350LC  Exhaust  Shoot  out  

  NOTES:     Exhausts  on  Test   Standard  Yamaha  4L0  (350  ones)   Allspeeds  (small  can)   TSA  (Two  Stroke  Addicts)   Kunda   Arrow   Harris   Lomas  (80’s  style)   Swarbricks   TZ  350G     Dyno  Set  Up   DynoStar   4th  gear  at  6000rpm  set  point.   Rotation  Calibration  is  56     Basic  Yamaha  Factory  Spec   Yamaha  quoted  BHP  at  crank  =  47bhp   Rear  Wheel  =  47bhp  minus  10%  to  15%  =  39.95bhp  to  42.30bhp     Base  Line  Data   Baselined  BHP  at  rear  wheel  =  41.5bhp,  torque  =  26.6ft-­‐lbs   Acceleration  time  =  8.5secs  to  max  power  from  10bhp  start  point  (3000rpm)     Testing  Criteria   All  tests  conducted  on  same  bike  (without  taking  it  off  the  dyno  as  this  affects   calibration)     Same  operator  on  dyno  controls,  same  rider  on  bike,  all  tests  are  full  throttle   from  3000rpm  up  to  maximum  revs  before  power  starts  to  drop  off,  5  runs  per   test     No  adjustments  to  the  bike  in  anyway  during  the  tests.     Baselining     The  bike  was  strapped  down  to  the  dyno  and  then  calibrated  using  the  data   above,  so  4th  gear,  6000  rpm     Some  initial  runs  of  the  bike  where  done  before  it  was  set  so  that  it  was  running   slightly  rich  in  case  some  of  the  exhausts  caused  it  to  run  weak.            

  Write  Up     The  recent  resurgence  of  the  old  skool  LC’s  and  RD’s  in  general  has  also  reignited   the  many  long  running  debates  about  what  works  and  what  doesn’t  on  the  old  2   stokes.     As  many  will  no  doubt  testify,  the  usual  bragging  rights  in  the  pub  and  at  bike   meets  are  very  rarely  if  ever  backed  up  with  fact,  so  I  decided  to  set  about  seeing   how  much  truth  there  was  in  the  various  long  running  debates.     The  obvious  one  to  address  first  is  the  exhaust  debate,  therefore  the  first  step   was  to  decide  how  best  to  achieve  this,  use  a  standard  motor,  or  a  tuned  one.     In  the  end  I  decided  to  take  a  more  “real  world”  approach  and  do  what  95%  of   Joe  public  do  which  is  to  buy  a  set  of  exhausts  and  just  bolt  them  on  in  the  belief   that  all  of  the  sales  hype  is  true.     To  this  end  I  decided  the  test  had  to  be  done  on  a  completely  stock  engine,  using   my  own  bike  which  is  a  completely  stock  engine  in  the  sense  that  the  barrels   have  not  been  ported,  the  head  has  not  been  skimmed  and  the  crank  is  just   standard,  everything  else  about  the  engine  is  also  as  Mr.  Yamaha  kicked  out  of   his  factory  back  in  the  80’s.     The  only  differences  from  stock  on  my  bike  is  the  carburation  side  of  things,  it   has  a  set  of  28mm  PWK  carb’s,  10mm  reed  spacers,  some  fibre  reeds  and  the  air   box  lid  removed  to  allow  better  breathing  (subject  of  another  set  of  tests  I  did   some  time  back)     Next  was  sorting  out  the  various  exhausts  to  test,  finding  suitable  candidates  and   the  most  popular  brands  was  of  course  the  ideal  scenario,  one  which  on  balance   proved  harder  to  do  than  I  initially  thought,  having  been  unsuccessful  in  securing   a  set  of  Microns  or  Nikon’s  for  the  test,  but  then  getting  my  hands  on  a  very  rare   set  of  Harris  pipes  seemed  to  make  up  for  that  !     The  tests  also  had  to  be  completely  identical  and  therefore  some  basics  had  to  be   adhered  to  in  order  that  the  test  was  fair.     The  ground  rules  agreed  upon  with  John  Warrington  who  owns  the  dyno,  these   where;     1.  The  bike  would  remain  on  the  dyno  throughout  the  test,  therefore  once   calibrated  it  would  remain  the  same  for  all  tests     2.  No  tweaking  or  changes  to  the  bike  in  anyway,  this  would  also  help  reflect   what  a  lot  of  people  do  when  they  buy/fit  exhausts     3.  John  would  work  the  dyno,  I  would  ride  the  bike    

 

  4.  All  tests  would  be  the  best  of  5  runs  and  all  done  from  3000rpm  (approx   10bhp  on  average)  to  maximum  power,  no  matter  where  ever  that  might  be       5.  Air  Fuel  Ratios  would  be  recorded,  but  no  adjustments  made,  this  was  mainly   to  safe  guard  the  engine  from  depositing  lots  of  molten  metal  into  my  crank   should  it  run  really  weak  at  some  point.     The  initial  run  up  for  base  lining  was  nothing  unusual,  checking  the  Air  Fuel   ratios  etc  and  making  sure  we  was  getting  consistent  results.     After  a  few  runs  and  adjusting  the  carburation  so  that  it  ran  slightly  rich,  it  was   finally  base  lined  with  the  stock  pipes  making  41.5bhp,  which  is  pretty  much   where  it  was  expected  to  be.     The  Test     The  bike  on  the  dyno  with  standard  exhausts  fitted  after  the  initial  set  up.    

    Allspeeds   First  up  was  the  ever  popular  Allspeeds,  the  ones  on  test  where  original  30+yr   old  small  cans,  which  sound  just  perfect  and  transport  you  immediately  back  to   the  80’s,  especially  when  a  touch  of  Castrol  R  is  added  to  the  mix  !    

 

 

  The  bike  runs  nice  with  these  on  and  the  throttle  response  is  good,  it  feels  crisp   overhaul  and  rev’s  nicely  round  to  9k  rpm  before  the  power  begins  to  tail  off  and   the  bike  runs  out  of  steam  and  is  unwilling  to  rev  much  harder  or  higher.    

    TSA’s   TSA’s  where  up  next,  these  are  a  modern  sculptured  pipe  and  have  had  very   good  reports  of  improvements.     The  first  thing  you  notice  is  how  loud  they  are,  the  carbon  end  cans  probably  add   to  this,  but  they  sound  nice  all  the  same  !     The  bike  is  responsive,  although  feels  a  little  flatter  initially  compared  to  the   Allspeeds,  the  air  fuel  ratio  shows  them  to  be  running  really  rich  low  down  which   explains  the  initial  flat  feeling.     They  come  on  pipe  around  5750rpm  at  which  point  the  bike  begins  to  take  off   like  a  scolded  cat,  before  we  know  it,  the  bike  is  well  into  the  redline  and  still   going  !     After  the  second  run  we  decide  it  would  be  prudent  to  put  some  ear  defenders   on  before  we  go  deaf,  the  pipes  sound  great,  if  a  little  loud  and  the  bike  is  serving   up  some  impressive  figures.     Kunda   Next  up  are  the  Kunda  pipes,  mainly  because  I’d  never  heard  of  them  and  was   interested  to  see  what  they  could  do.    

    The  first  thing  you  notice  is  how  flat  they  are  from  3000rpm  and  they  take  until   6000rpm  before  they  even  start  to  make  anymore  power  from  the  3000rpm   starting  point,  a  total  of  7  seconds  has  elapsed  before  anything  happens.     Then  the  power  starts  to  climb  and  looks  like  a  fairly  steep  curve,  but  that’s   down  mainly  to  making  no  power  before  that,  once  they  get  into  their  stride  they   start  to  make  good  power,  but  the  bike  is  still  climbing    at  10,000  rpm  and  I  am   beginning  to  think  about  my  crank  !     The  bike  finally  tops  out  at  11000rpm,  max  power  is  looking  to  be  in  the  range  of   10,500  rpm,  so  on  the  next  two  runs  we  take  the  bike  to  11,500  rpm  to  be  sure,   that’s  2000  rpm  into  the  redline,  at  which  point  I  am  thinking  my  crank  will  be   making  an  appearance  anytime  soon  !     The  power  figures  are  good,  but  the  high  rev’s  required  leave  us  thinking  these   are  more  race  pipes  than  road  pipes.     Arrow   Arrow  pipes  are  known  for  producing  very  good  4  stroke  pipes,  although  they   have  mixed  reviews  in  the  2  stroke  community.       Compared  to  the  Kunda’s  they  start  to  make  power  pretty  much  straight  away,   its  not  huge  amounts,  but  it’s  noticeable  and  the  bike  feels  reasonably   responsive.     They  start  to  come  on  pipe  just  after  6000rpm  and  keep  pulling  until  well  into   10,000+rpm,  although  power  is  beginning  to  tail  off  by  then,  the  final  figures  are   good,  but  not  the  best  so  far.     Harris   The  Harris  pipes  are  fitted  and  there  is  no  expectation  of  what  these  may  or  may   not  do,  they  sound  nice,  Allspeed(ish)  and  the  bike  feels  good  on  tick  over  as  we   just  flick  the  throttle  to  check  everything.     The  first  run  turns  up  some  surprises,  noticeably  that  the  bike  starts  to  make   power  immediately  from  3000rpom  onwards,  the  power  curve  is  nice  and  the   throttle  response  is  crisp.    This  is  a  very  impressive  mid-­‐range,  however,  by  8500   rpm  the  pipes  are  done  and  the  power  drops  off  dramatically  as  the  bike  refuses   to  rev  much  past  9000rpm.     80’s  Lomas   These  are  a  popular  pipe,  which  is  evident  why  on  the  first  run,  from  4000  to   5000rpm  they  make  an  impressive  10bhp  and  then  have  a  little  dip  which  would   be  possible  to  dial  out  with  some  carburetor  adjustments.     The  bike  pulls  strongly  and  feels  good,  max  power  peaks  around  9200rpm,  but   the  bike  is  revved  to  over  10,500rpm  as  the  engine  is  willing  and  the  pipes  don’t  

 

  seem  to  be  causing  too  much  restriction,  but  they  fail  to  produce  any  more   power  beyond  the  9200rpm  limit.     They  rev  freely  and  quickly  reaching  max  power  in  around  9  secs,  with  the  last   25bhp  being  made  in  just  over  5  secs.     Swarbricks   Another  popular  pipe,  its  evident  from  the  initial  run  that  these  are  not  happy   with  the  current  carburetion  set  up  as  they  feel  exactly  like  the  Kundra  pipes,   very  flat  until  they  come  on  pipe  at  5500rpm.     Once  on  pipe  they  have  a  nice  power  curve  and  climb  nicely,  although  they  take   an  age  to  start  to  come  on  song,  these  where  the  slowest  to  get  into  the  power   band  and  the  bike  required  some  coaxing  to  get  it  to  go,  again  it  would  be   possible  to  improve  this  with  carburetion  adjustments,  but  to  what  extent  is   hard  to  say.     Max  power  peaks  around  8750rpm  and  they  are  done  just  after  9000rpm,   though  we  push  them  to  around  9750rpm  before  the  bike  starts  to  give  up.     TZ350G   Now  these  are  a  pure  race  pipe,  its  what  the  Yamaha  racing  teams  use  to  use,  so   we  are  expecting  pretty  much  nothing  until  around  7000rpm  and  then  for  them   to  go  like  stink.     True  to  form  they  hit  6500rpm  and  the  bike  starts  to  accelerate  quickly,  going   from  nothing  to  peak  power  at  9750rpm  in  approx  5  secs,  the  bike  rev’s  cleanly   through  to  11000rpm  and  wants  to  keep  going,  but  I  take  mercy  on  the  engine   and  shut  off.     No  doubt  with  a  tuned  motor  these  pipes  will  deliver  large  dollops  of  power  at   the  higher  rev  range,  as  regards  them  being  practical  for  the  road,  that  would   have  to  be  a  definite  no  even  with  the  fuelling  set  to  match  the  pipes,  they  are   just  too  peaky.     Micron’s   Unfortunately  I  was  unable  to  get  my  hands  on  a  set  for  the  test  day,  but  these   have  been  tested  in  the  past,  albeit  to  be  fair,  not  in  the  exact  same  conditions  as   the  rest.     The  results  for  these  pipes  are  from  a  test  when  my  bike  was  set  up  to  run  as   best  it  could  with  them  on.     The  bike  was  reasonably  responsive  up  to  5750rpm  at  which  point  the  pipes   begin  to  do  their  stuff,  they  have  a  nice  power  curve  and  pulls  strongly  up  to  its   peak  power  at  8500rpm,  although  the  bike  wasn’t  revved  any  harder  beyond   this,  it  was  evident  that  they  had  stopped  producing  any  more  power.      

 

      Points  to  Note  and  the  Facts     It  is  very  evident  that  some  pipes  are  better  served  on  a  tuned  motor  than  on  a   stock  one,  it  is  also  relevant  to  consider  not  only  the  maximum  BHP  a  pipe  will   make,  but  also  how  long  it  takes  to  get  there  and  whereabouts  that  power  is   made.     Too  often,  the  focus  is  purely  on  the  maximum  BHP  figure,  paying  little  regard  to   the  acceleration  curve/characteristics  of  the  pipes,  in  reality  for  road  use  a  pipe   that  has  a  good  spread  of  power  is  the  better  option,  whereas  peaky  pipes  are   better  served  on  the  track.     If  power  is  delivered  in  the  mid-­‐range  in  a  smooth  and  consistent  manner  it   allows  for  a  faster  and  smoother  ride  on  the  road,  pipes  that  deliver  peaky  power   are  difficult  to  ride  on  the  road  as  they  need  to  be  kept  constantly  in  the  power   band,  which  generally  equals  having  to  ride  closer  to  the  limit  and  changing   gears  frequently.     Results     So  is  there  a  clear  all  round  winner,  well  yes  and  no,  it  all  depends  on  what  you   want,  if  talking  purely  max  BHP  then  the  TSA  pipes  are  clear  winners,  however   some  of  the  other  pipes  are  very  good  for  lower  down  gains.     The  table  below  shows  the  results  of  the  test,  which  includes  the  max  BHP,  max   Torque  and  also  the  time  taken  to  reach  max  BHP.     Note:  All  timings  and  figures  are  from  the  starting  position  of  3000  rpm     Exhaust   BHP@REVS   Torque@REVS   Time   (ft-­lbs)   (secs)   Standard  Exhausts   41.5@8466   26.6@7419   8.3   Allspeeds   46.1@8999   28.4@7311   8.8   Arrow   46.2@9595   27.0@8625   13.0   Harris   39.8@8569   26.7@6973   8.9   Kunda   48.2@10302   27.3@8043   13.5   Lomas   44.3@9322   27.5@7944   8.8   Micron*   46.9@8036   28.6@7636   9.1   Swarbricks**   43.5@8768   28.5@7827   9.8  (32)   Two  Stroke  Addict  (TSA)   50.3@9863   28.9@7752   11.2   TZ350   48.3@9704   27.6@8839   10.0     *  Micron  Exhaust  test  results  are  from  an  earlier  test  run  on  the  same  bike  and   settings    

 

  **  Swarbricks  took  an  initial  32  seconds  to  hit  peak  power,  after  some  coaxing   with  the  throttle,  e.g.  not  pulling  the  throttle  hard  back,  they  did  perform  much   better,  but  required  feathering  of  the  throttle  to  make  them  work  low  down   The  graph  below  shows  how  they  all  compare  to  each  other  in  respect  of  BHP,   the  standard  pipes  have  been  left  off    

    The  acceleration  graph  shows  a  very  different  story  and  this  should  always  be   considered  on  how  well  an  exhaust  performs  as  this  directly  affects  how  the  bike   rides/pulls  when  being  ridden  on  the  road.      

 

 

 

  As  can  be  seen  the  Swarbricks  took  a  very  long  time  to  come  on  pipe,  this  could   be  tuned  out  to  some  degree  by  changing  the  carburetion  which  was  affecting   these  badly.     The  graph  without  the  Swarbricks  is  easier  to  see  the  differences  between  the   exhausts,  this  graph  has  the  standard  pipes  on  to  show  how  they  all  compare  to  a   standard  pipe  in  respect  of  acceleration.    

 

 

 

  So  which  pipe  is  best,  well,  I’ve  opted  to  fit  a  set  of  TSA’s  on  my  bike  as  they  work   so  well  on  the  whole.     There  are  3  pipes  that  are  probably  best  avoided  for  road  use,  namely  Arrow,   Kunda  and  TZ350,  the  reasons  being;     Arrows  because  they  take  a  long  time  to  reach  peak  power  and  it’s  at  very  high   RPM.     Kunda  because  they  make  power  so  high  up  that  your  engine  is  unlikely  to  last   very  long  !     TZ350  pipes  as  these  are  purely  race  pipes  and  are  designed  to  work  with  a   highly  tuned  engine,  on  a  standard  motor  they  do  release  some  power,  but  this  is   high  into  the  rev  range.    

 

 

  If  you  opt  to  fit  a  set  of  Swarbricks,  then  factoring  time  on  the  dyno  and  some   careful  setting  up  would  no  doubt  improve  them  significantly,  but  just  bolting   them  is  unlikely  to  be  a  good  idea.       Summary     What  is  clear  from  the  test  is  that  each  and  every  exhaust  will  require  some   setting  up  in  respect  of  carburetion  and  possibly  in  some  cases  engine  tuning  in   the  form  of  porting,  head  skimming  etc.     The  thrust  of  this  test  was  all  about  just  bolting  them  onto  a  bike,  which  is  what   most  people  tend  to  do,  the  value  of  investing  time  on  a  dyno  to  set  them  up  to   suit  the  bike  is  evident.     After  the  test  was  completed,  the  TSA  exhausts  where  fitted  back  onto  the  bike  to   improve  the  fueling,  the  graph  below  shows  what  results  can  be  gained  in  just  an   hours  work  on  the  dyno.    

  Compared  to  the  initial  test,  the  max  BHP  has  increased  from  50.3bhp  to  53.1hp,   and  max  torque  has  gone  up  from  28.9ft-­‐lbs  to  30.3ft-­‐lbs.  

 

 

    The  blue  line  shows  the  power  after  adjusting  the  main  jet  size  only,  max  BHP  is   now  at  51.8bhp     The  yellow  line  shows  the  power  after  adjusting  the  pilot  jet  size,  max  BHP  is   now  at  53.1bhp.     Further  gains  are  still  possible  as  the  engine  was  still  running  a  little  lean  in  the   mid  range  and  rich  at  the  higher  revs,  another  hour  or  so  on  the  dyno  would   probably  yield  a  further  1bhp  to  2bhp  and  possibly  another  1  ft-­‐lb  of  torque.     The  graph  also  shows  how  the  mid  range  dip  has  been  made  significantly  better   and  further  adjustments  should  see  this  improve  even  further.     Finally,  the  gains  are  clear  to  see  when  compared  to  the  stock  pipe,  this  is  even   more  evident  on  the  first  test  ride,  the  bike  pulls  strongly  and  leaning  forward   over  the  tank  is  mandatory  in  1st  and  2nd  gear  if  you  want  to  keep  the  front  wheel   down.    

 

 

 

  The  end  result  is  an  impressive  BHP  gain  of  11.8bhp  (28%)  over  stock  pipes  and   torque  up  3.7ft-­‐lbs  (14%),  if  you  tried  to  achieve  similar  %  gains  on  a  modern   sports  bike  you  would  have  to  invest  a  significant  amount  of  money  !     The  bike  with  a  set  of  TSA’s  fitted  after  being  set  up  on  the  dyno    

  Special  thanks  to;     John  Warrington  Motorcycles  (Tel:  01653  698258)  for  allowing  me  to  fill  his   dyno  room  up  with  2  stroke  smoke  for  a  day     Mick  Greary  for  collecting  all  of  the  exhausts  and  bringing  them  to  the  test   Norbo  Lea  for  the  loan  of  7  sets  of  the  exhausts   Andy  Graham  for  the  loan  of  his  TSA’s   Brian  Harrington  for  the  loan  of  the  Harris  pipes     Written  by  Dave  Whattam,  Sept  2013  

 

 

350LC Exhaust Shoot out.pdf

was!to!decide!how!best!to!achieve!this,!use!a!standard!motor,!or!a!tuned!one. In!the!end!I!decided!to!take!a!more!“real!world”!approach!and!do!what!95%!of!

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