Workbook audio scripts Extra listening and speaking Unit 1

WB page 77

3t2

Birth order I = Interviewer C = Carol Stein I Are you the oldest, middle or youngest child in your family? Are you an only child? On today’s Family Matters programme we discuss the effect that birth order may have on our personality and the relationships we have with others. My guest this morning is psychiatrist Dr Carol Stein. Dr Stein, I’m an only child. Does that mean you know everything about my character? C Of course not! All families are different. I’m here to tell listeners about some common theories about birth order, but of course there are many, many exceptions to these theories and other factors which can affect who we are. I Well, it’s certainly a fascinating subject. Let’s start with firstborn children. C First-born, or oldest, children enjoy their parents’ exclusive attention for the first few years of their lives. Then a new baby comes along and suddenly they’re no longer number one. This can leave them with a need to be liked by their parents and teachers. As a result, they’re often very hard-working and successful academically. I I’ve heard that first-borns are often more intelligent than younger siblings. Is that true? C They often do better in intelligence tests but not because they’re genetically more intelligent. It’s more often because they’ve had more attention from parents in their studies and also because they’ve taken on the role of teacher for their younger siblings. Helping others with their homework improves their own intelligence skills. I What about when first-borns grow up? C First-borns have had the experience of watching their parents care for their younger siblings and maybe even helped them look after them. All this observation and experience makes them warm and caring as adults. They are often good at organizing things and people and this make others want to put them in control. I How about middle children? What can you tell us? C When the next child or children are born the parents are more relaxed and confident about what they’re doing. This rubs off on the child so middle children tend to be more relaxed themselves. Also, because they’ve grown up surrounded by older or younger siblings, they’re used to being with people their own age and find it easy to make friends with them. I What about middle children’s performance at school? C Well, there are many exceptions, but middle children often concentrate on areas where the first-born hasn’t done so well. So since the first-born probably did well in more academic subjects at school, the middle child is likely to focus more on the arts and sports.

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I And what about middle children’s behaviour at home? C Well, middle children are often stuck in the middle of arguments between older and younger siblings who each want things done their way. When this happens it’s often the middle child who tries to help everybody be friends again. Another thing is that because middle children rarely spend time alone with their parents, they have to get their parents’ attention in other ways – often by wearing unconventional clothes, make-up or having an extreme hairstyle. I Let’s move on to youngest or ‘last-born’ children … C Youngest children are often charming, friendly and good at getting what they want. As the baby of the family, they may be spoilt. This means they have fewer responsibilities and more opportunities for fun. But the downside of being the baby of the family is that they aren’t always taken seriously or given the independence they really want. I What about when last-born children are older? C Because they’re used to being looked after by their parents and older brothers and sisters it can come as a shock when they have to deal with life’s challenges on their own. The good thing about being a youngest child is that their parents are more relaxed about what they expect from them. That often means that they choose a career that is different from other members of the family. I And finally, what can you tell us about only children? C Like first-borns, only children enjoy lots of attention from their parents. So they’re often confident, hardworking and good at communicating clearly because of the amount of time they spend with adults. But for some children, the pressure that their parents put them under to succeed can be a great cause of stress. I Well, Dr Stein, however strange these theories are, there certainly seems to be some logic behind them. Thank you for joining us.

Unit 2

WB page 78

3t3

Birding – a cool new hobby? I = Interviewer T = Tom Vito I Once considered to be a very unfashionable pastime, birdwatching – or ‘birding’ as it’s become known – now attracts millions of enthusiasts of all ages. Here to talk about this recent rise in interest and his own experience as a birder is Tom Vito. Tom is the author of several guides on the subject of birding and has appeared regularly as a guest on the popular TV programme, Nature Watch. So, Tom, why do you think birding has become so popular in recent years? T Well, one reason is that nowadays, thanks to webcam technology, people are able to see incredible live close-up images on TV and the internet of birds breeding and nesting and I guess that kind of gets people interested. Also, well-known musicians like Jarvis Cocker and the band Elbow have publicized the fact that they’re keen birders, along with various other famous people, which I’m sure is the chief explanation as to why it’s starting to be seen as a cool hobby. I Tell us about your own interest in birdwatching. When did it all begin? T I’ve been a birder for as long as I can remember. My parents always used to joke that I was born holding a pair of binoculars! I was always fascinated by bird behaviour, despite being surrounded by non-birders in the area of east London where I grew up. I didn’t actually meet another birder until I was ten and by then I’d already gained a huge knowledge of the birds of Britain and Europe. I So what happened next? T Well, one of the good things about birding is that you don’t have to go anywhere special to observe birds – you just have to step outdoors. But as I got older and more independent, I was able to travel further afield and often cycled out of the city to observe birds in their rural habitats. As a sixteen-year-old I remember sometimes cycling with my friend Peter all the way to a bird observatory on an island just off the east coast. They were some of the best experiences ever. I What about rare bird watching? Did you use to do that? T Oh yes, but we’re talking 20 years ago and things were totally different. Rare birds did turn up, of course, but you only found out about it several months later when you read about it in a bird magazine. Nowadays, with modern technology like handheld computers and smart phones, you get instant updates from other birders to tell you a rare bird’s been seen. Also, in those days, when you did see a rare bird, you checked it against pictures in your pocket guidebook, but they were so oldfashioned and unclear, it was almost impossible to tell which bird it was. I I understand that there’s a big event called the Bird Fair. Can you tell us something about that?

T Sure, well, it’s the event of the year for birders. It’s held every August and about 20,000 people from around the world meet in the English county of Rutland. At the fair people can attend talks, see the latest optical equipment and sign up for birding holidays in places as diverse and exotic as Tobago, California, New Zealand and Vietnam. And what’s great is that some of the money from the entry tickets goes towards bird conservation projects. I You’ve written a few books already, but can you tell us about your latest book? T Well, it’s a book about water birds, the sort you see near lakes and reservoirs. It’s for people who love being outside watching birds, but still have a lot to learn about them. It gives factual information, clear enough for anyone to understand, young or old, and it’s written in a light-hearted tone, you know, not too serious … I hope! I Well, it certainly sounds interesting. And finally then, what’s your next project, Tom? T Well, I’ve travelled the UK from coast to coast now, and seen all sorts of rare and wonderful birds in the countryside, but I never cease to be amazed by the variety of birdlife to be found in our urban centres. So my next mission is to try to get people who don’t live in the country excited about discovering the bird species that live right on their doorstep in gardens and parks. I Well, good luck with your mission Tom, thanks for talking to us.

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Workbook audio scripts T155

Unit 3

WB page 79

3t4

Taking a gap year I = Interviewer B = Ben Norton I Taking a ‘gap year’ – time off between finishing school and starting university – is common in a number of European countries. Some people choose to spend the time doing paid or voluntary work in their own countries. Others see it as an opportunity to work abroad. On today’s programme, we speak to medical student Ben Norton, who spent a year working as a football coach in Ghana before beginning his university course. Ben, what made you decide to take a gap year? B Well, my ultimate aim is to become a doctor. It’s something I’ve always had my mind set on and I know I need to study really hard for several years to qualify. But it’s an incredibly hard career to break into and you need to be able to offer something that others haven’t got. I was told that doing a gap year could give me a competitive advantage over other people, you know, because it shows that you can be independent, take initiative and that sort of thing. So that’s why I did it. I How did your parents feel about you going? B My dad was cool about it, though I think he was a bit worried that once I’d got out of the habit of studying I’d find it hard to get into it again. My mum wasn’t so keen on the idea. It’s not that she was worried that anything bad would happen to me out there. She knows I’m sensible and trusted me not to come to any harm. She was more concerned I might enjoy myself too much and decide to stay out there long-term. That’s what one of her friend’s sons did, you see. I And why Ghana? B Well, I’d signed up with a company that organizes voluntary work programmes for gap year students. One of the jobs they offered was teaching kids football, just the kind of thing I thought I’d benefit from. They had coaching jobs available in India and Ghana. I’d always wanted to visit India, so I applied for that, but the job had already been taken, by a friend of mine actually! But to be honest, I’m so pleased I went to Ghana. It was fantastic, despite the heat. I Now it isn’t cheap, is it, taking a gap year? B No it isn’t, and actually, I spent a year saving up and then a year in Ghana, so I actually had two gap years really. The way it works is that you pay the company to organize the programme, and the cost includes living and eating with a local host family. On top of that, I had to pay for my air travel but not travel insurance. I So how did you save up in that first year after leaving school? B Well, my dad, who owns a furniture factory, offered me work in his office, but I didn’t fancy that. Instead I took a job working in a café. That’s how I saved up the majority of the money and then I topped it up with a bit of building work. I also sold some of my old stuff – clothes, books – on the internet. I didn’t get masses but every little helps!

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I Going back to your job as a football coach in Ghana, what did that involve? B I was an assistant coach actually. Many clubs have just one coach for groups of 20 to 30 boys, so they needed help. My work involved coaching for two hours in the morning and two hours in the afternoon. The rest of the day was spent planning training sessions and assisting with team selection. I also helped out a bit writing stuff for the club’s website, you know, match reports, news stories, that kind of thing. I And what did you gain from taking a gap year? B It was the first time I’d ever had to stand on my own two feet, you know, manage my money and make my own travel arrangements in a country which is so different from my own and where it’s not always straightforward to do even the simplest things. So starting university in another town has been really easy for me this year. Now I really believe in myself and feel I can take on any challenge. That’s been the single biggest gain for me. I So you’d recommend going on a gap year, despite the cost. B Definitely. I Ben, thanks very much.

Unit 4

WB page 80

3t5

Interview with a novelist I = Interviewer K = Kathy Herzog I On tonight’s Book Club programme I’m delighted to welcome Kathy Herzog, author of six best-selling novels including Golden Light, which has sold over ten million copies worldwide. So Kathy, did you come from a family of book-lovers? K I guess I did. My father always had his nose in a book and was particularly keen on crime novels. During school holidays my brother and I used to stay with our grandparents, and every evening our grandfather would read to us from Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings. That’s when I developed a real passion for fantasy adventure stories. I When did you first decide to become a writer? K At school I won various creative writing prizes, but didn’t write my first novel until I was at university. I really wanted to be a professional novelist but knew it was a risky career, so I went into teaching instead and wrote novels in my spare time. Well, one did get published and became a bestseller. I realized then I could pursue my dream career after all! I Where do you do your writing? K Mostly in a small office in my attic, which looks out onto the rooftops opposite. There’s nothing there but an armchair, where I sit with my laptop. I also own a farmhouse in northern Spain, where I go for two months a year. It’s a fabulous place to work, with beautiful views and no internet to distract me, like it does at home. I Your novel Through the Gate has been made into a film. What do you think of the film? K When the producers approached me to suggest turning my book into a film, I was delighted. I mean, it’s every novelist’s dream, isn’t it? I was also aware that film adaptations from books can be disappointing, but I have to say, it fulfilled all my expectations, even though time limitations meant they’d had to cut some important scenes. I Would you ever consider writing a script for TV? K Interesting question and, though I’m a fan of good TV dramas, it’s not something I see myself doing. The thing is, TV producers want to know everything about a plot before you start writing and essentially, that’s not the way I operate. I tend to make things up as I go along. I’m far too disorganized to be a good scriptwriter! I Like all authors you occasionally get negative reviews from critics. Do those bother you? K You know, some book critics think it’s their job to write negative reviews. Maybe they think it makes them look clever. I’ve got a few writer friends who make sure they never read reviews because they’re so upsetting. But quite honestly, all that really matters to me is what my readers think, so no, they don’t bother me.

I Is there anything you don’t enjoy about being a writer? K As a writer you spend hours sitting down and there’s a danger of becoming unfit. So I now make sure I get some form of daily exercise, whether it’s going for a bike ride or a swim. The toughest thing, really, is that I have too much work to do and often end up working into the evenings. A lot of writers complain that it’s a lonely job but that’s not an issue for me. I You’re quite a celebrity now. How does that feel? K I’m a well-known face in my city. People have seen my photo in newspapers or watched me on television or whatever and occasionally when I’m at a party someone will say something like: ‘My wife’s cousin saw you buying flowers the other day – who were they for?’ But generally people leave me to get on with my daily life. I What advice would you give someone who wants to be a writer? K I’d say the most important thing is to get into the habit of putting something down on paper every day, even when you don’t feel like it. Secondly, ignore anyone who tells you to write what you think the public wants. Your aim is to give them something they’d never have thought of. I Finally, what are you up to next? K Well, I’m off to Scotland tomorrow to interview an expert on nineteenth-century medicine. The hero of my next novel is a doctor, you see, and it’s set in the past. Then I’m heading to Ireland to give a talk at a literary festival. I enjoy doing that because not only does it help sell books but it gives me a chance to meet my readers. I Thank you Kathy, it’s been great talking to you. K Thank you.

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Workbook audio scripts T157

Unit 5

WB page 81

3t6

On top of the world I = Interviewer C = Chris Mayhew I Today’s guest is Chris Mayhew, who last year fulfilled his lifelong ambition of climbing Mount Everest. As well as being a keen adventurer, Chris is passionate about protecting the environment and was determined to make his climb as green as possible. More on that later. So, Chris, when did you first think of climbing Everest? C I was on a school adventure trip in Nepal. The rest of the group had gone walking in the mountains but I’d stayed back at the camp because I was really unwell. I was lying there and I could see Everest in the far distance through the window and I just knew I had to climb it one day. I remember a friend saying he couldn’t imagine why anyone would want to do that, but I did. I So when did the idea become a reality? When did you actually do the climb? C I’d originally intended to do it during my gap year. That way it wouldn’t interrupt my university studies, but my girlfriend at the time talked me out of it, fortunately. I know I wasn’t mature enough to take on the challenge then. So I actually did it two years after graduating. It meant quitting my job, but luckily it wasn’t hard to find employment after the climb. I How did you prepare for it? C I trained constantly – on my own, because I enjoy that – for eighteen months. I’d alternate between running and walking. So one day I’d go running at different speeds, and the next day I’d walk 20 miles with 25 kilos on my back. I also did meditation every day, which taught me to control my mental thoughts. I couldn’t have managed the physical pain of the climb if I hadn’t done that. I And what motivated you to take on this extraordinary challenge? C Well, I wasn’t trying to beat other climbers to become ‘the youngest’ or ‘the fastest’ or whatever. I just wanted to prove to myself I had the physical and mental capacity to reach the highest point on Earth. But that wasn’t my only reason for doing it. I also wanted to raise money – through sponsorship – for an environmental charity which aims to raise awareness of how climate change is damaging Mount Everest and the areas around it. The ice is melting and that affects many thousands of people living at the base of the mountain. I That’s a serious problem. But the climbers also cause environmental damage by leaving rubbish on the mountain, don’t they? C Well, Everest is known as the highest rubbish dump in the world, so the piles of empty containers and old equipment that we passed came as no surprise, but it was a really depressing sight. My climbing team, of course, brought all our rubbish back down with us. In fact, local campaigners have recently introduced a system offering climbers cash for every kilo of rubbish they bring back and it seems to be working.

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I So what else did you do to make your climbing experience more green? C When climbers fly to Nepal, they often bring heavy cases of special food to eat during their climb. I believe if you have to fly, you should carry as little as possible, to save aeroplane fuel. So I bought all the food for my climb locally. Also, our team used special solar cookers, which you just point at the sun and 30 minutes later your water’s boiling. I It’s great that some climbers are being responsible at least. So, tell us how you felt when you reached the summit? C I was just stunned by the incredible view of the whole world that was below me. And I was lucky because the sky that day was crystal clear. Not a cloud in sight. I felt thrilled to have reached the top and to know how proud my family were of me. I can’t say I felt relieved because I knew I still had to get down the mountain and that can be the most dangerous part. I So what next? What about climbing K2, the second biggest mountain in the world? C K2 may be the second highest mountain in the world but it’s far more dangerous to climb than Everest and I wouldn’t attempt it in a million years! Not because of the altitude but because it often has severe storms that last days. It’s also technically harder to climb because it’s steeper. No, if anything, I’d like to climb Everest again, perhaps with my future son or daughter. But that’s a long, long time away!

Unit 6

WB page 82

3t7

Ironwoman I = Interviewer A = Anna Thomas I If you think running a marathon sounds challenging, imagine doing a two-hour swim, followed by a 180 km bike ride and then doing a marathon! That’s what’s involved in the world’s biggest triathlon event: the Ironman. In today’s programme, we talk to Anna Thomas, who’s completed two Ironman triathlons, the first in her home country of Wales, the next in France, and is currently training for Ironman Florida. Anna, tell us what happens in an Ironman triathlon? A Sure, well, it’s a long-distance race for men and women (despite the name!) and it’s in three parts. First, there’s a 3.8 km swim; next you cycle a distance of 180 kilometres; and then you do your full marathon, which is about 45 kilometres. So, pretty exhausting! The race starts at seven a.m. and has to be completed by midnight. I So how did you get into triathlon? A It all started with my first marathon. I’d just graduated after a four-year university course. I’d put on a few kilos over that time and I wanted to do something about that so I thought ‘I know, I’ll do a marathon’. I didn’t do much training and I wasn’t trying to raise funds for anything. I just did it. And basically, I got hooked on running after that. I And then what? A Then I did something really silly. I was on a skiing holiday with friends and we were messing around doing ski jumps. I did a jump, landed awkwardly and ended up breaking my foot badly, which meant I couldn’t run for several months. So I took up swimming instead and it was actually my swimming instructor who said ‘Have you ever thought about doing a triathlon?’ I And why did your swimming coach recommend that? A Triathlon, especially the Ironman triathlon, is a test of your body’s strength, speed and stamina. But to complete a race you need to have extraordinary strength of mind. Not everyone has that and that’s what my coach spotted in me. I So what’s the hardest part of the Ironman? A The first part, when you enter the water with everyone else, is fairly scary. You’ve got the whole race ahead of you and you don’t know how it’s going to go. But the toughest part is when you get off the bike and start running. Your legs are like jelly. People often assume the last few kilometres must be the hardest but once you get your ‘running legs’ going it’s OK. I You must suffer a lot of physical pain. How do you take your mind off it? A There are times when the pain’s almost unbearable. Some competitors deal with it by building a mental image of themselves reaching the finishing line and the amazing feeling that comes with that. I find it more effective to block out pain by having song lyrics going round and round in my head. Some top athletes say they actually enjoy the pain. I can’t imagine ever being able to do that.

I With such an intensive sport it must be easy to injure yourself. A True. I’ve been lucky enough not to have a serious injury, apart from the skiing one of course! I try to prevent injuries by having weekly massages and doing stretches on a daily basis. Occasionally I have a bath in ice too. Not much fun but I’m sure it works! I What about food and drink during the race? A You have to get the right balance. Too little leaves you dehydrated and lacking energy, too much and you’re uncomfortable. I have a huge jam sandwich two hours before the race and then energy drinks at regular intervals during the race. You can drink most while cycling because you’re sitting down and can digest it more easily. I reduce the amount I drink towards the end of the cycling so I don’t have too much liquid inside me at the start of the run. I Finally, any tips for anyone thinking of doing triathlon? A Well, first, you need to plan your training. One swim, bike and run per week is the minimum you can do. Work on your balance and overall body strength. This is really important for the transition stages, you know, when you go from swimming to cycling and cycling to running. And, finally, swim in open water whenever you can, otherwise the open water will be a shock on race day. Unlike a swimming pool, it’s black, cold and very deep! I Goodness. Well, thanks for coming on the programme and good luck with your next race.

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Workbook audio scripts T159

Unit 7

WB page 83

3t8

The vegetable that changed the world I = Interviewer L = Lucy Boyle I Today on The Food Programme we’re going to talk about a vegetable that has changed the course of history. It has influenced popular culture and saved people from starvation. Yes, we’re talking about … the potato. Lucy Boyle, who teaches nutritional science and writes a blog dedicated to the humble vegetable, is with me today. Can you start by telling us how the story of the potato began? L Sure, well, the first people to cultivate the potato were the Inca civilization in southern Peru. This started between three and seven thousand years ago, although scientists believe potatoes may have been found in the wild as long as thirteen thousand years ago. The potatoes were dried in the cold mountain air and stored under the ground where they could stay for ten years without losing their goodness. I And it was the Spanish that first brought the potato over to Europe, wasn’t it? L That’s right, the Spanish conquistadors first came into contact with the potato when they went to Peru in 1532 in search of gold. They didn’t realize what an important discovery potatoes were, but they did take some onto their ships as food supplies for their return journey. When the potato arrived in Spain, a few Spanish farmers began to cultivate them, but mainly as food for their animals. And then, very slowly, potatoes spread to Italy and other European countries during the late 1500s. I How did the rest of Europe react to potatoes? L Most people were very suspicious of them and had no interest in trying them. In their view, potatoes were an ugly shape and didn’t smell of anything, so why would they want to eat them? Some people were frightened of them because they look like a poisonous plant called ‘deadly nightshade’. They believed potatoes were the creation of witches! I When were the benefits of potatoes eventually recognized here in Britain? L Not until the end of the eighteenth century. Before that time the British diet consisted mainly of meat, bread, butter and cheese. Then in 1795, during a period of food shortages, the British government published a leaflet about the benefits of growing and eating potatoes. Shortly afterwards the Times newspaper printed articles all about the benefits of potatoes, as well as recipes. Then in 1796 the first cookery book with potato recipes appeared. I What were the effects of increased potato consumption in Europe? L Well, because potatoes grow much more easily than other crops there was more food available and so fewer people died of starvation. Also, potatoes have a high nutritional value. They not only helped people to fight against serious illnesses like tuberculosis and dysentery, but they also led to an increase in birth rate. As a result, there was an enormous growth in population.

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I Potatoes played a very important part in the history of Ireland, didn’t they? L Yes, that’s right. Potatoes grew particularly well in Ireland and its people became extremely dependent on them for food. But in the years between 1845 and 1852 the potato plants were hit by a disease called potato blight and the plants didn’t grow. About a million people died of starvation and another million left the country. During those years the population of Ireland fell by about 25%. So as you say, the potato had a huge influence on the history of Ireland. I So the potato has been a kind of super-food throughout history, that has saved people from disease and starvation. What about nowadays? Are they still as popular as they were? L Well, both in the Britain and the USA potato consumption has decreased considerably in the last ten years or so. It’s because the potato has had bad publicity in recent years. Many weight loss diets forbid potatoes because of their high carbohydrate content. But this is unfair. It’s not the potatoes themselves that make people fat, but the way that they are eaten, you know, fried or mashed with butter. But to be honest, I don’t think potato producers have anything to worry about because people love them too much! I I think you’re right. In fact I could just do with a hot jacket potato right now. Lucy, thanks very much for talking to us.

Unit 8

WB page 84

3t9

Ayapaneco – a dying language J = Joe Canter T = Tessa Jinks J Hello and welcome to this week’s Language Matters. I’m Joe Canter and the subject of this today’s programme is disappearing languages. We’re going to hear all about a language called Ayapaneco which is in serious danger of dying out. But first of all, some facts and figures: There are around 6,000 living languages in the world. But it’s estimated that between 500 and 1,000 of these are spoken by only a handful of people. This means that they are endangered. Every year the world loses around 25 mother tongues. That equates to 250 in a decade which, for many people, is a very sad fact. Languages disappear for many reasons. Some die because their speakers suffer a disaster such as floods, earthquakes, starvation or disease. Others are lost because they’ve been banned by the government. However, most languages disappear because their speakers choose not to speak them. If people associate a language with progress and success, they will speak it. Some people might say, So, does it matter? Why is it so important to save a dying language? Well, because languages can teach us so much about a people’s traditions, history, stories and knowledge. Let me give you an example. They say that over 80% of the Earth’s plants are unknown in the western world. But the speakers of endangered languages know and use these plants. Saving their language can help the rest of the world learn about these things. One of the latest languages to reach the point of near extinction is the language of Ayapaneco. Speaking to us live from our studio in Mexico is our reporter Tessa Jinks. Tessa, what can you tell us about it? T Hi, Joe, well the language of Ayapaneco has been spoken in the land that we now call Mexico for many centuries. It has survived the Spanish conquest, civil wars, revolutions and a series of natural disasters, but is now at risk of extinction. Basically, there are just two people left who can speak it. The problem is they’re not on speaking terms. Manuel Segovia, aged 75, and Isidro Velasquez, 69, live 500 metres apart from each other in the village of Ayapa in the Mexican state of Tabasco. Nobody is sure whether they’ve had an argument or whether they’ve just never enjoyed each other’s company. Manuel Segovia tried to keep Ayapaneco alive by talking to his brother in it, but he died ten years ago. He continues to use it with his wife and son who can understand but are unable to say more than a few simple words back. Ayapaneco was first put at risk in the 1930s, when the indigenous children in Mexico were forbidden to speak anything other than Spanish. Then in the 1970s many people left their villages in search of better opportunities in the cities. This resulted in the break-up of the main community of Ayapaneco speakers. So really, it’s quite amazing that the language has survived this long.

The name Ayapaneco was actually invented by outsiders. Speakers of the language call it ‘Nuumte Oote’ which translates as ‘True Voice’. Manuel Segovia and Isidro Velazquez speak different versions of the language, which may well help to explain why they don’t talk to each other. The good news is that there are various campaigns to save the language before it’s too late. A group of linguists from Indiana, USA, are currently producing a dictionary of Ayapaneco, which will come out later in the year. Also, the National Indigenous Language Institute is planning to set up classes in Ayapaneco. This is not the first attempt; lessons have been held in the past but have failed because of lack of funding. Let’s hope they’ll be more successful this time. As far as the future of Ayapaneco is concerned, it’s obviously unlikely to become the language of communication, but the new dictionary will at least ensure that the language never disappears from human memory and will always be available for linguistic research. J Thanks very much for that report Tessa. Well, that brings us now to the end of our programme. Next week we’ll be talking about …

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Unit 9

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A life in travel I = Interviewer A = Alice Carlisle I Welcome to The Travel Programme. This week we continue with our special feature ‘My Life in Travel’, where we interview a famous person about their travel experiences. This week I’m delighted to welcome TV news presenter Alice Carlisle. So first of all Alice, can you tell us, what’s your first holiday memory? A It was a family holiday when I was about four. We flew to Menorca, where my parents had rented a really nice villa. What I remember most were the constant blue skies, going out on a little fishing boat and being given chocolate ice cream for the first time. My younger sister, Carrie, was born shortly after, and my parents could no longer afford luxury holidays so it was camping trips from then on. I What about your best holiday abroad? A New Zealand. I went a few years ago to visit a friend who was working there and I thought it was completely magical. She took time off to travel with me and we started in the North Island, where we stayed in a little hotel in a valley and our door opened right onto a gorgeous blue lake. That was beautiful, but it wasn’t till we flew to the South Island that we realized just how stunning the scenery could get. The highlight of the South Island was when we flew in a light aircraft over Mount Cook. Amazing! I Wow … and what’s your favourite place in Britain? A It’s called Inverkirkaig, an incredibly remote area in the north of Scotland. I discovered it a few years ago and fell in love with it. It’s so peaceful and beautiful. I sometimes sit on the pebble beach for hours watching the waves and the seabirds looking for their dinner. The walking there is fabulous and you can walk to the base of a really interesting-shaped mountain called Suilven. I And what’s been your worst travel experience? A Morocco. I think I planned it the wrong way round. I started off trekking in the Atlas mountains, which was lovely and peaceful with little more to do than enjoy the stunning views, and then went to the city of Marrakech, which I found hectic, chaotic, noisy and not at all relaxing. I would be interested in going back and giving it another try because so many of my friends love it. Perhaps I just wasn’t in the right mood for it at the time. I So what about the people that you go with? What makes an ideal travelling companion? A I suppose it’s someone who, like me, enjoys physical activity but won’t make me do anything too adventurous, and certainly not someone who’s into clubbing all night. Somebody who’s got interesting things to say about the history, geography or culture of the places we’re seeing but not someone who never stops talking. The other thing is, I love camping in the wild, you know, without basic facilities, as much as staying in posh hotels, so they’d need to be comfortable with that.

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I How do you feel about flying? A I’m not one of those passengers who panics whenever an aeroplane makes a strange noise or there’s a bit of turbulence. I don’t exactly love flying but if you want to go somewhere different and exciting it’s often the only way to get there. Most people I know find long-haul flights the hardest, but I find those the most relaxing. I love that feeling of not having to do anything except watch films, eat food, have a drink and sleep. I What do you read on holiday? A Although I’m an avid reader, when it comes to travelling, I’m usually too busy to pick up a book. My last holiday was an exception though. I read The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo, which I found on a hotel bookshelf. As a general rule I’m not a fan of best-selling fiction but I read it, and loved it so much that I bought another one by the same author at the airport on the way back. I And finally, what have you learned from your travels? A That you can get by with very little stuff. My travelling companions always laugh at me because my luggage is too heavy to lift. I’ve also come to realize that over-planning as well as over-packing is not a good idea. I used to spend weeks researching trips but actually the best times I’ve had on holiday have been when I’ve just come across interesting things, like markets or monuments, by accident. I That sounds like good advice for our listeners Alice, thanks for coming on the show.

Real English Unit 1

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Conversation starters Mt = Matt Ly = Lily Le = Lianne Ed Mx =Max Ea = Ella Mt Excuse me, is anyone sitting here? Ly No, it’s free. Sorry, I’ll move my stuff out of the way so you can sit down. Mt Cheers. So … are you heading for Naples? Le Sorry, have you got the time? Ed Err, yes, it’s just gone ten past four. Le Thanks. Do you know what time this train gets in to Naples? Ed It should get in at 7.30, if there aren’t any more delays. So … you’re going to Naples too. Whereabouts are you staying? Mx Phew … it’s really hot in here, isn’t it? Ea Yeah, boiling! And it’s so crowded too – that doesn’t help. Mx So … are you travelling round Europe, or just Italy?

Unit 2

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Making arrangements T = Thomas R = Rose R Hi Thomas, what are you doing this weekend? T I’m going fishing with Jack on Saturday morning. Do you fancy meeting up in the afternoon? We could go for a bike ride or something. R I’m afraid I can’t. My aunt and uncle are coming round. How about getting together in the evening? T I’m really sorry, but I can’t. My parents are going out and I’ve got to stay in and look after my little brother. What about Sunday? R OK, that would be great. Why don’t we go into town and just hang out there? We could go shopping and then go for a pizza. T Cool. Sounds good. So shall we meet at about ten o’clock? R I’d rather make it a bit later. Let’s say eleven, at the entrance to the shopping centre. T Brilliant. See you on Sunday.

Unit 3

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Asking for information J = Jan R = Receptionist J Excuse me, sorry to trouble you while you’re working. I wonder if you could help me? R Sure, what can I do for you? J I’m looking for lecture hall number eight. Could you tell me where it is? R Certainly. Go to the end of this corridor, through the double doors and turn left, it’s the second room on the right. J That’s great. Thanks. Also, I’d like to use the computers in the library. Do you know if I need some kind of password?

R Yes, you do. If you go to the library and speak to one of the assistants, they’ll sort it out for you. J Cheers. Thanks a lot. And one last question … Do you have any idea where I can get a really good cappuccino? R Sure, Café Brasilia on the top floor has excellent coffee, and cakes too. J Fantastic, I’m starving! Thanks for your help.

Unit 4

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Vague language Y = Yolanda H = Harry Y I watched a Sherlock Holmes drama on DVD last night. It was really good. H Oh yes? Is it new? Y No, it first came out in 2010, 2011 or something like that. H Is it based on the original detective stories? Y Well, it’s kind of based on them. It’s got the same characters but it’s set in twenty-first-century London, so the plot and the themes and stuff have been modernized. The characters use modern technology like smartphones, iPads and things like that. H Sounds great. Y Yes, it is. The characterization’s brilliant too. Sherlock’s a sort of genius with an amazing brain but absolutely no social skills, which makes it really funny. H Can I borrow the DVD? Y Sure, or you could come round to my house sometime and watch it. I’m happy to watch it again with you. H OK. Brilliant. I’ll come over tonight at around six, okay?

Unit 5

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Giving and reacting to news R = Robyn J = Jessica R Have you heard the news? Apparently, there’s been another volcanic eruption in Iceland! J No way! Does that mean that flights are cancelled because of the volcanic ash? R Well, they were saying in the news that all European airports are closed. The bad news is, my Dad’s in Amsterdam on business and he can’t get home. J Oh no! That’s awful! How long do they think it will last? R At least a week. It’s my sister’s birthday tomorrow so he’s going to miss it. J Ah … What a pity! R Yes, she’s really upset … One good bit of news, though, is I had a text from Will – Remember he’s on a scuba diving holiday in the Caribbean with his family? They can’t get home so they’ve got an extra week’s holiday. J Wow. That’s fantastic! Lucky Will! He must be happy about that. R I know I would be!

Photocopiable © Oxford University Press 2013

Workbook audio scripts T163

Unit 6

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Unit 8

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Expressing sympathy

Speaking on the phone

K =Karl A = Abigail K You don’t look too happy. Are you all right? A No, I’m not. K Why … what’s the matter? A I’m having a really bad day. Well, my computer’s just crashed and won’t restart, so I’m stressed because I’ve lost the geography essay I was working on all morning. K Oh no! What a pain! That’s happened to me before. It’s so annoying, isn’t it? A I know, and … a … a … atchoo! K Bless you! A Thank you … and on top of that I’ve just come down with a really horrible cold. K You poor thing. I’m sorry to hear that. Well, look, why don’t you just go home and take it easy for the rest of the day – you can rewrite the essay tomorrow. A You’re right. I think I will. K All right, well, take care. Let me know if there’s anything I can do, OK?

M = Sarah’s mum O = Oscar S = Sarah M Hello? O Hi, could I speak to Sarah? M Sure. Who’s calling? O It’s Oscar. M Hi Oscar. Hold on a second. I’ll just get her. S Hi, Oscar. How are you doing? O I’m all right, thanks. Listen, a bunch of us are going bowling later. Would you like to come along? S Yes, definitely. What time were you thinking of going? O [sound is breaking up] Well, the plan … my … bout … thirty … S Sorry, I can’t hear you. The line’s really bad. What was that again? O [sound is breaking up] Why … house … dad … OK? S No, you’re still breaking up, I’m afraid … O Can you hear me now? Sorry, I’m calling from my mobile and the signal’s really bad here. S Ah, that’s better. Sorry, I didn’t catch a word of that. What did you say? O I said, why don’t you come over to my house at about four thirty and my dad will give us a lift into town. S OK, brilliant. I’ll be there. O Great. Well, anyway, I’d better go. See you later. S OK. See you later. Bye.

Unit 7

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Making a complaint S = Sales assistant A = Alice S Good morning. Can I help you? A Yes, I bought this camera here a few weeks ago and it was working OK, but since last week it keeps turning itself off and then won’t turn on again. So I’d like to exchange it, please. I’ve got the receipt here. S Ah. I’m afraid we haven’t got any more of those. A Well, in that case, I’d like to have my money back. S I’m afraid we don’t give refunds unless items are returned within fourteen days. A But that’s unfair. I’ve only had it for three weeks. There’s obviously a problem with it. S I do apologize, but that’s our company’s policy. A Well, that’s absolutely ridiculous. You’ve sold me a faulty camera and I think I should get a refund. S I’m sorry, but what we can do is send it back to the manufacturers, who should be able to repair it for free. It usually takes up to six weeks. A Well, that’s very inconvenient, because I’m going away on holiday next week. I’m going to complain to your customer service department. What’s their email address?

T164 Workbook audio scripts

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Unit 9

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Making recommendations Jo = Jonah Je = Jessica Jo How long have you been staying in London? Je Two weeks. This is our last night at the youth hostel. We’re flying back to Johannesburg tomorrow. Jo Oh, right. We just got here this morning. So, have you got any good tips for where to go, or where not to go? Je You should definitely do all the big sights like Trafalgar Square, the Tower of London and the art museums. There’s a Warhol exhibition on at the Tate Modern at the moment. I really recommend you see that. Oh, and if you’re into theatre it’s well worth going to see Shakespeare’s Globe theatre. Jo Sounds brilliant. We could even go and see a play. Je Er, I wouldn’t do that if I were you – the weather forecast isn’t good and it’s open-air. Jo Perhaps not, then. What about food? What’s the pizzeria next to the hostel like? Je Don’t bother going there. The pizzas aren’t very tasty, but you’ve got to go to Marvin’s Café across the road. The breakfasts there are amazing! Jo And what about Borough Market? What’s that like? Je Well, I’d give that a miss unless you’ve got loads of time. But I’d recommend walking across the Millennium Bridge and taking photos of the London skyline. It’s spectacular. Jo Great tips. Thanks!