Minnesota Urolith Center  UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA College of Veterinary Medicine  1352 Boyd Avenue  St Paul, MN 55108 Phone 612.625.4221  Fax 612.626.3226  email [email protected] Director: Jody P Lulich DVM, PhD  Founder: Carl A. Osborne DVM, PhD

PREVENTATIVE RECOMMENDATIONS WHILE WAITING FOR UROLITH RESULTS Depending on urolith type, reformation typically takes several weeks (e.g. infection-induced struvite), to many months (e.g. calcium oxalate). The most common "cause" of rapid recurrence (e.g. days to a few weeks) of uroliths is incomplete removal of all uroliths at the time of surgery. Until quantitative mineral analysis of your urolith is complete, we recommend the following steps:

PREVENTION DIAGNOSTIC CONSIDERATIONS

MEDICAL CONSIDERATIONS

NUTRITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

Use our App to assist prediction of mineral composition (www.vetme d.umn.edu/centersprograms/minnesotaurolith-center/whats-new) Perform post-operative imaging to ensure complete urolith removal. Double contrast cystography or ultrasonography may be necessary if uroliths were not easily observed on pre-operative radiographs.

With persistent signs, culture urine prior to administration of antibacterial therapy. Urinary tract infection is common in female dogs and patients that have undergone urethral surgery.

Feed diets that avoid mineral excess and promote a neutral urine pH. We feed diets designed for mild to moderate renal insufficiency. If possible, feed canned formulations to reduce urine concentration. Once urolith results are received, refine therapy using our specific recommendations (urolithcenter.org).

REFERENCES: Lulich JP, Berent AC, Adams LG, et al ACVIM Small Animal Consensus Recommendations on the Treatment and Prevention of Uroliths in Dogs and Cats IN JVIM Volume 30, Issue 5 September/October 2016, pp 1564–1574 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jvim.14559/full Lulich JP, Osborne CA, et al: Voiding Urohydropropulsion: Lessons From 5 Years of Experience. In: Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice 29:1, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, January 1999, pp 283-292. Osborne CA, Lulich JP, Polzin, DJ: Canine Retrograde Urohydropropulsion: Lessons From 5 Years of Experience. In: Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice 29:1, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, January 1999, pp 267-282. th

Osborne CA, Bartges JW, et al: Canine Urolithiasis In: Small Animal Clinical Nutrition 5 edition, Mark Morris Institute, Topeka, 2010 available free of charge online at: https://bookstore.markmorrisinstitute.org

Minnesota Urolith Center, University of Minnesota

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