J ou r na lofSout h e a s tUn i ve r s i t y牗En gl i s hEd i t i on牘 Vo l . 3 1牞No. 1牞p p. 1 37 1 4 2

Ma r . 2 01 5 I SSN1 00 3—7 98 5

De s i g na ndde v e l o pme nto fhi g hwa yt unne lma i nt e na nc e a ndma na g e me nts y s t e m 1 GeMi n l i   SunLu1牞2 1 牗 Sc h o o lo fTr a n s p o r t a t i o n牞So u t h e a s tUn i v e r s i t y牞Na n j i n g2 1 0 0 9 6牞Ch i n a 牘 牗De p a r t me n to fCi v i lEn g i n e e r i n g牞t h eCa t h o l i cUn i v e r s i t yo fAme r i c a 牞Wa s h i n g t o nDC2 0 0 6 4牞USA牘 2

Abs t r a c t 牶I no r d e rt os o l v et h eu r g e n tp r o b l e mo fh o wt o ma n a g e a n d s u s t a i n h i g h wa y t u n n e l s wi t h a d v a n c e d i n f o r ma t i o nt e c h n o l o g y wi t ht h eb a c k g r o u n do ft h er a p i d d e v e l o p me n ti nt h emo d e r nt r a f f i c 牞a n da c h i e v et h ec o s t  e f f e c t i v e n e s so p t i ma lp r i n c i p l eo b j e c t i v e su n d e rt h ep r e mi s eo f g u a r a n t e e i n gas mo o t hf l o wo ft r a f f i c 牷 ah i g h wa yt u n n e l ma i n t e n a n c ea n dma n a g e me n ts y s t e mf r a me wo r ka n dt h ek e y mo d u l e swe r ep r o p o s e d.Fi r s t 牞t h ed e t e r mi n e dh i g h wa yt u n n e l c o n d i t i o na s s e s s me n ti n d e xs y s t e m wa se s t a b l i s h e da c c o r d i n g t ot h er e s u l to fe x p e r tc o n s u l t i n gf o r ms .Se c o n d l y牞t h et u n n e l d i s e a s e s 牞t h ec o r r e s p o n d i n gma i n t e n a n c eme a s u r e me n t s 牞a n d ma n y t o ma n yr e l a t i o n s h i pb e t we e nd i s e a s e sa n dma i n t e n a n c e me a s u r e me n t swe r ei n t r o d u c e d. Th e n牞 t h r e ek i n d so f0 1 i n t e g e rp r o g r a mmi n gmo d e l swe r eb u i l ta c c o r d i n gt od i f f e r e n t t u n n e lo p e r a t o r s n e e d si nt h eo p t i mi z a t i o nd e c i s i o nmo d u l e . Fi n a l l y牞t h ef u r t h e rd e v e l o p me n ta n di mp l e me n t a t i o no ft h e s y s t e m wa sp r o s p e c t e d. Th er e s e a r c hr e s u l t sc a np r o v i d e r e f e r e n c e st ot u n n e lr e s e a r c h e r sa n dma n a g e r s . Ke ywo r ds 牶ma i n t e n a n c ea n dma n a g e me n ts y s t e m牷h i g h wa y t u n n e l 牷c o n d i t i o na s s e s s me n t 牷d i s t r e s st r e a t me n t 牷c o s t  b e n e f i t a n a l y s i s do i 牶 1 0. 3 9 6 9/ j .i s s n. 1 0 0 3-7 9 8 5. 2 0 1 5. 0 1. 0 2 3



unn e l sh a v ep l a ye da ni mpo r t a n tr o l ei nma nys i t u a  t i ons 牞s u c ha ss ho r t e ni ngt h ed r i v i ngd i s t a n c e 牞i m p r ov i ngs pe e d牞r e d uc i ngf ue lc on s u mp t i o n牞e n s u r i n gd r i v i ngs a f e t y牞p r o t e c t i n ge nvi r on me n t 牞a nda c hi e v i n gg oo d s oc i a la n de c o no mi cbe n e f i t s .I nt h el a s tde c a d e 牞ma n y t unn e l swe r ebu i l ta r o un dt hewo r l d.I nt hewe s t e r nr e g i on o fCh i na 牞t h eo ve r a l ll e ng t hofb r i d g e sa n dt u n n e l sa c  c ou nt sf o rha l fo ft h et o t a lmi l e a g e .  Wh i l et un ne lma i nt e na n c ea ndma n a g e me nta r eu n a b l e t oke e pp a c ewi t ht her a p i dd e v e l op me n toft het un n e l s 牞 whi c hbr o u g htac ons i d e r a b l en u mb e ro fa c c i de n t sa n dpo  Re c e i v e d201 4 0 7 2 9. Bi o gr a phi e s 牶GeMi n l i 牗 19 85—牘牞f e ma l eg r a du a t e 牷SunLu牗c or r e s p on d  i nga u t ho r 牘牞ma l e 牞do c t o r 牞p r of e s s o r 牞ge mi nl i 0 901@gma i l .c om. Foundat i o ni t e ms 牶.Th eUSNa t i on a lSc i e nc eFo unda t i on牗No.CMMI  0 4 08 39 0牞CMMI  06 4 4 55 2牘牞t h eNa t i o na lNa t ur a lSc i e nc eFoun da t i o no f Ch i na牗No.U1 1 34 2 06牞5 1 2 5 0110 075牞51150110 478牘牞t heWe s t e r nPr o j e c tofMi n i s t r yo fCo mmu n i c a t i o nsofChi n a牗No. 09010 05C牘牞t heNa t  u r a lSc i e n c eFo u n da t i ono fJ i a ngs uPr o vi nc e牗No.BK20 0910 046牘. Ci t a t i o n牶GeMi n l i 牞SunLu.De s i gna ndde v e l opme n tofhi g hwa yt un n e l ma i nt e n a nc ea n dma n a g e me nts y s t e m犤J 犦.J o ur na lofSou t he a s tUni ve r s i t y 牗Eng l i s hEdi t i on牘牞 20 1 5牞 3 1牗 1牘牶13 7 142.犤doi 牶10.396 9/ j .i s s n.10 03 -79 8 5. 2 01 5. 0 1. 02 3犦

t e nt i a lda n g e r 牞s u c ha st h eKi n g sCr o s sf i r ei nLon d o n牞 t h ef i r ei nt h eMon t  Bl a nct u nn e li nFr a n c ea n dt hea c c i  犤 1犦 i c hc a us e dg r e a t de n ti nt h eTa u e r nt un n e li nAus t r i a 牞wh c o nc e r na c r os st h ee n t i r et un n e le n g i ne e r i n gf i e l d.Ac  c o r d i ngt os t a t i s t i c sf r o m1 9 8 7t o2 00 8牞s e v e nt un n e la c c i  犤 2犦 00de a t h s . d e nt sh a v ec a u s e do v e r4  Di f f e r i n gf r om on gr o u nds t r u c t ur e s 牞t h ed e s i g nc o n d i  t i o ns牗t o p og r a p hy牞ge o l o g y牞u nd e r g r o un dwa t e r 牞e t c .牘of 犤 3犦 h i g hwa yt un n e l sv a r yc a s ef r o mc a s e .Hi g h wa yt un n e l o pe r a t i o na n dma i n t e n a nc ed e p a r t me n t sma n a geal a r g e n umb e ro fo p e r a t i on sa n d ma i n t e na n c ei nf o r ma t i on o f hi g h wa yt u n n e l s .Howe v e r 牞t hema na g e me n to ft heh i g h wa yi nf o r ma t i o ni ss t i l li na tar e l a t i ve l yl a gg i ngl e v e l 牞 wh i c hh a sr e s u l t e di ngr e a thi nd r a n c et ot un ne lma na ge  me nt .To e ns ur eo p e r a t i o ns a f e t ya n dt i me l y ma i nt e  n a n c e 牞i ti se s s e n t i a lt odor e s e a r c ho nhi g h wa yt un ne l ma i n t e n a n c ea n dma n a g e me n ts y s t e ms .  Hi g h wa yt un n e lma i n t e na n c ea ndma na g e me n ts ys t e ms a r ear a t i on a la nds y s t e ma t i ca p pr o a c ht oo r g a n i z i n ga n d c a r r yi ngou ta l lt hea c t i vi t i e sr e l a t e dt oma na g i n gane t  wo r ko ft u n ne l s 牞whi c hi n c l ud e so p t i mi z i ngt hes e l e c t i on o fma i nt e na n c ea n di mp r ov e me n ta c t i o nst oma xi mi z et h e 犤 45犦 b e ne f i t swh i l emi n i mi z i n gt hec o s t s .Theo ve r a l lob  j e c t i v eo ft h es y s t e mi sma i n t a i n i n gh i g h wa yt u n n e l sby ma k i n gt h ema x i mu mu s eofl i mi t e dhu ma n牞ma t e r i a la nd f i n a nc i a lr e s ou r c e sr e a s o n a bl y牞a n da c h i e v e st h eg o a lo f e x t e n d i n gt h et u n ne l  sl i f ec y c l e 牞a n dr a i s i ngt hel e v e lo f s e r v i c ec a p a c i t y.  I n s p i r e dbyt h ep a ve me n tma n a ge me n ts y s t e m牞wh i c h wa sf i r s tpr o p o s e di nt h e1 9 7 0s 牞s omec ou n t r i e sa ndr e  s e a r c h e r sb e g a nt od os t u d i e si nt h ea r e ao ft unn e lma n a g e me nta ndma i nt e n a n c eme t h o ds .   Th eFe d e r a lHi g hwa y Admi n i s t r a t i o n牗FHWA牘a nd Fe de r a lTr a ns i tAdmi n i s t r a t i o n牗FTA牘d e ve l op e dt h en a  t i o na lt u n ne lma n a ge me nts ys t e m 牗TMS牘i n2 00 3犤68犦.I t i sc o mpr i s e doft woma n u a l sa n da na c c o mpa n y i ngs of t  wa r epr o g r a m.Gu i de l i n e sf ori n s pe c t i n g牞ma i nt a i n i ng牞 a n dr e h a bi l i t a t i n gh i g h wa ya ndr a i lt r a n s i tt u n ne l swe r e p r o v i d e d犤910犦.Th ea c c ompa n yi ngs o f t wa r ec a nb eu s e db y hi g h wa ya n dt r a n s i tt u nn e lo wne r st oc o l l e c ta ndma n a g e d a t aont u nn e lc o mp o n e n t s .Th eTMSi sn o wu s e dbyt h e Di s t r i c tDe p a r t me nto fTr a n s po r t a t i on牗DDOT牘t oma na g e s e ve n t e e nt u nn e l s .Al t h o u ght h i sTMSs y s t e ms e r v e sa sa p l a t f o r mf o rd a t ac ol l e c t i o na n dma na g e me n tf o rhi g hwa y

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a ndt r a n s i tt u nn e l s 牞i ti snotd e s i gn e dt ob eama i n t e n a n c e ma na g e me nts ys t e m.  I nAu g u s t 牞2 01 0牞t h eFHWApu b l i s h e dt heTu n ne lOp  e r a t i on sMa i n t e n a n c eI ns p e c t i ona n dEv a l ua t i o n牗TOMI E牘 Ma nu a l犤11犦 t obe n e f i th i g hwa yt u nn e lo wn e r st hr o u gh o ut t heUni t e dSt a t e s 牞wh i c hpr o mot e sun i f or mi t ya n dc o n s i s t e nc yi nh ow owne r sa r eo pe r a t i ng牞ma i n t a i n i n g 牞i n s p e c  t i n ga n de v a l u a t i n gt u n n e l s 牞a n da l s op r o v i d e st h ef o u n d a t i o n f o rb u i l d i n gt u n n e lma i n t e n a n c ea n dama n a g e me n ts y s t e m.   Ac c or di n gt oHi g h wa yTu nn e lCus t o d yMa n u a lp u b l i s h e db yt h eJ a pa nRo a dAs s oc i a t i o n牞ah i g hwa yt u n n e l d i s e a s ema n a g e me n ts y s t e m wa sd e v e l op e db yFu j i ii n 2 00 4犤12犦.Butt h i ss ys t e md oe sn o th a v ed e c i s i o n ma k i n g f u nc t i on so nc ons e r va t i onme a s ur e s .  Ke i h i nEl e c t r i cEx pr e s sRa i l wa yCo.牞Lt d.牗Ke i ky u牘 de v e l op e dt h et un n e lma na g e me n ts y s t e m 牗TMS牘犤13犦 i n a c c o r da n c ewi t ht hef u n d a me n t a lp r i n c i p l eo fl i f ec y c l e c os t牗LCC牘f o rt h epu r p o s eo fma na g i n gma i n t e n a nc e wo r ke f f e c t i ve ne s sa n de c on omyi nor d e rt ome e tt h er e  q u i r e me n t soft het u n n e lma n a g e me nta d mi ni s t r a t o r sof Ke i k yu.   Ane me r g e n c yma na g e me n tde c i s i ons up p o r ts ys t e m 犤 1 4犦 0 1 2 牞 wa sd e ve l op e df orr oa dt u nne l si n Sp a i ni n2 whi c hpr o v i d e st h eop e r a t orwi t hd e c i s i o nr e c omme n d a  t i o nst ode a lwi t ht hee me r ge n c i e si nr e a lt i me .Th i sd e c i  s i o ns up p or ts y s t e mc a non l yb ear e f e r e n c ei nb u i l d i n g t h ed e c i s i ons u p por tmod ul eoft u n n e lma i nt e n a n c ea n da ma na g e me n ts y s t e m.  I nCh i n a 牞t h ed e v e l o p me n to ft h et u n n e lma n a g e me n t i n f o r ma t i o ns y s t e mp a r t i c u l a r l ye mp h a s i z e so p e r a t i o nma n  a g e me n ta n dmo n i t o r i n gma n a g e me n t 牞s u c ha st h eQi n g h a i Ma p i n gt u n n e li n t e g r a t e dmo n i t o r i n ga n do p e r a t i o nma n  a g e me n ts y s t e m犤15犦 a n dt h eQi n l i n gZh o n g n a n s h a nh i g h wa y t u n n e lmo n i t o r i n gs y s t e m犤16犦. Si n c e2 0 0 9牞 Gu a n g d o n g p r o v i n c eh a sb e e nd o i n gr e s e a r c ho nah i g h wa yt u n n e l s t r u c t u r a ls a f e t yma i n t e n a n c ema n a g e me n ts y s t e mf o rBe i  j i n g Zh u h a in o r t hh i g h wa y犤1718犦.Ho we v e r 牞t h ed e v e l o p  me n ts t r u c t u r eo ft h et u n n e lma n a g e me n ti nf o r ma t i o ns y s  t e mi nCh i n ai su n i t a r y牞a n dma i n l yc o n c e n t r a t e so nt h e mo n i t o r i n go ft u n n e le n v i r o n me n ta n d me c h a n i c a la n d e l e c t r i c a le q u i p me n t .Th e r ei ss e l d o maf u l l yf u n c t i o n a li n  t e l l i g e n tt u n n e lma i n t e n a n c ea n dma n a g e me n ts y s t e m.  I nEu r op e a nur b a nt un ne l i ngp r o j e c t s 牞t het u n n e li n f o r  犤 1 9犦 ma t i ons ys t e m Kr ono so fGe od a t a h a sb e e nus e d牞wi t h t hepu r p os eo fmo n i t or i n g牞a l a r mi nga n dr e po r t i ng.But 牞 i ti son l ya ni nf o r ma t i o ns ys t e m牞wi t hnof un c t i o nf orma  i n t e n a nc ea ndd e c i s i o nma k i ng.  Byt hel i t e r a t ur er e vi e w牞wec a ns e et h a ta l t h ou g ht he s t ud yo ft r a ns p o r t a t i o ni nf r a s t r u c t u r ema n a g e me n t 牞s u c h a st h ep a ve me ntma na ge me n ts ys t e m 牗PMS牘 a n dt he b r i dg ema n a g e me nts ys t e m 牗BMS牘牞h a sbe e nc o n t i n u i n g 0y e a r s 牞t h ede v e l op me n to ft h et u n n e l f o rmor et h a n4 ma na g e me n ts y s t e ml a g sbe hi ndd u et ot h ed i f f i c u l t yof de t e r mi n i ng a nd d i a gno s i ng t he p r o c e s so fd e t e r i o r a 

GeMi n l ia n dSu nLu 

t u dyont un n e lma na g e me nts ys t e msi sa t i o n犤2021犦.Sos ne wr e s e a r c hf i e l d.I nt hi ss t u d y牞wec o n d uc t e dr e s e a r c h ont h ede v e l o p me n toft h ema i n t e n a nc ea n dma n a ge me n t s ys t e mf o rhi g h wa yt u nn e l s .

1 Sy s t e m Fr a me wo r ka ndFl o wDe s i g n  Thehi g hwa yt un n e lma i n t e n a n c ea ndma n a ge me nts y s  t e mc o ns i s t sofs e v e nmod ul e s 牶1牘Tun n e li nf o r ma t i o n nf o r ma t i o ns t o r a g ea n dma na g e me n tp l a t  c o l l e c t i on牷2牘I f o r m牷3牘Tu nn e lc on di t i o na s s e s s me nt 牷4牘Tun n e lpe r  f or ma nc ep r e d i c t i on牷5牘Ma i nt e n a n c ep l a na nde f f e c ta s  s e s s me n t 牷6牘Co s t  e f f e c t i v e ne s sa n a l y s i s 牞a l l o c a t i onof f u n ds 牷a n d 7牘 Opt i mi z a t i o nd e c i s i on o fma i nt e n a nc e me a s ur e s .Thede t a i l e df l ow d e s i gn oft h i ss y s t e m i s 1. s h o wni nFi g.

Fi g. 1 Fl o wd e s i g no fh i g h wa yt u n n e lma i n t e n a n c ea n ds y s t e m

 I nt h i sr e s e a r c h牞f o u rs y s t e m mo du l e s 牞h i g hwa yt u nn e l c o n di t i o na s s e s s me nt 牞d i s e a s ei n s p e c t i o na n dma i n t e n a n c e me a s u r e me n t s 牞c o s t  e f f e c t i v e n e s sa n a l y s i sa n dt h eo p t i mi z a  t i o no fd e c i s i o n so fma i n t e n a n c e 牞wi l lb ea n a l y z e di nd e t a i l .

2 Hi g hwa yTunne lCo ndi t i o nAs s e s s me nt  Th ec ont e n toft u n n e lma i nt e n a nc ei n c l ud ec i vi ls t r uc  t u r e s 牞me c h a n i c a la nde l e c t r i c a lf a c i l i t i e s 牞a n c i l l a r yf a c i l i  t i e s .Thes e l e c t i ono fe va l u a t i o ni nd e xe si nc l u d e st h ef o l  l owi n gt h r e ea s p e c t s 牶   Fi r s t 牞t hep r e l i mi na r ye v a l u a t i o ni nd e x.Ac c o r d i n gt o t her e l a t e dr e s e a r c ha c h i e v e me nt sa ndc omb i ne dwi t ht un  ne ls i t ei nv e s t i g a t i o nr e s u l t s 牞t hepr e l i mi na r ye v a l u a t i o n i nd e xs y s t e m wa se s t a b l i s he d.  Se c on d l y牞i n de xo pt i mi z a t i o n.Wh e t he rt h epr e l i mi na r y e s t a bl i s he de v a l u a t i o ni nd e xs y s t e mi ss c i e nt i f i ca ndr e a  s o n a b l eo rn o t 牽68e xp e r t si nt h ef i e l do ft un n e lma na g e 

 De s i g na n dd e v e l o p me n to fh i g h wa yt u n n e lma i n t e n a n c ea n dma n a g e me n ts y s t e m

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me n ta n do pe r a t i o ns a f e t ywe r ec o n s ul t e dbyt h eme a n sof i nt e r vi e ws 牞phonec a l l sa n de ma i l st oc o mpl e t et hec o n  s u l t i n gf o r m. Th es c r e e ni ng p r o c e s si n c l u d e d牶 d e s i gn c o n s u l t i n gf o r ms 牞s e l e c te xp e r t s 牞a na l ys i sc o n s u l t i n gr e  s u l t s 牞s c r e e ni n d e x e s 牞e t c .To g e t h e rwes e n to u t68c on 2c o n s u l t i ngf or ms 牞wi t ht h e s ul t i ngf o r msa n dr e c e i v e d6 r e s po ns er a t eo f82. 3%.Wemo d i f i e dt hee v a l ua t i o ni n  d e xa c c o r d i n gt ot h ea na l y s i sr e s ul t so ft h ec o n s u l t i n gr e  s u l t s .  Fi na l l y牞a c c or di n gt ot h ep r i nc i p l eo fe s t a bl i s hi n ga n ma l g a ma t e ds o meo ft h ei nd e x i nd e xs ys t e m犤22犦牞 wea wh i c hh a da ni nc l us i v er e l a t i ons h i p牞a n dt h e nwee s t a b  l i s h e dt h ede t e r mi ne dhi ghwa yt un n e lc o n di t i o na s s e s s  me nti n de xs ys t e m牞a ss h owni nFi g. 2.

3 Di s e a s eI ns pe c t i o na ndMa i nt e na nc eMe a s ur e  me nt s  I nt hi ss e c t i o n牞wei n t r od uc e dt u n n e ld i s e a s e sa n dc o r  r e s p on di n g ma i n t e n a n c e me a s u r e me n t s 牞a nd ma ny t o ma ny r e l a t i o ns hi p be t we e nd i s e a s e sa n d ma i n t e n a n c e me a s u r e me n t s .  Fi r s t 牞a l lki nd so fd i s e a s e sa n dma i nt e na n c eme a s u r e  me n t swe r es u mma r i z e da nd g e n e r a l i z e d牷 t h e n ma n y t o ma n yr e l a t i o n s h i psbe t we e ndi s e a s e sa n dma i n t e na n c e

Fi g. 2 Hi g h wa yt u n n e lc o n d i t i o na s s e s s me n ti n d e xs y s t e m

me a s u r e me n t swa sbu i l t .Sowec a ne v a l u a t et h ee f f e c tof v a r i o usc on s e r v a t i o nme a s u r e so nt r e a t i ngd i s e a s e s .Ta k i n gt h ec i vi ls t r u c t ur ea sa ne x a mp l e 牞t her e s ul t sa r e 2a n dTa b. 3. s h o wni nTa b.

Ta b. 2 Se l e c t i o no fc o u n t e r me a s u r e sa g a i n s tt u n n e ld i s e a s e sc a u s e db ye x t e r n a lf o r c e s Co u n t e r me a s u r e s

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No t e 牶★ r e p r e s e nt st h emo s te f f e c t i veme t ho dt od i s pos et h edi s e a s e s 牷☆ r e p r e s e n t samo r ee f f e c t i v eme t h o dt odi s p o s et hedi s e a s e s 牷○ r e p r e s e nt sa l e s se f f e c t i v eme t ho dt od i s p o s et hedi s e a s e s .Ther e l a xa t i onpr e s s ur ei n c l ud e ss ud d e nc o l l a ps e .

Ta b. 3 Se l e c t i o no fc o u n t e r me a s u r e sa g a i n s tt u n n e ld i s e a s e sc a u s e db yi n t e r n a lf o r c e sa n do t h e r s Co u n t e r me a s u r e s

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No t e s 牶★ r e p r e s e n t st h emos te f f e c t i veme t hodt odi s po s et h edi s e a s e s 牷☆ r e p r e s e n t samo r ee f f e c t i v eme t h odt odi s p o s et h edi s e a s e s 牷○ r e p r e s e n t sa l e s se f f e c t i v eme t h o dt od i s p o s et hedi s e a s e s .Ther e l a xa t i onpr e s s ur ei n c l ud e ss ud d e nc o l l a ps e .

GeMi n l ia n dSu nLu 

140 S





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牗 3牘  Va r i o u se c o n o mi ca na l ys i sme t h o d sa r eu s e di nt hei n f r a s t r uc t ur ema na g e me n ts ys t e m.Ac c o r di n gt ot h ep r i n c i  s .t . pl e so fe ngi ne e r i n ge c o n o my牞t h i sp a p e rus e st hec o s t  e f  M f e c t i ve ne s sa n a l ys i sme t hod.Th ec o s ta nde f f e c t i ve n e s s I =I + XijtΔI 牗 4牘 ∑ k i 牗t +1牘 k i t k j≥ I k mi n j a r ea sd e f i n e da sf o l l o ws .   Co s t 牶Cons i d e r i ngt h er e s t r i c t i o no ft hema i n t e na nc e 1  s e c t i o nit a k e sme a s u r e me ntja ty e a rt Xijt= f un d牞on l yma i n t e n a nc ea n dma n a ge me ntc o s t sa r ei n 0   e l s e v ol ve di nt hi ss y s t e m. i ∈S牞t ∈T牞j ∈M

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牗 1牘 wh e r eI st hemi n i mu ma c c e pt a b l ev a l ueoft h ek  t hi n  k mi ni de x. whe r eCijt i st hec os to fa d op t i n gme a s ur e me ntji nt h e  2牘Pe r f o r ma n c ema xi mi z a t i onmo d e l s e c t i onii ny e a rt 牷Lii st hel e ngt ho ft u n n e ls e c t i o ni 牷Wi S T M n i st hewi d t hoft un ne ls e c t i o ni 牷c st h eu n i tc o s tof i j ti ma xf Xijt[ ∑ ωk牗 I 牘] LiAADTit ∑ i j t =∑ ∑ k i j t -I k Mi t a d o pt i ngme a s ur e me ntji nt hes e c t i o nii ny e a rt 牷a n dri s i j t k=1 t hedi s c oun tr a t e . 牗 5牘  Ef f e c t i v e ne s s 牶Fo rat un ne lpr o j e c t 牞t heb e t t e rt het un  s .t . ne lp e r f or ma nc e 牞t h egr e a t e rt heb e n e f i t s .Sot h ee f f e c  S M t i ve n e s sc a nb ee xp r e s s e db yt hei mp r ov e me n to ft u n ne l Xijt牗LiWic 牘≤ Bt 牗 6牘 ∑ ∑ i j t i j c on d i t i oni n d e x.

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st hee f f e c tpr o d uc e dbyt h et u nn e ls e c t i o nii n whe r eEijti y e a rta f t e ra dopt i ngme a s ur e me n tj 牷I i sv a l u eo f t h e k i j t k  t ht u n n e li nd e xi ns e c t i onii ny e a rta f t e ra d o pt i ng 牷I st h emi ni mu ma c c e p t a bl eva l u eof me a s u r e me n tj k Mi ti t h ek  t ht u nn e li nd e xi ns e c t i o nii ny e a rt 牷ωk i st he we i g htc oe f f i c i e ntoft h ek  t ht un ne li n d e x牷Li i st h e l e ng t ho ft unne ls e c t i oni 牷AADTiti st h ea n n u a la v e r a g e ofd a i l yt r a f f i ci nt u nn e ls e c t i onii ny e a rt .

}

i ∈S牞t ∈T牞j ∈M wh e r eBt i st h ebu d ge tf un dofy e a rt 牞a ndt h ema i n t e  n a nc ef u n d sc a nbed i f f e r e n te v e r yy e a r .  3牘Ef f e c t i v e n e s s  c o s tr a t i oma x i mi z a t i onmo de l n S



ma xf i j t =∑ ∑ i

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牗 7牘

5  Al l o c a t i o no fFundsa ndOpt i mi z a t i o nDe c i  s i o no fMa i nt e na nc e s .t .  I nt heopt i mi z a t i onde c i s i onmodul e 牞ma nyde c i s i on ma ki ngmode l sa r eus e d牞i nc l udi ngt henon opt i ma lde  c i s i on ma ki ngme t hod牞s uc ha st hede c i s i ont r e eme t h od牞r a nki ngme t hod牞a ndopt i mi z a t i onde c i s i onme t h ods 牞s uc ha st hema t he ma t i c a lpr ogr a mmi ngopt i mi z a  t i onme t hod牞a r t i f i c i a lne ur a lne t wor k牞t hege ne t i ca l  1i nt e ge rpr ogr a m gor i t hm 牗GA牘a nds oon.The0 mi ngme t hode mpl oye dt obui l dmode l swa sus e di n t hi ss ys t e m.Thei nnova t i onsa r e 牶1牘Thes ys t e m of f e r s t hr e eopt i mi z i ngmode l s 牞f r om whi c hus e r sc a nc hoos e t hea ppr opr i a t emode la c c or di ngt ot he i rne e ds 牞na me l y i ngt he0 1i nt e ge rpr o t a r ge t sa ndc ons t r a i nt s 牷2牘Us gr a mmi ngde c i s i onmode lc a ns pe c i f ya ndf ul f i l lt he ma i nt e na nc eme a s ur e sf ore a c hr oa ds e c t i on牷3牘The mode li sc l a r i t ya ndnotc ompl i c a t e d牞a ndt husi ti se a s  i l yunde r s t ooda nds ol ve d.  Th et hr e ede c i s i o nmod e l sa r ea sf o l l o ws 牶  1牘Mi n i mi z a t i onmode lo fma i nt e n a n c ef u nd s

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牗 8牘

wh e r eI st hemi n i mu ma c c e pt a b l ev a l ueoft h ek  t hi n  k mi ni de x牷Bti st h eb u d ge tf u n dofye a rt 牞a n dt h ema i n t e n a nc e f u n d sc a nb ed i f f e r e nte v e r yye a r .

6 Co nc l us i o ns  Th ehi g hwa yt u n ne lma i n t e n a n c ema n a ge me nta ndde  c i s i on ma k i n gs y s t e m i sar a t i o n a la n ds y s t e ma t i ca p  pr o a c ht oor g a n i z i n ga n dc a r r y i n go u ta l lt h ea c t i vi t i e sr e  l a t e dt oma n a g i n gh i g hwa yt un n e l s .I ti nc l u de sop t i mi z i ng t hes e l e c t i on ofma i nt e n a nc et o ma xi mi z et h ebe n e f i t s

 De s i g na n dd e v e l o p me n to fh i g h wa yt u n n e lma i n t e n a n c ea n dma n a g e me n ts y s t e m

whi l emi ni mi z i n gt h ec os t s .Th r ou g ht h ee x p l o r a t i o nof t hes y s t e m牞t h ef o l l owi n gc a nb ec o nc l u d e d牶  1牘Ont heba s i soft h epr e l i mi na r ye s t a b l i s he de va l u a  t i o ni nd e xs ys t e m牞a c c or di n gt ot her e s u l to fe x pe r tc o n s ul t i ngf o r ms 牞t hed e t e r mi n e dh i g h wa yt u n ne lc o n d i t i on a s s e s s me n ti nde xs y s t e mi se s t a b l i s h e d.  2牘Ac c o r di n gt ot hec os t  e f f e c t i v e n e s sa n a l y s i sme t h  o ds 牞t h ec os ta nde f f e c t i v e n e s sofhi gh wa yt u nn e lma i n t e  na n c ea ndma n a ge me n ta r ede f i ne d牞wh i c ha r et h ep r e mi  s e sofop t i mi z a t i on.  3牘I nt h eopt i mi z a t i onde c i s i onmo d ul e 牞t h r e ek i n d sof 0 1i n t e g e rp r ogr a mmi ngmod e l sa r eb u i l ta c c o r di n gt o di f f e r e n to pe r a t o r s ne e d s .Thus 牞s e l e c t i v i t yi sa no b v i o u s a dv a n t a geo ft h i smod ul e .  4牘Ac c ur a t epr e di c t i o no ft heh i g h wa yt u n n e lc o n di t i o n s i si mpe r a t i v ef orma i n t e na n c ea n dma n a g e me nt 牞s ot h e mo du l eo ft u n ne lc o nd i t i onpr e d i c t i onwi l lb ea dd e dt ot h e f ur t he rde ve l o pme nta ndi mpl e me n t a t i ono ft hes y s t e m.  5牘Wi t ht h ef a s td e ve l o pme n to ft r a n s p o r t a t i o n牞al a r ge a ndi n c r e a s i ngn umbe ro ft u nne l sc a nbec o n s i d e r e dt ob e an e t wor k.Toe ns u r et hes a f e t ya nds e r v i c ep e r f o r ma n c e s o ft u nn e l s 牞no to nl yt hes i ngl eh i g hwa yt u n ne lp r o j e c tb ut a l s ot hene t wo r k l e ve lhi g hwa yt u nn e lma n a ge me ntr e  qu i r e ss y s t e ma t i cma i n t e na n c es e r v i c e st oa d j u s tt h ea l l o c a t i o no fc a p i t a lt ot hene t wo r k l e v e lo fh i g h wa y.Ont h e ba s i so ft h epr o j e c t  l e v e lt un ne lma n a ge me n t 牞t h ema i n f u nc t i ono ft hen e t wor k l e v e lt un ne lma n a ge me nti st o ma xi mi z et hee f f i c i e nc yo ft hema i nt e na n c eb u dg e twi t h i n t heh i gh wa yne t wo r k.Soi nf u t u r er e s e a r c h牞t h ene t wo r k l e ve lt unn e lma na ge me n ta n dma i nt e na n c es y s t e mc a nbe b ui l to nt h eb a s i so ft h epr oj e c t  l e v e ls ys t e m.

Re f e r e nc e s 犤 1犦Ho l i c k a ma n t i d i sD.Op t i mi z a t i o no fr o a dt u n n e l M牞Di t o n u n dS t a h l b e t o n b a u牞2 0 0 8牞1 0 3牗S1牘牶 s a f e t y犤J 犦.Be 1 0 1 5. 犤 2犦Ca r v e lR牞Ma r l i nG.A h i s t o r yo ff i r ei n c i d e n t si nt u n  n e l s 牶t h eh a n d b o o ko ft u n n e lf i r es a f e t y犤R犦.Lo n d o n牶 Th o ma sTe l f o r dPu b l i s h i n g牞2 0 0 5牶3 4 1. 犤 3犦As a k u r aT牞Ko j i maY.Tu n n e lma i n t e n a n c ei nJ a p a n犤J 犦. Tu n n e l l i n ga n dUn d e r g r o u n dS p a c eTe c h n o l o g y 牞2 0 0 3牞1 8 牗 2/ 3牘牶1 6 1 1 6 9. 犤 4犦Hu d s o nW R牞Ha a sR牞Ud d i nW.I n f r a s t r u c t u r ema n a g e  me n t 牶i n t e g r a t i n gd e s i g n牞c o n s t r u c t i o n牞ma i n t e n a n c e 牞r e  n dr e n o v a t i o n犤M犦.Ne w Yo r k牶Mc Gr a w h a b i l i t a t i o n牞a Hi l l 牞1 9 9 7. 犤 5犦Ud d i nW牞Ha a sR牞Hu d s o nW R.Pu b l i ci n f r a s t r u c t u r e a s s e tma n a g e me n t犤M犦.2n de d.Ne w Yo r k牶Mc Gr a w Hi l lEd u c a t i o n牞2 0 1 3. 犤 6犦Ga n n e t tFl e mi n g牞I n c .Na t i o n a lt u n n e lma n a g e me n ts y s  t e m 犤EB/ OL犦.牗2 0 0 3牘犤2 0 1 4 0 4 0 1犦.h t t p牶// www.g f  n e t .c o m/ p r o j e c t d e t a i l .a s p牽Pr o j As p e c t=2 6 0. 7犦Ga n n e t tFl e mi n g牞I n c .Be s tp r a c t i c e sf o ri mp l e me n t i n g 犤 q u a l i t yc o n t r o la n dq u a l i t ya s s u r a n c ef o rt u n n e li n s p e c t i o n 犤R/ OL犦.牗 2 0 0 9牘犤2 0 1 4 0 4 0 1犦.h t t p牶// o n l i n e p u b s .t r b.

141

0 0 7牗 2 6 1牘_FR.p d f . o r g/ o n l i n e p u b s/ n c h r p/ d o c s/ NCHRP2 犤 8犦Al l e nC牞Av e r s oM牞Pa t r i c kR.Ov e r v i e wa n di mp l e me n  t a t i o no ft u n n e lma n a g e me n ts y s t e m犤C犦// 8 8t hAn n u a l s h i n g  Me e t i n go ft h eTr a n s p o r t a t i o nRe s e a r c hBo a r d.Wa 0 0 9. t o nDC牞USA牞2 犤 9犦Fe d e r a lHi g h wa yAd mi n i s t r a t i o n.FHWA I F 0 5 0 0 2Hi g h  wa ya n dr a i lt r a n s i tt u n n e li n s p e c t i o nma n u a l 犤S犦.Wa s h  0 0 5. i n g t o n牞DC牶FHWA牞2 犤 1 0犦Fe d e r a lHi g h wa yAd mi n i s t r a t i o n.FHWA I F 0 5 0 1 7Hi g h  wa ya n dr a i lt r a n s i tt u n n e lma i n t e n a n c ea n dr e h a b i l i t a t i o n ma n u a l 犤S犦.Wa s h i n g t o n牞DC牶FHWA牞2 0 0 5. 犤 1 1犦Fe d e r a lHi g h wa yAd mi n i s t r a t i o n.FHWA 2 0 0 8 0 0 3 8 0 0 4 2 Tu n n e lo p e r a t i o n s 牞ma i n t e n a n c e 牞i n s p e c t i o na n de v a l u a  t i o n牗TOMI E牘ma n u a l犤S犦.Wa s h i n g t o n牞DC牶FHWA牞 2 0 1 3. 犤 1 2犦Fu j i iM牞J i a n gY牞Ta n a b a s h iY.Da t a b a s ed e v e l o p me n t f o rr o a dt u n n e lma i n t e n a n c ea n dma n a g e me n tb yu s i n gg e  o g r a p h i c a li n f o r ma t i o ns y s t e m犤C犦// Th e1s tJ o i n tS e mi n a r Be t we e n To n g j i Un i v e r s i t ya n d Na g a s a k i Un i v e r s i t y . 0 0 4牶1 0 4 1 0 8. Sh a n g h a i 牞Ch i n a 牞2 犤 1 3犦Na k a mu r aK牞Oh t s uH牞Ta k e u c h iA.De v e l o p me n to fa t u n n e lma n a g e me n ts y s t e mf o re x i s t i n gr a i l r o a dt u n n e l 犤J 犦. Tu n n e l l i n ga n dUn d e r g r o u n dS p a c eTe c h n o l o g y 牞2 0 0 6牞 2 1牶3 1 2 3 1 3. 犤 1 4犦Al v e a rD牞Ab r e uO牞Cu e s t aA牞e ta l .De c i s i o ns u p p o r t s y s t e mf o re me r g e n c yma n a g e me n t 牶r o a dt u n n e l s犤J犦. Tu n n e l l i n ga n dUn d e r g r o u n dS p a c eTe c h n o l o g y 牞2 0 1 3牞 3 4牶1 3 2 1. 犤 1 5犦Zh a oWu t a i .Qi n g h a iMa p i n gt u n n e li n t e g r a t e dmo n i t o r i n g a n do p e r a t i o nma n a g e me n ts y s t e m 犤J 犦.Tr a n s p o r t a t i o nI n  f o r ma t i o nI n d u s t r y 牞2 0 0 3牗 1 1牘牶1 1 3 1 1 5.牗i nCh i n e s e 牘 犤 1 6犦Zh a oCh a o z h i 牞HuPi n g.Ca s es t u d yo no p e r a t i o nma n a g e  me n tt e c h n o l o g yo fQi n l i n g Zh o n g n a n s h a ns u p e r  l o n g h i g h wa yt u n n e l犤J 犦.Tu n n e lCo n s t r u c t i o n牞2 0 1 0牞3 0牗 3牘牶 3 4 4 3 4 7牞3 5 0.牗i nCh i n e s e 牘 1 7犦Gu a n g d o n gPr o v i n c eHi g h wa yCo.牞Lt d.Re s e a r c ha n d 犤 d e v e l o p me n to fh i g h wa yt u n n e ls t r u c t u r a ls a f e t yma i n t e  n a n c ema n a g e me n ts y s t e m 犤J犦. Gu a n g d o n g Hi g h wa y Co mmu n i c a t i o n s 牞2 0 1 2牗 3牘牶1 5 2 1 5 2牞1 5 4.牗i nCh i n e s e 牘 犤 1 8犦Li nYi g o n g.Re s e a r c ha n dd e v e l o p me n to fh i g h wa yt u n n e l s t r u c t u r a ls a f e t yma i n t e n a n c ema n a g e me n ts y s t e m 犤EB/ OL犦. 牗2 0 1 0 0 8 1 7牘犤2 0 1 4 0 4 0 1犦. h t t p牶// j t k j .g d c d. g o v.c n/ n e t / p r o j e c t p r o c e s s/ d e t a i l .a c t i o n牽p r o j e c t p r o c e s s I d =1 2 8 2 0 3 4 5 7 8 9 2 1&ma i n Ty p e=1 5. 犤 1 9犦Ch me l i n aK牞Ra b e n s t e i n e rK牞Kl a u sG.A t u n n e li n f o r  ma t i o ns y s t e mf o rt h ema n a g e me n ta n du t i l i z a t i o no fg e o e n g i n e e r i n gd a t ai nu r b a nt u n n e lp r o j e c t s犤J 犦.Ge o t e c h n i  c a la n dGe o l o g i c a lEn g i n e e r i n g牞2 0 1 3牞3 1牶8 4 5 8 5 9. 犤 2 0犦Sh a h i nM Y.Pa v e me n tma n a g e me n tf o ra i r p o r t s 牞r o a d s 牞 a n dp a r k i n gl o t s犤M犦.2n de d.Ne w Yo r k牶Sp r i n g e r 牞 2 0 0 6. 2 1犦Su nLi j u n.Tr a n s p o r t a t i o ni n f r a s t r u c t u r ema n a g e me n ts y s  犤 t e m牶t h e o r ya n dp r a c t i c e犤M犦.Be i j i n g牶Ch i n aCo mmu n i  c a t i o n sPr e s s 牞2 0 0 9.牗i nCh i n e s e 牘 犤 2 2犦Da iYo u h u a 牞Gu oZh o n g y i n牞MaYa n牞e ta l .Sa f e t ye v a l  u a t i o ni n d e xo fd r i v i n ge n v i r o n me n to fe x p r e s s wa yt u n n e l 犤J犦. J o u r n a lo fTo n g j iUn i v e r s i t y 牶 Na t u r a lS c i e n c e 牞 2 0 1 0牞3 8牗 8牘牶1 1 7 1 1 1 7 6.牗i nCh i n e s e 牘

GeMi n l ia n dSu nLu 

142

公路隧道养护管理系统的设计和开发 葛敏莉1  孙 璐1,2 (1 东南大学交通学院,南京 2 1 0 0 9 6) 2

p a r t me n to fCi v i lEn g i n e e r i n g,t h eCa t h o l i cUn i v e r s i t yo fAme r i c a ,Wa s h i n g t o nDC2 0 0 6 4,USA) (De

摘要:为了解决在现代交通快速发展的背景下如何利用现代化信息技术实现公路隧道养护和管理的迫切需 求, 且达到在保证交通顺畅的前提下实现公路隧道费用效益最优化的原则,设计了公路隧道养护管理系统 的总体框架和各个模块.首先,根据专家调查和咨询,建立了公路隧道状况评价指标体系.然后,介绍了公路 隧道的病害、养护措施以及病害和养护措施之间的多对多关系.根据隧道管理者的不同决策需求,提出了 3 种基于整数规划的决策模型.最后,展望了系统的进一步发展和实现前景.所得到的研究成果将为隧道的研 究和工作者提供参考. 关键词:养护管理系统;公路隧道;状态评估;病害处治;费用效益分析 中图分类号:U41 8

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