Geology UNIT 2​ – Composition of the Earth   Chapter 6​ – Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks  

Mr.Kravitz  Name:

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6.1 – Formation of Sedimentary Rocks    ___________________________: pieces of solid material that have been deposited on Earth’s surface by     ___________, ______________, ___________, _________________,  or ________________ precipitation.    4 STEPS to MAKING a ​SEDIMENTARY​ ROCK:     1­____________________ ​→​ 2­ _____________ ​→​ 3­__________________ ​→​ 4­ ___________________     ______________________​: ​_______________ and _______________ processes that _______________     rock into _______________ pieces.    4 FORCES OF EROSION    2.) __________________: the ____________________ and ____________________of surface materials   from one place to another (usually by 1­________________, 2­_________________  _____________,  3­___________________ or 4­____________________.  3.) _______________________​: ​ When sediments are ______________ ______________ on the ground or     _________________________________________________of bodies of water    4.) _____________________________​: ​ The _______________ and _______________ processes that     transform _________________into ___________________________ rocks.  ​Lithification​ ​includes 2 steps​:    1­______________________​: ​____________ of overlying sediments ____________ grains closer together.    2­_______________________​: ​ mineral growth “_______________” grains ____________________ into     _______________ rock    Features of Sedimentary Rocks:    _______________:  horizontal _______________ of _________________ in sedimentary rock; suggest that     small _______________  occurred in the ______________________  during ______________________.    Example​:  Rivers deposit bigger sediments in winter and spring, smaller grains in summer and fall.  Why?   

Answer:________________________________________________________________________________      _______________: preserved remains, impressions, or __________________ of once­living organisms are     often __________________ along with_______________of ____________________ and incorporated into     ___________________________ rocks    Why are there never fossils in Igneous rocks?    _______________________________________________________________________________________    _______________________________________________________________________________________     

6.2 – Types of Sedimentary Rocks    ____ Main Groups of Sedimentary Rocks​:    1.) _______________: formed from the deposition and lithification of ____________  _________ sediment.    2.) _______________: formed from the ______________________________ and lithification of the    _______________ of _______________  _______________  (shell, plant matter)    3.) _______________: formed from the _____________________ of _______________  _______________     from water    1.) ​CLASTIC​  Sedimentary Rocks are the  __________  __________________and are _______________     according to the __________ of their __________________.     ____________ = a ___________________ of rock or mineral (___________________,  ________________,    ___________  grains, and __________  particles are all “clasts” of different sizes)     _______________­GRAINED CLASTICS: consist of _______________­sized rock and ______________.    “_____________________” is made of __________________ coarse­grained particles    “_______________” is made of __________________ coarse­grained particles     _______________­GRAINED CLASTICS: consist of _______________­sized fragments     “__________________” is made of lithified ________ grains, generally with a _______   ______________.   

_______________: ____________________ of ____________ spaces between _______________ in a  rock.    _______________­GRAINED CLASTICS: consist of _______________ and _______________ fragments    “__________________” and “_______________” are examples      2.) _______________ SEDIMENTARY ROCKS: form from ________________________ of either    →​____________ fragments, usually _____________________________to form “_________________”, or    →​____________  material (“_______________”)    3.) __________________ SEDIMENTARY ROCKS: form when __________________ minerals     ______________________ out of solution as water ____________________; these are often called     “______________________”     (examples include ____________________  ____________________ and _________  __________)     

6.3 – Metamorphic Rocks   

Rocks that have been __________________ under _______________ and ____________________     (but _______________  _______________!)    CAUSES OF METAMORPHISM:    High ______________________ and ______________ can ____________ the ​texture​ or ​minerals​ of a rock     _______________   _______________ it to _______________ (“meta” = change, “morph” = form or  shape)    ● Where do the heat and pressure come from?​______________________________    Metamorphism​ can be either    _______________ METAMORPHISM: when _______________  _______________of the     _______________  undergo metamorphism    _______________ METAMORPHISM: when _______________ rock comes in __________________ with     _______________ in a ___________________ area     EFFECTS OF METAMORPHISM: Metamorphic ___________________ can be   

11.09 Chap6 lecture notes.pdf

precipitation. 4 STEPS to MAKING a ​SEDIMENTARY​ ROCK: 1 ... 1.) CLASTIC​ Sedimentary Rocks are the ______ ... 11.09 Chap6 lecture notes.pdf.

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