispensing implementation." Drug Topics 2011, March 18; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Modern+Medicine+News/In-letter-to-CMS-Congress-requests-better-databef/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/712513?contextCategoryId=49628. DrugDonations.org "Drugs & Network Development." Web Page maintained by Reé seau Meé dicaments et Deé veloppement (ReMeD), Paris, France, 2010, http://www.drugdonations.org/eng/campaign.html.

Druid H and Holmgren P. "A compilation of fatal and control concentrations of drugs in postmortem femoral blood." Journal of Forensic Sciences 1997, 42(1):79-87; http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/JFS14071J. Du B, Daniels V, Vaksman Z, Boyd J, Crady C, and Putcha L. "Evaluation of Physical and Chemical Changes in Pharmaceuticals Flown on Space Missions." The AAPS Journal 2011, 13(2):299-308; http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12248-011-9270-0. Duca D-A, Vaszilcsin N, and Dan ML. "Recycling of expired midazolam as levelling agent in a Watts electroplating bath." 16 th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference and EXPO SGEM2016, Albena, Bulgaria, 28 June-7 July, 2016, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mircea_Dan/publication/314244866. Duca G and Boldescu V. "Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment." in The Role of Ecological Chemistry in Pollution Research and Sustainable Development, Bahadir AM and Duca G, Eds., Springer; Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2009, pp 27-35; doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2903-4_3; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2903-4_3. Duggan E. 2010, "Top 10 Pharma Cargo Thefts by Value, 2009/2010. Drug Cargo Theft: the New Goldmine." FierceMarkets, Inc., Washington, DC, 29 June, 3 pp; http://www.fiercepharmamanufacturing.com/special-reports/top-10-pharma-cargo-thefts-value-2009-2010. Duke Medical Center Library & Archives "Duke Poison Control Center: A Retrospective Exhibit. Official Creation of the Poison Control Center and the Growth of the National Poison Control Movement." Web Page maintained by Duke Medical Center Library & Archives, Durham, NC, 2010, http://digitaldukemed.mc.duke.edu/pcc/creation.html. Dumbaugh KA. "Field Study: Armenia." in An Assessment of U.S. Pharmaceutical Donations: Players, Processes, and Products, Reich MR, Ed., Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA, 1999, Chapter 5, pp 95-144; http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s20190en/s20190en.pdf. Dumbaugh KA. "Field Study: Tanzania." in An Assessment of U.S. Pharmaceutical Donations: Players, Processes, and Products, Reich MR, Ed., Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA, 1999, Chapter 6, pp 145-195; http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s20190en/s20190en.pdf. Dunayer E. "Ibuprofen toxicosis in dogs, cats, and ferrets." Veterinary Medicine 2004, 99(7):580-586; http://www.aspcapro.org/sites/default/files/ttoxbrief_0704.pdf; http://www.aspcapro.org/resource/shelter-health-poison-control/ibuprofen-toxicosis-dogs-cats-and-ferrets. Dunkley RI. "Drug donations: let us get it right." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2005, 274(7332):54; http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/pj-onlinepj-letters-drug-donations/20013753.article. Dunn PJ, Wells AS, and Williams MT, Eds., "Green Chemistry in the Pharmaceutical Industry." Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, 2010, 388 pp; doi:10.1002/9783527629688; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527629688. Dunnell K and Cartwright A. "Medicine Takers, Prescribers and Hoarders." Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, UK, 1972, 182 pp; http://openlibrary.org/b/OL5303638M/Medicine_takers_prescribers_and_hoarders. Dupuy G, Cavalcanti L, Bourgogne E, Brichant-Petitjean C, Gomberoff L, Bloch V, et al. "Are empty methadone bottles empty? An analytic study." Harm Reduction Journal 2014, 11(1):20; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7517-11-20. Duvall D. "EPA Collecting Information on Disposal of Unused Medications." The Consultant Pharmacist 2009, 24(1):74-76; http://dx.doi.org/10.4140/TCP.n.2009.74. Dye LR, Murphy C, Calello DP, Levine MD, and Skolnik A. "Case 3 Diet Pill Ingestion in a Child." in Case Studies in Medical Toxicology: From the American College of Medical Toxicology, Dye LR, Murphy C, Calello DP, Levine MD and Skolnik A, Eds., Springer International Publishing; Cham, 2017, pp 15-24; doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56449-4_3; https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56449-4_3. Dzuray E. "USPS mail-back program can effectively transport prescription drugs for disposal." United States Postal Service USPS, 20 January 2011; www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/non_registrant/edzuray.pdf. E & A Environmental Consultants Inc. "Return logistics pilot study: the evaluation of the feasibility of composting returned pharmaceutical products." E & A Environmental Consultants, Inc., Canton, MA, February, 2000, 57 pp. Easty AC, Coakley N, Cheng R, Cividino M, Savage P, Tozer R, et al. "Safe handling of cytotoxics: guideline recommendations." Current Oncology 2015, 22(1):e27-e37; http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/co.21.2151. Eban K. 2011, "Drug theft goes big." CNN Money, Cable News Network, A Time Warner Company, 6 pp; http://features.blogs.fortune.cnn.com/2011/03/31/drug-theft-goes-big/. Eckstein G. 2011, "Alternative strategies for managing pharmaceutical and personal care products in water resources - Guest Post by Gabriel Eckstein." Great Lakes Law Blog, Professor Noah Hall, http://www.greatlakeslaw.org/blog/2011/07/alternative-strategies-for-managing-pharmaceutical-andpersonal-care-products-in-water-resources-gue.html. Eckstein G. "Emerging EPA Regulation of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." Environmental Law Reporter 2012, 42 ELR:11105-11108; http://elr.info/store/product/file_download/emerging-epa-regulation-pharmaceuticals-environment; http://www.sandw.com/assets/htmldocuments/Emerging%20EPA%20Regulation%20of%20Pharmaceuticals%20in%20the%20Environment %20B1519060.PDF.

Eckstein G. 2014, "Drugs on Tap: Managing Pharmaceuticals in Our Nation’s Waters." Pharmaceutical Compliance Monitor, Monitor Publishing Inc., Plano, TX, 8 September, 4 pp; http://www.pharmacompliancemonitor.com/drugs-tap-managing-pharmaceuticals-nations-waters/7481/. Eckstein G. "Drugs on Tap: Managing Pharmaceuticals in Our Nation's Waters (April 8, 2014)." NYU Environmental Law Journal 2015, 23:36-90; http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2628047. Eckstein G and Sherk GW. "Alternative Strategies for Managing Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in Water Resources." Texas Tech University, School of Law, Texas Tech Center for Water Law & Policy, Lubbock, TX, May, 2011, 64 pp; available: http://www.micropollutants.org/report.php. Eddy O and Howell JM. "Are one or two dangerous? Clonidine and topical imidazolines exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2003, 25(3):297-302; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0736-4679(03)00206-3. Edwards GP. "The family medicine cabinet." Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners 1982, 32(244):681-683; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1972808/. Edwards HW, Kostrzewa MF, and Looby GP. "Environmental Research Brief: Pollution prevention assessment for a manufacturer of pharmaceuticals." EPA/600/S-95/030, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 1995. 6 pp; http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/111855tiXJut/webviewable/. EEA. "Pharmaceuticals in the environment: Results of an EEA workshop." European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark, EEA Technical Report No 1/2010, 2010, 20 pp; available: http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/pharmaceuticals-in-the-environment-result-of-an-eeaworkshop/at_download/file; http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/pharmaceuticals-in-the-environment-result-of-an-eea-workshop. Egan KL, Gregory E, Sparks M, and Wolfson M. "From dispensed to disposed: evaluating the effectiveness of disposal programs through a comparison with prescription drug monitoring program data." The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 2017, 43(1):69-77; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2016.1240801. Egan KL and Wolfson M. "Response to Letter to the Editor regarding, “From dispensed to disposed: evaluating the effectiveness of disposal programs through a comparison with prescription drug monitoring program data”." The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 2017, 43(3):361-362; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2017.1292425. Eggen T, Snilsberg P, and Moö der M. "Organic compounds in municipal landfill leachates: Pharmaceuticals and musk compounds - an environmental problem? [Organiske miljøgifter i sigevann fra kommunale fyllplasser: Er legemidler og kosmetikk et miljøproblem?]." Jordforsk Norwegian Centre for Soil and Environmental Research, AÅ s, Norway, 67/03, 2003, 23 pp; available: http://gammel.jordforsk.no/fagjordfor/67-03.pdf. Eggleston W, Nacca N, Stork CM, and Marraffa JM. "Pediatric death after unintentional exposure to liquid nicotine for an electronic cigarette." Clinical Toxicology 2016, 54(9):890-891; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2016.1207081. Ehrling F. "Restriktionslaö kemedel (narkotikaklass II, IV & V) – foö rskrivning, anvaö ndning och kassation [Restricted Drug (drug class II, IV & V) prescription, use and disposal]." Uppsala University, Department of Pharmacology, Uppsala, Sweden, 2005. 33 pp; http://www.lj.se/info_files/infosida31715/restriktionslakemedel_forskrivning_anvandning_kassation.pdf. Eickhoff P, Heineck I, and Seixas LJ. "Gerenciamento e destinaçaã o final de medicamentos: uma iscussaã o sobre o problema [Management and medicines' disposal: a discussion about the problem]." Revista Brasileira de Farmácia (Brazilian Journal of Pharmacy) 2009, 90(1):64-68; http://rbfarma.org.br/files/pag_64a68_208_gerenciamento_destinacao.pdf. Eitel DF. "Managing medical waste technology: how US hospitals adapted to change." International Journal of Technology Management 1998, 15(35):402-420; http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJTM.1998.002608. Ekedahl A. "Statistics on local drug sales: A tool to identify problem areas and to follow effects of education on drug use." Lund University, Department of Community Medicine, Malmoö University Hospital, Lund, Sweden, 2002. 54 pp; http://www.lub.lu.se/luft/diss/med638.pdf. Ekedahl A. "Unused drugs returned to pharmacies - a few patients return a large proportion of the unused drugs." Journal of Social and Administrative Pharmacy 2003, 20(6):257-258; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215594528. Ekedahl A and Lindberg G. "Differences between drug utilisation estimates based on pharmacy sales and on purchases by the resident population." Pharmacy World and Science 2005, 27(6):469-471; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-005-1311-2. Ekedahl A, Wergeman L, and Rydberg T. "Unused drugs in Sweden measured by returns to pharmacies." Journal of Social and Administrative Pharmacy 2003, 20(1):26-31; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215594523_Unused_drugs_in_Sweden_measured_by_returns_to_pharmacies. Ekedahl ABE. "Reasons why medicines are returned to Swedish pharmacies unused." Pharmacy World and Science 2006, 28(6):352-358; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-006-9055-1. Eklund LH and Wessling A. "Unused returned drugs." Svensk Farmaceutisk Tidskrift 1975, 79:499-503. Elastec/American Marine "Drug Terminator - a mobile incinerator for disposal of illicit drugs." Web Page maintained by Elastec Inc., Carmi, IL, 2010, http://www.elastec.com/portableincinerators/drugterminator/. Eldridge DL, Mutter KW, and Holstege CP. "An Evidence-Based Review of Single Pills and Swallows that Can Kill a Child." Pediatric Emergency Medicine Practice 2010, 7(3):1-16; https://www.medschool.lsuhsc.edu/emergency_medicine/docs/pills%20that%20kill.pdf.

Eldridge DL, Van Eyk J, and Kornegay C. "Pediatric Toxicology." Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 2007, 25(2):283-308; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emc.2007.02.011. Eldridge J. 2011, "An Act preventing harmful chemicals from contaminating the water supply." Massachusetts, 2 pp; http://www.malegislature.gov/Bills/187/Senate/S01089. ElephantPharm "Teleosis Institute Helps Power First Eco-friendly Medicine Disposal and Pill Bottle Recycling Program." 2010, http://www.elephantpharm.com/content/view/602/132/. El-Hamamsy M. "Unused medications: How cost and how disposal of in Cairo, Egypt ." International Journal of Pharmaceutiical Studies and Research 2011, 2(1):21-27; http://www.technicaljournalsonline.com/ijpsr/VOL%20II/IJPSR %20VOL%20II%20ISSUE%20I%20JANUARY%20MARCH%202011/IJPSR%20VOL%20II%20ISSUE%20I%20Article%205.pdf. Eli Lilly and Company. "Lilly’s Position on the Disposal of Unused Medicines in the United States." Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 2011, 2 pp; available: http://www.lilly.com/Documents/Unused%20Medicines%20Position%20Statement.pdf. Elkins AA, Jr. "Close-Out of OIG Report No. 12-P-0508, EPA Inaction in Identifying Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals May Result in Unsafe Disposal." US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Inspector General (OIG), Washington, DC, 12 May, 2012, 1 pp; available: http://www.epa.gov/oig/reports/2012/12-P-0508_IG_Comment_on_Response.pdf. Elliott R. "Nonadherence to medicines: the scale of the problem." Prescriber 2013, 24(17):47-50; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psb.1096. Ellis J and Mullan J. "Prescription medication borrowing and sharing Risk factors and management." Australian Family Physician 2009, 38(10):816-820; http://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2009/october/prescription-medication-borrowing/. eMedExpert. 2013, "Expired Medications." eMedExpert, eMedExpert.com, 7 October, 3 pp; http://www.emedexpert.com/tips/expired-meds.shtml. Emery D and Singer JI. "Highly toxic ingestions for toddlers: when a pill can kill." Pediatric Emergency Medicine Reports 1998, 3(12):111-122; http://www.ahcmedia.com/articles/39860-highly-toxic-ingestions-for-toddlers-when-a-pill-can-kill. Emery E. "Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in the Environment." The Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO), Cincinnati, OH, 11 August 2009; http://www.orsanco.org/images/stories/files/aboutUs/committees/research/ppcp%20-%20emery%20%20wv %20house%20aug%2009.pdf. Emmanuel J, Hrdinka CČ , and Głuszyné ski P. "Non-incineration medical waste treatment technologies in Europe: A Recource[sic] for Hospital Administrators, Facility Managers, Health Care Professionals, Environmental Advocates, and Community Members." Health Care Without Harm Europe, Prague, Czech Republic, 2004; http://www.env-health.org/IMG/pdf/altech_Europe_updated_version_10_12_2004.pdf. Enick OV. "Do Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Have an Ecological Impact?" Masters Dissertation, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 2006. 202 pp; http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/retrieve/2941/etd2250.pdf. Enserink M. "Advice to vultures: Avoid Spanish livestock." Science 2009, 20 March; http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2009/03/advice-vultures-avoidspanish-livestock. Environment Canada "ENVIRx Pharmaceutical Stewardship Programme." Web Page maintained by Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2010, http://www.ec.gc.ca/epr/default.asp?lang=En&n=CDA75A7C-1. Environmental Advisory Board. "Waste pharmaceuticals: A pollution prevention opportunity." Town of Cary, Cary, NC, April, 2011, 5 pp; available: http://www.townofcary.org/Assets/Boards/Environmental+Advisory+Board/EAB+-+4.5.11+Exhibit+D.pdf. EnviroPharm. "Environmental Regulation Update for the Healthcare Professional." EnviroPharm 2009 Conference: Environmental Regulation Update for the Healthcare Professional, Mississauga, ON, Canada, 1 October, 2009, http://www.solidwastemag.com/waste-management/enviropharm-2009conference/1000341557/. ERG. "Final Data Collection on the Toxicity, Use, and Disposal of Hazardous Drugs Report." Eastern Research Group, Inc. (ERG), Chantilly, VA, September, 2011, 45 pp. Erickson BE. "Keeping Drug Disposal Secure: Senate hearing highlights confusion over what to do with leftover medicines, barriers to drug take-back programs." Chemical and Engineering News 2010, 88(29):28-29; doi:10.1021/cen-v088n029.p028. Erickson BE. "Lab-Developed Tests Come under Fire: FDA ramps up efforts to ensure the analytical, clinical validity of diagnostics created and used by single labs." Chemical and Engineering News 2010, 88(32):24-25; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v088n032.p024. Eriksson E, Auffarth K, Eilersen AM, Henze M, and Ledin A. "Household chemicals and personal care products as sources for xenobiotic organic compounds in grey wastewater." Water SA 2003, 29(2):135-146; http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=15275314. Esaki RK and Macario A. 2009, "Wastage of Supplies and Drugs in the Operating Room." Medscape Anesthesiology, http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/710513. Escobar C and Constantin J. "Automated medical technology and the environment: Pyxis Ecostation® system manages pharmaceutical waste." University of Pittsburgh, Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, 10 February, 2013, 10 pp; available: http://bit.ly/Zr6HHc.

Esseku YY. "Ecopharmacovigilance in practice: design of an intervention - the drug disposal flow diagram." Masters Dissertation, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, 2016. 120 pp; http://ir.knust.edu.gh/handle/123456789/9354. Ette EI. "Conscience, the Law, and Donation of Expired Drugs." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2004, 38(7):1310-1313; http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1D375. EU. "Program Overview." European Union (EU), Brussels, Belgium, December, 2009, 2 pp. Euwema M and Swanson T. "Toxicity, Deadly Single Dose Agents." StatPearls Publishing LLC, 2017; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441849/; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28722879. Evans JD and Evans EW. "Review of eight restricted-access programs and potential implications for pharmacy." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2007, 64(12):1302-1310; http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp060149 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17563056. Evans JP, Dale DC, and Fomous C. "Preparing for a Consumer-Driven Genomic Age." New England Journal of Medicine 2010, August 18; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1006202. Evans K. "What’s in your sample closet? A cross-sectional study to quantify the number of expired samples and to evaluate novelty and usefulness of sample closet medications." Doctoral Dissertation, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, 2013. 31 pp; http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/handle/10150/281155. Evans KL and Brown SR. "Many Sample Closet Medications Are Expired." Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine 2012, 25(3):394-395; http://dx.doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2012.03.110250. Even KM, Armsby CC, and Bateman ST. "Poisonings requiring admission to the pediatric intensive care unit: A 5-year review." Clinical Toxicology 2014, 52(5):519-524; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2014.909601. Everts S. "Better living through green chemistry: Pharmaceuticals." New Scientist 2010, (2751):34-38; http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18641better-living-through-green-chemistry-pharmaceuticals.html. excelleRx and USEPA Region III. "Pharmaceutical Disposal Summit (and follow-up actions)." Pharmaceutical Disposal Summit, 5 June, 2008, http://xerismobile.com/images/EPA_Meeting/Pharmaceutical%20Disposal%20Summit%20Minutes%206-5-08%20FINAL.pdf. Express Scripts. "2011 Drug Trend Report." The Express Scripts Research & New Solutions Lab, April, 2012, 189 pp; available: http://www.expressscripts.com/research/research/dtr/archive/2012/interactive/offline/download.pdf. F.P.R. Inc. "The Pill Catcher." Web Page maintained by F.P.R. Inc., Plymouth, MI, 2010, http://www.thepillcatcher.com/. Fabrizi G, Fioretti M, Mainero Rocca L, and Curini R. "DESI-MS2: a rapid and innovative method for trace analysis of six cytostatic drugs in health care setting." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 2012, 403(4):973-983; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5626-7. Fagerman K. "What Is Your Pharmaceutical Footprint?" Pharmacy Times 2017, October; http://www.pharmacytimes.com/news/what-is-yourpharmaceutical-footprint. Falbe LW, Swill D, January MA, and Villasenor-Rodriguez Y. "No more pills down the drain: Illinois bans disposal of unused pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment systems." Environmental/Health Law Alert 2009, August:1-2; http://www.drinkerbiddle.com/files/Publication/61f3f739-07c54aa6-9c7c-0d7e6934257e/Presentation/PublicationAttachment/05fa36ee-2c38-443d-b9f1-131c53b3480d/PharmaEnvAlert.pdf. Fallahzadeh MA, Salehi A, Hassanzadeh J, and Fallahzadeh MH. "Epidemiological Aspects of Acute Poisoning in Children Admitted to a Referral Hospital during a Six-Year-Period." Annals of Pediatrics & Child Health 2014, 2(3):1020; http://www.jscimedcentral.com/Pediatrics/pediatrics-2-1020.pdf. Falqueto E and Kligerman DC. "Diretrizes para um Programa de Recolhimento de Medicamentos Vencidos no Brasil. [Guidelines for an Expired Medication Collection Program in Brazil]." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva [online] 2013, 18(3):883-892; http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S141381232013000800034. Farris JP, A.W. A, and Ku RH. "History, implementation and evolution of the pharmaceutical hazard categorization and control system." Chemistry Today 2006, 24(2):5-10; http://www.safebridge.com/Technical-Papers/PDF/History-Implementation-and-Evolution-of-the-Pharmaceutical-HazardCategorization-and-Control-Systems/. Fasken K and Houts T. "Commonly overlooked wastes." Journal of Chemical Health and Safety 2010, 17(6):8-12; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchas.2010.01.015. Fasola G, Aita M, Marini L, Follador A, Tosolini M, Mattioni L, et al. "Drug waste minimisation and cost-containment in Medical Oncology: two-year results of a feasibility study." BMC Health Services Research 2008, 8(1):70; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-8-70. Fatokun O, Chang AW, Ng WN, Nair T, and Balakrishnan V. "Unused and expired medications disposal practices in the community: a cross-sectional survey in Cheras, Malaysia." Archives of Pharmacy Practice 2011, 2(3):82-83; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287291487_Unused_and_expired_medications_disposal_practices_in_the_community_a_crosssectional_survey_in_Cheras_Malaysia.

Faure P and Rizzo Padoin N. "Hoê pital et environnement: l'eé limination des deé chets [Hospital and Environment: Waste Disposal]." Annales Pharmaceutiques Françaises 2003, 61(6):373-377; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14639187; http://www.emconsulte.com/article/87791/alertePM. Fayerman P. 2011, "Law banning household disposal of medications largely ignored, survey finds: Research indicates that trace amounts of flushed drugs end up in human drinking water." The Vancouver Sun, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 12 January, 3 pp; http://www.vancouversun.com/technology/banning+household+disposal+medications+largely+ignored+survey+finds/4100487/story.html. Fazen LE, Lovejoy FH, and Crone RK. "Acute Poisoning in a Children's Hospital: A 2-Year Experience." Pediatrics 1986, 77(2):144-151; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/77/2/144.abstract. Federal Ministry of Health, National Injection Safety Forum (Nigeria). "Standards for Universal Precautions and Health Care Waste Management Practices." Making Medical Injections Safer (MMIS), Arlington, VA, March, 2005, 14 pp; available: http://nigeria.usembassy.gov/uploads/images/KIN207KBRqV2B6y6wBj9Q/Standards_for_Universal_Precautions_and_Healthcare_Mgt_Practices_2005.pdf. Fenech C, Rock L, Nolan K, and Morrissey A. "Attitudes towards the use and disposal of unused medications in two European Countries." Waste Management 2013, 33(2):259-261; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.12.018. Fenech JP. "The Rate of Discontinuance." Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain, Year Unknown, 60 pp; available: http://www.econ.upf.edu/eng/graduates/gpem/jm/pdf/paper/JMP%20Palacios.pdf. Fent KW and Mueller C. "Pharmaceutical Dust Exposure at Pharmacies Using Automatic Dispensing Machines: A Preliminary Study." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 2014, 11(11):695-705; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2014.918983. Ferguson RW. "Keeping Families Safe around Medicine." Safe Kids Worldwide, Washington, D.C., March, 2014, 24 pp; available: http://www.safekids.org/sites/default/files/research_reports/medicine_safety_study_2014.pdf. Ferguson RW and Mickalide AD. "An In-Depth Look at Keeping Young Children Safe around Medicine." Safe Kids Worldwide, Washington, DC, March, 2013, available: http://www.safekids.org/assets/docs/ourwork/research/2013-medication-safety-report.pdf. Ferreira JA, Bila DM, Ritter E, and Braga AC. "Chemical healthcare waste management in small Brazilian municipalities." Waste Management & Research 2012, 30(12):1306-1311; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x12459551. Ferreira V and Teixeira MR. "Healthcare waste management practices and risk perceptions: Findings from hospitals in the Algarve region, Portugal." Waste Management 2010, 30(12):2657-2663; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2010.07.012. Fields L. 2012, "Can I recycle my medication bottles?" Consumer News, ConsumerReports.org, http://news.consumerreports.org/health/2012/08/cani-recycle-my-medication-bottles.html. Finan D and Wood L. "Pharmaceutical Manufacturer and Retailer Interests." Medicine Take-Back Workshop, Unwanted Medicine Return Program, Seattle, WA, PiE task Force, PhRMA, 18 April, 2008, 10 pp; http://www.medicinereturn.com/resources/workshop/resources/workshop/pharm_mftr_and_retailer_interests_-_finan_and_wood_presentation_0418-08_wa_workshop.pdf; http://www.medicinereturn.com/resources/workshop. Finan DS, Garamone MD, and Jahnke J. "An Evaluation of Unused Medicine Disposal Options on Wastewater Treatment Plant Influents." Fourth Annual Unused Drug Return Conference, Portland, ME, 31 October-1 November, 2007, 32 pp; http://www.benzos.une.edu/MaineUnusedDisposalConferencePresentationFinal.pptx. Fincham JE. "Topical Bibliography on Medicine Compliance." Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology 1995, 3(2). Fincham JE. "Patient Compliance with Medications: Issues and Opportunities." Pharmaceutical Products Press, An Imprint of The Haworth Press, Inc., Binghamton, New York, 2007, 232 pp; http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/9780789026095; https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0789026104. Finkelstein Y, Aks SE, Hutson JR, Juurlink DN, Nguyen P, Dubnov-Raz G, et al. "Colchicine poisoning: the dark side of an ancient drug." Clinical Toxicology 2010, 48(5):407-414; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.495348. Finkelstein Y, Hutson J, Wax P, and Brent J. "Toxico-Surveillance of Infant and Toddler Poisonings in the United States." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2012, 8(3):263-266; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13181-012-0227-1. Finkelstein Y, Macdonald EM, Gonzalez A, Sivilotti MLA, Mamdani MM, and Juurlink DN. "Overdose Risk in Young Children of Women Prescribed Opioids." Pediatrics 2017, 139(3):e20162887; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-2887. Fischer B and Murphy Y. "Policy Measures for Prescription Opioids and Harms: Enough to Protect Public Health? A Comment on Yanovitzky (2016) and Piper et al. (2016)." Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 2016, 77(4):566-567; https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2016.77.566. Fischer MA, Choudhry NK, Brill G, Avorn J, Schneeweiss S, Hutchins D, et al. "Trouble Getting Started: Predictors of Primary Medication Nonadherence." The American Journal of Medicine 2011, 124(11):1081.e1089-1081.e1022; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.05.028. Fiser DH, Moss MM, and Walker W. "Critical care for clonidine poisoning in toddlers." Critical Care Medicine 1990, 18(10):1124-1128; http://journals.lww.com/ccmjournal/Fulltext/1990/10000/Critical_care_for_clonidine_poisoning_in_toddlers.14.aspx.

Fisher OD. "Accidental Poisoning of Children in Belfast: A Report of two years' experience at the Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children." Ulster Medical Journal 1954, 23(2):124-131; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2480209/. Fisher PMJ, Smith DA, and Collignon PJ. "The after-life of drugs: a responsible care initiative for reducing their environmental impact." Medical Journal of Australia 2013, 199(6):388-390; http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja12.10904. Fitzgerald KT, Bronstein AC, and Flood AA. ""Over-The-Counter" Drug Toxicities in Companion Animals." Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice 2006, 21(4):215-226; http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ctsap.2006.10.006. Fixler K. 2016, "Summit looks for more drug take-back sites after City Market drops program." Summit Daily News, Swift Communications, Inc., Frisco, CO, 19 June, 4 pp; http://www.summitdaily.com/news/22555471-113/summit-looks-for-more-drug-take-back-sites-after. Flanagan R, Saynor D, Huggett A, Raper S, and Volans G. "Value of toxicological investigation in the diagnosis of acute drug poisoning in children." The Lancet 1981, 318(8248):682-685; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(81)91009-6. Flanagan RJ. "Guidelines for the Interpretation of Analytical Toxicology Results and Unit of Measurement Conversion Factors." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: An International Journal of Biochemistry in Medicine 1998, 35(2):261-267; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456329803500210. Flanagan RJ. "Fatal toxicity of drugs used in psychiatry." Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 2008, 23(S1):S43-S51; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hup.916. Flannagan LM, Butts JD, and Anderson WH. "Fentanyl patches left on dead bodies -- potential source of drug for abusers." Journal of Forensic Sciences 1996, 41(2):320-321; http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/JFS15436J. Flatlow I. 2010, "Scientific disciplines mix at chemistry meeting." NPR Science Friday, 26 March, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php? storyId=125216841. Fleming E, Proescholdbell S, Sachdeva N, Alexandridis AA, Margolis L, and Ransdell K. "North Carolina's Operation Medicine Drop: Results from One of the Nation's Largest Drug Disposal Programs." North Carolina Medical Journal 2016, 77(1):59-62; http://dx.doi.org/10.18043/ncm.77.1.59. Fleming-Dutra KE, Hersh AL, Shapiro DJ, Bartoces M, Enns EA, File TM, et al. "Prevalence of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions among us ambulatory care visits, 2010-2011." Journal of the American Medical Association 2016, 315(17):1864-1873; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.4151. Flemming AS. "Accidental poisoning." Public Health Reports 1960, 75(1):91-93; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1929396/. FMHACA. "Medicines Waste Management and Disposal Directive." Food, Medicine and Healthcare Administration and Control Authority (FMHACA) of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2011, 40 pp; available: http://www.fmhaca.gov.et/documents/Medicines_Waste_Management_Disposal_Directive_Final_prin.pdf. Fogel S, Lesage F, and Cheron G. "Intoxication involontaire aux ampheé tamines chez un nourrisson de 11 mois [Accidental amphetamine poisoning in an 11-month-old boy]." Archives de Pédiatrie 2016, 23(8):820-822; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2016.05.010. Forbes AJ, Ross AJ, and Rees JA. "Disposal of medicines by the public." The Pharmaceutical Journal 1989, 243(Suppl):R9-R11. Forrester M. "Reply to comments on escitalopram and lisinopril ingestion articles." Human & Experimental Toxicology 2008, 27(10):739; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327108089954. Forte G-B and Alderslade R. "Inappropriate Drug-Donation Practices in Bosnia and Herzegovina." New England Journal of Medicine 1998, 338(20):1473; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199805143382017. Fowler RL. "Temperature Control of Prehospital Medications: “Who’s Burning Who??”." The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, Year Unknown, 85 pp; available: http://www.doctorfowler.com/www/lectures/temperature%20control%20for%20EMS%20medications.pdf. Fowler W. "Medsaway® System Deactivation of Drugs in Abuse Deterrent Formulations; An Investigation using Oxycontin as a Model Compound." Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc., Burnsville, MN, 8 October, 2012, 5 pp; available: http://www.verdeenvirotech.com; http://www.verdeenvirotech.com/storage/Fowler%20White%20Paper%2010-8-12.pdf. Fowler W. "MedsawayTM System Deactivation of Unused Drugs: Comparison between Medsaway Ingredients and Others Recommended in Federal and SmartRx Disposal Guidelines." Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc., Burnsville, MN, 8 October, 2012, 5 pp; available: http://www.verdeenvirotech.com; http://deterrasystem.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Fowler-White-Paper-10-8-12.pdf. Fowler W. "Deterra® System Deactivation of Unused Drugs: Comparison between Deterra Ingredients and Others Recommended in Federal and SmartRx Disposal Guideline." Verde Environmental Technologies Inc., Minnetonka, MN, Year Unknown, 5 pp; available: http://deterrasystem.com/wpcontent/uploads/2017/01/White-Paper-updated-1-3-17.pdf. Fowler W and Anderson C. "Summary Report: Use of Medsaway® Activated Carbon adsorption technologies as a means to render drugs unavailable, unusable, and, subsequently no longer available for diversion." Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc., Burnsville, MN, 26 November, 2013, 9 pp; available: http://www.verdeenvirotech.com; http://deterrasystem.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Summary-Report-re-Medsaway-to-renderdrugs-unusable-Nov-2013.pdf.

Fowler W and Anderson C. "Medsaway® Activated Carbon: Retention of Pharmaceuticals using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure Extraction Solution." Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc., Burnsville, MN, Year Unknown, 6 pp; available: http://www.verdeenvirotech.com; http://deterrasystem.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Medsaway-TCLP-extraction-evaluation-12-10-13.pdf. Fowler W, Anderson C, and Anderson C. "General Medication Disposal System." Patent Application: 2013, 11 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2013/0085313.html. Fox M. 2016, "Wrong Antibiotic Prescribed Half the Time, Report Finds." NBC News, nbcnews.com, New York, NY, 24 October, 3 pp; http://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/wrong-antibiotic-prescribed-half-time-report-finds-n671881. Fox S. "Prescription Drugs Online: One in four Americans have looked online for drug information, but few have ventured into the online drug marketplace." Pew Internet & American Life Project, Washington, DC, 10 October, 2004, 17 pp; available: http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2004/Prescription-Drugs-Online.aspx; http://www.pewinternet.org/~/media//Files/Reports/2004/PIP_Prescription_Drugs_Online.pdf.pdf. Foxhall K. "Senate passes prescription drug disposal bill (S. 3397)." Drug Topics 2010, August 17; http://listmgr.advanstar.com/t/13924325/187763524/851302/0/. Francer JK. "Re: Comments in Response to Notice of “Best Management Practices for Unused Pharmaceuticals at Health Care Facilities” Draft Guidance; 75 Federal Register 54627 (September 8, 2010)." Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), Washington, DC, 8 September, 2010, 8 pp; available: http://insideepa.com/iwpfile.html?file=nov2010%2Fepa2010_2019a.pdf. Franklin GM. "Opioids for chronic noncancer pain: A position paper of the American Academy of Neurology." Neurology 2014, 83(14):1277-1284; http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000000839. Franklin LA. 2011, "How to properly dispose of old prescription, OTC drugs." Healthy Living, 24 August, 2 pp; http://www.nwitimes.com/niche/gethealthy/healthy-living/how-to-properly-dispose-of-old-prescription-otc-drugs/article_69bf27f8-f01a-512d-8a23-7bc8979ac436.html. Franklin RL and Rodgers GB. "Unintentional Child Poisonings Treated in United States Hospital Emergency Departments: National Estimates of Incident Cases, Population-Based Poisoning Rates, and Product Involvement." Pediatrics 2008, 122(6):1244-1251; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-3551. Fransman W. "Antineoplastic drugs Occupational exposure and health risks." Doctoral Dissertation, Utrecht University, Nijkerk, The Netherlands, 2006. 168 pp; http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/dissertations/2006-1003-200854/full.pdf#page=131. Fransman W, Huizer D, Tuerk J, and Kromhout H. "Inhalation and dermal exposure to eight antineoplastic drugs in an industrial laundry facility." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 2007, 80(5):396-403; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-006-0148-x. Fredrix E. "Pharmaceutical disposal companies turn unwanted drugs into power." GazetteXtra, 2007, http://www.gazetteextra.com/pillstopower072707.asp. Freedonia Group. "Pharmaceutical Packaging: US Industry Study with Forecasts for 2012 & 2017." Cleveland, Ohio, study #2341, May, 2008, 319 pp; available: http://www.freedoniagroup.com/DocumentDetails.aspx?StudyId=2341; http://www.freedoniagroup.com/brochure/23xx/2341smwe.pdf. Freshwater Society "Water Pollution & Pharmaceuticals." Web Page maintained by Freshwater Society, Anoka, MN, 2010, http://freshwater.org/index.php/resources/water-pollution. Frieden TR and Houry D. "Reducing the Risks of Relief — The CDC Opioid-Prescribing Guideline." New England Journal of Medicine 2016, 374(16):15011504; http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1515917. Friedman C. 2010, "Flushing drugs down toilet leads to medical license suspension." Gaston Gazette, Gastonia, NC, 9 March, 1 pp; http://www.gastongazette.com/news/medical-44600-suspension-license.html. Frisman P. "Collecting and disposing of unused medication and recycling prescription bottles." Connecticut General Assenbly, Office of Legislative Research (OLR) Research, Hartfort, Ct, 2009-R-0038, 29 January, 2009, 5 pp. Frithsen IL and Simpson WM. "Recognition and management of acute medication poisoning." American Family Physician 2010, 81(3):316-323; http://reference.medscape.com/medline/abstract/20112890. Fuchs VR. "Eliminating "Waste" in Health Care." Journal of the American Medical Association 2009, 302(22):2481-2482; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1821. Fudin J. 2009, "What Should Patients Do with Unused Narcotics?" Medscape Today, November 18, 2 pp; http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/712162. Fung LS. "Pediatric Accidental Ingestions: Monitoring and Treatment Options." U.S. Pharmacist, 1 March, 2010, 7 pp; available: http://www.uspharmacist.com/continuing_education/ceviewtest/lessonid/106603/. Gabay M. "Resource Conservation and Recovery Act: Management of Pharmaceutical Waste." Hospital Pharmacy 2012, 47(10):769-770; http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hpj4710-769; http://thomasland.metapress.com/content/964vj23326374g11/fulltext.pdf.

Gabriele ML, Perissinotto E, Simoncello I, Baroni A, and Romano M. "[Drugs and health. 2. Study on the presence, use, storage and disposal of drugs in a sample of families in Adria (Rovigo) Local Health Unit 31, Venetian region]." Annali di Igiene, Medicina Preventiva di Comunità 1989, 1(5):1029-1041; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2483889?dopt=Abstract. Gad SC. "Single-Dose (Acute) and Pilot (DRF) Toxicity Testing in Drug Safety Evaluation." in Pharmaceutical Sciences Encyclopedia, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010, pp 185-233; doi:10.1002/9780470571224.pse132; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470571224.pse132. Gaddis M. 2010, "7 Drugs That Can Kill Kids in a Single Pill." NewsTalk WCHB, WCHBNewsDetroit.com, 18 March, 14 pp; http://wchbnewsdetroit.newsone.com/230031/7-drugs-that-can-kill-kids-in-a-single-pill/. Gagnon E. "Pharmaceutical Disposal Programs: A Canadian Perspective." International Symposium on Pharmaceuticals in the Home and Environment: Catalysts for Change, ME, Health Canada, 10-11 November, 2008, http://www.mainebenzo.org/documents/PharmaceuticalDisposalPrograms_aCanadianPerspective.ppt. Gagnon E. "Pharmaceutical Disposal Programs for the Public: A Canadian Perspective." Health Canada, Environmental Impact Initiative, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 6 November, 2009, 83 pp; available: http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/Takeback%20%282%29.pdf. Gagnon M-A and Lexchin J. "The Cost of Pushing Pills: A New Estimate of Pharmaceutical Promotion Expenditures in the United States." PLoS Medicine 2008, 5(1):e1; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.0050001. Gaisford J, Shield M, and Wood M. "Overview of Proposed Secure Medicine Return Rule & Regulation." King County Board of Health, King County, WA, Briefing No. 13-B11, 16 May, 2013, 55 pp; available: http://www.kingcounty.gov/healthservices/health/BOH/MedicineTakeback/overview.aspx. Gaither JR, Leventhal JM, Ryan SA, and Camenga DR. "National trends in hospitalizations for opioid poisonings among children and adolescents, 1997 to 2012." JAMA Pediatrics 2016, 170(12):1195-1201; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.2154. Gajre MP, Jain D, and Jadhav A. "Accidental haloperidol poisoning in children." Indian Journal of Pharmacology 2012, 44(6):803-804; http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.103307. Gallagher A, Keefe LJ, Mayer SA, and Hanlon WD. "Pharmaceutical Waste Disposal." in Sewage and Industrial Wastes, 1954, Volume 26, pp 1355-1362; http://www.jstor.org/discover/25032616?sid=21105088465991&uid=70&uid=3739256&uid=2134&uid=3739824&uid=2&uid=4. Gallagher M. "Return unwanted medicines (RUM) project." Northern Ireland, May, 2003, 48 pp; available: http://www.westernifh.org/uploads/Action/Return%20Unawanted%20Medicines%20Report%20-%20Galliagh%20Women's %20Group_20060510122032.doc. Galligan TH, Amano T, Prakash VM, Kulkarni M, Shringarpure R, Prakash N, et al. "Have population declines in Egyptian Vulture and Red-headed Vulture in India slowed since the 2006 ban on veterinary diclofenac?" Bird Conservation International 2014, 24(3):272-281; http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0959270913000580. Galvin D. "Household pharmaceutical disposal: Issue overview." Medicine Take-Back Workshop: Establishing a Return Program for Household Drugs, Seattle, WA, 18 April, 2008, 35 pp; http://www.medicinereturn.com/resources/workshop/resources/workshop/overview_of_issues_status__galvin_presentation_04-18-08_wa_workshop.pdf. Gammon DL, Su S, Huckfeldt R, Jordan J, Patterson R, Finley PJ, et al. "Alteration in prehospital drug concentration after thermal exposure." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2008, 26(5):566-573; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2007.09.004. Gammon K. "U.S. Counties Requiring Drug Makers to Take Back Unwanted Medicines: In the absence of federal action, local governments require collection and incineration of pharmaceuticals." Chemical and Engineering News 2015, 93(43):32-34; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-09343-govpol. Ganapathy S, Maffei FA, Mullins ME, Windle ML, Tucker JR, Petry PD, et al. 2012, "Pediatric Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor Toxicity." Medscape, WebMD LLC, 22 October, 4 pp; http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1011331-overview#showall. Gandhi T and Best K. "Educate patients about proper disposal of unused Rx medications—for their safety." Current Phychiatry 2015, 14(4):60, 67; http://www.currentpsychiatry.com/articles/pearls/article/educate-patients-about-proper-disposal-of-unused-rx-medications-for-theirsafety/6cdb545bda315f557094e48989b84049.html. Gangele A and Verma A. "Pharmaceutical Green Supply Chain Management of Community in India through Reducing and Recycling Pharmaceutical Waste." International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Technology 2011, 3(4):455-473. Gao X, Bakshi P, Sunkara Ganti S, Manian M, Korey A, Fowler W, et al. "Evaluation of an activated carbon based deactivation system for the disposal of highly abused opioid medications." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 2018, 44(1):125-134; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03639045.2017.1386199. Garcia DF. "Regulatory Clarification Request, New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) for Other Solid Waste Incinerators (OS WI), Subpart EEEE." Branch ATIC, US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 6, Dallas, TX, 2011. 3 pp. Gardiner L. 2014, "Jackson Bill to Create Nation’s First Statewide Drug Take-Back Program Passes out of Committee." Noozhawk, Malamut Ventures LLC, Santa Barbara, CA, 7 April, 4 pp; http://www.noozhawk.com/article/jackson_bill_statewide_drug_take-back_program_passes_committee_20140326. Gardner G. "Illegal Drug Laboratories: A Growing Health and Toxic Waste Problem." Pace Environmental Law Review 1989, 7(1):193-212; http://digitalcommons.pace.edu/pelr/vol7/iss1/23/.

Gardner-Nix J. "Caregiver toxicity from transdermal fentanyl." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 2001, 21(6):447-448; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0885-3924(01)00285-8. Garey KW, Johle ML, Behrman K, and Neuhauser MM. "Economic Consequences of Unused Medications in Houston, Texas." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2004, 38(7-8):1165-1168; http:/dx.doi.org.dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1D619. Garrett S, Althoff PJ, Steans H, Bivins T, Hunter M, Delgado W, et al. 2009, "SB0178/PA 96-0121: EPA-Household Waste Drop-Off." Illinois General Assembly, Springfield, IL, 98th General Assembly, http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/BillStatus.asp? GA=96&DocTypeID=SB&DocNum=178&GAID=10&SessionID=76&LegID=40639. Garvin C. 2009, "Statement of Cheri Garvin CEO, Leesburg Pharmacy, on Behalf of the National Community Pharmacists Association, Submitted to United States House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security, at a Hearing on Secure and Responsible Drug Disposal." Leesburg Pharmacy, National Community Pharmacists Association, 5 pp; http://www.ncpanet.org/pdf/leg/securedrugdisposaltestimony.pdf. Gaudiano MC, Manna L, Rodomonte AL, Bartolomei M, Bertocchi P, Gallinella B, et al. "A Survey on Illegal and Counterfeit Medicines for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunctions in Italy." The Journal of Sexual Medicine 2012, 9(8):2130-2137; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02770.x. Gaulier J-M, Charvier F, Monceaux F, Marquet P, and Lachatre G. "Ingestion of High-Dose Buprenorphine by a 4 Year-Old Child." Clinical Toxicology 2004, 42(7):993-995; http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/CLT-200042470. Gaw CE, Spiller HA, Russell JL, Chounthirath T, and Smith GA. "Evaluation of dose and outcomes for pediatric vilazodone ingestions." Clinical Toxicology 2017, In press; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2017.1347263. Gebhart F. "Do expiration dates make a difference?" Drug Topics 2005, October; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=184115&pageID=1&sk=&date=. Gebhart F. "Agencies flush original strategies in favor of promoting drug take-back programs." Drug Topics 2008, 152(9):25; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=534510; http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/advanstar/dt081108/index.php. Gebhart F. "Pharmacy edges toward medication returns." Drug Topics 2008, 152(4):25; http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/advanstar/dt031008/index.php; http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=20195951. Gebhart F. "Waste not, want not." Drug Topics 2008, 152(10):59-60; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Business+and+Management/Drug-costs-force-hospitals-to-change-billingpract/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/549120. Gebhart F. "Controlled substance disposal a growing problem for hospitals." Drug Topics 2008, 152(13):H1; http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/advanstar/dt121508/#/18. Gebhart F. "Green pharmacy pilot program goes national." Drug Topics 2009, 153(3):H1; http://www.modernmedicine.com/modernmedicine/Modern+Medicine+Now/Green-pharmacy-pilot-program-goesnational/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/585668?contextCategoryId=40159; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Modern+Medicine+Now/Green-pharmacy-pilot-program-goesnational/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/585668?contextCategoryId=47460. Gebhart F. "Controlled-substance disposal: DEA wants to make it easier." Drug Topics 2009, 1 March; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Modern+Medicine+Now/Controlled-substance-disposal-DEA-wants-to-makeit/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/585672. Gebhart F. "Hospitals at risk for hazardous pharmaceutical waste violations." Drug Topics 2012, 15 March; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Modern+Medicine+Now/Hospitals-at-risk-for-hazardous-pharmaceuticalwas/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/764141?contextCategoryId=40159. Gebhart F. "More Rx-to-OTC switches on the horizon?: As they happen, pharmacists will be ready to help patients." Drug Topics 2015, July; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drug-topics/news/more-rx-otc-switches-horizon?page=0,0. Gehler MG, Rota M, and Hersberger KE. "[Return of unused drugs to pharmacies]." Schweizerische Rundschau für Medizin Praxis 1998, 87(43):14411443; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9844489. Geib A-J, Babu K, Ewald MB, and Boyer EW. "Adverse effects in children after unintentional buprenorphine exposure." Pediatrics 2006, 118(4):17461751; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-0948. Geiselman B, "A prescription for headaches." Waste & Recycling News, 2002, 10 June: http://www.wasterecyclingnews.com/arcshow.html? id=02061001401&query1=health+care&bool=AND&query2=headaches&maxfiles=10&start=0&fromm=&fromy=2002&tom=&toy=2002. Gellad WF, Grenard J, and McGlynn EA. "A Review of Barriers to Medication Adherence: A Framework for Driving Policy Options." RAND Health, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, 2009, 66 pp; available: http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR765/; http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/2009/RAND_TR765.pdf.

Gerhardt A. 2012, "How to Dispose of Your Medicine Cabinet Contents." DrG's MediSense Newsletter, Healthy Choices for Mind and Body, Sacramento, CA, 3 pp; http://www.healthychoicesformindandbody.org/MediSense_Article12081.asp. Geurts MGJ, de Boer W, de Graaf JS, and van Ginkel CG. "Environmental exposure assessment of ethinyl estradiol (EE) from a combined hormonal vaginal contraceptive ring after disposal; leaching from landfills." Science of the Total Environment 2007, 377(2-3):366-370; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.02.007. Ghafuri Y and Nabizadeh R. "Composition and quantity of cytotoxic waste from oncology wards: A survey of environmental characterization and source management of medical cytotoxic waste." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 2017, 10(3):438-444; http://bbrc.in/bbrc/2017JulySepPDF/BBRC15_017.pdf. Ghanadzadeh MJ, Rezaei AAA, Rajaei MS, and Faraz AAH. "Disposal and filtration of wastewater in hospitals or Markazi Province in 2009." Akak Medical University Journal (AMUJ) 2010, 13(3(52)):100-108; http://amuj.arakmu.ac.ir/~amuj/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1. Ghorbani F, Salimkhan N, Pakdel S, and Farshi MR. "Methadone Poisoning in Children and some Factors affecting it: A Cross-sectional Study in Tabriz, Northwest of Iran ." International Journal of Pediatrics 2015, 3(4.1):725-731; http://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4456_3.html. Giacomini KM, Krauss RM, Roden DM, Eichelbaum M, Hayden MR, and Nakamura Y. "When good drugs go bad." Nature 2007, 446(7139):975-977; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/446975a. Gibson K. "Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs): Disposal, scientific, and regulatory challenges." Environmental Quality Management 2010, 20(1):39-48; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tqem.20270. Gilchrist A. 2016, "Common Unused Prescription Drugs Pose Serious Dangers." Pharmacy Times, Pharmacy & Healthcare Communications, LLC, Plainsboro, NJ, 16 April, 2 pp; http://www.pharmacytimes.com/news/common-unused-prescription-drugs-pose-serious-dangers. Giles J. "Tamper-proof prescription drugs may halt abuse." New Scientist 2008, June(2662):8-9. Gill L and Portlock J. "Public awareness of the safe storage and disposal of medicines - A survey to aid planning of future campaigns." The Pharmaceutical Journal 1990, 245(Suppl):R15. Gill M, LoVecchio F, and Selden B. "Serotonin Syndrome in a Child after a Single Dose of Fluvoxamine." Annals of Emergency Medicine 1999, 33(4):457459; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(99)70313-6. Gillaspie J. "Oregon Drug Take Back Program: Update from the Oregon Legislature Oregon ACWA." Oregon Association of Clean Water Agencies (ACWA), March 2009; http://depts.clackamas.cc.or.us/wet/zDrug%20Take%20Back%20-%20PNCWA%2003%2009.pdf. Gillbeister D. 2011, "Disposal duties: The proper handling of regulated medical waste." Health Facilities Management, Health Forum, Inc., Chicago, IL, 6 pp; http://www.hfmmagazine.com/hfmmagazine_app/jsp/articledisplay.jsp? dcrpath=HFMMAGAZINE/Article/data/05MAY2011/0511HFM_FEA_ES&domain=HFMMAGAZINE. Gillerman RG and Browning RA. "Drug Use Inefficiency: A Hidden Source of Wasted Health Care Dollars." Anesthesia & Analgesia 2000, 91(4):921-924; http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000001313. Gillies H. "A responsible attitude to waste disposal." In Practice 2001, 23(1):53-54; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.23.1.53. Gingerich BS. "Disposal of Unused Medications." Home Health Care Management & Practice 2007, 20(1):80-81; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1084822307305062. Gjemdal E and Hjorten A. "117 medicine cabinets." Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening [Journal of the Norwegian Medical Association] [Unable to verify citation] 1979, 99:880-883. Gjerani E. 2015, "Medical Waste Dumpers Escape Justice in Albania." BalkanInsight, BIRN, 15 November, 2 pp; http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/medical-waste-dumpers-escape-justice-in-albania-11-03-2015. Glassmeyer ST, Hinchey EK, Boehme SE, Daughton CG, Ruhoy IS, Conerly O, et al. "Disposal practices for unwanted residential medications in the United States." Environment International 2009, 35(3):566-572; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2008.10.007; http://www.hamiltonharbour.ca/documents/Disposalofdrugspaper.pdf; http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Susan_Glassmeyer/publication/222422034_Disposal_practices_for_unwanted_residential_medications_in_the_U nited_States/links/02e7e5177d658ae17e000000.pdf Glatstein M, Finkelstein Y, and Scolnik D. "Accidental Methadone Ingestion in an Infant: Case Report and Review of the Literature." Pediatric Emergency Care 2009, 25(2):109-111; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e318196faff. Glatstein M, Sulowski C, Waisburg C, Koren G, and Garcia-Bournissen F. "Severe Extrapiramidal Symptoms after Nonintentional Risperidone Exposure in a Child: Case Report and Review of the Literature." American Journal of Therapeutics 2011, 18(6):e271-e273; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MJT.0b013e3181debe49. GlaxoSmithKline. "Global Public Policy Issues: GlaxoSmithKline’s Position - Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, Middlesex, UK, January, 2006, 7 pp; available: http://www.gsk.com/policies/GSK-on-pharmaceuticals-in-environment.pdf.

GLCW. "The Yellow Jug Old Drugs Program documentary." Great Lakes Clean Water Organization, 8 November 2013; https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=oy4zgVtNPbo. Glenn L. "Pick Your Poison: What's New in Poison Control for the Preschooler." Journal of Pediatric Nursing 2015, 30(2):395-401; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2014.10.009. Glenza J. 2016, "US child opioid overdoses increased over past two decades, research finds. America’s opioid crisis has taken a top slot as a public health concern a little more than a year after the FDA approved Oxycontin for use among children." theguardian, Guardian News and Media Limited, New York, NY, 31 October, 6 pp; https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/oct/31/children-opioid-overdose-oxycontin-fda. Glickman P. 2016, "LA Supes criticize industry's drug take-back efforts." 89.3KPCC, Southern California Public Radio, Pasadena, CA, 19 October, 3 pp; http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/10/19/65691/2-la-supes-criticize-industry-s-drug-take-back-eff/. Gober B, Lathrop S, and Irvine R. "The frequency of herbal medications and supplements in a series of medical examiner scene investigations." Albuquerque, NM, 2 July, 2008, 18 pp; available: http://hdl.handle.net/1928/6740. Goel A and Aggarwal P. "Camphor -- A Lesser-known Killer." Southern Medical Journal 2007, 100(2):134; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.smj.0000254202.13518.f3. Gold D. "Uncharitable Donations?" GMHC Treatment Issues 1995, 9(1):10; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11367377. Gold K and Schumann J. "Dangers of Used Sharps in Household Trash: Implications for Home Care." Home Healthcare Nurse 2007, 25(9):602-607; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NHH.0000296119.71814.f7. Gold NA and Bithoney WG. "Methemoglobinemia due to ingestion of at most three pills of pyridium in a 2-year-old: case report and review." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2003, 25(2):143-148; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0736-4679(03)00162-8. Goldbart A, Press J, Sofer S, and Kapelushnik J. "Near fatal acute colchicine intoxication in a child. A case report." European Journal of Pediatrics 2000, 159(12):895-897; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008364. Goldberg LA. "A hoard of capsules illustrating patient non-compliance." The Lancet 1977, 309(8011):601; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S01406736(77)92028-1. Golder Associates. "Final Report Disposal of Unused Medicines in Subtitle D Landfills [note: citation could not be verified]." Cherry Hill, N.J., June, 2004. Goldman L and Epstein AM. "Improving Adherence — Money Isn't the Only Thing." New England Journal of Medicine 2011, November:1-2; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe1111558. Goldsworthy RC, Schwartz NC, and Mayhorn CB. "Beyond Abuse and Exposure: Framing the Impact of Prescription-Medication Sharing." American Journal of Public Health 2008, 98(6):1115-1121; http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2007.123257. Golightly LK, Smolinske SC, Kulig KW, and et al. "Clinical effects of accidental levothyroxine ingestion in children." American Journal of Diseases of Children 1987, 141(9):1025-1027; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1987.04460090102039. GoLocalProv News Team. 2012, "Tassoni Calls for Safe Disposal of Potentially Toxic Human Waste." GoLocalProv News, GoLocalProv, 13 April, 3 pp; http://www.golocalprov.com/news/new-tassoni-calls-for-safe-disposal-of-potentially-toxic-human-waste/. Gonzalez J, Orero A, and Prieto J. "Almacenamiento de antibioé ticos en los hogares espanã oles [Storage of antibiotics in Spanish households]." Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia [Spanish Journal of Chemotherapy] 2006, 19(3):275-285; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17099796? ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum&log$=freejr; http://seq.es/seq/0214-3429/19/3/Original_J_Gonzalez.pdf. Gonzalez L. "Proper drug disposal for long term care facilities." Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO, 5 August 2013; http://www.colorado.gov/cs/Satellite?blobcol=urldata&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition&blobheadername2=ContentType&blobheadervalue1=inline%3B+filename%3D%22Proper+Drug+Disposal+for+Long+Term+Care+Facilities+.pdf %22&blobheadervalue2=application%2Fpdf&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1251871715425&ssbinary=true. Good MI and Shader RI. "Lethality and Behavioral Side Effects of Chloroquine." Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 1982, 2(1):40-47; http://journals.lww.com/psychopharmacology/Fulltext/1982/02000/Lethality_and_Behavioral_Side_Effects_of.5.aspx. Good Drug Donations Practice "Guide for improving the quality of drug donations." Web Page maintained by Wemos Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1999, http://www.drugdonations.org/eng/eng_gooddonationpractice.html. Good Drug Donations Practice. "Examples of (in)appropriate drug donations." Year Unknown, 2 pp; available: http://www.drugdonations.org/eng/richtlijnen/eng_geneesmiddelendonatiesvoor.html. Goodman B "No Free Lunch." Web Page maintained by Corporation for Non-Promotion-Based Medicine, New York, New York, 2010, http://www.nofreelunch.org/aboutus.htm; http://www.nofreelunch.org/whatsnew.htm; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Free_Lunch_ %28organization%29. Goodnough A. 2011, "Pharmacies Besieged by Addicted Thieves." The New York Times, The New York Times Company, New York, NY, 6 February, 4 pp; http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/07/us/07pharmacies.html.

Goodsell SS and Goodsell RP. "Method and apparatus for home medication disposal." Patent Application: 2012, 5 pp; https://www.google.com/patents/US9035121. Goody A, Apostol A, Cleymaet AM, and Hagopian M. "Procuring Free State-of-the-Art Health Care Supplies for Wildlife Rehabilitation." Journal of Wildlife Rehabilitation 2008, 29(1):18-25; http://www.threeringranch.org/articles/wound_care.pdf. Google Groups "Medication Disposal Programs." 2009, http://groups.google.com/group/meddisposal. Gorard DA. "Escalating polypharmacy." QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 2006, 99(11):797-800; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcl109. Gordon S. 2013, "Toddlers Can Die from Swallowing Parents' Drug Detox Meds: Buprenorphine responsible for 2,380 poison cases, 4 deaths in less than 3 years, study found." HealthDay, Norwalk, CT, 29 August, 3 pp; http://consumer.healthday.com/mental-health-information-25/addiction-news-6/forkids-accidentally-swallowing-detox-drug-can-be-fatal-679676.html. Gorenstein D. 2016, "Bad packaging means $3b in drugs will be wasted this year." Marketplace, American Public Media, Los Angeles, CA, 1 March, 2 pp; http://www.marketplace.org/2016/02/29/health-care/bad-packaging-means-3b-drugs-will-be-wasted-year. Gorman JA. "Drugs in our water: a legal proposal for responsible nationwide pharmaceutical consumption." Journal of Land Use and Environmental Law 2010, 26(1):147-178; https://litigation-essentials.lexisnexis.com/webcd/app?action=DocumentDisplay&crawlid=1&doctype=cite&docid=26+J. +Land+Use+%26+Envtl.+Law+147&srctype=smi&srcid=3B15&key=558f4b74da805b4e78886e406260981c. Gothwal R and Shashidhar. "Occurrence of High Levels of Fluoroquinolones in Aquatic Environment due to Effluent Discharges from Bulk Drug Manufacturers." Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste 2016, 05016003:108; http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HZ.2153-5515.0000346; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308083295_Occurrence_of_High_Levels_of_Fluoroquinolones_in_Aquatic_Environment_due_to_Effluent_Dis charges_from_Bulk_Drug_Manufacturers. Gottlieb E. "Letter to to DEA Division Director Arnold regarding medication take backs and DEA Final Rule on Controlled Substances for the Secure and Responsible Drug Disposal Act of 2010." Ithaca Area Wastewater Treatment Facility, Ithaca, NY, 26 February, 2015, 3 pp. Goö tz K, Benzing C, Deffner J, Keil F, Unter Mitarbeit von Birzle-Harder B, Strelau L, et al. "Handbuch: Kommunikationsstrategien zur Schaö rfung des Umweltbewusstseins im Umgang mit Arzneimitteln [Manual: communication strategies to raise environmental awareness in dealing with drugs]." Institut fuö r sozial-oö kologische Forschung (ISOE), Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2011, 74 pp; available: http://www.isoe.de/fileadmin/redaktion/Downloads/Risikoanalyse/st-16-isoe-2011.pdf. Goö tz K and Deffner J. "Options for a More Environmentally Friendly Handling of Pharmaceuticals." in Green and Sustainable Pharmacy, Kuö mmerer K and Hempel M, Eds., Springer-Verlag; Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2010, Chapter 10, pp 149-163; doi:10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_10; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_10. Goö tz K and Florian K. "Drug disposal in private households: Does the disposal of pharmaceuticals via domestic sanitary devices contribute to water contamination? [Medikamentenentsorgung in privaten Haushalten: Ein Faktor bei der Gewasserbelastung mit Arzneimittelwirkstoffen?]." Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung 2007, 19(3):180-188; http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/uwsf2007.07.201. Government of Canada "Safe disposal of prescription drugs." Web Page maintained by Government of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2014, http://www.healthycanadians.gc.ca/drugs-products-medicaments-produits/drugs-medicaments/disposal-defaire-eng.php#s1a. Gracia-Vaé squez S, Ramíérez-Lara E, Camacho-Mora I, Cantué -Caé rdenas L, Gracia-Vaé squez Y, Esquivel-Ferrinã o P, et al. "An analysis of unused and expired medications in Mexican households." International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy 2015, 37(1):121-126; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-0048-1. Graham JD and Hitchens RA. "Trends in hospitalized accidental poisoning." British Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine 1968, 22(1):55-58; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1059113/. Grainger-Rousseau T-J, Fielding DW, Smith MA, Daws D, and Desrosiers D. "What’s left in the medicine cabinet? the British Columbia EnviRx Project." Pharmacotherapy 1999, 19(4):527. Grannis AB. "Letter regarding PPCPs in Water from State of New York to Benjamin H. Grumbles, Assistant Administrator, Office of Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency." Commissioner, State of New York, Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, NY, 2008. 4 pp; http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/administration_pdf/grumbles508.pdf. Grant P. "Return of waste medicines to a community pharmacy." Prescriber 2001, 12(4):29-38. Grass E and Lalande F. "Enqueê te sur le dispositif de recyclage des meé dicaments [Survey on the drug recycling program "Cyclamed"]." General Inspection of Social Affairs, General Inspection of Social Affairs, Ed., Paris, FR, 2005, 141 pp; available: http://lesrapports.ladocumentationfrancaise.fr/BRP/054000106/0000.pdf; http://www.remed.org/rapport-IGAS-cyclamed.pdf. Grassley EU "Evaluation of Drug Take Back Programs in Federal Anti-opioid Abuse Report." Washington, DC, 2017, https://www.grassley.senate.gov/news/news-releases/grassley-ernst-urge-evaluation-drug-take-back-programs-federal-anti-opioid-abuse. Grasso C, et al. "Secure medicine return in Washington State, the PH:ARM Pilot: pharmaceuticals from households: a return mechanism (revised March 2010)." Collaboration of Washington local and state governments, businesses and non-profit organizations, Seattle, WA, December, 2009, 60 pp; available: http://www.medicinereturn.com/resources/pharm-report/mar2010pharmareport.pdf; (Executive Summary):

http://www.lhwmp.org/home/HHW/documents/PHARM_2009_Exec_Summary_Web_Version.pdf; (appendices): http://www.lhwmp.org/home/HHW/documents/Dec09PHARMReportFINALAppendicesShort.pdf. Grasso C, et al. "The Ph:arm Pilot - Pharmaceuticals from households: A return mechanism (Executive Summary)." Local Hazardous Waste Management Program in King County, Seattle, WA, 2010, 4 pp; available: http://www.lhwmp.org/home/HHW/documents/PHARM_2009_Exec_Summary_Web_Version.pdf. Grasso C and Galvin D. "The Medicine Return Project in Washington State." Generations 2010, 33(4):92-94; http://generations.metapress.com/content/e115x7m84h522u39/. Gray C. 2017, "House Health Passes Bill Implementing Drug Take-Back Kiosk Network." The Lund Report, [email protected], Portland, OR, 11 April, 3 pp; https://www.thelundreport.org/content/house-health-passes-bill-implementing-drug-take-back-kiosk-network. Gray J, Hagemeier N, Brooks B, and Alamian A. "Prescription Disposal Practices: A 2-Year Ecological Study of Drug Drop Box Donations in Appalachia." American Journal of Public Health 2015:e1-e6; http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2015.302689. Gray JA and Hagemeier NE. "Prescription drug abuse and DEA-sanctioned drug take-back events: Characteristics and outcomes in rural Appalachia." Archives of Internal Medicine 2012, 172(15):1186-1187; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2012.2374. Gray-Winnett MD, Davis CS, Yokley SG, and Franks AS. "From dispensing to disposal: the role of student pharmacists in medication disposal and the implementation of a take-back program." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2010, 50(5):613-618; http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.09197. Great Lakes Clean Water Organization "Great Lakes Clean Water Organization: Yellow Jug Old Drugs program." 2011, http://www.greatlakescleanwater.org/. Green CF, Crawford V, Bresnen G, and Rowe PH. "A waste walk through clinical pharmacy: how do the ‘seven wastes’ of Lean techniques apply to the practice of clinical pharmacists." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2015, 23(1):21-26; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpp.12106. Green CM. "Charitable donations: Why Donations Are Such a Bad Idea." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2004, 273(7332):515; http://www.pharmaceuticaljournal.com/pj-online-pj-letters-charitable-donations/20013036.article. Green RE, Newton I, and Shultz S. "Diclofenac poisoning as a cause of vulture population declines across the Indian subcontinent." Journal of Applied Ecology 2004, 41(5):793-800; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-8901.2004.00954.x. Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Reserach. "Lack of Medication Adherence Harms Americans’ Health: Results from a U.S. National Survey of Adults." Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Reserach, Washington, DC, 2 May, 2013, 3 pp; available: http://adhereforhealth.org/wpcontent/uploads/pdf/2013PublicPollMemo_CAHC.pdf; http://gqrr.com/articles/Tags/Tag/medication-adherence/. Greene JA and Kesselheim AS. "Why Do the Same Drugs Look Different? Pills, Trade Dress, and Public Health." New England Journal of Medicine 2011, 365(1):83-89; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMhle1101722. Greene SL, Dargan PI, and Jones AL. "Acute poisoning: understanding 90% of cases in a nutshell." Postgraduate Medical Journal 2005, 81(954):204-216; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.2004.024794. GreenPharmEdu "GreenPharmEdu." Web Page maintained by GreenPharmEdu.org, 2011, http://www.greenpharmedu.org/home.php. GreenPharmEdu. 2011, "'GreenPharmEdu': A New Educational Program for Medical Professionals to Reduce the Risks Associated with Unused Drugs." Benzinga.com, Dover, DE, 24 March, 2 pp; http://www.benzinga.com/press-releases/11/03/p948867/greenpharmedu-a-new-educational-programfor-medical-professionals-to-re#ixzz1HWTphBsI. Greg ME. "Confessions of a pharmacy counter-detailer." Drug Topics 2011, 155(4):16; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Modern+Medicine+Now/Confessions-of-a-pharmacy-counterdetailer/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/716703?contextCategoryId=47287. Gresham C and Buller SJ. "Pediatric Single-Dose Fatal Ingestions." 2016; http://misc.medscape.com/pi/iphone/medscapeapp/html/A1011108business.html; http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1011108-overview. Gressitt S. "Maine: First US Legislation for Unused Pharmaceutical Returns." US EPA Workshop: Pharmaceuticals in the Environment, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV, 2005, http://es.epa.gov/ncer/publications/workshop/8-232005/Gressitt_0915_d3.pdf. Gressitt S. "Global perspective of the importance of pharmaceutical drug disposal programs." End User Drug Disposal Conference, organized by the Drug Enforcement Administration, Seattle Field Division, Portland District Office, Portland, OR, Maine Benzodiazepine Study Group, 25-26 April, 2006, http://www.umaine.edu/mainecenteronaging/documents/globalperspectives.pdf. Gressitt S. "Statement of Stevan Gressitt, M.D Co-Principal Investigator of U.S. E.P.A. Grant # CH-83336001-0 (Safe Medicine Disposal for ME) before the Special Committee on Aging United States Senate Room 106 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510 Hearing on Prescription Drug Disposal June 30, 2010." Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), Senate Special Committee on Aging, Hearing on Drug Waste and Disposal: When Prescriptions Become Poison, chaired by Sen. Herb Kohl, 30 June, Washington, DC, 2010. 12 pp; http://www.aging.senate.gov/events/hr223sg.pdf.

Griffiths C and Flanagan RJ. "Fatal poisoning with antipsychotic drugs, England and Wales 1993-2002." Journal of Psychopharmacology 2005, 19(6):667674; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881105056658. Griffiths G. "The Safe Disposal of Clinical Waste." Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health 1989, 109(4):125-127; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146642408910900405. Grigoryan L, Haaijer-Ruskamp FM, Burgerhof JG, Mechtler R, Deschepper R, Tambic-Andrasevic A, et al. "Self-medication with antimicrobial drugs in Europe." Emerging Infectious Diseases 2006, 12(3):452-459; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16704784. Grissinger M. "Fentanyl Transdermal Patches: More Protection Needed for Patients and Their Families." Pharmacy and Therapeutics 2009, 34(7):343, 390; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2799102/. Grissinger M. "The “Dirty Dozen”: Twelve Persistent Safety Gaffes That We Need to Resolve." Pharmacy and Therapeutics 2017, 42(4):219-273; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5358676/. Grondahl P. 2012, "Issue behind $30G in unused drugs: Cohoes pharmacist says medical waste may be widespread due to poor oversight of drug programs." timesunion.com, Hearst Communications Inc., 16 March, 2 pp; http://www.timesunion.com/local/article/Issue-behind-30G-in-unuseddrugs-3411017.php. Groom L, Kendrick D, Coupland C, Patel B, and Hippisley-Cox J. "Inequalities in hospital admission rates for unintentional poisoning in young children." Injury Prevention 2006, 12(3):166-170; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2005.011254. Grover CA, Flaherty B, Lung D, and Pageler NM. "Significant Toxicity in a Young Female after Low-Dose Tricyclic Antidepressant Ingestion." Pediatric Emergency Care 2012, 28(10):1066-1069; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e31826cebfb. Grushkin D, "Cargo Theft: The New Highway Robbery. Boosting trucks laden with pharmaceuticals is a low-tech, low-risk road to riches for organized criminals." Bloomberg Businessweek, BusinessWeek, 26 May, 2011, 6 pp; http://www.businessweek.com/print/magazine/content/11_23/b4231072707549.htm. Gu Q, Dillon CF, and Burt VL. "Prescription Drug Use Continues to Increase: U.S. Prescription Drug Data for 2007-2008." CDC, National Center for Health Statistics, Atlanta, Georgia, no 42, September, 2010, 8 pp; available: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db42.htm. Gualtero SM. "Pollution prevention measures for unwanted pharmaceuticals." Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, Industrial Ecology EAEE E4001, December, 2005, 23 pp; available: http://www.seas.columbia.edu/earth/wtert/sofos/Gualtero_IETerm_.pdf. Gugelmann HM and Nelson LS. "The Prescription Opioid Epidemic: Repercussions on Pediatric Emergency Medicine." Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine 2012, 13(4):260-268; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpem.2012.10.002. Guilloux A and Moon S. "Hidden Price Tags: Disease-Specific Drug Donations: Costs and Alternatives." Medecins sans Frontieres, Geneva, Switzerland, February, 2001, 22 pp; available: http://www.deolhonaspatentes.org.br/media/file/Publicacoes/hidden_price_tags.pdf. Guirguis K. "Medications collected for disposal by outreach pharmacists in Australia." Pharmacy World and Science 2010, 32(1):52-58; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-009-9340-x. Gunn JC and Lishman J. "Letters to Editor regarding "Problem of Unused Drugs"." British Medical Journal 1967, 3(5569):863; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.3.5569.863-a. Gunnarsson B and Wennmalm A. "Environmental risk assessment and environmental classification of drugs." in Environment and Pharmaceuticals, Bengtsson B-E, Gunnarsson B, Wall T and Wennmalm AÅ , Eds., Apoteket AB (The National Corporation of Swedish Pharmacies), Stockholm County Council, Stockholm University; Stockholm, Sweden, 2006, Chapter 8, pp 116-124; http://www.janusinfo.se/Global/Miljo_och_lakemedel/lakemed_miljo_eng2007.pdf. Gunnarsson B and Wennmalm A. "Mitigation of Pharmaceutical Outlet into the Environment – Experiences from Sweden." in Pharmaceuticals in the environment - Sources, fate, effects and risks, 3rd edition; Kuö mmerer K, Ed., Springer; Berlin, Germany, 2008, Chapter 30, pp 475-487; doi:10.1007/9783-540-74664-5_30; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74664-5_30. Gunnarsson B and Wennmalm A. "Drug Design Should Involve Consideration of Environmental Risk and Hazard." Letters in Drug Design & Discovery 2008, 5(4):232-235; http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15701800878461994. Gunther, Gottfried, Mosley, Kavanagh, Hunter, Thiele B, et al. 2017, "An Act to amend the public health law, in relation to disposal sites operated by pharmacies." The New York State Senate, Assembly Bill A387B, 2017-2018 Legislative Session, 2 pp; https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2017/a387/amendment/b. Gunzenhauser J "Pharmaceutical Take-Back: a dosage for change. Los Angeles County EPR Pharmaceuticals and Sharps Ordinance." Web Page maintained by County of Los Angeles Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, 2016, http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/pharma.htm. Gupta A and Rahman SZ. "Pharmacoenvironmentology and Environmental Risk: Current status." Journal of Pharmacovigilance and Drug Safety 2015, 12(1):49-51; http://www.journalofsopi.com/images/Articles/11-Pharmacoenvironmentology%20and%20Environmental%20Risk%20-%20Current %20status.pdf. Gurwitz D, Zika E, Hopkins MM, Gaisser S, and Ibarreta D. "Pharmacogenetics in Europe: Barriers and Opportunities." Public Health Genomics 2009, 12(3):134-141; http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000189625.

Gustafsson LL. "Drug & Therapeutics Committees: Concept, experience and capacity to improve use of drugs." Cairo, Egypt, Karolinska Institutet, January, 2005, http://www.janusinfo.se/imcms/servlet/GetDoc?meta_id=7148. Guy E. "Green Pharmacy Toolkit." Teleosis Institute, 2009; http://www.prlog.org/10170753-teleosis-institute-releases-green-pharmacy-toolkit.html. H2E "Pharmaceutical Wastes in Health Care Facilities." Web Page maintained by Hospitals for a Healthy Environment, Lyme, NH, 2010, http://www.h2e-online.org/hazmat/pharma.html; http://www.hercenter.org/hazmat/pharma.cfm. Habermehl K. 2011, "State Reps. Jim Ananich, D-Flint, Joel Johnson, R-Clare, unveil legislation to redistribute unused prescription drugs, improve disposal." The Flint Journal, mlive.com, Flint, MI, 2 pp; http://www.mlive.com/news/flint/index.ssf/2011/10/state_reps_jim_ananich_d-flint.html. Hadley CM and Walson PD. "Pediatric clozapine (Clozaril) ingestion." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1993, 35:338. Hainsworth WC. "Accidental poisoning with naphazoline (privine) hydrochloride." American Journal of Diseases of Children 1948, 75(1):76-80; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1948.02030020083008. Hakkinen M, Launiainen T, Vuori E, and Ojanpera I. "Comparison of fatal poisonings by prescription opioids." Forensic Science International 2012, 222(13):327-331; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.07.011. Halasi S. "Waste not, want not: a guide to appropriate disposal of used, expired or unwanted drugs." Pharmacy Practice 2005, 21(10):34-41. Halberg DL, Smith E, and Sedlacek K. "Effect of Mail-Order Pharmacy Incentives on Prescription Plan Costs." National Community Pharmacists Association (NCPA), Alexandria, VA, 9 October, 2000, 17 pp; available: http://www.ncpanet.org/pdf/leg/uamsmailorderrprt.pdf. Halford B. "Don't Flush: What to Do with Your Unused Pharmaceuticals." Chemical and Engineering News 2008, 86(8):16; http://cen.acs.org/articles/86/i8/Unused-Pharmaceuticals.html. Halford B. "Deuterium switcheroo breathes life into old drugs. Drugmakers juggle isotopes in hopes of achieving novelty, stability, and success." Chemical and Engineering News 2016, 94(27):32-36; http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i27/Deuterium-switcheroo-breathes-life-old.html. Hall AJ, Logan JE, Toblin RL, Kaplan JA, Kraner JC, Bixler D, et al. "Patterns of Abuse among Unintentional Pharmaceutical Overdose Fatalities." Journal of the American Medical Association 2008, 300(22):2613-2620; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2008.802. Hall J. "Medicines optimisation." Primary Health Care 2013, 23(3):22-24; http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc2013.04.23.3.22.e739. Hall KB, Tett SE, and Nissen LM. "Perceptions of the Influence of Prescription Medicine Samples on Prescribing by Family Physicians." Medical Care 2006, 44(4):383-387; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mlr.0000204017.71426.53. Hall P. 2010, "Program set to collect unused drugs." The Intelligencer, phillyBurbs.com, Philadelphia, PA, http://www.phillyburbs.com/information/guide_post/article/312/2010/september/07/program-set-to-collect-unused-drugs.html. Halloran TN, Frewin DB, and Frost BR. "An evaluation of the cost of drug wastage in a South Australian community a pilot study [note: citation could not be verified]." Australian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 1978, 8:84-86. Hambleton L. 2012, "Drugs whose expiration date has passed should generally be avoided, experts say." The Washington Post, The Washington Post Company, Washington, DC, 2 January, 3 pp; http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/drugs-whose-expiration-date-has-passedshould-generally-be-avoided-experts-say/2011/10/31/gIQASXLnWP_story.html. Hamilton RJ and Goldfrank LR. "Poison Center Data and the Pollyanna Phenomenon." Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology 1997, 35(1):21-23; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659709001160. Hamilton S. "Disposal vs Responsible Destruction of Pharmaceutical Waste." SA Pharmaceutical Journal 2009, 76(5):46; http://www.sapj.co.za/index.php/SAPJ/article/viewFile/598/544. Hamm N. "Are EpiPens Still Good After Their Expiration Date?" Drug Topics 2017, 9 May; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/news/are-epipens-still-good-after-their-expiration-date?GUID=984970B3-F8FB-4A01-9AE9-B54CAF67435C&rememberme=1&ts=10052017. Han D. 2013, "Drug disposal responsibility: The need for medication take back programs." The Daily Californian, Berkeley, CA, 17 June, 3 pp; http://www.dailycal.org/2013/06/17/responsibility-of-drug-disposal/. Handley SA and Flanagan RJ. "Drugs and other chemicals involved in fatal poisoning in England and Wales during 2000–2011." Clinical Toxicology 2014, 52(1):1-12; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2013.872791. Hanley M. 2011, "Yorkville deputy police chief accused of stealing medication." The Beacon-News, Sun-Times Media, LLC, Aurora, IL, http://beaconnews.suntimes.com/news/5633616-418/yorkville-deputy-chief-charged-with-stealing-medication.html. Hanley M. 2011, "Accused Yorkville officer takes unpaid leave." The Beacon-News, Sun-Times Media, LLC, Chicago, IL, 5 July, 2 pp; http://beaconnews.suntimes.com/news/6358045-418/accused-yorkville-officer-takes-unpaid-leave.html.

Hansel S, Castegnaro M, Sportouch MH, De Meé o M, Milhavet JC, Laget M, et al. "Chemical degradation of wastes of antineoplastic agents: cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and melphalan." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 1997, 69(2):109-114; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004200050124. Hansen C, Kashani J, Ruck B, and Marcus S. "Analysis and Validation of Putative Substances Involved in Fatal Poisonings." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2012, 8(2):94-100; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13181-011-0191-1. Hanzlick R. "National Association of Medical Examiners Pediatric Toxicology (PedTox) Registry Report 3. Case submission summary and data for acetaminophen, benzene, carboxyhemoglobin, dextromethorphan, ethanol, phenobarbital, and pseudoephedrine." American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 1995, 16(4):270-277; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8599337. Hanzlick R. "National Association of Medical Examiner's Pediatric Toxicology (PedTox) Registry." Toxicology 1996, 107(2):153-158; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-483X(95)03245-B. Hanzlick R, Frost J, and Bennett T. "Pediatric Toxicology Registry." American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 1986, 7(3):256-257; http://journals.lww.com/amjforensicmedicine/Fulltext/1986/07030/Pediatric_Toxicology_Registry.16.aspx. Harangozo A. 2012, "Final Draft of County Drug Disposal Ordinance to Go before Board of Supervisors: District 4 Supervisor Nate Miley plans on presenting the final draft of the ordinance to the Board of Supervisors later this month to be voted on." 3 pp; http://castrovalley.patch.com/articles/final-draft-of-county-wide-drug-disposal-ordinance. Hardwick WE, Jr., King WD, and Palmison PA. "Respiratory depression in a child unintentionally exposed to transdermal fentanyl patch." Southern Medical Journal 1997, 90(9):962-964; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9305315. Hargreaves G, "Clandestine Drug Labs: Chemical Time Bombs." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, April, 2000, 69 4: 1-6 pp; http://www.ncjrs.gov/App/publications/abstract.aspx?ID=182113. Harrington RV. "Pharmaceuticals in disasters." in Disaster Medicine, 2nd edition; Hogan DE and Burstein JL, Eds., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Philadelphia, PA, 2007, Chapter 6, pp 56-63; https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0781762626. Harris DW, Karandikar DS, Spencer MG, Leach RH, Bower AC, and Mander GA. "Returned-medicines campaign in Birmingham." The Lancet 1979, 313(8116):599-601; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(79)91020-1. Harris J. "Clonidine patch toxicity." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 1990, 24(12):1191-1194; https://doi.org/10.1177/106002809002401210. Harrison BR, Peters BG, and Bing MR. "Comparison of surface contamination with cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil using a closed-system drug transfer device versus standard preparation techniques." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2006, 63(18):1736-1744; http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp050258. Harsasim P. "Pharmacies balk at giving donated drugs to patients." Las Vegas Review-Journal, 2011, Stephens Media LLC, 26 June http://www.lvrj.com/news/pharmacies-balk-at-giving-donated-drugs-to-patients-124558809.html. Hart RJ and Marshall FSV. "Wastage of Pharmaceuticals." The Lancet 1976, 308(7997):1239-1240; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(76)91159-4. Hartman S, Noordam K, Maseland M, and van Setten P. "Benign course after acute high dose levothyroxine intoxication in a 3-year-old boy." Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology 2017, 26(3):171-175; http://dx.doi.org/10.1297/cpe.26.171. Harvard Medical School, "Prescription Drug Disposal: Drug disposal may be lead to serious issues." The Harvard Heart Letter, Harvard Health Publications, Harvard Medical School, January, 2006, http://www.health.harvard.edu/press_releases/prescription_drug_disposal. Harvey-Taylor J. "Reducing Pharmaceutical Waste." Marin Medicine 2009, 55(2); http://www.nbcms.org/AboutUs/MarinMedicalSociety/Magazine/TabId/759/language/en-US/PageId/164/marin-medicine-reducingpharmaceutical-waste.aspx. Haselberger MB and Kroner BA. "Drug poisoning in older patients: Preventative and management strategies." Drugs and Aging 1995, 7(4):292-297; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8535056. Haskell SRR, Ormond CJ, Occhipinti LP, and Powers EL. "Waste management: expired drugs." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2003, 223(1):51-52; http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.2003.223.51. Hassanian-Moghaddam H, Hakiminejhad M, Farnaghi F, Mirafzal A, Zamani N, and Kabir A. "Eleven years of children methadone poisoning in a referral center: a review of 453 cases." Journal of opioid management 2017, 13(1):27-36; http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jom.2017.0365; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28345744. Haut C. "Terrible Toxic Tales: 2013 and Beyond." Pediatric Health Care 35th Annual Conference, Boston, MA, 11-14 March, 2014, 11 pp; http://www.napnap.org/Files/2014%20Conference%20Files/Handouts/316-Haut.pdf. Hawkins LC, Edwards JN, and Dargan PI. "Impact of restricting paracetamol pack sizes on paracetamol poisoning in the United Kingdom: a review of the literature." Drug Safety 2007, 30(6):465-479; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-200730060-00002. Hawksworth G, Wright D, and Chrystyn H. "A detailed analysis of the day to day unwanted medicinal products returned to community pharmacies for disposal." Journal of Social and Administrative Pharmacy 1996, 13(4):215-222.

Hayes BD, Klein-Schwartz W, and Doyon S. "Toxicity of Buprenorphine Overdoses in Children." Pediatrics 2008, 121(4):e782-e786; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-1774. Hayes P, Hickey K, Lovell S, and Dugdale AE. "The storage of drugs in homes." Medical Journal of Australia 1976, 1(8):235-236; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1263983. Haynes B. 2011, "Drug companies found liable in hepatitis C infections." Las Vegas Review Journal, Las Vegas Review Journal, Las Vegas, NV, 2 pp; http://www.lvrj.com/news/drug-companies-found-liable-in-hepatitis-c-infections-131301939.html. Hays H, Beuhler MC, Spiller HA, Weber J, Mowry JB, Ryan ML, et al. "Evaluation of toxicity after acute accidental methotrexate ingestions in children under 6 years old: a 16-year multi-center review." Clinical Toxicology 2017, In press; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2017.1349319. Hazra A. "Wastage of drugs by consumers - an unacceptable behavior." Rational Drug Bulletin 2001, 11(4):Editorial, 1-8. HCWH. "EFPIA and Health Care Without Harm Europe (HCWH) - Joint Debate on Pharmaceuticals in the Environment (PIE)." Brussels, Belgium, Health Care Without Harm (HCWH), 24 October, 2014, 16 pp; https://noharm-europe.org/sites/default/files/documents-files/3082/Final%20EFPIA %20HCWH%20Report%20-%20Joint%20Debate%20on%20Pharmaceuticals%20in%20the%20Environment.pdf. HCWH. "Unused Pharmaceuticals Where Do They End Up? A Snapshot of European Collection Schemes." Health Care Without Harm (HCWH), Brussels, Belgium, 2014, 32 pp; available: https://noharm-europe.org/documents/unused-pharmaceuticals-where-do-they-end-snapshot-european-collectionschemes. HCWH Europe. "Preventing damage to the environment from pharmaceuticals: a primer." Health Care Without Harm Europe, 2007, 6 pp; available: http://www.noharm.org/details.cfm?type=document&id=1860. HCWH Europe. "HOW DOCTORS CAN HELP reduce pharmaceutical pollution." Health Care Without Harm (HCWH) Europe, Brussels, Belgium, December, 2014, 7 pp; available: https://noharm-europe.org/sites/default/files/documents-files/3026/HCWH%20Europe%20-%20%20Pharma %20Leaflet%20for%20Doctors.pdf. HCWH US & Canada. 2010, "Green Prescriptions." Health Care Without Harm, 25 January, 2 pp; http://www.noharm.org/us_canada/issues/pharmaceuticals/prescriptions.php. He B-s, Wang J, Liu J, and Hu X-m. "Eco-pharmacovigilance of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Necessity and opportunities." Chemosphere 2017, 181:178-189; http://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.084. Heal the Ocean. "Ocean Wastewater Discharge in the State of California: Report and Inventory." Heal the Ocean, Santa Barbara, CA, 15 March, 2010, 128 pp; available: http://www.healtheocean.org/images/_pages/research/HTO_COWDI.pdf. Health Canada. "Proper Use and Disposal of Medication." It’s Your Health, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2004 (January). http://www.hcsc.gc.ca/iyh-vsv/med/disposal-defaire_e.html; http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/alt_formats/pacrb-dgapcr/pdf/iyh-vsv/med/disposal-defaire-eng.pdf. Health Care Without Harm. "Non-Incineration Medical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Resource for Hospital Administrators, Facility Managers, Health Care Professionals, Environmental Advocates, and Community Members." Health Care Without Harm, Washington, DC, August, 2001, 118 pp; available: http://72.32.87.20/lib/downloads/waste/Non-Incineration_Technologies.pdf. Health Prize Technologies. "Medication Non-Adherence: An Ancient Problem in Need of Modern Solutions." Health Prize Technologies LLC, Norwalk, CT, Year Unkown, 14 pp; available: https://www.healthprize.com/content/sites/default/files/HealthPrizeWhitePaper.pdf. Healthcare Packaging. 2011, "Carefusion Provides Hospital Solution for Sorting and Managing Dangerous Pharmaceutical Waste." Healthcare Packaging, Chicago, IL, 9 August, 2 pp; http://www.healthcarepackaging.com/archives/2011/08/carefusion_provides_hospital_s.php. Healy M. 2013, "Adult prescription growth linked to kids' poisonings: As adult prescription medication use has increased, so have rates of poisonings in children of all ages." USA Today, 3 June, 2 pp; http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/06/03/prescriptions-drugs-poisonings/2377173/. Heckmann R and Bunde-Birouste A. "Drug Donations in Emergencies, the Sri Lankan Post-tsunami Experience." Journal of Humanitarian Assistance 2007, September. Heidemann SM and Sarnaik AP. "Clonidine poisoning in children." Critical Care Medicine 1990, 18(6):618-620; http://journals.lww.com/ccmjournal/Fulltext/1990/06000/Clonidine_poisoning_in_children.8.aspx. Heilprin J. 2011, "UN Probe: Medical Waste Risks Ignored." Time, Time Inc, 14 September, 2 pp; http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2093194,00.html. Heim S, Schwarzbauer J, and Littke R. "Monitoring of waste deposit derived groundwater contamination with organic tracers." Environmental Chemistry Letters 2004, 2(1):21-25; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-003-0054-3. Hemminki E. "Review of literature on the factors affecting drug prescribing." Social Science and Medicine 1975, 9(2):111-115; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037-7856(75)90103-1.

Hemminki K, Kyyroö nen P, and Lindbohm ML. "Spontaneous abortions and malformations in the offspring of nurses exposed to anaesthetic gases, cytostatic drugs, and other potential hazards in hospitals, based on registered information of outcome." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 1985, 39(2):141-147; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1052422/. Henderson K. 2015, "What does the DEA’s final rule mean for veterinary practices?" AVMA@Work, American Veterinary Medical Association, 12 September, 3 pp; http://atwork.avma.org/2014/09/12/what-does-the-deas-final-rule-mean-for-veterinary-practices/. Henderson S. "Survey of unwanted medicines." The Pharmaceutical Journal 1984, 232:603-605. Hendrickson ML. "Statement of Mary L. Hendrickson, Director of Quality & Regulatory Affairs, Capital Returns Inc., d/b/a Genco Pharmaceutical Services, before the Special Committee on Aging, United States Senate." Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), Senate Special Committee on Aging, Hearing on Drug Waste and Disposal: When Prescriptions Become Poison, chaired by Sen. Herb Kohl, 30 June, Washington, DC, 2010. 7 pp; http://www.aging.senate.gov/events/hr223mh.pdf. Hennig-Roshong V, Kim J, Maxwell C, Vaghani S, and Fagan JM. "Pharmaceuticals and the Ecosystem: Keeping the Plant Green through Take Back Programs." Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 2009, 19 pp; available: http://mss3.libraries.rutgers.edu/dlr/outputds.php?pid=rutgerslib:38361&mime=application/pdf&ds=PDF-1; http://mss3.libraries.rutgers.edu/dlr/showfed.php?pid=rutgers-lib:38361. Heé non J. "Vers un statut des pharmaciens responsables d'associations humanitaires? [Towards a status of pharmacists responsible to humanitarian associations?]." Annales Pharmaceutiques Françaises 1992, 50(1):25-32; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1444121. Henry JA. "A fatal toxicity index for antidepressant poisoning." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1989, 80(S354):37-45; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.16000447.1989.tb03045.x. Henry JA, Alexander CA, and Sener EK. "Relative mortality from overdose of antidepressants." British Medical Journal 1995, 310(6974):221-224; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.310.6974.221. Henry K and Harris CR. "Deadly Ingestions." Pediatric Clinics of North America 2006, 53(2):293-315; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2005.09.007. Hensley S. 2014, "Just One Dose Of Many Common Medicines Can Kill A Child." NPR, Washington, DC, 28 February, 5 pp; http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/02/28/283933166/just-one-dose-of-many-common-medicines-can-kill-a-child. Hentschel H, Prasa D, Bergmann I, Enden G, Frimlova G, Just S, et al. "Humane Tierarzneimittelexpositionen im Einzugsbereich des Giftnotrufes Erfurt 2003–2012 [Human Exposures to Veterinary Medicines Reported to the Poisons Information Centre Erfurt from 2003 to 2012]." Das Gesundheitswesen 2014, 76(2):116-118; https://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1364019. HERC "Pharmaceuticals - Hazardous Waste." Web Page maintained by Healthcare Environmental Resource Center (HERC), 2015, http://www.hercenter.org/hazmat/pharma.cfm. HERC "Waste Reduction – Pharmaceuticals." Web Page maintained by Healthcare Environmental Resource Center (HERC), 2015, http://www.hercenter.org/wastereduction/pharmaceuticals.html. Herman CM. 2013, "Secondhand chemo: Cancer drugs help patients, but could they also be endangering caregivers, family members, and the environment?" CommonWealth, Boston, MA, 9 April, 5 pp; http://www.commonwealthmagazine.org/News-and-Features/Features/2013/Spring/003Secondhand-chemo.aspx. Hernandez D. 2016, "Fentanyl disguised as other drugs alarms authorities." The San Diego Union - Tribune, San Diego, CA, 16 April, 2 pp; http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2016/apr/16/fentanyl-smuggling-attempt-raises-concerns/. Heron RJL and Pickering FC. "Health effects of exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs)." Occupational Medicine (Oxford, England) 2003, 53(6):357-362; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqg115. Herring ME, Shah SK, Shah SK, and Gupta AK. "Current Regulations and Modest Proposals regarding Disposal of Unused Opioids and Other Controlled Substances." Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 2008, 108(7):338-343; http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/CurrentRegulationsUnusedOpiods_JAOA.pdf; http://jaoa.org/article.aspx? articleid=2093629. Hertz R. "Accidental ingestion of estrogens by children." Pediatrics 1958, 21(2):203-206; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/21/2/203.short. Hertzog A, Karlstrom A, and Bechtel M. "Accidental amphetamine sulfate poisoning." Journal of the American Medical Association 1943, 121(4):256-257; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1943.62840040002008a. Herwadkar A, Singh N, Anderson C, Korey A, Fowler W, and Banga A. "Development of Disposal Systems for Deactivation of Unused/Residual/Expired Medications." Pharmaceutical Research 2016, 33(1):110-124; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-015-1768-1. Hetterich N, Lauterbach E, Stuö rer A, Weilemann LS, and Lauterbach M. "Toxicity of Antihypertensives in Unintentional Poisoning of Young Children." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2014, 47(2):155-162; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.02.006. HGC. "A Common Framework of Principles for Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing Services." Human Genetics Commission, London, England, August, 2010, 17 pp; available: http://www.hgc.gov.uk/Client/news_item.asp?Newsid=147; http://www.hgc.gov.uk/Client/document.asp?

DocId=280&CAtegoryId=10; http://www.hgc.gov.uk/UploadDocs/DocPub/Document/HGC%20Principles%20for%20DTC%20genetic%20tests%20%20final.pdf. Hickey CN, Mycyk MB, and Wahl MS. "Can a poison center overdose guideline safely reduce pediatric emergency department visits for unintentional βblocker ingestions?" American Journal of Therapeutics 2012, 19(5):346-350; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MJT.0b013e3181ff7aaf. Higgins GL, III, Campbell B, Wallace K, and Talbot S. "Pediatric poisoning from over-the-counter imidazoline-containing products." Annals of Emergency Medicine 1991, 20(6):655-658; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(05)82388-1. Hileman B. "Counterfeit Drugs: Sophisticated technologies and old-fashioned fraud pose risks to the prescription drug supply in the U.S." Chemical and Engineering News 2003, 81(45):36-43; http://pubs.acs.org/cen/coverstory/8145/8145drugs.html. Hinchey EK, Boehme SE, Polansky LY, Goettel RG, Hallesy T, Ritter P, et al. "Strategies for sustainable unwanted medicine collection programs: in communities, in the classroom, and beyond." Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant, Chicago, IL, 2009, 10 pp; available: http://ilrdss.sws.uiuc.edu/pubs/govconf2009/session1c/Malloy.pdf. Hinchliffe A. "Reducing medicines non-adherence: Evidence from the Cochrane library 2004-2013." Public Health Wales NHS Trust., 11 February, 2014, 25 pp; available: http://www2.nphs.wales.nhs.uk:8080/pharmaceuticalphtdocs.nsf/61c1e930f9121fd080256f2a004937ed/2fcd87070e404c0a80257c92005ca170/$F ILE/Reducing%20medicines%20non%20adherence%20%20Evidence%20from%20Cochrane%20library%202004-2013%20version%201%200.pdf. Hirose J, Kondo F, Nakano T, Kobayashi T, Hiro N, Ando Y, et al. "Inactivation of antineoplastics in clinical wastewater by electrolysis." Chemosphere 2005, 60(8):1018-1024; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.01.024. Hirst M, Mills D, Tse S, Levin L, and White D. "Occupational exposure to cyclophosphamide." The Lancet 1984, 323(8370):186-188; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(84)92111-1. Ho J, Jackson R, and Johnson D. "Massive levothyroxine ingestion in a pediatric patient: case report and discussion." Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine 2011, 13(3):165-168; http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/8000.2011.110361. Hobson K. 2011, "More Kids Accidentally Poisoned by Prescription Drugs." The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, Inc., New York, NY, 16 September, 2 pp; http://blogs.wsj.com/health/2011/09/16/more-kids-accidentally-poisoned-by-prescription-drugs/. Hochman ME. "Disposing of Unused Medications: Have We Been Doing it All Wrong?" The American Journal of Medicine 2017, 130(2):115-116; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.08.031. Hoehn JB. "Inappropriate Drug-Donation Practices in Bosnia and Herzegovina." New England Journal of Medicine 1998, 338(20):1472-1473; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199805143382017. Hoffmann U, Kuno S, Franke G, Fusch C, and Haas JP. "Adrenoceptor agonist poisoning after accidental oral ingestion of brimonidine eye drops." Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2004, 5(3):282-285; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.PCC.0000123548.73664.18. Hogan J. 2015, "Head of $79 million pill restocking scam gets prison." WZZM, WZZM 13 ABC, Grand Rapids, MI, 2 pp; http://www.wzzm13.com/story/news/2015/08/27/kentwood-pharmacy-fraud/71278346/. Hogerzeil HV, Couper MR, and Gray R. "Guidelines for drug donations." British Medical Journal 1997, 314(7082):737-740; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.314.7082.737. Hoikka MH, Liisanantti JH, and Dunder T. "Acute poisoning in children under the age of six: a two-decade study of hospital admissions and trends." Acta Paediatrica 2013, 102(7):e329-e333; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.12238. Holaday JW, Rudnic EM, Burnside BA, Schestopol M, Treacy D, Vachon M, et al. "Device for disposal and neutralization of pharmaceutical agent." Patent Application: 2014, 33 pp; http://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/pdfs/US20140187842.pdf. Hollister LE. "Poisoning Due to Chemicals and Drugs." Medical Clinics of North America 1962, 46(2):583-591; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S00257125(16)33742-7. Holm G, Snape J, Murray-Smith R, Talbot J, Taylor D, and Soö rme P. "Implementing Ecopharmacovigilance in Practice: Challenges and Potential Opportunities." Drug Safety 2013, 36(7):533-546; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40264-013-0049-3. Holstege CP, Eldridge DL, and Rowden AK. "Highly Toxic Ingestions: When “Just a Little” Is Far Too Much." Pediatric Emergency Medicine Practice 2005, 2(7):1-16; https://www.ebmedicine.net/topics.php?paction=showTopic&topic_id=138. Holtz S. "There is no “Away”: Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care Products, and Endocrine-disrupting Substances: Emerging Contaminants Detected in Water." Canadian Institute for Environmental Law and Policy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 1-896588-54-9, January, 2006, 82 pp; available: http://www.ec.gc.ca/cppic/En/refView.cfm?refId=2062; http://www.cielap.org/pdf/NoAway.pdf. Hon C-Y. "Healthcare workers and antineoplastic drugs: evaluating the risks and identifying determinants of exposure." Doctoral Dissertation, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 2012. 181 pp; https://circle.ubc.ca/handle/2429/42505. Hon C-Y, Barzan C, and Astrakianakis G. "Identification of Knowledge Gaps regarding Healthcare Workers' Exposure to Antineoplastic Drugs: Review of Literature, North America versus Europe." Safety and Health at Work 2014, 5(4):169-174; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2014.06.001.

Hon C-Y, Teschke K, Chu W, Demers P, and Venners S. "Antineoplastic Drug Contamination of Surfaces Throughout the Hospital Medication System in Canadian Hospitals." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 2013, 10(7):374-383; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2013.789743. Hon C-Y, Teschke K, Demers PA, and Venners S. "Antineoplastic Drug Contamination on the Hands of Employees Working Throughout the Hospital Medication System." Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2014, 58(6):761-770; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/meu019. Hon C-Y, Teschke K, Shen H, Demers PA, and Venners S. "Antineoplastic drug contamination in the urine of Canadian healthcare workers." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 2015, 88(7):933-941; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-015-1026-1. Hon KL, Fung CK, Lee VW, Cheung KL, Wong W, and Leung AKC. "Neurologic and Cardiovascular Complications in Pediatric Life Threatening Imipramine Poisoning." Current Drug Safety 2015, 10(3):261-265; http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574886310666150729125149. Hon KL, Ho JK, Leung TF, Wong Y, Nelson EA, and Fok TF. "Review of children hospitalised for ingestion and poisoning at a tertiary centre." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2005, 34(5):356-361; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16021225. Hoover A and Howell K. 2010, "Rx for health: Engineers design pill that signals it has been swallowed." University of Florida, Gainsville, FL, 31 March, http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-03/uof-rfh033110.php. Hoppe-Roberts JM, Lloyd LM, and Chyka PA. "Poisoning Mortality in the United States: Comparison of National Mortality Statistics and Poison Control Center Reports." Annals of Emergency Medicine 2000, 35(5):440-448; http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mem.2000.105932. Hornaman, Curry, Boyle K, Caltagirone, Davis, Everett, et al. 2012, "Pharmaceutical Stewardship Act: Providing for the collection and disposal of leftover and expired medicines and for penalties." The General Assembly of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg, PA, House Bill No. 2466, Session of 2012, http://www.legis.state.pa.us/CFDOCS/Legis/PN/Public/btCheck.cfm? txtType=HTM&sessYr=2011&sessInd=0&billBody=H&billTyp=B&billNbr=2466&pn=3722. Hornback C. "Comment to John Walters (ONDCP) regarding drug disposal guidance." National Association of Clean Water Agencies (NACWA), Washington, DC, 2 May, 2007, 2 pp; available: http://lists.dep.state.fl.us/pipermail/pharmwaste/attachments/20070508/df6328ad/NACWALettertoWalters_ONDCP_5_2_07-0001.obj. Horowitz R, Mazor SS, Aks SE, and Leikin JB. "Accidental clonidine patch ingestion in a child." American Journal of Therapeutics 2005, 12(3):272-274; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15891273. Houck LK and Hull AJ. 2014, "DEA Issues Final Rule on Controlled Substance Disposal." FDA Law Blog, 14 September, 2 pp; http://www.fdalawblog.net/fda_law_blog_hyman_phelps/2014/09/dea-issues-final-rule-on-controlled-substance-disposal.html. Houskeeper B. "Drug Take-Back Programs: What Will They Solve? Policymakers advocate regulation despite absence of science." Washington Policy Center, Seattle, WA, January, 2009, available: http://www.washingtonpolicy.org/Centers/environment/policynote/DrugTakeBack.pdf. Howard J. 2014, "Pharmaceutical waste: Turning hazard into opportunity." GreenBiz.com, GreenBiz Group Inc., 2 June, 4 pp; http://www.greenbiz.com/blog/2014/06/02/pharmaceutical-waste-management-opportunity. Howarth A. 2014, "Killer drug threat to Scotland’s golden eagles." The Scotsman, Edinburgh, Scotland, 27 May, http://www.scotsman.com/news/environment/killer-drug-threat-to-scotland-s-golden-eagles-1-3423035. Hoy JL, Day LM, Tibballs J, and Ozanne-Smith J. "Unintentional poisoning hospitalisations among young children in Victoria." Injury Prevention 1999, 5(1):31-35; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.5.1.31. HPNA. "Recommendations for Safe Drug Disposal in the Home Setting." Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association (HPNA), Pittsburgh, PA, 2010, 5 pp; available: http://www.hpna.org/DisplayPage.aspx?Title=Drug%20Disposal%20Guidelines. Hristov S, Risticé G, and Djordjevicé A. "Development of model for household pharmaceutical waste management." Working and Living Environmental Protection 2017, 13(2):121-128; http://casopisi.junis.ni.ac.rs/index.php/FUWorkLivEnvProt/article/view/2092; http://casopisi.junis.ni.ac.rs/index.php/FUWorkLivEnvProt/article/download/2092/1562. Hua M, Tang H, and Lai IKW. "Game Theoretic Analysis of Pricing and Cooperative Advertising in a Reverse Supply Chain for Unwanted Medications in Households ." Sustainability 2017, 9(10):1902; http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su9101902. Huang J. 2010, "Drug Collection Events Aim to Keep Unused Prescriptions out of Wrong Hands." The Maine Public Broadcasting Network (MPBN), Bangor, ME, 2 pp; http://www.mpbn.net/Home/tabid/36/ctl/ViewItem/mid/3478/ItemId/12469/Default.aspx. Hubbard ML. "Analysis of the Oregon Stakeholder Drug Take Back Public Policy Process to Reduce Pharmaceutical Pollution in Oregon’s Water Resources." Masters Dissertation, Oregon State University, Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Corvallis, OR, 2007. 64 pp; http://hdl.handle.net/1957/6192. Hubbard ML. "Oregon Pharmaceutical Take Back Stakeholder Group: Final Report." Oregon Association of Clean Water Agencies (OACWA), Portland, OR, 1 July, 2007, 118 pp; available: Executive Summary: http://www.oracwa.org/downloads/drugtakeback-execsum_0907.pdf? PHPSESSID=c0c9fcb7f4725d44923ec5c6; Full Report: http://www.oracwa.org/downloads/drugtakeback-rpt_0907.pdf. Hubbard WK. "Importation of Drugs into the United States." US Food and Drug Administration USFDA, 7 June, 2001, 8 pp; available: http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Testimony/ucm115214.htm.

Hugnet C, Cadore J, Buronfosse F, Pineau X, Mathet T, and Berny P. "Loperamide poisoning in the dog." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1996, 38(1):3133; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8825747. Human Rights Council. 2011, "Report of the Special Rapporteur on the adverse effects of the movement and dumping of toxic and dangerous products and wastes on the enjoyment of human rights, Calin Georgescu." UN General Assembly, Agenda Item 3, Eighteenth Session, 21 pp; http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/18session/A-HRC-18-31_en.pdf. Humphrey J. 2011, "DEA Suspends North Spokane Pharmacy's License." KXLY.com, KXLY, Spokane, WA, 6 April, 1 pp; http://www.kxly.com/news/27459494/detail.html#. Humphreys S. "A waste of ethics: the unjustified disposal of unused medicines." Prescriber 2012, 23(8):24-28; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psb.901. Hunter JR. "Drug Disposal Labeling to Improve Safety: FDA Update on Drug Disposal Labeling Activities." Sixth Annual Maine Benzodiazepine Study Group Conference & Fifth Annual Unused Drug Return Conference, South Portland, ME, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of the Center Director, 10-11 November, 2008, http://www.mainebenzo.org/documents/UpdateonDevelopmentsattheUSFDA_DrugDisposalLabeling.ppt; http://www.mainebenzo.org/2008conference.htm. Hunter TS, Droege M, Marsh WA, and Droege WL. "Effectively managing pharmaceutical returns and waste." Drug Topics 2005, 149(2):36-43; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Safety/CE--Effectively-managing-pharmaceutical-returnsan/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/143476?contextCategoryId=38933. Hunterdon County Democrat (HCD). 2012, "Gov. Christie signs Bateman bill for safe prescription drug disposal." nj.com, New Jersey On-Line LLC, NJ, 19 November, 1 pp; http://www.senatenj.com/index.php/bateman/gov-christie-signs-bateman-bill-for-safe-prescription-drug-disposal/12880; http://www.nj.com/hunterdon-county-democrat/index.ssf/2012/11/gov_christie_signs_bateman_bil.html. Husain T, Farooqi S, Khan M, Humayoon R, and Jabeen S. "Medication Disposal: Household practices in Karachi, Pakistan. Need for a mediation takeback program." The Professional Medical Journal 2017, 24(8):137901375; http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/TPMJ/17.3858. Huston M and Levinson M. "Are one or two dangerous? Quinine and quinidine exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2006, 31(4):395-401; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2006.07.018. Hutchins DCJ and White SM. "Coming round to recycling." British Medical Journal 2009, 338:746-748; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b609. Huybregts J. "Pharmaceuticals and Senate Bill 1757." Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), Water Supply Division, Austin, TX, 2010, 28 pp; available: http://www.dfwinfo.com/envir/SEELT/reduction/PharmaceuticalsandSenateBill1757.pdf. Hyma BA, Vega RS, Judd GC, Krauss RJ, Purdy JS, Thomas JC, et al. "Drugs Identified in Deceased Persons by Florida Medical Examiners - 2008 Interim Report." Medical Examiners Commission, Florida Department of Law Enforcement, November, 2008, 39 pp; available: http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/content/getdoc/036671bc-4148-4749-a891-7e3932e0a483/Publications.aspx. Ibrahim SZ, Mamdouh HM, and El-Haddad IZ. "Analysis of medication returned to community pharmacies in Alexandria, Egypt." Life Science Journal 2012, 9(2):746-751; http://www.lifesciencesite.com/lsj/life0902/110_8971life0902_746_751.pdf. Idaho DEQ. "Pharmaceutical Waste and Disposal: Stakeholder Meetings." Pharmaceutical Waste/Disposal Workshop, Boise, ID, Idaho Department of Environmental Quality, 10 September, 2008, http://www.deq.state.id.us/water/prog_issues/surface_water/pharmaceuticals/stakeholder_meetings.cfm. Idaho DEQ "Pharmaceuticals and the Environment." Web Page maintained by Idaho Department of Environmnetal Quality, Boise, ID, 2010, http://www.deq.state.id.us/water/prog_issues/surface_water/pharmaceuticals/index.cfm. Idaho Office of Drug Policy. "Pharmaceutical Take-Back Program Guide." Idaho Office of Drug Policy, Boise, ID, Year Unknown (2009 or 2010?), 12 pp; available: http://odp.idaho.gov/Prescription%20Drug%20Take-Back%20Program/Pharmaceutical%20Takeback%20Program%20Guide.pdf. Ikehata K, Liu Y, and Sun R. "Health Effects Associated with Wastewater Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal." Water Environment Research 2009, 81(10):2126-2146; http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143009X12445568400773. Ikehata K, Murphy RR, Liu Y, Sun RN, and Nessl MB. "Health Effects Associated with Wastewater Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal." Water Environment Research 2010, 82(10):2047-2066; http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143010X12756668802210. Illinois EPA. "Medication Disposal: Meds with Water, not in Water Summit Conference." University of Illinois, Springfield, IL, 1 October, 2008, http://www.epa.state.il.us/medication-disposal/summit.html. Illinois EPA "Disposal of unwanted or unused pharmaceuticals fact sheet." 2009, http://www.epa.state.il.us/land/hazardous-waste/household-hazwaste/pharmaceuticals-disposal.html. Illinois EPA. "Report of: The Medication Education Disposal Solutions Collaborative (MEDS)." Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, Springfield, IL, December, 2010, 54 pp; available: http://www.epa.state.il.us/medication-disposal/documents/meds-report-2010.pdf. Illinois General Assembly, Arroyo L, Osmond JD, Berrios MA, D'Amico J, Soto C, et al. 2009, "HB3090: Prescription Drug Return." Illinois General Assembly, 97th General Assembly, http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/BillStatus.asp?DocNum=3090&GAID=11&DocTypeID=HB&SessionID=84&GA=97;

http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/fulltext.asp? DocName=&SessionId=84&GA=97&DocTypeId=HB&DocNum=3090&GAID=11&LegID=&SpecSess=&Session=. Illinois General Assembly, Garrett S, Bivins T, Cronin D, and Rutherfort D. 2009, "Bill Status of SB1919: An Act concerning Safety." Illinois General Assembly, 96th General Assembly, http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/BillStatus.asp?DocNum=1919&GAID=10&DocTypeID=SB&SessionID=76&GA=96; http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/BillStatus.asp?DocNum=1919&GAID=10&DocTy. Illinois General Assembly and Osmond JD. 2009, "HB2056: Amendment to House Bill 2056." Illinois General Assembly, 97th General Assembly, 19 pp; http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/fulltext.asp? DocName=09700HB2056&GA=97&SessionId=84&DocTypeId=HB&LegID=59263&DocNum=2056&GAID=11&Session=. Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant "Habitats and Ecosystems, Disposal of Unwanted Medicines: A Resource for Action in Your Community." 2008, http://www.iisgcp.org/unwantedmeds/. Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant. "Disposal of Unwanted Medicines: A Resource for Action in Your Community." Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant College Program, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 14 June, 2010, 3 pp; available: http://www.iisgcp.org/unwantedmeds/. Imperial Valley News. 2008, "Edmonds Pharmacy Manager of the Year Pleads Guilty - Oxycodone, Hydrocodone." 6 November, http://www.imperialvalleynews.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3222&Itemid=1. IN.gov "Unwanted Medicine." Web Page maintained by Source Reduction and Recycling Branch, Office of Pollution Prevention and Technical Assistance, Indiana Department of Environmental Management, Indianapolis, IN, 2010, http://www.in.gov/recycle/6141.htm. Inciardi JA, Surratt HL, Cicero TJ, and Beard RA. "Prescription Opioid Abuse and Diversion in an Urban Community: the Results of an Ultrarapid Assessment." Pain Medicine 2009, 10(3):537-548; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4637.2009.00603.x. Inciardi JA, Surratt HL, Kurtz SP, and Cicero TJ. "Mechanisms of prescription drug diversion among drug-involved club- and street-based populations." Pain Medicine 2007, 8(2):171-183; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4637.2006.00255.x. in-Pharma Technologist.com. 2004, "New shredder makes drug disposal a snip." in-Pharma Technologist.com, Montpellier, France, 3 May, 1 pp; http://www.in-pharmatechnologist.com/Processing-QC/New-shredder-makes-drug-disposal-a-snip. in-pharma Technologist.com. 2005, "Drug and packaging disposal made simple." in-Pharma Technologist.com, Montpellier, France, 4 January, 1 pp; http://www.in-pharmatechnologist.com/Packaging/Drug-and-packaging-disposal-made-simple. InSideEPA. 2009, "Industry urges EPA to align pharmaceutical waste rules with DEA." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 13 February, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/inside-epa/industry-urges-epa-align-pharmaceutical-waste-rules-dea. InSideEPA. 2010, "Hill Conference Talks to Resolve Fate of EPA Study on Drugs in Water." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 27 September, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/daily-news/hill-conference-talks-resolve-fate-epa-study-drugs-water. InSideEPA. 2010, "Pharmaceutical Industry Questions Legality of EPA Drug Disposal Guidance." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 24 November, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/daily-news/pharmaceutical-industry-questions-legality-epa-drug-disposal-guidance. InSideEPA. 2012, "States Move to Streamline Waste Pharmaceutical Disposal as EPA Lags." InsideEPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 21 September, 3 pp; http://insideepa.com/daily-news/states-move-streamline-waste-pharmaceutical-disposal-epa-lags. InSideEPA. 2012, "EPA Pharmaceutical Waste Rule Plans Only Partially Address IG Concerns." InsideEPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 30 May, 3 pp; http://insideepa.com/inside-epa/epa-pharmaceutical-waste-rule-plans-only-partially-address-ig-concerns. InSideEPA. 2012, "Pharmaceutical Groups Charge Product Stewardship Law Unconstitutional." InsideEPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 21 December, 2 pp. InSideEPA. 2013, "DEA Pharmaceutical Rule May Conflict with EPA Hazardous Waste Policies." InsideEPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 25 February, http://insideepa.com/daily-news/dea-pharmaceutical-rule-may-conflict-epa-hazardous-waste-policies. InSideEPA. 2013, "DEA Draft Rule Aims to Ease Consumer Disposal of Waste Pharmaceuticals." InsideEPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 16 January, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/daily-news/dea-draft-rule-aims-ease-consumer-disposal-waste-pharmaceuticals. InSideEPA. 2013, "Commenters Urge Changes to Proposed DEA Waste Pharmaceuticals Rule." InsideEPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 22 February, 1 pp; http://insideepa.com/content/commenters-urge-changes-proposed-dea-waste-pharmaceuticals-rule. InSideEPA. 2013, "Wisconsin Study Calls for Industry to Fund Pharmaceutical Take-Backs." InsideEPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 25 January. InSideEPA. 2013, "EPA Rejects States' Call for New Approach to 'Waste' Medication Handling." InsideEPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/inside-epa/epa-rejects-states-call-new-approach-waste-medication-handling. InSideEPA. 2013, "Industry Seeks to Block Drug Take-Back Plan, Fearing Disposal Precedent." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 11 December, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/node/164066.

InSideEPA. 2014, "Advocates Cite Health Benefits in Bid to Preserve Novel Drug Take-Back Plan." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 18 February, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/environmental-policy-alert/advocates-cite-health-benefits-bid-preserve-novel-drug-takeback-plan. InSideEPA. 2014, "Advocates Highlight Public Health Benefits of Novel Drug Take-Back Plan: PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND MANUFACTURERS OF AMERICA, ET AL., v. ALAMEDA COUNTY, ET AL. on Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of California." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 14 February, http://insideepa.com/index.php?option=com_content&id=2461305. InSideEPA. 2014, "Health Sector Urges EPA to Maintain 'Reverse Distribution' in Waste Review." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 6 May, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/node/169645. Inslee J and Moran J. 2009, "H.R. 1191: Safe Drug Disposal Act of 2009." Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress, 111th US Congress (2009-2010), 7 pp; http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h111-1191. Inslee J, Smith, Stupak, and Moran. 2010, "H.R. 5809: Safe Drug Disposal Act of 2010. to amend the Controlled Substances Act to provide for take-back disposal of controlled substances in certain instances, and for other purposes." Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress, 111th US Congress (2009-2010), 5 pp; http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=h111-5809; http://energycommerce.house.gov/documents/20100722/HR.Safe.Drug.Disposal.Act.2010.pdf; http://energycommerce.house.gov/documents/20100720/Briefing.Memo.he.2010.7.20.pdf; http://energycommerce.house.gov/index.php? option=com_content&view=article&id=2084:subcommittee-hearing-on-pending-public-health-legislation&catid=132:subcommittee-onhealth&Itemid=72. Institute for Social Research "Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of American Youth." Web Page maintained by University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 2010, http://monitoringthefuture.org/. InterCare "Medical Aid for Africa: Donate Medicines." 2010, http://www.intercare.org.uk/donate-medicines. International Agency for Research on Cancer. "Report on the first meeting of the working group on methods for containment, destruction and disposal of carcinogenic waste from laboratories." International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France, IARC technical report no 79 002, 1979. IPA "TakeAway Environmental Return System." Web Page maintained by Iowa Pharmacy Association, Des Moines, Iowa, 2009, http://www.iarx.org/takeaway/. Isacson D and Olofsson C. "Drugs up in smoke: a study of caseated drugs in Sweden." Pharmacy World and Science 1999, 21(2):96-99; http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008626306770. Isbister GK, Balit CR, and Kilham HA. "Antipsychotic Poisoning in Young Children: A Systematic Review." Drug Safety 2005, 28(11):1029-1044; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-200528110-00004. ISMP. "New fentanyl warnings: more needed to protect patients." Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) 2005, 11(6):68; https://www.ismp.org/newsletters/acutecare/articles/20050811.asp. ISMP. "Child dies from misuse of fentanyl patch." Medication Safety Alert (Institute for Safe Medication Practices) 2008, June; http://www.ismp.org/Newsletters/ambulatory/archives/200806_1.asp. ISMP. 2013, "FentaNYL patch fatalities linked to “bystander apathy”. We ALL have a role in prevention!" Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP), Horsham, PA, 8 August, 3 pp; http://www.ismp.org/newsletters/acutecare/showarticle.aspx?id=55. ISPOR. "Bibliography of Medication Compliance: Interventions to enhance medication compliance." ISPOR Medication Compliance Bibliography Group, International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR), Lawrenceville, NJ, Year Unknown, 80 pp; available: http://www.ispor.org/sigs/medcompliance/MCintervention_byauthor.pdf; http://www.ispor.org/sigs/medcompliance/ISPOR%20Med%20Comp %20bibliography-all%20topics%20by%20disease.pdf. Ivanovska V, Rademaker CMA, van Dijk L, and Mantel-Teeuwisse AK. "Pediatric Drug Formulations: A Review of Challenges and Progress." Pediatrics 2014, 134(2):361-372; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-3225. Ivshina IB, Rychkova MI, Vikhareva EV, Chekryshkina LA, and Mishenina II. "Catalysis of the biodegradation of unusable medicines by Alkanotrophic rhodococci." Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology 2006, 42(4):392-395; http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0003683806040090. Izuora GI and Adeoye A. "A seven-year review of accidental poisoning in children at a Military Hospital in Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia." Annals of Saudi Medicine 2001, 21(1-2):13-16; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17264581. Jackman D. 2014, "Installment Eleven: Sustainability within the Pharmaceutical Industry." Studies in Sustainability, MSOE, Milwaukee School of Engineering, Milwaukee, WI, 18 December, 8 pp; http://www.msoe.edu/community/about-msoe/grohmann-museum/studies-insustainability/blog/2014/12/18/installment-eleven-sustainability-within-the-pharmaceutical-industry. Jackson G. "Faking it: the dangers of counterfeit medicine on the internet." International Journal of Clinical Practice 2009, 63(2):181-184; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01989.x. Jackson J, Gillaspie J, and Jackson S. "Pharmaceutical Take-Back Programs: Moving from Local to National." WEFTEC 08 the Water Quality Event: Conference Proceedings, 81st Annual Water Environment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference, Chicago, IL, 18-22 October, 2008, 8339-8350 pp; http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wef/wefproc/2008/00002008/00000007/art00072.

Jackson J, Gillaspie J, and Jackson S. "Pharmaceutical Take-Back Programs: Moving from Local to National. States experiment with a menagerie of medicine take-back programs to reduce microconstituents in water systems." Utility Executive 2009, 12(2):6-9; http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/Utility_Newsletter_on_Drug_Takeback_March_April_09_Final.pdf. Jackson RH, Walker JH, and Wynne NA. "Circumstances of Accidental Poisoning in Childhood." British Medical Journal 1968, 4(5625):245-248; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1912194/. Jacobs H. 2016, "This one-paragraph letter may have launched the opioid epidemic." Business Insider, Business Insider Inc, 26 May, 8 pp; http://www.businessinsider.com/porter-and-jick-letter-launched-the-opioid-epidemic-2016-5. Jacobs JP. 2012, "EPA on track to address pharmaceutical risks -- IG." Greenwire, E & E Publishing, LLC, Washington, DC, 2 pp; http://www.eenews.net/Greenwire/2012/10/09/27. Jacobson BJ, Rock AR, Cohn MS, and Litovitz T. "Accidental ingestions of oral prescription drugs: a multicenter survey." American Journal of Public Health 1989, 79(7):853-856; http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1349665. Jacobziner H. "Accidents—A major child health problem." The Journal of Pediatrics 1955, 46(4):419-436; https://doi.org/10.1016/S00223476(55)80147-3. Jacobziner H. "Accidental chemical poisonings in children." Journal of the American Medical Association 1956, 162(5):454-459; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1956.02970220018005. Jacobziner H. "The Accidental Chemical Poisoning Problem." Postgraduate Medicine 1957, 22(3):283-298; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1957.11691907. Jacobziner H. "Causes, control, and prevention of accidental poisonings." Public Health Reports 1966, 81(1):31-41; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1919756/. Jacobziner H and Raybin HW. "Improper disposal of drugs and household products." New York State Journal of Medicine 1959, 59:3631-3634; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13855972?dopt=Abstract. Jaeger A, Sauder P, Kopferschmitt J, and Flesch F. "Clinical Features and Management of Poisoning due to Antimalarial Drugs." Medical Toxicology and Adverse Drug Experience 1987, 2(4):242-273; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03259868. Jain R and Jain S. "Pros and cons of Pill Splitting: May reduce cost and fine-tune therapy, but is it safe?" Family Practice 2006, 5(12); http://www.jfponline.com/Pages.asp?AID=4589. James L. "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." Canadian Journal of Green Health Care 2010, September:32-33. James TH, Helms ML, and Braund R. "Analysis of Medications Returned to Community Pharmacies." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2009, 43(10):16311635; http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1M209. Jamshed M, Chaudhry I, Ogada DL, Malik RN, Virani MZ, and Giovanni MD. "First evidence that populations of the critically endangered Long-billed Vulture Gyps indicus in Pakistan have increased following the ban of the toxic veterinary drug diclofenac in south Asia." Bird Conservation International 2012, 22(4):389-397; http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0959270912000445. Janes A, Tanguay C, Caron NJ, and Bussieà res J-F. "Environmental Contamination with Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide, and Methotrexate: A Study of 51 Canadian Centres." The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 2015, 68(4):279-289; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4552228/. Jang Y-C, Lee C, Yoon O-S, and Kim H. "Medical waste management in Korea." Journal of Environmental Management 2006, 80(2):107-115; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.08.018. Janssens T. "Antineoplastic drugs in veterinary oncology: excretion in dogs, contamination of the environment and exposure assessment of people at risk [Chemotherapeutica in de veterinaire oncologie: excretie door honden, besmetting van de omgeving en evaluatie van de blootstelling bij mensen die een contactrisico lopen]." Doctoral Dissertation, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands, 2012. 260 pp; http://igiturarchive.library.uu.nl/dissertations/2012-0920-200611/UUindex.html. Jaramillo J. "Web-based data entry for community med take back programs (email)." 2011, 1 pp. Jaramillo J. "Take Back Programs as Part of the Solution to the Prevention of Prescription Drug Abuse." National Association of State Controlled Substances Authorities (NASCSA) 30th Annual Conference, Savannah, GA, Texas Panhandle Poison Center/Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy TTUHSC SOP, 21-24 October, 2014, http://www.nascsa.org/Conference2014/Presentations/jaramillo.pdf. Jaramillo J. "A Poison Prevention Medication Take Back Program: What Do People Bring?" Texas Panhandle Poison Center, Texas Tech University, Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, Year Unknown, 1 pp. Jaramillo J. "Medication Cleanout: From Concept to Completion." Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, Year Unknown; https://www.h-gac.com/community/waste/management/pharmaceuticals/documents/hhw-ws_10-27-09_medication_cleanout.pdf. Jaramillo-Stametz JE, Stewart H, Ochs L, and Payne K. "Multi-state medication take back initiative: Controlled substances collected from 2011 to 2015." Journal of Substance Use 2017, In press; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2017.1337821.

Jarrett AR and Clark JA "Pharmaceutical Disposal and Water Quality: This fact sheet explains the issue of pharmaceuticals in water and how to properly dispose of these products to prevent water quality contamination." Web Page maintained by Penn State Extension, University Park, State College, PA, 2014, http://extension.psu.edu/natural-resources/water/drinking-water/water-testing/pollutants/pharmaceutical-disposal-and-water-quality. Jarvis CI, Seed SM, Silva M, and Sullivan KM. "Educational campaign for proper medication disposal." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2009, 49(1):65-68; http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2009.08032. Jasiné ska M, Karwowski BW, Orszulak-Michalak D, and Kurczewska U. "Stability studies of expired tablets of metoprolol tartrate and propranolol hydrochloride. Part 2. Dissolution study." Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research 2009, 66(6):703-707; http://www.ptfarm.pl/pub/File/acta_pol_2009/6_2009/703-707.pdf; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20050535. Jasiné ska M, Karwowski BW, Orszulak-Michalak D, and Kurczewska U. "Stability studies of expired tablets of metoprolol tartrate and propranolol hydrochloride. Part 1. Content determination." Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research 2009, 66(6):697-702; http://www.ptfarm.pl/pub/File/acta_pol_2009/6_2009/697-701.pdf; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20050534. Jeansonne GB and Gallagher M. "Machine for shredding/collecting drugs and drug packaging incident to permanent disposal." Patent Application: 2010, 8 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7673825.html. Jeffords JM. "Pharmaceutical residues in the water." The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 2011, 9 pp; available: http://www.uvm.edu/~vlrs/Environment/pharmaceuticalresidues.pdf. Jeffrey G and Chen C. 2015, "Drug Disposal Ordinance: Supreme Court Writ Filed." Life Sciences Legal Update, Reed Smith LLP, 21 January, 2 pp; http://www.lifescienceslegalupdate.com/2015/01/articles/legislative-developments/drug-disposal-ordinance-supreme-court-writ-filed/. Jena AB and Goldman DP. "Growing Internet Use May Help Explain the Rise in Prescription Drug Abuse in the United States." Health Affairs 2011, 30(6):1192-1199; http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0155. Jepsen F and Ryan M. "Poisoning in children." Current Paediatrics 2005, 15(7):563-568; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cupe.2005.08.006. Jesson J, Pocock R, and Wilson K. "Reducing medicines waste in the community." Primary Health Care Research & Development 2005, 6(2):117-124; http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1463423605pc2320a. Jesson W "How to Properly Dispose of Medication." Web Page maintained by Highlight Health: Discover the Science of Health, 2010, http://www.highlighthealth.com/eco-friendly/how-to-properly-dispose-of-medication/. Jindal G and Parmar V. "Is it safe to dispense loose iron folic acid tablets?" Indian Journal of Pediatrics 2009, 76(4):437-438; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-009-0132-z. Joenks K. "Improper pharmaceutical disposal and effecting change in environmental health." Iowa Nurses Reporter 2007, (March):4; https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-162621562.html. Joghataee H, Mirakbari SM, Moosavi SS, and Farnaghi F. "Poisoning in children: A study of 1120 poisoned patients younger than 12 Years at Loghman Hakeem Poison Control Center, Tehran, Iran, 2000-2001 ." The Internet Journal of Pediatrics and Neonatology 2002, 2(2):31-38; http://ispub.com/IJPN/2/2/8217. Johnson E. "Disposal of medications from residential consumers - Issues, barriers, and opportunities." Washington State Department of Ecology, Pharmaceuticals from Households: A Return Mechanism (PH:ARM) Pilot Team, Ed., Washington State, November, 2007, 35 pp; available: http://www.govlink.org/hazwaste/publications/Unwanted%20Medications%20Primer12-14-07.pdf. Johnson J, Blount G, Clemons K, and Williams H. "Challenges in Pharmaceutical Waste Management: "First, Do No Harm"." Natural Resources & Environment 2012, 26(4):1-5; http://www.troutmansanders.com/files/Uploads/Documents/reprint_blount.pdf. Johnson L. 2011, "Pill Popping Nation? America’s Growing Addiction." CBN.com, The Christian Broadcasting Network, Virginia Beach, VA, 3 pp; http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/healthscience/2011/July/Prescription-Drugs-Americas-Growing-Addiction/. Johnson LA. 2011, "Prescription-drug prices to plunge as patents expire." The Seattle Times, The Seattle Times Company, Seattle, WA, 3 pp; http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/health/2015720110_generics25.html. Johnson MG. "Tools based on experiences of a community pharmacy providing destruction services for unwanted medications." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2010, 50(3):388-393; http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.09118. Johnson T. 2011, "S-246: The legislation looks to prohibit the improper disposal of prescription medication in New Jersey waterways." 15 February, http://www.njspotlight.com/stories/11/0214/2233/. Joint Commission. "Storing Medications Properly: Complying with Standard MM.03.01.01." Joint Commission: The Source 2008, 6(11):6-7; http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jcaho/jcts/2008/00000006/00000011/art00004. Jones MM and Benrubi ID. "Poison Politics: A Contentious History of Consumer Protection against Dangerous Household Chemicals in the United States." American Journal of Public Health 2013, 103(5):801-812; http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.301066.

Jones Day (representing Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America et al. v. Alameda County, California et al.). 2012, "Challenge to the 'Alameda County Safe Drug Disposal Ordinance'." Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, the Generic Pharmaceutical Association, and the Biotechnology Industry Organization VERSUS Alameda County, California, and Alameda County Department of Environmental Health, filed in United States District Court Northern District of California 7 December, 11 pp. Jonjicé D and Vitale K. "Issues around household pharmaceutical waste disposal through community pharmacies in Croatia." International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy 2014, 36(3):556-563; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-9936-7. Joö nsson A, Holmgren P, and Ahlner J. "Fatal intoxications in a Swedish forensic autopsy material during 1992–2002." Forensic Science International 2004, 143(1):53-59; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.02.010. Joö nsson AK, Spigset O, Tjaö derborn M, Druid H, and Haö gg S. "Fatal drug poisonings in a Swedish general population." BMC Clinical Pharmacology 2009, 9(1):7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6904-9-7. Jordan E. 2014, "Dealing with drug waste in the Corridor: Hospitals struggle to keep drugs from addicts and protect environment." The Gazette, Gazette Communications, Iowa City, Iowa, 2 February, 6 pp; http://thegazette.com/2014/02/02/dealing-with-drug-waste-in-the-corridor/. Joshi P and Ross MP. "Intensive Care of Pediatric Poisoning Cases." in Critical Care Toxicology: Diagnosis and Management of the Critically Poisoned Patient, Brent J, Burkhart K, Dargan P, Hatten B, Megarbane B, Palmer R and White J, Eds., Springer International Publishing; Cham, 2017, pp 205-222; doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17900-1_57; https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17900-1_57. Jowers B, Tinsley J, Hogan T, and Cammilleri J. "Analysis of Health Care Cost and Waste Implications regarding Unused/Discarded Medications of Patients at an Urban Medical Center: the WASTE study." Journal of Health-System Pharmacy Residents 2013, 1(4):1-10. Joyce PD, Olson JL, and Simonsen CB. 2015, "EPA Says "Stop" – Don't Dump Those Drugs down the Drain." mondaq, Mondaq Ltd, 9 September, 5 pp; http://www.mondaq.com/unitedstates/x/425984/Waste+Management/EPA+Says+Stop+Dont+Dump+Those+Drugs+Down+the+Drain. Ju HL and Chow S-C. "An overview of stability studies." Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 1996, 4(2):99-106; https://scholars.duke.edu/display/pub765404; https://www.google.com/#q=overview+of+stability+studies+ju+chow+19961996. Jumbelic MI. "Deaths with Transdermal Fentanyl Patches." American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 2010, 31(1):18-21; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PAF.0b013e31818738b8. Jumbelic MI, Hanzlick R, and Cohle S. "Alkylamine Antihistamine Toxicity and Review of Pediatric Toxicology Registry of the National Association of Medical Examiners: Report 4: Alkylamines." American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 1997, 18(1):65-69; http://journals.lww.com/amjforensicmedicine/Fulltext/1997/03000/Alkylamine_Antihistamine_Toxicity_and_Review_of.12.aspx. Kadam A, Patil S, Patil S, and Tumkur A. "Pharmaceutical Waste Management An Overview ." Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2016, 9(1):2-8; http://ijopp.org/sites/default/files/10.5530ijopp.9.1.2.pdf. Kagashe GA, Makenya FB, and Buma D. "Medicines Wastage at a Tertiary Hospital in Dar Es Salaam Tanzania." Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2014, 4(6):98-102; http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2014.40615. Kahn U, Kruetzer S, Gill J, and Taylor D. "Falsified Medicines and the Global Public’s Health." UCL School of Pharmacy and Matrix Insight, London, UK, November, 2012, 24 pp; available: http://www.ifpma.org/fileadmin/content/Publication/2012/UCL-Matrix_InsightFalsified_Medicines_and_the_Global_Publics_Health.pdf. Kaiser B, Eagan PD, and Shaner H. "Solutions to health care waste: Life-cycle thinking and "green" purchasing." Environmental Health Perspectives 2001, 109(3):205-207; http://www.ehponline.org/docs/2001/109p205-207kaiser/abstract.html. Kaland ME and Klein-Schwartz W. "Comparison of lisdexamfetamine and dextroamphetamine exposures reported to U.S. poison centers." Clinical Toxicology 2015, 53(5):477-485; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2015.1027903. Kallaos J, Wheeler K, Wong C, and Zahller M. "Pharmaceuticals in Wastewater Streams: Disposal Practices and Policy Options in Santa Barbara." Masters Dissertation, Donald Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, Santa Barbara, CA, 2007. 129 pp; http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/research/documents/PharmaceuticalsFinalReport.pdf. Kamanyire R, Kar-Purkayastha I, and Murray V. "Chemical Contamination and the Autopsy." in Essentials of Autopsy Practice, Rutty GN, Ed., Springer London; 2013, Chapter 4, pp 85-108; doi:10.1007/978-0-85729-519-4_4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-519-4_4. Kammin L. "How to Dispose of Unwanted Medicine & Personal Care Products: Rx for Action." 2012, http://web.extension.illinois.edu/unusedmeds/eb258/201208.html. Kampa E. "Proceedings of the expert workshop on the design of instruments to limit pollution from PPs." KNAPPE: Knowledge and Need Assessment on Pharmaceutical Products in Environmental Waters, 2008, 44 pp; available: http://www.ecologic.de/download/projekte/18501899/1878/knappe_d32_proceedings_york_instruments.pdf. Kampa E and Vidaurre R. "Identification of options for the design of future instruments to limit pollution from PPs into water." KNAPPE: Knowledge and Need Assessment on Pharmaceutical Products in Environmental Waters, 2008, 37 pp.

Kampa E, Vidaurre R, and Laaser C. "State-of-art review of policy instruments to limit the discharge of pharmaceutical products into European waters." KNAPPE: Knowledge and Need Assessment on Pharmaceutical Products in Environmental Waters, 2008, 46 pp; available: http://www.knappeeu.org/fichiers/54-D3.1%20State%20of%20Art%20Policy%20instrument.pdf. Kandasamy S, Vivekanand VV, Thangavelu S, and Raman J. "Levothyroxine accidental consumption in children - An upcoming menace to childhood safety." Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2014, 15(4 (Suppl)):178; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.pcc.0000449520.43383.4f Kang AM and Brooks DE. "US Poison Control Center Calls for Infants 6 Months of Age and Younger." Pediatrics 2016, 137(2):220151865; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-1865. Kannan S, Ambriz P, Flores O, Fernandez P, Carrales N, Mata E, et al. "Genesis of Antibiotic Resistance XII: Trifling Role of SMARXT DISPOSAL TM to Mitigate the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance." The FASEB Journal 2016, 30(1, Supplement 853.3); http://www.fasebj.org/content/30/1_Supplement/853.3.abstract. Kansas Department of Health and Environment. "Disposal Options for Expired or Surplus Medications/Pharmaceuticals: Technical Guidance Document SW 07-01." Kansas Department of Health and Environment, Technical Guidance Document SW 07-01, Bureau of Waste Management, Topeka, Kansas, 2007. 2 pp; http://www.kdheks.gov/waste/techguide/sw07-01.pdf. Kaojarern S, Ongphiphadhanakul B, and Pattanaprateep O. "Outpatient drug oversupply at a teaching hospital in Thailand." Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand 2011, 94(9):1061-1068; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21970194. Kapoor D. "Impact of pharmaceutical industries on environment, health and safety ." Journal of Critical Reviews 2015, 2(4):25-30; http://innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/jcr/article/download/7864/3044&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm09y_m6ZI-Bl-P8BDjG74W_HRrrg&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt. Karacabey BN, Demirkol D, Ayguö n F, and Bayraktar S. "Abstract 795: Plasma exchange treatment in a case of colchicine intoxication." Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2014, 15(4, Suppl):178; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.pcc.0000449521.20512.68. Karazsia BT and Schultz MM. "Could Dissemination of Effective Psychotherapies Prevent Antidepressant Contamination of Water and Aquatic Organisms?" Ecopsychology 2016, 8(2):89-95; http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/eco.2015.0078. Karch AM and Karch FE. "When It's Time to Clean out the Medicine Cabinet: Tell your patients that leftover drugs are rarely safe." American Journal of Nursing 2002, 102(2):23; http://www.ajnonline.com/pt/re/ajn/abstract.00000446-20020200000009.htm;jsessionid=LXLFY5W2hPgjZ4wFyGTsG1vkMrLTwLMSYJ9XnqlTHl2mVK2c2Wh5!1167962659!181195628!8091!-1. Kardevandian E and Marcus S. ""Accidental ingestion of sustained release calcium channel blockers in children"." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1998, 40(4):237-238; author reply 238-239; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9682414. Kardish C. 2015, "California's Plan to Curb America's Overmedication of Foster Kids." Governing, Wright's Media, Washington, DC, 16 June, 4 pp; http://www.governing.com/topics/health-human-services/gov-california-psychotropics-foster-kids.html. Karst KR. 2015, "U.S. Supreme Court is Asked to Review First-in-the-Nation Safe Drug Disposal Ordinance." FDA Law Blog, Hyman, Phelps & McNamara, P.C. (HPM), 6 January, 2 pp; http://www.fdalawblog.net/fda_law_blog_hyman_phelps/2015/01/us-supreme-court-is-asked-to-review-first-in-thenation-safe-drug-disposal-ordinance.html. Kashani P, Safari S, Hatamabadi H, Dolatabadi AA, Manouchehrifar M, and Tabrizi MD. "Characteristics of Methadone Intoxicated Children Presenting to Emergency Department; a Cross Sectional Study." Emergency 2017, 5(1):e80; http://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/emergency/article/view/18780. Kasprzyk-Hordern B, Dinsdale RM, and Guwy AJ. "Illicit drugs and pharmaceuticals in the environment – Forensic applications of environmental data, Part 1: Estimation of the usage of drugs in local communities." Environmental Pollution 2009, 157(6):1773-1777; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.03.017. Kastango ES and Smith CA. "Hazardous Drugs: Managing them from Cradle to Grave." Pharmacy OneSource, 5 May 2010; http://pharmacyonesource.com/images/simplifi797/HazardousDrugs.pdf. Katz R. "High-quantity Rxs for controlled substances: Suggested guidelines for prescribers, pharmacies, and patients." Drug Topics 2014, September; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drug-topics/news/rxs-controlled-substances-large-quantities-suggested-guidelines-prescribers-pharmac? page=0,1. Kaufman M, Smolinske S, and Keswick D. "Assessing poisoning risks related to storage of household hazardous materials: using a focus group to improve a survey questionnaire." Environmental Health 2005, 4(1):16; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-4-16. Kaye L. "Safe Medicine Disposal for ME: A way for Maine’s citizens to safely and properly get rid of unused or expired medicine." 2008 International Symposium on Pharmaceuticals in the Home and Environment: Catalysts for change. Sixth Annual Maine Benzodiazepine Study Group Conference & Fifth Annual Unused Drug Return Conference, South Portland, ME, UMaine Center on Aging, 10-11 November 2008, 2008, http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/presentations/2008-she-kaye.pdf. Kaye L. "Safe Medicine Disposal for ME: Findings and Recommendations from Phases I & II." 2009 International Symposium on Pharmaceuticals in the Home and Environment, Northport, ME, US Environmental Protection Agency, 19 October, 2009, 44 pp; http://www.safemeddisposal.com/documents/DisposalPanelKayeCrittenden10-19-09.pdf.

Kaye L, Crittenden J, and Gressitt S. "Reducing prescription drug misuse through the use of a citizen mail-back program in Maine - Safe medicine disposal for ME: a handbook and summary report." The University of Maine, Center on Aging, Bangor, ME, April, 2010, 219 pp; available: http://www.safemeddisposal.com/documents/MailbackProgramReportFINAL.pdf; http://www.epa.gov/aging/RX-report-Exe-Sum/. Kaye L, Crittenden J, and Gressitt S. "Executive Summary: Reducing Prescription Drug Misuse through the Use of a Citizen Mail-Back Program in Maine." US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA Grant # CH-83336001-0, April, 2010, 9 pp; available: http://www.epa.gov/aging/RX-reportExe-Sum/index.html. Kaye LW. "Safe Medicine Disposal for ME." Society for Human Ecology 2008 Annual Conference, Bellingham, WA, 11 September, 2008, 34 pp; http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/presentations/2008-she-kaye.pdf. Kaye LW. "Promoting Environmental Consciousness and Reducing Prescription Drug Misuse through the Use of a Citizen Mail-Back Program." Symposium on Aging and the Environment, Ithaca, NY, 3 February 2009; http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/presentations/2009_0203_reducing_prescription_drugs_misuse.pdf. Kazuki K. "Function and directivity required for container and packaging for the medical supply. Container and packaging of the medical supply considering the disposal." Pharmaceuticals Monthly 2003, 45(11):2007-2012. Keating M. 2011, "Briefcase-sized tool analyzes prescription pills." GOVPRO (Government Product News and Government Procurement), 2 May, 2 pp; http://govpro.com/public_safety/content/Centice-20110502/. Kehoe EG, Vines JK, and Mincarelli JP. "Emerging Contaminants in Rivers and Streams: Regulators sharpen focus on effects of pharmaceuticals and personal care products." New York Law Journal 2007; http://www.kslaw.com/Library/publication/NYLJ_EmergingContaminants.pdf. Keil F. "Invoking the Precautionary Principle: an Integrated Strategy to Reduce the Occurrence of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle." Environmental Risk Assessment of Human and Veterinary Medicines, Hotel Palace, Berlin, Germany, 26 September, 2007, 24 Slides http://www.startproject.de/downloads/ERA_of_Med_Berlin_2007_Keil.pdf. Keil F, Ed., "Humanarzneimittelwirkstoffe: Handlungsmoö glichkeiten zur Verringerung von Gewaö sserbelastungen [Pharmaceuticals for Human Use: Options of Action for Reducing the Contamination of Water Bodies: a Practical Guide]." Strategien zum Umgang mit Arzneimittelwirkstoffen im Trinkwasser (START), Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2008, 51 pp; http://www.start-project.de/downloads/start.pdf; http://www.startproject.de/downloads/start_Practical_Guide.pdf. Keil F. "Pharmaceuticals for Human use: an Integrated Strategy for Reducing the Contamination of Water Bodies." in Green and Sustainable Pharmacy, Kuö mmerer K and Hempel M, Eds., Springer-Verlag; Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2010, Chapter 15, pp 225-241; doi:10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_15; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_15. Keil F, Bechmann G, Kuö mmerer K, and Schramm E. "Systemic risk governance for pharmaceuticals residues in drinking water." GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society 2008, 17(4):355-361; http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/oekom/gaia/2008/00000017/00000004/art00010. Keil F, Benzing C, Deffner J, and Goö tz K "Kommunikationsstrategien zum nachhaltigen Umgang mit Arzneimitteln [Communication strategies for the sustainable use of medicines]." Web Page maintained by Institute for Social-Ecological Research (ISOE), Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2008, http://www.isoe.de/projekte/abgeschlossene-projekte/wasserinfrastruktur-und-risikoanalysen/kommunikation-arzneimittel/. Kelly JC, Wasserman GS, Bernard WD, Schultz C, and Knapp JF. "Chloroquine poisoning in a child." Annals of Emergency Medicine 1990, 19(1):47-50; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(05)82141-9. Kelsey J. 2010, "The Catch-22 of controlled drug regulations." McKnight's Long-Term Care News, Northfield, IL, 21 September, 2 pp; http://www.mcknights.com/the-catch-22-of-controlled-drug-regulations/article/179315/. Kendrick D. "Message 4: “Guard against accidental poisoning”." Archives of Hellenic Medicine 2008, 25(Suppl 1):27-33; http://www.mednet.gr/archives/2008-sup/pdf/27.pdf. Kennedy J and Erb C. "Prescription Noncompliance due to Cost among Adults with Disabilities in the United States." American Journal of Public Health 2002, 92(7):1120-1124; http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.92.7.1120. Kennedy RF, Bickford BJ, and et al. "Letter to Dr. Stephen Ostroff (Acting Commissioner, U.S. Food and Drug Administration) re: FDA Recommendations to Flush Certain Medications and Harmonize Federal Agency Messaging on Safe Medicine Disposal." 22 January, 2016, 12 pp. Kennedy RF, Bickford BJ, and et al. "Letter to Dr. Robert M. Califf (Commissioner, U.S. Food and Drug Administration) re: FDA Recommendations to Flush Certain Medications and Harmonize Federal Agency Messaging on Safe Medicine Disposal." 19 April, 2016, 12 pp. Kennedy T. 2011, "Addict in nurse's scrubs: Drugs 'take over'." The Sacramento Bee, Star Tribune (Minneapolis, Sacramento, CA, 3 pp; http://www.sacbee.com/2011/11/27/4082500/addict-in-nurses-scrubs-drugs.html. Kent DA. "Out of Sight and Locked up Tight: Pediatric pharmaceutical poisoning." BC Medical Journal 2013, 55(1):33, 49; http://www.bcmj.org/bccentre-disease-control/out-sight-and-locked-tight-pediatric-pharmaceutical-poisoning. Kent DA. "Pediatric Pharmaceutical Poisoning ... dangerous & lethal ingestions ..." CSHP Clinical Symposium, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists, 12 September, 2013, http://www.cshpbc.com/events/2013/clinicalsymposium/CSHP_2013_PediatricPharmPoisoning%20(DB).pdf.

Kenyon SL, Ramsey JD, Lee T, Johnston A, and Holt DW. "Analysis for identification in amnesty bin samples from dance venues." Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 2005, 27(6):793-798; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16306857. Kerlikowske RG. "Written Statement for Drug Waste and Disposal: When Prescriptions Become Poison." Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), Senate Special Committee on Aging, Hearing on Drug Waste and Disposal: When Prescriptions Become Poison, chaired by Sen. Herb Kohl, 30 June, Washington, DC, 2010. 13 pp; http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/news/testimony10/06302010_sen_aging.pdf. Kerr TD and Romine LA. "Evaluation of i.v. medication waste." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2012, 69(22):1955-1957; http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp120120 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23135561. Kesselheim AS and Outterson K. "Fighting Antibiotic Resistance: Marrying New Financial Incentives to Meeting Public Health Goals." Health Affairs 2010, 29(9):1689-1696; http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0439. Ketchum BH, Kester DR, and Park PK, Eds., "Ocean dumping of industrial waste, Volume 1978." Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1981, Volume 12, 525 pp; https://books.google.com/books?id=81kYAQAAIAAJ. Kevchenko K. "Discussion: Household Pharmaceutical Disposal Issues." Health and Human Services Committee (HHS Committee), HHS COMMITTEE #1 October 20, Montgomery County Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD, 2011. 43 pp; http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/content/council/pdf/agenda/cm/2011/111020/20111020_HHS1.pdf. Keystone Folding Box Co. "Key-Pak: the Child-resistant, senior-friendly blister card solution." Web Page maintained by Keystone Folding Box Company, Neward, NJ, 2010, http://www.keypakcard.com/; http://www.keypakcard.com/why-blister-vs-bottle.html; http://www.keypakcard.com/key-pakadvantages.html. Khan MA. "Prescription drug products’ stability and expiration dates." UTMB/NASA-JSC Aerospace Medicine Grand Rounds, Houston, TX, US Food and Drug Administration, 27 October, 2009, 27 Slides http://www.dsls.usra.edu/grandrounds/20091027/khan.pdf. Khan MA. "Stability of Repackaged Products." in Pharmaceutical Stability Testing to Support Global Markets, Huynh-Ba K, Ed., Springer; City Unknown, 2010, Chapter 17, pp 123-133; doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0889-6_17; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0889-6_17. Khan U, Bloom RA, Nicell JA, and Laurenson JP. "Risks associated with the environmental release of pharmaceuticals on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration “flush list”." Science of the Total Environment 2017, 609:1023-1040; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.269. Khetan SK and Collins TJ. "Human Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic Environment: A Challenge to Green Chemistry." Chemical Reviews 2007, 107(6):23192364; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr020441w. Khine H, Weiss D, Graber N, Hoffman RS, Esteban-Cruciani N, and Avner JR. "A Cluster of Children with Seizures Caused by Camphor Poisoning." Pediatrics 2009, 123(5):1269-1272; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2008-2097. Kiehm JA. "Policy Development at a Local Level to Mitigate Depositing Endocrine Disruptors into Aquatic Ecosystems." Masters Dissertation, University College University of Denver, Denver, CO, 2008. 57 pp; https://ectd.du.edu/source/uploads/14482702.pdf. Kiffmeyer TK, Kube C, Opiolka S, Schmidt KG, Schoppe G, and Sessink PJM. "Vapor pressures, evaporation behavior and airborne concentrations of hazardous drugs: implications for occupational safety." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2002, 268:331-337; http://forums.pharmacyonesource.com/phos/attachments/phos/pharmacy_ops/3062/1/kiffmeyer.vapour.pdf. Kiffmeyer TK, Tuerk J, Hahn M, Stuetzer H, Hadtstein C, Heinemann A, et al. "Application and Assessment of a Regular Environmental Monitoring of the Antineoplastic Drug Contamination Level in Pharmacies - The MEWIP Project." Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2013, 57(4):444-455; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/mes081. Kikas E. "Reducing environmental impacts of pharmaceutical sector: some opportunities in quality control." Masters Dissertation, University of Tartu, Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemistry, Tartu, Estonia, 2010. 77 pp; http://dspace.utlib.ee/dspace/bitstream/10062/15135/1/kikas_eveli_MA.pdf. Killian CA, Roberge RJ, Krenzelok EP, and Stonage CL. ""Cloniderm" toxicity: Another manifestation of clonidine overdose." Pediatric Emergency Care 1997, 13(5):340-341; http://journals.lww.com/pec-online/Abstract/1997/10000/_Cloniderm__toxicity__Another_manifestation_of.11.aspx; http://www.medscape.com/medline/abstract/9368249. Kim BK. 2017, "This Lab Has Discovered a Way to Print Drugs." labroots, Yorba Linda, CA, 16 November, 2 pp; https://www.labroots.com/trending/health-and-medicine/7339/lab-discovered-print-drugs. Kim H, Jin S, and Lovett A. "Drug Disposal: Addressing Current Drug Disposal Practices and Pharmacovigilance." 2013 Cecil B. Day Research Prize, 23 April, 2013, 8 pp; available: http://hdl.handle.net/10898/1505. Kim HK, Smiddy M, Hoffman RS, and Nelson LS. "Buprenorphine May not be as Safe as You Think: A Pediatric Fatality from Unintentional Exposure." Pediatrics 2012, 130(6):e1700-e1703; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-1342. Kimball E. 2011, "Pharma-waste: Costly Pollution or Untapped Resource?" Triple Pundit people, planet, profit, 3P, 1 September, http://www.triplepundit.com/2011/09/pharma-waste-costly-pollution-untapped-resource/. King AR. "Waste management." Hospital Pharmacy 2011, 46(2):81; http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hpj4602-81.

King D and Lamb A. "Got Drugs? Nebraska MEDS Coalition Takes Action to Protect the Environment and Public Health." The Aquifer 2012, 26(4):1, 8. King D and Lamb A. 2012, "Got Drugs?, Part One." Prairie Fire, Prairie Fire Enterprises, LLC, Lincoln, NE, April, 5 pp; http://www.prairiefirenewspaper.com/2012/04/got-drugs. King LA. "Ferguson's principle and the prediction of fatal drug levels in blood." Human & Experimental Toxicology 1985, 4(3):273-278; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718500400307. King LA and Moffat AC. "A Possible Index of Fatal Drug Toxicity in Humans." Medicine, Science and the Law 1983, 23(3):193-198; https://doi.org/10.1177/002580248302300307. King WD and Palmisano PA. "Ingestion of Prescription Drugs by Children: An Epidemiologic Study." Southern Medical Journal 1989, 82(12):1468-1471; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2595415. King County "Safe, convenient drug take-back law passed by Board of Health: New program will provide a safe medicine disposal system for King County residents." Web Page maintained by King County, Seattle, WA, 2013, http://www.kingcounty.gov/healthservices/health/news/2013/13062001.aspx. King County. "Secure Medicine Return Regulations King County, Washington: Board of Health Chapter 11.50." King County, WA, SMR-090413, 2013, 2 pp; available: http://kingcountysecuremedicinereturn.org/; http://kingcountysecuremedicinereturn.files.wordpress.com/2013/09/secure-medicinereturn-regulations-trifold-handout-4sep13.pdf. Kingsmore L. "The management of post-consumer pharmaceutical waste: A comparison between British Columbia and Ontario Programs." Masters Dissertation, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2013. 162 pp. Kinrys G, Gold AK, and Nierenberg AA. "Proper Drug Disposal: Studying a Solution to Household Prescription and Over-the-Counter Drug Abuse." Journal of Drug Abuse 2016, 2(2:27):1-7; http://drugabuse.imedpub.com/proper-drug-disposal-studying-a-solutionto-household-prescription-andoverthecounter-drug-abuse.php?aid=9749. Kintz P, Jamey C, Martrille L, and Raul J-S. "Colchicine et intoxication peé diatrique : aà propos d’un deé ceà s accidentel et revue de la litteé rature [Colchicine poisoning in pediatric population: About one accidental case and literature review]." Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 2016, 28(1):79-84; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2015.11.004. Kirichek AV, Shmarov LA, Shatrovskii NA, Salomatin EM, and Simonov EA. "[Fatal poisoning with the local anesthetic bupivacaine]." Sudebno Meditsinskaia Ekspertiza 2009, 52(5):37-40; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20058850?dopt=AbstractPlus. Kirschling TE, Ed., "The handbook on storing and securing medications." 2nd Edition, Joint Commission Resources (JCR), Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois, 2009, 224 pp; http://www.jcrinc.com/the-handbook-on-storing-and-securing-medications-second-edition/. Kivistoö JE, Parkkari J, Mattila VM, and Hoppu K. "Poisoning deaths among Finnish children from 1969 to 2003." Acta Pædiatrica 2009, 98(10):16611666; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01408.x; http://www.researchgate.net/publication/26322831_Poisoning_deaths_among_Finnish_children_from_1969_to_2003/file/5046351444652257ae.pdf. Kiyingi KS and Lauwo JA. "Drugs in the home: danger and waste." World Health Forum 1993, 14(4):381-384; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8185788?itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum&ordinalpos=19. Klahn S. "Chemotherapy Safety in Clinical Veterinary Oncology." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 2014, 44(5):941-963; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2014.05.009. Klangsin P and Harding AK. "Medical Waste Treatment and Disposal Methods Used by Hospitals in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 1998, 48(6):516-526; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10473289.1998.10463706. Klaschka U, Liebig M, and Knacker T. "Eco-labelling of shampoos, shower gels and foam baths." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2007, 14(1):24-29; http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2006.02.295. Klatte S, Schaefer H-C, and Hempel M. "Pharmaceuticals in the environment – A short review on options to minimize the exposure of humans, animals and ecosystems." Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 2017, 5:61-66; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2016.07.001. Klein MD. "An unusual cause of clonidine toxicity." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 1991, 9(4):409-410; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2054020. Klein-Schwartz W. "Trends and toxic effects from pediatric clonidine exposures." Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 2002, 156(4):392-396; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.156.4.392. Kleinsinger F. "Working with the Noncompliant Patient." The Permanente Journal 2010, 14(1):54-60; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2912714/. Kleywegt S, Smyth S-A, Parrott J, Schaefer K, Lagaceé E, Payne M, et al. "Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the Canadian environment: research and policy directions." Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada, 5-7 March, 2007, 53 pp; available: http://www.nwri.ca/ppcp-ppsp/pdfs/ppcpppsp_2007-e.pdf; http://www.ec.gc.ca/INRE-NWRI/default.asp?lang=En&n=C00A589F-1; https://www.ec.gc.ca/inre-nwri/default.asp? lang=En&n=C00A589F-1&offset=1&toc=show.

Klick S, Muijselaar PG, Waterval J, Eichinger T, Korn C, Gerding TK, et al. "Toward a Generic Approach for Stress Testing of Drug Substances and Drug Products." Pharmaceutical Technology 2005:48-66; http://images.alfresco.advanstar.com/alfresco_images/pharma/2014/08/22/5cd50f8c-cc0e-425ab94b-66091196f691/article-146294.pdf. Klika KD. "Waste Plastic and Pharmaceuticals, Could an Integrated Solution Help?" Environmental Science & Technology 2013, 47(18):10111-10112; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es403576t. Klobuchar A, Grassley C, and Brown S. 2010, "S. 3397: Secure and Responsible Drug Disposal Act of 2010: to amend the Controlled Substances Act to provide for take-back disposal of controlled substances in certain instances, and for other purposes." In the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress, 111th US Congress (2009-2010), 3 pp; http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s3397/show; http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=s111-3397; http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi? dbname=111_cong_bills&docid=f:s3397enr.txt.pdf. Klobuchar A, Grassley C, and Feinstein D. 2009, "S. 1292: Secure and Responsible Drug Disposal Act of 2009." 111th US Congress (2009-2010), 3 pp; http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=s111-1292. Klupp N, Risser D, Stichenwirth M, Hoö nigschnabl S, Stimpfl T, and Bauer G. "Fatal methadone poisoning of a child." Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 2000, 112(8):365-367; http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/10849943. Knapp Rinella H. "Leftover medication can pose several hazards." Las Vegas Review-Journal, 2012, 8 January 2 pp; http://www.lvrj.com/health/leftover-medication-can-pose-several-hazards-136915178.html. KNAPPE: Knowledge and Need Assessment on Pharmaceutical Products in Environmental Waters. "KNAPPE Workshop Proceedings." Environmental Stewardship of Pharmaceuticals and Policy Instruments, York, UK, 29-30 April, 2008, www.knappe-eu.org. Knight G and Lowe J. "Preparing for External Reviews in Pharmacy and Handling Hazardous Drugs: Session 163." VA eHealth University, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, 2010; www.vehu.va.gov/vehu2010/ppt/163_RPH.pptx. Knight H. "S.F. drug take-back measure up for a vote." SF Gate, San Francisco Chronicle, 2010, Hearst Communications Inc., 22 November http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2010/11/22/MN9U1GDLPT.DTL. Knoblauch JA. 2009, "Making Sure Medications are Good for You--and for the Environment: Pushing for drugs that are "benign by design," Europe is Requiring Environmental Review of New Medications." Scientific American, 4 February, 4 pp; http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm? id=making-sure-medications-are-good-for-environment. Knopper M. "H20, No! Medical Waste in Our Water." Clinician Reviews 2010, 20(3):16-16; http://www.clinicianreviews.com/specialty-focus/publichealth/article/h20-no-medical-waste-in-our-water/15b22c163838a0f19ea6e4f0f7c6c5d3.html?trendmd-shared=1. Knowles RS and Virden JE. "Handling of injectable antineoplastic agents." British Medical Journal 1980, 281(6240):589-591; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.281.6240.589. Kobayashi T, Hirose J, Sano K, Hiro N, Ijiri Y, Takiuchi H, et al. "Evaluation of an electrolysis apparatus for inactivating antineoplastics in clinical wastewater." Chemosphere 2008, 72(4):659-665; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.02.020. Koenig R. "Vulture Research Soars as the Scavengers' Numbers Decline." Science 2006, 312(5780):1591-1592; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.312.5780.1591. Kohl H. "Opening Statement of Senator Herb Kohl Special Committee on Aging Hearing Drug Waste and Disposal: When Prescriptions Become Poison June 30, 2010." Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), Senate Special Committee on Aging, Hearing on Drug Waste and Disposal: When Prescriptions Become Poison, chaired by Sen. Herb Kohl, 30 June, Washington, DC, 2010. 2 pp; http://www.aging.senate.gov/events/hr223hk.pdf. Kolar J, Chybova L, and Holecko D. "[Unused drugs returned to pharmacies. II]." Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie 2001, 50(5):243-248; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11579691. Kolar J, Chybova L, and Holecko D. "[Unused drugs returned to pharmacies. I]." Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie 2001, 50(4):181-187; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11475890. Koliou M, Ioannou C, Andreou K, Petridou A, and Soteriades E. "The epidemiology of childhood poisonings in Cyprus." European Journal of Pediatrics 2010, 169(7):833-838; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-009-1124-8. Kolpin DW. "Pharmaceuticals and Other Chemicals Common in Landfill Waste: Contaminants of emerging concern in fresh leachate from landfills in the conterminuous United States: Environmental Science—Processes and Impacts." U.S. Geological Survey, 2014, available: http://toxics.usgs.gov/highlights/leachate_pharm.html. Kommanaboyina B and Rhodes CT. "Trends in Stability Testing, with Emphasis on Stability during Distribution and Storage." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 1999, 25(7):857-868; http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/DDC-100102246. Kongar E, Haznedaroglu E, Abdelghany O, and Bahtiyar MO. "A novel IT infrastructure for reverse logistics operations of end-of-life pharmaceutical products." Information Technology and Management 2015, 16(1):51-65; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10799-014-0195-z.

Kopp B, Crauste-Manciet S, Guibert A, Mourier W, Guerrault-Moro M-N, Ferrari S, et al. "Environmental and Biological Monitoring of PlatinumContaining Drugs in Two Hospital Pharmacies Using Positive Air Pressure Isolators." Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2013, 57(3):374-383; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/mes073. Kopp S. "Stability Testing of Pharmaceutical Products in a Global Environment." Regulatory Affairs Journal (RAJ Pharma) 2006, May:291-294; http://www.who.int/medicines/areas/quality_safety/quality_assurance/RAJ2006WHOStability.pdf. Koren G. "Medications which can Kill a Toddler with One Tablet or Teaspoonful." Clinical Toxicology 1993, 31(3):407-413; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659309000409. Koshy S. "Disposal of unwanted medications: throw, bury, burn or just ignore?" International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2013, 21(2):131-134; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7174.2012.00249.x. Kotchen M, Kallaos J, Wheeler K, Wong C, and Zahller M. "Pharmaceuticals in wastewater: Behavior, preferences, and willingness to pay for a disposal program." Journal of Environmental Management 2009, 90(3):1476-1482; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.10.002. Kotis D and Gauen K. "Updates and Tips for Pharmaceutical Waste Management." Pharmacy Practice News 2017, October Special Edition:17-20. Kouletsis N and Walsh WJ. 2015, "EPA'S Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals Rules May Impose Significant Burdens on Health Care Facilities - Comment Period Runs until December 24, 2015." JD Supra Business Advisor, JD Supra, LLC, Sausalito, CA, 8 pp; http://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/epa-shazardous-waste-pharmaceuticals-38133/. Koyanagi K, Kubota T, Kobayashi D, Kihara T, Yoshida T, Miisho T, et al. "Prescription factors associated with medication non-adherence in Japan assessed from leftover drugs in the SETSUYAKU-BAG campaign: Focus on oral antidiabetic drugs." Frontiers in Pharmacology 2016, 7(212):1-9; http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00212. Kozak MA, Melton JR, Gernant SA, and Snyder ME. "A needs assessment of unused and expired medication disposal practices: A study from the Medication Safety Research Network of Indiana." Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy 2016, 12(2):336-340; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2015.05.013; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5221553/pdf/nihms836497.pdf. Kramer AM. "Do Medications Really Expire? (article originally published by Richard Altschuler, 9 September 2002)." Medscape General Medicine 2003, 5(3); http://www.rense.com/general29/fom.htm; http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/460159. Kreisberg J. "Greener Pharmacy: Proper medicine disposal protects the environment." Integrative Medicine 2007, 6(4):50-52; http://www.imjournal.com/resources/web_pdfs/0807_kreisberg.pdf. Kreisberg J. "Call to Action: Drugs in Our Water." Integrative Medicine 2008/2009, 7(6):58-59; http://www.imjournal.com/resources/web_pdfs/1208_kreisberg.pdf. Kreisberg J. "Rationale for a focus on reducing pharmaceuticals in the environment." Safe Medicine Disposal Conference, Berkeley, CA, Teleosis Institute, 12 October, 2011, http://www.deq.idaho.gov/water/prog_issues/surface_water/pharmaceuticals/burden_of_pharms_kreisberg.pdf. Kreisberg J. "San Francisco Medicine Waste Characterization Study." Teleosis Institute, Berkeley, CA, 2 August, 2013, 48 pp; available: http://www.sfenvironment.org/sites/default/files/fliers/files/sfe_th_sf_medicine_waste_characterization_study.pdf. Kreisberg J. "Alameda County Safe Medication Disposal Initiative Assessment 2007-2014." Teleosis Institute, Berkeley, CA, 11 July, 2014, 83 pp; available: http://www.teleosis.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/AlamedaCo_SafeMedDisposal_Assessment-Final_h.pdf. Kreisberg J, Ruhoy I, and Zheng C. "Bay Area Medication Disposal Study 2009: An Inventory of Household Pharmaceutical Waste." Teleosis Institute, Berkeley, CA, Version 2.1, 26 October, 2010, 45 pp; available: http://www.teleosis.org/?s=Bay+Area+Medication+Disposal+Study+2009&submit=Go. Kreisberg J and Zheng C. "Managing Unused Pharmaceuticals in a Hospice Setting: A Pilot Study." American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine 2011, 28(8):536-538; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049909111405788. Krigsman K, Melander A, Carlsten A, Ekedahl A, and Nilsson JLG. "Refill non-adherence to repeat prescriptions leads to treatment gaps or to high extra costs." Pharmacy World and Science 2007, 29(1):19-24; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-005-4797-8. Kripalani S, Yao X, and Haynes RB. "Interventions to Enhance Medication Adherence in Chronic Medical Conditions: A Systematic Review." Archives of Internal Medicine 2007, 167(6):540-549; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.167.6.540. Krska J and Avery T. "Do we need citizen medicine?" New Scientist 2011, 2817:32-33; http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21028176.200-citizenmedicine-and-why-we-must-try-it.html?DCMP=OTC-rss&nsref=online-news. Krueger BW and Krueger KA. "Secondary Pentobarbital Poisoning of Wildlife: Pentobarbital-euthanized Carcasses are Poisonous to Scavenging Animals." US Fish and Wildlife Service, Stafford, VA, 2007. http://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/poison.pdf. Kruopieneė J and Dvarionieneė J. "Pharmaceutical Pathways to the Environment in Lithuania." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 2007, 3(41):33-39; http://www1.apini.lt/includes/getfile.php?id=477. Kruopieneė J and Dvarionieneė J. "Management of Environmental Risks in the Life Cycle of Human Pharmaceuticals in Lithuania." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 2010, 52(1):41-47; http://193.219.34.221/dendro-ojs/index.php/erem/article/view/77/0.

Kuehn BM. "Traces of drugs found in drinking water: Health effects unknown, safer disposal urged." Journal of the American Medical Association 2008, 299(17):2011-2013; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.299.17.2011. Kuehn BM. "States Try Medication Recycling Programs." Journal of the American Medical Association 2008, 300(1):28; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.300.1.28. Kuehn BM. "Safety Plan for Opioids Meets Resistance: Opioid-Linked Deaths Continue to Soar." Journal of the American Medical Association 2010, 303(6):495-497; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.71. Kuö hler TC, Andersson M, Carlin G, Johnsson A, and AÅ kerblom L. "Do Biological Medicinal Products Pose a Risk to the Environment? A Current View on Ecopharmacovigilance." Drug Safety 2009, 32(11):995-1000; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/11316540-000000000-00000. Kumar S, Choudhary A, Ali M, Gupta V, Muralidharan J, and Singhi SC. "Sulfonylurea Poisoning in a Healthy Toddler." The Indian Journal of Pediatrics 2017, 84(2):147-149; https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-016-2249-1. Kumar S, Dieveney E, and Dieveney A. "Reverse logistic process control measures for the pharmaceutical industry supply chain." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 2009, 58(2):188-204; http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17410400910928761. Kumar YS, Raja SW, Sunitha J, Azharuddin SM, Raj PCG, Raj SB, et al. "Household survey on rational use of medicines in India." International Journal of Pharmacy & Therapeutics 2013, 4(1):59-69; http://www.academia.edu/3161437/HOUSEHOLD_SURVEY_ON_RATIONAL_USE_OF_MEDICINES_IN_INDIA; http://www.ijptjournal.com/File_Folder/59-69.pdf. Kuö mmerer K. "Strategies for Reducing the Input of Pharmaceuticals into the Environment." in Pharmaceuticals in the environment - Sources, fate, effects and risks, 3rd edition; Kuö mmerer K, Ed., Springer; Berlin, Germany, 2008, Chapter 25, pp 411-418; doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74664-5_25; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74664-5_25. Kuö mmerer K. "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Knowing and Managing the Risks." in A Healthy Future - Pharmaceuticals in a Sustainable Society, collaborative publication of Apoteket AB, MistraPharma, and Stockholm County Council; Stockholm, Sweden, 2009, Chapter 7, pp 124-147; http://www.mistrapharma.se/Homepage/Download-File/f/333233/h/557e63b8a520e26d0da9084cc39c526f/Book+MistraPharma+2008+eng. Kuö mmerer K and Hempel M, Eds., "Green and Sustainable Pharmacy." Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2010, 313 pp; doi:10.1007/978-3642-05199-9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9. Kuö mmerer K, Keil F, Hempel M, and Schaefer H-C. "Sustainable pharmacy." Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung 2009, 21(1):115-117; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12302-008-0029-x. Kuö mmerer K and Velo G. "Ecopharmacology: A New Topic of Importance in Pharmacovigilance." Drug Safety 2006, 29(5):371-373; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-200629050-00001. Kunik BJ. 2009, "Proper Disposal of Unused Pharmaceuticals: an Effective Health Care Weapon." HealthNewsDigest.com, 5 November, 2 pp; http://www.healthnewsdigest.com/news/Guest_Columnist_710/Proper_Disposal_of_Unused_Pharmaceuticals_An_Effective_Health_Care_Weapon.shtm l. Kunik BJ. "Unused Pharmaceuticals: a Waste Management Time Bomb." MSW Management 2009, November-December; http://foresternetwork.com/.../waste/unused-pharmaceuticals-a-waste-management-time-bomb/. Kunik BJ. "Safe disposal of pharmaceuticals a growing concern." Drug Topics 2010, June 15; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Top+News/Safe-disposal-of-pharmaceuticals-a-growingconcern/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/672260?contextCategoryId=40159. Kunik BJ, "Unused Medication and Sharps Disposal." Illinois Municipal Review Magazine, Illinois Municipal Review League, February, 2010, 2 pp; http://www.iml.org/page.cfm?key=4012. Kurta DL, Myers LB, and Krenzelok EP. "*Zolpidem (Ambien): A pediatric case series." Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology 1997, 35(5):453-457; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659709001227. Kuspis DA and Krenzelok EP. "What happens to expired medications? A survey of community medication disposal." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1996, 38(1):48-49; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8825752. Kusserow RP. "Medicare Drug Utilization Review." Ofice of Inspector General (OIG), Office of Evaluation and Inspections (OEI), US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Washington, DC, April, 1989, 72 pp; available: http://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oai-01-88-00980.pdf. Kusserow RP. "Medication Regimens: Causes of Noncompliance." Ofice of Inspector General (OIG), Office of Evaluation and Inspections (OEI), US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Washington, DC, OEI-04-89-89121, June, 1990, 38 pp; available: http://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei04-89-89121.pdf. Kusserow RP. "Symposium on Drug Utilization Review Issues." Ofice of Inspector General (OIG), Office of Evaluation and Inspections (OEI), US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Washington, DC, August, 1990, 24 pp; available: http://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-01-8989010.pdf.

Kusturica M, Sabo A, Tomic Z, Horvat O, and SČ olak Z. "Storage and disposal of unused medications: knowledge, behavior, and attitudes among Serbian people." International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy 2012, 34(4):604-610; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-012-9652-0. Kutsuma N, Yamaura K, Nakayama M, Namiki M, Akiba K, Kimura S, et al. "[Practice for promoting proper use of reusing the leftover medicines in the outpatients of the chronic disease]." Yakugaku Zasshi. Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2004, 124(6):355-364; http://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.124.355. Kyle PB, Spencer JL, Purser CM, and Hume AS. "Drugs detected in suspected pediatric ingestions: a three-year review." Journal of Mississippi State Medical Association 2004, 45(2):35-40; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15024787. L’Acadeé mie nationale de Pharmacie. "Meé dicaments et environnement: Recommandations de l’Acadeé mie nationale de Pharmacie." L’Acadeé mie nationale de Pharmacie, September, 2008, 105 pp; available: http://www.acadpharm.org/dos_public/1_Rapport_Med_Env_version_JMH_def_JPC.pdf. LA County Board of Supervisors. "Letter to PhRMA: Evaluation of Plans for Education and Outreach Campaign, Quarterly Take-Back Days, and Benchmarks and Outcome Measurements." County of Los Angeles Public Health, Baldwin Park, CA, 26 August, 2016, 11 pp; available: http://www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/docs/PharmaceuticalsReviewEvaluation.pdf. Labu ZK and Harun-or-Rashid M. "Evaluation of safe disposal practice of unused medications among the students of World University of Bangladesh (WUB)." South Asian Journal of Population and Health 2016, 9(1):45-55; https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zubair_Labu2/publication/306357812. Lacroix J, Gaudreault P, and Gauthier M. "Admission to a pediatric intensive care unit for poisoning: A review of 105 cases." Critical Care Medicine 1989, 17(8):748-750; http://journals.lww.com/ccmjournal/Fulltext/1989/08000/Admission_to_a_pediatric_intensive_care_unit_for.5.aspx. Laenge R, Steger-Hartmann T, and Schweinfurth H. "The environmental risk assessment of human pharmaceuticals in the overall EU regulatory affairs process." Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 2006, 45(3):223-228; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2006.04.001. Lair M. 2015, "Drug take back program canceled due to funding shortfalls." KFVS, WorldNow and KFVS12, Cape Girardeau, MO, 11 February, 2 pp; http://www.kfvs12.com/story/28088776/drug-take-back-program-canceled-due-to-funding-shortfalls. Lak NSM, Malingre MM, and Hogeman PHG. "Amitriptyline Cream Ingestion in a 1-Year-Old Boy." Pediatrics 2012, 130(4):e1030-e1033; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-3731. Lakhan SE and Yellowlees P. "A Reader and Author Respond to "Green Healthcare"." Medscape Journal of Medicine 2008, 10(8):192; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2562152/. Laliberte B and Kishk OA. "Serotonin Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient After Vilazodone Ingestion." Pediatric Emergency Care 2017, In press; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pec.0000000000001115. Lam PL, Kok SHL, Gambari R, Kok TW, Leung HY, Choi KL, et al. "Evaluation of berberine/bovine serum albumin nanoparticles for liver fibrosis therapy." Green Chemistry 2015, 17(3):1640-1646; http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C4GC01815J. Lamb A. "Pharmacists’ role in safe and legal medication disposal." Bachelor Dissertation, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NB, 2012. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1088&context=envstudtheses. Lamb LA. "Environmental Issues Related to Pharmaceutical Disposal." Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality, Salt Lake City, UT, 2011; http://www.r8pa.com/Downloads/Presentations/2011%20Presentations/Tuesday/Leah%20Ann%20Lamb-Pretreatment %202011%20conference%20presentation.ppt. Lamb LA. "Proper Medication Disposal." Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Salt Lake City, UT, Year Unknown, 46 pp; available: http://health.utah.gov/prescription/pdf/education_pdf/Proper%20Medication%20Disposal%20Program.ppt. Lambert H, Manel J, Bellou A, and el Kouch S. "Morbidity and mortality from acute drug poisoning in France." La Revue du Praticien 1997, 47(7):716720; http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/9183946. Lamireau T, Llanas B, Kennedy A, Fayon M, Penouil F, Faverell-Garrigues J-C, et al. "Epidemiology of poisoning in children: a 7-year survey in a paediatric emergency care unit." European Journal of Emergency Medicine 2002, 9(1):9-14; http://journals.lww.com/euroemergencymed/Fulltext/2002/03000/Epidemiology_of_poisoning_in_children__a_7_year.4.aspx. Lamminpaö aö A and Riihimaö ki V. "Hospitalizations due to poisonings in Finland." Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 1993, 46(1):47-55; http://dx.doi/10.1016/0895-4356(93)90008-O. Landau E. "Tattletale pills, bottles remind you to take your meds." CNN Health, 2010; http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/02/02/pills.medication.compliance/index.html?hpt=Sbin. Landro L. 2011, "Many Pills, Many Not Taken: Tracking Prescriptions with Technology, Personal Touch." The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, Inc., New York, NY, 10 October, 2 pp; http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203388804576616882856318782.html. Landstinget Vaö sternorrland "Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceuticals are designed to affect living organisms, which also means that they can be toxic for animals and nature and are not always biodegradable." Web Page maintained by Landstinget Vaö sternorrland, Haö rnoö sand, Sweden, 2011, http://www.lvn.se/v1/In-english1/In-english/Environment-and-energy/Pharmaceuticals/.

Landstinget Vaö stland. "Kasserade laö kemedel: Socialstyrelsens foö rslag paå aå tgaö rder foö r att minska maö ngden oö verblivna laö kemedel [Discarded medicines: the Board's proposals on measures to reduce the amount of leftover drugs]." 24 August, 2004, available: http://www.ltvastmanland.se/LTVTemplates4/LTV_NewsPage____21948.aspx. Langley C, Marriott J, Mackridge A, and Daniszewski R. "An Analysis of Returned Medicines in Primary Care." Pharmacy World and Science 2005, 27(4):296-299; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-005-0354-8. Larsen AB and Haugbølle LS. "The impact of an automated dose-dispensing scheme on user compliance, medication understanding, and medication stockpiles." Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy 2007, 3(3):265-284; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2006.10.002. Larsen TA, Peters I, Alder A, Maurer REM, and Muncke J. "Re-engineering the toilet for sustainable wastewater management." Environmental Science & Technology 2001, 35(9):192A-197A; http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/journals/esthag-a/35/special/larsen/09larsen.html. Latif A, Pollock K, and Boardman HF. "Medicines use reviews: a potential resource or lost opportunity for general practice?" BMC Family Practice 2013, 14(57); http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2296-14-57. Lau E. 2009, "EPA scales back waste disposal survey." The VIN News Service, 5 March, 1-3 pp; http://news.vin.com/VINNews.aspx?articleId=12411. Lauer G. 2015, "Challenged in Court, Killed in Legislature, Drug Take-Back Taking Root in Counties." California Healthline, California HealthCare Foundation, Sacramento, CA, 30 March, 3 pp; http://www.californiahealthline.org/insight/2015/challenged-in-court-killed-in-legislature-drugtakeback-taking-root-in-counties. Lauer G. 2015, "Local Drug Take-Back Programs Could Be Pre-Empted by State Regulations." California Healthline, California HealthCare Foundation, Sacramento, CA, 2 November, 2 pp; http://www.californiahealthline.org/insight/2015/local-drug-takeback-programs-could-be-preempted-by-stateregulations. Lauer L. "Proposed Addition of Hazardous Pharmaceutical Wastes to the Federal Universal Waste Program." US Environmental Protection Agency, 12 Slides, 2008; http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/presentations/2008_1201_uwr_psi_meeting.pdf. Lauer L. "RCRA and pharmaceutical waste management: A brief federal overview." US Environmental Protection Agency, 22 Slides, 2010; https://www.deq.state.ok.us/lpdnew/HW/PharmaceuticalWaste/RCRAAndPharmaceuticalWasteMan.pdf. Lauer L, Young J, and Fitzgerald K. "Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals: An update from EPA." US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2012; http://www.oracwa.org/documents/EPAPharmsUpdateforRINJuneCall.pdf. Lauer M. "Reducing Health Care's Ecological Footprint." American Journal of Nursing 2009, 109(2):56-58; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NAJ.0000345439.68228.a0. Lauer MF, Kettell BD, and Davis MH. "Environments and Health: Leftover Drugs in the Water Supply: Don't Flush Those Pills!" American Journal of Nursing 2010, 110(8):46-49; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NAJ.0000387692.78241.c9. Launiainen T. "Drug epidemiology, interactions and pharmacogenetics: A post-mortem database study." Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, 2011. 73 pp; http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-10-7111-9. Launiainen T and Ojanperaö I. "Drug concentrations in post-mortem femoral blood compared with therapeutic concentrations in plasma." Drug Testing and Analysis 2014, 6(4):308-316; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dta.1507. Lauro T and Gerry S. "Removing Unused Drugs from the Environment—Westchester County’s “Take Back” Pilot Program." Clearwaters 2008, Fall:44-47; http://nywea.org/clearwaters/08-3-fall/07-RemovingUnusedDrugs.pdf; http://nywea.org/clearwaters/08-3-fall/. Lavine G. "EPA inspections of drug disposal practices can be a learning moment." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2008, 65(6):498-500; doi:10.2146/news080023. Lavonas EJ, Banner W, Bradt P, Bucher-Bartelson B, Brown KR, Rajan P, et al. "Root Causes, Clinical Effects, and Outcomes of Unintentional Exposures to Buprenorphine by Young Children." The Journal of Pediatrics 2013, 163(5):1377-1383.e1373; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.06.058. Law AV, Sakharkar P, Zargarzadeh A, Tai BWB, Hess K, Hata M, et al. "Taking stock of medication wastage: Unused Medications in US Households." Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy 2015, 11(4):571-578; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2014.10.003. Law S. 2012, "Drug disposal advice sometimes down the toilet: Groups, agencies at cross-purposes on take-back plans." Portland Tribune, Pamplin Media Group, Portland, OR, 3 pp; http://portlandtribune.com/news/story.php?story_id=132874111321862100. Lawlor J. 2016, "Maine May Adopt Some of Strictest Prescription Drug Rules in U.S." Governing, Wright's Media, Washington, DC, 3 pp; http://www.governing.com/topics/health-human-services/tns-maine-lepage-painkillers.html. Layfield C. "Doctors urged to prescribe lower medication dosages to reduce patient side effects and protect the environment." 2013, http://web.extension.illinois.edu/unusedmeds/eb258/20130116_6370.html; http://web.extension.illinois.edu/unusedmeds/eb258/category_131.html. Lazarus D. 2012, "Target, Rite Aid, Walgreens refill drugs without OK, patients say: Some consumers report Target, Rite Aid and Walgreens have refilled their prescription drugs without their approval, similar to allegations involving CVS." latimes.com, Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles, CA, 2 pp; http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-lazarus-20121023,0,2964118,print.column.

Lazzaretti C and Schneider VE. "Modelo de logíéstica reversa de resíéduos farmaceê uticos de estabelecimentos de saué de e residenciais do municíépio de Caxias do Sul [Reverse logistics model of pharmaceutical waste health facilities and residential in the city of Caxias do Sul]." 4º Congresso Internacional de Tecnologias para o Meio Ambiente Bento Gonçalves – RS, Brazil, 23-25 April, 2014, http://vbaco01.ucs.br/congressoAnais2014/getArtigo.php? id=443. Leach RH and White PL. "Use and wastage of prescribed medicines in the home." Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners 1978, 28(186):3236; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2158682/. Leal JE, Thompson AN, and Brzezinski WA. "Pharmaceuticals in drinking water: Local analysis of the problem and finding a solution through awareness." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2010, 50(5):600-603; http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.09186. LeBlond L. 2012, "Prescription Drugs: Still Potent Years after Expiration Date." redOrbit, redOrbit.com, 9 October, 2 pp; http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1112709103/prescription-drugs-expiration-date-100912/. Leduc-Souville B, Bertrand E, and Schlatter J. "Risk Management of Excreta in a Cancer Unit." Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing 2013, 17(3):248-252; http://dx.doi.org/10.1188/13.CJON.248-252. Lee B-K, Ellenbecker MJ, and Moure-Ersaso R. "Alternatives for treatment and disposal cost reduction of regulated medical wastes." Waste Management 2004, 24(2):143-151; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2003.10.008. Lee DC, Greene T, Dougherty T, and Pearigen P. "Fatal nifedipine ingestions in children." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2000, 19(4):359-361; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0736-4679(00)00266-3. Lee JA and Wismer T. "Isoniazid Toxicosis in Dogs." Clinician's Brief 2015, November:42-45; http://www.cliniciansbrief.com/sites/default/files/attachments/ASK_Isoniazid%20Toxicosis%20in%20Dogs.pdf; https://www.cliniciansbrief.com/article/isoniazid-toxicosis-dogs. Lee M and Phillips J. "Transdermal patches: High risk for error?" Drug Topics 2002, 1:54-55; http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/DrugSafety/MedicationErrors/ucm080691.pdf. Lee MG. "The environmental risks associated with the use and disposal of pharmaceuticals in hospitals." in Risk Assessment of Chemicals in the Environment, The Royal Society of Chemistry; London, UK, 1988, Chapter 27, pp 491-504. Lee SH, Kim DH, Kang C, Jeong JH, Kim SC, Kim DS, et al. "The Comparison of Accidental Poisonings Between Pharmaceuticals and Nonpharmaceuticals in Children Younger than 3 Years." Pediatric Emergency Care 2015, 31(12):825-829; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000000506; http://journals.lww.com/pec-online/Abstract/2015/12000/The_Comparison_of_Accidental_Poisonings_Between.3.aspx. Lee SM. 2014, "Calif. lawmaker wants drug makers to pay for disposal sites." SFGate, 28 March, 2 pp; http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Califlawmaker-wants-drug-makers-to-pay-for-5355179.php. Lee SM. 2014, "S.F. supervisor proposes drugmakers fund take-back program." SFGate, Hearst Communications, Inc., 20 October, 2 pp; http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/S-F-supervisor-proposes-drugmakers-fund-5835452.php. Lee Y-T. "Investigation on influencing factors of pharmaceutical recycle in Tainan region." Masters Dissertation, Koahsiung Medical University, Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Kaohshiung, Taiwan, 2011. LegitScript "LegitScript: Frequently Asked Questions." Web Page maintained by LegitScript.com, Portland, OR, 2010, http://www.legitscript.com/faqs. Leininger K. 2011, "Flushing drugs down drain seems insane, but it's legal. Rules are different for health care providers." news-sentinel.com, The NewsSentinel, Fort Wayne, IN, 2 pp; http://www.news-sentinel.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20110721/NEWS/107210333. Leitman M. "Water Rx: The problem of pharmaceuticals in our nation's waters." 29 November, 2011, 395-433 pp; available: http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=melanie. Lessenger JE and Feinberg SD. "Abuse of prescription and over-the-counter medications." Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine 2008, 21(1):45-54; http://dx.doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2008.01.070071. Leuty R. 2013, "Federal judge rules in favor of Alameda drug take-back ordinance." San Francisco Business Times, San Francisco, CA, 29 August, http://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/blog/biotech/2013/08/drug-take-back-alameda-county-ordinance.html. Levenson H. "Re: DEA’s Proposed Rule for the Disposal of Controlled Substances." California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery, Materials Management and Local Assistance Division, Sacramento, CA, 13 February, 2013, 4 pp; available: http://insideepa.com/iwpfile.html?file=feb2013%2Fepa2013_0342i.pdf. Lever A-M. 2010, "Vending machines for prescription drugs on trial." BBC Health News, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-10959457; http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-10951297. Levine M, Ruha A-M, LoVecchio F, Riley BD, Pizon AF, Burns BD, et al. "Hypoglycemia after Accidental Pediatric Sulfonylurea Ingestions." Pediatric Emergency Care 2011, 27(9):846-849; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e31822c146b.

Levinson DR. "Medicare atypical antipsychotic drug claims for elderly nursing home residents." US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General (OIG), Washington, DC, 4 May, 2011, 48 pp; available: http://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-07-08-00150.pdf; http://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-07-08-00150.asp. Levinson DR. "Overmedication of Nursing Home Patients Troubling." US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General (OIG), Washington, DC, 9 May, 2011, 2 pp; available: http://oig.hhs.gov/testimony/levinson_051011.asp. Lewington LE, Shaffer C, and Ornstein AE. "Paediatric methadone ingestions: An under-recognized form of child maltreatment?" Paediatrics & Child Health 2014, 19(3):139-140; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/19.3.139. Lewis ET, Cucciare MA, and Trafton JA. "What Do Patients Do with Unused Opioid Medications?" The Clinical Journal of Pain 2014, 30(8):654-662; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ajp.0000435447.96642.f4. Lewis H, Cronje R, Naude S, and Van den Berg C. "Accidental poisoning in childhood." South African Medical Journal 1989, 76(8):429-431; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2799595; http://archive.samj.org.za/1989%20VOL%20LXXVI%20JulDec/Articles/10%20October/2.12%20ACCIDENTAL%20POISONING%20IN%20CHILDHOOD.%20H.H.%20Lewis,%20R.E.%20Cronje,%20S.P.E. %20Naude%20and%20C.%20Van%20Den%20Berg.pdf. Lewis JC and Alsop JA. "A 13-year review of lisinopril ingestions in children less than 6 years of age." Clinical Toxicology 2013, 51(9):864-870; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2013.834533. Lex J. "Toddler Toxicology: Drugs That Can Kill a Child with One Pill or Swallow." Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 14 April 1998; http://www.medlectures.com/Emergency%20Medicine%20Lectures/Toxicology%20Lectures/Toddler%20Toxicology.ppt. Lexchin J. "Costs of Noncompliance Disputed [and response from the authors, Coambs et al.]." Canadian Medical Association Journal 1996, 155(1):11-12; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1487872/pdf/cmaj00097-0013.pdf. LGAC. "Letter to EPA Administrator Stephen Johnson re: LGAC recommendations on public health and environmental concerns posed by carelessly discarded unused pharmaceuticals." USEPA, Local Government Advisory Committee (LGAC), Washington, DC, 18 December, 2008, 3 pp; available: http://www.epa.gov/ocir/scas_lgac/pdf/2008_1218_letter_to_stephen_johnson.pdf. Lhasa Limited Leeds UK. 2009, "Zeneth: Predicting forced degradation pathways to support regulatory submissions and inform the early stages of drug development relating to knowledge about drug stability, and compatibility of adjuvants and formulants." Leeds, UK, available: https://www.lhasalimited.org/zeneth/about_zeneth/; https://www.lhasalimited.org/resources/Zeneth_Flyer.pdf. Li K, Lam S, Lui C, and Fung H. "Is poisoning by oral therapeutic drugs more severe? A retrospective study on unintentional paediatric poisoning in a local emergency hospital." Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine 2012, 19(5):342-348; http://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=735041691932822;res=IELHEA. Li L, Levine B, and Smialek JE. "Fatal Methadone Poisoning in Children: Maryland 1992–1996." Substance Use and Misuse 2000, 35(9):1141-1148; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826080009147476. Liang BA, Mackey TK, and Lovett KM. "Illegal “No Prescription” Internet Access to Narrow Therapeutic Index Drugs." Clinical Therapeutics 2013, 35(5):694-700; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.03.019. Liebelt EL. "An Update on Antidepressant Toxicity: An Evolution of Unique Toxicities to Master." Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine 2008, 9(1):24-34; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpem.2007.11.003; http://www.hkmacme.org/course/2008BW07-03-00/CNS0708.pdf. Liebelt EL and DeAngelis CD. "Evolving trends and treatment advances in pediatric poisoning." Journal of the American Medical Association 1999, 282(12):1113-1115; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.282.12.1113. Liebelt EL and Shannon MW. "Small doses, big problems: a selected review of highly toxic common medications." Pediatric Emergency Care 1993, 9(5):292-297; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8247936. Lifshitz I. 2015, "Incorporating sustainable attributes into pharmaceutical packaging." Canadian Packaging, Annex Business Media, October, 3 pp; http://www.canadianpackaging.com/opinions/incorporating-sustainable-attributes-into-pharmaceutical-packaging/. Lilley R, Lambden P, and Gillies A. "Medicines management for residential and nursing homes." Radcliffe Publishing, Abingdon, UK, 2006; http://www.radcliffe-oxford.com/books/bookdetail.aspx?ISBN=1846191203. Lim A. "Why is Pharmaceutical Waste a Problem?" Department of Environmental Health, Hazardous Materials Division, County of San Diego, CA, Year Unknown; http://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/deh/hmd/presentations/hmd_Pharmaceutical_Waste_Problem.pdf. Lim MT. "Disposal Practices of Unused and Unwanted Medications among Patients in a Tertiary Hospital." Education in Medicine Journal 2016, 8(3):4959; http://dx.doi.org/10.5959/eimj.v8i3.453. Lin Y-R, Liu T-H, Liu T-A, Chang Y-J, Chou C-C, and Wu H-P. "Pharmaceutical poisoning exposure and outcome analysis in children admitted to the pediatric emergency department." Pediatrics and Neonatology 2011, 52(1):11-17; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2010.12.003. Linninger AA and Chakraborty A. "Pharmaceutical waste management under uncertainty." Computers & Chemical Engineering 2001, 25(4-6):675-681; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0098-1354(01)00668-8.

Lipkin NC. "The Environmental Impact of Health Care: Implications for Infusion Nursing." Journal of Infusion Nursing 2012, 35(3):181-185; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NAN.0b013e31824d289f. Liston C. "Proper Medication Disposal." Montana Board of Pharmacy News 2012, 31(4):1, 4; http://63.250.234.98/publications/assets/MT072012.pdf. Litovitz T, Clancy C, Korberly B, Temple AR, and Mann KV. "Surveillance of Loperamide Ingestions: An Analysis of 216 Poison Center Reports." Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology 1997, 35(1):11-19; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659709001159. Litovitz T and Manoguerra A. "Comparison of Pediatric Poisoning Hazards: An Analysis of 3.8 Million Exposure Incidents A Report from the American Association of Poison Control Centers." Pediatrics 1992, 89(6):999-1006; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/89/6/999.abstract. Litovitz T, White NC, and Watson WA. "Epidemiology of Pediatric Poison Exposures: An Analysis of 2003 Poison Control Center Data." Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine 2005, 6(2):68-75; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpem.2005.04.001. Litovitz TL, Felberg L, Soloway RA, Ford M, and Geller R. "1994 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 1995, 13(5):551-597; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(95)90171-X. Litovitz TL, Klein-Schwartz W, Rodgers Jr GC, Cobaugh DJ, Youniss J, Omslaer JC, et al. "2001 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System." The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2002, 20(5):391-452; http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/ajem.2002.34955. Little GL and Boniface KS. "Are one or two dangerous? Sulfonylurea exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2005, 28(3):305-310; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2004.09.012. Liu H-C, Wu J, and Li P. "Assessment of health-care waste disposal methods using a VIKOR-based fuzzy multi-criteria decision making method." Waste Management 2013, 33(12):2744-2751; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2013.08.006. Liu J, Wang J, and Hu X-m. "Knowledge, perceptions, and practice of ecopharmacovigilance among pharmacy professionals in China." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2017, 189(11):552; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-6289-4. Liu Y. "Evaluating the effectiveness of disposal programs through a comparison with prescription drug monitoring program data." The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 2017, 43(3):360; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2017.1292280. Livneh J, Waddington K, and Bar J. "Addressing safety issues of health care personnel, family members, and the environment." Journal of Clinical Oncology 2010, 28(13):e209; author reply e210; http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.26.9704. Lo B and Field MJ, Eds., "Conflict of interest in medical research, education, and practice." The National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 2009, 414 pp; http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=12598. Lobo C. 2015, "Unused Medicines: A Health and Economic Burden and an Abandoned Reality." ISPOR Connections, International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, 2 pp; http://www.ispor.org/news/articles/Sept-Oct11/Unused-Medicines.asp. Local Hazardous Waste Management Program. "Secure Medicine Return: Reducing access to prescription drugs to protect our children & our families." Local Hazardous Waste Management Program, King County, WA, 11 February, 2010, 2 pp; available: http://www.medicinereturn.com/poison-abuserisk/poison-abuse-risk/rapdrugs_11feb2010.pdf. Logan L. 2013, "Judge Rejects Commerce Clause Attack on California Drug Take-Back Plan." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 9 September, http://insideepa.com/Water-Policy-Report/Water-Policy-Report-09/09/2013/judge-rejects-commerce-clause-attackon-california-drug-take-back-plan/menu-id-155.html. Lohiya S. "A simple stratification & storage system for samples and supplies." Journal of the National Medical Association 2006, 98(3):405-407; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2576132/. Long D. 2010, "7 Drugs That Can Kill Kids in a Single Pill." ABC News, ABC News Internet Ventures, Yahoo! - ABC News Network, New York, NY, 18 March, http://abcnews.go.com/Health/Wellness/accidental-ingestion-common-pills-kill-toddlers/story?id=10130146&singlePage=true. Longmore R, McDonald C, Sunderland B, Kailis S, and Marshall C. "Examination of a sample from a MediDump campaign in Perth Western Australia." Australian Pharmacist 1990, 9(5):145-149. Longmore RB. "Report on medi dump1978 [note: citation could not be verified]." Perth: Department of Pharmacy, Western Australian Institute of Technology, Perth, Australia, 1978. Longmore RB, Sundereland VB, and Sansom LN. "Analysis of a "Medidump" campaign in Australia." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 1995, 3(3):186-191; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7174.1995.tb00815.x. Loo PY and Yap F. "Unwitnessed sulphonylurea poisoning in a healthy toddler." European Journal of Pediatrics 2010, 169(11):1409-1412; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-010-1219-2. Lord R and Manton I. "Any old pills? [note: citation could not be verified]." Australian Prescriber 1980, 4:45-46. Losito E. 2017, "Pediatric Buprenorphine Ingestions." ToxTidbits, Maryland Poison Center, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, February, 2 pp; http://www.mdpoison.com/media/SOP/mdpoisoncom/ToxTidbits/2017/February%202017%20ToxTidbits.pdf.

Love JN, Howell JM, Klein-Schwartz W, and Litovitz TL. "Lack of toxicity from pediatric beta-blocker exposures." Human & Experimental Toxicology 2006, 25(6):341-346; http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327106ht632oa. Love JN, Litovitz TL, Howell JM, and Clancy C. "Characterization of Fatal Beta Blocker Ingestion: A Review of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Data from 1985 to 1995." Clinical Toxicology 1997, 35(4):353-359; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659709043366. Love JN, Sammon M, and Smereck J. "Are one or two dangerous? camphor exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2004, 27(1):49-54; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2004.02.010. Love JN and Sikka N. "Are 1–2 tablets dangerous? Beta-blocker exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2004, 26(3):309-314; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2003.11.015. Love JN, Smith JA, and Simmons R. "Are one or two dangerous? Phenothiazine exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2006, 31(1):5359; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2005.08.013. Lovegrove M, Hampton LM, Budnitz DS, and Geller AI. "Emergency department visits and hospitalizations for buprenorphine ingestion by children-United States, 2010-2011." MMWR Morbidity Mortality Weekly Report 2013, 62(3):56; https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-2885238991.html. Lovegrove MC, Mathew J, Hampp C, Governale L, Wysowski DK, and Budnitz DS. "Emergency Hospitalizations for Unsupervised Prescription Medication Ingestions by Young Children." Pediatrics 2014, 134(4):1009-1016; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-0840. Lovegrove MC, Weidle NJ, and Budnitz DS. "Trends in Emergency Department Visits for Unsupervised Pediatric Medication Exposures, 2004–2013." Pediatrics 2015, 136(4):e821-e829; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-2092. Lowery M. 2014, "Thousands of painkillers missing from 4 CVS stores." Drug Topics, 14 March, 3 pp; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/news/thousands-painkillers-missing-4-cvs-stores. Lowery M. "BCBS program drastically reduces painkiller scripts." Drug Topics 2014, April. Lowery M. "DEA tightens restrictions on hydrocodone combination products." Drug Topics 2014, August. Lowery M. 2014, "Non-doctors writing millions of painkiller Rxs." Drug Topics, 6 March, 1 pp; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/news/non-doctors-writing-millions-painkiller-rxs. Lowery M. "Doctor dispensing linked to unnecessary opioid Rxs." Drug Topics 2015, January. Lowery M. "Is pharmacy, prescriber lock-in the antidote for Rx abuse?" Drug Topics 2015, February. Lowrance S. "Returned pharmaceutical products." Office of Solid Waste, RCRA Online # 11606, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 1991. 2 pp; http://yosemite.epa.gov/osw/rcra.nsf/ea6e50dc6214725285256bf00063269d/a3a7a7a8f297438b8525670f006be5d8!OpenDocument. Lowry JA, Fine JS, Calello DP, and Marcus SM. "Pediatric fatality review of the 2013 National Poison Database System (NPDS): Focus on intent." Clinical Toxicology 2015, 53(2):79-81; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2014.996292. Lu X, Ke D, Zeng X, Gong G, and Ci R. "Status, Ecology, and Conservation of the Himalayan Griffon Gyps himalayensis (Aves, Accipitridae) in the Tibetan Plateau." AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment 2009, 38(3):166-173; http://dx.doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-38.3.166. Lubick N. "Opening the "green pharmacy"." Environmental Science & Technology 2008, 42(23):8620-8621; doi:10.1021/es802555w. Lubick N. "Drugs in the Environment: Do Pharmaceutical Take-Back Programs Make a Difference?" Environmental Health Perspectives 2010, 118(5):a210-a214; doi:10.1289/ehp.118-a210. Lucas GN. "Acute drug poisoning in children." Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health 2000, 29(2):45-48; http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljch.v29i2.603. Lucy J and Wu K. "Management Practices and Control Technologies for Unused Pharmaceuticals at Health Care Facilities – Final, Document Control Number 06570." ERG, 8 October, 2009, 38 pp; available: http://www.pepperlaw.com/pdfs/EPA-HQ-OW-2008-0517-0517%5B1%5D.pdf. Lung DD and Olson KR. "Hypoglycemia in Pediatric Sulfonylurea Poisoning: An 8-Year Poison Center Retrospective Study." Pediatrics 2011, 127(6):e1558-e1564; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-3235. Lunn G, Rhodes SW, Sansone EB, and Schmuff NR. "Photolytic destruction and polymeric resin decontamination of aqueous solutions of pharmaceuticals." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1994, 83(9):1289-1293; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600830920. Lunn G and Sansone EB. "Reductive destruction of dacarbazine, procarbazine hydrochloride, isoniazid, and iproniazid." American Journal of HealthSystem Pharmacy 1987, 44(11):2519-2524; http://www.ajhp.org/cgi/content/abstract/44/11/2519; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3687991?dopt=Abstract. Lunn G, Sansone EB, Andrews AW, and Hellwig LC. "Degradation and disposal of some antineoplastic drugs." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1989, 78(8):652-659; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600780811.

Lurie Y, Gopher A, Hoffmann Y, and Bentur Y. "Pediatric clotiapine poisoning: clinical manifestations and toxicokinetics." The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2016, 34(12):2469.e2461-2469.e2462; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016.06.059. Lust EB, Barthold C, Malesker MA, and Wichman TO. "Human Health Hazards of Veterinary Medications: Information for Emergency Departments." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2011, 40(2):198-207; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2009.09.026. Luxton JC and Walsh WJ. "Rx for trouble: Health care facilities pay fines for flushing drugs down the drain." Pepper Hamilton LLP, 8 February, 2010, 2 pp; available: http://www.pepperlaw.com/publications_update.aspx?ArticleKey=1704. Lynch A-M, McKay B, and Murray L. "Assessment of short-term outcomes following unintentional ingestions of “oral contraceptive pills” by toddlers." Clinical Toxicology 2009, 47(2):174-177; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650802438076. Lynch JC and McCullough T. "The Collection and Disposal of Waste Medications." U.S. Pharmacist 2008, 33(6):HS-20-HS-24; https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/the-collection-and-disposal-of-waste-medications. Lyon RC, Taylor JS, Porter DA, Prasanna HR, and Hussain AS. "Stability profiles of drug products extended beyond labeled expiration dates." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2006, 95(7):1549-1560; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.20636. Lyons Hardcastle J. 2016, "Pharmaceutical Waste Management: Flush, Take-Back Laws or Something Else?" environmental LEADER, Business Sector Media, LLC, Fort Collins, CO, 4 February, 3 pp; https://www.environmentalleader.com/2016/02/04/pharmaceutical-waste-management-flush-takeback-laws-or-something-else/. Lystlund S, Stevens E, Planas LG, and Marcy TR. "Patient participation in a clinic-based community pharmacy medication take-back program." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2014, 54(3):280-284; http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2014.13132. Ma CS, Batz F, Juarez DT, and Ladao LC. "Drug Take Back in Hawai‘i: Partnership between the University of Hawai‘i Hilo College of Pharmacy and the Narcotics Enforcement Division." Hawai'i Journal of Medicine & Public Health 2014, 73(1):26-31; http://hjmph.org/; www.hjmph.org/HJMPH_Jan14.pdf. Macan J, Turk R, Plavec D, and Bosš an-Kilibarda I. "The Changing Pattern of Poisoning with Psychoactive Drugs in Croatia." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology [Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju] 2001, 51(4):381-387; http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?id_clanak_jezik=1454&show=clanak. Macarthur D. "Any old drugs? Two schemes for the disposal of unwanted medicines in Europe." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2000, 264(7082):223-224; http://www.pjonline.com/editorial/20000205/articles/olddrugs.html. MacKerron C. 2016, "Letter from Senior Vice President of "As You Sow" to CEOs of various pharmaceutical companies regarding Extended Producer Responsibility and drug disposal." As You Sow, Oakland, CA, 20 April, 5 pp; http://www.asyousow.org/wpcontent/uploads/2016/04/investor_letter_pharmaceutical_take_back_20160420.pdf. Mackridge A and Marriott J. "When medicines are wasted so much is lost: to society as well as patients." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2004, 272(7281):12; http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/opinion/comment/when-medicines-are-wasted-so-much-is-lost-to-society-as-well-aspatients/20010941.article. Mackridge AJ. "Medicines non-use in primary care." Doctoral Dissertation, Aston University, Birmingham, England, 2005. 291 pp; http://mackridge.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/complete-thesis-web.pdf. Mackridge AJ and Marriott JF. "An analysis of unused medicines returned to " International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2006, 14(Supp 2):B75-B76; http://mackridge.com/index.php/archives/category/publication-type/page/2. Mackridge AJ and Marriott JF. "Unused medicines in primary care: a postal questionnaire." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2006, 14(Supp 1):A23-A24; http://mackridge.com/index.php/archives/84. Mackridge AJ and Marriott JF. "Returned medicines: waste or a wasted opportunity?" Journal of Public Health 2007, 29(3):258-262; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdm037. Mackridge AJ, Marriott JF, and Langley CA. "Unused medicines with potential for misuse or abuse in primary care." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2007, 15(3):229-233; http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/ijpp.15.3.0010. Madani S. "Determination of toxic (harmful) dose in children: an industry approach." ANEC Konferenz Kindersichere Verpackungen Conference on Packaging of Medicines and the Safety of Children, 23 September, 2004, http://www.docfoc.com/determination-of-toxic-harmful-dose-in-children-anindustry-approach. Madden MA. "Toxic Ingestions." in Critical Care Nursing of Infants and Children, Curley MAQ and Moloney-Harmon PA, Eds., W.B. Saunders Co.; Philadelphia, PA, 2001, Chapter 30, pp 999-1024; http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi? filename=29&article=1003&context=miscellaneous_papers&type=additional. Madden MA. "Pediatric Toxicology: Emerging Trends." Journal of Pediatric Intensive Care 2015, 4(2):103-110; https://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-00351556753. Madden MM, Etzler FM, and Gant T. "Comment regarding the stability of active ingredients in long-expired prescription medications." JAMA Internal Medicine 2013, 173(11):1034-1035; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.409.

Mady S, Wax P, Wang D, Goetz C, Hadley C, and Love R. "Pediatric clozapine intoxication." The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 1996, 14(5):462463; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(96)90152-7. Maeng DD, Snyder RC, Medico CJ, Mold WM, and Maneval JE. "Unused medications and disposal patterns at home: Findings from a Medicare patient survey and claims data." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2016, 56(1):41-46.e46; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2015.11.006. Maeng DD, Tom LA, and Wright EA. "Patient characteristics and healthcare utilization patterns associated with unused medications among medicare patients." Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy 2017, 13(6):1090-1094; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2016.11.003. Magera BE, Betlach CJ, Sweatt AP, and Derrick CW. "Hydroxyzine Intoxication in a 13-Month-Old Child." Pediatrics 1981, 67(2):280-283; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/67/2/280.abstract. Mahdi AH, Taha SA, and Al Rifai MR. "Epidemiology of accidental home poisoning in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia)." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 1983, 37(4):291-295; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1052927/?tool=pubmed. Mahoney SH, "PPCPs' double life." Environmental Protection (online), 1 September, 2006, http://eponline.com/articles/2006/09/01/ppcps-doublelife.aspx?admgarea=Features; http://eponline.com/articles/2006/09/01/ppcps-double-life.aspx?sc_lang=en. Main E. 2009, "Safe Prescription Drug Disposal - Get Rid of Unused Prescription Drugs without Contaminating Your Drinking Water." Rodale.com, Rodale Press, Emmanus, PA, 12 August, 3 pp; http://www.rodale.com/safe-prescription-drug-disposal. Maine Benzodiazepine Study Group. "The Athens Declaration." The 2nd International Conference on Environment, Athens, Greece, 3 August, 2007, http://www.benzos.une.edu/documents/ATHENSDeclarationAug2207_001.pdf. Maine Benzodiazepine Study Group. "International Symposium on Safe Medicine (formerly known as the International Symposium on Pharmaceuticals in the Home and Environment)." 2010 International Symposium on Safe Medicine (formerly known as the International Symposium on Pharmaceuticals in the Home and Environment), Portland, ME, Maine Benzodiazepine Study Group, 10-12 October, 2010, http://www.safemedicine.une.edu/; http://benzos.une.edu/; http://benzos.une.edu/2010conference.htm; http://benzos.une.edu/documents/2010_MBSG_SavetheDate_final_1.pdf. Maine Benzodiazepine Study Group and University of Maine Center on Aging. ISSM 2011: International Symposium on Safe Medicine (formerly known as the International Symposium on Pharmaceuticals in the Home and Environment), Portland, ME, Maine Benzodiazepine Study Group, University of Maine Center on Aging, Bangor, ME, 2-4 October, 2011, http://benzos.une.edu/2011conference.htm. Maine DEP. "Implementing Product Stewardship in Maine: 2011 Report to the Joint Standing Committee on Natural Resources." Maine Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), Augusta, ME, 15 January, 2011, 88 pp; available: http://www.maine.gov/dep/rwm/publications/legislativereports/pdf/2011psreportfinal.pdf. Maine.gov "Maine's Product Stewardship Program." Web Page maintained by Bureau of Remediation & Waste Management, Maine Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), Augusta, ME, (8 December); 2010, http://www.maine.gov/dep/waste/productstewardship/index.html. Maine.gov "DEP Seeks Comments on Product Stewardship Report." Web Page maintained by Maine Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), Augusta, ME, (7 December); 2010, http://www.maine.gov/tools/whatsnew/index.php?id=163385&topic=Portal+News&v=article-2006. Maisel A and Englebright S. 2010, "S7998: an act to amend the public health law, in relation to establishing the drug manufacturer collection program (requires drug manufacturers to collect unused and expired drugs from hospitals and residential health care facilities for safe disposal)." State of New York Senate, 3 pp; http://open.nysenate.gov/legislation/bill/S7998; http://open.nysenate.gov/legislation/bill/A10274. Majors B. "Urine-based meth op raided, explained: Suspect's 'recycling' effort a biohazard." OakRidger.com, 2009, 6 April http://www.oakridger.com/news/x180626323/Urine-based-meth-op-raided-explained?view=print. Majsak-Newman G, Benford P, Ablewhite J, Clacy R, Coffey F, Cooper N, et al. "Keeping children safe at home: protocol for a matched case-control study of modifiable risk factors for poisoning." Injury Prevention 2014, 20(5):e10; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2014-041234. Majumder S, Mandal SK, Guha G, Bandyopadhyay D, and Chowdhury SR. "A single fatal dose of olanzapine." Neurology India 2009, 57(4):497; http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.55569. Makatta GB. "Assessment of Knowledge and Practices for Disposal of Unfinished, Unwanted and Expired Medications from Households in Iringa Municipal Council, Tanzania." Tanzania Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 2013, 4(1):587-594; http://www.ajol.info/index.php/eajph/article/view/110331. Maklad AI, Emara AM, El-Maddah EI, and El-Refai M-AAM. "Pediatric Poisoning in Egypt." Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2012, 2(2):1-6; http://www.japsonline.com/abstract.php?article_id=369. Malhotra G. 2007, "Pharmaceuticals, Their Manufacturing Methods, Ecotoxicology, and Human Life Relationship: A look at the impact of improper pharmaceutical waste treatment." Pharmaceutical Processing, Rockaway, NJ, 4 pp; http://www.pharmpro.com/articles/2007/11/pharmaceuticalstheir-manufacturing-methods-ecotoxicology-and-human-life-relationship. Mallett S. "Waste sorting and disposal method using labels." Patent Application: 2014, 93 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/8868434.html. Mallett SR, Danta RC, Benson JR, Corey AD, Davidner AA, and Regla P. "Handheld medical waste sorting method." Patent Application: 2007, 94 pp; http://www.google.com/patents?hl=en&lr=&vid=USPAT7303081&.

Mallett SR, Danta RC, Benson JR, Corey AD, Davidner AA, and Regla P. "System for sorting discarded and spent pharmaceutical items." Patent Application: 2007, 94 pp; http://www.google.com/patents?hl=en&lr=&vid=USPAT7311207&. Mallett SR, Danta RC, Benson JR, Corey AD, Davidner AA, and Regla P. "Method for sorting discarded and spent pharmaceutical items." Patent Application: 2008, 94 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7318529.htmls. Mallett SR, Danta RC, Benson JR, Corey AD, Davidner AA, and Regla P. "Combination disposal and dispensing apparatus and method." Patent Application: 2008, 124 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2008/0190953.html. Mallett SR, Danta RC, Benson JR, Corey AD, Davidner AA, Regla P, et al. "Method of sorting waste utilizing removable liners." Patent Application: 2010, 115 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7664656.html. Mallett SR, Danta RC, Benson JR, Corey AD, Davidner AA, Regla P, et al. "Waste sorting system utilizing removable liners." Patent Application: 2010, 115 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7660724.html. Mallett SR, Danta RC, Regla P, Corey AD, and Davidner AA. "Disposable container for use in a waste sorting system." Patent Application: 2008, 57 pp; http://www.google.com/patents?hl=en&lr=&vid=USPAT7341147&. Mallett SR, Danta RC, Regla P, Corey AD, and Davidner AA. "Waste sorting method for rendering drugs non-recoverable." Patent Application: 2009, 61 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7533028.html. Mallett SR, Danta RC, Reqla P, Corey AD, and Davidner AA. "Apparatus for facilitating medical waste disposal." Patent Application: 2007, 57 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7296688.html. Malone-Bogusky K. "Pharmaceuticals, Healthcare, & the Environment: Developing an EPA Compliant Pharmaceutical Program." US Environmental Protection Agency, New York, NY, 16 June 2010; http://www.njha.com/qualityinstitute/pdf/72201083904AM80.pdf. Mammadov O and Mojica E-R. "Utilization of Vibrational Spectroscopy to Differentiate Expired Medications." International Journal of Chemical Science and Technology 2014, 4(4):342-348; http://ijcst.net/Document/vol4issue4/IJCST2014040402.pdf. Maness DA. "Pharmaceutical waste disposal assembly." Patent Application: 2012, 39 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2012/0305132.html. Manion-Fisher K. 2011, "Pontiac students help prompt drug disposal bill (Illinois House Bill 2056)." Pantagraph.com, Bloomington, IL, 17 March, http://www.pantagraph.com/news/local/government-and-politics/article_6e471a6e-5102-11e0-bf9e-001cc4c002e0.html. Mankes RF. "Source Reduction Demonstration Project - Progress Report." The Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 29 October, 2009, 65 pp; available: http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OW-2008-0517-0580. Mankes RF. "Propofol Wastage in Anesthesia." Anesthesia & Analgesia 2012, 114(5):1091-1092; http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e31824ea491. Mankes RF. "Albany Medical Center Pharmaceutical waste management: A 2 year pilot project (funded under EPA Grant #X9-97256506-0)." Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience and Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, Year Unknown (between 2008 and 2010); http://www.dos.state.ny.us/watershed/ppt/AMCWestPoint9-16-2008.ppt. Mankes RF and Lee L. "A vital step in managing pharmaceutical waste." Vestara, 2006, 16 pp; available: http://www.vestara.com/focus/regulatory.asp. Mankes RF and Silver CD. "Quantitative study of controlled substance bedside wasting, disposal and evaluation of potential ecologic effects." Science of the Total Environment 2013, 444:298-310; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.096. Mankes RF and Silver CD. "Hospital Antibiotic Wasting and Evaluation of Potential Ecologic Effects." Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology 2016, 1(1):012-022; http://www.peertechz.com/Environmental-Science-Toxicology/pdf/PJEST-1-103.pdf. Mankes RF and Silver CD. "Pharmaceutical Dispensing and Wasting In Health Care Facilities, Amounts, Costs and Evaluation of Potential Ecologic Effects." SOJ Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017, 4(4):1-32; https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/pharmacypharmaceuticalsciences/pharmacy-pharmaceuticalsciences67.pdf. Mann D. 2012, "Many who First Misuse Prescription Pills Get them from Friends, Family: Report. More than 70 percent start that way, government analysis finds." HealthDay News, U.S. News & World Report LP, 1 pp; http://health.usnews.com/health-news/news/articles/2012/04/25/many-whofirst-misuse-prescription-pills-get-them-from-friends-family-report. Mannina GJ, Jr. "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Something Can Be Done." Los Angeles Daily Journal, 2010, Los Angeles Daily Journal, 3 February 1, 7 pp; http://www.nossaman.com/showArticle.aspx?show=6088. Manoguerra AS, Erdman AR, Wax PM, Nelson LS, Martin Caravati E, Cobaugh DJ, et al. "Camphor Poisoning: an Evidence-Based Practice Guideline for Out-of-Hospital Management." Clinical Toxicology 2006, 44(4):357-370; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650600671696. Manoj K, T. and Saravanan S. "Reverse Logistic Practices on Household Medical Disposal in India and its Impacts on Environment." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2016, 6(2):95-99; http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2231-5691.2016.00016.2.

Manoj KT and Saravanan S. "Development of conceptual framework for household medicine disposal practices in India and its impact on environment ." World Journal of Pharmacy and Phamarceutical Sciences 2016, 5(4):2269-2280; http://www.wjpps.com/download/article/1460006467.pdf. Manojlovicé J, Jovanovicé V, Milosš evicé Georgiev A, Tesink JG, Arsicé T, and Marinkovicé V. "Pharmaceutical Waste Management in Pharmacies at the Primary Level of Health Care in Serbia - Situation Analysis." Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education & Research 2015, 49(2):106-111; http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/ijper.49.2.5. Mansell P. 2008, "Pharmaceutical traces in water 'highly unlikely to harm', says industry." in-Pharma Technologist.com, William Reed Business Media SAS, Montpellier, France, 12 March, 2 pp; http://www.in-pharmatechnologist.com/Regulatory-Safety/Pharmaceutical-traces-in-water-highly-unlikelyto-harm-says-industry. Marcenyac G, Alfonso M, Gehrlein L, Howard S, Tavares L, Greenbaum R, et al. "Disposal system for transdermal dosage form." Patent Application: 2015, http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2015/0182474.html. Marchand A, Walker S, and Cooper T. "Beyond Abundance: Self-Interest Motives for Sustainable Consumption in Relation to Product Perception and Preferences ." Sustainability 2010, 2(5):1431-1447; http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su2051431. Marchiset-Ferlay N, Gerbaud L, Sauvant MP, Jaffeux P, Manhes G, Leblanc N, et al. "Description des Meé dicaments Non Utiliseé s (MNU) dans les pharmacies du Puy de Doê me [Description of unused drugs collected in pharmacies in the Puy-de-Dome region in France]." Revue d'épidémiologie et de santé publique [Journal of Epidemiological Public Health] 2001, 49(6):551-558; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11845104; http://www.emconsulte.com/article/106699/alertePM. Marchiset-Ferlay N, Sauvant MP, Jaffeux P, Manheà s G, Leblanc N, Coste F, et al. "Profils et motivations des personnes deé posant des Meé dicaments Non Utiliseé s (MNU) dans les officines du Puy-de-Doê me (France) [Profiles of people who return unused medicine to pharmacies in Puy-de-Doê me, and their motivations for doing so]." Santé Publique 2004, 16(3):435-446; http://www.cairn.info/article.php? ID_REVUE=SPUB&ID_NUMPUBLIE=SPUB_043&ID_ARTICLE=SPUB_043_0435. Marcus SM. "Accidental death from take home methadone maintenance doses: A report of a case and suggestions for prevention." Child Abuse & Neglect 2011, 35(1):1-2; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2010.08.003. Mareé chal C, Honorat R, and Claudet I. "Serotonin Syndrome Induced by Tramadol Intoxication in an 8-Month-Old Infant." Pediatric Neurology 2011, 44(1):72-74; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2010.08.005. Margalida A, Bogliani G, Bowden CGR, Donaé zar JA, Genero F, Gilbert M, et al. "One Health approach to use of veterinary pharmaceuticals." Science 2014, 346(6215):1296-1298; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1260260. Margonato FB, Thomson Z, and Paoliello MMB. "Determinantes nas intoxicaçoã es medicamentosas agudas na zona urbana de um municipio do Sul do Brasil [Causes of acute poisoning with medication in a southern Brazilian city]." Cadernos de Saude Publica [Reports in Public Health] 2008, 24(2):333341; http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2008000200012. Margonato FB, Thomson Z, and Paoliello MMB. "Acute intentional and accidental poisoning with medications in a southern Brazilian city [Intoxicaçoã es medicamentosas agudas intencionais e naã o intencionais notificadas em municíépio do Sul do Brasil]." Cadernos de Saude Publica [Reports in Public Health] 2009, 25(4):849-856; http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2009000400016. Marinkovic N, Vitale K, Holcer NJ, Dzakula A, and Pavic T. "Management of hazardous medical waste in Croatia." Waste Management 2008, 28(6):10491056; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.01.021. Markowitz HA and McGinley JM. "Chloroquine poisoning in a child." Journal of the American Medical Association 1964, 189(12):950-951; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1964.03070120072023. Marks P. "Invisible weapons to fight fake drugs." New Scientist 2010, 207(2768):18-19; http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20727684.300invisible-weapons-to-fight-fake-drugs.html. Markula S. 2011, "Pharmaceutical industry yields to pressure from San Francisco to fund a drug take-back program." SF Public Press, SF Public Press, San Francisco, CA, 24 May, http://sfpublicpress.org/news/2011-05/pharmaceutical-industry-yields-to-pressure-from-san-francisco-to-fund-a-drugtake-back-program. Marlieà re GLL, Ferraz MB, and Quirino dos Santos J. "Antibiotic consumption patterns and drug leftovers in 6000 Brazilian households." Advances in Therapy 2000, 17(1):32-44; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02868029. Marquardt KA, Tharratt RS, and Musallam NA. "Fentanyl remaining in a transdermal system following three days of continuous use." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 1995, 29(10):969-971; http://www.theannals.com/cgi/content/abstract/29/10/969. Marraffa J. "Toxicology Overview." in PedSAP Book 2 - Pediatric Emergencies, Sollee DR, Sutton C and McKinzie CJ, Eds., 2017, Volume Book 2, pp 7-20; https://www.accp.com/docs/bookstore/pedsap/ped2017b2_sample.pdf. Marsh K, Ganz ML, Hsu J, Strandberg-Larsen M, Gonzalez RP, and Lund N. "Expanding Health Technology Assessments to Include Effects on the Environment." Value in Health 2016, 19(2):249-254; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2015.11.008. Marshall A. 2016, "Tracing Drug Use Patterns through Nightclub Toilets." The Atlantic Citylab, The Atlantic Monthly Group, 31 March, 4 pp; http://www.citylab.com/cityfixer/2016/03/tracing-drug-use-through-nightclub-toilets/476325/.

Marshall J. "Disposal of household special wastes." EnviroStats 2008, 2(1):3-7; http://www.statcan.ca/english/freepub/16-002-XIE/2008001/10539en.htm. Martin A. "Pet Food Industry Poisonings? Are You Feeding Contaminated Pets to Your Pets?" National Euthanasia Registry, 16 March, 2002, 1 pp; available: http://www.usner.org/press.htm#Pets. Martin E, Dzierba S, and Jones D. "Preventing Large-Scale Controlled Substance Diversion from within the Pharmacy." Hospital Pharmacy 2013, 48(5):406-412; http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hpj4805-406; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3839459/pdf/hpj4805-406.pdf. Martin JL, Senator, Bilotas K, Cameron J, Carr DS, Earle WM, Gressitt S, et al. "Final report of the Maine Drug Return Implementation Group." State of Maine 121st Legislature, First Regular Session, 8 March, 2005, 34 pp; available: http://www.maine.gov/legis/opla/drugrpt.pdf. Martin TC and Rocque M. "Accidental and non-accidental ingestion of methadone and buprenorphine in childhood: a single center experience, 19992009." Current Drug Safety 2011, 6(1):12-16; http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488611794480034. Martin TL, Woodall KL, and McLellan BA. "Fentanyl-Related Deaths in Ontario, Canada: Toxicological Findings and Circumstances of Death in 112 Cases (2002-2004)." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 2006, 30(8):603-610; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17132259. Martinez M, Vande Griend J, and Linnebur S. "Medication Management: A Case of Brown Bag-Identified Medication Hoarding." The Consultant Pharmacist 2012, 27(10):729-736; http://dx.doi.org/10.4140/TCP.n.2012.729. Martinez-Pajares JD, Diaz-Morales O, Ramos-Diaz JC, and Gomez-Fernandez E. "Peripheral precocious puberty due to inadvertent exposure to testosterone: case report and review of the literature." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 2012, 25(9-10):1007-1012; http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2012-0124. Mashta O. "English NHS wastes £300m of drugs every year, study finds." BMJ 2010, 341(c6799); http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c6799. Maslonkowski CB. "A SWOT analysis of conducting medication disposal programs in Wisconsin communities." Masters Dissertation, University of Wisconsin, College of Science and Health, Department of Health Education and Promotion, La Crosse, WI, 2009. 95 pp; http://minds.wisconsin.edu/handle/1793/38653. Massadeh M. "The pattern of accidental drug poisoning in children." Middle East Journal of Family Medicine 2007, 5(4):15-19; http://www.mejfm.com/journal/june2007/accidental_drug_poisoning.htm. MassDEP "Pharmaceutical & Personal Care Products - FAQs." Web Page maintained by Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, Boston, MA, 2010, http://www.mass.gov/dep/toxics/stypes/ppcpedc.htm. MassDPH and MassDEP. "Summary of Notes from the MassDPH-MassDEP Joint Summit on Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Massachusetts Environment." Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MassDPH); Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP), Boylston, MA and Boston, MA, 5 June, 2008, 9 pp; available: http://www.mass.gov/dep/toxics/stypes/depdphjs.pdf. Massoomi F. "Review of Laws & Regulations Governing Hazardous Drugs." Nebraska Methodist Hospital, Department of Pharmacy Services, Omaha, NE, 2010; http://www.baxa.com/webinars/FINALHDHDrugSafetyProgramSlides.pdf. Massoomi F. "Pharmaceutical Waste: Is Your Facility at Risk?" Patient Safety & Quality Healthcare 2012, September/October; http://psqh.com/pharmaceutical-waste-is-your-facility-at-risk. Massoomi FF. "Regulatory Compliance and Practical Considerations in the Management of Pharmaceutical Waste in Health Systems." Pharmaceutical Waste Management: Issues and Options for Health Systems, ASHP Advantage, Bethesda, Maryland, 2007-2010; http://onlinece.ashpadvantage.com/pharmawaste/overview.htm. Massoud MA, Chami G, Al-Hindi M, and Alameddine I. "Assessment of Household Disposal of Pharmaceuticals in Lebanon: Management Options to Protect Water Quality and Public Health." Environmental Management 2016, 57(5):1125-1137; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-016-0666-6. Mathew G and Unnikrishnan MK. "The Emerging Environmental Burden from Pharmaceuticals." Economic & Political Weekly 2012, 47(18):31-34; http://www.epw.in/journal/2012/18/commentary/emerging-environmental-burden-pharmaceuticals.html; http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/Burden%20from%20Pharmaceuticals.pdf. Mathews AW. 2010, "So Young and So Many Pills: More than 25% of Kids and Teens in the U.S. Take Prescriptions on a Regular Basis." The Wall Street Journal, New York, NY, 28 December, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203731004576046073896475588.html. Mathusa AW. "Emergency Department Use in Accidental Childhood Poisonings Involving a Grandparent." Masters Dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2009. 26 pp; https://etd.ohiolink.edu/ap/10?0::NO:10:P10_ACCESSION_NUM:osu1248909612. Matiko D. "Managing disposal of unwanted pharmaceuticals at health facilities in Tanzania. A case of Dar es Salaam Region public health facilities." Masters Dissertation, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2012. 78 pp; http://ir.muhas.ac.tz:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/55; http://ihi.eprints.org/1001/1/muhas46.pdf. Matos GCd, Rozenfeld S, and Bortoletto ME. "Intoxicaçoã es medicamentosas em crianças menores de cinco anos [Drug intoxication among children under five years old]." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 2002, 2(2):167-176; http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-38292002000200009.

Matteucci MJ. "One pill can kill: assessing the potential for fatal poisonings in children." Pediatric Annals 2005, 34(12):964-968; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16419734. Matthew H. "Poisoning in the home by medicaments." British Medical Journal 1966, 2(5517):788-790; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.5517.788. Mauer LJ and Taylor LS. "Deliquescence of pharmaceutical systems." Pharmaceutical Development and Technology 2010, 15(7):592-594; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10837450903397594. Maughan BC, Hersh EV, Shofer FS, Wanner KJ, Archer E, Carrasco LR, et al. "Unused opioid analgesics and drug disposal following outpatient dental surgery: A randomized controlled trial." Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2016, 168:328-334; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.016. Mazer-Amirshahi M, Reid N, van den Anker J, and Litovitz T. "Effect of cough and cold medication restriction and label changes on pediatric ingestions reported to United States poison centers." The Journal of Pediatrics 2013, 163(5):1372-1376; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.04.054. Mazor SS, Feldman KW, Sugar NF, and Sotero M. "Pediatric Tramadol Ingestion Resulting in Seizurelike Activity: A Case Series." Pediatric Emergency Care 2008, 24(6):380-381; http://journals.lww.com/pec-online/Fulltext/2008/06000/Pediatric_Tramadol_Ingestion_Resulting_in.9.aspx; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e318177a6ed. McAllister R. 2009, "Maine's Rx drug woes: Safe and secure administration, disposal, are key." Seacostonline.com, Seacoast Media Group, Portsmouth, NH, 8 April, http://www.seacoastonline.com/articles/20090408-OPINION-904080327. McBride J. "Yes, Medicine cabinets have expiration dates." The Beaumont Enterprise, 2009, Hearst, 6 February 3 pp; http://www.beaumontenterprise.com/ent-life/yes__medicine_cabinets_have_expiration_dates_02-06-2009.html. McCandless SE, Powell KP, and Sandberg U. "Risk for ingestion of toxic substances in children with Prader–Willi syndrome." American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 2012, 158A(11):2866-2869; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.34315. McCarthy M. "Prescription drug abuse up sharply in the USA." The Lancet 2007, 369(9572):1505-1506; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S01406736(07)60690-4. McCarthy VP and Swabe GL. "Chloroquine poisoning in a child." Pediatric Emergency Care 1996, 12(3):207-209; http://journals.lww.com/peconline/Fulltext/1996/06000/Chloroquine_poisoning_in_a_child.15.aspx. McCauley JL, Back SE, and Brady KT. "Pilot of a brief, web-based educational intervention targeting safe storage and disposal of prescription opioids." Addictive Behaviors 2013, 38(6):2230-2235; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.01.019. McClenahan W. "Fatal poisoning with dibucaine hydrochloride (nuporal) lozenges; report of a case with autopsy." Journal of the American Medical Association 1955, 158(7):565; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14381218. McCoppin R. 2011, "Plan to reuse prescription drugs stuck on final hurdles: Legislation stalled by concerns about safety, liability." Chicago Tribune, Chicago, IL, 20 August, 4 pp; http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/ct-met-dead-meds-20110820,0,2987134,full.story. McCoubrie D, Murray L, Daly FFS, and Little M. "Toxicology case of the month: ingestion of two unidentified tablets by a toddler." Emergency Medicine Journal 2006, 23(9):718-720; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.2006.034926. McCoy JL and Holland KP. "Can Water Professionals Transform Pharmaceutical Disposal Practices of Hospice Nurses?" Masters Dissertation, Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, 2011. 70 pp; http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1450&context=etd; http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/etd/449. McCullagh MC, Schim S, and Ortner P. "Drug Disposal among Hospice Homecare Nurses: A Pilot Study of Current Practice and Attitudes." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 2012, 43(2):287-292; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.03.024. McCully R. "Hazard Communication Standard and Pharmaceuticals." US Department of Labor, Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), Office of Health Compliance Assistance, Washington, DC, 1994. 3 pp; https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document? p_table=INTERPRETATIONS&p_id=21354. McDermott Will & Emery. "New Law Extends Federal Oversight of Compounding Pharmacies, Establishes National Drug Track-and-Trace Requirements." Mondaq Ltd., mondaq.com, London, 22 January, 2014, 11 pp; available: http://www.mwe.com/files/Uploads/Documents/News/New %20Law%20Extends%20Federal%20Oversight%20of%20Compounding%20Pharmacies%2C%20Establishes%20National%20Drug%20Track-andTrace%20Requirements.pdf. McFee RB and Caraccio TR. ""Hang up Your Pocketbook" -- an Easy Intervention for the Granny Syndrome: Grandparents as a Risk Factor in Unintentional Pediatric Exposures to Pharmaceuticals." Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 2006, 106(7):405-411; http://jaoa.org/article.aspx?articleid=2093323. McFee RB, Caraccio TR, and Mofenson HC. "Selected Tricyclic Antidepressant Ingestions Involving Children 6 Years Old or Less." Academic Emergency Medicine 2001, 8(2):139-144; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2001.tb01278.x. McFee RB, McFee R, Mofenson HC, and Caraccio TR. "A Nationwide Survey of the Management of Unintentional—Low Dose Tricyclic Antidepressant Ingestions Involving Asymptomatic Children: Implications for the Development of an Evidence-Based Clinical Guideline." Clinical Toxicology 2000, 38(1):15-19; http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/CLT-100100910.

McGovern EM, Tennant S, Mackay C, and Glasgow Pharmacy Audit Programme. "Audit of returned medicines to community pharmacy in Anniesland/Bearsden/Milingavie LHCC." Pharmacy World and Science 2002, 24(3):A11-A12; http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/hisham/Documents/Community_Pharm_Project/returned_medicines.pdf. McGuigan MA. "Common Culprits in Childhood Poisoning." Pediatric Drugs 1999, 1(4):313-324; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128072-19990104000007. McGurk J. "Sewer disposal of pharmaceutical waste (internal memorandum)." Environmental Management Branch, Department of Health Services, State of California, 2003. 4 pp; http://www.cdph.ca.gov/certlic/medicalwaste/Documents/MedicalWaste/pharms_out_sewers_v3_090503.pdf. McIntosh GC and Katcher ML. "Pediatric Poisonings: Know What Kills." AAP Grand Rounds 2005, 13(2):22-23; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/gr.13-2-22. McKay J. "Charlevoix County Pharmaceutical Collection and Disposal Program Long-Term Plan: POD Prescription & Over-the-Counter Drug Drop-Off." Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council, Petoskey, MI, 31 March, 2011, 46 pp. McKee G. "Keeping drugs out of the toilet: the need for federal action to allow consumer drug donation." Quinnipiac Health Law Journal 2006, 10(1):4576; http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?collection=journals&handle=hein.journals/qhlj10&div=6&size=2&rot=0&type=image. McKendrick T. "Poisoning Accidents in Childhood." Archives of Disease in Childhood 1960, 35(180):127-133; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2012533/. McKeown E and Pawloski J. "Think before You Flush! A Sustainable Aquatic Eco-System’s Relation to Human Health." Online Journal of Issues in Nursing 2012, 18(1); http://nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Vol-18-2013/No1-Jan2013/Articles-Previous-Topics/Eco-Systems-Relation-to-Human-Health.html. McKeown N, West P, Hendrickson R, and Horowitz BZ. "Survival after Diphenhydramine Ingestion with Hemodialysis in a Toddler." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2011, 7(2):147-150; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13181-010-0116-4. McLaughlin T and Gao X. "Quantitative Study." in An Assessment of U.S. Pharmaceutical Donations: Players, Processes, and Products, Reich MR, Ed., Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA, 1999, Chapter 3, pp 43-64; http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s20190en/s20190en.pdf. McLawhorn MW, Goulding MR, Gill RK, and Michele TM. "Analysis of Benzonatate Overdoses among Adults and Children from 1969–2010 by the United States Food and Drug Administration." Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy 2013, 33(1):38-43; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1153. McNamara, Valencia, Bennett, and Shekarchi. 2014, "AN ACT RELATING TO INSURANCE - ACCIDENT AND SICKNESS INSURANCE POLICIES: 27-18-82. Cancer patient safety and environmental protection." State of Rhode Island, H 7644, 11 pp; http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/BillText/BillText14/HouseText14/H7644.pdf. McNulty CAM, Boyle P, Nichols T, Clappison DP, and Davey P. "Antimicrobial drugs in the home, United Kingdom." Emerging Infectious Diseases 2006, 12(10):1523-1526; http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol12no10/05-1471.htm. McRae D, Allman M, and James D. "The redistribution of medicines: could it become a reality?" International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2016, 24(6):411-418; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpp.12275. McRandle PW, "What Happens to Pharmaceuticals in Wastewater?" Water & Wastes Digest, 10 October, 2007, 122 http://www.wwdmag.com/WhatHappens-to-Pharmaceuticals-in-Wastewater--newsPiece14619. MDH and MHA. "Minnesota Controlled Substance Diversion Prevention Coalition: Final Report." Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Minnesota Hospital Association (MHA), St. Paul, MN, March, 2012, 13 pp; available: http://www.mnhospitals.org/inc/data/drug-diversion-toolkit/drug-diversionfinal-report-March2012.pdf. Medco. 2009, "The Smart Guide to Managing Medications: Tips and tools to lower costs and to achieve better health." Medco Health Solutions, Inc., Chicago, IL, 12 pp; https://host1.medcohealth.com/art/medicare10/pdf/smartguide.pdf. Medco. 2009, "New Survey Shows Seniors Struggle under the Weight of Multiple Medication Use." Medco Health Solutions, Inc., Chicago, IL, 4 pp; http://medco.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=417. MediSend "MediSend: Sending Hope, Saving Lives." 2009, http://www.medisend.org/. Meersman T. 2010, "A county lockup for unwanted pills." StarTribune.com, Star Tribune, Minneapolis, MN, 3 pp; http://www.startribune.com/local/85906077.html. Meé garbane B and Alhaddad H. "P-glycoprotein should be considered as an additional factor contributing to opioid-induced respiratory depression in paediatrics: the buprenorphine example." British Journal of Anaesthesia 2013, 110(5):842; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aet082. Melcher RR. "Pharmaceutical waste disposal by soil injection." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 1962, 4(2):147-151; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260040205. Melhem S, Katz K, Jameson A, Shellenbarger D, and Akhtar J. "Prolonged toxicity in a 2-year-old after accidental ingestion of aripiprazole." Pediatric Emergency Care 2009, 25(2):105-106; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19225379.

Meli M, Rauber-Luö thy C, Hoffmann-Walbeck P, Reinecke H-J, Prasa D, Stedtler U, et al. "Atypical antipsychotic poisoning in young children: a multicentre analysis of poisons centres data." European Journal of Pediatrics 2013:1-8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-013-2241-y. Mello MM and Messing NA. "Restrictions on the Use of Prescribing Data for Drug Promotion." New England Journal of Medicine 2011, 365(13):12481254; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMhle1107678. Menard-Katcher C, Henretig FM, and Osterhoudt KC. "A 19-Month-Old Girl with Recurrent Illness: Over the Hills and through the Woods." Pediatric Emergency Care 2009, 25(12):869-871; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181cb2304. Menicucci MM and Coon CL. "Environmental Regulation of Health Care Facilities: A Prescription for Compliance." SMU Law Review 1993-1994, 47:537577; http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/smulr47&div=39&g_sent=1&collection=journals. Messenger B. 2014, "EPA Consults U.S. Retailers on Hazardous Waste Management in the Sector." Waste Management World (WMW), Tulsa, OK, 2 pp; http://www.waste-management-world.com/articles/2014/02/epa-consults-u-s-retailers-on-hazardous-waste-management-in-the-sector.html. Metro Vancouver "Banned materials, prohibited materials & household hazardous wastes." Web Page maintained by Metro Vancouver, Burnaby, B.C., 2010, http://www.metrovancouver.org/services/solidwaste/disposal/Pages/default.aspx; http://www.metrovancouver.org/SERVICES/SOLIDWASTE/DISPOSAL/Pages/bannedmaterials.aspx. Metzger JW. "Drugs in municipal landfills and landfill leachates." in Pharmaceuticals in the environment - Sources, fate, effects, and risks, 2nd edition; Kummerer K, Ed., Springer; Berlin, Germany, 2004, Chapter 10, pp 133-137; doi:10.1007/978-3-662-09259-0_10; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3662-09259-0_10. Meyer FP. "Indicative therapeutic and toxic drug concentrations in plasma: a tabulation." International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 1994, 32(2):71-81; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8004362; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/15195605. Meyer R. "Verbrennung Altarzneimitteln? [Incineration of old drugs?]." Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten [Monthly Journal of Medicine for Pharmacists] 1991, 14(12):370; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1784265. Meyer S, Eddleston M, Bailey B, Desel H, Gottschling S, and Gortner L. "Unintentional Household Poisoning in Children [Akzidentelle Vergiftungen im Haushalt im Kindesalter]." Klinische Padiatrie 2007, 219:254-270; http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-972567. Meyer Z. 2017, "Dog food recalled after discovery of euthanasia drug." Detroit Free Press, 6 February, 3 pp; http://www.freep.com/story/money/business/2017/02/06/drug-dog-food-recall-evangers/97552080/. Michael JB and Sztajnkrycer MD. "Deadly pediatric poisons: nine common agents that kill at low doses." Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 2004, 22(4):1019-1050; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emc.2004.05.004; http://emergency.med.ufl.edu/med_students/peds_rotation/reading_assignment/deadly%20pediatric%20poisons.pdf. Michigan DEQ. "A Remedy for Residential Drug Disposal." Michigan Department of Environment Quality (MDEQ), Lansing, MI, November, 2007, 2 pp; available: http://www.deq.state.mi.us/documents/deq-ess-cau-rxbrochure.pdf. Michigan DEQ "Drug Disposal." Web Page maintained by Michigan Department of Environment Quality (MDEQ), Lansing, MI, 2016, http://www.michigan.gov/deq/0,4561,7-135-3312_4118_74618---,00.html. Mieszkowski K. "Pharma May Pay to Dispose of Your Old Medicines: Faced with legislation, drug companies enter talks to create a voluntary pilot program in San Francisco." The Bay Citizen, 2010, The Bay Citizen, 23 November http://www.baycitizen.org/health/story/pharma-may-pay-disposeold-medicines/. Miles JB, Jr. "The requirements for disposal of contaminated waste once the needle has been destroyed." US Department of Labor, Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), Office of Health Compliance Assistance, Washington, DC, 1997. 2 pp; https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=INTERPRETATIONS&p_id=22373. Miley NA. "Alameda County Board of Supervisors Safe Drug Disposal." County of Alameda, Oakland, CA, 2012, 1 pp; available: https://www.acgov.org/aceh/safedisposal/index.htm; https://www.acgov.org/aceh/documents/SafeMed_FINAL.pdf. Millar J, MacKinnon W, Struthers MV, and Vass C. "A pilot study to investigate the use of instalment[sic] dispensing as a method of reducing drug wastage owing to adverse drug reactions." British Journal of General Practice 2003, 53(492):550-552; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14694669. Millar J, McNamee P, Heaney D, Selvaraj S, Bond C, Lindsay S, et al. "Does a system of instalment[sic] dispensing for newly prescribed medicines save NHS costs? Results from a feasibility study." Family Practice 2009, 26(2):163-168; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmn100. Miller C. 2008, "Drug Free Water Act of 2008." H.R. 6541: Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress, 110 th US Congress (2008-2009), 3 pp; http://www.opencongress.org/bill/110-h6451/show. Miller C. 2009, "Drug Free Water Act of 2009." H.R. 276: Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress, 111 st US Congress (2009-2010), 3 pp; http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h276/show. Miller C. 2011, "Drug Free Water Act of 2011." H.R. 1677: In the House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress, 112 th US Congress (2011-2012), 3 pp; http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h112-1677.

Miller EP. "Waste management: how to deal with outdated drugs, chemicals, and pet foods." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 2000, 42(2):112-114; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10750181. Miller G and Holn N. "PPCPs in the Illinois Environment: Current Information and Research Recommendations." Illinois Sustainable Technology Center ISTC, March, 2009, available: http://www.istc.illinois.edu/info/library_docs/tr/tr39.pdf. Miller SL. 2012, "Pharmacy Law CE Column: Proper disposal of unused medication." dsn.Collaborate Care, Drug Store News, 3 pp; http://www.cedrugstorenews.com/userapp/April%202012%20Law%20Column.cfm. Miller TC and Gerth J. 2013, "The Fix Isn’t In: Why a Safety Device That Can Stop Overdoses by Kids Isn’t Widely Used." ProPublica, Pro Publica Inc., New York, NY, 30 December, 8 pp; http://www.propublica.org/article/why-a-safety-device-that-could-prevent-thousands-of-drug-accidents-by-kids. Miller TK, Giampalmo S, Bouzaher M, and Moskal JT. "Understanding Patient Perceptions Regarding Unused Opioid Medication." AAOS Now 2017, October; https://www.aaos.org/AAOSNow/2017/Oct/Clinical/clinical03/?ssopc=1. Minhas R. "Waste not, want not: free money, moral hazard and value-based prescribing." International Journal of Clinical Practice 2011, 65(3):240-242; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2011.02646.x. Ministry of the Environment "Extended Producer Responsibility Regulation for the Collection of Post Consumer Waste Pharmaceuticals and Sharps (including syringes) to be made under the Environmental Protection Act." Web Page maintained by Government of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2012, http://www.ebr.gov.on.ca/ERS-WEB-External/displaynoticecontent.do?noticeId=MTE3MDM4&statusId=MTc1MTQ3&language=en. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency "Healthcare waste guidance documents." 2008, http://www.pca.state.mn.us/industry/healthcare.html. Mintegi S, Fernaé ndez A, Alustiza J, Canduela V, Mongil I, Caubet I, et al. "Emergency Visits for Childhood Poisoning: A 2-Year Prospective Multicenter Survey in Spain." Pediatric Emergency Care 2006, 22(5):334-338; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.pec.0000215651.50008.1b. Mireles MC. "A National Registry of Unused and Expired Medications: Preliminary Data Analysis." Third Annual Maine Benzodiazepine Study Group International Conference: Tract B - Annual Unused Medicine Return Conference, Bangor, ME, CRG Medical Foundation for Patient Safety, Bellaire, Texas, 12 October, 2005, 18 pp; http://www.umaine.edu/mainecenteronaging/documents/MBSGInternationalConference101205ReviewofUnusedMeds.ppt. Mireles MC. "How Much Unused and Expired Medicines are You Stockpiling at Home? Unused and Expired Medicines Registry." Kelsey Research Foundation 7th Annual Health Services and Outcomes Research Conference: Improving the Quality of HealthCare, Houston, TX, Community Medical Foundation for Patient Safety, Bellaire, TX, 2006, http://www.benzos.une.edu/documents/MirelesPoster110906.doc. Mireles MC. "Unused and Expired Medicines: A National Pandemic." Symbiosis: The Journal of Ecologically Sustainable Medicine 2007, Spring/Summer:40-41; http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.494.5788&rep=rep1&type=pdf. Mireles MC. 2012, "Medicines: The Social and Public Health Costs: Part 1." Fair Observer, Fair Observer, Munich, Germany, 8 January, 3 pp; http://www.fairobserver.com/article/medicines-social-and-public-health-costs. Mireles MC. 2012, "Misuse and Abuse of Medicines: Part 2 - Non-adherence to Medical Treatment." Fair Observer, Fair Observer, Munich, Germany, 11 January, 4 pp; http://www.fairobserver.com/article/misuse-and-abuse-medicines. Mireles MC. 2012, "Waste of Medicines: Part 3 - Direct and Indirect Cost of Wasted Medicines." Fair Observer, Fair Observer, Munich, Germany, 20 January, 4 pp; http://www.fairobserver.com/article/waste-medicines. Mireles MC. 2012, "What Can We Do? Part 4." Fair Observer, Fair Observer, Munich, Germany, 10 February, 4 pp; http://www.fairobserver.com/article/what-can-we-do. Mireles MC, Lefeber DJ, and Smith EA. "The National Directory of Drug Take-Back and Disposal Programs: Second Edition." Community Medical Foundation for Patient Safety, Bellaire, TX, 2011, 150 pp. Mistry V, Jeffery AJ, Madira W, Padfield CJH, and Rutty GN. "Methadone toxicity in infants: a report of two fatalities." Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology 2010, 6(2):116-120; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12024-009-9138-0. Mitchell JF. "Oral dosage forms that should not be crushed." Institute for Safe Medication Practices ISMP, Horsham, PA, 2008, 17 pp; available: http://www.ismp.org/Tools/DoNotCrush.pdf. Mitka M. "FDA: flush certain unused medications." Journal of the American Medical Association 2009, 302(19):2082; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1634. Mitt Watershed Council "Medicines in Our Waterways." Web Page maintained by Mitt Watershed Council, Petoskey, MI, 2014, http://www.watershedcouncil.org/learn/pharmacueticals-in-our-waters/. Mohankumar S. "Hospital waste management and environmental problems in India ." International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biologial Archive 2011, 2(6):1621-1626; http://www.ijpba.info/ijpba/index.php/ijpba/article/view/473. Mohr E. 2013, "Ex-Washington County deputy guilty in drug theft from drop box." TwinCities.com, Pioneer Press, Twin Cities, WA, 1 pp; http://www.twincities.com/crime/ci_24458187/ex-washington-county-deputy-guilty-drug-theft-from.

Molia AC, Tholon J-P, Lamiable DL, and Trenque TC. "Unintentional Pediatric Overdose of Propafenone." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2003, 37(7-8):11471148; http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1C479. Molof AH. "Pharmaceutical waste treatment by the trickling filter, activated sludge, and compost processes." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 1962, 4(2):197-209; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260040210. Molof AH and Zaleiko N. "Parameter of Disposal of Waste from Pharmaceutical Industry." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1965, 130 (Automotion in Industrial Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control)(3):851-857; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1965.tb12628.x. Monteiro SBMdS. "Resíéduos de medicamentos: presença nos RSU e comportamentos das famíélias face ao seu destino [Waste medicines present in MSW and behaviors of families in relation to its destination]." Masters Dissertation, New University of Lisbon, Faculty of Science and Technology, Lisbon, Portugal, 2009. 148 pp; http://dspace.fct.unl.pt/handle/10362/2455; http://dspace.fct.unl.pt/bitstream/10362/2455/1/Monteiro_2009.pdf. Monteith DK, Connor TH, Benvenuto JA, Fairchild EJ, and Theiss JC. "Stability and inactivation of mutagenic drugs and their metabolites in the urine of patients administered antineoplastic therapy." Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 1987, 10(4):341-356; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.2850100404. Morelli J. "Pediatric Poisonings: The 10 Most Toxic Prescription Drugs." American Journal of Nursing 1993, 93(7):27-29; http://journals.lww.com/ajnonline/Fulltext/1993/07000/Pediatric_Poisonings__The_10_Most_Toxic.17.aspx. Moretti M, Bonfiglioli R, Feretti D, Pavanello S, Mussi F, Grollino M, et al. "A study protocol for the evaluation of occupational mutagenic/carcinogenic risks in subjects exposed to antineoplastic drugs: a multicentric project." BMC Public Health 2011, 11(1):195; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-245811-195. Morgan TKL. 2009, "Down the Drain: Pharmaceutical Waste Disposal in the United States." Social Science Research Network (SSRN), 19 May, 1 pp; http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1407224; http://ssrn.com/abstract=1407224; https://lawlib.wlu.edu/works/582-1.pdf. Morgan TM. "The economic impact of wasted prescription medication in an outpatient population of older adults." Journal of Family Practice 2001, 50(9):779-781; http://www.jfponline.com/Pages.asp?AID=2323&UID=. Morissette H. "Is the current disposal process of unwanted drugs efficient? Perspectives and roles of Boots." Masters Dissertation, University of Nottingham, England, 2006. 82 pp; http://edissertations-dev.nottingham.ac.uk/551/1/dissertation.pdf.pdf. Morrell, Campbell, Priest, Dickerson, Hudgins, Rodne, et al. 2009, "HB 1165 - 2009-10: Providing for the safe collection and disposal of unwanted drugs from residential sources through a producer provided and funded product stewardship program." State of Washington, 61st Legislature, 15 pp; http://apps.leg.wa.gov/billinfo/summary.aspx?bill=1165&year=2009. Morris-Kukoski CL, Corden TE, Zempsky WT, Windle ML, Tucker JR, and Petry PD "Pediatric Single-Dose Fatal Ingestions." Web Page maintained by WebMD LLC, 2014, http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1011108-overview; http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1011108-overview#showall Morris-Kukoski CL and Egland AG. 2009, "Toxicity, Deadly in a Single Dose." emedicine, WebMD, Medscape, 23 April, http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1011108-overview. Morrison J. "Environmental Protection Agency Proposes to Halt Health Care Facilities from Flushing some Drugs down the Drain: Water Pollution: Action aimed at unused pharmaceuticals considered hazardous waste." Chemical and Engineering News 2015, 93(35):11. Morse C. "Pharmaceutical waste management: Compliance with environmental regulations." Drug Topics 2012, April:8; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Welcome+to+ModernMedicine/Pharmaceutical-waste-management-Compliance-withen/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/770171?contextCategoryId=40159. Moseley D. "Advance Notice of Methodological Changes for Calendar Year (CY) 2011 for Medicare Advantage (MA) Capitation Rates, Part C and Part D Payment Policies and 2011 Call Letter. Section 1, New Policy, Part D, I. Part D Benefits: Encouragement of Sponsor Practices to Curb Waste of Unused Drugs Dispensed in the Retail Setting." Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, MD, 2010, 98 pp; available: http://www.ascp.com/advocacy/cms/upload/Advance%202011%20Call%20Letter.pdf. Mowry JB, Spyker DA, Brooks DE, McMillan N, and Schauben JL. "2014 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ National Poison Data System (NPDS): 32nd Annual Report." Clinical Toxicology 2015, 53(10):962-1146; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2015.1102927. Mowry JB, Spyker DA, Cantilena J, Louis R., Bailey JE, and Ford M. "2012 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 30th Annual Report." Clinical Toxicology 2013, 51:949-1229; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2013.863906. Mowry JB, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR, McMillan N, and Ford M. "2013 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ National Poison Data System (NPDS): 31st Annual Report." Clinical Toxicology 2014, 52(10):1032-1283; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2014.987397. MPA. 2011, "Swedish initiative for green medicine production." Medical Products Agency (MPA), Uppsala, Sweden, 4 July, 1 pp; http://www.lakemedelsverket.se/english/All-news/NYHETER-2011/Swedish-initiative-for-green-medicine-production/. MPCA. "Program Management Decision Memo: Facilitating safe and efficient collection and management of waste pharmaceutical, generated from households." Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, St. Paul, MN, 9 September, 2010, 7 pp. Mrvos R, Dean BS, and Krenzelok EP. "Illiteracy: a contributing factor to poisoning." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1993, 35(5):466-468; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8249274; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/14950565.

Mrvos R and Krenzelok EP. "Do most pediatric poisonings occur while a product is in use?" Clinical Toxicology 2008, 46(7):630 (Abs 226). MTAP "Intern develops customized solution for addressing pharmaceutical sample waste at two clinics." Web Page maintained by Minnesota Technical Assistance Program, University of Minnesota, 2008, http://www.mntap.umn.edu/health/CAHS.html. Mukherjee S. 2016, "Big Pharma under Pressure to Pay for Drug Take-Back Programs." Fortune, Fortune.com, 30 April, 3 pp; http://fortune.com/2016/04/30/big-pharma-drug-take-back/?xid=for_fb_sh. Muller AA. "Small amounts of some drugs can be toxic to young children: One pill or one swallow can require aggressive treatment." Journal of Emergency Nursing 2003, 29(3):290-293; http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/men.2003.82. Muller Ramirez CF. "Advancing the Capability of Low and Middle Income Latin American Countries in the Evaluation of Occupational Exposures to Hazardous Drugs among Health Care Workers." Doctoral Dissertation, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 2015. 92 pp; http://archive.hshsl.umaryland.edu/handle/10713/4855. Mullins ME, Warden CR, and Horowitz BZ. "Delayed hypoglycemia after ingestion of a single glipizide tablet." Annals of Emergency Medicine 1999, 33(1):129-130; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(99)70437-3. Mullowney J. "We Put a Man on the Moon." TEDxNewport, 23 January 2017; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zX6OsvzZdOw. Mullowney JT. "System and Method for Disposal of Mutagen Waste." Patent Application: 2009, 15 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2009/0265845.html. Mullowney JT and O'Keefe TL. "System and method for disposal of mutagen waste." Patent Application: 2012, 15 pp; http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/patog/week04/OG/classification/cpcClassGroup_B09.html. Muragundi PM, Priyendu A, Janodia M, Ligade VS, Udupa N, and Naik AN. "PHP31 Knowledge and Practice of Disposal of Date Expired and Unused Drugs." Value in Health 2012, 15(7):A615; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2012.08.082. Murphy MJ. "Toxin exposures in dogs and cats: drugs and household products." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 1994, 205(4):557-560; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7961089. Murray J, Fernand R, and Pahl O. "A Review of Drug Disposal in Scotland: with an Emphasis on the Aquatic Environment." Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, 2005, 20 pp. Murray P. 2009, "S. 1336: Safe Drug Disposal Act of 2009." 111th US Congress (2009-2010), http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi? dbname=111_cong_bills&docid=f:s1336is.txt.pdf; http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=s111-1336. Musshoff F, Padosch S, Steinborn S, and Madea B. "Fatal blood and tissue concentrations of more than 200 drugs." Forensic Science International 2004, 142(2-3):161-210; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.02.017. Musson S. "Detection of selected pharmaceutical compounds and determination of their fate in modern lined landfills." Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2008. 216 pp; http://gradworks.umi.com/34/16/3416464.html; http://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/UF/E0/02/20/13/00001/musson_s.pdf. Musson S and Townsend T. "Management of discarded pharmaceuticals." Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management 1998, 2(3):89-93; http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/%28ASCE%291090-025X%281998%292%3A3%2889%29. Musson S and Townsend T. "Detection of Selected Pharmaceutical Compounds and Determination of Their Fate in Modern Lined Landfills." University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 31 March, 2008, 96 pp; available: http://calpsc.org/admin-document-upload/doc_download/720-detection-of-selectedpharmaceutical-compounds-and-determination-of-their-fate-in-modern-lined-landfills-2008. Musson SE. "Determination of Selected Pharmaceutical Compounds and Determination of their Fate in Modern Lined Landfills." Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida, Department of Environment Engineering Sciences, Gainesville, FL, 2008. 101 pp; http://gradworks.umi.com/34/16/3416464.html. Musson SE, Townsend T, Seaburg K, and Mousa J. "A continuous collection system for household pharmaceutical wastes: A pilot for household project." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2007, 57(7):828-835; http://dx.doi.org/10.3155/1047-3289.57.7.828. Musson SE and Townsend TG. "Pharmaceutical compound content of municipal solid waste." Journal of Hazardous Materials 2009, 162(2-3):730-735; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.05.089. Mytton JA, Towner EML, Powell J, Pilkington PA, and Gray S. "Taking the long view: a systematic review reporting long-term perspectives on child unintentional injury." Injury Prevention 2012, 18(5):334-342; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040343. NAABT "End the 30/100 Patient limits on Care. Why this current rationing policy must end: 20 Reasons to End the Patient Limits on Buprenorphine." Web Page maintained by The National Alliance of Advocates for Buprenorphine Treatment (NAABT), Farmington, CT, 2013, https://www.naabt.org/reasons.cfm.

NABP, "Developing Drug Repository Programs Raise Concerns, Boards of Pharmacy Contribute Expertise in Creation of Regulations." National Association of Boards of Pharmacy, National Association of Boards of Pharmacy, April, 2009, 38 4: 83-85 pp; http://www.nabp.net/publications/assets/April09NABP.pdf. NABP. "2008-2009 Report of the Task Force on Medication Collection Programs." National Association of Boards of Pharmacy, Mount Prospect, IL, 2009, 7 pp; available: https://www.nabp.net/news/2008-2009-report-of-the-task-force-on-medication-collection-programs; http://www.nabp.net/news/assets/08TF_Med_Collection_Programs.pdf. NABP "Verified Internet Pharmacy Practice Sites (VIPPS): FAQs." Web Page maintained by National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP), Mount Prospect, IL, 2010, http://www.nabp.net/programs/accreditation/vipps/vipps-faqs/ NABP "Vet-VIPPS." Web Page maintained by National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP), Mount Prospect, IL, 2010, http://www.nabp.net/programs/accreditation/vet-vipps/. NABP. "Internet Drug Outlet Identification Program: Progress Report for State and Federal Regulators: July 2013." National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP), Mount Prospect, IL, 2013, 14 pp; available: https://awarerx.s3.amazonaws.com/system/redactor_assets/documents/237/NABP_Internet_Drug_Outlet_Report_July2013.pdf. NABP "AWARxE: Get Informed, Prescription Drug Safety." Web Page maintained by National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP), Mount Prospect, IL, 2013, http://www.awarerx.org/. NABP. 2014, "DEA Finalizes Rule on Controlled Substance Prescription Drug Disposal." National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP), 10 September, 2 pp; http://www.nabp.net/news/dea-finalizes-rule-on-controlled-substance-prescription-drug-disposal. NACo. 2009, "National Association of Counties: Resolution Adopted July 28, 2009 - Resolution in Support of a Safe, Convenient Medicine Return Program." The National Association of Counties, Nashville, TN, 28 July, 2 pp; http://www.productpolicy.org/ppi/attachments/NACo-2009Pharmaceuticals-resolution.pdf. NACo. 2009, "NACo Adopts Pharmaceutical Take-Back Resolution - National Association of Counties Adopts Resolution on Producer Responsibility for Unwanted Medicines." The National Association of Counties, Nashville, TN, 28 July, http://www.productpolicy.org/ppi-update/naco-adoptspharmaceutical-take-back-resolution. NACWA. "Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment: A White Paper on Options for the Wastewater Treatment Community." The National Association of Clean Water Agencies, Washington, DC, November, 2008, 14 pp; available: http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/quick_topics/publications/shw/meds/NACWA-PPCPWhitePaper1105.pdf. NACWA. "Comment to EPA regarding proposed addition of hazardous pharmaceutical wastes to the Universal Waste Rule." The National Association of Clean Water Agencies, Washington, DC, EPA-HQ-RCRA-2007-0932, 4 March, 2009, 3 pp; available: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=09000064808ecf4a&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. NACWA. "Comment to DEA regarding Drug Enforcement Agency’s Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPRM) seeking information on the disposal of controlled substances." The National Association of Clean Water Agencies, Washington, DC, DEA-316, 23 March, 2009, 3 pp; available: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648092bd86&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. NADDI "Project Drug Drop - Supporting Drug Take Back Programs." Web Page maintained by National Association of Drug Diversion Investigators, Lebanon, OH, 2010, http://www.projectdrugdrop.com/main. NADDI. "Law Enforcement Toolkit for Drug Take-backs." National Association of Drug Diversion Investigators, Lutherville, MD, Year Unknown, 41 pp. NADDI. "Project Drug Drop: Basic Drug Take-Back Event Guidelines for Law Enforcement." National Association of Drug Diversion Investigators, Lutherville, MD, Year Unknown, 14 pp. Nair PM, Chacko A, and Venugopalan P. "Accidental tricyclic antidepressant poisoning in a 2 year-old boy." Neurosciences 2002, 7(1):50-52; http://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds%5B%5D=citjournalarticle_411821_38; http://www.neurosciencesjournal.org/pdffiles/Jan02/Accidental.pdf. Naito T, Osawa T, Suzuki N, Goto T, Takada A, Nakamichi H, et al. "Comparison of Contamination Levels on the Exterior Surfaces of Vials Containing Platinum Anticancer Drugs in Japan." Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2012, 35(11):2043-2049; https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bpb/35/11/35_b12-00628/_article. Nakano T, Hirose J, Kobayashi T, Hiro N, Kondo F, Tamai H, et al. "Application of electrolysis to inactivation of antibacterials in clinical use." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2013, 90:98-102; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.12.017. Nakyanzi JK, Kitutu FE, Oria H, and Kamba PF. "Expiry of medicines in supply outlets in Uganda." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2010, 88:154158; http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.08.057471. Nalliah RP, Anderson IM, Lee MK, Rampa S, Allareddy V, and Allareddy V. "Children in the United States Make Close to 200,000 Emergency Department Visits Due to Poisoning Each Year." Pediatric Emergency Care 2014, 30(7):453-457; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000000160. NAMSDL. "Returns of Unused Pharmaceuticals by Consumers and Health Care Facilities." The National Alliance for Model State Drug Laws (NAMSDL), Alexandria, VA, 23 February, 2009, 4 pp; available: http://www.namsdl.org/documents/ReturnsofUnusedPharmaceuticalsHighlightsFebruary2009.pdf.

NAMSDL "National Alliance for Model State Drug Laws." Web Page maintained by The National Alliance for Model State Drug Laws (NAMSDL), Alexandria, VA, 2010, http://www.namsdl.org/home.htm. NAMSDL. "Prescription Drug Take-Back & Drop-Off Programs: Statewide and Regional Efforts." The National Alliance for Model State Drug Laws (NAMSDL), Santa Fe, NM, 18 February, 2010, 3 pp; available: http://www.namsdl.org/documents/PrescriptionDrugTakeBackProgramsforConsumers2010.pdf. NAMSDL. "Return, reuse & disposal of unused pharmaceuticals." Working Group Meeting, Arlington, VA, National Alliance for Model State Drug Laws (NAMSDL), Santa Fe, NM, 4-5 November, 2010, 26 pp; http://www.namsdl.org/documents/ReturnofUnusedPharmaceuticals-WorkingGroupFinalReport.pdf. NAMSDL. "Drug pedigree requirements for pharmacies and wholesales: State statutes." The National Alliance for Model State Drug Laws, Santa Fe, NY, July, 2011, 293 pp; available: www.namsdl.org/documents/StateStatutoryCompilationJuly2011.pdf. Nanji KC, Rothschild JM, Salzberg C, Keohane CA, Zigmont K, Devita J, et al. "Errors associated with outpatient computerized prescribing systems." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 2011, 18(6):767-773; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2011-000205. NanoInk "NanoGuardian: State-of-the-art, nanotechnology-based defense against pharmaceutical counterfeiting and illegal diversion." Web Page maintained by NanoInk, Inc, Skokie, IL, 2010, http://www.nanoguardian.net/index.php. NAO. "Prescribing costs in primary care." National Audit Office (NAO), London, UK, 18 May, 2007, 39 pp; available: http://www.nao.org.uk/publications/press_notice_home/0607/0607454.aspx; http://www.nao.org.uk/publications/0607/costs_in_primary_care.aspx. NAPRA "Resources for Pharmacy Operators: Recycling and disposal of dispensed drugs." Web Page maintained by National Association of Pharmacy Regulatory Authorities, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2009, http://www.napra.org/pages/Practice_Resources/resources_for_pharmacy_operators.aspx? id=2128. Narsh G and Walsh WJ. 2015, "Recent Developments regarding Disposal of Pharmaceutical Products." JD Supra Business Advisor, JD Supra, LLP, Sausalita, CA, 23 June, 3 pp; http://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/recent-developments-regarding-disposal-49830/. Naso C, Jenkins AJ, and Younger D, III. "A Study of Drug Detection in a Postmortem Pediatric Population." Journal of Forensic Sciences 2008, 53(2):483490. Nason JA. "Literature Review: Occurrence and Fate of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Landfill Leachate." Oregon Association of Clean Water Agencies, Portland, OR, August, 2007, 18 pp; available: http://calrecycle.ca.gov/HomeHazWaste/Events/Pharma/2010/Jul20/Comments/WasteMgmt.pdf. Nathan A, Goodyer L, Lovejoy A, and Rashid A. "‘Brown bag’ medication reviews as a means of optimizing patients' use of medication and of identifying potential clinical problems." Family Practice 1999, 16(3):278-282; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fampra/16.3.278. Nathan C and Cars O. "Antibiotic Resistance — Problems, Progress, and Prospects." New England Journal of Medicine 2014, 371:1761-1763; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1408040. Nathan S and Deamant CD. "Medication Disposal #286." Journal of Palliative Medicine 2015, 18(1):1-2; http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2015.0004. Naun CA, Olsen CS, Dean JM, Olson LM, Cook LJ, and Keenan HT. "Can poison control data be used for pharmaceutical poisoning surveillance?" Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 2011, 18(3):225-231; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2010.004317. Nava-Ocampo AA, Alarcoé n-Almanza JM, Moyao-Garcíéa D, Ramíérez-Mora JC, and Salmeroé n J. "Undocumented drug utilization and drug waste increase costs of pediatric anesthesia care." Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology 2004, 18(1):107-112; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.07673981.2003.00214.x. Naylor C and Appleby J. "Sustainable health and social care: Connecting environmental and financial performance." The King's Fund, London, UK, 22 March, 2012, 28 pp; available: http://www.kingsfund.org.uk/publications/sustainable_health.html. NCHS "Drug Poisoning Mortality: United States, 1999–2014." Web Page maintained by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Atlanta, GA, 2016, http://blogs.cdc.gov/nchs-data-visualization/drug-poisoning-mortality/. NCPA. "Take as directed: A prescription not followed - New survey shows improper medication use reaching crisis proportions." National Community Pharmacists Association, Alexandria, VA, 15 December, 2006, 1 pp; available: http://www.ncpanet.org/media/releases/2006/take_as_directed.php. NCPA "Protect Your Pharmacy Now! Prescription Disposal Program." Web Page maintained by National Community Pharmacists Association, 2009, http://www.ncpanet.org/members/pdp.php. NCPA "Dispose of My Meds." Web Page maintained by National Community Pharmacists Association (NCPA), Alexandria, VA, 2010, http://www.disposemymeds.org/. NCPA. 2010, "800 Community Pharmacies Launch Initiative for Safe Disposal of Unused Patient Medications." NCPA News Release, National Community Pharmacists Association, Alexandria, VA, 2 pp; http://www.ncpanet.org/index.php/news-releases/144-800-community-pharmacies-launch-initiativefor-safe-disposal-of-unused-patient-medications.

NCPA. "Waste Not, Want Not: Examples of mail order pharmacy waste." National Community Pharmacists Association, Alexandria, VA, 2011; http://www.ncpanet.org/pdf/leg/sep11/mail_order_waste.pdf. NCPA. 2012, "In Push for Savings, Don’t Overlook Mail Order Pharmacy Wastage." The Dose, National Community Pharmacists Association (NCPA), http://ncpanet.wordpress.com/2012/11/28/in-push-for-savings-dont-overlook-mail-order-pharmacy-wastage/. NCPA. 2012, "Mail Order Pharmacy Waste Highlighted at Congressional Hearing." The Dose, National Community Pharmacists Association (NCPA), 4 pp; http://ncpanet.wordpress.com/2011/09/29/mail-order-pharmacy-waste-highlighted-at-congressional-hearing/. NCPA and Purdue Pharma "Safeguard Meds - Personal Responsibility: Learning the Right Way to Safeguard Prescription Medicine and Doing Your Part to Prevent Prescription Abuse." 2010, http://www.safeguardmymeds.org/. NCPIE. "Topical Bibliography on Medicine Compliance." National Council on Patient Information and Education (NCPIE), Rockville, MD, 2002, 2nd Edition; http://www.talkaboutrx.org/educational_resources.jsp?catalog_num=%23R-02. NCPIE. "Enhancing Prescription Medicine Adherence: A National Action Plan." National Council on Patient Information and Education (NCPIE), Rockville, MD, August, 2007, 38 pp; available: http://www.talkaboutrx.org/documents/enhancing_prescription_medicine_adherence.pdf. NCPIE. 2008, "Tips on safe storage and disposal of your prescription medicines." National Council on Patient Information and Education, Bethesda, MD, 2 pp; available: http://www.learnaboutrxsafety.org/pdf/NCPIE_Safe_StorageBrochure.pdf. NCSL "Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs)." Web Page maintained by National Conference of State Legislatures, 2010, http://www.ncsl.org/default.aspx?tabid=12726. NCSL. "State Prescription Drug Return, Reuse and Recycling Laws." National Conference of State Legislatures, updated September, 2012, available: http://www.ncsl.org/issues-research/health/state-prescription-drug-return-reuse-and-recycling.aspx. Neergaard L. "If remedy for old drugs is flushing, experts have advice: Don't." The Daily Gazette, 2003, 9 September 1 pp; http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ed8qAAAAIBAJ&sjid=UIgFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1076,1902640. NEIWPCC. "Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products: State of the Science." 2007 Northeast Water Science Forum, Portland, MA, New England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission, Lowell, MA, 8-9 August, 2007, http://www.neiwpcc.org/ppcpconference/index.asp. Nelsen J, Holland M, Dougherty M, Bernad J, Stork C, and Marraffa J. "Severe Central Nervous System and Cardiovascular Toxicity in a Pediatric Patient after Ingestion of an Over-the-Counter Local Anesthetic." Pediatric Emergency Care 2009, 25(10):670-673; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181b91e8c. Nelson D, Ho J, Pacaud D, and Stephure D. "Virilization in two pre-pubertal children exposed to topical androgen." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 2013, 26(9-10):981-985; http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2013-0127. Nelson L and Schwaner R. "Transdermal fentanyl: Pharmacology and toxicology." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2009, 5(4):230-241; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03178274. Nelson SJ, Hyma BA, Judd GC, Caballero M, Jones K, Kohl ME, et al. "Drugs Identified in Deceased Persons by Florida Medical Examiners - 2007 Report." Medical Examiners Commission, Florida Department of Law Enforcement, June, 2008, 43 pp; available: http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/content/getdoc/036671bc-4148-4749-a891-7e3932e0a483/Publications.aspx. Nelson SJ, Thogmartin JR, Judd GC, Caballero M, Jones K, Dillinger RH, et al. "Drugs Identified in Deceased Persons by Florida Medical Examiners - 2005 Report." Medical Examiners Commission, Florida Department of Law Enforcement, May, 2006, 41 pp; available: http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/content/getdoc/036671bc-4148-4749-a891-7e3932e0a483/Publications.aspx. Nelson SJ, Thogmartin JR, Judd GC, Caballero M, Jones K, Dillinger RH, et al. "Drugs Identified in Deceased Persons by Florida Medical Examiners - 2006 Report." Medical Examiners Commission, Florida Department of Law Enforcement, June, 2007, 42 pp; available: http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/content/getdoc/036671bc-4148-4749-a891-7e3932e0a483/Publications.aspx. Nema SK and Ganeshprasad KS. "Plasma pyrolysis of medical waste." Current Science 2002, 83(3):271-278; http://www.currentscience.ac.in/cs/Downloads/article_id_083_03_0271_0278_0.pdf. Nemathaga F, Maringa S, and Chimuka L. "Hospital solid waste management practices in Limpopo Province, South Africa: A case study of two hospitals." Waste Management 2008, 28(7):1236-1245; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.03.033. NERC "Unwanted Medications Collection." Web Page maintained by Northeast Recycling Council, Turners Falls (Montague), MA, 2010, http://www.nerc.org/topic_areas/unwanted_medications_collections.html. NESC. "Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products: an Overview." Pipeline (National Environmental Services Center) 2007, 18(1):1-7; http://www.nesc.wvu.edu/pdf/WW/publications/pipline/pl_wi07.pdf. Nessa K, Quaiyum MA, and Khuda B-e-. "Waste management in healthcare facilities: A review." Centre for Health and Population Research, Khan MSI, Ed., Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2001, 39 pp; available: http://www.icddrb.org/images/wp144.pdf.

Nesseth D. 2012, "Pharma, syringe EPR reg gets nod from OWMA: Reg would come into effect under the Environmental Protection Act on October 1, 2012." Solid Waste & Recycling, EcoLog Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 10 September, 3 pp; http://www.solidwastemag.com/news/pharmasyringe-epr-reg-gets-nod-from-owma/1001682867/. Nevada State Board of Pharmacy. "Annual Returned Drug Report 2009." Nevada State Board of Pharmacy, 2009, 4 pp; available: http://bop.nv.gov/PDFs/Return_of_Drugs_Report_2009.pdf. New Hampshire DES "Medicine Disposal Information for New Hampshire." Web Page maintained by New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, 2009, http://des.nh.gov/organization/divisions/water/dwgb/dwspp/medsafety/index.htm. New Hampshire DES "Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment." Web Page maintained by New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, 2009, http://des.nh.gov/organization/divisions/water/dwgb/dwspp/pharmaceuticals.htm. New Hampshire DES. "How to address unused medicine disposal in New Hampshire." New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, April, 2009, 18 pp; available: http://des.nh.gov/organization/commissioner/pip/publications/wmd/documents/unused_medicine.pdf. New Mexico Board of Pharmacy "Drug Disposal." Web Page maintained by New Mexico Regulation & Licensing Department, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 2010, http://www.rld.state.nm.us/pharmacy/disposal.html. New York State DEC. "Proper Disposal of Household Prescriptions and Over-the-Counter Drugs." Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, NY, 2008, available: http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/45083.html. New York State DEC. 2010, "What DEC and Others are Doing to Reduce Drugs in Surface Waters." New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, NY, 3 pp; http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/45118.html. New York State DEC. "FAQs about Proper Disposal of Drugs." Department Environmental Conservation, Albany, NY, 30 May, 2010, 3 pp; available: http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/45189.html. NEWMOA. "Pharmaceutical Waste Reduction & Discharge Issues." Pharmaceutical Waste Reduction Web Conference, Boston, MA, Northeast Waste Management Officials' Association, 17 February, 2004, http://www.newmoa.org/prevention/webconferences/pharmaceuticals.cfm. NEWMOA. "Northeast Waste Management Officials’ Association (NEWMOA) comment on EPA's “Management Standards for Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals: Proposed Rules” " Northeast Waste Management Officials' Association (NEWMOA), Washington, DC, Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-RCRA2007-0932 22 December, 2015, 7 pp; available: http://www.newmoa.org/publications/letters/Comments_Pharmaceutical_Waste_Rule.pdf. Nguyen A, Tzianetas R, and Louie S. "Responsible drug disposal program in North Vancouver." Canadian Medical Association Journal 2002, 166(10):1252-1253; http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/166/10/1252-a; http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/data/166/10/1252-a/DC1/1. Nguyen MB, Pizon AF, Branas CC, and Fabio A. "Regional variations in pediatric medication exposure: Spatial analysis of poison center utilization in western Pennsylvania." Clinical Toxicology 2016, 54(1):47-52; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2015.1113543. Ngwuluka NC, Ochekpe NA, and Odumosu PO. "An assessment of pharmaceutical waste management in some Nigerian pharmaceutical industries." African Journal of Biotechnology 2011, 19(54):11259-11264; http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/96113. NHS. "NHS Leicester City launches major campaign to reduce medicine wastage." NHS Leicester City, Leicester City, UK, 12 February, 2009, 3 pp; available: http://www.leicestercity.nhs.uk/MedicineWasteCampaign2120209-pdf.cmsdoc. NHS "Only order what you need." Web Page maintained by NHS, Edinburgh, Scotland, 2013, http://www.medicinewaste.com/campaign. NHS Local. 2012, "Storing and disposing of medicines safely." NHS Local, Progress Works, Heath Mill Lane, Birmingham, England, 14 February, http://www.nhslocal.nhs.uk/story/features/storing-and-disposing-medicines-safely. NHS PASA. "Sustainable procurement in pharmacy." Skipton House, London, UK, National Health Service - Purchasing and Supply Agency, 29 October, 2007, http://www.pasa.nhs.uk/PASAWeb/NHSprocurement/Sustainabledevelopment/Sustainableprocurementinpharmacy.htm. Nicholson WA. "Collection of unwanted drugs from private homes." British Medical Journal 1967, 3(5567):730-731; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.3.5567.730. Nielsen U. "Danish Management of Hospital Wastewater." DHI, Denmark, 7 April 2014; http://www.janusinfo.se/Documents/Fortbildning/Ulf %20Nielsen.pdf. NIH "Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)." Web Page maintained by U.S. National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, (4 August); 2010, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/. Nimbalkar SM and Patel DV. "Near Fatal Case of Amlodipine Poisoning in an Infant." Indian Journal of Pediatrics 2012, 80(6):513-515; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-012-0861-2. NIMHD. "Notice of Intent to Publish a Funding Opportunity Announcement for NIMHD Transdisciplinary Collaborative Centers for Health Disparities Research Focused on Precision Medicine (U54)." National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD), National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, April, 2015, 2 pp; available: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-MD-15-005.html.

NIOSH. "Nitroglycerin." Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs), 1996, available: http://www.cdc.gov/NIOSH/IDLH/55630.html. NIOSH. "NIOSH Alert: Preventing Occupational Exposure to Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs in Health Care Settings, Appendix A: Drugs Considered Hazardous." NIOSH Publication No. 2004-165, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Atlanta, GA, 2004. 58 pp; http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2004-165/pdfs/2004-165.pdf. NIOSH. "Preventing Occupational Exposures to Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs in Health Care Settings." Publication Number 2004−16, Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, OH, 2004. 58 pp; http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2004-165/pdfs/2004-165.pdf. NIOSH. "List of Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs in Healthcare Settings 2010 (157 drugs)." Department of Health and Human Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevision, and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 2010−167, September, 2010, 16 pp; available: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2010-167/. NIOSH. "NIOSH List of Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs in Healthcare Settings 2012: Proposed Additions and Deletions to the NIOSH Hazardous Drug List." Federal Register 2011, 76(148):46299; http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/archive/pdfs/NIOSH-190/0190-080211-frn.pdf. NIOSH. "List of Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs in Healthcare Settings 2012." Department of Health and Human Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 2012−150 (Supersedes 2010–167), June, 2012, 20 pp; available: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2012-150/pdfs/2012-150.pdf. NIOSH "Occupational Exposure to Antineoplastic Agents." Web Page maintained by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, 2014, http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/antineoplastic/default.html. NIOSH "Hazardous drug exposures in health care." Web Page maintained by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 2014, http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/hazdrug/. NIOSH. "Proposed Additions and Deletions to the NIOSH Hazardous Drug List 2014." Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 2014. 2 pp; http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docket/review/docket233/pdf/FRN_HD_LIST_2014.pdf. NIOSH "Occupational Exposure to Antineoplastic Agents: Environmental Sampling, Decontamination Protective Equipment, Closed System Transfer Devices, and Work Practice." Web Page maintained by Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 2014, http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/antineoplastic/sampling.html. Nipa NY, Ahmed S, Rahman SM, Haider B, and Uddin MB. "Improper Management of Pharmaceutical Waste in South and South-East Asian Regions." Journal of Environmental Studies 2017, 3(1):1-7; https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Niluferyeasmin_Nipa/publication/315823710. Niquille A and Bugnon O. "Pharmaceuticals and Environment: Role of Community Pharmacies." in Pharmaceuticals in the environment - Sources, fate, effects and risks, 3rd edition; Kuö mmerer K, Ed., Springer; Berlin, Germany, 2008, Chapter 29, pp 467-473; doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74664-5_29; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74664-5_29. Nirappil F. 2012, "California county to vote on Rx drug disposal bill." seattlepi.com, Hearst Communications Inc., Seattle, WA, 23 July, 2 pp; http://www.seattlepi.com/news/article/California-county-to-vote-on-Rx-drug-disposal-bill-3728502.php. Nisse P, Lhermitte M, Dherbecourt V, Fourier C, Leclerc F, Houdret N, et al. "Intoxication mortelle apreà s ingestion accidentelle de xylocaine visqueuse aà 2% chez une jeune enfant [Fatal intoxication after accidental ingestion of viscous 2% lidocaine in a young child]." Acta Clinica Belgica - Supplementum 2002, Suppl(1):51-53; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11974445. Niven N, "Norman Niven on wasted medicine." Health Service Journal, 12 November, 2008, http://www.hsj.co.uk/norman-niven-on-wastedmedicine/1912324.article. Nolan K and Auerbach M. 2010, "Pharmacy Settles Whistleblower Case Involving Drug-Recycling Allegations." PRWeb, Nolan & Auerbach, P.A., Ft. Lauderdale, FL, 3 December, http://www.prweb.com/releases/2010/12/prweb4859734.htm. Nolan K, Kamrath J, and Levitt J. "Lindane Toxicity: A Comprehensive Review of the Medical Literature." Pediatric Dermatology 2012, 29(2):141-146; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1470.2011.01519.x. Nolen RS and Kahler SC. "Drug disposal guidelines approved, antimicrobial use task force to be formed." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2009, 235(5):479-481. Normal A "How to donate unused medicine: the Starfish Project." 2008, http://www.ehow.com/how_2198300_donate-unused-leftover-medicines.html; http://www.thestarfishproject.org/. Norris DC. "One-size-fits-all dosing in oncology wastes money, innovation and lives." Drug Discovery Today 2017, In press; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2017.11.008. North Carolina Board of Pharmacy Investigations and Inspections. "Drug disposal procedures." NC Board of Pharmacy, Department of Investigations & Inspections, Chapel Hill, NC, 2008. http://www.ncbop.org/Forms/DrugDisposalForm.pdf. Northern New England Poison Center. "Medication Disposal Summary Report." 17 January, 2008, 6 pp; available: http://www.mainehealth.org/workfiles/mmc_services/Med_Disposal_Technical_Document_FINAL.pdf.

NPDS "National Poison Data System (NPDS)." American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC) 2014; http://www.aapcc.org/data-system/. NSC. "Prescription Drug Community Action Kit: Safe Medication Disposal Guide." National Safety Council (NSC), Itasca, IL, 2015, 8 pp; available: http://www.nsc.org/RxDrugOverdoseDocuments/Rx%20community%20action%20kit%202015/CAK-Safe-Medication-Disposal-Guide.pdf. NTG. "Return of unwanted medicines Remote health atlas – section 16: pharmacy." Department of Health and Families, Government, Northern Territory, Australia, May, 2009, available: http://remotehealthatlas.nt.gov.au/return_of_unwanted_medicines.pdf. Nursing Standard. "Methadone the most common cause of UK toddler deaths due to prescription drug poisoning." Nursing Standard 2016, 30(41):15; https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.30.41.15.s19. NWPSC "Pharmaceuticals and Products Stewardship." Web Page maintained by Northwest Product Stewardship Council, Washington State, 2008, http://www.productstewardship.net/productsPharmaceuticalsIntlprograms.html. Nygaard B, Saedder EA, Dalhoff K, Wikkelsoe M, and Juö rgens G. "Levothyroxine Poisoning – Symptoms and Clinical Outcome." Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology 2015, 117(4):280-285; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12401. NYS Dept. of Environmental Conservation "Household Drug Collection Schedule." Web Page maintained by New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, NY, 2012, http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/63826.html. NYSDEC. "NYSDEC Guidance for Proper Pharmaceutical Disposal - CP # 66." Division of Water and Materials Management, New York State Department of Conservation (NYSDEC), Albany, NY, 1 May, 2017, 10 pp; available: http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/water_pdf/cp66.pdf. NYWEA. "Contaminants of Emerging Concern for Our Water Environment: Prevalence of Pharmaceuticals and Steps for Prevention and Removal." Clearwaters 2008, 38(3); https://nywea.org/clearwaters/08-3-fall/001-Cover.pdf. OACWA. "Oregon Pharmaceutical Take Back Stakeholder Group: Executive Summary." Oregon Association of Clean Water Agencies (OACWA), Portland, Oregon, July, 2007, 2 pp; available: http://www.oracwa.org/downloads/drugtakeback-execsum_0907.pdf?PHPSESSID=c0c9fcb7f4725d44923ec5c6; Complete report available at www.oracwa.org. Oaks JL, Gilbert M, Virani MZ, Watson RT, Meteyer CU, Rideout BA, et al. "Diclofenac residues as the cause of vulture population decline in Pakistan." Nature 2004, 427(6975):630-633; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02317. Obafunwa JO and Busuttil A. "Deaths from Substance Overdose in the Lothian and Borders Region of Scotland (1983-1991)." Human & Experimental Toxicology 1994, 13(6):401-406; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719401300606. Oberst BB. "Accidental fatal dibistine poisoning." The Journal of Pediatrics 1955, 46(4):451-452; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(55)80151-5. O'Boye S. 2014, "DEA Announces New Ways for the Public to Dispose of Unused Controlled Substances." DEA Chronicles, Quarles & Brady LLP, 8 September, 3 pp; http://deachronicles.quarles.com/2014/09/dea-announces-new-ways-for-the-public-to-dispose-of-unused-controlled-substances/. OCS. "Draft Directive on the local destruction of narcotics, controlled drugs and restricted drugs." National Compliance and Exemption Division of the Office of Controlled Substances (OCS), Controlled Substances and Tobacco Directorate (CSTD), Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch (HECSB), Health Canada (HC), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2010 (Draft), 9 pp; available: http://www.ohatoday.com/News/Documents/Draft%20Directive %20For%20Consultation%20(Aug2010).pdf. Offerhaus L. "Russia: Emergency drugs aid goes awry." The Lancet 1992, 339(8793):607; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)90883-5. Office of the Attorney General, State of New York. "Attorney General Cuomo Announces Groundbreaking Settlements to Stop 5 Healthcare Facilities from Disposing of Pharmaceutical Wastes into the NYC Watershed." 2010. http://www.ag.ny.gov/media_center/2010/jan/jan12a_10.html. Office of the Maine Attorney General. 2012, "Maine Prescription Drug Abuse Task Force Established." Office of the Maine Attorney General, Augusta, ME, 1 pp; http://www.maine.gov/tools/whatsnew/index.php?topic=AGOffice_Press&id=349686&v=article10. Office of the Press Secretary. "Weekly Address: Dispose of Your Expired and Unwanted Prescription Drugs." The White House, Washington, DC, 26 September, 2015, 4 pp; available: https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/09/26/weekly-address-dispose-your-expired-and-unwantedprescription-drugs. Ohio Department of Health. "Epidemic of prescription drug overdose in Ohio." Violence and Injury Prevention Program, Ohio Department of Health, Columbus, OH, 2010 or later, available: http://www.healthyohioprogram.org/ASSETS/8D54F439CB7B4144B5B18573C7C586DA/drugfs.pdf. Ohio State Board of Pharmacy. "Frequently Asked Questions: Drug Enforcement Administration Releases New Rules on Pharmaceutical Drug Collection." Ohio State Board of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH, 16 September, 2014, 29 pp; available: http://pharmacy.ohio.gov/Documents/Pubs/Special/FAQs/Frequently%20Asked%20Questions%20-%20Drug%20Enforcement%20Administration %20Releases%20New%20Rules%20on%20Pharmaceutical%20Drug%20Collection.pdf. Ojanperaö I, Kriikku P, and Vuori E. "Fatal toxicity index of medicinal drugs based on a comprehensive toxicology database." International Journal of Legal Medicine 2016, 130(5):1209-1216; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-016-1358-8. Ojeda-Beníétez S, Aguilar-Virgen Q, Taboada-Gonzaé lez P, and Cruz-Sotelo SE. "Household hazardous wastes as a potential source of pollution: A generation study." Waste Management & Research 2013, 31(12):1279-1284; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x13510057.

O'Keefe TL. "Cytotoxic Drug Contamination in Hospital and Municipal Wastewater and Its Transfer to Surface Water." Pharma-Cycle Inc., Tampa, FL, 21 September, 2011, 11 pp; available: http://www.pharma-cycle.com/documents/Cytotoxic%20Drug%20Contamination%20in%20Surface%20Water.pdf. Okeke C, Bailey L, Medwick T, and Grady L. "Revised USP standards for product dating, packaging, and temperature monitoring." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2000, 57(15):1441-1445; http://www.ajhp.org/cgi/content/abstract/57/15/1441. Okie S. "A Flood of Opioids, a Rising Tide of Deaths." New England Journal of Medicine 2010, 262(21):1981-1985; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1011512. Oklahoma State University (OSC). "Prescription medicines & nursing homes: A problem ... a solution." Center for Health Policy Research,, Tulsa, OK, 2000, 8 pp; http://tinyurl.com/bufwbf5. Olayemi E. "Protection available to resident doctors in a suburban Nigerian Teaching Hospital against exposure to cytotoxic drugs." African Journal of Health Sciences 2012, 22(3):225-231; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230600545_Protection_available_to_resident_doctors_in_a_suburban_Nigerian_Teaching_Hospital_againste xposure_to_cytotoxic_drugs. Olguin HJ, Gardunã o LB, Peé rez JF, and Peé rez CF. "Unintentional poisoning with drugs in a Mexican pediatric population." Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology [Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharamcologie clinique] 2011, 18(1):e156-e160; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21471606. Olin JL and Ziglar SK. "Legislative Update: Risk evaluation and mitigation strategies." Drug Topics 2010, August 15:26-37; http://digital.healthcaregroup.advanstar.com/nxtbooks/advanstar/dt_201008/#/44. Olsen L. 2011, "Are Americans ready for a 'Generation Rx'? We consume more than 70% of the world's opiates and are dying of overdoses at epidemic rates. Where is the oversight?" Houston Chronicle, Houston, TX, 2 pp; http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/metropolitan/7416082.html. Olson KR, Ed., "Poisoning & Drug Overdose, 4th Edition." The McGraw-Hill Companies, San Francisco, CA, 2004, 730 pp; http://gen.lib.rus.ec/get? nametype=orig&md5=f4bde76ed62764a248a1a14fac6ae24f. Olson KR. "Poisoning & Drug Overdose." The McGraw-Hill Companies, San Francisco, CA, 2006, 5th Edition, 736 pp; http://www.accessmedicine.com/resourceTOC.aspx?resourceID=91. Olsson C. "Haå llbar laö kemedelsanvaö ndning [Unsustainable health – driving forces and impediments to sustainable pharmaceutical use]." Malmoö hoö gskola/Teknik och samhaö lle, Malmoö , Sweden, 2007. 82 pp; http://hdl.handle.net/2043/4617. ONDCP. "Proper disposal of prescription drugs: Federal Guidelines (movie)." White House Office of National Drug Control Policy, Executive Office of the President, Washington, DC, 2007; http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/drugfact/disposal.mov. ONDCP. "Prescription for Danger: A Report on the Troubling Trend of Prescription and Over-the-Counter Drug Abuse among the Nation’s Teens." White House Office of National Drug Control Policy, Executive Office of the President, January, 2008, 13 pp; available: http://www.theantidrug.com/pdfs/prescription_report.pdf. ONDCP. "Proper disposal of prescription drugs." Office of National Drug Control Policy, Executive Office of the President, Washington, DC, 2009 [updated October]. http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/publications/pdf/prescrip_disposal.pdf. ONDCP. "2010 National Drug Control Strategy." Office of National Drug Control Policy, Executive Office of the President, Washington, DC, 2010, 117 pp; available: http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/publications/policy/ndcs10/ndcs2010.pdf; http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/strategy/. ONDCP. "Prescription drugs: Weighing the benefits and the risks (ONDCP Fact Sheet)." Office of National Drug Control Policy, Executive Office of the President, Washington, DC, May, 2010, 2 pp; available: http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/strategy/Prescription_Drugs_factsheet.pdf. ONDCP. 2010, "National Drug Control Policy Director Outlines Plan of Action to Address Fast-Growing Problem of Prescription Drug Abuse." Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), Washington, DC, 30 June, 2 pp; http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/news/press10/063010.html. ONDCP. "U.S. drug policy director commends passage of the secure and responsible drug disposal act of 2010." Office of National Drug Control Policy, Washington, DC, 2010, available: http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/news/press10/093010.html. ONDCP. 2011, "Prescription Drug Abuse." Office of National Drug Control Policy, Washington, DC, 4 pp; http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/prescriptiondrugs/. ONDCP. "Epidemic: Responding to America's prescription drug abuse crisis." Office of National Drug Control Policy, Washington, DC, 2011, 11 pp; available: http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/publications/pdf/rx_abuse_plan.pdf. ONDCP. "National Drug Control Strategy - 2012." Office of the National Drug Control Policy, Rockville, MD, 2012, 61 pp; available: http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/ondcp/2012_ndcs.pdf; http://www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp/2012-national-drug-control-strategy. ONDCP. "National Drug Control Strategy." Office of the National Drug Control Policy, Rockville, MD, 2013, 95 pp; available: http://www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp/national-drug-control-strategy; http://www.whitehouse.gov//sites/default/files/ondcp/policy-andresearch/ndcs_2013.pdf.

One World DMG "NextBottle: Innovative Packaging." Web Page maintained by One World Design & Manufacturing Group, Ltd., Warren, NJ, 2010, http://www.patientcompliance.com/packaging_nextbottle.html; http://www.patientcompliance.com/pdf/NextBottle_Features.pdf. O'Neill S. 2016, "LA County Supervisors set — again — to vote on drug take-back ordinance." the Ride, 89.3 KPCC, Southern California Public Radio, Pasadena, CA, 13 June, 3 pp; http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/06/13/61602/la-county-supervisors-set-again-to-vote-on-drug-ta/. ONS. "Deaths related to drug poisoning in England and Wales, 2012." Office for National Statistics (ONS), Newport, South Wales, 29 August, 2013, 33 pp; available: http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/subnational-health3/deaths-related-to-drug-poisoning/index.html. Ontario Medications Return Program. 2013, "One Year Mark for Extended Producer Responsibility of Sharps and Pharmaceuticals in Ontario Shows Industry-Run Programs are a Success." CNW, CNW Group Ltd., 9 October, 1 pp; http://www.newswire.ca/en/story/1239531/one-year-mark-forextended-producer-responsibility-of-sharps-and-pharmaceuticals-in-ontario-shows-industry-run-programs-are-a-success. OPHPR "Strategic National Stockpile (SNS)." Web Page maintained by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response (OPHPR), Atlanta, GA, 2010, http://www.bt.cdc.gov/stockpile. Oramasionwu CU, Cole AL, Dixon MS, Blalock SJ, Zarkin GA, Dunlap LJ, et al. "Estimated cost of injectable medication waste attributable to syringe dead space." JAMA Internal Medicine 2016, 176(7):1025-1027; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.2301. Orero A, Gonzaé lez J, and Prieto J. "Antibiotics in Spanish households. Medical and socioeconomic implications [Antibioticos en los hogares espanoles. Implicaciones medicas y socioeconomicas]." Medicina Clínica 1997, 109(20):782-785; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9493156. Orey M. "Cottage industry finds a niche in expired drugs." The Wall Street Journal, 2001, Dow Jones & Company, Inc., 29 August B1 pp. Orina CN, Ogendi GM, and Moturi WN. "Commonly disposed pharmaceuticals and current disposal practices of pharmaceutical wastes among households in Nakuru town, Nakuru County Kenya." Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 2017, 11(10):7-11; http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jestft/papers/vol11-issue%2010/Version-4/B1110040711.pdf. Orlowski JP, Paganini EP, and Pippenger CE. "Treatment of a potentially lethal dose isoniazid ingestion." Annals of Emergency Medicine 1988, 17(1):7376; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(88)80509-2. O'Rourke K. "Euthanatized animals can poison wildlife: Veterinarians receive fines." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2002, 220(2):168-218; https://www.avma.org/News/JAVMANews/Pages/s011502d.aspx. O'Rourke K. "Veterinary drug kills vultures abroad: Veterinarians warned to take heed." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2004, 15 April. Ort C, Lawrence MG, Reungoat J, Eaglesham G, Carter S, and Keller J. "Determining the fraction of pharmaceutical residues in wastewater originating from a hospital." Water Research 2010, 44(2):605-615; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.08.002. Ortner P and McCullagh M. "Hospice Nurses and Drug Disposal: the Convergence between Nursing Practice and the Environment." Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing 2010, 12(1):15-26; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NJH.0b013e3181c7306a. Osei-Djarbeng SN, Larbi GO, Abdul-Rahman R, Osei-Asante S, and Owusu-Antwi R. "Household acquisition of medicines and disposal of expired and unused medicines at two suburbs (Bohyen and Kaase) in Kumasi – Ghana." The Pharma Innovation Journal 2015, 4(8):85-88; http://thepharmajournal.com/vol4Issue8/Issue_Oct_2015/4-8-11.1.pdf. OSHA. "Controlling occupational exposure to hazardous drugs." in OSHA Technical Manual (OTM) [TED 1-0.15A], US Department of Labor, Occupational Safety & Heath Administration; Washington, DC, 1996, Chapter 2, Section VI, pp 30; http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_vi/otm_vi_2.html. OSHA. "OSHA Technical Manual (OTM), Section VI, Chapter 2, Appendix VI:2-1 Some Common Drugs Considered Hazardous (61 drugs)." Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Directive Number: TED 01-00-01, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, DC, 1999. 2 pp; http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_vi/otm_vi_2.html. OSHA. "Controlling occupational exposure to hazardous drugs." in OSHA Technical Manual, United States Department of Labor, Occupational Safety & Health Administration; Washington, DC, 2008, Volume Section VI: Health-Care Facilities, Chapter 2, pp 1-28; http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_vi/otm_vi_2.html. OSHA "Hazardous Drugs." Web Page maintained by US Department of Labor, Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), Washington, DC, 2014, https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/hazardousdrugs/. Osterberg L and Blaschke T. "Adherence to Medication." New England Journal of Medicine 2005, 353(5):487-497; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra050100. Osterhoudt KC. "The toxic toddler: Drugs that can kill in small doses." Contemporary Pediatrics 2000, 3:73-89. Osterhoudt KC. "This treat is not so sweet: exploratory sulfonylurea ingestion by a toddler." Pediatric Case Reviews 2003, 3(4):215-217; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.pca.0000084259.60582.71. Ostrop NJ and Gill MJ. "The costs of antiretroviral drug wastage." AIDS 2000, 14(5):616-617; http://journals.lww.com/aidsonline/Fulltext/2000/03310/The_costs_of_antiretroviral_drug_wastage.18.aspx.

OSU. "Prescription medicines & nursing homes: Laws - letters - reports - policies." Oklahoma State University, Center for Health Policy Research, Ed., Tulsa, OK, September, 2000, 8 pp. OSU. "A 50 state survey: Prescription drug re-use policies." Oklahoma State University, Center for Health Policy Research, Ed., Tulsa, OK, April, 2001, 4 pp; available: http://www.coph.ouhsc.edu/coph/HealthPolicyCenter/Pubs/2001/chpr.0401.pdf. Otto RG and Hartwell SI. "Preliminary Studies of the Responses of Fish to Complex Pharmaceutical and Petrochemical Wastes." in Ocean Dumping of Industrial Wastes, Ketchum BH, Kester DR and Park PK, Eds., Plenum Press; New York, NY, 1981, Volume 12, Chapter 24, pp 473-484; doi:10.1007%2F978-1-4684-3905-2_24; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-4684-3905-2_24. Owens L and Anand S. "Medication Disposal Survey Report." University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL, December, 2009, 26 pp; available: http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/Medication_Disposal_Survey_Report_2009.pdf. Oxley DV. "Dump Campaigns: Putting a Value on Drug Waste (letter)." The Pharmaceutical Journal 1996, 256:unknown page. Ozanne-Smith J, Day L, Parsons B, Tibballs J, and Dobbin M. "Childhood poisoning: Access and prevention." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 2001, 37(3):262-265; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1754.2001.00654.x. Ozanne-Smith J, Routley V, Scott I, and Scott G. "Pharmaceutical Poisoning to 0-19 year olds: National Public Health Partnership Planning and Practice Framework Trial." Monash University Accident Research Centre, 193, November, 2002, 117 pp; available: http://www.monash.edu.au/muarc/reports/muarc193.html; http://www.iec.monash.edu/muarc/reports/muarc193.pdf. Ozdemir R, Bayrakci B, and Teksam O. "Fatal poisoning in children: Acute Colchicine intoxication and new treatment approaches." Clinical Toxicology 2011, 49(8):739-743; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2011.610146. OÖ zdemir R, Bayrakci B, Tekşam O, Yalçin B, and Kale G. "Thirty-three-year experience on childhood poisoning." Turkish Journal of Pediatrics 2012, 54(3):251-259; http://www.turkishjournalpediatrics.org/abstract.php?id=1059. P2D2 "Prescription Pill and Drug Disposal Program Network." Bloomington, Illinois, 2009, http://www.p2d2program.org/; http://www.p2d2program.org/old/index.html. Pablos T. 2015, "Study: Kids use less than half of prescribed opioids." DrBicuspid.com, DrBicuspid.com, San Francisco, CA, 18 November, 2 pp; http://www.drbicuspid.com/index.aspx?sec=ser&sub=def&pag=dis&ItemID=318826. Page J. 2013, "United States: EPA Announces Plans to Develop New Regulations to Address Healthcare Facilities' Generation and Disposal of Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals." Mondaq, 27 March, 2 pp; http://www.mondaq.com/unitedstates/x/229330/Waste+Management/EPA+Announces+Plans+To+Develop+New+Regulations+To+Address+Healthc are+Facilities+Generation+And+Disposal+Of+Hazardous+Waste+Pharmaceuticals&email_access=on. Pai MP, Graci DM, and Bertino JS. "Waste generation of drug product samples versus prescriptions obtained through pharmacy dispensing." Pharmacotherapy 2000, 20(5):593-595; http://dx.doi.org/10.1592/phco.20.6.593.35155. Paksu MŞ, Paksu Ş, Akkuş T, and Baysal K. "One drop can be beneficial, one swig can be deadly: Tetrahydrozoline intoxication." Turkish Journal of Pediatrics 2012, 54(6):658-660; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23692795. Palmer E. 2014, "PhRMA, BIO, GPhA ask court to trash California drug disposal law." FiercePharma Manufacturing, Questex Media Group LLC, 14 July, 2 pp; http://www.fiercepharmamanufacturing.com/story/phrma-bio-gpha-ask-court-trash-california-drug-disposal-law/2014-07-14. Palmisano PA. "Targeted intervention in the control of accidental drug overdoses by children." Public Health Reports 1981, 96(2):150; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1423855/. Pankajkumar PD, Chacko S, and Prakashkumar BS. "Storage and Disposal of Medicines in Home - A Review ." Journal of Pharmacy Research 2016, 10(5):290-295; http://jprsolutions.info/files/final-file-57355761b17a45.41329459.pdf. Paone RP, Vogenberg FR, Caporello E, Rutkowski J, Parent R, and Fachetti F. "Medication Destruction and Waste Measurement and Management in Longterm Care Facilities." The Consultant Pharmacist 1996, 11:32-40. Paradiso LM, Roughead EE, Gilbert AL, Cosh D, Nation RL, Barnes L, et al. "Crushing or altering medications: what's happening in residential aged care facilities?" Australasian Journal on Ageing 2002, 21(3):123-127; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.2002.tb00432.x. Parekh D, Miller MA, Borys D, Patel PR, and Levsky ME. "Transdermal Patch Medication Delivery Systems and Pediatric Poisonings, 2002-2006." Clinical Pediatrics 2008, 47(7):659-663; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922808315211. Parikh SP, Dishman BR, and Smith TL. "Ninety-day versus thirty-day drug-dispensing systems." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2001, 58(13):1190-1191; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11449874. Park A. 2014, "For Back Pain or Headache, Painkillers Do More Harm than Good." Time, Time Inc., 29 September, 3 pp; http://time.com/3445728/painkillers-opioids-dangerous/. Park M. 2010, "How physicians try to prevent 'doctor shopping'." CNN Health, Cable News Network, A Time Warner Company, 7 April, 5 pp; http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/04/07/doctor.shopping.haim/index.html?hpt=Sbin.

Parker V. "Drug donations: not a dumping ground." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2005, 274(7331):12; http://www.pharmj.com/Editorial/20050108/comment/lett01.html. Parker-Pope T. 2011, "More Accidental Drug Poisonings of Children." The New York Times, The New York Times Company, New York, NY, 16 September, 2 pp; http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/16/more-accidental-drug-poisonings-of-children/. ParmQD. 2012, "Medication Disposal: Current Issues and Legal Considerations for Pharmacists." ParmQD, http://www.pharmqd.com/node/96683/lesson. Parrott FI. "Pill Catcher." Patent Application: 2010, 10 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2010/0076244.html. Passal DB and Crespin FH. "Verapamil Poisoning in an Infant." Pediatrics 1984, 73(4):543-545; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/73/4/543.abstract. Patasš ieneė D and Latozš ieneė R. "Farmacinių atliekų susidarymas ir tvarkymas visuomeneė s vaistineė je [The Accumulation and Management of Pharmaceutical Waste in the Community Pharmacy]." Masters Dissertation, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania, 2017. 67 pp; https://epublications.vu.lt/object/elaba:23211710/. Patel AM. "Characterization and Economic Burden Associated with Pediatric Opioid Exposures and Poisonings." Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 2016. 205 pp; http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4518/. Patel B, Groom L, Prasad V, and Kendrick D. "Parental poison prevention practices and their relationship with perceived toxicity: cross-sectional study." Injury Prevention 2008, 14(6):389-395; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2008.019604. Patel F. "The fatal paracetamol dosage--how low can you go?" Medicine, Science, and the Law 1992, 32(4):303-310; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1435126?dopt=AbstractPlus. Patel M, Travers C, Stockwell J, Kamat P, and Grunwell J. "491: Analysis of 10,300 children with acute ingestions to determine risk factors for PICU procedures." Critical Care Medicine 2016, 44(12):199; http://journals.lww.com/ccmjournal/Citation/2016/12001/491___ANALYSIS_OF_10,300_CHILDREN_WITH_ACUTE.454.aspx. Paterson MJ and Anderson GM. ""Trial" prescriptions to reduce drug wastage: Results from Canadian programs and a community demonstration project." American Journal of Managed Care 2002, 8(2):151-158; http://www.ajmc.com/journals/issue/2002/2002-02-vol8-n2/feb02-224p151-158; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11853203. Patil SS and Patil SK. "Critical eye towards storage and disposal of prescribed medicine ." Global Journal of Medicine and Public Health 2013, 2(6):1-5; http://www.gjmedph.org/uploads/R2-Vo2No6.pdf; TOC here: http://www.gjmedph.org/Current.aspx. Patil SS, Patil SK, and Gadekar A. "To educate the community for proper storage and disposal of prescribed medication: The need of today ." Al Ameen Journal of Medical Sciences 2017, 10(2):141-145; http://ajms.alameenmedical.org/ArticlePDFs/12%20AJMS%20V10.N2.2017%20p%20141-145.pdf. Patrick PA, Jibilian A, Herasme O, Valencia J, Hernandez EC, Jurado S, et al. "The Efficacy of a US-Based Medicine Recycling Program Delivering Antiretroviral Drugs Worldwide." Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (JIAPAC) 2009, 8(1):25-29; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545109708326665. Patwary MA, O'Hare WT, Karim SA, and Sarker MH. "The motivations of young people moving into medical waste scavenging as a street career." Journal of Youth Studies 2012, 15(5):591-604; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2012.665441. Patwary MA and Sarker MH. "Quantitative assessment of mortuary waste: occupational safety and environmental health ." Journal of Hospital Administration 2012, 1(1):49-60; http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jha.v1n1p49. Paul IM, Reynolds KM, Kauffman RE, Banner W, Bond GR, Palmer RB, et al. "Adverse events associated with pediatric exposures to dextromethorphan." Clinical Toxicology 2017, 55(1):25-32; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2016.1240803. Paul R. "Green solutions to drug disposal blues: Health experts look at new strategies to reduce drug waste, minimize environmental impact, and limit drug diversion." Drug Topics 2007, 151(17):20-26; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Pharmacy/Green-solutions-to-drug-disposalblues/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/452449. Paulozzi LJ. "Testimony on Trends in Unintentional Drug Poisoning Deaths." US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, 2007. http://www.hhs.gov/asl/testify/2007/10/t20071024a.html. Paulozzi LJ. "Prescription drug overdoses: A review." Journal of Safety Research 2012, 43(4):283-289; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2012.08.009. Paulozzi LJ and Xi Y. "Recent changes in drug poisoning mortality in the United States by urban-rural status and by drug type." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 2008, 17(10):997-1005; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.1626. Paut Kusturica M, Tomas A, and Sabo A. "Disposal of Unused Drugs: Knowledge and Behavior among People around the World." in Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Springer New York; New York, NY, 2016, Volume 240, pp 71-104; doi:10.1007/398_2016_3; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/398_2016_3.

Paut Kusturica M, Tomas A, Tomic Z, Bukumiric D, Corac A, Horvat O, et al. "Analysis of expired medications in Serbian households [Analiza kopicš enja zdravil s pretecš enim rokom trajanja v srbskih gospodinjstvih]." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 2016, 55(3):1-7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjph2016-0025. Paut Kusturica M, Tomas A, Tomic Z, Bukumiric D, Corac A, Horvat O, et al. "Analysis of expired medications in Serbian households." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 2016, 55(3):195-201; https://doi.org/10.1515/sjph-2016-0025. Pawas Z. 2011, "Depok Police Search for Leader of Expired Drug Reselling Ring." Jakarta Globe, Globe Media Group, Jakarta, Indonesia, 28 January, 2 pp; http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/news/depok-police-search-for-leader-of-expired-drug-reselling-ring/419491. Paxeé us N. "Organic compounds in municipal landfill leachate." Water Science & Technology 2000, 42(7-8):323-333; http://wst.iwaponline.com/content/42/7-8/323. PCPSA. "Post-Consumer Residual Stewardship Program - Medications Return Program Report: January 1, 2005 –December 31, 2005." Post Consumer Pharmaceutical Stewardship Association (PCPSA), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 30 April, 2006, 22 pp; available: http://www.medicationsreturn.ca/ar2005.pdf. PCPSA "Return expired medications." Web Page maintained by Post Consumer Pharmaceutical Stewardship Association, British Columbia, Canada, 2008, http://www.medicationsreturn.ca/british_columbia_en.php. PCPSA "Canada Medication Return Program (MPR)." Web Page maintained by Post-Consumer Pharmaceutical Stewardship Association (PCPSA), British Columbia, Canada, 2012, http://www.medicationsreturn.ca/. Peake BM and Braund R. "Environmental Aspects of the Disposal of Pharmaceuticals in New Zealand." Chemistry in New Zealand 2009, April:58-63; http://www.nzic.org.nz/CiNZ/articles/CiNZ_peake.pdf. Peake BM, Braund R, Tong AYC, and Tremblay LA. "The Life-Cycle of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2016; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9781907568251. Pear R. 2011, "Report on Medicare Cites Prescription Drug Abuse." The New York Times, The New York Times Company, New York, NY, 3 October, 3 pp; http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/04/health/policy/04medicare.html?_r=1. Pearigen PD. "Death from accidental nifedipine ingestion in a toddler." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1993, 35:345. Pearl JM. ""Accidental ingestion of sustained release calcium channel blockers in children"." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1998, 40(4):238; author reply 238-239. Pearn J, Nixon J, Ansford A, and Corcoran A. "Accidental poisoning in childhood: five year urban population study with 15 year analysis of fatality." British Medical Journal 1984, 288(6410):44-46; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.288.6410.44. Pedapati EV and Bateman ST. "Toddlers requiring pediatric intensive care unit admission following at-home exposure to buprenorphine/naloxone." Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2011, 12(2):e102-e107; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0b013e3181f3a118. Peele ER, Singleton FL, Deming JW, Cavari B, and Colwell RR. "Effects of Pharmaceutical Wastes on Microbial Populations in Surface Waters at the Puerto Rico Dump Site in the Atlantic Ocean." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 1981, 41(4):873-879; http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=243826&blobtype=pdf. PEER. 2010, "Uncontrolled medical drug discharges into drinking water — EPA Health Facility Guidance is Weak, Contradictory and Counterproductive." Public employees for Environmental Responsibility (PEER), Washington, DC, 8 November, 2 pp; http://www.peer.org/news/news_id.php?row_id=1421. Peethaambaran Kunnathoor C. 2017, "Pharmacists and experts urge govt to frame an Act for pharmaceutical waste management." Pharmabiz.com, Saffron Media Private Ltd, Churchgate, Mumbai, 28 September, 1 pp; http://www.pharmabiz.com/NewsDetails.aspx?aid=104501&sid=1. Pekas SS and Subasic D. "Pharmaceutical Waste Disposal in Croatia." Defence Technical Information Center DTIC, Ed., 2001, 391-394 pp; available: http://stinet.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADP013438; http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADP013438. Pelavin PI, Abramson E, Pon S, and Vogiatzi MG. "Extended-Release Glipizide Overdose Presenting with Delayed Hypoglycemia and Treated with Subcutaneous Octreotide." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 2009, 22(2):171-176; http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/JPEM.2009.22.2.171. Pellicaan C, Teske E, Vaarkamp H, and Willemse T. "[Use of carcinogenic veterinary drugs in the veterinary clinic, an unacceptable risk for people?]." Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 2002, 127(23):734-735; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12491976. Pennsylvania Pharmacists Association. "Safe Medication Disposal: A white position paper." Pennsylvania Pharmacists Association, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, 8 February, 2009, 5 pp; available: http://www.papharmacists.com/SafeMedicationDisposal.doc. Penny L and Moriarty T. "Poisoning in children." Continuing Education in Anaesthesia, Critical Care & Pain 2009, 9(4):109-113; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjaceaccp/mkp019. People of the City and County of San Francisco. "Environment Code - Safe Drug Disposal Information Ordinance." San Francisco, CA, 2011, 5 pp; available: http://www.sfbos.org/ftp/uploadedfiles/bdsupvrs/bosagendas/materials/bag052411_110025.pdf;

http://www.sfgsa.org/Modules/ShowDocument.aspx?documentid=7811; http://www.sfbos.org/ftp/uploadedfiles/bdsupvrs/committees/materials/ps110025tdr.pdf. People of the State of Maine. 2007, "An Act to Establish a Pilot Program for Return of Unused Prescription Drugs by Mail." Maine Legislature, Augusta, ME, PS Law, Chapter 27 LD 411, item 1, 123rd Maine Legislature, 1 pp; http://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/display_ps.asp? paper=HP0327&snum=123; http://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/bills_123rd/chappdfs/PS27.pdf. Pereira AL, de Vasconcelos Barros RT, and Pereira SR. "Pharmacopollution and Household Waste Medicine (HWM): how reverse logistics is environmentally important to Brazil." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2017, 24(31):24061-24075; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-0170097-9. Pereira Primo L, Vilela Rodrigues JP, Ayres LR, Lima Ferreira IM, Sousa Dewulf NdL, Cruz Abramovicius A, et al. "Gerenciamento de medicamentos em desuso devolvidos por pacientes ambulatoriais de um hospital universitaé rio [Management of leftover medicines returned by outpatients to a university hospital]." Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada 2014, 35(2):263-269; http://200.145.71.150/seer/index.php/Cien_Farm/article/viewArticle/2939. Peri P. "Quality by Design (QbD) Approaches for Orally Inhaled and Nasal Drug Products (OINDPs) in the USA." USFDA, Office of New Drug Quality Assessment (ONDQA), OPS, CDER, Rockville, MD, 2007; http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CDER/ucm103526.pdf. Perri M. "Pharmacy Care and Medication Compliance." Year Unknown, 19 pp; available: http://www.rx.uga.edu/main/home/phrm3900/htdocs/comp_art.htm. Perry A. 2010, "LD 821 (HP 557): an Act to Support Collection and Proper Disposal of Unwanted Drugs." 124 th Maine State Legislature, http://www.mainelegislature.org/LawMakerWeb/summary.asp?LD=821; http://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/display_ps.asp? ld=821&PID=1456&snum=124. Perry LA, Shinn BW, and Stanovich J. "Quantification of an ongoing community-based medication take-back program." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2014, 54(3):275-279; http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2014.13143. Persson M, Sabelstroö m E, and Gunnarsson B. "Handling of unused prescription drugs -- knowledge, behaviour and attitude among Swedish people." Environment International 2009, 35(5):771-774; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2008.10.002. Peterman MC, Benhabib M, and Obrock BA. "Microfluidic Separation Device." Patent Application: 2013, 17 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2013/0266479.html. Peterson AM. "Pharmaceutical Waste: What’s a Pharmacist to do?" USciences (University of the Sciences), Philadelphia, PA, Year Unknown; http://www.usciences.edu/mayesedge/pdfs/Pharmaceutical_Waste.pdf. Petrie B, Youdan J, Barden R, and Kasprzyk-Hordern B. "New framework to diagnose the direct disposal of prescribed drugs in wastewater – a case study of the antidepressant fluoxetine." Environmental Science & Technology 2016, 50(7):3781-3789; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b00291. Pettit P. 2012, "Letter to Suzanne Rudzinski, Director Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery, regarding Northeast Waste Management Officials' Association (NEWMOA) conference call to discuss RCRA pharmaceutical waste management." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washisngton, DC, http://insideepa.com//index.php?option=com_iwpfile&file=apr2012/epa2012_0743.pdf. PEW. "After Heparin: Protecting Consumers from the Risks of Substandard and Counterfeit Drugs." PEW Health Group, Philadelphia, PA, 12 July, 2011, 113 pp; available: http://www.pewtrusts.org/our_work_report_detail.aspx?id=85899361713; http://www.prescriptionproject.org/assets/pdfs/Pew_Heparin_Round4b_SinglePgs_b.pdf. PEW. "Trends in U.S. Antibiotic Use: New data needed to improve prescribing, combat threat of antibiotic resistance." The PEW Charitable Trusts, Philadelphia, PA, March, 2017, 10 pp; available: http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/issue-briefs/2017/03/trends-in-us-antibioticuse; http://www.pewtrusts.org/~/media/Assets/2017/03/Antibiotic_resistance_annual_report_329.pdf. Pfeiffer S, Gunkelman S, and Blackford M. "Psychotropic exposures in pediatric patients: Symptomatic iloperidone and vilazodone ingestions." Clinical Toxicology 2015, 53(3):188; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2015.1004583. Pfizer. 2012, "Pfizer and Waste Management Launch Online Pharmaceutical Disposal Guide." Pfizer, Inc., New York, NY, 13 September, 2 pp; http://www.pfizer.com/news/press_releases/pfizer_press_release.jsp?guid=20120913006233en&source=RSS_2011&page=1. Pfizermedinfo.com "Pfizer Responsible Disposal Advisor." Web Page maintained by Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, 2012, http://www.pfizerpro.com/professional_resources/responsible_disposal. PH:ARM. "Progress Report for Pharmaceuticals from Households: A Return Mechanism (PH:ARM)." 2 April, 2008, 3 pp; available: http://www.medicinereturn.com/resources/ed_materials/resources/ed_materials/PHARMProgressReport2Apr2008.pdf. PH:ARM. "Unwanted Medicine Return Program - Poisoning & abuse risk." PH:ARM, Washington State, 2008, 1 pp. PH:ARM. "Presentations and handouts." Medicine Take-Back Workshop, Seattle, WA, Unwanted Medicine Return Program, 18 April, 2008, http://www.medicinereturn.com/resources/workshop. PH:ARM "Unwanted Medicine Return Program: Return Household Medicine in Washington State!" Web Page maintained by Pharmaceuticals from Households: A Return Mechanism (PH:ARM), Washington State, 2009, http://www.medicinereturn.com/.

pharm@cology "Pharmaceutical Waste: Frequently Asked Questions." Web Page maintained by Waste Management, Houston, TX, 2014, http://www.pharmecology.com/pedd/jsp/static/a2_waste_faqs.jsp. Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, Generic Pharmaceutical Association, Biotechnology Industry Organization, County of Alameda, and Alameda County Department of Environmental Health. 2014, "Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit." 146 pp; http://calpsc.org/mobius/cpsc-content/uploads/2015/01/PhRMA-v.-Alameda_US-Supreme-Court_PetitionWritCertiorari_Brief1.pdf. Pharmaceuticals.org "Pharmaceuticals from the Human System to the Human System." Web Page maintained by Pharmaceuticals.org, Inc., Utica, MI, 2008, http://www.toilets.com/pharmaceuticals.htm. PharmacyChecker.com "PharmacyChecker.com Verification Program." Web Page maintained by PharmacyChecker.com LLC, White Plains, NY, 2010, https://www.pharmacychecker.com/sealprogram/choose.asp. PharmEcology. 2010, "PharmEcology® Presents Disposal Guidelines for the H1N1 and Seasonal Flu Vaccines (Updated)." PharmEcology Services, Wauwatosa, WI, 19 May, 3 pp; http://www.pharmecology.com/pedd/jsp/static/a6_news_20100519.jsp. Phelps D, Schnell J, and Shah A. "California Pharmaceutical Industry Hazardous Waste Source Reduction 2002 Assessment Report." California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control, Office of Pollution Prevention and Technology Development, Sacramento, CA, Doc. No. 550, November, 2007, 111 pp; available: http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PollutionPrevention/upload/PharmaReportwDoc550Cover.pdf. Philipkoski K. 2002, "Drug Waste Gives EPA the Blues." Wired.com, Condeé Nast Digital, New York, NY, 3 pp; http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2002/12/56913. Phillips C. "The perils of pill-splitting." Drug Topics 2011, May:2; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Modern+Medicine+Now/Theperils-of-pill-splitting/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/721902. Phillips KE. "Don't flush." Audubon 2008, 110(2):32. Phillips M, Allanson H, and Shamsuddin T. "A survey of medicines returned to community pharmacists for disposal." Lancashire Family Health Services Authority (FHSA), Lancashire, UK, July, 1995. PhMRA. 2008, "PhRMA Statement on Free Pharmaceutical Samples." The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhMRA), Washington, DC, 3 October, 3 pp; http://www.phrma.org/news_room/press_releases/phrma_statement_on_free_pharmaceutical_samples. PhRMA. "PhRMA Statement on Restricting Drug Marketing and Education." Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, Washington, DC, 13 February, 2007, 2 pp; available: http://www.phrma.org/phrma-statement-restricting-drug-marketing-education. PhRMA. 2008, "PhRMA Defends Distribution of Pharmaceutical Samples; New Study Fatally Flawed, 2003 Figures Outdated." The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhMRA), Washington, DC, 3 January, 3 pp; http://www.phrma.org/news_room/press_releases/phrma_defends_distribution_of_pharmaceutical_samples. PhRMA. "PhRMA Guiding Principles: Direct to Consumer Advertisements about Prescription Medicines." Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, Washington, DC, December, 2008, 16 pp; available: http://www.phrma.org/files/attachments/PhRMA%20Guiding%20Principles_Dec %2008_FINAL.pdf. PhRMA. "Code on Interactions with Healthcare Professionals." Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, Washington, DC, July, 2008, 36 pp; available: http://www.phrma.org/code_on_interactions_with_healthcare_professionals; http://www.phrma.org/files/attachments/PhRMA %20Marketing%20Code%202008.pdf. PhRMA. "PhRMA Statement on Supporting Safe Disposal Resources." 31 October, 2011, 2 pp; available: http://www.phrma.org/media/releases/phrmastatement-supporting-safe-disposal-resources. PhRMA "My Old Meds: In-Home Disposal." Web Page maintained by Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), Washington, DC, 2016, http://myoldmeds.com/safe-storage-disposal/in-home-disposal/. Piasecki J. 2011, "Sheriff's program gives drugs the drop." La Canã ada Valley Sun, Los Angeles Times Community News, La Canã ada Flintridge, CA, 2 pp; http://www.lacanadaonline.com/news/tn-vsl-drugdrop-20110106,0,6578684.story. Pilgrim JL, Jenkins EL, Baber Y, Caldicott D, and Drummer OH. "Fatal acute poisonings in Australian children (2003–13)." Addiction 2017, 112(4):627639; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.13669. Pines E, Hospitals for a Healthy Environment, and Smith C. "Managing Pharmaceutical Waste: A 10-Step Blueprint for Health Care Facilities in the United States." Hospitals for a Healthy Environment, 15 April, 2006, 108 pp; available: http://www.h2eonline.org/docs/h2epharmablueprint41506.pdf. Pinheiro CP. "Drug donations: what lies beneath." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2008, 86(8):580-581; http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.07.048546. Pinturaud M, Pruvost I, Leteurtre S, Martinot A, and Gautier S. "Intoxication accidentelle d’un nourrisson de 8 mois avec un patch de fentanyl [Accidental Poisoning with Transdermal Fentanyl Patch in a 8 Months Old Infant]." Therapie 2012, 67(6):545-546; http://dx.doi.org/10.2515/therapie/2012073.

Pirzadeh Z, Jamshidi M, and Mollamohammadi M. "Acute Poisoning in Children Referred to Qazvin Children Hospital (2009 to 2012)." Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics 2016, 7(4):e40099; http://dx.doi.org/10.17795/compreped-40099p. Pistell A. "The Dilemma of Waste Pharmaceuticals." 2007 Northeast Water Science Forum, Session 8 – Waste Management & Product Stewardship, New England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission, Lowell, MA, Portland, ME, Maine Department of Environmental Protection, 9 August, 2007, http://www.neiwpcc.org/ppcpconference/ppcp-docs/AnnPistell.pdf. Pitkala KH, Strandberg TE, and Tilvis RS. "Inappropriate drug prescribing in home-dwelling, elderly patients: A population-based survey." Archives of Internal Medicine 2002, 162(15):1707-1712; http://dx.doi.org/10-1001/pubs.Arch Intern Med.-ISSN-0003-9926-162-15-ioi00980. Planeà s S, Villier C, and Mallaret M. "The nocebo effect of drugs." Pharmacology Research & Perspectives 2016, 4(2):e00208 00201-00215; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prp2.208. Plevin R. 2016, "LA supervisors may study drug take-back ordinances. Again." 89.3 KPCC, Southern California Public Radio, Pasadena, CA, 21 November, 6 pp; http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/11/21/66283/la-supes-may-study-drug-take-back-ordinances-again/. Plummer CE. "Analysis of Community-Based Accumulation of Home Medications (CACHES) Found at Death Scenes in Davidson County, Tennessee." Doctoral Dissertation, The University of Tennessee, 2013. 111 pp; http://etd.uthsc.edu/WORLD-ACCESS/Plummer/2013-016-Plummer.pdf. Podein RJ and Hernke MT. "Integrating Sustainability and Health Care." Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 2010, 37(1):137-147; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2009.09.011. Poirier R and Corbet R. "Salicylate Poisoning in Children: A Report of Six Cases." Canadian Medical Association Journal 1952, 67(2):117-120; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1822255/. Polakoff JM, Lacourture PG, and Lovejoy FH, Jr. "The environment away from home as a source of potential poisoning." American Journal of Diseases of Children 1984, 138(11):1014-1017; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1984.02140490014003. Polat E, Tuygun N, Akca H, and Karacan CD. "Evaluation of the Colchicine Poisoning Cases in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Five Year Study." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017, 52(4):499-503; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2016.08.019. Polimeni JM. "Protecting the Ecosystem from Improperly Disposed Pharmaceuticals." Albany College of Pharmacy, Albany, NY, 16 September, 2008, 34 pp; available: http://www.dos.state.ny.us/watershed/ppt/PolimeniWestPointSept162008.ppt. Polivka B, Casavant M, and Baker SD. "Factors Associated with Healthcare Visits by Young Children for Nontoxic Poisoning Exposures." Journal of Community Health 2010, 35(6):572-578; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10900-010-9243-8. Pollack A. 2012, "Unused Pills Raise Issue of Disposal and Risks." The New York Times, New York, NY, 6 December, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/07/business/drug-makers-challenge-pill-disposal-law-in-california.html. Polovich M. "Safe Handling of Hazardous Drugs." Online Journal of Issues in Nursing 2004, 9(3):Manuscript 5; http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Volume92004/No3Sept04/Hazardous Drugs.aspx. Pomerantz JM. "Recycling expensive medication: why not?" Medscape General Medicine 2004, 6(2):4; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1395800/. Poon J. "Take responsibility for safe disposal of Rx drugs." Drug Topics 2014, June:2; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drug-topics/news/takeresponsibility-safe-disposal-rx-drugs. Porter C. 2012, "Peregrine Fund study shows that the ban on toxic veterinary drug diclofenac is effective in addressing Asian vulture crisis." Cambridge Journals Blog, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 2 pp; http://blog.journals.cambridge.org/2012/11/peregrine-fund-study-shows-that-theban-on-toxic-veterinary-drug-diclofenac-is-effective-in-addressing-asian-vulture-crisis/. Potter M. "Medication compliance--a factor in the drug wastage problem." Nursing Times 1981, 77(6, suppl 5):17-20; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6906728. Poulin C, Stein J, and Butt J. "Surveillance of Drug Overdose Deaths Using Medical Examiner Data." Chronic Diseases in Canada 2000, 19(4):177-182; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10029514. Pound P, Britten N, Morgan M, Yardley L, Pope C, Daker-White G, et al. "Resisting medicines: a synthesis of qualitative studies of medicine taking." Social Science and Medicine 2005, 61(1):133-155; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.11.063. Powell ME. "Opposition to the Alameda County Safe Medication Disposal Ordinance." Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturing of America (PhRMA), Washington, DC, 5 March, 2012, 3 pp; available: http://alameda.patch.com/articles/pharmaceutical-industry-opposes-alameda-county-safe-drugdisposal-ordinance#pdf-9277022. Power LA. "Safe Handling of Hazardous Drugs." Pharmacy Technician CE Monograph, San Francisco, CA, 1 April, 2013, 10 pp; available: http://www.ashpmedia.org/symposia/lms/content/tce-06/presentations/1/tce-06.pdf.

Power LA and Polovich M. "Safe handling of hazardous drugs: Reviewing standards for worker protection." Pharmacy Practice News 2011, March:1-8; http://www.pharmacypracticenews.com/download/Safe_handling_ppn0311_WM.pdf. PPA "Partnership for Prescription Assistance." Web Page maintained by Partnership for Prescription Assistance (PPA), 2010, http://www.pparx.org/en/about_us. PPI "Local EPR Resolutions." Web Page maintained by Product Policy Institute (PPI), Athens, GA, 2010, http://www.productpolicy.org/content/localepr-resolutions. PQMD "The Partnership for Quality Medical Donations." Web Page maintained by Visionlink, Inc, 2010, http://www.pqmd.org/cms/. Practice GreenHealth. 2006, "Pharmaceutical Waste – Learn Best Management Practices and How to be in Compliance with RCRA." Practice GreenHealth, 12 May, http://www.practicegreenhealth.org/tools/webinars/archive/archive/249. Practice GreenHealth. 2007, "Pharmaceutical Waste Management – Case Study – Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN." Practice GreenHealth, 12 January, http://www.practicegreenhealth.org/tools/webinars/archive/archive/298. Practice GreenHealth. 2008, "Operations Series – Pharmaceutical Waste Prevention." Practice GreenHealth, 28 March, http://www.practicegreenhealth.org/tools/webinars/archive/archive/406. Practice GreenHealth "Pharmaceutical Waste Minimization." 2010, http://cms.h2e-online.org/ee/waste-reduction/waste-minimization/pharma/. Practice GreenHealth "Pharmaceutical Waste." Web Page maintained by Practice GreenHealth, Reston, VA, 2011, http://practicegreenhealth.org/topics/waste/waste-categories-types/pharmaceutical-waste. Practice GreenHealth. "EPA Pharmaceutical Grant at Albany Medical Center." Practice GreenHealth, Reston, VA, Year Unknown, 3 pp; available: http://practicegreenhealth.org/sites/default/files/upload-files/pharmaceutical_grant_at_albany_medical_center.pdf. Prakash E and Babu V. "Design of hazardous pharmaceutical waste disposal system." Injury Prevention 2010, 16(Suppl 1):A203; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2010.029215.724. Pramanick P. "Effective approaches to minimize the problem of pharmaceuticals and other personal care products in the environment." Rochester Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Environmental Management & Safety, Rochester, NY, 2007. 73 pp; https://ritdml.rit.edu/dspace/bitstream/1850/5970/1/PPramanickThesis10-2007.pdf. Prasa D, Hoffmann-Walbeck P, Barth S, Stedtler U, Ceschi A, Faö rber E, et al. "Angiotensin II antagonists – an assessment of their acute toxicity." Clinical Toxicology 2013, 51(5):429-434; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2013.800875. Pratt S. 2015, "Medical waste incinerator shut down after air pollution exceeds limits." Edmonton Journal, Postmedia Network Inc., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, 26 April, 1 pp; http://www.edmontonjournal.com/Medical+waste+incinerator+shut+down+after+pollution+exceeds+limits/11006320/story.html. Praveen S, Amol G, and Reddy S. "Drug disposing behavior and awareness of the concept of ecopharmacovigilance among the medical faculty." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 2017, 6(5):4; http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20171666. PRC "Why Hold Pharmaceutical Collections?" Web Page maintained by Pennsylvania Resources Council, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, 2011, http://www.zerowastepgh.org/ZW-pharm.html. Preissler Loureiro Chaves A, Machado Hallam J, and Jeanty de Seixas LM. "Primary Care and Environmental Issues: Unused Medicines and Health Community Agent Intervention in the South of Brazil ." The Open Public Health Journal 2015, 8:23-39; http://benthamopen.com/contents/pdf/TOPHJ/TOPHJ-8-23.pdf. Prescott JD and Estler K. "Waste Not, Want Not: Drug Disposal and the Role of the Pharmacist." Pharmacy Times, Office of Continuing Professional Education, Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), Ed., ACPE Program I.D. Number: 0290-0000-10-002-H04-P, 10 February (course expires 10 February 2012), 2010, 7 pp; available: https://secure.pharmacytimes.com/lessons/201002-01.asp; Course questions: https://secure.pharmacytimes.com/preview.asp?course_id=201002-01. Prescription Research Institute "Save money, save your medicine, save the planet." Web Page maintained by Prescription Research Institute (PRI), L3C, 2010, http://saveyourmeds.org/. Prescrire. "Orodispersible paracetamol tablets: danger of poisoning in children." Prescrire International 2012, 21(132):268; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23210259. Press E. "Epidemiological approach to accident prevention." American Journal of Public Health and the Nations Health 1948, 38(10):1442-1445; http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.38.10.1442. Press E. "Accidental poisoning in childhood: A reference-guide to the chemical constituents of common household substances, together with treatment recommendations for their accidental ingestion by children." Journal of the American Medical Association 1956, 162(12):1196-1197; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1956.02970290092034.

Press E. "Accidental poisoning in childhood; a reference-guide to the chemical constituents of common household substances, together with treatment recommendations for their accidental ingestion by children." American Academy of Pediatrics, Evanston, Ill., 1956, 131 pp; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog/63285; https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/12116386. Price SD, Holman CDAJ, Sanfilippo FM, and Emery JD. "Impact of Specific Beers Criteria Medications on Associations between Drug Exposure and Unplanned Hospitalisation in Elderly Patients Taking High-Risk Drugs: A Case-Time-Control Study in Western Australia." Drugs and Aging 2014, 31(4):311-325; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40266-014-0164-6. Price SD, Holman CDAJ, Sanfilippo FM, and Emery JD. "Association between Potentially Inappropriate Medications from the Beers Criteria and the Risk of Unplanned Hospitalization in Elderly Patients." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2014, 48(1):6-16; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060028013504904. Price WC and Frank ME. "Accidental acute dilantin poisoning; report of a case with complete recovery in a nonepileptic child." The Journal of Pediatrics 1950, 36(5):652-655; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(50)80136-1. Priddy E. 2015, "Police seek drug disposal methods after DEA program ends." Sikeston Standard Democrat, DA Publishing, LLC, Sikeston, MO, 16 February, 2 pp; http://www.standard-democrat.com/story/2166771.html. Proteus Digital Heath. 2016, "Barton Health First to Implement Proteus Digital Health’s Innovative Solution for Patients with Chronic Conditions." proteus, Proteus Digital Health, Inc., Redwood City, CA, 11 January, 4 pp; http://www.proteus.com/press-releases/barton-health-first-to-implementproteus-digital-healths-innovative-solution-for-patients-with-chronic-conditions/. Pruö ss A, Giroult E, and Rushbrook P, Eds., "Safe Management of Wastes from Health-Care Activities." World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1999, 230 pp; http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/medicalwaste/wastemanag/en/print.html; http://www.watersanitationhygiene.org/References/EH_KEY_REFERENCES/SANITATION/Solid%20Waste%20Collection%20and%20Disposal/Safe %20Management%20of%20Wastes%20from%20Health%20Care%20Activities%20%28WHO%29.pdf. PSF. "Study on drug donations in the Province of Aceh in Indonesia: Synthesis." Pharmaciens sans frontieà res (PSF) [Pharmacists Without Borders], Bordeaux, France, 2005, 4 pp; available: http://www.psf.ch/de/pdf/synth_inap_donations.pdf; http://www.acfid.asn.au/what-we-do/docs_what-wedo/docs_humanitarian-and-emergencies/docs_tsunami/drugdonationsaceh.pdf. PSF "Pas de Meé dicaments Non Utiliseé s. Pourquoi? [Don't use Non Used Drugs. Why?]." Web Page maintained by Pharmaciens sans frontieà res (PSF) [Pharmacists Without Borders], Bordeaux, France, 2010, http://psfci.acted.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=176&Itemid=1. PSI "The Drug Take-Back Network." Web Page maintained by The Product Stewardship Institute and King Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 2008, http://www.takebacknetwork.com/about.html; http://www.takebacknetwork.com/local_efforts.html. PSI. "PSI Pharmaceuticals Project." Product Stewardship Institute, Boston, MA, 2008, available: http://www.productstewardship.us/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=182. PSI. "Rough Comparison of HR 1191 and HR 1359 (June 2009)." Product Stewardship Institute, Boston, MA, June, 2009, available: http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/Rough%20Comparison%20of%20HR%201191%20and%20HR%201359%20June %202009.pdf. PSI. "Input on Federal Legislation to Amend Statutes Related to Safe Drug Disposal Product Stewardship Institute Regulations Workgroup September 14, 2009." Product Stewardship Institute, Boston, MA, 14 September, 2009, available: http://productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/PSI_Input_on_Amending_Federal_Statutes_Final_w_Endorsement_List.pdf. PSI "Current Disposal Recommendations to the Public." Web Page maintained by Product Stewardship Institute, Inc., Boston, MA, 2009, http://projectdrugdrop.org/wp-content/uploads/Documents/Current.Disposal.Recommendations.3-19-09.pdf. PSI "Pharmaceuticals Laws and Legislation." Web Page maintained by Product Stewardship Institute, Inc, Boston, MA, 2010, http://www.productstewardship.us/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=540. PSI. 2010, "Principles of Product Stewardship." Product Stewardship Institute, Inc., Boston, MA, 2 pp; http://www.productstewardship.us/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=231. PSI. "National Summit on Preventing Pharmaceutical Waste." Philadelphia, PE, Product Stewardship Institute (PSI), 19 October, 2010, http://www.productstewardship.us/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=724. PSI. "Recommendations on the Safe Collection, Transport, and Disposal of Controlled Substances." Product Stewardship Institute, Boston, MA, January, 2011, 4 pp; available: http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/PSI_Recommendations_for_Rulemaking_under_CSA_Amendment111-11.pdf. PSI. "PSI Recommendations for Rulemaking under CSA Amendment." Product Stewardship Institute, Boston, MA, 13 January, 2011, available: http://productstewardshipinstitute.wordpress.com/2011/01/13/psi-recommendations-for-rulemaking-under-csa-amendment/; http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/S3397_Fact_Sheet.pdf. PSI "Policies to Prevent Pharmaceutical Waste: Free Webinar Series." Web Page maintained by Product Stewardship Institute, Boston, MA, 2012, http://www.productstewardship.us/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=897. PSI. "Protecting our health and the environment: The Need for Sustainably Financed Drug Take-Back Programs." Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. (PSI), Boston, MA, 27 July, 2012, 19 pp; available: http://fyi.uwex.edu/pharma/files/2012/10/Pharmaceuticals-White-Paper-on-EPR_Final.pdf.

PSI "Great Lakes Pharmaceutical Product Stewardship Project "The Drug Take-Back Network"." Web Page maintained by Product Stewardship Institute (PSI), Boston, MA, 2013, http://www.takebacknetwork.com/great_lakes_initiative.html? utm_source=First+GLRI+Messaging+Workgroup+Jan+15+Promo&utm_campaign=PSI+in+NYTimes%2C+NPR&utm_medium=email. PSI. "How Are States Managing Leftover Meds." Product Stewardship Institute, Boston, MA, 2014, 2 pp; available: http://www.productstewardship.us/? HowStatesManageMeds. PSI. 2014, "PSI Pleased with U.S. DEA's Rx Take-Back Rule, Issues Reminder of Need for Producer Responsibility: Expansion of take-back collection options for controlled substances helps reduce risks of drug abuse and overdose, protects waterways—but still lacks sustainable funding." Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. (PSI), Boston, MA, 8 September, 2 pp; http://www.productstewardship.us/news/192084/PSI-Pleased-with-U.S.-DEAs-RxTake-Back-Rule-Issues-Reminder-of-Need-for-Producer-Responsibility.htm. PSI "Cook County, IL Mandates Largest Drug Take-Back Program in the U.S.: Newly passed ordinance requires manufacturers to finance safe disposal program for leftover medications." Web Page maintained by Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. (PSI), Boston, MA, 2016, http://www.productstewardship.us/news/315233/For-Immediate-Release-Cook-County-IL-Mandates-Largest-Drug-Take-Back-P.htm. PSI. "Strategies to Prevent Pharmaceutical Waste: Modifying Co-Pay Structures." Product Stewardship Institute (PSI), Boston, MA, Year Unknown, 6 pp; available: http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/Source_Reduction_Recommendations.pdf. PSNC "Essential Services: Waste Management." Web Page maintained by Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee (PSNC), Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, UK, 2010, http://www.psnc.org.uk/pages/essential_services_waste_management.html. PSW "Drug disposal." Web Page maintained by Pharmacy Society of Wisconsin Government Affairs, Madison, WI, 2010, http://www.pswi.org/government/#Drug_Disposal. PTI "Epinephrine Salts – Medicinal Nitroglycerine – P & U Listed Syringe Waste." Web Page maintained by PharmWaste Technologies Inc., Urbandale, IA, 2010, http://www.pharmwastetech.com/websitePDFs/State%20Regs(2).pdf; www.pwaste.com. Pugh of South Burlington. 2012, "An act relating to the Vermont prescription monitoring system." General Assembly of the State of Vermont, South Burlington, VT, H.745, 12 pp; http://www.leg.state.vt.us/docs/2012/Bills/Intro/H-745.pdf. Purvis A, "The goodwill pill mess." Time, 1996, April 29 http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,984460,00.html. PyroPure. 2013, "Pyropure: Treatment of Healthcare Waste." PyroPure Ltd, Hampshire, England, 1 pp; http://www.pyropure.co.uk/index.php/Theproduct/medical-waste-management.html. Quadrani DA, Spiller HA, and Widder P. "Five Year Retrospective Evaluation of Sulfonylurea Ingestion in Children." Clinical Toxicology 1996, 34(3):267270; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659609013787. Quellet N and Dubeé P-A. "Retour des meé dicaments peé rimeé s ou inutiliseé s aux fins de destruction du point de vue de la santeé publique." Bulletin d'information toxicologique 2014, 30(2):47-65; https://www.inspq.qc.ca/toxicologie-clinique/retour-des-medicaments-perimes-ou-inutilises-aux-finsde-destruction-du-point-de-vue-de-la-sante-publique. Quijano D, Holguin E, and Orozco J. "Patient’s Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices about Remaining Drugs Disposal. An Ecopharmacovigilance Approach Bogotaé 2015." 3rd Annual International Conference on Pharmaceutical Sciences, Athens, Greece, Athens Institute for Education and Research, 2-5 May, 2016, http://www.atiner.gr/presentations/Diego-Quijano.pdf. Quijano-Prieto DM, Orozco-Díéaz JG, and Holguíén-Hernaé ndez E. "Conocimientos y praé cticas de pacientes sobre disposicioé n de medicamentos no consumidos. Aproximacioé n a la ecofarmacovigilancia [Patients' knowledge and practices about unconsumed drugs disposal. An Approach to Ecopharmacovigilance]." Revista de Salud Pública 2016, 18(1):10-12; http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v18n1.44262. Quinn P. 2011, "Governor Quinn Signs Three Bills to Protect Illinois’ Water Supplies: New Laws Will Reduce Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water, Allow Recycled Water to be Used for Non-Consumption Purposes." Illinois So, State of Illinois, Springfield, IL, House Bill 2056, 3090, and 248, 1 pp; http://www.illinois.gov/PressReleases/ShowPressRelease.cfm?SubjectID=3&RecNum=9678. Quintana EC. "Measuring a toddler's mouthful." Annals of Emergency Medicine 2004, 43(6):792-793; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.03.003. R.I. State House. "Commission to study human waste contamination." RI State House, Providence, RI, 2 October, 2012, 1 pp; available: http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/News/pr1.asp?prid=8579. Radhakrishna L and Nagarajan P. "Pharmacist's opinion and practice towards disposal of unused medications in South India ." World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015, 3(3):654-657; http://www.wjpsonline.org/admin/uploads/3KRFQt.pdf. Radhakrishna L, Nagarajan P, and Ponniah T. "Education on disposal of medicines - A concept on safe disposal of drugs in curriculum of Indian Education system ." World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2015, 3(8):1592-1597; http://www.wjpsonline.org/admin/uploads/1Obh8m.pdf.

Radhakrishna L, Nagarajan P, Ramesh L, and Nagaraju T. "Attitude and practice of pharmacists towards drug take back programme ." Annals of Pharma Research 2016, 5(02); http://www.annalsofpharmaresearch.com/index.php/apr/article/view/38; http://www.irjpbs.com/volumes/vol3/issue1/IRJPBS-3107.pdf. Radhakrishna L, Nagarajan P, Subramanian M, and Ponniah T. "An impact of left over and Improper Disposal of Medicines on Ecosystem." Asian Journal of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Research 2014, 4(3):310-315; http://www.ajbpr.com/issues/volume4/issue3/FINAL%2037.pdf. Radhakrishna L, Nagarajan P, and Vijayanandhan SS. "Practice towards Disposal of Medicines (Left out/Expired Drugs) among the Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital and Primary Health Centre in South India." Asian Journal of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Research 2013, 4(1):175182; http://www.ajbpr.com/issues/volume4/issue1/FINAL%2021.pdf. Radhakrishna L, Nagarajan P, Vijayanandhan SS, and Ponniah T. "Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards disposal of medicines: A qualitative study among health care professionals in South India ." World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2014, 3(6):1955-1963; www.wjpr.net/download/article/1409137121.pdf. Rahman SZ. "Impact of Human Medicines on Environment – A New Emerging Problem." Population and Environment (ENVIS) 2006, 3(2); http://www.iipsenvis.nic.in/Newsletters/vol3no2/Syed_Ziaur_Rehman.htm. Rahman SZ. "Do we really need multiple terms for a single concept in the field of Environmental Pharmacovigilance? ." International Archives of BioMedical and Clinical Research 2015, 1(1):1-2; http://cdn.iabcr.org/Upload/Vol1Issue1_1E.pdf. Rahman SZ and Khan R, Ali. "Pharmaco Environmentology – Aligning Pharmacovigilance with Environment." Pharma Times 2015, 47(8):44-47; http://www.researchgate.net/publication/281523721. Rahman SZ, Shahid M, and Gupta V, Eds., "An Introduction to Environmental Pharmacology." 1st Edition, Ibn Sina Academy, Aligarh, India, 2008, 249 pp. Rajagopal R. "Sustainable Practices in the Fine and Speciality Chemicals Industry." in Sustainable Value Creation in the Fine and Speciality Chemicals Industry, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014, Chapter 6, pp 199-244; doi:10.1002/9781118677919.ch6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118677919.ch6. Rajasuriar R, Awang R, Hashim SBH, and Rahmat HRBH. "Profile of poisoning admissions in Malaysia." Human & Experimental Toxicology 2007, 26(2):73-81; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327107071857. Rajbongshi S, Shah YD, and Sajib AU. "Pharmaceutical waste management: A review." European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016, 3(12):192-206; http://www.ejbps.com/admin/download/article/dm9sdW1lXzNfZGVjZW1iZXJfaXNzdWVfMTIvMTQ4MDQ4ODE2OC5wZGY=. Rakowsky S, Spiller HA, Casavant MJ, Chounthirath T, Hodges NL, Kim EH, et al. "Antipyretic Medication Exposures Among Young Children Reported to US Poison Centers, 2000-2015." Clinical Pediatrics 2017, In press; http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0009922817698124. Raleigh "City of Raleigh Statement regarding Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water." Web Page maintained by The Official City of Raleigh Portal, Raleigh, NC, 2011, http://www.raleighnc.gov/home/content/PubAffairs/Articles/DrinkingWater.html. Raloff J. "Contraceptive-Patch worry: Disposal concern focuses on wildlife." Science News 2002, October. Raloff J. "When not to flush." Science News 2008, November. Raloff J. "Skin as a source of drug pollution." Science News 2010, April. Ramachandran G, Howard J, Maynard A, and Philbert M. "Handling Worker and Third-Party Exposures to Nanotherapeutics during Clinical Trials." The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 2012, 40(4):856-864; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720X.2012.00714.x. RAMP "Recycled AIDS Medicine Program." Web Page maintained by Recycled AIDS Medicine Program, San Francisco, CA, 2008, http://www.rampusa.org/home/index.htm. Randhawa GK, Ashok C, and Kullar JS. "Ecopharmacology and its future forensic implications – an emerging science." Medico-Legal Update 2009, 9(2):711; http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:mlu&volume=9&issue=2&article=003. Randolph J. 2012, "Think before you dispose of old or unused medication." SunHerald.com, Biloxi-Gulfport and South Mississippi, 2 pp; http://www.sunherald.com/2012/03/15/3821428/think-before-you-dispose-of-old.html. Randon KA. "The risk of pharmaceutical drugs in drinking water." Masters Dissertation, Royal Roads University, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, 2007. 159 pp. Rangan C, Everson G, and Cantrell FL. "Central α-2 Adrenergic Eye Drops: Case Series of 3 Pediatric Systemic Poisonings." Pediatric Emergency Care 2008, 24(3):167-169; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181668aee. Ranger J. 2010, "REDBRIDGE: Warning over bogus medicine collections." East London and West Essex Guardian Series, 20 March, 6 pp; http://www.guardian-series.co.uk/news/5074038.REDBRIDGE__Warning_over_bogus_medicine_collections/#. Rannazzisi JT. "Statement for the Record: Joseph T. Rannazzisi, Deputy Assistant Administrator, Office of Diversion Control, Drug Enforcement Administration, United States Department of Justice. Testimony prepared for Senate Aging Committee on measures for disposing of controlled substances as delineated in HR 1359 and HR 1191." Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), Senate Special Committee on Aging, Hearing on

Drug Waste and Disposal: When Prescriptions Become Poison, chaired by Sen. Herb Kohl, 30 June, Washington, DC, 2010. 7 pp; http://www.justice.gov/dea/speeches/100630_rannazzisi.pdf. Rannazzisi JT. "Dispensing of Controlled Substances to Residents at Long Term Care Facilities." Federal Register 2010, 75(124):37463-37470; http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2010/pdf/2010-15757.pdf. Rannazzisi JT. "Disposal of Controlled Substances 21 CFR Parts 1300, 1301, 1304, 1305, 1307, and 1317 Final Rule." U.S. Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and Office of Diversion Control, U.S. Department of Justice, Springfield, WA, 2014. 4 pp; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/dear_registrant_disposal.pdf. Rannazzisi JT. "Letter to Registrants seeks to clarify the DEA position regarding a practitioner’s disposal of pharmaceutical wastage." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration, Washington, DC, 2014. 2 pp; http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/dear_practitioner_pharm_waste_101714.pdf. Rannazzisi JT and Caverly MW. "Practitioner’s Manual: an Informational Outline of the Controlled Substances Act." Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, Washington, DC, 2006, 62 pp; available: http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/pubs/manuals/pract/pract_manual012508.pdf. Ranniger C and Roche C. "Are one or two dangerous? Calcium channel blocker exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2007, 33(2):145-154; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.02.010. Rathi MK. "Safety First: Explore the cytotoxic drugs. A Factsheet on Cytotoxic Drugs." in Hospital Waste Time to Act - Srishti’s factsheets on 14 priority areas, Srishti, Ed., Srishti; New Delhi, India, 2002, Volume Factsheet 14, pp 49-52; http://www.bvsde.paho.org/bvsacd/cd48/timetoact.pdf. Ratnapalan S, Potylitsina Y, Tan LH, Roifman M, and Koren G. "Measuring a toddler's mouthful: Toxicologic considerations." The Journal of Pediatrics 2003, 142(6):729-730; http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mpd.2003.216. Rattner B. "History of wildlife toxicology." Ecotoxicology 2009, 18(7):773-783; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-009-0354-x. Rau EH, Alaimo RJ, Ashbrook PC, Austin SM, Borenstein N, Evans MR, et al. "Minimization and management of wastes from biomedical research." Environmental Health Perspectives 2000, 108(6):953-977; http://www.ehponline.org/docs/2000/suppl-6/953-977rau/abstract.html; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11121362?dopt=Citation. Raucci U. "Rivastigmine." Reactions Weekly 2014, 1511(1):38; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40278-014-2217-3. Raucci U, Vanacore N, Cecchetti C, Russo MS, Rossi R, and Pirozzi N. "Transient Cardiac Effects in a Child with Acute Cholinergic Syndrome Due to Rivastigmine Poisoning." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2014, 47(1):21-25; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.11.078. Read K. 2008, "Are Beyond-Use Dates Different than Expiration Dates?" About.com, 20 August, http://bipolar.about.com/od/medications/a/beyond_use.htm. Read K. 2009, "When Do Medications Actually Expire?" About.com, 24 April, http://bipolar.about.com/od/medications/a/expir_when.htm. Rechenberg B. "Legal requirements for sustainable development." in A Healthy Future - Pharmaceuticals in a Sustainable Society, collaborative publication of Apoteket AB, MistraPharma, and Stockholm County Council; Stockholm, Sweden, 2009, Chapter 10, pp 180-195; http://www.mistrapharma.se/Homepage/Download-File/f/333233/h/557e63b8a520e26d0da9084cc39c526f/Book+MistraPharma+2008+eng. Reed MT and Hamburg EL. "Person-to-Person Transfer of Transdermal Drug-Delivery Systems: A Case Report (Correspondence)." New England Journal of Medicine 1986, 314(17):1120-1121; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198604243141717. Regenthal R, Krueger M, Koeppel C, and Preiss R. "Drug Levels: Therapeutic and Toxic Serum/Plasma Concentrations of Common Drugs." Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing 1999, 15(7-8):529-544; http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009935116877. Regenthal R, Stefanovic D, Albert T, Trauer H, and Wolf T. "The pharmacologic stability of 35-year old theophylline." Human and Experimental Toxicology 2002, 21(6):343-346; http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327102ht262oa. Regiani de Campos EA, Cariso de Paula E, Pagani RN, and Guarnieri P. "Reverse logistics for the end-of-life of and end-of-use products in the pharmaceutical industry: a systematic literature review." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 2017, 22(4):375-392; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317988394. Reich MR, Wagner AK, McLaughlin TJ, Dumbaugh KA, and Derai-Cochin M. "Pharmaceutical donations by the USA: an assessment of relevance and timeto-expiry." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1999, 77(8):675-680; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10516789. Reichert P. 2010, "Tap the Power: Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water." Legislative Reference Bureau (LRB), Madison, WI, 2 pp; http://legis.wisconsin.gov/lrb/pubs/ttp/ttp-12-2010.html. Reilly MP. "Nationwide pediatric mortality: Drug toxicology, unknown causes of death, and autopsy rates." Masters Dissertation, Boston University, Boston, MA, 2014. 85 pp; https://open.bu.edu/bitstream/handle/2144/15369/Reilly_bu_0017N_10814.pdf?sequence=1. Reinhart DR, Berge ND, Santra S, and Bolyard SC. "Emerging contaminants: Nanomaterial fate in landfills." Waste Management 2010, 11:2020-2021; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2010.08.004.

Reis M, Aamo T, Ahlner J, and Druid H. "Reference Concentrations of Antidepressants. A Compilation of Postmortem and Therapeutic Levels." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 2007, 31(5):254-264; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/31.5.254. Reith DM, Pitt WR, and Hockey R. "Childhood poisoning in Queensland: An analysis of presentation and admission rates." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 2001, 37(5):446-450; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1754.2001.00666.x. ReMeD "Stop MNU." Web Page maintained by Reé seau Meé dicaments et Deé veloppement (ReMeD), Paris, France, 2010, http://www.remed.org/html/mnus.html. ReMeD. "Bonnes pratiques en matieà re de dons de meé dicaments: Guide Pratique pour les Dons de Medicaments [Practical Guide for Drug Donations]." Reé seau Meé dicaments et Deé veloppement (ReMeD), Paris, France, Year Unknown, available: http://www.drugdonations.org/fr/fr_gooddonationpractice.html. Remington H. "Recycling patients' own medication: Reducing wastage and drug costs." Pharmacoeconomics 1995, 8(6):469-472; http://adisonline.com/pharmacoeconomics/Citation/1995/08060/Recycling_Patients__Own_Medication__Reducing.2.aspx. Retail Waste Working Group. "Surplus household consumer products and wastes: Report to the Legislature As required by Senate Bill 423 (Bates, Chapter 771, Statutes of 2016)." Department of Toxic Substances Control, Department of Public Health, and Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery, CA, August, 2017, 32 pp; available: https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Retail_Industry/upload/SB423_Final-Rpt.pdf. Returns Industry Association. "Guidelines for reverse distributors - Minimum Federal Regulatory Standards." Returns Industry Association, Vienna, Virginia, November, 1999, 15 pp. Rfidah EI, Casey PB, Tracey JA, and Gill D. "Childhood poisoning in Dublin." Irish Medical Journal 1991, 84(3):87-89; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1791123. RI DEM. 2010, "Groundwater Quality Rules." Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management, State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations Department of Environmental Management (DEM), Office of Water Resources, Providence, RI, These Rules are adopted in accordance with Chapter 42-35 pursuant to Chapters 46-12, 46-13.1, 23-18.9, 23-19.1, 42-17.6 and 42-17.1 of the Rhode Island General Laws of 1956, as amended., 58 pp; http://www.dem.ri.gov/pubs/regs/regs/water/gwqual10.pdf. Riascos R, Kumfa P, Rojas R, Cuellar H, and Descartes F. "Fatal methadone intoxication in a child." Emergency Radiology 2008, 15(1):67-70; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10140-007-0627-8. Richardson J. "Maine pilots eco-friendly way to dispose of drugs." Portland Press Herald Maine Sunday Telegram, 2008, 29 December http://pressherald.mainetoday.com/story.php?id=230047&ac=PHnws; http://www.safemeddisposal.com/documents/DecPressHerald.pdf. Richardson J. "Bill targeting unused drugs moves ahead: Drug manufacturers say the cost of medicines will increase if disposal becomes their responsibility." Portland Press Herald - Maine Sunday Telegram, 2010, 26 February 2 pp; http://pressherald.mainetoday.com/story.php? id=313929&ac=PHnws&pg=1. Richardson J. 2010, "Pill-disposal idea hard for drug companies to swallow." The Portland Press Herald, Maine Today Media, Inc., Portland, ME, 2 pp; http://www.pressherald.com/archive/pill-disposal-idea-hard-for-drug-companies-to-swallow_2009-04-27.html. Richardson J. 2011, "Maine might compost unused drugs: Test could lead to cheap waste disposal." Morning Sentinel, Maine Today Media, Inc, 4 pp; http://www.onlinesentinel.com/news/maine-might-compost-unused-drugs_2011-10-01.html. Richardson J. 2011, "State team will try to compost unused medication; An international symposium, which begins today in Portland, will consider other disposal options for unused drugs." Waste managment world, Portland Press Herald (Maine), Portland, ME, 3 pp; http://www.wastemanagement-world.com/index/from-the-wires/wire-news-display/1512880009.html. Richman C and Castensson S. "Impact of waste pharmaceuticals: an environmental hazard or "greenwash"?" The Pharmaceutical Journal 2008, 280:335342; http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/opinion/comment/impact-of-waste-pharmaceuticals-an-environmental-hazard-orgreenwash/10006281.article; http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/libres/pdf/articles/pj_20080322_waste.pdf. Ridout S, Waters WE, and George CF. "Knowledge of and attitudes to medicines in the Southampton community." British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 1986, 21(6):701-712; http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1400974. Rienstra D. "Summary of proceedings of the first plenary day (June 11)." European expert seminar on appropriate drug donations, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands, NGO-consortium on Appropriate Drug Donations, 1999, http://www.drugdonations.org/eng/eng_nieuws5.html. Riley HD and Worley L. "Salicylate intoxication." Pediatrics 1956, 18(4):578-594; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/18/4/578.abstract. Riordan M, Rylance G, and Berry K. "Poisoning in children 3: common medicines." Archives of Disease in Childhood 2002, 87(5):400-402; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.87.5.400. Risticé G, Đorđevicé A, and Hristov S. "A regional model for household pharmaceutical waste management." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Waste and Resource Management 2016, 169(4):191-196; http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jwarm.16.00004. Rizalar S, Tural E, and Altay B. "Nurses' protective measures during chemotherapy preparation and administration in Turkey." International Journal of Nursing Practice 2012, 18(1):91-98; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2011.01996.x.

RMG Ltd. "Post-Consumer Residual Stewardship Program - Medications Return Program Report: January 1, 2004 –December 31, 2004." Residuals Management Group Ltd (RMG), Medications Return Program Administrator for Post Consumer Pharmaceutical Stewardship Association, British Columbia, Canada, 30 April, 2005, 21 pp; available: http://www.medicationsreturn.ca/ar2004.pdf. Roach J, "Sharks Carrying Drug-Resistant 'Bacterial Monsters': Flushed medicines spawning antibiotic-resistant bacteria in oceans, study says." National Geographic Daily News, National Geographic Society, 23 June, 2010, http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/06/100623-antibiotics-resistantsharks-science-environment/. Robbo. 2008, "Disposal of Pharmaceuticals: A Comparison." Blog - Biting The Dust: A view of pharmacy and health from a very remote pharmacist, Australia, http://bitethedust.com.au/bitingthedust/2008/12/30/disposal-of-pharmaceuticals-a-comparison/. Robbo. 2010, "Fish Pharm: Pharmaceutical Waste and the Environment." Blog - Biting The Dust: A view of pharmacy and health from a very remote pharmacist, 3 May, http://bitethedust.com.au/bitingthedust/2010/05/03/fish-pharm-pharmaceutical-waste-and-the-environment/. Roberge RJ, Krenzelok EP, and Mrvos R. "Transdermal drug delivery system exposure outcomes." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2000, 18(2):147151; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0736-4679(99)00185-7. Roberts BT. 2010, "Prescription drug disposal programs can deter drug abuse, protect our environment." The Hill, Washington, DC, 27 April, http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/campaign/94601-prescription-drug-disposal-programs-can-deter-drug-abuse-protect-our-environment. Roberts S, Khammo N, McDonnell G, and Sewell GJ. "Studies on the decontamination of surfaces exposed to cytotoxic drugs in chemotherapy workstations." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 2006, 12(2):95-104; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155206070439. Robertson WO. "Delayed hypoglycemia after ingestion of a single glipizide tablet." Annals of Emergency Medicine 1999, 33(1):130-131; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(99)70437-3. Robin AA and Freeman-Browne DL. "Drugs left at home by psychiatric inpatients." British Medical Journal 1968, 3(5615):424-425; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.3.5615.424. Rodgers GB. "The safety effects of child-resistant packaging for oral prescription drugs. Two decades of experience." Journal of the American Medical Association 1996, 275(21):1661-1665; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1996.03530450051032. Rodgers GB, Franklin RL, and Midgett JD. "Unintentional paediatric ingestion poisonings and the role of imitative behaviour." Injury Prevention 2012, 18(2):103-108; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2011-040008. Rodrigues Macedo LA. "Avaliaçaã o do gerenciamento dos resíéduos de medicamentos domiciliares no municíépo de Belo Horizonte/MG [Management of assessment domestiv waste medicines Belo Horizonte in Municipality/MG]." Masters Dissertation, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, 2015. 126 pp; http://www.smarh.eng.ufmg.br/defesas/462M.PDF. Rodriguez A. 2016, "Marin sets drug company fee for medication disposal program." Marin Independent Journal marinij.com, Marin Independent Journal, 24 July, 3 pp; http://www.marinij.com/article/NO/20160724/NEWS/160729896. Rodríéguez Mari SS. "How pharmaceutical marketing communications affect prescribing practices, is there an ethical conflict? Focus on physicians, medical clerks and drug representatives: the case of the Western side of Puerto Rico." Masters Dissertation, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, 2007. 132 pp; http://grad.uprm.edu/tesis/rodriguezmari.pdf; http://gradworks.umi.com/14/51/1451357.html. Rodriguez-Mozaz S and Weinberg HS. "Meeting Report: Pharmaceuticals in Water—An Interdisciplinary Approach to a Public Health Challenge." Environmental Health Perspectives 2010, 118(7):1016-1020; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289%2Fehp.0901532. Roebuck MC, Liberman JN, Gemmill-Toyama M, and Brennan TA. "Medication adherence leads to lower health care use and costs despite increased drug spending." Health Affairs 2011, 30(1):91-99; http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2009.1087. Rogers DEC and Brent AC. "Small-scale medical waste incinerators – experiences and trials in South Africa." Waste Management 2006, 26(11):229-236; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7405254_Small-scale_medical_waste_incinerators--experiences_and_trials_in_South_Africa; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2005.08.007. Rogers PG and Bullman WR. "Prescription Medicine Compliance: A Review of Baseline Knowledge - A Report of the National Council on Patient Information and Education." Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology 1995, 3(2):3-36; http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J055V03N02_02. Roig B, Greenwood R, and Barcelo D. "An international conference on "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment" in a frame of EU Knappe project." Environment International 2009, 35(5):763-765; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2009.01.012. Roig B and Thomas O. "Options for an upstream management of pharmaceuticals in the environment." 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Pharmacy, Osnabruö ck, Germany, 19-20 November, 2012, http://www.dbu.de/media/281112024420jsge.pdf. Romell R. 2014, "Aurora to pay fines, fees for improper disposal of hazardous waste." Journal Sentinel, Milwaukee-Wisconsin Journal Sentinel, Milwaukee, WI, 28 May, 1 pp; http://www.jsonline.com/business/aurora-to-pay-fines-fees-for-improper-disposal-of-hazardous-waste-b99279541z1260959491.html. Ronayne K. 2016, "Police chiefs resist amnesty for turning in illicit drugs." The Washington Times, The Washington Times, LLC, Washington, DC, 29 March, 2 pp; http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/mar/29/bill-would-allow-return-of-illicit-drugs-with-amne/.

Rosario Repetto M and Repetto M. "Therapeutic, Toxic, and Lethal Concentrations in Human Fluids of 90 Drugs Affecting the Cardiovascular and Hematopoietic Systems." Clinical Toxicology 1997, 35(4):345-351; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659709043365. Rosario Repetto M and Repetto M. "Habitual, Toxic, and Lethal, and Lethal Concentration of 103 Drugs of Abuse in Humans." Clinical Toxicology 1997, 35(1):1-9; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659709001158. Rosario Repetto M and Repetto M. "Therapeutic, Toxic, and Lethal Concentrations of 73 Drugs Affecting Respiratory System in Human Fluids." Clinical Toxicology 1998, 36(4):287-293; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659809028023. Rosario Repetto M and Repetto M. "Concentrations in Human Fluids: 101 Drugs Affecting the Digestive System and Metabolism." Clinical Toxicology 1999, 37(1):1-8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/CLT-100102401. Rose JC and Unis AS. "A mortality index for postmarketing surveillance of new medications." The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2000, 18(2):176-179; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(00)90013-5. Rose K. 2012, "An act concerning the disposal and collection of unused medication." 118th District - Milford, Veterans, Environment, Planning and Development, Hartford, CT, Bill No. 92, February Session, 1 pp; http://www.cga.ct.gov/2012/TOB/S/2012SB-00092-R00-SB.htm. Rosen JA, Eaton CA, Hoffman JA, Benson MR, and Marty J. 2015, "SF 1425: A bill for an act relating to health; making changes concerning the collection and disposal of legend drugs as pharmaceutical waste." Minnesota State Legislature, Minnesota Senate, St. Paul, MN, 2015-2016 Biennium, Eighty-Ninth Legislature, 4 pp; https://www.revisor.mn.gov/bills/text.php?number=SF1425&version=0&session=ls89&session_year=2015&session_number=0. Rosenbaum TG and Kou M. "Are one or two dangerous? Tricyclic antidepressant exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2005, 28(2):169-174; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2004.08.018. Rosenow ECI. "Patients’ Understanding of and Compliance with Medications: the Sixth Vital Sign?" Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2005, 80(8):983-987; http://dx.doi.org/10.4065/80.8.983. Ross M. 2016, "Pharmacies Are Untapped Resources for Disposing Unused Drugs after Dental Surgery." Pharmacy Times, 3 October, 2 pp; http://www.pharmacytimes.com/news/pharmacies-are-untapped-resources-for-disposing-unused-drugs-after-dental-surgery. Rothberg D. 2016, "For those who forget to take medications, Las Vegas tech startup offers help." VEGAS INC, Henderson, NV, 19 April, 3 pp; http://vegasinc.com/news/2016/apr/19/for-those-who-forget-to-take-medications-las-vegas/?_ga=1.152154043.384737333.1454694830. Rouhi AM. "Drug Pollution." Chemical and Engineering News 2008, 86(8):3. Roumeli E, Tsiapranta A, Kachrimanis K, Bikiaris D, and Chrissafis K. "Physicochemical characterization and decomposition kinetics of trandolapril." Thermochimica Acta 2012, 539:92-99; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2012.04.009. Roussel C and Connor TH. "Chemotherapy: Current and Emerging Issues in Safe Handling of Antineoplastic and Other Hazardous Drugs." The Oncology Nurse 2014, 7(4); http://www.theoncologynurse.com/ton-issue-archive/2014-issues/july-august-vol-7-no-4/16182-chemotherapy-current-andemerging-issues-in-safe-handling-of-antineoplastic-and-other-hazardous-drugs. Royal Pharmaceutical Society. "The hazardous waste (England and Wales) Regulations 2005: Interim Guidance for Community Pharmacists for England and Wales and Information for Scotland." Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, London, England, December, 2005, 8 pp; available: http://www.rpsgb.org.uk/pdfs/hazwastecommphguid.pdf. Royal Pharmaceutical Society. "Changes in the management of CDs affecting pharmacists in England." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2006, 276:355-358; http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/libres/pdf/society/pj_20060325_cds.pdf. Royal Pharmaceutical Society. "Guidance for Pharmacists on the safe destruction of Controlled Drugs England, Scotland and Wales." Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, September, 2007, 6 pp; available: http://www.rpsgb.org.uk/pdfs/cdsafedestructionguid.pdf. Royal Pharmaceutical Society "Guidance on changes in the management of Controlled Drugs." Web Page maintained by Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, London, England, 2010, http://www.rpsgb.org.uk/worldofpharmacy/useofmedicines/controlleddrugs.html. RRWA "Safe Medicine Disposal Program." Web Page maintained by Russian River Watershed Association, Ukiah, CA, 2009, http://www.rrwatershed.org/safemeds/index.html. Rubinstein L. "Operating Unwanted Medication Collections - A Legal & Safe Approach." NERC - Northeast Recycling Council Inc, Brattleboro, VT, 2006, 65 pp; available: http://www.nerc.org/documents/operating_unwanted_medication_collections_final_2006.pdf. Rubinstein L. "Holding an Unwanted Medication Collection as Part of a Household Hazardous Waste Event - A Legal & Safe Approach." NERC - Northeast Recylcing Council, Inc., Brattleboro, VT, September, 2006, 63 pp; available: http://www.nerc.org/documents/holding_unwanted_medications_collection_final_2006.pdf. Rubinstein L. "Holding an Unwanted Medication Collection for Community Pharmacies: A Quick Guide." NERC - Northeast Recycling Council, Inc., Brattleboro, VT, November, 2008, 17 pp; available: http://www.nerc.org/documents/unwanted_medication_collection_quick_guide_11_08.pdf. Rubinstein L. "Best Management Practices for Holding Unwanted Medication Collections: A Legal & Safe Approach for Community Pharmacies." NERC Northeast Recycling Council, Inc., Brattleboro, VT, November, 2008, 74 pp; available: http://www.nerc.org/documents/unwanted_medication_collection_bmp_11_08.pdf.

Rubinstein L and NERC. "Unwanted medication collection: Why & how." Powerpoint Presentation, Northeast Recycling Council, Inc, 4 May 2005; http://www.nerc.org/documents/unwanted_medications_may_05.pdf. Rudeé n C, Liljelund K, and Hagerman H, Eds., "Towards Sustainable Pharmaceuticals in a Healthy Society: MistraPharma Research." First Edition Edition, MistraPharma, Stockholm, Sweden, 2010, 147 pp; http://www.mistrapharma.se/Homepage/DownloadFile/f/333163/h/85c099808b87e05d7a70ce9481f5bacc/Book+MistraPharma+2009. Rudzinksi S. "Containers that Once Held P-listed Pharmaceuticals." Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery (ORCR), US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2011. 6 pp; http://www.hercenter.org/p_listed_pharmaceuticals.pdf. Rudzinksi S. "Recommendation on the Disposal of Household Pharmaceuticals Collected by Take-Back Events, Mail-Back, and Other Collection Programs (EPA's Recommendation for Incinerating Pharmaceuticals from Take-Back Events)." Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery (ORCR), Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2012. 9 pp; http://www.epa.gov/waste/hazard/generation/pharmaceuticals/pharms-take-back-disposal.pdf; http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/generation/pharmaceuticals/collection.htm. Rudzinski S. "Letter sent to the DEA." US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery, Washington, DC, 12 April, 2011, 5 pp. Ruha A-M, Graeme KA, and Field A. "Late Seizure following Ingestion of Vicks VapoRub." Academic Emergency Medicine 2003, 10(6):691; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2003.tb00059.x. Ruhoy IS. "Examining Unused Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." Doctoral Dissertation, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Department of Environmental Studies, Las Vegas, NV, 2008. 153 pp; http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?Ver=1&Exp=08-112014&FMT=7&DID=1720229621&RQT=309&attempt=1&cfc=1. Ruhoy IS and Daughton CG. "Disposal as a Source of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." Poster Presentation, USEPA, NERL, Las Vegas, NV, December 2007; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-QkticTJKc2pwaFU/view. Ruhoy IS and Daughton CG. "Pharmaceutical Disposal and the Environment." Poster Presentation, USEPA, NERL, Las Vegas, NV, 27 November 2007; https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2H7EPtvem2-dWpmcUp5cnZUSlE/view. Ruhoy IS and Daughton CG. "Types and quantities of leftover drugs entering the environment via disposal to sewage -- Revealed by coroner records." Science of the Total Environment 2007, 388(1-3):137-148; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.08.013. Ruhoy IS and Daughton CG. "Discarded drugs as environmental contaminants." Society for Human Ecology 2008 Annual Conference, Bellingham, WA, 11 September, 2008, 30 pp; http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/presentations/2008_0915_ruhoy-ord-bellingham.pdf. Ruhoy IS and Daughton CG. "Beyond the medicine cabinet: an analysis of where and why medications accumulate." Environment International 2008, 34(8):1157-1169; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2008.05.002. Ruhoy IS and Daughton CG. "Drug Disposal and Environmental Stewardship, invited presentation for teleconference call on Drug Disposal for area agencies on aging in Maryland." US EPA's Aging Initiative and the Office of Water, Washington, DC, 22 June 2010; http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/ddes/index.html. Ruhoy IS and Kaye LW. "Pharmaceuticals in the Water: Relevance to Older Adults." Generations 2010, 33(4):26-32; http://generations.metapress.com/content/h3t40773q87u0785/. RUM "Returning Unwanted Medicine." Web Page maintained by The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited, Cheltenham, Victoria, Australia, 2008, http://www.returnmed.com.au/; http://www.returnmed.com.au/collections. Rundstedt RJ. "Cost Analysis for the Return and Disposal of Expired Navy Pharmaceuticals." Masters Dissertation, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, 1993. 91 pp; http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA277212. Russell JL, Casavant MJ, Spiller HA, and Mercurio-Zappala M. "Clinical Effects of Exposure to DPP-4 Inhibitors as Reported to the National Poison Data System." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2014, 10(2):152-155; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13181-014-0383-6. Russell JL, Spiller HA, Chounthirath T, and Casavant MJ. "Pediatric ingestion of vilazodone compared to other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications." Clinical Toxicology 2017, 55(5):352-356; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2017.1287375. Rust S. 2005, "Federal rules interfere with drug disposal effort." Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, Milwaukee, WI, 11 October, 2 pp; http://www.allbusiness.com/crime-law-enforcement-corrections/law-narcotics/12877936-1.html. Rx Disposal Solutions L "Medication Disposal Kits." Web Page maintained by RxDisposal Solutions, LLC, Green, Ohio, 2010, http://www.rxdisposalkits.com/. Rx Rescue "Solutions for the Safe Disposal of Unused Pharmaceutical Drugs." Web Page maintained by Rx Rescue LCC, Boise Idaho, 2010, http://www.rxrescue.net/. RxDrugSafe "Drug Safe: the Home Drug Security Solution." Web Page maintained by RxDrugSafe, 2011, http://www.rxdrugsafe.com/.

SACGHS. "Realizing the Potential of Pharmacogenomics: Opportunities and Challenges." Secretary’s Advisory Committee on Genetics, Health, and Society, chartered by U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, May, 2008, 172 pp; available: http://www4.od.nih.gov/oba/sacghs/reports/SACGHS_PGx_Report.pdf. Sachdeva DK and Stadnyk JM. "Are one or two dangerous? Opioid exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2005, 29(1):77-84; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2004.12.015. Sachs C. 2009, "When drugs are seized, where do they go?" OhMyGov!, OhMyGov, Inc., 2 pp; http://ohmygov.com/blogs/general_news/archive/2009/02/04/when-drugs-are-seized-where-do-they-go.aspx. Safe Kids Canada. "White Paper on the Prevention of Poisoning of Children in Canada." Alberta Centre for Injury Control & Research, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, October, 2011, 29 pp; available: http://www.parachutecanada.org/downloads/policy/WhitePaper_Poisoning.pdf. Safe Kids Worldwide "MEDICATION SAFETY." Web Page maintained by Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, 2014, http://www.safekids.org/medicinesafety. Safe Kids Worldwide. "The rise of medicine in the home: implications for today's children." Safe Kids Worldwide, Washington, DC, 2016, 16 pp; available: https://www.safekids.org/research-report/rise-medicine-home-implications-todays-children-march-2016; https://www.safekids.org/sites/default/files/3-17-16-skw_medicine_safety_study_for_web.pdf. Safeguard My Meds "Personal Responsibility: Learning the Right Way to Safeguard Prescription Medicine and Doing Your Part to Prevent Prescription Abuse." Web Page maintained by Purdue Pharma L.P., Stamford, CT, 2011, http://www.safeguardmymeds.org/. Saha S and Galper A. "The Ethical Basis of Drug Donation to Third World Countries." Ethics in Biology, Engineering and Medicine: An International Journal 2013, 4(1):29-46; http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/EthicsBiologyEngMed.2013007832. Sahebi L and Vahidi RG. "Self-medication and storage of drugs at home among the clients of drugstores in Tabriz." Current Drug Safety 2009, 4(2):107112; http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488609788172982. Saint Louis C. 2014, "D.E.A. to Allow Return of Unused Pills to Pharmacies." The New York Times, 8 September, 4 pp; http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/09/health/unused-pills-return-to-pharmacies.html?smid=re-share&_r=1. Saint Louis C. 2016, "Addicts Who Can’t Find Painkillers Turn to Anti-Diarrhea Drugs." The New York Times, The New York Times Company, 10 May, 6 pp; http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/11/health/imodium-opioid-addiction.html. Saljoughian M. "Disposal of Hazardous Pharmaceutical Waste." U.S. Pharmacist 2004, 29(6):HS-22-HS-24. SAMHSA "National Survey on Drug Use & Health [formerly called the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA)]." Web Page maintained by Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Office of Applied Studies, US Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD, 2008, http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/nhsda.htm. SAMHSA. "Emergency Department Visits Involving Adverse Reactions to Medications among Children Aged 12 or Younger." Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Rockville, MD, 28 October, 2010, 6 pp; available: http://www.samhsa.gov/data/2k10/WEBSR023AdverseReactions/023adversereactions.htm. SAMHSA. "Emergency Department Visits Involving Accidental Ingestion of Drugs by Children Aged 5 or Younger." Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Rockville, MD, 14 September, 2010, 6 pp; available: http://www.samhsa.gov/data/2K10/DAWN014/sr014-accidental-ingestion-children.htm. Samuel S. 2009, "The dangers of expired medications." Diahah's Blog - All About health, 1 April, http://dianahallabouthealth.blogspot.com/2009/04/dangers-of-expired-medications.html. Sanaei-Zadeh H. "Correspondence: Serotonin Syndrome Induced by Tramadol Intoxication in an 8-Month-Old Infant." Pediatric Neurology 2012, 46(3):199; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.01.004. Sandilands EA and Bateman DN. "The epidemiology of poisoning." Medicine 2016, 44(2):76-79; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2015.11.015. Sandpoint Police Department, Idaho Conservation Leqgue, and Foundation. BGH. "Immediate Release." Sandpoint Police Department, Idaho Conservation Leqgue, Bonner General Hospital Foundation, Sandpoint, ID, 17 October, 2011, 2 pp. Sandpoint Police Department, Idaho Conservation Leqgue, and Foundation. BGH. "Drug drop-off program: Clean out your medicine cabinet." Sandpoint Police Department, Idaho Conservation Leqgue, Bonner General Hospital Foundation, Sandpoint, ID, 17 October, 2011, 2 pp; available: http://tinyurl.com/cxqgar8. Sanofi "Pharmaceuticals in the environment - Actions." Web Page maintained by Sanofi, Paris, France, 2011, http://csrreporting.sanofi.com/web/planet/pharmaceuticals_environnement_actions. Sanofi. "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment (PiE) Factsheet." Sanofi, Bridgewater. NJ, May, 2015, 2 pp; available: http://en.sanofi.com/csr/download_center/download.aspx?file=Pharmaceuticals_In_the_Environment_2015_V2.pdf&type=unique.

Santa Barbara County Public Health Department. 2016, "Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors Adopt Safe Drug Collection Program Ordinance." Santa Barbara County Public Health Department, Santa Barbara, CA, 21 June, 1 pp; http://calpsc.org/mobius/cpsc-content/uploads/2016/06/PressRelease-Santa-Barbara-County-EPR-Ordinance.pdf. Santa Clara County MED-Project LLC (MED-Project). "A Product Stewardship Plan for Unwanted Medicine from Households." Santa Clara County, Santa Clara, CA, 23 July, 2016, 107 pp; available: https://www.sccgov.org/sites/rwr/rwrc/Documents/Santa%20Clara%20Plan.pdf. Santhosh MM, Jiju V, Santhosh K, Princy PM, and Nimisha SM. "Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals & personal care products ." Universal Journal of Pharmacy 2015, 4(2):60-65. Sanz EJ, Bush PJ, and Garcia M. "Medicines at home: the contents of medicine cabinets in eight countries." in Children, Medicines and Culture, Bush P, Vaskilampi T and Prout A, Eds., Pharmaceutical Products Press; New York, NY, 1996, Chapter 5, pp 77-104; http://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/children-medicines-and-culture-patricia-j-bush/1001463291. Saravanan S and Manoj Kumar T. "Reverse Logistic Practices on Household Medicine Disposal in India and its Impacts on Environment ." Indian Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biotechnology 2016, 4(1):39-42; http://www.ajphr.com/archive/volume-4/june-2016-issue-6/406002.html; http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.07666. Sargent EV and Naumann BD. "Derivation of "F" Values for Determining Child-Resistant Packaging of Pharmaceutical Products." 2012, http://www.msdresponsibility.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/MRK14_ChildPackaging.pdf. Sasu S, Kuö mmerer K, and Kranert M. "Assessment of pharmaceutical waste management at selected hospitals and homes in Ghana." Waste Management & Research 2012, 30(6):625-630; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x11423286. Sasu S, Metzger J, and Kranert M. "Investigating pharmaceutical waste management in Ghana." Waste Management 2011, 31(11):2361-2364; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2011.08.002. Satran J. 2015, "Doctors Play a Role in the Opioid Addiction Epidemic, Study Finds: A quarter of patients given a short-term prescription for painkillers transitioned to long-term use." Huffington Post, TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc., 4 September, 3 pp; http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/doctorsopioid-addiction_55e8e486e4b093be51bb10f2. Sattar MS. "An environmental impact perspective of the management, treatment, and disposal of hazardous compounds generated as medical waste at selected hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa." Masters Dissertation, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa, 2011. 227 pp; http://digitalknowledge.cput.ac.za:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/1017/1/Sattar_S_MTech_An%20environmental%20impact%20perspective.pdf; http://digitalknowledge.cput.ac.za/xmlui/handle/123456789/1017. Saunders P. "Donations of useless medicines to Kosovo contributes to chaos." British Medical Journal 1999, 319(7201):11; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7201.11. Savage L. "Health without harm: Prescriptions for the heathcare[sic] industry's ills." Earth Island Journal 2006, Autumn:6; http://www.earthisland.org/journal/index.php/eij/article/health_without_harm/. Savin JA. "Some guidelines to the use of topical corticosteroids." British Medical Journal 1985, 290(6482):1607-1608; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.290.6482.1607. Savransky N. "Pharmaceuticals in the Water: A look at an emerging and pressing issue." 2007 or later. 39 pp; http://www.mass.gov/dep/toxics/stypes/pharmh2o.pdf. Saxe D and Campbell J. "Keeping drugs out of our drinking water - an update." 17 March, 2010, 3 pp; available: http://www.huffstrategy.com/MediaManager/release/Dianne-Saxe/17-3-10/News-Article---Keeping-drugs-out-of-our-drinking-water---anupdat/1851.html. Saxton McSpadden C. "ASCP Comments to EPA on Universal Waste/RCRA and Hazardous Waste Proposed Rule." American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, Alexandria, VA, 4 March, 2009, 5 pp; available: http://www.ascp.com/advocacy/federal/upload/ASCP-DEA-Disposal-0309.pdf. Saygí Ş, Battal D, and Şahin NOÖ . "Çevre ve insan sagğ lígğ í yoö nuö nden ilaç atíklarínín oö nemi [The importance of pharmaceutical waste in terms of environmental and human health]." Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 16(2):82-90; http://edergi.marmara.edu.tr/marupj/article/view/1012001602. SB 966 and the Pharmaceutical Working Group. 2009, "Revised Criteria and Procedures for Model Home-Generated Pharmaceutical Waste Collection and Disposal Programs." Department of Resources, Recycling, and Recovery (CalRecycle) [formerly California Integrated Waste Management Board], Sacramento, CA, SB 966 (Simitian, Chapter 542, Statutes of 2007), 15 pp; http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/archive/IWMBMtgDocs/mtgdocs/2009/02/00024345.doc. Scanlon MT. 2015, "Summary of the Management Standards for Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals Proposed Rule." mondaq, Mondaq Ltd, 13 October, 15 pp; http://www.mondaq.com/article.asp?articleid=433992. Scheer R and Moss D. 2011, "External Medicine: Discarded Drugs May Contaminate 40 Million Americans' Drinking Water." Scientific American, Scientific American, New York, NY, 16 September, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=pharmaceuticals-in-the-water. Scherbina E, Batyan A, and Kireikov A. "Medical waste. The growing issues of management and disposal in the Republic of Belarus." Actual Environmental Problems: the proceedings of the VI-th International scientific conference for young scientists, PhD students, Master’s degree students

and students (in English), Minsk, Belarus, 24-25 November, 2016, 82-83 pp; http://elib.bsu.by/bitstream/123456789/162622/1/82-83.pdf; http://elib.bsu.by/handle/123456789/162622. Scherrer M and Daschner F. "Praxis und Probleme bei der Entsorgung von Zytostatikaabfaö llen [Practice and problems in the disposal of cytostatic agents]." Onkologie 1997, 20(6):502-507; http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000219016. Scherz RG. "Prevention of childhood poisoning. A community project." Pediatric Clinics of North America 1970, 17(3):713-727; http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/5491435; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5491435. Schettler T. "Toward an ecological view of health: an imperative for the twenty-first century." Designing the 21st Century Hospital: Environmental Leadership for Healthier Patients and Facilities, The Center for Health Design, September, 2006, http://www.premierinc.com/quality-safety/toolsservices/safety/topics/construction/downloads/designing-21st-century-hospital-2006.pdf. Schiff GD, Galanter WL, Duhig J, Lodolce AE, Koronkowski MJ, and Lambert BL. "Principles of Conservative Prescribing." Archives of Internal Medicine 2011, 171(16):1433-1440; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2011.256. Schillie SF, Shehab N, Thomas KE, and Budnitz DS. "Medication Overdoses Leading to Emergency Department Visits among Children." American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2009, 37(3):181-187; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2009.05.018. Schmertmann M, Williamson A, and Black D. "Unintentional poisoning in young children: does developmental stage predict the type of substance accessed and ingested?" Child: Care, Health and Development 2014, 40(1):50-59; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2012.01424.x. Schmertmann M, Williamson A, Black D, and Wilson L. "Risk factors for unintentional poisoning in children aged 1-3 years in NSW Australia: a casecontrol study." BMC Pediatrics 2013, 13(1):88; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-13-88. Schneider C, Moö hle E, Stenz G, Krauß P, and Metzger JW. "Arzneimittel in Siedlungsabfaö llen und in Deponiesickerwaö ssern [Drugs in municipal waste and landfill leachate]." Institut fuö r Siedlungswasserbau, Wasserguö te- und Abfallwirtschaft, (ISWA), Stuttgart, Germany, Year Unknown, 1 pp; available: http://www.iswa.uni-stuttgart.de/ch/poster/jt01_deponie.pdf. Schneider D, Ponto J, and Martin E. "Propofol Disposal in the Anesthesia Setting: Overcoming Barriers." AANA Journal 2017, 85(6):417-423; https://www.aana.com/docs/default-source/aana-journal-web-documents-1/propofol-disposal-in-the-anesthesia-setting-overcoming-barriersdecember-2017.pdf?sfvrsn=194041b1_4. Schoenewald S, Ross S, Bloom L, Shah M, Lynch J, Lin CL, et al. "New insights into root causes of pediatric accidental unsupervised ingestions of overthe-counter medications." Clinical Toxicology 2013, 51(10):930-936; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2013.855314. Scholtissek C and Webster RG. "Long-term stability of the anti-influenza A compounds-amantadine and rimantadine." Antiviral Research 1998, 38(3):213-215; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-3542(98)00015-1. Schonberger RB, Douglas L, and Baum CR. "Severe extrapyramidal symptoms in a 3-year-old boy after accidental ingestion of the new antipsychotic drug aripiprazole." Pediatrics 2004, 114(6):1743-1743; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/114/6/1743.2.short. Schulte D. "Disposal of expired drugs." Journal of Michigan Dental Association 2008, 90(8):16; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18756715? dopt=Abstract. Schultz L, Lowe TJ, Srinivasan A, Neilson D, and Pugliese G. "Economic Impact of Redundant Antimicrobial Therapy in US Hospitals." Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 2014, 35(10):1229-1235; http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/678066. Schulz M, Iwersen-Bergmann S, Andresen H, and Schmoldt A. "Therapeutic and toxic blood concentrations of nearly 1,000 drugs and other xenobiotics." Critical Care 2012, 16(4):1-4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/cc11441; http://link.springer.com/content/esm/art:10.1186/cc11441/file/MediaObjects/13054_2012_688_MOESM1_ESM.doc. Schumer C. 2011, "S. 1002: Safe Doses Act - A bill to prohibit theft of medical products, and for other purposes." 112th Congress (2011-2012) 1 st Session, 8 pp; http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=s112-1002. Schuring J. 2001, "H.B. 221: drug repository program under the State Board of Pharmacy to accept and dispense donated prescription drugs." 124th Ohio General Assembly, http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/bills.cfm?ID=124_HB_221. Schwartz L, Mercurio-Zappala M, Howland MA, and Hoffman RS. "How Do Poisonings in Children < 6 Really Occur? Targeting Outreach Based on an Analysis of Exposure Scenarios." Clinical Toxicology 2009, 47(7):143. Schwartz L, Mercurio-Zappala M, Howland MA, Hoffman RS, and Su MK. "Unintentional methadone and buprenorphine exposures in children: Developing prevention messages." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2017, 57(2):S83-S86; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2017.01.015. Schwarz A. 2015, "D.E.A. Effort to Curb Painkiller Abuse Falls Short at Pharmacies." The New York Times, The New York Times Company, 10 October, 5 pp; http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/11/us/dea-effort-to-curb-painkiller-abuse-falls-short-at-pharmacies.html?ref=health&_r=2. Schwarz ES, Kopec KT, Wiegand TJ, Wax PM, and Brent J. "Should We Be Using the Poisoning Severity Score?" Journal of Medical Toxicology 2017, 13(2):135-145; https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-017-0609-5. Schwarzbauer J, Heim S, Brinker S, and Littke R. "Occurrence and alteration of organic contaminants in seepage and leakage water from a waste deposit landfill." Water Research 2002, 36(9):2275-2287; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00452-3.

Schwarzbauer J, Heim S, Krooss B, and Littke R. "Analysis of undisturbed layers of a waste deposit landfill - Insights into the transformation and transport of organic contaminants." Organic Geochemistry 2006, 37(12):2026-2045; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2006.08.008. Schwebel DC, Evans WD, Hoeffler SE, Marlenga BL, Nguyen SP, Jovanov E, et al. "Unintentional child poisoning risk: A review of causal factors and prevention studies." Children's Health Care 2017, 46(2):109-130; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02739615.2015.1124775. Schweers K. 2010, "Prescription Drug Disposal Programs Back in Congressional Spotlight." National Community Pharmacists Association (NCPA), Alexandria, VA, 2 July, 4 pp; http://ncpanet.wordpress.com/2010/07/02/prescription-drug-disposal-programs-back-in-congressional-spotlight/. Schweers K. 2012, "Patients’ Concerns with Mail Order Diabetes Test Supplies, Waste Documented in New Report." The Dose, National Community Pharmacists Association (NCPA), 3 pp; http://ncpanet.wordpress.com/2012/11/30/patients-concerns-with-mail-order-diabetes-test-supplies-wastedocumented-in-new-report/. SCORxE "South Carolina Medicaid Academic Detailing Program." Web Page maintained by South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, SC, 2008, http://www.sccp.sc.edu/SCORxE/index.aspx. Scott A. "Dangerous levels of drug particles may be affecting pharmacy workers." Drug Topics 2008, 152(13):14; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/Community+Practice/Dangerous-levels-of-drug-particles-may-beaffectin/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/569594. Scott A. "NCPA helps pharmacies go green." Drug Topics 2009, April; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/article/articleDetail.jsp? id=595316. Sedler HJ. "Pre- and Post-Perceptions of Proper Pharmaceutical Disposal." Masters Dissertation, University of Central Missouri, School of Environmental, Physical and Applied Sciences, Warrensburg, MO, 2012. 99 pp; http://centralspace.ucmo.edu/xmlui/handle/10768/131. Seed SM, Jarvis CI, Sullivan KM, Silva MA, and Tataronis GR. "Assessing the effect of a brief educational intervention on pharmacists' and pharmacy students' attitudes and knowledge regarding medicine disposal." The 134th Annual Meeting & Exposition of APHA Environment Section Poster Session IV, 4-8 November, 2006, http://apha.confex.com/apha/134am/techprogram/paper_135061.htm. Seehusen DA and Edwards J. "Patient Practices and Beliefs concerning Disposal of Medications." Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine 2006, 19(6):542-547; http://dx.doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.19.6.542. Seely R. 2006, "Flushed drugs polluting water complicated rules for disposal result in most hospitals taking easy way out." Madison.com, 10 December, http://m.host.madison.com/news/article_acdb4a7b-6a05-5c6f-aeae-2e2431e515d7.html. Seguin MC. "Gap Analysis of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Product (PPCP) Disposal and an Indicator of Consumer Awareness." Masters Dissertation, American Public University, Charles Town, WV, 2015. 57 pp; http://digitalcommons.apus.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi? article=1041&context=theses. Selevan SG, Lindbohm M-L, Hornung RW, and Hemminki K. "A Study of Occupational Exposure to Antineoplastic Drugs and Fetal Loss in Nurses." New England Journal of Medicine 1985, 313(19):1173-1178; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198511073131901. Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress. 2009, "H.R. 1262: Water Quality Investment Act of 2009." US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, H.R. 1216, 111 th US Congress, 66 pp; http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=h1111262. Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress. 2010, "Secure and Responsible Drug Disposal Act of 2010." Public Law 111–273, 111th Congress, 4 pp; http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ273/pdf/PLAW-111publ273.pdf. Senft DJ. "Increased Scrutiny of Medication Disposal--Time to Focus on Your Medication Waste Management Practices." Geriatric Nursing 2010, 31(2):126-127; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2010.02.001. Serpone N, Artemev YM, Ryabchuk VK, Emeline AV, and Horikoshi S. "Light-Driven Advanced Oxidation Processes in the Disposal of Emerging Pharmaceutical Contaminants in Aqueous Media: A Brief Review." Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2017, 6:18-33; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsc.2017.05.003. Serrano K. 2017, "Should we make Big Pharma pay for drug take-back programs?" app.com, Asbury Park Press, USA Today, 24 May, 5 pp; http://www.app.com/story/news/2017/05/24/should-big-pharma-pay-drug-take-back-programsc/326325001/. Sessink P, Trahan J, and Coyne J. "Reduction in Surface Contamination with Cyclophosphamide in 30 US Hospital Pharmacies following Implementation of a Closed-System Drug Transfer Device." Hospital Pharmacy 2013, 48(3):204-212; http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hpj4803-204; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3839517/pdf/hpj4803-204.pdf. Sessink PJM and Bos RP. "Drugs Hazardous to Healthcare Workers: Evaluation of Methods for Monitoring Occupational Exposure to Cytostatic Drugs." Drug Safety 1999, 20(4):347-359; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-199920040-00004. Sessink PJM, Connor TH, Jorgenson JA, and Tyler TG. "Reduction in surface contamination with antineoplastic drugs in 22 hospital pharmacies in the US following implementation of a closed-system drug transfer device." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 2011, 17(1):39-48; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155210361431.

Setlik J, Ho M, and Bond GR. "Emergency department use after pediatric pharmaceutical ingestion: comparison of two national databases." Clinical Toxicology 2010, 48(1):64-67; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650903397234. Severtson SG, Martinez EM, Green JL, Dart RC, and Lavonas EJ. "Buprenorphine/naloxone pediatric ingestion: Exposure rates differ between film and tablet formulations." Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2015, 146:e95; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.626. Sewell A. 2016, "Pharmaceutical industry is lobbying hard against an L.A. County drug take-back proposal." Los Angeles Times, LA Times, Los Angeles, CA, 28 March, 4 pp; http://www.latimes.com/local/countygovernment/la-me-drug-takeback-20160328-story.html. Sewell A. 2016, "L.A. County supervisors roll back plans for a drug take-back program." Los Angeles Times, LA Times, Los Angeles, CA, 14 June, 4 pp; http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-drug-takeback-20160614-snap-story.html. Sexton AM. 2011, "Drug Disposal – to Flush or Not to Flush?" BrainBlogger, Global Neuroscience Initiative Foundation (GNIF), Panorama City, CA, 2 pp; http://brainblogger.com/2011/06/23/drug-disposal-%E2%80%93-to-flush-or-not-to-flush/. Seyberth HW. "Dimenhydrinate. Fatal intoxication in an infant: case report." Reactions Weekly 2013, 1477(1):15; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40278013-7025-7. Seyberth HW, Kauert G, and Bratzke H. "Fatal intoxication with diphenhydramine/dimenhydrinate (Vomex A ®)." Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 2013, 161(10):943-945; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00112-013-2990-8. Sforza T. 2011, "Doctors key to reducing drugs in drinking water, study says." OC Watchdog, Orange County Register Communications, Santa Ana, CA, 23 March, 3 pp; http://taxdollars.ocregister.com/2011/03/23/doctors-key-to-reducing-drugs-in-drinking-water-study-says/78663/. Shabir GA. "Review of Pharmaceutical Product Stability, Packaging and the ICH Guidelines." American Pharmaceutical Review 2008, 11(1):139-141. Shackford S. 2010, "Pharmaceutical collection event draws hundreds: Hemlock among chemicals dropped off." ithacajournal.com, The Ithaca Journal, Ithaca, NY, 8 March, 1 pp; http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/ithacajournal/access/1979706371.html?FMT=ABS&date=Mar+09%2C+2010. Shader RI. "Water Safety, Medication Disposal, and More: an Update." Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2010, 30(1):1-2; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0b013e3181cdf189. Shaffer C. "The Greening of Pharma: Change is slow, but industry is catching on." Pharmaceutical Formulation & Quality 2010, 12(4). Shafir W. "Pharmaceutical waste: why is it an issue now." Power Point Presentation, USEPA US EPA, Region 9, San Francisco, CA, 2005 or later; http://www.westp2net.org/hospital/pdf/az/07%20Pharms%20Waste%20(AZ).pdf. Shalinsky R. "Taking the Initiative to Take Back Medications." America's Pharmacist 2009, March:11-12; http://www.americaspharmacist.net/issues/AmRx_Mar09-TakingItBack.pdf. Shankaran H, Adeshina F, and Teeguarden JG. "Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model for Fentanyl in support of the development of Provisional Advisory Levels." Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2013, 273(3):464-476; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2013.05.024. Sharif I and Tse J. "Accuracy of Computer-Generated, Spanish-Language Medicine Labels." Pediatrics 2010, 125(5):960-965; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2009-2530. Sharma A, Madaan A, and Nagappa AN. "Medication storage and self medication practice among the youth in Karnataka Region, India ." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 2012, 3(8):2795-2800; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230601465_Medication_storage_and_self_medication_practice_among_the_youth_in_Karnataka_Region_Indi a. Sharma AK, Saini M, Singh SD, Prakash V, Das A, Bharathi DR, et al. "Diclofenac is toxic to the Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis: widening the diversity of raptors threatened by NSAID misuse in South Asia." Bird Conservation International 2014, 24(3):282-286; http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0959270913000609. Sharon S. 2010, "DEP Tests Show Prescription Drugs Leaching from Landfills." Maine Public Broadcasting Network, Bangor, Maine, 14 January, http://www.mpbn.net/News/MaineNews/tabid/181/ctl/ViewItem/mid/3475/ItemId/10603/Default.aspx. Sharp J. 2016 (29 April), "Letter in response to Heidi Sanborn (Executive Director, National Stewardship Action Council) from Jeremy Sharp (Deputy Cmmissioner, USFDA) regarding the disposal of unwanted consumer medications." US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 28 April, 2 pp; http://nsaction.us/mobius/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/FDA-Scanned-Response-Letter-Received-4-29-16.pdf. Sharps Compliance, Inc., "An evolution in medical waste treatment and repurposing that creates a new resource! Introducing PELLA-DRX TM." Web Page maintained by Sharps Compliance, Inc., Houston, TX, 2010, http://www.sharpsinc.com/pella-drx.htm. Sharps Compliance, Inc., "MWMSTM - A Medical Waste Management System. A complete medical waste and pharmaceutical disposal solution." Web Page maintained by Sharps Compliance, Inc., Houston, TX, 2010, http://www.sharpsinc.com/medical-waste-management.htm. Sharps Compliance, Inc., "Unused Medication Disposal: The TakeAway Environmental Return System TM." Web Page maintained by Sharps Compliance, Inc., Houston, TX, 2010, http://www.sharpsinc.com/learning-center/unused-medication-disposal.

Sharps Compliance, Inc. "TakeAway(TM) Environmental Return System: Unused patient Medication Disposal." Sharps Compliance, Inc, Houston, Texas, 2010, available: http://www.sharpsinc.com/downloads/takeaway.pdf. Sharps Compliance Corp. 2010, "Sharps Compliance Corp. Reports 16% Core Billings Growth in First Quarter Fiscal 2011 [Legislation regarding Disposal of Controlled Substances Creates Potential for TakeAway System(TM); USPS Addressing Disposal by Mail Systems for Non-Controlled Prescriptions by Developing Specific Protocols]." The Wall Street Journal, New York, NY, 8 pp; http://www.marketwatch.com/story/sharps-compliancecorp-reports-16-core-billings-growth-in-first-quarter-fiscal-2011-2010-10-27?reflink=MW_news_stmp. Shartsis AJ and Sanborn H. 2016, "OP/ED: THE TRUTH ABOUT COSTS OF THE LA COUNTY DRUG TAKE-BACK ORDINANCE." Cerritos Community News, HMG News Media Group, Cerritos, CA, 27 April, 6 pp; http://www.loscerritosnews.net/2016/04/20/oped-the-truth-about-costs-of-the-la-county-drugtake-back-ordinance/. Shartsis AJ and Sanborn H. 2016, "A dose of truth for LA County’s drug-disposal debate: Guest commentary." Los Angeles Daily News, LA Daily News, Los Angeles, CA, 13 June, 3 pp; http://www.dailynews.com/opinion/20160613/a-dose-of-truth-for-la-countys-drug-disposal-debate-guest-commentary. Shea K. 2011, "Infographic: Unprescribed — Drugs in the Water Cycle." Circle of Blue, Traverse City, MI, 2 pp; http://www.circleofblue.org/waternews/2011/world/infographic-unprescribed-%E2%80%94-drugs-in-the-water-cycle/. Shea ML, DeBell RM, Bondi KR, and Margulies RA. "Drugs Exposed to Extreme Cold: the military perspective." US Navy, Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory, US Navy, Subbase Groton, CT, Report 963, 11 November, 1981, 13 pp; available: http://salsa.stlib.state.nm.us/ipac20/ipac.jsp? session=12790TB8G0083.928&profile=nms&uri=link=3100007~!1082517~!3100001~! 3100002&aspect=basic_search&menu=search&ri=1&source=~!marquis&term=Drugs+exposed+to+extreme+cold+%3A&index=ALTITLE; http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA113544. Sheahan M. "Guidelines for the Environmentally-Safe Disposal of Pharmaceutical Products." University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, 20 October, 2008, 23 pp; available: http://www.layloff.net/articles/Pharmaceutical%20Product%20Disposal%20for%20Review.pdf. Shealy KM, O’Day P, and Eagerton DH. "The Needs and Opportunities for Medication Disposal Programs." Journal of Pharmacy Technology 2014, 30(5):147-150; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8755122514545519. Sherman KW. "Rhode Island Regulation of Cytotoxic Drugs under the Rhode Island Groundwater Protection Act and Groundwater Quality Rules." Adler Pollock & Sheehan P.C. (AP&S), Providence, RI, 16 November, 2011, 3 pp; available: http://jim.praytech.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/pharmacycle-00221143.pdf. Sherrard J, Sweidan M, Robinson J, Killian J, Brennan C, and Ozanne-Smith J. "Barriers to child poisoning prevention: why does child resistant packaging fail?" Monash University, Accident Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, August, 2005, 84 pp; available: http://211.26.193.60/health/injury/downloads/barriers.pdf. Shiber J, Fontane E, and Rosier M. "A 6-Year-Old Girl with Somnolence: Patching Together the Clues." Pediatric Emergency Care 2007, 23(12):909-911; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pec.0b013e31815d3b77. Shimkin PM and Shaivitz SA. "Oxazepam poisoning in a child." Journal of the American Medical Association 1966, 196(7):662; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1966.03100200102036. Shirdelpour K, Shafipour SZ, Mirzaei M, Kazem Nejad Leili E, and Nath A. "Poisoning and its Related Factors in Children under 6 Years Old in Rasht." Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery 2017, 27(2):85-92; http://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-890-en.html. Shirreff WT and Pearlman LN. "Oil of wintergreen poisoning: (Report of Two Additional Fatal Cases)." Canadian Medical Association Journal 1940, 43(3):264-268; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC538133/. Shotar AM. "Drug poisoning in childhood." Saudi Medical Journal 2005, 26(12):1948-1950; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16380779. Shroff N and Kongar E. "A Framework for Managing End-of-life Pharmaceutical Products." Proceedings for the Northeast Region Decision Sciences Institute, April, 2011, 19 pp; http://www.nedsi.org/proc/2011/proc/p101208008.pdf; http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/88844663/framework-managing-end-of-life-pharmaceutical-products. Shultz S, Baral HS, Charman S, Cunningham AA, Das D, Ghalsasi GR, et al. "Diclofenac poisoning is widespread in declining vulture populations across the Indian subcontinent." Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences 2004, 271(Suppl):458-460; http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2004.0223. SHWEC "Reducing Pharmaceutical Waste at Home." Web Page maintained by UW-Milwaukee Information & Media Technologies and UW-Extension, Wilwaukee, MN, 2013, http://www4.uwm.edu/shwec/pharmaceuticalwaste/reduceHome.cfm. SHWEC "Reducing Pharmaceutical Waste." Web Page maintained by UW-Milwaukee Information & Media Technologies and UW-Extension, Milwaukee, MN, 2013, http://www4.uwm.edu/shwec/pharmaceuticalwaste/index.cfm. Sibert JR and Routledge PA. "Accidental poisoning in children: can we admit fewer children with safety?" Archives of Disease in Childhood 1991, 66:263266; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.66.2.263. Siebe C. "New Insights into Root Causes of Pediatric Accidental Unsupervised Ingestions of Over-the-Counter Medications: Schoenewald S, Ross S, Bloom L, et al. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2013;51:930–6." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2014, 46(4):601; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.02.019.

Siebe C. "Comments on: New Insights into Root Causes of Pediatric Accidental Unsupervised Ingestions of Over-the-Counter Medications." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2014, 46(4):601; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.02.019. Siegel E and Wason S. "Camphor toxicity." Pediatric Clinics of North America 1986, 33(2):375-379; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3515302. SIGRE "Coé mo reciclar bien los medicamentos y sus envases [How to recycle well medicines and containers]." Web Page maintained by SIGRE Medicamento y Medio Ambiente, Madrid, Spain, 2001, http://www.sigre.es/Ciudadanos/. Sigurjoé nsson A. "Vannyé ting lyfja. Greining aé lyfjum skilað til eyðingar og goö gnum ué r gagnagrunni Landlæknisembættisins [Unwanted drugs. Analysis of drugs returned for destruction and data from the Directorate of Health database]." Masters Dissertation, University of Iceland, Reykjavíék, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1946/2647. Siler S, Duda S, Brown R, Gbemudu J, Weier S, and Glaudemans J. "Safe Disposal of Unused Controlled Substances/Current Challenges and Opportunities for Reform." Avalere Health LLC, Washington, DC, 2008, 74 pp; available: http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/Safe_Disposal_of_Unused_Controlled_Substances.pdf. Silva K, Schrager SM, Kecojevic A, and Lankenau SE. "Factors associated with history of non-fatal overdose among young nonmedical users of prescription drugs." Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2013, 128(112):104-110; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.08.014. Silva PS. "Notice of Availability of Preliminary 2010 Effluent Guidelines Program Plan." Federal Register 2009, 74(247):68599-68615; http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2009/pdf/E9-30625.pdf. Silverman E. 2014, "Who Foots the Bill for Expired Medicine? One Proposal: Drug Makers." The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, Inc., New York, NY, 10 April, 4 pp; http://blogs.wsj.com/corporate-intelligence/2014/04/10/who-foots-the-bill-for-expired-medicine-one-proposal-drugmakers/. Silverman E. 2015, "Pharma Frets as Local Governments Adopt Drug Take-Back Programs." The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, Inc., New York, NY, 1 May, 1 pp; http://blogs.wsj.com/pharmalot/2015/05/01/pharma-frets-as-local-governments-adopt-drug-take-back-programs/. Silverman E. 2015, "San Francisco may be First Major U.S. City with a Drug-Take Back Program." The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, Inc., New York, NY, 25 March, 1 pp; http://blogs.wsj.com/pharmalot/2015/03/25/san-francisco-may-be-first-major-u-s-city-with-a-drug-take-backprogram/. Silverman E. 2016, "Who should pay for disposing unused drugs? Pharma says: not us." Stat: Bulletin of the Wisconsin Nurses Association, 3 May, 7 pp; https://www.statnews.com/pharmalot/2016/05/03/drug-take-back/. Silverman E. 2016, "Drug companies should pay for disposing human waste, say state lawmakers." Stat: Bulletin of the Wisconsin Nurses Association, 8 March, 4 pp; https://www.statnews.com/pharmalot/2016/03/08/cancer-patients-drug-makers-waste/. SIlverman E. 2016, "Pharma pushed by investment funds to pay for drug take-back programs." Stat: Bulletin of the Wisconsin Nurses Association, 26 April, 4 pp; https://www.statnews.com/pharmalot/2016/04/26/drug-abuse-take-back/. Silverman E. 2016, "Pharma loses one battle over drug take-back programs, but wins another." Pharmalot, 16 June, 5 pp; https://www.statnews.com/pharmalot/2016/06/16/take-back-programs-drug-abuse/. Simitian J and Kuehl S. 2007, "SB 966: Drug Waste Management and Disposal." State of California Senate, Senate Bill 966, Article 3.4, Session 2007-2008, 4 pp; http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/07-08/bill/sen/sb_0951-1000/sb_966_bill_20071012_chaptered.html; http://www.senatorsimitian.com/entry/sb_0966_pharmaceutical_drug_disposal/; http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/postquery? bill_number=sb_966&sess=PREV&house=B&author=simitian. Simitian (Senator) and Kuehl (Senator). 2007, "Pharmaceutical drug waste disposal." California Senate Bill 966, Chapter 542, http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/07-08/bill/sen/sb_0951-1000/sb_966_bill_20071012_chaptered.html; http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/postquery? bill_number=sb_966&sess=PREV&house=B&author=simitian. Simone KE. "(++)Thirty U.S. Poison Center reports later: Greater demand, more difficult problems." Clinical Toxicology 2014, 52(2):91-92; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2013.878949. Simons TE. "Drug Take-back Programs: Safe Disposal of Unused, Expired, or Unwanted Medications in North Carolina." Coastal Coalition for Substance Abuse Prevention, 10 October, 2010, 19 pp; available: http://www.ncdoi.com/OSFM/Safekids/Documents/OMCWhitePaper.pdf. Simpson SH, Eurich DT, Majumdar SR, Padwal RS, Tsuyuki RT, Varney J, et al. "A meta-analysis of the association between adherence to drug therapy and mortality." British Medical Journal 2006, 333(7557):15-20; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38875.675486.55. Singer N. "No Mug? Drug Makers Cut out Goodies for Doctors." The New York Times, 2008, 30 December http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/31/business/31drug.html?_r=2. Singh MK, DelBello MP, and Adler CM. "Acute dystonia associated with aripiprazole in a child." Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2007, 46(3):306-307; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/chi.0b013e31802ed925. Singh S, Junwal M, Modhe G, Tiwari H, Kurmi M, Parashar N, et al. "Forced degradation studies to assess the stability of drugs and products." TRAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 2013, 49:71-88; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2013.05.006.

Singleton JA, Lau ETL, and Nissen LM. "Waiter, there is a drug in my soup – using Leximancer ® to explore antecedents to pro-environmental behaviours in the hospital pharmacy workplace." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2017, In press:n/a-n/a; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpp.12395. Singleton JA, Nissen LM, Barter N, and McIntosh M. "The global public health issue of pharmaceutical waste: what role for pharmacists?" Journal of Global Responsibility 2014, 5(1):126-137; http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JGR-03-2014-0009; http://eprints.qut.edu.au/70581/3/70581.PDF. SINGREM "National de gestion des deé chets d'emballages des meé dicaments [National Packaging Waste Management of Medicines]." Web Page maintained by Sistema Nacional de Gestioé n de Residuos de Envases de Medicamentos (SINGREM), Mexico City, Mexico, (9 June); 2012, http://singrem.org.mx/index.html; http://mexicomedico.mx/inicia-df-programa-para-recolectar-medicamentos-caducos/. Sinha Y and Cranswick NE. "Clonidine poisoning in children: A recent experience." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 2004, 40(12):678-680; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2004.00491.x. Sinoski K. 2016, "Metro Vancouver wants to regulate waste, contaminants from hospitals." Vancouver Sun, Postmedia Network Inc., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 15 April, 5 pp; http://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/metro-vancouver-wants-to-regulate-waste-contaminants-fromhospitals. Sipkoff M. "This new product helps dispose of drug waste." Drug Topics 2007, February:3; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=405018&sk=&date=&&pageID=1. Sirisha A, Janardhan M, Karuna SP, Venkata RY, Shrinivas RR, and Shivaraj P. "Knowledge, attitude and practice on safe disposal of medicines among medical and dental undergraduates." Journal of Basic and Clinical Research 2016, 3(1); http://jbcr.net.in/volume3-issue1-article1.htm. Siroka Z and Svobodova Z. "The toxicity and adverse effects of selected drugs in animals – Overview." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 2013, 16(1):181-191; http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjvs-2013-0027. SIRUM "Empowering clinics with technology and community." Web Page maintained by Supporting Initiative to Redistribute Unused Medicines (SIRUM), Palo Alto, CA, 2010, http://www.sirum.org/; http://www.sirum.org/about/solution; http://www.sirum.org/cms/index.php?/faq/individual/category/donating_medicine/; http://www.teleosis.org/spotlight-sirum.php. Sixsmith DG and Smail GA. "Evaluation of medicines returned in Glasgow DUMP campaign." Health Bulletin 1978, 36(2):88-90; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/649393. Skinner G. 2017, "Best Ways to Protect Kids From Accidental Drug Poisoning. Few adults are aware of the risks—or even take basic precautions with dangerous medications." Consumer Reports, 20 March, 3 pp; https://www.consumerreports.org/drugs/best-ways-to-protect-kids-accidental-drugpoisoning-/. Skinner RF, Shave JHL, Harris JM, Peattie JR, and Talman FAJ. "A survey of medicines in patients' homes [note: citation could not be verified]." The Pharmaceutical Journal 1978, October:326-327. Sklar DL. 2016, "Pharmaceutical manufacturers resist responsibility for collection efforts." MyNewsLA.com, CalNews Inc., Los Angeles, CA, 1 November, 2 pp; http://mynewsla.com/government/2016/11/01/pharmaceutical-manufacturers-resist-responsibility-for-collection-efforts/. Slack RJ, Bonin M, Gronow JR, Van Santen A, and Voulvoulis N. "Household hazardous waste data for the UK by direct sampling." Environmental Science & Technology 2007, 41(7):2566-2571; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es061775w. Slack RJ, Gronow JR, Hall DH, and Voulvoulis N. "Household hazardous waste disposal to landfill: Using LandSim to model leachate migration." Environmental Pollution 2007, 146(2):501-509; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.07.011. Slack RJ, Gronow JR, and Voulvoulis N. "Hazardous components of household waste." Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology 2004, 34(5):419-445; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10643380490443272. Slack RJ, Gronow JR, and Voulvoulis N. "Household hazardous waste in municipal landfills: contaminants in leachate." Science of the Total Environment 2005, 337(1-3):119-137; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.07.002. Slack RJ, Zerva P, Gronow JR, and Voulvoulis N. "Assessing quantities and disposal routes for household hazardous products in the United Kingdom." Environmental Science & Technology 2005, 39(6):1912-1919; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0404062. Slaughter L. 2011, "HR 2939: Pharmaceutical Stewardship Act of 2011." 112 th US Congress 1st Session, 27 pp; http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/Pharm_Stewardship_legislation.pdf. Slaughter L. 2016, "Slaughter Announces Introduction of Legislation to Tackle Opioid Addiction Epidemic: The Pharmaceutical Stewardship Act (PSA)." United States House of Representatives, Washington, DC, 30 April, 1 pp; https://louise.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/slaughter-announcesintroduction-legislation-tackle-opioid-addiction. Slaughter LM. 2011, "Congresswoman Louise M. Slaughter Statement for the Record: Pharmaceutical Stewardship Act of 2011 (HR 2939)." 112 th US Congress 1st Session, 3 pp; http://www.productstewardship.us/associations/6596/files/Statement_for_the_record_Pharmaceutical_Stewardship_Bill.pdf. Slaughter LM. 2015, "To provide for the disposal of covered drugs pursuant to national pharmaceutical stewardship programs, and for other purposes." 114th US Congress 1st Session, 26 pp; https://c.ymcdn.com/sites/productstewardship.siteym.com/resource/resmgr/Pharms_reports_factsheets/SLAUGH_019_xml.pdf.

SMARxT. "SMARxT Disposal: Video Demonstration for Safe Disposal of Medicines." 12 November 2008; http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=5Tbo2jj8qlc; http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Tbo2jj8qlc&feature=related. Smialek JE, Monforte JR, Aronow R, and Spitz WU. "Methadone deaths in children: A continuing problem." Journal of the American Medical Association 1977, 238(23):2516-2517; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1977.03280240062022. Smith AG and Margolis G. "Camphor Poisoning: Anatomical and Pharmacologic Study; Report of a Fatal Case; Experimental Investigation of Protective Action of Barbiturate." The American Journal of Pathology 1954, 30(5):857-869; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1942492/. Smith B. 2014, "Indiana to Start Year-Round Drug Disposal Program." Indiana Public Media News, The Trustees of Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 2 pp; http://indianapublicmedia.org/news/indiana-implement-yearround-drug-disposal-program-69560/. Smith C. "Managing Pharmaceutical Waste." Connecticut Hospital Roudtable, 8 September 2005; http://www.ct.gov/dep/lib/dep/p2/institution/pharmaceutical_waste.pdf. Smith C. "Managing Pharmaceutical Waste: A 10-Step Blueprint for Healthcare Facilities." PharmEcology Associates, LLC, 17 April 2007; http://www.ohanet.org/SiteObjects/6F006F9A10C2D431388243EE89AF9377/waste_ppt.pdf. Smith C. "Managing Pharmaceutical Waste: A 10-Step Blueprint for Health Care Facilities in the United States." Practice Greenhealth, August, 2008, 93 pp; available: http://www.hercenter.org/hazmat/tenstepblueprint.pdf. Smith C. "Pharmaceutical-Related Legislation Passed or Proposed." WM Healthcare Solutions, Inc, Vernon, CA, 2010; http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/assets/public/permitting/watersupply/pdw/pdagroup/PDAGMaterialsExternalApr2010.pdf. Smith C. 2010, "Lifesaving Drugs, Deadly Consequences: ‘Secondhand chemo’ puts healthcare workers at risk." The Seattle Times, Seattle, WA, 11 July, 7 pp; http://invw.org/chemo-main; http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2012327665_chemo11.html. Smith C and Gloyd J. "Public Safety Paradox: Challenges in Managing Unwanted Consumer Controlled Substances." NASCSA 26thAnnual Conference, Charleston, SC, National Association of State Controlled Substances Authorities (NASCSA), 19- 0 October, 2010, http://www.nascsa.org/Conference2010/Presentations/SmithGloyd.pdf. Smith C and McGurk J. "Managing Pharmaceutical Waste: A 10-Step Blueprint for Health Care Facilities in the United States Revised for California Healthcare Facilities." Hospitals for a Healthy Environment, Practice Greenhealth, BAPPG Bay Area Pollution Prevention Group, August, 2008, 94 pp; available: http://www.bacwa.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=dLjPqQLP5nI%3D&tabid=71&mid=415. Smith CA. "Rationale for inclusion of criteria for proper disposal of monograph pharmaceutical preparations based on the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act." Pharmacopeial Forum 1999, 25(3):8309-8312; http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=10052151. Smith CA. "Pharmaceuticals Take Back Program." ASTSWMO (Association of State and Territorial Solid Waste Management Officials) State Hazardous Waste Conference, Minneapolis, MN, 29 July, 2002. Smith CA. "Managing Pharmaceutical Waste: What Pharmacists Should Know." Journal of the Pharmacy Society of Wisconsin 2002, Nov/Dec:17-22; http://www.pharmecology.com/pedd/pdf/Managing%20Pharmaceutical%20Waste.pdf. Smith CA. "The right prescription. Managing pharmaceutical waste is environmentally correct and the law." Health Facilities Management 2003, 16(5):30-34; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12789908. Smith CA. 2009, "Pharmaceutical Update and RCRA Review." Sacramento Regional County Sanitation District (SRCSD), Sacramento, CA, 19 November, 52 pp; http://www.dontflushyourmeds.com/pdf/smith.pdf. Smith CA, "Good medicine: A quick-start guide to managing pharmaceutical waste." Health Facilities Management, 2010, May 5 pp; http://www.hfmmagazine.com/hfmmagazine_app/jsp/articledisplay.jsp?dcrpath=HFMMAGAZINE/Article/data/05MAY2010/1005HFM_FEA_ES. Smith CA. "What’s Hot with Regulating Pharmaceutical Waste." WM Healthcare Solutions, Inc., Vernon, CA, 6 April 2011; http://www.cleanmed.org/2011/downloads/presentations/A-2/A2_Smith.pdf. Smith CA. 2011, "Managing Pharmaceutical Waste." Pharmacy Practice News, 39-43 pp; http://www.pharmacypracticenews.com/download/Medical_waste_ppnse11_WM.pdf. Smith CA and McCauley JR. "Pharmaceutical hazardous waste identification and management system." Patent Application: 2006, 33 pp; http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/7096161/fulltext.html. Smith CA and Mccauley JR. "Pharmaceutical waste identification system." Patent Application: 2014, http://www.google.com/patents/US8706574. Smith D. "Emerging Pollutants of Concern: A Survey of State Activities and Future Needs." US Environmental Protection Agency, Special Project of State/EPA Water Quality Standards Workgroup, January, 2008, 30 pp; available: http://www.sawpa.org/documents/EC-Appendix-F.pdf. Smith ER and Klein-Schwartz W. "Are 1–2 dangerous? Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2005, 28(4):437-443; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2004.12.011. Smith G and Barone S. "Poison Prevention Packaging Act Unit Packaging." 16 March 2005; http://www.cpsc.gov/PageFiles/114108/pppa10.pdf.

Smith JP, Sammons DL, Robertson SA, Pretty JR, DeBord DG, Connor TH, et al. "Detection and measurement of surface contamination by multiple antineoplastic drugs using multiplex bead assay." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 2016, 22(1):60-67; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155214554407. Smith NR. 2014, "Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America; Generic Pharmaceutical Association; Biotechnology Industry Organization, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. County of Alameda; Alameda County Department of Environment Health, Defendants-Appellees." United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, San Francisco, CA, No. 13-16833, 17 pp; http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2014/09/30/13-16833.pdf. Smith NR. 2015, "Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America; Generic Pharmaceutical Association; Biotechnology Industry Organization, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. County of Alameda; Alameda County Department of Environment Health, Defendants-Appellees: Petition Denied." United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, San Francisco, CA, No. 13-16833, 2 pp; http://www.supremecourt.gov/search.aspx?filename=/docketfiles/14751.htm. Smolen A. "Role of the Pharmacist in Proper Medication Disposal." U.S. Pharmacist 2011, 36(7):52-55; http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/d/featured%20articles/c/29041/. Smolinske SC and Kaufman MM. "Consumer perception of household hazardous materials." Clinical Toxicology 2007, 45(5):522-525; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650701354192. Snohomish County. "Pharmaceutical Take-Back Education and Research." 15 June, 2008, 88 pp; available: http://www.nwstraits.org/Uploads/pdf/SNO2008-0073_%20SumRpt_PHARM.pdf. Snyder SA, Vanderford BJ, Drewes J, Dickenson E, Snyder EM, Bruce GM, et al. "State of Knowledge of Endocrine Disruptors and Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water." American Water Works Association, AWWA Research Foundation, Denver, CO, 2008, 268 pp; http://www.awwa.org/bookstore/productDetail.cfm?ItemNumber=43088. So T-Y and Farrington E. "Topical Benzocaine-induced Methemoglobinemia in the Pediatric Population." Journal of Pediatric Health Care 2008, 22(6):335-339; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2008.08.008. Socialstyrelsen. "Kasserade laö kemedel - Foö rslag paå aå tgaö rder foö r att minska maö ngden oö verblivna laö kemedel (Discarded medicines - Social Welfare Board's proposal on measures to reduce the amount of leftover medicines)." Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare, Stockholm, Sweden, 24 August, 2004, 59 pp; available: http://www.socialstyrelsen.se/Lists/Artikelkatalog/Attachments/10276/2004-103-12_200410312.pdf. Solomon D. 2016, "NH senators, Manchester chief testify on drug crisis' heavy toll." New Hampshire Union Leader, Manchester, NH, 27 January, 3 pp; http://www.unionleader.com/NH-senators-Manchester-chief-testify-on-drug-crisis-heavy-toll. Solomon J. 2010, "$75 million in prescription drugs stolen from warehouse." CNN Justice, Cable News Network, A Time Warner Company, 16 March, 3 pp; http://www.cnn.com/2010/CRIME/03/16/connecticut.drug.heist/index.html. Song Y, Manian M, Fowler W, Korey A, and Banga AK. "Activated Carbon-Based System for the Disposal of Psychoactive Medications ." Pharmaceutics 2016, 8(4):31-44; http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics8040031. Sonowal S, Desai C, Kapadia J, and Desai M. "A Survey of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Consumers at a Tertiary Care Hospital regarding the Disposal of Unused Medicines." Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy 2017, 8(1):4-7; http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-0105.195079. Sopko K. "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: an Overview & Brief Insight into Northeast Ohio." Case Western Reserve University, City: Cleveland, OH, 8 April, 2010, 14 pp; available: http://www.case.edu/med/epidbio/mphp439/Pharmaceuticals_Environment.pdf. Sorensen L, Stokes JA, Purdie DM, Woodward M, and Roberts MS. "Medication management at home: medication-related risk factors associated with poor health outcomes." Age and Ageing 2005, 34(6):626-632; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afi202. Soto-Peé rez-de-Celis E, Skvirsky DO, and Cisneros BG. "Unintentional Ingestion of Brimonidine Antiglaucoma Drops: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Pediatric Emergency Care 2007, 23(9):657-658; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e31814b2df0. Soyka M. "Buprenorphine and Buprenorphine/Naloxone Intoxication in Children - How Strong is the Risk?" Current Drug Abuse Reviews 2013, 6(1):6370; http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/18744737112059990010. Spack T. "Pharmaceutical disposal programs: A Canadian perspective." International Seminar on Drug Residues: Opportunity and Business, Saã o Paulo, Brazil, 2012, http://residuosmedicamentos.abdi.com.br/ApresentacoesPosEvento/Tracey%20Spack%20-%20Minist%C3%A9rio%20da%20Sa %C3%BAde%20do%20Canad%C3%A1.pdf. Spartz JT and Shaw BR. "Wisconsin Hospice Professionals’ Attitudes and Practices Related to Disposing of Pharmaceutical Waste." Journal of Pharmacy Society of Wisconsin 2009, July/August; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242316718. Spicer S. "Taking back the drugs." Utility Executive 2008, March/April; http://w.weftec.org/WorkArea/linkit.aspx?LinkIdentifier=id&ItemID=3914. Spigset O. "Er det farlig aå bruke legemidler som har gaå tt ut paå dato? [Are drugs past their expiration date dangerous?]." Tidsskrift Nor Laegeforening 2005, 125(4):434; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15742015.

Spilka KE. 2015, "Bill S.2020 - An Act relative to substance use prevention. Section 16, Chapter 94G: Drug Stewardship Program." Senate Committee on Ways and Means, Washington, DC, 189th General Court of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 33 pp; https://malegislature.gov/Bills/189/Senate/S2020. Spiller H. "A Case of Fatal Ingestion of a 10% Benzalkonium Chloride Solution ." Journal of Forensic Toxicology & Pharmacology 2014, 3(1):1-3; http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2325-9841.1000113. Spiller HA. "Management of sulfonylurea ingestions." Pediatric Emergency Care 1999, 15(3):227-230; http://journals.lww.com/peconline/Fulltext/1999/06000/Management_of_sulfonylurea_ingestions.15.aspx. Spiller HA, Beuhler MC, Ryan ML, Borys DJ, Aleguas A, and Bosse GM. "Evaluation of Changes in Poisoning in Young Children: 2000 to 2010." Pediatric Emergency Care 2013, 29(5):635-640; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e31828e9d00. Spiller HA and Griffith JRK. "Increasing burden of pill identification requests to US Poison Centers." Clinical Toxicology 2009, 47(3):253-255; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650902754877. Spiller HA, Klein-Schwartz W, Colvin JM, Villalobos D, Johnson PB, and Anderson DL. "Toxic clonidine ingestion in children." The Journal of Pediatrics 2005, 146(2):263-266; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.09.027. Spiller HA, Milliner BA, and Bosse GM. "Amlodipine Fatality in an Infant with Postmortem Blood Levels." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2012, 8(2):179182; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13181-011-0207-x. Spiller HA, Schroeder SL, and Ching DSY. "Hemiparesis and Altered Mental Status in a Child after Glyburide Ingestion." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 1998, 16(3):433-435; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0736-4679(98)00010-9. Spiller HA, Villalobos D, Krenzelok EP, Anderson BD, Gorman SE, Rose SR, et al. "Prospective multicenter study of sulfonylurea ingestion in children." The Journal of Pediatrics 1997, 131(1):141-146; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(97)70138-0. Spivey S and Connor TH. "Determining sources of workplace contamination with antineoplastic drugs and comparing conventional IV drug preparation with a closed system." Hospital Pharmacy 2003, 38(2):135-139; http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=14968853; http://www.baxa.com/resources/docs/research/HospPharm%20Feb%202003.pdf. Spurling GK, Mansfield PR, Montgomery BD, Lexchin J, Doust J, Othman N, et al. "Information from Pharmaceutical Companies and the Quality, Quantity, and Cost of Physicians' Prescribing: A Systematic Review." PLoS Medicine 2010, 7(10):e1000352; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1000352. Sri Lanka Ministry of Health. 2007, "Most tsunami drug donations were useless and dangerous." The Sunday Times Online, The Sunday Times, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 3 pp; http://sundaytimes.lk/070225/News/106news.html. Srishti. "Hospital Waste: Time to Act - Srishti’s factsheets on 14 priority areas." Srishti, New Delhi, India, June, 2002, 59 pp; available: http://www.bvsde.paho.org/bvsacd/cd48/timetoact.pdf. Srivastava B, Gaur S, Sinha AK, Gaur S, and Khanchandani R. "Drug disposal and environmental concern." Journal of Drug Discovery and Therapeutics 2014, 2(17):1-13; http://www.jddt.in/index.php/jddt/article/view/192. Srivastava B, Sinha AK, Gaur S, and Palaria U. "Ecopharmacovigilance: Its importance and challenges." Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research 2014, 3(3):81-87; http://jbpr.in/index.php/jbpr/article/view/291/341. Staff Reports. "Study proves that even with increased drug costs, adherence will reduce overall health spending." Drug Topics 2011, 25 January; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=704096&sk=4231dcc1f479c7a3c9e5e3f807d70963. Staff Reports. "NCPA, ASCP applaud CMS decision to delay short-cycle dispensing." Drug Topics 2011, April; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=715598. Staff Reports. "Controlled substance disposal a natural for community pharmacies." Drug Topics 2011, May; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=718376&sk=5e7812286d9e825a6f10be66ddc39ffa. Staff Reports. "NCPA cautions Congress about "track-and-trace" bill." Drug Topics 2011, September; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=740090. Staff Reports. "Express Scripts develops predictive model to combat non-adherence." Drug Topics 2012, April. Staff Reports. 2012, "FDA clears smart pills that monitor medication adherence." Drug Topics, 2 pp; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/The+Latest/FDA-clears-smart-pills-that-monitor-medicationadh/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/784311?contextCategoryId=49628. Staff Reports. "NCPA, Congress examine waste and potential fraud in auto-refill mail order prescriptions." Drug Topics 2012, 3 December; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=798433&sk=38be4c1c25dd9cc2765ad14a334b1a35. Staff Reports. "NACDS, NCPA comment on DEA’s proposal to safely dispose of controlled substances." Drug Topics 2013, February. Staff Reports. 2013, "Latest drug take-back day most successful yet." Drug Topics, 3 May, http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/news/latest-drug-take-back-day-most-successful-yet.

Stanislaus M. "EPA Response Re: EPA Office of Inspector General Report, EPA Inaction in Identifying Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals May Result in Unsafe Disposal." US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Inspector General (OIG), Washington, DC, 12-P-0508, 25 May, 2012, 2 pp; available: http://www.epa.gov/oig/reports/2012/12-P-0508_Agency%20Response.pdf. Stanislaus M. "Making Hazardous Waste Regulations Work for Today’s Marketplace." EPA Connect 2015, (31 August) https://blog.epa.gov/blog/2015/08/making-hazardous-waste-regulations/. Stark G, Fawcett JP, and Tucker IG. "A study of the stability of some commercial solid dosage forms beyond their expiration dates." The Pharmaceutical Journal 1997, 258(6941):637-640; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292170259_A_study_of_the_stability_of_some_commercial_solid_dosage_forms_beyond_their_expiration_da tes. Stark M. "More states took in expired meds in 2009." 2010, Associated Press, 19 January 2 pp; http://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory? id=9605612. START "Pharmaceuticals for Human Use: Options of Action for Reducing the Contamination of Water Bodies — A Practical Guide." Web Page maintained by START: Management Strategies for Pharmaceutical Residues in Drinking Water, Institute for Social-Ecological Research (ISOE) GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany, 2010, http://www.start-project.de/english.htm. Stassinos G and Klein-Schwartz W. "Comparison of pediatric atypical antipsychotic exposures reported to U.S. poison centers." Clinical Toxicology 2017, 55(1):40-45; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2016.1233342. State of Maine. 2003, "S.P. 671 - L.D. 1826: an Act to Encourage the Proper Disposal of Unused Pharmaceuticals." Office of the Revisor of Statutes, Chapter 679, S.P. 671 - L.D. 1826, http://maine.gov/legis/opla/drugimpleg.PDF. State of Maine. 2010, "Public Law, Chapter 516: an Act to Provide Leadership regarding the Responsible Recycling of Consumer Products." Maine State Legislature, Office of Legislative Information, Augusta, ME, 124th Session, 4 pp; http://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/bills_124th/chapters/PUBLIC516.asp. State of New York. "Proceedings of the Roundtable Discussion on Managing Unused Pharmaceuticals in NYS, May 15, 2008." Secretary for the Environment, Office of Governor Patterson, State of New York, 26 September, 2008, 9 pp; available: http://www.mass.gov/dep/toxics/stypes/nypharm.pdf. State of Utah. "Proper Medication Disposal: Information about the Proper Disposal of Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medications for Utah Households." Utah.Gov Services, Salt Lake City, Utah, 2010, 6 pp. State of Washington. 2009, "SB 5279 - 2009-10: Providing for the safe collection and disposal of unwanted drugs from residential sources through a producer provided and funded product stewardship program." SB 5279-2009-10, 61st Legislature, 13 pp; http://apps.leg.wa.gov/billinfo/summary.aspx?bill=5279&year=2009. Statehealthfacts.org "Total Retail Sales for Prescription Drugs Filled at Pharmacies, 2009." Web Page maintained by Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, Menlo Park, CA, (4 September); 2009, http://www.statehealthfacts.org/comparemaptable.jsp?ind=266&cat=5. Statehealthfacts.org "Retail Prescription Drugs Filled at Pharmacies (Annual per Capita by Age), 2009." Web Page maintained by Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, Menlo Park, CA, (4 September); 2009, http://www.statehealthfacts.org/comparetable.jsp?ind=268&cat=5. Statehealthfacts.org "Retail Prescription Drugs Filled at Pharmacies (Annual per Capita by Gender), 2009." Web Page maintained by Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, Menlo Park, CA, (4 September); 2009, http://www.statehealthfacts.org/comparetable.jsp?ind=269&cat=5. Staveley J, Wu M, and Snyder S. "American Chemical Society hosts briefing on pharmaceuticals in water." Pharmaceuticals in Our Water: Concerns and Responses, Washington, DC, 14 September, 2010, http://www.biosciencetechnology.com/News/Feeds/2010/09/industries-american-chemicalsociety-hosts-briefing-on-pharma/. Stead AH and Moffat AC. "A Collection of Therapeutic, Toxic and Fatal Blood Drug Concentrations in Man." Human & Experimental Toxicology 1983, 2(3):437-464; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718300200301. Steel S and George R. "Wasted drugs in HIV infection and AIDS." British Medical Journal 1992, 304(6819):123; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.304.6819.123-b. Stefanacci RG and Khan T. "Can Managed Care Manage Polypharmacy?" Clinics in Geriatric Medicine 2017, 33(2):241-255; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2017.01.005. Steinbrook R. "For Sale: Physicians' Prescribing Data." New England Journal of Medicine 2006, 354(26):2745-2747; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp068125. Stephen MD, Jehaimi CT, Brosnan PG, and Yafi M. "Sexual Precocity in a 2-Year-Old Boy Caused by Indirect Exposure to Testosterone Cream." Endocrine Practice 2008, 14(8):1027-1030; http://aace.metapress.com/content/1534x7q36x833074/?p=9c586b93c5b3487a987c022c6c2c6a79&pi=12. Stergachis A. "Promoting the proper disposal of unused, unwanted, or expired medications." Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2014, 54(3):226; http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2014.14519.

Stericycle "Pharmaceutical Waste Disposal." Web Page maintained by Stericycle, Lake Forest, IL, 2010, http://www.stericycle.com/rx-wastedisposal.html. Stewart H, Malinowski A, Ochs L, Jaramillo J, McCall K, and Sullivan M. "Inside Maine’s Medicine Cabinet: Findings from the Drug Enforcement Administration's Medication Take-Back Events." American Journal of Public Health 2015, 105(1):e65-e71; http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302207. Stitzhal D. "Pharmaceutical Take-Back Program Models." PSI Dialogue Meeting on Pharmaceuticals, Sacramento, CA, Full Circle Environmental, Inc., June, 2008, 14 pp; http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/presentations/2008_1202_stitzhal_wkshop.pdf. Stitzhal D, Chapman A, Grasso C, Perry W, Dale E, Mele S, et al. "2008 Pharmaceuticals Subcommittee Issue Paper." Northwest Product Stewardship Council (NWPSC), Washington State, April, 2008, available: http://www.productstewardship.net/PDFs/productsPharmIssue2008.pdf. Stobbe M. 2010, "Millions of swine flu vaccine doses to be burned." USA Today, 2 July, http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100701/ap_on_he_me/us_med_swine_flu_vaccine; http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2010-07-02-h1n1flu_N.htm. Stockdale W. "Drug Diversion Literature Review by William Stockdale, consultant for 'Prescription Pain Medication Program: Data, Research, Evaluation Work Group'." Utah Department of Health, Salt Lake City, UT, 2008, 59 pp; available: http://health.utah.gov/prescription/pdf/data_pdf/DrugDiversionLiterature.pdf; http://health.utah.gov/prescription/html/WorkGroups/data_research_eval.html. Stockholm County Council "Environmentally Classified Pharmaceuticals: Database." 2008; http://www.janusinfo.se/imcms/servlet/GetDoc? meta_id=7238. Stockholm County Council. "Environmentally Classified Pharmaceuticals." Stockholm City Council, Stockholm, Sweden, January, 2008, 32 pp; available: http://www.janusinfo.se/imcms/servlet/GetDoc?meta_id=10205; via www.janusinfo.se/environment. Stockholm County Council. "Towards a Wiser Use of Drugs." Stockholm City Council, Department of Drug Management and Informatics, Stockholm, Sweden, 15 May, 2009, 4 pp; available: http://www.janusinfo.se/imcms/11111. Stockholm County Council "Environmentally Classified Pharmaceuticals: Database." Stockholm City Council 2010; http://www.janusinfo.se/v/Aboutthe-environment-and-pharmaceuticals/Environmentially-classified-medications/. Stockholm County Council. "Environmentally Classified Pharmaceuticals." Stockholm City Council, Stockholm, Sweden, 2010, 44 pp; available: http://www.janusinfo.se/Global/Miljo%20och%20lakemedel/miljo_broschyr_eng2010.pdf. Stockholm County Council. "Environmentally Classified Pharmaceuticals." Stockholm City Council, Stockholm, Sweden, 2011, 25 pp; available: http://www.janusinfo.se/Global/Miljo_och_lakemedel/miljobroschyr_2011_uppslag_eng.pdf. Stockholm County Council. "Environmentally Classified Pharmaceuticals." Stockholm City Council, Stockholm, Sweden, 2012, 48 pp; available: http://www.janusinfo.se/Global/Miljo_och_lakemedel/miljobroschyr_engelsk_2012_uppslag.pdf. Stoddard KI, Hodge V, Maxey G, Tiwari C, Cready C, and Huggett DB. "Investigating Research Gaps of Pharmaceutical take back Events: An Analysis of take back Program Participants’ Socioeconomic, Demographic, and Geographic Characteristics and the Public Health Benefits of take back Programs." Environmental Management 2017, 59(6):871-884; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-017-0834-3. Stoddard KI and Huggett DB. "Pharmaceutical Take Back Programs." in Human Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Current and Future Perspectives, Brooks BW and Huggett DB, Eds., Springer; New York, NY, 2012, Volume 4, pp 257-285; doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3473-3_10; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3473-3_10. Stoddard KI and Huggett DB. "Wastewater Effluent Hydrocodone Concentrations as an Indicator of Drug Disposal Program Success." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 2015, 95(2):139-144; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1574-9. Stone V, Ed., "Safe management of wastes from health-care activities: A summary." World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland, 2017, 24 pp; http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/259491/1/WHO-FWC-WSH-17.05-eng.pdf. Stoner S. "A New Prescription: Do not flush your unused drugs." New York State Conservationist 2009, April:14, 16; http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/administration_pdf/0409dontflush.pdf. Stoner S, Kosinski K, and DEC Pharmaceuticals Work Group. "Pharmaceuticals as emerging contaminants: A rationale for reduction in New York State's waters." Department of Environmental Conservation, Pharmaceuticals Work Group, Albany, NY, ENV 290.5-4 PHAEC 208-8710 xe, 2008, 9 pp; available: http://www.nysl.nysed.gov/edocs/education/check/checklist/jan09.rtf; http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/water_pdf/drugbkgrd_.pdf. Strain BA. "Bernie A Strain’s Testimony before the US Senate’s Special Committee on Aging at Upcoming Hearing on Prescription Drug Disposal June 30, 2010." Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), Senate Special Committee on Aging, Hearing on Drug Waste and Disposal: When Prescriptions Become Poison, chaired by Sen. Herb Kohl, 30 June, Washington, DC, 2010. 3 pp; http://www.aging.senate.gov/events/hr223bs.pdf. Stranahan SQ, "Drugs in our drinking water: What do we do with unused medicines?" AARP Bulletin Today, 27 February, 2009, http://www.safemeddisposal.com/documents/AARPFeb2709.pdf.

Stratchounski LS, Andreeva IV, Ratchina SA, Galkin DV, Petrotchenkova NA, Demin AA, et al. "The Inventory of Antibiotics in Russian Home Medicine Cabinets." Clinical Infectious Diseases 2003, 37(4):498-505; http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/376905. Straton JAY, Rimmer MH, Cheng WSC, and Armstrong BK. "Community Survey of Medicines Stored in the Home." Community Health Studies 1981, 5(3):269-274; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1981.tb00334.x. Straub JO. "Reduction in the environmental exposure of pharmaceuticals through diagnostics, Personalised Healthcare and other approaches. A mini review and discussion paper." Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 2016, 3:1-7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2015.12.001. Stremski ES. "Accidental pediatric ingestion, hospital charges and failure to utilize a poison control center." WMJ: official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin 1999, 98(7):29-33; http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/10638290. Stritof M and Vrhovac B. "Report on the receipt and storage of donations and evaluation of drug distribution during and after Croatian Patriotic War from August 12th 1991 to August 12th 1996 [note: citation could not be verified]." Center for the Receipt and Distribution of Drugs and Medical Supplies, Croatian Ministry of Health, and State Institute of Health Insurance, Zagreb University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia, 1997. Strom S. 2005, "Old Pills Finding New Medicine Cabinets." The New York Times, New York, NY, 18 May, 3 pp; http://alamaro.home.comcast.net/~alamaro/New_York_Times_May_18_2005.htm. Stroupe KT, Teal EY, Weiner M, Gradus-Pizlo I, Brater DC, and Murray MD. "Health care and medication costs and use among older adults with heart failure." The American Journal of Medicine 2004, 116(7):443-450; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.11.016. Struglinski S. "Pill disposal: a growing concern." Provider 2009, 35(9):22-24, 26, 28; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19795677. Struzeski EJ. "Waste treatment and disposal methods for the pharmaceutical industry." US Environmental Protection Agency, National Field Investigations Center, Denver, CO, EPA 330/1-75-001, February, 1975, 161 pp; available: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ols/catalog/advanced_brief_record.cfm? &FIELD1=SUBJECT&INPUT1=Criteria&TYPE1=EXACT&LOGIC1=AND&COLL=&SORT_TYPE=MTIC&item_count=3306; http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=9101OJJ3.PDF. Stubbs J, Haw C, and Dickens G. "Dose form modification - a common but potentially hazardous practice. A literature review and study of medication administration to older psychiatric inpatients." International Psychogeriatrics 2008, 20(3):616-627; http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1041610207006047 Stucka KR, Mycyk MB, Leikin JB, and Pallasch EM. "Rhabdomyolysis associated with unintentional antihistamine overdose in a child." Pediatric Emergency Care 2003, 19(1):25-26; http://journals.lww.com/pec-online/Fulltext/2003/02000/Rhabdomyolysis_associated_with_unintentional.6.aspx. Stupak B and Smith L. 2009, "H.R. 1359: Secure and Responsible Drug Disposal Act of 2009." 111 th US Congress (2009-2010), http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h111-1359; http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c111:H.R.1359.IH:. Subratty AH and Nathire MEH. "A survey on home generated medical waste in Mauritius." International Journal of Environmental Health Research 2005, 15(1):45-52; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603120400018915. Suchard JR. "One Pill Can Kill: Pediatric Poisoning." Scientific Assembly: American College of Emergency Physicians, San Francisco, CA, 15-18 October, 2011, 21 pp; http://www.freece.com/Files/Classroom/ProgramSlides/108cf3cc-bbf5-4dee-bb3f-ac262049bcbf/ONE%20PILL%20CAN%20KILL %20Final%20Handout_mlo.pdf. Suffredin L, Arroyo L, Jr., Boykin RR, Daley JP, Gainer B, Silvestri PN, et al. 2016, "An ordinance governing the safe disposal of pharmaceuticals." Board of Commissioners of Cook County, Chicago, IL, 16-1983, Version 3, 24 pp; https://cook-county.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx? ID=2625841&GUID=B66B6059-470C-48BB-B629-31B3DA6CDBC0&Options=Advanced&Search=. Suleiman BJ. "Household Survey on Medicine Use in Oman." Directorate of Rational Use of Medicines, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman, November, 2009, 42 pp; available: http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s17055e/s17055e.pdf. Sullivan J. "The Ride to Stay High: How drug addicts manipulate EMS, hospitals for their fix." The Ironton Tribune, 2009, Boone Newspapers, Inc., 13 June http://www.irontontribune.com/news/2009/jun/13/ride-stay-high/. Sullivan JE and McDonald MJ. "Toxic Ingestions." in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Wheeler DS, Wong HR and Shanley TP, Eds., Springer; London, UK, 2014, Chapter 50, pp 695-727; doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-6362-6_50; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6362-6_50. Sullivan MJ and George CF. "Medicine taking in Southampton: a second look." British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 1996, 42(5):567-571; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.1996.tb00111.x. Sullivan V, Lachance, Boehm, and Carson. 2016, "An Act relative to drug take-back programs. This bill adds illicit drugs and drug paraphernalia to the drug take-back programs." State of New Hampshire, HB 1626-FN, 2016 Session, 2 pp; http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/bill_Status/billText.aspx? id=877&txtFormat=html. Summerton L and Clark J. "Proceedings of the workshop." KNAPPE: Knowledge and Need Assessment on Pharmaceutical Products in Environmental Waters, 2008, 43 pp. Summerton L, Clark J, Greenwood R, Mills G, Boxall A, Touraud E, et al. "Proceedings of: Environmental Stewardship of Pharmaceuticals and Policy Instruments." Central Science Laboratories, York, UK, 29-30 April, 2008, Deliverable number D5.3.

Sundwall DN, Rolfs RT, and Johnson E. "Utah Clinical Guidelines on Prescribing Opioids for Treatment of Pain." Utah Department of Health, Salt Lake City, UT, 2009, 92 pp; available: http://www.useonlyasdirected.org/uploads/65026_UDOH_opioidGuidlines.pdf. Supreme Court of the United States. 2015, "Motion for Leave to File Brief as Amicus Curiae and Brief of The Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as Amicus Curiae in Support of Petitioners Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, the Generic Pharmaceutical Association, and the Biotechnology Industry Organization." Washington, DC, 36 pp; http://insideepa.com/sites/insideepa.com/files/documents/feb2015/epa2015_0345a.pdf. SustainPharma "Durable medical treatment - no environmental impact." Web Page maintained by SustainPharma, Stockholm, Sweden, 2011, http://www.sustainpharma.se/page2.html. Sutherly B. 2014, "Unused meds go down the drain, worrying environmentalists." The Columbus Dispatch, The Dispatch Printing Company, Columbus, OH, 25 August, 4 pp; http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2014/08/25/unused-meds-go-down-the-drain.html. Sutter M. "Pediatric Poisonings." Year Unknown; http://fpm.emory.edu/family/didactics_for_cascade/powerpint/FP%20Pediatric%20Poisoning.ppt. Sutton P, Quint J, Prudhomme J, Katz E, Deems M, Flattery J, et al. "Transforming Medical Waste Disposal Practices to Protect Public Health: Worker Health and Safety and the Implementation of Large-Scale, Off-Site Steam Autoclaves." California Department of Health Services, Occupational Health Branch, Richmond, CA, February, 2006, 110 pp; available: http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/ohsep/Documents/medicalwaste.pdf. SČ vrcš ek J, Syslovaé K, Stíébal D, Kuzma M, and Kacš er P. "Degradation of biologically active substances by vapor-phase hydrogen peroxide." Research on Chemical Intermediates 2014, 40(2):619-626; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11164-012-0987-x. Swan R. "Pharmaceutical industry sludge: drug makers face waste management headache." Sludge 1979, 2:21-25. SWANA "SWANA Approves Policy for Safe Disposal of Unused or Expired Household Pharmaceuticals." Web Page maintained by Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA), Silver Spring, MD, 2011, http://swana.org/Home/PressRoom/tabid/101/newsid536/159/SWANA-Approves-Policy-forSafe-Disposal-of-Unused-or-Expired-Household-Pharmaceuticals/Default.aspx. SWANA. "SWANA Technical Policy T-10: Safe Disposal of Unused or Expired Household Pharmaceuticals." Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA), Silver Spring, MD, July, 2011, 4 pp; available: http://swana.org/Portals/Press_Releases/T-10_Final_Policy_7-11.pdf. Swartzentruber GS, Richardson WH, and Mack EH. "Buprenorphine Ingestion in a 23-Month-Old Boy." Hospital Pediatrics 2015, 5(3):164-166; http://hosppeds.aappublications.org/content/hosppeds/5/3/164.full.pdf. Swedish EPA. "Procurement of pharmaceuticals in an environmental context and its inclusion into the CSR Compass." Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden, November, 2016, 69 pp; available: https://www.naturvardsverket.se/Documents/publikationer6400/978-91620-6735-9.pdf?pid=19414. Sweeney P. "Delivering evidence: Not just the mail; The FBI and State Attorneys General usually get the credit for ferreting out financial fraud. But there's an elite unit that doesn't get much notice--and they work for the U.S. Postal Service Financial Executive." allBusiness, 1 December, 2006, available: http://www.allbusiness.com/finance-insurance/3998383-1.html. Sweileh WM. "Pain medications in Palestinian households: Safety and wastage analysis." The International Journal of Risk and Safety in Medicine 2009, 21(4):193-200; http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JRS-2009-0484. Swinscow D. "Accidental Poisoning of Young Children." Archives of Disease in Childhood 1953, 28(137):26-29; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.28.137.26. Sykes K. "Prudent disposal of unused medications: Why it matters to our aging population." Society for Human Ecology 2008 Annual Conference, Bellingham, WA, US Environmental Protection Agency, 11 September, 2008, 30 pp; http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/presentations/2008_0911_she2008-rx-sykes-2.pdf. Sykes K. "Prudent Disposal of Unused Medications: Why it Matters to Our Aging Population." American Public Health Association (APHA) Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, US Environmental Protection Agency, 10 November, 2009, 45 pp; http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/presentations/2009_1110_apharx-enviro-sykes-2.pdf. Symes F. 2010, "Drug Disposal Bill Cleared for President." CQ Today Online News. Syrjaö laö S. "Apteekit laö aö kejaö tteen keraö aö jinaö [Pharmaceutical waste collection through pharmacies]." Bachelors Dissertation, HAMK University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland, 2012. 85 pp; http://publications.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/48412/syrjala_sini.pdf?sequence=1. Szalavitz M. 2011, "Study: Most Addicts Get Painkillers from Friends or Family, Not Doctors." Time Healthland, 20 June, 1 pp; http://healthland.time.com/2011/06/20/study-most-addicts-get-painkillers-from-friends-or-family-not-doctors/#ixzz1PqMpDBfc. Szlatenyi CS, Capes KF, and Wang RY. "Delayed Hypoglycemia in a Child after Ingestion of a Single Glipizide Tablet." Annals of Emergency Medicine 1998, 31(6):773-776; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(98)70240-9. Szyba RT. 2012, "Bill calls for safe disposal of potentially toxic human waste." Legislative Press & Information Bureau, R.I. State House, Providence, RI, 2 pp; http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/News/pr1.asp?prid=8183. 't Hoen E, Hodgkin C, and Milkevicius D. "Harmful human use of donated veterinary drug." The Lancet 1993, 342(8866):308-309 (Letter); http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736.

Tadros A, Layman SM, Davis SM, Bozeman R, and Davidov DM. "Emergency department visits by pediatric patients for poisoning by prescription opioids." The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 2016, 42(5):550-555; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2016.1194851. Taghipour H and Mosaferi M. "Characterization of medical waste from hospitals in Tabriz, Iran." Science of the Total Environment 2009, 407(5):15271535; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.11.032. Tai B-WB, Hata M, Wu S, Frausto S, and Law AV. "Prediction of pharmacist intention to provide medication disposal education using the theory of planned behaviour." Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 2016, 22(5):653-661; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jep.12511. TakeBackYourMeds.org "Take Back Your Meds." Web Page maintained by TakeBackYourMeds.org, King County, WA, 2010, http://www.takebackyourmeds.org/; http://www.takebackyourmeds.org/news-and-resources/videos/don't-flush-me-bro. TakeBackYourMeds.org "How Medicine Take-Back Works." 2011, http://www.takebackyourmeds.org/why/how-medicine-take-back-works. TakeBackYourMeds.org "Medicine Disposal Myths and Facts." 2012, http://www.takebackyourmeds.org/what-you-can-do/medicine-disposal-mythsand-facts. Talerico DD. "Pharmacuetical[sic] pollution prevention: An examination of medication disposal systems in Washington, Maine, New York, the San Francisco Bay area, and Rhode Island." Masters Dissertation, Brown University, Providence, RI, 2012. 167 pp; http://envstudies.brown.edu/theses/archive20112012/DeannaTalericoThesis.pdf Talsma J. "Deadline looms for Calif. hospital mandate of ASPs." Drug Topics 2015, 27 April. Tamblyn R. "Evidence-based utilization of prescription drugs: challenges and directions for the future in Canada." Toward a National Strategy on Drug Insurance: Challenges and Priorities, Toronto, Ontario, 23 September, 2002, http://www.irpp.org/events/archive/sep02/tamblyn.pdf; http://www.llbccat.leg.bc.ca/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=1G777476D2750.131995&profile=main&uri=link=3100006~!11537~!3100001~! 3100030&aspect=subtab150&menu=search&ri=1&source=~!llbchz&term=Evidence-based+utilization+of+prescription+drugs+ %3A+challenges+and+directions+for+the+future+in+Canada+%2F&index=PALLTI. Tanabe P, Paice JA, Stancati J, and Fleming M. "How Do Emergency Department Patients Store and Dispose of Opioids after Discharge? A Pilot Study." Journal of Emergency Nursing 2012, 38(3):273-279; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2011.09.023. Tanoshima R, Chandranipapongse W, Colantonio D, Stefan C, and Nulman I. "Acute olanzapine overdose in a toddler: a case report." Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 2013, 35(5):557-559; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2405206. Tarango SM and Liu DR. "Pediatric Ingestions: Emergency Department Management." Pediatric Emergency Medicine Practice 2016, 13(4):1-24; quiz 20; http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/27104813; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27104813. Taras H, Haste NM, Berry AT, Tran J, and Singh RF. "Medications at School: Disposing of Pharmaceutical Waste." Journal of School Health 2014, 84(3):160-167; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/josh.12132. Tarling MM, Berg N, Struning L, and Walton A. "The use of absorbent materials for the disposal of controlled drugs." Anaesthesia 1996, 51(9):836-838; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1996.tb12612.x. Tassoni, Doyle, Gallo, and Sosnowski. 2012, "An Act Relating to Insurance - Accident and Sickness Insurance Policies. Cancer patient safety and environmental protection." State of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, S 2640, January, 6 pp; http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/BillText12/SenateText12/S2640.pdf. Tassoni, Doyle, Gallo, and Sosnowski. 2012, "Senate Resolution Creating a Special Legislative Commission to Study Public Health Threats from Pharmaceutical Human Waste Contamination in the Water Supply." State of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, S-2640, 4 pp; http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/billtext12/senatetext12/s2640a.htm; http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/billtext12/senatetext12/s2640a.pdf. Tauxe Wuö rsch A. "Wastewaters: occurrence of pharmaceutical substances and genotoxicity." Doctoral Dissertation, I'Universiteé de Lausanne, Institut des sciences et technologies de I'environnement, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2005. 263 pp; http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=3280. Taylor D. "Ecopharmacostewardship - a pharmaceutical industry perspective." in Green and Sustainable Pharmacy, Kuö mmerer K and Hempel M, Eds., Springer-Verlag; Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2010, Chapter 7, pp 105-126; doi:10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-64205199-9_7. Taylor D. "Reducing medicines wastage through improving patient care." Prescriber 2011, 22(7):5-7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psb.734. Taylor D. "Improving health outcomes by reducing medicines waste." Prescriber 2014, 25(3):27-29; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psb.1158. Taylor K and Maslov Y. "Accidental Pediatric Exposure to Imidazoline Derivatives." Journal of Emergency Nursing 2013, 39(1):59-60; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2012.10.007. Taylor RJ. "Towards better prescribing." Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners 1978, 28(190):263-270; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2158596/. Taylor Wessing. 2016, "Digital Medicines." Synapse Law for Life Sciences, Taylor Wessing LLP, January, 2 pp; http://unitedkingdom.taylorwessing.com/synapse/ti-digital-medicine.html.

TCEQ "Pharmaceutical Disposal Advisory Group (SB1757)." Web Page maintained by Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), Austin, TX, 2010, http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/permitting/water_supply/pdw/pdagroup. TDC Environmental. "Household pharmaceutical waste: Regulatory and management issues." TDC Environmental, LLC, San Mateo, California, August, 2004, 24 pp; available: http://www.tdcenvironmental.com/HouseholdPharmWasteMgtIssuesFinal.pdf. Tek D. "Effect of cold on drugs." Wilderness Medicine Letter (aka Wilderness Medicine) 1991, 8(1):8-9. Teleosis Institute. "Special Edition on Green Pharmacy: Preventing Pharmaceutical Pollution." Symbiosis: The Journal of Ecologically Sustainable Medicine 2007, 4(2):1-48; http://ww1.prweb.com/prfiles/2008/01/07/156054/SymbiosisVol4No2.pdf. Teleosis Institute. "The Green Pharmacy Program: Preliminary Data Report (Reflects data on medicines collected between June 1, 2007 and December 31, 2007)." Berkeley, CA, 2008, 3 pp; available: http://www.teleosis.org/pdf/GreenPharmacy_FullPreliminaryReport.pdf. Teleosis Institute "Green Pharmacy Program." Web Page maintained by Teleosis Institute, Berkeley, CA, 2008, http://www.teleosis.org/gppprogram.php. Teleosis Institute. 2009, "Drugs in our water." Berkeley, CA, 2 pp; available: http://www.teleosis.org/pdf/GreenPharmacyBrochure.pdf. Teleosis Institute "National Programs and Resources: Drug Take Backs." Web Page maintained by Teleosis Institute, Berleley, CA, 2010, http://www.teleosis.org/gpp-national.php. Tenace L "Pharmwaste -- national pharmaceutical waste management discussion." Web Page maintained by State of Florida, Department of Environmental Protection, 2010, http://lists.dep.state.fl.us/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pharmwaste. Tenace L. "[Pharmwaste] letter sent to USFWS RE SMARxT pharmaceutical disposal program." State of Florida, Department of Environmental Protection et al, 2011. 8 pp. Tenenbein M. "Poisoning pearls regarding the very young." Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine 2000, 1(3):176-179; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1522-8401(00)90024-7. Teraö salm E and Nishimur T. "Green Pharmacy Practice: Report for pharmacists (Draft)." Board of Parmaceutical Practice (BPP), Board of Pharmaceutical Science (BPS), International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP), 2014, 78 pp; available: https://www.fip.org/bangkok2014/files/static/Draft_document_GREEN_PHARMACY_PRACTICE.pdf. Terblanche L. "Disposal of pharmaceutical waste." SA Pharmaceutical Journal 2008, 75(6):28-29; http://www.sapj.co.za/index.php/SAPJ/article/view/393. Teschke K and Chu W. "Healthcare Workers and Antineoplastic Drugs: Identifying the Determinants of Exposure and Current Challenges to Reducing Exposure." WorkSafeBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, April, 2012, 87 pp; available: http://www.worksafebc.com/contact_us/research/funding_decisions/assets/pdf/2008/RS2008-OG01.pdf. Teske J, Weller J-P, Larsch K, Troger HD, and Karst M. "Fatal outcome in a child after ingestion of a transdermal fentanyl patch." International Journal of Legal Medicine 2007, 121(2):147-151; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-006-0137-3. TFDA. "Guidelines for safe disposal of unfit medicines and cosmetic products (made under section 99 of the Tanzania Food, Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 2003)." Tanzania Food & Drugs Authority, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, April, 2009, 18 pp; available: www.tfda.or.tz/downloads/DISPOSAL%20GUIDELINE %20final.pdf. Thach AV, Brown CM, and Pope N. "Consumer perceptions about a community pharmacy-based medication take back program." Journal of Environmental Management 2013, 127:23-27; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.04.025. Tharp AM, Winecker RE, and Winston DC. "Fatal Intravenous Fentanyl Abuse: Four Cases Involving Extraction of Fentanyl from Transdermal Patches." American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 2004, 25(2):178-181; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.paf.0000127398.67081.11. Thayer A. "Genotoxic impurities: Faced with new guidelines that many find constraining, pharmaceutical manufacturers are seeking ways to avoid or reduce harmful contaminants in drugs." Chemical and Engineering News 2010, 88(39):16-26; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v088n039.p016. Thayer A. "Striving for Secure Supply: Custom manufacturers of controlled substances confront unique challenges in a drug market niche." Chemical and Engineering News 2011, 89(36):30-33; http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v089n036.p030. The Associated Press. "Millions skip meds, don't take pills correctly - Half of patients with chronic illnesses skip doses, study finds." MSNBC, 2007, Associated Press, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20039597/. The Center for Health Design, Health Care Without Harm, and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. "Designing the 21st Century Hospital: Environmental Leadership for Healthier Patients and Facilities." September, 2006, http://www.premierinc.com/quality-safety/toolsservices/safety/topics/construction/downloads/designing-21st-century-hospital-2006.pdf. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 2016, "Bill H.4056 An Act relative to substance use, treatment, education and prevention." Boston, MA, The 189 th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (2015-2016), 42 pp; https://malegislature.gov/Bills/189/House/H4056.

The Dr. Oz Show. "Flushed Away." 2010; http://www.doctoroz.com/videos/flushed-away. The Editorial Board. 2015, "Editorial: What to do with those extra prescription drugs." The Sacramento Bee, Sacramento, CA, 22 November, 2 pp; http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/editorials/article45783085.html. The Energy and Commerce Committee. 2016, "Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016 (CARA bill) DRAFT." Washington, DC, US Senate S. 524, 217 pp; http://docs.house.gov/meetings/IF/IF00/20160706/105173/BILLS-114S524rth.pdf; https://energycommerce.house.gov/hearings-andvotes/event/meeting-house-and-senate-conferees-s-524. The Green Living Guy. 2011, "CareFusion Acquires Technology for Managing Dangerous Pharmaceutical Waste." Green LivingGuy, The Green Living Guy, 6 April, 1 pp; http://www.greenlivingguy.com/greenliving/carefusion-acquires-technology-for-managing-dangerous-pharma.html. The Harvard Medical School. "Drug Expiration Dates - Do They Mean Anything?" Family Health Guide 2003:1; http://www.health.harvard.edu/fhg/updates/update1103a.shtml. The Isipingo Declaration. "The Isipingo Declaration: on eliminating the harmful impacts of Health Care Waste and Incinerators in Southern African communities." National Civil Society Workshop on Health Care Waste and Incineration, Isipingo, South Durban, Sourth Africa, Anti Incineration Alliance (AIA), et al, 5-8 April, 2002, http://www.groundwork.org.za/HCW%20and%20Incineration/Isipingo_declaration.htm. The Partnership for a Drug-Free New Jersey "Operation Medicine Cabinet New Jersey." Web Page maintained by The Partnership for a Drug-Free New Jersey, Millburn, NJ, 2009, http://www.operationmedicinecabinetnj.com/. The Partnership for a Drug-Free New Jersey "American Medicine Chest Challenge: First in the Nation Day of Disposal of Unused, Unwanted, and Expired Medicine." Web Page maintained by The Partnership for a Drug-Free New Jersey, Millburn, NJ, 2010, http://americanmedicinechest.org/; http://americanmedicinechest.com/; http://www.drugfreenj.org/amcc/. The Partnership for a Drug-Free New Jersey "American Medicine Chest Challenge." Web Page maintained by The Partnership for a Drug-Free New Jersey, Millburn, NJ, 2010, http://www.operationmedicinecabinetnj.com/. The Pink Sheet. "CMS Proposes "Trial Sizes" of Prescriptions to Curb Waste of Unused Drugs in Part D." FDC Reports, 24 February, 2010, available: http://lists.dep.state.fl.us/pipermail/pharmwaste/2010-February/002680.html; http://tiny.cc/fgg2r. The President. "Protection of Children From Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks. Executive Order 13045 of April 21, 1997." Federal Register 1997, 62(78):19885-19888; http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1997-04-23/pdf/97-10695.pdf. The Royal Pharmaceutical Society. "Council approves use of patient returned and date expired medicines in the event of pandemic flu." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2008, 281:455. The Starfish Project "The Starfish Project." New York, NY, 2009, http://www.thestarfishproject.org/ (defunct). The Times of India. 2015, "New hope for saving vulture population." The Times of India, Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd, 31 August, 1 pp; http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/environment/flora-fauna/New-hope-for-saving-vulture-population/articleshow/48737736.cms. The White House President Barack Obama. "The President’s SAVE Award: Congratulations, Nancy Fichtner on becoming the first-ever winner of the President’s SAVE Award (2009)." The White House, Washington, DC, 2009. 1 pp; http://www.whitehouse.gov/save-award. The White House President Barack Obama. 2015, "FACT SHEET: President Obama’s Precision Medicine Initiative." Office of the Press Secretary, Washington, DC, 30 January, 2 pp; http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/01/30/fact-sheet-president-obama-s-precision-medicineinitiative. The White House President Barack Obama. 2015, "FACT SHEET: Obama Administration Announces Public and Private Sector Efforts to Address Prescription Drug Abuse and Heroin Use." Office of the Press Secretary, Washington, DC, 21 October, 11 pp; https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-pressoffice/2015/10/21/fact-sheet-obama-administration-announces-public-and-private-sector. Thomas D. 2016, "Contra Costa County Passes Safe Drug Disposal Ordinance." San Ramon Patch, Patch, 21 December, 7 pp; http://patch.com/california/sanramon/contra-costa-county-passes-safe-drug-disposal-ordinance. Thomas F. "Pharmaceutical waste in the environment: a cultural perspective." Public Health Panorama 2017, 3(1):127-132; https://ore.exeter.ac.uk/repository/handle/10871/26879. Thomas KV and Langford KH. "Point Sources of Human Pharmaceuticals into the Aquatic Environment." in Green and Sustainable Pharmacy, Kuö mmerer K and Hempel M, Eds., Springer-Verlag; Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2010, Chapter 14, pp 211-223; doi:10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_14; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_14. Thomas P. 2010, "Drugs in Wastewater: A Call for More Research, More Responsibility." PharmaManufacuturing.com, Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Magazine, Itasca, IL, 5 pp; http://www.pharmamanufacturing.com/articles/2010/113.html. Thomas P. 2010, "PharmaView: What's in your wastewater? It's time to find out." PharmaManufacuturing.com, Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Magazine, Itasca, IL, 4 pp; http://www.pharmamanufacturing.com/articles/2010/114.html. Thomas TJ, Pauze D, and Love JN. "Are one or two dangerous? Diphenoxylate-atropine exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2008, 34(1):71-75; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.03.051.

Thompson CA, "EPA Eyes Unused Pharmaceuticals." American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 15 February, 2010, 15 February http://www.ashp.org/import/news/HealthSystemPharmacyNews/newsarticle.aspx?id=3263. Thompson V. "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: EPA Perspective." Pharmaceutical Disposal Summit, Philadelphia, PA, 5 June, 2008, http://xerismobile.com/images/EPA_Meeting/VT%20Pharms%20Disposal%20Summit%206-5-08.pdf. Thompson V. "Stewardship Programs: What Can Work in Your Community." American Public Health Association (APHA) Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, US Environmental Protection Agency, 10 November, 2009, 26 pp; http://www.epa.gov/aging/resources/presentations/2009_1118_alpha_nov_10_2009.pdf. Thong H-Y, Freeman S, and Maibach HI. "Systemic Toxicity Caused by Absorption of Drugs and Chemicals through Skin." in Dermal Absorption and Toxicity Assessment, Second edition; Roberts MS and Walters KA, Eds., Informa; London, UK, 2007, Chapter 23, pp 405-432; doi:10.3109/9780849375927.023; http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/9780849375927.023. Thormodsen M, Fonneløp H, Rytter E, and Toriesen HM. ""To be used as directed by your physician" — reasons why patients do not use prescribed medicines." Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening 1997, 117(24):3521-3525; http://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/ebm/record/9411913/abstract/[%22To_be_used_as_directed_by_your_physician %22__reasons_why_patients_do_not_use_prescribed_medicines]. Thornton SL, Liu J, Soleymani K, Romasco RL, Farid H, Clark RF, et al. "Review of Experience of a Statewide Poison Control Center with Pediatric Exposures to Oral Antineoplastic Drugs in the Nonmedical Setting." American Journal of Therapeutics 2016, 23(2):e377-e381; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MJT.0b013e31829e8ba7. Thornton SL, Pchelnikova JL, and Cantrell FL. "Characteristics of Pediatric Exposures to Antidementia Drugs Reported to a Poison Control System." The Journal of Pediatrics 2016, 172:147-150; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.01.056. Tinetti ME. "Over-the-Counter Sales of Statins and Other Drugs for Asymptomatic Conditions." New England Journal of Medicine 2008, 358(25):27282732; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsb0801202. Tintinalli JE, Kelen GD, Stapczynski JS, Ma OJ, and Cline DM, Eds., "Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 6e. Section 14. Toxicology and Pharmacology." 6th Edition, Access Medicine, McGraw-Hill Professional, Columbus, OH, 2003; http://www.accessmedicine.com/resourceToc.aspx?resourceID=40. Tintinalli JE, Stapczynski JS, Ma OJ, Cline DM, Cydulka RK, and Meckler GD, Eds., "Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 6e. Section 14. Toxicology." 7th Edition, McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing, Columbus, OH, 2010, 2208 pp; http://www.accessmedicine.com/resourceToc.aspx?resourceID=40. Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council. 2012, "Medicines in our waterways." Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council, Petoskey, MI, 7 pp; http://www.watershedcouncil.org/learn/pharmacueticals-in-our-waters/. Tiras S, Haas V, Chevret L, Decobert M, Buisine A, Devictor D, et al. "Nonketotic Hyperglycemic Coma in Toddlers after Unintentional Methadone Ingestion." Annals of Emergency Medicine 2006, 48(4):448-451; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.02.023. Tischler L. "Potential Contribution of Unused Medicines to Environmental Concentrations of Pharmaceuticals: Prepared for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, Revision 1." Tischler/Kocurek, Round Rock, Texas, EPA-HQ-OW-2006-0771-0851.2, September, 2007, 63 pp; available: http://130.203.133.150/showciting;jsessionid=966EA08D71586E03674C2B3F6B41504C?cid=11885239. Tischler L, Buzby M, Cunningham V, Finan D, and Parke N. "Landfill Disposal as an Approach to Reduce Discharges of Medicines from POTWs." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2008, 2008:7538-7555; http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864708790894142. Tischler L, Buzby M, Finan DS, and Cunningham VL. "Landfill disposal of unused medicines reduces surface water releases." Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 2013, 9(1):142-154; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1311. Titz A and Doö ll P. "Actor modelling and its contribution to the development of integrative strategies for management of pharmaceuticals in drinking water." Social Science and Medicine 2009, 68(4):672-681; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.11.031. Toce MS, Burns MM, and O’Donnell KA. "Clinical effects of unintentional pediatric buprenorphine exposures: experience at a single tertiary care center." Clinical Toxicology 2017, 55(1):12-17; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2016.1244337. Todd R. 2014, "Drugmakers Lose Bid to Abolish Alameda Take-Back Program." The Recorder, ALM Media Properties, LLC, New York, NY, 30 September, 2 pp; http://www.therecorder.com/id=1202671910611/Drugmakers-Lose-Bid-to-Abolish-Alameda-TakeBack-Program?mcode=1202671910611. Toepfner N, Wohlfarth A, Naue J, Auwaö rter V, Berner R, and Hermanns-Clausen M. "Accidental clozapine intoxication in a toddler: clinical and pharmacokinetic lessons learnt." Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 2013, 38(2):165-168; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpt.12022. Tom W-C. "Proper disposal of expired or unwanted drugs." Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber’s Letter 2007, 23(4):230401. Tomasi S, Roberts KJ, Stull J, Spiller HA, and McKenzie LB. "Pediatric Exposures to Veterinary Pharmaceuticals." Pediatrics 2017, 139(3):e20161496; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-1496.

Tong AYC, Peake BM, and Braund R. "Disposal practices for unused medications around the world." Environment International 2011, 37(1):292-298; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016j.envint.2010.10.002. Tong AYC, Peake BM, and Braund R. "Disposal practices for unused medications in New Zealand community pharmacies." Journal of Primary Health Care 2011, 3(3):197-203; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21892421. Torigian PC. "Expired drugs are not dead drugs." American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 1993, 50(3):448; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8442459. Torjesen I. "Methadone causes half of unintentional drug poisoning deaths in young children." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2016:2. Torjesen I. "Methadone is responsible for over half of accidental drug poisoning deaths in toddlers." BMJ 2016, 353; https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i2802. Toö rnquist M. "Kasserade laö kemedel fraå n Laö nssjukhuset i Halmstad [Discarded drugs from Halmstad Hospital]." Bachelor Dissertation, University of Gothenburg, Hospital Pharmacy and Halmstad Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2005. http://www.lj.se/info_files/infosida31715/kasserade_lakemedel_fran_lanssjukhuset_i_halmstad.pdf. Torrents R, Picot C, Glaizal M, Courne M-A, Schmitt C, Richard N, et al. "Child poisonings with methadone in France: A 6-year prospective national survey since the availability of capsules in 2008." Clinical Toxicology 2015, 53(8):819-822; http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/15563650.2015.1073298. Tourinho FSV, Bucharetchi F, Stephan C, and Cordeiro R. "Home medicine chests and their relationship with self-medication in children and adolescents." Journal de Pediatria 2008, 84(5); http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0021-75572008000600007. Townend WK, Cheeseman C, Edgar J, and Tudor T. "Factors driving the development of healthcare waste management in the United Kingdom over the past 60 years." Waste Management & Research 2009, 27(4):362-373; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x09335700. Townend WK and Cheeseman CR. "Guidelines for the evaluation and assessment of the sustainable use of resources and of wastes management at healthcare facilities." Waste Management & Research 2005, 23(5):398-408; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242X05057764. Tribble J, Weinhouse E, Garland J, and Wendelberger K. "Treatment of severe imipramine poisoning complicated by a negative history of drug ingestion." Pediatric Emergency Care 1989, 5(4):234-237; http://journals.lww.com/peconline/Fulltext/1989/12000/Treatment_of_severe_imipramine_poisoning.9.aspx. Tri-TAC. "Sewer disposal of pharmaceutical waste." California Department of Health Services, Sacramento, CA, 23 September, 2003, 11 pp; available: http://tinyurl.com/3zf5ty8. Troll MM and Menten ML. "Salicylate poisoning: report of four cases." American Journal of Diseases of Children 1945, 69(1):37-43; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1945.02020130044006. Trotter B. 2011, "Police: Woman stole pills during Bar Harbor home tour." Bangor Daily News, Bangor, ME, http://new.bangordailynews.com/2011/02/28/news/police-woman-stole-pills-during-home-tour/#. Trueman P, Taylor D, Lowson K, Bligh A, Meszaros A, Wright D, et al. "Evaluation of the scale, causes and costs of waste medicines. Report of DH funded national project." York Health Economics Consortium, School of Pharmacy, University of London, London, UK, November, 2010, 106 pp; available: http://core.kmi.open.ac.uk/display/111804. Tsakona M, Anagnostopoulou E, and Gidarakos E. "Hospital waste management and toxicity evaluation: A case study." Waste Management 2007, 27(7):912-920; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.04.019. Tsutaoka BT, Kim S, and Santucci S. "Seizure in a child after an acute ingestion of levothyroxine." Pediatric Emergency Care 2005, 21(12):857-859; http://journals.lww.com/pec-online/Abstract/2005/12000/Seizure_in_a_Child_After_an_Acute_Ingestion_of.11.aspx; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.pec.0000190240.81222.9a. Tucker CE. 2009, "Industry Representatives Ask EPA for Clarity on Pharmaceutical Hazardous Waste Rule." Daily Environment Report, 9 March, 2 pp; http://news.bna.com/deln/DELNWB/split_display.adp?fedfid=11649123&vname=dennotallissues&fn=11649123&jd=a0b8b3q3h0&split=0. Tudor TL. "Towards the development of a standardised measurement unit for healthcare waste generation." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2007, 50(3):319-333; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2006.06.007. Tudor TL, Noonan CL, and Jenkin LET. "Healthcare waste management: a case study from the National Health Service in Cornwall, United Kingdom." Waste Management 2005, 25(6):606-615; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2004.10.004. Tudor TL, Townend WK, Cheeseman CR, and Edgar JE. "An overview of arisings and large-scale treatment technologies for healthcare waste in the United Kingdom." Waste Management & Research 2009, 27(4):374-383; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x09336244. Tuerk J, Kiffmeyer TK, Hadtstein C, Heinemann A, Hahn M, Stuetzer H, et al. "Development and validation of an LC–MS/MS procedure for environmental monitoring of eight cytostatic drugs in pharmacies." International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 2011, 91(12):1178-1190; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2010.494769. Tulsa County Medical Society "Drug Recycling - Utilization of Unused Prescription Drugs Act (OS 59-367)." Web Page maintained by Tulsa County Medical Society, Tulsa, OK, (5 August); 2010, http://tcmsok.org/index.php?Itemid=61&id=56&option=com_content&task=view.

Turci R, Sottani C, Spagnoli G, and Minoia C. "Biological and environmental monitoring of hospital personnel exposed to antineoplastic agents: a review of analytical methods." Journal of Chromatography B 2003, 789(2):169-209; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1570-0232(03)00100-4. Turk EE and Ewald A. "A fatal complication of doxylamine in a 1-year-old girl." International Journal of Legal Medicine 2012, 126(3):447-449; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-011-0577-2. Turner JW. "Death of a Child from Topical Diphenhydramine." American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 2009, 30(4):380-381; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PAF.0b013e31819df748. Turner RB, Valcarlos E, Loeffler AM, Gilbert M, and Chan D. "Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Antibiotic Use at a Nonfreestanding Children’s Hospital." Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society 2017, 6(3):e36-e40; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piw059. Tusa DP. "Pharmacy update: Disposal of unused pharmaceuticals." Drug Topics 2011, 155(9):30; http://license.icopyright.net/user/viewFreeUse.act? fuid=MTQyODc2NDc%3D. Twachtman G. "CMS takes a second shot at mandating “trial size” prescriptions for part D; estimates savings at $2.5 billion by 2018." The Pink Sheet 2011, 73(42):17; https://pink.pharmamedtechbi.com/PS053847/CMS-Takes-Second-Shot-At-Mandating-ldquoTrial-Sizerdquo-Prescriptions-For-PartD-Estimates-Savings-At-25-Billion-By-2018. Tynan R and Herrera R. 2016, "Why Los Angeles County Should Pass a Pharmaceutical and Syringe Take-Back Ordinance." Dick and Sharon's LA Progressive, Dick Price and Sharon Kyle, 3 pp; https://www.laprogressive.com/syringe-take-back-ordinance/. Tyrrell EG, Orton E, Tata LJ, and Kendrick D. "Children at risk of medicinal and non-medicinal poisoning: a population-based case-control study in general practice." British Journal of General Practice 2012, 62(605):e827-e833; http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp12X659303. Udesky L and Dudley D. "Rx for medicine disposal." Consumer Health Interactive, 20 June 2008; http://www.cvshealthresources.com/topic/mmmedwaste. Udofia EA, Gulis G, and Fobil J. "Solid medical waste: a cross sectional study of household disposal practices and reported harm in Southern Ghana." BMC Public Health 2017, 17(1):464; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4366-9. Udupa N, Muragundi PM, Naik AN, and Janodia M. "Disposal of Date Expired and Unused Medicines in India – A Conceptual Framework." Value in Health 2013, 16(3):A269; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2013.03.1387. Ukens C. "Staying the Course: New gee-whiz technologies are improving patients' compliance with their drug regimens." Drug Topics 2005, September 12; http://www.drugtopics.com/drugtopics/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=179333. UN News Centre. 2011, "Medical waste becoming an increasing problem, UN rights expert says." UN Daily News, UN News Centre, 1 pp; http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=39543&Cr=toxic&Cr1=. UnionLeader.com. 2012, "Concord Hospital fined $205,000 for hazardous-waste violations." UnionLeader.com, Union Leader Corp., Manchester, NH, 30 May, 1 pp; http://www.unionleader.com/article/20120530/NEWS07/705309905. UnionLeader.com. 2014, "Londonderry firm fined nearly $300,000 for hazardous waste violations." The Union Leader, Union Leader Corporation, Manchester, NH, 17 March, http://www.unionleader.com/article/20140318/NEWS02/140319053&template=mobileart; http://www.wopular.com/londonderry-firm-fined-nearly-300000-hazardous-waste-violations. University of Leeds. 2010, "New research into safer drugs puts pills through the printer." Pharmaceutical Formulation & Quality, Physorg.com, 24 May, http://www.physorg.com/news193914916.html. University of Maine "Safe medicine disposal for ME program." Web Page maintained by University of Maine Center on Aging, 2008, http://www.safemeddisposal.com/. University of Maine Center on Aging. "The Maine Declaration." International Symposium on Pharmaceuticals in the Home and Environment, Northport, ME, 10 October, 2009, 1 pp; http://soap.siteturbine.com/contacts/mail/[email protected]. University of Maine Center on Aging, Main Benzodiazepine Study Group, Drug Disposal, and University of New England. "2008 International Symposium on Pharmaceuticals in the Home and Environment: Catalysts for change." Sixth Annual Maine Benzodiazepine Study Group Conference & Fifth Annual Unused Drug Return Conference, South Portland, ME, 10-11 November, 2008, http://www.mainebenzo.org/2008conference.htm. University of Michigan. 2012, "New advice on medication disposal: Trash beats take-back, new study suggests." Science Codex, 3 pp; http://www.sciencecodex.com/new_advice_on_medication_disposal_trash_beats_takeback_new_study_suggests-91661. University of Minnesota "ABCs of Long Term Care Facilities: Long-term Care Facility Hazardous Waste & Managing Hazardous Waste." Web Page maintained by University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 2011, http://www.mntap.umn.edu/healthcarehw/LTCF/Index.html. University of Minnesota "Reducing Pharmaceutical Waste from Patient Care Settings." Web Page maintained by Minnesota Technical Assistance Program, University of Minnesota, 2011, http://www.mntap.umn.edu/health/resources/94-PharmWaste.htm; http://www.mntap.umn.edu/health/resources/94FS.PharmWaste.pdf.

University of Minnesota "Minnesota Technical Assistance Program: Healthcare Hazardous Waste (RCRA Waste)." Web Page maintained by University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 2016, http://www.mntap.umn.edu/health/hazardous.html. University of Southern Nevada Drug Abuse Awareness Team "Operation Medicine Cabinet: Preventing prescription and Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse and Abuse in Southern Nevada." Las Vegas, NV, 2010, http://www.operationmedicinecabinetlv.org/. University of Wisconsin "Proper drug disposal programs." Web Page maintained by University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute, Madison, WI, 2014, http://whatworksforhealth.wisc.edu/program.php?t1=21&t2=13&t3=38&id=581. University of Wisconsin Extension and Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. "Wisconsin Household Pharmaceutical Waste Collection: Challenges and Opportunities." 15 October, 2012, 68 pp; available: http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/HealthWaste/documents/2012HouseholdPharmStudy.pdf. Unni EJ. "Development of Models to Predict Medication Non-Adherence Based on a New Typology." University of Iowa, Iowa City, IO, 2008. 278 pp; http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/10/. Unni EJ and Farris KB. "Development of a new scale to measure self-reported medication nonadherence." Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy 2015, 11(3):e133-e143; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2009.06.005. UNODC. "Guidelines for the safe handling and disposal of chemicals used in the illicit manufacture of drugs." United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), New York, NY, 2011, 120 pp; available: https://www.unodc.org/documents/scientific/Disp.Manual_English.pdf. US Congress. 2010, "H.R. 3590: Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA) [Public Law No: 111-148] Section 3310 - Reducing wasteful dispensing of outpatient prescription drugs in longterm care facilities under prescription drug plans and MA–PD plans." 111 th Congress (2009-2010), http://democrats.senate.gov/reform/patient-protection-affordable-care-act-as-passed.pdf. US CPSC. "Poison Prevention Packaging: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals." US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC, 2005, 23 pp; available: http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/384.pdf. US Deparment of Justice. 2014, "Attorney General Holder Announces New Drug Take-Back Effort to Help Tackle Rising Threat of Prescription Drug Addiction and Opioid Abuse." US Deparment of Justice, Washington, DC, 8 September, 2 pp; http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2014/September/14-ag947.html. US Department of Health and Human Services. "Solicitation of the National Institutes of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for Small Business Innovation Research Phase I and II Projects as Topics #148: Products for at-home Deactivation of Psychoactive Prescription Medicines." 2013, 3 pp; available: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/SBIRContract/PHS2013-1.pdf. US Department of Justice. 1997, "Disposal of Controlled Substances: Section 1307.21 Procedure for disposing of controlled substances." US Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration, Office of Division Control, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/cfr/1307/1307_21.htm. US Department of Justice "Nonregistrant Drug Disposal." Web Page maintained by Drug Enforcement Administration, Office of Diversion Control, Springfield, WA, 2012, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_disposal/non_registrant/index.html. US House of Representatives, "Hearing on: Secure and Responsible Drug Disposal." US House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommitee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security, Washington, DC, 2009; http://judiciary.house.gov/hearings/hear_090618.html. US Senate "Drug Waste and Disposal: When Prescriptions Become Poison." Web Page maintained by US Senate Special Committee on Aging, Washington, DC, (30 June); 2010, http://www.aging.senate.gov/hearing_detail.cfm?id=326079&. USCPSC. "Final Rule: PPPA Rule Requiring Child-Resistant Packaging for Imidazolines." Docket No. CPSC-2012-0005, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, 2012 (8 November). 100 pp; http://www.cpsc.gov//PageFiles/131787/imidazfinal.pdf. USCPSC. "Notice of Proposed Rulemaking: PPPA Rule Requiring Child-Resistant Packaging for Imidazolines." US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, 2012 (11 January). 107 pp; http://www.cpsc.gov//PageFiles/91499/imidazolines.pdf. USDEA. "DEA proposes reduction to amount of controlled substances to be manufactured in 2018." US Department of Justice, US Drug Enforcement Administration (USDEA), DEA Diversion Control Division, Springfield, VA, 2017. 2 pp; https://www.dea.gov/divisions/hq/2017/hq080417.shtml. USDEA. "Proposed Aggregate Production Quotas for Schedule I and II Controlled Substances and Assessment of Annual Needs for the List I Chemicals Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine, and Phenylpropanolamine for 2018." Federal Register 2017, 82(150):36830-36834; https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/08/07/2017-16439/proposed-aggregate-production-quotas-for-schedule-i-and-ii-controlledsubstances-and-assessment-of. USEPA. "Pharmaceutical industry: Hazardous waste generation, treatment, and disposal." US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 1976, 178 pp; available: http://nepis.epa.gov/Adobe/PDF/9100QWMX.PDF. USEPA. "Contractor's engineering report for the development of effluent limitations guidelines and standards for the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry point source category." Office of Water, EPA 440/1-80/084-a, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 1980. 343 pp; http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=9100BVH6.PDF. USEPA. "Guides to Pollution Prevention. Selected Hospital Waste Streams." Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, EPA /625/7-90/009, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, 1994. 51 pp; http://www.istc.illinois.edu/info/library_docs/other_pubs/p2_guide_hospital_waste_streams.pdf.

USEPA. "Pharmaceutical Waste Questions: Pharmaceutical waste is not a single category of waste, but several, and the chemicals that comprise pharmaceutical dosage forms are complex and diverse." Federal Register 1995, 60(91):25492-25551; http://www.wm.com/enterprise/healthcare/pharmaceutical-solutions/pharmaceutical-faqs.jsp. USEPA. "Biosolids generation, use, and disposal in the United States." Municipal and Industrial Solid Waste Division, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, EPA-530-R-99-009, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 1999. 81 pp; http://www.biosolids.org/docs/18941.PDF. USEPA. "Workshop on Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." Las Vegas, NV, US Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Research and Office of Research and Development (National Exposure Research Laboratory), 23-25 August, 2005, http://archive.epa.gov/ncer/publications/web/pdf/finalsummarypharma1.pdf. USEPA. "Session on Environmental Stewardship for Pharmaceuticals in the Environment." Workshop on Pharmaceuticals in the Environment, Las Vegas, NV, US Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Research and Office of Research and Development (National Exposure Research Laboratory), 23-25 August, 2005, http://archive.epa.gov/ncer/publications/web/pdf/finalsummarypharma1.pdf. USEPA. "Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources: Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators." US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2006, 234 pp; available: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/t1/fr_notices/hmiwi_fr091509.pdf. USEPA. "Prudent Disposal of Unwanted Medications (solicitation for proposals)." Office of Children's Health Protection and Environmental Education, Child and Aging Health Protection Division, and USEPA Aging Initiative, EPA-AO-OCHP-06-01, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2006. 16 pp; http://www.federalgrants.com/Prudent-Disposal-of-Unwanted-Medications-7143.html. USEPA. "Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Study of Unused Pharmaceuticals from Medical and Veterinary Facilities (New)." EPA ICR Number 2316.01, OMB Control No. 2040-NEW, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2008. 11 pp; https://www.avma.org/Advocacy/National/Federal/Pages/Study-of-Unused-Pharmaceuticals-from-Medical-and-Veterinary-Facilities.aspx. USEPA "Take-back programs or events for unneeded or expired pharmaceuticals." Web Page maintained by US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2008, http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/ppcp/other/take-back.html. USEPA. "Getting pharmaceuticals out of our water, video on drug disposal practices." Region 9, US Environmental Protection Agency, October 2008; http://www.epa.gov/region09/water/watershed/pharma/; http://www.epa.gov/region9/water/watershed/pharma/pharma.zip. USEPA. 2008, "Amendment to the Universal Waste Rule: Addition of Pharmaceuticals." US Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Register, 73(232), 26 pp; http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WASTE/2008/December/Day-02/f28161.htm. USEPA. "Health Services Industry Study: Management and Disposal of Unused Pharmaceuticals (Interim Technical Report)." US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA-821-R-08-013, August, 2008, 87 pp; available: http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/P1001AWF.PDF? Dockey=P1001AWF.PDF. USEPA. "Unused pharmaceuticals in the health care industry: Interim report." US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, August, 2008, 10 pp; available: http://www.epa.gov/guide/304m/#hsi; http://www.epa.gov/guide/304m/2008/hsi-PRELIM-study-200808.pdf; http://www.epa.gov/guide/304m/2008/hsi-tech-study-200809.pdf. USEPA. "Information Collection Request (ICR): Health Care Industry Unused Pharmaceuticals Management." US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2008. http://www.epa.gov/guide/304m/#hsi. USEPA "Question of the Week: What do you do with unused over-the-counter or prescription drugs?" Web Page maintained by Greenversations, The Official Blog of the US Environmental Protection Agency, 2008, http://blog.epa.gov/blog/2008/12/08/qotw-prescription-drug-disposal/. USEPA. "Health Care Industry - Unused Pharmaceuticals Detailed Study, 2007-2009 Data Collection and Outreach." US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA-HQ-OW-2008-0517, 22 September, 2009, 12 pp; available: http://water.epa.gov/scitech/wastetech/guide/304m/archive/upload/2009_10_21_guide_304m_hcioutreach.pdf. USEPA "Universal Waste: Pharmaceuticals." Web Page maintained by US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2010, http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/universal/pharm.htm; http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/hazard/wastetypes/universal/pharm.htm. USEPA "Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs): Frequent Questions - How do I properly dispose of unwanted pharmaceuticals." Web Page maintained by US Environmental Protection Agencey, Washington, DC, 2010, http://www.epa.gov/ppcp/faq.html#how. USEPA. "Guidance Document: Best Management Practices for Unused Pharmaceuticals at Health Care Facilities (draft)." US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA-821-R-10-006, 26 August, 2010, 43 pp; available: http://water.epa.gov/scitech/wastetech/guide/upload/unuseddraft.pdf. USEPA "Best Management Practices for Unused Pharmaceuticals at Health Care Facilities - Draft for Public Comment." Web Page maintained by US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2010, http://water.epa.gov/scitech/wastetech/guide/unusedpharms_index.cfm. USEPA. "How to Dispose of Medicines Properly." US Environmental Protection Agency Region 3, Hazardous Site Cleanup Division, Philadelphia, PA, 2011, 2 pp; available: http://water.epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/ppcp/upload/ppcpflyer.pdf.

USEPA. "Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS); Announcement of 2012 Program." Federal Register 2012, 77(88):26751-26755; http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-05-07/html/2012-10935.htm. USEPA "Management of Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals." Web Page maintained by US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2012, http://www.epa.gov/waste/hazard/generation/pharmaceuticals.htm. USEPA "Frequent Questions for Pharmaceutical Collection Events/Programs." Web Page maintained by US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2012, http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/generation/pharmaceuticals/collection.htm. USEPA "Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals Wiki." Web Page maintained by US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2013, http://hwpharms.wikispaces.com/. USEPA "Notice of Data Availability on Hazardous Waste Management and the Retail Sector." Web Page maintained by US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2014, http://www.epa.gov/waste/hazard/generation/retail.htm. USEPA "Management of Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals." Web Page maintained by US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2015, http://www.epa.gov/waste/hazard/generation/pharmaceuticals.htm. USEPA "Proposed Rule: Management Standards for Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals." (31 August); 2015, http://www2.epa.gov/hwgenerators/proposed-rule-management-standards-hazardous-waste-pharmaceuticals. USEPA. "Management Standards for Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals; Proposed Rule." Federal Register 2015, 80(186):58014-58092; http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2015-09-25/html/2015-23167.htm; http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2015-09-25/pdf/2015-23167.pdf. USFDA "Dog Food Survey Results - Survey #1, Qualitative Analyses for Pentobarbital Residue." Web Page maintained by US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, (28 February); 2001, http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CVM/CVMFOIAElectronicReadingRoom/ucm129135.htm. USFDA "Food and Drug Administration/Center for Veterinary Medicine Report on the Risk from Pentobarbital in Dog Food." Web Page maintained by US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, 2002, http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CVM/CVMFOIAElectronicReadingRoom/ucm129131.htm. USFDA "Appendix - Dog Food Samples Used in CVM Pentobarbital Surveys and Analytical Results." Web Page maintained by US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, 2002, http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CVM/CVMFOIAElectronicReadingRoom/ucm129134.htm. USFDA. "FDA's Safe Use Initiative: Collaborating to Reduce Preventable Harm from Medications." US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 4 November, 2009, 28 pp; available: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/DrugSafety/UCM188961.pdf. USFDA "Safe Use Initiative: Collaborating to Reduce Preventable Harm from Medications." Web Page maintained by US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2009, http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm187806.htm. USFDA. "Topical Testosterone Gel Products (Marketed as AndroGel 1% and Testim 1%): Secondary Exposure of Children to Topical Testosterone Products." Drug Safety Newsletter 2009, 2(3):21-23; http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/DrugSafetyNewsletter/ucm189806.htm#TopicalTestosteroneGelProductsMarketedasAndroGel1andTestim1:S econdaryExposureofChildrentoTopicalTestosteroneProducts. USFDA "New FDA Web Page Lists Disposal Instructions for Select Medicines." Web Page maintained by US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, 2009, http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm186598.htm. USFDA. 2009, "Labeling and Packaging Requirements for Controlled Substances." US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, Code of Federal Regulations, 21CFR1302, revised 1 April 2009, http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=1302&showFR=1 USFDA "Medicines Recommended for Disposal by Flushing." Web Page maintained by US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, 2009 [revised November 2013], http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/EnsuringSafeUseofMedicine/SafeDisposalofMedicines/ucm186 187.htm#MEDICINES. USFDA "Disposal of Unused Medicines: What You Should Know. List of Medicines Recommended for Disposal by Flushing." Web Page maintained by US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, 2009 [revised November 2016], http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/EnsuringSafeUseofMedicine/SafeDisposalofMedicines/ucm186 187.htm. USFDA. 2010, "21 C.F.R.§ 211.204 Returned drug products. Code of Federal Regulations, 21 C.F.R. Part 211: Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals, Subpart K: Returned and Salvaged Drug Products." Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, 1 pp; http://law.justia.com/us/cfr/title21/21-4.0.1.1.10.11.1.1.html. USFDA. 2010, "21 C.F.R.§ 211.208 Drug product salvaging. Code of Federal Regulations, 21 C.F.R. Part 211: Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals, Subpart K: Returned and Salvaged Drug Products." Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, 1 pp; http://law.justia.com/us/cfr/title21/21-4.0.1.1.10.11.1.1.html. USFDA. "Statement for National Poison Prevention Week: FDA Committed to Addressing Growing National Overdose Problem." US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2010. 2 pp; http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm204962.htm.

USFDA "Medication Disposal: Questions and Answers." Web Page maintained by US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2010, http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/EnsuringSafeUseofMedicine/SafeDisposalofMedicines/ucm186 188.htm. USFDA. "Buying Medicines over the Internet." US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, 2010. http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/BuyingMedicinesOvertheInternet/default.htm. USFDA. "Food and Drug Administration's Safe Use Initiative Collaborating to Reduce Preventable Harm from Medications." Journal of Pain and Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy 2010, 24(1):76-93; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15360280903583214. USFDA "Evamist (estradiol transdermal spray): Drug Safety Communication - Unintended Exposure of Children and Pets to Topical Estrogen." Web Page maintained by U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2010, http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm220548.htm. USFDA "FDA Drug Safety Communication: Death resulting from overdose after accidental ingestion of Tessalon (benzonatate) by children under 10 years of age." Web Page maintained by U.S. Food and Drug Administration Silver Spring, MD, Silver Spring, MD, 2010, http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm236651.htm. USFDA "FDA Drug Safety Communication: Reports of a rare, but serious and potentially fatal adverse effect with the use of over-the-counter (OTC) benzocaine gels and liquids applied to the gums or mouth." Web Page maintained by U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2011, http://www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety/ucm250024.htm. USFDA. "How to dispose of unused medicines." Consumer Health Information, US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, 2012. 2 pp; http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm101653.htm. USFDA "FDA Reminds the Public about the Potential for Life-Threatening Harm from Accidental Exposure to Fentanyl Transdermal Systems (“Patches”)." Web Page maintained by U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2012, http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm300747.htm. USFDA. "Fentanyl Patch Can Be Deadly to Children." FDA Consumer Health Information/U.S. Food and Drug Administration 2012:1-2; http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm300803.htm. USFDA "FDA Drug Safety Communication: Serious adverse events from accidental ingestion by children of over-the-counter eye drops and nasal sprays." Web Page maintained by U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2012, http://www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety/ucm325257.htm; http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/DrugSafetyPodcasts/ucm325982.htm. USFDA. "FDA requiring lower recommended dose for certain sleep drugs containing zolpidem." US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2013. 8 pp; http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm334798.htm. USFDA "FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA requiring color changes to Duragesic (fentanyl) pain patches to aid safety―emphasizing that accidental exposure to used patches can cause death." Web Page maintained by U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2013, http://www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety/ucm368902.htm. USFDA. "Guidance for Industry Size, Shape, and Other Physical Attributes of Generic Tablets and Capsules " U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Rockville, MD, December, 2013, 11 pp; available: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM377938.pdf. USFDA. "FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA recommends not using lidocaine to treat teething pain and requires new Boxed Warning." U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2014. 5 pp; http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm402240.htm. USFDA. "Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Survey of Pharmacists and Patients; Variations in the Physical Characteristics of Generic Drug Pills and Patients' Perceptions." Federal Register 2014, 79(199):2; https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2014/10/15/2014-24365/agency-information-collection-activities-proposed-collection-comment-requestsurvey-of-pharmacists#table_of_contents. USFDA "FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA warns of possible harm from exceeding recommended dose of over-the-counter sodium phosphate products to treat constipation." Web Page maintained by U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2014, http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm380757.htm. USFDA. "Size, Shape, and Other Physical Attributes of Generic Tablets and Capsules: Guidance for Industry." U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Rockville, MD, June, 2015, 10 pp; available: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM377938.pdf. USFDA. 2016, "FDA targets unlawful internet sales of illegal prescription medicines during International Operation Pangea IX." US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 9 June, 3 pp; http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm505921.htm. USFDA "FDA Warns of Illnesses and Deaths in Pets Exposed to Prescription topical (human) cancer treatment: Fluorouracil." Web Page maintained by US Food & Drug Administration (USFDA), Rockville, MD, 2017, http://www.fda.gov/animalveterinary/newsevents/cvmupdates/ucm537434.htm. USFDA (Leslie Kux). "Guidance for Industry: Residual Drug in Transdermal and Related Drug Delivery Systems." Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) and Office of Pharmaceutical Science, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD, 2010. 5

pp; http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM220796.pdf; http://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/03/2010-19041/draft-guidance-for-industry-on-residual-drug-in-transdermal-and-related-drugdelivery-systems. USFWS. "Pentobarbital Poisoning of Eagles." U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, October, 2003, 9-10 pp; available: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=secwdspubs. USFWS "SMARxT Disposal: A Prescription for a Healthy Planet." Web Page maintained by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the American Pharmacists Association, and the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, 2008, http://www.smarxtdisposal.net/. USFWS. "Correspondence from Bryan Arroyo (USFWS) to Margaret Shield (Local Hazardous Waste Management Program, King County, Seattle, WA)." Department of the Interior, FWS/AFHC/-DEQ/050265, US Fish & Wildlife Service, Washington, DC, 2011. 2 pp. USGAO. "Prescription Drugs: Strategic Framework Would Promote Accountability and Enhance Efforts to Enforce the Prohibitions on Personal Importation." US Government Accountability Office (USGAO), Washington, DC, 8 September, 2005, 76 pp; available: http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d05372.pdf. USGAO. "Environmental Health: Action Needed to Sustain Agencies’ Collaboration on Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water." U.S. Government Accountability Office (USGAO), Washington, DC, August, 2011, 52 pp; available: http://www.gao.gov/Products/GAO-11-346. USGAO. "Preventing Drug Abuse: Low Participation by Pharmacies and Other Entities as Voluntary Collectors of Unused Prescription Drugs." US Government Accountability Office (USGAO), Washington, DC, GAO-18-25, October, 2017, 20 pp; available: https://www.gao.gov/assets/690/687719.pdf; https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-18-25. USNER "National Euthanasia Registry: Protecting Veterinarians - Protecting Wildlife." Web Page maintained by Raptor Education Foundation, Brighton, CO, 2010, http://www.usner.org/. USP. "Promoting Safe Medication Use and Disposal (Resolution 9)." 2005-2010 Resolutions, adopted at the USP Convention 2005, U.S. Pharmacopeia, 13 March, 2005, 29 pp; available: http://www.usp.org/pdf/EN/aboutUSP/2005-2010Resolutions.pdf. USP. "Status of Resolutions Adopted by the 2005 USP Convention. Resolution Number 9: Promoting Safe Medication Use and Disposal. USP resolves to work with appropriate constituencies to continue to develop programs to promote safe medication use and disposal." United States Pharmacopeial (USP) Convention, Rockville, MD, 9 April, 2010, 18-19 pp; available: http://www.usp.org/pdf/EN/members/reportResolutionsAdopted.pdf. USP "Frequently Asked Questions: <800> Hazardous Drugs—Handling in Healthcare Settings." Web Page maintained by U.S. Pharmaceopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, 2017, http://www.usp.org/frequently-asked-questions/hazardous-drugs-handling-healthcare-settings. USP Compounding Expert Committee. "General Chapter <800> Hazardous Drugs—Handling in Healthcare Settings." U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention (USP), Rockville, MD, 2014, 33 pp; available: http://www.usp.org/usp-nf/notices/general-chapter-hazardous-drugs-handling-healthcare-settings. USPS "600: Basic Standards for All Mailing Services, 601 Mailability, section 11.11 Drugs." Web Page maintained by United States Postal Service, 2009, http://pe.usps.com/text/dmm300/601.htm#wp1189257. USPS. "Postal Service Expands Prescription Mail Back: Program Diverts Expired, Unused Medicine from Landfills, Water Supply." United States Postal Service, Washington, DC, 2010. https://www.usps.com/green/news/100408_mailback.htm; http://www.usps.com/communications/newsroom/2010/pr10_032.htm. Utah Department of Health "Rx - Use Only as Directed: for Healthcare Providers." Web Page maintained by Utah Department of Health, Salt Lake City, UT, 2010, http://www.useonlyasdirected.org/index.php?p_resource=resources_providers. Utah Poison Control Center. "Medication Disposal." Toxicology Today 2011, 13(3):2. Utah.gov Services "Proper Medication Disposal: Information about the proper disposal of prescription and over-the-counter medications for Utah Households." Web Page maintained by State of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 2010. Uysal F and Tinmaz E. "Medical waste management in Trachea region of Turkey: suggested remedial action." Waste Management & Research 2004, 22(5):403-407; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x04045690. Vaarkamp H. "De veterinaire praktijk en het milieu: wat te doen en wat te laten [Veterinary practice and the environment: what to do and what to omit]." Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde [Netherlands Journal of Veterinary Science] 1991, 116(2):73-77; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1996461. Vacas Rodilla E, Castella D, I., Sanchez G, M., Pujol Algue A, Pallares Comalada MC, and Balague Corbera M. "Automedicacion y ancianos. La realidad de un botiquin casero [Self-medication and the elderly. The reality of the home medicine cabinet]." Atencion Primaria 2009, 41(5):269-274; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2008.09.018. Vaccari P, Tonat K, DeChristoforo R, Gallelli J, and Zimmerman P. "Disposal of antineoplastic wastes at the National Institutes of Health." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 1984, 41(1):87-93; http://www.ajhp.org/cgi/content/abstract/41/1/87. Vail J. "Disposing of Expired Drugs and Chemicals: New Options for Compounders." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Compounding 2008, 12(1):38-47; http://www.ijpc.com/Abstracts/Abstract.cfm?ABS=2704.

Valigra L. "Packaging Trends: the Right Package for Aging Boomers. Recyclable, sustainable, and boutique packaging may become the vogue, but low cost and convenience will prevail." Pharmaceutical Formulation & Quality 2008, 10(4):36-39. Valliere R. 2010, "New Law in Maine Sets up Framework for Plans to Require Product Recycling." Daily Environment Report, Arlington, VA, 2 pp; http://news.bna.com/deln/DELNWB/split_display.adp?fedfid=16729264&vname=dennotallissues&fn=16729264&jd=a0c2n1j4e1&split=0. Valliere R. 2010, "Report Says ‘Mail-Back' Program in Maine Kept Drugs out of Water Supply, Landfills." Daily Environment Report, Arlington, VA, 20 May, http://news.bna.com/deln/DELNWB/split_display.adp?fedfid=17198177&vname=dennotallissues&fn=17198177&jd=a0c3d9a5v8&split=0. Vallini G and Townend WK. "Pharmaceutical waste: as in the Titanic we are only seeing the tip of the iceberg." Waste Management & Research 2010, 28(9):767-768; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x10377376. Valluri A. "Ecopharmacology – in the Offing ." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 2016, 6(1):84-87; http://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0116/ijsrp-p4915.pdf. Valormed. "Embalagens de medicamentos veterinaé rios: Conheça onde a recolha dos resíéduos de embalagens de medicamentos veterinaé rios jaé se efectua [Packaging of veterinary medicinal products: Know where the collection of waste packaging of veterinary medicinal products already being made]." Valormed, Algeé s, Portugal, April, 2010, 3 pp; available: http://www.valormed.pt/index.php? option=com_content&view=article&id=172:recolharesiduosvet&catid=68:homepage&Itemid=139. Valormed. "Atitudes e Comportamentos das famíélias Portuguesas: Inqueé rito Nacional aà s famíélias portuguesas face aos resíéduos de embalagens e de medicamentos fora de uso [Attitudes and Behaviors of Portuguese families: National Survey families to meet the packaging waste and discarded medicines]." Valormed, Algeé s, Portugal, 2010, available: http://www.valormed.pt/index.php? option=com_content&view=article&id=282:estudo&catid=91:2010&Itemid=129. Valormed "Valormed [Integrated Collection of Medicinal Packaging and Discarded Drugs]." Web Page maintained by Valormed, Algeé s, Portugal, 2010, http://www.valormed.pt/. Van Dusen A. 2008, "Are You Taking Too Many Medications?" Forbes.com, 19 July, http://www.forbes.com/2008/06/19/health-drugs-prescriptionsforbeslife-cx_avd_0619health.html. Van Dusen V. "Federal Controlled Substance Laws and Regulations." Drug Topics 2010, 154(6):30-41; http://digital.modernmedicine.com/nxtbooks/advanstar/dt_201006/#/32. Van Nimmen NFJ, Poels KLC, and Veulemans HAF. "Identification of Exposure Pathways for Opioid Narcotic Analgesics in Pharmaceutical Production Workers." Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2006, 50(7):665-677; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/mel028. van Velzen AG, van Riel AJHP, Hunault C, van Riemsdijk TE, de Vries I, and Meulenbelt J. "A case series of xylometazoline overdose in children." Clinical Toxicology 2007, 45(3):290-294; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650601033326. Vanasse G. "Medications Return Program: Pharmaceutical Annual Report - January 2007 to December 2007." PCPSA Post Consumer Pharmaceutical Stewardship Association, British Columbia, 30 June, 2008, 36 pp; available: http://www.medicationsreturn.ca/ar2007.pdf. Vanasse G. "Medications Return Program: Pharmaceutical Annual Report - January 2008 to December 2008." PCPSA Post Consumer Pharmaceutical Stewardship Association, British Columbia, 30 June, 2009, 17 pp; available: http://www.medicationsreturn.ca/ar2008.pdf. Vanderlip S. 2009, "How to Prevent Poisoning in Ferrets: Ferrets eat the strangest things, but owners can protect their pets from poisoning by being aware of possible dangers." Small Animal Channel.com, 16 February, http://www.smallanimalchannel.com/media/ferrets/ferret-health/poisonprevention.aspx.pdf. Vanitzian D. 2016, "Q&A Improper disposal of prescription drugs can put people and homeowners association at risk." Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles, CA, 28 February, 2 pp; http://www.latimes.com/business/realestate/la-fi-associations-20160228-story.html. Vatovec C, Van Wagoner E, and Evans C. "Investigating sources of pharmaceutical pollution: Survey of over-the-counter and prescription medication purchasing, use, and disposal practices among university students." Journal of Environmental Management 2017, 198, Part 1:348-352; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.101. Vaughn LM and Donohoe K. "Dangers in the Medicine Cabinet: Appropriate Management of Expired and Unused Prescription Drugs." Home Health Care Management & Practice 2013, 25(4):155-159; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1084822312473829. Vecchione A. "Outdated rules hamper proper Rx waste disposal." Drug Topics 2006, 11 December; http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drugtopics/HSE+Business+Management/Outdated-rules-hamper-proper-Rx-wastedisposal/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/389632. Velagaleti R, Burns PK, Gill M, and Prothro J. "Impact of current good manufacturing practices and emission regulations and guidances on the discharge of pharmaceutical chemicals into the environment from manufacturing, use, and disposal." Environmental Health Perspectives 2002, 110(3):213-220; http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1240759. Velligan DI, Lam F, Ereshefsky L, and Miller AL. "Psychopharmacology: Perspectives on Medication Adherence and Atypical Antipsychotic Medications." Psychiatric Services 2003, 54(5):665-667; http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.54.5.665.

Vellinga A, Cormican S, Driscoll J, Furey M, O'Sullivan M, and Cormican M. "Public practice regarding disposal of unused medicines in Ireland." Science of the Total Environment 2014, 478:98-102; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.085. Velo GP. "Drugs in the environment - ecopharmacovigilance for better health." Epidemiology & Public Health Section, London, UK, Royal Society of Medicine, 2011, 4 pp; http://www.rsm.ac.uk/academ/epc01.php. Venere E, "System 'prints' precise drug dosages tailored for patients." Purdue News, Purdue University, 15 May, 2014, 2 pp; http://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2014/Q2/system-prints-precise-drug-dosages-tailored-for-patients.html. Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc., "Medication inactivation technologies." Web Page maintained by Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc., Los Altos, CA, 2011, http://www.verdeenvirotech.com/. Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc. 2012, "Ground Breaking New Medication Disposal System Medsaway Just Launched." Rueters, 19 July, 2 pp; http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/19/idUS234084+19-Jul-2012+BW20120719. Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc. 2012, "Medsaway® ContraPatch™ FAQ’s." Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc., Burnsville, MN, 5 December, 3 pp; http://shop.gohcl.com/Customer/hecalo/specpages/18823_ProdSpec.pdf. Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc. 2013, "Medsaway® XL FAQ's." Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc., Burnsville, MN, 11 October, 5 pp; http://static1.1.sqspcdn.com/static/f/916367/24748685/1397756055177/Medsaway-XL-FAQ-10-11-13.pdf. Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc. 2014, "Medsaway® Technology." Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc., Burnsville, MN, 2 pp; http://verdeenvirotech.squarespace.com/technology/. Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc. 2014, "Medsaway® Aligns with the New DEA Regulations: September 30, 2014." Verde Environmental Technologies, Inc., Burnsville, MN, 30 September, 1 pp. Verde Technologies, Inc. 2015, "Deterra™ Drug Deactivation System." Verde Technologies Inc., Minneapolis, MN, 23 March, 2 pp; http://deterrasystem.com/. Verhoeven AR and Harris CR. "Deadly Drug Ingestions." Physician Assistant Clinics 2017, 2(3):449-463; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpha.2017.02.008. Verma LK and Mani S. "Biomedical waste management in nursing homes and smaller hospitals in Delhi." Waste Management 2008, 28(12):2723-2734; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.12.013. Vermeire E, Hearnshaw H, Van Royen P, and Denekens J. "Patient adherence to treatment: three decades of research. A comprehensive review." Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 2001, 26(5):331-342; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2710.2001.00363.x. Vestara "Vestara Launches EcoRexNS to Reduce Pharmaceutical Waste Pollution." Irvine, CA, 2008, http://www.solidwaste.com/article.mvc/VestaraLaunches-EcoRexNS-To-Reduce-Pharmaceu-0002. Vestara "EcoRex™ Pharmaceutical Waste Management System." Web Page maintained by Vestara, Irvine, CA, 2010, http://www.vestara.com/solutions.php. VetCA "Veterinary Compliance Assistance - VetCA." Web Page maintained by National Center for Manufacturing Sciences, National Compliance Assistance Centers, Washington, DC, 2014, http://www.vetca.org/. vetSTREET. 2014, "Ibuprofen and Naproxen Toxicity." VetSTREET, Vetstreet, Silver Spring, MD, 24 March, http://www.vetstreet.com/care/ibuprofenand-naproxen-toxicity. Vik SA, Maxwell CJ, and Hogan DB. "Measurement, Correlates, and Health Outcomes of Medication Adherence among Seniors." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2004, 38(2):303-312; http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1D252. Vilke GM, Douglas DJ, Shipp H, Stepanski B, Smith A, Ray LU, et al. "Pediatric Poisonings in Children Younger than Five Years Responded to by Paramedics." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2011, 41(3):265-269; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2010.10.018. Villarini M, Dominici L, Piccinini R, Fatigoni C, Ambrogi M, Curti G, et al. "Assessment of primary, oxidative and excision repaired DNA damage in hospital personnel handling antineoplastic drugs." Mutagenesis 2011, 26(3):359-369; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geq102. Vincent WR, Wiesner AM, and Steinke DT. ""Free" prescription drug samples are not free." American Journal of Public Health 2008, 98(8):1348-1349; http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2008.138800. Visvanathan C, Ananth AP, Sri MP, Prashanthini V, and Jacob S. "Healthcare waste in Asia: Intuitions & insights." The 3R Knowledge Hub (3RKH), is a joint initiative of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP), the UNEP Regional Resource Centre for Asia and the Pacific and the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Pathumthani, Thailand, 2008, 167 pp; http://www.eawag.ch/forschung/sandec/publikationen/swm/dl/healthcare_waste.pdf. Vitale K, Palian M, Jonjic D, Milic M, Sovic S, and Dzakula A. "Patients Practice and Knowledge of Pharmaceuticals Disposal: Example from Some Rural Areas of Croatia." in Environmental and Food Safety and Security for South-East Europe and Ukraine, Vitale K, Ed., Springer Netherlands; 2012, Chapter 19, pp 213-217; doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2953-7_19; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2953-7_19.

Vivian JC. "Disposal of Controlled Substances." U.S. Pharmacist 2009, 34(3):38-41; http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/t/miscellaneous,pharmacy_law/c/12639/. Viviani de Carvalho E, Ferreira E, Mucini L, and Santos C. "Aspectos legais e toxicoloé gicos do descarte de medicamentos [Legal and toxicological aspects of medication discharges]." Revista Brasileira de Toxicologia 2009, 22(1-2):1-8; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284722890_Aspectos_Legais_e_Toxicologicos_do_Descarte_de_Medicamentos. Voepel-Lewis T, Wagner D, and Tait AR. "Leftover prescription opioids after minor procedures: An unwitting source for accidental overdose in children." JAMA Pediatrics 2015, 169(5):497-498; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.3583. Vogler S, Leopold C, Zuidberg C, and Habl C. "Medicines discarded in household garbage: analysis of a pharmaceutical waste sample in Vienna." Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice 2014, 7(6):1-8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2052-3211-7-6. Vollmer A. 2010, "email RE: National take-back program - what kind of incinerators?" [email protected], New Mexico Environment Department (NMED), Hazardous Waste Bureau, New Mexico, 27 August. Vollmer G. "Disposal of Pharmaceutical Waste in Households - A European Survey." in Green and Sustainable Pharmacy, Kuö mmerer K and Hempel M, Eds., Springer-Verlag; Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2010, Chapter 11, pp 165-178; doi:10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_11; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_11. Volpe DA, Tobin GAM, Mellon RD, Katki AG, Parker RJ, Colatsky T, et al. "Uniform assessment and ranking of opioid Mu receptor binding constants for selected opioid drugs." Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 2011, 59(3):385-390; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.12.007. Voorman H. "New Medication Disposal Program Helps Reduce Groundwater Pollution." The Aquifer 2014, Fall; https://groundwaterorg.presencehost.net/file_download/inline/f8a56a81-c16b-4252-96bd-0a89924dc027. Voudrias E, Goudakou L, Kermenidou M, and Softa A. "Composition and production rate of pharmaceutical and chemical waste from Xanthi General Hospital in Greece." Waste Management 2012, 32(7):1442-2452; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.01.027. Vroman R. "Pediatric toxicology: Part 2. What EMS providers need to know about "one-pill killers"." EMS 2008, 37(5):88-92; http://pubget.com/paper/18814676/pediatric-toxicology-part-2-what-ems-providers-need-to-know-about-one-pill-killers; http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Pediatric-toxicology-Part-2-What/18814676.html. Vroman R. "Pediatric toxicology: Part 3. What EMS providers need to know about "one-pill killers"." EMS 2008, 37(6):61-68; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18810958. Wagner AK and Massaro FJ. "Classification of Donated Drugs." in An Assessment of U.S. Pharmaceutical Donations: Players, Processes, and Products, Reich MR, Ed., Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA, 1999, Chapter 2, pp 27-42; http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s20190en/s20190en.pdf. Wain AA and Martin J. "Can transdermal nicotine patch cause acute intoxication in a child? A case report and review of literature." Ulster Medical Journal 2004, 73(1):65-66; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2475435/?tool=pubmed. Wakeman A. "Medication disposal system." Patent Application: 2011, 8 pp; https://www.google.com/patents/US7896271. Walgreens. 2010, "Walgreens Study Finds Nearly 40 Percent of American Households Surveyed Have Expired Over-The-Counter Medications." Walgreens, Deerfield, IL, 10 November, http://news.walgreens.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=5360. Walgreens. 2016, "Walgreens Leads Fight against Prescription Drug Abuse with New Programs to Help Curb Misuse of Medications and the Rise in Overdose Deaths." Newsroom, WalgreensNews, Deerfield, IL, 9 February, 4 pp; http://news.walgreens.com/press-releases/general-news/walgreensleads-fight-against-prescription-drug-abuse-with-new-programs-to-help-curb-misuse-of-medications-and-the-rise-in-overdose-deaths.htm. Walgreens. 2016, "Walgreens Collects more than 10 Tons of Unused Medications as it Reaches Goal of Installing Safe Medication Disposal Kiosks in 500 Pharmacies Throughout the U.S." Business Wire, Business Wire, Inc., New York, NY, 18 October, 3 pp; http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20161018005455/en/Walgreens-Collects-10-Tons-Unused-Medications-Reaches. Wallace L. "DNA Addresses Pharmaceutical Waste in the Water Supply." DNA Reporter 2009, 34(3):16. Wallin D. "There’s no place like home…for life-threatening pediatric poisoning." UCSF Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, CA, 8 March 2017; http://osherminimed.ucsf.edu/sites/osherminimed.ucsf.edu/files/wysiwyg/Wallin.HouseholdPoisonings.pdf. Walsh P. "Owner of Northfield drug disposal service admits selling pills on street." StarTribune.com, 2009, http://www.startribune.com/local/south/52077597.html. Walsh WJ. 2013, "United States: Disposing of Pharmaceutical Waste: Some Progress." Pepper Hamilton LLP, http://www.mondaq.com/unitedstates/x/218090/Waste+Management/Disposing+of+Pharmaceutical+Waste+Some+Progress&email_access=on. Walton B. 2011, "Unprescribed: Legislation to Keep Drugs out of Water Thwarted by U.S. Pharmaceutical Lobbying." Circle of Blue, Seattle, WA, 10 November, 6 pp; http://www.circleofblue.org/waternews/2011/world/unprescribed-u-s-pharmaceutical-industry-fights-to-avoid-paying-for-drugdisposal-programs/.

Walton B. 2013, "Who Will Pay for Disposal? Drug Companies Lose against Local Governments in California and Washington." EarthDesk, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY, 26 October, http://earthdesk.blogs.pace.edu/2013/10/26/who-will-pay-for-disposal-drug-companies-lose-against-localgovernments-in-california-and-washington/. Walton S, M., Arondekar BV, Johnson NE, and Schumock GT. "A model for comparing unnecessary costs associated with various prescription fill-quantity policies: illustration using VA data." Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy 2001, 7(5):386-390; http://www.amcp.org/data/jmcp/Research-386-390.pdf. Walton WW. "An evaluation of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act." Pediatrics 1982, 69(3):363-370; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063294. Wang GS, Hoppe JA, Brou L, and Heard KJ. "Medication organizers (pill minders) increase the risk for unintentional pediatric ingestions." Clinical Toxicology 2017, 55(8):897-901; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2017.1321117. Wang GS, Le Lait M-C, and Heard K. "Unintentional Pediatric Exposures to Central Alpha-2 Agonists Reported to the National Poison Data System." The Journal of Pediatrics 2014, 164(1):149-152; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.08.038. Wang JJ. "Unopened, Unused Prescription Drugs Destroyed at Taxpayer Expense." Health Law & Policy Institute, University of Houston - Law Center, Houston, TX, 29 November, 2000, 1 pp; available: http://www.law.uh.edu/healthlaw/perspectives/Food/001129Unopened.html. Wang X, Howley P, Boxall ABA, and Rudd MA. "Behavior, preferences, and willingness to pay for measures aimed at preventing pollution by pharmaceuticals and personal care products in China." Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 2016, 12(4):793-800; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1746. Wapner J. "Spreading the Health: Repositories for donated, unused drugs still face hurdles." Scientific American 2009, 300(2):18-20; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0209-18. Warden CR and Pace SA. "Clozapine overdose in a child presenting with acute respiratory arrest." Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1996, 34(5):571; http://eurekamag.com/research/030/585/030585496.php. Waring WS, Palmer SR, and Bateman DN. "Alerting and Surveillance Using Poisons Information Systems (ASPIS): Outcomes from an international working group." Clinical Toxicology 2007, 45(5):543-548; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650701365842. Warmerdam E. 2012, "No You Don't, Drug Makers Tell County." Courthouse News Service, Oakland, CA, 10 December, 1 pp; http://www.courthousenews.com/2012/12/10/52963.htm. Warner KS, Jordan W, and Ashburn MA. "Systems and methods for reducing unintended use of active ingredients in dermal delivery devices." Patent Application: 2005, 10 pp; http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2005/0112068.html. Warren and Capito. 2016, "To amend the Controlled Substances Act to permit certain partial fillings of prescriptions." 114 th Congress, 2D Session, 3 pp; http://www.warren.senate.gov/files/documents/SIL16061.pdf. Warren G. 2010, "Prescription narcotics vanish from Sacramento post office." NEWS 10 ABC, Sacramento, CA, 1 pp; http://www.news10.net/news/story.aspx?storyid=78845&catid=2. Washam C. "Drugs down the drain: The drugs you swallow, the water you drink." ChemMatters 2011, February:11-13; http://myecoach.com/online/resources/3698/drugs-down-the-drain_Chemmatters.pdf. Washington Citizens for Resource Conservation (WCRC). "Sound stats report." Northwest Research Group, Inc., January, 2006, 21 pp. Washington State Department of Ecology "Clark County Solid Waste pharmaceutical take back program." Web Page maintained by Department of Ecology, Washington State, 2003, http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/swfa/mrw/pdf/Presentations/Jim%20Mansfield%20Pharmaceutical%20take %20back%20program.ppt.pdf. Washington State Department of Ecology "Specific waste: Chemotherapy." Web Page maintained by Washington State Department of Ecology, Olympia, WA, 2012, http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/hwtr/pharmaceuticals/pages/chemotherapy.html. Wasserfallen J-B, Bourgeois R, Buö la C, Yersin B, and Buclin T. "Composition and Cost of Drugs Stored at Home by Elderly Patients." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2003, 37(5):731-737; http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1C310. Water Policy Report. 2016, "Water Utilities, Advocates Urge FDA to End Medication Flushing Advice." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 5 February, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/water-policy-report/water-utilities-advocates-urge-fda-end-medication-flushingadvice. Watson C. "How pharmacists could save lives by cutting pharmaceutical carbon." The Pharmaceutical Journal 2009, 283:623; http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/opinion/comment/how-pharmacists-could-save-lives-by-cutting-pharmaceutical-carbon/10988353.article. Watson F. 2016, "City of Nixa ends medication drop-off program. Man unknowingly drops off dangerous chemical; two workers fall ill." KSPR News, Schurz Comminications Inc., Springfield, MO, 5 February, 2 pp; http://www.kspr.com/news/local/city-of-nixa-ends-medication-dropoffprogram/21051620_37850442. Watson WA, Litovitz TL, Rodgers Jr GC, Klein-schwartz W, Youniss J, Rose SR, et al. "2002 annual report of the American association of poison control centers toxic exposure surveillance system." The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2003, 21(5):353-421; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S07356757(03)00088-3.

Watson (sponsored by Donna Howard). 2009, "S.B. 1757/HB 3753: Methods for disposing of unused pharmaceuticals so that they do not enter the wastewater system." Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), Texas Legislature, Austin, TX, Session 81(R), 3 pp; http://www.legis.state.tx.us/BillLookup/History.aspx?LegSess=81R&Bill=SB1757; http://www.legis.state.tx.us/BillLookup/History.aspx? LegSess=81R&Bill=HB3753. Wax PM, Kleinschmidt KC, and Brent J. "The Toxicology Investigators Consortium (ToxIC) Registry." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2011, 7(4):259-265; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs13181-011-0177-z. WCRC. 2009, "Pharmaceutical Pollution Prevention: Keeping Drugs out of the Water - A Guide for Healthcare Professionals." Washington Citizens for Resource Conservation, Seattle, WA, 2 pp; available: http://www.medicinereturn.com/resources/ed_materials/healthcare%20brochure.pdf. WCRC "Unwanted Medicine Return Program: Medicine waste reduction - Waste prevention strategies." Web Page maintained by Washington Citizens for Resource Conservation, Washington State, 2009, http://www.medicinereturn.com/waste-reduction. WDNR. 2013, "Study shows only 2 percent of unused prescription drugs going to take-back programs in Wisconsin." Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR), Madison, WI, 2 pp; http://dnr.wi.gov/news/BreakingNews_Lookup.asp?id=2620. WDNR "How to safely dispose of household pharmaceutical waste." Web Page maintained by Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR), Madison, WI, 2014, http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/HealthWaste/HouseholdPharm.html. Webb R. "Improving medicines adherence and reducing waste." Eastern Academic Health Science Network (EAHSN), Cambridge, July, 2014, 24 pp; available: http://www.prescqipp.info/resources/finish/250-medicines-adherence-and-waste-eahsn-campaign/1411-eahsn-medicines-adherence-andwaste-framework-report. Weeks J. "Pharmaceutical waste winds up in water supply: Improper disposal of prescription drugs poses threat to fish and possibly humans." CQ Researcher 2010, 20(23):534-535; http://www.cqpress.com/product/Researcher-Water-Shortages-v20-23.html. WEF. "Resource Paper for Public and Press Microconstituents in the Water Environment." Water Environment Federation, 28 June, 2007, 6 pp; available: http://www.wef.org/. WEF. "Source Control of Microconstituents." Water Environment Federation, Order No: P07020E, September, 2007, 26 pp; available: http://www.wef.org/; http://www.mi-wea.org/docs/SourceControlofMicroconstituents.pdf. WEF. "Drug-Free Drains (Brochure): You Can Help Protect Our Waters from Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products." Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, VA, Order No: HP1904, 2008, available: http://www.wef.org/; http://www.e-wef.org/timssnet/images/HP1904.pdf. Wehrle PF, Day PA, Whalen JP, Fitzgerald JW, and Harris VG. "The epidemiology of accidental poisoning in an urban population. II. Prevalence and distribution of poisoning." American Journal of Public Health 1960, 50:1925-1933; http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.50.12.1925. Weich R. "Letter to Congressman Jay Inslee (re: S. 3397, the Secure and Responsible Drug Disposal Act of 2010)." Office of the Assistant Attorney General and Office of Legislative Affairs, US Department of Justice, Washington, DC, 2010. 2 pp. Weinger MB. "Drug wastage contributes significantly to the cost of routine anesthesia care." Journal of Clinical Anesthesia 2001, 13(7):491-497; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0952-8180(01)00317-8. Weintraub A, "Teaching Doctors—or Selling to Them? Drugmakers worried about conflicts of interest back away from their sponsorship of continuing education." Business Week, 31 July, 2008, 2 pp; http://businessweek.com/magazine/content/08_32/b4095026335160.htm? chan=top+news_top+news+index_technology. Welham GC, Mount JK, and Gilson AM. "Type and Frequency of Opioid Pain Medications Returned for Disposal." Drugs - Real World Outcomes 2015, 2(2):129-135; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40801-015-0019-4. Wells TG, Graham CJ, Moss MM, and Kearns GL. "Nifedipine Poisoning in a Child." Pediatrics 1990, 86(1):91-94; http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/86/1/91.abstract. Welz A. 2014, "Bird-killing vet drug alarms European conservationists: A notorious veterinary drug that killed millions of vultures in India is now on sale in Europe." The Guardian, theguardian.com, 11 March, 5 pp; http://www.theguardian.com/environment/nature-up/2014/mar/11/bird-killingvet-drug-alarms-european-conservationists. Wennmalm A. "Sustainable use of pharmaceuticals." in A Healthy Future - Pharmaceuticals in a Sustainable Society, collaborative publication of Apoteket AB, MistraPharma, and Stockholm County Council; Stockholm, Sweden, 2009, Chapter 6, pp 106-123; http://www.mistrapharma.se/Homepage/Download-File/f/333233/h/557e63b8a520e26d0da9084cc39c526f/Book+MistraPharma+2008+eng. Wennmalm AÅ , Bengtsson B-E, and Gunnarsson B. "The Vision – Sustainable Pharmaceutical Management in a Sustainable Society." in Towards Sustainable Pharmaceuticals in a Healthy Society: MistraPharma Research, First edition; Rudeé n C, Liljelund K and Hagerman H, Eds., MistraPharma; Stockholm, Sweden, 2010, Chapter 9, pp 130-139; http://www.mistrapharma.se/Homepage/DownloadFile/f/333163/h/85c099808b87e05d7a70ce9481f5bacc/Book+MistraPharma+2009. Wennmalm AÅ and Gunnarsson B. "Public health care management of water pollution with pharmaceuticals: Environmental classification and analysis of pharmaceutical residues in sewage water." Drug Information Journal 2005, 39(3):291-297; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009286150503900307.

Wennmalm AÅ and Gunnarsson B. "Pharmaceutical management through environmental product labeling in Sweden." Environment International 2009, 35(5):775-777; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2008.12.008. Wennmalm AÅÁ and Gunnarsson B. "Experiences with the Swedish environment classification scheme." in Green and Sustainable Pharmacy, Kuö mmerer K and Hempel M, Eds., Springer-Verlag; Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2010, Chapter 16, pp 243-249; doi:10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_16; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05199-9_16. Wepukhulu JK. "Effectiveness of commonly used methods in disposing pharmaceutical waste in pharmacies and hospitals: A case of pharmacies in Mombasa County, Kenya." University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, 2011. http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/123456789/4041. West AP. "Dangers of stimulant patch misuse." Current Psychiatry 2007, 6(3):2; http://www.currentpsychiatry.com/search_redirect.php? page=22161&article=172240. West LM, Diack L, Cordina M, and Stewart D. "A systematic review of the literature on ‘medication wastage’: an exploration of causative factors and effect of interventions." International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy 2014, 36(5):873-881; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-9981-2. Whalen S. 2015, "U.S. Supreme Court Decides Not to Hear Pharmaceutical Industry Case against Drug Disposal Law." Product Stewardship Institute, Inc (PSI, Inc.), Boston, MA, 26 May, 2 pp; http://www.productstewardship.us/news/233389/U.S.-Supreme-Court-Decides-Not-to-Hear-PharmaceuticalIndustry-Case-Against-Drug-Disposal-Law.htm. Wheeler AJ, Spinks J, Bettington E, and Kelly F. "Evaluation of the National Return of unwanted medicines (RUM) program in Australia: a study protocol." Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice 2017, 10(1):38; https://doi.org/10.1186/s40545-017-0126-6. White CA. "Comments on Pharmaceutical Drug Waste Collection Programs in California (letter to Burke Lucy)." Waste Management, Sacramento, CA, 10 August, 2010, 30 pp; available: http://calrecycle.ca.gov/HomeHazWaste/Events/Pharma/2010/Jul20/Comments/WasteMgmt.pdf. White J. 2010, "National 'Take Back Day' urges surrender of unneeded prescription drugs." The Washington Post, The Washington Post Company, Washington, DC, 23 September, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/09/23/AR2010092303233.html. White KG. "Review of prescription charges for those with long-term conditions (report of Professor Ian Gilmore)." Addison’s Disease Self-Help Group, Guildford, Surrey, UK, 6 April, 2009, 9 pp; available: http://www.addisons.org.uk/comms/media/gilmore1.pdf; http://www.addisons.org.uk/topics/2009/05/0031.html. White KG. "Medicines wastage: how big is the problem? (Supplementary information to the Gilmore review on prescription charges)." Addison’s Disease Self-Help Group, Guildford, Surrey, UK, 30 May, 2009, 10 pp; available: http://www.addisons.org.uk/comms/media/medicines_wastage.pdf; http://www.addisons.org.uk/topics/2009/05/0031.html. White KG. "UK interventions to control medicines wastage: a critical review." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2010, 18(3):131-140; http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123456186/abstract. White SJ. "Pharmaceutical Waste and Environmental Contamination: A Global Issue." Pharmaceutical Waste Management: Issues and Options for Health Systems, ASHP Advantage, Bethesda, Maryland, Year Unknown; http://onlinece.ashpadvantage.com/pharmawaste/overview.htm#. White-McCrimmon RY, Soghoian S, Doty CI, Maffei FA, Mullins ME, Windle ML, et al. 2014, "Tricyclic Antidepressant Toxicity in Pediatrics." Medscape, WebMD LLC, 26 March, 5 pp; http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1010089-overview#showall. Whittaker S. "Medication Disposal: 2009 survey of attitudes and preferences among Oregon and Washington state residents." Local Hazardous Waste Management Program, King County, Washington, 8 January (modified) 2010; http://www.medicinereturn.com/resources/surveys/WA%20OR %20Pharmaceuticals%20Survey%20Report_Final.pdf; http://www.medicinereturn.com/resources/surveys/wa_highlights_of_gilmore_survey_20jan2010_final_.pdf. WHO. "Improving drug use." Essential Drugs Monitor 1997, (23):1-24. WHO. "Guidelines for drug donations." World Health Organization, Department of Essential Drugs and Other Medicines, Geneva, Switzerland, 1999 [revised], 24 pp; available: http://www.drugdonations.org/eng/richtlijnen/eng_guidelinesdrugdonation.pdf. WHO. "Adherence to Long-Term Therapies: Evidence for Action." World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2003, 211 pp; available: http://www.who.int/chp/knowledge/publications/adherence_report/en/. WHO. "Technical guidelines on the environmentally sound management of biomedical and healthcare wastes (Y1; Y3)." Secretariat of the Basel Convention, Chaê telaine, Switzerland, September, 2003, 77 pp; available: http://www.basel.int/pub/techguid/tech-biomedical.pdf. WHO. "WHO core principles for achieving safe and sustainable management of health-care waste." World Health Organization, Department for Public Health and Environment, Assessing and Managing Environmental Risks to Health, WHO/SDE/WSH/07.10, 2007, 2 pp; available: http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/medicalwaste/hcwprinciples.pdf; http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/medicalwaste/hcwprinciples/en/index.html. WHO. "Pharmaceuticals in Drinking-water: Public Health and Environment Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Health." World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2011, 49 pp; available: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2011/WHO_HSE_WSH_11.05_eng.pdf. WHO. "Pharmaceuticals in Drinking-water." World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2012, 52 pp; available: http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/2011/pharmaceuticals/en/index.html.

Whyte IM, Buckley NA, and Dawson AH. "Data Collection in Clinical Toxicology: Are There Too Many Variables?" Clinical Toxicology 2002, 40(3):223230; http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/CLT-120005492. Wick JY. 2012, "Responsible Drug Disposal: Creating a Green Practice." Pharmacy Times, Intellisphere, LLC, Plainsboro, NJ, 12 September, 3 pp; http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2012/September2012/Responsible-Drug-Disposal-Creating-a-Green-Practice. Wick JY. 2013, "Getting to Green: How’s Pharmacy Doing?" Pharmacy Times, Intellisphere, LLC, Plainsboro, NJ, 11 November, 4 pp; http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2013/November2013/Getting-to-Green-Hows-Pharmacy-Doing. Wieczorkiewicz SM, Kassamali Z, and Danziger LH. "Behind Closed Doors: Medication Storage and Disposal in the Home." The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2013, 47:482-489; http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1R706. Wilcox E. "Pharmaceuticals in the environment: review of current disposal practices for medications and the influence of public perception on environmental risks." North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 2013. 39 pp; http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.4/8271; http://repository.lib.ncsu.edu/dr/bitstream/1840.4/8271/1/Wilcox%2C+Elizabeth+final.pdf. Wiley CC and Wiley JF. "Pediatric Benzodiazepine Ingestion Resulting in Hospitalization." Clinical Toxicology 1998, 36(3):227-231; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659809028944. Wiley JF, II, Wiley CC, Torrey SB, and Henretig FM. "Clonidine poisoning in young children." The Journal of Pediatrics 1990, 116(4):654-658; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(05)81621-X. Wilkerson R, Northington L, and Fisher W. "Ingestion of Toxic Substances by Infants and Children: What We Don’t Know Can Hurt." Critical Care Nurse 2005, 25(4):35-44; http://ccn.aacnjournals.org/content/25/4/35.short. Wilks J and Withers C. "Issues in developing a community medication collection: an overview of medidump projects." Australian Drug and Alcohol Review 1989, 8(1):15-20; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595238980000041. Williams F and Kavanagh E. "Extending the Shelf Life of Critical Chemical Biological, Nuclear and Radiological (CBRN) Medical Materiel using the FDA/DOD Shelf Life Extention Program." 24 January, 2006, 7 pp; available: https://slep.dmsbfda.army.mil/slep/slep_info_paper_JAN_2006.doc. Williams N, Robertson J, McGorm K, Roberts K, and Elton R. "What factors affect medication-storage practice among patients on methadone maintenance treatment?" International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2009, 17:165-169; http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/ijpp.17.04.0006. Williams W. "States Look at 'Recycling' Medicine for the Poor." The State Journal, 2008, 8 August 3 pp; http://www.allbusiness.com/health-care/healthcare-facilities-nursing/11577091-1.html. Wills B, Reynolds P, Chu E, Murphy C, Cumpston K, Stromberg P, et al. "Clinical Outcomes in Newer Anticonvulsant Overdose: A Poison Center Observational Study." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2014, 10(3):254-260; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13181-014-0384-5. Wills BK, Albinson C, Wahl M, and Clifton J. "Sildenafil citrate ingestion and prolonged priapism and tachycardia in a pediatric patient." Clinical Toxicology 2007, 45(7):798-800; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650701664483. Wilson J, "Forum: Too much of a good thing - John Wilson wonders how many people even start taking the tablets." New Scientist, 28 September, 1991, 1788: http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13117886.100-forum-too-much-of-a-good-thing--john-wilson-wonders-how-many-people-even-starttaking-the-tablets.html. Wilson TN, Weiss LB, Malone JO, and Garnier K. "Physician knowledge and perception of the need for drug disposal guidelines." Osteopathic Family Physician 2011, 3(2):48-52; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.osfp.2010.07.007; (password: FSTRAC2010). Winek CL, Jr. "Tabulation of therapeutic, toxic, and lethal concentrations of drugs and chemicals in blood." Clinical Chemistry 1976, 22(6):832-836; http://www.clinchem.org/content/22/6/832.full.pdf. Winek CL, Wahba WW, Winek Jr CL, and Balzer TW. "Drug and chemical blood-level data 2001." Forensic Science International 2001, 122(2-3):107-123; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00483-2. Wisconsin DNR. "Collecting Unwanted Household Pharmaceuticals." Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, PUB-WA 1023 2006, 9 August, 2006, 7 pp; available: http://dnr.wi.gov/org/aw/wm/publications/anewpub/WA1024.pdf. Wisconsin DNR "Household Pharmaceutical Waste: Recommended Disposal Options for Households." Web Page maintained by Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, 2010, http://ua.dnr.wi.gov/topic/HealthWaste/householdPharm.html. Wisconsin DNR. "Guidance for school nurses on disposal of student medications." Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, 2010. http://dpi.wi.gov/sspw/doc/snmeddisposal.doc. Wisconsin DNR "Safe disposal of non-household pharmaceutical waste." Web Page maintained by Wisconsin DNR, Madison, WI, 2015, http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/HealthWaste/BusinessPharm.html. Wisconsin DOJ. 2015, "Schimel launches prescription drug take back program: DOJ spearheads logistics to facilitate cost savings to law enforcement." Wisconsin Department of Justice, Madison, WI, 18 February, 2 pp; http://www.doj.state.wi.us/media-center/2015-news-releases/february-18-2015.

Wisconsin DOJ. "Schimel Launches Prescription Drug Take Back Program." Wisconsin Department of Justice, Madison, WI, 2015. 2 pp; http://www.doj.state.wi.us/media-center/2015-news-releases/february-18-2015. Wisconsin State Council on Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention Committee. "Reducing Wisconsin’s Prescription Drug Abuse: A Call to Action. Critical steps toward building a healthier Wisconsin." State of Wisconsin, State Council on Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse, Madison, WI, January, 2012, 52 pp; available: http://www.scaoda.state.wi.us/docs/prevandspfsig/FINAL01032012CSWReport.pdf. Wiseman HM, Guest K, Murray VSG, Volans GN, and Group NM. "Accidental Poisoning in Childhood: A Multicentre Survey. 2. The Role of Packaging in Accidents Involving Medications." Human & Experimental Toxicology 1987, 6(4):303-314; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718700600407. Wiseman HM, Guest K, Murray VSG, Volans GN, and Group NM. "Accidental Poisoning in Childhood: A Multicentre Survey. 1. General Epidemiology." Human & Experimental Toxicology 1987, 6(4):293-301; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718700600406. Wistrom BD. 2012, "KDHE seeks to make it easier to dispose of some old prescription drugs." The Wichita Eagle, Wichita, KS, 2 pp; http://www.kansas.com/2012/04/19/2303194/kdhe-seeks-to-make-it-easier-to.html. Witticke D, Seidling HM, Lohmann K, Send AFJ, and Haefeli WE. "Opportunities to Reduce Medication Regimen Complexity." Drug Safety 2013, 36(1):3141; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40264-012-0007-5. Wochok TM. "Drugs, diversion and crime." Proceedings: National Conference on Methadone Treatment 1973, 2:933-934; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4808321. Wold G and Hunskaå r S. "[Use and disposal of drugs at home. Experiences of a community campaign for drug collection]." Tidsskrift Nor Laegeforening 1992, 112(12):1605-1607; http://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/ebm/record/1615518/abstract/ %5BUse_and_disposal_of_drugs_at_home__Experiences_of_a_community_campaign_for_drug_collection%5D. Wolfe LL and Miller MW. "Suspected Secondary Thiafentanil Intoxication in a Captive Mountain Lion (Puma concolor)." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 2005, 41(4):829-833; http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-41.4.829. Wolff T, Dombroski M, and Grutman J. 2014, "Pharmaceutical Hazardous Waste Regulations Bring Compliance Challenges." environmental LEADER, Business Sector Media, LLC, Fort Collins, CO, 20 November, 3 pp; http://www.environmentalleader.com/2014/11/20/pharmaceutical-hazardouswaste-regulations-bring-compliance-challenges/. Wondimu A, Molla F, Demeke B, Eticha T, Assen A, Abrha S, et al. "Household storage of medicines and associated factors in tigray region, northern Ethiopia." PloS One 2015, 10(8):e0135650; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0135650. Wong DC and Curtis LA. "Are 1 or 2 dangerous? Clozapine and olanzapine exposure in toddlers." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2004, 27(3):273277; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2004.06.004. Wongpoowarak P, Wanakamanee U, Panpongtham K, Trisdikoon P, Wongpoowarak W, and Ngorsuraches S. "Unused medications at home - reasons and costs." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2004, 12(3):141-148; http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/0022357044300. Wood KE and Krasowski MD. "An Infant with a Prolonged Sympathomimetic Toxidrome after Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate Ingestion." Journal of Medical Toxicology 2016, 12(4):402-405; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13181-016-0560-x. Woodall A. 2012, "Alameda County set to become first to force drugmakers to take back pharmaceuticals." MercuryNews.com, San Jose Mercury News, San Jose, CA, 28 February, 2 pp; http://www.mercurynews.com/breaking-news/ci_20065618. Woodall KL, Martin TL, and McLellan BA. "Oral Abuse of Fentanyl Patches (Duragesic): Seven Case Reports." Journal of Forensic Sciences 2008, 53(1):222-225; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00597.x. Woodcock J. "A Difficult Balance -- Pain Management, Drug Safety, and the FDA." New England Journal of Medicine 2009, 361(22):2105-2107; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp0908913. Woods M. 2005, "Drugs may outlast label date: Billions may be discarded due to makers' expiration time." post-gazette.com, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Pittsburgh, PA, 30 May, 3 pp; http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/05150/512789-114.stm. Woodward KN. "Veterinary pharmacovigilance – the UK experience." in Veterinary Pharmacovigilance: Adverse Reactions to Veterinary Medicinal Products, Woodward KN, Ed., Wiley-Blackwell; Sussex, UK, 2009, Chapter 6, pp 91-117; doi:10.1002/9781444322958.ch6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444322958.ch6. Woolf A, Burkhart K, Caraccio T, and Litovitz T. "Childhood Poisoning Involving Transdermal Nicotine Patches." Pediatrics 1997, 99(5):e4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.99.5.e4. Woolf AD, Erdman AR, Nelson LS, Caravati EM, Cobaugh DJ, Booze LL, et al. "Tricyclic antidepressant poisoning: an evidence-based consensus guideline for out-of-hospital management*." Clinical Toxicology 2007, 45(3):203-233; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15563650701226192. Woolf AD and Lovejoy FH, Jr. "Epidemiology of Drug Overdose in Children." Drug Safety 1993, 9(4):291-308; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018199309040-00007. Woolf M. "Residual Medicines: a report on OPCS Omnibus Survey data produced on behalf of the Department of Health." Office of Population Censuses and Surveys (UK) (OPCS), London, UK, 1995; http://olib.rpsgb.org/?session=38502244&infile=details.glu&loid=5516&rs=168706&hitno=6.

Woolford CC. "Unused drugs for developing countries." The Lancet 1988, 331(8588):768; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(88)91574-7. Woolfson HH. "The Prevention of Poisoning in Childhood." Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 1981, 6(2):93-99; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.1981.tb00980.x. Woolridge AC, Phillips PS, and Denman AR. "Developing a methodology for the systematic analysis of radioactive healthcare waste generation in an acute hospital in the UK." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2008, 52(10):1198-1208; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2008.06.010. Wotring VE. "Chemical potency and degradation products of medications stored over 550 days at the International Space Station." The AAPS Journal 2016, 18(1):210-216; http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12248-015-9834-5. Wren AE, Melia CD, Garner ST, and Denyer SP. "Decontamination methods for cytotoxic drugs. 1. Use of a bioluminescent technique to monitor the inactivation of methotrexate with chlorine-based agents." Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 1993, 18(2):133-137; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.1993.tb00579.x. Wright A, Falconer J, and Newman C. "Self-administration and reuse of medicines." Paediatric Nursing 2002, 14(6):14-17; http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/paed2002.07.14.6.14.c805. Wu M, Atchley D, Greer L, Janssen S, Rosenberg D, and Sass J. "Dosed without prescription: Preventing pharmaceutical contamination of our nation’s drinking water." National Resources Defense Council (NDRC), New York, New York, December, 2009, 64 pp; available: http://docs.nrdc.org/health/files/hea_10012001a.pdf. Wu PE and Juurlink DN. "Unused prescription drugs should not be treated like leftovers." Canadian Medical Association Journal 2014, 186(11):815-816; http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.140222. Wyld DC. "The Right Prescription: RFID and the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain." in RFID: The Right Frequency for Government, Wyld DC, Ed., IBM Center for The Business of Government; Washington, DC, 2005, pp 44-50; http://www.oksafe.com/files/documents/1/RFID_The_Right_Frequency_for_Government_IBM.pdf. Wysowski DK. "Surveillance of Prescription Drug-Related Mortality Using Death Certificate Data." Drug Safety 2007, 30(6):533-540; http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-200730060-00007. Xiang Y, Zhao W, Xiang H, and Smith GA. "ED visits for drug-related poisoning in the United States, 2007." The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2012, 30(2):293-301; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2010.11.031. Xiao L, Lin X, Cao J, Wang X, and Wu L. "MRI findings in 6 cases of children by inadvertent ingestion of diphenoxylate–atropine." European Journal of Radiology 2011, 79(3):432-436; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2010.03.021. Xie R, Li W-j, Li J, Wu B-l, and Yi J-q. "Emissions investigation for a novel medical waste incinerator." Journal of Hazardous Materials 2009, 166(1):365371; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.11.029. Xie Y and Breen L. "Greening community pharmaceutical supply chain in UK: a cross boundary approach." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 2012, 17(1):40-53; http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598541211212195. Xie Y and Breen L. "A consumer compliant pharmaceutical reverse logistics system for NHS community pharmacies." Logistics Research Network (LRN) Cardiff, UK, 2012, http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Liz_Breen/publication/276274815_A_CONSUMER_COMPLIANT_PHARMACEUTICAL_REVERSE_LOGISTICS_SYST EM_FOR_NHS_COMMUNITY_PHARMACIES/links/55549f2808aeaaff3bf35a74&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm2Yi0IOKvLWcPjp7Oe6JwAc5a58Ow&nossl =1&oi=scholaralrt. Xie Y and Breen L. "Who cares wins? A comparative analysis of household waste medicines and batteries reverse logistics systems – the case of the NHS (UK)." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 2014, 19(4):455-474; www.dx.doi.org/10.1108/SCM-07-2013-0255. Yamamoto H, Takayasu T, Nosaka M, Kimura A, Ishida Y, Kawaguchi T, et al. "Fatal acute intoxication of accidentally ingested nifedipine in an infant – A case report." Legal Medicine 2017, 24:12-18; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.legalmed.2016.11.002. Yanagawa C. "[Measures for the disposal of non-regulated alternative medical wastes: safe handling of cytotoxic drugs]." Rinsho Byori. Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology 2000, Suppl 112:120-128; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10901053?dopt=AbstractPlus. Yang C-C, Wu J-F, Ong H-C, Hung S-C, Kuo Y-P, Sa C-H, et al. "Taiwan National Poison Center: Epidemiologic Data 1985–1993." Clinical Toxicology 1996, 34(6):651-663; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659609013825. Yang CHJ, Doshi M, and Mason NA. "Analysis of Medications Returned during a Medication Take-Back Event ." Pharmacy 2015, 3(3):79-88; http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy3030079. Yang K. 2016, "Medication Waste Attributed to Syringe Dead Space, Abandoned Initial Fills." Pharmacy Times, 6 July, 2 pp; http://www.pharmacytimes.com/contributor/katherine-yang-pharmd-candidate-2018/2016/07/medication-waste-attributed-to-syringe-deadspace-abandoned-initial-fills#sthash.Tr6bNbxf.dpuf. Yang M, Barner JC, and Worchel J. "Factors related to antipsychotic oversupply among central Texas Veterans." Clinical Therapeutics 2007, 29(6):12141225; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2007.06.013.

Yanovitzky I. "The American Medicine Chest Challenge: Evaluation of a Drug Take-Back and Disposal Campaign " Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 2016, 77(4):549-555; http://dx.doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2016.77.549. Yanovitzky I. "A Multiyear Assessment of Public Response to a Statewide Drug Take-Back and Disposal Campaign, 2010 to 2012." Health Education & Behavior 2017, 44(4):590-597; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198116682433. Yarwood B. "AHCA comments to Universal Waste: Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-RCRA-2007-0932." American Health Care Association (AHCA), Washington, DC, 29 January, 2009, 2 pp. Yarwood B. "AHCA comments to Universal Waste: Docket No. DEA-337." American Health Care Association (AHCA), Washington, DC, 30 August, 2010, 85 pp. Yeh BT. "Legal Issues Relating to the Disposal of Dispensed Controlled Substances." Penny Hill Press, Damascus, MD, 26 May, 2010, 14 pp; available: http://www2.pennyhill.com/?p=3496; http://www.pennyhill.com/index.php?lastcat=48&catname=Medicine&viewdoc=R40548. Yeon JH, Lee BR, Lee MK, Lee CK, Jang JK, Suh KH, et al. "Evaluation of Drug Waste Minimization and Drug Disposal [in Korean]." Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea [Yakhak Hoeji] 2009, 53(2):93-100; http://dric.sookmyung.ac.kr/image_lib1/yhhj/5302/530209.pdf. Yepsen O, Contreras D, Santander P, Yaé nã ez J, Mansilla HD, and Amarasiriwardena D. "Photocatalytic degradation of thimerosal in human vaccine's residues and mercury speciation of degradation by-products." Microchemical Journal 2015, 121:41-47; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2015.02.001. Yerasi AB, Butts JD, and Butts JD. "Disposal of used fentanyl patches." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 1997, 54(1):85-86; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9117795. Yip L, Dart RC, and Graham K. "Olanzapine toxicity in a toddler." Pediatrics 1998, 102(6):1494; http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.102.6.1494a. Yodaiken RE and Bennett D. "OSHA work-practice guidelines for personnel dealing with cytotoxic (antineoplastic) drugs. Occupational Safety and Health Administration." American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 1986, 43(5):1193-1204; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3717176. Yohannan S. 2014, "Retailers Call for EPA Clarity on RCRA Treatment of Consumer Products." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/201403192464826/EPA-Daily-News/Daily-News/retailers-call-for-epa-clarity-on-rcra-treatment-ofconsumer-products/menu-id-95.html. Yohannan S. 2015, "Pharmaceutical Sector Urges High Court to Scrap Landmark Take-Back Law." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 12 January, 3 pp; http://insideepa.com/node/177454. Yohannan S. 2015, "EPA Sends RCRA Pharmaceutical Waste Rule to White House for Review." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 20 March, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/daily-news/epa-sends-rcra-pharmaceutical-waste-rule-white-house-review. Yohannan S. 2015, "Business Proponents Ask High Court to Strike down Drug Take-Back Law." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 13 February, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/daily-news/business-proponents-ask-high-court-strike-down-drug-take-back-law. Yohannan S. 2016, "Proponents Tout Drug Take-Back Bill despite Likely Industry Opposition." Inside EPA.com, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 15 March, 2 pp; http://insideepa.com/daily-news/proponents-tout-drug-take-back-bill-despite-likely-industry-opposition. Yong Z, Gang X, Guanxing W, Tao Z, and Dawei J. "Medical waste management in China: A case study of Nanjing." Waste Management 2009, 29(4):13761382; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.10.023. Young D. "Improper discard of toxic drugs hurts environment, leads to fines." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2001, 58(17):1576-1578; http://www.ajhp.org/cgi/content/abstract/58/18/1702-b. Young SR, Joseph MA, Briggs RT, Gorman CN, Malcolm WS, Nova MR, et al. "DoD Management of Pharmaceutical Inventory and Processing of Returned Pharmaceuticals - an IG Audit." Department of Defense, Office of the Inspector General, Arlington, VA, D-2004-087, 17 June, 2004, 67 pp; available: http://www.dodig.mil/audit/reports/fy04/04087sum.htm; http://www.dodig.mil/audit/reports/fy04/04-087.pdf. Yousif MA. "In-home drug storage and utilization habits: a Sudanese study." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2002, 8(2-3):422-431; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15339133; http://applications.emro.who.int/emhj/0802_3/emhj_2002_8_2_3_422_431.pdf?ua=1. Yu K, Rho J, Morcos M, Nomura J, Kaplan D, Sakamoto K, et al. "Evaluation of dedicated infectious diseases pharmacists on antimicrobial stewardship teams." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2014, 71(12):1019-1028; http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp130612. Yuan P-C. "Pharmaceutical Waste: Best Management." Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, 2009 or later; http://www.jsums.edu/cset/ejgrant/files/Pharmaceutical_Waste_Powerpoint(72109).pps. Yuki M, Sekine S, Takase K, Ishida T, and Sessink PJ. "Exposure of family members to antineoplastic drugs via excreta of treated cancer patients." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 2013, 19(3):208-217; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155212459667. Yuki M, Takase K, Sekine S, and Ishida T. "Evaluation of surface contamination with cyclophosphamide in the home setting of outpatients on cancer chemotherapy." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 2014, 4(10):16-23; http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v4n10p16.

Yust E and Slattery A. "Cold and Cough Medications for Children: Dangerous and Over the Counter!" Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine 2012, 13(4):292-299; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpem.2012.09.007. Zabczyné ski S, Buntner D, and Miksch K. "Report of new strategies for minimise PPs discharge." KNAPPE: Knowledge and Need Assessment on Pharmaceutical Products in Environmental Waters, 2008, 52 pp; available: http://www.knappe-eu.org/fichiers/45-D2%202_Report%20of%20new %20strategies%20for%20minimise%20PPs%20discharge.pdf. Zargarzadeh AH, Tavakoli N, and Hassanzadeh A. "A survey on the extent of medication storage and wastage in urban Iranian households." Clinical Therapeutics 2005, 27(6):970-978; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2918(05)00122-0. Zed PJ, Haughn C, Black KJL, Fitzpatrick EA, Ackroyd-Stolarz S, Murphy NG, et al. "Medication-Related Emergency Department Visits and Hospital Admissions in Pediatric Patients: A Qualitative Systematic Review." The Journal of Pediatrics 2013, 163(2):477-483; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.01.042. Zhang H, Huang Y, Li G, Wang G, Fang D, Song Y, et al. "Preparation of Er3+:Y3Al5O12/WO3-KNbO3 composite and application in treatment of methamphetamine under ultrasonic irradiation." Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 2017, 35, Part A:473-488; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.11.004. Zhang Y, Baicker K, and Newhouse JP. "Geographic Variation in Medicare Drug Spending." New England Journal of Medicine 2010, 363(5):405-409; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1004872. Zhao W, van der Voet E, Huppes G, and Zhang Y. "Comparative life cycle assessments of incineration and non-incineration treatments for medical waste." The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 2009, 14(2):114-121; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11367-008-0049-1. Zhou F, Yiu Y, and Guo H-c. "The Key Parameters in Incineration Disposal of Medical Wastes." Research of Environmental Sciences 2005, 3; http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-HJKX200503006.htm. Zielinska E. "Just Throw Them Out: Researchers determine that the best way to get rid of unused pharmaceuticals with the least amount of environmental impact is to drop them in the garbage." The Scientist 2012, 17 May; http://the-scientist.com/2012/05/17/just-throw-them-out/. Zimmer C. 2012, "Pharmaceutical Waste: Best Waste Practice takes a safer route for health care systems." Greenhealth, GreenHealthMagazine.org, 4 October, 3 pp; http://greenhealthmagazine.org/pharmaceutical-waste/. Zorpas AA, Dimitriou M, and Voukkali I. "Disposal of household pharmaceuticals in insular communities: social attitude, behaviour evaluation and prevention activities." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2017, In press; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9551-y. Zubiaur O, Salazar J, Azkunaga B, and Mintegi S. "Therapeutic psychotropic drugs: Most common cause of unintentional poisoning in children." Anales de Pediatría (English Edition) 2015, 83(4):244-247; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anpede.2015.08.005.