HIGHLIGHTS IDN

2017

CONSERVATION PROGRAMME HIGHLIGHTS IN SUMATRA JULY 2016 - JUNE 2017

CONTENTS Introduction .................................................. i 01. Preserving Natural Capital ............................. 1 02. Equitable Resource Governance ....................... 14 03. Better Production....................................... 20 04. Wiser Consumption ..................................... 24 05. Challenges, Strengths and Adaptive Management ... 29 06. Communication Stories ................................. 33 07. Financial Highlights..................................... 36

Thanks to all sub-region leaders in Sumatra and in Ujung Kulon (Dede Suhendra, Wishnu Sukmantoro, Yob Charles and Yuyun Kurniawan) who contributed to these highlights through the Progress Report / Programme Planning and Progress Monitoring Matrix (P3M2). These highlights are produced by WWF-Indonesia and distributed to WWF-Indonesia’s supporters and interested stakeholders.

WRITERS & EDITORS Diah R. Sulistiowati, Suhandri, Nur Anam, Dede Suhendra, Nurchalis Fadli, Job Charles, Kurnia Oktavia Khairani, Catalyze Communications

DESIGN & LAYOUT Catalyze Communications

PHOTOS Benediktus Ohoiwirin, Deddy Luanmasar, Hadi Ferdinandus, Joko Sarjito, Melody Suka, Mohtar Tanassy, Rintho Martubongs, Theodora Resubun, PEMDA Teluk Wondama

COVER PHOTO Fishing at the Sebayang river, Bukit Rimbang Baling. © Zulfahmi

WWF-Indonesia Headquarters Graha Simatupang Tower 2 Unit C, 7th - 11th Floor Jalan Letjen T.B. Simatupang Jakarta - 12540 wwf.id

INTRODUCTION This report presents highlights of WWF-Indonesia’s work in Sumatra for financial year (FY) 2017, the fourth year of WWF-Indonesia’s Strategic Plan. Presented are the key results contributing to achieving the stated milestones. Learn about developments that were not included in this report on WWFIndonesia’s monitoring system, P3M2. WWF-Indonesia programme highlights are available every six months following the P3M2 and network reporting cycle. These highlights reflect WWF’s One Living Planet pillars, showing how our valuable work has contributed to WWF’s Global Programme Framework. There are six highlights reports for this period covering all aspects of WWFIndonesia’s work in conservation: (1) Coral Triangle (2) Kalimantan, (3) Papua, (4) Sumatra, (5) Policy, Sustainability and Transformation and (6) Species. We hope by reading these highlights you are able to gain a comprehensive overview of our efforts to conserve Indonesia’s ecosystems and biodiversity, including the challenges we are facing. For our investment partners, we hope you are able to recognize your valued contribution to WWF-Indonesia through the achievements we have accomplished to date. We welcome any input to improve our WWF-Indonesia Programme Highlights. In this report, we focus on the conservation highlights achieved in Sumatra from July 2016 to June 2017. To ensure the success of our mission in Sumatra, we seek a wide spectrum of support from local communities in the conservation movement. This includes monitoring of key species, leveraging Wildlife Crime Team work, collaborating with the Corruption Eradication Agency (KPK and PPATK) to prevent money laundering in wildlife crime, working on the RIMBA project in Jambi and on the Sumatran Tiger Campaign. WWF-Indonesia is creating awareness and winning hearts and minds in its push for a healthier planet. Please direct your feedback to Arnold Sitompul, [email protected] Conservation Director.

Sumatran rhino (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis), Way Kambas National Park, Lampung province, Southern Sumatra. © Mark Carwardine / WWF / naturepl.com

Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra | i

01 PRESERVING NATURAL CAPITAL Sustainable and customary land and sea use, maintenance of ecosystem services, habitat and species conservation management in priority places and key conservation landscapes and seascapes.

Elephants are routinely cared for by the mahouts of the Elephant Flying Squad of Tesso Nilo National Park. © Hendra Ferdian / WWF-Indonesia Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra | 1

By 2017, provincial land use plans are produced and successfully advocated in Sumatra, including the development of ecosystem-based models for the management and restoration of concession areas, estates, plantations and other conservation areas in priority landscapes. These plans are advocated by forest management units (KPH).

By 2018, key habitats and connectivity for flagship species are secured through effective Protected Area (PA) management and/or effective implementation of Best Management Practices (BMP) for non-protected areas.

Stakeholder collaboration to enforce environmental and forestry crime in Lanakap Peusangan, Jombo Aye, Tamiyan. © Andri Munazir

PROTECTING ESSENTIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND WILDLIFE CORRIDORS North Sumatra

resolve cases. To ensure the forum’s sustainability, regular formal and informal consultative meetings are held. Keeping the forum up to date with cases builds better synergy among stakeholders and allows the group to take informed follow-up action. Central Sumatra

Development of Sumatran elephant habitat management plan

Development of RIMBA Governance Management Plan

To develop a RIMBA Corridor Governance Plan, WWF consulted with relevant government agencies to understand how KPH units can work most effectively. Discussions were also held to develop a platform for building better synergy among stakeholders. Apart from developing a management plan, WWF planted in degraded lands through the WWF NEWtrees project. Of the 430ha target area, 302ha were planted and tree maintenance is ongoing. South Sumatra Rehabilitation of watershed for food security and sustainable use of resources

WWF in discussion with the goverment and local community in Karang Ampar to better manage the elephant corridor in Peusangan area © Chik Rini

To develop effectively managed wildlife corridors in Peusangan watershed, WWF together with the Krueng Peusangan Watershed Forum (FDKP) and the Central Aceh government outlined a Sumatran elephant habitat management plan. A draft of the plan is available and serves as an example for the development of other management plans for species in wildlife corridors throughout Peusangan watershed. Setting up of forum to address forest crime

WWF helped establish a case-dealing forum to address forest crime in the Peusangan, Jambo Aye, and Tamiang watersheds through information dissemination, communication and consultations carried out in partnership with government agencies, Civil Service Organizations (CSOs), and the community including women and minority groups. Unless strict legal actions are taken, trade of protected plants and wildlife, illegal logging and mining, and forest encroachment are expected to continue. The forum agreed to a 20172020 plan defining the roles and functions of each stakeholder to collaboratively

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Caring for NEWTrees. © Sujarwo / WWF

WWF conducted a workshop on rehabilitating the Batu Tegi watershed targeting regional government stakeholders. As a result, regional government agencies committed to rehabilitating the watershed. WWF invited staff from the Lampung provincial government and other relevant government agencies. At the 2009 International Union for Conservation of Nature’s World Conservation Congress, the “Road Map Action Plan for Saving Sumatra Ecosystems: Sumatra’s Vision 2020”, a plan based on agreements between 10 Sumatran governors, was published. This action plan was among the tools used to influence workshop participants to develop partnership agreements. Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra | 3

The Coordinating Agency for Regional Spatial Planning (BKPRD) and the Bappeda Lampung/Regional Planning Agency agreed to utilise the action plan for the Batu Tegi watershed rehabilitation. Recommendations from the event advocated arranging a national workshop to rehabilitate Batu Tegi watershed for food security, energy, tourism and sustainable use of natural resources.

By 2018, technical assistance for designing intervention strategies and/or revision of park management and zoning plans are provided to strengthen the collaborative management of Tesso Nilo and Bukit Barisan Selatan national parks, Rimbang Baling Nature Reserve, and Ujung Kulon National Park.

Contributing to the adoption of eco-friendly construction by the government

DESIGNING INTERVENTION STRATEGY AND/OR REVISION OF PARK MANAGEMENT PLANNING AND ZONING

The Lampung provincial government used inputs from WWF for its eight priority development plans and believes that WWF recommendations for forestry development should be considered in conservation area management plans including the Sumatra action plan. The priority projects include construction of a 252km toll road from Bakauheni to Pematang Panggang, development of an industrial area, dam building in Sukoharjo, and establishing food and energy self-sufficiency. According to Ministerial Decree No. 256/KptsII/2000, forest cover amounts for 1,004,735ha (28.45 per cent of the region), critically denuded forest land constituted 496,733ha in 2013, and the area targeted for reforestation is 8,168ha.

By 2018, Java Rhino habitat in Ujung Kulon NP is managed and maintained and second habitat is identified and established (at least 10,000ha) to support a viable population. Ujung Kulon Surveying diseases risk for new rhino habitat

North Sumatra Establishment of forum to address threats to watershed

Launching ceremony of “Shared Resource, Joint Solution”, a collaboration between WWF, Forum DAS Krueng Peusangan and Balai Syura Ureung Inong Aceh. © Aulia Ferizal

A forum has been established and is intended to respond to threats to the Peusangan, Jambo Aye and Tamiang watersheds. The forum has developed action plans and has disseminated them to all stakeholders involved such as Forum DAS Krueng Peusangan (FDKP) and Balai Syura Ureung Inong Aceh (BSUIA) in the effort to save the watershed. In addition, they have built good communication among them and have made close coordination and consultations on law enforcement action to take against forest criminals in the SRJS landscape. Continuing forest crime in Aceh mainly in the watershed area is an issue that needs to be addressed by the forum. Central Sumatra Mobilisation of communities against encroachment in Tesso Nilo National Park

A doctor is inspecting a water buffalo before taking samples for a disease survey. © WWF-Indonesia

In collaboration with the Rhino Health Unit (RHU), WWF conducted a disease survey in preparation for the development of a second habitat for Javan rhinos, targeting the Rancapinang village due to its closeness to Ujung Kulon. The village’s water buffalo were used as target samples in the survey. WWF found that 90 per cent of the water buffalo were positive for Trypanosoma and negative for others diseases. Results revealed a high risk of vulnerability for rhinos to be infected by the disease-causing parasite transmitted by the water buffalo.

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A fish caught in the waters of Subayang river. © WWF-Indonesia

Due to WWF intervention, encroachment in Tesso Nilo National Park decreased and four excavators were confiscated from encroachers. WWF documented

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South Sumatra

2,611ha of encroachment compared to 4,213ha during the previous reporting period. WWF mobilised local communities to commit to protect the Tesso Nilo ecosystem and serve as the frontline, warning of encroachers and illegal loggers in addition to helping law enforcement agencies take action.

NewTREES programme boosts bird population

Release of land encroached on by communities in Rimbang Baling Wildlife Reserve

WWF intervention in the Rimbang Baling Wildlife Reserve led to the release of 58ha of approximately 3,000ha of community-claimed encroached lands to the government. WWF’s Tiger Patrol Unit (TPU) and WWF partners YAPEKA and Indecon worked to spread environmental awareness among the local community resulting in the release of the land. WWF will rehabilitate the land by planting trees through the WWF Baby Trees Programme.

By 2018, at least 1,000ha of forest in Sumatra and Ujung Kulon are restored through the NEWtrees Programme.

Rhinoceros hornbill / Rangkong Badak (Buceros rhinoceros) Kalimantan, Indonesia. © WWF-Indonesia

Forest rehabilitation through WWF’s NEWtrees programme led to a significant increase in bird populations. The trees are tagged and maintained through the programme. A total of 301ha were planted across eight areas: • • • •

The original area of land targeted for rehabilitation by WWF in Sumatra and Ujung Kulon amounts to 1,000ha. In Sumatra the rehabilitated lands are located in Aceh, Central Sumatra including Jambi, and Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP). The size of the restoration area increased to 1,051ha with the addition of 51ha of land in BBSNP. Across these regions, 968ha were planted. For a detailed description see below.

Pemerihan Resort 130ha Sukaraya Resort 30ha Balik Bukit Resort 35ha Ngambur Resort 25ha

• • • •

Biha Resort 20ha Ngarip village, Ulu Belum 20ha Agroforestry 25ha Karang Anyar village 16ha

Ujung Kulon Planting of rhino food species

North Sumatra Restoration of coastal area with mangroves

Saplings being carried to a NEWtrees Programme restoration area. © WWF-Indonesia

Mangrove planting through the NEWtrees Programme in Pangkalan Susu, North Sumatra. © P3MN

Through the NEWtrees Programme, WWF in collaboration with local institution Cahaya Langkat planted 50,000 Avicennia sp, restoring 10ha of land in Pintu Air village, Pangkalan Susu sub-district, North Sumatra province. The programme aims to plant coastal species to protect this ecosystem and provide a source of support for the everyday needs of the local community.

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Through the NEWtrees programme and in collaboration with 30 community members, WWF planted 4,282 seeds of rhino food plant species across a 22ha area overgrown with the invasive arenga palm. WWF deployed camera traps in the area and detected Javan rhino tracks in the Aer Mokla. At least three rhinos occupy the area.

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PROTECTION OF ENDANGERED SPECIES

South Sumatra Surveying elephant population in the province

In collaboration with the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), the Indonesian Rhino Foundation (YABI) and BBSNP authorities WWF established integrated protection zones (IPZs) and IPZ management plans to protect endangered species. The following activities proved effective in reducing elephant deaths from 14 deaths in FY14 to seven in FY15: 1. Monitoring the population distribution of elephants and tigers 2. Securing and improving habitats with regular monitoring using SMART methods in IPZs in southern Sumatra 3. Eradicating invasive species, especially in Ujung Kulon 4. Mitigating human-wildlife conflicts 5. Advocating the resolution of wildlife cases by the Wildlife Crime Unit Team (WCT) WWF continued to use these methods during this reporting period to further protect Sumatran elephants and tigers, and Javan rhinos.

By 2018, poaching and illegal trade of elephants and elephant parts is reduced to zero through a dedicated monitoring and investigation unit. PROTECTING THE SUMATRAN ELEPHANT Central Sumatra Surveying elephant population in Tesso Nilo National Park

Elephant DNA survey, Bukit Barisan Selatan. © Rodiansyah

The population of elephants in South Sumatra decreased according to a survey conducted by eight teams including WWF, WCS and YABI. The teams monitored elephant population distribution in March and April 2017. In 2010 a survey analysing 600 dung samples revealed the population of elephants in the area at 250-300 individuals. In 2017 only 112 samples were collected.

WWF aims to reduce elephant mortality due to human-elephant conflict (HEC) to zero in WWF focus areas in Aceh, Riau, Lampung, and East Kalimantan. Central Sumatra Responding to human-elephant conflict

Wild elephants within Tesso Nilo National Park. © WWF-Indonesia

WWF conducted a population distribution survey in Tesso Nilo National Park using non-invasive fecal DNA identification, finding that more than 150 elephants of a population of around 150-250 occupy the area. This means that the population is stable. WWF monitors elephant movement using GPS collars. Data from the collars revealed that elephant movement covers several habitat types outside of natural forest areas.

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At least five HEC were documented during this reporting period and follow-up actions were taken by WWF. Considering the rate of habitat destruction due to land conversion – largely to make way for oil palm estates – HEC is likely to increase. Two incidents were reported from outside the Bukit Tigapuluh – Rimbang Baling landscape. The conflicts resulted in destruction for both the oil palm industry operating in the area and the community. It was reported that a man was found dead because of an elephant attack. Through a Quick Response Unit, WWF calmed the community and ensured that they would not harm or kill the elephant nor attempt to drive it back to the forest.

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South Sumatra

a Quick Response Unit whose members include WWF, BBKSDA, and companies operating in areas close to where the incidents occurred. The participating companies posted signs about conflict avoidance and the importance of conservation. Through multiple discussion sessions, the Quick Response Unit briefed communities on conflict avoidance and discouraged people from taking action alone or developing new land for plantations.

Introducing a new way to to avoid human-elephant conflict

WWF introduced the use of chili fences as a tool to aid local communities to avoid HEC. WWF held a training on HEC management in February 2017 in the villages of Pemerihan and Sukaraja and in April 2017. Working with the Margomulyo farmer group, WWF introduced the fences to local communities. WWF continues to explore other tools applicable to the unique conditions of other regions.

Convicting tiger skin dealers

By 2018, incidents and threats to the tiger population in RIMBA, Aceh and Bukit Barisan Selatan (BBS) landscapes – such as poaching, illegal trade of tiger parts and human-wildlife conflict – are reduced to zero through dedicated patrolling units, trade monitoring, and mobilising the public to take action. PROTECTING THE SUMATRAN TIGER Central Sumatra Removal of tiger snares by Tiger Protection Unit

Tiger skin confiscated by the law enforcement. © WWF-Indonesia

Smart community patrol, Bukit Barisan Selatan. © Rodiansyah

In the previous reporting period, WWF’s TPU found 52 snares on tiger trails. During this period the TPU located and removed 34 snares, a 34 per cent decrease of tiger snares in the area. WWF identified 24 tiger hunters in the region, of which two committed to stop poaching. During its patrols, the TPU takes every opportunity to raise awareness among poachers and local communities by spreading information about the legal consequences of poaching and other wildlife crimes. Cooperating in human-tiger conflict mitigation

Tiger habitat is cleared for timber and oil palm estates forcing tigers to move to nearby villages in search of prey. From March to May 2017 WWF documented two tiger attacks. The incidents left five cows dead in Indragiri Ilir and Bukit Batu. WWF and the Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BBKSDA) formed 10 | Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra

The Wildlife Crime Team (WCT) arrested five tiger skin dealers in Riau, Jambi and West Sumatra provinces through collaboration with government law enforcement agencies, the Office of Security and Law Enforcement (BPPH) and BBKSDA. The WCT covers the Rimbang Baling–Bukit Tigapuluh Landscape and neighbouring provinces such as West Sumatra. Information and assistance provided by WWF to judicial officials led to the successful prosecution of all five tiger skin dealers. Prosecution led to prison sentences for each tiger skin dealer – four years each for two dealers in Riau, one year and three months each for two dealers in Jambi, and two years’ imprisonment for one dealer in West Sumatra. South Sumatra Documenting incidences of tiger poaching

WWF analysis of the SMART database revealed 39 indications of tiger activity, an increase compared to the 21 indications documented in the last reporting period. Tigers are roaming throughout the south, centre, and north of the BBS National Park largely due to the abundance of prey such as tapir, sambar deer, and wild pigs in these areas. In addition to removing snares from tiger habitat, a SMART patrol team documented at least 31 signs of tiger poaching in Makakao Hilir Resort. WWF established an informer network to gather information to prepare evidence for taking legal action and better monitor tigers in the region.

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By 2016, Sumatran rhino habitat outside of IPZs are managed to support the growth of viable populations in the BBS, Way Kambas and Leuser landscapes. At least one rhino population in the BBS landscape is secured from the threat of poaching and human disturbance by establishing an IPZ.

PROTECTING SUMATRAN AND JAVAN RHINO South Sumatra Determining population distribution of rhinos in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park

WWF trained the Rhino Protection Unit (RPU) YABI monitoring team, a keeper and veterinarian from YABI and members of the WWF-Indonesia monitoring team on water sample collection from rhino wallows. The training, which was conducted in collaboration with the Indonesian Institute for the Sciences (LIPI), aims to analyse rhino DNA from material left in the environment like skin particles or body fluids left in the wallow water to determine population distribution. Prosecution of illegal loggers

WWF’s patrol team, in collaboration with park authorities, arrested five illegal loggers who harvested timber in the IPZ area inside the park. WWF helped prepare the case documents used for prosecution. Two suspects were fined and imprisoned. One suspect received a one year and four month sentence and one suspect was sentenced to one year and eight months imprisonment. The patrol team also investigated a tiger poaching case in Tampang Resort, found three camera traps missing and identified three suspected tiger poachers. Ujung Kulon Identification of rhino population size

Orang utan (Pongo pygmaeus abeli), Bohorok Rehabilitation Station Sumatra. © Michel Terrettaz / WWF

A Javan rhino calf and its mother caught on camera during a population monitoring activity. © Ujung Kulon National Park

Based on a camera trap analysis, WWF identified 67 rhino individuals of which 37 are male and 30 are female. This number increased since 2015 (63 individuals). WWF also placed 19 camera traps in controlled locations of Langkap for one year of monitoring. The preliminary results of camera trap analysis revealed the presence of rhinos.

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02 EQUITABLE RESOURCE GOVERNANCE Good governance of ecosystem goods and services for water, food, and energy security and wellbeing, green/blue economic models, polices and regulations for sustainability.

School activities in ecological farm, Rancapinang village. © WWF Ujung Kulon Project 14 | Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra

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Assisting with developing ecotourism in Tesso Nilo National Park

By 2018, conservation-based community enterprises apply best environmental and fair social practices and capacity building of local producer groups, cooperatives, and micro-enterprises is facilitated.

Strengthening the value and management of environmentally-based goods and services by promoting sustainable and fair community customary practices and other schemes North Sumatra Piloting mushroom production in Aceh

WWF facilitated the development of the Kempas eco-tourism business and acquired the official legal approval to operate from the Forestry Ministry. As a result, Kempas is managing tourism with more confidence. Tourism packages for activities in Tesso Nilo National Park resulted in 1,500 visitors during this period. Students, researchers, photographers and families comprised the majority of the visitors. Although it is too early to quantify impacts, local community members are committed to maintaining the forest for eco-tourism. Rimbang Baling communities show increased awareness of environmental protection

As a result of WWF efforts to increase incomes through eco-friendly initiatives, local community members in Rimbang Baling are aware of the importance of protecting and conserving local traditions and the environment. Community members established home gardens outside of Rimbang Baling rather than inside the conservation area, making evident their commitment to protecting the ecosystem. Six community homestays are available as part of a tourism programme. In addition, WWF trained several Rimbang Baling tourism enterprise members in hospitality, visitor guiding, interpreting, and prepared them for eco-tourism assessment. Southern Sumatra Training for increased coffee production productivity

Mushroom grown utilizing power generated from geothermal energy in Sulimeum, Aceh Besar. © Aceh Geothermal Forum

WWF assisted the Aceh Geothermal Forum (AGF) in sustainable natural resource management in Seulawah, Aceh Besar. WWF trained the community in mushroom-based food production. As a result of WWF’s promotion of geothermal-based alternative livelihoods, communities believe that mushroom production increases income to economically benefit the community while protecting the ecosystems in which they live. A pilot project for mushroom production is based in Mukim Tanoh Abee, Seulimeum sub-district of Aceh Besar and is managed by local people. Central Sumatra Protecting bee-friendly trees in Tesso Nilo National Park

WWF supported honey farmers in Tesso Nilo acted to protect the sialang tree due to its significance to honey bees. They planted fruit trees and other trees favourite to honey bee such as Calliandra calothyrsus around the sialang trees. Furthermore, the national park authority agreed to advocate using the stingless bee, Trigona, as part of an initiative to increase incomes for the community and assist local farmers with management. The honey farmers implemented village regulations concerning the protection of sialang trees that will help preserve surrounding forests by discouraging encroachers aiming to develop in the park. 16 | Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra

Between January 2017 and June 2017, WWF conducted a four-month field school on sustainable agriculture for coffee in the village of Trijaya, Nasal sub-district, Kaur district, Bengkulu province with 40 participants. WWF also trained coffee farmers for four months in the village Bukit Makmur, Muara Saung sub-district, Kaur district. Farmers implemented WWF’s training and gained a 10 per cent increase in coffee productivity leading to a 100 per cent increase in income.

By 2018, forest and land fires are significantly reduced to protect species and their habitats in priority landscapes. Central Sumatra Coming to an agreement for peat-fire management

WWF reached an agreement between the Peat Restoration Agency (BRG), the University of Riau (UNRI), Jikalahari, Walhi Riau, Yayasan Mitra Insani, and communities in 10 villages on partnership building for implementation of the Bukit Batu Landscape Peatland Management Project after several consultations conducted by the WWF with these stakeholders. On a trial basis, WWF provided the Community Fire Care group in Sepahat village a mini-strike pump for suppressing peat fires.

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By 2018, local and traditional varieties of plant, animal and aquatic resources significant to local food, nutrition, medical and cultural needs are documented, protected and cultivated to contribute to food security in priority conservation landscapes and seascapes.

Strengthening resilience in food and renewable energy at the local level in northern and southern Sumatra South Sumatra Promoting sustainable farming

WWF facilitated training over three months for two villages, Ulu Belu and Ngarip. The communities then planted organic vegetables for consumption and sale in local markets. WWF organised an organic vegetable farming field school to help provide communities living in the bufferzone with alternatives for income generation. WWF trained community members to increase productivity while promoting sustainable farming. With knowledge gained from the training, 65 women produce organic vegetables for their own consumption and selling. Ujung Kulon Investing in a local community programme to save the Javan rhino

Students visiting organic farms at Rancapinang village. © WWF-Indonesia

WWF provides organic farming field school training to help prevent farmers from using chemicals that adversely affect the environment and put rhino habitats at risk. The school targeted three buffer zone villages – Rancapinang, Kramat and Taman Jaya with participants ranging from 25 to 35 people in each village. The organic farming resulted in communities shifting from encroaching lands in rhino habitats to sustainable farming.

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Fishing at the Sebayang river, Bukit Rimbang Baling. © Zulfahmi

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03 BETTER PRODUCTION Best management and social practices for key commodities (oil palm, timber, seafood, carbon and energy, etc.) to transform production and distribution systems towards sustainability.

Conversion of forest to palm oil production, Logas, Riau, Sumatra. © Fletcher & Baylis / WWF-Indonesia 20 | Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra

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By 2016, the implementation of RSPO environmental, production, and social standards is strengthened and improved in Indonesia.

Monitoring palm oil fruit production and strengthening commitment and implementation of traceability by the Big Four Group of oil palm companies Securing commitment for traceability by large palm oil producers

Palm oil being loaded into a truck. © WWF-Indonesia

As a result of dialogue facilitated by WWF between NGOs and four global palm oil companies - Wilmar, Asian Agri, Golden Agri and Musim Mas – all participants agreed to allow Eyes on the Forest (EoF) to continue independent monitoring of Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB)/ Certified Palm Oil (CPO) supply chains. The companies will be alerted when problem FFB and/or tainted CPO materials are found. If the companies do not take necessary action, EoF will publish its findings.

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Special Forest Police with GPS satellite telephone, Air Hitam, Tesso Nilo National Park, Riau, Sumatra. © Fletcher & Baylis / WWF-Indonesia

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04 WISER CONSUMPTION Transformation of consumption ethics and lifestyle towards lower footprint, engagement of the public and education of the youth for leadership in conservation and sustainable development.

Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae), Gunung Leuser National Park, Sumatra. © Mike Griffiths / WWF

National: Communication Strategy Development By 2018, critical awareness on environmental issues is built and the public is mobilised to take action against natural resource mismanagement, changing lifestyle and consumption patterns.

Field offices in Aceh, Ujung Kulon, Jambi, and the REDD project office in Kaltara requested assistance to improve communications and invited a communications team to help develop a more strategic communication plan. This process will determine which programmes need public support for success. WWF in collaboration with the Tiger Conservation Forum celebrated Global Tiger Day in Ancol, Jakarta. Birdwatching, tiger games, storytelling, social media promotion and much more took place during the event which approximately 200 people attended.

Campaigning for species North Sumatra Delivering elephant conflict mitigation training

WWF continued elephant conflict mitigation training in Aceh and participants grew from 120 to about 150 people. Training was vital due to an increase in the frequency of HEC which can cause mortality and economic loss. This training helped farmers to respond quickly to conflict, reducing economic loss and casualties. Cooperating with police to ask public to report wildlife trade

To reduce wildlife trade in Aceh, WWF cooperated with the Aceh local Police (POLDA Aceh) to post signage on the road to the airport asking the public to report trade of protected wildlife. The signs show the telephone numbers of officials to contact if people would like to report illegal wildlife trade activities. Central Sumatra Facilitating celebrations for Global Tiger Day

To spread awareness about Indonesia’s only remaining native tiger species, the Sumatran tiger, WWF facilitated celebrations for Global Tiger Day in July 2016. In Aceh, local leaders attended a march for tigers from the famous Masjid Raya Banda Aceh to the Mayor’s office. Over 200 people along the route came out to support the event. Pekanbaru city also held a march for tigers and the Tiger Heart Community created a storytelling event with guest speaker Samsudin, a passionate tiger and wildlife advocate. From central Java to Aceh, Samsudin journeyed on his bicycle spreading awareness about protecting the environment through storytelling. South Sumatra Enabling the tiger marchin Lampung

During Car Free Day in Lampung, a march for tigers took place on the city’s main road. Participants donned tiger costumes and signed a petition to protect the Sumatran tiger. The head of the local police department also attended the event.

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Global Tiger Day in Ancol, Jakarta. © WWF-Indonesia

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05 CHALLLENGES, STRENGTHS AND ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT

View from Tesso Nilo National Park. © WWF-Indonesia

Challenges Aceh •

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The government of Aceh often does not consider ecological impacts when approving the expansion of land use areas (APL) for development purposes. This causes the loss of non-forest areas that are important to biodiversity. Land with protected status is also at risk of being approved for APL, a major threat to biodiversity.

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A great challenge to the WWF is weakened law enforcement due to a difference in perceptions between the district and central government in addressing encroachers in Tesso Nilo National Park.

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Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling is a global priority tiger conservation landscape which is the only remaining intact forest in Riau, is under threats of illegal logging , tiger poaching, and encroachment. Collaboration for effective management of this landscape, as well as alternative income for the local people so they can get sustainable benefit and be the frontliner of protecting the area are needed.

BBSNP

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There is a plan to build an airport and a highway that will connect Ujung Kulon directly to Indonesia’s capital city of Jakarta. This is being used to justify the development of the buffer villages and remove villagers from their land near Ujung Kulon National Park.

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Due to the lack of a cohesive communication strategy regarding the airport, it is difficult to measure the effectiveness of communications and advocacy efforts. However, WWF is strengthening the capacity of local people to be able to cope with this change. In addition, WWF is taking Sustainability Livelihood Assessments (SLAs) and Participation Action research in villages to support capacity building.

Granting permission for economic activities in non-protected high value biodiversity areas is done without the supervision or control of Aceh’s government. This increases the risk of environmental damage and invites conflict at the community level.

Central Sumatra

•

Ujung Kulon

A rhino survey in BBSNP, conducted using the occupancy method and camera trapping, did not encounter any individual rhinos. The observation team found it very difficult to distinguish between rhino and tapir tracks. WWF is convinced that there are less than five rhinos in the area. Only with intervention is there a possible future for these rhinos in this area. Encroachers in BBSNP are willing to leave the encroachment area provided that WWF offers to plant fruit trees but WWF may not be able to provide compensation in this form.

30 | Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra

Strengths •

WWF collaboration with district governments of Aceh, namely Central Aceh, Bener Meriah, Bireuen, North Aceh, Lhokseumawe, Aceh Jaya, east Aceh and Aceh Besar, legislative Aceh members, in addition to BBKSDA and other stakeholders results in coordinated actions that strengthen the conservation effort.

•

Strict law enforcement in BBSNP makes it possible to reduce threats to wildlife.

Adaptive Management •

In order to maintain relationships with strategic stakeholders in Aceh and North Sumatra, communication on WWF activities and distribution of information will be carried out transparently, including close coordination and consultation with the government regarding essential data of threats to conservation areas.

•

Experts provided by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry will aid BBSNP management by suggesting recommendations on surveying and monitoring methods in the BBS landscape.

•

The new head of Ujung Kulon National Park, Dr U Mamat Rahmat, S.Hut, MP., is experienced and familiar with WWF’s system and strategies. His support could speed up the formal establishment of a second rhino habitat. WWF will continue to cultivate a positive relationship with the head of the park.

Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra | 31

06 COMMUNICATION STORIES

Elephant calves from the Elephant Flying Squad team and their mahouts. © Zulfahmi / WWF

North Sumatra

South Sumatra

•

AA Warga Sukabanjar pesisir barat Lampung kini menikmati listrik dari micro-hydro

•

Campaigns on the protection of elephants, tigers, orangutans and rhinos succeeded in encouraging the public to give strategic attention to these threatened species. The ‘Goes to School’ and Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) programmes spawned green schools. In Central and North Aceh some schools won green school championships through competitions held by the government. In addition, some of these schools developed School Work Plans (RKS) to include sustainability and conservation.

AA WWF Indonesia adakan pelatihan PTK dan mengajak siswa sekolah dasar daur ulang kertas dan membuat kompos AA Menuju center of excellence pemanfaatan geothermal Sumatra AA Secercah harapan dari Tanah Suoh (journalist trip) Ujung Kulon

Central Sumatra

AA Badak Ujung Kulon sudah jadi aset dunia AA Badak Jawa terancam punah AA Rendahnya populasi badak Jawa dan upaya konservasi AA Selamatkan kepunahan badak Jawa di hari badak dunia AA Upaya menyelamatkan dua spesies badak di Indonesia AA Badak Sumatra nasibmu kini AA Populasi badak Indonesia kritis, butuh konservasi baru AA Konservasi badak TNUK selamatkan aset wisata dunia AA Indonesia harus pikirkan strategi baru selamatkan badak AA Populasi badak Sumatera kritis, perlu konservasi mirip Jawa AA Penyelamatan badak butuh pendekatan konservasi baru AA Badak Indonesia kritis, perlu pendekatan konservasi baru AA Indonesia harus pikirkan strategi baru selamatkan badak

Rimbani the elephant cub. © WWF-Indonesia

•

In December 2016, WWF and the Natural Conservation Agency of Riau facilitated national television station Metro TV’s coverage of WWF tiger conservation work in Rimbang Baling. AA http://video.metrotvnews.com/360/aNrJvMWN-nasib-tragis-harimau

•

In March 2017, after two years of correspondence on Flying Squad activities, the BBC Earth-UK came to Tesso Nilo National Park to feature stories on elephant conservation. The feature story covered elephant calf Rimbani joining the other elephants in the squad during patrol as part of the team’s effort to help mitigate human-elephant conflict.The stories were shared on the BBC website, social media, and were advertised as part of the BBC’s Project Hope in Sumatra. AA https://www.bbc.co.uk/events/ezjcd4/live/cx6g9r AA http://www.eyesontheforest.or.id

34 | Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra

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07 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

Sumatran Orang utan (Pongo abelii) mother and baby sitting in tree, Gunung Leuser NP, Sumatra. © Anup Shah / naturepl.com / WWF

WWF ID: Sumatra Directorate FY 2017 Expenditures by Primary Donor Source Type (in Billion IDR) and % of total

48% 16% 36%

WWF NETWORK IDR 34 Billion CORPORATION AND OTHER FOUNDATIONS IDR 11 Billion GOVERNMENT AID AGENCIES IDR 25.4 Billion

Comparing portable GPS with Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) foot print found in Tesso Nilo National Park, Riau province. © Sunarto / WWF-Indonesia

38 | Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra

Conservation Programme Highlights in Sumatra | 39

1962 +64,000

WWF started working in Indonesia

WWF-Indonesia’s number of supporters has grown to more than 64,000 since 2006

+400 WWF-Indonesia has more than 400 staff working all over the archipelago

WWF-Indonesia engages in conservation work from more than 28 field offices, from Aceh to Papua

WWF.ID

wwf.id

28

IDN

WWF Mission To stop the degradation of the planet’s natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature.

CONSERVATION PROGRAMME HIGHLIGHTS IN SUMATRA

WWF-Indonesia in numbers