Viral Pharyngitis About this topic Viral pharyngitis is also known as a sore throat. It is an infection of the throat caused by a tiny germ called a virus. A sore throat can easily spread from person to person. Coughing, sneezing, and touching something with the germ on it spreads the sore throat. Viral infections most often go away after 7 to 10 days. You may not need any treatment. Some can cause very serious health problems.

What are the causes? A germ called a virus causes this condition.

What can make this more likely to happen? You are more likely to get viral pharyngitis with a cold or the flu. These illnesses spread easily from one person to another. You are more likely to have a sore throat if you have a weak immune system.

What are the main signs? Sore throat. May also have trouble swallowing or breathing. Swollen tonsils or glands Muscle aches and joint pain Feeling tired Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher

How does the doctor diagnose this health problem? Your doctor will take your history and do an exam. Your doctor will look at your throat. The doctor may order a throat swab to test for a strep infection.

How does the doctor treat this health problem? There is no specific treatment to cure a virus. Antibiotics will not work. The goal will be to treat your signs. Most often, this problem gets better within 7 to 10 days. Your doctor may suggest: Gargle with warm salt water a few times each day. Mix 1/2 teaspoon salt with a cup of warm water.

Suck on hard candy or cough drops. Use a cool mist humidifier to help you breathe easier. Do not smoke. Stay away from others who are smoking.

What drugs may be needed? The doctor may order drugs to: Help with pain Soothe the throat Lower fever

What changes to diet are needed? If your throat feels too sore to eat solid foods, you may drink water, juice, milk, milkshakes, or soups. Do not drink sports drinks, soft drinks, undiluted fruit juice, or drinks with a lot of sugar. These may cause fluid loss and throat irritation. Stay away from caffeine; acidic juices like orange juice or lemonade; and beer, wine, and mixed drinks (alcohol). These can worsen your signs.

What problems could happen? Ear or sinus infection Asthma attack Lung problems like pneumonia or bronchitis Severe fluid loss. This is dehydration.

What can be done to prevent this health problem? Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 15 seconds, especially after coughing or sneezing. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers also work to kill germs. If you are sick, cover your mouth and nose with tissue when you cough or sneeze. You can also cough into your elbow. Throw away tissues in the trash and wash your hands after touching used tissues. Do not get too close (kissing, hugging) to people who are sick. Avoid going to crowded places. Avoid sharing your towels or hankies with anyone who is sick. Clean often handled things like door handles, remotes, toys, and phones. Wipe them with a disinfectant. Do not share knives and forks or drinking glasses with someone who has a sore throat. Wash these objects with hot, soapy water. Get at least 6 to 8 hours of sleep each night. Get a flu shot each year.

Where can I learn more? FamilyDoctor.org http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/sore-throat.printerview.all.html NHS Choices http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Sore-throat/Pages/Introduction.aspx

Last Reviewed Date 2014-01-17

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