3­7 Euclidean Algorithm 112116.notebook

November 20, 2016

TBLS IB Math HL Year Two, R3 & R9

3‑7

November 21, 2016

AIM: DWBAT use the Euclidean algorithm to find gcd(a,b)

Warm Up:

HW: p. 25 (Ex. 2C) #1e, 2e, 3, 4, 5 Integration Exam Redo Due Wednesday

a) Find gcd(306, 657) without a GDC. b) Okay, fine, use your GDC.  Why was it hard to  find without a GDC? c) Find two numbers r and s such that gcd(306, 657) = 306r + 657s

Sep 2­12:36 PM

Warm Up gcd(306, 657) = 9 There are infinitely many solutions of r and s. Here are two: r = ‑15 and s = 7:

9 = 306(‑15) + 657(7)

r = 58 and s = ‑27

9 = 306(58) + 657(‑27)

Feb 22­5:22 PM

1

3­7 Euclidean Algorithm 112116.notebook

November 20, 2016

Integration Exam Take your integration exam home and redo the  problems.  Don't erase any of your work ‑ redo the  problems starting on a blank page in the booklet. If you're fine with your original response, just  write "see original response" when you redo it. You'll get a raw mark score out of 27, which will  go into PupilPath as two grades ‑ one 14 point  assessment grade and one 14 point process grade. Due no later than in class Wednesday 11/23. Feb 22­5:22 PM

November Stuff about division HW: Work on Exploration HW: Work on  Exploration

Integration  Exam Redo  Due Stuff about prime numbers

Thanksgiving Recess ‑ No School, No HW

December

Thanksgiving  Stuff about different bases Recess ‑ No  School, No HW HW: Work on  Exploration HW: Edit  Exploration  from Peer  Draft

Practice

Counseling  Exam: divisibility,  division, prime  Workshop numbers, different  bases HW: Work on Exploration

Exploration  Peer Draft Due

Exploration Peer Draft Feedback HW: Edit Exploration from Peer Draft Stuff about  Special  Equations

Review

Stuff about Special Equations

HW: Edit  Exploration  from Peer  Draft

HW: Edit  Fall Semester Interim AssessmentsExploration from  Peer Draft

Math Class: Expo Presentations!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Exploration  Rough Draft  HW: Work on Editing Exploration from Peer Draft for Rough Draft Deadline Due

Winter  Recess

Feb 22­5:22 PM

2

3­7 Euclidean Algorithm 112116.notebook

November 20, 2016

Greatest Common Divisor Combining the ideas of divisibility, the division  algorithm, and the greatest comon divisor, we  have this theorem: If a = bq + r, then gcd(a,b) = gcd(b,r) This gives us an easier way to find gcd(a,b),  especially if a and b are big.  We can find the  remainder, r, which has to be a smaller number, to  use find the gcd instead. This process is called the  Euclidean Algorithm. Feb 22­5:22 PM

Euclidean Algorithm Use the Euclidean Algorithm to find gcd(306, 657).  Hence, find  two integers r and s such that gcd(306, 657) = 306r + 657s. Divide successively:

657 = 306 × _____ + _____ 657 = 306 × (2) + 45 306 = 45 × _____ + _____ 306 = 45 × (6) + 36 45 = 36 × _____ + _____ 45 = 36 × (1) + 9 36 = 9 × _____ + _____ 36 = 9 × (4) + 0

The last non‑zero remainder is gcd(a,b).

Feb 22­5:22 PM

3

3­7 Euclidean Algorithm 112116.notebook

November 20, 2016

Euclidean Algorithm The Euclidean Algorithm gave us gcd(306, 657) = 9.  Now we work backwards  to find two integers r and s such that gcd(306, 657) = 306r + 657s.

657 = 306 × (2) + 45 306 = 45 × (6) + 36 45 = 36 × (1) + 9 36 = 9 × (4) + 0

Feb 22­5:22 PM

Euclidean Algorithm The Euclidean Algorithm gave us gcd(306, 657) = 9.  Now we work backwards  to find two integers r and s such that gcd(306, 657) = 306r + 657s.

657 = 306 × (2) + 45 306 = 45 × (6) + 36 45 = 36 × (1) + 9 36 = 9 × (4) + 0

9 = 45 ‑ 36(1)

Feb 22­5:22 PM

4

3­7 Euclidean Algorithm 112116.notebook

November 20, 2016

Euclidean Algorithm The Euclidean Algorithm gave us gcd(306, 657) = 9.  Now we work backwards  to find two integers r and s such that gcd(306, 657) = 306r + 657s.

657 = 306 × (2) + 45 306 = 45 × (6) + 36 45 = 36 × (1) + 9 36 = 9 × (4) + 0

9 = 45 ‑ 36(1)

Feb 22­5:22 PM

Euclidean Algorithm The Euclidean Algorithm gave us gcd(306, 657) = 9.  Now we work backwards  to find two integers r and s such that gcd(306, 657) = 306r + 657s.

657 = 306 × (2) + 45 306 = 45 × (6) + 36 45 = 36 × (1) + 9 36 = 9 × (4) + 0

9 = 45 ‑ 36(1) 9 = 45 ‑ 1(306 ‑ 45(6))

Feb 22­5:22 PM

5

3­7 Euclidean Algorithm 112116.notebook

November 20, 2016

Euclidean Algorithm The Euclidean Algorithm gave us gcd(306, 657) = 9.  Now we work backwards  to find two integers r and s such that gcd(306, 657) = 306r + 657s.

657 = 306 × (2) + 45 306 = 45 × (6) + 36 45 = 36 × (1) + 9 36 = 9 × (4) + 0

9 = 45 ‑ 36(1) 9 = 45 ‑ 1(306 ‑ 45(6)) 9 = 7(45) ‑ 306

Feb 22­5:22 PM

Euclidean Algorithm The Euclidean Algorithm gave us gcd(306, 657) = 9.  Now we work backwards  to find two integers r and s such that gcd(306, 657) = 306r + 657s.

657 = 306 × (2) + 45 306 = 45 × (6) + 36 45 = 36 × (1) + 9 36 = 9 × (4) + 0

9 = 45 ‑ 36(1) 9 = 45 ‑ (306 ‑ 45(6)) 9 = 7(45) ‑ 306

Feb 22­5:22 PM

6

3­7 Euclidean Algorithm 112116.notebook

November 20, 2016

Euclidean Algorithm The Euclidean Algorithm gave us gcd(306, 657) = 9.  Now we work backwards  to find two integers r and s such that gcd(306, 657) = 306r + 657s.

657 = 306 × (2) + 45 306 = 45 × (6) + 36 45 = 36 × (1) + 9 36 = 9 × (4) + 0

9 = 45 ‑ 36(1) 9 = 45 ‑ (306 ‑ 45(6)) 9 = 7(45) ‑ 306 9 = 7(657 ‑ 306(2)) ‑ 306

Feb 22­5:22 PM

Euclidean Algorithm The Euclidean Algorithm gave us gcd(306, 657) = 9.  Now we work backwards  to find two integers r and s such that gcd(306, 657) = 306r + 657s.

657 = 306 × (2) + 45 306 = 45 × (6) + 36 45 = 36 × (1) + 9 36 = 9 × (4) + 0

9 = 45 ‑ 36(1) 9 = 45 ‑ (306 ‑ 45(6)) 9 = 7(45) ‑ 306 9 = 7(657 ‑ 306(2)) ‑ 306 9 = 7(657) ‑ 15(306)

Feb 22­5:22 PM

7

3­7 Euclidean Algorithm 112116.notebook

November 20, 2016

Euclidean Algorithm The Euclidean Algorithm gave us gcd(306, 657) = 9.  Now we work backwards  to find two integers r and s such that gcd(306, 657) = 306r + 657s.

657 = 306 × (2) + 45 306 = 45 × (6) + 36 45 = 36 × (1) + 9 36 = 9 × (4) + 0

9 = 45 ‑ 36(1) 9 = 45 ‑ (306 ‑ 45(6)) 9 = 7(45) ‑ 306 9 = 7(657 ‑ 306(2)) ‑ 306 9 = 7(657) ‑ 15(306)

Hence, two numbers r and s that satisfy gcd(306, 657) = 9 = 306r + 657s are r = ‑15 and s = 7

Feb 22­5:22 PM

Practice Use the Euclidean Algorithm to find gcd(a,b) for  the following pairs of numbers.  Hence, find  integers r and s such that gcd(a,b) = ra + sb. a = 102, b = 72

a = 4147, b = 10672

Answers: gcd(102, 72) = 6

gcd(4147, 10672) = 29

r = 5, s = ‑7

r = 175, s = ‑68

Feb 22­5:22 PM

8

3­7 Euclidean Algorithm 112116.notebook

November 20, 2016

Practice (HW) HW: p. 25 (Ex. 2C) #1e, 2e, 3, 4, 5 Integration Exam Redo Due Wednesday

1e) Use the Euclidean algorithm to find gcd(a,b) in the  following case: a = 462 and b = 200 2e) Find integers m and n such that ma + nb = gcd(a,b) 3a) Use the Euclidean Algorithm to show that gcd(86, 45) = 1 3b) Find a pair of integers x and y such that 86x + 45y = 1 4) Let gcd(48, 30) = d.  Find two integers, p and q, such that  48p + 30q = d 5) Use the Euclidean Algorithm to show that 3k+1 and 13k+4  are always relatively prime. Feb 22­5:22 PM

9

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