European Baccalaureate History www.internationalschoolhistory.net

Year 6 World History

Timeline 1935-45 – The era of Total War 1935 January 13 – A plebiscite in the Territory of the Saar Basin - 90.3% of those voting wish to join Germany. March 16 – Adolf Hitler announces German rearmament in violation of the Versailles Treaty. June 18 – Anglo-German Naval Agreement: Britain agrees to a German navy equal to 35% of her own September 15 – The Nuremberg Laws go into effect in Germany. October 2–October 3 – The Second Italo-Abyssinian War begins November 14 – In the General Election in Britain, Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin returns to office 1936 March 7 – In violation of the Treaty of Versailles, Nazi Germany reoccupies the Rhineland. July 17 – The Army of Africa launches a coup d'état beginning the Spanish Civil War. August 1 – The 1936 Summer Olympics open in Berlin, October 25 – Rome-Berlin Axis is formed. November 3 – U.S. presidential election, 1936: Franklin D. Roosevelt is reelected to a second term November 26 – The Anti-Comintern Pact is signed by Germany and Japan. 1937 January 23 – In Moscow, seventeen leading Communists go on trial, April 26 – Spanish Civil War: Guernica, Spain is bombed May 6 – Hindenburg disaster: In the United States, the German airship Hindenburg bursts into flame May 28 – Neville Chamberlain becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. July 1 - The Gestapo arrests pastor Martin Niemöller. July 8 – Japan occupies Beijing. November 5 - Adolf Hitler’s secret meeting plans for acquiring "living space" - Hossbach Memorandum. November 6 – Italy joins the Anti-Comintern Pact. December 21 –Disney's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the first feature-length animated cartoon with sound 1938 February 4 - Adolf Hitler abolishes the War Ministry and takes direct control of the German military. March 3- Oil is discovered in Saudi Arabia. March 12 – Anschluss: German troops occupy Austria; annexation is declared the following day. April 10 - Édouard Daladier becomes prime minister of France. Appeaser Georges Bonnet is Foreign Minister March 14 - Austrian electorate in a national referendum approved Anschluss by an overwhelming 99.73%. June 15 – László Bíró patents the ballpoint pen in Britain. June 22 – Heavyweight boxing champion Joe Louis knocks out Max Schmeling in the first round September 29 – Munich Agreement: German, Italian, British and French leaders agree to German demands October 1 – German troops march into the Sudetenland. November 9 –Kristallnacht: In Germany, the "night of broken glass" destruction of Jewish property Adolf Hitler is Time magazine's "Man of the Year" 1939 February 2 – Hungary joins the Anti-Comintern Pact. March 14 – The Slovak proclaims independence; Fascist priest Jozef Tiso becomes the president March 15 – German troops occupy the remaining part of Bohemia and Moravia; Czechoslovakia ceases to exist. March 28 - Dictator Francisco Franco assumes power in Madrid. April 18 – The Soviet Union proposes a "peace front" to resist aggression. August 2 – Albert Einstein writes to President Franklin Roosevelt about developing the atomic bomb August 23 – Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact: September 1 –German troops begin crossing the border into Poland. 1940 March 5 – Katyn massacre Russian execution of 22,000Polish intelligentsia, including 14,700 Polish POWs. April 9 –Germany invades Denmark and Norway in Operation Weserübung. May 10 – Battle of France begins

May 17 – Brussels falls to German forces; the Belgian government flees to Ostend. June 4 - The Dunkirk evacuation ends – British forces complete evacuating 300,000 troops June 18 - General Charles de Gaulle broadcasts from London, calling on all French people to continue the war June 21 –Vichy France and Germany sign an armistice at Compiegne July 10 - The Battle of Britain begins August 20 - Leon Trotsky is attacked with an ice axe in his Mexico home by NKVD agent Ramón Mercader. September 7- The Blitz – Nazi Germany begins to rain bombs on London September 12 - In Lascaux, France, 17,000-year-old cave paintings are discovered October 28 –Italian troops invade Greece, November 5 – United States presidential election, Franklin D becomes first and only third-term president. November 20 –Hungary, Romania and Slovakia join the Axis Powers. December 17 – President Roosevelt plan to send aid to Great Britain that will become known as Lend-Lease. 1941 May 1- Orson Welles' film Citizen Kane premieres in New York City. May 9 –The German submarine U-110 is captured along Enigma cryptography machine, June 22- Germany invades the Soviet Union under Operation Barbarossa. August 9 –Roosevelt and Churchill meet at Argentia, Newfoundland The Atlantic Charter is created as a result. December 7 - The Japanese Navy launches a surprise attack on the United States fleet at Pearl Harbor, December 11 –Germany and Italy declare war on the United States. The U.S. responds in kind. 1942 January 20 –Nazis at the Wannsee conference in Berlin decide the "final solution to the Jewish problem" April 27 – The Jewish Star of David is required wearing for all Jews in the Netherlands and Belgium. June 10 –The Gestapo massacres 173 male residents of Lidice, Czechoslovakia July 1–July 27 – The First Battle of El Alamein. November 3 – Second Battle of El Alamein: German forces under Erwin Rommel are forced to retreat 1943 February 2 – the Battle of Stalingrad comes to an end with the surrender of the German 6th Army. February 18 - The Nazis arrest the members of the White Rose movement. September 3 –Mainland Italy is invaded by Allied forces under Bernard L. Montgomery, November 28 –Tehran Conference: Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin meet to discuss war strategy 1944 June 6 –Battle of Normandy: Operation Overlord, commonly known as D-Day June 10 –642 men, women and children are killed in the Oradour-sur-Glane Massacre in France. July 1 – The United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference begins at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire. July 20 –Adolf Hitler survives an assassination attempt by Claus von Stauffenberg. August 1 –The Warsaw Uprising begins. August 24 –Liberation of Paris: The Allies enter Paris, successfully completing Operation Overlord. September 3 –The Allies liberate Brussels. November 7 –Franklin D. Roosevelt re-elected to a fourth term. December 3 –Fighting breaks out between Communists and royalists in Greece, leading to Greek Civil War. 1945 January 27 –The Red Army liberates the Auschwitz and Birkenau death camps. February 4–February 11 –Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin hold the Yalta Conference. February 13 – Royal Air Force bombing of Dresden, Germany. April 12 – United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1945) dies suddenly at Warm Springs, April 28 – Benito Mussolini and his mistress, Clara Petacci, are executed by Italian partisans April 30 – Adolf Hitler and his wife of one day, Eva Braun, commit suicide May 2 – The Soviet Union announces the fall of Berlin. Soviet soldiers hoist the Red flag June 26 – The United Nations Charter is signed. July 17–August 2 – Potsdam Conference: three main Allied leaders hold their final summit of the war. July 23 –French marshal Pétain, who headed the Vichy government during WWII, goes on trial for treason. July 26 –Labour Party wins the 1945 general election in UK. Clement Attlee becomes the new Prime Minister. August 6 –Atomic bombing of Hiroshima: August 15 – Emperor Hirohito announces Japan's surrender. The USA calls this day V-J Day (Victory in Japan).