Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) November 2016 Report of Findings May 17, 2017 Presented on behalf of The Coalition -a program of Tri-Town Council – and the School Health Advisory Council (SHAC), Sharon Stewart, Karen Trevenen, Meredith Shaw, Lisa Teichner

Background: • Anonymous survey of 7th-12th grade youth • Administered on November 21, 2016 during extended homeroom • Survey questions encompassed many areas of health and safety • • • • • • • •

Substance use and social norms Sexual health and behaviors Behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries Violence Bullying Stress, depression and self harm Protective factors Weight, weight management, exercise and nutrition

2016 YRBS – HS and MS Results • Substance Use • Use rates • Risk of Harm/Peer & Parental Disapproval • Perceptions / Social Norms

• Bullying • Mental Health • Stress • Depression, self-harm and suicide

• Protective Factors • Supportive Adults • Cared and Valued

Middle School

Chart 2: MASCO Middle School Past 30 Days Substance Use 2016 Compared to MASCO 2014, 2012, 2010 and Massachusetts (2015)

10

Percent of Students

Substance use - MS

15

5.4

5

4.4

4.3

4.0 3.0 2.4 2

2.0 2.0

2.0

2.0 2.0

1.5

1.4

1.1 0.7

0.5 0.4

1.0 0.2

1.3

1.3 0.4

0.3 0.2

0.5

0 Alcohol

High Risk Drinking Masconomet 2016

Cigarettes

Marijuana

E-cigarette

Rx Drugs

Masconomet 2014

Masconomet 2012

Masconomet 2010

Massachusetts 2015

Perception of Harm & Peer/Parental Disapproval wrong or moderate risk

very wrong or great risk

100 90 80 70 60 67.3

43.3

70.7

62.4

74.2

Percent

92.6

68.9 47.9

77.8

74 91.8

50

37.8 91.6

61.9

83.7

40

30 20 10

39.1 23

37.4 31.3

26.2

23.9

20.2 6.7

Alcohol

Marijuana

23.9

19.3 7.3

5.8

0

Tobacco

23.5

18.2

Rx

12.5

E-vapor prod

Perception of Risk: moderate risk great risk Tobacco 2012 2014 2016

Alcohol 2012 2014 2016

PEERS: wrong very wrong

PARENTS: wrong very wrong

23 18.2 23

64 72 67.3

24 13.7 23.9

70 83 70.7

9 5.5 6.7

89 94.1 92.6

36.5 36.3 39.1

37 48.1 43.3

23 15.9 26.2

68 77.2 62.4

11 5.8 20.2

86 87.6 74.2

5.5 2.1 5.8

93 98.2 91.8

(1 or 2 drinks nearly every day)

33 28.1 31.3

47 59.3 47.9

19 8.8 18.2

. 74 87.3 74

Rx Drugs 2012 2014 2016

28 21.9 23.5

58 69.7 68.9

22 11.9 19.3

68 84.2 77.8

11 5.6 7.3

87 92.6 91.6

E-Vapor 2012 2014 2016

37.4

37.8

23.9

61.9

12.5

83.7

Marijuana 2012 2014 2016

(1 or 2x week)

Chart 4: Actual 30 day use (2014) vs perceived use rate (2012 and 2014) MASCO - Middle School 60.0

57

56

52

50.0

45 40.0

39.5

39.7

38.3

30.0

29.3

32.0 30.1

28.6

27.2 20.0

10.0

2.0

1.3

1.1

0.3

0.0

Alcohol

Actual 2016

Cigarettes

Perceived 2016

Marijuana

Perceived 2014

Prescription Drugs

Perceived 2012

MS Bullying *past few months Year

% MS youth report being bullied 1x or more

2016

19.4

2014

21.3

2012

25

2010

28

Of note: • Frequency: no differences across age, gender, time • Most common forms reported were relational: rumors, being made fun of, exclusion • Cyberbullying: 12.6% report w/ girls 3x’s more likely than boys (12% vs. 4%) • MS Youth Perceptions of teacher interventions decreased over 2014: • Almost always: 26% vs. 42% (2014) • Almost never: 10.9% vs. 8.6% (2014)

Most common locations in school

cafeteria

social media

hallways

0

5 2014

10 2016

15

20

Stress

Data:

What’s data telling us?

• How much of a problem? (2014 in red) • Always – 9.6% vs. 6.5% • Often – 22.7% vs. 18% • Almost never/not at all 33.4% vs 39.3%

• Sources of stress: • • • •

schoolwork own expectations parent expectations Friendships

77.6% vs 67.5% 35.7% vs 28.9% 26.2% vs 23.9% 24% vs 9.2%

• Stress management: • • • • • •

journal/draw/music/alone time talk parent/family talking to friends exercise/yoga use alcohol/drugs no strategy

30.9% vs 24.1% 26.7% vs 26.2% 22.7% vs 18.5% 13.4% both years 1% both years 16.2% vs 13.4%

STRESS LEVELS: • Overall increase in stress levels MS youth over 2014 • Girls report higher stress levels than boys (12% vs. 6%) • 8th graders report higher stress levels than 7th • 8th: Always/Often 40% • 7th: Always/Often 24% SOURCES: • Increase across all areas • Friendships as source of stress increased 15% • Girls twice as likely as boys to identify as source of stress • 8th graders more likely than 7th STRESS MANAGEMENT: • Most MS youth have positive strategies • 16.2% report no strategy • Boys: 20.5% report no strategy (1 in 5) • 8th graders: 19.8% report no strategy (1 in 5)

Suicidal Thinking and Behaviors (MS) Masco 2016

Masco 2014

MA 2015 *In past 12

* In past 12 months

* In past 12 months

months

Felt sad or hopeless every day for 2+ weeks or more in a row+

13.8%

8.6%

18.1%

Thought about killing oneself

6.4%

3.9%

8%

Made a plan about how to kill oneself

3.3%

1.9%

--

Ever tried to kill oneself

.9%

0.7%

4%

Purposefully hurt or injured themselves without wanting to die

6.9%

3.5%

15.8%

Measure

Increases across all areas Gender: • Girls more likely than boys report feeling depressed • Girls twice as likely to self harm • Girls higher suicidal ideation (7.8% vs. 4.9%) • 3.9% of girls vs. 2.7% of boys made a plan to kill oneself • Suicide attempts: girls 1.1% vs. boys .8% Age: • 8th more likely than 7th report feeling depressed • Making a plan to kill oneself – 8th graders more likely than 7th graders (4.3% vs. 2.2%) • Suicide attempts: 8th graders 1.4% vs. 7th graders .4%

SUPPORTIVE ADULTS (MS)

Protective Factors - MS

Masco 2016

Masco 2014

Masco 2012

73.3% 8.1% 18.6%

75.6% 8.5% 15.9%

68% 9.5% 23%

64.8% Yes – Parent/adult family member 1.5% Yes – non family adult Yes – both family and 27.9% non-family adults

61.7%

57%

1.4%

3%

33.2%

32%

1.7% 1.9%

2% 5%

Is there at least one adult/teacher at school that you can talk to if you have a problem? Yes No Not sure

Outside of school are there adults you can talk to about things that are important to you?

No Not sure

2.5% 3.3%

Feeling Valued MS 2016 vs 2014

63.3 2016

30.1 4

strongly agree/agree 68.5

feel teachers care/encourage/support 2014

neutral

23

disagree/ strongly disagree

5.6 54.4 2016

34.7 7.5 64.9

feel peers at school care about me 2014

27.1 4.3 59.1

2016

28.5

• Adults … strongly agree/agree • 67% 7th • 51% 8th • Neutral category – 33% - 8th; 24% -7th

4.4 65.6

feel adults in tri-town care about me 2014

24.1 4.2 0

20

40

60

Of NOTE: • Dip across all areas – between 5 – 10% since 2014 • 2016 “neutral” numbers are close to 30% or higher in all categories • Teachers care… strongly agree/agree • 74% - 7th • 52% - 8th • 8th graders almost twice as likely to choose neutral than 7th graders (39% vs. 21%) • Peers at school…strongly agree/agree • 62% 7th • 46% 8th • Girls 51%, boys 58% • Neutral: 8th - 38%; 7th -31%

80

100

High School

Chart 2 MASCO High School Current (Past 30 days) Substance Use 2016 Compared to MASCO 2014, 2012, 2010, Massachusetts & United States (2015)

70

60

Percent of Students

Substance Use – HS

80

50

40 34

35

32

30

34 33

30 28

25 22 22 20

20

16

17 17

23

29

24 24

22

20

18 18 14

11 9

10

7

8

6

5

5

3

0 Alcohol

High Risk Drinking Masco 2016

Cigarettes Masco 2014

Masco 2012

Marijuana Masco 2010

MA 2015

Rx Dugs USA 2015

E-cigarettes

Substance Use - HS by AGE 70

% using/participating

60 50

40 30

20 10

0 14 Age

15

16

17

sexually active

alcohol

ma riju ana

e-ciga re ttes

cigarettes

rx drugs

18

30 Day Use by grade - Alcohol 60 52.5

51

50 42 38.6

40

36.5

38

29

30 23.4

23.5

23.4

19.8

20 10.9 10

0 9th

10th Masco 2016

11th MA 2015

US 2015

12th

30 Day Use by grade – Marijuana 50 45 40

36.6

% of youth

35

32.8 28.9

30

20

20 13.6

15 10

24.8

23.6

23.5

25

27.6

15.2 12

6.1

5

0 9th

10th Masco 2016

11th MA 2015

US 2015

12th

30 day use by grade – E-Vapor Products 45 39.9

40 33.8

35

32.8

30 25

22.8 18.7

20 15

19.7

24.8

23.2

27.6

25.9

20.3

14.8

10 5

0 9th

10th Masco 2016

11th MA 2015

US 2015

12th

Chart 5: Substance Use, Risk of Harm, and Peer and Parental Disapproval of Use of FiveSubstances 100

90

80

70

60 81.5 68.3

77.8

66

46.5

56.1

73.5 93.2

Percent

50

37

54.4

40

14

20.1

32

29.8

24.9

30

20

36.4 28.9

31.2

28.7

27.3

24.7

10

19

18.9

18.5

19.6

14.6

16

18.6

17.7 4.9

0

Tobacco

Alcohol wrong or moderate risk

Marijuana very wrong or great risk

Rx

E-vapor prod

HS (Mis)Perceptions – Social “Norms” % of students thinking Masco peers used 1x or more in past 30 days

100

89

90

83

83 78

77

80 70

75

65

58

60

51 46

50 41 40

35

32

30 20

20 7

10

3

0

Alcohol

Cigarettes Actual

Perceived-All

Marijuana Perceived-Girls

Prescription Drugs

Perceived-Boys

HS: Bullying *past few months Year

% HS youth report being bullied 1x or more

2016

15.8

2014

20.3

2012

20

2010

21

Of note: • Bullying rates dropped 4% over 2014 • Most common types of bullying are relational (exclusion, rumors, made fun of) • Boys more likely than girls to report being bulled several times a week • Girls more likely to experience cyberbullying (cellphone or internet) thank boys and more than twice as likely to experience bullying via social media) • Perceptions of teacher interventions decreased over 2014: • Almost always: 30.3% vs. 36% (2014) • Almost never: 11.9% vs. 9.2% (2014)

Where bullying happens

bus

hallways

cafeteria

social media

0

5

10 Masco 2014

15

20

Masco 2016

25

30

Stress

Data:

What’s data telling us?

• How much of a problem? (2014 in red) • Always – 20.4% vs. 20% • Almost never/not at all 18.3% vs 20%

schoolwork own expectations getting into college parent expectations

87.8% vs 89.3% 57.2% vs 51.8% 41.9% vs 30 -40% 41.8% vs 41.6%

• Stress management: • • • • • •

talking to friends journal/draw/music/alone time talk parent/family exercise/yoga use alcohol/drugs no strategy

40 9th 10th 11th 12th

30 20

• Sources of stress: • • • •

50

51% vs 44.7% 37.7% vs 34.3% 32.8% vs 27.2% 31% vs 26.7% 8.7% vs 9.2% 11.4% vs 11%

10 0 Not a problem Almost never a Sometimes a at all problem problem

Often a problem

Always a problem

• HS youth stress levels and sources similar to 2014 • Girls report higher stress levels than boys – 3x’s more likely to select “always” (31% vs. 10%) and all sources • Boys 4x’s more likely to NOT feel stress • Older youth experience higher levels of stress • Most youth have positive management strategies, however: • 18% 12th grade youth & 11% of 11th grade youth manage w/ drugs/alcohol • 30% of youth aged 17-18 manage w/ drugs/alcohol

Depression, Suicidal Thinking and Behaviors (HS) Masco 2014

Masco 2012

MA 2015

US 2015

past 12 months

Masco 2016

Felt sad or hopeless

16.3%

18.6%

17%

27.4%

29.9%

Considered attempting suicide

9.3%

9.3%

10%

14.9%

17.7%

Made a plan about how to attempt suicide

4.7%

5.9%

8%

11.9%

14.6%

Actually attempted suicide

1.8%

3.1%

8.5%

7%

8.6%

Purposefully hurt or injured themselves without wanting to die

9.2%

13.4%

13.5%

18%

--

Measure

What’s the data telling us? • Decreases across all areas since 2010 • Girls 2x’s more likely to report feeling depressed • Girls more than 2x’s more likely to self-harm than boys; • NOTE: significant drop among 9-10th graders over 2014

Depression, Self Harm, Suicide (HS) 50 40 30 20 10 0

Masco 2016 Masco 2014 Felt sad or Self injury hopeless every day for 2+ weeks

Seriously Attempted considered suicide suicide

Masco 2012

Protective Factors - HS SUPPORTIVE ADULTS Masco 2016

Masco 2014

Yes

79.5%

75.9%

71.5%

No

9.9%

10.9%

12%

Not sure

10.6%

13.1%

16%

Masco 2012

Is there at least one adult/teacher at school that you can talk to if you have a problem?

Outside of school are there adults you can talk to about things that are important to you?

Yes – Parent/adult family member

52.7%

47%

44%

Yes – non family adult

2.9%

3.7%

3%

Yes – both family and nonfamily adults

38.1%

40.8%

43.5%

No

4.2%

4%

4%

Not sure

2.1%

4.4%

5%

IN SCHOOL ADULTS: • Increase in supportive adults at school • NOTE: 1 in 7 9th grade and 1 in 8 10th grade youth are “not sure” • Girls more likely to have in school adult than boys (82% vs 77%) OUTSIDE SCHOOL ADULTS: • Increase in parent/family member outside of school • Consistent across grade levels • 90% boys and 97% of girls indicate have family/nonfamily adult • In past year, 3 out of 4 youth talked w/ adult about substance use and sexual health and safety

TEACHERS:

Feeling Valued HS 2016 vs 2014

• 2 out of 3 youth feel teachers care/encourage/support •

13% difference across grade levels: 9th grade youth feel most supported (70%) ; 10th grade 57%

• “Neutral” – girls 32%; boys 24% 2016 7.5

27.9

63.4

feel teachers care/encourage/support 7.3 2014

26.8

64.8

2016 10.3 feel peers at school care about me 2014

29.5

25% of 9th 33% of 10th 28% of 11th 26% of 12th

PEERS: • Strongly agree/agree • •

58.7

Boys 61%; girls 57% 9th: 63%; 10th 58%; 11th 56%; 12th: 58%

• “Neutral” 9.2

28

2016 10.3 feel adults in tri-town care about me 2014

• • • •

9.9

• •

60.4

36.2

COMMUNITY:

50.3

34.2

close to 30% across grade levels; 31% in 12th Girls – 32%; boys - 27%

• Strongly agree/agree • •

51.3

Boys 52%; girls 48% 9th: 64%; 10th 48%; 11th 47%; 12th: 43%

• “Neutral”

0

20

40

disagree/strongly disagree

60 neutral

80

100

strongly agree/agree

• • • • •

30% of 9th 36% of 10th 38% of 11th 41% of 12th Girls – 40%; boys - 32%

Next steps: • Present data to School Health Advisory Committee • Present data to Leadership Team • Share executive summaries with community (youth and adults) • Share data with Elementary School Committees • Share data with tri-town educators • Collect ideas around Hopes/Concerns/Opportunities various stakeholder groups • Continue discussion with Masconomet School Committee • Launch Adult Perception Survey (May 2017 – June 2017) • Community Conversation in Fall 2017